dc:date 2007/5/1 (created date)
dc:creator Dennis Thomas
Created by Dr. Dennis Thomas (Department of biomedical engineering and center for computational biology, Washington University in St. Louis)
NanoParticle Ontology (NPO) is created to represent the basic knowledge domain that constitutes the physical, chemical and functional characteristics of nanoparticles formulated in nanotechnology-cancer research. The NPO development effort is part of a nanoinformatics resource project, funded from a NCI grant presented to the Sitemen Cancer Center for Nanotechnology Excellence (SCCNE) at Washington University in St. Louis
[1) http://nano.cancer.gov/programs/siteman/; 2) http://www.siteman.wustl.edu/internal.aspx?id=1926]
PI: Dr. Rohit Pappu (Department of biomedical engineering and center for computational biology, Washington University in St. Louis)
PI: Dr. Nathan Baker (Department of biochemistry and molecular biophysics, and center for computational biology, Washington University in St. Louis)
0.9.3
1
Nanoparticle_Chemical_Composition_Descriptor which is used to denote a substance formulated systematically using nanotechnology, and contains individual units of inter-connected chemical entities that can be enumerated as nanoparticles and/or active chemical components/ingredients.
26 February 2008
Nanoparticle Sample
Nanoparticle Formulation
28 February 2008
Reduction In Multidrug Resistance
Iron Oxide Nanoparticle
12 February 2008
26 February 2008
Cancer Application
Nanoparticle-Cancer_Knowledge_Entity which is an Intended application of the formulated nanoparticle in cancer diagnostics, therapy and/or treatment, in accordance with the functionalities of the nanoparticle.
25 February 2008
Paclitaxel-Loaded Nanoparticle
1
26 February 2008
Nanotechnology: Application of scientific knowledge from multidisciplinary fields of science for manipulating matter at the length scale of 1-100 nanometers.
Chemical_Component_In_Nanoparticle_Formulation which is a chemical component that has at least 1 spatial dimension in the nanometer size range, with an identifiable structure or function that uniquely defines the nanoparticle's type as it is known.
Nanoparticle
26 February 2008
Nanoparticle-Cancer_Knowledge_Entity which constitutes the type, effect, or use of stimulus on a Nanoparticle_Formulation, i.e., Stimulus, Response_To_Stimulus, or Purpose_For_Stimulus.
Stimulus Description
26 February 2008
Entrapment
Linkage type where a linkage chemical component is trapped and confined to the void spaces of a larger sized nanoparticle.
Boost In Immune Response
3 March 2008
27 February 2008
Polymer Micelle
27 February 2008
Liposome Vesicle
Liposome
NCI_THESAURUS: C62384
Closed vesicle that forms on hydration of dry phospholipids above its transition temperature.
Water-Soluble Attribute
4 March 2008
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C272
MESH: D000964
Antineoplastic Antimetabolite
27 February 2008
Carbon Nanofiber
Carbon nanofibers are cylindrical nanostructures with graphene layers arranged as stacked cones, cups or plates. Carbon nanofibers with graphene layers wrapped into perfect cylinders are called carbon nanotubes.
Nanoparticle Conjugated Material Type
27 February 2008
Nanoparticle Type that is identified based on the material makeup of chemical component that it is conjugated to.
Nanoparticle_Physical_Composition_Descriptor which is a site or location in a Nanoparticle which results from the local arrangement of the chemical components in the nanoparticle formulation; which is a location in a Nanoparticle occupied by a Linkage_Chemical_Component ; which is a region or location that determine the Nanoparticle's overall structure.
26 February 2008
Nanoparticle Physical Site
21 February 2008
DNA-Coated Nanoparticle
Nanoparticle_Function_Type which has the end-directed activity/function to serve as a template consisting of two-dimensional patterning of biological molecules on a surface for biological analysis.
NCI_THESAURUS: C62340
Nanoarray
27 February 2008
27 February 2008
Photodynamic Therapy
NCI_THESAURUS: C15300
Gold Nanocage
12 February 2008
Gold nanocages, some 40 nanometers in diameter can be made by replacing the silver atoms of silver nanotubes.
Cell Differentiating Agent
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C2122
Nanoparticle-Mediated Gene Product Delivery
27 February 2008
The delivery of a gene product using nanoparticles.
CHEBI:45863
MESH: D017239
NCI_THESAURUS: C1411
Paclitaxel
26 February 2008
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C25278
Fluid
It refers to a layer formed by surface modifying agents that are linked to molecules/chemical components on the inner surface of a Nanoparticle (exists in cases where the Nanoparticle has hollow-like structure) ; and mostly or partly covers the surface of the Nanoparticle.
26 February 2008
Inner Surface Coat
Pharmacologic Substance
NCI_THESAURUS: C1909
21 February 2008
Pharmaceutical Agent
NCI_THESAURUS: C18395
Proliferation Marker
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C16350
Biosensor
27 February 2008
17 January 2008
In Vivo Optical Imaging
26 February 2008
Amino Group
CHEBI:46882
21 February 2008
Lipid Bilayer
MESH: D008051
17 January 2008
In Vivo Cell Tracking
17 January 2008
Solid Lipid Nanoparticle
21 February 2008
Endothelial-Specific Integrin Inhibitor
NCI_THESAURUS: C2144
Drug Release Mechanism
The mechanism by which drug is released from a nanoparticle
3 March 2008
17 January 2008
Visualization
NCI_THESAURUS: C511
21 February 2008
Folate Antagonist
27 February 2008
Nanoparticle Structure Type
The type of nanoparticle identified based on the structural distinctions of the nanoparticle.
Attachment
26 February 2008
The type of linkage where two linkage chemical components are attached.
Surface
26 February 2008
Any outer or inner surface region of a Nanoparticle.
Methyl Acrylate
21 February 2008
Preparation Process Rate
17 January 2008
Chemical Content At Start Of Process
17 January 2008
27 February 2008
Nanoparticle-Mediated Agent Delivery
The delivery of functional agents using nanoparticles.
The process by which a nanoparticle reaches a cancer cell.
Targeting
3 March 2008
Nanoparticle Material Type
27 February 2008
The type of nanoparticle identified based on the material makeup of any chemical component associated to the nanoparticle.
A type of entrapment where a linkage chemical component is encapsulated in the void spaces of a larger sized nanoparticle.
26 February 2008
Encapsulation
Nanoparticle_Function_Type which has the end-directed activity/function to serve as an explosive device.
NCI_THESAURUS: C62367
An explosive device comprised of carbon nanotubes. These nanoscale devices have desirable optical and thermal properties that can be exploited for novel cancer therapeutics. The ability to manipulate these properties facilitates a controlled, localized activation and clearance mechanism of diseased or abnormal cells.
Nanobomb
27 February 2008
21 February 2008
Bimetallic Nanorod
Blood Brain Barrier Disruption Chemotherapy
27 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C16026
21 February 2008
Heterobifunctional Crosslinker
Molecule that contains two different functional groups that are used to crosslink two different molecules.
27 February 2008
DEFINITION(SOURCE): Nasibulin, A. G., Peter. V. Pikhitsa, Hua. Jiang, David. P. Brown, A. V. Krasheninnikov, Anton S. Anisimov, Paula Queipo, Anna Moisala, David Gonzalez, Gunther Lientschnig, Abdou Hassanien, Sergey D. Shandakov, Giulio Lolli, Daniel E. Resasco, Mansoo Choi, David Tom√°nek, and Esko I. Kauppinen "A Novel Hybrid Carbon Nanomaterial". Nature Nanotechnology 2(3), 156-161 (2007).
A hybrid carbon nanomaterial formed by the combination of single-walled nanotubes and fullerenes wherein the fullerenes are covalently bonded to the outer surface of the single-walled nanotubes.
Nanobud
Specific Attribute
Inherent property or characteristic of any Chemical_Component_In_Nanoparticle_Formulation, which results due to its chemical composition, and which specifically contribute to the functionality or application of the nanoparticle.
26 February 2008
17 January 2008
Reduction In Drug Toxicity
17 January 2008
Trapezoid
Tripalmitin-Based Nanoparticle
Controlled Drug Release From Nanoparticle
17 January 2008
12 February 2008
Dendrimer Cavity
Cavity or space present in the core and generation layer (between branches) of a dendrimer that can be occupied by molecules other than those which chemically make up the dendrimer.
NCI_THESAURUS: C45302
21 February 2008
Powder
NCI_THESAURUS: C1557
21 February 2008
Pyrimidine Antagonist
17 January 2008
Optical Imaging Without External Illumination
26 February 2008
Outer Hydrophlic Surface Of Liposome
Outer surface of a liposome vesicle, formed by the polar head groups of lipid molecules that compose the lipid bilayer.
GO:0006897
NCI_THESAURUS: C16544
Endocytosis
DEFINITION (NCI_THESAURUS): Cellular uptake of extracellular materials within membrane-limited vacuoles or microvesicles. Endosomes play a central role in endocytosis.
3 March 2008
Hydrophilic Surface Modification
Coating the surface of nanoparticles using hydrophilic agents to increase water solubility.
Response To Stimulus
27 February 2008
Stimulus_Description which denotes a function or phenomenon that is being caused to occur due to a stimulus on the nanoparticle.
Nanoparticle-Cancer Knowledge Entity which is an established or naturally occuring physiological or non-physiological process that forms the basis for designing a nanoparticle formulation to achieve the intended function.
26 February 2008
Mechanism
Mechanism is an established or naturally occuring physiological or non-physiological process that forms the basis for designing a nanoparticle formulation to achieve the intended function.
Gain In Long Systemic Circulation
3 March 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C15776
27 February 2008
Cancer Detection
DEFINITION (NCI_THESAURUS): The act of discovery of a malignant neoplasm, and after treatment, the discovery of minimal residual disease.
27 February 2008
MESH: D008823
Aggregate of amphiphilic molecules formed in a polar solvent.
Micelle
Fluorescent Attribute
4 March 2008
Active Targeting
The process in which targeting molecules that are conjugated to nanoparticles help direct nanoparticles to tumor sites, cancer cells or intracellular organelles in cancer cells.
3 March 2008
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
NCI_THESAURUS: C449
CHEBI:16991
DNA
26 February 2008
Component With Location In A Physical Site Of Nanoparticle
21 February 2008
27 February 2008
Unilamellar Vesicle
Liposome Vesicle, which has a single lipid bilayer.
1
26 February 2008
CHEBI:31624
NCI_THESAURUS: C61766
MESH: DO19793
Fluorescein
Nanoprobe
Nanoparticle_Function_Type which has the end-directed activity/function to serve as a probing tool of nanometer-size, that is combined with a Nanosensor useful in subcellular detection of activity or phenomenon (e.g. biological phenomenon or process).
NCI_THESAURUS: C62372
21 February 2008
Ring
NCI_THESAURUS: C61458
Chemical Entity that crosslinks two or more bioactive compounds together.
21 February 2008
Crosslinker
Silica Nanosphere
21 February 2008
21 February 2008
Lipid-Coated Nanoparticle
Detection Of Metastatic Cells
17 January 2008
Apoptotic Signaling
17 January 2008
25 February 2008
Polysaccharide-Coated Nanoparticle
Differentiation Inducer
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C1934
3 March 2008
MDR
Multi-Drug Resistance
26 February 2008
Property which refers to the physical state of a Nanoparticle_Formulation.
Physical State
Chemical Entity
Nanoparticle-Cancer_Knowledge_Entity which is an identifiable entity of a chemical kind (atom, molecule, compound, group of molecules, roles) that appears in a nanoparticle formulation or in the context where the nanoparticle formulation appears.
26 February 2008
Drug release from a nanoparticle by virtue of interaction with optical stimulus.
3 March 2008
Drug Release With Optical Activity
4 March 2008
Temperature-Sensitive Attribute
Nanorod
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62373
DEFINITION(NCI_THESAURUS): Nanoscale structures that are shaped like long dowels. The structures have a diameter that is measured in the nanoscale with an extended length parameter.
4 March 2008
Polymeric Attribute
Output Chemical
17 January 2008
5 March 2008
The parent class that contains classes which may be placed under Nanoparticle-Cancer_Knowledge_Entity
Extended NPO
Terminal Group
Molecular component that forms the end or surface group of a dendrimer.
21 February 2008
Dendrimer End Group
Nanoparticle-Cancer Knowledge Entity
Entity (term or concept) that constitutes the knowledge-domain of nanoparticles formulated in cancer research.
26 February 2008
FIX:0000121
Scanning Probe Microscopy
27 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62364
21 February 2008
Nanoparticle Complex
DEFINITION(NCI_THESAURUS): A nanoparticle bound to another moiety of interest via a chemical or physical interaction.
Nanoparticle type based on the material makeup of a chemical component that coats the surface of a nanoparticle.
27 February 2008
Nanoparticle Coat Material Type
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C2050
Alpha V Beta Inhibitor
Nanohorn
DEFINITION(NCI_THESAURUS): A fullerene-like nanostructure that consists of graphene cylinders and exhibits an irregular horn-like shape.
27 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62386
CHEBI:46793
Polyethylene Glycol
PEG
3 March 2008
Ceramic-Based Nanoparticle
Optical Imaging
17 January 2008
Hybrid Nanoparticle
27 February 2008
A complex of structurally different nanoparticle entities (e.g. a hybrid of fullerene and buckyball, a hybrid of dendrimer and quantum dot, etc.)
Non-Immunogenic Attribute
4 March 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C1966
Image Enhancement Agent
26 February 2008
Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging
17 January 2008
Carbon-Based Nanoparticle
CHEBI:38161
NCI_THESAURUS: C360
MESH: D002614
Chelating Agent
21 February 2008
4 March 2008
Immunogenic Attribute
17 January 2008
e.g., nitrogen
Gaseous Condition
Dendrimer
12 February 2008
DEFINITION (NCI_THESAURUS): A polymeric molecule which has a highly-branched, three-dimensional architecture. Dendrimers are synthesized from monomers and new branches are added in discrete steps to form a tree-like architecture. A high level of synthetic control is achieved through step-wise reactions and purification at each step to regulate the size, architecture, functionality and monodispersity of the molecules. These polymers have desirable pharmacokinetic properties and a polyvalent array of surface groups that make them potential drug delivery vesicles.
NCI_THESAURUS: C62363
A fullerene refers to any cagelike, hollow molecule composed of hexagonal and/or pentagonal groups of carbon atoms , and it is regarded as the third form of carbon after diamond and graphite.
27 February 2008
DEFINITION (NCI_THESAURUS): One of three known pure forms of carbon that exhibits a spherical shape with a hollow interior. The number of carbon atoms comprising fullerenes is variable and several stable spherical carbon structures containing 70 or more atoms have been documented.
Fullerene
NCI_THESAURUS: C62382
3 March 2008
Drug release from a nanoparticle by virtue of interaction with ultrasound.
Drug Release With Ultrasound
NCI_THESAURUS: C45300
Solid
21 February 2008
DEFINITION(SOURCE): Y. Matsumur and H. Maeda, "A new concept for macromolecular therapeutics in cancer chemotherapy: mechanism of tumoritropic accumulation of proteins and the antitumor agent Smancs," Cancer Research, 46, 6387-6392 (1986).
3 March 2008
EPR
Targeting of Cancer Cells via EPR
Enhanced Permeability And Retention Effect
The accumulation of particulate substances in angiogenic tumors due to enhanced permeability of particles across leaky tumor endothelium and retention of the particles inside the tumor due to its defective lymphatic drainage system.
26 February 2008
Rhodamine
NCI_THESAURUS: C806
Carbohydrate-Ceramic Nanoparticle
17 January 2008
Coordinate Covalent Bond
Biopolymer-Coated Nanoparticle
21 February 2008
Hydrogel
17 January 2008
26 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62343
DEFINITION(NCI_THESAURUS): A nanoscale cavity or channel confined within a membrane or solid matter.
Nanopore
21 February 2008
DEFINITION (NCI_THESAURUS): Fibers which are elongated and cylindrical in shape and less than 100 nm in length. These fibers are often utilized in the construction of biomedical devices
Nanofiber
NCI_THESAURUS: C62385
Dextran
26 February 2008
MESH: D003911
CHEBI:27649
Linkage Descriptor
26 February 2008
Nanoparticle_Chemical_Composition_Descriptor, which identifies and describe the part relating to the existence of a linkage between any two chemical components in a nanoparticle formulation (Chemical_Component_In_Nanoparticle_Formulation).
A unit or group of molecular components that repeats to form the branches of a dendrimer.
21 February 2008
Dendrimer Repeat Unit
NAME (OLD): Repeat Unit
DEFINITION (OLD): The chemical units repeated in the dendrimer core
Microscopy
27 February 2008
FIX:0000005
17 January 2008
Evasion Of RES
Superparamagnetic Attribute
4 March 2008
Photothermal Therapy
17 January 2008
21 February 2008
Tetrahedron
NCI_THESAURUS: C63856
Magnetic Field
17 January 2008
Organic Attribute
4 March 2008
Nanocell Membrane
21 February 2008
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C64363
Ellipsoid
e.g., acidic, neutral, basic
3 March 2008
pH
Type Of Nanoparticle
26 February 2008
Nanoparticle-Cancer_Knowledge_Entity, which classifies a nanoparticle based on how it is identified: idenification based on the material of any chemical component associated to the nanoparticle, identification based on its structural parts, or identification based on whether it has an end-directed activity/function that is essential for it to be made.
Nanoparticle Type
Antibody-Coated Nanoparticle
21 February 2008
Large Unilamellar Vesicle
Unilamellar vesicle, which has size greater than 100 nm.
27 February 2008
FIX:0000124
Scanning Electron Microscopy
27 February 2008
Linkage Type
26 February 2008
Linkage_Descriptor which specifies how two chemical components in a Nanoparticle_Formulation are linked to each other.
4 March 2008
Inorganic Attribute
17 January 2008
Hydrogen Bond
Nanoparticle Aggregate Formation
3 March 2008
Polymer-Coated Nanoparticle
25 February 2008
21 February 2008
Nanoemulsion
NCI_THESAURUS: C62369
Chemical Entity which is identified based on its role.
26 February 2008
Chemical Entity Based On Role
MESH: D005472
CHEBI:46345
Fluorouracil
26 February 2008
17 January 2008
Ligand-Antigen Targeting
26 February 2008
Core Of Nanoparticle
Core
The central part of a Nanoparticle that may be hollow or made of material or has void spaces that constitutes the Nanoparticle, which can contain other agents like drugs, imaging agents, etc.
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C25974
Tubulin Binding Agent
Accoustic-Sensitive Attribute
4 March 2008
Nanoparticle Payload Agent
26 February 2008
Functional Agent that is transported and delivered by using nanoparticle as a delivery vehicle or carrier.
Hollow Core Of Nanocage
12 February 2008
Water-Dispersible Attribute
4 March 2008
Lipid Monolayer
March 3, 2008
Sound
17 January 2008
17 January 2008
Shape
Stimulus_Description which denotes a Mechanism or Cancer Application or Function_Or_Phenomenon as an intended purpose for designing a Nanoparticle_Formulation that is responsive to a Stimulus.
Purpose For Stimulus
27 February 2008
21 February 2008
Crystal
NCI_THESAURUS: C61303
Dendrimer Generation Layer
Interior layer formed by the addition of branches containing repeating units in a dendrimer around the Dendrimer Core
12 February 2008
Multilamellar Vesicle
27 February 2008
Liposome Vesicle, which has more than one lipid bilayer separated from one another by hydrophilic spaces.
CHEBI:30347
chebi:CHEBI_30347
Ethylenediamine
26 February 2008
Minimization in the formation of aggregates in a nanoparticle formulation.
Minimization Of Nanoparticle Aggregate Formation
3 March 2008
25 February 2008
Tamoxifen-Loaded Nanoparticle
PAMAM Dendrimer
Polyamidoamine Dendrimer
12 February 2008
MESH: D017730
CD30 Antigen
21 February 2008
Gold Nanocantilever
21 February 2008
eg., string: overnight
3 March 2008
Processing Time
NCI_THESAURUS: C2143
Endothelial Cell Inhibitor
21 February 2008
It consists of one or more graphite sheets (graphene) of hexagonal arrays of carbon rolled into seamless cylinders with capped ends.
27 February 2008
Carbon Nanotube
21 February 2008
Component Has Location In Shell
Near Infra-Red Light
17 January 2008
12 February 2008
Hollow Core Of Nanocapsule
12 February 2008
Outer Surface Of Nanotube
Double-Walled Carbon Nanotube
27 February 2008
A nanotube that consists of two graphite layers or sheets of hexagonal arrays of carbon rolled into two concentric seamless cylinders with a diameter close to 1 nanometer.
Dendrimer Branch
Branch of a dendrimer that is formed by the dendrimer's repeating unit.
12 February 2008
PEG-Coated Nanoparticle
3 March 2008
17 January 2008
Sol
12 February 2008
Nanoparticle Part
26 February 2008
CHEBI:30563
Silica
27 February 2008
Stimulus
Stimulus_Description which is an action or event that is necessary to trigger the intended functionality for which the Nanoparticle Formulation is designed.
17 January 2008
Probe
MESH: D017430
Prostate-Specific Antigen
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C63806
21 February 2008
Cylinder
Intracellular Drug Delivery
28 February 2008
Agent that targets biological molecules.
26 February 2008
Targeting Agent
Optical Imaging Contrast Agent
21 February 2008
Core-Shell Nanoparticle
A type of nanoparticle which has a core part and a shell part, and both parts are distinguished by their respective material content
12 February 2008
Preparation Process Step
1
3 March 2008
1
Each step during the process of preparation.
1
MESH: D017319
NCI_THESAURUS: C1420
Photosensitizing Agent
21 February 2008
Covalent Interaction Between Atoms
17 January 2008
3 March 2008
Drug Release With PH Change
Drug release from a nanoparticle by virtue of change in pH.
Silicon Nanotube
21 February 2008
Chemical Added In Process
17 January 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C18106
5 March 2008
Receptor
Gold-Dendrimer Nanoparticle
12 February 2008
FIX:0000051
Electron Microscopy
27 February 2008
Electric Field
17 January 2008
17 January 2008
Inhibition Of Cancer Cell Growth
27 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62374
Nanoparticle_Function_Type which has the end-directed activity/function to serve as a sensor/detector of any activity or phenomenon or molecule, within a nanometer-range resolution, by responding to a stimulus with a signal that can be measured.
A device typically comprised of nanoscale semiconductor crystals used in combination with biological probes for a variety of applications.
Nanosensor
DEFINITION (MESH): Endogenously-synthesized compounds that may influence biological phenomena or represent quantifiable biomarkers. Biological factors are a variety of extracellular substances that are not otherwise classified under ENZYMES; HORMONES or HORMONE ANTAGONISTS.
Biological Factor
21 February 2008
MESH: D001685
Nanocapsule
A nanocapsule is any nanoparticle that consists of a shell and a space, in which desired substances may be placed. It can be cylindrical or spherical in shape.
12 February 2008
The synthesis or preparation of a Nanoparticle Formulation
Nanoparticle Synthesis
Nanoparticle Preparation
3 March 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C64352
Rod
21 February 2008
Toxicity Reduction
17 January 2008
Gold Quantum Dot
21 February 2008
25 February 2008
Protein-Coated Nanoparticle
DEFINITION(SOURCE): S. J. Oldenburg, R. D. Averitt, S. L. Westcott and N. J. Halas , Chemical Physics Letters, Volume 288, Issues 2-4, 22 May 1998, Pages 243-247
Metallic Nanoshell
A nanoparticle composed of a metallic shell surrounding a dielectric or semiconducting core. When nanoshells reach a target cancer cell, they can be irradiated with near-infrared light or excited with a magnetic field; either of these exposures will cause the nanoshell to become hot, thereby killing the cancer cell. The metal spheres can absorb or scatter light at several wavelengths, making them well-suited for several clinical applications.
27 February 2008
17 January 2008
Disc
Antibody
NCI_THESAURUS: C16295
MESH:D000906
26 February 2008
MESH: D005493
21 February 2008
Folic Acid Antagonist
Prevention Of Opsonization
17 January 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C20401
MESH: D000911
Monoclonal Antibody
26 February 2008
Antitumor Activity
17 January 2008
27 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62387
Single-Walled Nanohorn
DEFINITION(NCI_THESAURUS): A carbon nanotube that is comprised of a single layer of graphitic carbon and exhibits an irregular horn-like shape. One of the primary characteristics of carbon nanohorns is their ability to aggregate. This aggregation is advantageous because of the resulting enhanced permeability in both gases and liquids.
25 February 2008
Etoposide-Loaded Nanoparticle
26 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C66694
Zinc Sulfide
DEFINITION (OLD): A carbon nanotube that consists of two layers of graphite rolled together in the form of two seamless concentric cylinders.
Double-Walled Nanotube
A nanotube that consists of two layers or sheets of hexagonal arrays of an element, molecule or compound rolled into two concentric seamless cylinders with a diameter close to 1 nanometer.
27 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62390
The entity that is targeted by a targeting chemical component in a nanoparticle formulation.
Target Entity
26 February 2008
Inhibition Of Solid Tumor Growth
17 January 2008
Angiogenic Inhibition
NCI_THESAURUS: C26044
Angiogenesis Inhibition
28 February 2008
12 February 2008
Gold Nanoparticle
21 February 2008
Sphere
NCI_THESAURUS: C64353
26 February 2008
CHEBI:23367
Molecular Entity
17 January 2008
Visible Light
3 March 2008
Enhancement In Antitumor Activity
27 February 2008
Unilamellar vesicle, which has size less than 100 nm.
Small Unilamellar Vesicle
The aqueous space enclosed by lipid bilayer of a liposome.
Hydrophilic Core Of Liposome
26 February 2008
MESH: D015703
CD Antigen
21 February 2008
DEFINITION(NCI_THESAURUS): Heterogeneous materials comprised of nanoparticles and plastic resin to provide added strength and desirable thermal attributes. Nanocomposites are a class of compounds with unique performance profiles with respect to rigidity and transparent barrier properties.
Nanocomposite
NCI_THESAURUS: C62365
Diagnostic Imaging Agent
CHEBI:37334
26 February 2008
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
17 January 2008
21 February 2008
Anti-Adhesion Agent
NCI_THESAURUS: C2197
PH-Sensitive Attribute
4 March 2008
17 January 2008
Base-Sensitive Linker
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C18396
Metastasis And Aggressiveness Marker
Drug
CHEBI:23888
21 February 2008
26 February 2008
Chemical component in nanoparticle formulation is identified as it existed prior to the formulation with a known chemical/molecular formula. A group of chemical components may together be considered as a nanoparticle, if that group entity as a whole is central to the role and function of the whole nanoparticle formulation
Chemical Component In Nanoparticle Formulation
Nanoparticle_Chemical_Composition_Descriptor which refers to an active chemical component/ingredient or nanoparticle of distinct chemical, structural or functional identity, which exists in a nanoparticle formulation.
Nanoparticle type based on the material makeup of the chemical constituent in the nanoparticle.
27 February 2008
Nanoparticle Basic Material Type
25 February 2008
Adriamycin-Loaded Nanoparticle
Doxorubicin-Loaded Nanoparticle
Component Has Location In Core
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C61363
Granule
21 February 2008
Apoptotic Signaling Of MDR Cells
17 January 2008
Tetrapod
NCI_THESAURUS: C63857
21 February 2008
CHEBI:27573
21 February 2008
Silicon
Polar Covalent Bond
17 January 2008
FIX:0000123
27 February 2008
Fluorescence Microscopy
27 February 2008
Nanoparticle_Type which is identified based on the fact that the whole nanoparticle essentially has an end-directed activity/function in the kind or kinds of contexts that it is made for.
Nanoparticle Function Type
DEFINITION(SOURCE): Sengupta et al, Nature Letters, vol 436, 2005
27 February 2008
It consists of a nuclear core surrounded by a lighter lipid membrane. It was first used for sequential delivery of anti-angiogenesis and chemotherapeutic agent to solid tumors.The chemotherapeutic agent can be conjugated to a nanoparticle in the core, while the anti-angiogenesis agent can be encapsulated in the lipid membrane.It was designed to first cause membrane disruption for release of anti-angiogenesis agent, which causes tumor vascular collapse, and finally cause intra-tumoral trapping of the core chemotherapeutic drug-conjugated nanoparticles.
Nanocell
17 January 2008
Cellular Uptake Mechanism
The delivery of a drug using nanoparticles.
Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery
27 February 2008
Nanotube
A nanostructure which consists of one or more sheets of hexagonal arrays of an element, molecule or compound rolled into seamless cylinders with capped ends. Their name is derived from their size, since the diameter of a nanotube is in the order of a few nanometers (approximately 50,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair), while they can be up to several millimeters in length.
DEFINITION (PREVIOUS): It is commonly known as carbon nanotube, which consists of one or more graphite sheets (graphene) of hexagonal arrays of carbon rolled into seamless cylinders with capped ends. Their name is derived from their size, since the diameter of a nanotube is in the order of a few nanometers (approximately 50,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair), while they can be up to several millimeters in length.
DEFINITION(NCI_THESAURUS): Fullerene-like nanostructures that consist of graphene cylinders. The ends of the construct are closed with pentagonal-shaped rings.
NCI_THESAURUS: C62389
27 February 2008
The aqueous space between lipid bilayers (e.g, in a multilamellar vesicle).
Hydrophilic Space Between Lipid Bilayers
26 February 2008
17 January 2008
Amide Bond
Carbohydrate-Coated Nanoparticle
21 February 2008
Functional Agent that is linked to chemical components on the surface of a nanoparticle.
Nanoparticle Surface Agent
26 February 2008
Fluorochrome
26 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C503
17 January 2008
Chemical Content At End Of Process
26 February 2008
Biomacromolecule
MESH: D001704
CHEBI:33694
Biopolymer
Visualization Of Cellular Uptake
17 January 2008
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C912
MESH: D000951
Neoplasm Antigen
Tumor Antigen
Gas
NCI_THESAURUS: C45299
21 February 2008
3 March 2008
Physiological Barrier Mechanism
Physiological processes that reduce the efficacy of nanoparticles in vivo.
17 January 2008
Chemical Removed In Process
Signal Transduction Inhibitor
NCI_THESAURUS: C2189
21 February 2008
Spacer
Flexible molecule that is used to link two other chemical components in a nanoparticle formulation.
26 February 2008
Hexahedron
17 January 2008
Carbohydrate
26 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C344
MESH: D002241
Nanosphere
NCI_THESAURUS: C62388
A spherical particle whose diameter is measured in nanometers, and it can be porous or non-porous.
27 February 2008
3 March 2008
Folate Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
Endocytosis mediated by the folate receptor.
The physiologically-dependent process by virtue of which nanoparticles reach tumor sites, cancer cells or intracellular organelles in cancer cells.
3 March 2008
Passive Targeting
Biological Agent
DEFINITION (MESH): Complex pharmaceutical substances, preparations, or agents of organic origin, usually obtained by biological methods or assay, that depend for their action on the processes affecting immunity. They are used especially in diagnosis and treatment of disease (as vaccines or pollen extracts). Biological products are differentiated from BIOLOGICAL FACTORS in that the latter are compounds with biological or physiological activity made by living organisms. (From Webster's 3d ed).
21 February 2008
MESH: D001688
NCI_THESAURUS: C307
Biological Product
Optical Microscopy
FIX:0000113
27 February 2008
21 February 2008
CHEBI:33363
Palladium
Target Agent
26 February 2008
Agent targeted by the targeting agent in a nanoparticle.
26 February 2008
Nanoparticle_Composition_Descriptor which is used to identify the different sites or locations in a nanoparticle formulation.
Nanoparticle Physical Composition Descriptor
Linkage_Descriptor which specifies the type of interaction or bond responsible for the existence of a Linkage.
26 February 2008
Linkage Interaction
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C1308
Poly(Arg-Gly-Asp)
Poly(RGD)
e.g., vacuum
Pressure
3 March 2008
21 February 2008
Differentiation Antigen
MESH: D000943
NCI_THESAURUS: C16301
Antigen Marker
Differentiation Marker
Non-Polar Covalent Bond
17 January 2008
17 January 2008
Increase In Efficacy
17 January 2008
Nanocrystal
Ultrasound Contrast Agent
CHEBI: CHEBI:37337
26 February 2008
3 March 2008
Uptake By RES
Uptake By Reticuloendothelial System
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C45305
Mixture
Cell Destruction
17 January 2008
Cube
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C63804
Anthracycline Antineoplastic Antibiotic
NCI_THESAURUS: C1594
21 February 2008
The class that includes concepts which describe the different aspects of the preparation/synthesis of a nanoparticle formulation.
The preparation/synthesis of a Nanoparticle Formulation is a step-by-step process
3 March 2008
Nanoparticle Preparation Package
MRI Contrast Agent
CHEBI:37335
26 February 2008
26 February 2008
Core part of a micelle containing hydrophobic (non-polar) tail of individual amphiphilic molecules that form the micelle in polar solvent.
Hydrophobic Core Of Micelle
17 January 2008
Spheroid
3 March 2008
DEFINITION(SOURCE): G. M. Lanza, R. Lamerichs, S. Caruthers and S. A. Wickline, Molecular imaging in MR with targeted paramagnetic nanoparticles; MEDICAMUNDI, 47 (1), 34-39 (2003)
J. N. Marsh, K. C. Partlow, D. R. Abendschein, M. J. Scott, G. M. Lanza and S. A. Wicklinke, Molecular imaging with targeted perfluorocarbon nanoparticles: Quantification of the concentration dependence of contrast enhancement for binding to sparse cellular epitopes, Ultrasound in Med. & Biol. vol 33, no. 6, 950-958 (2007)
Nanoparticle that has liquid core of perfluorocarbon-type compound encapsulated in a lipid-surfactant layer. in an emulsion. These nanoemulsions with surface functionalization can have applications as contrast agents for site-targeted ultrasound imaging and MRI imaging.
Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticle
Ultra-Violet Light
17 January 2008
17 January 2008
Acid-Sensitive Linker
Nanoparticle_Composition_Descriptor which is used to identify the parts that constitute the chemical composition of a nanoparticle formulation, i.e. it identifies a unit/group of chemical components and part (chemical component that is part of the unit/group) thereof; or identifies and describes a chemical linkage and part thereof that necessarily exists among the chemical components or units.
Nanoparticle Chemical Compostion Descriptor
26 February 2008
26 February 2008
Role played by a molecular entity or part thereof.
Role Of Molecular Entity
Binding
17 January 2008
Polysaccharide
NCI_THESAURUS: C28179
MESH: D011134
CHEBI:18154
25 February 2008
26 February 2008
Role of a Chemical_Component_In_Nanoparticle_Formulation by virtue of its participation in a particular Linkage of type Linkage_Type and interaction Linkage_Interaction.
Linkage Chemical Component
Ultrasound
NCI_THESAURUS: C64384
21 February 2008
4 March 2008
Base-Sensitive Attribute
Zirconia-Based Nanoparticle
NCI_THESAURUS: C64362
21 February 2008
Ellipse
Chemical Component For Nanoparticle Functionality
Chemical_Component_In_Nanoparticle_Formulation which is linked to a nanoparticle either directly or indirectly for functionalizing the nanoparticle; which actively plays a role to increase the functionality of the nanoparticle that it is linked to.
26 February 2008
Diagnostic Imaging
17 January 2008
4 March 2008
Acid-Sensitive Atrribute
Targeting Chemical Component
Chemical Component In Nanoparticle Formulation that plays the role of a targeting agent.
26 February 2008
Differentiation Inhibitor
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C2131
Commonly, agents like drugs are delivered as encapsulated entities for the purpose of protecting them from any chemical interactions in the external medium and to enhance water solubility if the agents are highly hydrophobic.
26 February 2008
Encapsulated Chemical Component
Entrapped_Chemcial_Component which is encapsulated in the core of a larger sized Nanoparticle that is a type Nanoparticle_Type.
Monoclonal Antibody-Coated Nanoparticle
25 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C15632
27 February 2008
Chemotherapy
Coating Agent
25 February 2008
Drug release from a nanoparticle by virtue of change in pO2.
3 March 2008
Drug Release With PO2 Change
DEFINITION(OLD): A carbon nanotube that consists of a single layer or sheet of graphite rolled into a seamless cylinder with a diameter close to 1 nanometer.
A nanotube that consists of a single layer or sheet of hexagonal arrays of an element, molecule or compound rolled into a seamless cylinder with a diameter close to 1 nanometer.
Single-Walled Nanotube
27 February 2008
4 March 2008
Paramagnetic Attribute
Shell Of Nanoshell
21 February 2008
17 January 2008
Accoustic Imaging
27 February 2008
Transmission Electron Microscopy
FIX:0000126
Albumin-Conjugated Nanoparticle
17 January 2008
Macromolecule
26 February 2008
Polymer
MESH: D011108
NCI_THESAURUS: C48803
CHEBI:33839
21 February 2008
Tumor Marker
MESH: D014408
NCI_THESAURUS: C17220
NCI_THESAURUS: C67437
Taxane-Pocket Binding Agent
21 February 2008
A linker that becomes functional or produces a response due to changes in pH.
PH-Responsive Linker
21 February 2008
PH-Sensitive Linker
27 February 2008
External Stimulus
The stimulus that is externally applied to the nanoparticles that are in vivo or in vitro environments.
27 February 2008
Internal Stimulus
The stimulus that exists in vivo or in vitro environments, which triggers the intended functionality of the nanoparticle.
21 February 2008
CHEBI:33295
Diagnostic Agent
Agent that has properties useful for diagnostic purposes.
Crossing Of Blood Brain Barrier
17 January 2008
Emulsion
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C63807
26 February 2008
Surface Of Micelle
Surface of a micelle containing hydrophilic polar head groups of individual amphiphilic molecules that form the micelle in polar solvent.
Nanoparticle Core Material Type
Nanoparticle Type that is identified based on the material makeup of a chemical component located in its core region.
27 February 2008
Surface Antigen
Immunological Surface Marker
Cell Surface Antigen
NCI_THESAURUS: C269
MESH: D000954
21 February 2008
3 March 2008
Drug release from a nanoparticle by virtue of change in temperature.
Drug Release With Temperature Change
26 February 2008
Chemical Constituent Of Nanoparticle
Chemical_Component_In_Nanoparticle_Formulation, which constitutes the chemical makeup of the nanoparticle; and it is necessary for retaining the chemical and structural identity of the whole nanoparticle.
MESH: D034961
21 February 2008
Nuclear Antigen
Dextran-Coated Nanoparticle
21 February 2008
CHEBI:37926
26 February 2008
FITC
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate
Methotrexate
NCI_THESAURUS: C642
MESH: D008727
CHEBI:44185
26 February 2008
Catalyst
17 January 2008
Glass
NCI_THESAURUS: C45301
21 February 2008
26 February 2008
chebi:CHEBI_27594
CHEBI:27594
Carbon
Nanoparticle-Cancer_Knowledge_Entity which refers to a property of a Nanoparticle_Formulation or part thereof.
27 February 2008
Nanoparticle Formulation Property
GO:0006898
NCI_THESAURUS: C18107
Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
3 March 2008
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
21 February 2008
MESH: D018809
3 March 2008
Functionalizing the surface of nanoparticles in order to keep them dispersed for increasing the stability of nanoparticle formulation.
Nanoparticle Surface Stabilization
Gene Therapy
NCI_THESAURUS: C15238
27 February 2008
Infra-Red Light
17 January 2008
Chemical Entity that is related to the nanoparticle with respect to its role while by being part of the nanoparticle formulation or by being external to the nanoparticle with which the nanoparticle interacts.
21 February 2008
Nanoparticle-Related Agent
Non-Covalent Interaction
17 January 2008
Non-Covalent Bond
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C2120
Lectin Inhibitor
NCI_THESAURUS: C45789
Circle
21 February 2008
Long Systemic Circulation
17 January 2008
Preparation Process Repetition
17 January 2008
17 January 2008
Electrostatic Interaction
Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticle
The condition under which a Process is carried out.
3 March 2008
Processing Condition
Van Der Waals Interaction
17 January 2008
4 March 2008
Monodisperse Attribute
PH Change
17 January 2008
27 February 2008
Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube
A nanotube that consists of a single graphite layer or sheet of hexagonal arrays of carbon rolled into a seamless cylinder with a diameter close to 1 nanometer.
Porous Shell Of Nanocage
21 February 2008
DEFINITION(NCI_THESAURUS): Nanometer-sized semiconductor particles, made of cadmium selenide (CdSe), cadmium sulfide (CdS) or cadmium telluride (CdTe) with an inert polymer coating. The semiconductor material used for the core is chosen based upon the emission wavelength range being targeted: CdS for UV-blue, CdSe for the bulk of the visible spectrum, and CdTe for far red and near-infrared. The size of the particle determines the exact color of a given quantum dot. The polymer coating protects cells from cadmium toxicity but also facilitates the attachment of a variety of targeting molecules, including monoclonal antibodies directed to tumor-specific biomarkers. Because of their small size, quantum dots can function as cell- and even molecule-specific markers that will not interfere with the normal cellular functions.
12 February 2008
Quantum Dot
NCI_THESAURUS: C62378
Silica-Coated Nanoparticle
25 February 2008
Drug Release From Nanoparticle
17 January 2008
21 February 2008
A metallic nanoshell where the shell is composed of gold nanoparticles.
Gold Nanoshell
NCI_THESAURUS: C390
Contrast Agent
26 February 2008
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C1556
Purine Antagonist
26 February 2008
The entity that a nanoparticle interacts with.
Nanoparticle Interacting-Entity
Hydrophilic Attribute
4 March 2008
17 January 2008
Preparation Process Name
17 January 2008
Fluorescence Imaging
17 January 2008
Imaging Technique
21 February 2008
Palladium Nanoparticle
21 February 2008
Antineoplastic Alkylating Agent
NCI_THESAURUS: C223
MESH: D018906
17 January 2008
Ionic Bond
MESH: D020533
NCI_THESAURUS: C1742
Angiogenesis Inhibitor
21 February 2008
The role of a molecular entity with which the chemical components in a nanoparticle formulation interact.
26 February 2008
Nanoparticle Interacting-Agent
NCI_THESAURUS: C62376
21 February 2008
Nanowire
DEFINITION(NCI_THESAURUS): A nanometer-scale wire consisting of metal atoms, silicon or other materials that conduct electricity. Nanowires are one-dimensional, and exhibit unique electrical and optical properties. They are built atom by atom on a solid surface, often as part of a microfluidic device. In addition, they can be coated with molecules such as antibodies that will bind to proteins for both basic science and clinical applications.
17 January 2008
Inhibition
Temperature
3 March 2008
MESH: D015415
NCI_THESAURUS: C16342
Biological Marker
21 February 2008
Biomarker
Methotrexate-Loaded Nanoparticle
25 February 2008
26 February 2008
Linkage_Chemical_Component which is confined to the void spaces of a larger sized Nanoparticle that is a type Nanoparticle_Type.
Entrapped Chemical Component
21 February 2008
Fluorescein Derivative
21 February 2008
Enzyme Inhibitor
MESH: D004791
NCI_THESAURUS: C471
Nanocage
12 February 2008
Core-shell nanoparticle with a hollow core and a porous wall or shell. It's structure resembles that of a hollow cage, that is similar to a fullerene type of nanoparticle.
Chemical Entity Based On Molecular Structure
Chemical Entity which is identified based on its molecular structure.
26 February 2008
Shell Of Nanoparticle
DEFINTION (OLD): The shell region of a core-shell nanoparticle
Shell
The outer part of a Nanoparticle, which is made of material that is different from that of inside part or Core of the Nanoparticle
26 February 2008
FITC-Conjugated Nanoparticle
NCI_THESAURUS: C63847
Oblate
21 February 2008
28 February 2008
Immune Response
NCI_THESAURUS: C17930
Covalent Bond
17 January 2008
Covalent Interaction
17 January 2008
PO2 Change
Sensitization Of Cancer Cells
17 January 2008
17 January 2008
Confocal Microscopy
Targeting Ligand
17 January 2008
Fiber-Optic Nanosensor
It is defined as a nanometer-scale measurement device that consists of a biologically or chemically sensitive layer, such as an immobilized receptor, antibody, or nucleic acid, that is covalently attached to an optical transducer. In the case of a receptor-based nanosensor, an interaction between the immobilized receptor and its substrate - the molecule it binds to - produces a perturbation that the optical transducer converts to an electrical signal via laser-induced fluorescence.
13 March 2008
4 March 2008
Crystalline Attribute
Nanoparticle_Function_Type which has the end-directed activity/function to serve as the simplest micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) that is easily machined and mass-produced for probing nanoscale specimens.
27 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62368
Nanocantilever
These devices are often used to explore and characterize the surfaces of biological systems. The motion of the device is recorded and transformed mathematically to provide information about these surface characteristics.
Melanoma Biomarker
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C46091
Liquid Perfluorocarbon
25 February 2008
The delivery of a gene using nanoparticles.
27 February 2008
Nanoparticle-Mediated Gene Delivery
Biodegradable Attribute
4 March 2008
21 February 2008
Antimitotic_Agent
NCI_THESAURUS: C273
MESH: D050256
21 February 2008
CHEBI:28112
Nickel
Amphiphilic Polymer
26 February 2008
Suspension
NCI_THESAURUS: C45304
21 February 2008
21 February 2008
Radioactive Imaging Agent
CHEBI:37336
Lipid
CHEBI:18059
MESH: D008055
26 February 2008
It refers to a layer formed by surface modifying agents that are linked to molecules or chemical components on the surface of a Nanoparticle; and mostly or partly covers the surface of the Nanoparticle.
Coat
26 February 2008
CHEBI:28748
26 February 2008
Doxorubicin
NCI_THESAURUS: C456
MESH: D004317
Adriamycin
17 January 2008
Cone
4 March 2008
Magnetic Attribute
4 March 2008
Optic-Sensitive Attribute
Outer Surface Coat
26 February 2008
It refers to a layer formed by surface modifying agents that are linked to molecules/chemical components on the outer surface of a Nanoparticle ; and mostly or partly covers the surface of the Nanoparticle.
Gold
CHEBI:29287
21 February 2008
Nuclear Core Of Nanocell
12 February 2008
Nanoparticle-Cancer_Knowledge_Entity which is used to identify the parts that constitute the chemical composition or physical composition of a nanoparticle formulation.
26 February 2008
Nanoparticle Composition Descriptor
Nanoparticle Functional Agent
5 March 2008
The role of a chemical component in a nanoparticle formulation, which is necessary for an intended application or use; or which is an active role in determining the physicochemical composition of the nanoparticle formulation.
Heat
17 January 2008
BBB
Blood Brain Barrier
Mechanism Of Blood Brain Barrier
3 March 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C259
Antineoplastic Antibiotic
21 February 2008
Nanoparticle Boundary
12 February 2008
Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube
27 February 2008
A nanotube that consists of multiple graphite layers or sheets of hexagonal arrays of carbon rolled in on themselves to form concentric seamless cylinders with a diameter close to 1 nanometer.
Silica-Based Nanoparticle
26 February 2008
Hydrophobic Core Of Lipid Bilayer
The space within the lipid bilayer.
Cadmium Selenide
26 February 2008
26 February 2008
Linkage_Chemical_Component which is chemically attached to another Linkage_Chemical_Component.
Attached Chemical Component
17 January 2008
MRI-Based Cancer Detection
Antibody-Conjugated Nanoparticle
NCI_THESAURUS: C1968
21 February 2008
Topoisomerase II Inhibitor
Lipid-Based Nanoparticle
Gold-Nickel Nanorod
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C17230
Ultrasound Imaging
27 February 2008
17 January 2008
Systemic Circulation
Visualization Of Cell Internalization
17 January 2008
Prolate
21 February 2008
4 March 2008
Biocompatible Attribute
Multi-Walled Nanotube
A nanotube that consists of multiple layers or sheets of hexagonal arrays of an element, molecule or compound rolled in on themselves to form concentric seamless cylinders with a diameter close to 1 nanometer.
27 February 2008
DEFINITION(OLD): A carbon nanotube that consist of multiple layers of graphite rolled in on themselves to form concentric seamless cylinders.
NCI_THESAURUS: C62391
Hydroxyapatite-Based Nanoparticle
Linker
17 January 2008
Nanoaggregate
27 February 2008
A cluster of nanoparticles in liquid or gaseous media.
17 January 2008
Light
Hydrophobic Attribute
4 March 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C268
MESH: D000941
Antigen
21 February 2008
3 March 2008
e.g., UV, dark
Lighting Condition
Nanochannel
Nanoparticle_Function_Type which has the end-directed activity/function to serve as an in vivo implantable device, designed to deliver drugs under zero order rate kinetics at high local drug concentrations to non-resectable tumor lesions.
DEFINITION (SOURCE): Lesinski et al, Biomedical Microdevices, vol 7, number 1, 71-79, 2005
27 February 2008
21 February 2008
Component Has Location On Surface
17 January 2008
Ligand-Receptor Targeting
NCI_THESAURUS: C63390
21 February 2008
Vapor
3 March 2008
Nanoparticle Surface Modification
Modification of the nanoparticle's surface properties by conjugating functional agents on the surface of nanoparticles.
A nanoshell is composed of a spherical core surrounded by a shell of a few nanometer in thickness. If the shell is made of metal particles, then it is called a metallic nanoshell (e.g. Gold nanoshell).
DEFINITION (NCI_THESAURUS): A nanoparticle composed of a metallic shell surrounding a semiconductor. When nanoshells reach a target cancer cell, they can be irradiated with near-infrared light or excited with a magnetic field; either of these exposures will cause the nanoshell to become hot, thereby killing the cancer cell. The metal spheres can absorb or scatter light at several wavelengths, making them well-suited for several clinical applications.
Nanoshell
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62375
3 March 2008
Surface Charge Modification
Modifying the surface of nanoparticles by changing the surface charge.
Iron Oxide
21 February 2008
Hollow Core Of Nanoshell
12 February 2008
17 January 2008
Temperature Change
12 February 2008
Exterior Surface Of Dendrimer
The exterior surface of a dendrimer that contains the dendrimer's end/surface group.
In Vitro Optical Imaging
17 January 2008
Liquid
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C45298
Buckyball
Buckyball (C60) or Buckministerfullerene, is a type of fullerene which comprises of 60 carbon atoms arranged in interlocking hexagons and pentagons, like the patches on a soccer ball. Its geometry is roughly spherical and it has a hollow interior.
DEFINITION (NCI_THESAURUS): A nanoparticle characterized by a spherical geometry and hollow interior that is comprised of 60 carbon atoms. This configuration is the most common type of fullerene.
27 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62380
3 March 2008
Input Chemical
NCI_THESAURUS: C32345
Colloid
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C62078
MESH: D013629
CHEBI:41774
Tamoxifen
26 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C45297
21 February 2008
Gel
Therapeutic Agent
26 February 2008
Agent which has properties that are useful for therapeutic purposes.
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C63846
Needle Shape
27 February 2008
FIX:0000114
Atomic Force Microscopy
Antimetastatic Agent
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C2196
26 February 2008
CHEBI:36080
Protein
26 February 2008
A type of attachment where two linkage chemical components are chemically attached or conjugated.
Chemical Conjugation
26 February 2008
Functional Agent that is chemically conjugated to chemical components on the surface of a nanoparticle so that 1) it can modify the nanoparticle's surface properties like surface charge or surface affinity to water; 2) it can be conjugated to other agents which will then be indirectly linked to the nanoparticle.
Surface Modifying Agent
27 February 2008
Nanopipette is a capillary tube with diameter in the nanometer range. Nanoparticles made from standard quartz capillary tubes are known to detect single molecules which are labeled with gold nanoparticles.
Nanopipette
DEFNITION(SOURCE): Single DNA molecule detection using nanopipettes and nanoparticles.
Miloslav Karhanek, Jennifer T Kemp, Nader Pourmand, Ronald W Davis, Chris D Webb
Nano Lett. 2005 Feb ;5:403-7
21 February 2008
Dendrimer Core Molecular Group
Group of molecular components that forms the core of a dendrimer.
Shell Of Nanocapsule
21 February 2008
NCI_THESAURUS: C491
MESH: D005047
CHEBI:4911
26 February 2008
Etoposide
Nanorod made up of more than one material/chemical component.
21 February 2008
Multicomponent Nanorod
Cadmium Selenide Quantum Dot
21 February 2008
25 February 2008
Drug-Loaded Nanoparticle
Function Or Phenomenon
26 February 2008
Nanoparticle-Cancer_Knowledge_Entity which is an intended or other function or phenomenon that occurs while using a nanoparticle formulation.
Therapeutic Application
17 January 2008
Zinc Sulfide Quantum Dot
21 February 2008
Linkage
26 February 2008
Linkage_Descriptor which is used to denote a connection or link between chemical components in a nanoparticle formulation, which holds them together to maintain the overall structure and design of the nanoparticle formulation.
Covalent Interaction Between Functional Groups
17 January 2008
Luminescent Attribute
4 March 2008
Polydisperse Attribute
4 March 2008
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging
17 January 2008
Functional Agent that is chemically conjugated to chemical components on the surface of a nanoparticle, and that interacts with other agents or molecules that come in contact with the nanoparticle.
Surface Conjugated Agent
26 February 2008
28 February 2008
Intracellular_Nanoparticle-Drug_Delivery
Antineoplastic Drug
Antineoplastic Agent
26 February 2008
CHEBI:35610
MESH: D000970
NCI_THESAURUS: C274
3 March 2008
Drug Release With Magnetic Field
Drug release from a nanoparticle by virtue of interaction with magnetic field.
Amphiphilic Attribute
4 March 2008
12 February 2008
Nanoparticle Experiment Package
The core part of a dendrimer, which is formed by the core initiator group.
12 February 2008
Dendrimer Core
has_Process_Name
has_Process_Repetition
response_Is
Indicates the kind of response due to a stimulus on the nanoparticle.
has_Role
nanoparticle_Has_Shape
Indicates the shape of a nanoparticle.
has_Nanoparticle
Indicates the existence of any chemical component that can be identified as a nanoparticle in a nanoparticle formulation
.
has_Target
Indicates that a molecule is targeted by a targeting agent.
has_Processing_Condition
Indicates the existence of a chemical component that constitutes the chemical makeup of a nanoparticle.
has_Component
Indicates that something is a type of something else.
is_Type
linkage_Has_Interaction
Indicates the type of molecular interactions in a linkage.
Indicates the kind of purpose for having a stimulus on the nanoparticle.
purpose_Is
Indicates the physiological and/or non-physiological mechanism that forms the basis for designing a nanoparticle formulation to achieve the intended function.
nanoparticle_Functions_With_Mechanism
nanoparticle_Has_Role_In_Function_Or_Phenomenon
Indicates that a nanoparticle formulation has a role related to the expected or unexpected observation of a function or phenomenon.
stimulus_Has_Purpose
Indicates the existence of a purpose for having a stimulus on the nanoparticle.
Indicates that a chemical component or nanoparticle is part of a linkage.
component_Is_Part_Of_Linkage
has_Linkage_Role
Indicates that a chemical component in a nanoparticle formulation participates in a linkage
has_Input_Chemical
has_Output_Chemical
Indicates that a chemical component in a nanoparticle formulation, with the exception of nanoparticle, is identified as a chemical entity based on its structure and/or role.
component_Is_A
is_Part_Of
Indicates that something exists as part of something else.
Indicates the indended application of the nanoparticle formulation.
nanoparticle_Has_Application
has_Process_Rate
Indicates the type of linkage.
linkage_Is_Type
Indicates the property of the nanoparticle or any other chemical component in a nanoparticle formulation, which contribute to the functionality and application of the nanoparticle formulation.
has_Attribute
Indicates the stimulus that is needed to trigger the functionality of the nanoparticle.
nanoparticle_Functions_With_Stimulus
Indicates the region where a chemical component is located with respect to a nanoparticle in the nanoparticle formulation.
Previous label was component_Has_Location_In
component_Has_Location
nanoparticle_Has_Physical_Site
Indicates a region or location in a nanoparticle.
has_Part
Indicates the type of a nanoparticle.
nanoparticle_Is_Type
stimulus_Causes_Response
Indicates the existence of a response due to a stimulus on the nanoparticle.
Indicates the physical state of a nanoparticle formulation.
nanoparticle_Has_Physical_State
Upper_Limit_Quantity
Process_Step_Number
Generation_Type
Indicates the number of a generation layer in a dendrimer.
Unit
Lower_Limit_Quantity
Name
Quantity
last_Modified
Indicates the date that a term was last modified by the curator.
Indicates the definition of a term in the NPO.
definition
preferred_Name
Indicates the preferred name for a term in the NPO.
Indicates the alternative name of a term in the NPO.
synonym
Indicates the ID of a term in the NPO.
term_ID
dBXref_ID
Indicates the database reference id of a term that exists in an external source.