format-version: 1.0 version: $Revision: 1.33 $ date: 10:06:2008 14:21 saved-by: cwt6 auto-generated-by: DAG-Edit 1.419 rev 3 default-namespace: plant_ontology [Term] id: PO:0001000 name: meristem eloboration namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. the root meristem gets organized" [GR:ap] comment: This term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0001002 name: fruit development stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of a fruit defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features. " [POC:curators] synonym: "stage 17 flower in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "stage 18 flower in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007021 ! plant structure development stages [Term] id: PO:0001003 name: formation of the leaf founder cells namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The initial stage of leaf development where cells in the SAM are already determined to form a leaf primordium\, but the primordium itself is not distinguishable morphologically." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "P0 stage" [] is_a: PO:0001051 ! 1 leaf initiation stage [Term] id: PO:0001004 name: anther developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the anther defined by characteristic morphological\, cytological\, histological or other visible features." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0007605 ! androecium developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001005 name: A archesporial cells visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "An initial stage during which archesporial cells arise in four corners of L2 layer. Change in shape of primordia to more oval." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001004 ! anther developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001006 name: B enlarged microsporocyte stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which the microsporocytes become conspicuous." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "pollen stage 2 in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001007 name: pollen developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the pollen defined by characteristic morphological\, cytological\, histological or other visible features." [POC:fz] synonym: "pollen development in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007605 ! androecium developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001008 name: C callose wall formation in pollen mother cells namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which diploid pollen mother cells become separated from each other and from tapetum by a callose wall." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "pollen mother cell stage" [] synonym: "pollen stage 3 in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001009 name: D pollen mother cell meiosis stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which pollen mother cells undergo meiosis to form tetrads of microspores." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "pollen stage 4 in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001010 name: F microspore release stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of microgametophyte development during which the callose wall between the tetrads breaks down and haploid microspores are released and lie freely in locules. " [TAIR:ki] synonym: "pollen stage 5 in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001011 name: A microsporogenous mass stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "An initial stage during which the archesporial cells divide to give rise to primary parietal and sporogenous cells." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "pollen stage 1 in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001012 name: G early unicellular microspore stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of microgametophyte development during which the microspores round up and small vacuoles appear in their cytoplasm. The microspore walls thicken due to the formation of the exine." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "pollen stage 6 in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001013 name: H late unicellular microspore stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of microgametophyte development during which a large vacuole is formed in each microspore causing a rapid increase in size and a displacement of the nucleus to one side." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "pollen stage 7 in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001014 name: I first mitotic division stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of microgametophyte development during which the asymmetric\, first mitotic division of the microspores occurs producing a large vegetative cell and small generative cell\, located near pollen wall." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "pollen stage 8 in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001015 name: K second mitotic division stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of microgametophyte development during which the generative cell undergoes mitotic division to form two male gametes\, the sperm cells." [TAIR:ki] comment: In taxa with mature two-celled pollen\, the second mitotic division takes place after pollen germination\, in germinating pollen tube. synonym: "pollen stage 9 in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001016 name: L mature pollen stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of microgametophyte development during which the pollen reaches mature stage and desiccates. " [TAIR:ki] comment: Mature pollen stages is reached at three-celled pollen in some angiosperms (maize\, rice and Arabidopsis)\, while in others\, the maturepollen has two haploid cells (tobacco\, snapdragon). synonym: "pollen stage 10 in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001017 name: M germinated pollen stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The final stage in the life cycle of the male gametophyte. Upon rehydration\, mature pollen grain forms a tubular outgrowth\, the pollen tube\, which carries the male gametes." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "germinated pollen grain in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001018 name: B formation of primary parietal and sporogenous cells namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which the primary parietal and primary sporogenous layers are derived from archesporial cells." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001004 ! anther developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001019 name: formation of leaf primordium namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of leaf development when leaf primordium is formed as a small protrusion on the flank of SAM." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "P1 stage" [] is_a: PO:0001052 ! 2 leaf expansion stage [Term] id: PO:0001020 name: hood-shaped primordium namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of leaf development when a hood-shaped primordium is formed\, partially enclosing P1 and SAM\, as in Poaceae." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "P2 stage" [] is_a: PO:0001052 ! 2 leaf expansion stage [Term] id: PO:0001021 name: formation of ligule primordium namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of leaf development when conical P3 leaf completely encloses SAM\, and the ligule primordium is visible\, as in Poaceae. " [TAIR:ki] synonym: "P3 stage" [] is_a: PO:0001052 ! 2 leaf expansion stage [Term] id: PO:0001023 name: rapid elongation of leaf blade namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of leaf development during which a rapid elongation of the leaf blade occurs; the elongation of the leaf sheath has not started\, as in Poaceae." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "P4 stage" [] is_a: PO:0001052 ! 2 leaf expansion stage [Term] id: PO:0001024 name: rapid elongation of leaf sheath namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of leaf development during which a rapid elongation of the leaf sheath occurs\, as in Poaceae." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "P5 stage" [] is_a: PO:0001052 ! 2 leaf expansion stage [Term] id: PO:0001025 name: C four anther lobes formed namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which the four-lobed anther pattern with two developing stomium regions (notch) are formed." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001004 ! anther developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001026 name: D locules established namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which the four clearly defined locules are established. All anther cell types present and microspore mother cells appear." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "stage 8 flower in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001004 ! anther developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001027 name: meristamtic zone formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The meristematic zone is formed" [GR:ap ""] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0001028 name: elongation zone formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The cells of root primordium undergo elonagtion" [GR:ap ""] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0001029 name: E tetrad stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage immediately following meiosis\, during which the tetrads of microspores are still hold together\, enclosed by the callose wall. " [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001030 name: specialization zone formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The cells develop their characteristic morphology." [GR:ap ""] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0001031 name: 4 root elongation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which root is elongating." [POC:cuartors] comment: In some plant species this stage is subdivided into distal and proximal elongating zones. synonym: "Benfey's stage 2 of root development" [] is_a: PO:0007520 ! root development stages [Term] id: PO:0001032 name: E tapetum degeneration initiated namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which degeneration of the tapetum is initiated\, as the deposition on the surface of the microspore primexine proceeds." [TAIR:ki] comment: Microspores within single locule are at unicellular stage. is_a: PO:0001004 ! anther developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001034 name: F bilocular anther stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which anther becomes bilocular\, after degeneration and breakage of septum below stomium." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001004 ! anther developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001035 name: G anther dehiscence namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which the dehiscence of anthers occurs. Anther breaks along stomium and pollen is released." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001004 ! anther developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001036 name: H anther senescence namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which the senescence of anther and stamen occurs. Shrinkage of cells and anther structure takes place." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001004 ! anther developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001040 name: dry seed stage alt_id: PO:0007055 namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Mature seed with low moisture content." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "00 Dry Seed in soybean" [SOY:0000009] synonym: "1.01-dry seed in Tricticeae" [GRO:0007052] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 00" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "dry seed in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000213] is_a: PO:0001170 ! seed development stages xref_unknown: GRO:0007052 xref_unknown: ISBN:3826331524 xref_unknown: SOY:0000009 xref_unknown: TAIR:0000213 [Term] id: PO:0001041 name: chalazal and micropylar domain establishment namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The initial stage of endosperm development during which the chalazal and micropilar domains are established." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0007633 ! endosperm development stages [Term] id: PO:0001042 name: functional specialization of the endosperm namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of endosperm development during which the functional specialization of the maturing endosperm occurs." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0007633 ! endosperm development stages [Term] id: PO:0001044 name: sepal differentiation and expansion stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of calyx development defined by differentiation and expansion of sepal." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0007603 ! calyx developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001045 name: fully expanded sepal namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of calyx development when sepal is fully expanded." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0007603 ! calyx developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001047 name: lemma developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the lemma defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features." [GR:ap, POC:fz] is_a: PO:0007600 ! 3 floral organ development stages [Term] id: PO:0001048 name: palea developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the palea defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features." [GR:ap, POC:fz] is_a: PO:0007600 ! 3 floral organ development stages [Term] id: PO:0001049 name: lodicule developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the lodicule defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features." [GR:ap, POC:fz] is_a: PO:0007600 ! 3 floral organ development stages [Term] id: PO:0001050 name: leaf development stages alt_id: PO:0007040 namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of a leaf defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features. " [TAIR:tb, POC:curators] synonym: "leaf development in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "leaf development stage" [] is_a: PO:0007021 ! plant structure development stages [Term] id: PO:0001051 name: 1 leaf initiation stage alt_id: PO:0001003 namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The earliest histological evidence of leaf initiation\, i.e\, a change in the orientation of cell division both in the epidermis and in internal layers of the shoot meristem occurs at this stage (Poethig S\, 1997\, Plant Cell 9\:1077-1087)." [PMID:9254931] comment: Cells in the primordium are not yet differentiated. synonym: "leaf initiation in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001050 ! leaf development stages [Term] id: PO:0001052 name: 2 leaf expansion stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of leaf development which begins when cell differentiation and cell expansion occurs and finishes when the leaf reaches its full size.\n" [TAIR:ki] synonym: "leaf expansion stage in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001050 ! leaf development stages [Term] id: PO:0001053 name: 3 leaf fully expanded namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of leaf development when leaf is fully expanded." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "fully expanded leaf stage in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001050 ! leaf development stages [Term] id: PO:0001054 name: 4 leaf senescence stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The final stage of leaf development when the leaf ceases metabolic activity and senesces." [TAIR:tb] synonym: "leaf senescence stage in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001050 ! leaf development stages [Term] id: PO:0001055 name: lemma primordia visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of lemma development that begins when the lemma primordia arise." [POC:fz] comment: The lemma primordium forms in 1/2 alternate phylotaxy in rice spikelet. is_a: PO:0001047 ! lemma developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001056 name: lemma differentiation and expansion stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of lemma development defined by differentiation and expansion of lemma." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0001047 ! lemma developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001057 name: fully expanded lemma namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of lemma development when lemma is fully expanded." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0001047 ! lemma developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001058 name: palea primordia visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of palea development that begins when the palea primordia arise." [POC:fz] comment: The palea primordium forms in 1/2 alternate phylotaxy in rice spikelet. is_a: PO:0001048 ! palea developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001059 name: J bicellular pollen stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of microgametophyte development during which the small generative cell moves inward\, becoming completely surrounded by the cytoplasm of the vegetative cell. " [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001007 ! pollen developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001070 name: palea differentiation and expansion stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of palea development defined by differentiation and expansion of palea." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0001048 ! palea developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001071 name: fully expanded palea namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of palea development when palea is fully expanded." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0001048 ! palea developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001072 name: lodicule primordia visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of lodicule development that begins when the lodicule primordia arise." [POC:fz] comment: Two lodicules form on the side of the lemma in rice spikelet. is_a: PO:0001049 ! lodicule developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001074 name: N second mitotic division stage in germinating pollen namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of microgametophyte development during which the generative cell undergoes a mitotic division to form two male gametes\, the sperm cells." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001017 ! M germinated pollen stage [Term] id: PO:0001077 name: lodicule differentiation and expansion stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of lodicule development defined by differentiation and expansion of lodicule." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0001049 ! lodicule developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001078 name: E expanded cotyledon stage alt_id: PO:0001076 namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage during which embryo axis and cotyledons rapidly elongate as a result of cell division and cell expansion." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "curled cotyledon stage in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "torpedo stage in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007631 ! embryo development stages [Term] id: PO:0001079 name: fully expanded lodicule namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of lodicule development when lodicule is fully expanded." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0001049 ! lodicule developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0001081 name: F mature embryo stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage at which the embryo is fully developed. " [TAIR:ki, APWeb:glossary] comment: In some taxa\, this occurs some time after the ripe fruit stage and after the dispersal of the seed. synonym: "mature (stage) in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007631 ! embryo development stages [Term] id: PO:0001083 name: inflorescence development stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of an inflorescence defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features. " [POC:curators] is_a: PO:0007021 ! plant structure development stages [Term] id: PO:0001094 name: coleoptilar stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The coleoptilar primordium\, SAM and radicle are formed in the embryo of grasses." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "SAM and radicle formation stage" [] is_a: PO:0007631 ! embryo development stages [Term] id: PO:0001095 name: true leaf formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "During this stage\, the protrusion of the first leaf primordia takes place in succession." [TAIR:ki] comment: Not all embryos form true leaves during the embryonic development; this occurs post-embryonically in some taxa. is_a: PO:0007631 ! embryo development stages [Term] id: PO:0001096 name: primary endosperm cell stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "One cell stage that takes place following the fertilization\, produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and one or more polar nuclei." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0007633 ! endosperm development stages [Term] id: PO:0001097 name: A zygotic stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "One cell stage that results from fertilization." [PO:KI] synonym: "one cell stage" [] synonym: "zygote in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007631 ! embryo development stages [Term] id: PO:0001098 name: formation of starchy endosperm namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. Stage of endosperm development during wich the formation of starchy endosperm occurs." [TAIR:ki] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0001099 name: formation of aleurone and starchy layers namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Differentiation of aleurone layer\, the outermost endosperm tissue\, and the internal starchy tissue." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001042 ! functional specialization of the endosperm [Term] id: PO:0001170 name: seed development stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of seed development\, from fertilization to the dry or quiescent state." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "seed development in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007021 ! plant structure development stages [Term] id: PO:0001180 name: B proembryo stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Early embryo development from two cell stage to a multicellular globular stage before three main tissue systems are differentiated." [TAIR:ki, APWeb:glossary] synonym: "eight-celled stage in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "two-celled stage in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007631 ! embryo development stages [Term] id: PO:0001185 name: C globular stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "During this stage the embryo proper retains radial symmetry (increasing in diameter)\, and three main tissue systems are established." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "dermatogen stage in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "globular stage in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "late globular stage in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "mid-globular stage in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007631 ! embryo development stages [Term] id: PO:0001378 name: sepals enclosing meristem namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of calyx development that begins when the developing sepals overlie the floral meristem." [ISBN:0387940898] synonym: "stage 4 flower in Arabidopsis " [] is_a: PO:0001044 ! sepal differentiation and expansion stage [Term] id: PO:0001380 name: sepals enclosing floral bud namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of calyx development that begins when the sepals enclose the floral bud." [ISBN:0387940898] synonym: "stage 6 flower in Arabidopsis " [] is_a: PO:0001044 ! sepal differentiation and expansion stage [Term] id: PO:0004500 name: formation of leaflet primordia namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage at which leaflet primordia are initiated on the leaf primordium of a compound leaf." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001052 ! 2 leaf expansion stage [Term] id: PO:0004501 name: gynoecium differentiation and expansion namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of gynoecium development defined by differentiation and expansion of carpels." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0007606 ! gynoecium developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0004502 name: closure of carpel(s) namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of gynoecium development defined by the closure of the carpel(s).\n" [TAIR:ki] comment: Closure of the carpel can occur in various ways\, by fusion or secretion. is_a: PO:0007606 ! gynoecium developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0004503 name: stigma cell differentiation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Epidermal cells at the top of developing style differentiate stigma." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0007606 ! gynoecium developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0004504 name: ovule differentiation and expansion namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of ovule development defined by differentiation and expansion of ovules." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0007619 ! ovule developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0004505 name: fertilized ovule stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The earliest stage of seed development immediately following double fertilization." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001170 ! seed development stages [Term] id: PO:0004506 name: developing seed stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of seed development characterized by seed growth and differentiation." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001170 ! seed development stages [Term] id: PO:0004507 name: D bilateral stage alt_id: PO:0001043 alt_id: PO:0001177 namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Change from radial to bilateral symmetry takes place during this embryonic stage." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "heart stage in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "heart-shape stage" [] synonym: "transition stage in maize" [] synonym: "triangle stage in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007631 ! embryo development stages [Term] id: PO:0007001 name: FR.01 early stage of fruit ripening namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The early stage in fruit ripening." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "09-dough development" [GRO:0007110] synonym: "7 linear grain-filling in maize" [MaizeGDB:64632] synonym: "7.03-early dough in maize" [GRO:0007034] synonym: "7.3 early dough stage/embryo 3 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67374] synonym: "8.03 Early ripening in soybean" [SOY:0000086] synonym: "8.1-early dough stage in rice" [GRO:0007152] synonym: "9.01-early dough" [GRO:0007111] synonym: "9.01-early dough in barley" [GRO:0007111] synonym: "9.01-early dough in oat" [GRO:0007111] synonym: "9.01-early dough in wheat" [GRO:0007111] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 83" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "FR.01 early stage of fruit ripening in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000048] synonym: "R4 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67374] synonym: "dough stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67374] synonym: "early dough stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67374] synonym: "early dough\, kernel content soft\, about 45% dry matter" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "embryo stage 3 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67374] synonym: "rice growth stage-8.1" [GRO:0007152] synonym: "tomato turning stage" [SGN:0000048] is_a: PO:0007010 ! 6 ripening [Term] id: PO:0007002 name: IE.03 3/4 of inflorescence emerged from flag leaf sheath namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which 3/4 of inflorescence has emerged from flag leaf sheath." [GR:ap] synonym: "6.04-3/4 of inflorescence emerged in barley" [GRO:0007099] synonym: "6.04-3/4 of inflorescence emerged in oat" [GRO:0007099] synonym: "6.04-3/4 of inflorescence emerged in wheat" [GRO:0007099] synonym: "70% of panicle emerged in rice" [] is_a: PO:0007041 ! inflorescence emergence from flag leaf sheath [Term] id: PO:0007003 name: IL.03 full inflorescence length reached namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage when the inflorescence reaches full length." [GR:ap] synonym: "4.04 full inflorescence length reached in soybean" [SOY:0000070] is_a: PO:0007047 ! 3 inflorescence visible [Term] id: PO:0007004 name: 3 rapid growth stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE.The stage at which the plant grows rapidly by either or both stem elongation and expansion of the rosette/foliage. " [GR:ap ""] comment: Many stages like leaf production PO\:0007112\, axillary shoot formation PO\:0007073\, inflorescence PO\:0007047 often overlap with this stage is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007005 name: IL.02 1/2 inflorescence length reached namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage when 1/2 Inflorescence is visible. " [GR:ap] synonym: "4.03 1/2 of inflorescence length reached in soybean" [SOY:0000069] is_a: PO:0007047 ! 3 inflorescence visible [Term] id: PO:0007006 name: IL.00 inflorescence just visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Inflorescence just visible to the naked eye." [Poc:curators] synonym: "4.01 Inflorescence just visible in soybean" [SOY:0000067] synonym: "visible flower buds in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000420] is_a: PO:0007047 ! 3 inflorescence visible [Term] id: PO:0007007 name: FF.03 fruit size 70% namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage when the size of the fruit is about 70% of final fruit size." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "7.07 Pod 70% of final length in soybean" [SOY:0000082] synonym: "8.02-early milk in barley" [GRO:0007107] synonym: "8.02-early milk in oat" [GRO:0007107] synonym: "8.02-early milk in wheat" [GRO:0007107] synonym: "FF.03 fruit size 70% in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000044] synonym: "Zadok scale-73\, Haun scale-13" [GRO:0007107] synonym: "early milk stage" [GRO:0007107] synonym: "early milk stage in maize" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "late milk" [GRO:0007109] synonym: "tomato immature green" [SGN:0000044] is_a: PO:0007042 ! 5 fruit formation [Term] id: PO:0007008 name: IE.02 1/2 of inflorescence emerged from flag leaf sheath namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which 1/2 of inflorescence has emerged from flag leaf sheath." [GR:ap] synonym: "08-heading" [GRO:0007131] synonym: "6.03-1/2 of inflorescence emerged in barley" [GRO:0007098] synonym: "6.03-1/2 of inflorescence emerged in oat" [GRO:0007098] synonym: "6.03-1/2 of inflorescence emerged in wheat" [GRO:0007098] synonym: "first individual flowers visible" [] synonym: "half bloom" [GRO:0007131] synonym: "middle of heading" [] synonym: "middle of panicle emergence in rice" [] synonym: "sorghum growth stage-7" [GRO:0007131] is_a: PO:0007041 ! inflorescence emergence from flag leaf sheath [Term] id: PO:0007009 name: FF.01 fruit size 30% namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage when the size of the fruit is about 30% of final fruit size." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "7.02 Pod 30% of final length in soybean" [SOY:0000080] synonym: "FF.01 fruit size 30% in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000042] synonym: "tomato immature green" [SGN:0000042] is_a: PO:0007042 ! 5 fruit formation [Term] id: PO:0007010 name: 6 ripening namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Maturation of the fruit." [Poc:curators] comment: Although the use of stages like dough or particular ripening stages properly refer to the development of an individual fruit\, they are commonly used as here to extrapolate to a growth of a whole plant or a group of plants. synonym: "08-dough stage in rice" [GRO:0007042] synonym: "09-dough development in barley" [GRO:0007110] synonym: "09-dough development in oat" [GRO:0007110] synonym: "09-dough development in wheat" [GRO:0007110] synonym: "10-dough stage in sorghum" [GRO:0007132] synonym: "6 ripening in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000046] synonym: "8 Bean Development in soybean" [SOY:0000078] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 8" [] synonym: "dough stage" [GRO:0007132] synonym: "dough stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67379] synonym: "dough stage kernels yellowish\, about 55% dry matter" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "fruit maturity" [] synonym: "fruit ripening" [] synonym: "kernel ripening" [] synonym: "maturity of fruit and seed" [] synonym: "rice growth stage-8" [] synonym: "silique ripening in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000034] is_a: PO:0007130 ! B reproductive growth [Term] id: PO:0007012 name: inflorescence visible (sensu Poaceae) namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which grass plant is producing inflorescence(s)." [Poc:curators] comment: There is no one-to-one correspondence between growth stages of inflorescences formation in members of Poaceae with that of other families. synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 4" [ISBN:3826331524] is_a: PO:0007047 ! 3 inflorescence visible [Term] id: PO:0007013 name: BO.03 late boot stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The flag leaf sheath swollen." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] comment: In rice the flag leaf sheath is more than 10cm out of the penultimate leaf sheath. synonym: "5.2-late booting stage in rice" [GRO:0007150] synonym: "flag leaf sheath swollen" [] synonym: "rice growth stage-5.2" [GRO:0007150] is_a: PO:0007014 ! booting [Term] id: PO:0007014 name: booting namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage characterized by a swelling of the flag leaf sheath\, caused by an increase in the size of the inflorescence as it grows up the leaf sheath." [GR:pj ""] synonym: "05-booting in barley" [GRO:0007090] synonym: "05-booting in oat" [GRO:0007090] synonym: "05-booting in wheat" [GRO:0007090] synonym: "05-booting stage" [GRO:0007148] synonym: "07-boot stage in sorghum" [GRO:0007130] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 40" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "development of vegetatively propogated organs" [] synonym: "rice growth stage-5" [GRO:0007148] synonym: "sorghum growth stage-6" [GRO:0007130] is_a: PO:0007012 ! inflorescence visible (sensu Poaceae) [Term] id: PO:0007015 name: radicle emergence alt_id: PO:0007507 namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the radicle or root emerges from seed." [ISBN:3826331524, GR:ap] synonym: "0.02-radicle emergence from seed in maize" [GRO:0007005] synonym: "0.2 radicle emergence from seed in maize" [MaizeGDB:67351] synonym: "05 radicle emergence from seed coat in soybean" [SOY:0000011] synonym: "1.04-radicle emerged from seed in Triticeae" [GRO:0007055] synonym: "1.04-radicle emerged from seed in barley" [GRO:0007055] synonym: "1.04-radicle emerged from seed in oat" [GRO:0007055] synonym: "1.04-radicle emerged from seed in wheat" [GRO:0007055] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 05" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-5" [GRO:0007055] synonym: "maize growth stage-0.2" [GRO:0007005] synonym: "radicle emergence" [] synonym: "radicle emergence in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:T0000395] synonym: "radicle emergence in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000006] is_a: PO:0007510 ! root emergence relationship: part_of PO:0007131 ! seedling growth [Term] id: PO:0007016 name: 4 flowering namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which any flower(s) on the plant are open." [Poc:curators] comment: This stage refers to the whole plant. synonym: "07-anthesis in barley" [GRO:0007101] synonym: "07-anthesis in oat" [GRO:0007101] synonym: "07-anthesis in wheat" [GRO:0007101] synonym: "09-flowering in sorghum" [GRO:0007153] synonym: "4 flowering in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000034] synonym: "5 flowering in maize" [MaizeGDB:13811] synonym: "5.01-anthesis in maize " [GRO:0007021] synonym: "5.02-silking in maize" [GRO:0007022] synonym: "5.1 anthesis in maize" [MaizeGDB:67361] synonym: "5.2 silking in maize" [MaizeGDB:67362] synonym: "6 Flowering in soybean" [SOY:0000006] synonym: "6.1-flowering stage in rice" [GRO:0007151] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 6" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "R1 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67362] synonym: "VT in maize" [MaizeGDB:67361] synonym: "anthesis in maize" [MaizeGDB:67361] synonym: "anthesis stage" [GRO:0007151] synonym: "flowering in maize" [MaizeGDB:13811] synonym: "pollen shed in maize" [MaizeGDB:67361] synonym: "rice growth stage-6.1" [GRO:0007151] synonym: "silk emergence in maize" [MaizeGDB:67362] synonym: "sorghum growth stage 8" [GRO:0007153] is_a: PO:0007130 ! B reproductive growth [Term] id: PO:0007017 name: C senescence namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The processes that occur near the end of a plant's active life that are associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes\, loss of functional chloroplasts\, and an overall decline in metabolism. " [Poc:curators] synonym: "10.03-kernel loosening in daytime in Triticeae" [GRO:0007117] synonym: "10.03-kernel loosening in daytime in barley" [GRO:0007117] synonym: "10.03-kernel loosening in daytime in oat" [GRO:0007117] synonym: "10.03-kernel loosening in daytime in wheat" [GRO:0007117] synonym: "10.04-overripe\, straw dead and collapsing in Triticeae" [GRO:0007118] synonym: "10.04-overripe\, straw dead and collapsing in barley" [GRO:0007118] synonym: "10.04-overripe\, straw dead and collapsing in oat" [GRO:0007118] synonym: "10.04-overripe\, straw dead and collapsing in wheat" [GRO:0007118] synonym: "9 Senescence in soybean" [SOY:0000008] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 9" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "C senescence in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000052] synonym: "senescence in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000035] is_a: PO:0007033 ! whole plant growth stages [Term] id: PO:0007018 name: BO.01 early boot stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The flag leaf sheath has started to extend." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] comment: In rice the flag leaf sheath is 5cm out of the penultimate leaf sheath. Upper part of the stem is slightly thickened. synonym: "5.01-flag leaf sheath extending in barley" [GRO:0007091] synonym: "5.01-flag leaf sheath extending in oat" [GRO:0007091] synonym: "5.01-flag leaf sheath extending in wheat" [GRO:0007091] synonym: "5.1-early booting stage in rice" [GRO:0007149] synonym: "flag leaf sheath extending" [GRO:0007091] synonym: "rice growth stage-5.1" [GRO:0007149] is_a: PO:0007014 ! booting [Term] id: PO:0007019 name: BO.05 flag leaf sheath opened namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The first awns are visible and the flag leaf sheath has opened. " [ISBN:3826331524, GR:ap] comment: Awns will be visible only in those species and varieties where they are known to be present. synonym: "5.04-flag leaf sheath extending in barley" [GRO:0007094] synonym: "5.04-flag leaf sheath extending in oat" [GRO:0007094] synonym: "5.04-flag leaf sheath extending in wheat" [GRO:0007094] synonym: "first awns visible" [GRO:0007094] is_a: PO:0007014 ! booting [Term] id: PO:0007021 name: plant structure development stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The succession of changes during the development of plant parts." [POC:curators] is_a: PO:0009012 ! plant growth and development stages [Term] id: PO:0007022 name: imbibition namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Absorption of water by the seed." [ISBN:0306416875, GR:ap] synonym: "0.1 imbibition in maize" [MaizeGDB:64054] synonym: "01 Beginning of seed imbibition in soybean" [SOY:0000090] synonym: "03 Seed imbibition complete in soybean" [SOY:0000091] synonym: "1.02-start of imbibition in Triticeae" [GRO:0007053] synonym: "1.02-start of imbibition in barley" [GRO:0007053] synonym: "1.02-start of imbibition in oat" [GRO:0007053] synonym: "1.02-start of imbibition in wheat" [GRO:0007053] synonym: "1.03-imbibition complete in Tricticeae" [GRO:0007054] synonym: "1.03-imbibition complete in barley" [GRO:0007054] synonym: "1.03-imbibition complete in oat" [GRO:0007054] synonym: "1.03-imbibition complete in wheat" [GRO:0007054] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 01" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "imbibition in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000394] synonym: "imbibition in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000004] relationship: part_of PO:0007057 ! 0 germination [Term] id: PO:0007023 name: IE.04 inflorescence fully emerged from flag leaf sheath namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the inflorescence has fully emerged from the flag leaf sheath." [GR:ap] synonym: "6.05-emergence of inflorescence completed in barley" [GRO:0007100] synonym: "6.05-emergence of inflorescence completed in oat" [GRO:0007100] synonym: "6.05-emergence of inflorescence completed in wheat" [GRO:0007100] synonym: "end of panicle emergence in rice" [] is_a: PO:0007041 ! inflorescence emergence from flag leaf sheath [Term] id: PO:0007024 name: FL.04 end of flowering namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which flowering is complete." [GR:ap] comment: This stage refers to the whole plant. synonym: "6.09 End of flowering in soybean" [SOY:0000076] synonym: "7.03-anthesis completed in barley" [GRO:0007104] synonym: "7.03-anthesis completed in oat" [GRO:0007104] synonym: "7.03-anthesis completed in wheat" [GRO:0007104] synonym: "FL.04 end of flowering in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000039] synonym: "Zadok scale-69\, Haun scale-11.6" [GRO:0007104] synonym: "anthesis completed" [] synonym: "flowering complete" [] synonym: "fruit set visible" [] synonym: "late reproductive" [] is_a: PO:0007016 ! 4 flowering [Term] id: PO:0007025 name: IE.00 inflorescence tip just visible above flag leaf sheath namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the inflorescence tip is just visible above flag leaf sheath" [GR:ap] synonym: "6.01-first spikelet of inflorescence visible in barley" [GRO:0007096] synonym: "6.01-first spikelet of inflorescence visible in oat" [GRO:0007096] synonym: "6.01-first spikelet of inflorescence visible in wheat" [GRO:0007096] synonym: "Zadok scale-50\, Feekes scale-10.1\, Haun scale-10.2" [GRO:0007096] synonym: "beginning of heading" [] synonym: "beginning of panicle emergence in rice" [] synonym: "beginning of tassel emergence in maize" [] synonym: "first flower buds visible" [] synonym: "first spikelet visible" [GRO:0007096] synonym: "visible flower buds" [] is_a: PO:0007041 ! inflorescence emergence from flag leaf sheath [Term] id: PO:0007026 name: FL.00 first flower(s) open namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the first flower(s) open." [GR:pj] comment: These first flowers are not necessarily the oldest flowers in the inflorescence. In some cereal plants the flowering starts in the middle of the inflorescence. This stage refers to the whole plant. synonym: "6.00 1st flowers on main stem open in soybean" [SOY:0000072] synonym: "7.01-anthesis beginning in Triticeae" [GRO:0007102] synonym: "7.01-anthesis beginning in barley" [GRO:0007102] synonym: "7.01-anthesis beginning in oat" [GRO:0007102] synonym: "7.01-anthesis beginning in wheat" [GRO:0007102] synonym: "FL.00 first flower(s) open in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000035] synonym: "Stage R1 Open flower at any node on the main stem" [SOY:0000072] synonym: "first open flower in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000421] is_a: PO:0007016 ! 4 flowering [Term] id: PO:0007027 name: FF.04 final fruit size namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage when the size of the fruit has reached the final fruit size." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "7.09 Pod full size in soybean" [SOY:0000084] synonym: "8.03-medium milk in barley" [GRO:0007108] synonym: "8.03-medium milk in oat" [GRO:0007108] synonym: "8.03-medium milk in wheat" [GRO:0007108] synonym: "8.04-late milk in barley" [GRO:0007109] synonym: "8.04-late milk in oat" [GRO:0007109] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 75" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 79" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "FF.04 final fruit size in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000045] synonym: "Kernels in middle of cob yellowish-white" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Stage R4 Full pod in soybean" [SOY:0000084] synonym: "kernel content milky\, 40% dry matter" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "nearly all kernels have reached final size" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "tomato mature green" [SGN:0000045] is_a: PO:0007042 ! 5 fruit formation [Term] id: PO:0007028 name: BO.04 flag leaf sheath opening namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The flag leaf sheath starts opening." [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "5.03-flag leaf sheath extending in barley" [GRO:0007093] synonym: "5.03-flag leaf sheath extending in oat" [GRO:0007093] synonym: "5.03-flag leaf sheath extending in wheat" [GRO:0007093] synonym: "Zadok scale-47" [GRO:0007093] is_a: PO:0007014 ! booting [Term] id: PO:0007029 name: FF.02 fruit size 50% namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage when the size of the fruit is about 50% of final fruit size." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "7.01-blister stage in maize" [GRO:0007030] synonym: "7.03 Pod 50% of final length in soybean" [SOY:0000081] synonym: "8.01-kernel watery ripe in barley" [GRO:0007106] synonym: "8.01-kernel watery ripe in oat" [GRO:0007106] synonym: "8.01-kernel watery ripe in wheat" [GRO:0007106] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 71" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "FF.02 fruit size 50% in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000043] synonym: "R2 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67372] synonym: "Stage R4 Full pod in soybean" [SOY:0000081] synonym: "Zadok scale-71\, Feekes scale-10.54\, Haun scale-12.1" [GRO:0007106] synonym: "beginning of grain development\, kernels at blister stage\, 16% dry matter" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "blister stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67372] synonym: "caryopsis watery ripe" [GRO:0007106] synonym: "kernel watery ripe" [GRO:0007106] synonym: "tomato immature green" [SGN:0000043] synonym: "watery ripe" [GRO:0007106] is_a: PO:0007042 ! 5 fruit formation [Term] id: PO:0007030 name: shoot emergence namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Shoot or leaf breaks through soil surface." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "07 shoot emergence in soybean" [SOY:0000012] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 09" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "shoot emergence in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000007] relationship: part_of PO:0007131 ! seedling growth [Term] id: PO:0007031 name: FR.02 mid stage of fruit ripening namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage when fruit ripening is midway." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "10.01-soft dough in sorghum" [GRO:0007133] synonym: "7.4 late dough stage/embryo 4 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67379] synonym: "8.05 Mid ripening in soybean" [SOY:0000087] synonym: "9.02-soft dough in barley" [GRO:0007112] synonym: "9.02-soft dough in oat" [GRO:0007112] synonym: "9.02-soft dough in wheat" [GRO:0007112] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 85" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "DNA degradation (endosperm) in maize" [MaizeGDB:67373] synonym: "FR.02 mid stage of fruit ripening in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000049] synonym: "R3 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67373] synonym: "Stage R6 Full seed in soybean" [SOY:0000087] synonym: "Zadok scale-85\, Feekes scale-11.2" [GRO:0007112] synonym: "dough stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67379] synonym: "embryo stage 4 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67379] synonym: "soft dough" [GRO:0007112] synonym: "tomato orange fruit" [SGN:0000049] is_a: PO:0007010 ! 6 ripening [Term] id: PO:0007032 name: FF.00 fruit size 10% namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage when the size of the fruit is about 10% of final fruit size." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "7.01 Pod 10% of final length in soybean" [SOY:0000079] synonym: "FF.00 fruit size 10% in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000041] synonym: "stage R3 in soybean" [SOY:0000079] synonym: "tomato immature green" [SGN:0000041] is_a: PO:0007042 ! 5 fruit formation [Term] id: PO:0007033 name: whole plant growth stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The succession of changes during the growth of the whole plant." [GR:pj ""] synonym: "Solanaceae whole plant growth stages" [SGN:0000001] synonym: "cereal plant ontology " [GRO:0080001] synonym: "maize growth stage" [GRO:0007002] synonym: "plant growth stage ontology" [GRO:0007199] synonym: "plant growth stages in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000021] synonym: "rice growth stage" [GRO:0007040] synonym: "sorghum growth stage" [GRO:0007124] synonym: "wheat\, barley and oat growth stage" [GRO:0007156] is_a: PO:0009012 ! plant growth and development stages [Term] id: PO:0007034 name: FL.01 1/4 of flowers open namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which 1/4 of flowers open" [GR:ap] comment: This stage refers to the whole plant. synonym: "6.02 1/4 of flowers on the main stem open in soybean" [SOY:0000073] synonym: "FL.01 1/4 of flowers open in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000036] is_a: PO:0007016 ! 4 flowering [Term] id: PO:0007035 name: 7-8 fruit formation and maturation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE\: This stage refers to the developmental and physiological changes that occur in the whole plant after fertilization and during fruit development\, maturation\, and provisioning. " [Poc:curators] comment: We have chosen to use fruit size as a marker of these physiological processes to represent the whole plant growth stage. synonym: "06-post-flowering in maize" [GRO:0007025] synonym: "5.3 pollination in maize" [MaizeGDB:67364] synonym: "5.4 fertilization in maize" [MaizeGDB:67365] synonym: "6 post-flowering/lag phase in maize" [MaizeGDB:67370] synonym: "7 Pod Formation in soybean" [SOY:0000077] synonym: "7 linear grain-filling in maize" [MaizeGDB:64632] synonym: "7-8 Fruit Formation and Maturation in soybean" [SOY:0000007] synonym: "7.01-blister stage in maize" [GRO:0007030] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 7" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "C-embryo stage in rice" [GRO:0007141] synonym: "R1in maize" [MaizeGDB:67370] synonym: "double fertilization in maize" [MaizeGDB:67365] synonym: "effective filling period in maize" [MaizeGDB:64632] synonym: "first silique shattered" [] synonym: "grain-filling in maize" [MaizeGDB:64632] synonym: "kernel watery ripe" [GRO:0007106] synonym: "lag phase in maize" [MaizeGDB:67370] synonym: "post-flowering in maize" [MaizeGDB:67370] synonym: "proembryo in maize" [MaizeGDB:67370] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007036 name: FR.00 beginning of fruit ripening namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which fruit maturation begins." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "8.01 Beginning of bean ripening in soybean" [SOY:0000085] synonym: "FR.00 beginning of fruit ripening in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000047] synonym: "beginning of fruit coloration" [] synonym: "first silique shattered" [] is_a: PO:0007010 ! 6 ripening [Term] id: PO:0007037 name: inflorescence bifurcation stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of inflorescence development marked by the formation of two\, oftern equal-sized\, inflorescence meristems from one inflorescence meristem." [POC:curators] is_a: PO:0001083 ! inflorescence development stages [Term] id: PO:0007038 name: FR.04 fruit ripening complete namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which fruit ripening is complete." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "10-ripening in Triticeae" [GRO:0007114] synonym: "10-ripening in barley" [GRO:0007114] synonym: "10-ripening in oat" [GRO:0007114] synonym: "10-ripening in wheat" [GRO:0007114] synonym: "10.01-kernel medium hard" [GRO:0007115] synonym: "10.02-kernel hard" [GRO:0007116] synonym: "8.09 Final ripening in soybean" [SOY:0000089] synonym: "9.02 dry kernel in maize" [GRO:0007037] synonym: "9.2 dry kernel in maize" [MaizeGDB:67381] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 89" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "FR.04 fruit ripening complete in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000051] synonym: "dry kernel in maize" [MaizeGDB:67381] synonym: "dry seed in maize" [MaizeGDB:67381] synonym: "fully ripe" [] synonym: "fully ripe grain hard\, difficult to divide by thumbnail in rice" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "fully ripe kernels hard and shiny about 65% dry matter in maize" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "tomato fully red ripe fruit" [SGN:0000051] is_a: PO:0007010 ! 6 ripening [Term] id: PO:0007039 name: leaf trichome development stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of a trichome defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features" [GR:cwt] is_a: PO:0001050 ! leaf development stages [Term] id: PO:0007041 name: inflorescence emergence from flag leaf sheath namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the inflorescence emerges from the flag leaf sheath." [GR:ap] synonym: "06-heading stage in rice" [GRO:0007044] synonym: "06-inflorescence emergence in barley" [GRO:0007095] synonym: "06-inflorescence emergence in oat" [GRO:0007095] synonym: "06-inflorescence emergence in wheat" [GRO:0007095] synonym: "08-heading in sorghum" [GRO:0007131] synonym: "half bloom in sorghum" [GRO:0007131] synonym: "heading" [GRO:0007095] synonym: "rice growth stage-6" [GRO:0007044] synonym: "sorghum growth stage-7" [GRO:0007131] synonym: "tasseling" [] is_a: PO:0007012 ! inflorescence visible (sensu Poaceae) [Term] id: PO:0007042 name: 5 fruit formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Formation of the seed-bearing structure after flowering." [Poc:curators] comment: Although the use of stages like milk or particular fruit sizes properly refer to the development of an individual fruit\, they are commonly used as here to extrapolate to a growth of a whole plant or a group of plants. synonym: "07-milk stage in rice" [GRO:0007046] synonym: "08-milk development in barley" [GRO:0007105] synonym: "08-milk development in oat" [GRO:0007105] synonym: "08-milk development in wheat" [GRO:0007105] synonym: "5 fruit formation in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000040] synonym: "6.01-dilatory in maize" [GRO:0007026] synonym: "6.02-exponential in maize" [GRO:0007027] synonym: "6.1 dilatory in maize" [MaizeGDB:67371] synonym: "6.2 exponential in maize" [MaizeGDB:67369] synonym: "Zadok scale-70" [GRO:0007105] synonym: "dilatory in maize" [MaizeGDB:67371] synonym: "exponential in maize" [MaizeGDB:67369] synonym: "free nuclear in maize" [MaizeGDB:67371] synonym: "milk grain" [] synonym: "milk stage in rice" [GRO:0007046] synonym: "mitotic in maize" [MaizeGDB:67369] synonym: "proembryo in maize" [MaizeGDB:67371] synonym: "rice growth stage-7" [GRO:0007046] synonym: "transition stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67369] is_a: PO:0007130 ! B reproductive growth [Term] id: PO:0007043 name: hypocotyl emergence namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Emergence of the hypocotyl above ground." [GR:ap, ISBN:0306416875] comment: Occurs in plants with epigeal germination. synonym: "0.07.01 Cotyledons and hypocotyl emerge in soybean" [SOY:0000013] synonym: "0.07.02 Hypocotyl emerges above soil in soybean" [SOY:0000092] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 08" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "hypocotyl and cotyledon emergence in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000396] synonym: "hypocotyl emergence in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000010] is_a: PO:0007030 ! shoot emergence [Term] id: PO:0007044 name: BO.02 mid boot stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The flag leaf sheath is just visibly swollen. " [ISBN:3826331524, GR:ap] comment: In rice the flag leaf sheath is 5-10cm out of the penultimate leaf sheath. synonym: "5.02-flag leaf sheath extending in barley" [GRO:0007092] synonym: "5.02-flag leaf sheath extending in oat" [GRO:0007092] synonym: "5.02-flag leaf sheath extending in wheat" [GRO:0007092] synonym: "Zadok scale-45\, Feekes scale-10\, Haun scale-9.2" [GRO:0007092] synonym: "flag leaf sheath just visibly swollen" [] is_a: PO:0007014 ! booting [Term] id: PO:0007045 name: coleoptile emergence namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Emergence of coleoptile above ground." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "0.3 coleoptile emergence from seed in maize" [MaizeGDB:67352] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 09" [ISBN:3826331524] is_a: PO:0007030 ! shoot emergence [Term] id: PO:0007046 name: IL.01 1/4 inflorescence length reached namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage when 1/4 Inflorescence is visible. " [GR:ap] synonym: "4.02 1/4 of inflorescence length reached in soybean" [SOY:0000068] is_a: PO:0007047 ! 3 inflorescence visible [Term] id: PO:0007047 name: 3 inflorescence visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which plant is producing inflorescence(s)." [Poc:curators] synonym: "3 inflorescence visible in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000033] synonym: "4 Inflorescence Formation in soybean" [SOY:0000005] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 5" [ISBN:3826331524] is_a: PO:0007130 ! B reproductive growth [Term] id: PO:0007048 name: IE.01 1/4 of inflorescence emerged from flag leaf sheath namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which 1/4 of inflorescence has emerged from flag leaf sheath." [GR:ap] synonym: "30% of panicle emerged in rice" [] synonym: "6.02-1/4 of inflorescence emerged in barley" [GRO:0007097] synonym: "6.02-1/4 of inflorescence emerged in oat" [GRO:0007097] synonym: "6.02-1/4 of inflorescence emerged in wheat" [GRO:0007097] synonym: "Zadok scale-53\, Feekes scale-10.2" [GRO:0007097] is_a: PO:0007041 ! inflorescence emergence from flag leaf sheath [Term] id: PO:0007049 name: cotyledon emergence alt_id: PO:0007069 namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Emergence of cotyledons above ground." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] comment: This cannot be used in plants with hypogeal germination. synonym: "01-seedling emergence in sorghum" [GRO:0007125] synonym: "1.00 Cotyledon visible in soybean" [SOY:0000014] synonym: "1.00 imperfect leaf unrolled" [] synonym: "1.01-seedling emergence in maize" [GRO:0007008] synonym: "1.1 seedling emergence in maize" [MaizeGDB:64057] synonym: "2.01-first leaf through coleoptile in Triticeae" [GRO:0007059] synonym: "2.01-first leaf through coleoptile in barley" [GRO:0007059] synonym: "2.01-first leaf through coleoptile in oat" [GRO:0007059] synonym: "2.01-first leaf through coleoptile in wheat" [GRO:0007059] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 09" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 10" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "LP.00 cotyledon visible" [] synonym: "VE in maize" [MaizeGDB:64057] synonym: "VE stage in soybean" [SOY:0000014] synonym: "Zadok scale-10\, Feekes scale-1" [GRO:0007059] synonym: "cotyledon emergence in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000008] synonym: "cotyledons fully open in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000397] synonym: "first leaf through coleoptile (sensu Oryza)" [] synonym: "first leaf through coleoptile (sensu Triticeae)" [GRO:0007059] synonym: "hypocotyl and cotyledon emergence in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000396] synonym: "maize growth stage-1.1" [GRO:0007008] synonym: "seedling emergence (sensu Sorghum)" [GRO:0007125] synonym: "sorghum growth stage-0" [GRO:0007125] is_a: PO:0007030 ! shoot emergence [Term] id: PO:0007050 name: FR.03 late stage of fruit ripening namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The late stage of fruit ripening." [GR:ap, ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "09-maturity in maize" [GRO:0007037] synonym: "10.02-hard dough in sorghum" [GRO:0007134] synonym: "8 leveling off of grain-filling/embryo 5 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67382] synonym: "8.07 Late ripening in soybean" [SOY:0000088] synonym: "8.2-hard dough stage in rice" [GRO:0007154] synonym: "9 maturity in maize" [MaizeGDB:11088] synonym: "9.03-hard dough in barley" [GRO:0007113] synonym: "9.03-hard dough in oat" [GRO:0007113] synonym: "9.03-hard dough in wheat" [GRO:0007113] synonym: "9.1 physiological maturity/embryo 6 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67380] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 87" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "FR.03 late stage of fruit ripening in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000050] synonym: "R5 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67382] synonym: "R6 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67380] synonym: "Stage R7 Beginning maturity in soybean" [SOY:0000088] synonym: "Zadok scale-87\, Haun scale-15" [GRO:0007113] synonym: "attenuative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67382] synonym: "black layer in maize" [MaizeGDB:67380] synonym: "dent stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67382] synonym: "embryo stage 5 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67382] synonym: "embryo stage 6 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67380] synonym: "hard dough" [] synonym: "late dough grain in rice" [GRO:0007154] synonym: "late dough stage in rice" [GRO:0007154] synonym: "leveling off of dry matter accumulation" [MaizeGDB:67382] synonym: "physiological maturity\, black dot\, about 60% dry matter in maize" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "rice growth stage-8.2" [GRO:0007154] synonym: "sorghum growth stage-10" [GRO:0007134] synonym: "storage maturity in maize" [MaizeGDB:67381] synonym: "tomato red firm fruit" [SGN:0000050] is_a: PO:0007010 ! 6 ripening [Term] id: PO:0007051 name: BO.00 booting begins namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Booting has just begun." [ISBN:3826331524, GR:ap] is_a: PO:0007014 ! booting [Term] id: PO:0007052 name: FL.03 3/4 of flowers open namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which 3/4 of flowers open." [GR:ap] comment: This stage refers to the whole plant. synonym: "6.02 3/4 of flowers on main stem open in soybean" [SOY:0000074] synonym: "FL.03 3/4 of flowers open in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000038] synonym: "Stage R2 Open flower at one of the two uppermost nodes on the main stem with fully developed leaf in soybean" [SOY:0000074] synonym: "flowering finishing" [] is_a: PO:0007016 ! 4 flowering [Term] id: PO:0007053 name: FL.02 1/2 of flowers open namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which 1/2 of flowers open." [GR:ap] comment: This stage refers to the whole plant. synonym: "6.02 1/2 of flowers on main stem open in soybean" [SOY:0000094] synonym: "7.02-anthesis half-way in barley" [GRO:0007103] synonym: "7.02-anthesis half-way in oat" [GRO:0007103] synonym: "7.02-anthesis half-way in wheat" [GRO:0007103] synonym: "FL.02 1/2 of flowers open in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000037] synonym: "Haun scale-11.5" [GRO:0007103] synonym: "full flowering" [] is_a: PO:0007016 ! 4 flowering [Term] id: PO:0007054 name: epicotyl emergence namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Emergence of the epicotyl above ground." [ISBN:0306416875, GR:ap] comment: Only the first true foliage leaf or pair of leaves are visible. Occurs in plants with hypogeal germination. is_a: PO:0007030 ! shoot emergence [Term] id: PO:0007056 name: 1 pattern formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "trichome initiation stage that determine numbers of trichome are formed" [GR:cwt] relationship: part_of PO:0007039 ! leaf trichome development stage [Term] id: PO:0007057 name: 0 germination namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The resumption of growth by the embryo in a seed." [ISBN:047124529, GR:ap] synonym: "0 Germination in soybean" [SOY:0000001] synonym: "0 germination in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000003] synonym: "0 germination in maize" [MaizeGDB:64055] synonym: "00-germination in maize" [GRO:0007003] synonym: "01-germination in Triticeae" [GRO:0007051] synonym: "01-germination in barley" [GRO:0007051] synonym: "01-germination in oat" [GRO:0007051] synonym: "01-germination in rice" [GRO:0007043] synonym: "01-germination in wheat" [GRO:0007051] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 0" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "germination in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000393] synonym: "maize growth stage-0" [GRO:0007003] synonym: "rice growth stage-1" [GRO:0007043] is_a: PO:0007134 ! A vegetative growth [Term] id: PO:0007058 name: 2 endoreduplication namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "the stage trichome nuclei continue to replicate their DNA after mitosis and cytokinesis have ceased\, and as a consequence have a DNA content much greater than 2C" [GR:cwt] relationship: part_of PO:0007039 ! leaf trichome development stage [Term] id: PO:0007059 name: 3 branch formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "ths stage trichome develops branches " [GR:cwt] relationship: part_of PO:0007039 ! leaf trichome development stage [Term] id: PO:0007060 name: obsolete growth and development terms namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007061 name: 2.00 main shoot only namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] synonym: "3.01-main shoot only in Triticeae" [GRO:0007087] synonym: "3.01-main shoot only in barley" [GRO:0007087] synonym: "3.01-main shoot only in oat" [GRO:0007087] synonym: "3.01-main shoot only in wheat" [GRO:0007087] synonym: "Zadok scale-20" [GRO:0007087] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007062 name: SE.06 six nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which six nodes or six internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.06 6 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000055] synonym: "4.07-sixth node detectable in barley" [GRO:0007087] synonym: "4.07-sixth node detectable in oat" [GRO:0007087] synonym: "4.07-sixth node detectable in wheat" [GRO:0007087] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 36" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-36" [GRO:0007087] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007063 name: LP.07 seven leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at seven nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.07 6th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000021] synonym: "2.08-seven leaves unfolded in Triticeae" [GRO:0007066] synonym: "2.08-seven leaves unfolded in barley" [GRO:0007066] synonym: "2.08-seven leaves unfolded in oat" [GRO:0007066] synonym: "2.08-seven leaves unfolded in wheat" [GRO:0007066] synonym: "3.01-ear initiation" [GRO:0007013] synonym: "3.1 ear initiation/mid-whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "6-8 leaves in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "7 leaves unfolded" [] synonym: "7 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000410] synonym: "7-leaf in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 17" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "LP.07 seven leaves visible in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000019] synonym: "Stage V6 in soybean" [SOY:0000021] synonym: "V7 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "Zadok scale-\, Haun scale-6.+" [GRO:0007066] synonym: "ear initiation in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.1" [GRO:0007013] synonym: "mid-whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "seven leaves unfolded (sensu Triticeae)" [GRO:0007066] synonym: "seven rosette leaves" [] synonym: "seventh leaf unfolded" [] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007064 name: LP.12 twelve leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at twelve nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.12 11th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000026] synonym: "12 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000415] synonym: "3.03-mid-vegetative" [GRO:0007013] synonym: "3.3 mid-vegetative" [MaizeGDB:67359] synonym: "3.3 mid-vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007013] synonym: "Stage V11 in soybean" [SOY:0000026] synonym: "V12 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67359] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.3" [GRO:0007013] synonym: "mid-vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67359] synonym: "mid-vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007013] synonym: "twelve leaves unfolded" [] synonym: "twelve rosette leaves" [] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007065 name: LP.05 five leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at five nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "02-tassel initiation in maize" [GRO:0007011] synonym: "04-five leaf stage in sorghum" [GRO:0007127] synonym: "1.05 4th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000019] synonym: "2 tassel initiation/early whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "2.06-five leaves unfolded in Triticeae" [GRO:0007064] synonym: "2.06-five leaves unfolded in barley" [GRO:0007064] synonym: "2.06-five leaves unfolded in oat" [GRO:0007064] synonym: "2.06-five leaves unfolded in wheat" [GRO:0007064] synonym: "4-6 leaves in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "5 leaves unfolded" [] synonym: "5 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000408] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 15" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "LP.05 five leaves visible in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000017] synonym: "Stage V4 in soybean" [SOY:0000019] synonym: "V5 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "Zadok scale-15\, Haun scale-4.+" [GRO:0007064] synonym: "early whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "fifth leaf unfolded" [] synonym: "five leaf stage (sensu Sorghum)" [GRO:0007127] synonym: "five leaves unfolded (sensu Triticeae)" [GRO:0007064] synonym: "five rosette leaves" [] synonym: "maize growth stage-2" [GRO:0007011] synonym: "rice growth stage-3" [GRO:0007049] synonym: "sorghum growth stage-3" [GRO:0007127] synonym: "tassel differentiation in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "tassel initiation in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007066 name: SE.09 nine nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which nine nodes or nine internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.09 9 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000058] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 39" [ISBN:3826331524] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007067 name: LP.17 seventeen leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at seventeen nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.17 16th trifoliate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000031] synonym: "3.04-late vegetative" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "Stage V16 in soybean" [SOY:0000031] synonym: "V17 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "maize V17 stage" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.4" [GRO:0007016] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007068 name: mid rosette growth namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Rosette has reached approximately 50% of its final diameter." [Poc:curators] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "mid rosette growth in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000044] is_a: PO:0007113 ! rosette growth [Term] id: PO:0007070 name: SE.08 eight nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which eight nodes or eight internodes are visible." [GR:ap] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.08 8 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000057] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 38" [ISBN:3826331524] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007071 name: 2.02 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at two nodes namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at two nodes are visible." [GR:ap] comment: The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node. synonym: "2.02 Main shoot and axillary shoots visible at 2 nodes in soybean" [SOY:0000041] synonym: "2.02 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at two nodes in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000024] synonym: "3.03-main shoot and two tillers" [GRO:0007072] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 22" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-22" [GRO:0007072] synonym: "main shoot and 2 tillers" [GRO:0007072] synonym: "main shoot and second tiller visible" [GRO:0007072] synonym: "main shoot and two tillers in barley" [GRO:0007072] synonym: "main shoot and two tillers in oat" [GRO:0007072] synonym: "main shoot and two tillers in wheat" [GRO:0007072] synonym: "second axillary shoot detectable" [] synonym: "second tiller detectable" [] is_a: PO:0007073 ! 2 formation of axillary shoot [Term] id: PO:0007072 name: LP.18 eighteen leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at eighteen nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.18 17th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000032] synonym: "3.04-late vegetative" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "Stage V17 in soybean" [SOY:0000032] synonym: "V18 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "maize V18 stage" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.4" [GRO:0007016] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007073 name: 2 formation of axillary shoot namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the axillary shoots are forming." [Poc:curators] synonym: "03-tillering in barley" [GRO:0007069] synonym: "03-tillering in oat" [GRO:0007069] synonym: "03-tillering in wheat" [GRO:0007069] synonym: "03-tillering stage in rice" [GRO:0007049] synonym: "2 axillary Shoot Formation in soybean" [SOY:0000003] synonym: "2 formation of axillary shoot in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000022] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 2" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "formation of side shoot" [] synonym: "rice growth stage-3" [GRO:0007049] synonym: "tillering" [] is_a: PO:0007134 ! A vegetative growth [Term] id: PO:0007074 name: SE.15 fifteen nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which fifteen nodes or fifteen internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.15 15 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000064] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007075 name: 5.02 20% of inflorescence emerged. namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007076 name: late rosette growth namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Rosette has reached approximately 70% of its final diameter." [Poc:curators] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "late rosette growth in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000045] is_a: PO:0007113 ! rosette growth [Term] id: PO:0007077 name: 2.08 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at eight nodes namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at eight nodes are visible." [GR:ap] comment: The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node. synonym: "2.08 Main shoot and axillary shoots visible at 8 nodes in soybean" [SOY:0000047] synonym: "2.08 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at eight nodes in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000030] synonym: "3.09-main shoot and eight tillers" [GRO:0007078] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 28" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-28" [GRO:0007078] synonym: "eighth axillary shoot detectable" [] synonym: "eighth tiller detectable" [] synonym: "main shoot and 8 tillers" [] synonym: "main shoot and eight tillers in barley" [GRO:0007078] synonym: "main shoot and eight tillers in oat" [GRO:0007078] synonym: "main shoot and eight tillers in wheat" [GRO:0007078] synonym: "main shoot and eighth tiller visible" [] is_a: PO:0007073 ! 2 formation of axillary shoot [Term] id: PO:0007078 name: rosette growth complete namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage at which rosette no longer increases in diameter\, its leaf growth and expansion having ceased." [Poc:curators] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "complete rosette in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000418] is_a: PO:0007113 ! rosette growth [Term] id: PO:0007079 name: SE.00 stem elongation begins namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the internodes begin to elongate. " [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.00 stem elongation begins in soybean" [SOY:0000049] synonym: "4.01-pseudo stem erection in barley" [GRO:0007081] synonym: "4.01-pseudo stem erection in oat" [GRO:0007081] synonym: "4.01-pseudo stem erection in wheat" [GRO:0007081] synonym: "4.1-panicle initiation stage" [GRO:0007147] synonym: "4.2-panicle differentiation stage" [GRO:0007041] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 30" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "pseudo stem and tillers erect" [] synonym: "pseudo stem erection" [] synonym: "rice green ring stage" [] synonym: "rice panicle initiation" [] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007080 name: 2.03 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at three nodes namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at three nodes are visible." [GR:ap] comment: The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node. synonym: "2.03 Main shoot and axillary shoots visible at 3 nodes in soybean" [SOY:0000042] synonym: "2.03 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at three nodes in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000025] synonym: "3.04-main shoot and three tillers" [GRO:0007073] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 23" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-23" [GRO:0007073] synonym: "main shoot and 3 tillers" [] synonym: "main shoot and third tiller visible" [] synonym: "main shoot and three tillers in barley" [GRO:0007073] synonym: "main shoot and three tillers in oat" [GRO:0007073] synonym: "main shoot and three tillers in wheat" [GRO:0007073] synonym: "third axillary shoot detectable" [] synonym: "third tiller detectable" [] is_a: PO:0007073 ! 2 formation of axillary shoot [Term] id: PO:0007081 name: early rosette growth namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Rosette has reached approximately 20% of its final diameter." [Poc:curators] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "early rosette growth in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000043] is_a: PO:0007113 ! rosette growth [Term] id: PO:0007082 name: LP.20 twenty or more leaves whorls visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at twenty or more nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.20 19th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000034] synonym: "1.21 20th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000035] synonym: "1.22 21st trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000036] synonym: "1.23 22nd trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000037] synonym: "1.24 23rd trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000038] synonym: "1.25 25 or more trifoliolate leaves unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000039] synonym: "3.04-late vegetative" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "Stage V20 in soybean" [SOY:0000035] synonym: "Stage V21 in soybean" [SOY:0000036] synonym: "Stage V22 in soybean" [SOY:0000037] synonym: "Stage V23 in soybean" [SOY:0000038] synonym: "Stage V25 in soybean" [SOY:0000039] synonym: "V20 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "maize V20 stage" [] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.4" [GRO:0007016] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007083 name: LP.13 thirteen leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at thirteen nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.13 12th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000027] synonym: "13 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000416] synonym: "3.03-mid-vegetative" [GRO:0007015] synonym: "3.3 mid-vegetative" [MaizeGDB:67359] synonym: "3.3 mid-vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007015] synonym: "Stage V12 in soybean" [SOY:0000027] synonym: "V13 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67359] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.3" [GRO:0007015] synonym: "mid-vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67359] synonym: "mid-vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007015] synonym: "thirteen leaves unfolded" [] synonym: "thirteen rosette leaves" [] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007084 name: SE.10 ten nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which ten nodes or ten internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.10 10 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000059] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007085 name: LP.14 fourteen leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at fourteen nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.14 13th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000028] synonym: "14 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000417] synonym: "3.03-mid-vegetative" [GRO:0007015] synonym: "3.3 mid-vegetative" [MaizeGDB:67359] synonym: "3.3 mid-vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007015] synonym: "Stage V13 in soybean" [SOY:0000028] synonym: "V14 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67359] synonym: "fourteen leaves unfolded" [] synonym: "fourteen rosette leaves" [] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.3" [GRO:0007015] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007086 name: SE.05 five nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which five nodes or five internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.05 5 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000054] synonym: "4.06-fifth node detectable in barley" [GRO:0007086] synonym: "4.06-fifth node detectable in oat" [GRO:0007086] synonym: "4.06-fifth node detectable in wheat" [GRO:0007086] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 35" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-35" [GRO:0007086] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007087 name: 2.01 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at one node namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoot(s) at one node is (are) visible." [Poc:curators] synonym: "2.01 Main shoot and axillary shoot visible at one node in soybean" [SOY:0000040] synonym: "2.01 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at one node in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000023] synonym: "3.02-main shoot and one tiller" [GRO:0007071] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 21" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-21\, Feekes scale-2" [GRO:0007071] synonym: "first axillary shoot detectable" [] synonym: "first tiller detectable" [] synonym: "main shoot and 1 tiller" [] synonym: "main shoot and first tiller visible" [] synonym: "main shoot and one tiller in barley" [GRO:0007071] synonym: "main shoot and one tiller in oat" [GRO:0007071] synonym: "main shoot and one tiller in wheat" [GRO:0007071] is_a: PO:0007073 ! 2 formation of axillary shoot [Term] id: PO:0007088 name: 2.04 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at four nodes namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at four nodes are visible." [GR:ap] comment: The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node. synonym: "2.04 Main shoot and axillary shoots visible at 4 nodes in soybean" [SOY:0000043] synonym: "2.04 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at four nodes in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000026] synonym: "3.05-main shoot and four tillers" [GRO:0007074] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 24" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-24" [GRO:0007074] synonym: "fourth axillary shoot detectable" [] synonym: "fourth tiller detectable" [] synonym: "main shoot and 4 tillers" [] synonym: "main shoot and four tillers in barley" [GRO:0007074] synonym: "main shoot and four tillers in oat" [GRO:0007074] synonym: "main shoot and four tillers in wheat" [GRO:0007074] synonym: "main shoot and fourth tiller visible" [] is_a: PO:0007073 ! 2 formation of axillary shoot [Term] id: PO:0007089 name: stem elongation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the internodes elongate. " [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "04-stem elongation in barley" [GRO:0007080] synonym: "04-stem elongation in oat" [GRO:0007080] synonym: "04-stem elongation in wheat" [GRO:0007080] synonym: "04-stem elongation stage in Triticeae" [GRO:0007080] synonym: "05-growing point differentiation" [] synonym: "3 Stem Elongation in soybean" [SOY:0000004] synonym: "3 rapid stem elongation in maize" [MaizeGDB:67358] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 3" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "crop cover in potato" [SGN:0000054] synonym: "internode elongation" [] synonym: "jointing stage" [GRO:0007048] synonym: "rapid stem elongation" [] synonym: "rice growth stage-4" [GRO:0007048] synonym: "shoot development" [] synonym: "sorghum growth stage-4" [GRO:0007128] synonym: "stem elongation in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000054] is_a: PO:0007112 ! 1 main shoot growth [Term] id: PO:0007090 name: SE.13 thirteen nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which thirteen nodes or thirteen internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.13 13 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000062] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007091 name: SE.01 one node or internode visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which one node or one internode is visible. " [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.01 one node visible in soybean" [SOY:0000050] synonym: "4.02-first node detectable in barley" [GRO:0007082] synonym: "4.02-first node detectable in oat" [GRO:0007082] synonym: "4.02-first node detectable in wheat" [GRO:0007082] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 31" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-31\, Feekes scale-6" [GRO:0007082] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007092 name: SE.04 four nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which four nodes or four internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.04 4 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000053] synonym: "4.05-fourth node detectable in barley" [GRO:0007085] synonym: "4.05-fourth node detectable in oat" [GRO:0007085] synonym: "4.05-fourth node detectable in wheat" [GRO:0007085] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 34" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-34" [GRO:0007085] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007093 name: 2.05 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at five nodes namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at five nodes are visible." [GR:ap] comment: The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node. synonym: "2.05 Main shoot and axillary shoots visible at 5 nodes in soybean" [SOY:0000044] synonym: "2.05 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at five nodes in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000027] synonym: "3.06-main shoot and five tillers in Triticeae" [GRO:0007075] synonym: "3.06-main shoot and five tillers in barley" [GRO:0007075] synonym: "3.06-main shoot and five tillers in oat" [GRO:0007075] synonym: "3.06-main shoot and five tillers in wheat" [GRO:0007075] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 25" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-25" [GRO:0007075] synonym: "fifth axillary shoot detectable" [] synonym: "fifth tiller detectable" [] synonym: "main shoot and 5 tillers" [] synonym: "main shoot and fifth tiller visible" [] synonym: "main shoot and five tillers in barley" [GRO:0007075] synonym: "main shoot and five tillers in oat" [GRO:0007075] synonym: "main shoot and five tillers in wheat" [GRO:0007075] is_a: PO:0007073 ! 2 formation of axillary shoot [Term] id: PO:0007094 name: LP.01 one leaf visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at one node\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [Poc:curators, GR:ap] comment: In the taxa with hypogeal type germination the first leaf on the epicotyl is leaf 1\, and in grasses\, the coleoptile is leaf 1. The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1-4 leaf stage in rice" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "1.01 Unifoliolate leaves unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000015] synonym: "1.02-one to two leaves in maize" [GRO:0007009] synonym: "1.2 1-2 leaves in maize" [Maize:67353] synonym: "2.02-first leaf unfolded in Triticeae" [GRO:0007060] synonym: "2.02-first leaf unfolded in barley" [GRO:0007060] synonym: "2.02-first leaf unfolded in oat" [GRO:0007060] synonym: "2.02-first leaf unfolded in wheat" [GRO:0007060] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 11" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "LP.01 one leaf visible in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000013] synonym: "V01 stage (sensu Zea)" [] synonym: "V1 in maize " [Maize:67353] synonym: "VC stage in soybean" [SOY:0000015] synonym: "Zadok scale-11\, Haun scale-1.+" [GRO:0007060] synonym: "maize growth stage-1.2" [GRO:0007009] synonym: "pre tillering" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "rice growth stage-2.1" [GRO:0007142] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007095 name: LP.08 eight leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at eight nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.08 7th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000022] synonym: "2.09-eight leaves unfolded in Triticeae" [GRO:0007067] synonym: "2.09-eight leaves unfolded in barley" [GRO:0007067] synonym: "2.09-eight leaves unfolded in oat" [GRO:0007067] synonym: "2.09-eight leaves unfolded in wheat" [GRO:0007067] synonym: "3.01-ear initiation in Maize" [GRO:0007013] synonym: "3.1 ear initiation/mid-whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "8 leaves unfolded" [] synonym: "8 rosette leaves in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000411] synonym: "8-leaf in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 18" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "LP.08 eight leaves visible in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000020] synonym: "Stage V7 in soybean" [SOY:0000022] synonym: "V8 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "Zadok scale-18\, Haun scale-7.+" [GRO:0007067] synonym: "ear initiation in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "eight leaf unfolded" [] synonym: "eight leaves unfolded (sensu Triticeae)" [GRO:0007067] synonym: "eight rosette leaves" [] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.1" [GRO:0007013] synonym: "mid-whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007096 name: SE.03 three nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which three nodes or three internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.03 3 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000052] synonym: "4.04-third node detectable in barley" [GRO:0007084] synonym: "4.04-third node detectable in oat" [GRO:0007084] synonym: "4.04-third node detectable in wheat" [GRO:0007084] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 33" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-33" [GRO:0007084] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007097 name: SE.14 fourteen nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which fourteen nodes or fourteen internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.14 14 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000063] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007098 name: LP.02 two leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at two nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [Poc:curators] comment: In grasses\, the plant has one leaf plus the coleoptile. The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1-4 leaf stage in rice" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "1.02 First trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000016] synonym: "1.02-one to two leaves in maize" [GRO:0007009] synonym: "1.2 1-2 leaves in maize" [MaizeGDB:67353] synonym: "2 leaves unfolded" [] synonym: "2 rosette leaves in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000398] synonym: "2.03-two leaves unfolded in Triticeae" [GRO:0007061] synonym: "2.03-two leaves unfolded in barley" [GRO:0007061] synonym: "2.03-two leaves unfolded in oat" [GRO:0007061] synonym: "2.03-two leaves unfolded in wheat" [GRO:0007061] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 12" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "LP.02 two leaves visible in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000014] synonym: "V1 stage in soybean" [SOY:0000016] synonym: "V2 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67353] synonym: "Zadok scale-12\, Haun scale-1.+" [GRO:0007061] synonym: "maize growth stage-1.2" [GRO:0007009] synonym: "pre tillering" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "rice growth stage-2.1" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "two leaves unfolded (sensu Triticeae)" [GRO:0007061] synonym: "two rosette leaves" [] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007099 name: SE.97 flag leaf visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the flag leaf is visible." [GR:ap] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "06-flag leaf visible in sorghum" [GRO:0007129] synonym: "4.08-flag leaf just visible in barley" [GRO:0007088] synonym: "4.08-flag leaf just visible in oat" [GRO:0007088] synonym: "4.08-flag leaf just visible in wheat" [GRO:0007088] synonym: "Zadok scale-37\, Feekes scale-8" [GRO:0007088] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007100 name: SE.16 sixteen or more nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which sixteen nodes or more\, or sixteen internodes or more are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.16 16 or more nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000065] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007101 name: LP.09 nine leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at nine nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.09 8th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000023] synonym: "10-leaf in maize" [MaizeGDB:67357] synonym: "2.10 nine or more leaves unfolded in Triticeae" [GRO:0007068] synonym: "2.10 nine or more leaves unfolded in barley" [GRO:0007068] synonym: "2.10 nine or more leaves unfolded in oat" [GRO:0007068] synonym: "2.10 nine or more leaves unfolded in wheat" [GRO:0007068] synonym: "3.02-late whorl stage" [GRO:0007014] synonym: "3.2 late whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67357] synonym: "9 or more leaves unfolded" [] synonym: "9 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000412] synonym: "9-11 leaves in maize" [MaizeGDB:67357] synonym: "9-leaf in maize" [MaizeGDB:67357] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 19" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "LP.09 nine or more leaves whorls visible" [SGN:0000021] synonym: "Stage V8 in soybean" [SOY:0000023] synonym: "V9 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67357] synonym: "Zadok scale-19" [GRO:0007068] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.2" [GRO:0007014] synonym: "nine rosette leaves" [] synonym: "ninth leaf unfolded" [] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007102 name: 5.04 40% of inflorescence emerged namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007103 name: LP.10 ten leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at ten nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground" [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "10 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000413] synonym: "10-leaf in maize" [MaizeGDB:67357] synonym: "3.02-late whorl stage" [GRO:0007014] synonym: "9-11 leaves in maize" [MaizeGDB:67357] synonym: "Stage V9 in soybean" [SOY:0000024] synonym: "V10 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67357] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.2" [GRO:0007014] synonym: "ten rosette leaves" [] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007104 name: LP.15 fifteen leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at fifteen nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.15 14th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000029] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "Stage V14 in soybean" [SOY:0000029] synonym: "V15 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.4" [GRO:0007016] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007105 name: 5.06 60% of inflorescence emerged namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007106 name: LP.03 three leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at three nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "02-three leaf stage in sorghum" [GRO:0007126] synonym: "1-4 leaf stage in rice" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "1.03 2nd trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000017] synonym: "1.03-three to four leaves in maize" [GRO:0007010] synonym: "1.3 3-4 leaves in maize" [Maize:25331] synonym: "2.04-three leaves unfolded" [GRO:0007062] synonym: "3 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000407] synonym: "3-leaf stage in maize" [Maize:25331] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 13" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "LP.03 three leaves visible in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000015] synonym: "V2 stage in soybean" [SOY:0000017] synonym: "V3 in maize" [Maize:25331] synonym: "Zadok scale-13\, Haun scale-2.+" [GRO:0007062] synonym: "maize growth stage-1.3" [GRO:0007010] synonym: "pre tillering" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "rice growth stage-2.1" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "sorghum growth stage-1" [GRO:0007126] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007107 name: 5.08 80% of inflorescence emerged namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007108 name: SE.07 seven nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which seven nodes or seven internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.07 7 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000056] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 37" [ISBN:3826331524] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007109 name: SE.99 maximum stem length reached namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which maximum stem length is reached." [GR:ap] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.99 Maximum stem length reached in soybean" [SOY:0000066] synonym: "4.09-flag leaf ligule/collar just visible in barley" [GRO:0007089] synonym: "4.09-flag leaf ligule/collar just visible in oat" [GRO:0007089] synonym: "4.09-flag leaf ligule/collar just visible in wheat" [GRO:0007089] synonym: "Zadok scale-39\, Feekes scale-9" [GRO:0007089] synonym: "flag leaf fully unrolled" [] synonym: "flag leaf stage" [] synonym: "flag leaf stage in sorghum" [GRO:0007089] synonym: "ligule just visible" [] synonym: "sorghum growth stage-5" [GRO:0007089] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007110 name: 2.09 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at nine or more nodes namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at nine nodes or more are visible." [GR:ap] comment: The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node. synonym: "2.09 Main shoot and axillary shoots visible at 9 or more nodes in soybean" [SOY:0000048] synonym: "2.09 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at nine or more nodes in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000031] synonym: "3.1-maximum tillering" [GRO:0007144] synonym: "3.10-main shoot and nine or more tillers in Triticeae" [GRO:0007079] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 29" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-29" [GRO:0007079] synonym: "main shoot and 9 or more tiller" [GRO:0007079] synonym: "main shoot and nine or more tillers in barley" [] synonym: "main shoot and nine or more tillers in oat" [] synonym: "main shoot and nine or more tillers in wheat" [] synonym: "maximum number of tillers detectable in" [] synonym: "maximum number of tillers visible" [] synonym: "maximum number of tillers visible in rice" [] synonym: "nine or more axillary shoots detectable" [] is_a: PO:0007073 ! 2 formation of axillary shoot [Term] id: PO:0007111 name: SE.12 twelve nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which twelve nodes or twelve internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.12 12 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000061] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007112 name: 1 main shoot growth namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which vegetative structures are being produced by SAM." [Poc:curators] comment: In monocots each leaf stage is defined according to the uppermost leaf whose collar is visible (Handbook of plant and crop physiology) synonym: "01-seedling stage of maize" [GRO:0007007] synonym: "02-seedling growth of barley" [GRO:0007058] synonym: "02-seedling growth of oat" [GRO:0007058] synonym: "02-seedling growth of wheat" [GRO:0007058] synonym: "02-seedling stage of rice" [GRO:0007047] synonym: "1 main shoot growth in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000011] synonym: "1 seedling in maize" [MaizeGDB:1863] synonym: "BBCH principal growth stage 1" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "maize growth stage-1.1" [GRO:0007007] synonym: "sorghum principal growth stage 1" [GRO:0007126] is_a: PO:0007134 ! A vegetative growth [Term] id: PO:0007113 name: rosette growth namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of growth based on expansion of the rosette in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:ki] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "rosette growth in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000042] is_a: PO:0007112 ! 1 main shoot growth [Term] id: PO:0007114 name: SE.11 eleven nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which eleven nodes or eleven internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.11 11 nodes/internodes visible in soybean" [SOY:0000060] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007115 name: LP.04 four leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at four nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "02-tassel initiation in maize" [GRO:0007011] synonym: "03-four leaf stage in sorghum" [GRO:0007143] synonym: "1-4 leaf stage in rice" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "1.03-three to four leaves in maize" [GRO:0007010] synonym: "1.04 3rd trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000018] synonym: "2 tassel initiation/early whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "2.05-four leaves unfolded in Triticeae" [GRO:0007063] synonym: "4 leaves unfolded" [] synonym: "4 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000399] synonym: "4-6 leaves in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 14" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "LP.04 four leaves visible in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000016] synonym: "Stage V3 in soybean" [SOY:0000018] synonym: "V4 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "Zadok scale-14\, Haun scale-3.+" [GRO:0007063] synonym: "early whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "four rosette leaves" [] synonym: "fourth leaf unfolded" [] synonym: "maize growth stage-2" [GRO:0007011] synonym: "pre tillering" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "rice growth stage-2.1" [GRO:0007142] synonym: "sorghum growth stage-2" [GRO:0007143] synonym: "tassel differentiation in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "tassel initiation in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007116 name: LP.11 eleven leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at eleven nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.11 10th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000025] synonym: "11 rosette leaves in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000414] synonym: "3.02-late whorl stage in maize" [GRO:0007014] synonym: "3.2 late whorl stage of maize" [GRO:0007014] synonym: "9-11 leaves in maize" [MaizeGDB:67357] synonym: "Stage V10 in soybean" [SOY:0000025] synonym: "V11 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67357] synonym: "eleven rosette leaves" [] synonym: "late whorl stage of maize" [GRO:0007014] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.2" [GRO:0007014] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007117 name: SE.02 two nodes or internodes visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which two nodes or two internodes are visible." [GR:pj ""] comment: A measure of vegetative growth\, but leaf production is to be preferred. synonym: "3.02 2 nodes/internode visible in soybean" [SOY:0000051] synonym: "4.03-second node detectable in barley" [GRO:0007083] synonym: "4.03-second node detectable in oat" [GRO:0007083] synonym: "4.03-second node detectable in wheat" [GRO:0007083] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 32" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-32\, Feekes scale-7" [GRO:0007083] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.1" [GRO:0007013] is_a: PO:0007089 ! stem elongation [Term] id: PO:0007118 name: 2.06 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at six nodes namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at six nodes are visible." [GR:ap] comment: The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node. synonym: "2.06 Main shoot and axillary shoots visible at 6 nodes in soybean" [SOY:0000045] synonym: "2.06 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at six nodes in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000028] synonym: "3.07-main shoot and six tillers" [GRO:0007076] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 26" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-26\, Feekes scale-3" [GRO:0007076] synonym: "main shoot and 6 tillers" [] synonym: "main shoot and six tillers in barley" [GRO:0007076] synonym: "main shoot and six tillers in oat" [GRO:0007076] synonym: "main shoot and six tillers in wheat" [GRO:0007076] synonym: "sixth axillary shoot detectable" [] synonym: "sixth tiller detectable" [] is_a: PO:0007073 ! 2 formation of axillary shoot [Term] id: PO:0007119 name: LP.16 sixteen leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at sixteen nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.16 15th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000030] synonym: "16 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000036] synonym: "3.04-late vegetative" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "Stage V15 in soybean" [SOY:0000030] synonym: "V16 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.4" [GRO:0007016] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007120 name: LP.19 nineteen leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at nineteen nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "1.19 18th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000033] synonym: "3.04-late vegetative" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "3.4 late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "Stage V18 in soybean" [SOY:0000033] synonym: "V19 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative in maize" [MaizeGDB:67360] synonym: "late vegetative stage of maize" [GRO:0007016] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.4" [GRO:0007016] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007121 name: 6.01 10% of flowers open namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007122 name: 2.07 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at seven nodes namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which main shoot and axillary shoots at seven nodes are visible." [GR:ap] comment: The axillary shoot can be a single shoot or a pair of axillary shoots at each node. synonym: "2.07 Main shoot and axillary shoots visible at 7 nodes in soybean" [SOY:0000046] synonym: "2.07 main shoot and axillary shoots visible at seven nodes in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000029] synonym: "3.08-main shoot and seven tillers" [GRO:0007077] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 27" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "Zadok scale-27" [GRO:0007077] synonym: "main shoot and 7 tillers" [] synonym: "main shoot and seven tillers in barley" [GRO:0007077] synonym: "main shoot and seven tillers in oat" [GRO:0007077] synonym: "main shoot and seven tillers in wheat" [GRO:0007077] synonym: "main shoot and seventh tiller visible" [] synonym: "seventh axillary shoot detectable" [] synonym: "seventh tiller detectable" [] is_a: PO:0007073 ! 2 formation of axillary shoot [Term] id: PO:0007123 name: LP.06 six leaves visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which leaves at six nodes\, other than the cotyledonary node\, are visible above ground." [GR:ap] comment: The leaves can be a single leaf\, two\, or whorls of leaves at each node. synonym: "03-tillering stage in rice" [GRO:0007049] synonym: "1.06 5th trifoliolate leaf unfolded in soybean" [SOY:0000020] synonym: "2 tassel initiation/early whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "2.07-six leaves unfolded in Triticeae" [GRO:0007065] synonym: "3.01-ear initiation in maize" [GRO:0007013] synonym: "3.1 ear initiation/mid-whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "6 leaves unfolded" [] synonym: "6 rosette leaf in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000409] synonym: "6-8 leaves in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "6-leaf in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "BBCH growth stage 16" [ISBN:3826331524] synonym: "LP.06 six leaves visible in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000018] synonym: "Stage V5 in soybean" [SOY:0000020] synonym: "V6 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "Zadok scale-16\, Haun scale-5.+" [GRO:0007065] synonym: "ear initiation in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "early whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67306] synonym: "maize growth stage-3.1" [GRO:0007012] synonym: "mid-whorl stage in maize" [MaizeGDB:67356] synonym: "rice growth stage-3" [GRO:0007049] synonym: "six leaves unfolded (sensu Triticeae)" [GRO:0007065] synonym: "six rosette leaves" [] synonym: "sixth leaf unfolded" [] is_a: PO:0007133 ! leaf production [Term] id: PO:0007124 name: 6.03 30% of flowers open namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007125 name: 6.04 40% of flowers open namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007126 name: 7.02 fruit size 20% namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007127 name: 7.04 fruit size 40% namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] synonym: "7.2 milk stage/embryo 2 in maize" [MaizeGDB:67373] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007128 name: 7.06 fruit size 60% namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007129 name: 7.08 fruit size 80% namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE" [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007130 name: B reproductive growth namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of growth when reproductive structures are being produced." [Poc:curators ""] synonym: "B reproductive growth in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000032] synonym: "B-reproductive stage in rice" [GRO:0007140] synonym: "reproductive in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000306] is_a: PO:0007033 ! whole plant growth stages [Term] id: PO:0007131 name: seedling growth namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Growth of embryo after imbibition up to the development of the first adult leaves." [Poc:curators ""] synonym: "seedling growth in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000005] synonym: "seedling in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000027] relationship: part_of PO:0007057 ! 0 germination [Term] id: PO:0007132 name: D dormancy namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "A suspension of physiological activity that can be reactivated once it is broken." [Poc:curators ""] synonym: "10.05-seed dormant in Triticeae" [GRO:0007119] synonym: "10.05-seed dormant in barley" [GRO:0007119] synonym: "10.05-seed dormant in oat" [GRO:0007119] synonym: "10.05-seed dormant in wheat" [GRO:0007119] synonym: "10.06-viable seed germination in Triticeae" [GRO:0007120] synonym: "10.06-viable seed germination in barley" [GRO:0007120] synonym: "10.06-viable seed germination in oat" [GRO:0007120] synonym: "10.06-viable seed germination in wheat" [GRO:0007120] synonym: "10.07-seed not dormant in Triticeae" [GRO:0007121] synonym: "10.07-seed not dormant in barley" [GRO:0007121] synonym: "10.07-seed not dormant in oat" [GRO:0007121] synonym: "10.07-seed not dormant in wheat" [GRO:0007121] synonym: "10.08-secondary dormancy induced in Triticeae" [GRO:0007122] synonym: "10.08-secondary dormancy induced in barley" [GRO:0007122] synonym: "10.08-secondary dormancy induced in oat" [GRO:0007122] synonym: "10.08-secondary dormancy induced in wheat" [GRO:0007122] synonym: "10.09-secondary dormancy lost in Triticeae" [GRO:0007123] synonym: "10.09-secondary dormancy lost in barley" [GRO:0007123] synonym: "10.09-secondary dormancy lost in oat" [GRO:0007123] synonym: "10.09-secondary dormancy lost in wheat" [GRO:0007123] synonym: "D dormancy in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000053] is_a: PO:0007033 ! whole plant growth stages [Term] id: PO:0007133 name: leaf production namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the leaves produced by SAM are visible above the ground in a seedling or mature plant." [Poc:curators ""] comment: This stage is recommended over rosette growth or stem elongation as it is most easily observed and least ambiguous. synonym: "leaf production in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000012] is_a: PO:0007112 ! 1 main shoot growth [Term] id: PO:0007134 name: A vegetative growth namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of growth when vegetative structures are being produced." [Poc:curators ""] synonym: "A vegetative growth in Solanaceae" [SGN:0000002] synonym: "A-vegetative stage in rice" [GRO:0007139] synonym: "vegetative in Arabidopsis" [TAIR:0000305] is_a: PO:0007033 ! whole plant growth stages [Term] id: PO:0007135 name: 4 growth directionality namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "the stage involved in the directionality of expansion growth" [GR:cwt] relationship: part_of PO:0007039 ! leaf trichome development stage [Term] id: PO:0007501 name: root cap formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the root cap becomes evident. " [GR:ap] comment: The number and origin of root cap initials that form the root cap varies among species. The root cap initials become independent from the more internally located root meristem cells by an increase in the thickness of the cell wall that separates them synonym: "root cap formation in crown root." [] synonym: "root cap formation in lateral root." [] synonym: "root cap formation in primary root." [] is_a: PO:0007525 ! 3 establishment of tissue systems [Term] id: PO:0007503 name: A2.1 root intials differntiation of primary roots namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The root initials divide repeatedly and add more cells" [GR:ap] comment: This term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007504 name: crown root primordium formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the initial cells of crown root primordium are formed in the innermost ground meristem cells by one or two periclinal divisions." [GR:ap] comment: Crown root primordia formed endogenously opposite the collateral bundles in maize. is_a: PO:0007505 ! 1 root primordium formation [Term] id: PO:0007505 name: 1 root primordium formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which root primordium originates and develops at specific locations in embryonic and post embryonic roots." [GR:ap] is_a: PO:0007520 ! root development stages [Term] id: PO:0007506 name: primary root primordium formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which a group of cells or initials that will differentiate into the primary root become organized in the embryo ." [GR:ap] is_a: PO:0007505 ! 1 root primordium formation [Term] id: PO:0007509 name: root vascular cylinder differentiation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the root vascular cylinder becomes evident." [GR:ap] comment: The first identifiable region in the differentiating vascular cylinder is the pericycle. In the xylem the differentiation of the tracheary elements begins in a centrifugal direction but is completed in the centripetal direction. The first phloem elements mature before the first xylem elements. is_a: PO:0007525 ! 3 establishment of tissue systems [Term] id: PO:0007510 name: root emergence namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the fully formed root emerges." [GR:ap] is_a: PO:0001031 ! 4 root elongation [Term] id: PO:0007511 name: lateral root primordium formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "This stage at which the transverse divisions in pericycle cells form the initials of the lateral root primordium." [GR:ap] is_a: PO:0007505 ! 1 root primordium formation [Term] id: PO:0007512 name: A2 root initials differentiation stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The root initials differentiate by cell division and cell expansion. " [GR:ap] comment: Crown root stages are based on rice plant. This term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007513 name: root cortex differentiation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the root cortex becomes evident." [GR:ap] comment: Repetitive periclinal divisions and radial enlargement of cells form the cortex layers\, the innermost layers become the endodermis with the differentiation of casparian strips. synonym: "cortex differentiation of crown root." [] synonym: "cortex differentiation of lateral root" [] synonym: "cortex differentiation of primary root." [] is_a: PO:0007525 ! 3 establishment of tissue systems [Term] id: PO:0007514 name: B3 crown root meristem formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The stage at which the meristem of the crown root becomes evident." [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007516 name: root epidermal differentiation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the root epidermis becomes evident." [GR:ap] comment: Root hairs come to full development beyond the region of elongation zone\, approximately at the level where the xylem begins to mature. synonym: "epidermal differentiation of lateral root." [] synonym: "epidermal differentiation of primary root" [] synonym: "epidermial differentiation of crown root." [] is_a: PO:0007525 ! 3 establishment of tissue systems [Term] id: PO:0007517 name: lateral root emergence namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the lateral root emerges." [GR:ap] comment: Starch grains can be seen in the root cap after emergence. is_a: PO:0007510 ! root emergence [Term] id: PO:0007518 name: crown root emergence namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the crown root emerges." [GR:ap] comment: Crown root stages are based on rice plant. is_a: PO:0007510 ! root emergence [Term] id: PO:0007519 name: 5 root hair formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the root hairs becomes evident. " [GR:ap] synonym: "Benfey's stage 3 of root development" [] is_a: PO:0007520 ! root development stages [Term] id: PO:0007520 name: root development stages alt_id: PO:0007011 namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of a root defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features. " [GR:ap] comment: At present the stages are described for primary\, lateral and crown roots and stages for adventitious root formed by wounding or hormone treatment is not described. Finer resolution of root stages has been kept in the obsolete node as they are not consistently used in the consulted literature. These terms will be reintroduced into the ontology when there is a specific user request. synonym: "root development stage" [] is_a: PO:0007021 ! plant structure development stages [Term] id: PO:0007521 name: C3.1 metaxylem differentiation of root. namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. Differentiation begins with the enlargement and vacuolation of the tracheary elements of the metaxylem." [GR:ap] comment: These stages are based on Arabidopsis plant. This term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple. synonym: "metaxylem differentiation of crown root" [] synonym: "metaxylem differentiation of lateral root" [] synonym: "metaxylem differentiation of primary root" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007523 name: establishment of initial cells namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The root initial cells are established." [GR:ap ""] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007524 name: B1 primary root meristem formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The stage at which the meristem of the primary root becomes evident." [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007525 name: 3 establishment of tissue systems namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which distinct tissues become organized." [GR:ap] synonym: "Benfey's stage 1 of root development" [] synonym: "cell differentiation stage of root development" [] synonym: "establishment of fundamental organization in adventitious root" [] synonym: "establishment of fundamental organization in primary root." [] synonym: "establishment of fundamental organization lateral root." [] is_a: PO:0007520 ! root development stages [Term] id: PO:0007526 name: F2 root hair elongation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The stage at which the root hairs are fully elongated." [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007527 name: 2 root meristem formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage at which the root meristem becomes evident. " [GR:ap] comment: Characteristic differences in meristem organization have been related to taxonomic groups. Terms for developmental zones formation are available in the oboslete node\, and they will be reintroduced in the ontology when there is a specific user request for them. is_a: PO:0007520 ! root development stages [Term] id: PO:0007528 name: A2.2 root initials differentiation of lateral roots namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. Radial expansion followed by subsequent periclinal divisions forms the pericycle-derived tissues." [GR:ap] comment: This term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007529 name: E emerged root elongation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The stage at which the emerged root starts to elongate. " [GR:ap] synonym: "emerged crown root elongation" [] synonym: "emerged lateral root elongation" [] synonym: "emrged primary root elongation" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007530 name: A2.3 founder cell derivatives of lateral root namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. Radial expansion followed by subsequent periclinal divisions forms the isodiametric founder cell tissues." [GR:ap] comment: This term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007531 name: F1 root hair initiation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The stage at which the roots hairs are initiated." [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007532 name: obsolete plant growth and development terms namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007533 name: C3.3 maturation of protoxylem elements in root. namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The first protoxylem elements next to the pericycle develop secondary walls and mature." [GR:ap] comment: This term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple. synonym: "maturation of protoxylem elements in crown root" [] synonym: "maturation of protoxylem elements in lateral root" [] synonym: "maturation of protoxylem elements in primary root" [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007534 name: A2.4 root initials differentiation of crown roots namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. Initial cells of crown root primordium divide anticlinally and periclinally to form epidermis-endodermis initial\, vascular-cylinder initial and root cap initial." [GR:ap] comment: Crown root stages are based on rice plant. This term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007535 name: A1 root initials formation stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. After the formation of the apical-basal axis in the young embryo\, the central and basal portion give rise to the root meristem. " [GR:ap] comment: Endogenously formed embryonic roots are exclusive to Poaceae.\nThis term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007536 name: root primordium visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. the root primordium is visbile" [GR:ap ""] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007537 name: C3.2 maturation of phloem elements in root. namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The first phloem elements matures." [GR:ap] comment: This term has been obsoleted to keep the structure simple. synonym: "maturation phloem elements of crown root." [] synonym: "maturation phloem elements of lateral root." [] synonym: "maturation phloem elements of primary root." [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007539 name: B2 lateral root meristem formation namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The stage at which the meristem of the lateral root becomes evident." [GR:ap] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007600 name: 3 floral organ development stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of floral organs defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features. " [POC:curators] is_a: PO:0007615 ! flower development stages [Term] id: PO:0007601 name: 1 floral meristem visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of flower development marked by the emergence of the floral meristem on the flank of the inflorescence meristem." [POC:curators] synonym: "stage 1 flower in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007615 ! flower development stages [Term] id: PO:0007602 name: 2 floral meristem notched namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of floral development that begins when the floral meristem becomes demarcated from the inflorescence meristem by a slight indentation." [POC:curators] synonym: "stage 2 flower in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007615 ! flower development stages [Term] id: PO:0007603 name: calyx developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the calyx defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features." [POC:curators] is_a: PO:0007600 ! 3 floral organ development stages [Term] id: PO:0007604 name: corolla developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the corolla defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features." [POC:curators] is_a: PO:0007600 ! 3 floral organ development stages [Term] id: PO:0007605 name: androecium developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the androecium defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features." [POC:curators] is_a: PO:0007600 ! 3 floral organ development stages [Term] id: PO:0007606 name: gynoecium developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the gynoecium defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features." [POC:curators] is_a: PO:0007600 ! 3 floral organ development stages [Term] id: PO:0007607 name: sepal primordium visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of calyx development that begins when the sepal primordia arise." [POC:curators] synonym: "stage 3 flower in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007603 ! calyx developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007608 name: petal primordium visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of corolla development that begins when the petal or petal-stamen primordia arise." [POC:curators] synonym: "stage 5 flower in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007604 ! corolla developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007609 name: sepals 50% of final size namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. 50% of the absolute size of the sepals." [POC:curators] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007610 name: sepals 100% of final size namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. 100% of the absolute size of the sepals." [POC:curators] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0007611 name: petal differentiation and expansion stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of corolla development defined by differentiation and expansion of petal." [POC:fz] synonym: "stage 10 flower in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "stage 12 flower in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "stage 9 flower in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007604 ! corolla developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007612 name: fully expanded petal namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of corolla development when petal is fully expanded." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0007604 ! corolla developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007613 name: stamen primordium visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of androecium development that begins when the stamens or petal-stamen primordia arise." [POC:curators] synonym: "stage 7 flower in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007605 ! androecium developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007615 name: flower development stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of a flower defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features. " [POC:curators] synonym: "flower development in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007021 ! plant structure development stages [Term] id: PO:0007616 name: 4 anthesis namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The phase of a flower when pollen is presented and/or the stigma is receptive." [APWeb:glossary] synonym: "stage 13 flower in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "stage 14 flower in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "stage 15 flower in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007615 ! flower development stages [Term] id: PO:0007617 name: 5 post anthesis namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The phase of a flower after the pollen is presented and/or the stigma is receptive." [POC:curators] synonym: "stage 16 flower in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007615 ! flower development stages [Term] id: PO:0007618 name: carpel primordium visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of gynoecium development that begins when the carpel primordia arise." [POC:curators] is_a: PO:0007606 ! gynoecium developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007619 name: ovule developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the ovule defined by characteristic morphological\, structural\, histological or other visible features." [POC:curators] synonym: "ovule development in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007606 ! gynoecium developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007620 name: ovule primordium visible namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of ovule development that begins when the ovule primordia arise." [POC:curators] synonym: "ovule stage 1-I in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007619 ! ovule developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007621 name: megagametophyte developmental stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the megagametophyte." [POC:curators] comment: Although megaspore and megagametophyte development are normally separate\, one spore producing one gametophyte\, in some flowering plants a single gametophyte may be produced from two or four spores. is_a: PO:0007619 ! ovule developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007622 name: integument initiation stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of ovule development that begins when the integument primordia are visible." [POC:curators] synonym: "ovule stage 2-II in Arabidopsis" [] synonym: "ovule stage 2-III in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0004504 ! ovule differentiation and expansion [Term] id: PO:0007623 name: A megaspore mother cell enlarges namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage of megagametophyte development when the megaspore mother cell enlarges." [POC:curators] synonym: "ovule stage 2-I in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007621 ! megagametophyte developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007624 name: B meiosis of megaspore mother cell namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage of megagametophyte development when the megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis." [POC:curators] synonym: "ovule stage 2-IV in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007621 ! megagametophyte developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007625 name: C tetrad of megaspores namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The product of meiosis of the megaspore mother cell." [POC:curators] synonym: "ovule stage 2-V in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007621 ! megagametophyte developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007626 name: D megaspore degeneration namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage of megagametophyte development when non-functional megaspores degenerate." [POC:curators] comment: In some plants more than one megaspore contributes to the megametophyte. synonym: "ovule stage 3-I in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007621 ! megagametophyte developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007627 name: E two nucleate megagametophyte namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage of megagametophyte development when there are two nuclei." [POC:curators] synonym: "ovule stage 3-II in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007621 ! megagametophyte developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007628 name: F four nucleate megagametophyte namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage of megagametophyte development when there are four nuclei." [POC:curators] synonym: "ovule stage 3-IV in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007621 ! megagametophyte developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007629 name: G eight nucleate megagametophyte namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The stage of megagametophyte development when there are eight nuclei." [POC:curators] comment: Some plants do not form an eight nucleate megametophyte. synonym: "ovule stage 3-V in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0007621 ! megagametophyte developmental stages [Term] id: PO:0007631 name: embryo development stages alt_id: PO:0007020 namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the embryo." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "embryo development stage" [] synonym: "embryonic in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001170 ! seed development stages [Term] id: PO:0007632 name: seed maturation stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage during which the seed storage products (storage proteins\, lipids and starch) are being accumulated\, either in the cotyledons or in the endosperm. Also\, LEA proteins are accumulated and subsequentially\, desiccation tolerant state is reached at the end of this stage." [TAIR:ki] synonym: "seed maturation in Arabidopsis" [] is_a: PO:0001170 ! seed development stages [Term] id: PO:0007633 name: endosperm development stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stages of development of the endosperm." [TAIR:ki] is_a: PO:0001170 ! seed development stages [Term] id: PO:0009012 name: plant growth and development stages namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "The succession of changes leading from the zygote to the mature plant. " [Poc:curators ""] synonym: "Arabidopsis growth" [TAIR:0000205] [Term] id: PO:0009075 name: plant ontology namespace: plant_structure def: "OBSOLETE. A controlled vocabulary to describe the various plant parts and the growth and developmental stages." [Poc:curators] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0021002 name: calyx absolute size namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The proportion of the absolute size reached by the calyx" [POC:curators] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0021003 name: calyx relationship namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "OBSOLETE. The stages of development of the calyx with respect to the rest of the bud" [POC:curators] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: PO:0021004 name: inflorescence initiation stage namespace: plant_growth_and_development_stage def: "Stage of inflorescence development marked by the formation of the inflorescence meristem on a vegetative branch." [POC:fz] is_a: PO:0001083 ! inflorescence development stages [Typedef] id: part_of name: part of