A connective tissue cell specialized to synthesize and store fat, primarily in the form of triglycerides.
adipocyte
A mesenchymal-derived connective tissue cell located in the interstitial space (interstitium or connective tissue compartment) of the alveolar septum (wall).
alveolar connective tissue cell
alveolar mesenchymal cell
alveolar stromal cell
alveolar interstitial cell
BCL
B cell
B lymphocyte
An epithelial cell located at the base, or basal side, of the epithelium, in direct contact with the underlying basement membrane. These are small polyhedral cells with a large nucleus, relatively little cytoplasm and few organelles. They are undifferentiated, self-renewing, multipotent, progenitor (stem) cells for other epithelial cell types in the airway.
true
basal cell
basophilic granulocyte
basophilic leukocyte
basophil
cell types
A group of cells derived from embryonic mesoderm (mesenchyme) that includes fibroblasts, cartilage cells, adipocytes, smooth muscle cells and bone cells.
connective tissue cell
A type of connective tissue cell that secretes and maintains the structural components of cartilage, primarily collagen and proteoglycans.
true
chondrocyte
A columnar epithelial cell with microscopic hair-like processes, i.e., motile cilia, that extend from the apical cell surface. These cells are found in the epithelia of the conducting airways (trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles), where they sweep mucous, dirt, dust, bacteria and other pathogens up and out of the lung, bronchi, and trachea.
true
ciliated cell
The club cell is a non-ciliated, dome-shaped, secretory cell with short microvilli and abundant secretory granules. Its secretory proteins function to protect the bronchiolar epithelium from environmental toxins/irritants. The club cell also has the capacity for self-renewal (maintenance of a progenitor cell pool) and regeneration of the bronchiolar epithelium after injury.
true
Clara cell
bronchiolar exocrine cell
nonciliated secretory cell
club cell
An epithelial cell located in the ducts (tube-like structures) that transport seromucous secretions from the submucosal glands to the lumen of the upper trachea in the mouse and to the lumen of the cartilaginous airways in the human.
collecting duct cell
dendritic cell
END
A mesenchymal-derived, polygonal, rounded, flat, or squamous ("scale-like") cell that lines the inner (luminal) surface of the blood vessels and lymphaic vessels. These cells contain vimentin filaments and are held together by junctional complexes to form a thin, continuous, endothelial cell layer or sheath (endothelium).
END
endothelial cell
eosinophil
EPI
Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming single or mutliple cell layers or sheets (epithelia). Epithelial cells lining the respiratory system are derived from endoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified by cell shape into squamous, cuboidal, columnar, and transitional epithelial cells. They have a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell-to-cell contact and cell polarity.
EPI
epithelial cell
A connective tissue cell that secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. Flattened and irregular in outline with branching processes; appear fusiform or spindle-shaped.
true
fibroblast
granulocyte
MCL
histiocyte
macrophage
MIC
MIC
leukocyte
white blood cell
immune cell
A mesenchymal-derived, connective tissue cell located in the interstitial space (i.e., interstitium or connective tissue compartments) of the lung.
mesenchymal cell
interstitial cell
Lipid-containing interstitial cell located in the alveolar septum (wall). The lipofibroblast transfers neutral lipid (tryglyceride) from the capillaries to the type II pneumocyte for the synthesis of surfactant phopholipids. It also synthesizes ECM proteins, such as collagen and elastin, and contains intermediate contractile filaments.
true
lipofibroblast
lung tissue macrophage
pulmonary interstitial macrophage
interstitial macrophage
END
LYM
A mesenchymal-derived, squamous (flat), endothelial cell that lines the inner (i.e., luminal) surface of lymphatic vessels, forming a continuous, thin, endothelial cell layer or sheath (endothelium).
true
lymphatic endothelial cell
lymphocyte
MCL
true
alveolar duct lumen
tingible body macrophage
alveolar macrophage
mast cell
A flat cell of mesenchymal origin that forms the superficial layer of the serosal membranes lining the body cavities of the abdomen and thorax.
true
mesothelial cell
monocyte
An epithelial cell that produces and secretes mucin, a substance containing mucopolysaacharides and protein, whch protects the epithelial cell surface. Mucous cells are found predominantely in the submucosal glands of the trachea and more rarely in the epithelum of the cartilaginous airways.
true
mucous cell
mucus cell
myeloid cell
A contractile cell found between secretory cells and basement membrane of the seromucus glands located in the submucosa of the upper trachea in the mouse and human. Each myoepithelial cell has long cytoplasmic processes that wrap around a secretory unit (acinus, or smalll cluster of cells with a central lumen). The contraction of the myoepithelial processes forces the secretory product from the secretory unit into its duct.
myoepithelial cell
NKC
large granular lymphocyte
non-T, non-B lymphocyte
natural killer cell
An endocrine cell that produces and secretes neurotransmitters and neuropeptide hormones in response to neuronal signals. In the lung, these cells are found as single cells or in cell clusters (neuroepithelial bodies) and are located in the epithelium of the conducting airways, including trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.
true
neuroendocrine cell
true
Innervated clusters of NEUROEPITHELIAL CELLS found in the LUNGS. They act as airway OXYGEN sensors, releasing regulatory PEPTIDES and SEROTONIN in response to HYPOXIA.
neuroepithelial body
neutrophil
END
nonspecific endothelial cell
alveolar interstitial cell
Unique slender cells with multiple processes extending along the capillary vessel and encircling the vascular wall to form a net around the vessel. These cells are embedded in the basement membrane shared with the endothelial cells of the vessel. They are are important in maintaining vessel integrity, angiogenesis, and vascular remodeling.
true
pericyte
A supporting cell of the peripheral nervous system, derived from neural crest cells, which forms the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons and is required for nerve maintenance and function.
Schwann cell
neuroglial cell
glial cell
An epithelial cell that produces and secretes water, electrolytes, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant molecules, which protects the epithelial surrface. Serous cells are found predominantely in the submucosal glands of the trachea and more rarely in the epithelum of the cartilaginous airways.
serous cell
A non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped, involuntary contractile cell found in internal organs and blood vessels. Smooth muscle cells are found in the walls of the conducting airways (trachea, bronchi, bronchioles) and of the pulmonary and bronchial blood vessels (vascular smooth muscle).
true
smooth muscle cell
T cell
T lymphocyte
The telocyte is a type of fibroblast (interstitial/connective tissue cell) that has a small oval-shaped cell body with multiple (1-5), thin, elongated telopods (cytoplasmic extensions) that can be up to 100-microns long. These cells are C-KIT positive and are associated with morphogenesis and local tissue homeostasis.
telocyte
A fibroblast found in the connective tissue layer located immediately under the vascular endothelium in the tunica intima of blood vessels.
subendothelial connective tissue cell
EP1
A thin, flat or squamous ("scale-like") alveolar epithelial cell, covering ~95% of the surface area of each alveolus, that facilitates gas exchange across the alveolar wall (septum), i.e., between the alveolus (airspace) and the capillary network.
true
AEC1
AT1 cell
ATI cell
alveolar type 1 cell
alveolar type I cell
alveolar type I epithelial cell
lung type 1 cell
pulmonary alveolar type I cell
squamous alveolar cell
squamous alveolar lining cell
type I alveolar cell
type I alveolar epithelial cell
type I pneumocyte
EP2
A cuboidal-like, alveolar epithelial cell that synthesizes, stores, secretes, and recycles pulmonary surfactant phospholipids and proteins, substances that reduce the surface tension in the alveolus. Pulmonary surfactant is stored in lipid-rich lamellar bodies, a distinctive feature of this cell type.. The type II pneumocyte is also capable of cell division and can repopulate the alveolar epitheium after injury, differentiating into type I pneumocytes. Although this cell type covers less than 5% of the alveolar surface, it represents 60% of all alveolar epithelial cells.
true
AT2 cell
ATII cell
TII (type II)
alveolar epithelial type II cell
alveolar type II cell
cuboidal type II cell
granular pneumocyte
lung type 2 cell
type 2 alveolar epithelial cell
type 2 pneumocyte
type II alveolar cell
type II alveolar epithelial cell
type II pneumocyte
true
general epithelial cell
nonspecific epithelial cell
unclassified epithelial cell
END
An endothelial cell of the vascular tree, which includes blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.
true
vascular endothelial cell
nuocyte
A neuron whose cell body is located within an autonomic ganglion, i.e., part of a cluster of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Its purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses between the central nervous system and its target organs/tissues.
autonomic ganglion cell
autonomic ganglion neuron
neuron
neuronal cell
autonomic neuron
intermediate airway progenitor cell
marker CD1A
Langerhans cell
A rapidly cycling mature B cell that has distinct phenotypic characteristics and is involved in T-dependent immune responses and located typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes. This cell type expresses Ly77 after activation.
large non-cleaved follicle center cell
NCIT:C32932
centroblast
CL:0000786, BTO:0000392, FMA:70574
BCL
A terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, antibody secreting cell of the B cell lineage with the phenotype CD138-positive, surface immunonoglobulin-negative, and MHC Class II-negative. Plasma cells are oval or round with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, and a round nucleus having a characteristic cartwheel heterochromatin pattern and are devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin. Plasma cells develop in the spleen and migrate to the bone marrow. Plasma cells are also reportedly CD5-negative, CD10-negative, CD19-positive, CD20-negative, CD21-negative, CD22-negative, CD23-negative, CD24-negative, CD25-negative, CD27-positive, CD34-negative, CD38-positive, CD40-positive, CD43-positive, CD45-positive, CD48-positive, CD53-low, CD80-negative, CD81-positive, CD86-positive, CD95-positive, CD196-negative, CD229-positive, CD270-positive, CD352-positive, CD361-positive, and IgD-negative. Transcription factors: BLIMP1-positive, IRF4-positive, PAX5-negative, SpiB-negative, Ets1-negative, and XBP1-positive.
An epithelial cell that lines the peripheral gas exchange region (epithelial lining of the alveolar duct and alveoli) of the lungs. Includes both alveolar type I and type II pneumocytes.
mature B lymphocyte
CL:0000786
plasma cell
NCIT:C34032
An antigenically stimulated lymphocyte. It is a large cell with well-defined cytoplasm, a large nucleus with prominent nuclear membrane, distinct nucleoli, and clumped chromatin.
immunoblast
bronchial epithelial cell
An epithelial cell that lines the intrapulmonary conducting airway, or bronchioles. The more proximal bronchioles are lined predominantly by ciliated cells with a greater proportion of club cells in the distal bronchioles.
terminal bronchiolar epithelial cell
tracheal epithelial cell
bronchiolar epithelial cell
alveolar epithelial cell
megakaryocyte
lymphoid cell
A macrophage found largely found within the germinal center of lymph nodes which contain phagocytized apoptotic lymphocytes
tingible body macrophage
erythroid cell
RBC
red blood cell
erythrocyte
innate lymphoid cell
respiratory bronchiolar epithelial cell
membranous bronchiolar epithelial cell
platelet
lymphoid macrophage
reticular cell
muscle cell
blood cell
submucosal gland duct epithelial cell
submucosal gland epithelial cell
mesenchymal cell
CD140+ cells
mesenchymal derived cell
HTC Cell types
mixed cells
MIX
mixed control cells
MixedCtrl
mixed control cells from combined lung lobes
MixedCtrl-CBL
CBL
CD45+ mixed/unfractionated immune cells
MIC
Presort stained mixed control cell
PMX
biopsy cells
BPS
biopsy cells from right middle lobe parenchyma
RML-BPS
right middle lobe alveolar parenchyma
mixed control cells from right middle lobe
MixedCtrl-RML
RML
mixed control cells from bronchiole-bronchiolar tissues
MixedCtrl-BRR
BRR
Cell Ontology for Human Lung Maturation