format-version: 1.2 data-version: 2012-09-23 subsetdef: cyclostome_subset "cyclostome structures" subsetdef: defined_by_ordinal_series "classes that are defined by relative position counting from first in a series of elements along an axis in an individual organism rather than by strict homology" subsetdef: developmental_classification "developmental_classification" subsetdef: disjointness_axiom_removed "A class which has a weakened disjointness axiom, to avoid inconsistency. These are kept separately in the uberon_disjoint_from_strict ontology." subsetdef: dubious_grouping "Indicates that subclasses in AOs may be inappropriately linked" subsetdef: early_development "A class that represents an early developmental structure, like a blastocyst. This part of the ontology is undergoing review to remove inappropriate grouping classes." subsetdef: emapa_ehdaa2 "derived from the union of EHDAA2 and EMAPA - still to be checked" subsetdef: functional_classification "functional_classification" subsetdef: grouping_class "Subset consisting of classes creating for grouping purposes" subsetdef: inconsistent_with_fma "classes that have some inconsistency with FMA" subsetdef: inherited_grouping_class "A grouping class that originates in two or more separate anatomical ontologies. Includes 'region of X' type terms" subsetdef: loose_concept "loose concept" subsetdef: major_organ "somewhat fuzzy grouping for analysis purposes, currently composed of something like: liver, heart, skeletal, kidney, bladder, brain, skin, mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestines, trachea nose, lungs, brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, gonads" subsetdef: metazoa_core "core classes typically found across metazoa. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new metazoan AO. Note this subset is not yet fully fleshed out" subsetdef: non_informative "abstract class brought in to group ontology classes but not informative" subsetdef: organ_slim "organs, excluding individual muscles and skeletal elements" subsetdef: phenotype_rcn "A subset specifically created for the 2012 Phenotype RCN meeting. Includes some human-specific terms that may eventually be removed when they are adequately represented with part of relationships in FMA" subsetdef: uberon_slim "Uberon slim - somewhat arbitrary subset that excludes obscure terms and deep compositional terms" subsetdef: unverified_taxonomic_grouping "Indicates that the class encompasses classes from other AOs that have not been verified" subsetdef: upper_level "abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis" subsetdef: upper_ontology_conflict "Terms in this subset group together terms from different anatomy ontologies that have conflicting upper ontology/CARO assignments. For example, in FMA the naris is immaterial and in ZFA it is an organism subdivision." subsetdef: vertebrate_core "core classes typically found across vertebrates. one purpose is to create a rough set of terms that could be used to start a new vertebrate AO" synonymtypedef: ATTRIBUTION_REQUIRED "expert consultation and attribution required" synonymtypedef: DEPRECATED "A historic synonym, no longer encouraged" synonymtypedef: DEVELOPMENTAL "developmental term" synonymtypedef: DUBIOUS "dubious or contested synonym" synonymtypedef: HOMOLOGY "a synonym made on the basis of a possibly homologous structure in another species" synonymtypedef: HUMAN_PREFERRED "preferred term when talking about an instance of this class in Homo sapiens" synonymtypedef: INCONSISTENT "indicates that a synonym is used in an inconsistent or confusing way, typically between species" synonymtypedef: LATIN "latin term" synonymtypedef: PLURAL "plural term" synonymtypedef: SENSU "taxonomic disambiguation" default-namespace: uberon idspace: foaf http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1 idspace: NIF_GrossAnatomy http://ontology.neuinfo.org/NIF/BiomaterialEntities/NIF-GrossAnatomy.owl# idspace: Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: BILA treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: BSPO treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: CARO treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: GO treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: NIF_GrossAnatomy treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: OG treat-xrefs-as-equivalent: VSAO treat-xrefs-as-is_a: VHOG remark: Uberon is an anatomical ontology covering metazoa. For more details, see http://uberon.org or http://genomebiology.com/2012/13/1/R5 ontology: uberon property_value: dc-contributor "Alan Ruttenberg" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Alexander Diehl" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Ann Maglia" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Bgee Project - http://bgee.unil.ch" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Bill Bug" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Brian K Hall" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Carlo Torniai" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Ceri Van Slyke" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "David Hill" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "David Osumi-Sutherland" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Duncan Davidson" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Frederic Bastian" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "George Gkoutos" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Hilmar Lapp" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "James Balhoff" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Jonathan Bard" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Marc Robinson-Rechavi" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Maryann Martone" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "NIF Project" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Onard Mejino" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "PATO Project" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Paul Schofield" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Paula Mabee" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Phenoscape Project" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Rebecca Foulger" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Robert Druzinsky" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Shahim Essaid" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Suzanna Lewis" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Terry Hayamizu" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Terry Meehan" xsd:string property_value: dc-contributor "Yvonne Bradford" xsd:string property_value: dc-creator "Alex Decechi" xsd:string property_value: dc-creator "Anne Niknejad" xsd:string property_value: dc-creator "Aurelie Comte" xsd:string property_value: dc-creator "Chris Mungall" xsd:string property_value: dc-creator "David Blackburn" xsd:string property_value: dc-creator "Erik Segerdell" xsd:string property_value: dc-creator "Melissa Haendel" xsd:string property_value: dc-creator "Nizar Ibrahim" xsd:string property_value: dc-creator "Wasila Dahdul" xsd:string property_value: dc-description "Uberon is an integrated cross-species anatomy ontology representing a variety of entities classified according to traditional anatomical criteria such as structure, function and developmental lineage. The ontology includes comprehensive relationships to taxon-specific anatomical ontologies, allowing integration of functional, phenotype and expression data." xsd:string property_value: dc-publisher http://obofoundry.org xsd:anyURI property_value: dc-source http://dbpedia.org property_value: dc-source http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ property_value: dc-source http://ontology.neuinfo.org/NIF/BiomaterialEntities/NIF-GrossAnatomy.owl property_value: dc-source http://palaeos.com property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/aao.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/aba.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/aeo.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bila.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bto.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/caro.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/cl.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ehdaa2.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/emapa.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/fbbt.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/fma.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/go.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ma.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/tao.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/vhog.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/vsao.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/wbbt.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/xao.owl property_value: dc-source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/zfa.owl property_value: dc-source http://wiki.phenotypercn.org/wg/phenotypercn/index.php?title=Neural_Crest_Workshop xsd:anyURI property_value: dc-source http://wiki.phenotypercn.org/wiki/August_2012_Notes xsd:anyURI property_value: dc-source http://www.brain-map.org property_value: dc-source http://www.e-lico.eu/public/kupo/kupo.owl property_value: dc-source https://docs.google.com/document/d/16JZOuH9sh_a8uIXA4cqg0Q1H6MV5yCj3-rhuKsZoV_U/edit xsd:anyURI property_value: dc-source https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cPWBqrl_Qy7XHEWFqtR_PgQX61yRkgGuLaiDpnEXxkE/edit xsd:anyURI property_value: dc-source https://docs.google.com/document/d/1MnUgispgGfNQoezYzWzzGTnkAnI0gzRnJIwdip6MMtw/edit xsd:anyURI property_value: dc-source https://docs.google.com/document/d/1r9kNPpFYGdu0SpJDLyFAVQczBlG0wAZCBMd18gG3Ot8/edit# xsd:anyURI property_value: dc-source https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0Aj8NJdyb-leqdDM0R3hTVTRHRExDVjRCSkZEbDc5N1E#gid=0 xsd:anyURI property_value: dc-source "ISBN-10:0226313379 Fins into Limbs: Evolution, Development, and Transformation, Hall" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN-10:0443065837 Human embryology, Larsen" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN10:0073040584 Vertebrates, Kardong" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN10:0123813611 Comparative Anatomy and Histology: A Mouse and Human Atlas, Treuting and Dintzis" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN10:0471888893 Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation by Butler and Hodos" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN10:1588900649 Color Atlas and Textbook of Human Anatomy: Nervous system and sensory organs By Werner Kahle, Michael Frotscher" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN10:1588903958 Principles and practice of pediatric neurosurgery By A. Leland Albright, P. David Adelson, Ian F. Pollack" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN10:1607950324 Craniofacial Embryogenetics & Development, 2nd edition, Sperber" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN:0030229073 Invertebrate Zoology, Barnes" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN:0683400088 Stedman's Medical Dictionary" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN:978-0-12-369548-2 Principles of Developmental Genetics, Sally A Moody" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN:9780120749034 The laboratory rat" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN:9780397517251 Surgical anatomy of the hand and upper extremity. By James R. Doyle and Michael J. Botte" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN:9780674021839 The Tree of Life - Guillaume Lecointre, Herve Le Guyader" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "ISBN:9780878932504 Developmental Biology" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "MESH" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "PMID:11433360 Placental development: lessons from mouse mutants" xsd:string property_value: dc-source "PMID:16417468 Forgotten and novel aspects in pancreas development, Pieler and Chen" xsd:string property_value: dc-title "Uber-anatomy ontology" xsd:string property_value: dcterms-isReferencedBy http://genomebiology.com/2012/13/1/R5 xsd:anyURI property_value: dcterms-isReferencedBy http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22293552 xsd:anyURI property_value: foaf-homepage http://uberon.org xsd:anyURI treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: AAO part_of NCBITaxon:8292 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: FBbt part_of NCBITaxon:7227 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: FMA part_of NCBITaxon:9606 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: HAO part_of NCBITaxon:7399 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: MA part_of NCBITaxon:10088 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: MFO part_of NCBITaxon:8089 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: SPD part_of NCBITaxon:6893 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: TADS part_of NCBITaxon:6939 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: TAO part_of NCBITaxon:32443 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: TGMA part_of NCBITaxon:44484 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: WBbt part_of NCBITaxon:6237 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: XAO part_of NCBITaxon:8353 treat-xrefs-as-reverse-genus-differentia: ZFA part_of NCBITaxon:7954 treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: EHDAA treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: EHDAA2 treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: EMAPA treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: EV treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: ncithesaurus treat-xrefs-as-has-subclass: OGES [Term] id: UBERON:0000000 name: processual entity def: "An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity." [span:ProcessualEntity] subset: upper_level disjoint_from: UBERON:0001062 ! anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0000002 name: uterine cervix def: "Lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina." [Wikipedia:Cervix] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "canalis cervicis uteri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:17740, FMA:TA] synonym: "cervical canal" EXACT [] synonym: "cervical canal of uterus" EXACT [] synonym: "cervix" EXACT [] synonym: "cervix of uterus" EXACT [] synonym: "cervix uteri" EXACT [EMAPA:29927] synonym: "neck of uterus" EXACT [] synonym: "uterine cervix" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001421 xref: EFO:0000979 xref: EMAPA:29927 xref: EV:0100114 xref: FMA:17740 xref: GAID:376 xref: galen:CervixUteri xref: MA:0000392 xref: MAT:0000292 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.679.256 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervix xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVipEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245494008 xref: VHOG:0001359 is_a: UBERON:0001560 {source="FMA"} ! neck of organ is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus property_value: external_definition "The narrow caudal end of the uterus that opens into the vagina. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001359", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/uterine+cervix"} property_value: homology_notes "The evolution of mammals is associated with radical changes in their reproductive biology, particularly the structure and function of the female reproductive organs. These changes include the evolution of the uterus, cervix, vagina, placenta and specialized cell types associated with each of those structures.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001359", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1098/rspb.2004.2848 Lynch VJ, Roth JJ, Takahashi K, Dunn CW, Nonaka DF, Stopper GF, Wagner GP, Adaptive evolution of HoxA-11 and HoxA-13 at the origin of the uterus in mammals. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B (2004)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000003 name: naris def: "Orifice of the olfactory system. The naris is the route by which odorants enter the olfactory system[MAH]." [UBERON:MAH] comment: consistency notes: we have classified this as an orifice, according to FMA. Note that in FMA, orifices are immaterial entities, but in ZFA this is a surface structure. Taxon notes: in actinopterygians, both pairs of nares are external. In tetrapods, the exhalant empties into the buccal cavity subset: uberon_slim subset: upper_ontology_conflict subset: vertebrate_core xref: AAO:0000311 xref: EHDAA2:0001225 xref: EHDAA:9083 xref: EMAPA:17847 xref: galen:Naris xref: MA:0000282 xref: SCTID:272650008 xref: VHOG:0000663 is_a: UBERON:0000161 {source="FMA"} ! orifice relationship: part_of UBERON:0005725 intersection_of: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005725 ! olfactory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 {source="ZFA"} ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0005725 ! olfactory system property_value: external_definition "One of paired external openings of the nasal chamber.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000311", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "Naris refer to the external and interior naris (choana) of tetrapods, and to anterior and posterior naris of zebrafish. It seems now accepted that the structure is homologous: The choana, a unique 'internal nostril' opening from the nasal sac into the roof of the mouth, is a key part of the tetrapod (land vertebrate) respiratory system. It was the first component of the tetrapod body plan to evolve, well before the origin of limbs, and is therefore crucial to our understanding of the beginning of the fish-tetrapod transition. (...) Here we present new material of Kenichthys, a 395-million-year-old fossil fish from China, that provides direct evidence for the origin of the choana and establishes its homology: it is indeed a displaced posterior external nostril that, during a brief transitional stage illustrated by Kenichthys, separated the maxilla from the premaxilla.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000663", ontology="VHOG", source="doi:10.1038/nature02843 Zhu M, Ahlberg PE, The origin of the internal nostril in tetrapodes. Nature (2004)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000004 name: olfactory apparatus def: "a protuberance in vertebrates that houses the nostrils, or nares, which admit and expel air for respiration in conjunction with the mouth. Behind the nose are the olfactory mucosa and the sinuses. Behind the nasal cavity, air next passes through the pharynx, shared with the digestive system, and then into the rest of the respiratory system. In humans, the nose is located centrally on the face; on most other mammals, it is on the upper tip of the snout[WP]. GO: The nose is the specialized structure of the face that serves as the organ of the sense of smell and as part of the respiratory system. Includes the nasi externus (external nose) and cavitas nasi (nasal cavity)." [Wikipedia:Nose] comment: TODO - distinguish generic olfactory apparatus from nose; we have olfactory organ for the generic organ - add new class 'olfactory structure'? subset: major_organ subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nasal sac" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0000047] synonym: "Nasus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nose] synonym: "nose" EXACT [] synonym: "peripheral olfactory organ" EXACT [] synonym: "proboscis" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000840 xref: EFO:0000828 xref: EHDAA2:0001274 xref: EHDAA:1502 xref: EMAPA:16542 xref: EV:0100037 xref: EV:0100370 xref: FMA:46472 xref: GAID:77 xref: galen:Nose xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Canine-nose.jpg xref: MA:0000281 xref: MAT:0000139 xref: MESH:A.01.456.505.733 xref: MIAA:0000139 xref: ncithesaurus:Nose xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCbJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181195007 xref: TAO:0000047 xref: ZFA:0000047 is_a: UBERON:0002268 ! olfactory organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 ! olfactory placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004089 ! midface [Term] id: UBERON:0000005 name: chemosensory organ subset: functional_classification subset: uberon_slim synonym: "chemosensory sensory organ" EXACT [FBbt:00005157] xref: FBbt:00005157 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005726 ! chemosensory system [Term] id: UBERON:0000006 name: islet of Langerhans def: "Regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells." [Wikipedia:Islets_of_Langerhans] comment: A primitive exocrine pancreas can be found in holocephalan cartilaginous fish; a pancreatic duct directly ending in the gut lumen is connected to a glandular structure made of exocrine cells and associated with cell islets, which comprises three different hormone-producing cell types: insulin, somatostatin and glucagon (Yui and Fujita, 1986)[PMID:16417468] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "island of Langerhans" RELATED [BTO:0000991] synonym: "island of pancreas" RELATED [BTO:0000991] synonym: "islets of langerhans" RELATED [] synonym: "pancreatic insula" EXACT [] synonym: "pancreatic islet" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010406 xref: BTO:0000991 xref: EFO:0000856 xref: EMAPA:19246 xref: EMAPA:19247 xref: EMAPA:19248 xref: EV:0100130 xref: FMA:16016 xref: GAID:324 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Gray1105.png xref: MA:0000127 xref: MAT:0000076 xref: MESH:A.03.734.414 xref: MIAA:0000076 xref: ncithesaurus:Islet_of_Langerhans xref: VHOG:0000646 xref: XAO:0000159 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000016 ! endocrine pancreas property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which consists of glands developed from pancreatic ducts in the larvae and secrete insulin.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010406", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "Mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians have a pancreas with similar histology and mode of development, while in some fish, the islet cells are segregated as Brockmann bodies.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000646", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:7600975 Slack JMW, Developmental biology of the pancreas. Development (1995)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000007 name: pituitary gland def: "The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands [GO]. An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin [ZFIN]." [Wikipedia:Pituitary_gland, ZFIN:curator] comment: Taxon notes: The lamprey possesses a distinct pituitary organ and hormones, the ascidian does not show distinct evidence of them [Sower S, Freamat M, Kavanaugh S. The origins of the vertebrate hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid (HPT) endocrine systems: new insights from lampreys. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2009;161:20-9] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "glandula pituitaria" RELATED [BTO:0001073] synonym: "hypophysis" RELATED [ZFA:0000118] synonym: "hypophysis cerebri" RELATED [MA:0000176] synonym: "hypophysis, glandula pituitaria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pituitary_gland] synonym: "pituitary" EXACT [BTO:0001073] synonym: "pituitary body" EXACT [BTO:0001073] xref: AAO:0010536 xref: BM:Die-Hy-HY xref: BTO:0001073 xref: EFO:0000857 xref: EHDAA2:0001471 xref: EHDAA:2183 xref: EHDAA:4477 xref: EMAPA:16647 xref: EMAPA:16898 xref: EV:0100132 xref: FMA:13889 xref: GAID:457 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray1180.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray1180.png/200px-Gray1180.png xref: MA:0000176 xref: MAT:0000077 xref: MESH:A.06.407.747 xref: MIAA:0000077 xref: ncithesaurus:Pituitary_Gland xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1353 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6NQYJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181125003 xref: TAO:0000118 xref: VHOG:0000143 xref: XAO:0000017 xref: ZFA:0000118 is_a: UBERON:0003296 ! gland of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0010133 ! neuroendocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 {source="Wikipedia"} ! ectoderm relationship: has_part UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis relationship: has_part UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 {source="ZFA"} ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "An endocrine gland derived from infundibulum of the floor of the diencephalon and an ectodermal dorsal protrusion from the buccal cavity which controls the secretion of many hormones influencing the function of various organs of the body.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010536", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000118", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000143", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000009 name: submucosa def: "A layer of dense irregular connective tissue in the gastrointestinal tract that supports the mucosa, as well as joins the mucosa to the bulk of underlying smooth muscle (fibers running circularly within layer of longitudinal muscle). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submucosa] comment: see comments re FMA for mucosa subset: uberon_slim synonym: "organ submucosa" EXACT [FMA:85391] synonym: "region of submucosa" EXACT [FMA:85392] synonym: "submucosa of organ" EXACT [FMA:85391] synonym: "submucosa of region of organ" EXACT [FMA:85392] synonym: "submucous layer" RELATED [BTO:0002107] synonym: "tela submucosa" RELATED [BTO:0002107] xref: BTO:0002107 xref: FMA:85391 xref: FMA:85392 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Ens.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Ens.png/200px-Ens.png xref: ncithesaurus:Submucosa is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0000010 name: peripheral nervous system def: "Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Divided into somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system" [FB:gg, OMD:peripheral+nervous+system, Wikipedia:Peripheral_nervous_system, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pars peripherica; systema nervosum periphericum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Peripheral_nervous_system] synonym: "PNS" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000429 xref: BILA:0000081 xref: BTO:0001028 xref: EFO:0000891 xref: EHDAA2:0001445 xref: EHDAA:2893 xref: EMAPA:16665 xref: EMAPA:18370 xref: EV:0100335 xref: FBbt:00005098 xref: FMA:9903 xref: GAID:715 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png/200px-Nervous_system_diagram.png xref: MA:0000218 xref: MAT:0000338 xref: MESH:A.08.800 xref: MIAA:0000338 xref: ncithesaurus:Peripheral_Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1111 xref: SCTID:362292005 xref: TAO:0000142 xref: VHOG:0000399 xref: XAO:0000178 xref: ZFA:0000142 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011216 {source="cjm"} ! organ system subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system property_value: external_definition "Nervous structures including ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000142", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Part of nervous system in which nerves extend throughout the body outside of the brain and spinal cord.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000429", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) specific vertebrate traits within the chordate phylum such as skeletal tissues, PNS, and spectacular head and brain development, are linked to the NC (neural crest) and its derivatives.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000399", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1007/978-0-387-46954-6_6 Dupin E, Creuzet S, Le Douarin NM, The contribution of the neural crest to the vertebrate body. Advances in experimental medicine and biology (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001017 [Term] id: UBERON:0000011 name: parasympathetic nervous system def: "The parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is a division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), along with the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS). The ANS is a subdivision of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). ANS sends fibers to three tissues: cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, or glandular tissue. This stimulation, sympathetic or parasympathetic, is to control smooth muscle contraction, regulate cardiac muscle, or stimulate or inhibit glandular secretion [Wikipedia]. The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia [GO]." [Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_nervous_system] comment: Development notes: has developmental contribution from NC in verteberates (UBERONREF:0000002) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "parasympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [] synonym: "pars parasympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9907, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars parasympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_nervous_system] synonym: "PNS - parasympathetic" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010488 xref: BTO:0001833 xref: EFO:0000894 xref: EHDA:10096 xref: EHDAA2:0001402 xref: EHDAA:4655 xref: EMAPA:17270 xref: FMA:9907 xref: GAID:708 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png xref: MA:0000223 xref: MAT:0000101 xref: MESH:A.08.800.050.600 xref: MIAA:0000101 xref: ncithesaurus:Parasympathetic_Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2517 xref: SCTID:362496006 xref: TAO:0001575 xref: VHOG:0000755 xref: ZFA:0001575 is_a: UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system property_value: external_definition "Part of the autonomic nervous system which has opposing physiological effects of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples include decreasing the heart rate or dilating the blood vessels.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010488", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "In mammals, the autonomic nervous system is divided into two contrasting, antagonistic systems of control over visceral activity: the sympathetic system and the parasympathetic system (reference 1); In general, the teleosts may be considered phylogenetically the first class of vertebrates in which the heart is regulated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic neural pathways (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000755", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.634, DOI:10.1016/S0306-4530(98)00057-2 Porges SW, Love: an emergent property of the mammalian autonomic nervous system. Psychoneuroendocrinology (1998)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000012 name: somatic nervous system def: "The part of the peripheral nervous system consisting of efferent nerves responsible for stimulating muscle contraction, including all the neurons connected with skeletal muscles, skin, and sense organs[WP, modified]." [Wikipedia:Somatic_nervous_system] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "PNS - somatic" EXACT [] synonym: "somatic nervous system, somatic division" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100301] synonym: "somatic peripheral nervous system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100301] xref: EFO:0000892 xref: EFO:0000898 xref: FMA:9904 xref: MA:0002850 xref: MAT:0000099 xref: MAT:0000342 xref: MIAA:0000099 xref: MIAA:0000342 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100301 xref: WBbt:0005760 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011216 {source="cjm"} ! organ system subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000013 name: sympathetic nervous system def: "The Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is a branch of the autonomic nervous system along with the enteric nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. It is always active at a basal level (called sympathetic tone) and becomes more active during times of stress. Its actions during the stress response comprise the fight-or-flight response [Wikipedia]. The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter [GO]." [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_nervous_system] comment: Development notes: has developmental contribution from NC in verteberates (UBERONREF:0000002) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pars sympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9906, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars sympathica divisionis autonomici systematis nervosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_nervous_system] synonym: "sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [] synonym: "sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010487 xref: BTO:0001832 xref: EFO:0000893 xref: EHDAA2:0001971 xref: EHDAA:3769 xref: EMAPA:16985 xref: FMA:9906 xref: GAID:710 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0000225 xref: MESH:A.08.800.050.800 xref: MIAA:0000100 xref: ncithesaurus:Sympathetic_Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2516 xref: SCTID:362484004 xref: TAO:0001576 xref: VHOG:0000384 xref: ZFA:0001576 is_a: UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system property_value: external_definition "Part of the autonomic nervous system which has opposing physiological effects of the parasympathetic nervous system. Examples include increasing the heart rate or constricting the blood vessels.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010487", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The part of the autonomic nervous system which chiefly contains adrenergic fibres and tends to control and reduce secretions, decrease the contractility and hence the tone of smooth muscles and provoke the contraction of blood vessels. Essentially, it consists of preganglionic fibres from the thoracic and upper lumbar parts of the spinal cord. These fibres, by means of delicate rami communicantes, cross over to ganglia sited in a pair of ganglionated cords on each side of the vertebral column or to more peripheral ganglia. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000384", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The autonomic nervous system is composed of three divisions: the sympathetic division, the parasympathetic division, and the enteric division. (...) In ray-finned teleost fishes, a sympathetic chain is present, and dual innervation of additional organs can be observed. A similar pattern can be found in amphibians (...). The evolution of the autonomic nervous system has been quite conservative, especially in the tetrapod lineage.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000384", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.461-463", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000014 name: zone of skin def: "A sub-region of the skin. Note the distinct between the entire skin of the body, of which there is only 1 in an organism, and zones of skin, of which there can be many. Examples: skin of knee" [GOC:cjm, Wikipedia:Skin] comment: we assume that mouse, HOG and GAID all mean zone of skin when they say skin. We also choose skin as an exact synonym, as it is more intuitive synonym: "portion of skin" EXACT [] synonym: "region of skin" EXACT [] synonym: "skin" EXACT [MA:0000151] synonym: "skin region" EXACT [] synonym: "skin zone" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001844 xref: EHDAA:6530 xref: EV:0100152 xref: FMA:86166 xref: GAID:933 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/HumanSkinDiagram.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Skin.svg/200px-Skin.svg.png xref: MA:0000151 xref: MAT:0000284 xref: MESH:A.17.815 xref: MIAA:0000284 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjX3ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:20795001 xref: VHOG:0000860 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body property_value: homology_notes " (...) it is well-established that neural crest cells contribute to both the dermal skeleton (craniofacial bone, teeth, and the caudal fin rays of teleosts) and the integument, including craniofacial dermis and all pigment cells outside the retina (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000860", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01043.x Vickaryous MK, Sire JY, The integumentary skeleton of tetrapods: origin, evolution, and development. J Anat (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000015 name: anatomical boundary def: "Structural anatomical relation which holds between each anatomical entity of one to three dimensions and some immaterial anatomical entity of one lower dimension such that the latter demarcates (delimits) the former from its neighborhood." [FMA:256502] subset: upper_level synonym: "anatomical boundary entity" EXACT [FMA:50705] xref: AEO:0000192 xref: FMA:50705 is_a: UBERON:0000466 ! immaterial anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0000016 name: endocrine pancreas def: "The endocrine pancreas is made up of islet cells that produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin[GO]." [GOC:GO, Wikipedia:Islets_of_Langerhans] comment: Editor notes - endocrine and exocrine pancrease are no co-associated in hagfishes or lampreys [PMID:20959416] - create a separate class for these? subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "endocrine pancreas" EXACT [] synonym: "endocrine part of pancreas" RELATED [BTO:0000650] synonym: "islets of Langerhans part of pancreas" RELATED [] synonym: "pars endocrina pancreatis" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000650 xref: EV:0100129 xref: FMA:16018 xref: MA:0001582 xref: ncithesaurus:Endocrine_Pancreas xref: SCTID:361339003 xref: TAO:0001260 xref: VHOG:0000049 xref: ZFA:0001260 is_a: UBERON:0002075 ! viscus is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003923 ! dorsal pancreatic bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas property_value: external_definition "The part of the pancreas that acts as an endocrine gland, consisting of the islets of Langerhans, which secrete insulin and other hormones. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000049", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Pancreas"} property_value: external_definition "The zebrafish endocrine pancreas is composed of small groups of islet cells that are distributed throughout the exocrine pancreas. The islet cells produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001260", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000049", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.crvi.2007.03.006 Madsen OD, Pancreas phylogeny and ontogeny in relation to a 'pancreatic stem cell'. C.R. Biologies (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000017 name: exocrine pancreas def: "The exocrine pancreas produces and store zymogens of digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and trypsinogen in the acinar cells [GO]. The exocrine pancreas is composed of acinar epithelial cells and ductal epithelium that manufacture the proteolytic enzymes and bicarbonate required for digestion." [GOC:GO, Wikipedia:Exocrine_component_of_pancreas] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "exocrine pancreas" EXACT [] synonym: "exocrine part of pancreas" RELATED [BTO:0000434] synonym: "pars exocrina pancreatis" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010407 xref: BTO:0000434 xref: EV:0100093 xref: FMA:16017 xref: MA:0002415 xref: ncithesaurus:Exocrine_Pancreas xref: SCTID:248202004 xref: TAO:0001249 xref: VHOG:0000048 xref: XAO:0000137 xref: ZFA:0001249 is_a: UBERON:0002075 ! viscus is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003924 ! ventral pancreatic bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system property_value: external_definition "The exocrine pancreas is composed of acinar epithelial cells and ductal epithelium that manufacture the proteolytic enzymes and bicarbonate required for digestion.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001249", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The part of the pancreas that acts as an exocrine gland, consisting of the pancreatic acini, which produce pancreatic juice and secrete it into the intestine to aid in protein digestion. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000048", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Pancreas"} property_value: homology_notes "In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000048", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.crvi.2007.03.006 Madsen OD, Pancreas phylogeny and ontogeny in relation to a 'pancreatic stem cell'. C.R. Biologies (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000018 name: compound eye def: "A light sensing organ composed of ommatidia" [FB:gg, Wikipedia:Compound_eye] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adult compound eye" RELATED [] synonym: "Facettenauge" RELATED [BTO:0001921] synonym: "insect eye" RELATED [] synonym: "Komplexauge" RELATED [BTO:0001921] synonym: "zusammengesetztes Auge" RELATED [BTO:0001921] xref: BTO:0001921 xref: FBbt:00004508 xref: HAO:0000217 xref: TGMA:0000024 is_a: UBERON:0000970 ! eye relationship: has_part UBERON:0000971 ! ommatidium [Term] id: UBERON:0000019 name: camera-type eye def: "The camera-type eye is an organ of sight that receives light through an aperture and focuses it through a lens, projecting it on a photoreceptor field[GO]. The eye contains the following parts (when they are present in the organism): the eyeball (eye proper), the lacrimal apparatus, the conjuctival, the eyelid // " [GO:0043010, UBERON:cjm] comment: AO notes: FMA distinguishes Eye (subdivision of face) which has its parts an Eyeball (organ). MA includes eyelid, conjunctiva and lacrimal apparatus as part of MA:eye - consistent with FMA - so we can infer that MA:eye is more like FMA:eye than FMA:eyeball. For other AOs this distinction is less meaningful - e.g. ZFA has no eyelid; XAO has no eyelid, but it has conjuctiva, which is considered part of the xao:eye. GO considers eyelid development part of eye development. See also notes on optic nerve - XAO, AAO and BTO consider this part of the eye. MA considers the eye muscles part of the eye, whereas FMA has a class 'orbital content' for this subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "camera-type eye plus associated structures" RELATED [] synonym: "eye" BROAD [FMA:54448] synonym: "eyes" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000107] synonym: "orbital part of face" EXACT [FMA:54448] synonym: "orbital region" RELATED [FMA:54448] synonym: "regio orbitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54448, FMA:TA] synonym: "vertebrate eye" NARROW [] xref: AAO:0010340 xref: BTO:0004688 xref: EHDAA2:0000484 xref: EHDAA:936 xref: EMAPA:16198 xref: FMA:54448 xref: MA:0000261 xref: ncithesaurus:Eye xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1169 xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngx4rwKSh9pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVil5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvViTvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181143004 xref: TAO:0000107 xref: VHOG:0000275 xref: XAO:0000179 xref: ZFA:0000107 is_a: UBERON:0000047 ! simple eye is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003072 {evidence="definitional"} ! optic cup relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0004088 ! ocular region property_value: external_definition "A cavitated compound organ that transduces light waves into neural signals.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000107", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000275", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nrn2283 Lamb TD, Collin SP and Pugh EN Jr, Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000020 name: sense organ def: "An organ that is part of a sense organ system." [UBERON:cjm] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "organ of sense organ system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of sensory organ system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of sensory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sense organ system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sensillum" NARROW [WBbt:0006929] synonym: "sensor" RELATED [] synonym: "sensory organ" EXACT [] synonym: "sensory organ system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sensory system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Sinnesorgan" RELATED [BTO:0000202] xref: AEO:0000094 xref: BTO:0000202 xref: EHDAA2:0001824 xref: EHDAA:500 xref: EMAPA:16192 xref: FBbt:00005155 xref: GAID:63 xref: HAO:0000930 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray722.png/200px-Gray722.png xref: MA:0000017 xref: MESH:A.09 xref: ncithesaurus:Organ_of_the_Special_Sense xref: SCTID:244485009 xref: VHOG:0001407 xref: WBbt:0006929 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001032 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system [Term] id: UBERON:0000021 name: cutaneous appendage def: "Appendage that protrudes from the skin." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Examples: hair, nail (FMA); feather, claw, hoof, horn, wattle, spur, beak, scale(?), antler, bristle. Editors note: Mammary glands develop by similar mechanisms, and there is an argument for including them here (e.g. PMID:20484386), but these structures do not fit the current definition (lactiferous glands are part of the integumentary system in FMA). Note the FMA class is a subdivision of epidermis, which may be too restrictive for our purposes here. TODO: revise after definition of appendage is finalized in CARO2; in addition, verify subtypes w.r.t definition - e.g. beaks may overlap with skin of body rather than being part of it - rhamphotheca may be more appropriate subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epidermal appendage" NARROW [] synonym: "epidermal growth" RELATED [] synonym: "skin appendage" EXACT [FMA:71012] xref: FMA:71012 xref: SCTID:276160000 is_a: UBERON:0000026 {notes="subject to revision"} ! appendage relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system [Term] id: UBERON:0000022 name: feather def: "one of the epidermal growths that form the distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on birds. Feathers are formed in tiny follicles in the epidermis, or outer skin layer, that produce keratin proteins. The β-keratins in feathers, beaks and claws — and the claws, scales and shells of reptiles — are composed of protein strands hydrogen-bonded into β-pleated sheets, which are then further twisted and crosslinked by disulfide bridges into structures even tougher than the α-keratins of mammalian hair, horns and hoof. The exact signals that induce the growth of feathers on the skin are not known but it has been found that the transcription factor cDermo-1 induces the growth of feathers on skin and scales on the leg." [Wikipedia:Feather] comment: Taxon notes: They are among the characteristics that distinguish the extant Aves from other living groups. Feathers have also been noticed in those Theropoda which have been termed feathered dinosaurs. Although feathers cover most parts of the body of birds, they arise only from certain well-defined tracts on the skin. They aid in flight, thermal insulation, waterproofing and coloration that helps in communication and protection. Structure notes: The β-keratins in feathers, beaks and claws — and the claws, scales and shells of reptiles — are composed of protein strands hydrogen-bonded into β-pleated sheets, which are then further twisted and crosslinked by disulfide bridges into structures even tougher than the α-keratins of mammalian hair, horns and hoof. subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0000447 xref: EFO:0000955 xref: GAID:1214 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Parts_of_feather_modified.jpg xref: MAT:0000156 xref: MESH:A.13.370 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjW-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:410027006 is_a: UBERON:0000021 ! cutaneous appendage is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis [Term] id: UBERON:0000023 name: wing def: "Appendage that is used to produce lift for flight through the air." [Wikipedia:Wing] comment: This class is not monophyletic. See also: GO:0007629 subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001463 xref: EFO:0000885 xref: GAID:1217 xref: MAT:0000202 xref: MESH:A.13.395.823 xref: MIAA:0000202 is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0000024 name: forelimb wing def: "Forelimb that is used to produce lift for flight through the air." [] comment: Examples: bat wing, bird wing is_a: UBERON:0000023 ! wing is_a: UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0002102 [Term] id: UBERON:0000025 name: tube def: "Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues including lung and trachea, kidney, the mammary gland, the vascular system and the gastrointestinal and urinary-genital tracts. with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system" [GO:0035295, PMID:12526790] synonym: "epithelial or endothelial tube" EXACT [] xref: galen:Tube is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit [Term] id: UBERON:0000026 name: appendage def: "Major subdivision of an organism that protrudes from the body[DOS]. Organ or organ part that is attached to the body of an organism. For example a limb[GO, modified]. An appendage is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's body, such as a vertebrate's limbs[BILA]." [BILA:0000018, GO:0048736, Wikipedia:Appendage] comment: GO includes tree trunks, but excludes antennae. We modify trunk to body in our definition. Note this is currently a subtype of organism subdivision - which would exclude feathers subset: uberon_slim synonym: "limbs/digits/tail" RELATED [MP:0000001] xref: AEO:0000193 xref: BILA:0000018 xref: CARO:0010003 xref: EFO:0000799 xref: EHDAA2:0003193 xref: EV:0100155 xref: FBbt:00007000 xref: HAO:0000144 xref: MAT:0000023 xref: MIAA:0000023 xref: ncithesaurus:Appendage xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViC-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VSAO:0000075 xref: XAO:0000218 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0000029 name: lymph node def: "Oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system. Lymph nodes are garrisons of B, T, and other immune cells. Lymph nodes are found all through the body, and act as filters or traps for foreign particles. They contain white blood cells that use oxygen to process. Thus they are important in the proper functioning of the immune system. The lymph node is surrounded by a fibrous capsule, and inside the lymph node the fibrous capsule extends to form trabeculae. The substance of the lymph node is divided into the outer cortex and the inner medulla surrounded by the former all around except for at the hilum, where the medulla comes in direct contact with the surface. Thin reticular fibers, elastin and reticular fibers form a supporting meshwork called reticular network (RN) inside the node, within which the white blood cells (WBCs), most prominently, lymphocytes are tightly packed as follicles in the cortex. Elsewhere, there are only occasional WBCs. The RN provides not just the structural support, but also provide surface for adhesion of the dendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytes. It allows for exchange of material with blood through the high endothelial venules and provides the growth and regulatory factors necessary for activation and maturation of immune cells[WP]." [GAID:947, Wikipedia:Lymph_node] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lymph gland" RELATED [VHOG:0001273] synonym: "nodus lymphaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lymph_node] xref: BTO:0000784 xref: EFO:0000872 xref: EV:0100050 xref: FMA:5034 xref: GAID:947 xref: galen:Lymphnode xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Illu_lymph_node_structure.png xref: MA:0000139 xref: MAT:0000442 xref: MESH:A.15.382.520.604.412 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwLPqLpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181756000 xref: TAO:0005318 xref: VHOG:0001273 xref: ZFA:0005318 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel relationship: has_part UBERON:0002391 ! lymph relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system property_value: homology_notes "Lymph nodes that are associated with the lymphatic system have evolved in mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001273", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.630", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8570 {source="Wikipedia"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002106 [Term] id: UBERON:0000030 name: lamina propria def: "A thin layer of loose connective tissue which lies beneath the epithelium and together with the epithelium constitutes the mucosa[WP]. The lamina propria contains capillaries and a central lacteal (lymph vessel) in the small intestine, as well as lymphoid tissue. Lamina propria also contains glands with the ducts opening on to the mucosal epithelium, that secrete mucus and serous secretions." [Wikipedia:Lamina_propria] comment: Editor notes: need to implement rules such that "lamina propria of X" is classified as part of some "mucosa of X" subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica propria" RELATED [BTO:0002330] xref: BTO:0002330 xref: FMA:62517 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/GI_Organization.svg/250px-GI_Organization.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lamina_Propria xref: SCTID:298225002 is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: has_part UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0000031 name: lamina propria of trachea synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea lamina propria" EXACT [] synonym: "trachea lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tracheal lamina propria" EXACT [] synonym: "windpipe lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001858 xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Lamina_Propria is_a: UBERON:0004779 ! respiratory system lamina propria relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway [Term] id: UBERON:0000032 name: obsolete cranial structure comment: obsoleted as it was a grouping class that served no purpose is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000033 name: head def: "The head is the anterior-most division of the body [GO]." [GO:0060322, Wikipedia:Head] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "adult head" NARROW [] synonym: "cephalic area" RELATED [SPD:0000016] synonym: "head (volume)" EXACT [FMA:7154] xref: AAO:0010335 xref: AEO:0000106 xref: BILA:0000115 xref: BTO:0000282 xref: EFO:0000964 xref: EHDAA2:0003106 xref: FBbt:00000004 xref: FMA:7154 xref: GAID:61 xref: galen:Head xref: HAO:0000397 xref: MA:0000023 xref: MAT:0000294 xref: MESH:A.01.456 xref: MIAA:0000294 xref: ncithesaurus:Head xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1230 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rEOLm4rgPEdmAAAACs6hRjg xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi6YJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302548004 xref: SPD:0000016 xref: TAO:0001114 xref: TGMA:0000002 xref: VHOG:0001644 xref: WBbt:0005739 xref: XAO:0003024 xref: ZFA:0001114 is_a: UBERON:0011676 ! axial subdivision of organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision that is the part of the body consisting of the cranial and pharyngeal regions.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010335", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision which is the part of the body which consists of the cranial and pharygeal regions.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001114", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrate evolution has been characterized by a fresh and vast array of cranial structures that collectively form the head.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001644", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.82", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000948 property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002100 [Term] id: UBERON:0000035 name: primary ovarian follicle synonym: "folliculus ovaricus primarius" EXACT [] synonym: "ovary primary follicle" EXACT [MA:0002907] synonym: "preantral follicle of ovary" EXACT [] synonym: "primary egg follicle" RELATED [] synonym: "primary follicle of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18634] xref: BTO:0000410 xref: EMAPA:19284 xref: FMA:18634 xref: MA:0002907 xref: SCTID:258665002 is_a: UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0000036 name: secondary ovarian follicle synonym: "antral follice" EXACT [GO:0001547] synonym: "antral follicle of ovary" EXACT [] synonym: "antral ovarian follice" EXACT [GO:0001547] synonym: "folliculus ovaricus secondarius" EXACT [] synonym: "ovary antral follicle" EXACT [MA:0002909] synonym: "ovary secondary follicle" EXACT [MA:0002908] synonym: "secondary egg follicle" RELATED [] synonym: "secondary follicle of ovary" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:29862 xref: FMA:18637 xref: MA:0002908 xref: MA:0002909 is_a: UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000035 ! primary ovarian follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0000037 name: tertiary ovarian follicle def: "Ovarian follicle is the basic unit of female reproductive biology and is composed of roughly spherical aggregations of cells found in the ovary. They contain a single oocyte (aka ovum or egg). These structures are periodically initiated to grow and develop, culminating in ovulation of usually a single competent oocyte. These eggs/ova are only developed once every menstrual cycle (i. e, once a month). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Graafian_follicle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "folliculi ovarici vesiculosi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:18641, FMA:TA] synonym: "folliculus ovaricus tertiarius" EXACT [] synonym: "folliculus ovaricus tertiarius (vesiculosus)" EXACT [FMA:18641] synonym: "folliculus ovaricus tertiarius (vesiculous)" EXACT [] synonym: "Graafian follicle" EXACT [] synonym: "tertiary egg follicle" RELATED [] synonym: "tertiary follicle of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18641] synonym: "vesicular follicle of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18641] synonym: "vesicular ovarian follicle" EXACT [FMA:18641] xref: EMAPA:30763 xref: FMA:18641 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Primary_follicle-4.JPG/200px-Primary_follicle-4.JPG xref: ncithesaurus:Graafian_Follicle xref: SCTID:362261008 is_a: UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000036 ! secondary ovarian follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0000038 name: follicular fluid def: "The fluid surrounding the OVUM and GRANULOSA CELLS in the Graafian follicle ( OVARIAN FOLLICLE). The follicular fluid contains sex steroids, glycoprotein hormones, plasma proteins, mucopolysaccharides, and enzymes." [MESH:D015571, Wikipedia:Follicular_fluid] comment: Follicular fluid is a liquid which fills the follicular antrum and surrounds the ovum in an ovarian follicle. This fluid is rich in hyaluronic acid. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "antral fluid, ovarian follicle" RELATED [] synonym: "liquor follicularis" EXACT [FMA:18665] synonym: "liquor folliculi" EXACT [] synonym: "liquor folliculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Follicular_fluid] synonym: "ovarian follicular fluid" RELATED [BTO:0004383] synonym: "ovary follicle fluid" EXACT [MA:0002511] synonym: "ovary follicular fluid" RELATED [BTO:0004383] xref: BTO:0004383 xref: FMA:18665 xref: GAID:372 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray3.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray3.png/200px-Gray3.png xref: MA:0002511 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.114.630.535.150 xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Follicle_Fluid is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: part_of UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000039 ! follicular antrum [Term] id: UBERON:0000039 name: follicular antrum def: "Region of ovarian follicle filled with follicular fluid." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follicular_antrum, Wikipedia:Follicular_antrum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "antral cavity" EXACT [FMA:18675] synonym: "antrum folliculare" EXACT [FMA:18675] synonym: "antrum follicularum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Follicular_antrum] xref: FMA:18675 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0000040 name: Leydig's organ def: "A hemopoietic organ found in elasmobranchs. Along with the spleen and special tissue around the gonads, this structure produces red blood cells and it is nestled along the top and bottom of the esophagus." [http://www.elasmo-research.org/education/topics/p_blood_cells.htm, Wikipedia:Leydig's_organ] comment: Taxon notes: Found in elasmobranchs (sharks and rays) but with some exceptions. Phenotype notes: Leydig's organ can be quite large - a 1.6-kilogram (3.5-pound) one was reported from a 1.8-metre (6-foot) long Bluntnose Sixgill Shark (Hexanchus griseus). Structure notes: divided into dorsal and ventral patches, gradation varies between species. Lacks erythroblasts and fat cells[Honma 1983] subset: uberon_slim is_a: UBERON:0004177 ! hemopoietic organ is_a: UBERON:0005057 ! immune organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7863 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000041 name: dermal denticle def: "Multi-tissue structure composed of enameloid, dentine surrounding a pulp cavity, and bone of attachment anchoring the element into the dermis[VSAO]. small outgrowths which cover the skin of many cartilaginous fish including sharks. They are similar in structure to teeth, and teeth may have evolved from denticle-like structures in primitive fish.[citation needed] The placoid scales in sharks are formed of dentine with dermal papillae located in the core. These scales develop from the dermal layer of the skin, which is in contrast to the epidermal development seen the in the elasmoid scales of tetrapods. The shape of denticle varies from species to species and can be used in identification. Studies have found that the denticles create tiny vortices that reduce drag to make swimming more efficient. Denticles also allow sharks to swim silently compared to other fish that generate considerable noise when they ply the water[WP]." [VSAO:0000079, Wikipedia:Dermal_denticle] comment: TODO check dentin def // Scales and teeth of sharks are examples of dermal skeletal elements that are still composed of the three ancient components-enamel, dentine, and bone. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "odontode scale" EXACT [VSAO:0000079] synonym: "placoid scale" EXACT [] xref: VSAO:0000079 is_a: UBERON:0004756 ! dermal skeletal element relationship: has_part UBERON:0001751 ! dentine property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure composed of enameloid, dentine surrounding a pulp cavity, and bone of attachment anchoring the element into the dermis.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000079", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000042 name: serous membrane def: "a smooth membrane consisting of a thin layer of cells which excrete serous fluid. Serous membranes line and enclose several body cavities, known as serous cavities, where they secrete a lubricating fluid which reduces friction from muscle movement. Serosa is not to be confused with adventitia, a connective tissue layer which binds together structures rather than reducing friction between them. Each serous membrane is composed of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer underneath. The epithelial layer, known as mesothelium, consists of a single layer of avascular flat nucleated cells (cuboidal epithelium) which produce the lubricating serous fluid. This fluid has a consistency similar to thin mucus. These cells are bound tightly to the underlying connective tissue. The connective tissue layer provides the blood vessels and nerves for the overlying secretory cells, and also serves as the binding layer which allows the whole serous membrane to adhere to organs and other structures.[WP]." [https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/86, Wikipedia:Serous_membrane] comment: in FMA, SM = mesothelium + connective tissue. It excludes the cavity subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "serosa" RELATED [Wikipedia:Serous_membrane] synonym: "tunica serosa" EXACT [FMA:9581] synonym: "tunica seroso" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Serous_membrane] synonym: "wall of serous sac" EXACT [FMA:9581] xref: FMA:9581 xref: GAID:19 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Ens.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Ens.png/200px-Ens.png xref: MESH:A.10.615.789 xref: ncithesaurus:Serosa xref: SCTID:362878009 xref: TAO:0005425 xref: ZFA:0005425 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004457 ! cavity lining relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mesoderm relationship: has_part UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium relationship: has_part UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue property_value: external_definition "A multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005425", ontology="TAO", source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serous_membrane"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000043 name: tendon def: "Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000073, Wikipedia:Tendon] comment: AO notes: in FMA, tendon is an organ component that with parts dense-irregular-connective-tissue of tendon and dense-irregular-connective-tissue of tendon sheath; we follow VSAO in making it a subtype of the former. In VSAO tendons connect muscle to bone; in WP the def states integument (e.g. auricular muscles) - but JB confirms this is not actually tendon but aponeurosis subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sinew" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tendon] synonym: "tendo" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tendon] xref: AEO:0000091 xref: BTO:0001356 xref: EHDAA2:0003091 xref: EV:0100149 xref: FMA:9721 xref: GAID:276 xref: galen:Tendon xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Achilles-tendon.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Achilles-tendon.jpg/200px-Achilles-tendon.jpg xref: MA:0000115 xref: MESH:A.02.880 xref: ncithesaurus:Tendon xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjefJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:256667004 xref: VHOG:0001286 xref: VSAO:0000073 xref: XAO:0000173 xref: ZFA:0005647 is_a: UBERON:0007846 {source="VSAO"} ! dense regular connective tissue relationship: connects UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 {source="OG"} ! musculoskeletal system property_value: external_definition "Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000073", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetically, tendinous tissue first appears in the invertebrate chordate Branchiostoma as myosepta. This two-dimensional array of collagen fibers is highly organized, with fibers running along two primary axes. In hagfish the first linear tendons appear and the myosepta have developed specialized regions with unidirectional fiber orientation - a linear tendon within the flat sheet of myoseptum.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001286", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S1095-6433(02)00241-6 Summers AP, Koob TJ, The evolution of tendon - morphology and material properties. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology-Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology (2002)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000044 name: dorsal root ganglion def: "ganglion on the dorsal root of each spinal nerve that is one of a series of ganglia lodging cell bodies of sensory neurons[BTO]. Trunk ganglion which is located adjacent to the spine on a dorsal root and contains the cell bodies of afferent sensory nerves[..]. one on the posterior root of each spinal nerve, composed of unipolar nerve cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the nerve[TFD]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_root_ganglion] comment: Development notes: The sensory ganglia of spinal nerves arise only from the neural crest, whereas many sensory ganglia of the “dorsal” cranial nerves arise from epibranchial placodes as well as the neural crest[doi: 10.1093/icb/icn065]. Other ontology notes: FMA treats dorsal root ganglion and spinal ganglion as equivalent labels. MA is the only ontology to introduce two classes here (also EHDAA2) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal root ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [BTO:0001264] synonym: "DRG" RELATED [] synonym: "ganglion of dorsal root" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis" RELATED [BTO:0001264] synonym: "ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_root_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion spinale" RELATED [BTO:0001264] synonym: "ganglion spinalis" EXACT [FMA:5888] synonym: "spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5888] xref: AAO:0011032 xref: BTO:0001264 xref: EFO:0000900 xref: EHDAA2:0000418 xref: EHDAA2:0001897 xref: EHDAA:2899 xref: EMAPA:16668 xref: EMAPA:18372 xref: EV:0100373 xref: FMA:5888 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/DRG_Chicken_e7.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/DRG_Chicken_e7.jpg/200px-DRG_Chicken_e7.jpg xref: MA:0000231 xref: MA:0000232 xref: MAT:0000162 xref: MIAA:0000162 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Root_Ganglion xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2596 xref: SCTID:244455004 xref: TAO:0000200 xref: VHOG:0000222 xref: XAO:0000210 xref: ZFA:0000200 is_a: UBERON:0001800 {source="MA"} ! sensory ganglion is_a: UBERON:0003338 ! ganglion of peripheral nervous system is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002261 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002261 ! dorsal root of spinal cord relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003083 {source="UBERONREF:0000002", source="ZFA"} ! trunk neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002261 ! dorsal root of spinal cord property_value: external_definition "Trunk ganglion which is located adjacent to the spine on a dorsal root and contains the cell bodies of afferent sensory nerves.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000200", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "From comparative analyses of craniate brains, a morphotype of the brain in the earliest craniate stock can be constructed. In marked contrast to cephalochordates, the ancestral craniate morphotype had a plethora of unique features, which included a telencephalon with pallial and subpallial parts, paired olfactory bulbs with substantial projections to most or all of the telencephalic pallium, paired lateral eyes and ears, a lateral line system for both electroreception and mechanoreception, spinal cord dorsal root ganglia, and an autonomic nervous system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000222", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/1097-0185(20000615)261:3<111::AID-AR6>3.0.CO;2-F Butler AB, Chordate evolution and the origin of craniates: An old brain in a new head. AnaT Rec (New Anat) (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000045 name: ganglion def: "A biological tissue mass, most commonly a mass of nerve cell bodies." [Wikipedia:Ganglion] comment: TODO - check vert vs invert. Other species: Any of a number of aggregations of neurons, glial cells and their processes, surrounded by a glial cell and connective tissue sheath (plural: ganglia). // Subdivision of neural tree (organ) which primarily consists of cell bodies of neurons located outside the neuraxis (brain and spinal cord); together with a nucleus and its associated nerve, it constitutes a neural tree (organ). Examples: spinal ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, superior cervical ganglion, celiac ganglion, inferior hypogastric (pelvic) ganglion. // a cluster of nerve cells and associated glial cells (nuclear location) // Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system. // Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com). subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ganglia" RELATED [] synonym: "neural ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0000497] xref: AAO:0010426 xref: AEO:0000135 xref: BTO:0000497 xref: EFO:0000899 xref: EHDAA2:0003135 xref: EHDAA:2897 xref: EHDAA:4662 xref: EHDAA:5621 xref: EHDAA:918 xref: EV:0100372 xref: FBbt:00005137 xref: FMA:5884 xref: MA:0002406 xref: MAT:0000207 xref: MAT:0000343 xref: MESH:A.08.340 xref: MIAA:0000207 xref: MIAA:0000343 xref: ncithesaurus:Ganglion xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100302 xref: TAO:0000190 xref: TGMA:0001016 xref: VHOG:0000156 xref: WBbt:0005189 xref: XAO:0000209 xref: ZFA:0000190 is_a: UBERON:0003714 {source="EHDAA2"} ! neural tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0002420 ! basal ganglion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003869 {evidence="definitional"} ! presumptive ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that contains cell bodies of neurons and is located outside the central nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010426", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Structures containing a collection of nerve cell bodies. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000190", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Cranial sensory placodes are focused areas of the head ectoderm of vertebrates that contribute to the development of the cranial sense organs and their associated ganglia. Placodes have long been considered a key character of vertebrates, and their evolution is proposed to have been essential for the evolution of an active predatory lifestyle by early vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000156", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.021 Mazet F, Hutt JA, Milloz J, Millard J, Graham A, Shimeld SM, Molecular evidence from Ciona intestinalis for the evolutionary origin of vertebrate sensory placodes. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000046 name: stemma def: "eye-spots which may be set into a pit to reduce the angles of light that enters and affects the eyespot, to allow the organism to deduce the angle of incoming light" [Wikipedia:Eye#Pit_eyes, Wikipedia:Stemma] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pit eye" EXACT [Wikipedia:Eye#Pit_eyes] is_a: UBERON:0000047 ! simple eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000047 name: simple eye def: "An eye with one concave chamber. Note that 'simple' does not imply a reduced level of complexity or acuity." [Wikipedia:Eye#Simple_eyes] subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim xref: TGMA:0000729 is_a: UBERON:0000970 ! eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000048 name: pinhole eye def: "Simple eye that has a small aperture (which may be adjustable) and deep pit. It is only found in the nautiloids." [DOI:10.1146/annurev.ne.15.030192.000245, Wikipedia:Pinhole_eye] subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim is_a: UBERON:0000047 ! simple eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000049 name: spherical lensed eye def: "simple eye that consists of a lens of one refractive index" [Wikipepedia:Eye#Spherical_lensed_eye] subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0000047 ! simple eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000050 name: simple eye with multiple lenses def: "simple eye that has two or more lenses. Some marine organisms bear more than one lens; for instance the copeopod Pontella has three. The outer has a parabolic surface, countering the effects of spherical aberration while allowing a sharp image to be formed. Copilla's eyes have two lenses, which move in and out like a telescope" [Wikipedia:Eye#Multiple_lenses] subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim is_a: UBERON:0000047 ! simple eye relationship: has_part UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000051 name: fornix of vagina def: "The deepest portions of the vagina, extending into the recesses created by the vaginal portion of cervix[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_fornix] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fornix" BROAD [] synonym: "fornix vaginae" EXACT [] synonym: "fornix vaginae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19985, FMA:TA] synonym: "vaginal fornix" EXACT [] xref: FMA:19985 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png xref: ncithesaurus:Vaginal_Fornix xref: SCTID:245475003 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity disjoint_from: UBERON:0000052 ! fornix of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0000052 name: fornix of brain def: "The fornix (Latin, 'vault' or 'arch') is a C-shaped bundle of fibres in the brain, and carries signals from the hippocampus to the mammillary bodies and septal nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_fornix_of_brain_of_brain] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brain fornix" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebral fornix" EXACT [] synonym: "fornix" BROAD [] synonym: "fornix of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83865] synonym: "neuraxis fornix" EXACT [FMA:83865] xref: FMA:83865 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray747.png/200px-Gray747.png xref: MA:0002747 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Fornix xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_705 xref: SCTID:279302004 is_a: UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0000053 name: macula lutea def: "Oval yellow spot near the center of the retina of the human eye. It has a diameter of around 5 mm and is often histologically defined as having two or more layers of ganglion cells. Near its center is the fovea, a small pit that contains the largest concentration of cone cells in the eye and is responsible for central vision, and also contains the parafovea and perifovea[WP]. It is devoid of retinal blood vessels, except in its periphery, and receives nourishment from the choriocapillaris of the choroid. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)" [MESH:A.09.371.729.522, Wikipedia:Macula_of_retina] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "macula" RELATED [] synonym: "macula flava retinae" RELATED [BTO:0003015] synonym: "macula retinae" RELATED [BTO:0003015] synonym: "maculae" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0003015 xref: EV:0100349 xref: FMA:58637 xref: GAID:909 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png/200px-Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png xref: MA:0001306 xref: MESH:A.09.371.729.522 xref: ncithesaurus:Macula xref: ncithesaurus:Macula_Lutea xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2540 xref: SCTID:362517001 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0000054 ! macula relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina [Term] id: UBERON:0000054 name: macula def: "Thickened areas of the saccule or utricle where the termination of the vestibular nerve occurs[MESH,modified]." [MESH:A.09.246.631.909.625.125] comment: Usage notes: this refers to the inner ear structure, not the macula of the retina. We follow ZFA in including a grouping class for the macula of utricle and sacule subset: uberon_slim synonym: "acoustic macula" RELATED [MESH:A.09.246.631.909.625.125] synonym: "acoustic maculae" RELATED PLURAL [MESH:A.09.246.631.909.625.125] synonym: "macula" EXACT [] synonym: "maculae" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "sensory macula" EXACT [ZFA:0000386] synonym: "sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000386] xref: GAID:777 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.909.625.125 xref: TAO:0000386 xref: ZFA:0000386 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear property_value: external_definition "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000386", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000055 name: vessel def: "A tubular structure that contains, conveys body fluid, such as blood or lymph." [UBERON:cjm] comment: compare with UBERON:0008782 subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit [Term] id: UBERON:0000056 name: ureter def: "Muscular duct that propels urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, or related organs. In humans, organ with organ cavity which connects the renal sinus to the urinary bladder. Examples: the right and the left ureters." [FMA:9704, GO:0090189, Wikipedia:Ureter] subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "metanephric duct" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584, VHOG:0000605] xref: AAO:0010254 xref: BTO:0001409 xref: EFO:0000930 xref: EHDAA2:0002139 xref: EHDAA:9341 xref: EMAPA:17950 xref: EV:0100097 xref: FMA:9704 xref: GAID:438 xref: galen:Ureter xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Urinary_system.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Urinary_system.svg/200px-Urinary_system.svg.png xref: MA:0000378 xref: MAT:0000120 xref: MESH:A.05.810.776 xref: MIAA:0000120 xref: ncithesaurus:Ureter xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvhmm6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302511008 xref: VHOG:0000605 xref: XAO:0000144 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005179 ! pelvis organ is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001088 ! urine relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005081 {source="GO"} ! ureter ureteric bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 {xref="MA:0000378"} ! pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0011143 {source="FMA"} ! upper urinary tract property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure consisting of long narrow duct which carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010254", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The duct of amniotes that carries urine from a metanephric kidney to the urinary bladder. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000605", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The first embryonic hint of a metanephros is the formation of the metanephric duct that appears as a ureteric diverticulum arising at the base of preexisting mesonephric duct. The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes, and the metanephric duct is usually called the ureter.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000605", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.543", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000057 name: urethra def: "A tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. In males, the urethra travels through the penis, and carries semen as well as urine. In females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening. The external urethral sphincter is a striated muscle that allows voluntary control over urination." [Wikipedia:Urethra] subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001426 xref: EFO:0000931 xref: EMAPA:30901 xref: EV:0100099 xref: FMA:19667 xref: GAID:390 xref: galen:Urethra xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png xref: MA:0000379 xref: MAT:0000121 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.492.726 xref: MIAA:0000121 xref: ncithesaurus:Urethra xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjkypwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302513006 xref: VHOG:0001264 xref: XAO:0000153 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001088 ! urine relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000164 {source="Wikipedia"} ! primitive urogenital sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract [Term] id: UBERON:0000058 name: duct def: "A tube shaped portion of tissue lined with epithelial cells that collects secretions and routes them to their destination[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Duct_(anatomy), ZFA:0005171] comment: TODO - make distinctions between duct and tube clearer. Single layer of cells vs multiples? Function (e.g. exocrine gland duct?). Different ontologies use it in different ways. Consider adding duct of gland subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anatomical duct" EXACT [] synonym: "exocrine duct" NARROW [] synonym: "exocrine gland duct" NARROW [] xref: AAO:0011123 xref: FMA:30320 xref: galen:Duct xref: ncithesaurus:Duct xref: SCTID:91726008 xref: TAO:0005171 xref: XAO:0004000 xref: ZFA:0005171 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit [Term] id: UBERON:0000059 name: large intestine def: "The large intestine consists of the cecum and colon[WP]. Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the small intestine and distally with the anal canal.[FMA]." [FMA:7201, Wikipedia:Large_intestine_(anatomy)] subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim synonym: "intestinum crassum" RELATED [BTO:0000706] xref: AAO:0010396 xref: BTO:0000706 xref: EFO:0000840 xref: EMAPA:19252 xref: EV:0100077 xref: FMA:7201 xref: GAID:306 xref: galen:LargeIntestine xref: MA:0000333 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.495 xref: MIAA:0000046 xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestine xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkF5pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181254001 xref: VHOG:0000054 xref: XAO:0000131 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine property_value: homology_notes "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000054", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000060 name: anatomical wall alt_id: UBERON:0009915 def: "Anatomical organ component enclosing an organ cavity." [FMA:82482] comment: merged FMA organ wall in to this class subset: upper_level synonym: "organ wall" RELATED [FMA:82482] synonym: "wall" EXACT [] synonym: "wall of organ" EXACT [FMA:82482] xref: EMAPA:25036 xref: FMA:82482 xref: galen:Wall is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000061 name: anatomical structure def: "Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome." [CARO:0000003] subset: upper_level synonym: "biological structure" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010825 xref: AEO:0000003 xref: BILA:0000003 xref: CARO:0000003 xref: EHDAA2:0003003 xref: FBbt:00007001 xref: FMA:67135 xref: GAID:781 xref: HAO:0000003 xref: MA:0003000 xref: MESH:A.13 xref: SCTID:362889002 xref: TAO:0000037 xref: TGMA:0001823 xref: VHOG:0001759 xref: XAO:0003000 xref: ZFA:0000037 is_a: UBERON:0000465 ! material anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0000062 name: organ def: "Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions [WP]. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions[GO]." [Wikipedia:Organ_(anatomy)] comment: note that CARO does not include a generic 'organ' class, only simple and compound organ subset: upper_level xref: EFO:0000634 xref: FMA:67498 xref: MA:0003001 xref: ncithesaurus:Organ xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv5XMb5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3iWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:110815 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000063 name: organ segment def: "Organ region with one or more fixed or anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: artery, trunk of nerve, cervical part of esophagus, pelvic part of vagina, horn of thyroid cartilage, anterior segment of eyeball[FMA]." [FMA:86140] subset: upper_level synonym: "organ region with fixed fiat boundary" EXACT [FMA:86140] synonym: "segment of organ" EXACT [FMA:86140] xref: FMA:86140 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0000064 name: organ part def: "anatomical structure which has as its direct parts two or more types of tissue and is continuous with one or more anatomical structures likewise constituted by two or more portions of tissues distinct from those of their complement. Examples: osteon, cortical bone, neck of femur, bronchopulmonary segment, left lobe of liver, anterior right side of heart, interventricular branch of left coronary artery, right atrium, mitral valve, head of pancreas[FMA]." [FMA:82472] subset: disjointness_axiom_removed subset: upper_level synonym: "cardinal organ part" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011124 xref: EFO:0000635 xref: FMA:82472 xref: SCTID:91717005 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000062 ! organ [Term] id: UBERON:0000065 name: respiratory tract def: "anatomical structure that is part of the respiratory system. In mammals consists of upper and lower tracts" [UBERON:cjm] xref: EHDAA2:0001606 xref: EHDAA:1568 xref: EHDAA:2219 xref: EMAPA:16737 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvM--pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361110005 xref: VHOG:0000393 is_a: UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0000066 name: fully formed stage def: "The stage of development at which the animal is fully formed, including immaturity and maturity. Includes both juvenile stage, and adult stage. " [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "adult stage" BROAD [] synonym: "fully formed animal stage" EXACT [] synonym: "juvenile-adult stage" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001043 xref: FBdv:00005369 xref: WBls:0000041 is_a: UBERON:0000092 ! post-embryonic stage relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000111 ! organogenesis stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000067 name: embryo stage part def: "A stage that is part of the embryo stage." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "embryonic stage part" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 intersection_of: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000068 name: embryo stage def: "A life cycle stage that starts with fertilization and ends with the fully formed embryo." [] synonym: "embryogenesis" RELATED [] synonym: "embryonic stage" EXACT [] xref: EV:0300001 xref: FBdv:00005289 xref: OGES:000000 xref: OGES:000022 xref: SCTID:296280003 xref: XAO:1000012 is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage disjoint_from: UBERON:0000092 ! post-embryonic stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000104 ! life cycle [Term] id: UBERON:0000069 name: larval stage def: "a distinct juvenile stage many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle." [Wikipedia:Larva] comment: It is a misunderstanding that the larval form always reflects the group's evolutionary history. It could be the case, but often the larval stage has evolved secondarily, as in insects. In these cases the larval form might differ more from the group's common origin than the adult form[WP]. Uberon includes clade-specific subclasses. synonym: "ammocoete" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "ammocoete stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "bipinnaria" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "bipinnaria stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "caterpillar" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "caterpillar stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "glochidium" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "glochidium stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "grub" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "grub stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "larva" RELATED [] synonym: "larva stage" EXACT [] synonym: "leptocephalus" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "leptocephalus stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "maggot" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "maggot stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "metacestode" NARROW SENSU [BTO:0000859] synonym: "naiad, nymph" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "naiad, nymph stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "nauplius" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "nauplius stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "nymph" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "nymph stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "planula" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "planula stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "tornaria" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:10219] synonym: "trochophore" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "trochophore stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "veliger" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "veliger stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "wriggler" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "wriggler stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "zoea" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "zoea stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] xref: BTO:0000915 xref: BTO:0000954 xref: EFO:0001303 xref: OGES:000008 is_a: UBERON:0000092 ! post-embryonic stage relationship: directly_preceded_by UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32524 [Term] id: UBERON:0000070 name: pupal stage def: "A life stage of some insects undergoing transformation. The pupal stage is found only in holometabolous insects, those that undergo a complete metamorphosis, going through four life stages; embryo, larva, pupa and imago." [Wikipedia:Pupa] synonym: "pupa stage" EXACT [] xref: FBdv:00005349 is_a: UBERON:0000092 ! post-embryonic stage relationship: directly_preceded_by UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000071 name: death stage def: "End of the life of an organism." [XAO:0000437] comment: AO notes - ncit:Death is an outcome synonym: "death" EXACT [] xref: XAO:0000437 is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage relationship: finishes UBERON:0000104 ! life cycle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000104 ! life cycle [Term] id: UBERON:0000072 name: segment of respiratory tract def: "An organ segment that is part of a respiratory tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Note that MA:0000434 has subclasses upper and lower, so it corresponds to a segment of the tract, rather than the tract as a whole synonym: "respiratory tract" RELATED [MA:0000434] xref: MA:0000434 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000065 intersection_of: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0000073 name: regional part of nervous system def: "An anatomical structure that is part of a nervous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative subset: upper_level synonym: "part of nervous system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1157] xref: ncithesaurus:Nervous_System_Part xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1157 xref: SCTID:25087005 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system created_by: Melissa Haendel creation_date: 2009-06-18T09:00:04Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000074 name: renal glomerulus def: "A capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney[GO]." [MP:0005325, Wikipedia:Glomerulus] comment: ZFA - The multi-tissue structure where the glomerular basement membrane supported by mesonephric podocytes filters blood from the glomerular capillaries. TODO - split glomerulus and glomerular tuft? DONE. GUDMAP: 'Together, the Bowman’s capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle.' - here the glomerulus is part of the capsule? subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "glomerular capillary tuft" RELATED [ZFA:0001288] synonym: "glomerular tuft" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "glomerulus" BROAD [] synonym: "glomerulus renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Glomerulus] synonym: "malphigian glomerulus" RELATED [BTO:0000530] synonym: "renal corpuscle" RELATED [] synonym: "renal glomeruli" EXACT [TAO:0001288] xref: BTO:0000530 xref: EFO:0003667 xref: EV:0100386 xref: FMA:15624 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Renal_corpuscle.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray1130.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray1130.svg/200px-Gray1130.svg.png xref: MA:0001657 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.736.520 xref: ncithesaurus:Glomerulus xref: SCTID:362217000 xref: TAO:0001288 xref: ZFA:0001288 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0001047 ! neural glomerulus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 {source="Wikipedia"} ! metanephric mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005749 ! glomerular tuft relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 ! renal corpuscle relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001230 ! glomerular capsule created_by: Melissa Haendel creation_date: 2009-06-18T09:26:37Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000075 name: subdivision of skeletal system alt_id: UBERON:0010322 def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements and articular elements that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] subset: non_informative synonym: "skeletal system part" RELATED [] synonym: "skeletal system subdivision" EXACT [FMA:85544] xref: FMA:85544 xref: galen:ComplexSkeletalStructure xref: ncithesaurus:Skeletal_System_Part xref: SCTID:118966000 is_a: UBERON:0011216 {source="cjm"} ! organ system subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0000076 name: external ectoderm def: "The surface ectoderm (or external ectoderm forms the following structures: Skin Epithelium of the mouth and nasal cavity saliavary glands, and glands of mouth and nasal cavity Enamel - as a side note dentin and dental pulp are formed from ectomesenchyme which is derived from ectoderm Epithelium of pineal and pituitary glands Lens and cornea of the eye Apical ectodermal ridge inducing development of the limb buds of the embryo. Sensory receptors in epidermis [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:External_ectoderm] comment: Editor note: merge with non-neural. In vertebrates, the ectoderm has three parts: external ectoderm (also known as surface ectoderm), the neurectoderm (neural crest, and neural tube). synonym: "surface ectoderm" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001968 xref: EHDAA:1494 xref: EHDAA:350 xref: EHDAA:4784 xref: EHDAA:4790 xref: EHDAA:4796 xref: EHDAA:7860 xref: EMAPA:16096 xref: EMAPA:16539 xref: FMA:87656 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Ectoderm.png/200px-Ectoderm.png xref: ncithesaurus:Surface_Ectoderm is_a: UBERON:0000923 ! germ layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0000077 name: mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure def: "An anatomical structure that develops from the endoderm and the mesoderm." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Grouping term for query purposes. Notes that the developmental relationships are being refined such that most structures should develop in whole from at most one layer, but may have contributions from multiple subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0000078 name: mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure def: "An anatomical structure that develops from the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Grouping term for query purposes. Notes that the developmental relationships are being refined such that most structures should develop in whole from at most one layer, but may have contributions from multiple subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0000079 name: male reproductive system def: "the organs associated with producing offspring in the gender that produces spermatozoa." [MP:0001145] synonym: "genitalia of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male genital organ" RELATED [BTO:0000082] synonym: "male genital system" EXACT [FMA:45664] synonym: "male genitalia" EXACT [] synonym: "male genitals" EXACT [] synonym: "male organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male reproductive tract" RELATED [MA:0000396] synonym: "reproductive system of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "systema genitale masculinum" RELATED [BTO:0000082] xref: BTO:0000082 xref: EFO:0000970 xref: EHDAA2:0001054 xref: EHDAA:8136 xref: EMAPA:17968 xref: EV:0100101 xref: FBbt:00004927 xref: FMA:45664 xref: GAID:386 xref: HAO:0000505 xref: MA:0000396 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444 xref: ncithesaurus:Male_Genitalia xref: ncithesaurus:Male_Reproductive_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361340001 xref: TGMA:0000634 xref: VHOG:0000725 xref: WBbt:0008423 xref: XAO:0000155 is_a: UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 intersection_of: UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism disjoint_from: UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism property_value: homology_notes "By far, sexual reproduction is the more common pattern among living vertebrate forms and its widespread occurrence suggests that it is the plesiomorphic, or primitive, reproductive mode among the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000725", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0792383369 Lombardi J, Comparative vertebrate reproduction (1998) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000080 name: mesonephros def: "In mammals, the mesonephros is the second of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the mesonephros will form the mature kidney[GO]. One of three excretory organs that develop in vertebrates. It serves as the main excretory organ of aquatic vertebrates and as a temporary kidney in higher vertebrates. composed of the mesonephric duct (also called the Wolffian duct), mesonephric tubules, and associated capillary tufts. A single tubule and its associated capillary tuft is called a mesonephric excretory unit; these units are similar in structure and function to nephrons of the adult kidney. The mesonephros is derived from intermediate mesoderm in the vertebrate embryo." [GO:0001823, Wikipedia:Mesonephros] comment: By contrast to the pronephros, the histological features of the mesonephros, with its primitive glomeruli, suggest that it probably functions as a primitive kidney, and is involved in the production of much of the amniotic fluid. Within the two mesonephroi, one located on either side of the dorsal mesentery of the hindgut, a substantial number (in the region of about 40 or more) of cranio-caudally segmented mesonephric tubules are formed. It has, however, been suggested that only the most rostrally located 4-6 pairs of mesonephric tubules drain into the mesonephric portion of the nephric duct. This is now seen to extend along the length of the mesonephroi, being located towards their lateral sides. The mesonephros is also retained over a considerably longer period than the pronephros, but gradually undergoes regression in a cranio-caudal direction. While the rostral part displays clear evidence of regression its more caudal part appears to display evidence of functional activity. Within the medial part of the mesonephros, vesicles are formed, although no glomeruli are formed there in this species. It is, however, difficult to believe that the relatively enormous mesonephroi do not have an excretory role in the mouse, only serving as a base for gonadal differentiation. In the human embryo, the medial part of the mesonephric tubules enlarges, become invaginated by capillaries, and form glomeruli. These then take on an excretory role. In the mouse, the mesonephric ducts appear to be patent throughout their length[GUDMAP] comment: Taxon notes: The mesonephros persists and form the permanent kidneys in fishes and amphibians, but in reptiles, birds, and mammals, it atrophies and for the most part disappears rapidly as the permanent kidney (metanephros) begins to develop during the sixth or seventh week. By the beginning of the fifth month only the ducts and a few of the tubules of the mesonephros remain[WP] subset: organ_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mesonephric kidney" EXACT [XAO:0000141] synonym: "mesonephroi" EXACT PLURAL [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron] synonym: "opisthonephros" RELATED [VHOG:0000038, XAO:0000141] synonym: "opisto nephros" RELATED [] synonym: "opistonephros" RELATED [http://www.usm.maine.edu/bio/courses/bio205/bio205_26_sex.html] synonym: "Wolffian body" EXACT [BTO:0001542, GOC:yaf, MESH:A.16.254.500, Wikipedia:Mesonephros] xref: AAO:0010384 xref: BTO:0001542 xref: EFO:0000928 xref: EHDAA2:0001130 xref: EHDAA:1581 xref: EHDAA:5903 xref: EMAPA:16744 xref: EMAPA:17369 xref: EMAPA:27644 xref: FMA:72171 xref: GAID:1308 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Gray986.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Gray986.png/200px-Gray986.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Mesonephros xref: SCTID:308799002 xref: TAO:0000529 xref: VHOG:0000038 xref: XAO:0000141 xref: ZFA:0000529 is_a: UBERON:0002113 ! kidney is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros property_value: external_definition "A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the middle region of the nephric ridge; a transient embryonic stage that replaces the pronephros, but is itself replaced by the adult metanephros [in mammals; in fishes and amphibians it is the adult kidney]. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.745][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000038", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Organ that is the definitive adult kidney. It replaces the earlier pronephros, which degenerates as the mesonephros becomes functional in feeding stage tadpoles.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010384", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "As the pronephros regresses, the archinephric duct induces the sequential differentiation of tubules in the more caudal parts of the nephric ridge. (...) Tubules that differentiate in the middle part of the nephric ridge form a kidney called the mesonephros. This kidney functions in the embryos and larvae of all vertebrates. (...) In all vertebrate embryos, the kidney begins with the differentiation of a few renal tubules from the anterior end of the nephric ridge overlying the pericardial cavity. (...) This early-developing embryonic kidney is called the pronephros.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000038", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000081 name: metanephros def: "In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine[GO]. During the fifth week of gestation, the mesonephric duct develops an outpouching, the ureteric bud, near its attachment to the cloaca. This bud, also called the metanephrogenic diverticulum, grows posteriorly and towards the head of the embryo. The elongated stalk of the ureteric bud, the metanephric duct, later forms the ureter. As the cranial end of the bud extends into the intermediate mesoderm, it undergoes a series of branchings to form the collecting duct system of the kidney. It also forms the major and minor calyces and the renal pelvis." [GO:0001656, Wikipedia:Metanephros#Metanephros] comment: TODO check developmental relationships subset: organ_slim synonym: "definite kidney" RELATED [BTO:0001543] synonym: "definitive kidney" RELATED [BTO:0001543] synonym: "hind kidney" RELATED [BTO:0001543] synonym: "metanephric kidney" RELATED [VHOG:0000039] synonym: "metanephron" EXACT [BTO:0001543] xref: BTO:0001543 xref: EHDAA2:0001137 xref: EHDAA:3089 xref: EHDAA:5911 xref: EMAPA:17207 xref: EMAPA:17373 xref: FMA:72172 xref: ncithesaurus:Metanephros xref: SCTID:308797000 xref: VHOG:0000039 is_a: UBERON:0002113 ! kidney is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0000080 {source="ISBN:9780878932504"} ! mesonephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 {evidence="definitional"} ! metanephric mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005080 {source="GO"} ! metanephric ureteric bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005753 ! caudal part of nephrogenic cord property_value: external_definition "A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the posterior region of the nephric ridge and drained by a ureter; replaces the embryonic pronephros and mesonephros [in mammals]. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.745][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000039", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000039", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.543", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000082 name: adult mammalian kidney is_a: UBERON:0002113 ! kidney is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud [Term] id: UBERON:0000083 name: mesonephric tubule def: "A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros[GO]. Genital ridge that is next to the mesonephros[WP]." [Wikipedia:Mesonephric_tubules] comment: TODO check synonym: "renal tubules" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000500] synonym: "tubuli mesonephrici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mesonephric_tubules] xref: AAO:0010389 xref: EHDAA2:0001134 xref: EMAPA:27588 xref: EMAPA:27659 xref: VHOG:0000500 xref: XAO:0000148 is_a: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0005103 ! mesonephric epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros property_value: external_definition "Any of the renal tubules composing the mesonephros. In mammals they function as excretory structures during the early embryonic development but are later incorporated into the reproductive system. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000500", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mesonephric+tubule"} property_value: homology_notes "As the pronephros regresses, the archinephric duct induces the sequential differentiation of tubules in the more caudal parts of the nephric ridge. (...) Tubules that differentiate in the middle part of the nephric ridge form a kidney called the mesonephros. This kidney functions in the embryos and larvae of all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000500", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000084 name: ureteric bud def: "a protrusion from the mesonephric duct during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It later develops into the adult kidney, except for the nephrons, which, in contrast, originate from the metanephric blastema[WP]. epithelial swelling on the Wolffian duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme[MP]" [MP:0010979, PMID:19828308, Wikipedia:Ureteric_bud] synonym: "diverticulum" RELATED [BTO:0001646] synonym: "gemma ureterica; diverticulum metanephricum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ureteric_bud] synonym: "metanephric bud" RELATED [BTO:0001646] synonym: "metanephric diverticulum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Metanephros#Metanephros] synonym: "ureteric diverticulum" RELATED [VHOG:0000541] xref: BTO:0001646 xref: EHDAA2:0002140 xref: EHDAA:3091 xref: EHDAA:5917 xref: EMAPA:17209 xref: EMAPA:17376 xref: ncithesaurus:Metanephric_Diverticulum xref: SCTID:361528000 xref: VHOG:0000541 is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule is_a: UBERON:0007499 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial sac relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesonephric duct relationship: induced_by UBERON:0003220 {source="ISBN:9780878932504"} ! metanephric mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct property_value: external_definition "Outgrowth of the mesonephric duct that penetrates the metanephric mesoderm and forms the ureter, renal pelvis, major and minor calyces and collecting ducts. [Embryology, See_Dudek_RW_and_Fix_JD, Third_Edition_(2004)_Philadelphia:_Lippincott_William_and_Wilkins, p.137][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000541", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The first embryonic hint of a metanephros is the formation of the metanephric duct that appears as a ureteric diverticulum arising at the base of preexisting mesonephric duct. The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes, and the metanephric duct is usually called the ureter.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000541", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.543", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000085 name: morula def: "An embryo at an early stage of embryonic development, consisting of cells (called blastomeres) in a solid ball contained within the zona pellucida[WP] The compacted embryo before cavity formation." [Wikipedia:Morula] comment: EHDAA2 has embryo starting later xref: BTO:0001508 xref: EHDAA2:0000005 xref: GAID:1295 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Blastulation.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Blastulation.png/200px-Blastulation.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.270.550 xref: ncithesaurus:Morula xref: SCTID:361474003 xref: XAO:1000029 is_a: UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0004716 {source="EHDAA2"} ! conceptus relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000086 ! zona pellucida [Term] id: UBERON:0000086 name: zona pellucida def: "A glycoprotein membrane surrounding the plasma membrane of an oocyte. It is a vital constitutive part of the latter, external but not extraneous to it. The zona pellucida first appears in multilaminar primary oocytes." [Wikipedia:Zona_pellucida] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "oolemma" RELATED [BTO:0003135] synonym: "pellucid zone" RELATED [BTO:0003135] synonym: "striated membrane" RELATED [BTO:0003135] synonym: "vitelline envelope" RELATED [] synonym: "vitelline membrane" RELATED [] synonym: "zona pellucida - vitelline membrane" BROAD [VHOG:0000720] synonym: "zona radiata" RELATED [BTO:0003135] synonym: "zona striata" RELATED [BTO:0003135] xref: BTO:0003135 xref: EHDAA2:0002220 xref: EHDAA:31 xref: EHDAA:62 xref: EMAPA:16035 xref: EMAPA:16049 xref: FMA:18674 xref: GAID:410 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray3.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray3.png/200px-Gray3.png xref: MA:0001715 xref: MESH:A.05.360.490.690.950 xref: ncithesaurus:Zona_Pellucida xref: TAO:0001111 xref: VHOG:0000720 xref: ZFA:0001111 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad property_value: homology_notes "Outside the plasma membrane, three envelopes surround the ovum. The first, the primary egg envelope, lies between the plasma membrane and the surrounding cells of the ovary. The most consistent component of this primary layer is the vitelline membrane, a transparent jacket of fibrous protein. In mammals, the homologous structure is called the zona pellucida.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000720", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.159", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000087 name: inner cell mass def: "Mass of cells inside the primordial embryo that will eventually give rise to the definitive structures of the fetus. This structure forms in the earliest steps of development, before implantation into the endometrium of the uterus has occurred. The ICM lies within the blastocoele (more correctly termed 'blastocyst cavity', as it is not strictly homologous to the blastocoele of anamniote vertebrates) and is entirely surrounded by the single layer of cells called trophoblast." [Wikipedia:Inner_cell_mass] subset: early_development synonym: "embryoblast" RELATED [] synonym: "embryoblastus; massa cellularis interna; pluriblastus senior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inner_cell_mass] synonym: "ICM" RELATED [VHOG:0000742] synonym: "pluriblast" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0000547 xref: EHDAA2:0000830 xref: EHDAA:40 xref: EMAPA:16041 xref: FMA:86557 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Blastocyst_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Blastocyst_English.svg/200px-Blastocyst_English.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Inner_Cell_Mass xref: SCTID:361456007 xref: VHOG:0000742 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000085 {source="EHDAA2"} ! morula relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000358 {source="Wikipedia"} ! blastocyst relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 {source="EHDAA2"} ! embryo relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000088 ! trophoblast property_value: external_definition "A group of cells found in the mammalian blastocyst that give rise to the embryo. [Biology_Online][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000742", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "A small sphere of cells known as the inner cell mass lies within the trophoblast (of all eutherian mammals).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000742", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.144", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000088 name: trophoblast def: "Aggregate of cells forming the outer layer of a blastocyst, which provide nutrients to the embryo and develop into a large part of the placenta. They are formed during the first stage of pregnancy and are the first cells to differentiate from the fertilized egg." [Wikipedia:Trophoblast] comment: Development notes: The postimplantation derivatives of the trophectoderm, which make up most of the fetal part of the placenta[PMID:19829370] subset: early_development synonym: "massa cellularis externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trophoblast] synonym: "trophoblast layer" RELATED [MP:0005031] synonym: "trophoblastus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trophoblast] synonym: "trophoderm" RELATED [BTO:0001079] xref: BTO:0001079 xref: EV:0100120 xref: FMA:83029 xref: GAID:1152 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Blastocyst_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Blastocyst_English.svg/200px-Blastocyst_English.svg.png xref: MESH:A.11.936 xref: ncithesaurus:Trophoblast xref: SCTID:362839005 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004345 {source="MP-def", source="PMID:19829370"} ! trophectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000358 ! blastocyst property_value: external_definition "the mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta[MP]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-23", external_class="MP:0005031", external_class_label="trophoblast layer", ontology="MP", source="ISBN:0-683-40008-8"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000089 name: hypoblast (generic) def: "." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3560500&group_id=36855&atid=440764, Wikipedia:Hypoblast] comment: this term groups together disparate structures with different relationships. TODO - consider relationship to UBERON:0000091 subset: early_development subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "endomesoderm" RELATED [VHOG:0001222] synonym: "hypoblast" EXACT [VHOG:0001222] synonym: "hypoblastus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypoblast] synonym: "mesendoderm" RELATED [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576] xref: AAO:0000229 xref: AAO:0010619 xref: BTO:0003953 xref: EFO:0001930 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Cell_differentiation_gastrula.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Gray21.png xref: MAT:0000418 xref: MIAA:0000418 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypoblast xref: TAO:0000117 xref: VHOG:0001222 xref: XAO:0003044 xref: ZFA:0000117 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004750 ! blastoderm property_value: external_definition "A primary germ layer that can give rise to both mesoderm and endoderm.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010619", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "The inner of the two layers of the blastoderm that forms during gastrulation and give rise to the definitive mesoderm and endoderm. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000117", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In mammal and avian, extraembryonic endoderm such as visceral endoderm and hypoblast play essential roles in the embryonic axis formation and germ layer development. These extraembryonic tissues are generally considered to have been created in ancestral amniotes evolved from the Xenopus-type ancestor (reference 1); The endomesoderm secretes as yet unidentified signals that posteriorize the ectoderm, which would otherwise adopt an anterior fate. Our results point to a conserved function at the base of deuterostomes for beta-catenin in germ layer specification and to a causal link in the definition of the posterior part of the embryonic ectoderm by way of activating posteriorizing endomesodermal factors (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001222", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.05.543 Takeuchi M, Takahashi M, Okabe M, Aizawa S, Germ layer patterning in bichir and lamprey; an insight into its evolution in vertebrates. Developmental Biology (2009) (reference 1), Darras S, Gerhart J, Terasaki M, Kirschner M, Lowe CJ, Beta-catenin specifies the endomesoderm and defines the posterior organizer of the hemichordate Saccoglossus kowalevskii. Development (2011) (reference 2)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000090 name: blastocele def: "fluid-filled central region of a blastocyst. A blastocoele forms during embryogenesis when a zygote (a fertilized ovum) divides into many cells through mitosis." [Wikipedia:Blastocele] subset: early_development synonym: "blastocoel" RELATED [VHOG:0000811] synonym: "blastocoele" EXACT [] synonym: "blastocoelic cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000175] synonym: "blastocyst cavity" EXACT [] synonym: "cleavage cavity" EXACT [] synonym: "segmentation cavity" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010433 xref: EHDAA2:0000175 xref: EHDAA:50 xref: EMAPA:16044 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Blastocyst.gif/200px-Blastocyst.gif xref: SCTID:361455006 xref: VHOG:0000811 xref: XAO:0000294 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 {source="http://zfin.org/zf_info/zfbook/stages/gast.html"} property_value: external_definition "A blastocoel forms during embryogenesis when a zygote (a fertilized ovum) divides into many cells through mitosis. The blastocoel is the cavity of the blastula, a closed space which is invaded by early mesenchyme and later obliterated by the enlarging archenteron.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010433", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-02-377110-0", source="ISBN:0815318960"} property_value: external_definition "The cavity inside the blastula. [The_evolution_of_organ_systems_(2007)_Oxford:_Oxford_University_Press, p.150, see_Schmidt-Rhaesa_A][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000811", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In the development of many animals, a hollow blastula stage is formed during early embryogenesis. Such a hollow blastula is even regarded as an autapomorphy of Metazoa and is present already in some sponges.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000811", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.150", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000091 name: bilaminar disc def: "the epiblast and the hypoblast, evolved from the embryoblast" [Wikipedia:Bilaminar_disc] subset: early_development synonym: "bilaminar disk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bilaminar_disc] synonym: "bilaminary embryonic disc" EXACT [] synonym: "bilaminary germ disc" EXACT [ISBN:9780878932504] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Gray21.png/200px-Gray21.png xref: ncithesaurus:Bilaminar_Embryonic_Disc is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000087 {source="Wikipedia"} ! inner cell mass [Term] id: UBERON:0000092 name: post-embryonic stage def: "stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "postembryonic" RELATED [] synonym: "postembryonic stage" EXACT [] xref: OGES:000010 xref: OGES:000014 xref: OGES:000024 xref: WBls:0000022 is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000104 ! life cycle relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000093 name: sulcus def: "a depression or fissure in the surface of an organ." [Wikipedia:Sulcus_(anatomy)] is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-09T06:23:22Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000094 name: membrane organ def: "Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue organized into a sheet which interconnects two or more organs, separates two or more body spaces from one another, or surrounds an organ or body part. Examples: interosseous membrane of forearm, obturator membrane, tympanic membrane, fibrous pericardium, fascia lata, dura mater. [FMA]" [FMA:7145] synonym: "membrane of organ" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7145 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-07-30T05:19:13Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000095 name: cardiac neural crest def: "portion of neural crest that develops from the dorsal neural tube. It overlaps the vagal neural crest and migrates to populate the pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 (producing structures in the head) and to the heart, forming connective tissue that separates the great vessels of the heart. [Wikipedia]" [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] comment: AO notes - ZFA treats this as a subtype of NC. subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac neural crest complex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] synonym: "complexus cristae neuralis cardiacus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardiac_neural_crest] xref: TAO:0002173 xref: XAO:0004190 xref: ZFA:0001648 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005428 {source="Wikipedia"} ! vagal neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-07-30T07:57:38Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000100 name: blastopore def: "Structure around the opening into the archenteron during the embryonic stages of an organism. The distinction between protostomes and deuterostomes is based on the direction in which the mouth (stoma) develops in relation to the blastopore." [Wikipedia:Blastopore] comment: In protostome development, the first opening in development, the blastopore, becomes the animal's mouth; In deuterostome development, the blastopore becomes the animal's anus subset: early_development subset: metazoa_core xref: AAO:0000045 xref: BTO:0001695 xref: XAO:0000208 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004735 ! archenteron property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 {source="http://zfin.org/zf_info/zfbook/stages/gast.html"} property_value: external_definition "A slit-like invagination on the dorsal side of the blastula surface of the embryo where the mesoderm and endoderm move inside the embryo at gatrulation.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000045", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homologous_to FBbt:00000123 {source="vVHOG:0001202"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000101 name: lobe of lung def: "A lung lobe is one of the rounded projections that compose the lung[GO]." [GOC:GO] synonym: "lung lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "pulminory lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "pulmonary lobe" EXACT [FMA:7311] xref: FMA:7311 xref: galen:LobeOfLung xref: ncithesaurus:Lung_Lobe xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvo6-vpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245524004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0000102 name: lung vasculature def: "The lung vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs[GO]." [GOC:GO] synonym: "lung vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pulmonary vasculature" EXACT [FMA:73750] synonym: "vascular network of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasculature of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:73750 is_a: UBERON:0002201 ! vasculature of trunk is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006876 ! vasculature of organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0000103 name: life cycle stage boundary def: "Instant starting or ending a life cycle stage. These can be arbitrary/fiat." [UBERON:cjm] subset: upper_level synonym: "life cycle stage transition event" EXACT [] synonym: "life cycle stage transition instant" EXACT [] xref: span:ProcessBoundary is_a: UBERON:0000000 ! processual entity disjoint_from: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000104 name: life cycle def: "An entire span of an organism's life, commencing with the zygote stage and ending in the death of the organism." [UBERON:cjm] subset: upper_level synonym: "life" EXACT [] synonym: "lifespan" EXACT [] xref: FBdv_root:00000000 xref: ncithesaurus:Life xref: OGES:000011 is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000105 name: life cycle stage def: "A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism." [UBERON:cjm] subset: upper_level synonym: "developmental stage" EXACT [] synonym: "stage" NARROW [] xref: BILS:0000105 xref: EFO:0000399 xref: ncithesaurus:Developmental_Stage xref: WBls:0000002 xref: XAO:1000000 xref: ZFS:0100000 is_a: UBERON:0000000 ! processual entity relationship: has_end UBERON:0000103 ! life cycle stage boundary relationship: has_start UBERON:0000103 ! life cycle stage boundary [Term] id: UBERON:0000106 name: zygote stage def: "A stage at which the organism is a single cell produced by means of sexual reproduction." [Wikipedia:Zygote] synonym: "1-cell stage" EXACT [] synonym: "fertilized egg stage" EXACT [BTO:0000854] synonym: "fertilized egg stage" RELATED [] synonym: "one cell stage" EXACT [] synonym: "one-cell stage" RELATED [VHOG:0000745] synonym: "zygote" RELATED [VHOG:0000745] synonym: "zygotum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygote] xref: BILS:0000106 xref: EHDAA:27 xref: EMAPA:16033 xref: VHOG:0000745 xref: XAO:1000001 xref: ZFS:0000001 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: starts UBERON:0000104 ! life cycle property_value: homology_notes "As in all metazoans, eumetazoan development begins with a fertilized egg, or zygote.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000745", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030259821 Ruppert EE, Fox RS, Barnes RD, Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach (2003) p.107", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000107 name: cleavage stage def: "The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg; Stage consisting of division of cells in the early embryo. The zygotes of many species undergo rapid cell cycles with no significant growth, producing a cluster of cells the same size as the original zygote. The different cells derived from cleavage are called blastomeres and form a compact mass called the morula. Cleavage ends with the formation of the blastula." [GO:0040016, Wikipedia:Cleavage_(embryo)] xref: BILS:0000107 xref: EFO:0001290 xref: MESH:A.16.254.270 xref: OGES:000015 xref: OGES:000020 xref: XAO:1000004 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: directly_preceded_by UBERON:0000106 ! zygote stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000108 name: blastula stage def: "An early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence." [Wikipedia:Blastula] xref: BILS:0000108 xref: EFO:0001282 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Blastulation.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Blastulation.png/200px-Blastulation.png xref: OGES:000003 xref: OGES:000016 xref: OGES:000021 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rEetFnKP2EdqAAAACs4vPlg xref: XAO:1000003 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000109 name: gastrula stage def: "A stage defined by complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm." [GO:0007369] synonym: "blastocystis trilaminaris stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "trilaminar blastocyst stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "trilaminar blastoderm stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "trilaminar disk stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "trilaminar germ stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "trilaminar stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] xref: BILS:0000109 xref: EFO:0001296 xref: FBdv:00005317 xref: OGES:000004 xref: OGES:000019 xref: XAO:1000005 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000108 {source="BILS"} ! blastula stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000110 name: neurula stage def: "Staged defined by the formation of a tube from the flat layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. This will give rise to the central nervous system." [GO:0001841] xref: BILS:0000110 xref: XAO:1000006 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000109 ! gastrula stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000111 name: organogenesis stage def: "A stage at which the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm develop into the internal organs of the organism." [Wikipedia:Organogenesis] synonym: "segmentation stage" RELATED [] xref: BILS:0000111 xref: OGES:000005 xref: OGES:000032 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000110 ! neurula stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000112 name: juvenile stage def: "The stage of being a sexually immature adult animal." [XAO:1000010] xref: BILS:0000112 xref: BTO:0002168 xref: EFO:0001300 xref: EV:0300051 xref: OGES:000009 xref: XAO:1000010 xref: ZFS:0000042 xref: ZFS:0000043 is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000066 ! fully formed stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000113 name: post-juvenile adult stage def: "The stage of being a sexually mature adult animal." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "adult stage" BROAD [] xref: BILS:0000113 xref: EV:0300064 xref: EV:0300070 xref: MIAA:0000403 xref: OGES:000026 xref: OGES:000027 xref: XAO:1000009 xref: ZFS:0000044 is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000066 ! fully formed stage relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000114 name: lung connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lung interstitial tissue" RELATED [MA:0001782] synonym: "lung portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lung textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001782 xref: SCTID:201609008 is_a: UBERON:0003570 ! respiratory system connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003593 ! thoracic cavity connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0000115 name: lung epithelium def: "the epithelial layer of the lung." [MP:0006382] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lung epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pulmonary epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0001653] xref: BTO:0001653 xref: MA:0001783 is_a: UBERON:0004802 ! respiratory tract epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0000116 name: lung saccule def: "Primitive gas exchange portion of the lung composed of type I and type II cells[GO]." [GO:0060430] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 {source="GO"} ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0000117 name: respiratory tube def: "A tube in the respiratory tract." [GO:0030323] synonym: "segment of tracheobronchial tree" NARROW [FMA:12224] synonym: "tracheobronchial tree segment" NARROW [FMA:12224] xref: FMA:12224 is_a: UBERON:0000025 ! tube is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000065 intersection_of: UBERON:0000025 ! tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0000118 name: lung bud def: "Structure derived from foregut that becomes a lung." [GO:0060431, Wikipedia:Lung_buds] synonym: "lung bud" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "primary lung bud" RELATED [GO:0060572] synonym: "respiratory diverticulum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lung_buds] xref: BTO:0001643 xref: EHDAA2:0004089 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Gray948.png/200px-Gray948.png xref: ncithesaurus:Primary_Bronchial_Bud xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_Diverticulum xref: SCTID:361427007 is_a: UBERON:0005153 {source="GO:0060441"} ! epithelial bud is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004872 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005597 ! lung primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008947 {source="EHDAA2"} ! respiratory primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0000119 name: cell layer def: "Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of cells connected to each other by cell junctions" [UBERON:cjm] subset: upper_level synonym: "cell sheath" RELATED [] synonym: "layer of cells" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0000120 name: blood brain barrier def: "Cell layer consisting of lining cells that separates the central nervous system and the bloodstream. The BBB may consist of endothelial cells or glial cells. An endothelial barrier may have arisen independently several times during evolution. In bichir and lungfish the barrier is formed by brain endothelial cells, while in sturgeon it is formed by a complex perivascular glial sheath, but with no detectable tight junctions." [DOI:10.1002/glia.20642, Wikipedia:Blood-brain_barrier] synonym: "BBB" RELATED [] synonym: "blood-brain barrier" EXACT [] xref: ncithesaurus:Blood-Brain_Barrier is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000179 ! haemolymphatic fluid relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0000121 name: perineurium def: "Connective tissue surrounding a fascicle." [Wikipedia:Perineurium] xref: BTO:0003153 xref: FMA:52585 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray636.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray636.png/200px-Gray636.png xref: ncithesaurus:Perineurium xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090205 xref: SCTID:362299001 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle [Term] id: UBERON:0000122 name: neuron projection bundle alt_id: UBERON:0005163 def: "A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses." [CARO:0001001, FBbt:00005099, FBC:DOS] synonym: "funiculus" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [FBbt:00005099] synonym: "neural fiber bundle" EXACT [] xref: CARO:0001001 xref: FBbt:00005099 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005162 ! multi cell component structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000123 name: endoneurium def: "a layer of delicate connective tissue that encloses the myelin sheath of a nerve fiber within a funiculus." [Wikipedia:Endodeurium] xref: FMA:52586 xref: ncithesaurus:Endoneurium xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090202 xref: SCTID:15931004 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001021 ! nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000124 name: epineurium def: "outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a peripheral nerve. It includes the blood vessels supplying the nerve. It consists of adipose tissue and fibrocollagenous tissues." [Wikipedia:Epineurium] xref: BTO:0003154 xref: FMA:12234 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray636.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray636.png/200px-Gray636.png xref: ncithesaurus:Epineurium xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090203 xref: SCTID:64482002 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000125 name: neural nucleus def: "Anatomical structure consisting of a discrete aggregate of neuronal soma[GO]." [GO:0048857, GO_REF:0000021, Wikipedia:Nucleus_(neuroanatomy)] comment: do not include NIF_Subcellular:sao1702920020 Nucleus. Proposed CUMBO def from MM: A subcortical part of the nervous system consisting of a relatively compact group of cells that is distinguishable histologically that share a commonality of cytoarchitecture, chemoarchitecturel and connectivity. (comments: I put in "subcortical" because I don't think we consider either the cerebellar cortex or cerebral cortex to be nuclei. Some people distinguish between a nucleus and a laminar structure (see Wikipedia definition). However, there are structures identified as nuclei that are laminar, e.g., lateral geniculate nucleus, although they are not laminated in all species. Also, I put in "relatively compact" and "distiguishable by histology" because we have groups of cells, e.g., cholinergic cell groups, doparminergic cell groups that are related on the 3 criteria but which we don't tend to consider nuclei because they don't occupy an easily defined territory. But all is open to debate. synonym: "neuraxis nucleus" EXACT [FMA:83686] synonym: "neuronal nucleus" EXACT [AEO:0000136] synonym: "nucleus" BROAD [] synonym: "nucleus of neuraxis" RELATED [] xref: AEO:0000136 xref: FMA:83686 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000126 name: cranial nerve nucleus def: "collection of neurons (gray matter) in the brain stem that is associated with one or more cranial nerves." [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve_nucleus] synonym: "cranial neural nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54501] synonym: "nucleus nervi cranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: FMA:54501 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: SCTID:280160003 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001785 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000127 name: facial nucleus comment: FMA has 3 subclasses - left, right and motor nucleus of facial nerve, but no defs. It's not clear how facial nucleus is distinct from facial motor nucleus. synonym: "facial nerve nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "facial VII motor nucleus" RELATED [MA:0001014] synonym: "facial VII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001014] synonym: "nucleus of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54572] xref: BM:Pons-VII xref: EHDAA2:0004638 xref: EV:0100267 xref: FMA:54572 xref: MA:0001014 xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Nerve_Nucleus xref: SCTID:280166009 xref: VHOG:0001412 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010123 {evidence="definitional"} ! future facial nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0000128 name: olivary body def: "prominent oval structure in the medulla oblongata, present in pairs, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] synonym: "oliva" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] synonym: "olive" RELATED [] synonym: "olive body" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002299 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Gray679.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gray679.png/200px-Gray679.png xref: SCTID:279293003 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0000130 name: transverse foramen def: "Foramen that pierces the transverse processes of the seven cervical vertebrae. In the upper six vertebrae, the foramen gives passage to the vertebral artery, vertebral vein, and a plexus of sympathetic nerves. The seventh foramen lacks the artery, but contains the vein and sympathetic nerves." [Wikipedia:Transverse_foramen] synonym: "foramen transversarium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Transverse_foramen] synonym: "foramen transversarium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_foramen] synonym: "foramen transversarium of cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:23998] synonym: "transverse foramen of cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:23997] xref: FMA:23997 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Gray84.png xref: SCTID:280735005 is_a: UBERON:0004111 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical conduit relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0000144 name: trochlea of humerus def: "The medial portion of the articular surface of the humerus is named the trochlea, and presents a deep depression between two well-marked borders; it is convex from before backward, concave from side to side, and occupies the anterior, lower, and posterior parts of the extremity. It is directly inferior to the most prominent anterior humeral fossia, the Coronoid fossia. It articulates with the ulna." [Wikipedia:Trochlea_of_humerus] synonym: "humeral trochlea" EXACT [FMA:23370] xref: FMA:23370 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Trochleahumeri.png xref: SCTID:282817004 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0000151 name: pectoral fin def: "The paired pectoral fins are located on each side, usually just behind the operculum, and are homologous to the forelimbs of tetrapods." [Wikipedia:Pectoral_fin#Fins] comment: check definition of limb such that is excludes fins. Note the GO includes pectoral and pelvic fins as types of limbs. The Actinopterygii (ray finned fish) pectoral and pelvic fins aren't homologous as fore- or hindlimbs to those of tetrapods, whereas those of the Sarcopterygii (lobe finned fish) are in fact homologous. synonym: "forefin" EXACT [VSAO:0000147] synonym: "nageoire pectorale@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000147] synonym: "omoptcérygie@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000147] synonym: "thoracoptcérygie@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000147] xref: BTO:0004653 xref: SCTID:416982006 xref: TAO:0001161 xref: VSAO:0000147 xref: ZFA:0001161 is_a: UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin is_a: UBERON:0004710 {is_entailed="true"} ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 intersection_of: UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex property_value: external_definition "Paired fin that is located in the thoracic region of the body.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001161", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Paired fin that is located in the thoracic region of the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000147", ontology="VSAO", source="TAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000152 name: pelvic fin def: "The paired pelvic or ventral fins are located ventrally below the pectoral fins. They are homologous to the hindlimbs of tetrapods. The pelvic fin assists the fish in going up or down through the water, turning sharply, and stopping quickly." [Wikipedia:Pectoral_fin#Fins] comment: check definition of limb such that is excludes fins. Note the GO includes pectoral and pelvic fins as types of limbs. synonym: "ischioptcérygie@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000129] synonym: "nageoire pelvienne@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000129] xref: BTO:0004651 xref: EFO:0003644 xref: TAO:0001184 xref: VSAO:0000129 xref: ZFA:0001184 is_a: UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin is_a: UBERON:0004709 {is_entailed="true"} ! pelvic appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 intersection_of: UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex property_value: external_definition "Paired fin located in the abdominal position of the body.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001184", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Paired fin located in the abdominal position of the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000129", ontology="VSAO", source="TAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000153 name: anterior region of body is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body [Term] id: UBERON:0000154 name: posterior region of body is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0000155 name: theca cell layer def: "A layer of the ovarian follicles. They appear as the follicles become tertiary follicles. The theca folliculi are responsible for the production of testosterone from androstenedione in females, and indirectly the production of estrogens by supplying the neighboring granulosa cells with androstenedione that can then be used as a substrate for aromatase." [Wikipedia:Theca_of_follicle] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "layer of theca cells" EXACT [] synonym: "theca cell layer of ovarian follicle" EXACT [] synonym: "theca folliculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Theca_of_follicle] synonym: "theca folliculi" RELATED [] synonym: "theca of follicle" EXACT [] synonym: "thecal cell layer" EXACT [ZFA:0001113] xref: BTO:0002853 xref: EFO:0003629 xref: FMA:18656 xref: SCTID:361385000 xref: TAO:0001113 xref: ZFA:0001113 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0000156 name: theca externa alt_id: UBERON:0005182 def: "The theca externa is the outer layers of the theca folliculi. It contains abundant collagen and is mainly supportive." [Wikipedia:Theca_externa] synonym: "external coat of theca folliculi" RELATED [BTO:0002852] synonym: "ovary theca externa" EXACT [MA:0001713] synonym: "theca externa (folliculus ovaricus tertiarius)" EXACT [FMA:18657] synonym: "tunica externa of theca folliculi" EXACT [FMA:18657] synonym: "tunica externa thecae folliculi" RELATED [BTO:0002852] synonym: "tunica externa thecae folliculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Theca_externa] xref: BTO:0002852 xref: FMA:18657 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Mature_Graffian_follicle.jpg/200px-Mature_Graffian_follicle.jpg xref: MA:0001713 xref: SCTID:258767003 is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000155 ! theca cell layer relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000157 ! theca interna [Term] id: UBERON:0000157 name: theca interna alt_id: UBERON:0005183 def: "Theca interna cells express receptors for luteinizing hormone, which when activated will stimulate the production of androstenedione from cholesterol by the enzyme desmolase. Androstenedione ultimately gives the granulosa cells the precursor substrate for estrogen manufacturing." [Wikipedia:Theca_externa#Theca_interna] synonym: "internal coat of capsule of graafian follicle" RELATED [BTO:0002851] synonym: "ovary theca interna" EXACT [MA:0001714] synonym: "theca interna (folliculus ovaricus tertiarius)" EXACT [FMA:18658] synonym: "tunica interna of theca folliculi" EXACT [FMA:18658] synonym: "tunica interna thecae folliculi" RELATED [BTO:0002851] xref: BTO:0002851 xref: FMA:18658 xref: MA:0001714 xref: SCTID:258869006 is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000155 ! theca cell layer [Term] id: UBERON:0000158 name: membranous layer synonym: "membranous organ component" EXACT [FMA:82500] xref: FMA:82500 is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer [Term] id: UBERON:0000159 name: anal canal def: "The terminal part of the large intestine, continuous proximally with the rectum and distally terminates with the anus." [Wikipedia:Anal_canal] comment: Editor notes: requires alignment with EHDAA2 and complete developmental relationships subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anal canal" EXACT [] synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [] synonym: "anal pad" RELATED [] synonym: "anatomical anal canal" EXACT [] synonym: "anus" RELATED [] synonym: "canalis analis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anal_canal] synonym: "canalis analis" RELATED [BTO:0001978] synonym: "cloaca" RELATED [] synonym: "cloacal chamber" RELATED [] synonym: "mesenteron" RELATED [] synonym: "pars analis recti" RELATED [BTO:0001978] xref: BTO:0001978 xref: EMAPA:18256 xref: FMA:15703 xref: galen:AnalCanal xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Gray1078.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Gray1078.png/200px-Gray1078.png xref: MA:0000330 xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Canal xref: SCTID:245438008 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001052 ! rectum relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001245 ! anus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {source="Wikipathways:WP2062"} ! skin basal layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0000160 name: intestine def: "Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine." [GOC:GO, Wikipedia:Intestine] comment: MA also has a class MA:0001524 bowel, not clear how this is different subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bowel" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000246 xref: ANISEED:1235303 xref: BTO:0000648 xref: EFO:0000834 xref: EV:0100071 xref: FMA:7199 xref: GAID:295 xref: galen:Intestine xref: MA:0000328 xref: MA:0001524 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411 xref: MIAA:0000043 xref: ncithesaurus:Intestine xref: SCTID:256876008 xref: TAO:0001338 xref: VHOG:0000056 xref: WBbt:0005772 xref: XAO:0000129 xref: ZFA:0001338 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system property_value: external_definition "Portion of the alimentary canal bounded anteriorly by the pyloric sphincter and posteriorly by the cloacal sphincter.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000246", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "The tract of the alimentary canal. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000056", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000161 name: orifice def: "Anatomical conduit that connects two adjacent body spaces, surrounded by two or more subdivisions of two or more organs. Examples: right atrioventricular orifice, orifice of artery, hilum of kidney, porta hepatis[FMA,modified]." [FMA:3724] comment: in FMA, this is an anatomical conduit *space*, rather than anatomical conduit subset: upper_ontology_conflict synonym: "anatomical orifice" EXACT [FMA:3724] synonym: "anatomical ostium" EXACT [FMA:3724] synonym: "hilum" NARROW [] xref: FMA:3724 xref: SCTID:91837002 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit [Term] id: UBERON:0000162 name: cloaca def: "Posterior opening that serves as the only such opening for the intestinal and urinary tracts of certain animal species" [Wikipedia:Cloaca] comment: Human beings only have an embryonic cloaca, which is split up into separate tracts during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs[WP]. We deliberately exclude the wbbt class here, but may in future have a grouping class synonym: "cloacal chamber" RELATED [] synonym: "vent" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000095 xref: GAID:1206 xref: MESH:A.13.223 xref: ncithesaurus:Cloaca xref: SCTID:362857006 xref: TAO:0000330 xref: VHOG:0001186 xref: XAO:0000244 xref: ZFA:0000330 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0004122 ! genitourinary system property_value: external_definition "A common passage for fecal, urinary, and reproductive discharge in most lower vertebrates as well as the terminal end of the hindgut before division into rectum, bladder, and genital primordia in mammalian embryos. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001186", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cloaca"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which is the common receptacle for the alimentary canal, Wolffian ducts, oviducts, and the bladder.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000095", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "A cloaca is apparently a primitive vertebrate feature because it occurs in most primitive gnathostomes and persists in the embryos of almost all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001186", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.572", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000163 name: embryonic cloaca def: "Structure in the development of the urinary and reproductive organs[WP]. endoderm-lined chamber into which the hidgut and allantois empty in early embryos[MP]." [MP:0010115, Wikipedia:Cloaca_(embryology)] comment: compare UBERON:0000162 cloaca synonym: "cloaca" RELATED SENSU [] xref: EHDAA2:0000256 xref: EHDAA:4895 xref: EMAPA:27573 xref: EMAPA:27638 is_a: UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0000164 name: primitive urogenital sinus def: "Part of the human body only present in the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It is the ventral part of the cloaca, formed after the cloaca separates from the rectum. It eventually becomes, among other things, the bladder[WP]. ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females[MP]." [Wikipedia:Definitive_urogenital_sinus] comment: Note that the term "urogenital sinus" may refer to the primitive urogenital sinus present as a transient developmental structure in most mammals or it may refer to a condition in which an unseptated cloaca persists in animals longer than normal[MP] synonym: "fetal UGS" EXACT [PMID:18977204] synonym: "UGS" EXACT [MP:0010116] synonym: "urogenital sinus" EXACT [MP:0010116] xref: EHDAA2:0004060 xref: EHDAA:5029 xref: EHDAA:5919 xref: EMAPA:17211 xref: EMAPA:17379 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Gray1109.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gray1109.png/200px-Gray1109.png xref: ncithesaurus:Urogenital_Sinus xref: SCTID:50961009 xref: VHOG:0000414 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 {source="EHDAA2"} ! excretory system property_value: external_definition "The ventral part of the cloaca after its separation from the rectum, giving rise to the lower part of the bladder in both sexes, to the prostatic portion of the male urethra, and to the urethra and vestibule in the female. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000414", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/urogenital+sinus"} property_value: homology_notes "In mammals the lowly monotremes still have a cloaca. Higher types have done away with this structure and have a separate anal outlet for the rectum. The monotreme cloaca shows the initiation of this subdivision. The cloaca has such includes only the distal part, roughly comparable to the proctodeum. The more proximal part is divided into (1) a large dorsal passage into which the intestine opens, the coprodeum, and (2) a ventral portion, the urodeum with which the bladder connects. (...) the development of the placental mammals recapitulates in many respects the phylogenetic story. In the sexually indifferent stage of placental mammal there is a cloaca. While the indifferent stage still persists, a septum develops, and extends out to the closing membrane. This divides the cloaca into two chambers: a coprodeum continuous with the gut above, and a urodeum or urogenital sinus below.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000414", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0721676678 Romer AS, Vertebrate body (1970)p.388-89 and Figure 300", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000165 name: mouth def: "First portion of the digestive tract[WP]. The portion of the digestive that develops from the stomodeum" [Wikipedia:Mouth] comment: TODO - check fly mouthpart. note in uberon we distinguish between the mouth and the oral opening. the mouth is part of the digestive tract. TODO - check isa parent subdivision of head - is it a subdivision of the head or digestive tract subset: major_organ subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "adult mouth" EXACT [] synonym: "cavitas oris" RELATED [BTO:0001090] synonym: "cavum oris" RELATED [BTO:0001090] synonym: "mouth cavity" RELATED [BTO:0001090] synonym: "mouth pit" RELATED [VHOG:0000812] synonym: "oral vestibule" RELATED [BTO:0001090] synonym: "os, cavital oralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mouth] synonym: "regio oralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:49184, FMA:TA] synonym: "rima oris" RELATED [BTO:0001090] synonym: "stoma" RELATED [] synonym: "stomatodaeum" RELATED [VHOG:0000812] synonym: "vestibule of mouth" RELATED [BTO:0001090] synonym: "vestibulum oris" RELATED [BTO:0001090] xref: AAO:0010355 xref: BTO:0001090 xref: EFO:0000825 xref: FBbt:00003126 xref: FMA:49184 xref: GAID:75 xref: galen:Mouth xref: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/images/lamprey_sucker_rosava_3238889218.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Mouth_illustration-Otis_Archives.jpg/180px-Mouth_illustration-Otis_Archives.jpg xref: MA:0002474 xref: MAT:0000038 xref: MESH:A.01.456.505.631 xref: MIAA:0000038 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVidh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:21082005 xref: TADS:0000040 xref: TAO:0000547 xref: TGMA:0000131 xref: VHOG:0000812 xref: XAO:0003029 xref: ZFA:0000547 is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract property_value: external_definition "Cavity in which food is initially ingested and generally contains teeth, tongue and glands.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010355", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "Molecular and developmental cell lineage data suggest that the acoel mouth opening is homologous to the mouth of protostomes and deuterostomes and that the last common ancestor of the Bilateria (the 'urbilaterian') had only this single digestive opening.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000812", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nature07309 Hejnol A, Martindale MQ, Acoel development indicates the independent evolution of the bilaterian mouth and anus. Nature (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000166 name: oral opening def: "The opening of the head through which food passes into the body." [NLM:mouth] comment: note MA includes as parts of 'oral region' the tongue, tonsils, etc, so an equivalence to the oral opening itself may not be appropriate. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "adult mouth" RELATED [] synonym: "mouth" RELATED [] synonym: "oral fissure" EXACT [FMA:59806] synonym: "oral orifice" EXACT [FMA:59806] synonym: "oral part of face" EXACT [] synonym: "oral region" EXACT [] synonym: "orofacial cavity" RELATED [] synonym: "subdivision of mouth" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004698 xref: EHDAA2:0001326 xref: EHDAA:542 xref: EMAPA:16262 xref: FMA:59806 xref: MA:0000341 xref: TAO:0000590 xref: TGMA:0000131 xref: VHOG:0000280 xref: ZFA:0000590 is_a: UBERON:0000161 {source="FMA"} ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth property_value: homology_notes " (...) mouth development is very similar in protostomes and 'basal' deuterostomes, whereas the chordate mouth seems to develop at a new position. Recent data for echinoderms and hemichordates further suggest that this change in mouth position may result from change in the influence of a conserved ectodermal patterning system on mouth development. It has been suggested that the mouths of vertebrates and urochordates may constitute a 'new' mouth.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000280", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.06.002 Christiaen L, Jaszczyszyn Y, Kerfant M, Kanob S, Thermes V, Joly JS, Evolutionary modification of mouth position in deuterostomes. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000167 name: oral cavity def: "Anatomical cavity at the start of the digestive tract that. Vertebrates: In vertebrates, the boundaries are the oral opening, the cheeks, the palate and (if present) the palatoglossal arch - if this is not present then the mouth and pharynx form the oropharyngeal cavity. The buccal cavity contains the teeth, tongue and palate (when present)" [ISBN10:0073040584, UBERON:cjm] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bucca" RELATED [] synonym: "buccal cavity" EXACT [FMA:20292, ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "cavity of mouth" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000053 xref: AAO:0000960 xref: EFO:0001975 xref: EHDAA2:0001324 xref: EHDAA:6970 xref: EMAPA:17411 xref: EV:0100057 xref: FMA:20292 xref: HAO:0000669 xref: ncithesaurus:Oral_Cavity xref: SCTID:181220002 xref: TAO:0001027 xref: TGMA:0000102 xref: VHOG:0000188 xref: WBbt:0005255 xref: XAO:0000126 xref: ZFA:0001027 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cavity bounded anteriorly by the mouth and posteriorly by the derivatives of the branchial arches.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000960", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "The cavity of the mouth, bounded by the jaw bones and associated structures (muscles and mucosa). [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000188", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oral+cavity"} property_value: homology_notes "Echinoderms, hemichordates, and chordates are called deuterostomes because the mouth arises not from the blastopore but from a second invagination at the anterior end of the larva that pushes in to connect with the archenteron.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000188", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.32", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000168 name: segment of colon def: "An organ segment that is part of a colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:222905 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 intersection_of: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon [Term] id: UBERON:0000170 name: pair of lungs synonym: "lungs" EXACT [] synonym: "lungs pair" EXACT [] synonym: "pulmones" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68877, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of lungs" EXACT [] xref: FMA:68877 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: has_part UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: has_part UBERON:0002168 ! left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0000171 name: respiration organ def: "Organ that functions in gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms." [GO:0007585] subset: functional_classification subset: organ_slim synonym: "apparatus respiratorius organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "breathing organ" EXACT [] synonym: "gas exchange organ" RELATED [] synonym: "organ of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory organ" EXACT [] synonym: "respiratory system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17607 xref: SCTID:272626006 xref: SPD:0000428 xref: TGMA:0001247 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0000172 name: vomit def: "Vomit is a bodily fluid consisting of the expulsed contents of the stomach of an organism disgorged through the mouth or nose." [ENVO:00000338] xref: ENVO:00000338 xref: galen:Vomitus xref: ncithesaurus:Vomitus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViQTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0000173 name: amniotic fluid def: "Amniotic fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of watery liquid surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion. It allows the fetus to move freely without the walls of the uterus being too tight against its body. Buoyancy is also provided." [ENVO:02000021] synonym: "acqua amnii" RELATED [BTO:0000068] synonym: "liquor amnii" RELATED [BTO:0000068] xref: BTO:0000068 xref: ENVO:02000021 xref: EV:0100123 xref: GAID:1155 xref: MA:0002893 xref: MESH:A.12.098 xref: ncithesaurus:Amniotic_Fluid xref: VHOG:0001267 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0000174 name: excreta alt_id: UBERON:0000324 alt_id: UBERON:0007550 def: "Excreta are bodily fluids consisting of waste matter, such as sweat or feces, discharged from the body." [ENVO:02000022] synonym: "excretion" EXACT [BTO:0000491] synonym: "waste substance" EXACT [AEO:0000184] xref: AEO:0000184 xref: BTO:0000491 xref: EHDAA2:0003184 xref: ENVO:02000022 xref: FMA:9674 xref: galen:Excretion is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0000175 name: pleural effusion def: "Pleural effusion is a bodily fluid that is produced in exess and accumulates in the pleural cavity, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. Excessive amounts of such fluid can impair breathing by limiting the expansion of the lungs during inhalation." [ENVO:02000033] comment: cede to MPATH? Note the ncit class is under finding. xref: ENVO:02000033 xref: ncithesaurus:Pleural_Effusion xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rLaTGCK2TEduAAAAOpmP6tw is_a: UBERON:0001087 ! pleural fluid [Term] id: UBERON:0000176 name: oronasal secretion def: "Oronasal secretion is a bodily fluid secreted from the body via the mouth or nose." [ENVO:02000035] xref: ENVO:02000035 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001826 ! nasal cavity mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0000177 name: pus def: "Pus is a bodily fluid consisting of a whitish-yellow or yellow substance produced during inflammatory responses of the body that can be found in regions of pyogenic bacterial infections. Pus is produced from the dead and living cells which travel into the intercellular spaces around the affected cells." [ENVO:02000038, Wikipedia:Pus] comment: AO notes: biospecimen in NCIT synonym: "purulent exudate" RELATED [] xref: ENVO:02000038 xref: galen:Pus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Swollen_eye_with_conjunctivitis.jpg/180px-Swollen_eye_with_conjunctivitis.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Pus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjG6ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0000178 name: blood def: "Circulating body substance which consists of blood plasma and hemoglobin-carrying red blood cells. Excludes blood analogues (see UBERON:0000179 haemolymphatic fluid)." [FMA:9670, Wikipedia:Blood] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "portion of blood" EXACT [] synonym: "vertebrate blood" EXACT [] synonym: "whole blood" RELATED [BTO:0000089] xref: AAO:0000046 xref: BTO:0000089 xref: EFO:0000296 xref: EHDAA2:0000176 xref: EHDAA:418 xref: EMAPA:16332 xref: ENVO:02000027 xref: EV:0100047 xref: FMA:9670 xref: GAID:965 xref: galen:Blood xref: MA:0000059 xref: MESH:A.12.207.152 xref: MIAA:0000315 xref: ncithesaurus:Blood xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjI8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0000007 xref: VHOG:0000224 xref: XAO:0000124 xref: ZFA:0000007 is_a: UBERON:0000179 ! haemolymphatic fluid relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000046", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "A complex mixture of cells suspended in a liquid matrix that delivers nutrients to cells and removes wastes. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000007", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Highly specialized circulating tissue consisting of several types of cells suspended in a fluid medium known as plasma.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000046", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Recent findings strongly suggest that the molecular pathways involved in the development and function of blood cells are highly conserved among vertebrates and various invertebrates phyla. (...) There is now good reason to believe that, in vertebrates and invertebrates alike, blood cell lineages diverge from a common type of progenitor cell, the hemocytoblast.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000224", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.22.010605.093317 Hartenstein V, Blood cells and blood cell development in the animal kingdom. Annual review of cell and developmental biology (2006) ", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000179 name: haemolymphatic fluid def: "Circulating fluid that is part of the hemolymphoid system. Blood, lymph, interstitial fluid or its analogs." [] synonym: "blood or blood analog" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-08T04:38:19Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000180 name: lateral lumbar region of abdomen def: "a region of the posterior torso (lower back) beneath the ribs and above the ilium." [Wikipedia:Abdomen#9-region_scheme, Wikipedia:Flank] synonym: "flank" EXACT [FMA:14603] synonym: "lateral region" EXACT [FMA:14603] synonym: "lateral region of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:14603] synonym: "latus" EXACT [FMA:14603] synonym: "regio lateralis" EXACT [FMA:14603] xref: FMA:14603 xref: galen:Flank xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray1220.png xref: ncithesaurus:Flank xref: SCTID:243329008 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0000199 name: neck of radius def: "the narrow part of the shaft of the radius just below the head." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=58913] synonym: "radial neck" EXACT [FMA:23479] xref: FMA:23479 xref: galen:NeckOfRadius xref: SCTID:181942005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004413 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of radius [Term] id: UBERON:0000200 name: gyrus def: "A ridge, generally surrounded by one or more sulci." [Wikipedia:Gyrus] synonym: "cerebral gyrus" EXACT [BTO:0002495] synonym: "gyri" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0002495] synonym: "gyri of cerebrum" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0002495] synonym: "gyrus of cerebrum" RELATED [BTO:0002495] synonym: "gyrus of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83874] synonym: "neuraxis gyrus" EXACT [FMA:83874] xref: BTO:0002495 xref: FMA:83874 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Gyrus xref: SCTID:279165009 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0000201 name: endothelial blood brain barrier def: "A blood brain barrier that is composed of endothelial cells." [UBERON:cjm] xref: NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_100205 is_a: UBERON:0000120 ! blood brain barrier is_a: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium relationship: has_part UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-10T08:15:44Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000202 name: glial blood brain barrier def: "A blood brain barrier composed of glial cells." [UBERON:cjm] xref: FBbt:00007091 is_a: UBERON:0000120 ! blood brain barrier created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-10T08:42:24Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000203 name: pallium def: "Dorsal part (roof region) of the telencephalon[GO]." [GO:0021543, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3535324&group_id=76834&atid=994726, ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Pallium_(neuroanatomy)] comment: Taxon notes: In humans the cerebrum has three parts: the archipallium, the paleopallium and the neopallium. The developing telencephalon or forebrain is divided into pallium and subpallium. In amphibians, the cerebrum includes archipallium, paleopallium and some of the basal nuclei. Reptiles first developed a neopallium, which continued to develop in the brains of more recent species to become the neocortex of humans and Old World monkeys. In fish, the archipallium is the largest part of the cerebrum. Some researchers suggest the early archipallium gave rise to the human hippocampus[WP] subset: developmental_classification synonym: "area dorsalis telencephali" EXACT [ZFA:0000505] synonym: "dorsal part of telencephalon" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "dorsal telencephalic area" EXACT [ZFA:0000505] synonym: "dorsal telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000505] xref: SCTID:369224000 xref: TAO:0000505 xref: TAO:0007007 xref: ZFA:0000505 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: external_definition "The mantle of gray matter forming the cerebral cortex. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pallium[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0007007", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-18T12:03:09Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000204 name: ventral part of telencephalon def: "Dorsal part (base region) of the telencephalon." [GO:0021544, GO_REF:0000021, ISBN10:0471888893, PMID:12626695] comment: AO notes: BTO term refers specifically to the avian structure subset: developmental_classification synonym: "area ventralis telencephali" EXACT [ZFA:0000304] synonym: "subpallium" EXACT [GO:0021544, ZFA:0000304] synonym: "subpallium" NARROW [BTO:0003401] synonym: "ventral telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000304] xref: BTO:0003401 xref: EFO:0003522 xref: TAO:0000304 xref: ZFA:0000304 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000203 ! pallium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-18T12:12:27Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000205 name: papula def: "A thin protuberance on the surface of the body of an echinoderm containing diverticula of the water vascular system lined by ciliated peritoneum. Along with tube feet, provide the principle gas exchange surfaces.." [ISBN:0030229073] synonym: "papulae" EXACT PLURAL [ISBN:0030229073] synonym: "papulli" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0002535 ! gill created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-18T01:13:57Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000206 name: pharyngeal gill def: "Gills of vertebrates are developed in the walls of the pharynx along a series of gill slits opening to the exterior. In fish, the gills are located on both sides of the pharynx. Gills are made of filaments which help increase surface area for oxygen exchange. In bony fish, the gills are covered by a bony cover called an operculum. When a fish breathes, it opens its mouth at regular times and draws in a mouthful of water. It then draws the sides of its throat together, forcing the water through the gill openings. The water passes over the gills on the outside. Valves inside the mouth keep the water from escaping through the mouth again. The operculum can be very important in adjusting the pressure of water inside of the pharynx to allow proper ventilation of the gills. Lampreys and sharks lack an operculum, they have multiple gill openings. Also, they must use different methods to force water over the gills. In sharks and rays, this ventilation of the gills is achieved either by the use of spiracles or ram ventilation (ventilation by constantly swimming). Although some animals use this method it is much better for animals to use a spiracle because they are less susceptible to injury." [Wikipedia:Gill#Vertebrate_gills] xref: ANISEED:1235300 is_a: UBERON:0002535 ! gill relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-18T01:18:17Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000207 name: compound eye corneal lens def: "A chitinous extracellular secretion of the four underlying cone cells and the pigment cells." [GO:0048058] synonym: "acellular lens" RELATED [] xref: FBbt:00004199 xref: TADS:0000304 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0005389 ! transparent eye structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000018 ! compound eye created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-18T01:35:32Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000208 name: obsolete cellular lens is_obsolete: true replaced_by: UBERON:0000965 created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-04-18T01:37:39Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000209 name: tetrapod frontal bone def: "In humans: A bone resembling a cockleshell in two portions the squama frontalis, corresponding with the region of the forehead, and an orbital or horizontal portion, the pars orbitalis, which enters into the formation of the roofs of the orbital and nasal cavities." [Wikipedia:Frontal_bone] comment: Taxon notes: fused in humans, paired in other animals Development notes: In the mouse the parietal originates from cephalic paraxial mesoderm (Jiang 2000; Morriss-Kay 2001), whereas in the chicken it is traced back to either mesodermal (Noden 1978) or neural crest (Couly 1992, 1993). synonym: "frontal" NARROW [AAO:0000206] synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW SENSU [FMA:52734, MA:0001466] synonym: "os frontal" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Frontal_bone] synonym: "os frontale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_bone] xref: AAO:0000206 xref: EMAPA:19016 xref: FMA:52734 xref: GAID:226 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Frontal_bone.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray136.png/200px-Gray136.png xref: MA:0001466 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.375 xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Bone xref: SCTID:181793006 xref: VHOG:0001324 xref: VSAO:0000208 is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0010428 {source="FMA"} ! flat bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001677 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! sphenoid bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001679 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! ethmoid bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="cjm"} ! dermatocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0000210 name: tetrapod parietal bone def: "In humans: bone forming side and roof of cranium. Each bone is irregularly quadrilateral in form, and has two surfaces, four borders, and four angles." [Wikipedia:Parietal_bone, ZFA:0000514] comment: Taxon notes: The frontal bone in teleost fish is the homolog of the parietal bone in tetrapods[various]. In many non-mammalian tetrapods, they are bordered to the rear by a pair of postparietal bones that may be solely in the roof of the skull, or slope downwards to contribute to the back of the skull, depending on the species. In the living tuatara, and many fossil species, a small opening, the parietal foramen, lies between the two parietal bones. This opening is the location of a third eye in the midline of the skull, which is much smaller than the two main eyes[WP] synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW [TAO:0000514] synonym: "os parietale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parietal_bone] synonym: "os parietale" RELATED [Wikipedia:Parietal_bone] synonym: "parietal" NARROW SENSU [AAO:0000390] synonym: "parietal bone" NARROW SENSU [FMA:9613] synonym: "teleost frontal bone" NARROW [TAO:0000514] xref: AAO:0000390 xref: EMAPA:18715 xref: FMA:9613 xref: GAID:229 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Gray132.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray132.png/200px-Gray132.png xref: MA:0001469 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.651 xref: ncithesaurus:Parietal_Bone xref: SCTID:181794000 xref: VHOG:0001324 xref: VHOG:0001326 is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0010428 {source="FMA"} ! flat bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 {source="PMID:11523816"} ! vault of skull property_value: homology_notes "The homologization of cranial bones of actinopterygians with those of sarcopterygians based on the bone names established in human anatomy is favored in order to permit the building of phylogenetic relationship schemes beyond the taxonomic boundaries of osteichthyans (including tetrapods). (...) In actinopterygians, the terms parietal and postparietal bones have to replace the commonly used terms 'frontal' and 'parietal' bones for the two paired bones on the skull roof.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001326", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-3899370805 Arratia G, Schultze HP, Wilson MVH, Mesozoic Fishes 4 - Homology and Phylogeny (2008) p.23-48", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000211 name: ligament def: "Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi by connective tissue. Examples: sutural ligament, radiate sternocostal ligament, ligament of liver, ovarian ligament[FMA]." [FMA:21496, Wikipedia:Ligament] comment: Note this groups both skeletal and non-skeletal ligaments. What is called a "ligament" in many AOs is actually a skeletal ligament subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ligament organ" EXACT [FMA:21496] xref: EFO:0001966 xref: FMA:21496 xref: galen:Ligament xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Knee_diagram.svg xref: MA:0000113 xref: ncithesaurus:Ligament xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjqpZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182358004 xref: TAO:0001682 xref: VHOG:0001272 xref: XAO:0004031 xref: ZFA:0001675 is_a: UBERON:0007846 {source="VSAO"} ! dense regular connective tissue relationship: has_part UBERON:0007846 ! dense regular connective tissue property_value: external_definition "Portion of connective tissue that connects bone or cartilage.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001682", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: homology_notes "Compared with their Ediacarian predecessor, Cambrian animals in general were characterized by their much stouter bodies. The stoutness of the body is likely due to the formation of ligaments and tendons, which in turn requires the crosslinking of collagen triple helices.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001272", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:8710894 Ohno S, The notion of the Cambrian pananimalia genome. PNAS (1996)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000212 name: toilet claw def: "specialized claw or nail on the foot of certain primates, used for personal grooming." [Wikipedia:Toilet-claw] is_a: UBERON:0001705 ! nail created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-05-19T08:19:58Z [Term] id: UBERON:0000218 name: vertebral arch of axis synonym: "vertebral foramen of second cervical vertebra" EXACT [] xref: FMA:24053 is_a: UBERON:0008434 ! cervical vertebral arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0001093 intersection_of: UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001093 ! second cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001093 ! second cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0000219 name: vertebral foramen of atlas def: "." [Wikipedia:Atlas_(anatomy)#Vertebral_foramen] synonym: "vertebral foramen of first cervical vertebra" EXACT [] xref: FMA:24293 xref: SCTID:281228008 is_a: UBERON:0008429 ! cervical vertebral foramen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 intersection_of: UBERON:0001131 ! vertebral foramen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0000220 name: atlanto-occipital joint def: "The Atlanto-occipital joint (articulation between the atlas and the occipital bone) consists of a pair of condyloid joints. The atlanto-occipital joint is a synovial joint. The ligaments connecting the bones are: Two Articular capsules; Posterior atlantoöccipital membrane; Anterior atlantoöccipital membrane; Lateral atlantoöccipital" [Wikipedia:Atlanto-occipital_joint] synonym: "articulatio atlanto-occipitalis" EXACT [FMA:24939] synonym: "articulatio atlantooccipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Atlanto-occipital_joint] synonym: "atlanto occipital joint" EXACT [] synonym: "atlantooccipital joint" EXACT [] synonym: "craniovertebral joint" EXACT [FMA:24939] synonym: "occipito atlantal joint" EXACT [] synonym: "occipito-atlantal joint" EXACT [] xref: FMA:24939 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Gray304.png xref: ncithesaurus:Atlanto-occipital_Joint xref: ncithesaurus:Atlanto-occipital_Joint-Atlanto xref: SCTID:361831006 is_a: UBERON:0002217 {source="FMA"} ! synovial joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra relationship: connects UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0011138 ! post-cranial axial skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0000221 name: supraauricular point def: "a craniometric point on the posterior root of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone directly above the auricular point." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=70620] synonym: "supra-auricular part of head" EXACT [FMA:224222] xref: FMA:224222 is_a: UBERON:0006983 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical point [Term] id: UBERON:0000301 name: amniotic cavity def: "The amniotic cavity is formed by the fusion of the parts of the amniotic fold, which first makes its appearance at the cephalic extremity, and subsequently at the caudal end and sides of the embryo. As the amniotic fold rises and fuses over the dorsal aspect of the embryo, the amniotic cavity is formed. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Amniotic_cavity] synonym: "cavitas amniotica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Amniotic_cavity] xref: BTO:0000025 xref: EHDAA2:0000119 xref: EHDAA:83 xref: EMAPA:16079 xref: FMA:63941 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray31.png xref: ncithesaurus:Amniotic_Cavity xref: SCTID:280366002 xref: VHOG:0000855 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: has_part UBERON:0000173 ! amniotic fluid property_value: external_definition "The closed sac between the embryo and the amnion, containing the amniotic fluid. [Free_Online_Medical_Dictionary]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000855", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/amniotic+cavity"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000303 name: adductor longus def: "An adductor muscle that attaches to the hip and femur. In humans, it is a part of the adductor group of the thigh, that as the name suggests adducts the thigh. The adductor longus muscle forms the medial wall of the femoral triangle[WP, generalized]." [Wikipedia:Adductor_longus_muscle] comment: Definition generalized to accommodate AAO class - "Originates on the iliac portion of the ventral iliac rim and inserts on the lateral surface of the M. adductor magnus." [AAO:0010034] synonym: "adductor longus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "long adductor muscle" RELATED [BTO:0000029] synonym: "Musculus adductor longus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Adductor_longus_muscle] synonym: "musculus adductor longus" RELATED [BTO:0000029] xref: AAO:0010034 xref: BTO:0000029 xref: FMA:22441 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: SCTID:181686003 is_a: UBERON:0004252 ! hindlimb stylopod muscle is_a: UBERON:0011144 {source="Wikipedia"} ! adductor muscle of hip relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 {source="dbpedia", notes="linea aspera"} ! femur relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 {notes="pubic body just below the pubic crest", source="dbpedia"} ! pubis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod property_value: external_definition "Originates on the iliac portion of the ventral iliac rim and inserts on the lateral surface of the M. adductor magnus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010034", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000304 name: tendon sheath def: "A layer of membrane around a tendon. It has 2 layers: synovial sheath + fibrous tendon sheath" [Wikipedia:Tendon_sheath] comment: TODO: add layer relations. 'tendon sheath' GAT in FMA. synonym: "synovial tendon sheath" EXACT [FMA:45087] synonym: "vagina tendinis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tendon_sheath] xref: BTO:0000051 xref: FMA:45087 xref: FMA:76715 xref: ncithesaurus:Tendon_Sheath xref: SCTID:361885006 is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000043 ! tendon [Term] id: UBERON:0000305 name: amnion def: "A membrane building the amniotic sac that surrounds and protects an embryo. It is developed in reptiles, birds, and mammals, which are hence called “Amniota”; but not in amphibians and fish (Ichthyopsida), which are consequently termed “Anamniota”. The primary function of this is the protection of the embryo for its development. It stems from parts of the mesoderm on the outer side and the ectoderm on the inner side[WP]." [Wikipedia:Amnion] xref: BTO:0000065 xref: EHDAA2:0000116 xref: EHDAA:136 xref: EMAPA:16109 xref: EV:0100122 xref: FMA:80223 xref: GAID:1298 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Gray14.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.403.277 xref: ncithesaurus:Amnion xref: SCTID:181457005 xref: VHOG:0000721 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005631 ! extraembryonic membrane relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004871 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "A thin but tough extraembryonic membrane of reptiles, birds and mammals that lines the chorion and contains the fEtus and the amniotic fluid around it. [Biology_Online][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000721", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Structures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes of reptiles and birds appear in mammals: amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000721", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.187", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000307 name: blastula alt_id: UBERON:0007011 def: "Organism at the blastula stage - an early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence." [Wikipedia:Blastula] comment: TODO - check relationship with epiblast. Note in FMA this is not a subclass of embryo, but in uberon embryo is the whole organism from zygote onwards and thus includes the blastula subset: inconsistent_with_fma synonym: "blastosphere" RELATED [Wikipedia:Blastula] synonym: "blastula embryo" EXACT [BILA:0000059] xref: BILA:0000059 xref: BTO:0000128 xref: GAID:1294 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Blastulation.png/200px-Blastulation.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.270.274 xref: OGEM:000006 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rEetFnKP2EdqAAAACs4vPlg is_a: UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000108 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000108 ! blastula stage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007010 ! cleaving embryo relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000108 ! blastula stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000309 name: body wall def: "the external portion of an animal body comprised of ectoderm and mesoderm layers that encloses the body cavity." [MP:0003385] synonym: "Koerperwand" RELATED [BTO:0000139] synonym: "trunk wall" EXACT [FMA:10427] synonym: "wall of trunk" EXACT [FMA:10427] xref: BTO:0000139 xref: FMA:10427 xref: galen:BodyWall xref: SCTID:281483004 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0000310 name: breast def: "The breast is the upper ventral region of an animal's torso, particularly that of mammals, including human beings. The breasts of a female primate’s body contain the mammary glands, which secrete milk used to feed infants. Both men and women develop breasts from the same embryological tissues. However, at puberty female sex hormones, mainly estrogens, promote breast development, which does not happen with men. As a result women's breasts become more prominent than men's. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Breast] synonym: "mamma" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Breast] synonym: "mammary part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9601] synonym: "mammary region" EXACT [FMA:9601] xref: BTO:0000149 xref: EV:0100124 xref: FMA:9601 xref: GAID:33 xref: galen:Breast xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Closeup_of_female_breast.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Closeup_of_female_breast.jpg/200px-Closeup_of_female_breast.jpg xref: MESH:A.01.236 xref: ncithesaurus:Breast xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjV7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181131000 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0000311 name: extensor muscle def: "A muscle that, upon contraction, tends to straighten a joint or limb. The antagonist of a flexor muscle[BTO]. Any of the muscles that increase the angle between members of a limb, as by straightening the elbow or knee or bending the wrist or spine backward. The movement is usually directed backward, with the notable exception of the knee joint. In humans, certain muscles of the hand and foot are named for this function. In the hand these include the extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, and extensor carpi ulnaris, which run from the humerus (bone of the upper arm) along the back of the forearm to the metacarpal bones at the back of the hand[Britannica]" [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/198909/extensor-muscle] synonym: "extensor" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000151 xref: FMA:75000 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010962 ! extensor pre-muscle mass relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin [Term] id: UBERON:0000312 name: inner cambium layer of periosteum synonym: "cambial layer" EXACT [FMA:234358] synonym: "cambial layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234358] synonym: "cambium" EXACT [] synonym: "cambium layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234358] synonym: "inner cambial layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234358] synonym: "internal layer of periosteum" EXACT [] synonym: "internal periosteum" EXACT [] synonym: "osteogenic layer of periosteum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Periosteum] xref: FMA:234358 is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0011824 ! fibrous connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002515 {source="FMA"} ! periosteum [Term] id: UBERON:0000313 name: tibial cartilage def: "Cartilage pertaining to the tibia." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] comment: TODO synonym: "cartilage of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33923] xref: BTO:0000207 xref: FMA:33923 is_a: UBERON:0004270 ! lower leg connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0007391 ! pelvic appendage cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0000314 name: cecum mucosa def: "A mucosa that is part of a cecum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caecum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caecum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caecum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caecum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Cecal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14998] synonym: "cecum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cecum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cecum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of cecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of cecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of cecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of cecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000213 xref: FMA:14998 is_a: UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum [Term] id: UBERON:0000315 name: subarachnoid space def: "The space between the arachnoid and pia mater." [GOC:add, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1109502&aid=3535256&group_id=76834, Wikipedia:Subarachnoid_space] synonym: "cavitas subarachnoidea" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000230] synonym: "cavum subarachnoideale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subarachnoid_space] synonym: "spatium leptomeningeum" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000230] synonym: "spatium subarachnoideum" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0000230] synonym: "spatium subarachnoideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subarachnoid_space] synonym: "subarachnoid cavity" RELATED [BTO:0000230] xref: BTO:0000230 xref: EMAPA:18211 xref: EMAPA:19053 xref: EMAPA:19054 xref: EMAPA:19055 xref: EMAPA:25079 xref: FMA:83716 xref: GAID:689 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray769-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gray769.png/200px-Gray769.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.566.166.686 xref: SCTID:362311001 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002361 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002362 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater relationship: contains UBERON:0001359 ! cerebrospinal fluid [Term] id: UBERON:0000316 name: cervical mucus def: "Thick acidic mucus that blocks the cervical os after mestruation[WP]. This 'infertile' mucus blocks spermatozoa from entering the uterus." [Wikipedia:Cervix#Cervical_mucus, Wikipedia:Mucus#Reproductive_system] synonym: "cervix mucus" EXACT [Obol:automatic] xref: BTO:0000242 xref: FMA:83689 xref: MESH:A.12.200.503.339 is_a: UBERON:0000912 {source="FMA"} ! mucus [Term] id: UBERON:0000317 name: colonic mucosa alt_id: UBERON:0003347 alt_id: UBERON:0004981 def: "A mucosa that is part of a colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "colon mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14984] synonym: "colon mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "colon mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "colon organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "colonic mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:14984] synonym: "large bowel mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large bowel mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large bowel mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large bowel organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of colon" EXACT [FMA:14984] synonym: "mucosa of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of segment of colon" EXACT [FMA:85388] synonym: "mucous membrane of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000271 xref: EFO:0003038 xref: EMAPA:27375 xref: FMA:14984 xref: FMA:85388 xref: SCTID:362157008 is_a: UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon [Term] id: UBERON:0000319 name: cytotrophoblast def: "The cytotrophoblast (or layer of Langhans) is the inner layer of the trophoblast, interior to the syncytiotrophoblast in an embryo. It serves to anchor the embryonic chorion to the maternal endometrium. Cytotrophoblasts are stem cells in the chorionic villi. During differentiation, mononuclear cytotrophoblast fuse together into the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblasts. The primary villi has only the cytotrophoblast as an axe. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cytotrophoblast] synonym: "cellular trophoblast" EXACT [FMA:83039] synonym: "cytotrophoblastic cell" RELATED [FMA:83039] synonym: "cytotrophoblastic cell layer" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "cytotrophoblastus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cytotrophoblast] synonym: "Langhans' layer" RELATED [BTO:0000322] xref: BTO:0000322 xref: EHDAA:127 xref: EHDAA:152 xref: EHDAA:89 xref: EMAPA:16067 xref: FMA:83039 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Gray36.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Gray36.png/200px-Gray36.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cytotrophoblast xref: SCTID:308841008 xref: VHOG:0000683 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000371 ! syncytiotrophoblast relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000453 ! decidua basalis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000088 ! trophoblast property_value: external_definition "A derivative layer of the trophoblast, the cells of which retain their boundaries and contribute to the extraembryonic mesoderm [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.189, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000683", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000320 name: duodenal mucosa alt_id: UBERON:0003348 def: "A mucosa that is part of a duodenum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Doudenal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14942] synonym: "Duodenal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:14942] synonym: "duodenum mucosa" RELATED [BTO:0000367] synonym: "mucosa of duodenum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of duodenum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000367 xref: EMAPA:27235 xref: FMA:14942 xref: SCTID:362146003 is_a: UBERON:0001204 ! mucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum [Term] id: UBERON:0000322 name: cerebral lobe comment: set/singular synonym: "Cerebral lobes" EXACT [FMA:77800] synonym: "Cerebral lobes set" EXACT [FMA:77800] synonym: "lobi cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77800, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of cerebral lobes" RELATED [FMA:77800] xref: BTO:0000445 xref: FMA:77800 xref: SCTID:272632001 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0000323 name: late embryo comment: TODO - check fetus/embryo. WP: An embryo is a multicellular diploid eukaryote in its earliest stage of development, from the time of first cell division until birth, hatching, or germination. In humans, it is called an embryo until about eight weeks after fertilization (i.e. ten weeks LMP), and from then it is instead called a fetus. synonym: "embryo late growth stage" RELATED [BTO:0000449] synonym: "embryo late stage" RELATED [BTO:0000449] synonym: "fetus" NARROW [BTO:0000449] xref: BTO:0000449 xref: EFO:0001323 xref: FMA:63919 xref: GAID:552 xref: MESH:A.16.378 xref: ncithesaurus:Fetus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZfC2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:83418008 is_a: UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0007220 ! late embryonic stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000325 name: gastric gland def: "any of the branched tubules in the inner lining of the stomach that secrete gastric juice and protective mucus." [] subset: grouping_class subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0000503 xref: FMA:14919 is_a: UBERON:0002365 {source="cjm"} ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0003294 ! gland of foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0006924 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! stomach glandular epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0000326 name: pancreatic juice def: "Pancreatic juice is slightly alkaline and contains numerous enzymes and inactive enzyme precursors including alpha-amylase, chymotrypsinogen, lipase, procarboxypeptidase, proelastase, prophospholipase A2, ribonuclease, and trypsinogen. Its high concentration of bicarbonate ions helps to neutralize the acid from the stomach." [GO:0030157] synonym: "succus pancreaticus" RELATED [BTO:0000504] xref: BTO:0000504 xref: FMA:62973 xref: GAID:1166 xref: MESH:A.12.200.567 is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion [Term] id: UBERON:0000328 name: gut wall synonym: "wall of gut" EXACT [FMA:45653] xref: BTO:0000547 xref: FMA:45653 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0000329 name: hair root def: "The enlarged basal part of a hair within the skin[BTO]. The root of the hair ends in an enlargement, the hair bulb, which is whiter in color and softer in texture than the shaft, and is lodged in a follicular involution of the epidermis called the hair follicle. [Wikipedia]." [BTO:0000555, Wikipedia:Hair_root] synonym: "root of hair" EXACT [FMA:70730] xref: BTO:0000555 xref: FMA:70730 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray944.png/200px-Gray944.png xref: ncithesaurus:Hair_Root is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0000331 name: ileal mucosa def: "A mucosa that is part of a ileum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Ileal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:14956] synonym: "Ileum mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14956] synonym: "ileum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ileum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ileum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ileum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of ileum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of ileum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of ileum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of ileum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000619 xref: FMA:14956 xref: SCTID:85458007 is_a: UBERON:0001204 ! mucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum [Term] id: UBERON:0000332 name: yellow bone marrow def: "bone marrow in which the fat cells predominate in the meshes of the reticular network." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Yellow+Marrow] synonym: "fat marrow" RELATED [BTO:0000635] synonym: "medulla ossium flava" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0000635] synonym: "yellow marrow" RELATED [BTO:0000635] xref: BTO:0000635 xref: FMA:74596 xref: SCTID:328639002 xref: SCTID:5023006 is_a: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue is_a: UBERON:0002371 ! bone marrow [Term] id: UBERON:0000333 name: intestinal gland def: "A gland that is part of a intestinal mucosa [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO check UBERON:0001983 subset: organ_slim synonym: "bowel mucosa gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel mucosa of organ gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel mucous membrane gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel organ mucosa gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "crypt of Lieberkuehn" RELATED [BTO:0000640] synonym: "gland of bowel mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of bowel mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of bowel mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of bowel organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of intestinal mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of intestine mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of intestine mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of intestine mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of intestine organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of Lieberkuehn" RELATED [BTO:0000640] synonym: "gland of mucosa of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of mucosa of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of mucosa of organ of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of mucosa of organ of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of mucous membrane of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of mucous membrane of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of organ mucosa of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of organ mucosa of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Glandula intestinalis" EXACT [FMA:15052] synonym: "glandulae intestinales" RELATED [] synonym: "intestinal mucosa gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine mucosa gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine mucosa of organ gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine mucous membrane gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine organ mucosa gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Lieberkuehn`s gland" RELATED [BTO:0000640] synonym: "mucosa of bowel gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of intestine gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bowel gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of intestine gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of bowel gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of intestine gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of bowel gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of intestine gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000640 xref: FMA:15052 xref: SCTID:266297002 is_a: UBERON:0003408 ! gland of gut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0000341 name: throat def: "In anatomy, the throat is the anterior part of the neck, in front of the vertebral column. It consists of the pharynx and larynx. An important feature of the throat is the epiglottis, a flap which separates the esophagus from the trachea and prevents inhalation of food or drink. The throat contains various blood vessels, various pharyngeal muscles, the trachea (windpipe) and the esophagus. The hyoid bone and the clavicle are the only bones located in the throat of mammals. It is sometimes considered a synonym for fauces. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Throat] comment: Taxon notes: The hyoid bone and the clavicle are the only bones located in the throat of mammals. synonym: "gula" RELATED LATIN [] xref: BTO:0000828 xref: FMA:228738 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Throat_Diagram.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Throat_Diagram.png/200px-Throat_Diagram.png xref: ncithesaurus:Throat xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQtO_JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0000344 name: mucosa def: "A lining of mostly endodermal origin, covered in epithelium, which is involved in absorption and secretion. They line various body cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs. It is at several places continuous with skin: at the nostrils, the lips, the ears, the genital area, and the anus. The sticky, thick fluid secreted by the mucous membranes and gland is termed mucus. The term mucous membrane refers to where they are found in the body and not every mucous membrane secretes mucus[WP]" [Wikipedia:Mucous_membrane] comment: AO notes: FMA has mucosa vs region of mucosa; these are subtypes of Mucosa: Mucosa of gallbladder, tongue, .... The following are subtypes of Region of mucosa: Mucosa of zone of stomach, trachea, bronchus, dorsum of tongue.... Depends on whether the covered area is an organ or organ component. Uberon does not regard organ vs organ component as crucial distinction and thus collapses these into a single class deliberately synonym: "mucosa of organ" EXACT [FMA:85355] synonym: "mucosa of organ part" EXACT [FMA:85358] synonym: "mucosal region" EXACT [FMA:85358] synonym: "mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:85355] synonym: "organ mucosa" EXACT [FMA:85355] synonym: "region of mucosa" RELATED [FMA:85358] synonym: "tunica mucosa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mucous_membrane] synonym: "tunica mucosa" RELATED [BTO:0000886] xref: AEO:0000199 xref: BTO:0000886 xref: EHDAA2:0003234 xref: EV:0100382 xref: FMA:85355 xref: FMA:85358 xref: GAID:297 xref: galen:Mucosa xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Ens.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4e/Ens.png/200px-Ens.png xref: MESH:A.10.615.550 xref: ncithesaurus:Mucosa xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmKNOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361693009 is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer [Term] id: UBERON:0000345 name: myelin def: "a dielectric (electrically insulating) material that forms a layer, the myelin sheath, usually around only the axon of a neuron. Myelin is about 40 % water; the dry mass of myelin is about 70 - 85 % lipids and about 15 - 30 % proteins. Some of the proteins that make up myelin are myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), and proteolipid protein (PLP). The primary lipid of myelin is a glycolipid called galactocerebroside (GalC). The intertwining hydrocarbon chains of sphingomyelin serve to strengthen the myelin sheath." [Wikipedia:Myelin] comment: editor note: cede to other ontology. Retired in ncit xref: BTO:0000894 xref: FMA:62977 xref: ncithesaurus:Myelin is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000346 name: myelin membrane comment: BTO has def The multilamellar myelin membrane is a specisalised lipid-rich domain of the glial cell plasma membrane. FMA has primary term name Myelinated plasma membrane of Schwann cell synonym: "myelinated plasma membrane of Schwann cell" EXACT [FMA:73417] xref: BTO:0000895 xref: FMA:73417 is_a: UBERON:0000470 ! cell part relationship: has_part UBERON:0000345 ! myelin [Term] id: UBERON:0000347 name: myelin sheath def: "the insulating envelope that surrounds nerve fibers or axons." [MP:0003871] synonym: "medullary sheath" RELATED [BTO:0000900] xref: BTO:0000900 xref: FMA:62983 xref: GAID:731 xref: GO:0043209 xref: MESH:A.08.637.600.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Myelin_Sheath is_a: UBERON:0000470 ! cell part relationship: has_part UBERON:0000345 ! myelin [Term] id: UBERON:0000348 name: ophthalmic nerve def: "the sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the orbit and its contents, the nasal cavity and the skin of the nose and forehead." [MP:0009798, Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve] synonym: "ethmoidal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve] synonym: "first division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "first division of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus (V1)" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus (Va)" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus [v1]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52621, FMA:TA] synonym: "nervus ophthalmicus [va]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52621, FMA:TA] synonym: "ophthalmic division" RELATED [BTO:0000926] synonym: "ophthalmic division" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve] synonym: "ophthalmic division [V1]" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic division [Va]" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (V1)" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve (Va)" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic nerve [V1]" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "ophthalmic nerve [Va]" EXACT [FMA:52621] synonym: "opthalmic nerve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_nerve] synonym: "ramus opthalmicus profundus (ramus V1)" EXACT [AAO:0010648] synonym: "trigeminal V nerve ophthalmic division" EXACT [MA:0001104] xref: AAO:0010648 xref: BTO:0000926 xref: EHDAA2:0002088 xref: EHDAA:3744 xref: EMAPA:17800 xref: FMA:52621 xref: GAID:837 xref: MA:0001104 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.760.650 xref: ncithesaurus:Ophthalmic_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwEs_K5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280210000 xref: VHOG:0001349 is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001645 {source="FMA"} ! trigeminal nerve property_value: external_definition "Sensory medial ramus of the trigeminal nerve.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010648", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The profundus nerve is a distinct nerve only in fishes. (...) In mammals, the profundus nerve is the same as the most rostral (ophthalmic) branch of the trigeminal nerve.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001349", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.177", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000349 name: limbic system def: "A set of midline structures surrounding the brainstem of the mammalian brain, originally described anatomically, e.g., hippocampal formation, amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate cortex. Although the original designation was anatomical, the limbic system has come to be associated with the system in the brain subserving emotional functions. As such, it is very poorly defined and doesn't correspond closely to the anatomical meaning any longer. [BirnLex]. including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, and limbic cortex, which support a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, long term memory, and olfaction [Wikipedia]." [BIRNLEX:Limbic_system, Wikipedia:Limbic_system] comment: obsoletion recommended. The current part_of children were chosen as the intersection of what is stated in wikipedia and in the FMA. NIF: We are including Limbic System because it is still used by neuroscientists and others, but as a data annotation term, it is very poor because it is not a clearly defined entity. xref: BTO:0000928 xref: FMA:242000 xref: GAID:615 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Brain_limbicsystem.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Brain_limbicsystem.jpg/200px-Brain_limbicsystem.jpg xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577 xref: ncithesaurus:Limbic_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAeba5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361342009 is_a: UBERON:0000467 {source="GO"} ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0000351 name: nuchal ligament def: "a fibrous membrane, which, in the neck, represents the supraspinal ligaments of the upper vertebræ. As it is required for running, not all animals have a nuchal ligament" [Wikipedia:Nuchal_ligament] synonym: "ligament of neck" EXACT [FMA:13427] synonym: "ligamentum nuchae" EXACT [FMA:13427] synonym: "paxwax" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000952 xref: EMAPA:19207 xref: FMA:13427 xref: SCTID:166962007 is_a: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0000353 name: parenchyma def: "functional part of an organ in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma, which refers to the structural tissue of organs, being exactly, connective tissues. Early in development the mammalian embryo has three distinct layers: ectoderm (external layer), endoderm (internal layer) and in between those two layers the middle layer or mesoderm. The parenchyma of most organs is of ectodermal (brain, skin) or endodermal origin (lungs, gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas). The parenchyma of a few organs (spleen, kidneys, heart) is of mesodermal origin. The stroma of all organs is of mesodermal origin[WP]." [Wikipedia:Parenchyma] xref: EHDAA:3015 xref: EHDAA:3905 xref: EHDAA:3999 xref: EHDAA:4005 xref: EHDAA:6899 xref: EHDAA:6903 xref: EHDAA:6994 xref: EHDAA:8086 xref: EHDAA:9182 xref: EHDAA:9190 xref: EHDAA:9196 xref: EHDAA:9202 xref: FMA:45732 xref: ncithesaurus:Parenchyma is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0000355 name: pharyngeal mucosa alt_id: UBERON:0003344 def: "A mucosa that is part of a pharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Mucous membrane of pharynx" EXACT [FMA:55031] synonym: "mucous membrane of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of the pharynx" RELATED [BTO:0001047] synonym: "organ mucosa of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa pharyngea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55031, FMA:TA] synonym: "tunica mucosa pharyngis" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001047 xref: EMAPA:26957 xref: EMAPA:26965 xref: FMA:55031 xref: SCTID:362121003 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0000358 name: blastocyst def: "The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm[GO]." [GO:0001824, Wikipedia:Blastocyst] comment: Editor's note: Gilbert fig11.32 has blastocyst has giving rise to ICM and trophoblast (which in this source is a synonym for trophectoderm) synonym: "blastocystis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Blastocyst] synonym: "blastula" RELATED [FMA:83041] xref: BTO:0001099 xref: EFO:0000295 xref: EV:0100394 xref: FMA:83041 xref: GAID:1153 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Blastocyst_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Blastocyst_English.svg/200px-Blastocyst_English.svg.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.085 xref: ncithesaurus:Blastocyst xref: SCTID:308837009 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000108 ! blastula stage relationship: has_part UBERON:0000087 ! inner cell mass relationship: has_part UBERON:0000088 ! trophoblast relationship: part_of UBERON:0000307 ! blastula [Term] id: UBERON:0000359 name: preputial gland def: "An exocrine gland that are located in front of the genitals of some mammals (including mice) and produce pheromones[WP]." [Wikipedia:Preputial_gland] subset: organ_slim synonym: "glandulae preputiales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71652, FMA:TA] synonym: "preputial glands" EXACT [FMA:71652] synonym: "preputial glands set" EXACT [FMA:71652] synonym: "set of preputial glands" RELATED [FMA:71652] xref: FMA:71652 xref: ncithesaurus:Prepucial_Gland_MMHCC xref: SCTID:278916008 is_a: UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland relationship: secretes UBERON:0003670 intersection_of: UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0003670 ! smegma relationship: secretes UBERON:0003670 ! smegma [Term] id: UBERON:0000360 name: obsolete rectal gland is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0004757 consider: UBERON:0004758 consider: UBERON:0004759 consider: UBERON:0004760 [Term] id: UBERON:0000361 name: red bone marrow def: "The red vascular substance consisting of connective tissue and blood vessels, containing primitive blood cells, macrophages, megakaryocytes, and fat cells. Red marrow is found in the cavities of many bones. It manufactures and releases leukocytes and erythrocytes into the bloodstream." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/red+marrow] synonym: "medulla ossium rubra" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0001160] synonym: "red marrow" RELATED [BTO:0001160] xref: BTO:0001160 xref: FMA:74595 xref: SCTID:328538003 xref: SCTID:75330005 is_a: UBERON:0002371 ! bone marrow [Term] id: UBERON:0000362 name: renal medulla def: "The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney. The renal medulla is split up into a number of sections, known as the renal pyramids. Blood enters into the kidney via the renal artery, which then splits up to form the arcuate arterioles. The arcuate arterioles each in turn branch into interlobular arterioles, which finally reach the glomeruli. At the glomerulus the blood reaches a highly disfavourable pressure gradient and a large exchange surface area, which forces the serum portion of the blood out of the vessel into the renal tubules. Flow continues through the renal tubules, including the proximal tubule, the Loop of Henle, and finally leaves the kidney by means of the collecting duct, leading to the renal ureter. The renal medulla (latin renes medulla = kidney middle) contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. The renal medulla is hypertonic to the filtrate in the nephron and aids in the reabsorption of water. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Renal_medulla] synonym: "kidney medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla renalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74268, FMA:TA] synonym: "medullary pyramids" EXACT [FMA:74268] synonym: "pyramides renales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74268, FMA:TA] synonym: "renal marrow" RELATED [BTO:0001167] synonym: "renal medullae" EXACT [FMA:86327] synonym: "renal medullae set" EXACT [FMA:86327] synonym: "renal pyramids" EXACT [FMA:74268] synonym: "renal pyramids set" EXACT [FMA:74268] synonym: "set of medullary pyramids" RELATED [FMA:74268] synonym: "set of renal pyramids" RELATED [FMA:74268] xref: BTO:0001167 xref: EMAPA:19279 xref: FMA:74268 xref: GAID:425 xref: galen:MedullaOfKidney xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg/200px-Illu_kidney.jpg xref: MA:0000373 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.466 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Medulla xref: SCTID:30737000 is_a: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0000363 name: reticuloendothelial system def: "A part of the immune system that consists of the phagocytic cells located in reticular connective tissue. The cells are primarily monocytes and macrophages, and they accumulate in lymph nodes and the spleen. The Kupffer cells of the liver and tissue histiocytes are also part of the RES. A lymphoma of the reticuloendothelial system is called reticuloendotheliosis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Reticuloendothelial_system] synonym: "lymphoreticular" RELATED [BioMart:BioMart] synonym: "lymphoreticular system" EXACT [Wikipedia:Reticuloendothelial_system] synonym: "mononuclear phagocyte system" EXACT [FMA:84189] synonym: "RES" EXACT [Wikipedia:Reticuloendothelial_system] xref: BTO:0001174 xref: EV:0100048 xref: FMA:84189 xref: GAID:1004 xref: MESH:A.15.382.812 xref: ncithesaurus:Reticuloendothelial_System xref: SCTID:278874002 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system [Term] id: UBERON:0000364 name: obsolete rootlet synonym: "fila radicularia" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76787, FMA:TA] synonym: "Rootlets" EXACT [FMA:76787] synonym: "Rootlets set" EXACT [FMA:76787] xref: BTO:0001192 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000365 name: urothelium def: "The urothelium is the epithelial tissue layer that lines much of the urinary tract, including the renal pelvis, the ureters, the bladder, and parts of the urethra." [Wikipedia:Urothelium] comment: consider merging with transitional epithelium. MA uses the label 'urothelium' exclusively. FMA uses 'transitional epithelium' and has 'urothelium' as a sibling. FMA also lists 'urothelium' as the only example of 'transitional epithelium' synonym: "transitional epithelium" BROAD INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "uroepithelium" EXACT [FMA:67695] xref: BTO:0003906 xref: EMAPA:28089 xref: FMA:67695 xref: GAID:935 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Harnblase_Urothel.png xref: MESH:A.10.272.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Urothelium xref: SCTID:57789003 is_a: UBERON:0005910 ! transitional epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 intersection_of: UBERON:0005910 ! transitional epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0000366 name: flexor muscle def: "A muscle that when contracted acts to bend a joint or limb in the body." [BTO:0001257] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "flexor" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001257 xref: FMA:74559 xref: FMA:74999 xref: TAO:0005271 xref: ZFA:0005271 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010977 ! flexor pre-muscle mass relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin property_value: external_definition "A muscle that decreases the angle of a joint.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005271", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000368 name: adductor brevis def: "The adductor brevis is a muscle in the thigh situated immediately behind the pectineus and adductor longus. It is somewhat triangular in form, and arises by a narrow origin from the outer surfaces of the superior and inferior rami of the pubis, between the gracilis and obturator externus. Its fibers, passing backward, lateralward, and downward, are inserted, by an aponeurosis, into the line leading from the lesser trochanter to the linea aspera and into the upper part of the linea aspera, immediately behind the pectineus and upper part of the adductor longus.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Adductor_brevis_muscle] synonym: "adductor brevis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "Musculus adductos brevis" EXACT [FMA:22442] xref: BTO:0001288 xref: FMA:22442 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv13lfJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181687007 is_a: UBERON:0004252 ! hindlimb stylopod muscle is_a: UBERON:0011144 {source="Wikipedia"} ! adductor muscle of hip relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002504 {notes="the lesser trochanter and linea aspera of the femur", source="dbpedia"} ! lesser trochanter relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0005465 {source="dbpedia"} ! obturator nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 {notes="anterior surface of the inferior ramus and body of the pubis", source="dbpedia"} ! pubis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0000369 name: corpus striatum def: "The corpus striatum (striated body) is a compound structure consisting of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus, which consists of the putamen and the globus pallidus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Corpus_striatum] comment: The term has been used in a few different ways: * It is a pair of nuclear masses which form the basal ganglia, along with the subthalamic nucleus and the substantia nigra. * It may also refer to both the basal ganglia and internal capsule collectively.[2] * According to the 1917 version of Gray's Anatomy, it is the combination of the lentiform nucleus (also known as the lenticular nucleus) and the caudate nucleus * According to BrainInfo it is a part of the basal ganglia comprising the globus pallidus and striatum synonym: "striate body" RELATED [BTO:0001311] synonym: "striated body" RELATED [BTO:0001311] xref: BTO:0001311 xref: EFO:0000381 xref: EMAPA:17549 xref: EV:0100184 xref: FMA:77616 xref: GAID:667 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray656.png/200px-Gray656.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.105.487 xref: ncithesaurus:Corpus_Striatum xref: SCTID:279318005 xref: VHOG:0001175 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010082 {evidence="definitional"} ! future corpus striatum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="MA"} ! basal ganglion property_value: homology_notes "Thus, certain telencephalic characters - such as the presence of a pallium divided into lateral, dorsal, and medial formations and a subpallium divided into striatum and septum - appear to characterize all vertebrates. They are primitive characters and are homologous among all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001175", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.ne.04.030181.001505, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.487 Figure 14-10", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000370 name: adductor magnus def: "An adductor muscle that attaches to the pelvic bone and the femur. In humans, the adductor magnus is a large triangular muscle, situated on the medial side of the thigh. The portion which arises from the ischiopubic ramus (a small part of the inferior ramus of the pubis, and the inferior ramus of the ischium) is called the 'adductor magnesius portion', and the portion arising from the tuberosity of the ischium is called the 'hamstring portion'. The hamstring portion is not considered part of the hamstring group of muscles, but it is adjacent to it.[WP,generalized]." [Wikipedia:Adductor_magnus_muscle] comment: Definition generalized to accommodate AAO class - "Origin by two heads that are separated by a ventral tendon of the M. semitendinosus. One head originates from the ventral border of the pubic portion of the pelvic rim. The other head originates from the ischiatic border of the pelvic rim. The ventral head fuses with accessory head from the M. semitendinosus and inserts along the ventro-medial border of the femur. The dorsal belly merges with the ventral and accessory heads and inserts along the medial surface of the femur." [AAO:0010040] synonym: "adductor magnus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus adductor magnus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Adductor_magnus_muscle] xref: AAO:0010040 xref: BTO:0001312 xref: FMA:22443 xref: galen:AdductorMagnus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvuSd6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181688002 is_a: UBERON:0004252 ! hindlimb stylopod muscle is_a: UBERON:0011144 {source="Wikipedia"} ! adductor muscle of hip relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 {source="dbpedia"} ! femur relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001322 {source="dbpedia", notes="posterior branch of obturator nerve and sciatic nerve"} ! sciatic nerve relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0005465 {source="dbpedia", notes="posterior branch of obturator nerve and sciatic nerve"} ! obturator nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 {source="dbpedia", notes="tuberosity of the ischium"} ! pubis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod property_value: external_definition "Origin by two heads that are separated by a ventral tendon of the M. semitendinosus. One head originates from the ventral border of the pubic portion of the pelvic rim. The other head originates from the ischiatic border of the pelvic rim. The ventral head fuses with accessory head from the M. semitendinosus and inserts along the ventro-medial border of the femur. The dorsal belly merges with the ventral and accessory heads and inserts along the medial surface of the femur.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010040", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000371 name: syncytiotrophoblast def: "outer syncytial layer of the trophoblast." [Wikipedia:Syncytiotrophoblast] synonym: "syncitiotrophoblastus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Syncytiotrophoblast] synonym: "syncytial trophoblast" EXACT [FMA:83040] synonym: "syntrophoblast" RELATED [] synonym: "syntrophoblast layer" EXACT [ISBN10:0073040584] xref: BTO:0001335 xref: EHDAA:129 xref: EHDAA:91 xref: EMAPA:16068 xref: FMA:83040 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Gray36.png xref: ncithesaurus:Syncytiotrophoblast xref: SCTID:256965005 is_a: UBERON:0002050 {source="FMA"} ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000088 {source="BTO"} ! trophoblast relationship: part_of UBERON:0004364 {source="EMAPA"} ! ectoplacental cone [Term] id: UBERON:0000372 name: extensor digitorum brevis def: "a muscle on the upper surface of the foot that helps extend digits 2 through 4." [Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_brevis_muscle] synonym: "extensor digitorum brevis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus extensor digitorum brevis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_brevis_muscle] xref: BTO:0001337 xref: FMA:51140 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray441.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray1241.png/200px-Gray1241.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray441.png/200px-Gray441.png is_a: UBERON:0000311 {source="BTO"} ! extensor muscle is_a: UBERON:0001498 ! muscle of pes relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003221 {source="dbpedia", notes="proximal dorsal region of middle phalanges 2 3 and 4"} ! phalanx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001450 {source="dbpedia", notes="dorsal surface of calcaneus"} ! calcaneus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0000373 name: tapetum of corpus callosum def: "On either side of the corpus collosum, the fibers radiate in the white substance and pass to the various parts of the cerebral cortex; those curving forward from the genu into the frontal lobe constitute the forceps anterior, and those curving backward into the occipital lobe, the forceps posterior. Between these two parts is the main body of the fibers which constitute the tapetum and extend laterally on either side into the temporal lobe, and cover in the central part of the lateral ventricle. [Wikipedia via Greys]" [Wikipedia:Tapetum_of_corpus_callosum] comment: not to be confused with BTO:0001350 or GO:0048655-tapetal layer morphogenesis synonym: "tapetum" BROAD INCONSISTENT [FMA:77208] synonym: "tapetum corporis callosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tapetum_of_corpus_callosum] xref: FMA:77208 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Gray733.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Gray733.png/200px-Gray733.png xref: SCTID:279312006 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0000375 name: mandibular nerve def: "the motor and sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the auricle, the external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, temporal region, the cheek, the skin overlying the mandible, the anterior portion of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, lower teeth and gingiva and transmits motor information from the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and digastric muscle and the muscles tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini." [MP:0009800, Wikipedia:Mandibular_nerve] synonym: "inferior maxillary nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular division [V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular division [Vc]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular division of trigeminal nerve [Vc; V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular nerve [V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "mandibular nerve [Vc]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "n. mandibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mandibular_nerve] synonym: "nervus mandibularis" RELATED [BTO:0001375] synonym: "nervus mandibularis [v3]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52996, FMA:TA] synonym: "nervus mandibularis [Vc; V3]" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "nervus mandibularis [vc]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52996, FMA:TA] synonym: "ramus mandibularis (ramus V3)" EXACT [AAO:0010688] synonym: "third division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "third division of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52996] synonym: "trigeminal V nerve mandibular division" EXACT [MA:0001101] xref: AAO:0010688 xref: AAO:0010703 xref: BTO:0001375 xref: EHDAA2:0002086 xref: FMA:52996 xref: GAID:834 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray781.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray781.png/200px-Gray781.png xref: MA:0001101 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.760.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Maxillary_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvcQKSpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280212008 xref: VHOG:0001345 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000376 name: hindlimb stylopod def: "In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the lower limb. The single bone in the thigh is called the femur. This bone is very thick and strong (due to the high proportion of cortical bone), and forms a ball and socket joint at the hip, and a condylar joint at the knee. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thigh] comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group. TODO - add distinct term for skeleton and place AAO class here synonym: "femur" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thigh] synonym: "hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb stylopodium" EXACT [VHOG:0000349] synonym: "hind propodium" EXACT [AAO:0000887] synonym: "hindlimb propodium" EXACT [AAO:0000887] synonym: "hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb stylopodium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24967] synonym: "stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [] synonym: "thigh" EXACT [] synonym: "upper leg" EXACT [MA:0000052] xref: AAO:0000887 xref: BTO:0001376 xref: EFO:0001943 xref: EHDAA2:0002130 xref: EHDAA:5171 xref: EHDAA:6200 xref: EMAPA:17499 xref: FMA:24967 xref: GAID:50 xref: galen:Thigh xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Gray1238.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Gray1238.png/200px-Gray1238.png xref: MA:0000052 xref: MESH:A.01.378.610.750 xref: ncithesaurus:Thigh xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjN7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302544002 xref: VHOG:0000349 is_a: UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod is_a: UBERON:0008784 ! lower limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 {source="MA"} ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb property_value: external_definition "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the humerus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000199", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000349", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000377 name: maxillary nerve def: "the sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the palate, upper teeth and gingiva, the skin between the palpebral fissure and the mouth, and from the nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses." [MP:0009799, Wikipedia:Maxillary_nerve] synonym: "maxillary division [V2]" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "maxillary division [Vb]" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "maxillary division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (Vb; V2)" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "maxillary nerve [V2]" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "maxillary nerve [Vb]" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "n. maxillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_nerve] synonym: "nervus maxillaris" RELATED [BTO:0001378] synonym: "nervus maxillaris (Vb; V2)" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "nervus maxillaris [v2]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52724, FMA:TA] synonym: "nervus maxillaris [vb]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52724, FMA:TA] synonym: "ramus maxillaris (ramus V2)" EXACT [AAO:0010670] synonym: "second division of fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "second division of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52724] synonym: "trigeminal V nerve maxillary division" EXACT [MA:0001103] xref: AAO:0010670 xref: BTO:0001378 xref: EHDAA2:0002087 xref: FMA:52724 xref: GAID:836 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray779.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray779.png/200px-Gray779.png xref: MA:0001103 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.760.550 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWNU9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280211001 xref: VHOG:0001346 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of trunk maxillary-mandibularis (AAO:0010669)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010670", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Medial ramus (sensory) of the trigeminal nerve.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010670", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000378 name: tongue muscle def: "the muscular portion of the tongue." [MP:0004136, Wikipedia:Muscles_of_tongue] synonym: "muscle of tongue" EXACT [FMA:46689] synonym: "musculi linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Muscles_of_tongue] xref: BTO:0001386 xref: FMA:46689 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Gray1019.png xref: ncithesaurus:Tongue_Muscle xref: SCTID:244781004 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005594 {source="ISBN10:1607950324"} ! head somite relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0000379 name: tracheal mucosa synonym: "mucosa of organ of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Mucous membrane of trachea" EXACT [FMA:7471] synonym: "mucous membrane of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Tracheal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:7471] synonym: "Tunica mucosa (tracheae)" EXACT [FMA:7471] synonym: "tunica mucosa tracheae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7471, FMA:TA] synonym: "windpipe mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001390 xref: FMA:7471 xref: SCTID:660006 is_a: UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway [Term] id: UBERON:0000380 name: obsolete tuber comment: undefined in FMA. BTO and MIAA refers to plant structure only xref: BTO:0001400 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4raeDj5Cw8QdiT7e8pb2JzAA is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000381 name: detrusor def: "The outer largely longitudinally arranged musculature of the bladder wall[BTO]. The fibers of the detrusor muscle arise from the posterior surface of the body of the pubis in both sexes (musculi pubovesicales), and in the male from the adjacent part of the prostate and its capsule. These fibers pass, in a more or less longitudinal manner, up the inferior surface of the bladder, over its apex, and then descend along its fundus to become attached to the prostate in the male, and to the front of the vagina in the female. At the sides of the bladder the fibers are arranged obliquely and intersect one another[WP]." [BTO:0001453, Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle] synonym: "detrusor muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001453] synonym: "detrusor muscle of bladder" EXACT [EMAPA:28637] synonym: "detrusor urinae muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle] synonym: "muscularis propria" BROAD [] synonym: "muscularis propria of the urinary bladder" EXACT [Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle] synonym: "musculus detrusor vesicae urinariae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Detrusor_urinae_muscle] synonym: "urinary bladder detrusor muscle" EXACT [MA:0001698] synonym: "urinary bladder detrussor smooth muscle" RELATED [MA:0001698] xref: BTO:0001453 xref: EMAPA:28637 xref: FMA:68018 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Illu_bladder.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_bladder.jpg/200px-Illu_bladder.jpg xref: MA:0001698 xref: ncithesaurus:Muscularis_Propria xref: SCTID:86915006 is_a: UBERON:0004228 ! urinary bladder smooth muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000996 {gci_relation="part_of", source="dbpedia-modified", gci_filler="UBERON:0003100"} ! vagina relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002367 {source="dbpedia-modified"} ! prostate gland relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 {source="dbpedia", notes="posterior surface of the body of the pubis"} ! pubis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001256 ! wall of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0000382 name: apocrine sweat gland def: "Apocrine sweat glands are sweat glands composed of a coiled secretory portion located at the junction of the dermis and subcutaneous fat, from which a straight portion inserts and secretes into the infundibular portion of the hair follicle. In humans, apocrine sweat glands are found only in certain locations of the body: the axillae (armpits), the areola of the nipples, and the genitoanal region. The ducts of apocrine glands open into the canals of hair follicles. The stimulus for the secretion of apocrine sweat glands is adrenaline, which is a hormone carried in the blood[WP]." [Wikipedia:Apocrine_sweat_gland] comment: A note of confusion is the difference between apocrine secretion and apocrine sweat gland. Apocrine secretion refers to the apical loss of a cell's membrane to create cell blebs, thus creating a secretory product. Apocrine sweat gland refers to a structure, not a secretion process. Apocrine sweat glands actually use a merocrine type secretion, or that mediated by exocytosis of secretory granules. When "apocrine gland" is used without the word sweat, it is often referring to the gland which uses merocrine secretion, and not the secretion method. The important difference in apocrine sweat gland structure is its larger lumen, compared to the more narrow lumen of the eccrine sweat gland. subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0001458 xref: FMA:59155 xref: MESH:A.10.336.899.206 xref: ncithesaurus:Apocrine_Sweat_Gland xref: SCTID:399916008 is_a: UBERON:0001820 ! sweat gland is_a: UBERON:0008974 ! apocrine gland property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9822 {source="http://www.nal.usda.gov/awic/pubs/swine/swine.htm"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000383 name: musculature of body def: "Anatomical system that consists of all the muscles of the body[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0000033] comment: AO notes: we place the MA term musculature here, rather than under uberon:musculature, as this seems more appropriate given the structure of MA synonym: "muscle system" EXACT [] synonym: "muscle system of body" EXACT [] synonym: "muscular system" EXACT [FMA:72954] synonym: "musculature system" EXACT [BILA:0000088] synonym: "muskelsystem" RELATED [BTO:0001485] synonym: "set of all muscles" EXACT [FMA:72954] synonym: "set of muscles of body" EXACT [FMA:72954] synonym: "vertebrate muscular system" EXACT [BTO:0001369] xref: AAO:0000307 xref: BILA:0000088 xref: BTO:0001369 xref: BTO:0001485 xref: EFO:0000801 xref: FBbt:00005069 xref: FMA:72954 xref: MA:0002888 xref: MAT:0000025 xref: MIAA:0000025 xref: VSAO:0000033 xref: XAO:0004042 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that consists of the muscles of the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000033", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:curator"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6040 [Term] id: UBERON:0000385 name: obsolete labial gland comment: the label 'labial gland' refers to two distinct classes. From the BTO def: 1. One of the small tubular mucous and serous glands lying beneath the mucous membrane of the lips.n2. A salivary gland, or modification thereof, opening at the base of the labium in certain insects. synonym: "glandulae labiales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71613, FMA:TA] synonym: "Labial glands" EXACT [FMA:71613] synonym: "Labial glands set" EXACT [FMA:71613] xref: BTO:0001548 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000387 name: meniscus def: "crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure present in the knee, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and temporomandibular joints[2] that, in contrast to articular disks, only partly divides a joint cavity.[3] A small meniscus also occurs in the radio-carpal joint." [Wikipedia:Meniscus_(anatomy)] synonym: "articular disc" EXACT [FMA:76690] xref: BTO:0001592 xref: EV:0100145 xref: FMA:76690 xref: galen:Meniscus xref: ncithesaurus:Meniscus is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000388 name: epiglottis def: "a flap of elastic cartilage tissue covered with a mucous membrane, attached to the entrance of the larynx. It projects obliquely upwards behind the tongue and the hyoid bone, pointing dorsally." [Wikipedia:Epiglottis] comment: Editor note: refine definition to better distinguish cartilage from the whole structure synonym: "Pronounced" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epiglottis] xref: BTO:0001628 xref: EHDAA2:0004081 xref: EMAPA:18289 xref: FMA:55130 xref: GAID:111 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gray958.png xref: MESH:A.02.165.507.411 xref: ncithesaurus:Epiglottis xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjxE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245502004 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003115 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pharyngeal arch 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 [Term] id: UBERON:0000389 name: lens cortex synonym: "cortex of lens" EXACT [FMA:58970] xref: BTO:0001632 xref: FMA:58970 xref: MESH:A.09.371.509.225 xref: SCTID:280626006 is_a: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000390 name: lens nucleus def: "The core of the crystalline lens, surrounded by the cortex." [BTO:0001633] comment: editor note: needs checked; cf nucleus in GO synonym: "nucleus of lens" EXACT [FMA:58971] xref: BTO:0001633 xref: FMA:58971 xref: MESH:A.09.371.509.670 xref: SCTID:280628007 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000391 name: leptomeninx def: "pia mater or arachnoid mater." [Wikipedia:Leptomeninges] comment: AO notes: in FMA/NIF this is a superclass of PM/AM - in BTO it is the mereological sum. We go with superclass here, as we are naming the class in the singular. Editor notes: check relationship to secondary meninx subset: organ_slim synonym: "arachnoidea mater et pia mater" RELATED [BTO:0001634] synonym: "leptomeninges" EXACT PLURAL [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090207] synonym: "pia-arachnoid" RELATED [BTO:0001634] xref: BTO:0001634 xref: FMA:231515 xref: ncithesaurus:Leptomeninges xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090207 xref: SCTID:362303006 is_a: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007646 ! endomeninx [Term] id: UBERON:0000392 name: longissimus muscle def: "The longissimus is the muscle lateral to the semispinalis. It is the longest subdivision of the sacrospinalis that extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longissimus] synonym: "intermediate column of erector spinae" RELATED [] synonym: "longissimus" EXACT [FMA:77178] synonym: "musculus longissimus" EXACT [BTO:0001648] synonym: "musculus longissimus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Longissimus] xref: BTO:0001648 xref: FMA:77178 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Longissimus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Longissimus.png/200px-Longissimus.png xref: SCTID:244858006 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001077 {source="dbpedia"} ! transverse process of vertebra relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0006839 {source="dbpedia"} ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 {source="dbpedia"} ! transverse process of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002462 {source="BTO"} ! erector spinae muscle group [Term] id: UBERON:0000395 name: cochlear ganglion def: "group of nerve cells that serve the sense of hearing by sending a representation of sound from the cochlea to the brain. The cell bodies of the spiral ganglion neurons are found in the spiral structure of the cochlea[WP]. the group of nerve cell bodies that conveys auditory sensation from the organ of Corti to the hindbrain and resides on the cochlear part of the vestibulocochlear nerve (eighth cranial nerve)[MP]." [MP:0002855, Wikipedia:Spiral_ganglion] comment: Editor notes: in BTO this is part of the cochlear modiolus, but this leads to the CG being in both the nervous and skeletal systems synonym: "Corti's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53445] synonym: "ganglion cochlearis" RELATED [BTO:0001688] synonym: "ganglion of Corti" EXACT [FMA:53445] synonym: "ganglion spirale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spiral_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion spirale cochleae" RELATED [BTO:0001688] synonym: "spiral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53445] synonym: "spiral ganglion of cochlea" RELATED [BTO:0001688] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion cochlear component" EXACT [MA:0001085] xref: BTO:0001688 xref: EHDAA2:0002198 xref: FMA:53445 xref: GAID:722 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray903.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gray903.png/200px-Gray903.png xref: MA:0001085 xref: MESH:A.08.340.390.800 xref: SCTID:368955007 xref: VHOG:0001183 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="FMA"} ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002827 {source="MA"} ! auditory ganglion relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0006723 {source="BTO-modified"} ! cochlear modiolus [Term] id: UBERON:0000396 name: vallate papilla alt_id: UBERON:0002927 def: "Any one of the largest papilla of the tongue, 8 to 12 in number, arranged in the form of a V anterior to the sulcus terminalis of the tongue" [BTO:0001705, Wikipedia:Vallate_papilla] synonym: "circumvallate papilla" EXACT [MA:0001594] synonym: "circumvallate papilla of tongue" EXACT [] synonym: "circumvallate papilla of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54822] synonym: "papilla vallatae" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:71449, FMA:TA] synonym: "Vallate papilla of tongue" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001705 xref: EMAPA:18271 xref: EMAPA:18654 xref: EMAPA:18871 xref: FMA:54822 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray1015.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Gray1015.png/200px-Gray1015.png xref: MA:0001594 xref: ncithesaurus:Circumvallate_Papilla xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4106_2 xref: SCTID:69517000 is_a: UBERON:0001726 ! papilla of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0000397 name: colonic epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "colon epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Colon epithelium" EXACT [FMA:17302] synonym: "colon epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large bowel epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large bowel epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior intestine epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005128] xref: BTO:0001709 xref: FMA:17302 xref: SCTID:42978003 xref: TAO:0005128 xref: ZFA:0005128 is_a: UBERON:0001278 ! epithelium of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon property_value: external_definition "Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the posterior intestine.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005128", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000398 name: cartilage tissue of sternum def: "Any portion of cartilage tissue that is part of the sternum" [UBERON:cjm] comment: Examples: cartilage of manubrium, cartilage of xiphoid process synonym: "cartilage of sternum" EXACT [FMA:32567] xref: FMA:32567 is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003837 ! thoracic segment connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0000399 name: jejunal mucosa alt_id: UBERON:0003349 def: "A mucosa that is part of a jejunum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "jejunal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:14949] synonym: "jejunum mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14949] synonym: "jejunum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "jejunum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "jejunum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of jejunum" EXACT [FMA:14949] synonym: "mucosa of organ of jejunum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of jejunum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of jejunum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001742 xref: EMAPA:27109 xref: EMAPA:27347 xref: FMA:14949 xref: SCTID:362151009 is_a: UBERON:0001204 ! mucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum [Term] id: UBERON:0000400 name: jejunal epithelium xref: BTO:0001743 xref: FMA:17232 xref: SCTID:57300004 is_a: UBERON:0001902 {source="BTO"} ! epithelium of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum relationship: part_of UBERON:0008343 {source="FMA"} ! intestinal villus of jejunum [Term] id: UBERON:0000401 name: mandibular ramus def: "The ramus of the mandible (perpendicular portion) is quadrilateral in shape, and has two surfaces, four borders, and two processes[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible] synonym: "lower ramus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible] synonym: "mandible ramus" EXACT [MA:0002815] synonym: "rami mandibulae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible] synonym: "ramus mandibulae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible] synonym: "ramus mandibulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ramus_of_the_mandible] synonym: "ramus of mandible" EXACT [FMA:52828] xref: BTO:0001751 xref: EMAPA:25100 xref: FMA:52828 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray176.png xref: MA:0002815 xref: SCTID:361739000 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0000402 name: nasal vestibule def: "The nasal vestibule is the most anterior part of the nasal cavity. It's enclosed by the cartilages of nose and lined by the same epithelium of the skin. The other part of the nasal cavity, which is lined by the respiratory epithelium, is called nasal cavity proper. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_vestibule] synonym: "vestibular part of nasal cavity" EXACT [FMA:59644] synonym: "vestibulum nasale" RELATED [BTO:0001761] synonym: "vestibulum nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasal_vestibule] synonym: "vestibulum nasi" RELATED [BTO:0001761] xref: BTO:0001761 xref: FMA:59644 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Gray994.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gray994.png/200px-Gray994.png xref: SCTID:278940000 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0000403 name: scalp def: "The scalp is the anatomical area bordered by the face anteriorly and the neck to the sides and posteriorly. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scalp] synonym: "scalpus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Scalp] xref: BTO:0001809 xref: FMA:46494 xref: GAID:80 xref: galen:Scalp xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Layers_of_the_scalp_and_meninges.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Double_cowlick.jpg/200px-Double_cowlick.jpg xref: MESH:A.01.456.810 xref: ncithesaurus:Scalp xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNtaz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181480002 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0000407 name: sympathetic trunk def: "One of a a paired bundle of nerve fibers that run from the base of the skull to the coccyx." [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk] synonym: "gangliated cord" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk] synonym: "sympathetic chain" EXACT [FMA:6258] synonym: "sympathetic ganglionic chain" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk] synonym: "truncus sympathicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_trunk] xref: AAO:0010791 xref: BTO:0001834 xref: EV:0100374 xref: FMA:6258 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray847.png xref: SCTID:181099004 xref: XAO:0000211 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000408 name: vertebral ganglion synonym: "Intermediate ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6572] xref: BTO:0001835 xref: FMA:6572 xref: SCTID:176596009 is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0000409 name: serous gland def: "glands that secrete watery albuminous material that often contains enzymes." [MP:0008052] subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0001837 xref: FMA:62889 is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland [Term] id: UBERON:0000410 name: bronchial mucosa def: "A mucosa that is part of a bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Mucous membrane of bronchus" EXACT [FMA:62652] synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa bronchi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62652, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0001846 xref: FMA:62652 xref: SCTID:30802009 is_a: UBERON:0000379 ! tracheal mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0000411 name: visual cortex def: "Area of the occipital lobe concerned with vision." [MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.571.735] comment: Editor note: merge with primary visual cortex? FMA and BTO treat as distinct synonym: "striate cortex" RELATED [MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.571.735] synonym: "V1" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] xref: BTO:0001857 xref: EFO:0000916 xref: EV:0100171 xref: FMA:242644 xref: GAID:679 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Brodmann_areas_17_18_19.png/200px-Brodmann_areas_17_18_19.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.571.735 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 {source="BTO"} ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0000412 name: dermal papilla def: "small, nipple-like extensions (or interdigitations) of the dermis into the epidermis. They can be observed at the surface of the skin in hands and feet as epidermal or papillary ridges (colloquially known as fingerprints). The dermal papillae nourishes all hair follicles and bring food and oxygen to the lower layers of epidermal cells. The pattern of ridges they produce in hands and feet are inherited features that are developed before birth. They remain unaltered (except size) throughout life, and are therefore used for fingerprints. The dermal papillae are part of the uppermost layer of the dermis, the papillary dermis, and the ridges they form greatly increase the surface area between the dermis and epidermis. Because the dermis' main function is to support the epidermis, this greatly increases the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between these two layers. Additionally, the increase in surface area prevent the dermal and epidermal layers from separating from each others by strengthening the junction between them. With age, the papillae tend to flatten and sometimes increase in numbers. Dermal papillae also play a pivotal role in hair formation, growth and, cycling" [Wikipedia:Dermal_papillae] comment: Consider adding grouping class for TAO:0001995 synonym: "dermal papilla cell" RELATED [BTO:0001858] synonym: "dermal papillae" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "DPC" RELATED [BTO:0001858] synonym: "follicular papilla" EXACT [FMA:70737] synonym: "hair follicle dermal papilla" RELATED [MP:0010687] synonym: "papilla corii" RELATED [BTO:0001858] synonym: "papilla dermatis" RELATED [BTO:0001858] synonym: "papilla dermis" RELATED [BTO:0001858] synonym: "papilla of corium" RELATED [BTO:0001858] synonym: "papillae dermis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dermal_papillae] synonym: "skin papilla" RELATED [BTO:0001858] xref: BTO:0001858 xref: FMA:70737 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Skin.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Skin.jpg/200px-Skin.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Dermal_Papilla xref: SCTID:320101005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001992 ! papillary layer of dermis [Term] id: UBERON:0000414 name: mucous gland def: "Mucous glands, found in several different parts of the body, typically stain lighter than serous glands during standard histological preparation. Most are multicellular, but goblet cell are single-celled glands. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Mucous_gland] subset: organ_slim synonym: "glandula mucosa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mucous_gland] synonym: "glandula mucosa" RELATED [BTO:0001979] synonym: "muciparous gland" RELATED [BTO:0001979] xref: AAO:0010601 xref: BTO:0001979 xref: FMA:62888 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray1021.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray1021.png/200px-Gray1021.png is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland relationship: secretes UBERON:0000912 ! mucus [Term] id: UBERON:0000415 name: artery wall def: "An anatomical wall that is part of an artery [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Arterial wall" EXACT [FMA:14155] synonym: "wall of artery" EXACT [FMA:14155] xref: BTO:0002009 xref: FMA:14155 xref: galen:ArterialWall is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0000416 name: subdural space def: "A narrow fluid-containing space, often only a potential space, between the dura mater and the arachnoid." [BTO:0002082, PMID:8421539, Wikipedia:Subdural_space] comment: Consider obsoleting - see PMID:8421539 synonym: "cavum subdurale" RELATED [BTO:0002082] synonym: "spatium subdurale" RELATED [BTO:0002082] synonym: "spatium subdurale, cavum subdurale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subdural_space] synonym: "subdural cavity" RELATED [BTO:0002082] synonym: "subdural cleavage" RELATED [BTO:0002082] synonym: "subdural cleft" RELATED [BTO:0002082] xref: BTO:0002082 xref: FMA:83803 xref: GAID:692 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray769-en.svg xref: MESH:A.08.186.566.395.687 xref: SCTID:362308002 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater [Term] id: UBERON:0000418 name: obsolete tubercle is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000420 name: myoepithelium def: "An epithelium consisting of myopethelial cells, which are contractile cells resembling smooth muscle cells that are present in glands, notably the mammary gland, and aid in secretion. This cell has long weaving dendritic processes containing myofilament[CL]." [CL:0000185, Wikipedia:Myoepithelial_cell] synonym: "myo-epithelium" EXACT [FMA:67805] synonym: "myoepitheliocytus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Myoepithelial_cell] xref: BTO:0002308 xref: FMA:67805 is_a: UBERON:0000488 ! atypical epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0000423 name: eccrine sweat gland subset: organ_slim synonym: "eccrine gland" EXACT [FMA:59154] xref: BTO:0002323 xref: FMA:59154 xref: GAID:945 xref: MESH:A.10.336.899.480 xref: ncithesaurus:Eccrine_Sweat_Gland xref: SCTID:361699008 is_a: UBERON:0001820 ! sweat gland [Term] id: UBERON:0000424 name: gastric pit alt_id: UBERON:0000425 def: "Gastric pits are indentations in the stomach which denote entrances to the gastric glands. They are deeper in the pylorus than they are in the other parts of the stomach. The human stomach has several million of these pits." [Wikipedia:Gastric_pits] synonym: "foveola gastrica" RELATED [BTO:0002364] synonym: "foveolae gastricae" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:76583, FMA:TA] synonym: "foveolae gastricae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gastric_pits] synonym: "gastric foveola" EXACT [FMA:62947] xref: BTO:0002364 xref: FMA:62947 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Illu_stomach_layers.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Pit xref: SCTID:268426007 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001199 {source="BTO"} ! mucosa of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0000426 name: extravillous trophoblast synonym: "intermediate trophoblast" EXACT [FMA:86561] synonym: "interstitial trophoblast" RELATED [BTO:0002366] xref: BTO:0002366 xref: FMA:86561 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000427 name: obsolete cytotrophoblastic cell is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000428 name: prostate epithelium alt_id: UBERON:0002452 def: "the prostate epithelium." [MP:0001168] comment: TODO - check 2 FMA IDs synonym: "epithelial tissue of prostate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of prostate gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of prostate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of prostate gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of prostatic gland" EXACT [FMA:79643] synonym: "prostate epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostate gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostate gland epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "prostatic epithelium" EXACT [FMA:66812] synonym: "prostatic gland epithelium" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002397 xref: FMA:66812 xref: FMA:79643 xref: MA:0001737 xref: ncithesaurus:Prostatic_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0000429 name: enteric plexus def: "A plexus of autonomic nerve fibers within the wall of the digestive tube, and made up of the submucosal, myenteric, and subserosal plexuses; it contains visceral afferent fibers, sympathetic postganglionic fibers, parasympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic fibers, and parasympathetic postganglionic cell bodies." [BTO:0002437] comment: TODO - add subserosal plexus? synonym: "enteric nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:77597] synonym: "plexus entericus" EXACT [BTO:0002437] synonym: "plexus nervosus entericus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77597, FMA:TA] synonym: "sympathetic enteric nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:77597] xref: BTO:0002437 xref: FMA:77597 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0000430 name: ventral intermediate nucleus of thalamus def: "A nucleus medially located within the ventral nuclei of the thalamus." [BTO:0002469] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intermediate thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000370] synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002469] xref: BTO:0002469 xref: EV:0100208 xref: FMA:84347 xref: TAO:0000370 xref: ZFA:0000370 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 {source="BTO-definition", source="ZFA"} ! subthalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0000431 name: ventral medial complex of thalamus synonym: "nuclei ventrales mediales thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002470] synonym: "set of ventral medial nuclei of thalamus" RELATED [FMA:77795] synonym: "ventral medial complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:77795] synonym: "ventral medial nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:77795] xref: BTO:0002470 xref: FMA:77795 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0000432 name: endopeduncular nucleus def: "A portion of the nucleus of ansa lenticularis located medial to the posterior limb of the internal capsule, along the course of the ansa lenticularis and the inferior thalamic peduncle or as a separate nucleus within the internal capsule adjacent to the medial GLOBUS PALLIDUS (NeuroNames, http://rprcsgi.rprc. washington.edu/neuronames/ (September 28, 1998)). In non-primates, the entopeduncular nucleus is analogous to both the medial globus pallidus and the entopeduncular nucleus of human." [MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.800.240] comment: The term entopeduncular nucleus in human neuroanatomy refers to a portion of the nucleus of the ansa lenticularis described variously as located medial to the posterior limb of the internal capsule ( Riley-1943 ), along the course of the ansa lenticularis and the inferior thalamic peduncle ( Crosby-1962 ), or as a separate nucleus within the internal capsule adjacent to the medial segment of the globus pallidus ( Nomina-1983 ).[NN] synonym: "entopeduncular nucleus" RELATED [] synonym: "nucleus endopeduncularis" RELATED [BTO:0002475] synonym: "nucleus entopeduncularis" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0002475 xref: FMA:77691 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.800.240 xref: SCTID:82705008 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0009641 {source="NN"} ! ansa lenticularis [Term] id: UBERON:0000433 name: posterior paraventricular nucleus of thalamus synonym: "dorsal paraventricular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:76961] synonym: "nucleus paraventricularis posterior thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002477] xref: BTO:0002477 xref: FMA:76961 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0000434 name: anterior paraventricular nucleus of thalamus synonym: "nucleus paraventricularis anterior thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002478] synonym: "ventral paraventricular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:76962] xref: BTO:0002478 xref: FMA:76962 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0000435 name: lateral tuberal nucleus def: "Nerve cell nuclei situated ventrally in the intermediate hypothalamic region, mainly in the lateral hypothalamic area." [BTO:0002481] synonym: "Lateral tuberal hypothalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62336] synonym: "lateral tuberal nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1206] synonym: "Lateral tuberal nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62336] synonym: "nuclei tuberales laterales" RELATED [BTO:0002481] xref: ABA:TU xref: BM:TU xref: BTO:0002481 xref: EV:0100240 xref: FMA:62336 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1206 is_a: UBERON:0002785 ! regional part of lateral hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area [Term] id: UBERON:0000437 name: arachnoid barrier layer def: "The arachnoid barrier layer is a part of the arachnoid meningeal layer. It is formed by tight junctions between the endothelial cells of cerebral capillaries in the arachnoid mater." [BTO:0002498] xref: BTO:0002498 xref: FMA:231559 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 {source="FMA"} ! organ component layer is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002362 {source="FMA"} ! arachnoid mater [Term] id: UBERON:0000438 name: obsolete set of arachnoid trabecula synonym: "Arachnoid trabeculae set" EXACT [FMA:77761] synonym: "trabeculae arachnoideae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77761, FMA:TA] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000439 name: arachnoid trabecula def: "a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, generally having a mechanical function, and usually but not necessarily composed of dense collagenous tissue." [GO:0060343] synonym: "trabecula arachnoideum" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0002500 xref: FMA:83979 is_a: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater [Term] id: UBERON:0000440 name: trabecula def: "A small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, generally having a mechanical function, and usually but not necessarily composed of dense collagenous tissue. On histological section, a trabecula can look like a septum, but in three dimensions they are topologically distinct, with trabeculae being roughly rod or pillar-shaped and septa being sheet-like.. Trabeculae are usually composed of dense fibrous tissue, i.e. mainly of collagen, and in most cases provide mechanical strengthening or stiffening to a soft solid organ, such as the spleen. They can be composed of other materials, such as bone or muscle[WP]." [GO:0060343, Wikipedia:Trabecula] subset: grouping_class xref: BTO:0002501 xref: FMA:85273 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0000442 name: right testicular vein def: "A vein that drains the left pampiniform plexus and empties into the left renal vein." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] synonym: "right spermatic vein" EXACT [MA:0002220] synonym: "vena testicularis (adrenalis) dextra" EXACT [FMA:14341] synonym: "vena testicularis dextra" RELATED [BTO:0002679] synonym: "vena testicularis sinistra" RELATED [BTO:0002680] xref: BTO:0002679 xref: FMA:14341 xref: MA:0002220 xref: SCTID:53500001 is_a: UBERON:0001144 ! testicular vein [Term] id: UBERON:0000443 name: left testicular vein def: "A vein that drains the right pampiniform plexus and empties into the inferior vena cava." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] synonym: "left spermatic vein" EXACT [MA:0002219] synonym: "vena testicularis dextra" RELATED [BTO:0002679] synonym: "vena testicularis sinistra" RELATED [BTO:0002680] xref: BTO:0002680 xref: FMA:14345 xref: MA:0002219 xref: SCTID:90988008 is_a: UBERON:0001144 ! testicular vein relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0001144 ! testicular vein intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0000444 name: lymphoid follicle def: "." [https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/6, https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/7] comment: introducing part_of to 'cortex of lymph node' as in issue 7 introduces equivalencies; the part_of has instead been added to 'lymph node follicle' synonym: "folliculus lymphaticus" RELATED [BTO:0002684] synonym: "lymphatic follicle" RELATED [BTO:0002684] synonym: "lymphatic nodule" RELATED [BTO:0002684] synonym: "lymphoid nodule" EXACT [FMA:55222] synonym: "nodular lymphoid tissue" EXACT [FMA:55222] synonym: "nodulus lymphaticus" RELATED [BTO:0002684] synonym: "nodulus lymphoideus" RELATED [BTO:0002684] xref: BTO:0002684 xref: FMA:55222 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphoid_Follicle xref: SCTID:64626006 is_a: UBERON:0001744 {source="FMA"} ! lymphoid tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0000445 name: habenular trigone def: "The habenular trigone is a small depressed triangular area situated in front of the superior colliculus and on the lateral aspect of the posterior part of the taenia thalami. It contains a group of nerve cells termed the ganglion habenulC&. Fibers enter it from the stalk of the pineal body, and others, forming what is termed the habenular commissure, pass across the middle line to the corresponding ganglion of the opposite side. Most of its fibers are, however, directed downward and form a bundle, the fasciculus retroflexus of Meynert, which passes medial to the red nucleus, and, after decussating with the corresponding fasciculus of the opposite side, ends in the interpeduncular ganglion." [Wikipedia:Habenular_trigone] comment: superclass in BTO is thalamic nucleus, not present in most ontologies synonym: "trigone of habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0002700] synonym: "trigonum habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0002700] synonym: "trigonum habenulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Habenular_trigone] xref: BTO:0002700 xref: FMA:74868 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula [Term] id: UBERON:0000446 name: septum of telencephalon def: "Subdivision of the telencephalon on the midline between the lateral ventricles which contains the septum pellucidum and the septal nuclei[FMA]." [FMA:61842] synonym: "area septalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61842, FMA:TA] synonym: "septal area" EXACT [FMA:61842] synonym: "septum" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_963] synonym: "septum (NN)" EXACT [FMA:61842] synonym: "telencephalon septum" EXACT [FMA:61842] xref: BTO:0002705 xref: FMA:61842 xref: MA:0000924 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.750 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_963 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0000449 name: decidual cell def: "Before the fertilized ovum reaches the uterus, the mucous membrane of the body of the uterus undergoes important changes and is then known as the decidua. The thickness and vascularity of the mucous membrane are greatly increased; its glands are elongated and open on its free surface by funnel-shaped orifices, while their deeper portions are tortuous and dilated into irregular spaces. The interglandular tissue is also increased in quantity, and is crowded with large round, oval, or polygonal cells, termed decidual cells. Their enlargement is due to glycogen and lipid accumulation in the cytoplasm allowing these cells to provide a rich source of nutrition for the developing embryo. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Decidual_cells] comment: request from CL xref: BTO:0002770 xref: FMA:86480 xref: ncithesaurus:Decidual_Cell is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000450 name: corpus albicans def: "White fibrous tissue that replaces the regressing corpus luteum in the human ovary in the latter half of pregnancy, or soon after ovulation when pregnancy does not supervene." [BTO:0002784] synonym: "corpus albicans of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18620] synonym: "corpus fibrosum" RELATED [BTO:0002784] synonym: "corpus mamillare" RELATED [BTO:0002784] synonym: "mamillary body" RELATED INCONSISTENT [BTO:0002784] synonym: "mammillary body" RELATED INCONSISTENT [BTO:0002784] xref: BTO:0002784 xref: EMAPA:29888 xref: FMA:18620 xref: SCTID:258043001 is_a: UBERON:0003982 {source="BTO"} ! mature ovarian follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0000451 name: prefrontal cortex def: "The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain, lying in front of the motor and premotor areas. This brain region has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behaviors, personality expression, decision making and moderating correct social behavior. The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with internal goals. The most typical psychological term for functions carried out by the pre-frontal cortex area is executive function. Executive function relates to abilities to differentiate among conflicting thoughts, determine good and bad, better and best, same and different, future consequences of current activities, working toward a defined goal, prediction of outcomes, expectation based on actions, and social 'control' (the ability to suppress urges that, if not suppressed, could lead to socially-unacceptable outcomes). Many authors have indicated an integral link between a person's personality and the functions of the prefrontal cortex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Prefrontal_cortex] comment: TODO - check MA synonym: "frontal association cortex" RELATED ATTRIBUTION_REQUIRED [MA:0000906] synonym: "prefrontal association complex" RELATED [BTO:0002807] synonym: "prefrontal association cortex" EXACT [FMA:224850] xref: BTO:0002807 xref: EFO:0001384 xref: FMA:224850 xref: GAID:676 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Gray726-Brodman-prefrontal.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Gray726-Brodman-prefrontal.svg/200px-Gray726-Brodman-prefrontal.svg.png xref: MA:0000906 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.270.700 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090801 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0000453 name: decidua basalis def: "Region between the blastocyst and the myometrium." [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/06placenta.htm] comment: development notes: As the embryo enlarges, the decidua capsularis becomes stretched and smooth. Eventually the decidua capsularis merges with the decidua parietalis, obliterating the uterine cavity synonym: "decidua serotina" RELATED [BTO:0002819] xref: BTO:0002819 xref: EFO:0001918 xref: FMA:86477 xref: MA:0002905 xref: ncithesaurus:Decidua_Basalis xref: SCTID:362841006 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002450 ! decidua [Term] id: UBERON:0000454 name: cerebral subcortex synonym: "Cerebral medulla" EXACT [FMA:242188] synonym: "subcortex" RELATED [BTO:0002858] xref: BTO:0002858 xref: FMA:242188 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Subcortex is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0000456 name: bodily secretion alt_id: UBERON:0006540 def: "Body substance in a liquid or semisolid state produced by an exocrine gland. Example: saliva, sebum, blood, plasma, semen, urine." [FMA:9675] comment: AO notes: BTO has two distunct classes, with exocrine glandular secretion a subtype of secretion - however, all examples in BTO directly under secretion appear to be exocrine gland secretions synonym: "exocrine gland fluid" RELATED [] synonym: "exocrine gland fluid or secretion" RELATED [] synonym: "exocrine gland fluid/secretion" EXACT [MA:0002504] synonym: "exocrine gland secretion" RELATED [] synonym: "external secretion" RELATED [BTO:0002977] synonym: "secreted substance" EXACT [] synonym: "secretion" EXACT [FMA:9675] xref: BTO:0002977 xref: BTO:0002979 xref: FMA:9675 xref: galen:Secretion xref: MA:0002504 xref: MESH:A.12.200 xref: ncithesaurus:Exocrine_Gland_Fluid_or_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002365 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland [Term] id: UBERON:0000457 name: cavernous artery synonym: "Cavernous branch of cavernous part of internal carotid artery" EXACT [FMA:70527] synonym: "ramus sinus cavernosi (pars cavernosa) (arteria carotis interna)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70527, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0002996 xref: FMA:70527 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0000458 name: endocervix xref: BTO:0003002 xref: FMA:86485 xref: ncithesaurus:Endocervix xref: SCTID:264460007 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment [Term] id: UBERON:0000459 name: uterine wall def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a uterus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of uterus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterus wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of uterus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0003083 xref: FMA:17560 xref: SCTID:245485002 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0000460 name: major vestibular gland def: "Gland found in pairs located slightly below and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina in women. Bartholin's glands are homologous to bulbourethral glands in males. However, while Bartholin's glands are located in the superficial perineal pouch, bulbourethral glands are located in the deep perineal pouch. They secrete mucus to provide vaginal lubrication." [Wikipedia:Bartholin's_glands] subset: organ_slim synonym: "Bartholin's gland" EXACT [FMA:9598] synonym: "Duverney's gland" RELATED [FMA:9598] synonym: "glandula vestibularis major" RELATED [BTO:0003115] synonym: "greater vestibular gland" RELATED [MA:0002936] synonym: "greater vestibular glands of bartholin" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bartholin%27s_gland] synonym: "Tiedemann's gland" EXACT [FMA:9598] synonym: "vulvovaginal gland" EXACT [FMA:9598] xref: BTO:0003115 xref: FMA:9598 xref: GAID:384 xref: MA:0002936 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.887.220 xref: SCTID:362244005 is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0003297 ! gland of integumental system is_a: UBERON:0011826 ! vestibular gland disjoint_from: UBERON:0010048 ! Duvernoy's gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 {source="FMA"} ! integumental system relationship: secretes UBERON:0000912 ! mucus property_value: sexually_homologous_to UBERON:0002366 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000461 name: minor vestibular gland def: "Small mucous glands opening upon the vestibular mucous membrane between the urethral and the vaginal orifice." [BTO:0003116] comment: Editors note: compare with Skene's gland. Structure notes: check and part_of relationships to mammalian vulva / urethra subset: organ_slim synonym: "female urethral gland" BROAD [EMAPA:29653] synonym: "glandula vestibular minor" EXACT [FMA:20019] synonym: "glandula vestibulares minor" RELATED [BTO:0003116] synonym: "Guerin's gland" RELATED [BTO:0003116] synonym: "lesser vestibular gland" EXACT [FMA:20019] synonym: "paraurethral gland" RELATED [BTO:0003116] synonym: "periurethral gland" RELATED [BTO:0003116] synonym: "Schueller's gland" RELATED [BTO:0003116] synonym: "skene's gland" RELATED [BTO:0003116] synonym: "urethral gland of female urethra" RELATED [BTO:0003116] xref: BTO:0003116 xref: FMA:20019 xref: ncithesaurus:Skene_s_Gland xref: SCTID:279869001 is_a: UBERON:0010145 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! paraurethral gland is_a: UBERON:0010187 ! female urethral gland is_a: UBERON:0011826 ! vestibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 {source="FMA"} ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0000462 name: obsolete villus is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000463 name: portion of organism substance def: "Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body." [CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level synonym: "body fluid or substance" EXACT [MA:0002450] synonym: "body substance" EXACT [FMA:9669] synonym: "organism substance" EXACT [] synonym: "portion of body substance" EXACT [FMA:9669] xref: AAO:0010839 xref: AEO:0000004 xref: BILA:0000004 xref: CARO:0000004 xref: EHDAA2:0003004 xref: FBbt:00007019 xref: FMA:9669 xref: galen:BodySubstance xref: HAO:0000004 xref: MA:0002450 xref: ncithesaurus:Body_Fluid_or_Substance xref: SPD:0000008 xref: TAO:0001487 xref: TGMA:0001824 xref: VHOG:0001726 xref: XAO:0004001 xref: ZFA:0001487 is_a: UBERON:0000465 ! material anatomical entity relationship: part_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0000464 name: anatomical space def: "Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures." [CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010110 xref: AEO:0000005 xref: BILA:0000005 xref: CARO:0000005 xref: EHDAA2:0003005 xref: FBbt:00007017 xref: FMA:5897 xref: HAO:0000005 xref: TAO:0001668 xref: TGMA:0001825 xref: VHOG:0001728 xref: XAO:0003190 xref: ZFA:0001643 is_a: UBERON:0000466 ! immaterial anatomical entity disjoint_from: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000465 name: material anatomical entity def: "Anatomical entity that has mass." [CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010264 xref: AEO:0000006 xref: BILA:0000006 xref: CARO:0000006 xref: EHDAA2:0003006 xref: FBbt:00007016 xref: FMA:67165 xref: HAO:0000006 xref: TAO:0001836 xref: TGMA:0001826 xref: VHOG:0001721 is_a: UBERON:0001062 ! anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0000466 name: immaterial anatomical entity def: "Anatomical entity that has no mass." [CARO:MAH] subset: disjointness_axiom_removed subset: upper_level synonym: "immaterial physical anatomical entity" EXACT [FMA:67112] xref: AAO:0010265 xref: AEO:0000007 xref: BILA:0000007 xref: CARO:0000007 xref: EHDAA2:0003007 xref: FBbt:00007015 xref: FMA:67112 xref: HAO:0000007 xref: TAO:0001835 xref: TGMA:0001827 xref: VHOG:0001727 is_a: UBERON:0001062 ! anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0000467 name: anatomical system def: "Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity[CARO]. A group of organs that work together to perform a certain task [Wikipedia]." [CARO:0000011, CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Organ_system] subset: uberon_slim subset: upper_level synonym: "body system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_14] synonym: "organ system" EXACT [] synonym: "system" BROAD [GO:0048731] xref: AAO:0000007 xref: AEO:0000011 xref: BILA:0000011 xref: CARO:0000011 xref: EHDAA2:0001330 xref: EHDAA2:0003011 xref: EHDAA:392 xref: EMAPA:16103 xref: EV:0100000 xref: FBbt:00004856 xref: FMA:7149 xref: galen:AnatomicalSystem xref: HAO:0000011 xref: MA:0000003 xref: ncithesaurus:Organ_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_14 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rCWM0QCtDEdyAAADggVbxzQ xref: SCTID:278195005 xref: TAO:0001439 xref: TGMA:0001831 xref: VHOG:0001725 xref: WBbt:0005746 xref: XAO:0003002 xref: ZFA:0001439 is_a: UBERON:0000480 ! anatomical group relationship: part_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism property_value: external_definition "Anatomical group that has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001439", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000007", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity.[CARO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="CARO:0000011", ontology="CARO", source="CARO:MAH", source="FMA:7149"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000468 name: multi-cellular organism def: "Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell." [CARO:0000012, CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Multi-cellular_organism] comment: TODO - split body and mc organism? body continues after death stage subset: uberon_slim subset: upper_level synonym: "adult mouse" EXACT [MA:0002405] synonym: "body" EXACT [] synonym: "Koerper" RELATED [BTO:0001489] synonym: "organism" EXACT [] synonym: "postnatal mouse" EXACT [MA:0002405] synonym: "TS28" RELATED [MA:0002405] synonym: "ts28 mouse" RELATED [MA:0002405] synonym: "whole body" EXACT [BTO:0001489] synonym: "whole organism" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010026 xref: AEO:0000103 xref: AEO:0000191 xref: BILA:0000012 xref: BTO:0001489 xref: CARO:0000012 xref: EFO:0002906 xref: EHDAA2:0003103 xref: EHDAA2:0003191 xref: EHDAA:1 xref: EHDAA:9178 xref: EMAPA:25765 xref: EV:0100016 xref: FBbt:00000001 xref: FMA:256135 xref: galen:Organism xref: HAO:0000012 xref: MA:0002405 xref: ncithesaurus:Whole_Organism xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_18 xref: SCTID:243928005 xref: TADS:0000001 xref: TAO:0001094 xref: TGMA:0001832 xref: VHOG:0000671 xref: WBbt:0007833 xref: XAO:0003004 xref: ZFA:0001094 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001094", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000470 name: cell part def: "Anatomical structure that is a direct part of the cell." [CARO:MAH] comment: todo - move metadata to GO and obsolete this class. Note the inconsistency between the usage of the label 'cell component' in GO and CARO subset: upper_level synonym: "cell component" RELATED [CARO:0000014] xref: AAO:0010271 xref: BILA:0000014 xref: CARO:0000014 xref: FBbt:00007012 xref: FMA:86454 xref: GO:0044464 xref: HAO:0000014 xref: ncithesaurus:Cell_Part xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao-1337158144 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQwkcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TGMA:0001834 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000471 name: compound organ component def: "Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ." [CARO:0000019, CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010017 xref: AEO:0000019 xref: BILA:0000019 xref: CARO:0000019 xref: EHDAA2:0003019 xref: HAO:0000019 xref: TAO:0001489 xref: TGMA:0001835 xref: XAO:0003039 xref: ZFA:0001489 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000472 name: simple organ def: "Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ." [CARO:0000021, CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010051 xref: AEO:0000190 xref: BILA:0000021 xref: CARO:0000021 xref: EHDAA2:0003190 xref: HAO:0000021 xref: TAO:0001492 xref: TGMA:0001836 xref: XAO:0003038 xref: ZFA:0001492 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000473 name: testis alt_id: UBERON:0002117 def: "gonad of a male animal, produces and releases sperm." [Wikipedia:Testis] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "genitalia of male organism gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "genitalia of male organism gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of genitalia of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of male genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of male genitals" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of male organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of male organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of male reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of reproductive system of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of genitalia of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of male genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of male genitals" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of male organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of male organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of male reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of reproductive system of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male genitalia gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male genitalia gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male genitals gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male organism genitalia gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male organism genitalia gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male organism reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male organism reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "orchis" RELATED [BTO:0001363] synonym: "reproductive system of male organism gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reproductive system of male organism gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "testes" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "testicle" EXACT [FMA:7210] synonym: "testiculus" RELATED [BTO:0001363] xref: AAO:0000606 xref: BILA:0000124 xref: BTO:0001363 xref: EFO:0000984 xref: EHDAA2:0002007 xref: EHDAA:8146 xref: EMAPA:17972 xref: EV:0100102 xref: FBbt:00004928 xref: FMA:7210 xref: GAID:396 xref: galen:Testis xref: HAO:0001007 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Gray1144.png/200px-Gray1144.png xref: MA:0000411 xref: MAT:0000132 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.849 xref: MIAA:0000132 xref: ncithesaurus:Testis xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjM25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181431007 xref: TAO:0000598 xref: VHOG:0000252 xref: WBbt:0006794 xref: XAO:0000157 xref: ZFA:0000598 is_a: UBERON:0000991 ! gonad is_a: UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 intersection_of: UBERON:0000991 ! gonad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system disjoint_from: UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad disjoint_from: UBERON:0009117 ! indifferent gonad relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009117 ! indifferent gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system property_value: external_definition "Either of paired male reproductive organs which are involved in the production of sperm and male sex hormones.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000606", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Male reproductive organ.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000598", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) while it is likely that Urbilateria lacked a complex somatic reproductive system, it is at present impossible to speculate on whether or not it possessed a true gonad, let alone any other somatic adaptations for reproduction (reference 1); Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved (reference 2).[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000252", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1093/icb/icm052 Extavour CGM, Gray anatomy: phylogenetic patterns of somatic gonad structures and reproductive strategies across the Bilateria. Integrative and Comparative Biology (2007), DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.042308.13350 DeFalco T and Capel B, Gonad morphogenesis in vertebrates: divergent means to a convergent end. Annual review of cell and developmental biology (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000474 name: female reproductive system def: "The organs of the female reproductive system." [Wikipedia:Female_genitalia] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "female genital system" RELATED [] synonym: "female genitalia" RELATED [] synonym: "female organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female reproductive tract" RELATED [MA:0000381] synonym: "genitalia of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gynaecological tissue" RELATED [BTO:0000083] synonym: "reproductive system of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "systema genitale femininum" RELATED [BTO:0000083] xref: BTO:0000083 xref: EFO:0000969 xref: EHDAA2:0000506 xref: EHDAA:8116 xref: EMAPA:17959 xref: EV:0100110 xref: FBbt:00004864 xref: FMA:45663 xref: GAID:364 xref: HAO:0000324 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Scheme_female_reproductive_system-en.svg/200px-Scheme_female_reproductive_system-en.svg.png xref: MA:0000381 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319 xref: MIAA:0000028 xref: ncithesaurus:Female_Reproductive_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVipTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361386004 xref: TGMA:0000635 xref: VHOG:0000726 xref: WBbt:0006748 xref: XAO:0000156 is_a: UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 intersection_of: UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism property_value: homology_notes "By far, sexual reproduction is the more common pattern among living vertebrate forms and its widespread occurrence suggests that it is the plesiomorphic, or primitive, reproductive mode among the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000726", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0792383369 Lombardi J, Comparative vertebrate reproduction (1998) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000475 name: organism subdivision def: "Anatomical structure which is a primary subdivision of whole organism. The mereological sum of these is the whole organism." [CARO:0000032, CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Body_part] comment: Editor note: revise after CARO2. todo - check the inclusion of FMA 'cardinal body part here', and check child terms for consistency subset: uberon_slim subset: upper_level synonym: "anatomic region" EXACT [MA:0002433] synonym: "body part" RELATED [] synonym: "body region" RELATED [FMA:7153] synonym: "cardinal body part" RELATED [FMA:7153] xref: AAO:0010053 xref: AEO:0000032 xref: BILA:0000032 xref: CARO:0000032 xref: EFO:0000808 xref: EHDAA2:0003032 xref: FBbt:00007009 xref: FMA:7153 xref: galen:BodyPart xref: HAO:0000032 xref: MA:0002433 xref: MAT:0000293 xref: MESH:A.01 xref: MIAA:0000293 xref: ncithesaurus:Body_Part xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViAHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0001308 xref: TGMA:0001840 xref: VHOG:0001758 xref: XAO:0003013 xref: ZFA:0001308 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0000476 name: acellular anatomical structure def: "Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue." [CARO:MAH] subset: vertebrate_core xref: AAO:0010268 xref: AEO:0000040 xref: BILA:0000040 xref: CARO:0000040 xref: EHDAA2:0003040 xref: FBbt:00007013 xref: FMA:63863 xref: HAO:0000040 xref: TAO:0000382 xref: TGMA:0001841 xref: XAO:0003162 xref: ZFA:0000382 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0000480 ! anatomical group property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or tissue.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010268", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000477 name: anatomical cluster def: "Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another." [CARO:MAH] subset: disjointness_axiom_removed subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010009 xref: AEO:0000041 xref: BILA:0000041 xref: CARO:0000041 xref: EHDAA2:0003041 xref: FBbt:00007277 xref: FMA:49443 xref: HAO:0000041 xref: TADS:0000605 xref: TAO:0001478 xref: TGMA:0001842 xref: VHOG:0001737 xref: XAO:0003160 xref: ZFA:0001478 is_a: UBERON:0000480 ! anatomical group [Term] id: UBERON:0000478 name: extraembryonic structure def: "Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo." [CARO:MAH] comment: see also conceptus extraembryonic component in EHDAA2 subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "extra-embryonic structure" EXACT [] synonym: "extraembryonic component" RELATED [] synonym: "extraembryonic tissue" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010020 xref: AEO:0000042 xref: BILA:0000042 xref: CARO:0000042 xref: EHDAA2:0003042 xref: EHDAA:46 xref: EMAPA:16042 xref: FBbt:00005835 xref: FMA:85537 xref: HAO:0000042 xref: ncithesaurus:Extraembryonic_Structure xref: SCTID:314908006 xref: TAO:0000020 xref: TGMA:0001843 xref: VHOG:0000292 xref: XAO:0004005 xref: ZFA:0000020 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000068 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage disjoint_from: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000479 name: tissue def: "Anatomical structure, that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships." [CARO:0000043, CARO:MAH, FMA:9637] comment: This class was sourced from CARO, which was initially sourced from FMA. Nomenclature changes have been made. Note also AEO introduces a class AEO:0000013 'single-cell tissue' subset: upper_level synonym: "portion of tissue" EXACT [CARO:0000043] synonym: "simple tissue" EXACT [AEO:0000043] synonym: "tissue portion" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000607 xref: AAO:0010054 xref: AEO:0000043 xref: BILA:0000043 xref: CARO:0000043 xref: EHDAA2:0003043 xref: FBbt:00007003 xref: FMA:9637 xref: galen:Tissue xref: HAO:0000043 xref: MA:0003002 xref: MESH:A.10 xref: ncithesaurus:Tissue xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_19 xref: TAO:0001477 xref: TGMA:0001844 xref: VHOG:0001757 xref: WBbt:0005729 xref: XAO:0003040 xref: ZFA:0001477 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000480 name: anatomical group def: "Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue." [CARO:0000054, CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010008 xref: AEO:0000054 xref: BILA:0000054 xref: CARO:0000054 xref: EHDAA2:0003054 xref: HAO:0000054 xref: TAO:0001512 xref: TGMA:0001846 xref: VHOG:0001724 xref: XAO:0003001 xref: ZFA:0001512 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000481 name: multi-tissue structure def: "Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types." [CARO:0000055, CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010048 xref: AEO:0000055 xref: BILA:0000055 xref: CARO:0000055 xref: EHDAA2:0003055 xref: FBbt:00007010 xref: HAO:0000055 xref: TAO:0001488 xref: TGMA:0001847 xref: VHOG:0001762 xref: XAO:0003037 xref: ZFA:0001488 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0000479 ! tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0000482 name: basal lamina def: "Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue." [CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Basal_lamina] comment: TODO - use GO. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "basal laminae" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001592] synonym: "lamina basalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basal_lamina] xref: AAO:0010269 xref: AEO:0000065 xref: BILA:0000065 xref: CARO:0000065 xref: EHDAA2:0003065 xref: FMA:62918 xref: GO:0005605 xref: HAO:0000065 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Basal_lamina.jpg xref: MESH:A.10.272.220 xref: ncithesaurus:Basal_Lamina xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1397492660 xref: TAO:0001485 xref: TGMA:0001850 xref: VHOG:0001592 xref: WBbt:0005756 xref: XAO:0003163 xref: ZFA:0001485 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium property_value: homology_notes "A basal lamina is certainly present in Bilateria and was evaluated as an autapomorphy of this taxon.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001592", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.57", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000483 name: epithelium def: "Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. Examples: simple squamous epithelium, glandular cuboidal epithelium, transitional epithelium, myoepithelium[CARO]." [CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Epithelium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelial tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "portion of epithelium" EXACT [FMA:9639] xref: AAO:0000144 xref: AAO:0010055 xref: AEO:0000066 xref: BILA:0000066 xref: BTO:0000416 xref: CARO:0000066 xref: EHDAA2:0003066 xref: FBbt:00007005 xref: FMA:9639 xref: GAID:402 xref: HAO:0000066 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Tkanka_nablonkowa.png xref: MESH:A.10.272 xref: ncithesaurus:Epithelium xref: SCTID:31610004 xref: TAO:0001486 xref: VHOG:0000387 xref: XAO:0003045 xref: ZFA:0001486 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010055", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.[CARO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="CARO:0000066", ontology="CARO", source="CARO:MAH", source="FMA:9639"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001486", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The two basic types of metazoan tissue are epithelial and connective. The simplest metazoans, and developmental stages of many primitive invertebrates, consist solely of these two layers. Thus, epithelial and connective tissues may be the primary (original) tissues of metazoans, and both are important in the functional organization of animals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000387", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030259821 Ruppert EE, Fox RS, Barnes RD, Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach (2003) p.59", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000484 name: simple cuboidal epithelium def: "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells." [CARO:MAH, Wikipedia:Simple_cuboidal_epithelium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelium simplex cuboideum" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010064 xref: AEO:0000067 xref: BILA:0000067 xref: CARO:0000067 xref: EHDAA2:0003067 xref: FMA:45566 xref: HAO:0000067 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Gray1133.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Gray1133.png/200px-Gray1133.png xref: ncithesaurus:Simple_Cuboidal_Epithelium xref: TAO:0001497 xref: XAO:0004009 xref: ZFA:0001497 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010077 ! cuboidal epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0000485 name: simple columnar epithelium def: "Unilaminar epithelium, which consists of a single layer of columnar cells. Examples: ciliated columnar epithelium, gastric epithelium, microvillus columnar epithelium.[FMA]" [CARO:MAH, FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Simple_columnar_epithelium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "columnar epithelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003068] synonym: "columnar epithlium" EXACT [AEO:0000068] synonym: "epithelium simplex columnare" EXACT [] synonym: "simple columnar epithelium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010063 xref: AEO:0000068 xref: BILA:0000068 xref: CARO:0000068 xref: EHDAA2:0003068 xref: FBbt:00007027 xref: FMA:45567 xref: HAO:0000068 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray1059.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray1059.png/200px-Gray1059.png xref: ncithesaurus:Simple_Columnar_Epithelium xref: SCTID:32210007 xref: TAO:0001496 xref: XAO:0004008 xref: ZFA:0001496 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010063", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells.[CARO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="CARO:0000068", ontology="CARO", source="CARO:MAH", source="FMA:45567"} property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001496", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000486 name: multilaminar epithelium def: "Epithelium which consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells that may or may not be in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, ciliated stratified columnar epithelium.[FMA]" [CARO:MAH, FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Stratified_epithelium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "laminated epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0002074] synonym: "stratified epithelium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010059 xref: AEO:0000069 xref: BILA:0000069 xref: BTO:0002074 xref: CARO:0000069 xref: EHDAA2:0003069 xref: FMA:45562 xref: HAO:0000069 xref: ncithesaurus:Stratified_Epithelium xref: SCTID:309044005 xref: TAO:0001494 xref: XAO:0004006 xref: ZFA:0001494 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010059", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.[CARO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="CARO:0000069", ontology="CARO", source="CARO:MAH", source="FMA:45562"} property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001494", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000487 name: simple squamous epithelium def: "Unilaminar epithelium which consists of a single layer of squamous cells. Examples: pulmonary alveolar epithelium, endothelium.[FMA]" [CARO:MAH, FMA:45565, Wikipedia:Simple_squamous_epithelium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelium simplex squamosum" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010066 xref: AEO:0000070 xref: BILA:0000070 xref: BTO:0002073 xref: CARO:0000070 xref: EHDAA2:0003070 xref: FMA:45565 xref: HAO:0000070 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Illu_epithelium.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Simple_Squamous_Epithelium xref: TAO:0001498 xref: XAO:0004010 xref: ZFA:0001498 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010066", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.[CARO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="CARO:0000070", ontology="CARO", source="CARO:MAH", source="FMA:45565"} property_value: external_definition "Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001498", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000488 name: atypical epithelium def: "Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one ore more layers." [CARO:MAH] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "heterogenous epithelium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010057 xref: AEO:0000071 xref: BILA:0000071 xref: CARO:0000071 xref: EHDAA2:0003071 xref: FMA:61741 xref: HAO:0000071 xref: TAO:0001493 xref: XAO:0004004 xref: ZFA:0001493 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one or more layers.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001493", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000489 name: cavitated compound organ def: "Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces." [CARO:MAH] subset: organ_slim subset: upper_level synonym: "cavitated organ" EXACT [FMA:55671] xref: AAO:0010016 xref: AEO:0000072 xref: BILA:0000072 xref: CARO:0000072 xref: EHDAA2:0003072 xref: FMA:55671 xref: HAO:0000072 xref: TAO:0001490 xref: TGMA:0001857 xref: VHOG:0001730 xref: XAO:0003165 xref: ZFA:0001490 is_a: UBERON:0003103 ! compound organ relationship: has_part UBERON:0002553 intersection_of: UBERON:0003103 ! compound organ intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: has_part UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0000490 name: unilaminar epithelium def: "Epithelium which consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. Examples: endothelium, mesothelium, glandular squamous epithelium.[FMA]" [CARO:MAH, FMA:45561] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "simple epithelium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010062 xref: AEO:0000073 xref: BILA:0000073 xref: BTO:0002073 xref: CARO:0000073 xref: EHDAA2:0003073 xref: FMA:45561 xref: HAO:0000073 xref: ncithesaurus:Simple_Epithelium xref: SCTID:309043004 xref: TAO:0001495 xref: XAO:0004007 xref: ZFA:0001495 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010062", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.[CARO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="CARO:0000073", ontology="CARO", source="CARO:MAH", source="FMA:45561"} property_value: external_definition "Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001495", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000491 name: solid compound organ def: "Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces." [CARO:MAH] subset: organ_slim subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010019 xref: AEO:0000074 xref: BILA:0000074 xref: CARO:0000074 xref: EHDAA2:0003074 xref: HAO:0000074 xref: TAO:0001491 xref: TGMA:0001859 xref: XAO:0003164 xref: ZFA:0001491 is_a: UBERON:0003103 ! compound organ [Term] id: UBERON:0000569 name: ileocecal valve def: "The ileocecal valve is a sphincter muscle situated at the junction of the small intestine (ileum) and the large intestine. Its critical function is to limit the reflux of colonic contents into the ileum." [Wikipedia:Ileocecal_valve] synonym: "Tulp's valve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ileocecal_valve] synonym: "valva ileocaecalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ileocecal_valve] synonym: "valva ileocaecalis (valva ilealis)" EXACT [FMA:15973] xref: FMA:15973 xref: galen:IleocecalValve xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray1075.png xref: ncithesaurus:Ileocecal_Valve xref: SCTID:362153007 is_a: UBERON:0003978 {source="Obol"} ! valve is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011185 ! gastrointestinal sphincter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001073 {source="FMA"} ! ileocecal junction [Term] id: UBERON:0000642 name: suspensory ligament of duodenum def: "Ligament that connects the duodenum of the small intestines to the diaphragm. It contains a slender band of skeletal muscle from the diaphragm and a fibromuscular band of smooth muscle from the horizontal and ascending parts of the duodenum. When it contracts, the suspensory muscle of the duodenum widens the angle of the duodenojejunal flexure, allowing movement of the intestinal contents It arises from the right crus as it passes around the esophagus, continues as connective tissue around the stems of the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery and inserts into the third and fourth portions of the duodenum and frequently into the duodenojejunal (DJ) flexure (between the duodenum and the jejunum) as well. " [Wikipedia:Suspensory_muscle_of_duodenum] comment: an especially important landmark to note when looking at the bowel for the presence of malrotation of the gut, a syndrome often suspected in young children when they have episodes of recurrent vomiting. Visualizing a normal location of the ligament of Treitz in radiological images is critical in ruling out malrotation of the gut in a child; it is abnormally located when malrotation is present. An abnormally low and fixed position of the ligament of Treitz is a known cause of superior mesenteric artery syndrome. However, identifying it on a CT scan is difficult. Hematemesis (blood in the vomit) or melena (black tarry stools) usually indicate a gastrointestinal bleed from a location proximal to the ligament. Hematochezia (bright red blood or clots in the stools) usually indicates a gastrointestinal bleed from a location distal to the ligament. synonym: "ligament of Treitz" EXACT [FMA:20509] synonym: "muscle of Treitz" EXACT [FMA:20509] synonym: "musculus suspensorius duodeni" EXACT [FMA:20509] synonym: "musculus suspensorius duodeni" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Suspensory_muscle_of_duodenum] synonym: "suspensory muscle of duodenum" EXACT [FMA:20509] xref: FMA:20509 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Gray1042.png xref: SCTID:279979000 is_a: UBERON:0008841 {source="Obol"} ! suspensory ligament relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002114 intersection_of: UBERON:0008841 ! suspensory ligament intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001103 {source="Obol"} ! diaphragm relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002114 {source="Obol"} ! duodenum relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum [Term] id: UBERON:0000711 name: splenius capitis def: "The splenius capitis is a broad, straplike muscle in the back of the neck. It pulls on the base of the skull from vertebrae in the neck and upper thorax. It arises from the lower half of the ligamentum nuchæ, from the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra, and from the spinous processes of the upper three or four thoracic vertebræ. The fibers of the muscle are directed upward and lateralward and are inserted, under cover of the Sternocleidomastoideus, into the mastoid process of the temporal bone, and into the rough surface on the occipital bone just below the lateral third of the superior nuchal line. The Splenius Capitis muscle is innervated by the dorsal rami of spinal nerves C3-C4. The splenius muscle is a prime mover for head extension. The splenius capitis can also allow lateral flexion and rotation of the cervical spine." [Wikipedia:Splenius_capitis_muscle] synonym: "musculus splenius capitis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Splenius_capitis_muscle] synonym: "splenius capitis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Splenius_capitis_muscle] xref: FMA:22653 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Splenius.png xref: SCTID:244850004 is_a: UBERON:0002252 {source="FMA"} ! splenius is_a: UBERON:0002377 ! muscle of neck relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 {source="Wikipedia:Mastoid_process"} ! mastoid process of temporal bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000351 {source="dbpedia", notes="Ligamentum nuchae spinous process of C7-T6"} ! nuchal ligament relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0000908 name: hippocampal commissure alt_id: UBERON:Commissure-MA_0002723 def: "The lateral portions of the body of the fornix are joined by a thin triangular lamina, named the psalterium (lyra). This lamina contains some transverse fibers that connect the two hippocampi across the middle line and constitute the commissure of fornix (hippocampal commissure)." [Wikipedia:Commissure_of_fornix] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "commissura hippocampi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61970, FMA:TA] synonym: "commissure of fornix" RELATED [Wikipedia:Commissure_of_fornix] synonym: "commissure of fornix of forebrain" EXACT [FMA:61970] synonym: "delta fornicis" EXACT [MP:0008221] synonym: "dorsal hippocampal commissure" EXACT [FMA:61970] synonym: "fornical commissure" EXACT [FMA:61970] synonym: "fornix commissure" EXACT [FMA:61970] synonym: "hippocampus commissure" EXACT [MP:0008221] xref: FMA:61970 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Gray747.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray747.png/200px-Gray747.png xref: MA:0002723 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_746 xref: SCTID:369115003 is_a: UBERON:0005340 ! dorsal telencephalic commissure is_a: UBERON:0005970 ! brain commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002316 ! white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0000910 name: chyme def: "Chyme is a bodily fluid consisting of a liquid substance found in the stomach before passing through the pyloric valve and entering the duodenum. It results from the mechanical and chemical breakdown of a bolus and consists of partially digested food, water, hydrochloric acid, and various digestive enzymes." [Wikipedia:Chyme] synonym: "chymus" EXACT [ENVO:02000026] xref: ENVO:02000026 xref: FMA:62961 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0000911 name: chyle def: "Chyle is a bodily fluid consisting of a milky fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats; formed in the small intestine during digestion of ingested fats." [http://wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=chyle, Wikipedia:Chyle] xref: ENVO:02000030 xref: FMA:61403 xref: GAID:1187 xref: MESH:A.12.207.630.350 xref: ncithesaurus:Chyle is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: has_part UBERON:0002391 ! lymph [Term] id: UBERON:0000912 name: mucus def: "Mucus is a bodily fluid consisting of a slippery secretion of the lining of the mucous membranes in the body. It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes (such as lysozyme) and immunoglobulins. Mucus is produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes that cover the surfaces of the membranes. It is made up of mucins and inorganic salts suspended in water." [Wikipedia:Mucus] xref: ENVO:02000040 xref: FMA:66938 xref: GAID:1164 xref: galen:Mucus xref: MESH:A.12.200.503 xref: ncithesaurus:Mucus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjHq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0000913 name: interstitial fluid def: "Interstitial fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of a solution which bathes and surrounds the cells of multicellular animals. It is the main component of the extracellular fluid, which also includes plasma and transcellular fluid." [FMA:9673, Wikipedia:Interstitial_fluid] synonym: "intercellular fluid" EXACT [ENVO:02000042] synonym: "tissue fluid" EXACT [ENVO:02000042] xref: ENVO:02000042 xref: FMA:9673 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0000914 name: organismal segment def: "One of the repeated divisions of the whole organism." [FB:gg, Wikipedia:Segmentation_(biology)] comment: editor note: review this post-CARO2 subset: uberon_slim subset: upper_level synonym: "segment" EXACT [FBbt:00000003] xref: FBbt:00000003 xref: HAO:0000929 xref: MAT:0000271 xref: MIAA:0000271 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0000915 name: thoracic segment of trunk def: "Organismal subdivision of body that lies between the head and the abdomen [Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Thorax] comment: Usage notes: note that we use the slightly verbose term 'thoracic segment of trunk' to avoid confusuon with insect thorax. todo - taxonomic constraints. Also, in FMA 'thorax' is a synonym for chest subset: uberon_slim synonym: "thorax" RELATED [MA:0000022] synonym: "upper body" RELATED [] xref: FMA:259209 xref: MA:0000022 xref: SCTID:302551006 is_a: UBERON:0009569 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of trunk is_a: UBERON:0011676 ! axial subdivision of organism property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000026 property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000033 property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002417 [Term] id: UBERON:0000916 name: abdomen def: "In vertebrates such as mammals the abdomen (belly) constitutes the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis. The region enclosed by the abdomen is termed the abdominal cavity." [Wikipedia:Abdomen] comment: Taxon notes: Vertebrate specific. In arthropods 'abdomen' is the most distal section of the body which lies behind the thorax or cephalothorax. If need be we can introduce some grouping class subset: uberon_slim synonym: "abdominopelvic region" EXACT [FMA:9577] synonym: "abdominopelvis" EXACT [FMA:9577] synonym: "adult abdomen" RELATED [] synonym: "belly" RELATED [] synonym: "celiac region" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000020 xref: EFO:0000968 xref: EV:0100011 xref: FMA:9577 xref: GAID:16 xref: galen:Abdomen xref: MA:0000029 xref: MAT:0000298 xref: MESH:A.01.047 xref: MIAA:0000298 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjgyZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302553009 is_a: UBERON:0009569 ! subdivision of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 {source="MA"} ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0000917 name: obsolete abdominal segment synonym: "segment of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0002417 [Term] id: UBERON:0000918 name: obsolete yolk def: "The nutritive substance contained in the egg." [FB:gg] synonym: "vegetal yolk mass" BROAD [] synonym: "yolk cell" RELATED [] xref: MAT:0000335 xref: MIAA:0000335 is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0007378 [Term] id: UBERON:0000919 name: obsolete lipid droplet is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000920 name: egg chorion def: "A protective, noncellular membrane that surrounds the eggs of various animals including insects and fish [GO]." [GO:0042600, Wikipedia:Chorion_(egg)] subset: dubious_grouping subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chorion" RELATED [] synonym: "chorion (egg)" EXACT [] xref: FBbt:00000038 xref: TAO:0000329 xref: TGMA:0000681 xref: ZFA:0000329 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0003124 ! chorion relationship: surrounds UBERON:0003125 ! vitelline membrane property_value: external_definition "The egg shell. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000329", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000921 name: obsolete pronucleus def: "." [Wikipedia:Pronucleus] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000922 name: embryo def: "Anatomical entity that comprises the organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant." [BTO:0000379, FB:FBrf0039741, FB:FBrf0041814, GO:0009790, Wikipedia:Embryo] comment: Obsoleted in ZFA. Note that embryo is not classified as an embryonic structure - an embryonic structure is only the parts of an embryo subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "developing organism" RELATED [BILA:0000056] synonym: "developmental tissue" RELATED [] synonym: "embryonic organism" EXACT [BILA:0000056] xref: AAO:0011035 xref: AEO:0000169 xref: BILA:0000056 xref: BTO:0000379 xref: EFO:0001367 xref: EHDAA2:0000002 xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003236 xref: EHDAA:38 xref: EMAPA:16039 xref: FBbt:00000052 xref: FMA:69068 xref: GAID:963 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Wrinkledfrog_embryos.jpg xref: MAT:0000226 xref: MESH:A.16.254 xref: MIAA:0000019 xref: ncithesaurus:Embryo xref: OGEM:000001 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP1ceZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:57991002 xref: VHOG:0001766 xref: XAO:0000113 xref: ZFA:0000103 is_a: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000068 relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000068 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage intersection_of: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage [Term] id: UBERON:0000923 name: germ layer def: "A layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the animal embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation. The three types of germ layers are the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm." [Wikipedia:Germ_layer] comment: Classically the germ layers are ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Alternatively: primary = ectoderm, endoderm; secondary=mesoderm; tertiary=dorsal mesoderm, NC[UBERONREF:0000002] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "embryonic germ layer" RELATED [] synonym: "embryonic germ layers" RELATED [] synonym: "embryonic tissue" BROAD [FMA:69069] synonym: "germinal layer" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Germinal_Layer] synonym: "primary germ layer" NARROW [GO:0001704, ZFA:0001122] xref: AAO:0000480 xref: BILA:0000035 xref: BTO:0000556 xref: FBbt:00000110 xref: FMA:69069 xref: GAID:1303 xref: MESH:A.16.254.425 xref: ncithesaurus:Embryonic_Tissue xref: ncithesaurus:Germinal_Layer xref: TAO:0001122 xref: VHOG:0001223 xref: XAO:0003011 xref: ZFA:0001122 is_a: UBERON:0010316 ! germ layer / neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: homology_notes "The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001223", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) Limb development and evolution, p.722", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000924 name: ectoderm def: "Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's three germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue." [Wikipedia:Ectoderm] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "embryonic ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000153] xref: AAO:0000137 xref: BILA:0000036 xref: BTO:0000315 xref: EFO:0000414 xref: EHDAA2:0000428 xref: EMAPA:16069 xref: EV:0100003 xref: FBbt:00000111 xref: FMA:69070 xref: GAID:1304 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Gray32.png xref: MAT:0000155 xref: MAT:0000173 xref: MESH:A.16.254.425.273 xref: MIAA:0000173 xref: ncithesaurus:Ectoderm xref: SCTID:362851007 xref: TAO:0000016 xref: VHOG:0000153 xref: XAO:0000001 xref: ZFA:0000016 is_a: UBERON:0000923 ! germ layer relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006601 {source="cjm"} ! presumptive ectoderm property_value: external_definition "Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryonic germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000137", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000153", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) Limb development and evolution, p.722", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000925 name: endoderm def: "Primary germ layer that lies remote from the surface of the embryo and gives rise to internal tissues such as gut." [Wikipedia:Endoderm] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "entoderm" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000139 xref: BILA:0000038 xref: BTO:0000800 xref: EFO:0002545 xref: EHDAA2:0000436 xref: EV:0100005 xref: FBbt:00000125 xref: FMA:69071 xref: GAID:1305 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Endoderm2.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Gray10.png/200px-Gray10.png xref: MAT:0000175 xref: MESH:A.16.254.425.407 xref: MIAA:0000175 xref: ncithesaurus:Endoderm xref: SCTID:362855003 xref: TAO:0000017 xref: VHOG:0000154 xref: XAO:0000090 xref: ZFA:0000017 is_a: UBERON:0000923 ! germ layer relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006595 {source="ZFA"} ! presumptive endoderm property_value: homology_notes "The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000154", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) Limb development and evolution, p.722", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000926 name: mesoderm alt_id: UBERON:0003263 def: "The middle germ layer of the embryo, between the endoderm and ectoderm." [Wikipedia:Mesoderm] comment: Taxon notes: sponges do not seem to have a mesoderm and accordingly Amphimedon lacks transcription factors involved in mesoderm development (Fkh, Gsc, Twist, Snail)[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v466/n7307/full/nature09201.html]. Mesoderm may not be homologous across verteberates[UBERONREF:0000002] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "embryonic mesoderm" RELATED [VHOG:0000152] synonym: "entire mesoderm" RELATED [SCTID:362854004, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "mesodermal mantle" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000304 xref: BILA:0000037 xref: BTO:0000839 xref: EFO:0001981 xref: EHDAA2:0001128 xref: EHDAA:124 xref: EHDAA:160 xref: EHDAA:168 xref: EHDAA:183 xref: EMAPA:16083 xref: EV:0100006 xref: FBbt:00000126 xref: FMA:69072 xref: GAID:522 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Mesoderm.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Mesoderm.png/200px-Mesoderm.png xref: MAT:0000174 xref: MESH:A.16.254.425.660 xref: MIAA:0000174 xref: ncithesaurus:Mesoderm xref: SCTID:362854004 xref: TAO:0000041 xref: VHOG:0000152 xref: XAO:0000050 xref: ZFA:0000041 is_a: UBERON:0000923 {notes="sometimes not considered primary"} ! germ layer relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006603 {source="ZFA"} ! presumptive mesoderm property_value: external_definition "Primary germ layer that is the middle of the embryonic germ layers.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000304", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The Bilateria are triploblastic (with true endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000152", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) Limb development and evolution, p.722", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6040 [Term] id: UBERON:0000927 name: mesectoderm def: "A double row of cells which are located at the midline from the end of gastrulations. The morphology of these cells is distinct from adjacent ectodermal cells - they are elongated such that one end remains exposed to the outside of the embryo at the mideline while the other end bissects the internalised mesoderm." [FB:FBrf0089570] comment: Split term? The part of the mesenchyme derived from ectoderm, especially from the embryonic neural crest from which the pigment cells, meninges, and most of the branchial cartilages develop.[TFD] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "MesEc" RELATED [] xref: FBbt:00000136 xref: MAT:0000243 xref: MIAA:0000243 is_a: UBERON:0000923 ! germ layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0000928 name: embryonic segment comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "segment - embryonic" EXACT [] xref: FBbt:00000154 xref: MAT:0000244 xref: MIAA:0000244 is_a: UBERON:0000914 ! organismal segment is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0000929 name: pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve def: "Motor nerve of the pharynx, arises from the upper part of the ganglion nodosum, and consists principally of filaments from the cranial portion of the accessory nerve." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_branch_of_vagus_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pharyngeal branch" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngeal branch of inferior vagal ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngeal branch of vagus" EXACT [FMA:6234] synonym: "pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "ramus pharyngealis nervi vagalis" EXACT [] synonym: "ramus pharyngeus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6234, FMA:TA] synonym: "ramus pharyngeus nervi vagi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_branch_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve pharyngeal branch" EXACT [] synonym: "vagal pharyngeal branch" EXACT [] synonym: "vagus nerve pharyngeal branch" EXACT [] xref: FMA:6234 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png xref: SCTID:280298006 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway relationship: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000930 name: stomodeum def: "Anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal formed as an invagination of the ectoderm; the future mouth[ZFA]. In humans, a depression between the brain and the pericardium in an embryo, and is the precursor of the mouth and the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The stomodeum is lined by ectoderm, and is separated from the anterior end of the fore-gut by the buccopharyngeal membrane. This membrane is devoid of mesoderm, being formed by the apposition of the stomodeal ectoderm with the fore-gut endoderm; at the end of the third week it disappears, and thus a communication is established between the mouth and the future pharynx[WP]. The anterior part of the embryonic digestive system deriving from the stomodeal invagination of the ectoderm[FBbt]." [Wikipedia:Stomodeum] comment: Editor note: consider indicating location. e.g. anterior. Note some AOs place this as part of oral opening, but it's not clear when this structure comes into existence. Taxon note: This class groups together disparate structures as all being the anterior part of the early metazoan digestive tract and precursor of the mouth. However, the developmental processes vary, so this class may be split in future. E.g. in mammals it is a rostral depression surrounded by prominences. Outgrowth of the prominences produces a stomodeal cavity. subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mouth primordium" EXACT [XAO:0000269] synonym: "primitive oral cavity" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "stomatodeum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stomodeum] synonym: "stomodaeum" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004224 xref: EHDAA2:0001929 xref: EMAPA:16263 xref: FBbt:00000439 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray977.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray977.png/200px-Gray977.png xref: ncithesaurus:Stomodeum xref: TAO:0001290 xref: TGMA:0000135 xref: XAO:0000269 xref: ZFA:0001290 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0003102 {source="ZFA"} ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut property_value: external_definition "Anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal formed as an invagination of the ectoderm; the future mouth.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001290", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000931 name: proctodeum def: "Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage[ZFA]. A proctodeum is the back ectodermal part of an alimentary canal. It is created during embryogenesis by a folding of the outer body wall[WP]." [Wikipedia:Proctodeum] comment: removed WBbt:0006795 - junction between the alimentary and genital tracts in the male. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anal pit" RELATED [VHOG:0000139] synonym: "proctodaeum" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011087 xref: FBbt:00000440 xref: ncithesaurus:Proctodeum xref: SCTID:298233001 xref: TAO:0000066 xref: VHOG:0000139 xref: XAO:0001019 xref: ZFA:0000066 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001353 ! anal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut property_value: external_definition "An inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000066", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into part of the anal passage.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011087", ontology="AAO", source="ZFA:0000066"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000932 name: obsolete ventral longitudinal muscle comment: originally unified on basis of terminological similarity is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000933 name: pharyngeal muscle def: "A muscle that acts on the pharynx[WP, vetted]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_muscles] comment: Innervation notes: They are innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the Vagus nerve (CN X) with the exception of the stylopharyngeus muscle which is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX).[WP] synonym: "branchial muscle" EXACT [ZFA:0000172] synonym: "branchial muscles" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000172] synonym: "muscle of pharynx" EXACT [] synonym: "muscle organ of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "musculi pharyngis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_muscles] synonym: "musculus pharyngis" RELATED [BTO:0001048] synonym: "pharynx muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "pharynx muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica muscularis pharyngis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_muscles] xref: BTO:0001048 xref: FMA:46619 xref: GAID:154 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray1030.png xref: MA:0001797 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Muscle xref: SCTID:244798004 xref: TAO:0000172 xref: ZFA:0000172 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004467 {source="ZFA"} ! musculature of pharynx property_value: external_definition "A pharyngeal muscle is any muscle that forms part of the pharynx[GO]." xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-30", external_class="GO:0043282", notes="does not quite work for some muscles such as stylopharyngeus", ontology="GO", source="GOC:go_curators"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000934 name: ventral nerve cord def: "The pair of closely united ventral longitudinal nerves with their segmental ganglia that is characteristic of many elongate invertebrates (as earthworms)[BTO]. A large process bundle that runs along the vental mid-line extending from the ventral region of the nerve ring[WB]. The ventral cord is one of the distinguishing traits of the central nervous system of all arthropods (such as insects, crustaceans and arachnids) as well as many other invertebrates, such as the annelid worms[GO]." [BTO:0002328, GO:0007419, WB:Paper00000938, Wikipedia:Ventral_nerve_cord] comment: The ventral nerve cords make up the nervous system of some phyla of the invertebrates, particularly within the nematodes, annelids and the arthropods. It usually consists of cerebral ganglia anteriorly with the nerve cords running down the ventral ('belly', as opposed to back) plane of the organism. This characteristic is important in qualifying the difference compared to the chordates, which have a dorsal nerve cord. Ventral nerve cords from anterior to posterior (the thoracic and abdominal tagma in the arthropods) are made up of segmented ganglia that are connected by a tract of nerve fibers passing from one side to the other of the nerve cord called commissures. The complete system bears some likeness to a rope ladder. In some animals the bilateral ganglia are fused into a single large ganglion per segment. This characteristic is found mostly in the insects. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ventral cord" EXACT [GO:0007419] xref: BTO:0002328 xref: EFO:0000896 xref: FBbt:00001102 xref: MAT:0000339 xref: MIAA:0000339 xref: WBbt:0005829 is_a: UBERON:0005053 ! nerve cord property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7711 [Term] id: UBERON:0000935 name: anterior commissure def: "bundle of nerve fibers (white matter), connecting the two cerebral hemispheres across the midline, and placed in front of the columns of the fornix. The great majority of fibers connecting the two hemispheres travel through the corpus callosum, which is over 10 times larger than the anterior commissure, and other routes of communication pass through the hippocampal commissure or, indirectly, via subcortical connections. Nevertheless, the anterior commissure is a significant pathway that can be clearly distinguished in the brains of all mammals." [Wikipedia:Anterior_commissure] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "commissura anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_commissure] synonym: "commissura anterior" RELATED [] synonym: "commissura rostral" RELATED [] synonym: "commissura rostralis" EXACT [] synonym: "precommisure" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_commisure] synonym: "rostral commissure" RELATED [] xref: BM:Tel-AC xref: BTO:0002169 xref: EMAPA:19038 xref: FMA:61961 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Gray744.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gray744.png/200px-Gray744.png xref: MA:0002722 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Commissure xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:Class_4 xref: SCTID:369119009 xref: TAO:0001108 xref: VHOG:0001558 xref: ZFA:0001108 is_a: UBERON:0002473 ! intercerebral commissure property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates the thin structure that connects the two halves of the telencephalon shows a ridge-like thickening at the basal side known as the anterior commissure.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001558", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1969.tb20432.x", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000936 name: posterior commissure def: "Rounded band of white fibers crossing the middle line on the dorsal aspect of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct. It is important in the bilateral pupillary light reflex. Its fibers acquire their medullary sheaths early, but their connections have not been definitely determined. Most of them have their origin in a nucleus, the nucleus of the posterior commissure (nucleus of Darkschewitsch), which lies in the central gray substance of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct, in front of the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve. Some are probably derived from the posterior part of the thalamus and from the superior colliculus, whereas others are believed to be continued downward into the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The posterior commissure interconnects the pretectal nuclei, mediating the consensual pupillary light reflex[WP].Diencephalic tract which is located in the vicinity of the dorsal diencephalon and mesencephalon and connects the pretectal nuclei. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_commissure, ZFA:0000320] comment: AO notes: part_of brainstem in MA; midbrain tectum in NIF subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal commissure" EXACT [FMA:62072, ZFA:0000320] synonym: "commissura posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_commissure] synonym: "epithalamic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62072] xref: BM:MB-Tec-PC xref: FMA:62072 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png xref: MA:0002743 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Commissure xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1026 xref: TAO:0000320 xref: ZFA:0000320 is_a: UBERON:0011590 ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 {source="FMA"} ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0000937 name: obsolete proneural cluster comment: obsoleted because inconsistencies arise due to ZFA term being both embryonic and extraembryonic synonym: "proneural clusters" RELATED [ZFA:0000068] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000939 name: imaginal disc def: "A tissue in the larva which gives rise to the adult external cuticle." [FB:gg, Wikipedia:Imaginal_disc] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "imaginal disk" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0004658 xref: FBbt:00001761 xref: MAT:0000064 xref: MIAA:0000064 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure [Term] id: UBERON:0000941 name: cranial nerve II def: "Cranial nerve which is comprised of retinal ganglion cell axons running posterior medially towards the optic chiasm, at which some of the axons cross the midline and after which the structure is termed the optic tract. Transmits visual information from the retina to the brain[ZFA]." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Optic_nerve, ZFA:0000435] comment: Editor notes: A sensory tract that develops as an outpocketing of the brain - we classify as a cranial nerve as is traditional, but not strictly a nerve. AO notes: (relaion to eye): MA, XAO, AAO and BTO consider this part of the eye. This is in contrast to GO, FMA, EHDAA2 (FMA has a class 'intra-ocular part of optic nerve' which represents the region of overlap). Relation to brain: part of diencephalon in EHDAA2, ZFA. In NIF, has the optic nerve root as part, which is a feature part of the diencphalon. Structure notes: We are consistent here with the FMA in considering CN-II continuous with the retina. Editor notes: - determine the precise relationship between CN II and the CNS subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "02 optic nerve" EXACT [AAO:0010345] synonym: "CN-II" RELATED [ZFA:0000435] synonym: "cranial II" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus opticus" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus opticus [II]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50863, FMA:TA] synonym: "optic" RELATED [TAO:0000435] synonym: "optic II" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001313] synonym: "optic II nerve" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001313] synonym: "optic nerve" BROAD SENSU [FMA:50863, ZFA:0000435] synonym: "optic nerve [II]" EXACT [] synonym: "second cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010345 xref: EHDAA2:0001313 xref: EHDAA:6788 xref: EMAPA:17575 xref: EMAPA:17846 xref: FMA:50863 xref: GAID:831 xref: MA:0001097 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.680 xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1640 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjLm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180938001 xref: TAO:0000435 xref: VHOG:0000543 xref: XAO:0000188 xref: ZFA:0000435 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve is_a: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk is_a: UBERON:0004904 ! nerve connecting eye with brain relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000959 relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000966 intersection_of: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0000959 ! optic chiasma intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0000966 ! retina relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000959 ! optic chiasma relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000966 ! retina relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003098 ! optic stalk relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003902 {source="EHDAA2"} ! retinal neural layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002104 ! visual system property_value: external_definition "A collection of nerve cells that project visual information from the eyes to the brain. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000435", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Fibrous, somatic sensory element covered by a fibrous connective-tissue sheath and is continuous with the layer of nerve cells on the inner surface of the eye.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010345", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup (reference 1); The (optic) stalk persists as the optic nerve (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000543", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/optic+stalk", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000942 name: frontal nerve def: "The frontal nerve is the largest branch of the ophthalmic, and may be regarded, both from its size and direction, as the continuation of the nerve. It enters the orbit through the supraorbital foramen, and runs forward between the Levator palpebræ superioris and the periosteum. Midway between the apex and base of the orbit it divides into two branches, supratrochlear nerve and supraorbital nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Frontal_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nervus frontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_nerve] xref: FMA:52638 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Gray787.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gray787.png/200px-Gray787.png xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Nerve xref: SCTID:280219004 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0000943 name: obsolete labial sensillum is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000944 name: obsolete dorsal branch synonym: "dorsal vein" EXACT [] synonym: "ramus dorsalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76733, FMA:TA] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000945 name: stomach def: "An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium." [ISBN10:0073040584, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Stomach] comment: Taxon notes: We restrict this to the vertebrate specific structure - see the grouping class 'food storage organ' for analogous structures in other species. Teleosts: Zebrafish is functionally stomach-less, but may retain ontogenic footprint. Although the precise shape and size of the stomach varies widely among different vertebrates, the relative positions of the oesophageal and duodenal openings remain relatively constant. As a result, the organ always curves somewhat to the left before curving back to meet the pyloric sphincter. However, lampreys, hagfishes, chimaeras, lungfishes, and some teleost fish have no stomach at all, with the oesophagus opening directly into the intestine. The gastric lining is usually divided into two regions, an anterior portion lined by fundic glands, and a posterior with pyloric glands. Cardiac glands are unique to mammals, and even then are absent in a number of species. The distributions of these glands vary between species, and do not always correspond with the same regions as in man. Furthermore, in many non-human mammals, a portion of the stomach anterior to the cardiac glands is lined with epithelium essentially identical to that of the oesophagus. Ruminants, in particular, have a complex stomach, the first three chambers of which are all lined with oesophageal mucosa -- Stomach#In_other_animals subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior intestine" RELATED [] synonym: "gaster" RELATED [BTO:0001307] synonym: "mesenteron" RELATED [] synonym: "stomach" RELATED [] synonym: "Ventricular" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stomach] synonym: "ventriculus" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000579 xref: ANISEED:1235297 xref: BTO:0001307 xref: EFO:0000837 xref: EHDAA2:0001915 xref: EHDAA:2993 xref: EMAPA:17021 xref: EMAPA:18889 xref: EV:0100070 xref: FMA:7148 xref: GAID:293 xref: galen:Stomach xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Stomach_diagram.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Stomach_diagram.svg/200px-Stomach_diagram.svg.png xref: MA:0000353 xref: MAT:0000051 xref: MESH:A.03.492.766 xref: MIAA:0000051 xref: ncithesaurus:Stomach xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181246003 xref: TAO:0002121 xref: VHOG:0000408 xref: XAO:0000128 is_a: UBERON:0010039 ! food storage organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut property_value: external_definition "Portion of alimentary canal with increased circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. Bounded posteriorly by the pyloric sphincter. Mucosal lining has increased folding.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000579", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "It appears that the stomach has an ancient origin. The stomach first appears in the fish lineage. The prevertebrate chordates do not have a true stomach, whereas the cartilaginous and bony fish do. Although most fish do have a true stomach, some fish species appear to have lost the stomach secondarily. The remaining vertebrate lineages do have a true stomach (at least in the adult animal), although there is great variation in the size and shape of the stomach.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000408", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x Smith DM, Grasty RC, Theodosiou NA, Tabin CJ, Nascone-Yoder NM, Evolutionary relationships between the amphibian, avian, and mammalian stomachs. Evolution and development (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 {source="ZFA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000946 name: cardial valve def: "Flap of tissue that prevents regurgitation of blood from the ventricles to the atria or from the pulmonary arteries or aorta to the ventricles." [Wikipedia:Cardiac_valve] comment: Terminology notes: Rector et al: One might be tempted to define “heart valve” equivalently to “valve in the heart”, and “valve” as a “structure which functions as a valve”. But this combination results in the “foramen ovale” being classified as a kind of “heart valve”, since it is undoubtedly located in the heart and functions as a valve subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac valve" RELATED [GO:0003170] synonym: "heart valve" EXACT [] synonym: "heart valves" RELATED [] synonym: "stomodaeal valve" RELATED [] synonym: "valve of heart" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000564 xref: EMAPA:17869 xref: EV:0100024 xref: FMA:7110 xref: GAID:176 xref: galen:HeartValve xref: MA:0000086 xref: MESH:A.07.541.510 xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Valve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv8oyuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181285005 xref: TAO:0005065 xref: VHOG:0000818 xref: XAO:0004126 xref: ZFA:0005065 is_a: UBERON:0003978 ! valve is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0004754 ! foramen ovale of heart relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 {source="PMID:15797462"} ! endocardial cushion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart property_value: external_definition "One of the four structures within the heart that prevent backflow of blood by opening and closing with each heartbeat. The valves include two semilunar valves, the aortic and pulmonary; the mitral or bicuspid valve; and the tricuspid valve. The valves permit blood flow in only one direction. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000818", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/heart+valve"} property_value: homology_notes "Extensive conservation of valve developmental mechanisms also has been observed among vertebrate species including chicken, mouse, and human.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000818", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.201566 Combs MD, Yutzey KE, Heart valve development. Circulatory Research (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000947 name: aorta def: "Artery carrying blood from the heart to all the organs and other structures of the body, bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation" [Wikipedia:Aorta] comment: Editor notes: This class is currently a mixed bag, encompassing (1) the entirety of the mammalian aorta together with (2) the developmental and phylogenetic homologs of its segments: the ventral aorta and dorsal aortae. Taxon notes: All amniotes have a broadly similar arrangement to that of humans, albeit with a number of individual variations. In fish, however, there are two separate vessels referred to as aortas. The ventral aorta carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the gills; part of this vessel forms the ascending aorta in tetrapods (the remainder forms the pulmonary artery). A second, dorsal aorta carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body, and is homologous with the descending aorta of tetrapods. The two aortas are connected by a number of vessels, one passing through each of the gills. Amphibians also retain the fifth connecting vessel, so that the aorta has two parallel arches[WP]. subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aorta, arteria maxima" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aorta] synonym: "dorsal aorta" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Aorta#In_other_animals, ZFA:0000014] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk of systemic arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010213 xref: BTO:0000135 xref: EFO:0000265 xref: EMAPA:18601 xref: EV:0100027 xref: FMA:3734 xref: GAID:469 xref: galen:Aorta xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Aorta_scheme.jpg xref: MA:0000062 xref: MAT:0000035 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.056 xref: MIAA:0000035 xref: ncithesaurus:Aorta xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjvTpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181298001 xref: VHOG:0001523 xref: XAO:0003010 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002224 {source="MA-modified"} ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0004571 {source="Wikipedia"} ! systemic arterial system relationship: part_of UBERON:0010191 {source="EHDAA2"} ! aortic system property_value: external_definition "The main artery of the circulatory system which carries oxygenated blood from the heart to all the arteries of the body except those of the lungs.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010213", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001523", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000948 name: heart def: "a myogenic muscular organ found in the cardiovascular system. It is responsible for pumping blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions. The vertebrate heart is composed of cardiac muscle, which is an involuntary striated muscle tissue found only in this organ, and connective tissue. Primitive fish have a four-chambered heart; however, the chambers are arranged sequentially so that this primitive heart is quite unlike the four-chambered hearts of mammals and birds. The first chamber is the sinus venosus, which collects de-oxygenated blood, from the body, through the hepatic and cardinal veins. From here, blood flows into the atrium and then to the powerful muscular ventricle where the main pumping action takes place. The fourth and final chamber is the conus arteriosus which contains several valves and sends blood to the ventral aorta. The ventral aorta delivers blood to the gills where it is oxygenated and flows, through the dorsal aorta, into the rest of the body. (In tetrapods, the ventral aorta has divided in two; one half forms the ascending aorta, while the other forms the pulmonary artery. In the adult fish, the four chambers are not arranged in a straight row but, instead, form an S-shape with the latter two chambers lying above the former two. This relatively simpler pattern is found in cartilaginous fish and in the more primitive ray-finned fish. In teleosts, the conus arteriosus is very small and can more accurately be described as part of the aorta rather than of the heart proper. The conus arteriosus is not present in any amniotes which presumably having been absorbed into the ventricles over the course of evolution. Similarly, while the sinus venosus is present as a vestigial structure in some reptiles and birds, it is otherwise absorbed into the right atrium and is no longer distinguishable[WP]." [Wikipedia:Heart] comment: note that we use the term 'circulatory organ' for the generic class. Taxon notes:" the ascidian tube-like heart lacks chambers....The ascidian heart is formed after metamorphosis as a simple tube-like structure with a single-layered myoepi- thelium that is continuous with a single-layered pericar- dial wall. It lacks chambers and endocardium.... The innovation of the chambered heart was a key event in vertebrate evolution, because the chambered heart generates one-way blood flow with high pressure, a critical requirement for the efficient blood supply of large-body vertebrates... all extant vertebrates have hearts with two or more chambers (Moorman and Christoffels 2003)" doi:10.1101/gad.1485706 subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "branchial heart" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "chambered heart" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "Herz" RELATED [BTO:0000562] synonym: "vertebrate heart" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010210 xref: BILA:0000020 xref: BTO:0000562 xref: EFO:0000815 xref: EHDAA2:0000738 xref: EHDAA:420 xref: EMAPA:16105 xref: EV:0100018 xref: FMA:7088 xref: GAID:174 xref: galen:Heart xref: MA:0000072 xref: MAT:0000036 xref: MESH:A.07.541 xref: MIAA:0000036 xref: ncithesaurus:Heart xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjvDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302509004 xref: TAO:0000114 xref: VHOG:0000276 xref: XAO:0000064 xref: ZFA:0000114 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007100 ! circulatory organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_part UBERON:0004151 intersection_of: UBERON:0007100 ! circulatory organ intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004141 ! heart tube relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: has_part UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010210", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Blood pumping organ composed of four chambers: sinus venosus, atrium, cardiac ventricle and bulbus arteriosus.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000114", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system responsible for pumping blood; composed of three chambers--two atria and one ventricle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010210", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "As noted, the hearts of birds and mammals have four chambers that arises from the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the fish heart.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000276", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.481", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000949 name: endocrine system def: "Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce endocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity." [NLM:endocrine+system, Wikipedia:Endocrine_system] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "endocrine glandular system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002224] synonym: "endocrine system" EXACT [] synonym: "systema endocrinum" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010279 xref: EFO:0002969 xref: EHDAA2:0002224 xref: EV:0100128 xref: FBbt:00005068 xref: FMA:9668 xref: GAID:439 xref: MA:0000012 xref: MESH:A.06 xref: ncithesaurus:Endocrine_System xref: SCTID:278876000 xref: TAO:0001158 xref: VHOG:0000098 xref: XAO:0000158 xref: ZFA:0001158 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system containing glands which regulates bodily functions though the secretion of hormones.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010279", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "Multicellular organisms have complex endocrine systems, allowing responses to environmental stimuli, regulation of development, reproduction, and homeostasis. Nuclear receptors (NRs), a metazoan-specific family of ligand-activated transcription factors, play central roles in endocrine responses, as intermediates between signaling molecules and target genes. The NR family includes ligand-bound and orphan receptors, that is, receptors with no known ligand or for which there is no ligand Pocket. Understanding NR evolution has been further improved by comparison of several completed genomes, particularly those of deuterostomes and ecdysozoans. In contrast, evolution of NR ligands is still much debated. One hypothesis proposes that several independent gains and losses of ligand-binding ability in NRs occurred in protostomes and deuterostomes. A second hypothesis, pertaining to the NR3 subfamily (vertebrate steroid hormone receptors and estrogen related receptor), proposes that before the divergence of protostomes and deuterostomes, there was an ancestral steroid receptor (AncSR) that was ligand-activated and that orphan receptors secondarily lost the ability to bind a ligand. (...) Our analysis reveals that steroidogenesis has been independently elaborated in the 3 main bilaterian lineages (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000098", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1073/pnas.0812138106 Markov GV, Tavares R, Dauphin-Villemant C, Demeneix BA, Baker ME, Laudet V, Independent elaboration of steroid hormone signaling pathways in metazoans. PNAS (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000950 name: gracilis def: "The most superficial muscle on the medial side of the thigh. It is thin and flattened, broad above, narrow and tapering below. It arises by a thin aponeurosis from the anterior margins of the lower half of the symphysis pubis and the upper half of the pubic arch." [Wikipedia:Gracilis_muscle] comment: Editor's note: AAO has minor and major gracilis, which merge together, attaching the pelvic rim to the tibiofibula - this could be grouped with the mammalian gracilis at some level; note the current insertion site is 'tibia' which would be modified for amphibian tibiafibula subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gracilis muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000536] synonym: "musculus gracilis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Gracilis_muscle] xref: BTO:0000536 xref: FMA:43882 xref: galen:Gracilis xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: MA:0002311 xref: ncithesaurus:Gracilis xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7If8pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181689005 is_a: UBERON:0004252 ! hindlimb stylopod muscle is_a: UBERON:0011144 {source="Wikipedia"} ! adductor muscle of hip relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000979 {source="dbpedia", notes="pes anserinus"} ! tibia relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001272 {notes="ischiopubic ramus", source="dbpedia"} ! innominate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0011914 {source="Kardong"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000951 name: rotator muscle comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:23081 xref: SCTID:244872002 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ [Term] id: UBERON:0000952 name: obsolete adductor muscle comment: obsoleted as it conflated a generic functional grouping with a specific group of muscles in the leg/hip is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0011144 consider: UBERON:0011145 [Term] id: UBERON:0000953 name: obsolete visceral muscle def: "involuntary non-striated muscle." [Wikipedia:Smooth_muscle] comment: terminological note: GO uses visceral and smooth interchangeably synonym: "adult visceral muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "smooth muscle" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000954 name: obsolete intestine muscle def: "intestinal muscle cell, attach to intestine and body wall anterior to anus" [WB:Paper00000653] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intestinal muscle" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000955 name: brain def: "The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals.[1] Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell[WP]." [Wikipedia:Brain] comment: include synganglion? subset: major_organ subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "encephalon" RELATED [BTO:0000142] synonym: "synganglion" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010478 xref: ABA:Brain xref: BILA:0000135 xref: BTO:0000142 xref: EFO:0000302 xref: EHDAA2:0000183 xref: EHDAA:2641 xref: EHDAA:6485 xref: EMAPA:16894 xref: EV:0100164 xref: FBbt:00005095 xref: FMA:50801 xref: GAID:571 xref: galen:Brain xref: MA:0000168 xref: MAT:0000098 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211 xref: MIAA:0000098 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_796 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjT65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:258335003 xref: TAO:0000008 xref: VHOG:0000157 xref: XAO:0000010 xref: ZFA:0000008 is_a: UBERON:0000062 {source="GO"} ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006238 {evidence="definitional"} ! future brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 {source="FMA"} ! central nervous system property_value: external_definition "Cavitated compound organ which is comprised of gray and white matter and surrounds the cerebral ventricular system.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000008", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the central nervous system situated within the cranium and composed of both nerve cell bodies and nerve fibers.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010478", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000157", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.165", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000956 name: cerebral cortex def: "The cerebral cortex is a structure within the brain that plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. It constitutes the outermost layer of the cerebrum. In preserved brains, it has a grey color, hence the name 'grey matter'. Grey matter is formed by neurons and their unmyelinated fibers, whereas the white matter below the grey matter of the cortex is formed predominantly by myelinated axons interconnecting different regions of the central nervous system. The human cerebral cortex is 2–4 mm (0.08–0.16 inches) thick. The surface of the cerebral cortex is folded in large mammals, such that more than two-thirds of the cortical surface is buried in the grooves, called 'sulci. ' The phylogenetically most recent part of the cerebral cortex, the neocortex, also called isocortex, is differentiated into six horizontal layers; the more ancient part of the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus (also called archicortex), has at most three cellular layers, and is divided into subfields. Relative variations in thickness or cell type (among other parameters) allow us to distinguish between different neocortical architectonic fields. The geometry of at least some of these fields seems to be related to the anatomy of the cortical folds, and, for example, layers in the upper part of the cortical ridges seem to be more clearly differentiated than in its deeper parts. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_cortex] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brain cortex" RELATED [BTO:0000233] synonym: "cortex cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_cortex] synonym: "cortex of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [] synonym: "pallium of the brain" RELATED [BTO:0000233] xref: ABA:CTX xref: BM:Tel-Cx xref: BTO:0000233 xref: EFO:0000328 xref: EHDAA2:0000234 xref: EHDAA:5464 xref: EMAPA:17544 xref: EV:0100166 xref: FMA:61830 xref: GAID:629 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Brainmaps-macaque-hippocampus.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Cerebral_Cortex_location.jpg/200px-Cerebral_Cortex_location.jpg xref: MA:0000185 xref: MAT:0000108 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213 xref: MIAA:0000108 xref: ncithesaurus:Cortex xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1494 xref: SCTID:362880003 xref: VHOG:0000722 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004035 ! subplate relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005343 ! cortical plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0000203 {source="ISBN10:0471888893", source="GO"} ! pallium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere property_value: homology_notes "Migration of neurons from the basal or striatal portions of the anterior part of the neural tube occurs to varying degrees in different vertebrate classes, but a true cerebral cortex is generally acknowledged to have made its first appearance in reptiles. The definition can be unambiguous, since 'cortex' simply implies the existence of a surface neuronal layer with an overlying 'zonal lamina' or 'molecular' layer containing dendrites and axons, which is separated from the underlying basal 'matrix' by white matter. Although reptilian cerebral cortex does indeed fulfill these conditions in certain locations, the separation from striatal structures is often indistinct, so that it may even be argued that some primitive dipnoans possess a pallium or cortex. Nevertheless, an extensive laminated layer separated by underlying white matter is well represented only in reptiles and mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000722", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1969.tb20437.x Kruger L, Experimental analyses of the reptilian nervous system. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (1969)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000957 name: lamina def: "Any thin layer or plate." [Wikipedia:Lamina_of_the_vertebral_arch] comment: TODO - merge with cell layer? subset: uberon_slim subset: upper_level xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Laminaarcusvertebrae.png is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0000958 name: medulla def: "Middle part of an organ (as opposed to the cortex)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovary] comment: This class is used in a very general sense subset: upper_level xref: BM:Me xref: FMA:61108 xref: galen:Medulla is_a: UBERON:0000471 ! compound organ component relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001851 ! cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0000959 name: optic chiasma def: "Nerve trunk which is continuous with right and left optic nerves and right and left optic tracts.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chiasma opticum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm] synonym: "chiasma opticum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62045, FMA:TA] synonym: "decussation of optic nerve fibers" EXACT [] synonym: "optic chiasm" EXACT [Wikipedia:Optic_chiasm] xref: AAO:0010622 xref: BM:Tel-OCX xref: EHDAA2:0001302 xref: EHDAA:10227 xref: EMAPA:17603 xref: FMA:62045 xref: GAID:832 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/1543%2CVisalius%27OpticChiasma.jpg/200px-1543%2CVisalius%27OpticChiasma.jpg xref: MA:0001098 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.680.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Chiasm xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1416 xref: SCTID:244453006 xref: TAO:0000556 xref: VHOG:0000190 xref: XAO:0004071 xref: ZFA:0000556 is_a: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000941 ! cranial nerve II relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "The point at which fibers of the optic nerves cross.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010622", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} property_value: homology_notes "The chiasm has been studied in great detail in some animals, while in others relatively little or nothing is known. Although there are some gross architectural features that are conserved within some animals, such as birds and fish, the general picture is one of diversity. This review will attempt to consider the key features of such diversity of chiasmatic organisation in vertebrates and the mechanisms that sculpt them from the limited literature that is available. However, as so much research has been undertaken on the structure and development of the chiasm in laboratory animals, any review must consider the information that has been gleaned from them and hope that future studies will determine whether the features revealed in these animals, and the underlying mechanisms that generate them, have a common vertebrate plan.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000190", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2005.04.005 Jeffery G, Erskine L, Variations in the architecture and development of the vertebrate optic chiasm. Progress in retinal and eye research (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000960 name: obsolete pharyngeal nerve def: "OBSOLETE. Original definition: The pharyngeal nerve (pterygopalatine nerve) is a small branch arising from the posterior part of the pterygopalatine ganglion. It passes through the pharyngeal canal with the pharyngeal branch of the maxillary artery, and is distributed to the mucous membrane of the nasal part of the pharynx, behind the auditory tube. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_nerve] subset: uberon_slim xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray780.png/200px-Gray780.png is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000961 name: thoracic ganglion def: "The thoracic ganglia are paravertebral ganglia. The thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk typically has 12 thoracic ganglia. Emerging from the ganglia are thoracic splancic nerves (the cardiopulmonary, the greater, lesser, and least splanchic nerves) that help provide sympathetic innervation to abdominal structures. Also, the ganglia of the thoracic sympathetic trunk have both white and gray rami communicantes. The white rami carry sympathetic fibers arising in the spinal cord into the sympathetic trunk. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion thoracicum splanchnicum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6471, FMA:TA] synonym: "thoracic paravertebral ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "thoracic splanchnic ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "thoracic sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "thorax ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001831 xref: EHDAA:4664 xref: EMAPA:17158 xref: FMA:6471 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gray849.png/200px-Gray849.png xref: MA:0001159 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Ganglion xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002012 xref: SCTID:181102004 xref: VHOG:0000515 is_a: UBERON:0001807 ! paravertebral ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0000962 name: cervical nerve def: "The cervical nerves are the spinal nerves from the cervical vertebrae. Although there are seven cervical vertebrae (C1-C7), there are eight cervical nerves (C1-C8). All nerves except C8 emerge above their corresponding vertebrae, while the C8 nerve emerges below the C7 vertebra. (In the other portions of the spine, the nerve emerges below the vertebra with the same name. ) Dorsal (posterior) distribution includes the greater occipital (C2) and third occipital (C3). Ventral (anterior) distribution includes the cervical plexus (C1-C4) and brachial plexus (C5-C8) [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cervical nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "cervical spinal nerve" EXACT [] xref: FMA:5859 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray795.png/200px-Gray795.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090207 xref: SCTID:360497008 is_a: UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve is_a: UBERON:0003439 ! nerve of trunk region is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000961 ! thoracic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0000963 name: head sensillum comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FBbt:00004114 xref: MAT:0000204 xref: MIAA:0000204 is_a: UBERON:0002536 ! arthropod sensillum [Term] id: UBERON:0000964 name: cornea def: "transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Together with the lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power." [Wikipedia:Cornea] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cornea of camera-type eye" EXACT [GO:0061303] synonym: "tunica cornea" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010344 xref: BTO:0000286 xref: EFO:0000377 xref: EHDAA2:0000316 xref: EHDAA:10199 xref: EMAPA:17161 xref: EV:0100341 xref: FMA:58238 xref: GAID:892 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000266 xref: MESH:A.09.371.060.217 xref: ncithesaurus:Cornea xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViBa5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181162001 xref: TAO:0000640 xref: VHOG:0000164 xref: XAO:0000180 xref: ZFA:0000640 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001773 ! sclera relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004348 {evidence="definitional"} ! optic eminence relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005427 ! corneal primordium relationship: induced_by UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 {source="MA"} ! anterior segment of eyeball relationship: part_of UBERON:0010409 {source="MA"} ! eye surface [Term] id: UBERON:0000965 name: lens of camera-type eye def: "Transparent part of camera-type eye that helps to refract light to be focused on the retina." [Wikipedia:Lens_(anatomy)] comment: Taxon notes: This class excludes compound eye corneal lenses. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "camera-type eye lens" EXACT [GO:0002088] synonym: "crystalline lens" RELATED [BTO:0000723] synonym: "eye lens" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "lens" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "lens crystallina" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lens_%28anatomy%29] synonym: "ocular lens" RELATED [BTO:0000723] xref: AAO:0010348 xref: BTO:0000723 xref: EHDAA:9057 xref: EMAPA:17838 xref: EV:0100343 xref: FMA:58241 xref: MA:0000275 xref: MAT:0000141 xref: MESH:A.09.371.509 xref: MIAA:0000141 xref: ncithesaurus:Crystalline_Lens xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj0fZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000975 xref: SCTID:181169005 xref: TAO:0000035 xref: VHOG:0000169 xref: XAO:0000008 xref: ZFA:0000035 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005389 ! transparent eye structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003073 ! lens placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle relationship: induced_by UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000169", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nrn2283 Lamb TD, Collin SP and Pugh EN Jr, Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000966 name: retina def: "The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates." [Wikipedia:Retina, ZFIN:curator] comment: Currently this class encompasses only verteberate AOs but could in theory also include cephalopod - we may want to make a more specific class for vertebrate retina. note that this class excludes ommatidial retinas, as the retina must be part of an eyeball. Us the parent class photoreceptor array / light-sensitive tissue for arthropods subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "inner layer of eyeball" EXACT [] synonym: "Netzhaut" RELATED [BTO:0001175] synonym: "retina of camera-type eye" EXACT [GO:0060041] synonym: "tunica interna of eyeball" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010352 xref: BTO:0001175 xref: EFO:0000832 xref: EHDAA2:0001627 xref: EHDAA:4757 xref: EMAPA:17168 xref: EV:0100348 xref: FMA:58301 xref: GAID:755 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png/200px-Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png xref: MA:0000276 xref: MAT:0000142 xref: MESH:A.09.371.729 xref: MIAA:0000142 xref: ncithesaurus:Retina xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1153 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1156 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViTfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181171005 xref: TAO:0000152 xref: VHOG:0000229 xref: XAO:0000009 xref: ZFA:0000152 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005388 ! photoreceptor array relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003072 {source="EHDAA2"} ! optic cup relationship: part_of UBERON:0001802 ! posterior segment of eyeball property_value: external_definition "The portion of the eye developing from the optic primordium and including the neural retina and the retinal pigment layer. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000152", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000229", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nrn2283 Lamb TD, Collin SP and Pugh EN Jr, Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6656 [Term] id: UBERON:0000967 name: obsolete adult thoracic sensillum synonym: "arthropod sensillum of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sensillum of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic sensillum" EXACT [] synonym: "thorax arthropod sensillum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax sensillum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000968 name: obsolete adult abdominal sensillum synonym: "abdomen arthropod sensillum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdomen sensillum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal sensillum" EXACT [] synonym: "arthropod sensillum of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sensillum of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000969 name: obsolete joint connecting hardened body parts is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000970 name: eye def: "An organ that detects light." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Eye] comment: Usage notes: This class encompasses a variety of light-detecting structures from different phyla with no implication of homology, from the compound insect eye to the vertebrate camera-type eye (distinct classes are provided for each). Structure notes: Note that whilst this is classified as an organ, it is in fact more of a unit composed of different structures: in Drosophila, it includes the interommatidial bristle as a part; we consider here the vertebrate eye to include the eyeball/eye proper as a part, with the eye having as parts (when present): eyelids, conjuctiva, subset: functional_classification subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "light-detecting organ" RELATED [] synonym: "photoreceptor" BROAD [] synonym: "visual apparatus" RELATED [EV:0100336] xref: BILA:0000017 xref: BTO:0000439 xref: EFO:0000827 xref: EV:0100336 xref: FBbt:00005162 xref: GAID:69 xref: MAT:0000140 xref: MESH:A.01.456.505.420 xref: MIAA:0000140 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViTvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002104 ! visual system [Term] id: UBERON:0000971 name: ommatidium def: "One of the small facets of the compound eye." [ISBN:3110148986, Wikipedia:Ommatidium] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "omatidium" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001922 xref: FBbt:00004510 xref: HAO:0000666 xref: MAT:0000143 xref: MIAA:0000143 is_a: UBERON:0002536 ! arthropod sensillum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000018 ! compound eye [Term] id: UBERON:0000972 name: antenna def: "The paired, usually multiple jointed, sensory organs articulating on the procephalic region of the head capsule; its highly versatile sensory structures are capable to detect the various environmental stimuli. In the context of Drosophila refers to they are the most anterior segmented sensory appendage of the head." [FB:gg, ISBN:3110148986, Wikipedia:Antenna_(biology)] comment: Editor notes: this term should be ceded to the arthropod anatomy ontology subset: uberon_slim synonym: "feeler" RELATED [BTO:0000074] xref: AEO:0000198 xref: BTO:0000074 xref: EFO:0000874 xref: FBbt:00004511 xref: HAO:0000101 xref: MAT:0000086 xref: MIAA:0000086 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjSAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TGMA:0000007 is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0000973 name: obsolete labrum is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0000974 name: neck def: "Subdivision of body proper, which consists of a maximal set of diverse subclasses of organ and organ part spatially associated with the cervical vertebral coumn, it is partially surrounded by skin of neck. Examples: There is only one neck[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Neck] comment: Usage notes: true necks are considered to be present when the pectoral girdle is separate from the skull - Tiktaalik is the earliest known fish to have a true neck. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "collum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neck] synonym: "neck (volume)" RELATED [FMA:7155] xref: AEO:0000108 xref: BTO:0000420 xref: EFO:0000967 xref: EHDAA2:0003108 xref: FMA:7155 xref: GAID:86 xref: galen:Neck xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Female_neck.jpg/200px-Female_neck.jpg xref: MA:0000024 xref: MAT:0000297 xref: MESH:A.01.598 xref: MIAA:0000297 xref: ncithesaurus:Neck xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjLF5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302550007 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region relationship: posteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0002100 ! trunk property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:32443 {source="ISBN:9780674021839"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000975 name: sternum def: "A midventral endochondral skeletal element which represents the origin site of the pectoral muscles[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Sternum] comment: Development notes: While its developmental origins are similar to the ribs (from the myospetum and septum of the trunk region), it is often associated with the pectoral skeleton, due to both function and physical connections (i.e. the coracoid of archosaurs). It may be a single element or a series of smaller structure (sternebrae). Based on Kardong 2012. [ad]. Editor note: in EMAPA and EHDAA2 this is part of the skeleton of pectoral girdle; the classic def of pectoral girdle (see WP) excludes the rib cage and sternum. Taxon notes: It probably first evolved in early tetrapods as an extension of the pectoral girdle; it is not found in fish. In amphibians and reptiles it is typically a shield-shaped structure, often composed entirely of cartilage. It is absent in both turtles and snakes. In birds it is a relatively large bone and typically bears an enormous projecting keel to which the flight muscles are attached. Only in mammals does the sternum take on the elongated, segmented form seen in humans. In some mammals, such as opossums, the individual segments never fuse and remain separated by cartilagenous plates throughout life[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "breastbone" RELATED [BTO:0001302] synonym: "vertebrate sternum" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000765 xref: BTO:0001302 xref: EHDAA2:0001914 xref: EHDAA:9561 xref: EMAPA:18344 xref: FMA:7485 xref: GAID:246 xref: galen:Sternum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Illu_thoracic_cage.jpg/200px-Illu_thoracic_cage.jpg xref: MA:0001331 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.904.766 xref: ncithesaurus:Sternum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjO6JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302522007 xref: VHOG:0000856 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005181 ! thoracic segment organ is_a: UBERON:0010363 {source="Kardong"} ! endochondral element relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002228 ! rib relationship: connected_to UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle relationship: connected_to UBERON:0008255 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! right clavicle relationship: connected_to UBERON:0008256 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! left clavicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0003252 {source="FMA"} ! rib cage property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of postzonal element (AAO:0000938)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000765", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Single element that constitutes the postzonal area of the pectoral girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000765", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Fishes lack a sternum. (...) A sternum is absent in the first fossil tetrapods, but it is present in modern amphibians. (...) Thus, a sternum occurs in some modern amphibians, birds, mammals and archosaurs. However, its absence in the common ancestors to these groups means that it has arisen independently several times within the field of the midventral connective tissue.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000856", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.294", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8570 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000976 name: humerus def: "Paired long bones of endochondral origin that extend from the pectoral girdle to the elbows[AAO, modified]." [AAO:0000679, Wikipedia:Humerus] comment: homologous to proximal metapterygial mesomere [Hall 2007] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "humeri" EXACT PLURAL [PHENOSCAPE:ad] synonym: "humerus bone" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000679 xref: EFO:0001398 xref: EMAPA:18468 xref: EMAPA:19106 xref: FMA:13303 xref: GAID:183 xref: galen:Humerus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg/200px-Illu_upper_extremity.jpg xref: MA:0001356 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087.412 xref: ncithesaurus:Humerus xref: SCTID:181923006 xref: VHOG:0001158 xref: XAO:0003210 is_a: UBERON:0003607 ! forelimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0004250 ! upper arm bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006245 {evidence="definitional"} ! humerus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 {source="FMA"} ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 {source="FMA"} ! forelimb stylopod relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle property_value: external_definition "Paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that extend from the pectoral girdle to the elbows.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000679", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001158", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000977 name: pleura def: "The delicate serous membrane that lines each half of the thorax of mammals and is folded back over the surface of the lung of the same side[BTO]." [Wikipedia:Pleura] comment: In mouse, is_a cavity lining. In FMA, is_a (viscous) serous membrane (which includes mesothelium plus connective tissue). Note the MA structure should probably be associated with the mesothelium of pleura in FMA. See https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/86 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pleura" RELATED [] synonym: "pleural tissue" RELATED [BTO:0001791] synonym: "wall of pleural sac" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001791 xref: EFO:0001980 xref: EV:0100044 xref: FMA:9583 xref: GAID:360 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Gray965.png/200px-Gray965.png xref: MA:0000433 xref: MESH:A.04.716 xref: ncithesaurus:Pleural_Tissue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv3zwLZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181609007 xref: VHOG:0000394 is_a: UBERON:0000042 {source="MESH"} ! serous membrane is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0009778 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009778 ! pleural sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0009778 ! pleural sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0009778 {source="FMA"} ! pleural sac relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity property_value: external_definition "The serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the pleural cavity. [Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.264][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000394", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000978 name: leg def: "The portion of the hindlimb that contains both the stylopod and zeugopod." [Wikipedia:Leg#Limb] comment: The term leg can mean: [1] an appendage on which an animal walks [2] the entire hindlimb of a tetrapod [3] the segment of a human leg between knee and ankle (cf FMA) [4] the region of a hindlimb include the stylopod and zeugopod, but excluding the autopod. We define this class as [4], and thus 'leg' is compltely analagous to 'arm'. For [1], see the class 'locomotive weight-bearing appendage'. For [2] we use 'hindlimb'. For [3] we use the less open to misinterpretation 'hindlimb zeugopod'. Editor note: currently declared as overlapping foot, as AOs disagree over whether some ankle parts are in the leg or foot subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lower extremity" RELATED [MESH:A.01.378.610] synonym: "tetrapod leg" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000721 xref: EFO:0001411 xref: EHDAA2:0000972 xref: EHDAA:5151 xref: EHDAA:6176 xref: EHDAA:8289 xref: EMAPA:17489 xref: GAID:49 xref: MA:0000047 xref: MESH:A.01.378.610 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViYzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0000345 is_a: UBERON:0006058 ! multi-limb segment region relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001464 ! hip property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000345", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000979 name: tibia def: "The major preaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Tibia] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "shankbone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tibia] synonym: "shinbone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tibia] xref: AAO:0000890 xref: BTO:0001252 xref: EFO:0003054 xref: EMAPA:19142 xref: FMA:24476 xref: GAID:204 xref: galen:Tibia xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Gray260.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Gray260.png/200px-Gray260.png xref: MA:0001361 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.500.883 xref: ncithesaurus:Tibia xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtq3-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182061009 is_a: UBERON:0003608 ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0004251 ! lower leg bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010849 ! tibia cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton property_value: external_definition "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the hind-epipodium; it is a straight, simple bone whose section is more or less rectangular at the ends and circular at its central portion.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000890", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000980 name: trochanter def: "bony prominences near the upper extremity of the femur; there are two in human (greater and lesser trochanters) and three in many other mammalian species (greater, lesser and third); these normally serve as attachment points for hip and thigh muscles[MP]" [Wikipedia:Trochanter] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "femoral trochanter" EXACT [AAO:0000897] synonym: "trochanter of femur" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000897 xref: FMA:82513 xref: MA:0002821 xref: ncithesaurus:Trochanter xref: SCTID:182047004 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 {source="MA"} ! femur property_value: external_definition "Process on the ventral surface of the shaft of the femur.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000897", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000981 name: femur def: "Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium skeleton.[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0000186, Wikipedia:Femur] comment: homologous to proximal metapterygial mesomere [Hall 2007]. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "femoral bone" RELATED [BTO:0001284] synonym: "os femorale" RELATED [BTO:0001284] synonym: "os femoris" RELATED [BTO:0001284] synonym: "os femoris, os longissimum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femur] synonym: "thigh bone" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000889 xref: BTO:0001284 xref: EFO:0001396 xref: EMAPA:18514 xref: EMAPA:19143 xref: FMA:9611 xref: GAID:199 xref: galen:Femur xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Gray252.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Gray252.png/200px-Gray252.png xref: MA:0001359 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.500.247 xref: ncithesaurus:Femur xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjOJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182046008 xref: VHOG:0001159 xref: VSAO:0000186 xref: XAO:0003214 is_a: UBERON:0003608 ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0003826 ! upper leg bone is_a: UBERON:0008202 {source="MA"} ! bone of hip region relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000979 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! tibia relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001272 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! innominate bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002446 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! patella relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010129 {evidence="definitional"} ! femur cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 {source="FMA"} ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 {source="FMA"} ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle property_value: external_definition "Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000186", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:NI"} property_value: external_definition "Paired, elongate, cylindrical bones of endochondral origin that form the thighs, extending from the pelvic girdles to the knees.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000889", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001159", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000982 name: skeletal joint def: "Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent skeletal structures, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000101, Wikipedia:Joint] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "articular joint" RELATED [BTO:0001686] synonym: "articulation" BROAD [VSAO:0000101] synonym: "joint" BROAD [FMA:7490, VSAO:0000101] xref: AEO:0000182 xref: BTO:0001686 xref: EFO:0000948 xref: EMAPA:19204 xref: FMA:7490 xref: GAID:102 xref: galen:Joint xref: MA:0000319 xref: MAT:0000188 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583 xref: MIAA:0000188 xref: ncithesaurus:Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjdpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003182 xref: SCTID:302536002 xref: TAO:0000367 xref: VHOG:0001276 xref: VSAO:0000101 xref: XAO:0000171 xref: ZFA:0001596 is_a: UBERON:0004905 ! articulation union_of: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint union_of: UBERON:0011134 ! nonsynovial joint disjoint_from: UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element relationship: part_of UBERON:0004770 ! articular system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000101", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster which consists of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000367", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:pem"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000983 name: metatarsus region comment: Note that mammalian and non-mammalian AOs differ in whether they consider this a part of the skeleton subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hind metapodium" EXACT [AAO:0000221, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/metapodial, MA:th] synonym: "metatarsal part of foot" EXACT [FMA:24997] synonym: "metatarsal region" EXACT [FMA:24997] synonym: "metatarsus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metatarsus] synonym: "ossa metatarsalia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metatarsus] synonym: "regio metatarsalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24997, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:24997 xref: MA:0000049 xref: SCTID:280711000 is_a: UBERON:0008784 ! lower limb segment is_a: UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0000984 name: imaginal disc-derived wing def: "A flight organ of the adult external thorax that is derived from a dorsal mesothoracic disc." [FB:gg] comment: TODO: review. hymenoptera thorax = fusion of thorax and mesosoma/metasoma subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adult mesothoracic wing" RELATED [] synonym: "adult metathoracic wing" RELATED [] synonym: "thoracic wing" RELATED [] synonym: "thorax wing" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wing" BROAD SENSU [FBbt:00004729] synonym: "wing of thorax" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] xref: FBbt:00004729 xref: HAO:0001089 xref: TGMA:0000196 is_a: UBERON:0000023 ! wing relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000939 intersection_of: UBERON:0000023 ! wing intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000939 ! imaginal disc relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000939 ! imaginal disc [Term] id: UBERON:0000985 name: axillary vein def: "In human anatomy, the axillary vein is a large blood vessel that conveys blood from the lateral aspect of the thorax, axilla (armpit) and upper limb toward the heart. There is one axillary vein on each side of the body. Its origin is at the lower margin of the teres major muscle and a continuation of the brachial vein. Its tributaries include the basilic vein and cephalic vein, which are both superficial veins. It terminates at the lateral margin of the first rib, at which it becomes the subclavian vein. It is accompanied along its course by a similarly named artery, the axillary artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Axillary_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "subcostal vein" RELATED [] synonym: "vena axillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_vein] xref: EMAPA:18758 xref: FMA:13329 xref: GAID:527 xref: galen:AxillaryVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray576.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/200px-Gray576.png xref: MA:0002084 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.077 xref: ncithesaurus:Axillary_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwLSHK5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181389002 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003233 ! epithelium of shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0000987 name: haltere def: "The capitate stalk on both sides of the thorax having developed from the dorsal metathoracic wing-buds, it is freely movable and capable of vibration, representing the hind wing of Diptera; used for flight balance." [FB:gg, ISBN:3110148986, Wikipedia:Haltere] comment: Editor notes: this term should be ceded to the arthropod anatomy ontology subset: uberon_slim synonym: "balancer organ" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0000886 xref: FBbt:00004783 xref: MAT:0000203 xref: MIAA:0000203 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwL1JcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000939 ! imaginal disc relationship: part_of UBERON:0000914 ! organismal segment [Term] id: UBERON:0000988 name: pons def: "Brainstrem structure that has as its parts the pontine tegmentum and basal part of pons[FMA]." [FMA:67943, Wikipedia:Pons] comment: The pons is not present in zebrafish. In this ontology we currently have some structures which are applicable to zebrafish appearing as parts of the pons. Currently we only include the weaker dubious_for_taxon relationship ubtil this is resolved subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pons of Varolius" EXACT [] synonym: "pons Varolii" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Pons_Varolii] xref: ABA:P xref: BM:Pons xref: BTO:0001101 xref: EFO:0001394 xref: EHDAA2:0004394 xref: EMAPA:17563 xref: EV:0100253 xref: FMA:67943 xref: GAID:578 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray768.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Gray768.png/200px-Gray768.png xref: MA:0000204 xref: MAT:0000115 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428.600 xref: MIAA:0000115 xref: ncithesaurus:Pons_Varolii xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_733 xref: SCTID:279103004 xref: VHOG:0001176 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 property_value: external_definition "The part of the central nervous system lying between the medulla oblongata and the midbrain, ventral to the cerebellum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001176", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pons"} property_value: homology_notes "During the embryonic development of birds and mammals, neuroblasts migrate from the cerebellum into the ventral part of the rhombencephalon and differentiate into pontine and other nuclei, which relay information from between the cerebrum and cerebellum, and a conspicuous band of transverse fibers. This region is known as the pons. A pons does not differentiate in reptiles and anamniotes (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001176", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.474", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001896 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000989 name: penis def: "The penis (plural penises, penes) is an external sexual organ of certain biologically male organisms, in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The penis is a reproductive organ, technically an intromittent organ, and for placental mammals, additionally serves as the external organ of urination. The penis is generally found on mammals and reptiles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Penis] comment: Most male birds (e.g., roosters and turkeys) have a cloaca (also present on the female), but not a penis. Among bird species with a penis are paleognathes (tinamous and ratites), Anatidae (ducks, geese and swans), and a very few other species (such as flamingoes). A bird penis is different in structure from mammal penises, being an erectile expansion of the cloacal wall and being erected by lymph, not blood. It is usually partially feathered and in some species features spines and brush-like filaments, and in flaccid state curls up inside the cloaca[WP] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "phallus" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000405 xref: EFO:0000987 xref: EHDAA2:0001433 xref: EHDAA:9380 xref: EMAPA:18682 xref: EMAPA:18996 xref: EV:0100107 xref: FMA:9707 xref: GAID:389 xref: galen:Penis xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Labelled_flaccid_penis.jpg/200px-Labelled_flaccid_penis.jpg xref: MA:0000408 xref: MAT:0000186 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.492 xref: MIAA:0000186 xref: ncithesaurus:Penis xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjkCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:265793009 xref: VHOG:0000727 is_a: UBERON:0008811 {source="Wikipedia"} ! intromittent organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004876 {source="Wikipedia"} ! urogenital ridge relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005876 {source="EHDAA2"} ! undifferentiated genital tubercle [Term] id: UBERON:0000990 name: reproductive system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction." [Wikipedia:Reproductive_system] comment: Editor notes: consider splitting genitalia from reproductive system subset: functional_classification subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "animal reproductive system" RELATED [BTO:0000081] synonym: "genital system" RELATED [] synonym: "genitalia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "Geschlechtsorgan" RELATED [BTO:0000081] synonym: "organa genitalia" RELATED [BTO:0000081] synonym: "reproductive tissue" RELATED [BTO:0000081] synonym: "systemata genitalia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Reproductive_system] xref: AAO:0010258 xref: BILA:0000103 xref: BTO:0000081 xref: EFO:0000809 xref: EHDAA2:0001603 xref: EHDAA:5923 xref: EMAPA:17381 xref: EV:0100100 xref: FBbt:00004857 xref: FMA:7160 xref: GAID:363 xref: HAO:0000374 xref: HAO:0000895 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Penis.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Penis.svg/200px-Penis.svg.png xref: MA:0000326 xref: MIAA:0000305 xref: ncithesaurus:Reproductive_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVja4ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278875001 xref: TAO:0000632 xref: VHOG:0000182 xref: WBbt:0005747 xref: XAO:0000142 xref: ZFA:0000632 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system which consists of organs and tissues associated with sexual reproduction of the organism.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010258", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "Arguably, one of the most important aspects of urbilaterian organogenesis would have been gonadogenesis, since Urbilateria must have successfully generated gametes and developed a strategy for extrusion and fertilization, in order to be the ancestor of all living Bilateria.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000182", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:21672850 Extavour CGM, Gray anatomy: phylogenetic patterns of somatic gonad structures and reproductive strategies across Bilateria. Integrative and Comparative Biology (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000991 name: gonad def: "Reproductive organ that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis)." [ISBN:0140512888, Wikipedia:Gonad, ZFA:0000413, ZFIN:curator] comment: FMA xref is a 'general anatomical term' subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "gonada" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000213 xref: BILA:0000123 xref: BTO:0000534 xref: EMAPA:16857 xref: EMAPA:17383 xref: FBbt:00004858 xref: FMA:18250 xref: GAID:368 xref: HAO:0000379 xref: MA:0002420 xref: MESH:A.05.360.576 xref: ncithesaurus:Gonad xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQvdiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:304623008 xref: TAO:0000413 xref: VHOG:0000397 xref: WBbt:0005175 xref: XAO:0003146 xref: ZFA:0000413 is_a: UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005564 ! gonad primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which produces gametes as well as certain sex hormones controlled by the pituitary gonadotropins.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000213", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The part of the reproductive system that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000413", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000397", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.042308.13350 DeFalco T, Capel B, Gonad morphogenesis in vertebrates: divergent means to a convergent end. Annual review of cell and developmental biology (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000992 name: female gonad def: "Ovum-producing female reproductive organ." [Wikipedia:Ovary] comment: Ovaries of some kind are found in the female reproductive system of many animals that employ sexual reproduction, including invertebrates. However, they develop in a very different way in most invertebrates than they do in vertebrates, and are not truly homologous. Many of the features found in human ovaries are common to all vertebrates, including the presence of follicular cells, tunica albuginea, and so on. However, many species produce a far greater number of eggs during their lifetime than do humans, so that, in fish and amphibians, there may be hundreds, or even millions of fertile eggs present in the ovary at any given time. In these species, fresh eggs may be developing from the germinal epithelium throughout life. Corpora lutea are found only in mammals, and in some elasmobranch fish; in other species, the remnants of the follicle are quickly resorbed by the ovary. In birds, reptiles, and monotremes, the egg is relatively large, filling the follicle, and distorting the shape of the ovary at maturity. Amphibians and reptiles have no ovarian medulla; the central part of the ovary is a hollow, lymph-filled space. The ovary of teleosts is also often hollow, but in this case, the eggs are shed into the cavity, which opens into the oviduct. Although most normal female vertebrates have two ovaries, this is not the case in all species. In birds and platypuses, the right ovary never matures, so that only the left is functional. In some elasmobranchs, the reverse is true, with only the right ovary fully developing. In the primitive jawless fish, and some teleosts, there is only one ovary, formed by the fusion of the paired organs in the embryo[WP]. subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "female organism genitalia gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female organism genitalia gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female organism reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female organism reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "genitalia of female organism gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "genitalia of female organism gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of female organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of female organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of genitalia of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of reproductive system of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of female organism genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of female organism reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of genitalia of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of reproductive system of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ovaries" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "ovarium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ovary] synonym: "ovary" EXACT [] synonym: "ovum-producing ovary" EXACT SENSU [GO:0061039] synonym: "reproductive system of female organism gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reproductive system of female organism gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0000371 xref: BILA:0000125 xref: BTO:0000975 xref: EHDAA2:0001360 xref: EHDAA:8124 xref: EMAPA:17962 xref: EV:0100111 xref: FBbt:00004865 xref: FMA:7209 xref: GAID:367 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Gray589.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png xref: MA:0000384 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.114.630 xref: MIAA:0000125 xref: ncithesaurus:Ovary xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi9QJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181464007 xref: TAO:0000403 xref: VHOG:0000251 xref: XAO:0000258 xref: ZFA:0000403 is_a: UBERON:0000991 ! gonad is_a: UBERON:0003134 ! female reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 intersection_of: UBERON:0000991 ! gonad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system disjoint_from: UBERON:0009117 ! indifferent gonad relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009117 ! indifferent gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass gonad (TAO:0000413) CHANGED TO: develops_from gonad (UBERON:0000991)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000403", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Either of paired female reproductive organs involved in production of ova and female sex hormones.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000371", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Female reproductive organ.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000403", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) while it is likely that Urbilateria lacked a complex somatic reproductive system, it is at present impossible to speculate on whether or not it possessed a true gonad, let alone any other somatic adaptations for reproduction (reference 1); Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved (reference 2).[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000251", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1093/icb/icm052 Extavour CGM, Gray anatomy: phylogenetic patterns of somatic gonad structures and reproductive strategies across the Bilateria. Integrative and Comparative Biology (2007), DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.042308.13350 DeFalco T and Capel B, Gonad morphogenesis in vertebrates: divergent means to a convergent end. Annual review of cell and developmental biology (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000993 name: oviduct def: "passage from the ovaries to the outside of the body[Wikipedia:Oviduct]." [Wikipedia:Oviduct] comment: note that the more specific class fallopian tube is included, which has mammal-specific relationships subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "salpinx" RELATED [BTO:0000980] synonym: "tuba uterina" RELATED [BTO:0000980] synonym: "tuba uterinae" RELATED [BTO:0000980] synonym: "uterine tube" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010533 xref: BTO:0000980 xref: EFO:0000974 xref: EMAPA:18984 xref: GAID:366 xref: MAT:0000126 xref: MESH:A.13.706 xref: MIAA:0000126 xref: ncithesaurus:Oviduct xref: TAO:0000560 xref: VHOG:0001136 xref: XAO:0003052 xref: ZFA:0000560 is_a: UBERON:0000025 ! tube is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system property_value: external_definition "A passage through which ova leave the maternal body or pass to an organ communicating with the exterior of the body. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001136", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oviduct"} property_value: homology_notes "In all remaining vertebrates (i.e., coelacanths, lungfishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals), the oviduct arises in ontogeny as a longitudinal, groovelike invagination of the coelomic epithelium on the lateral surface of the mesonephros.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001136", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.687-688", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000994 name: spermathecum def: "an organ of the female reproductive tract in insects, some molluscs, oligochaeta worms and certain other invertebrates and vertebrates.[1] Its purpose is to receive and store sperm from the male, and can sometimes be the site of fertilization when the oocytes are ready.[2] Some species have multiple spermathecae, as seen in earthworms, where four pairs of spermathecae are present. One pair in 6,7,8 and 9 segments. They receive and store the spermatozoa of another earthworm during copulation.[3] They are lined with epithelium and are variable in shape; some are thin, heavily coiled tubes, others are vague outpocketings from the main reproductive tract. It is one of the many variations in sexual reproduction[WP]. an accordion-like tube that contains sperm and is the site of oocyte fertilization." [Wikipedia:Spermatheca] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "receptaculum seminis" RELATED [BTO:0001273] synonym: "seminal receptacle" RELATED [] synonym: "spermatheca" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: BTO:0001273 xref: EFO:0000977 xref: FBbt:00004921 xref: HAO:0000945 xref: MAT:0000168 xref: MIAA:0000168 xref: TGMA:0000560 xref: WBbt:0005319 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0000995 name: uterus def: "a major female hormone-responsive reproductive sex organ of most mammals including humans. One end, the cervix, opens into the vagina, while the other is connected to one or both fallopian tubes, depending on the species. It is within the uterus that the fetus develops during gestation, usually developing completely in placental mammals such as humans and partially in marsupials such as kangaroos and opossums. Two uteruses usually form initially in a female fetus, and in placental mammals they may partially or completely fuse into a single uterus depending on the species. In many species with two uteruses, only one is functional. Humans and other higher primates such as chimpanzees, along with horses, usually have a single completely fused uterus, although in some individuals the uteruses may not have completely fused[WP]." [Wikipedia:Uterus] comment: Most animals that lay eggs, such as birds and reptiles, have an oviduct instead of a uterus. In monotremes, mammals which lay eggs and include the platypus, either the term uterus or oviduct is used to describe the same organ, but the egg does not develop a placenta within the mother and thus does not receive further nourishment after formation and fertilization. Marsupials have two uteruses, each of which connect to a lateral vagina and which both use a third, middle "vagina" which functions as the birth canal. Marsupial embryos form a choriovitelline "placenta" (which can be thought of as something between a monotreme egg and a "true" placenta), in which the egg's yolk sac supplies a large part of the embryo's nutrition but also attaches to the uterine wall and takes nutrients from the mother's bloodstream. subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "womb" RELATED [BTO:0001424] xref: BTO:0001424 xref: EFO:0000975 xref: EMAPA:29915 xref: EV:0100113 xref: FMA:17558 xref: GAID:172 xref: galen:Uterus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Female_reproductive_system_lateral_nolabel.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png xref: MA:0000389 xref: MAT:0000127 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.679 xref: MIAA:0000127 xref: ncithesaurus:Uterus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViojJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181452004 xref: VHOG:0001137 is_a: UBERON:0003975 ! internal female genitalia relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005795 ! embryonic uterus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system property_value: external_definition "The hollow muscular organ in female mammals in which the blastocyst normally becomes embedded and in which the developing embryo and fetus is nourished. Its cavity opens into the vagina below and into a uterine tube on either side. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001137", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/uterus"} property_value: homology_notes "An infundibulum, uterine tube, uterus, and vagina also differentiate along the oviducts of eutherian mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001137", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.678", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000996 name: vagina def: "a fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles[WP]. Organ with organ cavity which connects the cervical canal of uterus to the vestibule of vagina.[FMA]" [FMA:19949, Wikipedia:Vagina] comment: Taxon notes (via vHOG): "The distal end of the oviducts differentiates as a vagina in Metatheria and Eutheria." Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.688 subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0000243 xref: EFO:0000976 xref: EMAPA:18986 xref: EV:0100117 xref: FMA:19949 xref: GAID:381 xref: galen:Vagina xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Illu_repdt_female.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Vaginal_opening_-_english_description.jpg/200px-Vaginal_opening_-_english_description.jpg xref: MA:0000394 xref: MAT:0000128 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.779 xref: MIAA:0000128 xref: ncithesaurus:Vagina xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj1B5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181441005 xref: VHOG:0001138 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003975 ! internal female genitalia relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000164 {source="Wikipedia"} ! primitive urogenital sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system property_value: external_definition "The genital canal in the female, leading from the opening of the vulva to the cervix of the uterus. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001138", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/vagina"} property_value: homology_notes "The distal end of the oviducts differentiates as a vagina in Metatheria and Eutheria.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001138", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.688", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000997 name: mammalian vulva def: "external genital organs of the female mammal[WP]." [Wikipedia:Vulva] comment: editor note: todo - add pudendum subset: uberon_slim synonym: "female pudendum" EXACT [BTO:0003101] synonym: "female pudendum" EXACT [FMA:20462] synonym: "mammalian vulva" EXACT [] synonym: "puboperineal region" EXACT [FMA:20462] synonym: "pudendum femininum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:20462, FMA:TA] synonym: "pudendum femininum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vulva] synonym: "skin of female pudendum" EXACT [] synonym: "skin of vulva" EXACT [] synonym: "vulva" EXACT [MA:0000395] xref: BTO:0003101 xref: EFO:0000978 xref: EV:0100118 xref: FMA:20462 xref: GAID:383 xref: galen:Vulva xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Female_unshaved_genitalia.jpg xref: MA:0000395 xref: MAT:0000169 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.887 xref: MIAA:0000169 xref: ncithesaurus:Vulva xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvgAWeJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:265796001 xref: VHOG:0001458 is_a: UBERON:0005056 {source="BTO"} ! external female genitalia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system property_value: external_definition "The external genital organs of the female, including the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vestibule of the vagina. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001458", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/vulva"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000998 name: seminal vesicle def: "Either of a pair of glandular pouches that lie one on either side of the male reproductive tract and in the human male secrete a sugar- and protein-containing fluid into the ejaculatory duct." [BTO:0001234, Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle] comment: Function notes: The seminal vesicles secrete a significant proportion of the fluid that ultimately becomes semen. Lipofuscin granules from dead epithelial cells give the secretion its yellowish color. About 50-70%[2] of the seminal fluid in humans originates from the seminal vesicles, but is not expelled in the first ejaculate fractions which are dominated by spermatozoa and zinc-rich prostatic fluid. subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glandula seminalis" RELATED [BTO:0001234] synonym: "glandula vesiculosa" RELATED [BTO:0001234] synonym: "gon_male_sves" RELATED [] synonym: "seminal gland" BROAD [] synonym: "vas efferens" RELATED [] synonym: "vesicul%c3%a6 seminales" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle] synonym: "vesicula seminalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle] synonym: "vesicula seminalis" RELATED [BTO:0001234] synonym: "vesiculae seminales" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle] synonym: "vesicular gland" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle] synonym: "vesicular glands" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle] synonym: "vesicular seminalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle] synonym: "vesiculæ seminales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Seminal_vesicle] xref: AAO:0010788 xref: BTO:0001234 xref: EFO:0000986 xref: EMAPA:19180 xref: EV:0100106 xref: FMA:19386 xref: GAID:394 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Male_anatomy_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Male_anatomy_en.svg/200px-Male_anatomy_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000410 xref: MAT:0000171 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.713 xref: MIAA:0000171 xref: ncithesaurus:Seminal_Vesicle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwTtRpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181434004 xref: VHOG:0001379 is_a: UBERON:0006868 ! seminal fluid secreting gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: secretes UBERON:0010143 ! seminal vesicle fluid property_value: external_definition "Either of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001379", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/prominence"} property_value: homology_notes " (In mammalian testis) Along the way (the sperm travel), three accessory sex glands, the seminal vesicle, prostate, and bulbourethral (Cowper's) gland, respectively, add their secretions as sperm move from the testes to the urethra.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001379", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.556", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0000999 name: ejaculatory duct def: "The Ejaculatory ducts (ductus ejaculatorii) are paired structures in male anatomy, about 2 cm in length. Each ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle. They pass through the prostate, and empty into the urethra at the Colliculus seminalis. During ejaculation, semen passes through the ducts and exits the body via the penis[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ejaculatory_duct] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus ejaculatorii" EXACT PLURAL [BTO:0001580] synonym: "ductus ejaculatorii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ejaculatory_duct] synonym: "ductus ejaculatorius" EXACT [BTO:0001580] xref: BTO:0001580 xref: EFO:0000985 xref: EMAPA:19088 xref: FMA:19325 xref: GAID:388 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Male_anatomy.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Male_anatomy.png/200px-Male_anatomy.png xref: MAT:0000170 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.251 xref: MIAA:0000170 xref: ncithesaurus:Ejaculatory_Duct xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOt7MJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279665005 is_a: UBERON:0005904 ! duct of male reproductive system relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001968 ! semen relationship: channel_for UBERON:0010143 ! seminal vesicle fluid relationship: channels_from UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens relationship: channels_into UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0001000 name: vas deferens def: "duct that transports sperm from the testis. In mammals this is from the epididymis." [Wikipedia:Vas_deferens] comment: Taxon notes (from WP): Most vertebrates have some form of duct to transfer the sperm from the testes to the urethra. In cartilaginous fish and amphibians, sperm is carried through the archinephric duct, which also partially helps to transport urine from the kidneys. In teleosts, there is a distinct sperm duct, separate from the ureters, and often called the vas deferens, although probably not truly homologous with that in humans. In cartilaginous fishes, the part of the archinephric duct closest to the testis is coiled up to form an epididymis. Below this are a number of small glands secreting components of the seminal fluid. The final portion of the duct also receives ducts from the kidneys in most species. In amniotes, however, the archinephric duct has become a true vas deferens, and is used only for conducting sperm, never urine. As in cartilaginous fish, the upper part of the duct forms the epididymis. In many species, the vas deferens ends in a small sac for storing sperm. The only vertebrates to lack any structure resembling a vas deferens are the primitive jawless fishes, which release sperm directly into the body cavity, and then into the surrounding water through a simple opening in the body wall. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "deferent duct" EXACT [] synonym: "ductus deferens" EXACT [Wikipedia:Vas_deferens] synonym: "sperm duct" RELATED [] synonym: "vas deferen" EXACT [] synonym: "vasa deferentia" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001427 xref: EFO:0000981 xref: EMAPA:18681 xref: EV:0100105 xref: FMA:19234 xref: GAID:404 xref: galen:VasDeferens xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Male_anatomy_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Male_anatomy_en.svg/200px-Male_anatomy_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000413 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.930 xref: MIAA:0000129 xref: ncithesaurus:Vas_Deferens xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvjv7bpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245467009 xref: VHOG:0001135 is_a: UBERON:0005904 ! duct of male reproductive system relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001968 ! semen relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis relationship: channels_into UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0005352 {source="FMA"} ! spermatic cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0006947 ! male genital duct property_value: homology_notes "The continuation of the archinephric duct, now called the deferent duct, extends caudally to the cloaca or to the part of the mammalian urethra that is derived from the cloaca.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001135", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.670", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001001 name: chitin-based cuticle alt_id: UBERON:FBbt_00004970 def: "The main structural component of arthropod cuticle is a polysaccharide, chitin, composed of N-acetylglucosamine units, together with proteins and lipids[WP]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3348965&group_id=36855&atid=440764, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Cuticle#Invertebrate_zoology] comment: TODO - split from exoskeleton? Also: See above sf item to see if this belongs in GO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arthropod cuticle" RELATED [] synonym: "cuticle" NARROW [FBbt:00004970] synonym: "exoskeleton" BROAD [] synonym: "insect cuticle" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0000944 xref: FBbt:00004970 xref: HAO:0000240 xref: MAT:0000150 xref: MIAA:0000150 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkBTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0001002 ! cuticle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007376 ! outer epithelial layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system [Term] id: UBERON:0001002 name: cuticle def: "tough but flexible, non-mineral outer coverings of an organism, or parts of an organism, that provide protection. Cuticles are non-homologous, differing in their origin, structure and chemical composition[WP]." [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3348965&group_id=36855&atid=440764, Wikipedia:Cuticle] comment: TODO - check cuticle vs exoskeleton. Note that GO has a very generic definition of cuticle. See also arthropod-anatomy ontology. Note in ncit Cuticle is a plant part subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuticula" RELATED [BTO:0001600] xref: BTO:0001600 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0004882 ! eponychium [Term] id: UBERON:0001003 name: epidermis def: "The outer layer of the skin[WP]. cellular, multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm[ZFA]." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Epidermis_(skin)] comment: Zebrafish epidermis consists only of living cells unlike terrestrial vertebrates in which dead, keratinized cells are present. In terrestrial vertebrates the epidermis often forms an outer keratinized or cornified layer, the stratum corneum. Interaction between the epideris and dermis gives rise to feathers (birds), hair and mammary glands (mammals), teeth and scales (placoid: chondrichthyans; cosmoids, ganoid, cycloid in bony fishes). subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "adult epidermis" EXACT [] synonym: "skin" BROAD [] synonym: "vertebrate epidermis" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000143 xref: BTO:0000404 xref: EFO:0000954 xref: EV:0100153 xref: FMA:70596 xref: GAID:932 xref: MA:0000153 xref: MAT:0000154 xref: MESH:A.10.272.497 xref: MIAA:0000154 xref: ncithesaurus:Epidermis xref: SCTID:361694003 xref: TAO:0000105 xref: VHOG:0000077 xref: XAO:0000028 xref: ZFA:0000105 is_a: UBERON:0007376 ! outer epithelial layer is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0003055 ! periderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007383 ! enveloping layer of ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass external integument structures (AAO:0000961)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000143", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "A cellular, multilayered epithelium derived from the ectoderm. Zebrafish epidermis consists only of living cells unlike terrestrial vertebrates in which dead, keratinized cells are present. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000105", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The outer epithelial layer of the external integument of the body that is derived from the embryonic epiblast.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000143", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) outer epithelia in all metazoan animals are homologous. (...) The ancestor of all metazoans likely had an epidermis with a basal extracellular matrix (ECM), an apical extracellular glycocalyx, and one cilium with a striated rootlet per cell.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000077", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.71-72", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001004 name: respiratory system def: "Functional system which consists of structures involved in respiration." [Wikipedia:Respiratory_system] subset: functional_classification subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius " RELATED [BTO:0000203] synonym: "Atmungssystem" RELATED [BTO:0000203] synonym: "respiratory system" EXACT [] synonym: "systema respiratorium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Respiratory_system] xref: AAO:0000541 xref: BTO:0000203 xref: EFO:0000804 xref: EHDAA2:0001604 xref: EHDAA:2203 xref: EMAPA:16727 xref: EV:0100036 xref: FMA:7158 xref: GAID:78 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Respiratory_system_complete_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Respiratory_system_complete_en.svg/200px-Respiratory_system_complete_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000327 xref: MAT:0000030 xref: MESH:A.04 xref: MIAA:0000030 xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278197002 xref: TAO:0000272 xref: VHOG:0000202 xref: XAO:0000117 xref: ZFA:0000272 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system property_value: external_definition "The anatomical system in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the organism and its environment.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000541", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "There is no doubt that the primitive pattern of vertebrate air-breathing is the buccal pulse pump found in actinopterygian fishes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000202", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.599 and Figure 18-23", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001005 name: respiratory airway def: "An airway through which respiratory air passes in organisms." [Wikipedia:Trachea] comment: This class generically groups trachea and analagous structures throughout metazoa. Consider renaming, as the term could be taken to mean lumen of tracheal system (e.g. in SNOMED) subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim xref: SCTID:361380005 is_a: UBERON:0003103 ! compound organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0001006 name: obsolete spiracle def: "OBSOLETE: The mostly slit-like opening on the body surface through which air is taken into the respiratory system." [ISBN:3110148986, Wikipedia:Spiracle] comment: This class was obsoleted as it grouped together disparate classes. For the fish structure, see UBERON:0010019. The arthropod structure will presumably be added to the arthropod anatomy synonym: "open tracheal system spiracle" NARROW [GO:0035277] synonym: "spiracle of open tracheal system" NARROW [GO:0035277] synonym: "spiracular gland" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0000936 xref: MAT:0000208 xref: MIAA:0000208 is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0010019 [Term] id: UBERON:0001007 name: digestive system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes." [FB:gg, NLM:alimentary+system, Wikipedia:Digestive_system\,] comment: note that many anatomy ontologies consider gastrointestinal system synonymous with digestive system. here we follow MA in dividing digestive system into gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary. hepatobiliary includes the liver and biliary tract. species-specific AO classes are categorized according to whether liver is included. For example, XAO includes liver as part of XAO:0000125 alimentary system, so we assume this class is the more generic class subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "alimentary system" RELATED [] synonym: "alimentary tract" RELATED [] synonym: "gastrointestinal system" RELATED [] synonym: "gut" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000129 xref: BILA:0000082 xref: BTO:0000058 xref: EFO:0000793 xref: EV:0100056 xref: FBbt:00005055 xref: FMA:7152 xref: GAID:278 xref: galen:DigestiveSystem xref: MA:0002431 xref: MAT:0000018 xref: MESH:A.03 xref: MIAA:0000018 xref: ncithesaurus:Digestive_System xref: SCTID:278859004 xref: TADS:0000170 xref: TAO:0000339 xref: WBbt:0005748 xref: XAO:0000125 xref: ZFA:0000339 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system property_value: external_definition "An anatomical system consisting of the alimentary canal and digestive glands responsible for intake, absorption, digestion and excretion of food.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000129", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001008 name: excretory system def: "The excretory system is the system of an organism that mainly performs the function of excretion, the bodily process of discharging wastes. It is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by the processes that maintain homeostasis." [BILA:0000015, Wikipedia:Excretory_system] comment: In various sources such as Encyclopedia Britannica, the excretory and urinary systems are indeed the same system (see wikipedia talk page); we merge two BTO classes here subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "renal or urinary system" RELATED [EHDAA:5901] synonym: "renal system" EXACT [GO:0001977] synonym: "renal/urinary system" RELATED [] synonym: "systema urinaria" EXACT [FMA:7159] synonym: "systema urinarium" EXACT [BTO:0003092] synonym: "urinary system" EXACT [] synonym: "urinary tract" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010257 xref: BILA:0000015 xref: BTO:0001244 xref: BTO:0003092 xref: EFO:0000803 xref: EHDAA2:0001601 xref: EHDAA:5901 xref: EMAPA:17366 xref: EV:0100095 xref: FBbt:00005056 xref: FMA:7159 xref: GAID:391 xref: galen:UrinaryTract xref: MA:0000325 xref: MAT:0000027 xref: MESH:A.05.810 xref: MIAA:0000027 xref: ncithesaurus:Urinary_System xref: SCTID:362204003 xref: TADS:0000162 xref: TAO:0000163 xref: VHOG:0000723 xref: WBbt:0005736 xref: XAO:0000143 xref: ZFA:0000163 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system property_value: external_definition "An anatomical system which consists of organs and tissues which produce, store, and excrete urine.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010257", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "Evolution of vertebrate renal anatomy appears quite conservative when compared, for example, to evolution of respiratory and cardiovascular systems in vertebrates. Major anatomical changes in vertebrates kidneys separate those of birds and mammals from kidneys of lower vertebrates. General increase in animal size from fish to mammals is reflected by an increase in total number of nephrons per kidney, rather than by constant change in tubular dimensions.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000723", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-3540428541 Kapoor BG, Bhavna Khanna, Ichthyology Handbook (2004) p.406", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:110815 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001009 name: circulatory system def: "organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Circulatory_system] comment: the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system are parts of the circulatory system subset: uberon_slim synonym: "systema cardiovasculare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Circulatory_system] xref: AAO:0000959 xref: FBbt:00005057 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg/200px-Circulatory_System_en.svg.png xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0001248 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system of ion binding, a pumping mechanism, and an efficient vascular system; consisting of the blood, heart, and blood and lymph vessels, respectively.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000959", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "We should divest ourselves of the view that earlier vertebrate groups were 'on their way' to becoming mammals, as clearly they were not such visionaries. Neither were their systems 'imperfect' as earlier anatomists thought. Instead, their circulatory systems served them well to address the ecological demands arising from their lifestyles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001248", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.493", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6073 property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6157 [Term] id: UBERON:0001010 name: diaphysis of ulna synonym: "body of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33760] synonym: "corpus ulnae" EXACT [FMA:33760] synonym: "shaft of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33760] synonym: "ulnar diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:33760] xref: FMA:33760 xref: SCTID:302520004 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 intersection_of: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0001011 name: hemolymph def: "Blood analogue used by all arthropods and most mollusks that have an open circulatory system. In these animals there is no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid. The liquid fills all of the interior (the hemocoel) of the body and surrounds all cells." [Wikipedia:Hemolymph] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "haemolymph" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000572 xref: FBbt:00005061 xref: GAID:1220 xref: MAT:0000054 xref: MESH:A.13.453 xref: MIAA:0000054 xref: TGMA:0000000 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system [Term] id: UBERON:0001012 name: head of radius def: "The head of the radius has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the capitulum (or capitellum) of the humerus. The circumference of the head is smooth; it is broad medially where it articulates with the radial notch of the ulna, narrow in the rest of its extent, which is embraced by the annular ligament. The deepest point in the fovea is not axi-symmetric with the long axis of the radius, creating a cam effect during pronation and supination[WP]." [Wikipedia:Head_of_radius] synonym: "caput radii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Head_of_radius] synonym: "radial head" EXACT [FMA:33773] xref: FMA:33773 xref: galen:HeadOfRadius xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Gray214.png xref: SCTID:181941003 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 {source="FMA"} ! elbow joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0004413 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of radius [Term] id: UBERON:0001013 name: adipose tissue def: "Connective tissue composed of adipocytes." [Wikipedia:Adipose_tissue] comment: Note in FMA this is dense irregular connective tissue. Taxon notes: n humans, adipose tissue is located beneath the skin (subcutaneous fat), around internal organs (visceral fat), in bone marrow (yellow bone marrow) and in breast tissue. Adipose tissue is found in specific locations, which are referred to as adipose depots. Adipose tissue contains several cell types, with the highest percentage of cells being adipocytes, which contain fat droplets. Other cell types include fibroblasts, macrophages, and endothelial cells. Adipose tissue contains many small blood vessels.; Mice have eight major adipose depots, four of which are within the abdominal cavity. The paired gonadal depots are attached to the uterus and ovaries in females and the epididymis and testes in males; the paired retroperitoneal depots are found along the dorsal wall of the abdomen, surrounding the kidney, and, when massive, extend into the pelvis. The mesenteric depot forms a glue-like web that supports the intestines, and the omental depot, which originates near the stomach and spleen, and, when massive, extends into the ventral abdomen. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "adipose" RELATED [BTO:0001487] synonym: "bodyfat" RELATED [BTO:0001487] synonym: "fat" EXACT [MA:0000009] synonym: "fat tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "fatty depot" RELATED [] synonym: "fatty tissue" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000001 xref: AEO:000020 xref: BTO:0001487 xref: EFO:0000234 xref: EFO:0000790 xref: EHDAA2:0003120 xref: EV:0100381 xref: FMA:20110 xref: GAID:920 xref: galen:FattyTissue xref: MA:0000009 xref: MAT:0000015 xref: MESH:A.10.165.114 xref: MIAA:0000015 xref: ncithesaurus:Adipose_Tissue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjc_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:55603005 xref: TAO:0002134 xref: VHOG:0001284 xref: XAO:0003049 xref: ZFA:0005345 is_a: UBERON:0002384 {source="MA"} ! connective tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0003714 ! neural tissue property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass connective tissue proper (AAO:0000099)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000001", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Connective tissue in which fat is stored.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002134", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Tissue that contains adipocytes, used for cushioning, thermal insulation, lubrication (primarily in the pericardium) and energy storage.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000001", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Adipose tissue is unique to vertebrates. It is found in mostmammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians, and a variety is found in some species of fish. Furthermore, in insects the fat body found in larvae as well as in adults shares some homology with adipose tissue.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001284", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S0029665107005423 Haugen F, Drevon CA, The interplay between nutrients and the adipose tissue. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001014 name: obsolete fat body def: "the encapsulated adipose tissue." [MP:0005334] synonym: "fat pad" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0003917 [Term] id: UBERON:0001015 name: musculature def: "A subdivision of the muscular system." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Muscular_system] comment: AO notes: In FMA this is classified as a set of organs. ZFA musculature system has subtypes, so it is classified here. WBbt muscular system has subtypes so it goes here. Note that we use the MA term set of skeletal muscles here as it seems most appropriate (*not* MA:musculature). AAO is generally confused here. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "muscle group" EXACT [] synonym: "muscle system" RELATED [] synonym: "muscles" RELATED [] synonym: "muscles set" EXACT [] synonym: "musculature" EXACT [] synonym: "musculature system" RELATED [] synonym: "musculi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:32558, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of muscles" EXACT [FMA:32558] synonym: "set of organs" EXACT [] synonym: "set of skeletal muscles" EXACT [MA:0000165] xref: AAO:0011066 xref: BTO:0000887 xref: EFO:0001949 xref: FMA:32558 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Muscles_anterior_labeled.png xref: MA:0000165 xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjmr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0000548 xref: VSAO:0005038 xref: WBbt:0005737 xref: ZFA:0000548 is_a: UBERON:0000480 ! anatomical group relationship: part_of UBERON:0000383 ! musculature of body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001474 [Term] id: UBERON:0001016 name: nervous system def: "a network of specialized cells that communicate information about an organism's surroundings and itself[Wikipedia]." [ISBN:0-14-051288-8, ISBN:3110148986, NLM:nervous+system, WB:rynl, Wikipedia:Nervous_system, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nerve net" NARROW [Wikipedia:Nerve_net] synonym: "Nervensystem" RELATED [BTO:0001484] synonym: "systema nervosum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nervous_system] xref: AAO:0000324 xref: BILA:0000079 xref: BTO:0001484 xref: EFO:0000802 xref: EHDAA2:0001246 xref: EHDAA:826 xref: EMAPA:16469 xref: EV:0100162 xref: FBbt:00005093 xref: FMA:7157 xref: GAID:466 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/TE-Nervous_system_diagram.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png/200px-Nervous_system_diagram.png xref: MA:0000016 xref: MAT:0000026 xref: MESH:A.08 xref: MIAA:0000026 xref: ncithesaurus:Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_844 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViT_pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278196006 xref: TAO:0000396 xref: VHOG:0000402 xref: WBbt:0005735 xref: XAO:0000177 xref: ZFA:0000396 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from ectoderm (AAO:0000137) CHANGED TO: develops_from ectoderm (UBERON:0000924)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000324", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "A regulatory system of the body that consists of neurons and neuroglial cells. The nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000396", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system consisting of nerve bodies and nerve fibers which regulate the response of the body to external and internal stimuli.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000324", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "Nervous systems evolved in the ancestor of Eumetazoa.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000402", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.117", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001017 name: central nervous system def: "The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerves. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord[GO]. The part of the nervous system which in vertebrates consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which supervises and coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system[XAO]. Neuraxis plus retina[INCF]." [FB:gg, ISBN:3110148986, NLM:central+nervous+system, Wikipedia:Central_nervous_system, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebrospinal axis" EXACT [FMA:55675] synonym: "CNS" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:55675] synonym: "systema nervosum centrale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55675, FMA:TA] xref: AAO:0000090 xref: BILA:0000080 xref: BTO:0000227 xref: EFO:0000908 xref: EHDAA2:0000225 xref: EHDAA:828 xref: EMAPA:16470 xref: EMAPA:16754 xref: EV:0100163 xref: FBbt:00005094 xref: FMA:55675 xref: GAID:570 xref: MA:0000167 xref: MAT:0000457 xref: MESH:A.08.186 xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1099 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzYt3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278199004 xref: TAO:0000012 xref: VHOG:0000293 xref: XAO:0000215 xref: ZFA:0000012 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011216 {source="cjm"} ! organ system subdivision relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001049 {evidence="definitional", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:7742"} ! neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system property_value: external_definition "Part of the nervous system which includes the brain and spinal cord.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000090", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The brain and spinal cord. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000012", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2); Taken together, our data make a very strong case that the complex molecular mediolateral architecture of the developing trunk CNS (central nervous system), as shared between Platynereis and vertebrates, was already present in their last common ancestor, Urbilateria. The concept of bilaterian nervous system centralization implies that neuron types concentrate on one side of the trunk, as is the case in vertebrates and many invertebrates including Platynereis, where they segregate and become spatially organized (as opposed to a diffuse nerve net). Our data reveal that a large part of the spatial organization of the annelid and vertebrate CNS was already present in their last common ancestor, which implies that Urbilateria had already possessed a CNS (reference 3).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000293", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28 (reference 1), ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.165 (reference 2), DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2007.02.040 Denes AS, Jekely G, Steinmetz PRH, Raible F, Snyman H, Prud'homme B, Ferrier DEK, Balavoine G and Arendt D, Molecular architecture of annelid nerve cord supports common origin of nervous system centralization in Bilateria. Cell (2007) (reference 3)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001018 name: axon tract def: "A group of axons linking two or more neuropils and having a common origin, termination[FBbt]." [http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html] comment: WP says this is the analog of peripheral nerves in CNS synonym: "axonal tract" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis tract" EXACT [FMA:83847] synonym: "tract" RELATED [] synonym: "tract of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83847] xref: EV:0100304 xref: FBbt:00005100 xref: FMA:83847 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0011215 ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001019 name: fascicle def: "A slender neuron projection bundle[FBbt]." [Wikipedia:Nervous_system_fascicle] comment: TODO - invert specific? note FBbt class not disjoint from tract. Consider merging with 'neuron projection bundle' subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fasciculus" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve bundle" EXACT [FMA:12235] synonym: "nerve fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:12235] synonym: "neural fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:12235] xref: BTO:0004101 xref: FBbt:00005101 xref: FMA:12235 xref: ncithesaurus:Fascicle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_872 xref: TGMA:0000088 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle [Term] id: UBERON:0001020 name: commissure def: "White matter fiber bundle that crosses the midline of the brain or spinal cord[NIF]. In the context of Drosophila refers to a broad band of axons connecting the same neuropils each side of the brain[FBbt]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090513, Wikipedia:Commissure] comment: *not* the same as FMA:76741 Commissure subset: uberon_slim synonym: "commissure of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83906] synonym: "neuraxis commissure" EXACT [FMA:83906] xref: FBbt:00005103 xref: FMA:83906 xref: ncithesaurus:Commissure xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090513 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rdBrmE6gOEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: TADS:0000201 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract [Term] id: UBERON:0001021 name: nerve def: "an enclosed, cable-like bundle of peripheral axons [wikipedia]. A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons[ZFA]. Segment of neural tree organ which has as its parts a nerve trunk and its branches; together with other nerves of the same tree it constitutes a neural tree. Examples: chorda tympani, digastric branch of facial nerve, greater petrosal nerve, posterior cutaneous branch of posterior ramus of cervical nerve, superior lateral cutaneous nerve of arm[FMA]." [FMA:65132, Wikipedia:Nervous_system, ZFA:0007009, ZFIN:curator] comment: check nerve vs peripheral nerve vs tract. Check isa hierarchy - we include under neural tissue as well as neuron projection bundle for now. FMA also has this under organ segment subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nerves" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0007009] synonym: "neural subtree" RELATED [FMA:65132] xref: AAO:0011070 xref: AEO:0000137 xref: BTO:0000925 xref: EHDAA2:0003137 xref: EHDAA:2851 xref: EHDAA:3776 xref: EHDAA:4657 xref: EV:0100162 xref: FBbt:00005105 xref: FMA:65132 xref: GAID:758 xref: galen:Nerve xref: MA:0000217 xref: ncithesaurus:Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3lkpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:256864008 xref: TAO:0007009 xref: XAO:0003047 xref: ZFA:0007009 is_a: UBERON:0000122 {source="FBbt"} ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0003714 {source="EHDAA2"} ! neural tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system property_value: external_definition "A portion of tissue which is a fasiculated group of axons.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0007009", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001022 name: cell body def: "Cell component which consists of the plasma membrane and the cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html, Wikipedia:Cell_body] comment: TODO - use GO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cell soma" EXACT [] synonym: "soma" RELATED [] xref: FBbt:00005107 xref: FMA:67301 xref: GO:0043025 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1044911821 is_a: UBERON:0000470 ! cell part [Term] id: UBERON:0001023 name: dendrite def: "The region of a neuron receiving inputs from other neurons, typically a slender neurite, often branched. In insect neurons, this is often not a clear designation and often presynaptic sites co-extend with postsynaptic ones." [http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html, Wikipedia:Dendrite] comment: TODO - use GO subset: uberon_slim xref: FBbt:00005110 xref: FMA:67314 xref: GAID:749 xref: GO:0030425 xref: MESH:A.08.663.256 xref: ncithesaurus:Dendrite xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1211023249 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rviIdspwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TGMA:0001373 is_a: UBERON:0001024 ! neurite [Term] id: UBERON:0001024 name: neurite def: "One of the processes or extensions of a neuron, axon or dendrite or cell body fiber. // Cell appendage of the neuron which includes the axon and the dendrite." [http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html, Wikipedia:Neurite] comment: TODO - use GO subset: uberon_slim xref: FBbt:00005113 xref: FMA:61814 xref: GAID:751 xref: GO:0043005 xref: MESH:A.08.663.256.500 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao-867568886 is_a: UBERON:0000470 ! cell part [Term] id: UBERON:0001025 name: synapse def: "The structural contact that is the site of transmission between neurons, identified by a presynaptic ribbon and synaptic vesicles as the input element and one or (usually) more postsynaptic elements with various specializations (membrane densities, cisternae, etc.)." [http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html, Wikipedia:Synapse] comment: TODO - use GO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "synaptic junction" EXACT [] xref: FBbt:00005114 xref: FMA:67408 xref: GAID:766 xref: GO:0045202 xref: MESH:A.08.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Synapse xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao914572699 xref: SCTID:362298009 is_a: UBERON:0000470 ! cell part [Term] id: UBERON:0001026 name: obsolete motor nerve def: "General anatomical term applied to nerves in which somatic efferent nerve fibers predominate[FMA]. A motor nerve is an efferent nerve that exclusively contains the axons of somatic and branchial motoneurons, which innervate skeletal muscles (that ensure locomotion) and branchial muscles (that motorize the face and neck)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Motor_nerve] synonym: "efferent nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "nervus motorius" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0001027 name: sensory nerve def: "General anatomical term applied to nerves in which somatic afferent nerve fibers predominate[FMA]. nerves that receive sensory stimuli made up of nerve fibers, called sensory fibers (mechanoreceptor fibers sense body movement and pressure placed against the body, and nociceptor fibers sense tissue injury)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sensory_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "afferent nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "nervus sensorius" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus sensorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sensory_nerve] xref: AEO:0000201 xref: EHDAA2:0003200 xref: FBbt:00005136 xref: FMA:5868 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv0GdXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001028 name: diaphysis of radius synonym: "body of radius" EXACT [FMA:33782] synonym: "corpus radii" EXACT [FMA:33782] synonym: "radial diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:33782] synonym: "shaft of radius" EXACT [FMA:33782] xref: FMA:33782 xref: SCTID:302518002 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 intersection_of: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001029 name: neuromuscular junction def: "." [Wikipedia:Neuromuscular_junction] comment: TODO - use GO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "myoneural junction" EXACT [] synonym: "synapsis neuromuscularis; junctio neuromuscularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neuromuscular_junction] xref: FBbt:00005142 xref: FMA:61803 xref: GAID:809 xref: GO:0031594 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/NMJ.jpg xref: MESH:A.08.800.550.550.550 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1124888485 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001030 name: synaptic ribbon comment: TODO - use GO synonym: "ribbon synapse" EXACT [] xref: FBbt:00005143 xref: FMA:67107 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1884931180 is_a: UBERON:0001025 ! synapse is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001029 ! neuromuscular junction [Term] id: UBERON:0001031 name: neurilemma def: "thin membranous sheath around a nerve fiber[TFD]." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/neurolemma, Wikipedia:Neurilemma] comment: FMA def is 'Neural tissue which consists of Schwann cells' which does not fit, but we still use 'neural tissue' here. WP def specifically states Schwann cells, which would restrict it to PNS subset: uberon_slim synonym: "endoneural membrane" RELATED [BTO:0003048] synonym: "neurolemma" EXACT [] synonym: "Schwann's membrane" RELATED [BTO:0003048] synonym: "sheath of Schwann" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003048 xref: FBbt:00005151 xref: FMA:62976 xref: GAID:730 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Gray631.png/200px-Gray631.png xref: MESH:A.08.561.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Sheath_of_Schwann is_a: UBERON:0003714 ! neural tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001032 name: sensory system def: "Anatomical system that overlaps the nervous system and is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information." [Wikipedia:Sensory_system] comment: note the distinct between entire sensory system and individual system. this reconciles is_a and part_of distinctions between ssAOs subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "organa sensuum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75259, FMA:TA] synonym: "organa sensuum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sensory_system] synonym: "sense organ subsystem" EXACT [] synonym: "sense organs" EXACT [FMA:75259] synonym: "sense organs set" EXACT [FMA:75259] synonym: "sensory organ system" RELATED [] synonym: "sensory subsystem" EXACT [] synonym: "sensory systems" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000282] synonym: "set of sense organs" RELATED [FMA:75259] xref: AAO:0000555 xref: BILA:0000099 xref: EFO:0000805 xref: EHDAA2:0003094 xref: FBbt:00005827 xref: FMA:75259 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray722.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray722.png/200px-Gray722.png xref: MA:0002442 xref: MAT:0000031 xref: MIAA:0000031 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090816 xref: TAO:0000282 xref: VHOG:0001674 xref: XAO:0003194 xref: ZFA:0000282 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system property_value: homology_notes "An early step in the evolution of neural crest, therefore, may have been the origin of a specific dorsal neural cell population contributing to sensory processing; this would predate the divergence of the amphioxus and vertebrate lineages.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001674", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.9.4449 Shimeld SM and Holland PW. Vertebrate innovations. PNAS (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001033 name: gustatory system def: "A subset of the sensory system for the sensing of taste." [Wikipedia:Gustatory_system] comment: in ZFA and MA this is a subtype of sensory system. we should change sensory system to disambiguate parts and wholes subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "gustatory organ system" EXACT [] synonym: "taste system" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010577 xref: BILA:0000143 xref: EFO:0000830 xref: FMA:7194 xref: MA:0002446 xref: MAT:0000275 xref: MIAA:0000275 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090803 xref: SCTID:423940004 xref: TAO:0001101 xref: XAO:0003197 xref: ZFA:0001101 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system property_value: external_definition "The sensory system used for the sense of taste.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010577", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001034 name: obsolete photoreceptor def: "Can refer to a light sensitive organ, a photoreceptor cell or a photoreceptor protein. This class was made obsolete because it was ambiguous" [Wikipedia:Photoreceptor] xref: BTO:0001060 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0001035 name: dento-alveolar joint def: "Fibrous joint in which the periodontal ligament connects a tooth to the alveolar bone of the maxilla or mandible. Examples: Dento-alveolar joint of incisor tooth.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Gomphosis] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "dento-alveolar syndesmosis" EXACT [FMA:7495] synonym: "gomphosis" EXACT [MA:0001499] synonym: "peg-and-socket joint" EXACT [FMA:7495] synonym: "socket" BROAD [FMA:7495] synonym: "syndesmosis dentoalveolaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7495, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:7495 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray1003.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Gray1003.png/200px-Gray1003.png xref: MA:0001499 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rveAQeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:50870008 is_a: UBERON:0002209 {source="FMA"} ! fibrous joint is_a: UBERON:0002213 {source="MA"} ! cartilaginous joint is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: connects UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth relationship: connects UBERON:0004103 ! alveolar ridge relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001037 name: strand of hair def: "A filament, mostly protein, that grows from follicles found in the dermis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Hair] comment: this class defines an individual hair. todo - consider fur / coat of fur, which has_part hair. TODO: for now we treat vibrissa/whisker as a syonym, but these have different follicles. We could introduce subclasses (see also: Pangolin scales) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coat hair" RELATED [] synonym: "coat/ hair" RELATED [] synonym: "fur" RELATED [] synonym: "hair" EXACT [] synonym: "microchaeta" RELATED [] synonym: "quill" RELATED SENSU [] synonym: "setulae" RELATED [] synonym: "unguis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hair] synonym: "vibrissa" RELATED SENSU [] synonym: "whisker" RELATED SENSU [] xref: BTO:0001501 xref: EFO:0000958 xref: EMAPA:18769 xref: EV:0100157 xref: FMA:53667 xref: GAID:71 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Gray945.png xref: MA:0000155 xref: MAT:0000160 xref: MESH:A.17.360 xref: MIAA:0000160 xref: ncithesaurus:Hair xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjOX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA-Mp88EdaAAACgycbRww xref: SCTID:361702001 xref: VHOG:0001191 is_a: UBERON:0000021 {source="FMA"} ! cutaneous appendage is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002073 ! hair follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 {source="FMA"} ! epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0011932 {source="FMA"} ! pilosebaceous unit [Term] id: UBERON:0001038 name: chordotonal organ def: "Chordotonal organs are arthropod sensory structures consisting of special sensilla called the scolopidia, which are mechano-transducers and respond mainly to stretch or flexion. In insects, they consist of bundles of internal sensilla, each of which has a cap cell, an enveloping cell and one or more sense cells. The distal end of the organ is usually attached to the cuticle of the body wall, marked by a pit, a thickened disc or a nodule of chitin, and the base of the organ is connected with the hypodermis, often by a special ligament." [FB:FBrf0056378, Wikipedia:Chordotonal_organ] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ch" RELATED [] synonym: "scolopophorous organ" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0000940 xref: FBbt:00005215 xref: MAT:0000209 xref: MIAA:0000209 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ [Term] id: UBERON:0001040 name: yolk sac def: "Membranous sac attached to an embryo, providing early nourishment in the form of yolk in bony fishes, sharks, reptiles, birds, and primitive mammals. It functions as the developmental circulatory system of the human embryo, before internal circulation begins. In the mouse, the yolk sac is the first site of blood formation, generating primitive macrophages and erythrocytes." [Wikipedia:Yolk_sac] comment: Taxon notes: In therians, a structure homologous to the yolk sac is is present, but contains no yolk platelets. Instead it is filled with fluid [ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong"] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vesicula umbilicalis; saccus vitellinus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Yolk_sac] xref: BTO:0001471 xref: EFO:0003078 xref: EHDAA2:0002212 xref: EHDAA:164 xref: EMAPA:16085 xref: FMA:87180 xref: GAID:1301 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Gray22.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Gray22.png/200px-Gray22.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.403.981 xref: ncithesaurus:Yolk_Sac xref: SCTID:362845002 xref: VHOG:0000830 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005631 ! extraembryonic membrane relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! endoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004872 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm property_value: external_definition "One of the extraembryonic fetal membranes that balloons out from the fetal midgut. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000830", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/yolk+sac"} property_value: homology_notes "Structures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes of reptiles and birds appear in mammals: amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000830", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.187", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001041 name: foregut def: "Anterior subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]. An anterior part of the alimentary canal derived from the ectoderm[WP]." [Wikipedia:Foregut] comment: Editor notes: Note we define this generically to include invertebrates, but the class may be split in future. We may explicitly make this a developmental class. AO Notes: in FMA this class has no children. subset: developmental_classification subset: uberon_slim synonym: "praeenteron; proenteron" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foregut] xref: AAO:0011042 xref: BILA:0000085 xref: BTO:0000507 xref: EHDAA2:0000557 xref: EHDAA:520 xref: EMAPA:16548 xref: FBbt:00005379 xref: FMA:45616 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Gray27.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gray27.png/200px-Gray27.png xref: MA:0001526 xref: ncithesaurus:Foregut xref: SCTID:361409009 xref: TGMA:0001014 xref: VHOG:0000285 xref: XAO:0000232 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract property_value: homology_notes "The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000285", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030259821 Ruppert EE, Fox RS, Barnes RD, Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach (2003) p.203, ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001042 name: chordate pharynx def: "Funnel-shaped fibromuscular tube that conducts food to the esophagus, and air to the larynyx and lungs. It is located posterior to the NASAL CAVITY; ORAL CAVITY; and LARYNX, and extends from the SKULL BASE to the inferior border of the CRICOID CARTILAGE anteriorly and to the inferior border of the C6 vertebra posteriorly. It is divided into the NASOPHARYNX; OROPHARYNX; and HYPOPHARYNX (laryngopharynx)[MESH]. Swollen region of the anterior foregut, posterior to the mouth and anterior to the liver; its walls form the jaws and gills[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Pharynx] comment: Note that MA/FMA pharynx not part of digestive/alimentary system, we follow their lead here subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pharynx" BROAD SENSU [FMA:46688] xref: AAO:0000967 xref: BTO:0001049 xref: EFO:0000836 xref: EHDAA2:0001458 xref: EHDAA:2947 xref: EMAPA:16706 xref: EMAPA:18838 xref: EV:0100065 xref: FMA:46688 xref: GAID:155 xref: galen:Pharynx xref: MA:0000432 xref: MESH:A.03.867 xref: ncithesaurus:Pharynx xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViv7ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181211006 xref: TAO:0000056 xref: VHOG:0000462 xref: XAO:0003227 xref: ZFA:0000056 is_a: UBERON:0006562 ! pharynx relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009145 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pharyngeal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: part_of_proxy respiratory system (AAO:0000541) CHANGED TO: develops_from respiratory system (UBERON:0001004)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000967", ontology="AAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: part_of_proxy respiratory system (AAO:0000541) CHANGED TO: part_of respiratory system (UBERON:0001004)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000967", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cavity bounded by the derivatives of the branchial arches.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000967", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Swollen region of the anterior foregut, posterior to the mouth and anterior to the liver; its walls form the jaws and gills. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000056", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The portion of the alimentary canal between the mouth and the oesophagus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000462", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) the earliest vertebrates possessed unjointed internal and external branchial arches, and musculature encircling the pharynx.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000462", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) Box essay 13.1 and Box figure I, p.502-503", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001043 name: esophagus def: "Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993)." [http://www.rivm.nl/interspeciesinfo/inter/oesophagus/, Wikipedia:Esophagus] comment: esophagus NOT part of gut in MA. part of gut in ZFA. part_of gut (via UGIT) in FMA. Consider splitting. Interspecies: The human oesophagus is 25 cm long and has a diameter of ca. 2 cm. Only little information was found on the oesophagus in rat, rabbit and pig. The oesophagus of rat (75 x 2 mm) and rabbit has no mucous glands and the cardia of the stomach has a well-developed sphincter, which prevents them from vomiting (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988; Manning et al., 1994). Morphologically the oesophagus is similar in man and pig; both are omnivores and have a non-keratinised epithelium, submucous glands and similar membrane enzymes. Like in humans, pigs can suffer from reflux oesophagitis and stress ulceration of the oesophagus. The pig oesophagus may therefore be a good model for investigation compared to the human oesophagus (Christie et al., 1995) subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "gullet" EXACT [] synonym: "oesophagus" EXACT [] synonym: "œsophagus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Esophagus] xref: AAO:0000145 xref: ANISEED:1235301 xref: BTO:0000959 xref: EFO:0000835 xref: EHDAA2:0001285 xref: EHDAA:2937 xref: EMAPA:16833 xref: EMAPA:18860 xref: EV:0100069 xref: FMA:7131 xref: GAID:291 xref: galen:Esophagus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg xref: MA:0000352 xref: MAT:0000048 xref: MESH:A.03.365 xref: MIAA:0000048 xref: ncithesaurus:Esophagus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj9Q5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181245004 xref: TAO:0000204 xref: VHOG:0000450 xref: XAO:0000127 xref: ZFA:0000204 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009143 ! esophageal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity property_value: external_definition "Anterior end of the alimentary canal lined with smooth muscle. Bounded anteriorly by a constriction in the pharynx. Bounded posteriorly by and increase in circular and/or longitudinal smooth muscle associated with the stomach.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000145", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The few structural specializations in (adult lampreys) pharynx include complex valves on the external gill openings that direct the tidal flow, and the division of the ancestral pharynx into an oesophagus and a respiratory pharynx.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000450", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1996.tb01658.x Mallatt J, Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (1996)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001044 name: salivary gland def: "saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO]. The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands, glands with ducts, that produce saliva. They also secrete amylase, an enzyme that breaks down starch into maltose. In other organisms such as insects, salivary glands are often used to produce biologically important proteins like silk or glues, and fly salivary glands contain polytene chromosomes that have been useful in genetic research[WP]." [GO:0007431, Wikipedia:Salivary_gland] comment: currently we define saliva and salivary glands very generally in functional terms but it may be more appropriate to split this class. From WP: In most vertebrates, saliva does not contain any enzymes, consisting of mucus and water only, and its primary function is to moisten food while eating. As a result, true salivary glands are rarely found in fish or aquatic tetrapods, although there are often individual mucus-secreting cells. Amphibians have a single salivary gland, the intermaxillary gland, located in the forward part of the palate. Reptiles and birds normally have only very small glands on the lips, palate, and base of the mouth, although there are some birds with large glands, which produce a sticky saliva that helps in nest-building. The distinct parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands are only developed in mammals.[3] The salivary glands of some species, however, are modified to produce enzymes; salivary amylase is found in many, but by no means all, bird and mammal species (including humans, as noted above). Furthermore, the venom glands of poisonous snakes, Gila monsters, and some shrews, are modified salivary glands subset: functional_classification subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glandulae salivariae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Salivary_gland] xref: BTO:0001203 xref: EFO:0000859 xref: EHDAA2:0001775 xref: EHDAA:7987 xref: EMAPA:17751 xref: EV:0100059 xref: FBbt:00005382 xref: FMA:9597 xref: GAID:937 xref: galen:SalivaryGland xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg xref: MA:0000346 xref: MAT:0000079 xref: MESH:A.10.336.779 xref: MIAA:0000079 xref: ncithesaurus:Salivary_Gland xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjl5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181236000 xref: VHOG:0000376 is_a: UBERON:0003293 ! gland of oral region is_a: UBERON:0003294 ! gland of foregut relationship: secretes UBERON:0001836 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0001836 ! saliva relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0000167 ! oral cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: secretes UBERON:0001836 ! saliva property_value: external_definition "A gland that produces the saliva. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-25, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000376", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In air-feeding animals, the lack of water column to lubricate the food has been compensated for by the evolution of the salivary glands. These glands are present only in amniotes and are controlled by the parasympathetic system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000376", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptationm(2005) p.211", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001045 name: midgut def: "Middle subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]. In vertebrates: The middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine[GO]. In humans: originates from the foregut at the opening of the bile duct into the duodenum and continues through the small intestine and much of the large intestine until the transition to the hindgut about two-thirds of the way through the transverse colon. That part of the alimentary canal which lies between the gizzard and the hind intestine." [GO:0007494, Wikipedia:Midgut] comment: Editor notes: Note we define this generically to include invertebrates, but the class may be split in future. We may explicitly make this a developmental class. AO Notes: in FMA this class has no children. subset: developmental_classification subset: uberon_slim synonym: "mesenteron" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Midgut] xref: BILA:0000086 xref: BTO:0000863 xref: EFO:0001950 xref: EHDAA2:0001185 xref: EHDAA:983 xref: EMAPA:16255 xref: FBbt:00005383 xref: FMA:45617 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Illu_small_intestine.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Illu_small_intestine.jpg/200px-Illu_small_intestine.jpg xref: MA:0001564 xref: ncithesaurus:Midgut xref: SCTID:361410004 xref: TGMA:0001036 xref: VHOG:0000290 xref: XAO:0000103 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract property_value: homology_notes "The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000290", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030259821 Ruppert EE, Fox RS, Barnes RD, Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach (2003) p.203, ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001046 name: hindgut def: "Posterior subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]." [Wikipedia:Hindgut] comment: Editor notes: Note we define this generically to include invertebrates, but the class may be split in future (vertebrates have some contribution from NC - UBERONREF:0000002). We may explicitly make this a developmental class. AO Notes: in FMA this class has no children. subset: developmental_classification subset: uberon_slim synonym: "metenteron" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hindgut] xref: AAO:0011052 xref: BILA:0000087 xref: BTO:0000510 xref: EHDAA2:0000779 xref: EHDAA:975 xref: EMAPA:16715 xref: FBbt:00005384 xref: FMA:45618 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray472.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray472.png/200px-Gray472.png xref: MA:0001527 xref: ncithesaurus:Hindgut xref: SCTID:362856002 xref: TGMA:0001020 xref: VHOG:0000459 xref: XAO:0000104 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003104 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mesenchyme property_value: homology_notes "The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000459", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030259821 Ruppert EE, Fox RS, Barnes RD, Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach (2003) p.203, ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001047 name: neural glomerulus alt_id: UBERON:FBbt_00005386 def: "Large synaptic bouton found in areas like olfactory bulb, cerebellar cortex and thalamus, that contacts many post-synaptic targets[NIF]." [http://ccdb.ucsd.edu/SAO/images/glomerulus_sw_512x512.jpg, http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html] comment: isa or partof neuropil? TODO. Add to GO-CC? subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glomerulus" BROAD [FBbt:00005386, NIF_Subcellular:sao587858733] xref: FBbt:00005386 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray1130.svg/200px-Gray1130.svg.png xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao587858733 is_a: UBERON:0002606 ! neuropil [Term] id: UBERON:0001048 name: primordium def: "Primordia are populations of contiguous cells that are morphologically distinct and already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue[FBbt]. An embryonic structure that is the rudiment or commencement of a part or organ." [BTO:0001886, FB:DJS, FB:FBrf0089570, FB:FBrf0178740, Wikipedia:Primordium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bud" RELATED [] synonym: "placode" RELATED [FBbt:00005495] synonym: "rudiment" RELATED [] xref: AEO:0000171 xref: BTO:0001886 xref: EFO:0001652 xref: EHDAA2:0003171 xref: FBbt:00005495 xref: FMA:86589 xref: MAT:0000482 xref: ncithesaurus:Primordium xref: XAO:0003043 is_a: UBERON:0005423 {source="EHDAA2"} ! developing anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0001049 name: neural tube def: "In the developing vertebrate, the neural tube is the embryo's precursor to the central nervous system, which comprises the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into a closed tube, the neural tube or neural canal (which strictly speaking is the center of the neural tube), the ectodermal wall of which forms the rudiment of the nervous system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Neural_tube] comment: The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium[GO:0021915] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED [] synonym: "tubus neuralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neural_tube] xref: AAO:0010617 xref: BTO:0001057 xref: EHDAA2:0001254 xref: EHDAA:2869 xref: EHDAA:908 xref: EMAPA:16164 xref: EMAPA:16530 xref: EMAPA:16757 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png xref: MAT:0000069 xref: MIAA:0000069 xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Tube xref: SCTID:362852000 xref: TAO:0001135 xref: VHOG:0000307 xref: XAO:0003204 xref: ZFA:0001135 is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007497 ! developing epithelial placode is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005068 ! neural rod relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 {source="GO"} ! nervous system property_value: external_definition "Hollow epithelial tube on dorsal side of the embryo that develops into the central nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010617", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:JOR"} property_value: external_definition "The dorsal tubular structure in the vertebrate embryo that develops into the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000307", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/neural+tube"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000307", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001050 name: obsolete atrium def: "Anatomical chamber. Examples: right atrium of heart, atrium of middle nasal meatus, atrium of tympanic cavity, atrium of alveolus." [FMA:85574] comment: obsoleted because 'atrium' as a general grouping class that encompasses the cardiac atrium and atrium of alveolus atrium is of questionable value. Furthermore, the use of the term 'atrium' in the generic sense is misleading, as this is commonly used to refer specifically to the cardiac atrium is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0002081 [Term] id: UBERON:0001051 name: hypopharynx def: "Bottom part of the pharynx, and is the part of the throat that connects to the esophagus." [Wikipedia:Hypopharynx] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [FMA:54877] synonym: "laryngopharynx" EXACT [FMA:54877] synonym: "pars laryngea pharyngis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypopharynx] synonym: "pars laryngea pharyngis" RELATED [BTO:0001740] xref: BTO:0001740 xref: EFO:0001388 xref: EHDAA2:0004574 xref: EV:0100068 xref: FMA:54880 xref: GAID:338 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Illu_pharynx.jpg xref: MA:0001796 xref: MESH:A.03.867.490 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypopharynx xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvq5O0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:281490009 xref: VHOG:0000445 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx property_value: external_definition "The inferior portion of the pharynx, between the epiglottis and the larynx. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000445", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypopharynx"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001052 name: rectum def: "the final straight portion of the large intestine in some mammals, and the gut in others, terminating in the anus[WP]." [BTO:0001158, Wikipedia:Rectum] comment: Taxon notes: In the lungfish, sharks and rays the rectum opens into the cloaca which also receives wastes (urine) from the kidneys and material from the reproductive organs. In bony fish the rectum reaches the outside environment through the anus, which is normally situated just in front the urinary and reproductive openings. However in some fish the digestive tract may be curled back on itself, and in the Electric Eel (Electrophorus electricus) the anus is situated in the fish's throat. -- http://www.earthlife.net/fish/digestion.html subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intestinum rectum" RELATED [BTO:0001158] synonym: "rectal sac" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010401 xref: BTO:0001158 xref: EFO:0000848 xref: EHDAA2:0001592 xref: EHDAA:5836 xref: EMAPA:17896 xref: EMAPA:18925 xref: EV:0100081 xref: FMA:14544 xref: GAID:311 xref: galen:Rectum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Anorectum.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Anorectum.gif/200px-Anorectum.gif xref: MA:0000336 xref: MAT:0000050 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.495.767 xref: MIAA:0000050 xref: ncithesaurus:Rectum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjaU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181261002 xref: VHOG:0000427 xref: VHOG:0001751 xref: XAO:0000238 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001245 ! anus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001046 {source="Wikipedia"} ! hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 {source="MA"} ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0004907 {source="FMA"} ! lower digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 {source="FMA"} ! gastrointestinal system property_value: external_definition "The terminal portion of the large intestine between the ileo-pelvic colon and the anus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001751", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001053 name: neurohemal organ comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim synonym: "neurohaemal organ" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0002106 xref: EFO:0000864 xref: FBbt:00005757 xref: MAT:0000212 xref: MIAA:0000212 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001054 name: Malpighian tubule def: "The most important structure of the insect's excretory organ, which may comprise cystiform or labyrinthine highly versatile tubules having their outlet into the inital section of the rectum[FBbt]. Any of a group of long blind vessels opening into the posterior part of the alimentary canal in most insects and some other arthropods and functioning primarily as excretory organs[BTO]." [ISBN:3110148986, Wikipedia:Malpighian_tubule] comment: Editor note: this will be ceded to the Arthropod Anatomy Ontology subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Malphigian tube" RELATED [BTO:0000810] synonym: "tuba Malpighii" RELATED [BTO:0000810] xref: BTO:0000810 xref: EFO:0000243 xref: FBbt:00001896 xref: FBbt:00005786 xref: GAID:1228 xref: MAT:0000123 xref: MESH:A.13.574 xref: MIAA:0000123 xref: SCTID:41055008 xref: TADS:0000163 xref: TGMA:0001038 is_a: UBERON:0009773 {source="GO"} ! renal tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0001055 name: obsolete ureter def: "the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder." [MP:0000534] is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0000056 consider: UBERON:0000057 [Term] id: UBERON:0001056 name: corpus cardiacum comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "corpora cardiaca" RELATED [BTO:0000432] xref: BTO:0000432 xref: EFO:0000380 xref: FBbt:00005799 xref: MAT:0000211 xref: MIAA:0000211 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0001057 name: corpus allatum def: "A neurosecretory organ forming part of the retrocerebral complex." [http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html] comment: todo - move to arthropod ontology subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpora allata" RELATED [BTO:0000291] xref: BTO:0000291 xref: EFO:0000379 xref: FBbt:00005800 xref: MAT:0000210 xref: MESH:A.08.713.100 xref: MIAA:0000210 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0001058 name: mushroom body def: "Paired neuropils, thought to be crucial to olfactory associative learning and memory. Mushroom body neuropils are divided into calyces, pedunculus, and its subsequent lobes. In Drosophila these are the alpha, beta, and gamma lobes." [http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html, Wikipedia:Mushroom_body] comment: Taxon notes: Also in annelids. "Comparison to the verte- brate pallium reveals that the annelid mushroom bodies develop from similar molecular coordinates within a conserved overall molecular brain topology and that their development involves conserved patterning mechanisms and produces conserved neuron types that existed already in the proto- stome-deuterostome ancestors. These data indicate deep homology of pallium and mushroom bodies and date back the origin of higher brain centers to prebilaterian times" [PMID:20813265] subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0002675 xref: EFO:0000925 xref: FBbt:00005801 xref: GAID:1231 xref: MAT:0000336 xref: MESH:A.13.641 xref: MIAA:0000336 is_a: UBERON:0003339 ! ganglion of central nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0001059 name: pars intercerebralis def: "a neurosecretory center of the insect brain, located along the anterior midline[wiktionary]. A medial cleft or depression dividing the left and right protocerebrum and containing numerous large and small somata of neurosecretory and neuromodulatory neurons[FBbt]." [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pars_intercerebralis, http://flybrain.uni-freiburg.de/Flybrain/html/terms/terms.html] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: EFO:0000926 xref: FBbt:00005802 xref: MAT:0000337 xref: MIAA:0000337 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001062 name: anatomical entity def: "Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species." [CARO:MAH, FMA:62955] subset: upper_level synonym: "mouse anatomical entity" EXACT [MA:0000001] synonym: "mouse anatomy" RELATED [MA:0000001] xref: AAO:0010841 xref: AEO:0000000 xref: BILA:0000000 xref: CARO:0000000 xref: EHDAA2:0002229 xref: FBbt_root:00000000 xref: FMA:62955 xref: HAO:0000000 xref: MA:0000001 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_6 xref: TAO:0100000 xref: TGMA:0001822 xref: ZFA:0100000 property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass amphibian anatomical entity (AAO:0010001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010841", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Temporary placeholder for unclassified terms.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010841", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001063 name: flocculus alt_id: UBERON:Flocculus-MA_0000992 def: "a small lobe of the cerebellum at the posterior border of the middle cerebellar peduncle anterior to the biventer lobule[WP]." [Wikipedia:Flocculus_(cerebellar)] comment: AO Notes: flocculus is an exact label for two distinct classes in NIF. Function notes: At its base, the flocculus receives input from the middle ears vestibular system and regulates balance. Many floccular projections descend to the spinal cord and connect to the motor nuclei involved in control of eye movement.[WP]. Taxon notes: enlarged in pterosaurs[PMID:14586467] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "flocculus of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83881] synonym: "h x" RELATED [FMA:83881] synonym: "hemispheric lobule X" RELATED INCONSISTENT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081213] synonym: "lobule x" RELATED [FMA:83881] synonym: "neuraxis flocculus" EXACT [FMA:83881] xref: ABA:FL xref: FMA:83881 xref: MA:0000992 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1329 xref: SCTID:30711003 is_a: UBERON:0002749 ! regional part of cerebellar cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005347 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005348 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005349 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005350 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0005351 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001064 name: ventral pancreatic duct alt_id: UBERON:0005627 def: "a duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct to supply pancreatic juices which aid in digestion provided by the exocrine pancreas. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct just prior to the ampulla of Vater, after which both ducts perforate the medial side of the second portion of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_duct] comment: Development notes: Upon reaching its final destination, the ventral pancreatic bud fuses with the much larger dorsal pancreatic bud. At this point of fusion, the main ducts of the ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds fuse, forming the duct of Wirsung, the main pancreatic duct.[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "canal of Wirsung" RELATED [BTO:0002362] synonym: "chief pancreatic duct" EXACT [FMA:16003] synonym: "duct of Wirsung" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_duct] synonym: "ductus pancreatis ventralis" RELATED [] synonym: "hepaticopancreatic duct" RELATED [BTO:0002362] synonym: "main pancreatic duct" EXACT [MA:0000126] synonym: "pancreatic duct" BROAD [MESH:A.03.734.667] xref: BTO:0002362 xref: EHDAA2:0001396 xref: EHDAA:6905 xref: EMAPA:18821 xref: FMA:16003 xref: GAID:337 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gray1100.png/200px-Gray1100.png xref: MA:0000126 xref: MESH:A.03.734.667 xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Duct xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002177 xref: SCTID:245385001 xref: VHOG:0000256 is_a: UBERON:0002394 ! bile duct is_a: UBERON:0007329 {source="FMA"} ! pancreatic duct relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile relationship: channels_into UBERON:0004913 ! hepatopancreatic ampulla relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003924 {source="EHDAA2"} ! ventral pancreatic bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas property_value: homology_notes "These data show that ducts within the zebrafish pancreas originally arise in situ from isolated progenitor cells rather than arising from reiterative branching of the pancreatic epithelium. This process of pancreatic duct formation in zebrafish may be analogous to the mechanism of duct formation in the mammalian mammary and salivary glands. (...) A related mechanism of duct formation has also been proposed to occur within the mammalian pancreatic epithelium.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000256", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.04.035 Yee NS, Lorent K, Pack M, Exocrine pancreas development in zebrafish. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001065 name: parotid duct def: "The parotid duct, also known as Stensen's duct, is the route that saliva takes from the parotid gland into the mouth. It passes through the buccal fat, buccopharyngeal fascia, and buccinator muscle then opens into the vestibule of the mouth opposite the upper second molar tooth. The buccinator acts as a valve that prevents inflation of the duct during blowing. Running along with the duct superiorly is the transverse facial artery and upper buccal nerve; running along with the duct inferiorly is the lower buccal nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parotid_duct] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "duct of parotid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "duct of parotid gland" EXACT [] synonym: "ductus parotideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parotid_duct] synonym: "parotid gland duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stenon duct" EXACT [] synonym: "Stensen's duct" EXACT [] synonym: "Stensens's duct" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004554 xref: FMA:10420 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Gray1023.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gray1023.png/200px-Gray1023.png xref: MA:0002697 xref: ncithesaurus:Parotid_Duct xref: SCTID:362175009 is_a: UBERON:0001837 ! duct of salivary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001066 name: intervertebral disk def: "A pad of fibrocartilage between the articular surfaces of two successive vertebral centra which has nucleus pulposus at its core." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Intervertebral_disk] comment: Taxon/Terminology notes: strictly speaking the term intervertebral disk [applies to intervertebral cartilage] whose gel-like core is nucleus puloposus, by this definition only in mammals subset: uberon_slim synonym: "discus intervertebralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:10446, FMA:TA] synonym: "intervertebral disc" EXACT [] synonym: "intervertebral fibrocartilage" RELATED [BTO:0003625] synonym: "spinal disc" EXACT [Wikipedia:Spinal_disc] synonym: "spinal disk" RELATED [BTO:0003625] xref: BTO:0003625 xref: EFO:0001370 xref: FMA:10446 xref: GAID:105 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray301.png/200px-Gray301.png xref: MA:0000110 xref: MESH:A.02.165.410 xref: ncithesaurus:Intervertebral_Disc xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv11AcpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244570000 is_a: UBERON:0011135 ! intervertebral cartilage relationship: has_part UBERON:0002242 intersection_of: UBERON:0011135 ! intervertebral cartilage intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0002242 ! nucleus pulposus relationship: has_part UBERON:0002242 ! nucleus pulposus [Term] id: UBERON:0001067 name: vertebral arch joint def: "a synovial joint between the superior articular process of one vertebra and the inferior articular process of the vertebra directly above it. There are two facet joints in each spinal motion segment[WP]." [Wikipedia:Zygapophysial_joint] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulationes zygapophysiales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygapophysial_joint] synonym: "facet joint" EXACT [] synonym: "joint of vertebral arch" EXACT [] synonym: "joint of vertebral articular process" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal facet joint" EXACT [HP:0008482] synonym: "zygapophyseal joint" EXACT [] synonym: "zygapophysial joint" EXACT [] xref: FMA:10447 xref: GAID:275 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Gray90.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Gray90.png/200px-Gray90.png xref: MA:0001513 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.979 xref: ncithesaurus:Facet_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvorHEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:89836005 is_a: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001079 relationship: connects UBERON:0001080 intersection_of: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001080 ! inferior articular process of vertebra relationship: connects UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra relationship: connects UBERON:0001080 ! inferior articular process of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch [Term] id: UBERON:0001068 name: skin of back def: "A zone of skin that is part of a back [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "back skin" EXACT [] synonym: "back zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:10462 xref: FMA:22985 xref: MA:0000498 xref: SCTID:181492002 is_a: UBERON:0001085 ! skin of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum [Term] id: UBERON:0001069 name: head of pancreas def: "The head of pancreas is a portion of the pancreas that is lodged within the curve of the duodenum, and is flattened anteriorly (from before). The other parts of the pancreas are the body and the tail. Its upper border is overlapped by the superior part of the duodenum and its lower overlaps the horizontal part; its right and left borders overlap in front, and insinuate themselves behind, the descending and ascending parts of the duodenum respectively. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Head_of_pancreas] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caput pancreatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Head_of_pancreas] synonym: "pancreas head" EXACT [] synonym: "pancreatic head" EXACT [] synonym: "right extremity of pancreas" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001374 xref: EMAPA:17507 xref: EMAPA:18820 xref: FMA:10468 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg/200px-Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg xref: MA:0000122 xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Pancreas xref: SCTID:362201006 xref: VHOG:0000448 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003924 {source="EHDAA2-inferred", source="WP"} ! ventral pancreatic bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas property_value: homology_notes "Hagfish and lampreys may have one or more endocrine buds - and later the vertebrate pancreas develop as independent ventral and dorsal buds that eventually fuse to become one organ.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000448", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.crvi.2007.03.006 Madsen OD, Pancreas phylogeny and ontogeny in relation to a 'pancreatic stem cell'. Comptes Rendus Biologies (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001070 name: external carotid artery def: "In human anatomy, the external carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck. It arises from the common carotid artery when it bifurcates into the external and internal carotid artery." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3486863&group_id=76834&atid=1127722, Wikipedia:External_carotid_artery] comment: Taxon notes: not homologous to the external carotid of zebrafish (Goodrich, 1958) - http://zfish.nichd.nih.gov/zfatlas/Intro%20Page/comparative.html; check XAO subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteria carotis externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_carotid_artery] xref: AAO:0010416 xref: BTO:0004696 xref: EFO:0001953 xref: EHDAA2:0000461 xref: EMAPA:18611 xref: FMA:10635 xref: GAID:480 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/External_carotid_a.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/External_carotid_a.gif/200px-External_carotid_a.gif xref: MA:0001929 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.186.200.210 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Carotid_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwVJkPZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362044002 xref: VHOG:0000265 xref: XAO:0000345 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005396 {source="MA"} ! carotid artery segment is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001530 {source="FMA"} ! common carotid artery plus branches relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001530 {source="EHDAA2"} ! common carotid artery plus branches relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches relationship: part_of UBERON:0001530 {source="FMA"} ! common carotid artery plus branches [Term] id: UBERON:0001071 name: superficial cervical artery def: "." [Wikipedia:Superficial_cervical_artery] comment: The transverse cervical artery splits into two branches, a superficial one and a deep one[WP] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:10665 xref: MA:0002052 xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Cervical_Artery xref: SCTID:161746006 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001072 name: inferior vena cava def: "Trunk of systemic vein which is formed by the union of the right common iliac vein and the left common iliac vein and terminates in the right atrium." [Wikipedia:Inferior_vena_cava] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caudal vena cava" RELATED [VHOG:0001194] synonym: "posterior vena cava" EXACT [] synonym: "vena cava inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_vena_cava] synonym: "vena cava inferior" RELATED [BTO:0002682] xref: AAO:0011083 xref: BTO:0002682 xref: EHDAA2:0000611 xref: EMAPA:18416 xref: FMA:10951 xref: GAID:548 xref: galen:InferiorVenaCava xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray577.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray577.png/200px-Gray577.png xref: MA:0000480 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.949.648 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Vena_Cava xref: SCTID:181369003 xref: VHOG:0001194 xref: XAO:0000388 is_a: UBERON:0004087 ! vena cava relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005487 {source="Wikipedia:Vitelline_vein"} ! vitelline vein property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetic modifications within this basic pattern of arteries and veins are largely correlated with functional changes. In the transition from water to land, gills gave way to lungs, accompanied by the establishment of a pulmonary circulation. In some fishes and certainly in tetrapods, the cardinal veins become less involved in blood return. Instead, the composite, prominent postcava (posterior vena cava) arose to drain the posterior part of the body and the precava (anterior vena cava) developed to drain the anterior part of the body.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001194", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.454-455", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001073 name: ileocecal junction def: "A point along the course of the gastrointestinal tract where the small intestine (ileum) ends as it opens into the cecal portion of the large intestine; occurs usually within the iliac fossa, demarcated internally as the ileocecal orifice" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=46539] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "ileocaecal junction" EXACT [] xref: FMA:11338 xref: MA:0000332 xref: SCTID:264021000 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction relationship: connects UBERON:0000059 relationship: connects UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: connects UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: connects UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001074 name: pericardial cavity def: "Cavity of serous sac surrounded by serous pericardium.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Pericardial_cavity] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cavitas pericardiaca" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pericardial_cavity] synonym: "cavity of pericardial sac" EXACT [] synonym: "pericardial space" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pericardial_cavity] xref: EHDAA2:0001434 xref: EMAPA:18447 xref: EMAPA:18448 xref: FMA:11350 xref: galen:PericardialSpace xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray968.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png xref: MA:0000053 xref: ncithesaurus:Pericardial_Cavity xref: SCTID:362027001 xref: TAO:0002220 xref: VHOG:0000556 xref: ZFA:0001655 is_a: UBERON:0002323 {source="MA"} ! coelemic cavity lumen relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003887 {source="Wikipedia"} ! intraembryonic coelom relationship: part_of UBERON:0002406 {source="FMA"} ! pericardial sac relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium property_value: external_definition "Anatomical space in which the heart is located and is surrounded by the pericardium.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002220", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart (of other tetrapods) is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes). Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000556", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.205-206", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7718 {source="PMID:20959416"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001075 name: body of vertebra def: "The body is the largest part of a vertebra, and is more or less cylindrical in shape. Its upper and lower surfaces are flattened and rough, and give attachment to the intervertebral fibrocartilages, and each presents a rim around its circumference. In front, the body is convex from side to side and concave from above downward. Behind, it is flat from above downward and slightly concave from side to side. Its anterior surface presents a few small apertures, for the passage of nutrient vessels. On the posterior surface is a single large, irregular aperture, or occasionally more than one, for the exit of the basi-vertebral veins from the body of the vertebra. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Body_of_vertebra] comment: AO notes: VSAO definition states it surrounds notochord but not applicable to post-natal. Editor notes: vertebra classes required generalization for cartilage columns // todo - add subclasses: acoelus, amphicoelus, procoelus, opsithocoelus, heterocoelus; pleurocentrum, intercentrum; todo: add developmental relationships subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "autocentrum" EXACT [ZFA:0000126] synonym: "centra" EXACT PLURAL [PHENOSCAPE:ad] synonym: "centre vertcébral@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000126] synonym: "centrum" EXACT [] synonym: "centrum of vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "corpus vertebrae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_vertebra] synonym: "corpus vertebrae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_vertebra] synonym: "corpus vertebrae (vertebrale)" EXACT [FMA:11945] synonym: "pcérichorde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000126] synonym: "vertebral body" EXACT [FMA:11945] synonym: "vertebral centrum" EXACT [MA:0001457] xref: AAO:0000697 xref: FMA:11945 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Corpusvertebrae.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Corpusvertebrae.png/200px-Corpusvertebrae.png xref: MA:0001457 xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Body xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvXU4VpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361745008 xref: SCTID:362867001 xref: TAO:0000126 xref: VSAO:0000183 xref: ZFA:0000126 is_a: UBERON:0004765 {source="VSAO"} ! skeletal element relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 {source="MA"} ! vertebra property_value: external_comment "The vertebral centrum may be cartilaginous, develop as cartilage but be replaced by bone or mineralized, or form directly through intramembranous ossification.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="VSAO:0000183", ontology="VSAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Centra are represented by mineralized, calcified, or ossified portions that surround the notochord. The autocentrum, present in Danio and all other living teleosts, is formed by direct ossification outside the elastica externa of the notochord (Arratia, 1999).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000126", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Cylindrical body of bone, round or oval in cross section, which functionally replaces the notochord.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000697", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_2008"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal element that surrounds the notochord.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000183", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001076 name: spinous process of vertebra def: "The spinous process of a vertebra is directed backward and downward from the junction of the laminae (in humans), and serves for the attachment of muscles and ligaments. In animals without an erect stance, the process points upward and may slant forward or backward. Spinous processes are exaggerated in some animals, such as the extinct Dimetrodon and Spinosaurus, where they form a sail- or finback." [Wikipedia:Spinous_process] comment: Editor notes: todo - reconcile AAO def: "Small, posteriorly directed process at the posterior margin of each neural arch lamina; it is not a neural spine." [AAO:0000739] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cépine neurale@fr" RELATED [TAO:0001336] synonym: "neuracanthe@fr" RELATED [TAO:0001336] synonym: "neural spine" RELATED [] synonym: "processus spinosus" EXACT [] synonym: "processus spinosus vertebrae" EXACT [] synonym: "spinous process" BROAD [] synonym: "vertebra spinous process" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000705 xref: AAO:0000739 xref: EMAPA:25107 xref: FMA:11948 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Processusspinosusvertebrae.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Processusspinosusvertebrae.png/200px-Processusspinosusvertebrae.png xref: MA:0001455 xref: SCTID:264259004 xref: TAO:0001336 xref: ZFA:0001336 is_a: UBERON:0006061 ! process of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of mid-dorsal keel (AAO:0000735)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000705", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Elaboration of the mid-dorsal keel into a posterior or posterolateral process.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000705", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008"} property_value: external_definition "Neural spines are extensions of neural arches dorsal to the neural canal in the median skeletogenous septum. Neural spines are typically unpaired median structures but can be paired in some instances, e.g., in the abdominal region of basal teleosts such as Leptolepis, Elops, Megalops, and Hiodon).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001336", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Small, posteriorly directed process at the posterior margin of each neural arch lamina; it is not a neural spine.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000739", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001077 name: transverse process of vertebra def: "The transverse or costal processes of a vertebra, two in number, project one at either side from the point where the lamina joins the pedicle, between the superior and inferior articular processes. They serve for the attachment of muscles and ligaments. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transverse_process] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "processus transversus" EXACT [] synonym: "processus transversus vertebrae" EXACT [] synonym: "transverse process" EXACT [] synonym: "vertebra transverse process" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000698 xref: FMA:11949 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Processustransversusvertebrae.PNG/200px-Processustransversusvertebrae.PNG xref: MA:0001456 xref: SCTID:264238006 xref: XAO:0003102 is_a: UBERON:0006061 ! process of vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001078 name: pedicle of vertebra def: "The pedicles are two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the body, at the junction of its posterior and lateral surfaces. They connect the body of the spinal vertebra to the arch. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pedicle_of_vertebral_arch] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pedicle" BROAD [] synonym: "pedicle of vertebral arch" EXACT [FMA:11950] synonym: "pediculus arcus vertebrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "pediculus arcus vertebrae, radix arcus vertebrae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pedicle_of_vertebral_arch] synonym: "vertebral pedicle" EXACT [FMA:11950] xref: FMA:11950 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Pediculusarcusvertebrae.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Pediculusarcusvertebrae.png/200px-Pediculusarcusvertebrae.png xref: MA:0001458 xref: ncithesaurus:Pedicle_of_Vertebral_Arch xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYdjdJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:277422007 is_a: UBERON:0006061 ! process of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001079 name: superior articular process of vertebra def: "Paired processes at the cephalic end of the neural arch. The articular facets of the prezygapophyses face dorsomedially and articulate with the lateroventrally facing facets of the postzygapophyses of the preceding vertebra." [AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008] comment: TODO - add distinct classes for hemal vs neural? subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cranial articular process of vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "neural prezygapophyses" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001325] synonym: "neural prezygapophysis" EXACT [ZFA:0001325] synonym: "neural prezygopophyses" EXACT [ZFA:0001325] synonym: "prezygapophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "processus articularis superior" EXACT [] synonym: "vertebra cranial articular process" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000703 xref: FMA:11953 xref: http://www.informatics.jax.org/cookbook/figures/figure20.shtml xref: MA:0001452 xref: SCTID:42424006 xref: TAO:0001325 xref: ZFA:0001325 is_a: UBERON:0006062 ! articular process of vertebra property_value: external_definition "Paired, anteromedially directed processes from the neural arches, ligamentously joined to the postzygapophyses of the preceding vertebra.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001325", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001080 name: inferior articular process of vertebra def: "Paired processes at the caudal end of the neural arch. The articular facets of the postzygapophyses face lateroventrally and articulate with the dorsomedially facing facets of the prezygapophyses of the succeeding vertebra." [AAO:LAP] comment: TODO - add distinct classes for hemal vs neural? subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal articular process of vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "neural postzygapophyses" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000681] synonym: "neural postzygapophysis" NARROW [ZFA:0000681] synonym: "neural postzygopophyses" RELATED [TAO:0000681] synonym: "neural postzygopophysis" EXACT [ZFA:0000681] synonym: "postzygapophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "processus articularis inferior" EXACT [] synonym: "processus obliquus posterior" RELATED [AAO:0000702] synonym: "vertebra caudal articular process" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000702 xref: FMA:11954 xref: MA:0001451 xref: SCTID:30079000 xref: TAO:0000681 xref: ZFA:0000681 is_a: UBERON:0006062 ! articular process of vertebra property_value: external_definition "Paired, dorsomedially directed processes on the posterior ends of the centra, ligamentously joined to the neural prezygapophyses of the immediately posterior vertebra.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000681", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001081 name: endocardium of ventricle def: "Endocardium that is part of the cardiac ventricle." [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac ventricle endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endocardium of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endocardium of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endocardium of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endocardium of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart ventricle endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0000607] synonym: "ventricle endocardium" EXACT [] synonym: "ventricle of heart endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricular endocardium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:12148 xref: MA:0000079 xref: SCTID:192172004 xref: TAO:0002247 xref: VHOG:0000607 xref: ZFA:0001615 is_a: UBERON:0000487 ! simple squamous epithelium is_a: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 intersection_of: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0001082 name: epicardium of ventricle def: "The external layer of the ventricle bounding the ventricular myocardium. It is formed by a single layer of mesothelial cells supported by a basal lamina, and imbricated with collagen, fibroblasts, and vascular structures in the subepicardial space. Hu et al. 2001.." [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac ventricle epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac ventricle heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac ventricle visceral serous pericardium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epicardium of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epicardium of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epicardium of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epicardium of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart epicardium of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart epicardium of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart epicardium of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart epicardium of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart ventricle epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart ventricle heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart ventricle visceral serous pericardium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart visceral serous pericardium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle of heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle of heart heart epicardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle of heart visceral serous pericardium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricular epicardium" EXACT [] synonym: "visceral serous pericardium of heart of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral serous pericardium of heart of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral serous pericardium of heart of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral serous pericardium of heart of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:12150 xref: TAO:0005058 xref: ZFA:0005058 is_a: UBERON:0002348 ! epicardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 intersection_of: UBERON:0002348 ! epicardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle property_value: external_definition "The external layer of the ventricle bounding the ventricular myocardium. It is formed by a single layer of mesothelial cells supported by a basal lamina, and imbricated with collagen, fibroblasts, and vascular structures in the subepicardial space. Hu et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005058", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001083 name: myocardium of ventricle def: "Muscular layer of the cardiac ventricle composed of a compact myocardial layer surrounding the trabecular layer." [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac muscle of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac ventricle cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac ventricle heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac ventricle heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac ventricle muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac ventricle myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart ventricle cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart ventricle heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart ventricle heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart ventricle muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart ventricle myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0000604] synonym: "ventricle myocardium" EXACT [] synonym: "ventricle of heart cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle of heart heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle of heart heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle of heart muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricular myocardium" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0003088 xref: FMA:12151 xref: MA:0000082 xref: SCTID:192084000 xref: TAO:0005061 xref: VHOG:0000604 xref: ZFA:0005061 is_a: UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 intersection_of: UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle property_value: external_definition "Muscular layer of the cardiac ventricle composed of a compact myocardial layer surrounding the trabecular layer Hu et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005061", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "As noted, the hearts of birds and mammals have four chambers that arises from the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the fish heart.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000604", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.481", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001084 name: skin of head def: "A zone of skin that is part of a head [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "adult head zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head skin" EXACT [] synonym: "head zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:12166 xref: FMA:24756 xref: MA:0000582 xref: ncithesaurus:Head_Skin xref: SCTID:181484006 is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0001085 name: skin of trunk def: "A zone of skin that is part of a trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "torso zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk skin" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:12167 xref: FMA:23093 xref: MA:0000517 xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Trunk xref: SCTID:181489001 is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0001086 name: obsolete articular cartilage comment: obsoleted as it conflated two distinct classes is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0010996 consider: UBERON:0011002 [Term] id: UBERON:0001087 name: pleural fluid def: "Transudate contained in the pleural cavity.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Pleural_fluid] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0003080 xref: FMA:12273 xref: MA:0002532 xref: MAT:0000500 xref: ncithesaurus:Pleural_Fluid is_a: UBERON:0007794 {source="FMA"} ! serous fluid relationship: part_of UBERON:0002402 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0001088 name: urine def: "Excretion in liquid state processed by the kidney.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Urine] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001419 xref: EFO:0001939 xref: ENVO:00002047 xref: FMA:12274 xref: GAID:1189 xref: galen:Urine xref: MA:0002545 xref: MAT:0000058 xref: MESH:A.12.207.927 xref: MIAA:0000058 xref: ncithesaurus:Urine xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjGppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000174 ! excreta [Term] id: UBERON:0001089 name: sweat def: "Secretion produced by a sweat gland.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Sweat] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "skin exudate" RELATED [BTO:0001254] xref: BTO:0001254 xref: ENVO:02000025 xref: FMA:12275 xref: GAID:1172 xref: MA:0002539 xref: MESH:A.12.200.849 xref: ncithesaurus:Sweat xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion [Term] id: UBERON:0001090 name: synovial fluid def: "Transudate contained in the synovial cavity of joints, and in the cavity of tendon sheaths and bursae.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Synovial_fluid] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "joint fluid" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001339 xref: ENVO:02000039 xref: FMA:12277 xref: GAID:265 xref: galen:SynovialFluid xref: MA:0002544 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.443.800.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Synovial_Fluid xref: TAO:0005154 xref: ZFA:0005154 is_a: UBERON:0007794 {source="FMA"} ! serous fluid relationship: part_of UBERON:0007617 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007617 ! synovial cavity of joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0007617 ! synovial cavity of joint property_value: external_definition "Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the space in synovial joints.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005154", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001091 name: calcareous tooth def: "Organ with a cavity which consist of dentine surrounded by enamel. Examples: incisor, molar." [FMA:12516, Wikipedia:Tooth, Wikipedia:Tooth_(animal)] comment: Editors note: we place ZFA ctb 5 tooth here for now. This will eventually belong in phenoscape_ext. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dentine containing tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "vertebrate tooth" EXACT [] xref: AEO:0000220 xref: BTO:0000397 xref: EFO:0000839 xref: EHDAA2:0004605 xref: EHDAA:8009 xref: EHDAA:8045 xref: EV:0100063 xref: FMA:12516 xref: GAID:1260 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Teeth_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/200px-Teeth_by_David_Shankbone.jpg xref: MA:0000348 xref: MAT:0000041 xref: MESH:A.14.254.860 xref: MIAA:0000041 xref: ncithesaurus:Tooth xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjUEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302214001 xref: TAO:0001625 xref: VHOG:0000127 xref: VHOG:0001733 xref: XAO:0000431 xref: ZFA:0000694 is_a: UBERON:0003913 ! tooth-like structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005087 {evidence="definitional"} ! tooth placode relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000930 {source="XAO-modified"} ! stomodeum relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005176 {source="ZFA-modified"} ! tooth enamel organ relationship: has_part UBERON:0001751 ! dentine relationship: has_part UBERON:0001752 ! enamel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:32523"} ! mouth property_value: homology_notes "The ancestor of recent vertebrate teeth was a tooth-like structure on the outer body surface of jawless fishes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001733", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:19266065 Koussoulakou DS, Margaritis LH, Koussoulakos SL, A curriculum vitae of teeth: evolution, generation, regeneration. International Journal of Biological Sciences (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 [Term] id: UBERON:0001092 name: first cervical vertebra def: "." [Wikipedia:Atlas_(anatomy)] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "atlas" EXACT [] synonym: "Atlas (CI)" EXACT [] synonym: "C1" BROAD [] synonym: "C1 vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "cervical atlas" EXACT [MP:0011576] synonym: "cervical vertebra 1" EXACT [] synonym: "vertebra 1" EXACT [TAO:0001167] xref: AAO:0000709 xref: EHDAA:10606 xref: FMA:12519 xref: GAID:236 xref: MA:0001421 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.834.151.213 xref: ncithesaurus:C1_Vertebra xref: TAO:0001167 xref: ZFA:0001167 is_a: UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0001093 ! second cervical vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0001676 {source="FMA", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:40674"} ! occipital bone property_value: external_definition "First postcranial vertebra, which is modified anteriorly to articulate with the skull.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000709", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994"} property_value: external_definition "Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to the neurocranium.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001167", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: vertebra_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0001093 name: second cervical vertebra def: "second cervical vertebra (C2) of the spine." [Wikipedia:Axis_(anatomy)] comment: note: not the same as ZFA term 'axis' subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "axis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MA:0001422] synonym: "axis (CII)" EXACT [] synonym: "C2" BROAD [] synonym: "C2 vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "cervical axis" EXACT [MP:0004608] synonym: "cervical vertebra 2" EXACT [MA:0001422] synonym: "vertebra 2" EXACT [ZFA:0001168] xref: EHDAA:10608 xref: FMA:12520 xref: GAID:237 xref: MA:0001422 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.834.151.383 xref: ncithesaurus:C2_Vertebra xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-zaJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0001168 xref: ZFA:0001168 is_a: UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0001092 {source="FMA"} ! first cervical vertebra property_value: external_definition "Vertebra that is posteriorly adjacent to vertebra 1.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001168", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: vertebra_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0001094 name: sacral vertebra subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sacral segment" EXACT [] synonym: "segment of sacrum" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18336 xref: FMA:12526 xref: galen:SacralVertebra xref: MA:0000313 xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Vertebra xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-ZsXpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361773005 xref: XAO:0003078 is_a: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra is_a: UBERON:0003828 ! abdominal segment bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone is_a: UBERON:0005179 ! pelvis organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 intersection_of: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010745 ! sacral vertebra cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0001095 name: caudal vertebra def: "bones in the tails or coccyx of mammals. In zebrafish: Vertebra bearing a hemal arch and spine. The most posterior caudal vertebrae support the caudal fin and are referred to as preural vertebrae." [Wikipedia:Caudal_vertebra, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal vertebrae" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "tail vertebra" RELATED [MA:0000310] xref: EMAPA:18374 xref: MA:0000310 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9IEzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0000326 xref: XAO:0003079 xref: ZFA:0000326 is_a: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006076 intersection_of: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006076 ! caudal region of vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0006076 ! caudal region of vertebral column property_value: external_definition "Vertebrae bearing a hemal arch and spine. The most posterior caudal vertebrae support the caudal fin and are referred to as preural vertebrae.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000326", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001096 name: wall of esophagus def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a esophagus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "anatomical wall of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophageal wall" EXACT [] synonym: "esophagus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophagus wall" EXACT [] synonym: "gullet anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:12611 xref: MA:0002691 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0001097 name: axillary lymph node def: "The Axillary lymph nodes are of large size, vary from twenty to thirty in number, and may be arranged in the following groups: brachial lymph nodes (or 'lateral') pectoral axillary lymph nodes (or 'anterior') subscapular axillary lymph nodes (or 'posterior') central lymph nodes apical lymph nodes (or 'medial' or 'subclavicular') [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Axillary_lymph_node, Wikipedia:Axillary_lymph_nodes] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "axillary node" EXACT [] synonym: "nodi lymphoidei axillares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_lymph_nodes] xref: FMA:12771 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Gray607.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Gray607.png/200px-Gray607.png xref: MA:0000735 xref: ncithesaurus:Axillary_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:181759007 is_a: UBERON:0003968 ! peripheral lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0001098 name: incisor tooth def: "Incisors are the first kind of tooth in heterodont mammals. They are located in the premaxilla above and mandible below. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Incisor_tooth] comment: Humans normally have eight (8) incisors; Among other animals, some other primates, cats and horses have twelve. Rodents have four, while Foxes have nine. Rabbits and hares (lagomorphs) were once considered rodents, but are distinguished by having eight — one small pair, called 'peg teeth', is located directly behind the most anterior pair. Incisors are used to bite off tough foods, such as red meat subset: uberon_slim synonym: "incisor" EXACT [MA:0000349] xref: BTO:0001741 xref: EHDAA:8011 xref: EHDAA:8047 xref: FMA:12823 xref: GAID:1263 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gray997.png/200px-Gray997.png xref: MA:0000349 xref: MESH:A.14.254.860.425 xref: ncithesaurus:Incisor xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP1ch5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:420856006 is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003672 ! dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0001099 name: subcostal vein def: "The subcostal vein is a vein in the human body that runs along the bottom of the twelfth rib. It has the same essential qualities as the posterior intercostal veins, except that it cannot be considered intercostal because it is not between two ribs. Each subcostal vein gives off a posterior (dorsal) branch which has a similar distribution to the posterior ramus of an intercostal artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subcostal_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena subcostalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subcostal_vein] xref: FMA:12845 xref: MA:0002222 xref: ncithesaurus:Subcostal_Vein xref: SCTID:25248001 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001100 name: pectoralis minor def: "The Pectoralis minor is a thin, triangular muscle, situated at the upper part of the chest, beneath the Pectoralis major. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pectoralis_minor_muscle] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus pectoralis minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectoralis_minor_muscle] synonym: "pectoralis minor muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "supracoracoideus" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "supracoracoideus muscle" NARROW SENSU [] xref: EHDAA2:0001425 xref: EHDAA:8313 xref: EMAPA:18180 xref: FMA:13109 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Pectoralis_minor.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Pectoralis_minor.png/200px-Pectoralis_minor.png xref: MA:0002355 xref: ncithesaurus:Pectoralis_Minor xref: SCTID:181625002 xref: VHOG:0000902 is_a: UBERON:0001495 {source="FMA"} ! pectoral muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0007174 {notes="medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula", source="dbpedia"} ! medial border of scapula relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 {notes="third to fifth ribs near their costal cartilages", source="dbpedia"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0001101 name: external jugular vein def: "The external jugular vein receives the greater part of the blood from the exterior of the cranium and the deep parts of the face, being formed by the junction of the posterior division of the posterior facial with the posterior auricular vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:External_jugular_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "external jugular" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000468] synonym: "external jugular venous tree" EXACT [] synonym: "vena jugularis externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_jugular_vein] xref: AAO:0010508 xref: EHDAA2:0000468 xref: EHDAA:9887 xref: EMAPA:17875 xref: FMA:13110 xref: galen:ExternalJugularVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png xref: MA:0002156 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Jugular_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvrm0c5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181373000 xref: XAO:0000379 is_a: UBERON:0004711 ! jugular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from the muscles of the head and tongue and the thyroid gland.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010508", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001102 name: cartilage of main bronchus def: "A cartilage that is part of a main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "bronchus principalis cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilaginous ring of main bronchus" EXACT [EMAPA:19092] synonym: "main bronchial cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "main bronchus cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "primary bronchus cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19092 xref: FMA:13117 xref: MA:0001846 is_a: UBERON:0001956 ! cartilage of bronchus is_a: UBERON:0003590 ! main bronchus connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0001103 name: diaphragm def: "The diaphragm is a skeletal muscle that is responsible for contraction and expansion of the lungs[GO]." [GO:0060539, Wikipedia:Thoracid_diaphragm] comment: The existence of some membrane separating the pharynx from the stomach can be traced widely among the chordates. Thus amphioxus possesses an atrium by which water exits the pharynx, which has been argued (and disputed) to be homologous to structures in ascidians and hagfishes.[3] The urochordate epicardium separates digestive organs from the pharynx and heart, but the anus returns to the upper compartment to discharge wastes through an outgoing siphon (Thoracic_diaphragm#Comparative_anatomy_and_evolution) subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "diaphragm muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000341] synonym: "midriff" RELATED [BTO:0000341] synonym: "phren" RELATED [BTO:0000341] synonym: "thoracic diaphragm" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000341 xref: EFO:0000937 xref: EHDAA2:0003495 xref: EMAPA:17701 xref: EV:0100376 xref: FMA:13295 xref: GAID:158 xref: MA:0001904 xref: MAT:0000502 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.900.300 xref: ncithesaurus:Diaphragm xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVivz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181614006 xref: VHOG:0000713 is_a: UBERON:0002426 ! chest muscle is_a: UBERON:0003831 ! respiratory system muscle is_a: UBERON:0003898 ! skeletal muscle of trunk is_a: UBERON:0004830 ! respiratory system skeletal muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010084 {evidence="definitional"} ! future diaphragm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system property_value: external_definition "A musculomembranous partition separating the abdominal and thoraic cavities and functioning in respiration. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000713", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/diaphragm"} property_value: homology_notes "The mammals are characterized by a diaphragm, which separates the thoracic portion of the body cavity from the abdominal region and assists in drawing air into the lungs and forcing it out. Modern reptiles lack a muscular diaphragm and it is reasonable to suppose that the diaphragm developed as a new device that made possible a large degree of oxygen intake for active animals. The change may have taken place during the transition from reptile to mammal (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000713", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471384618 Colbert EH, Evolution of the vertebrates: a history of the backboned animals through time (2001) p.278", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 {source="Wikipedia:Thoracic_diaphragm#Comparative_anatomy_and_evolution"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001104 name: anterior jugular vein def: "The anterior jugular vein begins near the hyoid bone by the confluence of several superficial veins from the submaxillary region. It descends between the median line and the anterior border of the Sternocleidomastoideus, and, at the lower part of the neck, passes beneath that muscle to open into the termination of the external jugular, or, in some instances, into the subclavian vein. It varies considerably in size, bearing usually an inverse proportion to the external jugular; most frequently there are two anterior jugulars, a right and left; but sometimes only one. Its tributaries are some laryngeal veins, and occasionally a small thyroid vein. Just above the sternum the two anterior jugular veins communicate by a transverse trunk, the venous jugular arch, which receive tributaries from the inferior thyroid veins; each also communicates with the internal jugular. There are no valves in this vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_jugular_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior external jugular vein" EXACT [] synonym: "vena jugularis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_jugular_vein] xref: FMA:13318 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray558.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gray558.png/200px-Gray558.png xref: MA:0002155 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Jugular_Vein xref: SCTID:65478008 is_a: UBERON:0004711 ! jugular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001105 name: clavicle def: "In human anatomy, the clavicle or collar bone is classified as a flat bone that makes up part of the shoulder girdle. It receives its name from the Latin clavicula ('little key') because the bone rotates along its axis like a key when the shoulder is abducted. This movement is palpable. In some people, particularly females who may have less fat in this region, the location of the bone is clearly visible as it creates a bulge in the skin. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Clavicle] comment: Taxon notes: The clavicle first appears as part of the skeleton in primitive bony fish, where it is associated with the pectoral fin; they also have a bone called the cleithrum. In such fish, the paired clavicles run behind and below the gills on each side, and are joined by a solid symphysis on the fish's underside. They are, however, absent in cartilagenous fish and in the vast majority of living bony fish, including all of the teleosts[ISBN 0-03-910284-X] AO Notes: FMA and MA differ in whether they consider this part of the shoulder. Development notes: In most birds and mammals the clavicles are the only dermal elements in the trunk, and is the only membrane bone associated with the pectoral girdle in these taxa. However, there can be secondary cartilage, or subsequent endochondral ossification, or fusion with endochondral elements. In rodents, the lateral ends of the clavicle are endochondral but the main portion is dermal.[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "clavicle bone" EXACT [VSAO:0005031] synonym: "clavicula" EXACT [VSAO:0005031] synonym: "collar bone" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000761 xref: EMAPA:18721 xref: FMA:13321 xref: GAID:182 xref: galen:Clavicle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg/200px-Pectoral_girdles-en.svg.png xref: MA:0001329 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087.227 xref: ncithesaurus:Clavicle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjijZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181910004 xref: VHOG:0000849 xref: VSAO:0005031 is_a: UBERON:0002495 {source="FMA"} ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0003461 {source="MA"} ! shoulder bone is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000975 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! sternum relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010905 {editor="mah", source="ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4"} ! clavicle bone primordium relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010843 {source="ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4", notes="from secondary cartilage of fusion"} ! clavicle cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="FMA", source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of pectoral girdle property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of zonal element (AAO:0000936)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000761", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Slender, paired bones of intramembranous origin that invest the anterior margins of the procoracoids.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000761", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "In early tetrapods, the connecting skull bone, the posttemporal, and adjoining shoulder bones, supracleithrum and postcleithrum (=anocleithrum), are absent, leaving a dermal shoulder girdle composed of the remaining ventral elements: the paired cleithrum and clavicle, and an unpaired midventral interclavicle that joins both halves of the girdle across the midline. (...) Several dermal elements of the shoulder persist in early synapsids. The clavicle and interclavicle are present in therapsids and monotremes, but in marsupials and placentals, the interclavicle is absent, the clavicle often is reduced in size, and the scapula becomes the predominant shoulder element.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000849", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.330-333 and Figure 9.18", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001106 name: cephalic vein def: "In human anatomy, the cephalic vein is a superficial vein of the upper limb. It is also called the antecubital vein. It communicates with the basilic vein via the median cubital vein at the elbow and is located in the superficial fascia along the anterolateral surface of the biceps brachii muscle. Superiorly the cephalic vein passes between the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles and through the deltopectoral triangle, where it empties into the axillary vein. It is often visible through the skin, and its location in the deltopectoral groove is fairly consistent, making this site a good candidate for cannulation. It is often referred to as the 'House-man's Friend' for this reason and is generally a good place for cannulaton when a large bore cannula needs to be sited. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cephalic_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cephalic vein of forearm" EXACT [] synonym: "vena cephalica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cephalic_vein] synonym: "vena cephalica antebrachii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13324, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:25075 xref: FMA:13324 xref: galen:CephalicVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Gray574.png xref: MA:0002092 xref: ncithesaurus:Cephalic_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwTpbQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181391005 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003507 ! arm blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 {source="FMA/obol"} ! axillary vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001107 name: sternohyoid def: "The sternohyoid muscle is a thin, narrow muscle attaching the hyoid bone to the sternum, one of the paired strap muscles of the infrahyoid muscles serving to depress the hyoid bone. It is innervated by the ansa cervicalis. The muscle arises from the posterior border of the medial end of the clavicle, the posterior sternoclavicular ligament, and the upper and posterior part of the manubrium sterni. Passing upward and medially, it is inserted by short tendinous fibers into the lower border of the body of the hyoid bone. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle] comment: AO notes: Note that as defined here, this structure attaches to the sternum, which is a tetrapod structure. TAO has class 'sternohyoid' as part of mandibular muscle, but no sternum, so excluded here. The TAO/ZFA class has no definition, but the dictionary of icthyology states: "a large muscle originating on the ventral spine of the postcleithrum and inserting on the sides of the urohyal. It functions in rapid opening of the jaw and expanding the buccal cavity" - a generic way of grouping these is via a hyoid - girdle connection subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "musculus sternohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle] synonym: "sternohyoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle] synonym: "sternohyoidei" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle] synonym: "sternohyoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle] synonym: "sternohyoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternohyoid_muscle] xref: EMAPA:19271 xref: FMA:13341 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Sternohyoid_muscle.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Sternohyoid_muscle.PNG/200px-Sternohyoid_muscle.PNG xref: MA:0002383 xref: ncithesaurus:Sternohyoid xref: SCTID:244830003 is_a: UBERON:0008523 {source="FMA"} ! infrahyoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001685 {source="dbpedia"} ! hyoid bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0005430 {source="dbpedia"} ! ansa cervicalis relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002205 {source="dbpedia", notes="manubrium of sternum"} ! manubrium of sternum property_value: external_definition "The sternohyoid is a somitic muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the cervical plexus; it attaches to the hyoid appratus and the sternum.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001108 name: omohyoid def: "The omohyoid muscle is a muscle at the front of the neck that consists of two bellies separated by an intermediate tendon. It belongs to the group of infrahyoid muscles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Omohyoid_muscle] comment: interior and superior belly subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus omohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Omohyoid_muscle] synonym: "omohyoid muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "omohyoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Omohyoid_muscle] synonym: "omohyoideus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Omohyoid_muscle] xref: FMA:13342 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Gray1210.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Gray1210.png/200px-Gray1210.png xref: MA:0002348 xref: ncithesaurus:Omohyoid xref: SCTID:244833001 is_a: UBERON:0008523 {source="FMA"} ! infrahyoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001685 {source="dbpedia"} ! hyoid bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0005430 {source="dbpedia"} ! ansa cervicalis property_value: external_definition "The omohyoid is a somitic muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the cervical plexus; it attaches to the hyoid appratus and the scapula.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001109 name: sternothyroid def: "The Sternothyreoideus (or Sternothyroid muscle) is shorter and wider than the Sternohyoideus, beneath which it is situated. It arises from the posterior surface of the manubrium sterni, below the origin of the Sternohyoideus, and from the edge of the cartilage of the first rib, and sometimes that of the second rib, it is inserted into the oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage. This muscle is in close contact with its fellow at the lower part of the neck, but diverges somewhat as it ascends; it is occasionally traversed by a transverse or oblique tendinous inscription. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus sternothyroideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle] synonym: "sterno-thyroideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle] synonym: "sternothyreoidei" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle] synonym: "sternothyreoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle] synonym: "sternothyroid muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "sternothyroideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternothyroid_muscle] xref: EMAPA:19272 xref: FMA:13343 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Sternothyroideus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Sternothyroideus.png/200px-Sternothyroideus.png xref: MA:0002386 xref: ncithesaurus:Sternothyroid xref: SCTID:244831004 is_a: UBERON:0008523 {source="FMA"} ! infrahyoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001738 {source="dbpedia"} ! thyroid cartilage relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0005430 {source="dbpedia"} ! ansa cervicalis relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002205 {source="dbpedia"} ! manubrium of sternum property_value: external_definition "The sternothyroid is a somitic muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the cervical plexus; it attaches to the thyroid cartilage and the sternum.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001110 name: thyrohyoid muscle def: "The thyrohyoid muscle is a small, quadrilateral muscle appearing like an upward continuation of the Sternothyreoideus. It belongs to the infrahyoid muscles group. It arises from the oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage, and is inserted into the lower border of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus thyrohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle] synonym: "thyreohyoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle] synonym: "thyreohyoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle] synonym: "thyrohyoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle] synonym: "thyrohyoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyrohyoid_muscle] xref: EMAPA:19273 xref: EMAPA:25143 xref: FMA:13344 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Thyrohyoid_muscle.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Thyrohyoid_muscle.PNG/200px-Thyrohyoid_muscle.PNG xref: MA:0002393 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyrohyoid xref: SCTID:244832006 is_a: UBERON:0008523 {source="FMA"} ! infrahyoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001685 {source="dbpedia"} ! hyoid bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000962 {notes="first cervical nerve via hypoglossal nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! cervical nerve relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001650 {notes="first cervical nerve via hypoglossal nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! hypoglossal nerve property_value: external_definition "The thyrohyoid is a somitic muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by C1 and Cranial Nerve XII ; it attaches to the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid apparatus.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001111 name: intercostal muscle def: "Intercostal muscles are several groups of muscles that run between the ribs, and help form and move the chest wall. There are three principal layers; the external intercostal muscles, which aid in quiet and forced inhalation. They originate on ribs 1-11 and have their insertion on ribs 2-12. The external intercostals are responsible for the elevation of the ribs, and expanding the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. Located around the ribs the internal intercostal muscles, which aid in forced expiration (quiet expiration is a passive process). They originate on ribs 2-12 and have their insertions on ribs 1-11. The internal intercostals are responsible for the depression of the ribs decreasing the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. the innermost intercostal muscle, the deep layers of the internal intercostal muscles which are separated from them by the neurovascular bundle. Both the external and internal muscles are innervated by the intercostal nerves, and are provided by the intercostal arteries and intercostal veins. Their fibers run in opposite directions. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intercostal_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intercostales" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0001368 xref: EHDAA2:0000841 xref: EHDAA:5988 xref: FMA:13354 xref: GAID:159 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Gray411.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Gray411.png/200px-Gray411.png xref: MA:0002324 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.900.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Intercostal_Muscle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQo8QJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181746004 xref: VHOG:0000903 is_a: UBERON:0002426 {source="FMA"} ! chest muscle is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010970 {source="EHDAA2"} ! intercostal pre-muscle mass relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 {source="dbpedia", notes="ribs 2-12"} ! rib relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003727 {source="dbpedia"} ! intercostal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 {notes="ribs 1-11", source="dbpedia"} ! rib property_value: homology_notes "Inspiration by active expansion of the thorax evolved later, in the ancestor of reptiles, birds, and mammals. This was powered originally by the intercostal muscles (as in lizards or crocodilians) and later (in mammals only) by a muscular diaphragm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000903", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0262112789 Kent RD, The MIT Encyclopedia of Communication Disorders (20039 p.56", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001112 name: latissimus dorsi muscle def: "The latissimus dorsi is the larger, flat, dorso-lateral muscle on the trunk, posterior to the arm, and partly covered by the trapezius on its median dorsal region. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Latissimus_dorsi_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "latissimus dorsi" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus latissimus dorsi" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus latissimus dorsi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Latissimus_dorsi_muscle] xref: EFO:0003067 xref: EHDAA2:0000932 xref: EHDAA:8307 xref: EMAPA:18178 xref: FMA:13357 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Latissimus_dorsi.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Latissimus_dorsi.png/200px-Latissimus_dorsi.png xref: MA:0002331 xref: ncithesaurus:Musculus_Latissimus_Dorsi xref: SCTID:181747008 xref: VHOG:0000930 is_a: UBERON:0001482 ! muscle of shoulder is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010982 {source="EHDAA2"} ! latissimus dorsi pre-muscle mass relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001476 {source="dbpedia"} ! deltoid relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002380 {source="dbpedia"} ! trapezius relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 {notes="floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus", source="dbpedia"} ! humerus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007175 {source="dbpedia", notes="spinous processes of thoracic T7-T12 thoracolumbar fascia iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs inferior angle of scapula"} ! inferior angle of scapula relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0001113 name: lobe of liver def: "Traditional gross anatomy divided the liver into four lobes based on surface features. The falciform ligament is visible on the front (anterior side) of the liver. This divides the liver into a left anatomical lobe, and a right anatomical lobe." [Wikipedia:Liver#Lobes] comment: editor note: some work needs to be done to ensure the child terms of this class have correct isa/partof placement. in MA they are subclasses, in FMA they are parts synonym: "hepatic lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "liver lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus hepatis" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18306 xref: FMA:13361 xref: MA:0000360 xref: ncithesaurus:Liver_Lobe xref: SCTID:245378000 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver [Term] id: UBERON:0001114 name: right lobe of liver def: "The right lobe is much larger than the left; the proportion between them being as six to one. It occupies the right hypochondrium, and is separated from the left lobe on its upper surface by the falciform ligament; on its under and posterior surfaces by the left sagittal fossa; and in front by the umbilical notch. It is of a somewhat quadrilateral form, its under and posterior surfaces being marked by three fossæ: the porta and the fossæ for the gall-bladder and inferior vena cava, which separate its left part into two smaller lobes; the quadrate and caudate lobes. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Right_lobe_of_liver] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "2nd lobe" RELATED [TAO:0005173] synonym: "gall bladder lobe" RELATED SENSU [ZFA:0005173] synonym: "liver right lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus hepaticus dexter" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "lobus hepatis dexter" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_lobe_of_liver] synonym: "right liver lobe" EXACT [ZFA:0005173] synonym: "second lobe" RELATED [TAO:0005173] xref: EHDAA2:0001008 xref: EHDAA:4001 xref: EMAPA:18311 xref: FMA:13362 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png/200px-Gray1087-liver.png xref: MA:0000363 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lobe_of_the_Liver xref: SCTID:362182008 xref: TAO:0005173 xref: VHOG:0001424 xref: ZFA:0005173 is_a: UBERON:0001113 ! lobe of liver property_value: external_definition "Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's right side adjacent to the gall bladder.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005173", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001115 name: left lobe of liver def: "The left lobe is smaller and more flattened than the right. It is situated in the epigastric and left hypochondriac regions. Its upper surface is slightly convex and is moulded on to the diaphragm; its under surface presents the gastric impression and omental tuberosity. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Left_lobe_of_liver] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "left liver lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "liver left lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus hepaticus sinister" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "lobus hepatis sinister" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_lobe_of_liver] xref: EHDAA2:0001000 xref: EHDAA:3995 xref: EMAPA:18307 xref: FMA:13363 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png/200px-Gray1087-liver.png xref: MA:0000361 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lobe_of_the_Liver xref: SCTID:362183003 xref: TAO:0005172 xref: VHOG:0001423 xref: ZFA:0005172 is_a: UBERON:0001113 ! lobe of liver property_value: external_definition "Portion of the liver which develops on the fish's left side.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005172", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001116 name: quadrate lobe of liver def: "The quadrate lobe is an area of the liver situated on the under surface of the right lobe, bounded in front by the anterior margin of the liver; behind by the porta hepatis; on the right, by the fossa for the gall-bladder; and on the left, by the fossa for the umbilical vein. It is oblong in shape, its antero-posterior diameter being greater than its transverse. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Quadrate_lobe_of_liver] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "liver quadrate lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus quadratus" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus quadratus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Quadrate_lobe_of_liver] xref: EHDAA2:0001012 xref: EHDAA:8082 xref: EMAPA:18318 xref: FMA:13364 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png/200px-Gray1087-liver.png xref: MA:0000365 xref: ncithesaurus:Lobus_Quadratus xref: SCTID:279929003 xref: VHOG:0000509 is_a: UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver property_value: external_definition "The portion of the right lobe of the liver between the gall bladder, the porta hepatis, the round ligament and the lower margin of the organ. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000509", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001117 name: caudate lobe of liver def: "The caudate lobe (posterior hepatic segment I, Spigelian lobe) is situated upon the postero-superior surface of the liver on the right lobe of the liver, opposite the tenth and eleventh thoracic vertebrae. It is bounded on the left side by the physiological division of the liver called the ligamentum venosum. It is bounded, below, by the porta; on the right, by the fossa for the inferior vena cava; and, on the left, by the fossa for the ductus venosus. It looks backward, being nearly vertical in position; it is longer from above downward than from side to side, and is somewhat concave in the transverse direction. The caudate process is a small elevation of the hepatic substance extending obliquely and laterally, from the lower extremity of the caudate lobe to the under surface of the right lobe. It is situated behind the porta, and separates the fossa for the gall-bladder from the commencement of the fossa for the inferior vena cava. Budd-Chiari syndrome, caused by occlusion of hepatic venous outflow, can lead to hypertrophy of the caudate lobe due to its own caval anastomosis that allows for continued function of this lobe of the liver. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Caudate_lobe_of_liver] comment: Editor/taxon notes: Check left vs right in mouse and human subset: uberon_slim synonym: "couinaud hepatic segment i" EXACT [FMA:13365] synonym: "hepatovenous segment i" EXACT [] synonym: "liver caudate lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "liver caudate process" RELATED [] synonym: "lobus caudatus" EXACT [] synonym: "pars posterior hepatis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13365, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior hepatic segment i" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior liver" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior part of liver" EXACT [] synonym: "segment hepatis posterius I, lobus caudatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Caudate_lobe_of_liver] synonym: "segment i of liver" EXACT [] synonym: "segmentum hepatis i" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13365, FMA:TA] synonym: "spiegelian lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "spigel lobe" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001005 xref: EHDAA:6990 xref: EMAPA:18313 xref: FMA:13365 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png/200px-Gray1087-liver.png xref: MA:0000364 xref: ncithesaurus:Lobus_Caudatus xref: SCTID:362184009 xref: VHOG:0000508 is_a: UBERON:0001114 {source="MA"} ! right lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 {source="FMA"} ! left lobe of liver property_value: external_definition "The portion of the right lobe of the liver between the fissure of the ligamentum venosum and the bare area of the liver. It ends into the superior recess of the lesser peritoneal sac. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000508", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The caudate lobe is the only real and constant hepatic lobe of mammals (...) .[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000508", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:1610084 Van Minh T, Galizia G, Lieto E, Anatomy of the caudate lobe of the liver. New aspects and surgical applications. (Article in French) Annales de chirurgie (1992)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001118 name: lobe of thyroid gland def: "The lobes of the thyroid gland are conical in shape, the apex of each being directed upward and lateralward as far as the junction of the middle with the lower third of the thyroid cartilage; the base looks downward, and is on a level with the fifth or sixth tracheal ring. Each lobe is about 5 cm. long; its greatest width is about 3 cm. , and its thickness about 2 cm. The lateral or superficial surface is convex, and covered by the skin, the superficial and deep fasciæ, the Sternocleidomastoideus, the superior belly of the Omohyoideus, the Sternohyoideus and Sternothyreoideus, and beneath the last muscle by the pretracheal layer of the deep fascia, which forms a capsule for the gland. The deep or medial surface is moulded over the underlying structures, viz. , the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, the trachea, the Constrictor pharyngis inferior and posterior part of the Cricothyreoideus, the esophagus (particularly on the left side of the neck), the superior and inferior thyroid arteries, and the recurrent nerves. The anterior border is thin, and inclines obliquely from above downward toward the middle line of the neck, while the posterior border is thick and overlaps the common carotid artery, and, as a rule, the parathyroids. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lobes_of_thyroid_gland] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lobuli glandulae thyroideae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lobes_of_thyroid_gland] synonym: "lobus (glandula thyroidea)" EXACT [] synonym: "thyroid gland lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "thyroid lobe" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0002032 xref: EMAPA:18196 xref: EMAPA:18830 xref: FMA:13367 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray1174.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Gray1174.png/200px-Gray1174.png xref: MA:0000131 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Gland_Lobe xref: SCTID:245537001 xref: VHOG:0000732 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland property_value: homology_notes "Thus, a thyroid capable of forming iodotyrosines and iodothyronines is present in all vertebrates. (...) Certain morphologic changes occur after the biochemical evolution of the thyroid has ceased. In the adult lamprey and in most bony fishes, the gland is not encapsulated. (...) In cartilaginous fish, the thyroid is encapsulated. In the higher vertebrate forms, the thyroid is a one- or two-lobed encapsulated structure.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000732", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://www.thyroidmanager.org/Chapter1/chapter01.htm"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001119 name: right lobe of thyroid gland synonym: "lobus dexter (glandula thyroidea)" EXACT [] synonym: "right thyroid lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "thyroid gland right lobe" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001759 xref: EMAPA:18198 xref: FMA:13368 xref: MA:0000729 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Thyroid_Gland_Lobe xref: SCTID:170482008 xref: VHOG:0000733 is_a: UBERON:0001118 ! lobe of thyroid gland relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002046 intersection_of: UBERON:0001118 ! lobe of thyroid gland intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland property_value: homology_notes "Thus, a thyroid capable of forming iodotyrosines and iodothyronines is present in all vertebrates. (...) Certain morphologic changes occur after the biochemical evolution of the thyroid has ceased. In the adult lamprey and in most bony fishes, the gland is not encapsulated. (...) In cartilaginous fish, the thyroid is encapsulated. In the higher vertebrate forms, the thyroid is a one- or two-lobed encapsulated structure.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000733", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://www.thyroidmanager.org/Chapter1/chapter01.htm"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001120 name: left lobe of thyroid gland synonym: "left thyroid lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus sinister (glandula thyroidea)" EXACT [] synonym: "thyroid gland left lobe" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000965 xref: EMAPA:18197 xref: FMA:13369 xref: MA:0000728 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Thyroid_Gland_Lobe xref: SCTID:170784008 xref: VHOG:0000734 is_a: UBERON:0001118 ! lobe of thyroid gland relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002046 intersection_of: UBERON:0001118 ! lobe of thyroid gland intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland property_value: homology_notes "Thus, a thyroid capable of forming iodotyrosines and iodothyronines is present in all vertebrates. (...) Certain morphologic changes occur after the biochemical evolution of the thyroid has ceased. In the adult lamprey and in most bony fishes, the gland is not encapsulated. (...) In cartilaginous fish, the thyroid is encapsulated. In the higher vertebrate forms, the thyroid is a one- or two-lobed encapsulated structure.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000734", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://www.thyroidmanager.org/Chapter1/chapter01.htm"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001121 name: longus colli muscle def: "The Longus colli muscle is a muscle of the human body. The Longus colli is situated on the anterior surface of the vertebral column, between the atlas and the third thoracic vertebra. It is broad in the middle, narrow and pointed at either end, and consists of three portions, a superior oblique, an inferior oblique, and a vertical. The superior oblique portion arises from the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third, fourth, and fifth cervical vertebræ and, ascending obliquely with a medial inclination, is inserted by a narrow tendon into the tubercle on the anterior arch of the atlas. The inferior oblique portion, the smallest part of the muscle, arises from the front of the bodies of the first two or three thoracic vertebræ; and, ascending obliquely in a lateral direction, is inserted into the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the fifth and sixth cervical vertebræ. The vertical portion arises, below, from the front of the bodies of the upper three thoracic and lower three cervical vertebræ, and is inserted into the front of the bodies of the second, third, and fourth cervical vertebræ. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longus_colli_muscle] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "longi colli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Longus_colli_muscle] synonym: "longus colli" EXACT [MA:0002341] synonym: "longus colli muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Longus_colli_muscle] synonym: "musculus longus colli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Longus_colli_muscle] xref: FMA:13370 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Longus_colli.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Longus_colli.png/200px-Longus_colli.png xref: MA:0002341 xref: ncithesaurus:Longus_Colli xref: SCTID:244836009 is_a: UBERON:0003830 ! thoracic segment muscle is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003996 {source="dbpedia"} ! arcus anterior relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 {source="dbpedia", notes="Transverse processes of C-5 to T-3"} ! transverse process of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0008818 {source="FMA"} ! superior mediastinum [Term] id: UBERON:0001122 name: scalenus medius def: "The Scalenus medius, the largest and longest of the three scalene muscles, arises from the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the lower six cervical vertebræ. It descendes along the side of the vertebral column to insert by a broad attachment into the upper surface of the first rib, between the tubercle and the subclavian groove. The brachial plexus and the subclavian artery pass anterior to it. Because it elevates the upper ribs, the middle scalene muscle is also one of the accessory muscles of respiration. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scalenus_medius] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "medial scalene muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "middle scalene" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus scalenus medius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13386, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus scalenus medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Scalenus_medius] synonym: "scalenus medius muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:13386 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Scalenus_medius.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Scalenus_medius.png/200px-Scalenus_medius.png xref: MA:0002370 xref: ncithesaurus:Scalenus_Medius xref: SCTID:244844009 is_a: UBERON:0002377 ! muscle of neck is_a: UBERON:0004518 ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004601 {source="dbpedia"} ! rib 1 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000962 {notes="Ventral rami of the third to eighth cervical spinal nerves", source="dbpedia"} ! cervical nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002413 {source="dbpedia"} ! cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001123 name: scalenus posterior def: "The Scalenus posterior (Scalenus posticus), the smallest and most deeply seated of the three Scaleni, arises, by two or three separate tendons, from the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the lower two or three cervical vertebræ, and is inserted by a thin tendon into the outer surface of the second rib, behind the attachment of the Serratus anterior. It is occasionally blended with the Scalenus medius. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scalenus_posterior] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus scalenus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13387, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus scalenus posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Scalenus_posterior] synonym: "posterior scalene" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior scalene muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "scalenus dorsalis" EXACT [] synonym: "scalenus dorsalis muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:13387 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Scalenus_posterior.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Scalenus_posterior.png/200px-Scalenus_posterior.png xref: MA:0002369 xref: ncithesaurus:Scalenus_Dorsalis is_a: UBERON:0002377 ! muscle of neck relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 {source="dbpedia", notes="transverse processes of C4 - C6"} ! transverse process of vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001124 name: pectoral limb scapula def: "In human anatomy, the scapula, omo (Medical Latin), or shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). The scapula forms the posterior (back) located part of the shoulder girdle. In humans, it is a flat bone, roughly triangular in shape, placed on a posterolateral aspect of the thoracic cage. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scapula] comment: Alternate definition: A scapula that is connected to a pectoral limb. Taxon notes: present in all tetrapods with even vestiges of anterior limbs, e.g., turtles & birds & mammals. Development notes: chick scapula is of dual origin and segmentally organized[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "shoulder blade" EXACT [] synonym: "tetrapod scapula" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000751 xref: BTO:0001218 xref: EFO:0001400 xref: EMAPA:18722 xref: FMA:13394 xref: GAID:186 xref: galen:Scapula xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Pectoral_girdles-en.svg/200px-Pectoral_girdles-en.svg.png xref: MA:0001330 xref: ncithesaurus:Scapula xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVji0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302517007 xref: VHOG:0001398 is_a: UBERON:0003461 ! shoulder bone is_a: UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006290 {evidence="definitional"} ! scapula cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 {source="FMA"} ! shoulder property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: has pars glenoidalis of scapula (AAO:0000753)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000751", ontology="AAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000751", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Paired bony elements of endochondral origin. They are situated at the level of the jaw articulation, in a vertical position, with the suprascapular margin being dorsal and the glenoid end being ventral.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000751", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001125 name: serratus anterior def: "The serratus anterior is a muscle that originates on the surface of the upper eight or nine ribs at the side of the chest and inserts along the entire anterior length of the medial border of the scapula. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Serratus_anterior_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Boxer's muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus serratus anterior, serratus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Serratus_anterior_muscle] synonym: "serratus anterior muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "serratus ventralis" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001832 xref: EHDAA:9463 xref: EMAPA:18525 xref: FMA:13397 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Serratus_anterior.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Serratus_anterior.png/200px-Serratus_anterior.png xref: MA:0002378 xref: ncithesaurus:Serratus_Ventralis xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWn_D5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181748003 xref: VHOG:0000679 is_a: UBERON:0001482 ! muscle of shoulder is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010986 {source="EHDAA2"} ! serratus anterior pre-muscle mass relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002380 {source="dbpedia"} ! trapezius relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006849 {notes="costal aspect of medial margin of the scapula", source="dbpedia"} ! scapula relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003726 {source="dbpedia", notes="long thoracic nerve"} ! thoracic nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 {notes="fleshy slips from the outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs", source="dbpedia"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0001126 name: serratus posterior superior muscle def: "The Serratus posterior superior is a thin, quadrilateral muscle, situated at the upper and back part of the thorax. It arises by a thin and broad aponeurosis from the lower part of the ligamentum nuchae, from the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and upper two or three thoracic vertebræ and from the supraspinal ligament. Inclining downward and lateralward it becomes muscular, and is inserted, by four fleshy digitations, into the upper borders of the second, third, fourth, and fifth ribs, a little beyond their angles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Serratus_posterior_superior_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "serratus dorsalis cranialis" EXACT [MA:0002377] synonym: "serratus dorsalis cranialis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "serratus posterior superior" EXACT [FMA:13401] synonym: "superior serratus posterior" EXACT [] xref: FMA:13401 xref: MA:0002377 xref: ncithesaurus:Serratus_Dorsalis_Cranialis xref: SCTID:244935007 is_a: UBERON:0003830 ! thoracic segment muscle is_a: UBERON:0011217 {source="FMA"} ! serratus posterior relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 {notes="rib 2 thru 5 in human", source="dbpedia"} ! rib relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003727 {source="dbpedia", notes="2 thru 5 in human"} ! intercostal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000351 ! nuchal ligament relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001076 {source="dbpedia", notes="C7 thru T3 in human"} ! spinous process of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0001127 name: serratus posterior inferior muscle def: "The Serratus posterior inferior muscle (or posterior serratus) is a muscle of the human body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Serratus_posterior_inferior_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior serratus posterior" EXACT [] synonym: "serratus dorsalis caudalis" EXACT [] synonym: "serratus posterior inferior" EXACT [FMA:13402] synonym: "serratus posterior inferior" RELATED [MA:0002376] xref: FMA:13402 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Serratus_posterior.PNG/200px-Serratus_posterior.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Serratus_posterior.PNG/250px-Serratus_posterior.PNG xref: MA:0002376 xref: ncithesaurus:Serratus_Dorsalis_Caudalis xref: SCTID:244936008 is_a: UBERON:0011217 {source="FMA"} ! serratus posterior relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 {notes="inferior border of 9th thru 12th in humans", source="dbpedia"} ! rib relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003727 {source="dbpedia", notes="T9 through T12 in human"} ! intercostal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002412 {notes="T11 through L2 in human", source="dbpedia"} ! vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001128 name: sternocleidomastoid def: "In human anatomy, the sternocleidomastoid muscle, also known as sternomastoid and commonly abbreviated as SCM, is a paired muscle in the superficial layers of the anterior portion of the neck. It acts to flex and rotate the head. It also acts as an accessory muscle of inspiration, along with the scalene muscles of the neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] comment: Editor notes: TODO: sternocleidomastoid = sternomastoid + Cleidomastoideus. Origin: from manubrium sterni (sterno) and clavicle (cleido) and it's insertion at the mastoid process of the temporal bone. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus sternocleidomastoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "sterno-cleido-mastoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "sterno-mastoid" EXACT [] synonym: "sterno-mastoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "sternocleidomastoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "sternocleidomastoid muscle" EXACT [BTO:0005125] synonym: "sternocleidomastoid muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "sternocleidomastoidei" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "sternocleidomastoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "sternocleidomastoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "sternocleidomastoids" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "sternomastoid" EXACT [] synonym: "sternomastoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "sternomastoid muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "sternomastoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] synonym: "supraclavicularis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternocleidomastoid_muscle] xref: BTO:0005125 xref: EMAPA:25137 xref: FMA:13407 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Gray512.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gray512.png/200px-Gray512.png xref: MA:0002384 xref: ncithesaurus:Sternocleidomastoid_Muscle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2bMg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181741009 xref: VHOG:0000853 is_a: UBERON:0002377 ! muscle of neck is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011364 ! cleidocephalicus muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010987 ! sterno-mastoid pre-muscle mass relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 {source="Wikipedia:Mastoid_process"} ! mastoid process of temporal bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003725 {source="dbpedia", notes="sensory: cervical plexus"} ! cervical plexus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 {source="dbpedia", notes="manubrium sterni medial portion of the clavicle"} ! clavicle relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002205 {source="dbpedia", notes="manubrium sterni medial portion of the clavicle"} ! manubrium of sternum property_value: homology_notes "The sternomastoid and the three parts of the trapezius are branchiomeric muscles that have secondarily acquired an attachment to the pectoral girdle. They evolved from the fish cucullaris.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000853", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.345", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001129 name: subscapularis muscle def: "The subscapularis is a large triangular muscle which fills the subscapular fossa and inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus and the front of the capsule of the shoulder-joint. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subscapularis_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus subscapularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subscapularis_muscle] synonym: "subcoracoscapularis" RELATED SENSU [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "subscapularis" EXACT [MA:0002388] xref: EHDAA2:0001943 xref: EHDAA:8317 xref: EMAPA:18181 xref: FMA:13413 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Gray411.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Gray411.png/200px-Gray411.png xref: MA:0002388 xref: ncithesaurus:Subscapularis xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rviCRIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:277446000 xref: VHOG:0000850 is_a: UBERON:0001482 ! muscle of shoulder is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010993 ! subscapularis pre-muscle mass relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 {notes="lesser tubercle of humerus", source="dbpedia"} ! humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003683 {source="Wikipedia"} ! rotator cuff relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0001130 name: vertebral column def: "Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all the vertebra and associated skeletal elements and joints in the body." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3530322&group_id=76834&atid=2257941, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Vertebral_column] comment: Editor notes: Note that in contrast to VSAO, this is a subset of the skeletal system, and thus includes intervertebral joints, cartilage and ligaments etc. Some ontologies such as AAO seem to purely refer to the skeleton subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "backbone" NARROW [FMA:13478] synonym: "columna vertebralis" RELATED [BTO:0000818] synonym: "spinal column" RELATED [MESH:A.02.835.232.834] synonym: "spine" BROAD [FMA:13478] synonym: "vertebral column skeleton" NARROW [AAO:0000699] synonym: "vertebral region" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000699 xref: AAO:0000734 xref: BTO:0000818 xref: EFO:0001369 xref: EHDA:10119 xref: EMAPA:16666 xref: FMA:13478 xref: GAID:106 xref: galen:SpinalColumn xref: MA:0002416 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.834 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Column xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Column xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1145756102 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2j-CpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6GF55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkFEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:44300000 xref: TAO:0001559 xref: VHOG:0001142 xref: VSAO:0000185 xref: XAO:0003074 xref: ZFA:0001559 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0011138 {source="cjm"} ! post-cranial axial skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of all the vertebra in the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000185", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The vertebral column consists of a series of vertebrae connected by ligaments. It provides a supporting axis for the body and protects the spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001142", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/vertebral+column"} property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrata is characterized by three synapomorphies. First, vertebrates have a backbone composed of vertebrae (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001142", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.53", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001131 name: vertebral foramen def: "In a typical vertebra, the vertebral foramen is the foramen formed by the anterior segment, and the posterior part, the vertebral arch. The vertebral foramen begins at cervical vertebrae #1 and continues inferior to lumbar vertebrae #5. Within this foramen the spinal cord and associated meninges are housed. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_foramen] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "foramen vertebrale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vertebral_foramen] synonym: "vertebra neural canal" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000729 xref: FMA:13479 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Foramenvertebrale.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Foramenvertebrale.png/200px-Foramenvertebrale.png xref: MA:0001454 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv_EvQZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280734009 is_a: UBERON:0010276 ! vertebral column opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra property_value: external_definition "Opening on the vertebra for a spinal nerve as it emerges from the spinal canal.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000729", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001132 name: parathyroid gland def: "The parathyroid gland is an organ specialised for secretion of parathyroid hormone[GO]. Parathyroid glands control the amount of calcium in the blood and within the bones[WP]." [Wikipedia:Parathyroid_gland] comment: Development notes: table 13.1 of Kardong is used to create the taxon-specific developmental relationships here, although some omissions are made for simplicity. Additional notes: Parathyroid glands are found in all adult tetrapods, although they vary in their number, and in their exact position. Mammals typically have four parathyroids, while other groups typically have six. Fish do not possess parathyroid glands, although the ultimobranchial glands, which are found close to the oesophagus, may have a similar function and could even be homologous with the tetrapod parathyroids. Even these glands are absent in the most primitive vertebrates, the jawless fish, but as these species have no bone in their skeletons, only cartilage, it may be that they have less need to regulate calcium metabolism. The conserved homology of genes and calcium-sensing receptors in fish gills with those in the parathryroid glands of birds and mammals is recognized by evolutionary developmental biology as evolution-using genes and gene networks in novel ways to generate new structures with some similar functions and novel functions[WP]. The parathryoid gland is not formed in fish, but is only found in tetrapods. In humans and chick it emerges from pouches 3 and 4, but in mice it is exclusively generated by the third pouch[PMID:16313389] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "parathyroid" EXACT [] synonym: "parathyroid secreting cell" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010545 xref: BTO:0000997 xref: EFO:0000862 xref: EV:0100134 xref: FMA:13890 xref: GAID:452 xref: MA:0000128 xref: MAT:0000082 xref: MESH:A.06.407.560 xref: MIAA:0000082 xref: ncithesaurus:Parathyroid_Gland xref: SCTID:181121007 xref: VHOG:0001188 xref: XAO:0000167 is_a: UBERON:0002368 ! endocrine gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007124 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:10090", source="PMID:16313389"} ! pharyngeal pouch 3 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007125 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9030", gci_relation="part_of", source="PMID:16313389", notes="pouches 3 and 4 in chick"} ! pharyngeal pouch 4 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007125 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", notes="pouches 3 and 4 in human", source="PMID:16313389"} ! pharyngeal pouch 4 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010025 {source="ISBN10:0073040584-table13.1", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:40674", notes="Mammals"} ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 3 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010026 {source="ISBN10:0073040584-table13.1", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:8782", notes="Aves"} ! ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 3 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010026 {source="ISBN10:0073040584-table13.1", gci_relation="part_of", notes="Urodele", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:8293"} ! ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 3 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010026 {source="ISBN10:0073040584-table13.1", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:8342", gci_relation="part_of", notes="Anurans", source="XAO"} ! ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 3 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010027 {source="ISBN10:0073040584-table13.1", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:40674", notes="Mammals"} ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 4 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010028 {source="ISBN10:0073040584-table13.1", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:8782", notes="Aves"} ! ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 4 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010028 {source="ISBN10:0073040584-table13.1", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:8342", gci_relation="part_of", notes="Anurans"} ! ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 4 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010028 {source="ISBN10:0073040584-table13.1", gci_relation="part_of", notes="Urodele", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:8293"} ! ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system property_value: external_definition "Any one of several small structures, usually four, attached to the dorsal surfaces of the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001188", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/parathyroid+gland"} property_value: external_definition "Either of the two pairs of small, spherical, encapsulated glands which develop from ventral growths of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches and are closely associated with the external jugular veins. Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone are secreted by these glands.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010545", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "The evolution of the tetrapods, and the shift from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment, was believed to have required new controls for regulating calcium homeostasis, and thus the evolution of parathyroid glands (...) both the tetrapod parathyroid and the gills of fish contribute to the regulation of extracellular calcium levels. It is therefore reasonable to suggest that the parathyroid gland evolved as a result of the transformation of the gills into the parathyroid glands of tetrapods and the transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment. This interpretation would also explain the positioning of the parathyroid gland within the pharynx in the tetrapod body. Were the parathyroid gland to have emerged de novo with the evolution of the tetrapods it could, as an endocrine organ, have been placed anywhere in the body and still exert its effect.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001188", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M, Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001133 name: cardiac muscle tissue alt_id: UBERON:0007096 def: "Muscle composed of cardiac muscle cells that is part of the heart[ZFA]. involuntary striated muscle found in the walls of the heart, specifically the myocardium[Wikipedia]. Tissue which consists of cardiac myocytes surrounded by cardiac endomysium. Examples: Cardiac muscle tissue proper, conducting tissue of heart[FMA]." [FMA:14068] comment: check relationship with myocardium. part_of in MA - but we also have a more specific class 'cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium'. Check ncit subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac musculature" RELATED [BILA:0000134] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0010245 xref: AEO:0000142 xref: BILA:0000134 xref: BTO:0000199 xref: EHDAA2:0003142 xref: FMA:14068 xref: galen:CardiacMuscle xref: galen:CardiacMuscleTissue xref: ncithesaurus:Heart_Muscle xref: TAO:0005280 xref: ZFA:0005280 is_a: UBERON:0002036 ! striated muscle tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 {source="ZFA"} ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0001134 name: skeletal muscle tissue def: "Tissue which consists of skeletal muscle fibers surrounded by endomysium. Examples: Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps, Skeletal muscle tissue of diaphragm[FMA]. Striated muscle tissue under control of the somatic nervous system. It is one of three major muscle types, the others being cardiac and smooth muscle. As its name suggests, most skeletal muscle is attached to bones by bundles of collagen fibers known as tendons. Skeletal muscle is made up of individual components known as muscle fibers. These fibers are formed from the fusion of developmental myoblasts. The myofibers are long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells composed of actin and myosin myofibrils repeated as a sarcomere, the basic functional unit of the cell and responsible for skeletal muscle's striated appearance and forming the basic machinery necessary for muscle contraction. The term muscle refers to multiple bundles of muscle fibers held together by connective tissue[WP]." [Wikipedia:Skeletal_striated_muscle] comment: TODO - add skeletal muscle organ? See GO:0060538 skeletal muscle organ development. Todo - group FBbt:00005073 - somatic muscle. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "skeletal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "skeletal muscle organ" RELATED [] synonym: "skeletal muscle system" RELATED [BTO:0001103] synonym: "somatic muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001103] xref: AAO:0011099 xref: BTO:0001103 xref: EFO:0000888 xref: EHDAA2:0001842 xref: EHDAA:2923 xref: EHDAA:5035 xref: EHDAA:5043 xref: EHDAA:5978 xref: EHDAA:5984 xref: EHDAA:8277 xref: EHDAA:8291 xref: EHDAA:8326 xref: EHDAA:9146 xref: EV:0100377 xref: FMA:14069 xref: GAID:141 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Skeletal_muscle.jpg xref: MA:0002439 xref: MAT:0000302 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567 xref: MIAA:0000302 xref: ncithesaurus:Skeletal_Muscle_Tissue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2kf-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:426215008 xref: TAO:0005277 xref: VHOG:0000319 xref: XAO:0000174 xref: ZFA:0005277 is_a: UBERON:0002036 ! striated muscle tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003082 ! myotome property_value: external_definition "Muscle, composed of long cylindrical, multinucleated cells that attaches to the skeleton via tendons.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005277", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "This result implies the following views in terms of evolutionary differentiation: (1) Arthropod striated muscle and vertebrate skeletal and cardiac muscles share a common ancestor. In other words, they did not evolve independently (...) (5) The divergence of vertebrate skeletal and cardiac muscles/vertebrate smooth muscle and nonmuscle is at least before that of vertebrates/arthropods. In other words, emergence of skeletal and cardiac musle type tissues preceded the vertebrate/arthropod divergence (ca. 700 MYA).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000319", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:10368962 Oota S, Saitou N, Phylogenetic relationship of muscle tissues deduced from superimposition of gene trees. Mol Biol Evol (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001135 name: smooth muscle tissue def: "Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length[GO]. Tissue which consists of smooth muscle fibers surrounded by a reticulum of collagen and elastic fibers. Examples: Arrector muscle of hair, Muscularis mucosae." [Wikipedia:Smooth_muscle_tissue] comment: terminological note: GO uses visceral and smooth interchangeably. However visceral can also be used in the sense of the viscera. Many fly annotations to smooth muscle terms. If we want to be inclusive of insects have to have a general definition of tissue that includes cells. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "involuntary muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "non-striated muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "smooth muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "textus muscularis levis; textus muscularis nonstriatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Smooth_muscle_tissue] synonym: "textus muscularis nonstriatus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14070, FMA:TA] synonym: "visceral muscle" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "visceral muscle tissue" NARROW SENSU [] xref: AAO:0010244 xref: AEO:0000141 xref: BTO:0001260 xref: EFO:0000889 xref: EHDAA2:0003141 xref: EMAPA:18923 xref: EV:0100378 xref: FBbt:00003525 xref: FMA:14070 xref: GAID:167 xref: galen:SmoothMuscle xref: galen:SmoothMuscleTissue xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Glatte_Muskelzellen.jpg xref: MA:0000166 xref: MAT:0000303 xref: MESH:A.02.633.570 xref: MIAA:0000303 xref: ncithesaurus:Smooth_Muscle_Tissue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvSS3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0005274 xref: VHOG:0001246 xref: WBbt:0005781 xref: XAO:0000175 xref: ZFA:0005274 is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0002036 ! striated muscle tissue property_value: external_definition "A non-striated muscle that is composed of spindle-shaped cells. Smooth muscle usually is organized into sheets that line cavitated organs.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005274", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Involuntary muscle tissue consisting of uninucleate spindle-shaped fibers.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010244", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:CAM"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) the first bilateral animals possessed only smooth muscles with the molecular repertoire necessary to build a striated muscle. (...) it is more parsimonious to regard striated muscle cells as a sister cell type to the smooth muscle cells. In this scenario, striated and smooth muscles would have arisen in the stem lineage that led to the Nephrozoa (i.e. all Bilateria exclusive the acoelomorphs) (Hejnol et al., 2009), from an “acoel-like” smooth muscle, by segregation and divergence of functions and through differential recruitment of additional genes[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001246", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/jez.b.21416 Chiodin M, Achatz JG, Wanninger A, Martinez P, Molecular architecture of muscles in an acoel and its evolutionary implications. Journal of Experimental Zoology (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001136 name: mesothelium def: "Simple squamous epithelium of mesodermal origin which lines serous membranes. Examples: mesothelium of pleura, mesothelium of peritoneum. Wikipedia: The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (thoracal cavity), peritoneum (abdominal cavity including the mesentery) and pericardium (heart sac). Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive organs (the tunica vaginalis testis) and covers the internal reproductive organs of women (the tunica serosa uteri)." [Wikipedia:Mesothelium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "meso-epithelium" EXACT [] xref: AEO:0000111 xref: BTO:0002422 xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003111 xref: EHDAA:2331 xref: EHDAA:2339 xref: EHDAA:2349 xref: EHDAA:295 xref: EHDAA:6073 xref: EHDAA:640 xref: EHDAA:646 xref: FMA:14074 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Mesothelium_peritoneal_wash_high_mag.jpg xref: MA:0000565 xref: ncithesaurus:Mesothelium xref: SCTID:361918002 is_a: UBERON:0000487 ! simple squamous epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000042 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 intersection_of: UBERON:0000487 ! simple squamous epithelium intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0001137 name: dorsum def: "The dorsal part of an animal, which in vertebrares includes the vertebral column. [cjm]." [Dorsum_(anatomy), UBERONREF:0000006] comment: Taxon notes: In humans, called the back, a large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck and the shoulders. It is the surface opposite to the chest, its height being defined by the vertebral column (commonly referred to as the spine or backbone) and its breadth being supported by the ribcage and shoulders. The spinal canal runs through the spine and provides nerves to the rest of the body subset: uberon_slim synonym: "back" EXACT [FMA:14181] synonym: "back of body proper" EXACT [FMA:14181] xref: BTO:0001713 xref: EFO:0001405 xref: FMA:14181 xref: GAID:30 xref: galen:Back xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/432px-Gray-back.PNG/200px-432px-Gray-back.PNG xref: MESH:A.01.176 xref: ncithesaurus:Back xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkEU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:123961009 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0001138 name: superior mesenteric vein def: "In anatomy, the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine. At its termination behind the neck of the pancreas, the SMV combines with the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein. The SMV lies to the right of the similarly named artery, the superior mesenteric artery, which originates from the abdominal aorta. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "upper mesenteric vein" RELATED [BTO:0002783] synonym: "vena mesenterica superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_vein] xref: BTO:0002783 xref: EHDAA2:0001951 xref: EHDAA:5414 xref: EMAPA:18643 xref: FMA:14332 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png xref: MA:0002179 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Mesenteric_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwFjmM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278031001 xref: VHOG:0000552 is_a: UBERON:0005617 ! mesenteric vein relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005487 {source="Wikipedia:Vitelline_vein"} ! vitelline vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001139 name: common iliac vein def: "In human anatomy, the common iliac veins are formed by the external iliac veins and internal iliac veins and together, in the abdomen at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebrae, form the inferior vena cava. They drain blood from the pelvis and lower limbs. Both common iliac veins are accompanied along their course by common iliac arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Common_iliac_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "common iliac venous tree" EXACT [] synonym: "vena iliaca communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_iliac_vein] xref: EMAPA:17874 xref: FMA:14333 xref: galen:CommonIliacVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Iliac_veins.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Iliac_veins.gif/200px-Iliac_veins.gif xref: MA:0002143 xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Iliac_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv92CGZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181398004 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001140 name: renal vein def: "The renal veins are veins that drain the kidney. They connect the kidney to the inferior vena cava. It is usually singular to each kidney, except in the condition 'multiple renal veins'. It also divides into 2 divisions upon entering the kidney: the anterior branch which receives blood from the anterior portion of the kidney and, the posterior branch which receives blood from the posterior portion. Often, each renal vein will have a branch that receives blood from the ureter. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Renal_vein] comment: AO notes: see also MA:0002591 'kidney venous blood vessel' subset: uberon_slim synonym: "kidney vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney venous blood vessel" EXACT [MA:0002591] synonym: "renal venous tree" EXACT [] synonym: "vein of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "venae renales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_vein] xref: BTO:0002681 xref: EHDAA2:0001602 xref: EHDAA:8722 xref: EMAPA:19223 xref: EMAPA:28376 xref: FMA:14334 xref: GAID:544 xref: galen:RenalVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Gray1122.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gray1122.png/200px-Gray1122.png xref: MA:0002210 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.752 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdUXKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:116358006 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003517 ! kidney blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0001141 name: right renal vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:14335 xref: MA:0002212 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Renal_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvdUXKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:116357001 is_a: UBERON:0001140 ! renal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001142 name: left renal vein def: "The renal veins are veins that drain the kidney. They connect the kidney to the inferior vena cava. It is usually singular to each kidney, except in the condition 'multiple renal veins'. It also divides into 2 divisions upon entering the kidney: the anterior branch which receives blood from the anterior portion of the kidney and, the posterior branch which receives blood from the posterior portion. Often, each renal vein will have a branch that receives blood from the ureter. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Left_renal_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:14336 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gray1122.png/200px-Gray1122.png xref: MA:0002211 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Renal_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvdUXKJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:116356005 is_a: UBERON:0001140 ! renal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001143 name: hepatic vein def: "Vein that carries blood away from the liver[ZFA]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3565355&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Hepatic_vein, ZFA:0000670] comment: Definition derived from ZFA but general enough for other species. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "hepatic veins" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "liver vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of liver" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vena hepatica" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "venae hepaticae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hepatic_vein] xref: AAO:0010216 xref: EMAPA:19221 xref: FMA:14337 xref: GAID:534 xref: galen:HepaticVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Gray1121.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gray1121.png/200px-Gray1121.png xref: MA:0003015 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.380 xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv5GivJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278191001 xref: TAO:0000670 xref: XAO:0000387 xref: ZFA:0000670 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003497 ! abdomen blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: channels_from UBERON:0002107 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: channels_from UBERON:0002107 ! liver disjoint_from: UBERON:0001639 ! hepatic portal vein relationship: channels_from UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005487 {source="Wikipedia:Vitelline_vein"} ! vitelline vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0006877 ! vasculature of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0001144 name: testicular vein def: "The testicular vein (or spermatic vein), the male gonadal vein, carries deoxygenated blood from its corresponding testis to the inferior vena cava or one of its tributaries. It is the male equivalent of the ovarian vein, and is the venous counterpart of the testicular artery. It is a paired vein, with one supplying each testis: the right testicular vein generally joins the inferior vena cava; the left testicular vein, unlike the right, often joins the left renal vein instead of the inferior vena cava. The veins emerge from the back of the testis, and receive tributaries from the epididymis; they unite and form a convoluted plexus, called the pampiniform plexus, which constitutes the greater mass of the spermatic cord; the vessels composing this plexus are very numerous, and ascend along the cord, in front of the ductus deferens. Below the subcutaneous inguinal ring, they unite to form three or four veins, which pass along the inguinal canal, and, entering the abdomen through the abdominal inguinal ring, coalesce to form two veins, which ascend on the Psoas major, behind the peritoneum, lying one on either side of the internal spermatic artery. These unite to form a single vein, which opens, on the right side, into the inferior vena cava (at an acute angle), on the left side into the left renal vein (at a right angle). The spermatic veins are provided with valves. The left spermatic vein passes behind the iliac colon and is thus exposed to pressure from the contents of that part of the bowel. [WP,unvetted]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3220553&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Testicular_vein] comment: Comment: todo - check testicular vs spermatic vein (MA:0002218) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "male gonadal vein" EXACT [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein] synonym: "spermatic vein" EXACT [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein] synonym: "testicle vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "testicular venous tree" EXACT [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein] synonym: "vein of testicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vena tesicularis" RELATED [BTO:0002678] synonym: "vena testicularis dextra," RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein] synonym: "vena testicularis sinistra," RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein] synonym: "venae spermaticae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Testicular_vein] xref: BTO:0002678 xref: EMAPA:18647 xref: FMA:14344 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Gray590.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Gray590.png/200px-Gray590.png xref: MA:0002218 xref: MA:0002234 xref: ncithesaurus:Spermatic_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv1WIHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:264496006 is_a: UBERON:0003848 ! gonadal vein relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000473 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000473 ! testis [Term] id: UBERON:0001145 name: ovarian vein def: "The ovarian vein, the female gonadal vein, carries deoxygenated blood from its corresponding ovary to inferior vena cava or one of its tributaries. It is the female equivalent of the testicular vein, and is the venous counterpart of the ovarian artery. It can be found in the suspensory ligament of the ovary. It a paired vein, with one supplying each ovary. The right ovarian vein travels through the suspensatory ligament of the ovary and generally joins the inferior vena cava. The left ovarian vein, unlike the right, often joins the left renal vein instead of the inferior vena cava. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ovarian_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "female reproductive system gonad vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female reproductive system gonada vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of female reproductive system vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of female reproductive system vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ovary vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of female reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of female reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of gonad of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of gonada of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of ovary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vena ovarica sinistra, vena ovarica dextra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ovarian_vein] xref: EMAPA:18644 xref: FMA:14346 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Ovarschaf.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Ovarschaf.jpg/200px-Ovarschaf.jpg xref: MA:0002186 xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvrST5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278193003 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0004911 ! epithelium of female gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0001146 name: suprarenal vein def: "The Suprarenal veins are two in number: the right ends in the inferior vena cava. the left ends in the left renal or left inferior phrenic vein. They receive blood from the adrenal glands and will sometimes form anastomoses with the inferior phrenic veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Suprarenal_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0001966 xref: EHDAA:8731 xref: FMA:14348 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gray1122.png/200px-Gray1122.png xref: MA:0002229 xref: ncithesaurus:Suprarenal_Vein xref: SCTID:278194009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001147 name: trunk of peripheral nerve comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: grouping_class subset: non_informative synonym: "peripheral nerve trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "peripheral neural trunk" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:16986 xref: FMA:14383 xref: MA:0000229 is_a: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001148 name: median nerve def: "The median nerve is a nerve in humans and other animals. It is in the upper limb. It is one of the five main nerves originating from the brachial plexus. The median nerve is formed from parts of the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus, and continues down the arm to enter the forearm with the brachial artery. It originates from the brachial plexus with roots from C5, C6, C7, C8 & T1. The median nerve is the only nerve that passes through the carpal tunnel, where it may be compressed to cause carpal tunnel syndrome. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Median_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nervus medianus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0001086 xref: EHDAA:5648 xref: EMAPA:17277 xref: FMA:14385 xref: GAID:843 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif/200px-Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif xref: MA:0001168 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.050.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Median_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwF4HF5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181010001 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003433 ! arm nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 ! brachial nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001149 name: bare area of liver comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "area nuda (hepar)" EXACT [] synonym: "area nuda hepatis" EXACT [] synonym: "liver bare area" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17945 xref: EMAPA:18308 xref: EMAPA:18312 xref: FMA:14480 xref: MA:0000359 xref: SCTID:279965008 is_a: UBERON:0000466 ! immaterial anatomical entity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0001150 name: body of pancreas def: "The body of the pancreas is a subsection of the pancreas organ in the human body. It is somewhat prismatic in shape, and has three surfaces: anterior, posterior, and inferior. It is at the same level as the transpyloric plane. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Body_of_pancreas] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus pancreatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_pancreas] synonym: "pancreas body" EXACT [] synonym: "pancreas corpus" RELATED [] synonym: "pancreatic body" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001368 xref: EHDAA:9178 xref: EMAPA:17504 xref: EMAPA:18817 xref: FMA:14518 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg/200px-Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg xref: MA:0000121 xref: ncithesaurus:Body_of_the_Pancreas xref: SCTID:362202004 xref: VHOG:0000451 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas property_value: homology_notes "Hagfish and lampreys may have one or more endocrine buds - and later the vertebrate pancreas develop as independent ventral and dorsal buds that eventually fuse to become one organ.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000451", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.crvi.2007.03.006 Madsen OD, Pancreas phylogeny and ontogeny in relation to a 'pancreatic stem cell'. Comptes Rendus Biologies (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001151 name: tail of pancreas def: "The tail of the pancreas, located anatomically left near the hilum of the spleen, is not simply an anatomical distinction. The tail is the only part of the pancreas which contains Pancreatic Polypeptide (PP) cells, which are responsible for secreting pancreatic polypeptide to coordinate exocrine and islet enzyme release. PP cells are found in the tail's periphery. Beta cells and delta cells are found in the central part of the tail as with the rest of the pancreas. The cells described above are located exclusively in the islet cells; their secretions reach exocrine portions of the pancreas via the capillary network surrounding the islet cell populations. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tail_of_pancreas] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cauda pancreatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tail_of_pancreas] synonym: "left extremity of pancreas" EXACT [FMA:14519] synonym: "pancreas tail" EXACT [] synonym: "pancreatic tail" EXACT [FMA:14519] xref: EHDAA2:0001390 xref: EMAPA:17511 xref: EMAPA:18824 xref: FMA:14519 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg/200px-Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg xref: MA:0000123 xref: ncithesaurus:Tail_of_the_Pancreas xref: SCTID:245382003 xref: VHOG:0000452 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009708 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dorsal pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 {source="FMA"} ! pancreas property_value: homology_notes "Hagfish and lampreys may have one or more endocrine buds - and later the vertebrate pancreas develop as independent ventral and dorsal buds that eventually fuse to become one organ.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000452", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.crvi.2007.03.006 Madsen OD, Pancreas phylogeny and ontogeny in relation to a 'pancreatic stem cell'. Comptes Rendus Biologies (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001152 name: cystic duct def: "The cystic duct is the short duct that joins the gall bladder to the common bile duct. It usually lies next to the cystic artery. It is of variable length. It contains a 'spiral valve', which does not provide much resistance to the flow of bile. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cystic_duct] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ductus cysticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cystic_duct] xref: EHDAA2:0000333 xref: EHDAA:3045 xref: EMAPA:16841 xref: FMA:14539 xref: GAID:290 xref: galen:CysticDuct xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Illu_liver_gallbladder.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png/200px-Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png xref: MA:0000355 xref: MESH:A.03.159.183.419 xref: ncithesaurus:Cystic_Duct xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rveBeC5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245398005 xref: TAO:0005166 xref: VHOG:0000213 xref: ZFA:0005166 is_a: UBERON:0003703 {source="FMA"} ! extrahepatic bile duct relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005604 {source="EHDAA2"} ! hepatic duct extrahepatic part relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 {source="FMA"} ! biliary tree property_value: external_definition "Duct that connects the gall bladder and the common bile duct.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005166", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:Curator"} property_value: external_definition "The duct of the gallbladder which joins the common hepatic duct, thus forming the common biliary duct. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000213", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001153 name: caecum def: "Pouch, connecting the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction." [Wikipedia:Cecum] comment: A cecum is present in most amniote species, and also in lungfish, but not in any living species of amphibian. In reptiles, it is usually a single median structure, arising from the dorsal side of the large intestine. Birds typically have two paired ceca, as, unlike other mammals, do hyraxes. Most mammalian herbivores have a relatively large cecum, hosting a large number of bacteria, which aid in the enzymatic breakdown of plant materials such as cellulose; in many species, it is considerably wider than the colon. In contrast, obligatory carnivores, whose diets contain little or no plant material, have a reduced cecum, which is often partially or wholly replaced by the vermiform appendix. Many fish have a number of small outpocketings, called pyloric ceca, along their intestine; despite the name they are not homologous with the cecum of amniotes, and their purpose is to increase the overall area of the digestive epithelium.[2] Some invertebrates, such as squid,[3] may also have structures with the same name, but these have no relationship with those of vertebrates.[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "blind intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000166] synonym: "blindgut" RELATED [BTO:0000166] synonym: "caeca" NARROW PLURAL [NCBITaxon:8782] synonym: "ceca" NARROW PLURAL [NCBITaxon:8782] synonym: "cecum" EXACT [FMA:14541] synonym: "intestinum caecum" RELATED [BTO:0000166] synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [] synonym: "intestinum crassum cecum" RELATED [BTO:0000166] xref: BTO:0000166 xref: EFO:0000850 xref: EHDAA2:0000206 xref: EHDAA:3913 xref: EV:0100397 xref: FMA:14541 xref: GAID:307 xref: galen:Cecum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg/200px-Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg.png xref: MA:0000334 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.495.209 xref: MIAA:0000288 xref: ncithesaurus:Cecum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rve6u4JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181256004 xref: VHOG:0001559 is_a: UBERON:0009854 ! digestive tract diverticulum relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001156 {source="Wikipedia"} ! ascending colon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 {source="MA"} ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 {source="EHDAA2"} ! colon property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001154 name: appendix def: "Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the cecum and distally terminates in the tip of the appendix[FMA]. a narrowed, thickened, lymphoid-rich caecal apex [Fisher 2000]." [FMA:14542, Wikipedia:Vermiform_appendix] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "apex of cecum" RELATED [] synonym: "appendix vermiformis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14542, FMA:TA] synonym: "appendix vermiformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vermiform_appendix] synonym: "caecal appendix" EXACT [] synonym: "vermiform appendix" EXACT [] synonym: "vermix" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000084 xref: EFO:0000849 xref: EHDAA2:0000588 xref: EV:0100076 xref: EV:0100080 xref: FMA:14542 xref: GAID:308 xref: galen:AppendixVermiformis xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Gray536.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Gray536.png/200px-Gray536.png xref: MA:0001540 xref: MAT:0000287 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.495.209.290 xref: MIAA:0000287 xref: ncithesaurus:Vermiform_Appendix xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjGgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181255000 xref: VHOG:0001306 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 {source="MA"} ! caecum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004907 {source="FMA"} ! lower digestive tract property_value: homology_notes "A comparative anatomical approach reveals three apparent morphotypes of the cecal appendix, as well as appendix-like structures in some species that lack a true cecal appendix. Cladistic analyses indicate that the appendix has evolved independently at least twice (at least once in diprotodont marsupials and at least once in Euarchontoglires), shows a highly significant (P < 0.0001) phylogenetic signal in its distribution, and has been maintained in mammalian evolution for 80 million years or longer.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001306", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01809.x Smith HF, Fisher RE, Everett ML, Thomas AD, Randal Bollinger R, Parker W, Comparative anatomy and phylogenetic distribution of the mammalian cecal appendix. Journal of Evolutionary Biology (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001155 name: colon def: "Last portion of the digestive system in most vertebrates; it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body[WP] In mammals, the colon consists of four sections: the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon[WP]. In zebrafish, the posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005." [Wikipedia:Colon_(anatomy), ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO: abstract this such that it legitimately covers all vertebrates subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "hindgut" RELATED [] synonym: "large bowel" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior intestine" NARROW [] synonym: "posterior intestine - zebrafish" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0010400 xref: BTO:0000269 xref: EFO:0000361 xref: EHDAA2:0000779 xref: EMAPA:18939 xref: EV:0100079 xref: FMA:14543 xref: GAID:309 xref: galen:Colon xref: MA:0000335 xref: MAP:0000001 xref: MAT:0000526 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.495.356 xref: ncithesaurus:Colon xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvgLEM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302508007 xref: TAO:0000706 xref: VHOG:0000648 xref: XAO:0000243 xref: ZFA:0000706 is_a: UBERON:0000063 {source="FMA"} ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 {source="FMA"} ! large intestine property_value: external_definition "The last portion of the digestive system, it extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010400", ontology="AAO", source="UBERON:0001155"} property_value: external_definition "The posterior intestine has short longitudinally arranged epithelial folds which are similar to the colon of higher vertebrates. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000706", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000648", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001156 name: ascending colon def: "Organ part which is continuous with the cecum proximally and the transverse colon distally.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Ascending_colon] comment: Note that in MA, this is a subclass of colon subset: uberon_slim synonym: "colon ascendens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ascending_colon] xref: BTO:0000270 xref: EFO:0000843 xref: FMA:14545 xref: galen:AscendingColon xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg/200px-Dickdarm-Schema.svg.png xref: MA:0001541 xref: MAT:0000311 xref: MIAA:0000311 xref: ncithesaurus:Ascending_Colon xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv3H0FZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362162009 is_a: UBERON:0000168 {source="FMA"} ! segment of colon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midgut [Term] id: UBERON:0001157 name: transverse colon def: "The transverse colon the longest and most movable part of the colon, passes with a downward convexity from the right hypochondrium region across the abdomen, opposite the confines of the epigastric and umbilical zones, into the left hypochondrium region, where it curves sharply on itself beneath the lower end of the spleen, forming the splenic or left colic flexure. The right colic flexure is adjacent to the liver. In its course, it describes an arch, the concavity of which is directed backward and a little upward; toward its splenic end there is often an abrupt U-shaped curve which may descend lower than the main curve. It is almost completely invested by peritoneum, and is connected to the inferior border of the pancreas by a large and wide duplicature of that membrane, the transverse mesocolon. It is in relation, by its upper surface, with the liver and gall-bladder, the greater curvature of the stomach, and the lower end of the spleen; by its under surface, with the small intestine; by its anterior surface, with the anterior layers of the greater omentum and the abdominal parietes; its posterior surface is in relation from right to left with the descending portion of the duodenum, the head of the pancreas, and some of the convolutions of the jejunum and ileum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transverse_colon] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "colon transversum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_colon] xref: BTO:0000272 xref: EFO:0000844 xref: FMA:14546 xref: galen:TransverseColon xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg/200px-Dickdarm-Schema.svg.png xref: MA:0001543 xref: MAT:0000312 xref: MIAA:0000312 xref: ncithesaurus:Transverse_Colon xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvg7qyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362163004 is_a: UBERON:0000168 {source="FMA"} ! segment of colon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001158 ! descending colon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midgut [Term] id: UBERON:0001158 name: descending colon def: "The descending colon of humans passes downward through the left hypochondrium and lumbar regions, along the lateral border of the left kidney. At the lower end of the kidney it turns medialward toward the lateral border of the psoas muscle, and then descends, in the angle between psoas and quadratus lumborum, to the crest of the ilium, where it ends in the sigmoid colon. The peritoneum covers its anterior surface and sides, and therefore the descending colon is described as retroperitoneal. (The transverse colon and sigmoid colon, which are immediately proximal and distal, are intraperitoneal). Its posterior surface is connected by areolar tissue with the lower and lateral part of the left kidney, the aponeurotic origin of the transversus abdominis, and the quadratus lumborum. It is smaller in caliber and more deeply placed than the ascending colon. It has a mesentery in 33% of people, and is therefore more frequently covered with peritoneum on its posterior surface than the ascending colon (which has a mesentery in 25% of people). However, it is less likely to undergo volvulus than the ascending colon. In front of it are some coils of small intestine. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Descending_colon] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "colon descendens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Descending_colon] xref: BTO:0000641 xref: EFO:0000845 xref: FMA:14547 xref: galen:DescendingColon xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Gray1223.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Gray1223.png/200px-Gray1223.png xref: MA:0001542 xref: MAT:0000313 xref: MIAA:0000313 xref: ncithesaurus:Descending_Colon xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwHsNhpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362165006 is_a: UBERON:0000168 {source="FMA"} ! segment of colon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001046 {source="Wikipedia"} ! hindgut [Term] id: UBERON:0001159 name: sigmoid colon def: "the part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus. It forms a loop that averages about 40 cm. in length, and normally lies within the pelvis, but on account of its freedom of movement it is liable to be displaced into the abdominal cavity." [Wikipedia:Sigmoid_colon] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "colon sigmoideum" RELATED [] synonym: "colon sigmoideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sigmoid_colon] synonym: "pelvic colon" RELATED [] synonym: "sigmoid colon" RELATED [] synonym: "sigmoid flexure" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000645 xref: EFO:0000846 xref: FMA:14548 xref: galen:SigmoidColon xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Dickdarm-Schema.svg/200px-Dickdarm-Schema.svg.png xref: MAT:0000314 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.495.356.668 xref: MIAA:0000314 xref: ncithesaurus:Sigmoid_Colon xref: ncithesaurus:Sigmoid_Flexure xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwHX_-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362166007 is_a: UBERON:0000168 {source="FMA"} ! segment of colon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001052 ! rectum relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001046 {source="Wikipedia"} ! hindgut [Term] id: UBERON:0001160 name: fundus of stomach def: "The fundus is the portion of the stomach that lies above the cardiac notch, and contains the fundic glands[GO, Kardong]." [GO:0014825, ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Fundus_%28stomach%29] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fundus gastricus" RELATED [BTO:0000502] synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [] synonym: "fundus gastricus ventricularis" RELATED [BTO:0000502] synonym: "fundus ventricularis" RELATED [BTO:0000502] synonym: "fundus ventriculi" RELATED [BTO:0000502] synonym: "gastric fundus" EXACT [] synonym: "stomach fundus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000502 xref: EFO:0002554 xref: EHDAA2:0001919 xref: EHDAA:4844 xref: FMA:14559 xref: GAID:320 xref: galen:GastricFundus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray1046.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png xref: MA:0001612 xref: MESH:A.03.492.766.419 xref: ncithesaurus:Fundus_of_the_Stomach xref: SCTID:362139007 xref: VHOG:0000421 is_a: UBERON:0009870 ! zone of stomach relationship: has_part UBERON:0010038 ! fundic gastric gland property_value: external_definition "The greater curvature of the stomach. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000421", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000421", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001161 name: body of stomach def: "The body of stomach is the part of the stomach that lies between the fundus above and the pyloric antrum below; its boundaries are poorly defined[GO]." [GO:0014845, Wikipedia:Body_of_stomach] comment: Note that we include this as zone of stomach even though it is not distinguished by gland type subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus gastricum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_stomach] synonym: "corpus gastricum" RELATED [BTO:0000505] synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [] synonym: "corpus ventriculare" RELATED [BTO:0000505] synonym: "corpus ventriculi" RELATED [BTO:0000505] synonym: "gastric body" EXACT [] synonym: "gastric corpus" RELATED [] synonym: "stomach body" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000505 xref: FMA:14560 xref: galen:GastricCorpus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray1046.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png xref: MA:0002559 xref: ncithesaurus:Body_of_Stomach xref: SCTID:362140009 is_a: UBERON:0009870 {source="FMA"} ! zone of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001162 name: cardia of stomach alt_id: UBERON:0004712 def: "The opening of the esophagus into the stomach; also: the part of the stomach adjoining this opening[BTO]. The cardia is the anatomical term for the part of the stomach attached to the esophagus. The cardia begins immediately distal to the z-line of the gastroeosphageal junction, where the squamous epithelium of the esophagus gives way to the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract[WP]" [BTO:0000198, Wikipedia:Cardia] comment: Editor notes: We follow Kardong in defining stomach regions by glands. Boundary notes: There were previously conflicting statements in the academic anatomy community[10][11][12] over whether the cardia is part of the stomach, part of the esophagus or a distinct entity. Modern surgical and medical textbooks have agreed that "The gastric cardia is now clearly considered to be part of the stomach"[13][14]. Classical anatomy textbooks, and some other resources[15], describe the cardia as the first of 4 regions of the stomach. This makes sense histologically because the mucosa of the cardia is the same as that of the stomach[WP]. synonym: "antrum cardiacum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "cardiac orifice" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "cardiac region" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "cardiac sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "cardial orifice" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "cardial part of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "esophageal sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "esophageal sphincter%2c lower" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "esophageal-cardiac junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "esophagogastric junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "gastric cardia" EXACT [] synonym: "gastro-esophageal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "gastro-esophageal sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "gastro-oesophageal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "gastroesophageal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "gastroesophageal sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "lower esophageal sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cardia] synonym: "pars cardiaca (gaster)" EXACT [] synonym: "pars cardiaca gastricae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14561, FMA:TA] synonym: "stomach cardiac region" EXACT [MA:0001609] xref: BTO:0000198 xref: FMA:14561 xref: GAID:319 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Illu_stomach.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Illu_stomach.jpg/200px-Illu_stomach.jpg xref: MA:0001609 xref: MESH:A.03.492.766.163 xref: ncithesaurus:Cardia is_a: UBERON:0009870 ! zone of stomach relationship: has_part UBERON:0008859 intersection_of: UBERON:0009870 ! zone of stomach intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0008859 ! cardiac gastric gland relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach relationship: has_part UBERON:0008859 ! cardiac gastric gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001163 name: lesser curvature of stomach def: "The lesser curvature of the stomach, extending between the cardiac and pyloric orifices, forms the right or posterior border of the stomach. It descends as a continuation of the right margin of the esophagus in front of the fibers of the right crus of the diaphragm, and then, turning to the right, it crosses the first lumbar vertebra and ends at the pylorus. Nearer its pyloric than its cardiac end is a well-marked notch, the incisura angularis, which varies somewhat in position with the state of distension of the viscus; it serves to separate the stomach into a right and a left portion. The lesser curvature gives attachment to the two layers of the hepatogastric ligament, and between these two layers are the left gastric artery and the right gastric branch of the hepatic artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lesser_curvature_of_stomach] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "stomach lesser curvature" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14572 xref: galen:LesserCurvatureOfStomach xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png xref: MA:0001616 xref: ncithesaurus:Lesser_Curvature xref: SCTID:362133008 is_a: UBERON:0009870 {source="FMA"} ! zone of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001164 name: greater curvature of stomach def: "The greater curvature of the stomach is directed mainly forward, and is four or five times as long as the lesser curvature. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Greater_curvature_of_stomach] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "stomach greater curvature" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14574 xref: galen:GreaterCurvatureOfStomach xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png xref: MA:0001615 xref: ncithesaurus:Greater_Curvature xref: SCTID:362134002 is_a: UBERON:0009870 {source="FMA"} ! zone of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001165 name: pyloric antrum def: "Pyloric antrum (antrum, lesser cul-de-sac) is the initial portion of the pyloric part of the stomach. It is near the bottom of the stomach on the left side of the pyloric sphincter, which separates the stomach and the duodenum. It may temporarily become partially or completely shut off from the remainder of the stomach during digestion by peristaltic contraction of the prepyloric sphincter; it is demarcated, sometimes, from the second part of the pyloric part of the stomach by a slight groove. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pyloric_antrum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "antrum of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "antrum of Willis" RELATED [BTO:0001732] synonym: "antrum pylori" RELATED [BTO:0001732] synonym: "antrum pyloricum" RELATED [BTO:0001732] synonym: "antrum pyloricum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pyloric_antrum] synonym: "gastric antrum" RELATED [BTO:0001732] synonym: "stomach antrum" RELATED [] synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001732 xref: EFO:0002555 xref: EMAPA:17891 xref: EMAPA:18919 xref: FMA:14579 xref: GAID:332 xref: galen:PyloricAntrum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray1046.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png xref: MA:0001624 xref: MESH:A.03.492.766.716 xref: ncithesaurus:Antrum_Pylori xref: SCTID:362142001 is_a: UBERON:0009870 {source="FMA"} ! zone of stomach relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pylorus [Term] id: UBERON:0001166 name: pylorus def: "The region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. It is divided in two parts: the pyloric antrum, which connects to the body of the stomach. the pyloric canal, which connects to the duodenum. The pyloric sphincter, or valve, is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal and lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from celiac ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pylorus] comment: Editor notes: We follow Kardong in defining stomach regions by glands subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars pylorica" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "pars pylorica gastricae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14581, FMA:TA] synonym: "pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "pyloric region" EXACT [] synonym: "stomach pyloric region" EXACT [] synonym: "stomach pyloric region" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001580] synonym: "valvula pylori" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pylorus] xref: BTO:0001146 xref: EHDAA2:0001580 xref: EHDAA:4860 xref: EMAPA:17631 xref: EMAPA:18915 xref: FMA:14581 xref: GAID:333 xref: galen:Pylorus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray1046.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1046.svg/200px-Gray1046.svg.png xref: MA:0002560 xref: MESH:A.03.492.766.799 xref: ncithesaurus:Pylorus xref: SCTID:362143006 xref: VHOG:0000420 is_a: UBERON:0009870 ! zone of stomach relationship: has_part UBERON:0001165 relationship: has_part UBERON:0008858 relationship: has_part UBERON:0008861 intersection_of: UBERON:0009870 ! zone of stomach intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0008858 ! pyloric canal intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0008861 ! pyloric gastric gland relationship: has_part UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum relationship: has_part UBERON:0008858 ! pyloric canal relationship: has_part UBERON:0008861 ! pyloric gastric gland property_value: external_definition "The orifice which allows the passage from the stomach into the intestine. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000420", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000420", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001167 name: wall of stomach def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric wall" EXACT [] synonym: "stomach anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach wall" EXACT [] synonym: "ventriculus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14582 xref: galen:WallOfStomach xref: MA:0002692 xref: SCTID:279995000 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001168 name: wall of small intestine def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a small intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "anatomical wall of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestinal wall" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine wall" EXACT [] synonym: "wall of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14615 xref: MA:0002696 xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Wall_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001169 name: wall of large intestine def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a large intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "anatomical wall of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestinal wall" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestine wall" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14619 xref: MA:0002695 is_a: UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001170 name: mesentery of small intestine def: "the peritoneum responsible for connecting the jejunum and ileum (parts of the small intestine) to the back wall of the abdomen. Between the two sheets of peritoneum are blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves. This allows these parts of the small intestine to move relatively freely within the abdominopelvic cavity. The brain, however, cannot map sensation accurately, so sensation is usually referred to the midline, an example of referred pain[WP]." [Wikipedia:Mesentery#Mesentery_.28proper.29] synonym: "mesentery (proper)" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mesentery] synonym: "mesentery proper" EXACT [FMA:14643] synonym: "small intestinal mesentery" EXACT [FMA:14643] synonym: "small intestine mesentery" EXACT [Obol:automatic] xref: FMA:14643 xref: MA:0001555 xref: SCTID:245456008 is_a: UBERON:0001206 ! serosa of small intestine is_a: UBERON:0004854 ! gastrointestinal system mesentery is_a: UBERON:0007826 {source="FMA"} ! peritoneal mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001171 name: portal lobule def: "the triangular region on the periphery of the liver lobules that contain a bile duct and a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel." [MP:0008992] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:14653 xref: MA:0002498 xref: ncithesaurus:Portal_Lobule is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001280 ! liver parenchyma [Term] id: UBERON:0001172 name: hepatic acinus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "liver acinus" EXACT [] synonym: "portal acinus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14654 xref: MA:0002496 xref: ncithesaurus:Liver_Acinus xref: SCTID:272214009 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011858 ! acinus of exocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001171 ! portal lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0001173 name: biliary tree def: "Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which consists of the bile ducts[FMA]." [FMA:14665, Wikipedia:Biliary_tract] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "biliary tract" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011020 xref: FMA:14665 xref: GAID:279 xref: MA:0001273 xref: MESH:A.03.159 xref: ncithesaurus:Biliary_Tract xref: SCTID:181267003 xref: XAO:0000455 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004912 ! biliary bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system property_value: external_definition "Hollow tree organ, the organ parts of which consist of the bile ducts.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011020", ontology="AAO", source="UBERON:0001173"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001174 name: common bile duct def: "a tube-like anatomic structure in the human gastrointestinal tract. It is formed by the union of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct (from the gall bladder). It is later joined by the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of Vater. There, the two ducts are surrounded by the muscular sphincter of Oddi." [Wikipedia:Common_bile_duct] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ductus choledochus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_bile_duct] synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000303 xref: EHDAA:3981 xref: EMAPA:17201 xref: FMA:14667 xref: GAID:282 xref: galen:CommonBileDuct xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png/200px-Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png xref: MA:0001631 xref: MESH:A.03.159.183.079.300 xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Bile_Duct xref: SCTID:362199009 xref: TAO:0005165 xref: VHOG:0000214 xref: ZFA:0005165 is_a: UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001064 ! ventral pancreatic duct relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001152 ! cystic duct relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree property_value: external_definition "Digestive system duct that collects bile from the hepatic bile duct and the cystic duct.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005165", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:Curator"} property_value: external_definition "The duct formed by the union of the common hepatic and cystic ducts. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000214", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001175 name: common hepatic duct def: "Predominantly extrahepatic bile duct which is formed by the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts, which are predominantly intrahepatic, and, in turn, joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct[GAID]. The common hepatic duct is the duct formed by the convergence of the right hepatic duct (which drains bile from the right functional lobe of the liver) and the left hepatic duct (which drains bile from the left functional lobe of the liver). The common hepatic duct then joins the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct[WP]." [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_duct, ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO - MA distinguishes between bile duct, hepatic duct, common bile duct and common hepatic duct. in FMA hepatic duct and common hepatic duct are the same. Common is part of extra-hepatic part subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus hepaticus communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_hepatic_duct] synonym: "hepatic duct" RELATED [] xref: EMAPA:19101 xref: FMA:14668 xref: GAID:286 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Illu_liver_gallbladder.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Illu_liver_gallbladder.jpg/200px-Illu_liver_gallbladder.jpg xref: MA:0002660 xref: MESH:A.03.159.183.079.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Hepatic_Duct xref: SCTID:245403006 xref: VHOG:0000220 is_a: UBERON:0003703 {source="FMA"} ! extrahepatic bile duct relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001176 {source="Wikipedia"} ! right hepatic duct relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001177 {source="Wikipedia"} ! left hepatic duct relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010081 {evidence="definitional"} ! future common hepatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0005604 {source="MA"} ! hepatic duct extrahepatic part property_value: external_definition "The duct which conveys the bile from the liver and unites with the cystic duct to form the common bile duct. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000220", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001176 name: right hepatic duct def: "The duct that drains bile from the right half of the liver and joins the left hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct." [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26034] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "ductus hepaticus dexter" RELATED LATIN [] xref: EHDAA2:0001727 xref: EHDAA:3992 xref: EMAPA:18305 xref: EMAPA:19100 xref: FMA:14669 xref: MA:0001639 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Hepatic_Duct xref: SCTID:245401008 xref: VHOG:0000217 is_a: UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001114 intersection_of: UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct property_value: external_definition "The duct which drains bile from the right half of the liver and unites with the left hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct. [adapted_from_http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26032][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000217", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001177 name: left hepatic duct def: "The duct that drains bile from the left half of the liver and joins the right hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct." [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26035] synonym: "ductus hepaticus sinister" RELATED LATIN [] xref: EHDAA2:0000941 xref: EHDAA:3990 xref: EMAPA:18304 xref: EMAPA:19099 xref: FMA:14670 xref: MA:0001638 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Hepatic_Duct xref: SCTID:245400009 xref: VHOG:0000218 is_a: UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001115 intersection_of: UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct property_value: external_definition "The duct which drains bile from the left half of the liver and unites with the right hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct. [adapted_from_http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=26032][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000218", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001178 name: visceral peritoneum def: "The peritoneum that covers the external surfaces of most abdominal organs." [Wikipedia:Visceral_peritoneum, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: FMA:14703 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray1040.png/200px-Gray1040.png xref: SCTID:362702003 xref: TAO:0005132 xref: VHOG:0001528 xref: ZFA:0005132 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum [Term] id: UBERON:0001179 name: peritoneal cavity def: "Cavity of serous sac surrounded by the peritoneum.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Peritoneal_cavity] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cavitas peritonealis" RELATED [BTO:0001782] synonym: "cavitas peritonealis; saccus serosus peritonei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Peritoneal_cavity] xref: BTO:0001782 xref: EHDAA2:0001446 xref: EMAPA:18452 xref: EMAPA:18454 xref: EMAPA:18461 xref: FMA:14704 xref: GAID:24 xref: MA:0000054 xref: MESH:A.01.047.025.600.678 xref: ncithesaurus:Peritoneal_Cavity xref: SCTID:181616008 xref: VHOG:0000852 is_a: UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003887 {source="Wikipedia"} ! intraembryonic coelom relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum property_value: external_definition "The potential space between the parietal and visceral layers of the peritoneum, which are normally in contact. The peritoneal cavity is divided into the greater and lesser sac. The greater sac is the peritoneal cavity, and the lesser sac is the omental bursa. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000852", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/peritoneal+cavity"} property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes) Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000852", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.205-206", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001180 name: superior recess of lesser sac alt_id: UBERON:0006299 comment: AO notes: classified as a cavity in EHDAA2, organ segment in FMA. We hedge and use a union synonym: "omental bursa superior recess" EXACT [MA:0000447] synonym: "recessus superior bursae omentalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "recessus superior bursae omentalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14708, FMA:TA] synonym: "recessus superior omentalis" EXACT [FMA:14708] synonym: "superior omental bursa" EXACT [FMA:14708] synonym: "superior recess" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001958] synonym: "superior recess of omental bursa" EXACT [FMA:14708] xref: EHDAA2:0001958 xref: EHDAA:2343 xref: EMAPA:18049 xref: FMA:14708 xref: MA:0000447 xref: SCTID:263190002 is_a: UBERON:0004458 ! body cavity or lining relationship: develops_in UBERON:0005252 {source="EHDAA2"} ! omental bursa cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001341 {source="EMAPA"} ! lesser sac [Term] id: UBERON:0001181 name: inferior recess of lesser sac alt_id: UBERON:0006249 synonym: "inferior omental bursa" EXACT [FMA:14709] synonym: "inferior recess" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000825] synonym: "inferior recess of omental bursa" EXACT [FMA:14709] synonym: "omental bursa inferior recess" EXACT [MA:0000446] synonym: "recessus inferior bursae omentalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14709, FMA:TA] synonym: "recessus inferior bursae omentalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "recessus inferior omentalis" EXACT [FMA:14709] xref: EHDAA2:0000825 xref: EHDAA:6083 xref: EMAPA:18048 xref: FMA:14709 xref: MA:0000446 xref: SCTID:263261002 is_a: UBERON:0004458 ! body cavity or lining relationship: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac [Term] id: UBERON:0001182 name: superior mesenteric artery def: "In human anatomy, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) arises from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta, just inferior to the origin of the celiac trunk, and supplies the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum through two-thirds of the transverse colon, as well as the pancreas. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria mesenterica superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_mesenteric_artery] synonym: "arteria mesenterica superior" RELATED [BTO:0002303] synonym: "superior mesenteric arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002303 xref: EHDAA2:0001949 xref: EHDAA:3358 xref: EHDAA:5313 xref: EMAPA:18619 xref: FMA:14749 xref: GAID:502 xref: galen:SuperiorMesentericArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Superior_mesenteric_a.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Gray1099.png/200px-Gray1099.png xref: MA:0002005 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.565.755 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Mesenteric_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwE5KipwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362048004 xref: VHOG:0000754 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006002 {source="Wikipedia"} ! vitelline artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001183 name: inferior mesenteric artery def: "In human anatomy, the inferior mesenteric artery, often abbreviated as IMA, supplies the large intestine from the left colic (or splenic) flexure to the upper part of the rectum, which includes the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and part of the rectum. Proximally, its territory of distribution overlaps (forms a watershed) with the middle colic artery, and therefore the superior mesenteric artery. The SMA and IMA anastomose via the marginal artery (artery of Drummond). The territory of distribution of the IMA is more or less equivalent to the embryonic hindgut. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria mesenterica inferior" RELATED [BTO:0002302] synonym: "arteria mesenterica inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_artery] synonym: "inferior mesenteric arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002302 xref: EHDAA2:0000817 xref: EHDAA:4345 xref: EMAPA:18618 xref: FMA:14750 xref: GAID:501 xref: galen:InferiorMesentericArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Gray538.png xref: MA:0002004 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.565.510 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Mesenteric_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-t-S5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181341006 xref: VHOG:0001116 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001184 name: renal artery def: "The renal arteries normally arise off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood. Each is directed across the crus of the diaphragm, so as to form nearly a right angle with the aorta. The renal arteries carry a large portion of total blood flow to the kidneys. Up to a third of total cardiac output can pass through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys. The arterial supply of the kidneys is variable and there may be one or more renal arteries supplying each kidney. It is located above the renal vein. It has a radius of approximately 0.25cm, 0.26 cm at the root. The measured mean diameter can differ depending on the imaging method used. For example, the diameter was found to be 5.04 ± 0.74 mm using ultrasound, but 5.68 ± 1.19 mm using angiography. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Renal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteria renalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_artery] synonym: "renal arterial tree" EXACT [] synonym: "renal arteries" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010223 xref: BTO:0001165 xref: EFO:0002552 xref: EHDAA2:0004100 xref: EHDAA:5321 xref: EHDAA:8594 xref: EMAPA:17862 xref: EMAPA:28373 xref: FMA:14751 xref: GAID:507 xref: galen:RenalArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Gray1120.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gray1120.png/200px-Gray1120.png xref: MA:0002035 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.745 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rveOFHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001600 xref: SCTID:181339005 xref: TAO:0000420 xref: ZFA:0000420 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: supplies UBERON:0002113 ! kidney property_value: external_definition "Artery which supplies blood via branches to the gonads, oviducts, and kidneys.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010223", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001185 name: right renal artery def: "Renal artery that supplies the right kidney" [UBERON:cjm] comment: The right [renal artery] passes behind the inferior vena cava, the right renal vein, the head of the pancreas, and the descending part of the duodenum[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "right renal arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14752 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gray1120.png/200px-Gray1120.png xref: MA:0002037 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Renal_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW8I0KgEEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rveOFHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:36800007 is_a: UBERON:0001184 ! renal artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0004539 intersection_of: UBERON:0001184 ! renal artery intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0004539 ! right kidney relationship: supplies UBERON:0004539 ! right kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0001186 name: left renal artery def: "Renal artery that supplies the left kidney" [UBERON:cjm] comment: The left [renal artery] is somewhat higher than the right; it lies behind the left renal vein, the body of the pancreas and the splenic vein, and is crossed by the inferior mesenteric vein[WP] synonym: "left renal arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14753 xref: MA:0002036 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Renal_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW8I0agEEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rveOFHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:19215005 is_a: UBERON:0001184 ! renal artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0004538 intersection_of: UBERON:0001184 ! renal artery intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0004538 ! left kidney relationship: supplies UBERON:0004538 ! left kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0001187 name: testicular artery def: "The testicular artery (the male gonadal artery, also called the internal spermatic arteries in older texts) is a branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the testis. It is a paired artery, with one for each of the testes. It is the male equivalent of the ovarian artery. Because the testis is found in a different location than that of its female equivalent, it has a different course than the ovarian artery. They are two slender vessels of considerable length, and arise from the front of the aorta a little below the renal arteries. Each passes obliquely downward and lateralward behind the peritoneum, resting on the Psoas major, the right spermatic lying in front of the inferior vena cava and behind the middle colic and ileocolic arteries and the terminal part of the ileum, the left behind the left colic and sigmoid arteries and the iliac colon. Each crosses obliquely over the ureter and the lower part of the external iliac artery to reach the abdominal inguinal ring, through which it passes, and accompanies the other constituents of the spermatic cord along the inguinal canal to the scrotum, where it becomes tortuous, and divides into several branches. Two or three of these accompany the ductus deferens, and supply the epididymis, anastomosing with the artery of the ductus deferens; others pierce the back part of the tunica albuginea, and supply the substance of the testis. The internal spermatic artery supplies one or two small branches to the ureter, and in the inguinal canal gives one or two twigs to the Cremaster. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Testicular_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria testicularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Testicular_artery] synonym: "testicular arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18621 xref: FMA:14758 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Gray531.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gray531.png/200px-Gray531.png xref: MA:0002063 xref: SCTID:244281003 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0000473 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: supplies UBERON:0000473 ! testis [Term] id: UBERON:0001188 name: right testicular artery comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "right spermatic artery" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk of right testicular arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14759 xref: MA:0002042 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Spermatic_Artery is_a: UBERON:0001187 ! testicular artery is_a: UBERON:0003468 ! ureteric segment of renal artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0004534 intersection_of: UBERON:0001187 ! testicular artery intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0004534 ! right testicle relationship: supplies UBERON:0001222 ! right ureter relationship: supplies UBERON:0004534 ! right testicle [Term] id: UBERON:0001189 name: left testicular artery comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "left spermatic artery" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk of left testicular arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14760 xref: MA:0002041 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Spermatic_Artery is_a: UBERON:0001187 ! testicular artery is_a: UBERON:0003468 ! ureteric segment of renal artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0004533 intersection_of: UBERON:0001187 ! testicular artery intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0004533 ! left testicle relationship: supplies UBERON:0001223 ! left ureter relationship: supplies UBERON:0004533 ! left testicle [Term] id: UBERON:0001190 name: ovarian artery def: "In human anatomy, the ovarian artery is a blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the ovary. It arises from the abdominal aorta below the renal artery, and does not pass out of the abdominal cavity. It can be found in the suspensory ligament of the ovary. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ovarian_artery] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria ovarica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ovarian_artery] synonym: "ovarian arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18620 xref: FMA:14761 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Gray1170.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Gray1170.png/200px-Gray1170.png xref: MA:0002012 xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOa9PZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244280002 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0010192 ! genital artery relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0001191 name: common iliac artery def: "The common iliac arteries are two large arteries, about 4cm long in adults but more than a centimetre in diameter, that originate from the aortic bifurcation. The arteries run inferolaterally, along the medial border of the psoas muscles to the pelvic brim, where they bifurcate into the external iliac artery and internal iliac artery. The common iliac artery, and all of its branches, exist as paired structures (that is to say, there is one on the left side and one on the right). The distribution of the common iliac artery is basically the pelvis and lower limb on the corresponding side. Both common iliac arteries are accompanied along their course by common iliac veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Common_iliac_artery] comment: See notes for parent class subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria iliaca communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_iliac_artery] synonym: "common iliac arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000311 xref: EHDAA:2553 xref: EMAPA:17310 xref: FMA:14764 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Iliac_artery_bifurcation_and_aorta.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Iliac_artery_bifurcation_and_aorta.PNG/200px-Iliac_artery_bifurcation_and_aorta.PNG xref: MA:0001972 xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Iliac_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvkZ7ZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362050007 is_a: UBERON:0005609 {source="MA"} ! iliac artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005458 {source="EHDAA2", notes="requires review"} ! left umbilical artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005470 {source="EHDAA2", notes="requires review"} ! right umbilical artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001192 name: left gastric artery def: "In human anatomy, the left gastric artery arises from the celiac artery, and runs along the superior portion of the lesser curvature of the stomach. Branches also supply the lower esophagus. The left gastric artery anastomoses with the right gastric artery, which supplies the inferior portion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Left_gastric_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria gastrica sinistra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_gastric_artery] synonym: "gastric artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14768 xref: galen:LeftGastricArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray532.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray532.png/200px-Gray532.png xref: MA:0001961 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwMjqKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244267000 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001640 ! celiac artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0000945 ! stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001193 name: hepatic artery def: "." [Wikipedia:Hepatic_artery_proper] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteria hepatica propria" EXACT LATIN [] xref: BTO:0004307 xref: EMAPA:17859 xref: FMA:14769 xref: GAID:496 xref: galen:HepaticArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Common_and_proper_hepatic_artery.png xref: MA:0001963 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.407 xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzKtFpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:76015000 xref: TAO:0005161 xref: ZFA:0005161 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003497 ! abdomen blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver property_value: external_definition "Artery that supplies blood to the liver.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005161", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001194 name: splenic artery def: "In anatomy, the splenic artery (in the past called the lienal artery) is the blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the spleen. It branches from the celiac artery, and follows a course superior to the pancreas. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Splenic_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria splenica, arteria lienalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Splenic_artery] synonym: "lienal artery" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:19216 xref: FMA:14773 xref: GAID:510 xref: galen:SplenicArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Gray1188.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Gray1188.png/200px-Gray1188.png xref: MA:0001991 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.814 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv0cb2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244266009 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001640 ! celiac artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001195 name: inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery def: "The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery or from its first intestinal branch, opposite the upper border of the inferior part of the duodenum. It courses to the right between the head of the pancreas and duodenum, and then ascends to anastomose with the anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. It distributes branches to the head of the pancreas and to the descending and inferior parts of the duodenum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_pancreaticoduodenal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteriae pancreaticoduodenales inferiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_pancreaticoduodenal_artery] synonym: "inferior pancreatico-duodenal artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14805 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Gray533.png xref: MA:0002014 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Pancreatico-duodenal_artery xref: SCTID:244273004 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0009658 ! pancreaticoduodenal artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001182 ! superior mesenteric artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001182 ! superior mesenteric artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001196 name: middle colic artery def: "The middle colic artery is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery that mostly supplies the transverse colon. It arises just below the pancreas, and, passing downward and forward between the layers of the transverse mesocolon, divides into two branches: right and left. The right branch anastomoses with the right colic artery The left branch anastomoses with the left colic artery, a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery. The arches thus formed are placed about two fingers’ breadth from the transverse colon, to which they distribute branches. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_colic_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria colica media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_colic_artery] xref: FMA:14810 xref: galen:MiddleColicArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Gray537.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gray537.png/200px-Gray537.png xref: MA:0002007 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Colic_Artery xref: SCTID:244276007 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001182 ! superior mesenteric artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001197 name: ileocolic artery def: "The Ileocolic Artery is the lowest branch arising from the concavity of the superior mesenteric artery. It passes downward and to the right behind the peritoneum toward the right iliac fossa, where it divides into a superior and an inferior branch; the inferior anastomoses with the end of the superior mesenteric artery, the superior with the right colic artery. Supplies the cecum, ileum, and appendix. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ileocolic_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria ileocolica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ileocolic_artery] xref: FMA:14815 xref: galen:IleocolicArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Gray536.png xref: MA:0001970 xref: ncithesaurus:Ileo-colic_Artery xref: SCTID:244279000 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001182 ! superior mesenteric artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001198 name: superior suprarenal artery def: "Each (left and right) superior suprarenal artery is a branch of the inferior phrenic artery on that side of the body. The left and right phrenic arteries supply the diaphragm, and come off the aorta. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_suprarenal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteriae suprarenales superiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_suprarenal_artery] synonym: "superior adrenal branch of inferior phrenic artery" EXACT [] synonym: "superior suprarenal branch of inferior phrenic artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14863 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Gray1121.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gray1121.png/200px-Gray1121.png xref: MA:0002057 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Suprarenal_Artery xref: SCTID:303424001 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001199 name: mucosa of stomach def: "The gastric mucosa is the mucous membrane layer of the stomach which contains the glands and the gastric pits. In men it is about 1 mm thick and its surface is smooth, soft, and velvety. It consists of epithelium, lamina propria, and the muscularis mucosae. In its fresh state, it is of a pinkish tinge at the pyloric end and of a red or reddish-brown color over the rest of its surface. In infancy it is of a brighter hue, the vascular redness being more marked. It is thin at the cardiac extremity, but thicker toward the pylorus. During the contracted state of the organ it is thrown into numerous plaits or rugae, which, for the most part, have a longitudinal direction, and are most marked toward the pyloric end of the stomach, and along the greater curvature. These folds are entirely obliterated when the organ becomes distended. When examined with a lens, the inner surface of the mucous membrane presents a peculiar honeycomb appearance from being covered with funnel-like depressions or foveolae of a polygonal or hexagonal form, which vary from 0.12 to 0.25 mm. in diameter. These are the ducts of the gastric glands, and at the bottom of each may be seen one or more minute orifices, the openings of the gland tubes. Gastric glands are simple or branched tubular glands that emerge on the deeper part of the gastric foveola, inside the gastric areas and outlined by the folds of the mucosa. There are three types of glands: cardiac glands (in the proximal part of the stomach), oxyntic glands (the dominating type of gland), and pyloric glands. The cardiac glands mainly contain mucus producing cells. The bottom part of the oxyntic glands is dominated by zymogen (chief) cells that produce pepsinogen (an inactive precursor of the pepsin enzyme). Parietal cells, which secrete hydrochloric acid are scattered in the glands, with most of them in the middle part. The upper part of the glands consist of mucous neck cells; in this part the dividing cells are seen. The pyloric glands contain mucus-secreting cells. Several types of endocrine cells are found in all regions of the gastric mucosa. In the pyloric glands contain gastrin producing cells (G cells); this hormone stimulates acid production from the parietal cells. ECL (enterochromaffine-like) cells, found in the oxyntic glands release histamine, which also is a powerful stimulant of the acid secretion. The A cells produce glucagon, which mobilizes the hepatic glycogen, and the enterochromaffin cells that produce serotonin, which stimulates the contraction of the smooth muscles. The surface of the mucous membrane is covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium . This epithelium commences very abruptly at the cardiac orifice, where there is a sudden transition from the stratified epithelium of the esophagus. The epithelial lining of the gland ducts is of the same character and is continuous with the general epithelial lining of the stomach. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gastric_mucosa] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gastric mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "gastric mucous membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "Magenschleimhaut" RELATED [BTO:0001308] synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "mucous membrane of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa (gaster)" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica mucosa gastricae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14907, FMA:TA] synonym: "tunica mucosa gastris" RELATED [BTO:0001308] synonym: "tunica mucosa gastris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gastric_mucosa] synonym: "ventriculus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001308 xref: FMA:14907 xref: GAID:321 xref: galen:GastricMucosa xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Illu_stomach2.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Illu_stomach2.jpg/200px-Illu_stomach2.jpg xref: MA:0002683 xref: MESH:A.03.492.766.440 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Mucosa xref: OpenCyc:Mx8NhB4rvcD6KJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvmKNOpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVj5FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjlqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362131005 is_a: UBERON:0004786 ! gastrointestinal system mucosa is_a: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001200 name: submucosa of stomach def: "A submucosa that is part of a stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "gastric submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "stomach submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "submucosa of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tela submucosa (gaster)" EXACT [] synonym: "ventriculus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0002110 xref: FMA:14908 xref: MA:0002685 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Submucosa xref: SCTID:52459002 is_a: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa is_a: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001201 name: serosa of stomach def: "A serous membrane that is part of a wall of stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check serosa/peritoneum synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of stomach serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of ventriculus serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of ventriculus serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric serosa" RELATED [] synonym: "gastric wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of anatomical wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of anatomical wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of gastric wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of stomach anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of stomach wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of ventriculus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of ventriculus wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous coat of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "serous membrane of anatomical wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of anatomical wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of gastric wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of stomach anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of stomach wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of ventriculus anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of ventriculus wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of wall of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of wall of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach anatomical wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach anatomical wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "stomach wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica serosa (gaster)" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica serosa gastricae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14914, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventriculus anatomical wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus anatomical wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral peritoneum of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "wall of stomach serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of stomach serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of ventriculus serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of ventriculus serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14914 xref: MA:0001626 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Serosal_Surface xref: SCTID:1353004 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004782 ! gastrointestinal system serosa is_a: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001202 name: pyloric sphincter def: "A strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal which lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from the celiac ganglion[WP]." [UBERON:cjm] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pyloric valve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pylorus] xref: AAO:0011093 xref: EMAPA:19251 xref: FMA:14916 xref: MA:0002952 xref: ncithesaurus:Pyloric_Sphincter xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvly2ZZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:268073008 xref: VHOG:0001466 xref: XAO:0000457 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011185 ! gastrointestinal sphincter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 intersection_of: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0008858 ! pyloric canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus property_value: homology_notes "(...) the adult Xenopus stomach exhibits both glandular and aglandular regions and a distinct pyloric sphincter similar to that of the amniotic vertebrates (...).[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001466", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00076.x", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001203 name: muscularis mucosae of stomach comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "gastric muscularis mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina muscularis mucosae (tunica mucosa)(gaster)" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina muscularis of gastric mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "muscular coat of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "stomach muscularis mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica muscularis gastricae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14924, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:14924 xref: MA:0002684 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Muscularis_Mucosa xref: SCTID:64551004 is_a: UBERON:0004222 ! stomach smooth muscle is_a: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001199 intersection_of: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001204 name: mucosa of small intestine def: "A mucosa that is part of a small intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "mucosa of organ of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of small intestine" EXACT [] synonym: "organ mucosa of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestinal mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine mucous membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa (intestinum tenue)" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica mucosa intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14933, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0001259 xref: FMA:14933 xref: MA:0002686 xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Mucosa xref: SCTID:362144000 is_a: UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 ! wall of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001205 name: submucosa of small intestine def: "submucosal tissue in the small intestines." [Wikipedia:Small_intestinal_submucosa] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "small bowel submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestinal submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "submucosa of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tela submucosa (intestinum tenue)" EXACT [] synonym: "tela submucosa intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002112] xref: BTO:0002112 xref: FMA:14934 xref: MA:0001562 xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Submucosa xref: SCTID:691000 is_a: UBERON:0009566 ! intestinal submucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 ! wall of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001206 name: serosa of small intestine def: "A serous membrane that is part of a small intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check serosa/peritoneum synonym: "serosa of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous coat of small intestine" EXACT [] synonym: "serous membrane of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestinal serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica serosa (intestinum tenue)" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica serosa intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14938, FMA:TA] synonym: "visceral peritoneum of small intestine" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14938 xref: MA:0001558 xref: SCTID:8266009 is_a: UBERON:0001243 ! serosa of intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 ! wall of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001243 ! serosa of intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001207 name: mucosa of large intestine def: "A mucosa that is part of a large intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "large intestinal mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestine mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestine organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of large intestine" EXACT [] synonym: "organ mucosa of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa intestini crassi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14969, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:14969 xref: MA:0002688 xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Mucosa is_a: UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 ! wall of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0001208 name: submucosa of large intestine def: "A submucosa that is part of a large intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "large intestinal submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine submucosa" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002111 xref: FMA:14970 xref: MA:0002690 xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Submucosa is_a: UBERON:0009566 ! intestinal submucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 ! wall of large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001209 name: serosa of large intestine def: "A serous membrane that is part of a large intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check serosa/peritoneum synonym: "large intestinal serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous coat of large intestine" EXACT [] synonym: "serous membrane of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica serosa intestini crassi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14975, FMA:TA] synonym: "visceral peritoneum of large intestine" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14975 xref: MA:0001546 xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Serosal_Surface is_a: UBERON:0001243 ! serosa of intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 ! wall of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001243 ! serosa of intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001210 name: muscularis mucosae of small intestine comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lamina muscularis mucosae (tunica mucosa)(intestinum tenue)" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina muscularis of small intestine mucous membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine muscularis mucosa" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15051 xref: MA:0002687 xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Muscularis_Mucosa xref: SCTID:36401004 is_a: UBERON:0001240 ! muscularis mucosae of intestine is_a: UBERON:0004239 ! small intestine smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001204 ! mucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001240 ! muscularis mucosae of intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001211 name: Peyer's patch def: "aggregations of lymphoid tissue that are usually found in the lowest portion of the small intestine ileum in humans; as such, they differentiate the ileum from the duodenum and jejunum // nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine." [Wikipedia:Peyer's_patch] comment: AO notes: FMA has [set of?] [aggregated,small] lymphoid [follice,nodule] of [colon, SI, I, etc] - Pp is a syn for Aggregated lymphoid follicle of small intestine; but MA uses Pp as covering both SI and LI. MA also includes follicle as a part subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aggregated lymphoid follicle of intestine" RELATED [] synonym: "aggregated lymphoid nodule" RELATED [] synonym: "noduli lymphoidei aggregati intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76466, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0001784 xref: EFO:0001381 xref: EMAPA:19028 xref: GAID:950 xref: MA:0000137 xref: MESH:A.10.549.598 xref: ncithesaurus:Mouse_Peyer_s_Patches xref: ncithesaurus:Peyer_s_Patch is_a: UBERON:0001962 ! gut-associated lymphoid tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0001212 name: duodenal gland def: "compound tubular submucosal glands found in that portion of the duodenum which is above the hepatopancreatic sphincter (Sphincter of Oddi). The main function of these glands is to produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Brunner's_glands] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Brunner's gland" EXACT [FMA:15060] synonym: "gland of Brunner" EXACT [FMA:15060] synonym: "glandula duodenales" RELATED [BTO:0002376] synonym: "glandula duodenales Brunneri" RELATED [BTO:0002376] xref: BTO:0002376 xref: FMA:15060 xref: GAID:314 xref: MA:0001551 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.620.270.322 xref: ncithesaurus:Brunner_s_Gland xref: SCTID:41298001 is_a: UBERON:0003408 ! gland of gut is_a: UBERON:0011148 {notes="compound tubular"} ! submucosal gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 {source="MA-inferred"} ! exocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003332 {source="FMA"} ! submucosa of duodenum relationship: secretes UBERON:0000912 ! mucus [Term] id: UBERON:0001213 name: intestinal villus alt_id: UBERON:0007607 def: "Tiny, finger-like projections that protrude from the epithelial lining of the intestinal wall[WP]" [Wikipedia:Intestinal_villus] comment: Editor notes: we assume the MA class belongs here as the intestinal villi are part of the small intestine. This may need checked for ZFA. Note the BTO class refers to a generic villous subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "enteric villi" EXACT PLURAL [HP:0011473] synonym: "enteric villous" EXACT [HP:0011473] synonym: "enteric villus" EXACT [HP:0011473] synonym: "intestinal villi" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005125] synonym: "small intestine villus" EXACT [MA:0001563] synonym: "villi intestinales" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "villi intestinales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intestinal_villus] synonym: "villus" EXACT [BTO:0003121] synonym: "villus intestinalis (intestinum tenue)" EXACT [FMA:15072] xref: BTO:0003121 xref: FMA:15072 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg/200px-Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg xref: MA:0001563 xref: ncithesaurus:Villus xref: SCTID:23230007 xref: TAO:0005125 xref: ZFA:0005125 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 {source="FMA"} ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001204 {source="FMA"} ! mucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 {source="FMA"} ! intestinal mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001277 {source="ZFA"} ! intestinal epithelium property_value: external_definition "The entire digestive tract is lined by well developed villi, which are longest in the intestinal bulb and decrease progressively in size towards the caudal end of the intestine. No crypts are present, but, the regions between the villi, the intervillus pockets, have a crypt-like function. Cells are produced in the intervillus pockets and shed from the villus tips. Crosnier et al. 2005[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005125", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001214 name: pancreatic tributary of splenic vein def: "The pancreatic veins consist of several small vessels which drain the body and tail of the pancreas, and open into the trunk of the great pancreatic vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pancreatic vein" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15388 xref: MA:0002189 xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Vein xref: SCTID:264492008 is_a: UBERON:0002017 ! portal vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0003713 {source="FMA/obol"} ! splenic vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001215 name: inferior mesenteric vein def: "In human anatomy, the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the large intestine. It usually terminates when reaching the splenic vein, which goes on to form the portal vein with the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). Anatomical variations include the IMV draining into the confluence of the SMV and splenic vein and the IMV draining in the SMV. The IMV lies to the right of the similarly name artery, the inferior mesenteric artery, which originates from the abdominal aorta. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lower mesenteric vein" RELATED [BTO:0002782] synonym: "vena mesenterica inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_mesenteric_vein] xref: BTO:0002782 xref: EHDAA2:0000819 xref: EHDAA:8712 xref: EMAPA:18642 xref: FMA:15391 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png xref: MA:0002178 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Mesenteric_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvcV53ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:281055007 xref: VHOG:0001118 is_a: UBERON:0005617 ! mesenteric vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0003713 {source="FMA/obol"} ! splenic vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001216 name: jejunal vein def: "The jejunal veins are tributaries of the superior mesenteric vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Jejunal_veins] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "venae jejunales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Jejunal_veins] xref: FMA:15402 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png xref: MA:0002153 is_a: UBERON:0002017 ! portal vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001138 {source="FMA/obol"} ! superior mesenteric vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001217 name: ileal vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:15405 xref: MA:0002140 xref: ncithesaurus:Ileal_Vein is_a: UBERON:0002017 ! portal vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001138 {source="FMA/obol"} ! superior mesenteric vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001218 name: middle colic vein def: "The middle colic vein drains the transverse colon. It is a tributary of the superior mesenteric vein, and follows the path of its corresponding artery, the middle colic artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_colic_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena colica media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_colic_vein] synonym: "vena colica media (intermedia)" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15406 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png xref: MA:0002181 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvywYIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:9018004 is_a: UBERON:0002017 ! portal vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001138 {source="FMA/obol"} ! superior mesenteric vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001219 name: ileocolic vein def: "The ileocolic vein is a vein which drains the ileum, colon, and cecum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ileocolic_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena ileocolica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ileocolic_vein] xref: FMA:15408 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png xref: MA:0002141 xref: ncithesaurus:Ileocolic_Vein xref: SCTID:36208008 is_a: UBERON:0002017 ! portal vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001138 ! superior mesenteric vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001138 {source="FMA/obol"} ! superior mesenteric vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001220 name: quadratus lumborum def: "The Quadratus lumborum is irregular and quadrilateral in shape, and broader below than above. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Quadratus_lumborum_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "muscle of posterior abdominal wall" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18524 xref: FMA:15569 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Gray1124.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gray1124.png/200px-Gray1124.png xref: MA:0002362 xref: ncithesaurus:Quadratus_Lumborum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvj1wcpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0002378 ! muscle of abdomen is_a: UBERON:0004518 ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001077 {notes="Last rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae", source="dbpedia"} ! transverse process of vertebra relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 {notes="Last rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae", source="dbpedia"} ! rib relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002414 {notes="Last rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae", source="dbpedia"} ! lumbar vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001221 name: transversus abdominis muscle def: "The transversus abdominis muscle, also known as the transversalis muscle and transverse abdominal muscle, is a muscle layer of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall which is just deep to (layered below) the internal oblique muscle. It is thought to be a major muscle of the functional core of the human body; although some argue that due to its small cross-sectional area, it cannot generate the forces required to be a prime core stabilizer. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus transversus abdominis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15570, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus transversus abdominis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "transversalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] synonym: "transversalis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] synonym: "transverse abdominal" EXACT [] synonym: "transverse abdominal" EXACT [FMA:15570] synonym: "transverse abdominal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] synonym: "transverse abdominal muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] synonym: "transverse abdominis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] synonym: "transverse abdominus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] synonym: "transversis abdominus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] synonym: "transversus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] synonym: "transversus abdominis" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "transversus abdominis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] synonym: "transversus abdominus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] synonym: "transversus abdominus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversus_abdominis_muscle] xref: EHDAA2:0002078 xref: EHDAA:8254 xref: EMAPA:18165 xref: FMA:15570 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Illu_trunk_muscles.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Illu_trunk_muscles.jpg/200px-Illu_trunk_muscles.jpg xref: MA:0002396 xref: ncithesaurus:Transversus_Abdominis xref: SCTID:244933000 xref: VHOG:0000845 is_a: UBERON:0002461 ! anterior abdominal wall muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 {source="EHDAA2"} ! body-wall mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 {source="VHOG"} ! anterior abdominal wall property_value: external_definition "One of a pair of transverse abdominal muscles that is the anterolateral muscle of the abdomen, lying immediately under the internal abdominal oblique. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000845", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/transversus+abdominis"} property_value: homology_notes "Behind the thorax, the lateral group (of muscles in reptiles and mammals) remains essentially as for amphibians. (It breaks into three sheet-like layers: external oblique muscle, the internal oblique, and the transversus). More anteriorly, however, the ribs, now enlarged, penetrate and alter this group of muscles. The transversus is excluded from the thorax and the external and internal obliques become, respectively, the external and internal intercostal muscles, which contribute to the new function of ventilation of the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000845", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.193", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001222 name: right ureter def: "A ureter that is part of a right side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:15571 xref: MA:0001685 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Ureter xref: SCTID:276251000 is_a: UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0000056 ! ureter intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0001223 name: left ureter def: "A ureter that is part of a left side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:15572 xref: MA:0001684 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Ureter xref: SCTID:276340002 is_a: UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0000056 ! ureter intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0001224 name: renal pelvis def: "funnel-like dilated proximal part of the ureter in the kidney." [Wikipedia:Renal_pelvis] comment: In this ontology, the renal pelvis is represented as the area of part-overlap between the kidney and the ureter subset: uberon_slim synonym: "kidney pelvis" EXACT [] synonym: "p. renallis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_pelvis] synonym: "pelvis of ureter" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17948 xref: FMA:15575 xref: GAID:426 xref: galen:RenalPelvis xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg/200px-Illu_kidney2.jpg xref: MA:0000374 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.537 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Pelvis xref: SCTID:362221007 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001088 ! urine relationship: channels_from UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: channels_into UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 {source="FMA"} ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 {source="MA"} ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0001225 name: cortex of kidney def: "Region of parenchyma of kidney representing the outer portion.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Renal_cortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cortex renalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15581, FMA:TA] synonym: "kidney cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "renal cortex" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001166 xref: EMAPA:17952 xref: FMA:15581 xref: GAID:424 xref: galen:CortexOfKidney xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg/200px-Illu_kidney.jpg xref: MA:0000372 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.324 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Cortex xref: SCTID:362211004 is_a: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0008987 {source="FMA"} ! renal parenchyma [Term] id: UBERON:0001226 name: major calyx def: "The major calyx, in the kidney, surrounds the apex of the malpighian pyramids. Urine formed in the kidney passes through a papilla at the apex into a minor calyx then into major calyx before passing through the renal pelvis into the ureter. Peristalsis of the smooth muscle originating in pace-maker cells originating in the walls of the calyces propels urine through the pelvis and ureters to the bladder. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Major_calyx] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calices renales majores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Major_calyx] synonym: "major calix" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18677 xref: FMA:15613 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/200px-Kidney_PioM.png xref: MA:0001644 xref: SCTID:1106008 is_a: UBERON:0006517 ! kidney calyx [Term] id: UBERON:0001227 name: minor calyx def: "The minor calyx, in the kidney, surrounds the apex of the malpighian pyramids. Urine formed in the kidney passes through a papilla at the apex into the minor calyx then into the major calyx. Peristalsis of the smooth muscle originating in pace-maker cells originating in the walls of the calyces propels urine through the pelvis and ureters to the bladder. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Minor_calyx] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calices renales minores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Minor_calyx] synonym: "minor calix" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18678 xref: FMA:15614 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/200px-Kidney_PioM.png xref: MA:0001645 xref: SCTID:26293004 is_a: UBERON:0006517 ! kidney calyx [Term] id: UBERON:0001228 name: renal papilla def: "In the kidney, the renal papilla is the location where the Medullary pyramids empty urine into the renal pelvis. Histologically it is marked by medullary collecting ducts converging to channel the fluid. Transitional epithelium begins to be seen. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Renal_papilla] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "kidney papilla" EXACT [MP:0011303] xref: BTO:0003925 xref: FMA:15622 xref: galen:RenalPapilla xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/200px-Kidney_PioM.png xref: MA:0002730 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.466 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Papilla xref: SCTID:362214007 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001294 ! inner medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0001229 name: renal corpuscle def: "In the kidney, a renal corpuscle is the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron. It consists of two structures: a glomerulus and a Bowman's capsule. The glomerulus is a small tuft of capillaries containing two cell types. Endothelial cells, which have large fenestrae, are not covered by diaphragms. Mesangial cells are modified smooth muscle cells that lie between the capillaries and the glomerulus. They regulate blood flow by their contractile activity and secrete extracellular matrix, prostaglandins, and cytokines. Mesangial cells also have phagocytic activity, removing proteins and other molecules trapped in the glomerular basement membrane or filtration barrier. The Bowman's capsule has an outer parietal layer composed of simple squamous epithelium. The visceral layer, composed of modified simple squamous epithelium, is lined by podocytes. Podocytes have foot processes, pedicels, that wrap around glomerular capillaries. These pedicels interdigitate with pedicels of adjacent podocytes forming filtration slits. The renal corpuscle filtration barrier is composed of: the fenestrated endothelium of glomerular capillaries, the fused basal lamina of endothelial cells and podocytes, and the filtration slits of the podocytes. This barrier permits passage of water, ions, and small molecules from the bloodstream into Bowman's space (the space between the visceral and parietal layers). Large and/or negatively charged proteins are prevented from passing into Bowman's space, thus retaining these proteins in the circulation. The basal lamina is composed of 3 layers: lamina rara externa, lamina densa, and lamina rara interna. The lamina rara externa is adjacent to the podocyte processes. The lamina densa is the central layer consisting of type IV collagen and laminin. This layer acts as a selective macromolecular filter, preventing the passage of large protein molecules into Bowman's space. The lamina rara intena is adjacent to endothelial cells. This layer contains heparan sulfate, a negatively charged glycosaminoglycan that contributes to the electrostatic barrier of the glomerular filter. There are two poles in the renal corpuscle, a vascular pole, and a urinary pole. The vascular pole is where the afferent and efferent arterioles communicate with the glomerulus. The urinary pole is where the corpuscle opens into the lumen of the proximal convoluted tubule. Fluid from blood in the glomerulus is collected in the Bowman's capsule to form 'glomerular filtrate', which is then further processed along the nephron to form urine. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Renal_corpuscle] comment: Together, the Bowmans capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "corpusculum renale" EXACT [] synonym: "corpusculum renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_corpuscle] synonym: "cortical renal corpuscle" RELATED [] synonym: "malphighian corpuscle" RELATED [] synonym: "malphigian corpuscle" EXACT [] synonym: "Malpighian corpuscle" EXACT [ZFA:0005281] xref: BTO:0000333 xref: EMAPA:28236 xref: EV:0100385 xref: FMA:15625 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Renal_corpuscle.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Renal_corpuscle.svg/200px-Renal_corpuscle.svg.png xref: MA:0000376 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Corpuscle xref: SCTID:361329009 xref: TAO:0005281 xref: VHOG:0001262 xref: ZFA:0005281 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron property_value: external_definition "The part of the nephron that filters blood.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005281", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001230 name: glomerular capsule def: "The Bowman's capsule is a cup-like sac at the beginning of the tubular component of a nephron in the mammalian kidney. A glomerulus is enclosed in the sac. Fluids from blood in the glomerulus are collected in the Bowman's capsule and further processed along the nephron to form urine. This process is known as ultrafiltration. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Bowman%27s_capsule] comment: One fold of the S-shaped body gives rise to Bowman’s capsule[GUDMAP] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "Bowman's capsule" EXACT [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron] synonym: "bowman's capsule " RELATED [TAO:0005254] synonym: "Bowmans capsule" EXACT [KUPO:0001001] synonym: "capsula glomerularis" RELATED LATIN [] synonym: "pronephric glomerular capsule" RELATED [TAO:0005310] synonym: "renal glomerular capsule" EXACT [TAO:0005254] xref: AAO:0010526 xref: BTO:0002297 xref: EMAPA:27973 xref: EMAPA:28257 xref: FMA:15626 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray1130.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray1130.svg/200px-Gray1130.svg.png xref: KUPO:0001001 xref: MA:0001660 xref: ncithesaurus:Bowman_s_Capsule xref: SCTID:361331000 xref: TAO:0005254 xref: TAO:0005310 xref: ZFA:0005254 xref: ZFA:0005310 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0002015 ! kidney capsule relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004199 ! S-shaped body relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 ! renal corpuscle property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure found in the kidney consisting of an expanded end of a kidney tubule surrounding a glomerulus and is the major site of filtration.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010526", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001231 name: nephron tubule alt_id: UBERON:0004210 def: "An epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney." [GO:0072078, Wikipedia:Renal_tubule] comment: note that in ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong", the uriniferous tubule contains the nephron, so we have a separate class, rather than using a synonym, as in MA subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "kidney tubule" EXACT [GAID:433] synonym: "renal tubule" BROAD [] synonym: "tubulus renalis" EXACT [] synonym: "uriniferous tubule" RELATED [MA:0000377] xref: BTO:0000343 xref: EFO:0003666 xref: EMAPA:27782 xref: EV:0100387 xref: FMA:15627 xref: GAID:433 xref: MA:0000377 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.736.560 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Tubule xref: SCTID:361332007 xref: TAO:0001287 xref: ZFA:0001287 is_a: UBERON:0004211 ! nephron epithelium is_a: UBERON:0009773 {source="GO"} ! renal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 intersection_of: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003918 {notes="checkme"} ! kidney mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0001232 name: collecting duct of renal tubule def: "The collecting duct is a portion of the nephron through which water flows, moving passively down its concentration gradient" [GO:0072044] comment: note that in ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong", the nephron is adjacent to the collecting tubule, consistent with FMA, but not GO subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "collecting duct" EXACT [GO:0072044] synonym: "collecting duct system" RELATED [BTO:0000761] synonym: "collecting tubule" RELATED [] synonym: "kidney collecting duct" EXACT [] synonym: "renal collecting tubule" EXACT [FMA:15628] synonym: "tubulus renalis colligens" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000761 xref: EMAPA:28407 xref: EV:0100391 xref: FMA:15628 xref: GAID:434 xref: MA:0000371 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.736.560.510 xref: SCTID:28202009 xref: TAO:0005294 xref: ZFA:0005294 is_a: UBERON:0006553 ! renal duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 {source="GO", notes="checkme"} ! nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0007684 {source="FMA"} ! uriniferous tubule property_value: external_definition "Renal duct that collects the output from renal tubules.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005294", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001233 name: right adrenal gland comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "right suprarenal gland" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15629 xref: MA:0000719 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Adrenal_Gland xref: SCTID:281625001 is_a: UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001234 name: left adrenal gland comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "left suprarenal gland" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15630 xref: MA:0000718 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Adrenal_Gland xref: SCTID:281626000 is_a: UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001235 name: adrenal cortex def: "Situated along the perimeter of the adrenal gland, the adrenal cortex mediates the stress response through the production of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, including aldosterone and cortisol respectively. It is also a secondary site of androgen synthesis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Adrenal_cortex] comment: Taxon notes: Kardong states that mammals are the first to have distinct cortext and medulla, but this contradicts XAO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "cortex (glandula suprarenalis)" EXACT [] synonym: "cortex glandulae suprarenalis" RELATED [BTO:0000045] synonym: "cortex glandulae suprarenalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Adrenal_cortex] synonym: "cortex of adrenal gland" EXACT [] synonym: "cortex of suprarenal gland" EXACT [] synonym: "suprarenal" RELATED [] synonym: "suprarenal cortex" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011009 xref: BTO:0000045 xref: EFO:0000237 xref: EMAPA:18427 xref: EV:0100136 xref: FMA:15632 xref: GAID:447 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray1185.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray1185.png/200px-Gray1185.png xref: MA:0000118 xref: MAT:0000494 xref: MESH:A.06.407.071.140 xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Cortex xref: SCTID:362584002 xref: VHOG:0001481 xref: XAO:0000165 is_a: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002369 intersection_of: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland property_value: homology_notes "All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues (medulla), but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001481", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.518 and Figure 15-9", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001236 name: adrenal medulla def: "The adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal gland. It is located at the center of the gland, being surrounded by the adrenal cortex. It is the innermost part of the adrenal gland, consisting of cells that secrete epinephrine, norepinephrine, and a small amount of dopamine in response to stimulation by sympathetic preganglionic neurons. Composed mainly of hormone-producing chromaffin cells, the adrenal medulla is the principal site of the conversion of the amino acid tyrosine into the catecholamines adrenaline (epinephrine), noradrenaline (norepinephrine), and dopamine[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Adrenal_medulla] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland medulla" EXACT [] synonym: "chromaffin cells" RELATED [] synonym: "medulla (glandula suprarenalis)" EXACT [] synonym: "medulla glandulae suprarenalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15633, FMA:TA] synonym: "medulla of adrenal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla of glandula suprarenalis" RELATED [BTO:0000049] synonym: "medulla of suprarenal gland" EXACT [] synonym: "suprarenal medulla" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011010 xref: BTO:0000049 xref: EFO:0000852 xref: EMAPA:18428 xref: EV:0100137 xref: FMA:15633 xref: GAID:451 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray1185.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray1185.png/200px-Gray1185.png xref: MA:0000119 xref: MAT:0000495 xref: MESH:A.06.224.161 xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Medulla xref: SCTID:362585001 xref: VHOG:0001378 xref: XAO:0000166 is_a: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002369 intersection_of: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="Kardong", source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex property_value: homology_notes "All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues (medulla), but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001378", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.518 and Figure 15-9", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001237 name: paraaortic body def: "." [Wikipedia:Organ_of_Zuckerkandl] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "organ of zuckerkandl" EXACT [] synonym: "para-aortic body" RELATED [] synonym: "paraganglia of zuckerkandl" RELATED [] synonym: "paraganglion of Zuckerkandl" EXACT [EMAPA:18223] xref: EMAPA:18223 xref: FMA:15647 xref: GAID:444 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Gray531.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gray531.png/200px-Gray531.png xref: MA:0001137 xref: MESH:A.06.224.636 xref: ncithesaurus:Paraaortic xref: SCTID:276159005 is_a: UBERON:0000062 {source="FMA"} ! organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0001238 name: lamina propria of small intestine def: "Lamina propria that is part_of the small intestine." [GOC:Obol] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of small intestine" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina propria of mucosa of small intestine" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina propria of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine lamina propria" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15651 xref: MA:0001554 xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Lamina_Propria xref: SCTID:63588008 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004780 ! gastrointestinal system lamina propria relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001204 ! mucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001239 name: muscularis mucosae of large intestine comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lamina muscularis of large intestine mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina muscularis of large intestine mucous membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine muscularis mucosa" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15655 xref: MA:0002689 xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Muscularis_Mucosa is_a: UBERON:0001240 ! muscularis mucosae of intestine is_a: UBERON:0004220 ! large intestine smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001240 ! muscularis mucosae of intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001240 name: muscularis mucosae of intestine comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "intestine muscularis mucosa" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15691 xref: MA:0002694 is_a: UBERON:0004221 ! intestine smooth muscle is_a: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 intersection_of: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0001241 name: crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine def: "A crypt of lieberkuhn that is part of a small intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "crypt of lieberkuhn of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinal gland of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinal gland of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lieberkuhn crypt of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lieberkuhn crypt of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel intestinal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel lieberkuhn crypt" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestinal crypt of Lieberkuhn" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine crypt of Lieberkuhn" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine intestinal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine lieberkuhn crypt" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15693 xref: MA:0001552 xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Crypt_of_Lieberkuhn is_a: UBERON:0001983 ! crypt of lieberkuhn relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0001983 ! crypt of lieberkuhn intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001242 name: intestinal mucosa def: "The innermost membrane of the four coats of the intestinal wall, the other three being the submucosa, muscular layers, and serosa. (Berk et al., Gastroenterology, 4th ed, v.3, p1479)" [MESH:A.03.492.411.369] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bowel mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "intestine mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of intestine" EXACT [] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa intestini" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000642 xref: FMA:15695 xref: GAID:296 xref: MA:0001537 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.369 xref: ncithesaurus:Intestinal_Mucosa xref: SCTID:362080002 is_a: UBERON:0004786 ! gastrointestinal system mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001243 name: serosa of intestine def: "A serous membrane that is part of a wall of intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check serosa/peritoneum synonym: "anatomical wall of bowel serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of bowel serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of intestine serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of intestine serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel anatomical wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel anatomical wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinal serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "intestinal wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinal wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine anatomical wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine anatomical wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "intestine wall serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine wall serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of anatomical wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of anatomical wall of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of bowel anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of bowel wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of intestinal wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of intestine anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of intestine wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of wall of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of anatomical wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of anatomical wall of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of bowel anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of bowel wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of intestinal wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of intestine anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of intestine wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of wall of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral peritoneum of intestine" EXACT [] synonym: "wall of bowel serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of bowel serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of intestine serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of intestine serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15701 xref: MA:0001538 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004782 ! gastrointestinal system serosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001244 name: internal anal sphincter def: "The Sphincter ani internus (or internal anal sphincter) is a muscular ring which surrounds about 2.5 cm of the anal canal; its inferior border is in contact with, but quite separate from, the Sphincter ani externus. It is about 5 mm thick, and is formed by an aggregation of the involuntary circular fibers of the intestine. Its lower border is about 6 mm from the orifice of the anus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_anal_sphincter] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "circular layer of anal muscularis externa" EXACT [] synonym: "circular layer of muscularis externa of anal canal" EXACT [] synonym: "circular layer of muscularis propria of anal canal" EXACT [] synonym: "circular muscle layer of anal canal" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18266 xref: FMA:15710 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray1079.png/200px-Gray1079.png xref: MA:0001534 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Anal_Sphincter is_a: UBERON:0004231 {source="MA"} ! anal region smooth muscle is_a: UBERON:0004916 ! anal sphincter is_a: UBERON:0007521 ! smooth muscle sphincter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0001245 name: anus def: "Orifice at the opposite end of an animal's digestive tract from the mouth. Its function is to expel feces, unwanted semi-solid matter produced during digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, may be one or more of: matter which the animal cannot digest, such as bones; food material after all the nutrients have been extracted, for example cellulose or lignin; ingested matter which would be toxic if it remained in the digestive tract; and dead or excess gut bacteria and other endosymbionts." [Wikipedia:Anus, ZFIN:curator] comment: Taxon notes: In the lungfish, sharks and rays the rectum opens into the cloaca which also receives wastes (urine) from the kidneys and material from the reproductive organs. In bony fish the rectum reaches the outside environment through the anus, which is normally situated just in front the urinary and reproductive openings. However in some fish the digestive tract may be curled back on itself, and in the Electric Eel (Electrophorus electricus) the anus is situated in the fish's throat. -- http://www.earthlife.net/fish/digestion.html subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anal orifice" EXACT [] synonym: "proctodeum" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001680 xref: EV:0100082 xref: FBbt:00001893 xref: FBbt:00003148 xref: FMA:15711 xref: GAID:312 xref: galen:Anus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Protovsdeuterostomes.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Anorectum.gif/200px-Anorectum.gif xref: MA:0000331 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.495.767.288 xref: ncithesaurus:Anus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjaEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181262009 xref: TADS:0000066 xref: TGMA:0001279 xref: WBbt:0005364 is_a: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000931 ! proctodeum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0001246 name: interlobular bile duct def: "the canals that carry bile in the liver between the intralobular ducts and the biliary ductules; interlobular bile ducts are part of the interlobular portal triad." [MP:0009500] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:15767 xref: MA:0002668 xref: ncithesaurus:Interlobular_Bile_Duct xref: SCTID:83488001 is_a: UBERON:0003704 {source="FMA"} ! intrahepatic bile duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001279 {source="FMA"} ! portal triad [Term] id: UBERON:0001247 name: falciform ligament def: "a ligament that attaches the liver to the anterior body wall. It is a broad and thin antero-posterior peritoneal fold, falciform in shape, its base being directed downward and backward and its apex upward and backward. It is a remnant of the ventral mesentery of the fetus. It is situated in an antero-posterior plane but lies obliquely, so that one surface faces forward and is in contact with the peritoneum behind the right rectus and the diaphragm, while the other is directed backward and is in contact with the left lobe of the liver. It is attached by its left margin to the under surface of the diaphragm and the posterior surface of the sheath of the right Rectus as low down as the umbilicus; by its right margin it extends from the notch on the anterior margin of the liver, as far back as the posterior surface. It is composed of two layers of peritoneum closely united together. Its base or free edge contains between its layers the round ligament and the paraumbilical veins[WP]." [Wikipedia:Falciform_ligament] comment: In FMA this is a subclass of mesentery. In MA it is a subclass of ligament, we infer and assert this is a nonskeletal ligament subset: uberon_slim synonym: "falciform ligament of liver" EXACT [] synonym: "ligamentum falciforme (hepatis)" EXACT [] synonym: "ligamentum falciforme hepatis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15823, FMA:TA] xref: EHDAA2:0000499 xref: EHDAA:4856 xref: EMAPA:18288 xref: EMAPA:18908 xref: FMA:15823 xref: MA:0001622 xref: ncithesaurus:Falciform_Ligament xref: SCTID:362705001 xref: VHOG:0000355 is_a: UBERON:0003281 ! mesentery of stomach is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0008845 {source="MA-propagated"} ! nonskeletal ligament relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000309 relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002107 intersection_of: UBERON:0008845 ! nonskeletal ligament intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000309 ! body wall intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000309 ! body wall relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0005626 {source="MA"} ! ventral mesogastrium [Term] id: UBERON:0001248 name: hilum of spleen def: "The splenic hilum is a location on the surface of the spleen. It is the point of attachment for the gastrosplenic ligament, and the point of insertion for the splenic artery and splenic vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Splenic_hilum] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hilum lienale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15841, FMA:TA] synonym: "hilum splenicum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15841, FMA:TA] synonym: "hilum splenicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Splenic_hilum] synonym: "spleen hilum" EXACT [] synonym: "splenic hilum" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:19303 xref: FMA:15841 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Gray1188.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Gray1188.png/200px-Gray1188.png xref: MA:0002670 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Hilum xref: SCTID:245377005 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004885 ! hilum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0004885 ! hilum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0001249 name: spleen lymphoid follicle alt_id: UBERON:0003969 def: "the area of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur" [CL:tm, https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/6, MP:0008470] synonym: "lymphatic follicle of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15843] synonym: "lymphoid follicle of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15843] synonym: "lymphoid nodule of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15843] synonym: "Malpighian body" EXACT [FMA:15843] synonym: "spleen B cell follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "spleen lymphoid follicle" EXACT [MA:0002672] synonym: "spleen lymphoid nodule" RELATED [MA:0002672] synonym: "splenic B cell follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "splenic lymphatic follicle" EXACT [FMA:15843] synonym: "splenic lymphoid follicle" EXACT [] xref: MA:0002672 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Lymphoid_Follicle xref: SCTID:35845000 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000444 ! lymphoid follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0000444 ! lymphoid follicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001959 {source="CL:tm", source="MA"} ! white pulp of spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0006561 {source="FMA"} ! non-lymphatic part of lymphoid system relationship: part_of UBERON:1000024 {source="FMA"} ! parenchyma of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0001250 name: red pulp of spleen def: "Red pulp of the spleen is composed of connective tissue known as the cords of Billroth and many splenic sinuses that are engorged with blood, giving it a red color. Its primary function is to filter the blood of antigens, microorganisms, and defective or worn-out red blood cells. The spleen is made of red pulp and white pulp, separated by the marginal zone; 76-79% of a normal spleen is red pulp. Unlike white pulp, which mainly contains lymphocytes such as T cells, red pulp is made up of several different types of blood cells, including platelets, granulocytes, red blood cells, and plasma." [Wikipedia:Red_pulp] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pulpa rubra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15844, FMA:TA] synonym: "pulpa splenica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Red_pulp] synonym: "red pulp" EXACT [] synonym: "spleen red pulp" EXACT [] synonym: "splenic red pulp" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15844 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray1191.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gray1191.png/200px-Gray1191.png xref: MA:0000756 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Red_Pulp xref: SCTID:27579002 is_a: UBERON:1000023 ! spleen pulp [Term] id: UBERON:0001251 name: marginal zone of spleen def: "region at the interface between the non-lymphoid red pulp and the lymphoid white-pulp of the spleen." [Wikipedia:Marginal_zone] comment: WP says - (Some sources consider it to be the part of red pulp which borders on the white pulp, while other sources consider it to be neither red pulp nor white pulp.) - we use the adjacency relation here so it overlaps neither. FMA considers this an anatomical line. Not to be confused with: Marginal zone of spleen (e.g. AAO:0010448 marginal zone) synonym: "junctional zone of spleen" EXACT [] synonym: "marginal zone" BROAD [Wikipedia:Marginal_zone] synonym: "spleen marginal zone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15852 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray1191.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gray1191.png/200px-Gray1191.png xref: MA:0000755 xref: ncithesaurus:Marginal_Zone is_a: UBERON:0000466 ! immaterial anatomical entity disjoint_from: UBERON:0004879 ! marginal zone of embryo relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001250 ! red pulp of spleen relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0001252 name: adventitia of ureter comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "external adventitia of ureter" EXACT [] synonym: "ureter adventitia" EXACT [] synonym: "ureteral adventitia" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:28114 xref: FMA:15892 xref: MA:0002652 xref: SCTID:392273001 xref: SCTID:47879001 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005742 ! adventitia is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0005742 ! adventitia intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0001253 name: lamina propria of ureter def: "A lamina propria that is part of a ureter [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ureter lamina propria" EXACT [] synonym: "ureter lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ureter lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:28841 xref: FMA:15896 xref: MA:0002653 xref: SCTID:2771005 is_a: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0001254 name: urothelium of ureter def: "the luminal epithelium of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder[MP,unvetted]" [MP:0000535] comment: AO notes: MP treats ureter urothelium and ureter luminal urothelium as exact synonyms, yes MA treats these as distinct; see also: transitional epithelium vs urothelium synonym: "transitional epithelium of ureter" EXACT [] synonym: "ureter luminal urothelium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MP:0000535] synonym: "ureter transitional epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "ureter urothelium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15897 xref: MA:0002655 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000365 ! urothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0000365 ! urothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0001255 name: urinary bladder def: "Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the right and left ureters and distally with the urethra." [FMA:15900, Wikipedia:Urinary_bladder] comment: editor note: consider adding a 'bladder' grouping class subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bladder" EXACT [] synonym: "excretory canal" BROAD [] synonym: "vesica urinaria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Urinary_bladder] xref: AAO:0000623 xref: BTO:0001418 xref: EFO:0000290 xref: EHDAA2:0000174 xref: EHDAA:9328 xref: EMAPA:18321 xref: EV:0100098 xref: FMA:15900 xref: GAID:0000004 xref: galen:UrinaryBladder xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Urinary_system.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Urinary_system.svg/200px-Urinary_system.svg.png xref: MA:0000380 xref: MAT:0000122 xref: MESH:A.05.810.161 xref: MIAA:0000122 xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjMmZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302512001 xref: VHOG:0000740 xref: XAO:0000154 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000489 ! cavitated compound organ is_a: UBERON:0002075 ! viscus is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001556 {source="FMA"} ! lower urinary tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen property_value: external_definition "A saccular organ in which urine accumulates before discharge from the body. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000740", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which consists of a membranous sac used to temporarily store urine until it is excreted from the body.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000623", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "In tetrapods, the urinary bladder arises as an outpocketing of the cloaca. (...) The tetrapod urinary bladder appears first among amphibians and is present in Sphenodon, turtles, most lizards, ostriches among birds, and all mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000740", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.577-78", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001256 name: wall of urinary bladder def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "anatomical wall of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder wall" EXACT [] synonym: "wall of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001462 xref: FMA:15902 xref: MA:0002493 xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Wall xref: SCTID:362225003 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0001257 name: trigone of urinary bladder def: "The trigone is a smooth triangular region of the internal urinary bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice. The area is very sensitive to expansion and once stretched to a certain degree, the urinary bladder signals the brain of its need to empty. The signals become stronger as the bladder continues to fill. Embryologically, the trigone of the Bladder is derived from the caudal end of mesonephric ducts. In the Female the mesonephric ducts break down but, thus, the Trigone of the Bladder is less prominent but, still present. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trigone_of_urinary_bladder] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "deep trigone" EXACT [] synonym: "Lieutaud's trigone" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus trigoni vesicae profundus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15910, FMA:TA] synonym: "trigone of bladder" EXACT [] synonym: "trigonum vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15910, FMA:TA] synonym: "trigonum vesicae urinariae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigone_of_urinary_bladder] synonym: "urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [] synonym: "vesical trigone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15910 xref: galen:TrigoneOfUrinaryBladder xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Illu_bladder.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_bladder.jpg/200px-Illu_bladder.jpg xref: MA:0002492 xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Trigone xref: SCTID:272663002 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0001258 name: neck of urinary bladder def: "The neck of the urinary bladder is the portion of the urinary bladder adjacent to the prostate gland in men. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Neck_of_urinary_bladder] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bladder neck" EXACT [] synonym: "cervix vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15912, FMA:TA] synonym: "cervix vesicae urinariae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neck_of_urinary_bladder] synonym: "collum vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15912, FMA:TA] synonym: "neck of bladder" EXACT [] synonym: "urinary bladder neck" EXACT [] synonym: "vesical neck" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15912 xref: galen:UrinaryBladderNeck xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray1156.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray1156.png/200px-Gray1156.png xref: MA:0002491 xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Neck xref: SCTID:362227006 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001560 ! neck of organ is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0001259 name: mucosa of urinary bladder def: "A mucosa that is part of a urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "bladder mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of bladder" EXACT [] synonym: "mucous membrane of urinary bladder" EXACT [] synonym: "organ mucosa of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa (vesica urinaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15928, FMA:TA] synonym: "tunica mucosa vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15928, FMA:TA] synonym: "urinary bladder mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "urinary bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0000293 xref: FMA:15928 xref: galen:MucousMembraneOfUrinaryBladder xref: MA:0001692 xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Mucosa xref: SCTID:362224004 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001256 ! wall of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0001260 name: serosa of urinary bladder def: "A serous membrane that is part of a urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check serosa/peritoneum synonym: "bladder serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "bladder serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of bladder" EXACT [] synonym: "serous coat of bladder" EXACT [] synonym: "serous coat of urinary bladder" EXACT [] synonym: "serous membrane of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica serosa (vesica urinaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15932, FMA:TA] synonym: "tunica serosa vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15932, FMA:TA] synonym: "urinary bladder serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "urinary bladder serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral peritoneum of urinary bladder" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:28661 xref: FMA:15932 xref: MA:0001696 xref: SCTID:5868002 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0001261 name: lamina propria of urinary bladder def: "A lamina propria that is part of a urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "bladder lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder lamina propria" EXACT [] synonym: "urinary bladder lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:30088 xref: FMA:15935 xref: MA:0001695 xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Lamina_Propria is_a: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001259 ! mucosa of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0001262 name: wall of intestine def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "anatomical wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinal wall" EXACT [] synonym: "intestine anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine wall" EXACT [] synonym: "wall of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000647 xref: FMA:15949 xref: MA:0002693 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001263 name: pancreatic acinus def: "the secretory units of the exocrine pancreas, where fluid containing digestive enzymes is produced; consists of a group of secretory cells surrounding a luminal space that connects to the pancreatic duct." [MP:0009145] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "acinus pancreaticus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16011] synonym: "pancreas acinus" EXACT [] synonym: "pancreatic acinar" RELATED [TEMP:MP] synonym: "pancreatic acini" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: BTO:0000028 xref: FMA:16011 xref: MA:0002417 xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Acinus xref: SCTID:247604006 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 intersection_of: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0007324 {source="FMA"} ! pancreatic lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0001264 name: pancreas def: "An endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating enzymes[GO]. The mature pancreas of higher vertebrates and mammals comprises two major functional units: the exocrine pancreas, which is responsible for the production of digestive enzymes to be secreted into the gut lumen, and the endocrine pancreas, which has its role in the synthesis of several hormones with key regulatory functions in food uptake and metabolism. The exocrine portion constitutes the majority of the mass of the pancreas, and contains only two different cell types, the secretory acinar cells and the ductular cells. The endocrine portion, which comprises only 1–2% of the total mass, contains five different cell types, which are organized into mixed functional assemblies referred to as the islets of Langerhans[PMID]." [GO:0031016, PMID:16417468, Wikipedia:Pancreas] comment: taxon notes: As a secretory organ serving exocrine and endocrine functions, the pancreas is specific to the vertebrates[PMID:16417468] Hagfishes and lampreys are unique in the complete separation of their endocrine pancreas (islet or- gan) and their exocrine pancreas (50). The endocrine and exocrine pancreas are coassociated in crown gnathostomes (50). In Branchiostoma and Ciona, there is no diverticulum as there is in hagfishes, lampreys, and gnathostomes, only dispersed insulin-secreting cells in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract (51, 52) [PMID:20959416] subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: AAO:0010112 xref: BTO:0000988 xref: EFO:0000855 xref: EHDAA2:0001367 xref: EHDAA:6893 xref: EMAPA:17503 xref: EMAPA:18816 xref: EV:0100092 xref: FMA:7198 xref: GAID:334 xref: galen:Pancreas xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Illu_pancrease.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Illu_pancrease.svg/200px-Illu_pancrease.svg.png xref: MA:0000120 xref: MAT:0000075 xref: MESH:A.03.734 xref: MIAA:0000075 xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreas xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVimZZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181277001 xref: TAO:0000140 xref: VHOG:0000050 xref: XAO:0000136 xref: ZFA:0000140 is_a: UBERON:0002075 ! viscus disjoint_from: UBERON:0010264 ! hepatopancreas relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003922 ! pancreatic bud relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003923 {source="Wikipedia"} ! dorsal pancreatic bud relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003924 {source="Wikipedia"} ! ventral pancreatic bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system property_value: external_definition "Organ which secretes a fluid containing enzymes that aid in the digestion of food.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010112", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "In the hagfish and lampreys (our most primitive vertebrate species of today), the first sign of 'a new organ' is found as collections of endocrine cells around the area of the bile duct connection with the duodenum. These endocrine organs are composed of 99% beta cells and 1% somatostatin-producing delta cells. Compared to the more primitive protochordates (e.g. amphioxus), this represents a stage where all previously scattered insulin-producing cells of the intestinal tissue have now quantitatively migrated to found a new organ involved in sensing blood glucose rather than gut glucose. Only later in evolution, the beta cells are joined by exocrine tissue and alpha cells (exemplified by the rat-, rabbit- and elephant-fishes). Finally, from sharks and onwards in evolution, we have the islet PP-cell entering to complete the pancreas.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000050", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.crvi.2007.03.006 Madsen OD, Pancreas phylogeny and ontogeny in relation to a 'pancreatic stem cell'. C.R. Biologies (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001265 name: trabecula of spleen comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "spleen trabeculum" EXACT [] synonym: "splenic trabecula" EXACT [] xref: FMA:16027 xref: MA:0000758 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Trabecula xref: SCTID:61987002 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:1000024 {source="FMA"} ! parenchyma of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0001266 name: splenic cord def: "A structure found in the red pulp of the spleen between the sinusoids, consisting of fibrils and connective tissue cells with a large population of monocytes and macrophages. These cords contain half of the human body's monocytes as a reserve so that after tissue injury these monocytes can move in and aid locally sourced monocytes in wound healing. Erythrocytes pass through the cords of Billroth before entering the sinusoids. The passage into the sinusoids may be seen as a bottleneck, where erythrocytes need to be flexible in order to pass through. In disorders of erythrocyte shape and/or flexibility, such as hereditary spherocytosis, erythrocytes fail to pass through and get phagocytosed, causing extravascular hemolysis." [Wikipedia:Cords_of_Billroth] synonym: "cord of Billroth" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cords_of_Billroth] synonym: "cord of Bilroth" EXACT [FMA:16031] xref: FMA:16031 xref: MA:0002671 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Cord is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001250 {source="MA"} ! red pulp of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0001267 name: femoral nerve def: "The femoral nerve, the largest branch of the lumbar plexus, arises from the ventral divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves. It descends through the fibers of the Psoas major, emerging from the muscle at the lower part of its lateral border, and passes down between it and the Iliacus, behind the iliac fascia; it then runs beneath the inguinal ligament, into the thigh, and splits into an anterior and a posterior division. Under the inguinal ligament, it is separated from the femoral artery by a portion of the Psoas major. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Femoral_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior crural nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus femoralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femoral_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0000507 xref: EHDAA:5655 xref: FMA:16486 xref: GAID:850 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Gray823.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Gray823.png/200px-Gray823.png xref: MA:0001167 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.450.250 xref: ncithesaurus:Femoral_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwGC03JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181051004 xref: VHOG:0001411 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003431 ! leg nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0001268 name: peritoneal fluid def: "Transudate contained in the peritoneal cavity.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Peritoneal_fluid] subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001031 xref: FMA:16515 xref: MA:0002531 xref: ncithesaurus:Peritoneal_Fluid is_a: UBERON:0007794 {source="FMA"} ! serous fluid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001179 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0001269 name: acetabular part of hip bone def: "The acetabulum is a concave surface of the pelvis. The head of the femur meets with the pelvis at the acetabulum, forming the hip joint. There are three bones of the os coxae (hip bone) that come together to form the acetabulum. Contributing a little more than two-fifths of the structure is the ischium, which provides lower and side boundaries to the acetabulum. The ilium forms the upper boundary, providing a little less than two-fifths of the structure of the acetabulum. The rest is formed by the pubis, near the midline. It is bounded by a prominent uneven rim, which is thick and strong above, and serves for the attachment of the acetabular labrum, which reduces its opening, and deepens the surface for formation of the hip joint. At the lower part of the acetabulum is the acetabular notch, which is continuous with a circular depression, the acetabular fossa, at the bottom of the cavity of the acetabulum. The rest of the acetabulum is formed by a curved, crescent-moon shaped surface, the lunate surface, where the joint is made with the head of the femur. Its counterpart in the pectoral girdle is the glenoid fossa.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Acetabulum] comment: In reptiles and in birds, the acetabula are deep sockets.[WP] Note that whilst WP defines this as a surface, MA treats it as a bone. There are other FMA classes that may be better suited to representing the surface. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "acetabular region" EXACT [VHOG:0000974] synonym: "acetabulum" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000770 xref: EHDAA:10661 xref: FMA:16579 xref: GAID:206 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg/200px-Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg xref: MA:0001335 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.611.108 xref: ncithesaurus:Acetabulum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJlP9ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001427 xref: SCTID:182027007 xref: VHOG:0000974 is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="FMA"} ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 {source="FMA"} ! hip joint property_value: external_definition "Cavity for the articulation of the proximal bone of the hind limb.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000770", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "During the transformation from the osteolepiform fins to tetrapod limbs, the appendages and girdles underwent a number of radical changes. The pelvic girdle became a weight-bearing structure by evolution of an ischium, a full mesio-ventral contact between the two sides of the girdle, an ilium, and a contact between the vertebral column and the girdle through a sacral rib. Fore- and hindlimbs shifted laterally by reorientation of the glenoid and the acetabulum.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000974", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nature04119 Boisvert CA, The pelvic fin and girdle of Panderichthys and the origin of tetrapod locomotion. Nature (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001270 name: bony pelvis def: "In humans, the ring of bone formed by the sacrum and the first few coccygeal vertebrae as the roof, the pubis and ischia as the floor and the ilia and the acetabular part of the ischia as the walls." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bony+pelvis] comment: in FMA, this is part of the axial skeletal system. todo: add taxon-specific part of relations connecting sub-structures to this. xref: FMA:16580 xref: SCTID:46633002 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0001271 name: pelvic girdle region def: "Subdivision of lower limb or fin which links the limb/fin to the body[FMA,modified]. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left pelvic girdle regions." [FMA:16581, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dvdy.22617/full, https://groups.google.com/d/topic/obo-anatomy/h4R4xKmINrw/discussion] comment: Note that this class describes the subdivision of the limb/fin, NOT the skeleton within. See also: skeleton of pectoral girdle (UBERON:0007831). See also comments on obo-anatomy mail list subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "girdle - pelvic" RELATED [] synonym: "pelvic girdle" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] xref: FMA:16581 xref: ncithesaurus:Pelvic_Girdle xref: SCTID:360010001 xref: VSAO:0000304 is_a: UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 intersection_of: UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex disjoint_from: UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex property_value: external_definition "Subdivision of lower limb or fin which links the limb/fin to the body[FMA,modified]. There is only one instance of the pelvic girdle region per organism.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000304", ontology="VSAO", source="UBERON:cjm"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001272 name: innominate bone def: "A fused bone consisting of the ilium, ischium and and pubis. Together with the sacrum and coccyx, it comprises the pelvis. [WP,modified]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Hip_bone] comment: AO notes: in FMA this is a paired structure. Taxon notes: The hip/pelvic bone/basipterygium first appears in fishes, where it consists of a simple, usually triangular bone, to which the pelvic fin articulates. The hip bones on each side usually connect with each other at the forward end, and are even solidly fused in lungfishes and sharks, but they never attach to the vertebral column[WP] Editor notes: currently this class is restricted to exclude the teleost bone as the definition mentions ilium, ischium and pubis. In future we may add a grouping class for girdle bones that supports the appendage subset: uberon_slim synonym: "basipterygium" RELATED [] synonym: "bone of pelvic girdle" BROAD [FMA:16585] synonym: "coxal bone" EXACT [FMA:16585] synonym: "hip bone" EXACT [FMA:16585] synonym: "innominate bone" EXACT [FMA:16585] synonym: "os coxae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16585, FMA:TA] synonym: "os innominatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hip_bone] synonym: "pelvic bone" EXACT [FMA:16585] xref: FMA:16585 xref: GAID:205 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray341.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray341.png/200px-Gray341.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.611 xref: ncithesaurus:Pelvic_Bone xref: SCTID:361776002 is_a: UBERON:0007830 ! pelvic girdle bone/zone is_a: UBERON:0010428 {source="FMA"} ! flat bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 {source="FMA"} ! hip relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0001273 name: ilium def: "The ilium is the uppermost and largest bone of the pelvis, and appears in most vertebrates including mammals and birds, but not bony fish." [Wikipedia:Ilium_(bone)] comment: Note that this is_a hip bone in MA. Taxon notes: All reptiles have an ilium except snakes, although some snake species have a tiny bone which is considered to be an ilium[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "os iliacum" EXACT [] synonym: "os ilii" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000772 xref: EFO:0003049 xref: FMA:16589 xref: GAID:207 xref: galen:Ilium xref: MA:0001336 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.611.434 xref: ncithesaurus:Ilium xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvhwFJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182029005 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0007830 {source="MA"} ! pelvic girdle bone/zone is_a: UBERON:0008202 {source="MA"} ! bone of hip region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010714 {source="cjm"} ! iliac cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001272 {source="FMA"} ! innominate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of pelvic girdle property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:8570 {source="Wikipedia"} property_value: external_definition "Paired, rodlike endochondral bones that constitute the anterior pelvic girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000772", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001274 name: ischium def: "Endochondral bone that is paired, forming the posterior part of the pelvis, articulating with the pubis and ilium." [VSAO:0005006, VSAO:NI, Wikipedia:Ischium] comment: Note that this is_a hip bone in MA; in FMA it is a zone of bone organ. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "os ischii" RELATED [AAO:0000860] synonym: "os ischii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ischium] xref: AAO:0000860 xref: FMA:16592 xref: GAID:208 xref: galen:Ischium xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg/200px-Illu_pelvic_girdle.jpg xref: MA:0001337 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.611.548 xref: ncithesaurus:Ischium xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlzMKpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182025004 xref: VSAO:0005006 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="VSAO"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0007830 {source="MA"} ! pelvic girdle bone/zone is_a: UBERON:0008202 {source="MA"} ! bone of hip region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006254 {source="cjm"} ! ischial cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001272 ! innominate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of pelvic girdle property_value: external_definition "Paired bones of endochondral origin that constitute the posterior elements of the pelvic girdle. They are synostotically fused to each other and form the posterior part of the acetabulum.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000860", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001275 name: pubis def: "A paired endochondral bone making up the anteroventral region of the tripartite pelvic girdle forming part of the ventral edge of the acetabulum. The origin site of many proximal hindlimb muscles[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Pubis_(bone)] comment: AO notes: isa bone zone in FMA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "os pubis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubis_%28bone%29] synonym: "pubic bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubis_%28bone%29] synonym: "pubis bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubis_%28bone%29] xref: AAO:0000861 xref: EMAPA:18728 xref: FMA:16595 xref: galen:Pubis xref: MA:0001338 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.611.781 xref: ncithesaurus:Pubic_Bone xref: SCTID:182035005 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="VSAO"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0007830 {source="MA"} ! pelvic girdle bone/zone is_a: UBERON:0008202 {source="MA"} ! bone of hip region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010718 ! pubic cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001272 {source="FMA"} ! innominate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of pelvic girdle property_value: external_definition "Paired, cartilaginous (ocassionally calcified) elements that form the ventral portion of the pelvic girdle. Each is located ventral to the acetabulum between the anteroventral margin of the ischium and the posteroventral margin of the illium. When the element calcifies or ossifies, its articulation with adjacent elements is difficult to distinguish. Both pubes are synchondrotically fused to one another.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000861", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001276 name: epithelium of stomach def: "the epithelial layer of the stomach ." [MP:0000471] comment: in FMA this is classified as simple columnar, MA divides this into squamous and glandular synonym: "epithelial tissue of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0000500] synonym: "stomach epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000500 xref: EHDAA2:0001918 xref: FMA:17091 xref: MA:0001610 xref: SCTID:64977002 xref: VHOG:0001433 is_a: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004808 ! gastrointestinal system epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0001277 name: intestinal epithelium def: "Simple columnar epithelium that lines the intestine, sometimes pseudostratified, with absorptive brush-border cells and mucous goblet cells clearly visible. Crosnier et al. 2005" [Wikipedia:Intestinal_epithelium, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bowel epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "villous epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005124] xref: BTO:0000781 xref: FMA:17229 xref: MA:0001536 xref: ncithesaurus:Intestinal_Epithelium xref: SCTID:266135004 xref: TAO:0005124 xref: ZFA:0005124 is_a: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004808 ! gastrointestinal system epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa property_value: external_definition "Simple columnar epithelium that lines the intestine, sometimes pseudostratified, with absorptive brush-border cells and mucous goblet cells clearly visible. Crosnier et al. 2005[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005124", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001278 name: epithelium of large intestine def: "An epithelium that is part of a large intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "epithelial tissue of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestinal epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestine epithelium" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:19257 xref: EMAPA:19262 xref: FMA:17301 xref: MA:0001545 is_a: UBERON:0001277 ! intestinal epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001279 name: portal triad def: "a component of the hepatic lobule, that consists of: hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein, bile duct, lymphatic vessels, and the branch of the vagus nerve." [Wikipedia:Portal_triad] comment: The misnomer "portal triad" traditionally has included only the first three structures, and was named before lymphatic vessels were discovered in the structure. It can refer both to the largest branch of each of these vessels running inside the hepatoduodenal ligament, and to the smaller branches of these vessels inside the liver. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "trias hepatica" EXACT [] synonym: "trias hepatica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Portal_triad] xref: FMA:17523 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Portal_triad.JPG xref: MA:0002499 xref: ncithesaurus:Portal_Triad xref: SCTID:362192000 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001172 ! hepatic acinus [Term] id: UBERON:0001280 name: liver parenchyma alt_id: UBERON:0003223 def: "the functional units of the liver including the lobules." [MP:0008986] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hepatic parenchyma" EXACT [FMA:17540] synonym: "hepatic parenchyme" RELATED [VHOG:0000539] synonym: "liver parenchyme" EXACT [XAO:0000454] synonym: "parenchyma of liver" EXACT [FMA:17540] xref: AAO:0010405 xref: EHDAA2:0001004 xref: EHDAA:2201 xref: EMAPA:17203 xref: FMA:17540 xref: MA:0000366 xref: SCTID:363535004 xref: VHOG:0000539 xref: XAO:0000454 is_a: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005171 {source="EHDAA2"} ! hepatic duct relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008835 {source="XAO"} ! hepatic diverticulum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver property_value: homology_notes "the (liver) tubular structure (dual layered parenchyma) appears to be conserved among all embryonic vertebrates (...) it is not unlikely that all vertebrate livers share the same fundamental functional unit.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000539", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/ar.20524 Hardman RC, Volz DC, Kullman SW, Hinton DE, An in vivo look at vertebrate liver architecture: three-dimensional reconstruction from Medaka (Oryzias latipes). The Anatomical Record (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001281 name: hepatic sinusoid alt_id: UBERON:0003275 def: "Wide thin-walled blood vessels in the liver. In mammals they have neither veinous or arterial markers." [Wikipedia:Hepatic_sinusoid, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "hepatic sinusoids" RELATED [] synonym: "liver sinusoid" EXACT [] synonym: "liver sinusoidal blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sinusoid of liver" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sinusoidal blood vessel of liver" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas capillare sinusoideum" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000999 xref: EMAPA:17365 xref: FMA:17543 xref: MA:0000367 xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Sinusoid xref: SCTID:67435004 xref: TAO:0005091 xref: VHOG:0000708 xref: ZFA:0005091 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003497 ! abdomen blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0003909 ! sinusoid is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 intersection_of: UBERON:0003909 ! sinusoid intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001113 ! lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule property_value: homology_notes " (...) the amphibian liver has characteristics in common with both fish and terrestrial vertebrates. (...) The histological structure of the liver is similar to that in other vertebrates, with hepatocytes arranged in clusters and cords separated by a meshwork of sinusoids and the presence of the traditional triad of portal venule, hepatic arteriole, and bile duct.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000708", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1053/ax.2000.7133 Crawshaw GJ, Weinkle TK, Clinical and pathological aspects of the amphibian liver. Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001282 name: intralobular bile duct def: "The Canals of Hering, or intrahepatic bile ductules, are part of the outflow system of exocrine bile product from the liver." [Wikipedia:Canals_of_Hering] comment: Editor notes: Note that this is part of the intrahepatic bile duct in MA, as this class is more alike the tree in FMA. Note also that SCT has canal of Hering and Entire IBduct as the only sibling terms under 'Structure of intralobular bile duct' (i.e. the CoH is the only part of the entire IBduct) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "canal of Hering" RELATED [] synonym: "canal of Herring" EXACT [FMA:17545] synonym: "canals of Hering" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Canals_of_Hering] synonym: "cholangiole" EXACT [FMA:17545] synonym: "cholangiole" EXACT [] synonym: "duct of Herring" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canals_of_Hering] synonym: "intrahepatic bile ductule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canals_of_Hering] xref: FMA:17545 xref: MA:0002669 xref: ncithesaurus:Canal_of_Hering xref: SCTID:227002 xref: SCTID:269922006 is_a: UBERON:0003704 {source="FMA"} ! intrahepatic bile duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001172 {source="FMA"} ! hepatic acinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 {source="FMA"} ! liver lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0001283 name: bile canaliculus def: "Fine tubular canals running between liver cells, throughout the parenchyma, usually occurring singly between each adjacent pair of cells, and forming a three-dimensional network of polyhedral meshes, with a single cell in each mesh[BTO]. A thin tube that collects bile secreted by hepatocytes. The bile canaliculi merge and form bile ductules, which eventually become common hepatic duct. Hepatocytes are polyhedral in shape, therefore having no set shape or design. They have surfaces facing the sinusoids, (called sinusoidal faces) and surfaces which contact other hepatocytes, (called lateral faces). Bile canaliculi are formed by grooves on some of the lateral faces of these hepatocytes. Microvilli are present in the canaliculi but are sparse. [WP,unvetted]." [BTO:0002841, Wikipedia:Bile_canaliculus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bile canaliculi" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Bile_canaliculus] synonym: "bile capillary" RELATED [BTO:0002841] synonym: "biliary canaliculus" RELATED [BTO:0002841] xref: BTO:0002841 xref: FMA:17547 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Gray1094.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Gray1094.png/200px-Gray1094.png xref: MA:0002495 xref: MESH:A.03.159.183.158.125 xref: ncithesaurus:Bile_Canaliculus xref: SCTID:270023005 xref: TAO:0005163 xref: ZFA:0005163 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001172 {source="FMA"} ! hepatic acinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002394 {source="BTO"} ! bile duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 {source="FMA"} ! liver lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0005452 {source="FMA"} ! hepatic plate [Term] id: UBERON:0001284 name: renal column def: "The renal column (or Bertin column, or column of Bertin) is a medullary extension of the renal cortex in between the renal pyramids. It allows the cortex to be better anchored. Each column consists of lines of blood vessels and urinary tubes and a fibrous material. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Renal_column] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "columnae renales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_column] synonym: "kidney column" EXACT [MA:0001651] synonym: "renal column of bertini" EXACT [] xref: FMA:17633 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Illu_kidney2.jpg/200px-Illu_kidney2.jpg xref: MA:0001651 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002189 ! outer cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0001285 name: nephron def: "The basic functional unit of the kidney. its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. Its functions are vital to life and are regulated by the endocrine system by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone.[WP]" [PMID:9268568, Wikipedia:Nephron] comment: Editor note: kidney terms require review for cross-vertebrate compatibility and developmental relationships. Taxon notes: In the avian kidney, three types of nephron are identified: mammalian-type nephrons with long and short loops of Henle, and reptilian type nephrons (Gambaryan, 1992)[GO Kidney] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mature nephron" NARROW [EMAPA:28491] synonym: "nephroneum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nephron] synonym: "tubulus renalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nephron] xref: BTO:0000924 xref: EMAPA:28491 xref: EV:0100384 xref: FMA:17640 xref: GAID:428 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png xref: MA:0000375 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.736 xref: ncithesaurus:Nephron xref: SCTID:361337001 xref: TAO:0002153 xref: ZFA:0005282 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004208 {evidence="definitional"} ! nephrogenic mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0007684 {source="FMA"} ! uriniferous tubule property_value: external_definition "Functional unit of the kidney that filters waste.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002153", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001286 name: Bowman's space def: "a narrow chalice-shaped cavity between the glomerular and capsular epithelium of the glomerular capsule of the kidney[TFD]. Between the visceral and parietal layers, into which the filtrate enters after passing through the podocytes' filtration slits[WP]. luminal region between the glomerular capsule visceral and parietal layers, into which filtrate enters after passing through the filtration barrier from the glomerular capillaries[MP]" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bowman's+space, MP:0011499, Wikipedia:Bowman's_space] comment: TODO - fix ZFA subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bowman's space" EXACT [] synonym: "bowmanb%s space" RELATED [TAO:0005312] synonym: "capsular space" EXACT [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bowman's+space] synonym: "glomerular capsule space" EXACT [MP:0011499] synonym: "glomerular urinary space" EXACT [MP:0011499] synonym: "inter-glomerular space" EXACT [ZFA:0005283] synonym: "inter-glomerular space" EXACT [ZFA:0005312] synonym: "pronephric capsular space" EXACT [ZFA:0005312] synonym: "renal capsular space" EXACT [ZFA:0005283] synonym: "urinary space" EXACT [] synonym: "urinary space of renal corpuscle" EXACT [EMAPA:28263] xref: EMAPA:27985 xref: EMAPA:28263 xref: FMA:17676 xref: MA:0001664 xref: ncithesaurus:Urinary_Space xref: SCTID:244284006 xref: TAO:0005283 xref: TAO:0005312 xref: ZFA:0005283 xref: ZFA:0005312 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001230 ! glomerular capsule property_value: external_definition "Space between the renal glomerulus and the glomerular capsule. Renal filtrate collects here then passes into the renal tubule.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005312", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Space between the renal glomerulus and the glomerular capsule. Renal filtrate collects here then passes into the renal tubule.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005283", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001287 name: proximal convoluted tubule def: "The proximal tubule is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle[WP]" [Wikipedia:Proximal_convoluted_tubule] comment: TODO - cleanly define difference between proximal tubule and proximal convoluted tubule. Make definition applicable across species. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "1st convoluted tubule" RELATED [] synonym: "first convoluted tubule" RELATED [] synonym: "PCT" RELATED [] synonym: "proximal convoluted renal tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "tubulus contortus proximalis" EXACT [] synonym: "tubulus contortus proximalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Proximal_convoluted_tubule] synonym: "tubulus convolutus proximalis" RELATED LATIN [] xref: EMAPA:28287 xref: EV:0100388 xref: FMA:17693 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png xref: MA:0001669 xref: ncithesaurus:Proximal_Convoluted_Tube xref: SCTID:362220008 xref: TAO:0005290 xref: ZFA:0005290 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule is_a: UBERON:0006534 ! renal convoluted tubule relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 {source="Wikipedia"} ! metanephric mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 {notes="checkme"} ! cortex of kidney property_value: external_definition "Renal tubule that connects to the renal corpuscle.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005290", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001288 name: loop of Henle def: "Portion of the nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. The loop has a hairpin bend in the renal medulla. The main function of this structure is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney. By means of a countercurrent multiplier system, which utilizes sodium pumps, it creates an area of high sodium concentration deep in the medulla, near the collecting duct. Water present in the filtrate in the collecting duct flows through aquaporin channels out of the collecting duct, moving passively down its concentration gradient. This process reabsorbs water and creates a concentrated urine for excretion[WP]." [Wikipedia:Loop_of_Henle] comment: Note that the definitions of some kidney parts refer to Henle's loop, even in species where this may not be present. Requires review. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Henle loop" EXACT [] synonym: "henle's loop" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004608 xref: EMAPA:29665 xref: EMAPA:29679 xref: EV:0100390 xref: FMA:17698 xref: GAID:437 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png xref: MA:0001675 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.736.560.610 xref: ncithesaurus:Loop_of_Henle xref: SCTID:361335009 xref: VHOG:0001270 is_a: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001287 relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001292 intersection_of: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule property_value: external_definition "A highly specialized segment of the mammalian kidney tubules, that dips into the medulla. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, p.648, see_Liem_KF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001270", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001289 name: descending limb of loop of Henle def: "Portion of the renal tubule constituting the first part of the loop of Henle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_henle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "descending limb" BROAD [] synonym: "descending limb of Henle's loop" EXACT [] synonym: "loop of Henle descending limb" EXACT [] xref: FMA:17705 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png xref: MA:0001679 xref: ncithesaurus:Descending_Limb_of_the_Henle_s_Loop xref: SCTID:245350001 is_a: UBERON:0007685 {source="FMA"} ! region of nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001288 {source="FMA"} ! loop of Henle [Term] id: UBERON:0001290 name: proximal straight tubule alt_id: UBERON:0005166 def: "part of the descending limb of the renal tubule, extending from the proximal convoluted tubule to the thin tubule[BTO]." [BTO:0000055, Wikipedia:Proximal_straight_tubule] comment: TODO - is S3 exactly coincident with PST? Check also relationship to DL. todo - ensure relationships work across species (loop of Henle) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pars recta" RELATED [] synonym: "pars recta tubuli renalis" RELATED [BTO:0000055] synonym: "proximal tubule segment 3" RELATED [MA:0002614] synonym: "S3" EXACT [GO:0072020] synonym: "thick descending limb of proximal tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "tubulus rectus proximalis" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000055 xref: EMAPA:29661 xref: FMA:17716 xref: MA:0002614 xref: TAO:0005291 xref: ZFA:0005291 is_a: UBERON:0006853 ! renal cortex tubule is_a: UBERON:0008404 ! proximale tubular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001289 {source="MA"} ! descending limb of loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004134 {source="MA-isa"} ! proximal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0006542 {source="MA"} ! outer medulla outer stripe loop of henle property_value: external_definition "Portion of the renal tubule which is just posterior to the proximal convoluted tubule.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005291", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001291 name: thick ascending limb of loop of Henle def: "a segment of the nephron in the kidney. It can be divided into two parts: that in the renal medulla, and that in the renal cortex[Wikipedia:Thick_ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle]." [Wikipedia:Thick_ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] comment: TODO: thick/thin check. Also - does the loop of Henle overlap the distal convoluted tubule? FMA divides DCT into straight and convoluted portions subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ascending thick limb" EXACT [] synonym: "distal straight tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment" EXACT [MA:0001677] synonym: "straight portion of distal convoluted renal tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "straight portion of distal convoluted tubule" EXACT [FMA:17722] synonym: "thick ascending limb" EXACT [] synonym: "thick ascending limb of distal tubule" EXACT [FMA:17722] synonym: "thick ascending limb of Henle's loop" EXACT [] synonym: "tubulus rectus distalis" EXACT [FMA:17722] synonym: "tubulus rectus distalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thick_ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] xref: EMAPA:28396 xref: EMAPA:29671 xref: FMA:17722 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png xref: MA:0001677 xref: SCTID:244953001 is_a: UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule is_a: UBERON:0008408 ! distal tubular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005164 ! ascending limb of loop of Henle [Term] id: UBERON:0001292 name: distal convoluted tubule def: "a portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system." [Wikipedia:Distal_convoluted_tubule] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "distal convoluted renal tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "second convoluted tubule" RELATED [] synonym: "tubulus contortus distalis" EXACT [] synonym: "tubulus contortus distalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Distal_convoluted_tubule] synonym: "tubulus convolutus distalis" RELATED LATIN [] xref: EMAPA:28393 xref: EV:0100389 xref: FMA:17721 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Kidney_nephron.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Kidney_nephron.png/200px-Kidney_nephron.png xref: MA:0001666 xref: ncithesaurus:Distal_Convoluted_Tubule xref: SCTID:361336005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule is_a: UBERON:0006534 ! renal convoluted tubule is_a: UBERON:0006853 ! renal cortex tubule relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0001293 name: outer medulla of kidney def: "The renal outer medulla is the region of the kidney that lies between the renal cortex and the renal inner medulla[GO]." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] synonym: "kidney outer medulla" RELATED [BTO:0001746] synonym: "outer renal medulla" EXACT [] synonym: "outer zone of medulla of kidney" EXACT [] synonym: "outer zone of renal medulla" EXACT [] synonym: "renal outer medulla" EXACT [BTO:0001746] synonym: "set of outer region of renal pyramids" RELATED [FMA:17733] synonym: "zona externa (medullaris renalis)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:17733, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0001746 xref: EMAPA:28310 xref: FMA:17733 xref: MA:0001653 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0001294 name: inner medulla of kidney def: "Innermost region of the mammalian kidney." [GO:0072053] comment: Taxon notes: unique to mammals[GO:0072053] synonym: "inner renal medulla" EXACT [] synonym: "inner zone of medulla of kidney" EXACT [] synonym: "inner zone of renal medulla" EXACT [] synonym: "kidney inner medulla" RELATED [BTO:0001745] synonym: "renal inner medulla" EXACT [BTO:0001745] synonym: "set of inner region of renal pyramids" EXACT [] synonym: "zona interna (medullaris renalis)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:17734, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0001745 xref: EMAPA:28349 xref: FMA:17734 xref: MA:0001652 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0001295 name: endometrium def: "inner membrane of the mammalian uterus." [Wikipedia:Endometrium] comment: AO notes: in FMA this is subdivided into basal and outer. In MA there is a single child term, endometrium epithelium subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tunica mucosa (endometrium)" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica mucosa uteri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Endometrium] xref: BTO:0001422 xref: EFO:0000980 xref: EMAPA:29917 xref: EV:0100115 xref: FMA:17742 xref: GAID:377 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cervix.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Illu_cervix.jpg/200px-Illu_cervix.jpg xref: MA:0000390 xref: MAT:0000319 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.679.490 xref: MIAA:0000319 xref: ncithesaurus:Endometrium xref: SCTID:278867007 xref: VHOG:0001285 is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus property_value: external_definition "The mucous membrane lining the uterus. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001285", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Endometrium"} property_value: homology_notes "The maternal part of the placenta (of eutherian mammals) is the vascularized and glandular uterine lining, or endometrium.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001285", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.144", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001296 name: myometrium def: "middle layer of the uterine wall consisting of smooth muscle cells and supporting stromal and vascular tissue." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myometrium, Wikipedia:Myometrium] comment: The inner layer of the uterine wall is the endometrium or uterine lining, and the outer layer the serosa or perimetrium. The myometrium stretches (the smooth muscle cells expand in both size and number[1]) during pregnancy to allow for the harboring of the pregnancy, and contracts in a coordinated fashion during the process of labor. After delivery the myometrium contracts to expel the placenta and reduce blood loss. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tunica muscularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Myometrium] synonym: "tunica muscularis (myometrium)" EXACT [] synonym: "uterine smooth muscle" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000907 xref: EFO:0001970 xref: EMAPA:29923 xref: EV:0100116 xref: FMA:17743 xref: GAID:171 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cervix.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Illu_cervix.jpg/200px-Illu_cervix.jpg xref: MA:0000391 xref: MESH:A.02.633.570.500 xref: MeSH:D009215 xref: ncithesaurus:Myometrium xref: SCTID:279879004 xref: VHOG:0001281 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001297 ! serosa of uterus relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001295 ! endometrium property_value: external_definition "The muscular wall of the uterus. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001281", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/myometrium"} property_value: homology_notes "In all mammals, the uterus develops as a specialization of the paramesonephric or Müllerian ducts, which gives rise to the infundibula, oviducts, uterus, cervix, and anterior vagina. Morphogenetic events common to development of all uteri include: 1) differentiation and growth of the myometrium, 2) differentiation and morphogenesis of the endometrial glands, and 3) organization and stratification of endometrial stroma. Uterine development is initiated in the fetus, but is only completed postnatally with differentiation and development of the endometrial glands.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001281", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:15471813 Spencer TE, Bazer FW, Uterine and placental factors regulating conceptus growth in domestic animals. Journal of Animal Science (2004)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001297 name: serosa of uterus def: "Outer serosa layer of the uterus." [Wikipedia:Perimetrium] comment: TODO - check for parallel structure with peritoneum synonym: "perimetrium" EXACT [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perimetrium] synonym: "serous coat of uterus" EXACT [] synonym: "serous membrane of uterus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica serosa (perimetrium)" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica serosa uteri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:17744, FMA:TA] synonym: "tunica serosa uteri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Perimetrium] synonym: "uterine serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "uterus serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "uterus serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral peritoneum of uterus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:17744 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cervix.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Illu_cervix.jpg/200px-Illu_cervix.jpg xref: MA:0001729 xref: ncithesaurus:Perimetrium xref: SCTID:253705006 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0001298 name: psoas major muscle def: "The psoas major is a long fusiform muscle placed on the side of the lumbar region of the vertebral column and brim of the lesser pelvis. It joins the iliacus muscle to form the iliopsoas. In less than 50 per cent of subjects the psoas major is accompanied by the psoas minor. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Psoas_major_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "m. psoas major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Psoas_major_muscle] synonym: "psoas major" EXACT [MA:0002358] xref: BTO:0001877 xref: EMAPA:18169 xref: FMA:18060 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: MA:0002358 xref: ncithesaurus:Psoas_Major xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwU5ZfZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244952006 is_a: UBERON:0008450 {source="MA"} ! psoas muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002504 {notes="in the lesser trochanter of the femur", source="dbpedia"} ! lesser trochanter relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0009624 {source="dbpedia", notes="Lumbar plexus via anterior branches of L1-L3 nerves"} ! lumbar nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 {notes="Transverse processes of T12-L5 and the lateral aspects of the discs between them", source="dbpedia"} ! transverse process of vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001299 name: glans penis def: "The glans penis (or simply glans) is the sensitive bulbous structure at the distal end of the penis. It is also commonly referred to as the 'head' of the penis. Slang terms include 'helmet', 'nob' (or 'knob'), and 'bell end', and all refer to its distinctive shape. The glans penis is anatomically homologous to the clitoral glans of the female. When the penis is flaccid it is wholly or partially covered by the foreskin, except in men who have been fully circumcised. The foreskin serves to protect this delicate mucous membrane covered structure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Glans_penis] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "balanus" RELATED [BTO:0003118] xref: BTO:0003118 xref: EMAPA:18988 xref: EMAPA:29288 xref: EV:0100108 xref: FMA:18247 xref: GAID:0000012 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Anteriorglanspenis.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Male_anatomy.png/200px-Male_anatomy.png xref: MA:0002726 xref: ncithesaurus:Glans_Penis xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdCpE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:263378009 xref: VHOG:0001475 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis [Term] id: UBERON:0001300 name: scrotum def: "In some male mammals the scrotum (also referred to as the cod) is a protuberance of skin and muscle containing the testicles. It is an extension of the abdomen, and is located between the penis and anus. In humans and some other mammals, the base of the scrotum becomes covered with pubic hair at puberty. In common speech, the scrotum is often improperly referred to as the testicles, which actually refer to organs encased inside the scrotum. The scrotum is homologous to the labia majora in females. It becomes tight when sexually aroused. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scrotum] subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0003098 xref: EMAPA:19296 xref: FMA:18252 xref: GAID:393 xref: galen:Scrotum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Scrotum_warm_and_cold.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3e/HairedHumanScrotum.png/200px-HairedHumanScrotum.png xref: MA:0000409 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.661 xref: ncithesaurus:Scrotum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwUC_upwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:265794003 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011756 {source="Wikipedia"} ! male genital swelling relationship: part_of UBERON:0004053 ! external male genitalia [Term] id: UBERON:0001301 name: epididymis def: "A narrow, tightly-coiled tube connecting the efferent ducts from the rear of each testicle to its vas deferens." [Wikipedia:Epididymis] comment: Taxon notes: A similar, but probably non-homologous, structure is found in cartilaginous fishes[WP]. Kardong has epididymis in elasmobranch.Structures notes: Typically divided into three main regions. In reptiles, there is an additional canal between the testis and the head of the epididymis, which receives the various efferent ducts. This is, however, absent in all birds and mammals. The epididymis is covered by a two layered pseudostratified epithelium. The epithelium is separated by a basement membrane from the connective tissue wall which has smooth muscle cells. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epididymus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000408 xref: EFO:0000982 xref: EMAPA:19290 xref: EV:0100103 xref: FMA:18255 xref: GAID:397 xref: galen:Epididymis xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Illu_testis_surface.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_testis_surface.jpg/200px-Illu_testis_surface.jpg xref: MA:0000397 xref: MAT:0000130 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.849.286 xref: MIAA:0000130 xref: ncithesaurus:Epididymis xref: SCTID:181432000 xref: VHOG:0001265 is_a: UBERON:0005904 ! duct of male reproductive system relationship: channels_from UBERON:0006946 ! efferent duct relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mesonephric duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0006947 {source="FMA"} ! male genital duct [Term] id: UBERON:0001302 name: right uterine tube def: "A fallopian tube that is part of a right side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "right fallopian tube" EXACT [] synonym: "right oviduct" EXACT [] xref: FMA:18483 xref: MA:0001717 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Fallopian_Tube xref: SCTID:280106006 is_a: UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0001303 name: left uterine tube def: "A fallopian tube that is part of a left side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "left fallopian tube" EXACT [] synonym: "left oviduct" EXACT [] xref: FMA:18484 xref: MA:0001716 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Fallopian_Tube xref: SCTID:280107002 is_a: UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0001304 name: germinal epithelium of ovary def: "layer of simple cuboidal cells covering surface of ovary[WP]." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Germinal_epithelium_%28female%29, PMID:16923182, Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(female)] comment: Controversial - see article. Requires expert input. Also check BTO placement synonym: "epithelium superficiale (ovarium)" EXACT [] synonym: "female coelomic epithelium" RELATED [EMAPA:17384] synonym: "germinal epithelium (female)" EXACT [Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(female)] synonym: "ovarian surface epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0004483] synonym: "ovary germinal epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "surface epithelium of ovary" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004483 xref: EHDAA:8126 xref: EMAPA:27564 xref: FMA:18629 xref: MA:0001711 xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Surface_Epithelium xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001361 xref: SCTID:258308007 xref: VHOG:0000630 is_a: UBERON:0000484 ! simple cuboidal epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001307 intersection_of: UBERON:0000484 ! simple cuboidal epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001307 ! capsule of ovary relationship: part_of UBERON:0001307 ! capsule of ovary [Term] id: UBERON:0001305 name: ovarian follicle def: "Ovarian follicles are the basic units of female reproductive biology, each of which is composed of roughly spherical aggregations of cells found in the ovary. They contain a single oocyte (aka ovum or egg). These structures are periodically initiated to grow and develop, culminating in ovulation of usually a single competent oocyte in humans. These eggs/ova are only developed once every menstrual cycle (e.g. once a month in humans)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ovarian_follicle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "egg follicle" RELATED [] synonym: "follicle of ovary" EXACT [] synonym: "follicle of ovary viewed macroscopically" EXACT [FMA:18640] synonym: "folliculi ovarici primarii, folliculi ovarici vesiculosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ovarian_follicle] synonym: "ovary follicle" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000475 xref: FMA:18640 xref: GAID:371 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Human_ovarian_follicle.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Primary_follicle-4.JPG/200px-Primary_follicle-4.JPG xref: MA:0001707 xref: MAT:0000449 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.114.630.535 xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Follicle xref: SCTID:361111009 xref: TAO:0001110 xref: VHOG:0001536 xref: ZFA:0001110 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005296 ! ovary sex cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad property_value: external_definition "Oocyte development of zebrafish has been divided into five stages based on morphological criteria and on physiological and biochemical events. Stage I follicles (less than 140 microns) are primary growth stage, stage II follicles (140-340 microns) are cortical alveolus stage, stage III (340-690 microns) are vitellogenesis, stage IV (690-730 microns) are oocyte maturation, and stage V follicles are matured egg. Selman et al, 1993.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001110", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Examination of different vertebrate species shows that the adult gonad is remarkably similar in its morphology across different phylogenetic classes. Surprisingly, however, the cellular and molecular programs employed to create similar organs are not evolutionarily conserved.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001536", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.042308.13350 DeFalco T, Capel B, Gonad morphogenesis in vertebrates: divergent means to a convergent end. Annual review of cell and developmental biology (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001306 name: cumulus oophorus def: "At one part of the mature follicle, the cells of the membrana granulosa are collected into a mass which projects into the cavity of the follicle. This cluster of cells is termed the cumulus oophorus (Latin cumulus=heap, Greek oo=egg + phorus=carrying) discus proligerus, and it is released with the embedded oocyte during ovulation. In order for fertilization to occur this layer must be penetrated by the spermatocyte. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cumulus_oophorus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cumulus ovaricus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:18659 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Gray1164.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gray1164.png/200px-Gray1164.png xref: MA:0002414 xref: SCTID:258586009 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005170 ! ovary stratum granulosum [Term] id: UBERON:0001307 name: capsule of ovary comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "ovarian capsule" EXACT [] synonym: "ovary capsule" EXACT [] xref: FMA:18662 xref: MA:0001706 xref: ncithesaurus:Ovarian_Capsule xref: SCTID:258491008 is_a: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000992 intersection_of: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0001308 name: external iliac artery def: "The external iliac artery is a large artery in the pelvic region that carries blood to the lower limb. The external iliac artery is a paired artery, meaning there is one on each side of the body: a right external iliac artery and left external iliac artery. The external iliac artery is accompanied by the external iliac vein, which is located posterior to the artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:External_iliac_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria iliaca externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_iliac_artery] xref: BTO:0004666 xref: EHDAA2:0000463 xref: EHDAA:4337 xref: EMAPA:17614 xref: FMA:18805 xref: galen:ExternalIliacArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray539.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gray539.png/200px-Gray539.png xref: MA:0001973 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Iliac_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvkh47pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181352000 is_a: UBERON:0005609 {source="MA"} ! iliac artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001191 ! common iliac artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001309 name: internal iliac artery def: "The internal iliac artery (formerly known as the hypogastric artery) is the main artery of the pelvis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_iliac_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria iliaca interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_iliac_artery] synonym: "hypogastric artery" RELATED [BTO:0004667] xref: BTO:0004667 xref: EMAPA:17860 xref: FMA:18808 xref: galen:InternalIliacArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Iliac_artery_bifurcation.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Iliac_artery_bifurcation.PNG/200px-Iliac_artery_bifurcation.PNG xref: MA:0001974 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Iliac_Artery xref: SCTID:181346001 is_a: UBERON:0005609 {source="MA"} ! iliac artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001191 ! common iliac artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001310 name: umbilical artery def: "The umbilical artery is a paired artery (with one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. In the fetus, it extends into the umbilical cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Umbilical_artery] comment: Editor notes: todo - compare with EHDAA2. Check embryonic vs extraembryonic, developmental relationships subset: uberon_slim synonym: "a. umbilicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Umbilical_artery] xref: BTO:0000841 xref: EHDAA:1026 xref: EHDAA:410 xref: EMAPA:16331 xref: EMAPA:16372 xref: FMA:18820 xref: GAID:516 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Gray502.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Gray502.png/200px-Gray502.png xref: MA:0002072 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.929 xref: ncithesaurus:Umbilical_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rCWdhMGWbEd2AAABQjYGu0g xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002106 xref: SCTID:261404000 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0010260 ! umbilical blood vessel relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002331 {source="cjm"} ! umbilical cord [Term] id: UBERON:0001311 name: inferior vesical artery def: "The INF vesical artery is an artery in the pelvis that supplies the lower part of the bladder. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_vesical_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria vesicali inferior" EXACT [] synonym: "arteria vesicalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_vesical_artery] xref: FMA:18823 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Inferiorvesical.png xref: MA:0002079 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Vesical_Artery xref: SCTID:43210002 is_a: UBERON:0003468 ! ureteric segment of renal artery is_a: UBERON:0009027 ! vesical artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: supplies UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle relationship: supplies UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens relationship: supplies UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland relationship: supplies UBERON:0006082 ! fundus of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0001312 name: superior vesical artery def: "The superior vesical artery supplies numerous branches to the upper part of the bladder. From one of these a slender vessel, the artery to the ductus deferens, takes origin and accompanies the duct in its course to the testis, where it anastomoses with the internal spermatic artery. Other branches supply the ureter. The first part of the superior vesical artery represents the terminal section of the previous portion of the umbilical artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_vesical_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria vesicalis superior" EXACT [] synonym: "arteriae vesicales superiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_vesical_artery] xref: FMA:18839 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Internal_iliac_branches.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Internal_iliac_branches.PNG/200px-Internal_iliac_branches.PNG xref: MA:0002080 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Vesical_Artery xref: SCTID:113268007 is_a: UBERON:0009027 ! vesical artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001313 name: iliolumbar artery def: "The iliolumbar artery is a branch of the posterior trunk of the internal iliac artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iliolumbar_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria iliolumbalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliolumbar_artery] synonym: "ilio-lumbar artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:18845 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png xref: MA:0001976 xref: ncithesaurus:Iliolumbar_Artery xref: SCTID:113267002 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001314 name: obturator artery def: "The obturator artery passes antero-inferiorly (forwards and downwards) on the lateral wall of the pelvis, to the upper part of the obturator foramen, and, escaping from the pelvic cavity through the obturator canal, it divides into both an anterior and a posterior branch. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Obturator_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria obturatoria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_artery] xref: FMA:18865 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Gray547.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Gray547.png/200px-Gray547.png xref: MA:0002008 xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Artery xref: SCTID:244302006 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001315 name: superior gluteal artery def: "The superior gluteal artery (gluteal artery) is the largest branch of the internal iliac artery, and appears to be the continuation of the posterior division of that vessel. It is a short artery which runs backward between the lumbosacral trunk and the first sacral nerve, and, passing out of the pelvis above the upper border of the Piriformis, immediately divides into a superficial and a deep branch. Within the pelvis it gives off a few branches to the Iliacus, Piriformis, and Obturator internus, and just previous to quitting that cavity, a nutrient artery which enters the ilium. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_gluteal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria glutea superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_gluteal_artery] synonym: "arteria glutealis superior" EXACT [] xref: FMA:18868 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Gray1244.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gray1244.png/200px-Gray1244.png xref: MA:0002054 xref: ncithesaurus:Gluteal_Artery xref: SCTID:181354004 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001015 ! musculature [Term] id: UBERON:0001316 name: external iliac vein def: "The external iliac veins are large veins that connect the femoral veins to the common iliac veins. Their origin is at the inferior margin of the inguinal ligaments and they terminate when they join the internal iliac veins (to form the common iliac veins). Both external iliac veins are accompanied along their course by external iliac arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:External_iliac_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena iliaca externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_iliac_vein] xref: EHDAA2:0000464 xref: FMA:18883 xref: galen:ExternalIliacVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Iliac_veins.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Iliac_veins.gif/200px-Iliac_veins.gif xref: MA:0002144 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Iliac_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQUYtZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181400000 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001317 name: internal iliac vein def: "The internal iliac vein (hypogastric vein) begins near the upper part of the greater sciatic foramen, passes upward behind and slightly medial to the hypogastric artery and, at the brim of the pelvis, joins with the external iliac to form the common iliac vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_iliac_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "v. iliaca interna, v. hypogastrica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_iliac_vein] xref: EHDAA2:0000874 xref: FMA:18884 xref: galen:InternalIliacVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Internaliliacv.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Internaliliacv.png/200px-Internaliliacv.png xref: MA:0002145 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Iliac_Vein xref: SCTID:181399007 xref: VHOG:0000749 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001318 name: inferior vesical vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:18890 xref: MA:0002264 is_a: UBERON:0002460 ! vesical vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 {source="FMA/obol"} ! internal iliac vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001319 name: vaginal vein def: "The vaginal plexuses are placed at the sides of the vagina; they communicate with the uterine, vesical, and hemorrhoidal plexuses, and are drained by the vaginal veins, one on either side, into the hypogastric veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_venous_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vagina vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:18899 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Gray589.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Gray589.png/200px-Gray589.png xref: MA:0002251 xref: SCTID:424336009 is_a: UBERON:0001344 ! epithelium of vagina is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 {source="FMA/obol"} ! internal iliac vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001320 name: iliolumbar vein def: "The iliolumbar vein is the vena comitans of the iliolumbar artery. The obturator nerve crosses superficial to it. A single vein is found more commonly than a double vein. It drains vertebral segments four and five. It is closely related to the ascending lumbar vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iliolumbar_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ilio-lumbar vein" EXACT [] synonym: "vena iliolumbalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliolumbar_vein] xref: FMA:18902 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png xref: MA:0002146 xref: ncithesaurus:Iliolumbar_Vein xref: SCTID:286793006 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 {source="FMA/obol"} ! internal iliac vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001321 name: obturator vein def: "The obturator vein begins in the upper portion of the adductor region of the thigh and enters the pelvis through the upper part of the obturator foramen, in the obturator canal. It runs backward and upward on the lateral wall of the pelvis below the obturator artery, and then passes between the ureter and the hypogastric artery, to end in the hypogastric vein. It has an anterior and posterior branch (similar to obturator artery). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Obturator_veins] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:18914 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png xref: MA:0002183 xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Vein xref: SCTID:20146009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 {source="FMA/obol"} ! internal iliac vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001322 name: sciatic nerve def: "The sciatic nerve (also known as the ischiatic nerve) is a large nerve in humans and other animals. It begins in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. It is the longest and widest single nerve in the human body. The sciatic supplies nearly the whole of the skin of the leg, the muscles of the back of the thigh, and those of the leg and foot. In humans, it is derived from spinal nerves L4 through S3. It contains fibres from both the anterior and posterior divisions of the lumbosacral plexus. [WP,edited]." [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve] comment: Taxon notes: mouse sciatic nerve origins predominantly from the third lumbar (L3) and L4 spinal nerves, unlike the L4 and L5 in rats - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700063/ subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ischiadic nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve] synonym: "ischiatic nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve] synonym: "nervus ischiadicus" RELATED [BTO:0001221] synonym: "nervus ischiadicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sciatic_nerve] synonym: "nervus sciaticus" RELATED [BTO:0001221] xref: BTO:0001221 xref: EFO:0001417 xref: EHDAA2:0001779 xref: EHDAA:5659 xref: EMAPA:18577 xref: FMA:19034 xref: GAID:852 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Gray1244.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gray1244.png/200px-Gray1244.png xref: MA:0001172 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.450.760 xref: ncithesaurus:Sciatic_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1133 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7MlDJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181050003 xref: VHOG:0000894 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000978 ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0001815 ! lumbosacral nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001323 name: tibial nerve def: "The tibial nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve passes through the popliteal fossa to pass below the arch of soleus. In the popliteal fossa the nerve gives off branches to gastrocnemius, popliteus, soleus and plantaris muscles, an articular branch to the knee joint, and a cutaneous branch that will become the sural nerve. The sural nerve is joined by fibres from the common peroneal nerve and runs down the calf to supply the lateral side of the foot. Below the soleus muscle the nerve lies close to the tibia and supplies the tibialis posterior, the flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus. The nerve passes into the foot running posterior to the medial malleolus. Here it is bound down by the flexor retinaculum in company with the posterior tibial artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tibial_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "medial popliteal nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "n. tibialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tibial_nerve] xref: FMA:19035 xref: GAID:854 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Gray828.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gray828.png/200px-Gray828.png xref: MA:0001173 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.450.760.820 xref: ncithesaurus:Tibial_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNya8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181078002 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003431 ! leg nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0001324 name: common fibular nerve def: "a nerve arising at the terminal division of the sciatic nerve at the popliteal fossa and extending to the neck of the fibula, ultimately innervating the Peroneus muscle[MP]. The common peroneal nerve (common fibular nerve; external popliteal nerve; peroneal nerve), about one-half the size of the tibial nerve, is derived from the dorsal branches of the fourth and fifth lumbar and the first and second sacral nerves. It descends obliquely along the lateral side of the popliteal fossa to the head of the fibula, close to the medial margin of the biceps femoris muscle. It lies between the tendon of the biceps femoris and lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle, winds around the neck of the fibula, between the peronæus longus and the bone, and divides beneath the muscle into the superficial peroneal nerve (superficial fibular nerve) and deep peroneal nerve (deep fibular nerve). [WP,unvetted]." [MP:0011211, Wikipedia:Common_fibular_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "common peroneal nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "extrernal peroneal nerve" EXACT [MP:0011211] synonym: "lateral popliteal nerve" EXACT [MP:0011211] synonym: "n. fibularis communis, n. peroneus communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_fibular_nerve] synonym: "nervus peroneus communis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19039, FMA:TA] synonym: "peroneal nerve" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0003062 xref: FMA:19039 xref: GAID:853 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Gray832.png xref: MA:0001169 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.450.760.640 xref: ncithesaurus:Peroneal_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvwKexZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181077007 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003431 ! leg nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0001325 name: muscle of pelvis def: "Muscle (organ) which is a part of the pelvis. Examples: levator ani," [FMA:19086] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "muscle organ of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic muscle" EXACT [FMA:19086] synonym: "pelvis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvis muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:19086 xref: MA:0000534 is_a: UBERON:0003833 {source="MA"} ! abdominal segment muscle is_a: UBERON:0005179 ! pelvis organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0001326 name: levator ani muscle def: "The Levator ani is a broad, thin muscle, situated on the side of the pelvis. It is attached to the inner surface of the side of the lesser pelvis, and unites with its fellow of the opposite side to form the greater part of the floor of the pelvic cavity. It supports the viscera in pelvic cavity, and surrounds the various structures which pass through it. In combination with the Coccygeus muscle, it forms the pelvic diaphragm. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Levator_ani] comment: Taxon notes: the levator ani muscle acts to lower the tail, in animals that have one subset: uberon_slim synonym: "levator ani" EXACT [MA:0002332] synonym: "musculus levator ani" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_ani] xref: EMAPA:19165 xref: FMA:19087 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray404.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray404.png/200px-Gray404.png xref: MA:0002332 xref: ncithesaurus:Levator_Ani xref: SCTID:181753008 is_a: UBERON:0001325 ! muscle of pelvis relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002355 {notes="inner surface of the side of the lesser pelvis", source="dbpedia"} ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0001327 name: coccygeus muscle def: "The Coccygeus is a muscle of the pelvic wall (i.e. peripheral to the pelvic floor), situated behind the levator ani and in front of the sacrospinous ligament. It is a triangular plane of muscular and tendinous fibers, arising by its apex from the spine of the ischium and sacrospinous ligament, and inserted by its base into the margin of the coccyx and into the side of the lowest piece of the sacrum. It assists the Levator ani and Piriformis in closing in the back part of the outlet of the pelvis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Coccygeus_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coccygeus" EXACT [MA:0002277] synonym: "ischiococcygeus" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus coccygeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coccygeus_muscle] synonym: "musculus ischiococcygeus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19088, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:19088 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray404.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray404.png/200px-Gray404.png xref: MA:0002277 is_a: UBERON:0001325 ! muscle of pelvis relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001350 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="dbpedia", notes="Lateral margin of coccyx and related border of sacrum"} ! coccyx relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003690 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="dbpedia", notes="Lateral margin of coccyx and related border of sacrum"} ! sacrum relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0009625 {source="dbpedia", notes="sacral nerves: S4 S5 or S3-S4"} ! sacral nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0009000 {source="dbpedia", notes="Sacrospinous ligament and ischial spine"} ! ischial spine [Term] id: UBERON:0001328 name: lobe of prostate comment: Anatomically, the human prostate gland is located between the base of the bladder and the rectum, and it completely surrounds the proximal urethra (Fig. 1A). It is a single alobular structure with central (CZ), peripheral (PZ) and transitional (TZ) zones. In contrast, the mouse prostate is not merged into one compact anatomical structure. It comprises four paired lobes situated circumferentially around the urethra, immediately caudal to the urinary bladder—namely, anterior (AP), dorsal (DP), lateral (LP), and ventral (VP) prostate (Fig. 1B). Often, the dorsal and the lateral lobes are thought of in combination and referred to as the dorsolateral (DLP) lobe as they share a ductal system. The mouse AP is considered analogous to the human CZ, which is rarely a site of neoplastic transformation in humans. The mouse DLP is considered most similar to the human PZ, which is the zone in which most carcinomas arise (Xue et al. 1997). These analogies, however, are limited as they are based solely on descriptive data and need to be re-evaluated using molecular techniques before the relationship between specific mouse prostate lobes and the human prostate zones is definitively asserted (Abate-Shen & Shen 2000). The mouse VP does not have a human homologue, and the human TZ does not have a murine homologue [PMID:15163300] synonym: "lobe of prostate gland" EXACT [] synonym: "prostate gland lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "prostatic lobe" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000548 xref: FMA:19570 xref: MA:0001738 xref: ncithesaurus:Prostate_Gland_Lobe xref: SCTID:279692004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001329 name: prostate gland anterior lobe def: "the prostate lobe that appears as a thin tubular structure, attached to the lesser curvature of the paired seminal vesicles." [MP:0001163] comment: comment: todo - check - see comments from PMID:15163300 synonym: "anterior lobe of prostate" EXACT [FMA:19574] synonym: "anterior lobe of prostate gland" EXACT [] synonym: "commissura prostatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19574, FMA:TA] synonym: "commissure of prostate" EXACT [] synonym: "isthmus of prostate" EXACT [] synonym: "isthmus of prostate gland" EXACT [] synonym: "isthmus prostatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19574, FMA:TA] synonym: "prostate gland anterior lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "prostatic isthmus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003158 xref: FMA:19574 xref: MA:0002422 xref: SCTID:279693009 is_a: UBERON:0001328 ! lobe of prostate [Term] id: UBERON:0001330 name: pampiniform plexus def: "The pampiniform plexus is a network of many small veins found in the human male spermatic cord. It is formed by the union of multiple spermatic veins from the back of the testis and tributaries from the epididymis. The veins of the plexus ascend along the cord in front of the ductus deferens. Below the subcutaneous inguinal ring they unite to form three or four veins, which pass along the inguinal canal, and, entering the abdomen through the abdominal inguinal ring, coalesce to form two veins. These again unite to form a single vein, the testicular vein, which opens on the right side into the inferior vena cava, at an acute angle, and on the left side into the left renal vein, at a right angle. The pampinoform plexus forms the chief mass of the cord. In addition to its function in venous return from the testes, the pampiniform plexus also plays a role in the temperature regulation of the testes. It acts as a heat exchanger, cooling blood in adjacent arteries. An abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform plexus is a medical condition called varicocele. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pampiniform_venous_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pampiniform venous plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus of veins of fascia of prostate" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus venosus pampiniformis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19607, FMA:TA] synonym: "venous plexus of fascia of prostate" EXACT [] synonym: "venous plexus of fascia of prostate gland" EXACT [] xref: FMA:19607 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Gray1147.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gray1147.png/200px-Gray1147.png xref: MA:0001866 xref: SCTID:279661001 is_a: UBERON:0001593 ! venous plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001331 name: skin of penis def: "A zone of skin that is part of a penis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "penile skin" EXACT [] synonym: "penis skin" EXACT [] synonym: "penis zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:19638 xref: MA:0002727 xref: SCTID:35900000 is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001085 ! skin of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis [Term] id: UBERON:0001332 name: prepuce of penis def: "In male human anatomy, the foreskin is a retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the glans penis and protects the urinary meatus when the penis is not erect. It is also described as the prepuce, a technically broader term that also includes the clitoral hood in women, to which the foreskin is embryonically homologous. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Foreskin] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "foreskin" RELATED [FMA:19639] synonym: "penile prepuce" EXACT [FMA:19639] synonym: "prepuce" BROAD [MA:0000407, Wikipedia:Foreskin] synonym: "prepuce of male" EXACT [EMAPA:18989] synonym: "prepucium, præputium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foreskin] synonym: "preputium" BROAD [HP:0100587] xref: BTO:0001113 xref: EFO:0001664 xref: EMAPA:18989 xref: EV:0100109 xref: FMA:19639 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Foreskin_CloseupV2.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cc/Foreskin2.jpg/200px-Foreskin2.jpg xref: MA:0000407 xref: ncithesaurus:Male_Prepuce xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181426005 is_a: UBERON:0011374 ! prepuce relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004876 {source="Wikipedia"} ! urogenital ridge relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis [Term] id: UBERON:0001333 name: male urethra def: "In anatomy, the urethra (from Greek οὐρήθρα - ourethra) is a tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. The urethra has an excretory function in both sexes to pass urine to the outside, and also a reproductive function in the male, as a passage for semen. The external urethral sphincter is a striated muscle that allows voluntary control over urination. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Male_urethra] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0004089 xref: EMAPA:18692 xref: FMA:19668 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png xref: MA:0002640 xref: ncithesaurus:Male_Urethra xref: SCTID:264085007 is_a: UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 intersection_of: UBERON:0000057 ! urethra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism [Term] id: UBERON:0001334 name: female urethra def: "In anatomy, the urethra (from Greek οὐρήθρα - ourethra) is a tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. The urethra has an excretory function in both sexes to pass urine to the outside, and also a reproductive function in the male, as a passage for semen. The external urethral sphincter is a striated muscle that allows voluntary control over urination. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Female_urethra] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0004088 xref: EMAPA:28747 xref: FMA:19669 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Female_anatomy.png/200px-Female_anatomy.png xref: MA:0002637 xref: ncithesaurus:Female_Urethra xref: SCTID:264469008 is_a: UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 intersection_of: UBERON:0000057 ! urethra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism [Term] id: UBERON:0001335 name: prostatic urethra def: "The prostatic urethra, the widest and most dilatable part of the urethra canal, is about 3 cm. long. It runs almost vertically through the prostate from its base to its apex, lying nearer its anterior than its posterior surface; the form of the canal is spindle-shaped, being wider in the middle than at either extremity, and narrowest below, where it joins the membranous portion. A transverse section of the canal as it lies in the prostate is horse-shoe-shaped, with the convexity directed forward. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Prostatic_urethra] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars prostatica urethrae" RELATED [BTO:0003163] synonym: "pars prostatica urethrae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Prostatic_urethra] synonym: "prostatic part of urethra" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003163 xref: EMAPA:30942 xref: FMA:19673 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray1142.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray1142.png/200px-Gray1142.png xref: MA:0002646 xref: ncithesaurus:Prostatic_Portion_of_the_Male_Urethra xref: SCTID:279434009 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0001336 name: membranous urethra def: "The intermediate part of male urethra (membranous portion) is the shortest, least dilatable, and, with the exception of the external orifice, the narrowest part of the canal. It extends downward and forward, with a slight anterior concavity, between the apex of the prostate and the bulb of the urethra, perforating the urogenital diaphragm about 2.5 cm. below and behind the pubic symphysis. The hinder part of the urethral bulb lies in apposition with the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, but its upper portion diverges somewhat from this fascia: the anterior wall of the membranous urethra is thus prolonged for a short distance in front of the urogenital diaphragm; it measures about 2 cm. in length, while the posterior wall which is between the two fasciæ of the diaphragm is only 1.25 cm. long. The membranous portion of the urethra is completely surrounded by the fibers of the Sphincter urethrae membranaceae. In front of it the deep dorsal vein of the penis enters the pelvis between the transverse ligament of the pelvis and the arcuate pubic ligament; on either side near its termination are the bulbourethral glands. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Membranous_urethra] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intermediate part of urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "membranous part of urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "pars intermedia urethrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19674, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars intermedia urethrae masculinae, pars membranacea urethrae masculinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Membranous_urethra] synonym: "pars membranacea (urethrae)" EXACT [] xref: FMA:19674 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray1142.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray1142.png/200px-Gray1142.png xref: MA:0002647 xref: ncithesaurus:Membranous_Urethra xref: SCTID:263343009 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0001337 name: spongiose part of urethra def: "The spongy urethra (cavernous portion of urethra, penile urethra) is the longest part of the male urethra, and is contained in the corpus spongiosum urethraeæ. It is about 15 cm long, and extends from the termination of the membranous portion to the external urethral orifice. Commencing below the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm it passes forward and upward to the front of the symphysis pubis; and then, in the flaccid condition of the penis, it bends downward and forward. It is narrow, and of uniform size in the body of the penis, measuring about 6 mm in diameter; it is dilated behind, within the bulb, and again anteriorly within the glans penis, where it forms the fossa navicularis urethrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Penile_urethra] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars spongiosa" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19675, FMA:TA] synonym: "penile urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "spongiose urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "spongy urethra (male)" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004089 xref: EMAPA:30944 xref: FMA:19675 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray1142.png/200px-Gray1142.png xref: MA:0002643 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0001338 name: urethral gland subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gland of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethra gland" EXACT [] synonym: "urethra gland (male or female)" EXACT [] xref: FMA:19683 xref: MA:0001688 xref: SCTID:279477005 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0001339 name: ischiocavernosus muscle def: "The ischiocavernosus muscle is a muscle just below the surface of the perineum, present in both men and women. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "erector penis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle] synonym: "ischiocavernosi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle] synonym: "ischiocavernosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle] synonym: "ischiocavernous muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle] synonym: "ishiocavernosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle] synonym: "ishiocavernosus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle] synonym: "musculus ishiocavernosus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Ischiocavernosus_muscle] xref: FMA:19730 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ischiocavernosus-female.png/200px-Ischiocavernosus-female.png xref: MA:0002330 xref: ncithesaurus:Ischiocavernosus xref: SCTID:244975004 is_a: UBERON:0002379 ! perineal muscle relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001274 ! ischium [Term] id: UBERON:0001340 name: dorsal artery of penis def: "The Dorsal Artery of the Penis ascends between the crus penis and the pubic symphysis, and, piercing the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, passes between the two layers of the suspensory ligament of the penis, and runs forward on the dorsum of the penis to the glans, where it divides into two branches, which supply the glans and prepuce. On the penis, it lies between the dorsal nerve and deep dorsal vein, the former being on its lateral side. It supplies the integument and fibrous sheath of the corpus cavernosum penis, sending branches through the sheath to anastomose with the deep artery of the penis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_artery_of_penis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria dorsalis penis" EXACT [BTO:0005088] synonym: "dorsal artery of the penis" RELATED [BTO:0005088] synonym: "dorsal penile artery" EXACT [FMA:19795] synonym: "dorsal penis artery" EXACT [MA:0001946] xref: BTO:0005088 xref: FMA:19795 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gray1155.png/200px-Gray1155.png xref: MA:0001946 xref: SCTID:244294001 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0004803 ! penis epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0007315 {source="FMA"} ! internal pudendal artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 {source="FMA"} ! penis relationship: part_of UBERON:0008320 {source="BTO"} ! common penile artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001341 name: lesser sac def: "The lesser sac, also known as the omental bursa, is the cavity in the abdomen that is formed by the lesser and greater omentum. Usually found in mammals, it is connected with the greater sac via the epiploic foramen (also known as the Foramen of Winslow). In mammals, it is not uncommon for the lesser sac to contain considerable amounts of fat. In human anatomy, the wall of the stomach, pancreas and splenic artery are a part of the wall of the lesser sac. If these structures rupture they may leak into the lesser sac. For the stomach, which lies anterior to the omental bursa, the rupture must be on the posterior side; if it were anteriorly located, the leak would collect in the greater sac. The lesser sac is embryologically formed from an infolding of the greater omentum. The open end of the infolding, known as the epiploic foramen, is usually proximal to the stomach. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lesser_sac] comment: AO notes: classified as a cavity in EHDAA2, organ segment in FMA. We hedge and use a union subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bursa omentalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19800, FMA:TA] synonym: "omental bursa" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001296 xref: EHDAA2:0004554 xref: EHDAA:2335 xref: EMAPA:16889 xref: EMAPA:18458 xref: FMA:19800 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Peritoneum.svg/200px-Peritoneum.svg.png xref: MA:0000445 xref: ncithesaurus:Omental_Bursa xref: VHOG:0000458 is_a: UBERON:0004458 ! body cavity or lining relationship: part_of UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity property_value: external_definition "The lesser sac of the peritoneum. Part of the peritoneal cavity behind the liver, lesser omentum and stomach. It lies across the transverse mesocolon and extends into the greater omentum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000458", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001342 name: mesovarium def: "The mesentery that suspends the ovary from the dorsal wall of the coelom[VHOG]. The mesovarium is the portion of the broad ligament of the uterus that covers the ovaries. At first the mesonephros and genital ridge are suspended by a common mesentery, but as the embryo grows the genital ridge gradually becomes pinched off from the mesonephros, with which it is at first continuous, though it still remains connected to the remnant of this body by a fold of peritoneum. In the male this is the mesorchium, and in the female, this is the mesovarium. [WP,unvetted]." [VHOG:0001566, Wikipedia:Mesovarium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mesovarian ligament" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010531 xref: EMAPA:17961 xref: FMA:19815 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Gray1111.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Gray1111.png/200px-Gray1111.png xref: ncithesaurus:Mesovarian_Ligament xref: SCTID:279914000 xref: TAO:0000333 xref: VHOG:0001566 xref: ZFA:0000333 is_a: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure consisting of a membrane which suspends the ovaries from the mesial side of the kidney.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010531", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The mesentery that suspends the ovary from the dorsal wall of the coelom. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.560, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001566", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001343 name: seminiferous tubule of testis def: "Seminiferous tubules are located in the testicles, and are the specific location of meiosis, and the subsequent creation of gametes, namely spermatozoa. The epithelium of the tubule consists of sustentacular or Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule. In between the Sertoli cells are spermatogenic cells, which differentiate through meiosis to sperm cells. There are two types: convoluted and straight. convuluted towards the lateral side and straight as the tubule comes medially to form ducts which will exit the testis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Seminiferous_tubule] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "seminiferous cord" EXACT [EMAPA:18685] synonym: "seminiferous tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "testis - seminiferous tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "tubuli seminiferi" EXACT [] synonym: "tubuli seminiferi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Seminiferous_tubule] xref: AAO:0010399 xref: BTO:0001235 xref: EFO:0001404 xref: EMAPA:18685 xref: EMAPA:31476 xref: EV:0100380 xref: FMA:19825 xref: GAID:400 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/Seminiferous_tubule_and_sperm_low_mag.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Gray1145.png/200px-Gray1145.png xref: MA:0000412 xref: MAT:0000503 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.849.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Seminiferous_Cord xref: ncithesaurus:Seminiferous_Tubule xref: SCTID:279614002 xref: VHOG:0001363 xref: XAO:0003088 is_a: UBERON:0005904 ! duct of male reproductive system relationship: channels_into UBERON:0003959 ! rete testis relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005297 {source="Wikipedia"} ! testis sex cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis property_value: external_definition "Any of the coiled tubules located in the testes in which spermatozoa are produced.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010399", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "One of two or three twisted curved tubules in each lobule of the testis in which spermatogenesis occurs. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001363", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/SEMINIFEROUS+TUBULE"} property_value: homology_notes "Frogs among amphibians and the amniotes have males with testes that are composed of seminiferous tubules, which differ from ampullae in being long, highly convoluted ductules.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001363", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.688 and Figure 21-28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001344 name: epithelium of vagina def: "the epithelial layer of the vagina." [MP:0001140] comment: FMA: nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium; BTO: Vaginal epithelium is stratified squamous epithelium having a thickness of 15-200 microns; MA has single subclass (squamous) synonym: "epithelial tissue of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium, vaginal" RELATED [BTO:0000422] synonym: "vagina epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vagina epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "vaginal epithelium" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000422 xref: EMAPA:30991 xref: FMA:19978 xref: MA:0001730 xref: ncithesaurus:Vaginal_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000486 ! multilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0001345 name: obsolete fornix def: "This class was obsoleted." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_fornix_of_brain] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0000051 consider: UBERON:0000052 [Term] id: UBERON:0001346 name: vaginal hymen def: "The hymen, or the vaginal corona, is a fold of mucous membrane that surrounds or partially covers the external vaginal opening. It forms part of the vulva, or external genitalia[WP]." [Wikipedia:Hymen] synonym: "hymen" BROAD [MESH:A.05.360.319.779.479] synonym: "hymen of vagina" EXACT [FMA:20005] synonym: "hymen vaginae" EXACT [] synonym: "hymen vaginae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hymen] synonym: "vaginal corona" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hymen] xref: FMA:20005 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray1229.png xref: MA:0002465 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.779.479 xref: ncithesaurus:Hymen xref: SCTID:245473005 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 {source="FMA"} ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0001347 name: white adipose tissue def: "Adipose tissue, cells of which contain a single large lipid droplet.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:White_adipose_tissue] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adipocytus unigutturalis" EXACT [] synonym: "textus adiposus albus" EXACT [] synonym: "textus adiposus albus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:White_adipose_tissue] synonym: "unilocular adipose tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "white fat" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001456 xref: EFO:0000813 xref: FMA:20117 xref: MA:0000058 xref: MAT:0000199 xref: MIAA:0000199 xref: ncithesaurus:White_Adipose_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0001348 name: brown adipose tissue def: "Adipose tissue, cells of which contain multiple small lipid droplets.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Brown_adipose_tissue] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adipocytus multigutturalis" EXACT [] synonym: "brown fat" EXACT [] synonym: "multilocular adipose tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "textus adiposus fuscus" EXACT [] synonym: "textus adiposus fuscus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brown_adipose_tissue] xref: BTO:0000156 xref: EFO:0000812 xref: EMAPA:19209 xref: FMA:20118 xref: GAID:921 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Brownfat_PETCT.jpg xref: MA:0000057 xref: MAT:0000198 xref: MESH:A.10.165.114.322 xref: MIAA:0000198 xref: ncithesaurus:Brown_Adipose_Tissue xref: SCTID:15965003 is_a: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0001349 name: vestibule def: "Anatomical cavity that connects an organ cavity, organ cavity subdivision or cavity of body part subdivision to the exterior, completely or partially surrounded by organs or organ parts that are lined by epithelium. Examples: preputial cavity, vestibule of vagina.[FMA]" [FMA:20192, FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Vestibule_(disambiguation)#Anatomy] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:20192 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity disjoint_from: UBERON:0005236 ! osseus labyrinth vestibule [Term] id: UBERON:0001350 name: coccyx def: "A collection of caudal vertebrae in the coccygeal region - may be fused[cjm]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Coccyx] comment: In MA the subclass hierarchy is cocc V is_a caud V is_a tail bone. Taxon notes: In humans: The coccyx, commonly referred to as the tailbone, is the final segment of the human vertebral column. Comprising three to five separate or fused vertebrae (the coccygeal vertebrae) below the sacrum, it is attached to the sacrum by a fibrocartilaginous joint, the sacrococcygeal symphysis, which permits limited movement between the sacrum and the coccyx. The term coccyx comes originally from the Greek language and means 'cuckoo', referring to the curved shape of a cuckoo's beak when viewed from the side. [WP,unvetted]. subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coccygeal skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000259] synonym: "coccygeal vertebrae I-IV" EXACT [FMA:20229] synonym: "coccyx [coccygeal vertebrae i-iv]" EXACT [FMA:20229] synonym: "coccyx [vertebrae coccygeae i-iv]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:20229, FMA:TA] synonym: "os coccygis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:20229, FMA:TA] synonym: "os coccygis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coccyx] synonym: "tailbone" RELATED SENSU [FMA:20229] xref: AAO:0000731 xref: EHDAA2:0000259 xref: FMA:20229 xref: GAID:239 xref: galen:Coccyx xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gray100.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Gray100.png/200px-Gray100.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.834.229 xref: ncithesaurus:Coccyx xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv1XqHJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182028002 is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0003690 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! sacrum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0001270 {source="FMA"} ! bony pelvis property_value: external_definition "Small, bony element consisting of several fused, rudimentary caudal vertebrae; near metamorphosis the hypochord fuses to the coccyx, thereby forming the urostyle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000731", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002", source="AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008"} property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0006070 [Term] id: UBERON:0001351 name: lacrimal sac def: "The lacrimal sac is the upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct, and is lodged in a deep groove formed by the lacrimal bone and frontal process of the maxilla. It connects the lacrimal canaliculi, which drain tears from the eye's surface, and the nasolacrimal duct, which conveys this fluid into the nasal cavity. This is mainly for high amounts of tears, in which the lacrimal sac pumps inward and outward driven by the orbicularis muscle during blinking. It is oval in form and measures from 12 to 15 mm. in length; its upper end is closed and rounded; its lower is continued into the nasolacrimal duct. Its superficial surface is covered by a fibrous expansion derived from the medial palpebral ligament, and its deep surface is crossed by the lacrimal part of the Orbicularis oculi, which is attached to the crest on the lacrimal bone. Like the nasolacrimal duct, the sac is lined by stratified columnar epithelium with mucus-secreting goblet cells, with surrounding connective tissue. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_sac] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "saccus lacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_sac] xref: FMA:20289 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray896.png xref: MA:0001298 xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Sac xref: SCTID:362534009 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001850 ! lacrimal duct [Term] id: UBERON:0001352 name: external acoustic meatus def: "A tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The human ear canal extends from the pinna to the eardrum and is about 26 mm in length and 7 mm in diameter." [Wikipedia:External_acoustic_meatus] comment: AO notes: subdivision of head in FMA. Editor note: consider revisiting superclass after refinement of CARO/EAO, conduit may not be quite correct. Development notes: tympanic ring, which serves as support for the tympanic membrane, directs invagination of the first pharingeal cleft ectoderm to form the external acoustic meatus (EAM), which provides the outer layer of the membrane[PMID 11237469] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auditory canal" EXACT [] synonym: "auditory meatus" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000460] synonym: "ear canal" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ear_canal] synonym: "external acoustic tube" EXACT [FMA:61734] synonym: "external auditory canal" EXACT [] synonym: "external auditory meatus" RELATED [] synonym: "external auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:61734] xref: EHDAA2:0000460 xref: EHDAA:8975 xref: EMAPA:17588 xref: EV:0100356 xref: FMA:61734 xref: GAID:864 xref: galen:ExternalAuditoryMeatus xref: MA:0000260 xref: MESH:A.09.246.272.396 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Acoustic_Meatus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvli-nZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181178004 xref: VHOG:0000977 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005872 {source="PMID:11237469"} ! 1st arch pharyngeal cleft relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 {source="FMA"} ! external ear relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0010065 {source="EHDAA2"} ! auditory meatus epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0001353 name: anal region subset: uberon_slim xref: EFO:0000847 xref: EHDAA2:0000122 xref: EHDAA:2931 xref: EMAPA:16831 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gray408.png/200px-Gray408.png xref: MA:0000329 xref: MAT:0000042 xref: MIAA:0000042 xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Region xref: SCTID:362680001 xref: VHOG:0000395 xref: WBbt:0006919 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000931 {evidence="definitional"} ! proctodeum relationship: part_of UBERON:0006866 ! terminal part of digestive tract property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000395", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001354 name: inferior epigastric artery def: "In human anatomy, inferior epigastric artery refers to the artery that arises from the external iliac artery and anastomoses with the superior epigastric artery. Along its course, it is accompanied by a similarly named vein, the inferior epigastric vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_epigastric_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria epigastrica inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_epigastric_artery] xref: EMAPA:18751 xref: FMA:20686 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Gray547.png xref: MA:0001978 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Epigastric_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rdBvQc6gOEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: SCTID:244288009 is_a: UBERON:0003520 ! pelvis blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001308 ! external iliac artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001355 name: deep femoral artery def: "The profunda femoris artery (also known as the deep femoral artery, or the deep artery of the thigh) is a branch of the femoral artery that, as its name suggests, travels more deeply (posteriorly) than the rest of the femoral artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Deep_femoral_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria profunda femoris" EXACT [] synonym: "profunda femoris artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:20741 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray548.png/200px-Gray548.png xref: MA:0002027 xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Femoral_Artery xref: SCTID:181348000 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001356 name: medial circumflex femoral artery def: "The medial circumflex femoral artery (internal circumflex artery, medial femoral circumflex artery) is an artery in the upper thigh that helps supply blood to the neck of the femur. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_circumflex_femoral_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria circumflexa femoris medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_circumflex_femoral_artery] synonym: "medial femoral circumflex artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:20799 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Circumflex_femoral_arteries.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Circumflex_femoral_arteries.png/200px-Circumflex_femoral_arteries.png xref: MA:0001996 xref: SCTID:244326008 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001357 name: inferior rectal artery def: "The inferior rectal artery (inferior hemorrhoidal artery) is an artery that supplies blood to the lower half of the anal canal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_rectal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria rectalis inferior, arteria hæmorrhoidalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_rectal_artery] synonym: "inferior hemorrhoidal artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:20824 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Gray542.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gray542.png/200px-Gray542.png xref: MA:0001979 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Rectal_Artery xref: SCTID:244304007 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001358 name: perineal artery def: "The perineal artery (superficial perineal artery) arises from the internal pudendal artery, and turns upward, crossing either over or under the Transversus perinæi superficialis, and runs forward, parallel to the pubic arch, in the interspace between the Bulbocavernosus and Ischiocavernosus, both of which it supplies, and finally divides into several posterior scrotal branches which are distributed to the skin and dartos tunic of the scrotum. As it crosses the Transversus perinæi superficialis it gives off the transverse perineal artery which runs transversely on the cutaneous surface of the muscle, and anastomoses with the corresponding vessel of the opposite side and with the perineal and inferior hemorrhoidal arteries. It supplies the Transversus perinæi superficialis and the structures between the anus and the urethral bulb. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Perineal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria perinei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Perineal_artery] xref: FMA:20836 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Gray542.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gray542.png/200px-Gray542.png xref: MA:0002017 xref: ncithesaurus:Perineal_Artery xref: SCTID:244303001 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001359 name: cerebrospinal fluid def: "a clear, colorless, bodily fluid, that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Cerebrospinal_fluid] comment: AO notes: the FMA def states that this is subarachnoid spaces only. ZFA def states subarachnoid spaces and brain ventricles, but not SC (and has part_of to brain). Circulation: It circulates from the lateral ventricles to the foramen of Monro (Interventricular foramen), third ventricle, aqueduct of Sylvius (Cerebral aqueduct), fourth ventricle, foramen of Magendie (Median aperture) and foramina of Luschka (Lateral apertures), subarachnoid space over brain and spinal cord. It should be noted that the CSF moves in a pulsatile manner throughout the CSF system with nearly zero net flow. CSF is reabsorbed into venous sinus blood via arachnoid granulations. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebral spinal fluid" EXACT [ZFA:0001626] synonym: "CSF" EXACT [] synonym: "liquor cerebrospinalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cerebrospinal_fluid] synonym: "spinal fluid" RELATED [BTO:0000237] xref: BTO:0000237 xref: EFO:0000329 xref: EHDAA2:0004441 xref: ENVO:02000029 xref: EV:0100311 xref: FMA:20935 xref: GAID:1181 xref: MA:0002503 xref: MAT:0000499 xref: MESH:A.12.207.268 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebrospinal_Fluid xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1798 xref: TAO:0002184 xref: VHOG:0001278 xref: ZFA:0001626 is_a: UBERON:0007779 {source="FMA"} ! transudate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002307 {source="EHDAA2"} ! choroid plexus of lateral ventricle relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0005281 {source="EHDAA2-modified"} ! ventricular system of central nervous system property_value: external_definition "Portion of organism substance that is a clear fluid that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002184", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In vertebrates, at early stages of Central Nervous System (CNS) development, the architecture of the brain primordium reveals the presence of the cavity of brain vesicles, which is filled by Embryonic Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (E-CSF). (...) Rat and chick E-CSF proteomes are similar, although rat is more complex in certain groups of proteins, e.g., apolipoproteins, which may be involved in the control of neural diversity, and has soluble enzymes present, just like adult human CSF, but unlike chick E-CSF, revealing phylogenetic brain differences between these groups of vertebrates.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001278", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1021/pr050213t Parada C, Gato A, Bueno D, Mammalian embryonic cerebrospinal fluid proteome has greater apolipoprotein and enzyme pattern complexity than the avian proteome. Journal of Proteome Research (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001360 name: deep circumflex iliac vein def: "The deep circumflex iliac vein is formed by the union of the venæ comitantes of the deep iliac circumflex artery, and joins the external iliac vein about 2 cm. above the inguinal ligament. It also receives small tributary branches from the thoracoepigastric vein [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Deep_circumflex_iliac_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "deep iliac circumflex vein" EXACT [] synonym: "vena circumflexa iliaca profunda" EXACT [] synonym: "vena circumflexa ilium profunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deep_circumflex_iliac_vein] xref: FMA:21182 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png xref: MA:0002099 xref: SCTID:11653007 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001361 name: femoral vein def: "In the human body, the femoral vein is a blood vessel that accompanies the femoral artery in the femoral sheath. It begins at the adductor canal (also known as Hunter's canal) and is a continuation of the popliteal vein. It ends at the inferior margin of the inguinal ligament, where it becomes the external iliac vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Femoral_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena femoralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femoral_vein] xref: AAO:0010237 xref: EMAPA:17876 xref: FMA:21185 xref: GAID:533 xref: galen:FemoralVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Femoral_triangle.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Femoral_triangle.gif/200px-Femoral_triangle.gif xref: MA:0002118 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.314 xref: ncithesaurus:Femoral_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwFXTLJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362071002 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision property_value: external_definition "Either of the primary veins in the hindlimbs which collect blood from the hindlimb region.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010237", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001362 name: perineal vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:21246 xref: MA:0002193 xref: SCTID:312507009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 {source="FMA/obol"} ! internal iliac vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001363 name: great saphenous vein def: "The great saphenous vein (GSV), also greater saphenous vein, is the large (subcutaneous) superficial vein of the leg and thigh. The terms 'safaina' (Greek) and 'el safin' (Arabic) have both been claimed as the origin for the word 'saphenous'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Great_saphenous_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "greater saphenous vein" EXACT [] synonym: "large saphenous vein" RELATED [BTO:0003271] synonym: "long saphenous vein" EXACT [] synonym: "vena saphena magna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Great_saphenous_vein] xref: BTO:0003271 xref: FMA:21376 xref: galen:GreaterSaphenousVein xref: galen:GreatSaphenousVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Great_saphenous_vein.png xref: MA:0002216 xref: ncithesaurus:Long_Saphenous_Vein xref: SCTID:181402008 is_a: UBERON:0007318 ! saphenous vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001364 name: obsolete circumpennate synonym: "radial" EXACT [] synonym: "radialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:21431, FMA:TA] synonym: "radials" RELATED [] xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjBSZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0001365 name: sacro-iliac joint def: "the joint in the bony pelvis between the sacrum and the ilium of the pelvis, which are joined by strong ligaments. In humans, the sacrum supports the spine and is supported in turn by an ilium on each side." [Wikipedia:Sacroiliac_joint] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio sacro-iliaca" EXACT [] synonym: "sacroiliac joint" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:19300 xref: FMA:21440 xref: GAID:268 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray319.png xref: MA:0001506 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.707 xref: ncithesaurus:Sacroiliac_Joint xref: SCTID:182199004 is_a: UBERON:0011107 {source="FMA"} ! synovial joint of pelvic girdle relationship: connects UBERON:0001273 relationship: connects UBERON:0003690 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001273 ! ilium intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum relationship: connects UBERON:0001273 ! ilium relationship: connects UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0001366 name: parietal peritoneum alt_id: UBERON:0004459 def: "The peritoneum that lines the walls of the peritoneal cavity." [Wikipedia:Parietal_peritoneum, ZFIN:curator] comment: fix coordinated with ZFA subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "peritoneal cavity lining" EXACT [MA:0000449] xref: AAO:0010816 xref: FMA:21451 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray1040.png/200px-Gray1040.png xref: MA:0000449 xref: SCTID:362700006 xref: TAO:0005131 xref: VHOG:0001527 xref: ZFA:0005131 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity property_value: external_definition "Peritoneum attached to the abdominal wall.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010816", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:JMG"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001367 name: external anal sphincter def: "The Sphincter ani externus (external anal sphincter) is a flat plane of muscular fibers, elliptical in shape and intimately adherent to the integument surrounding the margin of the anus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sphincter_ani_externus_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "external sphincter ani" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus sphincter ani externus" EXACT [] synonym: "sphincter ani externus" RELATED [] xref: EMAPA:18265 xref: FMA:21930 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Anorectum.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Anorectum.gif/200px-Anorectum.gif xref: MA:0001531 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Anal_Sphincter xref: SCTID:244969008 is_a: UBERON:0004916 ! anal sphincter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0001368 name: obturator externus def: "An adductor muscle that attaches to the femur and the pelvis. In humans, the obturator externus muscle is a flat, triangular muscle, which covers the outer surface of the anterior wall of the pelvis. It is sometimes considered part of the medial compartment of thigh, and sometimes considered part of the gluteal region. [WP,generalized]." [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle] comment: Definition generalized to accommodate AAO class - "Originates on the ventro-lateral pelvic rim and inserts on the ventral aspect of the femur, medial to the insertion of the pectineus." [AAO:0010043] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "external obturator" EXACT [] synonym: "external obturator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle] synonym: "external obturatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle] synonym: "externus obturator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle] synonym: "M. obturator externus" EXACT [AAO:0010043] synonym: "musculus obturatorius externus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle] synonym: "obturator externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle] synonym: "obturatorius externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle] synonym: "obturatus externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_externus_muscle] xref: AAO:0010043 xref: FMA:22299 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG/200px-Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG xref: MA:0002347 xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Externus_Muscle xref: SCTID:245026009 is_a: UBERON:0011043 {source="FMA"} ! obturator muscle is_a: UBERON:0011144 {source="Wikipedia"} ! adductor muscle of hip relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002503 {source="FMA"} ! greater trochanter relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 {source="dbpedia", notes="trochanteric fossa of femur"} ! femur relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006803 {source="dbpedia", notes="obturator foramen and obturatory membrane"} ! obturator foramen relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 {source="FMA"} ! musculature of pelvic girdle property_value: external_definition "Originates on the ventro-lateral pelvic rim and inserts on the ventral aspect of the femur, medial to the insertion of the pectineus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010043", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001369 name: iliacus muscle def: "The iliacus is a flat, triangular muscle, which fills the iliac fossa. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iliacus_muscle] comment: AAO has iliacus major and minor, both of which attach to ilium and femur - consider grouping these somehow subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior muscle of pelvic girdle" EXACT [] synonym: "iliacus" EXACT [MA:0002318] synonym: "iliacus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliacus_muscle] synonym: "musculus iliacus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliacus_muscle] xref: EMAPA:19164 xref: FMA:22310 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: MA:0002318 xref: ncithesaurus:Iliacus xref: SCTID:244956009 is_a: UBERON:0001497 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of pelvic girdle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001370 {source="dbpedia"} ! gluteus maximus relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002504 {source="dbpedia", notes="lesser trochanter of femur"} ! lesser trochanter relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001267 {source="dbpedia"} ! femoral nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0011015 {source="dbpedia", notes=""} ! iliac fossa [Term] id: UBERON:0001370 name: gluteus maximus def: "The gluteus maximus is the largest and most superficial of the three gluteal muscles. In humans, it makes up a large portion of the shape and appearance of the buttocks. It is a broad and thick fleshy mass of a quadrilateral shape, and forms the prominence of the nates. Its large size is one of the most characteristic features of the muscular system in humans, connected as it is with the power of maintaining the trunk in the erect posture. The muscle is remarkably coarse in structure, being made up of fasciculi lying parallel with one another and collected together into large bundles separated by fibrous septa. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gluteus_maximus_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glutaeus maximus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_maximus_muscle] synonym: "gluteus maximus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Gluteus_maximus_muscle] synonym: "gluteus superficialis" RELATED [] synonym: "glutæus maximus" EXACT [] synonym: "m.gluteus maximus" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus gluteus maximus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gluteus_maximus_muscle] xref: EMAPA:18527 xref: FMA:22314 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG/200px-Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG xref: MA:0002309 xref: ncithesaurus:Gluteus_Maximus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjdMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181674001 is_a: UBERON:0002000 ! gluteal muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001298 {source="dbpedia"} ! psoas major muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001369 {source="dbpedia"} ! iliacus muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001372 {source="dbpedia"} ! psoas minor muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 {notes="Gluteal tuberosity of the femur iliotibial tract", source="dbpedia"} ! femur relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 {notes="Gluteal surface of ilium lumbar fascia sacrum sacrotuberous ligament", source="dbpedia"} ! ilium relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003690 {notes="Gluteal surface of ilium lumbar fascia sacrum sacrotuberous ligament", source="dbpedia"} ! sacrum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 {source="FMA"} ! musculature of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0001371 name: gluteus medius def: "The gluteus medius (or glutæus medius), one of the three gluteal muscles, is a broad, thick, radiating muscle, situated on the outer surface of the pelvis. Its posterior third is covered by the gluteus maximus, its anterior two-thirds by the gluteal aponeurosis, which separates it from the superficial fascia and integument. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gluteus_medius_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gluteus medius muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_medius_muscle] synonym: "musculus gluteus medius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_medius_muscle] synonym: "musculus gluteus medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gluteus_medius_muscle] xref: EMAPA:19163 xref: FMA:22315 xref: galen:GluteusMedius xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG/200px-Posterior_Hip_Muscles_3.PNG xref: MA:0002310 xref: ncithesaurus:Gluteus_Medius xref: SCTID:181675000 is_a: UBERON:0002000 ! gluteal muscle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002503 {source="FMA"} ! greater trochanter relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002503 {source="dbpedia", notes="Greater trochanter of the femur"} ! greater trochanter relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 {source="dbpedia", notes="Gluteal surface of ilium under gluteus maximus"} ! ilium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 {source="FMA"} ! musculature of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0001372 name: psoas minor muscle def: "The psoas minor is a long, slender skeletal muscle that, when present, is placed in front of the psoas major muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Psoas_minor_muscle] comment: Human variation notes: It is absent in 40% of individuals. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "m. psoas minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Psoas_minor_muscle] synonym: "psoas minor" EXACT [MA:0002359] xref: BTO:0001878 xref: EMAPA:18170 xref: FMA:22350 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Gray430.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Gray430.png/200px-Gray430.png xref: MA:0002359 xref: ncithesaurus:Psoas_Minor xref: SCTID:244954007 is_a: UBERON:0008450 {source="MA"} ! psoas muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001275 {notes="pectineal line", source="dbpedia"} ! pubis relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001075 {notes="Lateral surface bodies of T12 and L1 vertebrae and intervening intervertebral disc", source="dbpedia"} ! body of vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001373 name: sartorius muscle def: "The Sartorius muscle – the longest muscle in the human body – is a long thin muscle that runs down the length of the thigh. Its upper portion forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle." [Wikipedia:Sartorius_muscle] comment: Taxon notes (via VHOG): "The ambiens of reptiles and the iliotibialis of amphibians are likely homologues of the sartorius." Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution, Fourth Edition (2006) McGraw-Hill, p.391 [VHOG:0001192]. No iliotibialis in AAO - M. sartorius has def: "Originates on the ventral pelvic rim, the pubic region, and the ventral surface of the adductor longus. The insertion bifurcates distally; the ventral portion attaches to the aponeurosis of the cruralis and the dorsal part attaches to the distal attachment of the gracilis major, the semitendinosus, and to the aponeurosis of the cruralis." [AAO:0010027]. We do NOT group this AAO class here at this stage until further evidence of shared attachments subset: uberon_slim synonym: "M. sartorius" RELATED [] synonym: "musculus sartorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sartorius_muscle] synonym: "sartorius" EXACT [MA:0002368] xref: BTO:0001215 xref: EHDAA2:0001776 xref: EHDAA:10583 xref: FMA:22353 xref: galen:Sartorius xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Sartorius.png xref: MA:0002368 xref: ncithesaurus:Sartorius_Muscle xref: SCTID:181683006 xref: VHOG:0001192 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0008977 {notes="anteromedial surface of the upper tibia in the pes anserinus", source="dbpedia"} ! pes anserinus of tibia relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001267 {source="dbpedia", notes="femoral nerve"} ! femoral nerve property_value: homology_notes "The ambiens of reptiles and the iliotibialis of amphibians are likely homologues of the sartorius.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001192", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.391", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001374 name: biceps femoris def: "The biceps femoris is a muscle of the posterior (the back) thigh. As its name implies, it has two parts, one of which (the long head) forms part of the hamstrings muscle group. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Biceps_femoris_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "biceps femoris muscle" EXACT [BTO:0003418] synonym: "musculus biceps femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Biceps_femoris_muscle] xref: BTO:0003418 xref: EFO:0001418 xref: FMA:22356 xref: galen:BicepsFemoris xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Biceps_femoris_muscle_long_head.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Biceps_femoris_muscle_long_head.PNG/200px-Biceps_femoris_muscle_long_head.PNG xref: MA:0002270 xref: ncithesaurus:Biceps_Femoris xref: SCTID:181672002 is_a: UBERON:0004252 ! hindlimb stylopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001377 {source="dbpedia"} ! quadriceps femoris relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0008775 {source="dbpedia", notes="the head of the fibula which articulates with the back of the lateral tibial condyle"} ! proximal epiphysis of fibula relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0009989 {source="dbpedia", notes="the head of the fibula which articulates with the back of the lateral tibial condyle"} ! condyle of tibia relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001323 {notes="long head: tibial nerveshort head: common peroneal nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! tibial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000981 {source="dbpedia"} ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0001375 name: semitendinosus def: "The semitendinosus is a muscle in the back of the thigh; it is one of the hamstrings. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semitendinosus_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus semitendinosus" RELATED [BTO:0001236] synonym: "musculus semitendinosus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semitendinosus_muscle] synonym: "semitendinosus muscle" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001236 xref: FMA:22357 xref: galen:Semitendinosus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Semitendinosus_muscle.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Semitendinosus_muscle.PNG/200px-Semitendinosus_muscle.PNG xref: MA:0002375 xref: ncithesaurus:Semitendinosus xref: SCTID:181685004 is_a: UBERON:0003663 ! hindlimb muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001377 {source="dbpedia"} ! quadriceps femoris relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0008977 {source="dbpedia"} ! pes anserinus of tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0001376 name: tensor fasciae latae muscle def: "The tensor fasciae latae or tensor fasciæ latæ is a muscle of the thigh. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tensor_fasciae_latae_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus tensor fasciae latae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:22423, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus tensor fasciae latae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Tensor_fasciae_latae_muscle] synonym: "tensor fasciae lata" EXACT [MA:0002391] synonym: "tensor fasciae lata muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "tensor fasciae latae" EXACT [FMA:22423] synonym: "tensor of fascia lata" EXACT [] xref: FMA:22423 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Anatomical_dissection5.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: MA:0002391 xref: ncithesaurus:Tensor_Fasciae_Lata xref: SCTID:181671009 is_a: UBERON:0002000 ! gluteal muscle relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010746 ! iliac blade [Term] id: UBERON:0001377 name: quadriceps femoris def: "The quadriceps femoris, also called simply the quadriceps, quadriceps extensor, quads, is a large muscle group that includes the four prevailing muscles on the front of the thigh. It is the great extensor muscle of the knee, forming a large fleshy mass which covers the front and sides of the femur. It is the strongest and leanest muscle in the human body. It is subdivided into four separate portions or 'heads', which have received distinctive names: Rectus femoris occupies the middle of the thigh, covering most of the other three quadriceps muscles. It originates on the ilium. It is named from its straight course. The other three lie deep to rectus femoris and originate from the body of the femur, which they cover from the trochanters to the condyles: Vastus lateralis is on the lateral side of the femur (i.e. on the outer side of the thigh). Vastus medialis is on the medial side of the femur (i.e. on the inner part thigh). Vastus intermedius lies between vastus lateralis and vastus medialis on the front of the femur (i.e. on the top or front of the thigh). All four parts of the quadriceps muscle attach to the patella (knee cap) via the quadriceps tendon. The quadriceps is also involved in Lombard's Paradox. The proper plural form of the adjective quadriceps is quadricipes, a form not in general use; instead, quadriceps is used in both singular and plural (i.e. , when referring to both legs). The form quadricep [sic], though common even in professional contexts, is incorrect. The error may derive from a mistaken belief that quadriceps is a plural noun (rather than an adjective in the singular), since English typically forms its plurals with the addition of the letter s to the end of a word stem. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Quadriceps_femoris_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus quadriceps femoris" RELATED [BTO:0001149] synonym: "musculus quadriceps femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Quadriceps_femoris_muscle] synonym: "quadricep muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001149] synonym: "quadriceps" EXACT [] synonym: "quadriceps femoris muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "quadriceps muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001149] synonym: "quadriceps muscle of the thigh" RELATED [BTO:0001149] synonym: "quadriceps muscle of thigh" RELATED [BTO:0001149] xref: BTO:0001149 xref: EFO:0001938 xref: EHDAA2:0001583 xref: EHDAA:8299 xref: EMAPA:19073 xref: EMAPA:19146 xref: FMA:22428 xref: galen:QuadricepsFemoris xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg xref: MA:0002363 xref: ncithesaurus:Quadriceps_Muscle_of_the_Thigh xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjd-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181669009 xref: VHOG:0000828 is_a: UBERON:0003663 ! hindlimb muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000979 {source="dbpedia", notes="tibial tuberosity"} ! tibia relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001267 {source="dbpedia"} ! femoral nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001378 {notes="combined rectus femoris and vastus muscles", source="dbpedia"} ! rectus femoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb property_value: external_definition "The quadriceps is a collective term for the rectus femoris and the three heads of the vastus (lateralis, medialis, intermedius). [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.391][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000828", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001378 name: rectus femoris def: "The Rectus femoris muscle is one of the four quadriceps muscles of the human body. (The others are the vastus medialis, the vastus intermedius, and the vastus lateralis. All four combine to form the quadriceps tendon, which inserts into the patella and continues as the patellar ligament. ) The Rectus femoris is situated in the middle of the front of the thigh; it is fusiform in shape, and its superficial fibers are arranged in a bipenniform manner, the deep fibers running straight down to the deep aponeurosis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Rectus_femoris_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus rectos femoris" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001564 xref: FMA:22430 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Rectus_femoris.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Rectus_femoris.png/200px-Rectus_femoris.png xref: MA:0002365 xref: ncithesaurus:Rectus_Femoris xref: SCTID:181679006 is_a: UBERON:0003663 ! hindlimb muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002463 {source="dbpedia"} ! hamstring muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001267 {source="dbpedia"} ! femoral nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001269 {notes="anterior inferior iliac spine and the exterior surface of the bony ridge which forms the iliac portion of the acetabulum", source="dbpedia"} ! acetabular part of hip bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris [Term] id: UBERON:0001379 name: vastus lateralis def: "The Vastus lateralis (Vastus externus) is the largest part of the Quadriceps femoris. It arises by a broad aponeurosis, which is attached to the upper part of the intertrochanteric line, to the anterior and inferior borders of the greater trochanter, to the lateral lip of the gluteal tuberosity, and to the upper half of the lateral lip of the linea aspera; this aponeurosis covers the upper three-fourths of the muscle, and from its deep surface many fibers take origin. A few additional fibers arise from the tendon of the Glutæus maximus, and from the lateral intermuscular septum between the Vastus lateralis and short head of the Biceps femoris. The fibers form a large fleshy mass, which is attached to a strong aponeurosis, placed on the deep surface of the lower part of the muscle: this aponeurosis becomes contracted and thickened into a flat tendon inserted into the lateral border of the patella, blending with the Quadriceps femoris tendon, and giving an expansion to the capsule of the knee-joint. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vastus_lateralis] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateralis" BROAD [] synonym: "vastus externus" RELATED [BTO:0001563] xref: BTO:0001563 xref: EFO:0001937 xref: FMA:22431 xref: galen:VastusLateralis xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg xref: MA:0002402 xref: ncithesaurus:Vastus_Lateralis is_a: UBERON:0003663 ! hindlimb muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris [Term] id: UBERON:0001380 name: vastus medialis def: "The vastus medialis, often called the 'teardrop' muscle, is a medially located muscle of the quadriceps. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vastus_medialis] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "medialis" BROAD [] xref: BTO:0004913 xref: FMA:22432 xref: galen:VastusMedialis xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Vastus_medialis.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Vastus_medialis.png/200px-Vastus_medialis.png xref: MA:0002403 is_a: UBERON:0003663 ! hindlimb muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002446 {source="dbpedia"} ! patella relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001267 {source="dbpedia"} ! femoral nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000981 {source="dbpedia"} ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris [Term] id: UBERON:0001381 name: semimembranosus def: "The semimembranosus is a muscle in the back of the thigh. It is the most medial of the three hamstring muscles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semimembranosus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus semimembranosus" RELATED [BTO:0003177] xref: BTO:0003177 xref: FMA:22438 xref: galen:Semimembranosus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Semimembranosus_muscle.PNG/200px-Semimembranosus_muscle.PNG xref: MA:0002371 xref: ncithesaurus:Semimembranosus is_a: UBERON:0003663 ! hindlimb muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0001382 name: pectineus muscle def: "An adductor muscle that attaches to the pelvic bone and the femur. In humans, The pectineus muscle is a flat, quadrangular muscle, situated at the anterior part of the upper and medial aspect of the thigh. It can be classified in the medial compartment of thigh (when the function is emphasized) or the anterior compartment of thigh (when the nerve is emphasized). [WP,generalized]." [Wikipedia:Pectineus_muscle] comment: Definition generalized to accommodate AAO class - "Originates on the lateral border of the ilium and the anterior margin of the pubis. It inserts on the ventral surface of the femoral shaft." [AAO:0010036] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "M. pectineus" EXACT [AAO:0010036] synonym: "musculus pectineus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectineus_muscle] synonym: "pectineus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010036 xref: FMA:22440 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG/200px-Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: MA:0002353 xref: ncithesaurus:Pectineus xref: SCTID:245017006 is_a: UBERON:0004252 ! hindlimb stylopod muscle is_a: UBERON:0011144 {source="Wikipedia"} ! adductor muscle of hip relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 {source="dbpedia"} ! femur relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001267 {notes="Femoral nerve sometimes obturator nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! femoral nerve relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0005465 {notes="Femoral nerve sometimes obturator nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! obturator nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 {notes="pectineal line - superior pubic ramus", source="dbpedia"} ! pubis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod property_value: external_definition "Originates on the lateral border of the ilium and the anterior margin of the pubis. It inserts on the ventral surface of the femoral shaft.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010036", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001383 name: muscle of leg def: "A muscle that is part of the region of the hindlimb between the pelvis and ankle." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Leg_muscle] comment: Terminology notes: see notes on UBERON:0000978 for possible confusion over the term 'leg'. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "leg muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "leg muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of hindlimb zeugopod or stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "muscle of thigh or crus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "muscle of upper or lower hindlimb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "muscle of upper/lower leg" EXACT [] synonym: "muscle organ of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000722 xref: MA:0000672 is_a: UBERON:0003663 ! hindlimb muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0001384 name: primary motor cortex def: "a brain region that in humans is located in the posterior portion of the frontal lobe. It works in association with pre-motor areas to plan and execute movements. M1 contains large neurons known as Betz cells which send long axons down the spinal cord to synapse onto alpha motor neurons which connect to the muscles. Pre-motor areas are involved in planning actions (in concert with the basal ganglia) and refining movements based upon sensory input (this requires the cerebellum). The human primary motor cortex is located in the dorsal part of the precentral gyrus and the anterior bank of the central sulcus. The precentral gyrus is in front of the postcentral gyrus from which it is separated by the central sulcus. Its anterior border is the precentral sulcus, while inferiorly it borders to the lateral fissure (Sylvian fissure). Medially, it is contiguous with the paracentral lobule." [Wikipedia:Primary_motor_cortex] comment: TODO: in MA this is asserted to be part_of BOTH frontal and parietal cortex. in ABA these are disjoint. FMA makes no commitment beyond cerebral cortex. Wikipedia says frontal lobe. Check if species difference or difference in definition. Removed relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 {source="MA-modified"} subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus precentralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Primary_motor_cortex] synonym: "motor cortex" EXACT [FMA:224854] synonym: "prefrontal gyrus" RELATED [MP:0000798, Wikipedia:Primary_motor_cortex] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-M1 xref: BTO:0004348 xref: EFO:0002472 xref: FMA:224854 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Ba4.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ba4.png/200px-Ba4.png xref: MA:0000907 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.270.548 xref: ncithesaurus:Primary_Motor_Cortex xref: SCTID:11931008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 {source="MA", source="Wikipedia"} ! frontal cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex property_value: external_definition "the area of the frontal lobe that is involved with integration of voluntary movements and with speech.[MP]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-31", external_class="MP:0000800", ontology="MP", source="MGI:csmith"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001385 name: tibialis anterior def: "In human anatomy, the tibialis anterior is a muscle that originates in the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia and inserts into the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot. Its acts to invert the foot. It is situated on the lateral side of the tibia; it is thick and fleshy above, tendinous below. This muscle overlaps the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve in the upper part of the leg. [WP,unvetted]. The M. tibialis cranialis is a muscle that flexes the tarsometatarsus. It originates on the craniodistal aspect of the femur and proximal tibiotarsus and inserts on the cranial surface of the tarsometarsus[EvoWiki]." [http://evolutionwiki.org/wiki/M._tibialis_cranialis, Wikipedia:Tibialis_anterior_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior tibialis" RELATED [BTO:0001382] synonym: "ibialis anticus" RELATED [BTO:0001382] synonym: "musculus tibialis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tibialis_anterior_muscle] synonym: "tibialis anterior muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001382] synonym: "tibialis cranialis" EXACT [MA:0002395] synonym: "tibilais cranialis" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001382 xref: EFO:0001385 xref: FMA:22532 xref: galen:TibialisAnterior xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray1240.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray1240.png/200px-Gray1240.png xref: MA:0002395 xref: ncithesaurus:Tibialis_Cranialis xref: SCTID:181696007 is_a: UBERON:0008230 ! tibialis relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001388 {source="dbpedia"} ! gastrocnemius relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001389 {source="dbpedia"} ! soleus muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001667 {source="dbpedia"} ! tibialis posterior relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001448 {source="dbpedia", notes="medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot"} ! metatarsal bone relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010721 {source="dbpedia", notes="medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot"} ! distal tarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001386 name: extensor digitorum longus def: "The Extensor digitorum longus is a pennate muscle, situated at the lateral part of the front of the leg. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_longus_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "extensor digitorum longus muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000436] synonym: "musculus extensor digitorum longus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_longus_muscle] synonym: "toe extensor" EXACT [HP:0011916] synonym: "toe extensor muscle" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000436 xref: FMA:22534 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray1241.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray1241.png/200px-Gray1241.png xref: MA:0002295 xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Digitorum_Longus is_a: UBERON:0000311 {source="BTO"} ! extensor muscle is_a: UBERON:0001383 ! muscle of leg relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001449 {source="dbpedia", notes="Dorsal surface; middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits"} ! phalanx of pes relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001324 {source="dbpedia"} ! common fibular nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000979 {notes="Anterior lateral condyle of tibia anterior shaft of fibula and superior of interosseous membrane", source="dbpedia"} ! tibia relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 {notes="Anterior lateral condyle of tibia anterior shaft of fibula and superior of interosseous membrane", source="dbpedia"} ! fibula relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0009991 {notes="Anterior lateral condyle of tibia anterior shaft of fibula and superior of interosseous membrane", source="dbpedia"} ! lateral condyle of tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0001387 name: fibularis longus def: "In human anatomy, the peroneus longus (also known as fibularis longus) is a superficial muscle in the lateral compartment of the leg, and acts to evert and plantar flex the ankle. It is situated at the upper part of the lateral side of the leg, and is the most superficial of the three peroneus muscles. It is innervated by the superficial fibular nerve (superficial peroneal nerve). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fibularis longus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus] synonym: "fibularis longus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus] synonym: "musculus peroneus longus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:22539, FMA:TA] synonym: "peronaei longus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus] synonym: "peronaeus longus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus] synonym: "peroneous longus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus] synonym: "peroneus longus" EXACT [] synonym: "peroneus longus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "peroneus longus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_longus] xref: FMA:22539 xref: galen:PeroneusLongus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray1240.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray1240.png/200px-Gray1240.png xref: MA:0002356 xref: ncithesaurus:Peroneus_Longus xref: SCTID:361825008 is_a: UBERON:0009132 ! peroneus relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001385 {source="dbpedia"} ! tibialis anterior relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001452 {source="dbpedia"} ! distal tarsal bone 1 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 {source="dbpedia"} ! fibula [Term] id: UBERON:0001388 name: gastrocnemius def: "A muscle of the shank. In mammals it has two heads[Kardong]. It runs from its two heads just above the knee to the heel, and is involved in standing, walking, running and jumping. Along with the soleus muscle it forms the calf muscle. [WP]." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Gastrocnemius_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calf muscle" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "gastrocnemius muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000506] synonym: "m. gastrocnemius" EXACT [] synonym: "m.gastrocnemius" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus gastrocnemius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gastrocnemius_muscle] xref: BTO:0000506 xref: EFO:0001413 xref: EHDAA2:0000701 xref: EHDAA:8293 xref: FMA:22541 xref: galen:Gastrocnemius xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Gastrocnemius.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Gastrocnemius.png/200px-Gastrocnemius.png xref: MA:0002306 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrocnemius_Muscle xref: SCTID:181700004 xref: VHOG:0001193 is_a: UBERON:0004256 ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001385 {source="dbpedia"} ! tibialis anterior relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001450 {notes="tendo calcaneus into mid-posteior calcaneus", source="dbpedia"} ! calcaneus relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003701 {notes="tendo calcaneus into mid-posteior calcaneus", source="dbpedia"} ! calcaneal tendon relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001323 {notes="tibial nerve from the sciatic specifically nerve roots", source="dbpedia"} ! tibial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0009984 {notes="superior to articular surfaces of lateral condyle of femur and medial condyle of femur", source="dbpedia"} ! medial condyle of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0001665 {source="FMA"} ! triceps surae relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod property_value: external_definition "The most superficial calf muscle in the posterior part of the leg. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001193", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gastrocnemius"} property_value: homology_notes "The most prominent ventral muscle of the shank is the gastrocnemius, the 'calf' muscle. In mammals, it has two heads, resulting from the fusion of two different phylogenetic predecessors.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001193", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.393", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001389 name: soleus muscle def: "a powerful muscle in the back part of the lower leg (the calf). It runs from just below the knee to the heel, and is involved in standing and walking. It is closely connected to the gastrocnemius muscle and some anatomists consider them to be a single muscle, the triceps surae. Its name is derived from the solefish whose shape it resembles. The soleus is located in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg. Not all mammals have a soleus muscle; one familiar species that lacks the soleus is the dog." [Wikipedia:Soleus_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "soleus" EXACT [MA:0002424] xref: BTO:0001265 xref: EFO:0001946 xref: FMA:22542 xref: galen:Soleus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg xref: MA:0002424 xref: ncithesaurus:Soleus xref: SCTID:181702007 is_a: UBERON:0004256 ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001385 {source="dbpedia"} ! tibialis anterior relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003701 {source="dbpedia"} ! calcaneal tendon relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001323 {notes="tibial nerve specifically nerve roots ", source="dbpedia"} ! tibial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 {source="dbpedia", notes="fibula medial border of tibia"} ! fibula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001665 {source="FMA"} ! triceps surae property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0011910 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9611 {source="WikipediaLSoleus"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001390 name: sural artery def: "The sural arteries (inferior muscular arteries) are two large branches, which are distributed to the Gastrocnemius, Soleus, and Plantaris. The term applies to any of four or five arteries arising from the popliteal artery, with distribution to the muscles and integument of the calf, and with anastomoses to the posterior tibial, medial and lateral inferior genicular arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sural_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:22570 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Gray551.png/200px-Gray551.png xref: MA:0002058 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Sural_Artery xref: SCTID:302693002 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001391 name: popliteus muscle def: "The popliteus muscle in the leg is used to unlock the knee by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia during a closed chain movement (such as one with the foot in contact with the ground). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Popliteus_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "m.popliteus" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus popliteus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Popliteus_muscle] synonym: "popliteal" EXACT [] synonym: "popliteal muscle" EXACT [FMA:22590] synonym: "popliteus" EXACT [FMA:22590] synonym: "popliteus" EXACT [MA:0002554] synonym: "popliteus muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:22590 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Gray439.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Gray439.png/200px-Gray439.png xref: MA:0002554 xref: ncithesaurus:Popliteus_Muscle xref: SCTID:245032004 is_a: UBERON:0001383 ! muscle of leg relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0009980 {notes="middle facet of the lateral surface of the lateral femoral condyle", source="dbpedia"} ! condyle of femur relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001323 {source="dbpedia"} ! tibial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000979 {notes="posterior-medial tibia under the tibial condyles", source="dbpedia"} ! tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0001392 name: flexor hallucis longus def: "The Flexor hallucis longus muscle (FHL) is a muscle of the leg. It is one of the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg. The other deep muscles of the leg are flexor digitorum longus and tibialis posterior. FHL is the largest and most powerful of these deep muscles. The Flexor hallucis longus is situated on the fibular side of the leg. It arises from the inferior two-thirds of the posterior surface of the body of the fibula, with the exception of 2.5 cm. at its lowest part; from the lower part of the interosseous membrane; from an intermuscular septum between it and the Peronæi, laterally, and from the fascia covering the Tibialis posterior, medially. The fibers pass obliquely downward and backward, and end in a tendon which occupies nearly the whole length of the posterior surface of the muscle. This tendon lies in a groove which crosses the posterior surface of the lower end of the tibia, the posterior surface of the talus, and the under surface of the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus; in the sole of the foot it runs forward between the two heads of the Flexor hallucis brevis, and is inserted into the base of the last phalanx of the great toe. The grooves on the talus and calcaneus, which contain the tendon of the muscle, are converted by tendinous fibers into distinct canals, lined by a mucous sheath. As the tendon passes forward in the sole of the foot, it is situated above, and crosses from the lateral to the medial side of the tendon of the Flexor digitorum longus, to which it is connected by a fibrous slip. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_hallucis_longus_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "flexor hallucis longus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Flexor_hallucis_longus_muscle] xref: FMA:22593 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Gray442.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray442.png/200px-Gray442.png xref: MA:0002301 xref: ncithesaurus:Flexor_Hallucis_Longus xref: SCTID:361826009 is_a: UBERON:0000366 ! flexor muscle is_a: UBERON:0001383 ! muscle of leg relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004315 {notes="Plantar surface; base of distal phalanx of hallux", source="dbpedia"} ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 1 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001323 {notes="tibial nerve S1 and S2 nerve roots", source="dbpedia"} ! tibial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 {notes="fibula posterior aspect of middle 1/3", source="dbpedia"} ! fibula relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0011909 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001393 name: auditory cortex def: "The primary auditory cortex is the region of the brain that is responsible for processing of auditory information. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Auditory_cortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "A1 (primary auditory cortex)" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "anterior transverse temporal area 41" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "auditory cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "brodmann area 41" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "brodmann area 41 & 42" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "brodmann area 42" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "posterior transverse temporal area 42" RELATED [Wikipedia:Primary_auditory_cortex] synonym: "primary auditory cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auditory_cortex] synonym: "temporal auditory neocortex" RELATED [GEO:GSE13344] xref: BTO:0004343 xref: FMA:226221 xref: GAID:682 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Brodmann_41_42.png/200px-Brodmann_41_42.png xref: MA:0000942 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.863.297 xref: ncithesaurus:Auditory_Cortex is_a: UBERON:0002619 {source="FMA"} ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 {source="MA"} ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0001394 name: axillary artery def: "In human anatomy, the axillary artery is a large blood vessel that conveys oxygenated blood to the lateral aspect of the thorax, the axilla (armpit) and the upper limb. Its origin is at the lateral margin of the first rib, before which it is called the subclavian artery. After passing the lower margin of teres major it becomes the brachial artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Axillary_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria axillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_artery] synonym: "axillary part of subclavian artery" EXACT [FMA:22654] synonym: "axillary part of trunk of subclavian artery" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18749 xref: FMA:22654 xref: GAID:473 xref: galen:AxillaryArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Axillary_limits.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Axillary_limits.PNG/200px-Axillary_limits.PNG xref: MA:0002573 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.085 xref: ncithesaurus:Axillary_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwRh-vZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181321001 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0001395 name: thoraco-acromial artery def: "The thoracoacromial artery (acromiothoracic artery; thoracic axis) is a short trunk, which arises from the forepart of the axillary artery, its origin being generally overlapped by the upper edge of the Pectoralis minor. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoraco-acromial_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "acromiothoracic artery" EXACT [] synonym: "thoracoacromial artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:22671 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Axillary_branches.PNG/200px-Axillary_branches.PNG xref: MA:0002064 xref: ncithesaurus:Acromial_Thoracic_Artery xref: SCTID:244315002 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003233 ! epithelium of shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0001396 name: lateral thoracic artery def: "In human anatomy, the lateral thoracic artery (or external mammary artery) is a blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the lateral structures of the thorax and breast. It originates from the axillary artery and follows the lower border of the Pectoralis minor muscle to the side of the chest, supplies the Serratus anterior muscle and the Pectoralis major muscle, and sends branches across the axilla to the axillary lymph nodes and Subscapularis muscle. It anastomoses with the internal thoracic artery, subscapular, and intercostal arteries, and with the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery. In the female it supplies an external mammary branch which turns round the free edge of the Pectoralis major and supplies the breasts. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_thoracic_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria thoracalis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_thoracic_artery] synonym: "external mammary artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:22674 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Axillary_branches.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Axillary_branches.PNG/200px-Axillary_branches.PNG xref: MA:0001989 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Thoracic_Artery xref: SCTID:206135006 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003233 ! epithelium of shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0001397 name: subscapular artery def: "The subscapular artery, the largest branch of the axillary artery, arises at the lower border of the Subscapularis, which it follows to the inferior angle of the scapula, where it anastomoses with the lateral thoracic and intercostal arteries and with the descending branch of the transverse cervical, and ends in the neighboring muscles. About 4 cm. from its origin it gives off two branches, first the scapular circumflex artery and then the thoracodorsal artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subscapular_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria subscapularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subscapular_artery] xref: FMA:22677 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Axillary_branches.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Axillary_branches.PNG/200px-Axillary_branches.PNG xref: MA:0002050 xref: ncithesaurus:Subscapular_Artery xref: SCTID:244311006 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001398 name: brachial artery def: "The brachial artery is the major blood vessel of the (upper) arm. It is the continuation of the axillary artery beyond the lower margin of teres major muscle. It continues down the ventral surface of the arm until it reaches the cubital fossa at the elbow. It then divides into the radial and ulnar arteries which run down the forearm. In some individuals, the bifurcation occurs much earlier and the ulnar and radial arteries extend through the upper arm. The pulse of the brachial artery is palpable on the anterior aspect of the elbow, medial to the tendon of the biceps, and, with the use of a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) often used to measure the blood pressure. The brachial artery is closely related to the median nerve; in proximal regions, the median nerve is immediately lateral to the brachial artery. Distally, the median nerve crosses the medial side of the brachial artery and lies anterior to the elbow joint. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachial_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria brachialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachial_artery] synonym: "brachial part of trunk of subclavian artery" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010504 xref: FMA:22689 xref: GAID:475 xref: galen:BrachialArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray525.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray525.png/200px-Gray525.png xref: MA:0001921 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.139 xref: ncithesaurus:Brachial_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwM-i5JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181322008 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery property_value: external_definition "Part of the subclavian artery which supplies blood to the forelimb.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010504", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001399 name: deep brachial artery def: "The arteria profunda brachii (also known as deep artery of the arm and the deep brachial artery) is a large vessel which arises from the medial and back part of the brachial, just below the lower border of the Teres major. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Deep_brachial_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria profunda brachii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:22695, FMA:TA] synonym: "profunda brachii artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:22695 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray526.png/200px-Gray526.png xref: MA:0002026 xref: SCTID:41065002 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003507 ! arm blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0001400 name: iliocostalis thoracis muscle def: "The iliocostalis dorsi (musculus accessorius; iliocostalis thoracis) arises by flattened tendons from the upper borders of the angles of the lower six ribs medial to the tendons of insertion of the iliocostalis lumborum; these become muscular, and are inserted into the upper borders of the angles of the upper six ribs and into the back of the transverse process of the seventh cervical vertebra." [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis#Iliocostalis_thoracis] synonym: "iliocostalis thoracis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis] synonym: "iliocostalis thoracis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis] synonym: "musculus accessorius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis] xref: FMA:22703 xref: MA:0002320 xref: SCTID:244856005 is_a: UBERON:0002251 ! iliocostalis muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0001401 name: longissimus thoracis muscle def: "The longissimus is the muscle lateral to the semispinalis. It is the longest subdivision of the sacrospinalis that extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longissimus#Longissimus_thoracis] comment: Editor's note: TODO - add logical definition to determine if AAO class belongs here. Classified as erector spinae in AAO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "longissimus dorsi" RELATED [BTO:0001651] synonym: "longissimus thoracis" EXACT [MA:0002339] synonym: "musculus longissimus thoracis" RELATED [BTO:0001651] xref: AAO:0010775 xref: BTO:0001651 xref: FMA:22709 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Longissimus.png/200px-Longissimus.png xref: MA:0002339 xref: ncithesaurus:Longissimus_Thoracis xref: SCTID:244859003 is_a: UBERON:0000392 {source="FMA"} ! longissimus muscle property_value: external_definition "Epaxial muscle which originates on the antero-lateral urostyle and inserts variably along the neural spines and transverse processes of the presacral vertebrae to the exoccipital bone.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010775", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:MEJ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001402 name: longissimus cervicis muscle def: "The longissimus is the muscle lateral to the semispinalis. It is the longest subdivision of the sacrospinalis that extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longissimus#Longissimus_cervicis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "longissimus cervicis" EXACT [MA:0002337] synonym: "musculus longissimus cervicis" RELATED [BTO:0001650] xref: BTO:0001650 xref: FMA:22711 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Longissimus.png/200px-Longissimus.png xref: MA:0002337 xref: ncithesaurus:Longissimus_Cervicis xref: SCTID:244860008 is_a: UBERON:0000392 ! longissimus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0001403 name: longissimus capitis def: "The longissimus is the muscle lateral to the semispinalis. It is the longest subdivision of the sacrospinalis that extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longissimus#Longissimus_capitis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus longissimus capitis" RELATED [BTO:0001649] synonym: "trachelomastoid muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001649] xref: BTO:0001649 xref: FMA:22714 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Longissimus.png/200px-Longissimus.png xref: MA:0002336 xref: ncithesaurus:Longissimus_Capitis xref: SCTID:244861007 is_a: UBERON:0000392 ! longissimus muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 {source="Wikipedia:Mastoid_process"} ! mastoid process of temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001404 name: radial artery def: "In human anatomy, the radial artery is the main blood vessel, with oxygenated blood, of the lateral aspect of the forearm. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Radial_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "A. Radialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Radial_artery] xref: FMA:22730 xref: GAID:506 xref: galen:RadialArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray1237.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray1237.svg/200px-Gray1237.svg.png xref: MA:0002034 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.740 xref: ncithesaurus:Radial_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvxzeR5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181332001 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001405 name: spinalis thoracis muscle def: "Origin: spinous processes of two upper lumbar and two lower thoracic; insertion: spines of upper thoracic vertebrae; innervation: branches of spinal nerves; action: extends vertebral column." [BTO:0002624] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus spinalis dorsi" RELATED [BTO:0002624] synonym: "musculus spinalis thoracis" RELATED [BTO:0002624] synonym: "spinal muscle of thorax" RELATED [BTO:0002624] synonym: "spinalis dorsi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Spinalis#Spinalis_dorsi] synonym: "spinalis thoracis" EXACT [MA:0002381] xref: BTO:0002624 xref: FMA:22765 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Spinalis.png/200px-Spinalis.png xref: MA:0002381 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinalis_Thoracis xref: SCTID:244863005 is_a: UBERON:0011013 {source="FMA"} ! spinalis muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0001406 name: ulnar artery def: "The ulnar artery is the main blood vessel, with oxygenated blood, of the medial aspect of the forearm. It arises from the brachial artery and terminates in the superficial palmar arch, which joins with the superficial branch of the radial artery. It is palpable on the anterior and medial aspect of the wrist. Along its course, it is accompanied by a similarly named vein or veins, the ulnar vein or ulnar veins. The ulnar artery, the larger of the two terminal branches of the brachial, begins a little below the bend of the elbow in the cubital fossa, and, passing obliquely downward, reaches the ulnar side of the forearm at a point about midway between the elbow and the wrist. It then runs along the ulnar border to the wrist, crosses the transverse carpal ligament on the radial side of the pisiform bone, and immediately beyond this bone divides into two branches, which enter into the formation of the superficial and deep volar arches. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ulnar_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "A. Ulnaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ulnar_artery] xref: FMA:22796 xref: GAID:515 xref: galen:UlnarArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray1237.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray1237.svg/200px-Gray1237.svg.png xref: MA:0002069 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.920 xref: ncithesaurus:Ulnar_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAF2PJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181333006 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001407 name: semispinalis thoracis def: "The Semispinalis dorsi (or semispinalis thoracis) consists of thin, narrow, fleshy fasciculi, interposed between tendons of considerable length. It arises by a series of small tendons from the transverse processes of the sixth to the tenth thoracic vertebræ, and is inserted, by tendons, into the spinous processes of the upper four thoracic and lower two cervical vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_dorsi] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus semispinalis thoracis, musculus semispinalis dorsi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_dorsi] synonym: "semispinalis dorsi" EXACT [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_dorsi] synonym: "semispinalis dorsi muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_dorsi] xref: FMA:22828 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Semispinalis.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Semispinalis.png/200px-Semispinalis.png xref: MA:0002374 xref: ncithesaurus:Semispinalis_Thoracis xref: SCTID:244868001 is_a: UBERON:0011017 {source="FMA"} ! semispinalis muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001076 {notes="spinous processes of the upper four thoracic and lower two cervical vertebrae", source="dbpedia"} ! spinous process of vertebra relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 {source="dbpedia", notes="transverse processes of the sixth to the tenth thoracic vertebre"} ! transverse process of vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001408 name: semispinalis cervicis def: "The semispinalis cervicis (semispinalis colli), thicker than the semispinalis dorsi, arises by a series of tendinous and fleshy fibers from the transverse processes of the upper five or six thoracic vertebræ, and is inserted into the cervical spinous processes, from the axis to the fifth inclusive. The fasciculus connected with the axis is the largest, and is chiefly muscular in structure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_cervicis] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus semispinalis cervicis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_cervicis] xref: FMA:22829 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Gray384.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Gray384.png/200px-Gray384.png xref: MA:0002373 xref: ncithesaurus:Semispinalis_Cervicis xref: SCTID:244869009 is_a: UBERON:0011017 {source="FMA"} ! semispinalis muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002413 {source="dbpedia", notes="cervical spinous processes from the axis to the fifth"} ! cervical vertebra relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 {source="dbpedia", notes="transverse processes of the upper five or six thoracic vertebræ"} ! transverse process of vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001409 name: semispinalis capitis def: "The Semispinalis capitis (Complexus) is situated at the upper and back part of the neck, deep to the Splenius, and medial to the Longissimus cervicis and capitis. It arises by a series of tendons from the tips of the transverse processes of the upper six or seven thoracic and the seventh cervical vertebræ, and from the articular processes of the three cervical above this. The tendons, uniting, form a broad muscle, which passes upward, and is inserted between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone. The medial part, usually more or less distinct from the remainder of the muscle, is frequently termed the Spinalis capitis; it is also named the Biventer cervicis since it is traversed by an imperfect tendinous inscription. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_capitis] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus semispinalis capitis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_capitis] xref: FMA:22830 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Gray384.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Gray384.png/200px-Gray384.png xref: MA:0002372 xref: ncithesaurus:Semispinalis_Capitis xref: SCTID:244870005 is_a: UBERON:0011017 {source="FMA"} ! semispinalis muscle relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 {notes="Transversal process of lower cervical and higher thoracal columna", source="dbpedia"} ! transverse process of vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001410 name: common palmar digital artery def: "Three common palmar digital arteries arise from the convexity of the superficial palmar arch and proceed distally on the second, third, and fourth lumbricales muscles." [Wikipedia:Common_palmar_digital_artery] comment: the MA term, even though plural, represents the singular, as it is an isa child of artery subset: uberon_slim synonym: "common palmar digital arteries" EXACT [] xref: FMA:22852 xref: MA:0001957 xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Palmar_Digital_Artery xref: SCTID:38396009 is_a: UBERON:0006141 ! palmar digital artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001411 name: basilic vein def: "In human anatomy, the basilic vein is a large superficial vein of the upper limb that helps drain parts of manus and forearm. It originates on the medial (ulnar) side of the dorsal venous network of the manus, and it travels up the base of the forearm and arm. Most of its course is superficial; it generally travels in the subcutaneous fat and other fasciae that lie superficial to the muscles of the upper extremity. Because of this, it is usually visible through the skin. Near the region anterior to the cubital fossa, in the bend of the elbow joint, the basilic vein usually connects with the other large superficial vein of the upper extremity, the cephalic vein, via the median cubital vein. The layout of superficial veins in the forearm is highly variable from person to person, and there are generally a variety of other unnamed superficial veins that the basilic vein communicates with. About halfway up the arm proper (the part between the shoulder and elbow), the basilic vein goes deep, travelling under the muscles. There, around the lower border of the teres major muscle, the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral veins feed into it, just before it joins the brachial veins to form the axillary vein. Along with other superficial veins in the forearm, the basilic vein is a possible site for venipuncture. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Basilic_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "basilic vein of forearm" EXACT [] synonym: "vena basilica antebrachii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:22908, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:22908 xref: galen:BasilicVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray576.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/200px-Gray576.png xref: MA:0002086 xref: ncithesaurus:Basilic_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvwrxEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181393008 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003507 ! arm blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 {source="FMA/obol"} ! axillary vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001412 name: common palmar digital vein comment: Some sources distinguish between the "proper palmar digital veins", which are more distal, and the "common palmar digital veins", which are more proximal. synonym: "proximal palmar digital vein" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palmar_digital_veins] xref: FMA:22923 xref: MA:0002121 is_a: UBERON:0004563 ! forelimb digital vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001413 name: brachial vein def: "In human anatomy, the brachial veins are venae comitantes of the brachial artery in the arm proper. Because they are deep to muscle, they are considered deep veins. Their course is that of the brachial artery (in reverse): they begin where radial veins and ulnar veins join (corresponding to the bifurcation of the brachial artery). They end at the inferior border of the teres major muscle. At this point, the brachial veins join the basilic vein to form the axillary vein. The brachial veins also have small tributaries that drain the muscles of the upper arm, such as biceps brachii muscle and triceps brachii muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachial_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0010512 xref: FMA:22934 xref: galen:BrachialVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/200px-Gray576.png xref: MA:0002087 xref: ncithesaurus:Brachial_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwS3In5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181390006 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003507 ! arm blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 {source="FMA/obol"} ! axillary vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from the forelimb and drains into the subclavian vein.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010512", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001414 name: median cubital vein def: "In human anatomy, the median cubital vein (or median basilic vein) a superficial vein of the upper limb. It connects the basilic and cephalic vein and is often used for venipuncture (taking blood). It lies in the cubital fossa superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis. There exists a fair amount of variation of the median cubital vein. More commonly the vein forms an H-pattern with the cephalic and basilic veins making up the sides. Other forms include an M-pattern, where the vein branches to the cephalic and basilic veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Median_cubital_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena mediana cubiti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_cubital_vein] xref: FMA:22963 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Gray574.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Gray574.png/200px-Gray574.png xref: MA:0002176 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzQSYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181392003 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 {source="FMA/obol"} ! axillary vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001411 {source="FMA/obol"} ! basilic vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001415 name: skin of pelvis def: "A zone of skin that is part of a pelvis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "pelvic skin" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvis skin" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvis zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:22984 xref: MA:0000546 xref: SCTID:181517009 is_a: UBERON:0003836 ! abdominal segment skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001085 ! skin of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0001416 name: skin of abdomen def: "A zone of skin that is part of an abdomen [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "abdomen skin" EXACT [] synonym: "abdomen zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal skin" EXACT [] synonym: "skin of abdomen proper" EXACT [FMA:22988] synonym: "zone of skin of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0000214 xref: FMA:22988 xref: FMA:23000 xref: MA:0000523 xref: ncithesaurus:Abdominal_Skin xref: SCTID:361707007 is_a: UBERON:0003836 {source="MA"} ! abdominal segment skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 {source="MA"} ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0001417 name: skin of neck def: "A zone of skin that is part of a neck [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "neck (volume) zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck skin" EXACT [] synonym: "neck zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23021 xref: FMA:23022 xref: MA:0000590 xref: ncithesaurus:Neck_Skin xref: SCTID:361705004 is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0001418 name: skin of thorax def: "A zone of skin that is part of a thorax [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "thoracic skin" EXACT [] synonym: "thorax skin" EXACT [] synonym: "thorax zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper body skin" RELATED [] synonym: "zone of skin of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23028 xref: FMA:23029 xref: MA:0000564 xref: SCTID:281723000 is_a: UBERON:0001085 ! skin of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0001419 name: skin of limb def: "A zone of skin that is part of a limb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "limb skin" EXACT [] synonym: "limb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23100 xref: MA:0000694 xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Extremity xref: SCTID:314403009 is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0001420 name: subscapular vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:23113 xref: MA:0002224 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 {source="FMA/obol"} ! axillary vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001421 name: pectoral girdle region def: "An organism subdivision that includes the pectoral girdle skeleton. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). Examples: Examples: There are only two instances in an organism, right and left pectoral girdle regions." [FMA:23217, UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: Note that this class describes the organism subdivision, NOT the skeleton within. See also: skeleton of pectoral girdle (UBERON:0007831). subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cingulum membri superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23217, FMA:TA] synonym: "cingulum membri superioris" NARROW [FMA:TA] synonym: "girdle - pectoral" EXACT [] synonym: "pectoral girdle" RELATED [] synonym: "pectoral region" RELATED [] synonym: "shoulder girdle" NARROW [FMA:23217] synonym: "upper limb girdle" NARROW [FMA:23217] xref: FMA:23217 xref: galen:ShoulderGirdle xref: SCTID:229759004 xref: VSAO:0000305 is_a: UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 intersection_of: UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex disjoint_from: UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex property_value: external_comment "Note that this class describes the central subdivision of the pectoral girdle complex, NOT the skeleton within.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="VSAO:0000305", ontology="VSAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "An organism subdivision that includes the pectoral girdle skeleton. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There is only one instance of the pectoral girdle region per organism.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000305", ontology="VSAO", source="UBERON:cjm"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001271 [Term] id: UBERON:0001422 name: facial lymphatic vessel def: "A lymphatic vessel that is part of a face [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "buccal lymphatic vessel" EXACT [] synonym: "face lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "face lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "FL" RELATED [] synonym: "lymph vessel of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic vessel of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:233946 xref: TAO:0005108 xref: ZFA:0005108 is_a: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 intersection_of: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0001423 name: radius bone def: "The major preaxial endochondral bone in the anterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Radius_(bone)] comment: Due to the presence of the radius in Tetrpodomorph fish this element is not inherently linked to the presence of digits or flexor musculature. The corresponding bone in the posterior fin/limb is the tibia.[Phenoscape]. In four-legged animals, the radius is the main load-bearing bone of the lower forelimb. Its structure is similar in most terrestrial tetrapods, but it may be fused with the ulna in some mammals (such as horses) and reduced or modified in animals with flippers or vestigial forelimbs [ISBN:0-03-910284-X] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "radius" EXACT [MA:0001357] xref: AAO:0000788 xref: EMAPA:18466 xref: EMAPA:19103 xref: FMA:23463 xref: GAID:185 xref: galen:Radius xref: MA:0001357 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087.702 xref: ncithesaurus:Radius_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwUsDcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181940002 xref: VSAO:0005012 is_a: UBERON:0003466 ! lower arm bone is_a: UBERON:0003607 ! forelimb long bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006286 {evidence="definitional"} ! radius cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 {source="VSAO"} ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: preaxial_part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton property_value: external_definition "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the fore-epipodium; it is located on the lateral side of the ulna. Its upper end articulates with both the humerus and the ulna, whereas the lower articulates with the carpals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000788", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001424 name: ulna def: "The major postaxial endochondral bone in the anterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Ulna] comment: The corresponding bone in the posterior fin/limb is the fibula. subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0000789 xref: EMAPA:18467 xref: EMAPA:19104 xref: FMA:23466 xref: GAID:188 xref: galen:Ulna xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Illu_upper_extremity.jpg/200px-Illu_upper_extremity.jpg xref: MA:0001358 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087.911 xref: ncithesaurus:Ulna xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwPtIM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181948009 xref: VSAO:0005013 is_a: UBERON:0003466 ! lower arm bone is_a: UBERON:0003607 ! forelimb long bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006306 {evidence="definitional"} ! ulna cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 {source="VSAO"} ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: postaxial_part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton property_value: external_definition "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the fore-epipodium; it is located on the medial (inner) side of the radius. The upper end of the ulna articulates with the lower end of the humerus forming a strong hinge joint with the carpals, whereas the lower articulates with the carpals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000789", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001425 name: pectoral lymphatic vessel comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "PL" RELATED [] xref: FMA:234865 xref: TAO:0005107 xref: ZFA:0005107 is_a: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0001426 name: jugular lymphatic vessel comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "JL" RELATED [] xref: FMA:234908 xref: TAO:0005109 xref: ZFA:0005109 is_a: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011765 ! jugular lymph sac [Term] id: UBERON:0001427 name: scaphoid def: "The scaphoid Bone is situated at the radial (radius bone) side of the carpus, or laterally between the manus and the forearm in standard medical posture (thumbs pointing outwards). The scaphoid bone is the largest bone of the proximal row of wrist bones, its long axis being from above downward, lateralward, and forward. It is approximately the size and shape of a medium sized cashew. The bone takes a semi-similar form of a boat. In reptiles, birds, and amphibians, this bone is instead commonly referred to as the radiale, because of its articulation with the radius. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scaphoid] comment: todo - check AAO placement; in rodents this is fused with the lunate to make the scapholunate subset: uberon_slim synonym: "navicular bone of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "navicular bone of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "navicular of hand" RELATED [] synonym: "navicular of manus" RELATED [] synonym: "os carpi radiale" EXACT [] synonym: "os naviculare manus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scaphoid_bone] synonym: "os scaphoideum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scaphoid_bone] synonym: "radial carpal bone" RELATED [] synonym: "radiale" RELATED [AAO:0000790, Wikipedia:Scaphoid] synonym: "scaphoid bone" EXACT [] synonym: "scaphoideum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scaphoid_bone] xref: AAO:0000790 xref: FMA:23709 xref: GAID:180 xref: galen:Scaphoid xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png xref: MA:0002555 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087.144.650 xref: ncithesaurus:Scaphoid_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAwWe5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181958008 is_a: UBERON:0001480 ! proximal carpal bone property_value: external_definition "One of two element that constitute the basal row of carpals. It articulates proximally with the radius, mesially with the ulnare (or pars intermedia of the ulnare when the ulnare is fused to the intermedium) and distally with the centrale (also recognized by some authors as element Y). This element originates from one or two condensation centers. Occasionally it may fuse to carpal 5(4), the ulnare, or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000790", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001428 name: lunate def: "The lunate bone (semilunar bone) is a carpal bone (wrist bone) in the human hand that may be distinguished by its deep concavity and crescentic outline. It is situated in the center of the proximal row of the carpus (wrist) region between the fore arm and hand (manus). In standard medical posture, the lunate carpal bone is situated between the lateral Scaphoid bone and medial Triquetral bone. The lunate carpal bone straddles distally the bordering ulna and radius bones and proximally to distal carpus (wrist) Trapezium bone and Trapezoid bone[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lunate_bone] comment: Taxon notes: articulating with the ulnare and the radiale[VSAO}. human articulations: radius proximally capitate and hamate distally scaphoid laterally triangular medially subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intermediate carpal bone" RELATED [] synonym: "lunar" EXACT [VSAO:0005040] synonym: "lunate bone" EXACT [] synonym: "os carpi intermedium" EXACT [] synonym: "os lunatum" EXACT [VSAO:0005040] synonym: "os lunatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lunate_bone] synonym: "semilunar" RELATED [] synonym: "semilunar bone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:23712 xref: GAID:181 xref: galen:Lunate xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png xref: MA:0002556 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087.144.663 xref: ncithesaurus:Lunate_Bone xref: SCTID:181959000 xref: VSAO:0005040 is_a: UBERON:0001480 {source="FMA"} ! proximal carpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001429 name: pisiform def: "The pisiform bone (also called pisiform or lentiform bone) is a small knobbly, pea-shaped wrist bone. The pisiform bone is found in the proximal row of the carpus. It is located where the ulna (inner bone of the forearm when in anatomical position) joins the carpus (wrist). It articulates only with the triquetral. It is a sesamoid bone. The pisiform bone may be known by its small size, and by its presenting a single articular facet. It is situated on a plane anterior to the other carpal bones and is spheroidal in form. The etymology derives from the Latin pīsum which means 'pea.' [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pisiform_bone] comment: todo - classify as sesamoid? subset: uberon_slim synonym: "accessory carpal bone" RELATED [MA:0001339] synonym: "os pisiforme" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pisiform_bone] synonym: "pisiform bone" EXACT [FMA:23718] xref: FMA:23718 xref: galen:Pisiform xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png xref: MA:0001339 xref: ncithesaurus:Pisiform_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtByTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:9181003 is_a: UBERON:0001480 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! proximal carpal bone is_a: UBERON:0007997 ! sesamoid bone of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0001430 name: distal carpal bone 1 def: "." [Wikipedia:Trapezium_(bone)] comment: Taxon notes: located between radiale and first metacarpal[VSAO]. in humans - The capitate articulates with 1st metacarpal distally, scaphoid proximally, trapezoid medially, 2nd metacarpal medially[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "carpal 1" RELATED [AAO:0010634] synonym: "distal carpal 1" EXACT [VSAO:0005043] synonym: "greater multangular bone" EXACT [] synonym: "greater multiangular" RELATED [MA:0001340] synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 1" RELATED [MA:0001340] synonym: "manus distal carpal bone 1" RELATED [] synonym: "os trapezium" EXACT [VSAO:0005043] synonym: "trapezial bone" EXACT [FMA:23721] synonym: "trapezium" EXACT [VSAO:0005043] synonym: "trapezium bone" EXACT [FMA:23721] xref: AAO:0010634 xref: FMA:23721 xref: galen:Trapezium xref: MA:0001340 xref: ncithesaurus:Trapezial_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv3CbrJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361780007 xref: VSAO:0005043 is_a: UBERON:0001481 {source="FMA"} ! distal carpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001431 name: distal carpal bone 2 def: "." [Wikipedia:Trapezoid_(bone)] comment: Taxon notes: located in the distal part of the carpus and articulating with the second metacarpal, the distal carpals 1 and 2 and the radiale.[VSAO] in humans - The capitate articulates with 2nd metacarpal distally, scaphoid proximally, trapezium medially, capitate medially[WP] Amphibians: Small element that articulates with the prepollex, metacarpal II(I) and metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to element Y or carpal 3(2)[AAO] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "carpal 2" RELATED [AAO:0000848] synonym: "distal carpal 2" EXACT [VSAO:0005044] synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 2" RELATED [MA:0001341] synonym: "lesser multangular bone" EXACT [FMA:23724] synonym: "lesser multiangular" RELATED [MA:0001341] synonym: "manus distal carpal bone 2" RELATED [] synonym: "os trapezoideum" EXACT [VSAO:0005044] synonym: "trapezoid" EXACT [VSAO:0005044] synonym: "trapezoid bone" EXACT [FMA:23724] xref: AAO:0000848 xref: FMA:23724 xref: galen:Trapezoid xref: MA:0001341 xref: ncithesaurus:Trapezoid_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVvsjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvxNWBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361781006 xref: VSAO:0005044 is_a: UBERON:0001481 ! distal carpal bone property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates with the prepollex, metacarpal II(I) and metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to element Y or carpal 3(2).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000848", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001432 name: distal carpal bone 3 def: "." [Wikipedia:Capitate_bone] comment: Taxon notes: medially located and articulates with metacarpals 2-4, distal carpal 5 and the intermedium[VSAO] In the human hand, the capitate bone is the largest of the carpal bones, and occupies the center of the wrist - The capitate articulates with seven bones: the scaphoid and lunate proximally, the second metacarpal, third metacarpal, and fourth metacarpal distally, the lesser multangular on the radial side, and the hamate on the ulnar side[WP] Amphibians: Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to carpals 2(1), 4(3), 5(4), or other elements[AAO] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "capitate" EXACT [MA:0001342] synonym: "capitate bone" EXACT [FMA:23727] synonym: "carpal 3" RELATED [AAO:0000849] synonym: "distal carpal 3" EXACT [VSAO:0005045] synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 3" RELATED [MA:0001342] synonym: "magnum" RELATED [VSAO:0005045] synonym: "os capitatum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capitate_bone] synonym: "os magnum" RELATED [] synonym: "os magnum (carpus)" EXACT [FMA:23727] xref: AAO:0000849 xref: FMA:23727 xref: galen:Capitate xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png xref: MA:0001342 xref: ncithesaurus:Capitate_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZFPrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181964001 xref: VSAO:0005045 is_a: UBERON:0001481 {source="FMA"} ! distal carpal bone property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal III(II). It may be fused to carpals 2(1), 4(3), 5(4), or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000849", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001433 name: distal carpal bone 4 def: "." [Wikipedia:Hamate_bone] comment: Taxon notes: articulates with the lunar, distal carpal 3, the ulnare as well as metacarpals 4 and 5.[VSAO]. In the human hand the lunate proximally the fourth and fifth metacarpals distally the triangular medially the capitate laterally[WP] Amphibians: Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(III). It may be fused to carpal 3(2), 5(4), or other elements[AAO] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "carpal 4" RELATED [AAO:0000850] synonym: "distal carpal 4" EXACT [VSAO:0005046] synonym: "hamate" EXACT [MA:0001343] synonym: "hamate bone" EXACT [FMA:23730] synonym: "hand distal carpal bone 4" RELATED [MA:0001343] synonym: "os hamatum" RELATED [VSAO:0005046] synonym: "os hamatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hamate_bone] synonym: "unciform" RELATED [MA:0001343] synonym: "unciform bone" EXACT [FMA:23730] synonym: "uncinate" RELATED [MA:0001343] xref: AAO:0000850 xref: FMA:23730 xref: galen:Hamate xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Carpus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png xref: MA:0001343 xref: ncithesaurus:Hamate_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwFTmuJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181967008 xref: VSAO:0005046 is_a: UBERON:0001481 {source="FMA"} ! distal carpal bone property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(III). It may be fused to carpal 3(2), 5(4), or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000850", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001434 name: skeletal system def: "Organ system subdivision which consists of the skeleton and the articular system.[FMA]" [AAO:0000566, FMA:FMA] comment: Note that GO defines skeletal system very generically: The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton) GO:0001501; however, all annotations are to vertebrates subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "set of all bones and joints" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "skeleton system" EXACT [] synonym: "Skelettsystem" RELATED [BTO:0001486] xref: AAO:0000566 xref: BTO:0001486 xref: EFO:0000806 xref: EHDAA2:0003168 xref: FMA:23881 xref: MA:0000018 xref: ncithesaurus:Skeletal_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi1rpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0000434 xref: VHOG:0001254 xref: VSAO:0000027 xref: XAO:0003060 xref: ZFA:0000434 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0001474 ! bone disjoint_from: UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system consisting of multiple elements and tissues that provides physical support.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000434", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000027", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: external_definition "System that provides physical support to the organism.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000566", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "By taking a holistic approach, integration of the evidence from molecular and developmental features of model organisms, the phylogenetic distribution in the 'new animal phylogeny' and the earliest fossilized remains of mineralized animal skeletons suggests independent origins of the skeleton at the phylum level.[debated][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001254", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1159/000324245 Donoghue PCJ, Sansom IJ, Origin and early evolution of vertebrate skeletonization. Microscopy research and technique (2002)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001016 [Term] id: UBERON:0001435 name: carpal bone def: "A bone that is part of the carpal skeleton. Examples: scaphoid, lunate, capitate[cjm]. In tetrapods, the carpals is the sole cluster of the bones in the wrist between the radius and ulna and the metacarpus. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers (or toes in quadrupeds), whereas those of the metacarpus do. The corresponding part of the foot is the tarsus. The carpal bones allow the wrist to move and rotate vertically, horizontally and laterally. In human anatomy, the main role of the carpus is to facilitate effective positioning of the hand and powerful use of the extensors and flexors of the forearm, but the mobility of individual carpal bones increase the freedom of movements at the wrist. [WP,unvetted]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Carpus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bone of carpus" EXACT [] synonym: "carpal" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:ad] synonym: "carpal skeleton bone" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:25056 xref: FMA:23889 xref: GAID:179 xref: galen:CarpalBone xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Carpus.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Carpus.svg/200px-Carpus.svg.png xref: MA:0000296 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087.144 xref: ncithesaurus:Carpal_Bone xref: SCTID:83936004 is_a: UBERON:0003656 ! mesopodium bone is_a: UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006213 ! carpus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001436 name: phalanx of manus def: "A phalanx that is part of a forelimb autopod[Obol]." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "digital bone of manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand phalanx" EXACT [MA:0000306] synonym: "hand phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "manual phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanges of fore digit" RELATED PLURAL [AAO:0000947] synonym: "phalanx of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:23914] synonym: "phalanx of fore digit" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanx of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of manual digit" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000947 xref: FMA:23914 xref: http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/26/3/613/F1.large.jpg xref: MA:0000306 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Phalanx xref: SCTID:181976001 is_a: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003607 ! forelimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0004249 ! manual digit bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010686 ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0010688 ! skeleton of anterior acropodium property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that make the four digits of the manus. The terminal phalanges are much smaller than the proximal and penultimate phalanges. The typical phalangeal formula of the manus, in a medial to lateral sequence, is 2-2-3-3.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000947", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001437 name: epiphysis def: "Subdivision of long bone which forms its expanded proximal or distal articular end; together with other the subdivisions of long bone, it constitutes the long bone. Examples: proximal epiphysis of humerus, distal epiphysis of femur.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Epiphysis] comment: see also: annular epiphysis subset: uberon_slim synonym: "end of long bone" EXACT [] synonym: "epiphyses" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "long bone epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000742 xref: BTO:0000413 xref: FMA:24012 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg/200px-Illu_long_bone.jpg xref: MA:0001362 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.251 xref: ncithesaurus:Long_Bone_Epiphysis xref: SCTID:244701002 is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone property_value: external_definition "Cartilaginous expansion at the distal end of an anterior rib or transverse process that serves for the attachment of muscles suspending the pectoral girdle to the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000742", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001438 name: metaphysis def: "Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the proximal or distal end of diaphysis next to the epiphysis; together with diaphysis proper, it constitutes the diaphysis. Examples: proximal metaphysis of humerus, distal metaphysis of femur.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Metaphysis] comment: adjacent to or containing epiphyseal plate? Note in FMA the metaphysis is part of the diaphysis, but not in MA. In the diagram in WP, it appears to be adjacent, not part_of. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "diaphyseal end of long bone" EXACT [] synonym: "long bone metaphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "metaphyses" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: FMA:24014 xref: MA:0001363 xref: ncithesaurus:Metaphysis xref: SCTID:304581004 is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0001439 name: compact bone def: "one of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones. Compact/Cortical bone facilitates bone's main functions: to support the body, protect organs, provide levers for movement, and store and release chemical elements, mainly calcium. As its name implies, cortical bone forms the cortex, or outer shell, of most bones. Again, as its name implies, compact bone is much denser than cancellous bone, which is the other type of osseous tissue. Furthermore, it is harder, stronger and stiffer than cancellous bone. Cortical bone contributes about 80% of the weight of a human skeleton. The primary anatomical and functional unit of cortical bone is the osteon.." [Wikipedia:Compact_bone] comment: MP distinguishes compact/cortical bone. in other AOs they are syns subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bony cortex" EXACT [HP:0002753] synonym: "compact bone tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "cortical bone" EXACT [] synonym: "cortical bone tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "cortical region of bone" EXACT [] synonym: "substantia compacta (pars ossea)" EXACT [] synonym: "substantia corticalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24018, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:24018 xref: galen:CorticalBone xref: MA:0001461 xref: ncithesaurus:Cortical_Bone xref: SCTID:361728003 is_a: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0002483 ! trabecular bone tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002482 ! lamellar bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001440 name: forelimb skeleton def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a forelimb region. Excludes the pectoral girdle" [UBERON:cjm] comment: TODO - find a home for: FMA:24139 synonym: "bones of upper limb" EXACT [] synonym: "fore limb skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb skeleton" EXACT [VHOG:0001256] synonym: "free upper limb skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24142] synonym: "ossa membri superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24139, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of bones of upper limb" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of forelimb" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24142] synonym: "skeleton of pectoral limb" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24139] synonym: "upper limb skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002222] xref: AAO:0000202 xref: EHDAA2:0002222 xref: FMA:24142 xref: VHOG:0001256 xref: VSAO:0000151 xref: XAO:0003061 is_a: UBERON:0004381 ! skeleton of limb is_a: UBERON:0007272 ! pectoral appendage skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 {source="FMA"} ! forelimb relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000202", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal structure of the paired, anterior appendages.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000202", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: has_no_connections_with UBERON:0001441 property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001256", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001441 name: hindlimb skeleton def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb region." [UBERON:cjm] comment: TOOD - find a home for: FMA:24140 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bones of lower limb" EXACT [] synonym: "free lower limb skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24144] synonym: "hind limb skeleton" EXACT [XAO:0003062] synonym: "hind-limb skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0000152] synonym: "hindlimb skeleton" EXACT [VHOG:0001255] synonym: "lower limb skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "ossa membri inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24140, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of bones of lower limb" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24144] synonym: "skeleton of lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24140] xref: AAO:0000217 xref: EHDAA2:0002226 xref: FMA:24144 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZcKkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0001255 xref: VSAO:0000152 xref: XAO:0003062 is_a: UBERON:0004381 ! skeleton of limb is_a: UBERON:0007273 ! pelvic appendage skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 {source="FMA"} ! hindlimb relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from lateral plate mesoderm (AAO:0010574) CHANGED TO: develops_from lateral plate mesoderm (UBERON:0003081)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000217", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal structure of the paired, posterior appendages.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000217", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001255", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001442 name: skeleton of manus def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a manus; here 'manus' includes both the wrist region and hand proper." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "anterior autopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005020, VSAO:NI] synonym: "anterior autopodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "bones of hand" EXACT [FMA:24159] synonym: "fore autopod skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb autopod skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "hand region skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002227] synonym: "hand skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24159] synonym: "manus" RELATED [VSAO:0005020, VSAO:NI] synonym: "manus skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "ossa manus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24159, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of bones of hand" EXACT [FMA:24159] synonym: "skeleton of hand" EXACT [FMA:24159] xref: EHDAA2:0002227 xref: FMA:24159 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdHPJJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VSAO:0005020 is_a: UBERON:0006717 ! skeleton of autopod relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 {source="EHDAA2"} ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0001443 name: chest def: "Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the neck by the plane of the superior thoracic aperture and from the abdomen internally by the inferior surface of the diaphragm and externally by the costal margin and associated with the thoracic vertebral column and ribcage and from the back of the thorax by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines; together with the abdomen and the perineum, it constitutes the trunk proper[FMA]." [FMA:9576, Wikipedia:Chest] comment: editor note - FMA:24216 present in FMA1, but gone in subsequent versions subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior chest" EXACT [FMA:24816] synonym: "anterior thoracic region" EXACT [] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [] synonym: "front of chest" EXACT [FMA:24816] synonym: "front of thorax" EXACT [] synonym: "pectus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24816, FMA:TA] synonym: "thoracic body wall" RELATED [MA:0000031] synonym: "thorax" RELATED [FMA:9576] synonym: "thorax" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Chest] synonym: "ventral part of thoracic region" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001368 xref: EFO:0000965 xref: EV:0100010 xref: FMA:9576 xref: GAID:91 xref: galen:Chest xref: galen:Thorax xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Chest.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Chest.jpg/200px-Chest.jpg xref: MA:0000031 xref: MAT:0000295 xref: MESH:A.01.911 xref: MIAA:0000295 xref: ncithesaurus:Chest xref: ncithesaurus:Thorax xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVikFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0009569 {source="FMA-modified"} ! subdivision of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! thoracic segment of trunk property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000916 [Term] id: UBERON:0001444 name: subdivision of head comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: non_informative synonym: "head region" EXACT [] synonym: "head subdivision" EXACT [] synonym: "region of head" EXACT [] xref: FMA:24218 xref: SCTID:123852005 xref: XAO:0000040 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0001445 name: skeleton of pes def: "Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a pes; here 'pes' includes both the ankle region and foot proper." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "foot region skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002228] synonym: "foot skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24222] synonym: "pes" RELATED [VSAO:0005021, VSAO:NI] synonym: "pes skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior autopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005021, VSAO:NI] synonym: "posterior autopodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "set of bones of foot" EXACT [FMA:24222] synonym: "skeleton of foot" EXACT [FMA:24222] xref: EHDAA2:0002228 xref: FMA:24222 xref: VSAO:0005021 is_a: UBERON:0006717 ! skeleton of autopod relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 {source="EHDAA2"} ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0001446 name: fibula def: "The major postaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Fibula] subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0000891 xref: BTO:0002346 xref: EFO:0003052 xref: EMAPA:18512 xref: EMAPA:19141 xref: FMA:24479 xref: GAID:202 xref: galen:Fibula xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Illu_lower_extremity.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Illu_lower_extremity.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity.jpg xref: MA:0001360 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.500.321 xref: ncithesaurus:Fibula xref: SCTID:302529003 is_a: UBERON:0003608 ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0004251 ! lower leg bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010851 ! fibula cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: postaxial_part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton property_value: external_definition "One of the two long bones of endochondral origin of the hind-epipodium; it is a rather more slender bone than the tibia but of about the same length.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000891", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001447 name: tarsal bone def: "A bone that is part of the tarsal skeleton. Examples: calcaneus, talus, centralia." [UBERON:cjm] comment: In primitive tetrapods, such as Trematops, the tarsus consists of three rows of bones. There are three proximal tarsals, the tibiale, intermedium, and fibulare, named for their points of articulation with the bones of the lower limb. These are followed by a second row of four bones, referred to as the centralia (singular: centrale), and then a row of five distal tarsals, each articulating with a single metatarsal. In the great majority of tetrapods, including all of those alive today, this simple pattern is modified by the loss and fusion of various of the bones.[3] In reptiles and mammals, there are normally just two proximal tarsals, the calcaneus (equivalent to the amphibian fibulare) and the talus (probably derived from a fusion of multiple bones). In mammals, including humans, the talus forms a hinge joint with the tibia, a feature especially well developed in the artiodactyls. The calcaneus is also modified, forming a heel for the attachment of the Achilles tendon. Neither of these adaptations is found in reptiles, which have a relatively simple structure to both bones.[3] The fifth distal tarsal disappears relatively early in evolution, with the remainder becoming the cuneiform and cuboid bones. Reptiles usually retain two centralia, while mammals typically have only one (the navicular).[3] In birds, the tarsus has disappeared, with the proximal tarsals having fused with the tibia, the centralia having disappeared, and the distal bones having fused with the metatarsals to form a single tarsometatarsus bone, effectively giving the leg a third segment[Wikipedia:Tarsus_(skeleton)] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ankle bone" EXACT [FMA:24491] synonym: "bone of ankle" EXACT [FMA:24491] synonym: "bone of tarsus" EXACT [FMA:24491] synonym: "bony tarsus" RELATED [BTO:0002343] synonym: "hind mesopodium" RELATED [AAO:0000220] synonym: "ossa tarsalia" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:71339, FMA:TA] synonym: "ossa tarsi" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:71339, FMA:TA] synonym: "tarsal" RELATED [BTO:0002343] synonym: "tarsus osseus" RELATED [BTO:0002343] xref: BTO:0002343 xref: FMA:24491 xref: GAID:194 xref: galen:TarsalBone xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/200px-Ankle_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000297 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.300.710 xref: ncithesaurus:Tarsal_Bone xref: SCTID:108372004 is_a: UBERON:0003656 ! mesopodium bone is_a: UBERON:0005899 ! pes bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010541 ! tarsus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001448 name: metatarsal bone def: "The metatarsus or metatarsal bones are a group of five long bones in the pes located between the tarsal bones of the hind- and mid-pes and the phalanges of the toes. Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (side of big toe): the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal. The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the manus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metatarsal_bone] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "ossa metatarsalia" RELATED [BTO:0002347] synonym: "ossa metatarsi" RELATED [BTO:0002347] xref: BTO:0002347 xref: FMA:24492 xref: GAID:193 xref: galen:Metatarsal xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png xref: MA:0000303 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.300.492 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone xref: SCTID:302532000 is_a: UBERON:0003608 ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0003821 ! metacarpal/metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0005899 ! pes bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000983 intersection_of: UBERON:0003821 ! metacarpal/metatarsal bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region relationship: part_of UBERON:0010545 ! metatarsus skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001449 name: phalanx of pes alt_id: UBERON:0004272 def: "A phalanx that is part of a hindlimb autopod[Obol]." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "digital bone of pes" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot phalanx" EXACT [MA:0000305] synonym: "pedal phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanges of hind digit" RELATED PLURAL [AAO:0000930] synonym: "phalanx of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hind digit" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanx of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:24493] synonym: "toe phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0000930 xref: FMA:24493 xref: MA:0000305 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Phalanx xref: ncithesaurus:Phalanx_of_the_Foot xref: SCTID:302533005 is_a: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003608 ! hindlimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0004248 ! pedal digit bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010685 ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0010696 ! skeleton of posterior acropodium property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that make the five digits of the pes. The terminal phalanges are much smaller than the proximal and penultimate phalanges. The typical phalangeal formula of the pes, in a medial to lateral sequence, is 2(1)-2-3-4(3)-3(2).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000930", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001450 name: calcaneus def: "The postaxial bone of the proximal tarsals series[Phenoscape]." [PHENOSCAPE:mah, Wikipedia:Calcaneus] comment: synonymous with the fibulare of basal tetrapods. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "astragalus" RELATED HOMOLOGY [AAO:0000913] synonym: "calcaneal bone" EXACT [BTO:0002355] synonym: "calcaneum" EXACT [MA:0001348] synonym: "fibulare" EXACT [AAO:0000913, ISBN10:0073040584, VSAO:0005016, Wikipedia:Calcaneus] synonym: "os calcis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24496] synonym: "os tarsi fibulare" RELATED [BTO:0002355] xref: AAO:0000913 xref: BTO:0002355 xref: EMAPA:18501 xref: EMAPA:19134 xref: FMA:24496 xref: galen:Calcaneum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Subtalar_Joint.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Subtalar_Joint.PNG/200px-Subtalar_Joint.PNG xref: MA:0001348 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.300.710.300 xref: ncithesaurus:Calcaneum xref: SCTID:182099002 xref: VSAO:0005016 is_a: UBERON:0011679 ! proximal tarsal bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010842 ! calcaneum cartilage condensation relationship: postaxial_part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton property_value: external_definition "One of two element that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The fibulare constitutes the preaxial element. In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounded, whereas in anurans it is an elongate, cylindrical bone with the proximal and distal heads fused to the heads of the tibiale.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000913", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001451 name: navicular bone of pes def: "The navicular bone is one of the tarsal bones, found in the pes. It is located on the medial side of the pes, and articulates proximally with the talus, distally with the three cuneiform bones, and occasionally laterally with the cuboid[WP]." [Wikipedia:Navicular_bone] comment: taxon notes: connections vary depending on species. AAO: Oval tarsal element that is located on the center of the mesopodium. It articulates with all other elements of the tarsus except tarsal 5. In humans: there is a cuboid instead of distal tarsal 4 and 5 - may articulate laterally with the cuboid[WP]. TODO - add correct VSAO xref (currently broken) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central tarsal bone" RELATED [] synonym: "centrale" RELATED [] synonym: "centrale (hind)" EXACT [AAO:0000924] synonym: "navicular" EXACT [] synonym: "navicular bone of foot" EXACT [FMA:24499] synonym: "navicular of foot" EXACT [FMA:24499] synonym: "navicular of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "os naviculare" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24499, FMA:TA] synonym: "os naviculare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Navicular_bone] synonym: "os naviculare pedis" EXACT [BTO:0002356] xref: AAO:0000924 xref: BTO:0002356 xref: FMA:24499 xref: galen:Navicular xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray276.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray276.png/200px-Gray276.png xref: MA:0001349 xref: ncithesaurus:Navicular_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv67esJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182100005 is_a: UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0010721 {notes="numbers vary"} ! distal tarsal bone relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002395 ! talus property_value: external_definition "Oval tarsal element that is located on the center of the mesopodium. It articulates with all other elements of the tarsus except tarsal 5.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000924", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001452 name: distal tarsal bone 1 def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 1." [VSAO:0005052, Wikipedia:Medial_cuneiform_bone] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuneiforme 1" EXACT [VSAO:0005052] synonym: "distal tarsal 1" EXACT [VSAO:0005052] synonym: "entocuneiforme" EXACT [VSAO:0005052] synonym: "first cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24518] synonym: "foot distal carpal bone 1" RELATED [] synonym: "medial cuneiform" EXACT [FMA:24518] synonym: "medial cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24518] synonym: "os cuneiforme mediale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "os cuneiforme mediale, os cuneiform primum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "os cuneiforme primum" RELATED [BTO:0002360] synonym: "ossa cuneiforme mediale" RELATED [BTO:0002360] synonym: "tarsal 1" EXACT [AAO:0000918] xref: AAO:0000918 xref: BTO:0002360 xref: FMA:24518 xref: galen:MedialCuneiform xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/images/450x218xEctocuneiform.gif.pagespeed.ic.kaiuLYQELL.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray290.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray290.png/200px-Gray290.png xref: MA:0001352 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Cuneiform_Bone_of_the_Foot xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYtfH5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182116007 xref: VSAO:0005052 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates with the prehallux, metatarsal I and element Y. It may be fused to tarsal 2.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000918", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001453 name: distal tarsal bone 2 def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 2." [VSAO:0005053, Wikipedia:Intermediate_cuneiform_bone] comment: The intermediate cuneiform (also known as second cuneiform / middle cuneiform) is shaped like a wedge, the thin end pointing downwards. It is situated between the other two cuneiforms (the medial and lateral cuneiforms), and articulates with the navicular posteriorly, the second metatarsal anteriorly and with the other cuneiforms on either side. [WP,unvetted] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuneiforme 2" EXACT [VSAO:0005053] synonym: "distal tarsal 2" EXACT [VSAO:0005053] synonym: "foot distal carpal bone 2" RELATED [] synonym: "intermediate cuneiform" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate cuneiform bone" RELATED [FMA:24519] synonym: "mesocuneiforme" EXACT [VSAO:0005053] synonym: "middle cuneiform" EXACT [] synonym: "os cuneiforme intermedium" RELATED [BTO:0002359] synonym: "os cuneiforme intermedium, os cuneiforme secundum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intermediate_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "os cuneiforme secundum" RELATED [BTO:0002359] synonym: "second cuneiform bone" EXACT [] synonym: "second cuneiform bone of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "tarsal 2" EXACT [AAO:0000919] xref: AAO:0000919 xref: BTO:0002359 xref: FMA:24519 xref: galen:IntermediateCuneiform xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png xref: MA:0001353 xref: SCTID:179512006 xref: VSAO:0005053 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal II. It may be fused to tarsal 1 or to tarsal 3.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000919", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001454 name: distal tarsal bone 3 def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 3." [VSAO:0005054, Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone] comment: The lateral cuneiform (also known as third cuneiform / external cuneiform) intermediate in size between the other two cuneiform bones, is also wedge-shaped, the base being uppermost. It occupies the center of the front row of the tarsal bones, between the second cuneiform medially, the cuboid laterally, the navicular posteriorly and the third metatarsal in front. [WP,unvetted] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuneiforme 3" EXACT [VSAO:0005054] synonym: "distal tarsal 3" EXACT [VSAO:0005054] synonym: "ectocuneiforme" EXACT [VSAO:0005054] synonym: "foor distal carpal bone 3" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral cuneiform" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24520] synonym: "os cuneiforme laterale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "os cuneiforme tertium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_cuneiform_bone] synonym: "ossa cuneiforme laterale" RELATED [BTO:0002358] synonym: "tarsal 3" EXACT [AAO:0000920] synonym: "third cuneiform bone" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000920 xref: BTO:0002358 xref: FMA:24520 xref: galen:LateralCuneiform xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png xref: MA:0001354 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvoLPu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182117003 xref: VSAO:0005054 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes property_value: external_comment "In some types, the cuneiform is found as two or three bones, in which case the more anterior ('dorsal' in dorsal/plantar terminology) is the ectocuneiform, while the more posterior or plantar bones are the mesocuneiform and entocuneiform.[Palaeos]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", source="http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html"} property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal III. It may be fused to tarsal 2.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000920", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001455 name: cuboid bone def: "A tarsal bone that is formed from distal tarsals 4 and 5. In the human body, the cuboid bone is one of the seven tarsal bones of the pes. [WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Cuboid_bone] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuboid" EXACT [] synonym: "cuboideum" EXACT [] synonym: "foot distal carpal bone 4 and 5" RELATED [] synonym: "os cuboideum" EXACT [BTO:0002357] synonym: "os cuboideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cuboid_bone] xref: BTO:0002357 xref: FMA:24527 xref: galen:Cuboid xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Gray274.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Gray274.png/200px-Gray274.png xref: MA:0001355 xref: ncithesaurus:Cuboid_Bone xref: SCTID:182101009 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001456 name: face def: "Subdivision of head which consists of the facial skeleton and all layers superficial to it[FMA,modified]." [FMA:24728, Wikipedia:Face] comment: The face develops from outward growth of tissue located rostral to the cranium & pharynx. The lower jaw and most of the upper jaw are formed by growth of the first pharyngeal (branchial) arch. The upper incisor region and the nose and forehead (frontal region) are formed from tissue located rostral to the neural tube (frontonasal prominence)[vanat.cvm.umn.edu/TFFlectPDFs/LectFaceDevelop.pdf] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "facia/facies" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Face] synonym: "visage" RELATED [BTO:0003369] xref: BTO:0003369 xref: FMA:24728 xref: GAID:64 xref: galen:Face xref: HAO:0000316 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Mona_Lisa_headcrop.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mona_Lisa_headcrop.jpg/200px-Mona_Lisa_headcrop.jpg xref: MA:0002473 xref: MESH:A.01.456.505 xref: ncithesaurus:Face xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi5GZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302549007 is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head [Term] id: UBERON:0001457 name: skin of eyelid def: "A zone of skin that is part of a eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "blepharon zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "eyelid skin" EXACT [] synonym: "eyelid zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:24760 xref: MA:0001256 xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelid_Skin xref: SCTID:245947005 is_a: UBERON:1000021 ! skin of face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0001458 name: skin of lip def: "A zone of skin that is part of a lip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lip skin" EXACT [] synonym: "lip zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:24764 xref: MA:0001579 xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Lip xref: SCTID:244092005 is_a: UBERON:0001084 ! skin of head is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001833 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip [Term] id: UBERON:0001459 name: skin of external ear def: "A zone of skin that is part of a external ear [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "auricular region of head zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auricular region zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ear skin" EXACT [] synonym: "external ear skin" EXACT [] synonym: "external ear zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outer ear zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of auricular region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of auricular region of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of external ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of outer ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:24775 xref: MA:0001233 xref: ncithesaurus:Ear_Skin xref: SCTID:244073008 is_a: UBERON:0001084 ! skin of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0001460 name: arm def: "The part of the forelimb extending from the shoulder to the autopod[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Arm] comment: This class refers to the combination of the stylopod and zeugopod of a forelimb. Sometimes (cf FMA), 'arm' denotes the stylopod only; sometimes (cf MA), 'arm' denotes the part of the forelimb covering both (i.e. shoulder to hand). Also note distinction between arm and forelimb: hand is part of forelimb, but not part of arm. Editor note: currently declared as overlapping hand, as AOs disagree over whether some wrist parts are in the arm or hand subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arm] synonym: "upper extremity" RELATED [MESH:A.01.378.800] xref: BTO:0001435 xref: EFO:0001410 xref: EHDAA2:0000140 xref: EHDAA:4164 xref: EHDAA:6210 xref: EHDAA:8275 xref: EMAPA:17413 xref: GAID:52 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Upperarm.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Upperarm.jpg/200px-Upperarm.jpg xref: MA:0000033 xref: MESH:A.01.378.800 xref: MESH:A.01.378.800.075 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjp5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0000339 is_a: UBERON:0006058 ! multi-limb segment region relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000339", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001461 name: elbow def: "The elbow is the region surrounding the elbow-joint—the ginglymus or hinge joint in the middle of the arm. Three bones form the elbow joint: the humerus of the upper arm, and the paired radius and ulna of the forearm. The bony prominence at the very tip of the elbow is the olecranon process of the ulna, and the inner aspect of the elbow is called the antecubital fossa. [WP,unvetted,human-specific]." [Wikipedia:Elbow] comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio cubiti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Elbow] synonym: "cubital region" EXACT [] synonym: "elbow limb segment" EXACT [] synonym: "elbow region" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0003069 xref: EHDAA2:0000429 xref: EHDAA:4166 xref: EHDAA:6212 xref: EMAPA:17414 xref: FMA:24901 xref: GAID:54 xref: galen:Elbow xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Elbow_coude.JPG xref: MA:0000036 xref: MESH:A.01.378.800.420 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjNZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:76248009 xref: VHOG:0000340 is_a: UBERON:0008785 ! upper limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 {source="EHDAA2"} ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0001463 name: manual digit 1 def: "1st (lateral-most) digit of the manus[Wikipedia]." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2553264, Wikipedia:Thumb] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "alula" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Alula] synonym: "digit 1 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17429] synonym: "digit 1 of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "digitus 1" EXACT [] synonym: "digitus primus" EXACT [] synonym: "finger 1" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000511] synonym: "first digit of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "fore digit I" EXACT [AAO:0010639] synonym: "hand digit 1" EXACT [MA:0000454] synonym: "manual digit 1" EXACT [] synonym: "pollex" EXACT [] synonym: "pollex, digitus primus, digitus I" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thumb] synonym: "pollex; digitus primus [I]" EXACT [] synonym: "thumb" NARROW SENSU [] xref: AAO:0010639 xref: EHDAA2:0000511 xref: EMAPA:17429 xref: FMA:24938 xref: GAID:58 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Thumbs_up.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Thumb-up.jpg/200px-Thumb-up.jpg xref: MA:0000454 xref: MESH:A.01.378.800.667.430.705 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_1 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjVbpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302540006 is_a: UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit is_a: UBERON:0006048 ! digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0006048 ! digit 1 intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0001464 name: hip def: "The hip region is located lateral to the gluteal region (i.e. the buttock), inferior to the iliac crest, and overlying the greater trochanter of the thigh bone. In adults, three of the bones of the pelvis have fused into the hip bone which forms part of the hip region. The hip joint, scientifically referred to as the acetabulofemoral joint (art. coxae), is the joint between the femur and acetabulum of the pelvis and its primary function is to support the weight of the body in both static (e.g. standing) and dynamic (e.g. walking or running) postures. [WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Hip] comment: AO notes. See notes for shoulder. in BTO this is part of the abdomen - this creates an inconsistency if limb and abdomen are spatially disjoint subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coxa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hip] synonym: "hip region" EXACT [FMA:24964] synonym: "regio coxae" EXACT [FMA:24964] xref: BTO:0001457 xref: EFO:0001929 xref: EHDAA2:0000783 xref: EHDAA:5153 xref: EHDAA:6178 xref: EMAPA:17490 xref: FMA:24964 xref: GAID:47 xref: galen:Hip xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Hip.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Hip.jpg/200px-Hip.jpg xref: MA:0000045 xref: MESH:A.01.378.610.400 xref: ncithesaurus:Hip xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjhy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302543008 xref: VHOG:0000346 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001271 {source="FMA-modified"} ! pelvic girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex property_value: homology_notes "The pelvic girdle is never joined by contributions of dermal bone. From its first appearance in placoderms, the pelvic girdle is exclusively endoskeletal. It arose from pterygiophores, perhaps several times, in support of the fin.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000346", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.333", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001465 name: knee def: "A segment of the hindlimb that corresponds to the joint connecting a hindlimb stylopod and zeugopod." [UBERON:cjm] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "knee region" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003595 xref: EFO:0001957 xref: EHDAA2:0000895 xref: EHDAA:5159 xref: EHDAA:6184 xref: EMAPA:17493 xref: FMA:24974 xref: GAID:48 xref: galen:Knee xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Male_Knee_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/200px-Male_Knee_by_David_Shankbone.jpg xref: MA:0000046 xref: MESH:A.01.378.610.450 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjPKZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361291001 xref: VHOG:0000347 is_a: UBERON:0008784 ! lower limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0001466 name: pedal digit alt_id: UBERON:0000027 def: "A digit that is part_of a hindlimb[Obol]." [Wikipedia:Toe] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "digit of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digiti pedis" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:70664, FMA:TA] synonym: "digiti pedis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Toe] synonym: "digitipedis" RELATED [BTO:0002348] synonym: "digitus pedis" EXACT [] synonym: "foot digit" EXACT [MA:0000048] synonym: "hind digit" EXACT [XAO:0003035] synonym: "hind_digit" EXACT [AAO:0000888] synonym: "hindlimb digit" EXACT [] synonym: "toe" EXACT [FMA:25046] xref: AAO:0000888 xref: BTO:0002348 xref: FMA:25046 xref: GAID:44 xref: galen:Toe xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Toes.jpg xref: MA:0000048 xref: ncithesaurus:Toe xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjCHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:116667001 xref: XAO:0003035 is_a: UBERON:0002544 ! digit is_a: UBERON:0008784 ! lower limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0002544 ! digit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes property_value: external_definition "One of the toes of the pes.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000888", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001467 name: shoulder def: "In human anatomy, the shoulder joint comprises the part of the body where the humerus attaches to the scapula. The shoulder refers to the group of structures in the region of the joint. It is made up of three bones: the clavicle (collarbone), the scapula (shoulder blade), and the humerus (upper arm bone) as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the shoulder joints. There are two kinds of cartilage in the joint. The first type is the white cartilage on the ends of the bones (called articular cartilage) which allows the bones to glide and move on each other. When this type of cartilage starts to wear out (a process called arthritis), the joint becomes painful and stiff. The labrum is a second kind of cartilage in the shoulder which is distinctly different from the articular cartilage. This cartilage is more fibrous or rigid than the cartilage on the ends of the ball and socket. Also, this cartilage is also found only around the socket where it is attached. The shoulder must be flexible for the wide range of motion required in the arms and hands and also strong enough to allow for actions such as lifting, pushing and pulling. The compromise between these two functions results in a large number of shoulder problems not faced by other joints such as the hip. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Shoulder] comment: AO notes: In FMA, the shoulder is part of the pectoral girdle region. in MA, shoulder structures like shoulder joints, bones, nerves etc are part of the shoulder and the forelimb. E.g. humerus is a shoulder bone subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Shoulder] synonym: "shoulder region" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0003068 xref: EHDAA2:0001834 xref: EHDAA:4180 xref: EHDAA:6228 xref: EMAPA:17421 xref: FMA:25202 xref: GAID:60 xref: galen:Shoulder xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Shoulderjoint.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Shoulderjoint.PNG/200px-Shoulderjoint.PNG xref: MA:0000038 xref: MESH:A.01.378.800.750 xref: ncithesaurus:Shoulder xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCM5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361103004 xref: VHOG:0000342 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001421 {source="FMA-modified"} ! pectoral girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex property_value: homology_notes " (...) endochondral elements of the early tetrapod shoulder develop from two centers of ossification, giving rise to a scapula and a 'coracoid'.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000342", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.332", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001468 name: intervertebral joint def: "The joint between adjacent vertebral bodies. May be composed of the nucleus pulposus, annular ligament, and the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=87401] comment: AO notes: FMA has 'intervertebral joint' as a GAT, and has two distinct classes 'intervertebral symphysis' and 'intervertebral syndesmosis', but note that the latter do not connect the centra synonym: "inter-centrum joint" EXACT [] synonym: "inter-vertebral joint" EXACT [] synonym: "intervertebral symphysis" EXACT [FMA:25511] synonym: "joint of vertebral body" EXACT [FMA:25511] synonym: "vertebral joint" BROAD [] xref: FMA:25511 xref: MA:0001514 xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Joint xref: SCTID:244512000 is_a: UBERON:0002216 {source="FMA"} ! symphysis relationship: connects UBERON:0001075 {cardinality="2"} ! body of vertebra relationship: connects UBERON:0001075 {notes="connects successive pairs of centra"} ! body of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 {source="FMA"} ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0001469 name: sternoclavicular joint def: "The sternoclavicular articulation is a double arthrodial joint composed of two portions separated by an articular disc. The parts entering into its formation are the sternal end of the clavicle, the upper and lateral part of the manubrium sterni, and the cartilage of the first rib, visible from the outside as the suprasternal notch. The articular surface of the clavicle is much larger than that of the sternum, and is invested with a layer of cartilage, which is considerably thicker than that on the latter bone. The ligaments of this joint are: Articular capsule Anterior sternoclavicular ligament Posterior sternoclavicular ligament Interclavicular ligament Costoclavicular ligament Articular disk [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sternoclavicular_articulation] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio sternoclavicularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sternoclavicular_articulation] synonym: "sterno clavicular joint" EXACT [] synonym: "sternoclavicular" BROAD [Wikipedia:Sternoclavicular_articulation] synonym: "sternoclavicular articulation" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sternoclavicular_articulation] xref: EMAPA:19203 xref: FMA:25883 xref: GAID:270 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Gray325.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Gray325.png/200px-Gray325.png xref: MA:0001507 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.781 xref: ncithesaurus:Sternoclavicular_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv_eLJZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwI-ZZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182165002 is_a: UBERON:0011108 {source="FMA"} ! synovial joint of pectoral girdle is_a: UBERON:0011965 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="Wikipedia"} ! saddle joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000975 relationship: connects UBERON:0001105 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000975 ! sternum intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: connects UBERON:0000975 {notes="clavicular notch of the manubrium sterni"} ! sternum relationship: connects UBERON:0000975 ! sternum relationship: connects UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: connects UBERON:0001105 {notes="sternal end of the clavicle and first rib"} ! clavicle [Term] id: UBERON:0001470 name: glenohumeral joint def: "The glenohumeral joint, commonly known as the shoulder joint, is a multiaxial synovial ball and socket joint and involves articulation between the glenoid fossa of the scapula (shoulder blade) and the head of the humerus (upper arm bone). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Glenohumeral_joint] comment: AO notes: in FMA, this is part of the bony pectoral girdle, alongside the skeleton of pectoral girdle. Editor notes: note that in this ontology 'glenoid fossa' is a cavity (consistent with FMA) - consider adding a class for the surface of the scapula that is adjacent to this cavity, and making a more explicit connects relationship subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio humeri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:25912, FMA:TA] synonym: "articulatio humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Glenohumeral_joint] synonym: "humeral joint" EXACT [FMA:25912] synonym: "humeroscapular joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Glenohumeral_joint] synonym: "joint of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "shoulder joint" EXACT [MA:0000459] xref: EMAPA:19105 xref: FMA:25912 xref: GAID:269 xref: galen:ShoulderJoint xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray327.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Gray327.png/200px-Gray327.png xref: MA:0000459 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.748 xref: ncithesaurus:Shoulder_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP32BZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182168000 xref: VHOG:0001002 is_a: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 relationship: connects UBERON:0006849 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006657 ! glenoid fossa relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: connects UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006292 {evidence="definitional"} ! shoulder joint primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0001471 name: skin of prepuce of penis def: "A zone of skin that is part of a prepuce of penis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "foreskin of penis" EXACT [] synonym: "foreskin zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "penile prepuce zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "penis foreskin" EXACT [] synonym: "prepuce of penis zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prepuce zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preputial skin" EXACT [] synonym: "zone of skin of foreskin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of penile prepuce" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of prepuce" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of prepuce of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EV:0100109 xref: FMA:27648 xref: MA:0001744 xref: SCTID:39059001 xref: VHOG:0001342 is_a: UBERON:0001331 ! skin of penis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001332 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001332 ! prepuce of penis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001332 ! prepuce of penis [Term] id: UBERON:0001472 name: vaginal venous plexus def: "The vaginal plexuses are placed at the sides of the vagina; they communicate with the uterine, vesical, and hemorrhoidal plexuses, and are drained by the vaginal veins, one on either side, into the hypogastric veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vaginal_venous_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "plexus venosus vaginalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vaginal_venous_plexus] synonym: "venous vaginal plexus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:29713 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Gray589.png/200px-Gray589.png xref: MA:0002257 xref: SCTID:294653003 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001593 ! venous plexus is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0006876 ! vasculature of organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0001593 ! venous plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0001473 name: lymphatic vessel def: "A vessel that contains or conveys lymph, that originates as an interfibrillar or intercellular cleft or space in a tissue or organ, and that if small has no distinct walls or walls composed only of endothelial cells and if large resembles a vein in structure[BTO]." [BTO:0000752, Wikipedia:Lymphatic_vessel] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lymph vessel" EXACT [] synonym: "vas lymphaticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lymphatic_vessel] xref: AAO:0011005 xref: BTO:0000752 xref: EFO:0000873 xref: FMA:30315 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Illu_lymph_capillary.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Illu_lymph_capillary.jpg/200px-Illu_lymph_capillary.jpg xref: MA:0000138 xref: MAT:0000443 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphatic_Vessel xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwA1fYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279089004 xref: TAO:0005105 xref: VHOG:0001249 xref: XAO:0000375 is_a: UBERON:0000055 ! vessel disjoint_from: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: has_part UBERON:0002391 ! lymph relationship: part_of UBERON:0004536 ! lymph vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0006558 ! lymphatic part of lymphoid system property_value: external_definition "A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005105", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "A vessel that contains or conveys lymph.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011005", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "Tetrapods have evolved distinct lymphatic systems, in which lymphatic capillaries help drain most of the tissues of the body.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001249", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.627", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001474 name: bone def: "Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000057, Wikipedia:Bone] comment: Alternate definition: Organ with cavitated organ parts, which primarily consists of compact (cortical) and cancellous bone, which surround bone marrow cavities; together with other bones, cartilages and joints, it constitutes the skeletal system. Examples: femur, sternum, maxilla, vertebra, talus[FMA] subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bone element" EXACT [VSAO:0000057] synonym: "bone organ" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000047 xref: AEO:0000082 xref: BTO:0000140 xref: EFO:0000298 xref: EHDAA2:0003082 xref: ENVO:00002039 xref: EV:0100140 xref: FMA:30317 xref: FMA:5018 xref: GAID:92 xref: galen:Bone xref: MA:0001459 xref: MAT:0000299 xref: MIAA:0000299 xref: ncithesaurus:Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViDlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkCG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:272673000 xref: TAO:0001514 xref: VHOG:0001190 xref: VSAO:0000057 xref: XAO:0000169 xref: ZFA:0001514 is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element disjoint_from: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ disjoint_from: UBERON:0005090 ! muscle structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0010538 ! limb/fin segment relationship: has_part UBERON:0002481 {source="VSAO"} ! bone tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000047", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Also called osseous tissue, (Latin: os). Is a type of hard endoskeletal connective tissue found in many vertebrate animals. Bone is the main tissue of body organs that support body structures, protect internal organs, (in conjunction with muscles) facilitate movement; and are involved with cell formation, calcium metabolism, and mineral storage.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000047", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue which is calcified connective tissue making up the structural elements of the skeletal system.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001514", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000057", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: homology_notes "The 'new animal phylogeny' reveals that many of the groups known to biomineralize sit among close relatives that do not, and it favours an interpretation of convergent or parallel evolution for biomineralization in animals. (...) Whether this 'biomineralization toolkit'of genes reflects a parallel co-option of a common suite of genes or the inheritance of a skeletogenic gene regulatory network from a biomineralizing common ancestor remains an open debate.[debated][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001190", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1159/000324245 Murdock DJ, Donoghue PC, Evolutionary Origins of Animal Skeletal Biomineralization. Cells Tissues Organs (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001015 property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001630 property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002385 [Term] id: UBERON:0001475 name: obsolete ligament comment: made obsolete as it incorrectly grouped classes is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0000211 consider: UBERON:0002360 [Term] id: UBERON:0001476 name: deltoid def: "A muscle of shoulder which attaches to the scapula, clavicle and humerus.[FMA]" [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle] comment: We use a generic definition that includes the deltoideus as represented in AAO: 'Muscle which originates as three heads, the pars externalis, pars clavicularis, and pars scapularis. The pars externalis originates from the lateral border of the omosternum and inserts on the distal portion of the humerus. The pars clavicularis originates from the ventro-lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The pars scapularis originates from the lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus'. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "common shoulder muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle] synonym: "deltoid muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle] synonym: "deltoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle] synonym: "deltoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle] synonym: "m. deltoideus" EXACT [AAO:0010716] synonym: "musculus deltoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle] synonym: "musculus deltoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deltoid_muscle] xref: AAO:0010716 xref: EFO:0001412 xref: EHDAA2:0000339 xref: EMAPA:18177 xref: FMA:32521 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Deltoideus.png xref: MA:0002286 xref: ncithesaurus:Deltoid xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjdc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181620007 xref: VHOG:0000846 is_a: UBERON:0001482 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of shoulder is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006849 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002498 {source="FMA"} ! deltoid tuberosity of humerus relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002036 {source="EHDAA2"} ! striated muscle tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006219 {source="EHDAA2"} ! deltoid pre-muscle mass relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001112 {source="dbpedia"} ! latissimus dorsi muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002498 {notes="deltoid tuberosity of humerus", source="dbpedia"} ! deltoid tuberosity of humerus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001493 {source="dbpedia"} ! axillary nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 {notes="the anterior border and upper surface of the lateral third of the clavicle acromion spine of the scapula", source="dbpedia"} ! clavicle relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001124 {notes="the anterior border and upper surface of the lateral third of the clavicle acromion spine of the scapula", source="dbpedia"} ! pectoral limb scapula relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002497 {notes="the anterior border and upper surface of the lateral third of the clavicle acromion spine of the scapula", source="dbpedia"} ! acromion relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle property_value: external_definition "Muscle which originates as three heads, the pars externalis, pars clavicularis, and pars scapularis. The pars externalis originates from the lateral border of the omosternum and inserts on the distal portion of the humerus. The pars clavicularis originates from the ventro-lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The pars scapularis originates from the lateral surface of the clavicle and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010716", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:MEJ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001477 name: infraspinatus muscle def: "The Infraspinatus muscle is a thick triangular muscle, which occupies the chief part of the infraspinatous fossa. The infraspinatus is a muscle of the rotator cuff. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Infraspinatus_muscle] comment: Taxon notes: The pectoral muscles — the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor — evolved from a primitive muscle sheet that connected the coracoid to the humerus. In late reptilians and early mammals, this muscle structure was displaced dorsally; while most of its components evolved into the pectoralis major, some fibers eventually attached to the scapula and evolved into the supraspinatus, the infraspinatus, and parts of the subscapularis.[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "infraspinatus" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus infraspinatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Infraspinatus_muscle] xref: EHDAA2:0000826 xref: EHDAA:8305 xref: EMAPA:18526 xref: FMA:32546 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png/200px-Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png xref: MA:0002323 xref: ncithesaurus:Infraspinatus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwVT4_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:277439009 xref: VHOG:0000921 is_a: UBERON:0001482 ! muscle of shoulder relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011187 {source="dbpedia", notes="middle facet of greater tubercle of the humerus"} ! greater tubercle of humerus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006849 {source="dbpedia", notes="infraspinous fossa of the scapula"} ! scapula relationship: part_of UBERON:0003683 {source="Wikipedia"} ! rotator cuff [Term] id: UBERON:0001478 name: teres major muscle def: "Teres major is a muscle of the upper limb and one of six scapulohumeral muscles. It is a thick but somewhat flattened muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Teres_major_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus teres major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Teres_major_muscle] synonym: "teres major" EXACT [MA:0002392] xref: EHDAA2:0002004 xref: EHDAA:8321 xref: EMAPA:19069 xref: EMAPA:19110 xref: FMA:32549 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png/200px-Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png xref: MA:0002392 xref: ncithesaurus:Teres_Major_Muscle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJZqBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:277444002 xref: VHOG:0000750 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010467 ! teres muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010988 {source="EHDAA2"} ! teres major pre-muscle mass relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 {notes="medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus", source="dbpedia"} ! humerus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007175 {source="dbpedia", notes="posterior aspect of the inferior angle of the scapula"} ! inferior angle of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0001479 name: sesamoid bone def: "Ossicle that develops within bands of dense, regular connective tissue (e.g., tendons and ligaments). Sesamoids are generally located proximate to a bony prominence, over which the dense regular connective tissue wraps, and/or a joint or articulation." [VSAO:0000137, Wikipedia:Sesamoid_bone] comment: Sesamoids are often endochondral replacement elements and in addition to bone tissue, may also be composed of articular cartilage, fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage, and calcified cartilage.[VSAO] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ossa sesamoidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sesamoid_bone] synonym: "sesamoid" EXACT [VSAO:0000137] xref: AEO:0000086 xref: EHDAA2:0003086 xref: FMA:32672 xref: GAID:210 xref: galen:SessamoidBone xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray350.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray350.png/200px-Gray350.png xref: MA:0001375 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.730 xref: ncithesaurus:Sesamoid_Bone xref: SCTID:362914002 xref: VSAO:0000137 is_a: UBERON:0010911 {source="VSAO"} ! ossicle relationship: develops_in UBERON:0007846 {source="VSAO"} ! dense regular connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0001480 name: proximal carpal bone xref: FMA:33302 xref: MA:0002557 xref: SCTID:306715004 is_a: UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010703 intersection_of: UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone intersection_of: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001481 name: distal carpal bone comment: Taxon notes: Primitively, each of the distal bones appears to have articulated with a single metacarpal[WP] synonym: "distal carpal" EXACT [AAO:0000847] xref: AAO:0000847 xref: FMA:33303 xref: MA:0002558 xref: SCTID:306716003 is_a: UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton property_value: external_definition "Series of elements that articulate with the metacarpals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000847", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001482 name: muscle of shoulder def: "A muscle organ that is part of a shoulder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "muscle organ of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "shoulder muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "shoulder muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:33531 xref: MA:0000633 is_a: UBERON:0010891 ! pectoral complex muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0001483 name: skin of shoulder def: "A zone of skin that is part of a shoulder region." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: Note in MA this is a subclass of forelimb skin, but this violates part-disjointness in Uberon synonym: "shoulder skin" EXACT [] synonym: "shoulder zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18059 xref: FMA:34830 xref: MA:0000635 xref: SCTID:244131002 is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0001484 name: articular capsule def: "An articular capsule (or joint capsule) is an envelope surrounding a synovial joint. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Articular_capsule] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "capsula articularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:34836, FMA:TA] synonym: "capsulae articulares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Articular_capsule] synonym: "fibrous capsule of joint" EXACT [] synonym: "joint capsule" EXACT [] synonym: "joint fibrous capsule" EXACT [] xref: FMA:34836 xref: GAID:263 xref: galen:JointCapsule xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Joint.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Gray299.png/200px-Gray299.png xref: MA:0001519 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.443 xref: ncithesaurus:Joint_Capsule xref: SCTID:182238002 is_a: UBERON:0000094 ! membrane organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint [Term] id: UBERON:0001485 name: knee joint def: "The knee joint joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two articulations: one between the femur and tibia, and one between the femur and patella. It is the largest and most complicated joint in the human body. The knee is a mobile trocho-ginglymus (i.e. a pivotal hinge joint), which permits flexion and extension as well as a slight medial and lateral rotation. Since in humans the knee supports nearly the whole weight of the body, it is the joint most vulnerable both to acute injury and the development of osteoarthritis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Knee] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio genus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Knee] synonym: "joint of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0001957 xref: EMAPA:19137 xref: FMA:35175 xref: GAID:114 xref: galen:KneeJoint xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Knee.agr.jpg xref: MA:0000471 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.475 xref: ncithesaurus:Knee_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCuaYZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182204005 xref: VHOG:0001003 is_a: UBERON:0004174 ! leg joint is_a: UBERON:0011139 ! synovial limb joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 relationship: connects UBERON:0002446 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002446 ! patella relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: connects UBERON:0002446 ! patella relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006256 {evidence="definitional"} ! knee joint primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee [Term] id: UBERON:0001486 name: hip joint def: "The hip joint is a synovial joint formed by the articulation of the rounded head of the femur and the cup-like acetabulum of the pelvis. It forms the primary connection between the bones of the lower limb and the axial skeleton of the trunk and pelvis. Both joint surfaces are covered with a strong but lubricated layer called articular hyaline cartilage. The cuplike acetabulum forms at the union of three pelvic bones — the ilium, pubis, and ischium." [Wikipedia:Hip#Articulation] comment: Alternate def - "The articulation between the femur and the innominate bone." [BTO:0001502] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio coxofemoralis" EXACT [FMA:35178] synonym: "coxal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hip] synonym: "femoro-iliac joint" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001502 xref: EMAPA:19136 xref: FMA:35178 xref: GAID:262 xref: galen:HipJoint xref: MA:0000470 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.411 xref: ncithesaurus:Hip_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP32b5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182201002 xref: VHOG:0001001 is_a: UBERON:0011107 {source="FMA"} ! synovial joint of pelvic girdle relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 relationship: connects UBERON:0001269 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: connects UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006244 {evidence="definitional"} ! hip joint primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 {source="FMA"} ! hip [Term] id: UBERON:0001487 name: joint of pes def: "A skeletal joint that is part of a pes [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO check FMA - use the set class for now synonym: "articulationes pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71349, FMA:TA] synonym: "foot joint" EXACT [] synonym: "hind limb autopod joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joints of foot" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:71349] synonym: "set of foot joints" EXACT [FMA:71349] synonym: "set of joints of foot" EXACT [FMA:71349] xref: FMA:35194 xref: FMA:71349 xref: GAID:256 xref: MA:0000464 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.378 xref: SCTID:244555001 is_a: UBERON:0003840 ! hindlimb joint is_a: UBERON:0003841 ! autopod joint is_a: UBERON:0011139 ! synovial limb joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0001488 name: ankle joint def: "A joint that connects the hindlimb autopod and zeugopod skeletons." [MESH:A.02.835.583.378.062, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Ankle] comment: Taxon notes: todo - accurately represent different types of ankle joint subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gambrel" NARROW [Wikipedia:Hock_(anatomy)] synonym: "hock" NARROW [Wikipedia:Hock_(anatomy)] synonym: "hock joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Hock_(anatomy)] synonym: "talocrural articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ankle] synonym: "talocrural joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ankle] synonym: "talotibial joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Ankle] xref: BTO:0004706 xref: EFO:0001409 xref: FMA:35195 xref: GAID:257 xref: galen:AnkleJoint xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/200px-Ankle_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000463 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.378.062 xref: ncithesaurus:Ankle_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvwiy35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182212002 is_a: UBERON:0001487 ! joint of pes relationship: connects UBERON:0001445 relationship: connects UBERON:0010720 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes intersection_of: connects UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! tibia relationship: connects UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes relationship: connects UBERON:0001446 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! fibula relationship: connects UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0001489 name: manus joint def: "A skeletal joint that is part of a manus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO check FMA - use the set class for now synonym: "articulationes manus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71345, FMA:TA] synonym: "hand joint" EXACT [] synonym: "joint of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "joint of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joints of hand" EXACT [FMA:71345] synonym: "set of joints of hand" EXACT [FMA:71345] xref: FMA:71345 xref: MA:0000452 xref: SCTID:244546004 is_a: UBERON:0003839 ! forelimb joint is_a: UBERON:0003841 ! autopod joint is_a: UBERON:0011139 ! synovial limb joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0001490 name: elbow joint def: "A joint that connects the forelimb zeugopod and stylopod skeletons[Obol]. In human anatomy, the elbow joint is a compound joint that actually comprises three separate joints: the joints connecting the upper and lower arm: 1) Articulatio humero-ulnaris and 2) Articulatio humero-radialis as well as the proximal joint connecting the forarm bones: 3) Articulatio radio-ulnaris proximalis[HP]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Elbow] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio cubiti" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "cubital region joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19102 xref: FMA:35289 xref: GAID:253 xref: galen:ElbowJoint xref: MA:0000451 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.290 xref: ncithesaurus:Elbow_Joint xref: SCTID:182169008 xref: VHOG:0000997 is_a: UBERON:0003839 ! forelimb joint is_a: UBERON:0011139 ! synovial limb joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 relationship: connects UBERON:0010703 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus intersection_of: connects UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: connects UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006224 {evidence="definitional"} ! elbow joint primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow [Term] id: UBERON:0001491 name: wrist joint def: "A joint connecting the forelimb zeugopod skeleton with the carpal skeleton." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=76834&atid=1205376, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Wrist] comment: AO notes: in FMA this includes radio-carpal and radio-ulnar *ligaments* subset: uberon_slim synonym: "carpal region joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of wrist" EXACT [] synonym: "radiocarpal joint" NARROW INCONSISTENT [FMA:35291] xref: EMAPA:19205 xref: GAID:274 xref: galen:WristJoint xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Human_wrist.png/200px-Human_wrist.png xref: MA:0000460 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.959 xref: ncithesaurus:Wrist_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZD2PJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182178002 is_a: UBERON:0001489 ! manus joint relationship: connects UBERON:0009880 relationship: connects UBERON:0010703 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton intersection_of: connects UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: connects UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton relationship: connects UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region [Term] id: UBERON:0001492 name: radial nerve def: "The radial nerve is a nerve in the human body that supplies the upper limb. It supplies the triceps brachii muscle of the arm, as well as all 12 muscles in the posterior osteofascial compartment of the forearm, as well as the associated joints and overlying skin. It originates from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus with roots from C5, C6, C7, C8 & T1. The radial nerve and its branches supply the dorsal muscles, such as triceps brachii, the extrinsic extensors of the wrist and hands, and the cutaneous nerve supply to most of the back of the hand. (The ulnar nerve cutaneously innervates the back of the little finger and adjacent half of the ring finger). The radial nerve divides into a deep branch (which becomes the posterior interosseous nerve), and continues as the superficial branch which goes on to innervate the dorsum (back) of the hand. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Radial_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nervus radialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Radial_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0001584 xref: EHDAA:5650 xref: EMAPA:17278 xref: FMA:37069 xref: GAID:845 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gray818.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gray818.png/200px-Gray818.png xref: MA:0001171 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.050.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Radial_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvfk7E5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181011002 xref: VHOG:0000896 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003433 ! arm nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 ! brachial nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001493 name: axillary nerve def: "The axillary nerve is a nerve of the human body, that comes off the posterior cord of the brachial plexus at the level of the axilla (armpit) and carries nerve fibers from C5 and C6. The axillary nerve travels through the quadrangular space with the posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auxillery nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve] synonym: "circumflex humeral nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "circumflex nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve] synonym: "nervus axillaris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve] synonym: "nervus axillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axillary_nerve] xref: EMAPA:18802 xref: FMA:37072 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Brachial_plexus_2.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Brachial_plexus.jpg/200px-Brachial_plexus.jpg xref: MA:0001166 xref: ncithesaurus:Axillary_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvgwMfpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181009006 is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="MA"} ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003433 ! arm nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 {source="MA"} ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 {source="MA"} ! brachial nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001494 name: ulnar nerve alt_id: UBERON:0005668 def: "In human anatomy, the ulnar nerve is a nerve which runs near the ulna bone. The ulnar nerve is the largest unprotected nerve in the human body (meaning, unprotected by muscle or bone), and the only unprotected nerve that does not serve a purely sensory function (those nerves specifically meant to perceive changes in the environment, such as nerves in the skin). This nerve is directly connected to the little finger, and the adjacent half of the ring finger, supplying the palmar side of these fingers, including both front and back of the tips, perhaps as far back as the fingernail beds. One method of injuring the nerve is to strike the medial epicondyle of the humerus from posteriorly, or inferiorly with the elbow flexed. The ulnar nerve is trapped between the bone and the overlying skin at this point. This is commonly referred to as hitting one's 'funny bone. ' This name is thought to be a pun, based on the sound resemblance between the words 'humerus' and 'humourous' . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ulnar_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nervus ulnaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ulnar_nerve] xref: EHDAA2:0002099 xref: EHDAA:5652 xref: EMAPA:17279 xref: FMA:37319 xref: GAID:846 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Brachial_plexus_2.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Brachial_plexus.jpg/200px-Brachial_plexus.jpg xref: MA:0001174 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.050.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Ulnar_Nerve xref: SCTID:181012009 xref: VHOG:0000922 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003433 ! arm nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001814 ! brachial nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0001495 name: pectoral muscle comment: This currently groups the major and minor muscles (which have different attachment sites) as well as the AAO structure: Muscle which is comprised of three heads. The anterior head is the portio epicoracoidea that originates on the epicoracoid cartilage and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The next more posterior head, portio sternalis, originates on the sternum and inserts in the groove next to the deltoid crest of the humerus. The most posterior head, portio abdominalis, arises from the M. rectus abdominis and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim synonym: "breast muscle" RELATED [BTO:0000023] synonym: "M. pectoralis" EXACT [AAO:0010727] synonym: "muscle of pectoral part of chest" EXACT [FMA:37349] synonym: "muscle of pectoral region" EXACT [FMA:37349] synonym: "pectoralis" RELATED [] synonym: "pectoralis muscle" RELATED [BTO:0000023] xref: AAO:0010727 xref: BTO:0000023 xref: FMA:37349 xref: GAID:153 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Pectoralis_major.png/200px-Pectoralis_major.png xref: MA:0002423 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.775 xref: ncithesaurus:Pectoralis_Muscle xref: SCTID:181621006 is_a: UBERON:0003830 ! thoracic segment muscle is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008196 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of pectoral girdle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010984 ! pectoral pre-muscle mass relationship: part_of UBERON:0004464 {source="BTO"} ! musculature of thorax property_value: external_definition "Muscle which is comprised of three heads. The anterior head is the portio epicoracoidea that originates on the epicoracoid cartilage and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus. The next more posterior head, portio sternalis, originates on the sternum and inserts in the groove next to the deltoid crest of the humerus. The most posterior head, portio abdominalis, arises from the M. rectus abdominis and inserts on the deltoid crest of the humerus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010727", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:MEJ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001496 name: ascending aorta def: "The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta[GO]. A portion of the aorta commencing at the upper part of the base of the left ventricle, on a level with the lower border of the third costal cartilage behind the left half of the sternum; it passes obliquely upward, forward, and to the right, in the direction of the heart’s axis, as high as the upper border of the second right costal cartilage, describing a slight curve in its course, and being situated, about 6 cm behind the posterior surface of the sternum. The total length is about 5 cm in length [Wikipedia]" [GO:0035905, Wikipedia:Ascending_aorta] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars ascendens aortae" EXACT [] synonym: "pars ascendens aortae, aorta ascendens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ascending_aorta] xref: EHDAA2:0000147 xref: EHDAA:9828 xref: EMAPA:17014 xref: EMAPA:18604 xref: EMAPA:25959 xref: FMA:3736 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray506.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png xref: MA:0002570 xref: ncithesaurus:Ascending_Aorta xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwVFqO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181299009 is_a: UBERON:0001515 ! thoracic aorta is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005338 {source="EHDAA2"} ! outflow tract aortic component relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002061 ! truncus arteriosus relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005432 ! aortic sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001515 ! thoracic aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0001497 name: muscle of pelvic girdle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a pelvic girdle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: AO notes: Note that in MA, this is a subclass of pelvis muscle; in FMA this is a hindlimb muscle, but recall in FMA hindlimb includes the girdle. synonym: "girdle-pelvic muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of girdle-pelvic" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of pelvic girdle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of pelvic girdle bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic girdle bone muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic girdle muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvic girdle muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:37367 xref: MA:0000537 is_a: UBERON:0010890 ! pelvic complex muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 ! musculature of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0001498 name: muscle of pes def: "A muscle organ that is part of a pes [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "autopod of hind limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hindlimb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of inferior member muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of lower extremity muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "foot muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of foot" EXACT [FMA:37369] synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000477 xref: FMA:37369 xref: MA:0000652 xref: SCTID:67240005 is_a: UBERON:0003663 ! hindlimb muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0001499 name: muscle of arm def: "A muscle organ that is part of an arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: See notes on UBERON:0001460 for possible terminological confusion over term 'arm' synonym: "arm muscle" EXACT [MA:0000594] synonym: "arm muscle system" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000141] synonym: "muscle of upper arm or lower arm" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "upper arm / lower arm muscle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EHDAA2:0000141 xref: MA:0000594 is_a: UBERON:0003662 ! forelimb muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0001500 name: muscle of manus def: "A muscle organ that is part of a manus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "arm autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of arm muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of brachial region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand muscle" EXACT [MA:0000628] synonym: "manus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "manus muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of hand" EXACT [FMA:37372] synonym: "muscle organ of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:37372 xref: MA:0000628 xref: SCTID:110540008 is_a: UBERON:0003662 ! forelimb muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0001501 name: lumbrical muscle of manus def: "The lumbricals are intrinsic muscles of the manus that flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints" [Wikipedia:Lumbricals_of_the_hand] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hand lumbrical" EXACT [] synonym: "hand lumbrical muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "hand lumbrical muscle" EXACT [MA:0002316] synonym: "lumbrical of hand" EXACT [FMA:37385] synonym: "musculi lumbricales manus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Lumbricals_of_the_hand] xref: FMA:37385 xref: MA:0002316 xref: SCTID:181654008 is_a: UBERON:0001500 ! muscle of manus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001523 ! flexor digitorum profundus [Term] id: UBERON:0001502 name: interosseous muscle of manus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hand interosseous muscle" EXACT [MA:0002313] synonym: "interosseous muscle of hand" EXACT [FMA:37417] synonym: "manus interosseous muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:37417 xref: MA:0002313 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Interosseous_Muscle xref: SCTID:265804003 is_a: UBERON:0001500 ! muscle of manus is_a: UBERON:0006508 ! interosseus muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0006508 ! interosseus muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0001503 name: dorsal interosseous of manus def: "The dorsal interossei of the hand are muscles that occupy the space between the metacarpals. There are four dorsal interossei in each hand. They are specified as 'dorsal' to contrast them with the palmar interossei, which are located on the anterior side of the metacarpals. The dorsal interosseous muscles are bipennate, with each muscle arising by two heads from the adjacent sides of the metacarpal bones, but more extensively from the metacarpal bone of the finger into which the muscle is inserted. They are inserted into the bases of the proximal phalanges and into the extensor expansion of the corresponding extensor digitorum tendon. The middle digit has two dorsal interossei insert onto it while the first digit (thumb) and the fifth digit (little finger) have none[WP]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_interossei_muscles_(hand)] synonym: "dorsal hand interosseus muscle" EXACT [MA:0002314] synonym: "dorsal interosseous of hand" EXACT [FMA:37418] synonym: "dorsal manus interosseus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculi interossei dorsales manus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:37418 xref: MA:0002314 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Hand_Interosseous_Muscle xref: SCTID:245002007 is_a: UBERON:0001502 ! interosseous muscle of manus relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004302 {source="dbpedia"} ! proximal phalanx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010544 {source="dbpedia"} ! metacarpus skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001504 name: lumbrical muscle of pes def: "The lumbricals are four small skeletal muscles, accessory to the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus and numbered from the medial side of the pes; they arise from these tendons, as far back as their angles of division, each springing from two tendons, except the first." [Wikipedia:Lumbricals_of_the_foot] synonym: "foot lumbrical" EXACT [FMA:37453] synonym: "foot lumbrical muscle" EXACT [MA:0002305] synonym: "lumbrical of foot" EXACT [FMA:37453] synonym: "pes lumbrical" EXACT [] synonym: "pes lumbrical muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:37453 xref: MA:0002305 xref: SCTID:181715003 is_a: UBERON:0001498 ! muscle of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0001505 name: coracobrachialis muscle def: "The Coracobrachialis is the smallest of the three muscles that attach to the coracoid process of the scapula. (The other two muscles are pectoralis minor and biceps brachii. ) It is situated at the upper and medial part of the arm. It is perforated by and innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Coracobrachialis_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coracobrachial" EXACT [MA:0002282] synonym: "coracobrachialis" EXACT [] synonym: "coracobrachialis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Coracobrachialis_muscle] synonym: "musculus coracobrachialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coracobrachialis_muscle] synonym: "Pirogoff's aponeurosis" EXACT [FMA:37664] xref: FMA:37664 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Coracobrachialis.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Coracobrachialis.png/200px-Coracobrachialis.png xref: MA:0002282 xref: ncithesaurus:Coracobrachialis xref: SCTID:244980008 is_a: UBERON:0004255 {source="FMA"} ! forelimb stylopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 {source="dbpedia", notes="medial humerus"} ! humerus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003724 {source="dbpedia"} ! musculocutaneous nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006633 {source="dbpedia", notes="coracoid process of scapula"} ! coracoid process of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0001506 name: brachialis muscle def: "The brachialis (brachialis anticus) is a muscle in the upper arm that flexes the elbow joint. It lies just deep of the biceps brachii, and is a synergist that assists the biceps brachii in flexing at the elbow. It makes up part of the floor of the region known as the cubital fossa. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachialis_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachialis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachialis_muscle] synonym: "brachialis anticus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachialis_muscle] synonym: "Casserio's muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus brachialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachialis_muscle] xref: EHDAA2:0000181 xref: EHDAA:8281 xref: EMAPA:19068 xref: EMAPA:19109 xref: FMA:37667 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Brachialis.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Brachialis.png/200px-Brachialis.png xref: MA:0002271 xref: ncithesaurus:Brachialis xref: SCTID:244982000 xref: VHOG:0001026 is_a: UBERON:0001499 ! muscle of arm relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010994 {source="dbpedia", notes="coronoid process and the tuberosity of the ulna"} ! coronoid process of ulna relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003724 {source="dbpedia"} ! musculocutaneous nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000976 {notes="anterior surface of the humerus particularly the distal half of this bone", source="dbpedia"} ! humerus property_value: external_definition "A muscle of the stylopodium, covering the distal half of the humerus and the anterior part of the elbow joint. It functions to flex the zeugopodium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001026", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/brachialis"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001507 name: biceps brachii def: "A muscle in the forelimb stylopod which in humans has several functions, the most important being to rotate the forearm and to flex the elbow. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Biceps_brachii_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "biceps" BROAD [EHDAA2:0000167] synonym: "biceps brachii %26 brachialis muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Biceps_brachii_muscle] synonym: "biceps brachii muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Biceps_brachii_muscle] synonym: "biceps cubiti" RELATED [Wikipedia:Biceps_brachii_muscle] synonym: "biceps muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Biceps_brachii_muscle] synonym: "musculus biceps brachii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Biceps_brachii_muscle] xref: BTO:0003419 xref: EHDAA2:0000167 xref: EHDAA:8279 xref: EMAPA:19067 xref: EMAPA:19108 xref: FMA:37670 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Biceps_brachii.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Biceps_%28PSF%29.jpg/200px-Biceps_%28PSF%29.jpg xref: MA:0002269 xref: ncithesaurus:Biceps xref: SCTID:265802004 xref: VHOG:0000861 is_a: UBERON:0004255 ! forelimb stylopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001509 {source="dbpedia"} ! triceps brachii relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001423 {notes="radial tuberosity and bicipittal aponeurosis into deep fascia on medial part of forearm", source="dbpedia"} ! radius bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003724 {source="dbpedia", notes="Musculocutaneous nerve"} ! musculocutaneous nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006633 {source="dbpedia", notes="short head: coracoid process of the scapula. long head: supraglenoid tubercle"} ! coracoid process of scapula relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010760 {source="dbpedia", notes="short head: coracoid process of the scapula. long head: supraglenoid tubercle"} ! supraglenoid tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 {source="OG"} ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0001508 name: arch of aorta def: "begins at the level of the upper border of the second sternocostal articulation of the right side, and runs at first upward, backward, and to the left in front of the trachea; it is then directed backward on the left side of the trachea and finally passes downward on the left side of the body of the fourth thoracic vertebra, at the lower border of which it becomes continuous with the descending aorta[WP]." [Wikipedia:Arch_of_aorta] comment: Usage notes: Do not confuse with aortic arch; check EHDAA2. Taxon notes: birds have right aortic arch, mammals left. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aortic arch" RELATED [FMA:3768] synonym: "arcus aortae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:3768, FMA:TA] synonym: "thoracic aorta" RELATED [GAID:471] xref: BTO:0000157 xref: EFO:0002526 xref: EHDAA2:0000132 xref: EMAPA:17613 xref: EMAPA:18602 xref: FMA:3768 xref: GAID:471 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png xref: MA:0000475 xref: SCTID:181300001 xref: VHOG:0001196 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001515 ! thoracic aorta is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003121 ! aortic arch 4 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005432 ! aortic sac relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005613 ! left dorsal aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0001515 ! thoracic aorta property_value: external_definition "The curving portion between the ascending aorta and the descending aorta, giving rise to the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001196", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/arch+of+aorta"} property_value: homology_notes "The double systemic arch arches (left and right) present in amphibians and reptiles become reduced to a single systemic arch - the right in birds, the left in mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001196", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.460 and p.461 Figure 12.20", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001509 name: triceps brachii def: "The triceps brachii muscle (Latin for 'three-headed' muscle of the arm, it is called a three headed muscle because there are three bundles of muscle, each of different origin, joining together at the elbow) is the large muscle on the back of the human upper limb. It is the muscle principally responsible for extension of the elbow joint (i.e. straightening of the arm). Though a similarly-named muscle, the triceps surae, is found on the lower leg, the triceps brachii is commonly called simply the 'triceps'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Triceps_brachii_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus triceps brachii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Triceps_brachii_muscle] synonym: "triceps" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002080] synonym: "triceps brachii muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Triceps_brachii_muscle] synonym: "triceps muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Triceps_brachii_muscle] xref: EHDAA2:0002080 xref: EHDAA:8287 xref: EMAPA:19070 xref: FMA:37688 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Triceps_brachii.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Triceps_brachii.png/200px-Triceps_brachii.png xref: MA:0002399 xref: ncithesaurus:Triceps xref: ncithesaurus:Triceps_Brachii xref: SCTID:181623009 xref: VHOG:0000851 is_a: UBERON:0004255 ! forelimb stylopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001507 {source="dbpedia"} ! biceps brachii relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006810 {source="dbpedia", notes="olecranon process of ulna"} ! olecranon relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001492 {notes="radial nerve and axillary nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! radial nerve relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001493 {notes="radial nerve and axillary nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! axillary nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000976 {source="dbpedia", notes="lateral head: posterior humerus"} ! humerus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006849 {notes="long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula", source="dbpedia"} ! scapula relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 {source="OG"} ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0001510 name: skin of knee def: "A zone of skin that is part of a knee [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "knee skin" EXACT [] synonym: "knee zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18151 xref: FMA:37800 xref: MA:0000668 xref: ncithesaurus:Knee_Skin xref: SCTID:181552001 is_a: UBERON:0001511 ! skin of leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee [Term] id: UBERON:0001511 name: skin of leg def: "A zone of skin that is part of a leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "leg skin" EXACT [] synonym: "leg zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18156 xref: EMAPA:18159 xref: FMA:37828 xref: MA:0000674 xref: ncithesaurus:Leg_Skin is_a: UBERON:0003532 ! hindlimb skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0001512 name: skin of ankle def: "A zone of skin that is part of an ankle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ankle skin" EXACT [] synonym: "ankle zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tarsal region skin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "zone of skin of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:37831 xref: MA:0000641 xref: ncithesaurus:Ankle_Skin xref: SCTID:181560000 is_a: UBERON:0001513 ! skin of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region [Term] id: UBERON:0001513 name: skin of pes def: "A zone of skin that is part of a pes [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "autopod of hind limb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hindlimb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of inferior member zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of lower extremity zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot skin" EXACT [] synonym: "foot zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb autopod zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb autopod zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member autopod zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity autopod zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of foot" EXACT [FMA:37834] synonym: "skin of hind-paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:18504] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18504 xref: FMA:37834 xref: MA:0000654 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Skin xref: SCTID:181529000 is_a: UBERON:0003532 ! hindlimb skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0001514 name: descending aorta def: " The descending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system from the arch of aorta to the point where it divides into the common iliac arteries[GO]. The descending aorta is part of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. The descending aorta is the part of the aorta beginning at the aortic arch that runs down through the chest and abdomen. The descending aorta is divided into two portions, the thoracic and abdominal, in correspondence with the two great cavities of the trunk in which it is situated. Within the abdomen, the descending aorta branches into the two common iliac arteries which serve the legs. [WP,unvetted]." [GO:0035906, Wikipedia:Descending_aorta] comment: Development notes: results from fusion of left and right dorsal aortae subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aorta descendens" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_aorta] synonym: "pars descendens aortae" EXACT [FMA:3784] synonym: "pars descendens aortae, aorta descendens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Descending_aorta] xref: EMAPA:18605 xref: FMA:3784 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray506.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png xref: MA:0002571 xref: ncithesaurus:Descending_Aorta xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv4EE35wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:261399002 is_a: UBERON:0005800 {source="FMA"} ! segment of aorta relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005805 {source="Wikipedia"} ! dorsal aorta relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005613 ! left dorsal aorta relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005622 ! right dorsal aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 {source="FMA"} ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system [Term] id: UBERON:0001515 name: thoracic aorta def: "The thoracic aorta is contained in the posterior mediastinal cavity. It begins at the lower border of the fourth thoracic vertebra where it is continuous with the aortic arch, and ends in front of the lower border of the twelfth thoracic vertebra, at the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm where it becomes the abdominal aorta. At its commencement, it is situated on the left of the vertebral column; it approaches the median line as it descends; and, at its termination, lies directly in front of the column. The vessel describes a curve which is concave forward; as the branches given off from it are small, its diminution in size is insignificant. It has a radius of approximately 1.16 cm. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_aorta] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aorta thoracalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thoracic_aorta] synonym: "pars thoracica aortae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thoracic_aorta] synonym: "thoracic part of aorta" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000157 xref: EFO:0002525 xref: EMAPA:18603 xref: FMA:3786 xref: GAID:471 xref: galen:ThoracicAorta xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray530.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gray530.png/200px-Gray530.png xref: MA:0002569 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.056.372 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Aorta xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rveb9TpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302510009 is_a: UBERON:0005800 {source="FMA"} ! segment of aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0005800 ! segment of aorta intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0001516 name: abdominal aorta def: "Abdominal part of aorta: the distal part of the descending aorta, which is the continuation of the thoracic part and gives rise to the inferior phrenic, lumbar, median sacral, superior and inferior mesenteric, middle suprarenal, renal, and testicular or ovarian arteries, and celiac trunk[BTO]. The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. As part of the aorta, it is a direct continuation of descending aorta(of the thorax). [WP,unvetted]." [BTO:0002976, Wikipedia:Abdominal_aorta] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "abdominal part of aorta" EXACT [FMA:3789] synonym: "abdominal part of aorta" RELATED [BTO:0002976] synonym: "aorta abdominalis" RELATED [BTO:0002976] synonym: "descending abdominal aorta" EXACT [FMA:3789] synonym: "pars abdominalis aortae" EXACT [FMA:3789] synonym: "pars abdominalis aortae" RELATED [BTO:0002976] synonym: "pars abdominalis aortae, aorta abdominalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abdominal_aorta] xref: BTO:0002976 xref: EFO:0002524 xref: EMAPA:17856 xref: EMAPA:18607 xref: FMA:3789 xref: GAID:470 xref: galen:AbdominalAorta xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Gray531.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gray531.png/200px-Gray531.png xref: MA:0000474 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.056.205 xref: ncithesaurus:Abdominal_Aorta xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYhWCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244231007 is_a: UBERON:0005800 ! segment of aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0005800 ! segment of aorta intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001514 {source="FMA"} ! descending aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0001517 name: skin of elbow alt_id: UBERON:0003399 def: "A zone of skin that is part of a elbow [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "cubital region zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elbow skin" EXACT [] synonym: "elbow zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18051 xref: FMA:38250 xref: MA:0000610 xref: ncithesaurus:Elbow_Skin xref: SCTID:181534001 is_a: UBERON:0002427 ! arm skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow [Term] id: UBERON:0001518 name: skin of wrist def: "A zone of skin that is part of a wrist [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "carpal region zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wrist skin" EXACT [] synonym: "wrist zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:38280 xref: MA:0000638 xref: ncithesaurus:Wrist_Skin xref: SCTID:181540008 is_a: UBERON:0001519 ! skin of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region [Term] id: UBERON:0001519 name: skin of manus def: "A zone of skin that is part of a manus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hand skin" EXACT [MA:0000630] synonym: "manus skin" EXACT [] synonym: "skin of fore-paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:18486] synonym: "skin of hand" EXACT [FMA:38295] xref: EMAPA:18486 xref: FMA:38295 xref: MA:0000630 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Skin xref: SCTID:181527003 is_a: UBERON:0003531 ! forelimb skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0001520 name: pronator teres def: "The pronator teres is a muscle of the human body (located mainly in the forearm) that, along with the pronator quadratus, serves to pronate the forearm (turning it so the palm faces posteriorly). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pronator_teres_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus pronator teres" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pronator_teres_muscle] synonym: "pronator teres muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pronator_teres_muscle] xref: FMA:38450 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Pronator-teres.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Pronator-teres.png/200px-Pronator-teres.png xref: MA:0002357 xref: ncithesaurus:Pronator_Teres xref: SCTID:302514000 is_a: UBERON:0003662 ! forelimb muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0003228 {source="dbpedia"} ! supinator muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001028 {notes="Middle of the lateral surface of the body of the radius", source="dbpedia"} ! diaphysis of radius relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001148 {source="dbpedia"} ! median nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006806 {notes="humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna", source="dbpedia"} ! entepicondyle of humerus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010994 {notes="humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna", source="dbpedia"} ! coronoid process of ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0001521 name: flexor carpi radialis muscle def: "A muscle of the forearm that acts to flex and abduct the manus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_carpi_radialis_muscle] comment: AO notes - we group the AAO class here, despite the different insertion site - requires vetting "Muscle which originates on the inner border of the humerus and inserts on the carpus." [AAO:0010733] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "flexor carpi radialis" EXACT [MA:0002297] xref: AAO:0010733 xref: FMA:38459 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Flexor-carpi-radialis.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flexor-carpi-radialis.png/200px-Flexor-carpi-radialis.png xref: MA:0002297 xref: ncithesaurus:Flexor_Carpi_Radialis xref: SCTID:361816002 is_a: UBERON:0000366 ! flexor muscle is_a: UBERON:0004254 ! forelimb zeugopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002374 {notes="2 and 3 in human"} ! metacarpal bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006806 ! entepicondyle of humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod property_value: external_definition "Muscle which originates on the inner border of the humerus and inserts on the carpus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010733", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:MEJ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001522 name: flexor carpi ulnaris muscle def: "The flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (FCU) is a muscle of the human forearm that acts to flex and adduct the manus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle] comment: AO notes: AAO has a class with the same name, the exact insertion point is unclear; consider grouping "Muscle which originates from the medial condyle of the humerus and inserts on the carpus." [AAO:0010734] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "flexor carpi ulnaris" EXACT [Wikipedia:Flexor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle] synonym: "musculus flexor carpi ulnaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flexor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle] xref: FMA:38465 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/FCU.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/FCU.png/200px-FCU.png xref: MA:0002298 xref: ncithesaurus:Flexor_Carpi_Ulnaris xref: SCTID:244985003 is_a: UBERON:0000366 ! flexor muscle is_a: UBERON:0004254 ! forelimb zeugopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001429 {source="dbpedia"} ! pisiform relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006806 {source="dbpedia", notes="medial epicondyle"} ! entepicondyle of humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0001523 name: flexor digitorum profundus def: "In human anatomy, the flexor digitorum profundus is a muscle in the forearm that flexes the fingers. It is considered to be an extrinsic muscle because its action is at a different location than the main body of the muscle. Flexor digitorum profundus, along with flexor digitorum superficialis have long tendons that run down the arm and through the carpal tunnel and attach to the palmar side of the phalanges of the fingers. This muscle originates from the upper 3/4ths anterior and medial side of the ulna. Flexor digitorum profundus lies deep to superficialis, but it attaches more distally. To get around this problem profundus's tendons go through the tendons of superficialis, and end up attaching to the distal phalanx. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_profundus_muscle] comment: Note that in EMAPA, this is part of the leg, which is presumably a mistake subset: uberon_slim synonym: "flexor digitorum profundus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_profundus_muscle] synonym: "musculus flexor digitorum profundus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_profundus_muscle] xref: BTO:0001246 xref: EMAPA:19319 xref: FMA:38478 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Flexor-digitorum-profundis.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flexor-digitorum-profundis.png/200px-Flexor-digitorum-profundis.png xref: MA:0002300 xref: ncithesaurus:Flexor_Digitorum_Profundus is_a: UBERON:0000366 {source="BTO"} ! flexor muscle is_a: UBERON:0004255 ! forelimb stylopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0007612 {source="dbpedia"} ! extensor digitorum communis relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004300 {source="dbpedia", notes="base of the distal phalanges of the fingers"} ! distal phalanx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001010 {source="dbpedia", notes="upper 3/4 of the volar and medial surfaces of the body of the ulna interosseous membrane and deep fascia of the forearm"} ! diaphysis of ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 {source="FMA"} ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0001524 name: extensor carpi radialis longus muscle def: "Extensor carpi radialis longus is one of the five main muscles that control movements at the wrist. This muscle is quite long, starting on the lateral side of the humerus, and attaching to the base of the second metacarpal bone (metacarpal of the index finger). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Extensor_carpi_radialis_longus_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "extensor carpi radialis longus" EXACT [MA:0002291] synonym: "musculus extensor carpi radialis longus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_carpi_radialis_longus_muscle] xref: FMA:38494 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/ECR-longus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/ECR-longus.png/200px-ECR-longus.png xref: MA:0002291 xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Carpi_Radialis_Longus xref: SCTID:244990000 is_a: UBERON:0011867 ! extensor carpi radialis muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003646 {source="dbpedia", notes="base"} ! metacarpal bone of digit 2 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001492 {source="dbpedia"} ! radial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004404 {source="dbpedia", notes="lateral supracondylar ridge"} ! distal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0001525 name: extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle def: "The Extensor carpi radialis brevis is shorter and thicker than the extensor carpi radialis longus. The longus muscle can be found above the distal end of the Extensor carpi radialis brevis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Extensor_carpi_radialis_brevis_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "extensor carpi radialis brevis" EXACT [MA:0002290] synonym: "musculus extensor carpi radialis brevis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_carpi_radialis_brevis_muscle] xref: FMA:38497 xref: MA:0002290 xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Carpi_Radialis_Brevis xref: SCTID:244991001 is_a: UBERON:0011867 ! extensor carpi radialis muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003647 {source="dbpedia", notes="base"} ! metacarpal bone of digit 3 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001492 {source="dbpedia", notes="deep part"} ! radial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006807 {source="dbpedia"} ! ectepicondyle of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0001526 name: extensor carpi ulnaris muscle def: "Extensor carpi ulnaris is a muscle located in the forearm that acts to extend and adduct the wrist. Being an extensor muscle, extensor carpi ulnaris is on the posterior side of the forearm. [WP]." [Wikipedia:Extensor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle] comment: Taxon notes: Amphibians - def: "Muscle of the forearm: It shares a common origin with two other muscles of the forearm. It arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus by two tendons: the first one is in common with the m. extensor digitorum communis longus, and the second one is broad and in common with the m. epicondylocubitalis. It is pinnately attached to the dorsal surface of the distal carpal 5-4-3." [AAO:0010281]. Note that we make the insertion relationship a GCI until digit numbering issues are resolved subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ECU muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "extensor carpi ulnaris" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus extensor carpi ulnaris" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010281 xref: FMA:38506 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Extensor_carpi_ulnaris_muscle.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray418.png/200px-Gray418.png xref: MA:0002292 xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Carpi_Ulnaris xref: SCTID:244992008 is_a: UBERON:0011024 {source="Wikipedia"} ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003649 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! metacarpal bone of digit 5 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001492 {source="dbpedia", notes="deep part"} ! radial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001424 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! ulna relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006807 ! ectepicondyle of humerus property_value: external_definition "Muscle of the forearm: It shares a common origin with two other muscles of the forearm. It arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus by two tendons: the first one is in common with the m. extensor digitorum communis longus, and the second one is broad and in common with the m. epicondylocubitalis. It is pinnately attached to the dorsal surface of the distal carpal 5-4-3.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010281", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001527 name: abductor pollicis longus def: "The Abductor pollicis longus lies immediately below the Supinator and is sometimes united with it. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_longus_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "abductor pollicis longus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_longus_muscle] synonym: "musculus abductor pollicis longus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_longus_muscle] xref: FMA:38515 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray1231.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray1231.png/200px-Gray1231.png xref: MA:0002266 xref: ncithesaurus:Abductor_Pollicis_Longus xref: SCTID:256671001 is_a: UBERON:0011534 ! abductor pollicis muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002962 {source="dbpedia"} ! adductor pollicis muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001424 {source="dbpedia"} ! ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0001528 name: radio-ulnar joint def: "A joint that connects the radius and the ulna. Examples: proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints" [UBERON:cjm] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulation of the radus and ulna" EXACT [] synonym: "radioulnar articulation" RELATED [] synonym: "radioulnar joint" EXACT [] synonym: "radioulnar joint" EXACT [FMA:38863] xref: EMAPA:19206 xref: FMA:38863 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Forearm_labeled.png/200px-Forearm_labeled.png xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlO2nJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:264167003 is_a: UBERON:0011968 ! radio-carpal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001423 relationship: connects UBERON:0001424 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0001529 name: brachiocephalic artery def: "The brachiocephalic artery (or brachiocephalic trunk or innominate artery) is an artery of the mediastinum that supplies blood to the right arm and the head and neck. It is the first branch of the aortic arch, and soon after it emerges, the brachiocephalic artery divides into the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery. There is no brachiocephalic artery for the left side of the body. The left common carotid, and the left subclavian artery, come directly off the aortic arch. However, there are two brachiocephalic veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_artery] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachiocephalic trunk" EXACT [MA:0001922] synonym: "innominate artery" EXACT [] synonym: "truncus brachiocephalicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:3932, FMA:TA] synonym: "truncus brachiocephalicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_artery] xref: EFO:0002550 xref: EHDAA2:0000835 xref: EMAPA:17615 xref: FMA:3932 xref: GAID:476 xref: galen:BrachioCephalicArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray506.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png xref: MA:0001922 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.145 xref: ncithesaurus:Innominate_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9mMTpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244244002 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001508 ! arch of aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0007204 ! brachiocephalic vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0001530 name: common carotid artery plus branches def: "A bilaterally paired branched artery that originates from the aortic arches and divides into and includes as parts the internal and external carotid arteries[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Common_carotid_artery] comment: Editor notes: we follow the FMA and treat the artery as a tree-structure - here we include the internal and external as parts. For the part that excludes the branches, see 'trunk of common carotid artery'. Development notes: in birds and reptiles, develops from arch III and parts of ventral and dorsal aortae subset: uberon_slim synonym: "a. carotis communis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_carotid_artery] synonym: "carotid artery" BROAD [FMA:3939] synonym: "carotid artery system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000217] synonym: "common carotid artery" EXACT INCONSISTENT [FMA:3939] synonym: "trunk of common carotid tree" EXACT [FMA:3939] xref: EHDAA2:0000217 xref: EHDAA:7331 xref: EMAPA:17855 xref: FMA:3939 xref: GAID:479 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray506.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png xref: MA:0001926 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.186.200 xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Carotid_Artery xref: SCTID:362041005 xref: VHOG:0000272 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004573 {source="FMA"} ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004363 {source="Wikipedia"} ! aortic arch [Term] id: UBERON:0001531 name: right common carotid artery plus branches def: "In human anatomy, the common carotid artery is an artery that supplies the head and neck with oxygenated blood; it divides in the neck to form the external and internal carotid arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Right_common_carotid_artery] comment: Editor notes: placement of the MA class here is not strictly correct, as the MA class does not include the branches subset: uberon_slim synonym: "right common carotid artery" EXACT [MA:0001928] synonym: "right common carotid artery" RELATED [FMA:3941] synonym: "trunk of right common carotid tree" EXACT [FMA:3941] xref: FMA:3941 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png xref: MA:0001928 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Common_Carotid_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW9-AqgEEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvg7rcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362042003 is_a: UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches is_a: UBERON:0001530 {source="FMA"} ! common carotid artery plus branches relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001529 {source="FMA", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:40674"} ! brachiocephalic artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001532 name: internal carotid artery def: "In human anatomy, the internal carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck that helps supply blood to the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_carotid_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteria carotis interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_carotid_artery] synonym: "ICA" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011054 xref: BTO:0004697 xref: EFO:0001952 xref: EHDAA2:0000873 xref: EHDAA:408 xref: EHDAA:6389 xref: EMAPA:16328 xref: EMAPA:18612 xref: FMA:3947 xref: GAID:481 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray513.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray513.png/200px-Gray513.png xref: MA:0001930 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.186.200.230 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Carotid_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYx8KZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362045001 xref: TAO:0005081 xref: VHOG:0000267 xref: XAO:0000366 xref: ZFA:0005081 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005396 {source="MA"} ! carotid artery segment is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001530 {source="FMA"} ! common carotid artery plus branches relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004363 {source="Wikipedia"} ! aortic arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0001530 {source="FMA"} ! common carotid artery plus branches property_value: external_definition "Each of two arteries starting at the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries through which blood circulates to many structures and organs in the head. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000267", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Internal+carotid+artery"} property_value: external_definition "One of the major arteries of the head, it is the as the cranial continuation of the aortic arches and the dorsal aorta. It curves ventrally before resuming a dorsal course as it enters the head proper, and it lies ventral to the internal jugular vein. The internal carotid artery gives off palatine, ophthalmic, and cerebral branches by stage NF stage 41.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011054", ontology="AAO", source="PMID:12606281"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001533 name: subclavian artery def: "In human anatomy, the subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. It is located below the clavicle, hence the name. There is a left subclavian and a right subclavian. On the left side of the body, the subclavian comes directly off the arch of aorta. On the right side of the body, the subclavian arises from the relatively short brachiocephalic artery (trunk) when it bifurcates into the subclavian and the right common carotid artery. The usual branches of the subclavian on both sides of the body are the vertebral artery, the internal thoracic artery, the thyrocervical trunk, the costocervical trunk and the dorsal scapular artery. The subclavian becomes the axillary artery at the lateral border of the first rib[WP]. The pectoral (subclavian) arteries originate from the dorsal aorta and takes the blood outward into the fin from the paired portion of the dorsal aorta posterior to the last aortic arch. Kimmel et al. 1993" [Wikipedia:Subclavian_artery, ZFIN:curator] comment: Editors notes: this should be reviewed for pan-vertebrate applicability. Developmental relationships should be added (intersegmental artery and right dorsal aorta in EHDAA2, occipitovertebral artery in XAO) subset: uberon_slim subset: unverified_taxonomic_grouping subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteria subclavia" EXACT [XAO:0000365] synonym: "arteria subclavia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subclavian_artery] synonym: "arterial tree of upper limb" EXACT [] synonym: "PA" RELATED [] synonym: "pectoral artery" EXACT [] synonym: "subclavian arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010232 xref: EHDAA2:0001933 xref: EHDAA:4357 xref: EMAPA:17617 xref: FMA:3951 xref: GAID:511 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray506.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png xref: MA:0002045 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.839 xref: ncithesaurus:Subclavian_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvp8u1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:265790007 xref: TAO:0005086 xref: XAO:0000365 xref: ZFA:0005086 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk property_value: external_definition "Artery which supplies blood via branches to the various muscles of the shoulder region and to the forelimb.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010232", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The pectoral (subclavian) arteries originate from the dorsal aorta and takes the blood outward into the fin from the paired portion of the dorsal aorta posterior to the last aortic arch. Kimmel et al. 1993[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005086", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001534 name: right subclavian artery def: "In human anatomy, the subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. It is located below the clavicle, hence the name. There is a left subclavian and a right subclavian. On the left side of the body, the subclavian comes directly off the arch of aorta. On the right side of the body, the subclavian arises from the relatively short brachiocephalic artery (trunk) when it bifurcates into the subclavian and the right common carotid artery. The usual branches of the subclavian on both sides of the body are the vertebral artery, the internal thoracic artery, the thyrocervical trunk, the costocervical trunk and the dorsal scapular artery. The subclavian becomes the axillary artery at the lateral border of the first rib. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subclavian_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0004514 xref: FMA:3953 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png xref: MA:0002047 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Subclavian_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW7hwqgEEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvp8u1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244246000 is_a: UBERON:0001533 {source="FMA"} ! subclavian artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001529 {source="FMA"} ! brachiocephalic artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001535 name: vertebral artery def: "The vertebral arteries are branches of the subclavian arteries. The two vertebral arteries and the basilar artery are sometimes together called the vertebrobasilar system, which supplies blood to the posterior part of circle of Willis and anastomoses with blood supplied to the anterior part of the circle of Willis from the carotid arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteria vertebralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vertebral_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0002192 xref: EHDAA:5328 xref: EMAPA:17314 xref: FMA:3956 xref: GAID:518 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Vertebral_artery.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Vertebral_artery.png/200px-Vertebral_artery.png xref: MA:0002077 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.955 xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvg_ir5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181323003 xref: TAO:0005033 xref: VHOG:0000263 xref: ZFA:0005033 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001533 ! subclavian artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0001536 name: left common carotid artery plus branches def: "In human anatomy, the common carotid artery is an artery that supplies the head and neck with oxygenated blood; it divides in the neck to form the external and internal carotid arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Left_common_carotid_artery] comment: Editor notes: placement of the MA class here is not strictly correct, as the MA class does not include the branches subset: uberon_slim synonym: "left common carotid artery" EXACT [MA:0001927] synonym: "left common carotid artery" RELATED [FMA:4058] synonym: "trunk of left common carotid tree" EXACT [FMA:4058] xref: FMA:4058 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png xref: MA:0001927 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Common_Carotid_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rdz4xcLVIEduAAAAOpmP6tw xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvg7rcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362043008 is_a: UBERON:0001530 {source="FMA"} ! common carotid artery plus branches [Term] id: UBERON:0001537 name: anterior tibial artery def: "The anterior tibial artery of the lower limb carries blood to the anterior compartment of the leg and dorsal surface of the foot, from the popliteal artery. It is accompanied by a deep vein, the anterior tibial vein, along its course. It crosses the anterior aspect of the ankle joint, at which point it becomes the dorsalis pedis artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_tibial_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria tibialis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_tibial_artery] xref: FMA:43894 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray1247.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray1247.png/200px-Gray1247.png xref: MA:0002574 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Tibial_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvaHcEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181357006 is_a: UBERON:0007610 ! tibial artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001538 name: posterior tibial artery def: "The posterior tibial artery of the lower limb carries blood to the posterior compartment of the leg and plantar surface of the foot, from the popliteal artery. It is accompanied by a deep vein, the posterior tibial vein, along its course. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_tibial_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria tibialis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_tibial_artery] xref: FMA:43895 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray1247.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray1247.png/200px-Gray1247.png xref: MA:0002575 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Tibial_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwLSaQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181358001 is_a: UBERON:0007610 ! tibial artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001539 name: dorsalis pedis artery def: "In human anatomy, the dorsalis pedis artery (dorsal artery of foot), is a blood vessel of the lower limb that carries oxygenated blood to the dorsal surface of the foot. It arises at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint and is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery. It terminates at the proximal part of the first intermetatarsal space, where it divides into two branches, the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the deep plantar artery. Along its course, it is accompanied by a deep vein, the dorsalis pedis vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsalis_pedis_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria dorsalis pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:43915, FMA:TA] synonym: "arteria dorsalis pedis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsalis_pedis_artery] synonym: "dorsal artery of foot" EXACT [] xref: FMA:43915 xref: galen:DorsalisPedisArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Gray553.png xref: MA:0001942 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsalis_Pedis_Artery xref: SCTID:181362007 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001540 name: peroneal artery def: "In anatomy, the fibular artery (also known as the peroneal artery) supplies blood to the lateral compartment of the leg and is typically a branch of posterior tibial artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Peroneal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria fibularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:43921, FMA:TA] synonym: "fibular artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:43921 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Fibular_artery.png/200px-Fibular_artery.png xref: MA:0002018 xref: ncithesaurus:Peroneal_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwSO_s5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181359009 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003516 ! hindlimb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001538 ! posterior tibial artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001541 name: medial plantar artery def: "The medial plantar artery (internal plantar artery), much smaller than the lateral, passes forward along the medial side of the foot. It is at first situated above the Abductor hallucis, and then between it and the Flexor digitorum brevis, both of which it supplies. At the base of the first metatarsal bone, where it is much diminished in size, it passes along the medial border of the first toe, anastomosing with the first dorsal metatarsal artery. Small superficial digital branches accompany the digital branches of the medial plantar nerve and join the plantar metatarsal arteries of the first three spaces. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_plantar_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "a. plantaris medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_plantar_artery] xref: FMA:43925 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray555.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gray555.png/200px-Gray555.png xref: MA:0001997 xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Plantar_Artery xref: SCTID:181360004 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003516 ! hindlimb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001538 ! posterior tibial artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001542 name: inguinal lymph node def: "A lymph node in the inguinal region." [Wikipedia:Inguinal_lymph_node] comment: TODO - superficial/deep subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:44226 xref: MA:0000737 xref: ncithesaurus:Inguinal_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:181762005 is_a: UBERON:0003968 ! peripheral lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0001543 name: popliteal lymph node def: "The popliteal lymph nodes, small in size and some six or seven in number, are imbedded in the fat contained in the popliteal fossa. One lies immediately beneath the popliteal fascia, near the terminal part of the small saphenous vein, and drains the region from which this vein derives its tributaries. Another is placed between the popliteal artery and the posterior surface of the knee-joint; it receives the lymphatic vessels from the knee-joint together with those which accompany the genicular arteries. The others lie at the sides of the popliteal vessels, and receive as efferents the trunks which accompany the anterior and posterior tibial vessels. The efferents of the popliteal glands pass almost entirely alongside the femoral vessels to the deep inguinal glands, but a few may accompany the great saphenous vein, and end in the glands of the superficial subinguinal group. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Popliteal_lymph_node] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:44227 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray609.png/200px-Gray609.png xref: MA:0000738 xref: ncithesaurus:Popliteal_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:279156002 is_a: UBERON:0003968 ! peripheral lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0001544 name: popliteal vein def: "The popliteal vein course runs alongside the popliteal artery but carries the blood from the knee joint and muscles in the thigh and calf back to the heart. Its origin is defined by the junction of the posterior tibial vein and anterior tibial vein. It drains the peroneal vein before reaching the knee joint and turns into the femoral vein when leaving the adductor canal (also known as Hunter's canal). The popliteal artery extends from the femoral artery behind the popliteal fossa which is the space behind the knee. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Popliteal_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena poplitea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Popliteal_vein] xref: FMA:44327 xref: GAID:537 xref: galen:PoplitealVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray609.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray609.png/200px-Gray609.png xref: MA:0002197 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.641 xref: ncithesaurus:Popliteal_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv8Ch-JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:281065001 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003232 ! epithelium of knee is_a: UBERON:0003503 ! leg blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001545 name: anterior tibial vein def: "In human anatomy, the anterior tibial vein of the lower limb carries blood from the anterior compartment of the leg to the popliteal vein which is forms when it joins with the posterior tibial vein. Like most deep veins, the anterior tibial vein is accompanied by an artery of the same name, the anterior tibial artery, along its course. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_tibial_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "venae tibiales anteriores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_tibial_vein] xref: FMA:44331 xref: galen:AnteriorTibialVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Gray440_color.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gray440_color.png/200px-Gray440_color.png xref: MA:0002244 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Tibial_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvXYDl5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:281066000 is_a: UBERON:0010370 {source="MA"} ! tibial vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 {source="FMA/obol"} ! popliteal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001546 name: posterior tibial vein def: "In anatomy, the posterior tibial vein of the lower limb carries blood from the posterior compartment and plantar surface of the foot to the popliteal vein which it forms when it joins with the anterior tibial vein. Like most deep veins, the posterior tibial vein is accompanied by an artery of the same name, the posterior tibial artery, along its course. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_tibial_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "venae tibiales posteriores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_tibial_vein] xref: FMA:44332 xref: galen:PosteriorTibialVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Gray583.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gray583.png/200px-Gray583.png xref: MA:0002245 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Tibial_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwA9GD5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:281067009 is_a: UBERON:0010370 {source="MA"} ! tibial vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 {source="FMA/obol"} ! popliteal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001547 name: small saphenous vein def: "The small saphenous vein (also lesser saphenous vein), is a relatively large vein of the superficial posterior leg. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Small_saphenous_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lesser saphenous vein" EXACT [] synonym: "short saphenous vein" EXACT [] synonym: "vena saphena parva" EXACT LATIN [FMA:44333, FMA:TA] synonym: "vena saphena parva" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Small_saphenous_vein] xref: BTO:0003272 xref: FMA:44333 xref: galen:LesserSaphenousVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Gray582.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Gray582.png/200px-Gray582.png xref: MA:0002217 xref: ncithesaurus:Short_Saphenous_Vein xref: SCTID:181404009 is_a: UBERON:0007318 ! saphenous vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 {source="FMA/obol"} ! popliteal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001548 name: lateral marginal vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lateral marginal vein of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis lateralis" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis lateralis pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:44359, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:44359 xref: MA:0002160 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 {source="FMA/obol"} ! popliteal vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001547 {source="FMA/obol"} ! small saphenous vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001549 name: dorsal metatarsal vein def: "The dorsal metatarsal veins are veins which drain the metatarsus of the foot. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_metatarsal_veins] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "metatarsal vein" EXACT [] synonym: "venae metatarsales dorsales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_metatarsal_veins] xref: FMA:44377 xref: MA:0002105 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Metatarsal_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 {source="FMA/obol"} ! popliteal vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001547 {source="FMA/obol"} ! small saphenous vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001550 name: medial marginal vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "medial marginal vein of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis medialis" EXACT [] synonym: "vena marginalis medialis pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:44420, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:44420 xref: MA:0002171 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001363 {source="FMA/obol"} ! great saphenous vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001551 name: sural vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:44561 xref: MA:0002231 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001544 {source="FMA/obol"} ! popliteal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001552 name: arcuate artery def: "One of the curved arteries at the corticomedullary border of the kidney that arise from the interlobar arteries and give rise to the interlobular arteries." [MP:0011315, Wikipedia:Arcuate_artery_of_the_foot] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "kidney arcuate artery" EXACT [MP:0011315] xref: EMAPA:28215 xref: FMA:44594 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Gray553.png xref: MA:0002583 xref: SCTID:244331005 is_a: UBERON:0005268 ! renal cortex artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0001553 name: medial tarsal artery comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:44598 xref: MA:0001998 xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Tarsal_Artery xref: SCTID:67925000 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001554 name: skin of hip def: "A zone of skin that is part of a hip region." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: AO notes: in MA this isa hindlimb skin synonym: "hip region zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip skin" EXACT [] synonym: "hip zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regio coxae zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18148 xref: FMA:45282 xref: MA:0000658 xref: SCTID:181518004 is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip [Term] id: UBERON:0001555 name: digestive tract def: "Tube extending from the mouth to the anus." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Human_gastrointestinal_tract, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=2991587&group_id=36855] comment: Terminology notes: we following Kardong in naming the entire tube from mouth to anus the alimentary canal. Kardong calls the portion of this tract that excludes buccal cavity and pharynx the 'alimentary canal', consider adding an extra class for this. AO notes: GO says gut is region of DT, from intestines to anus. ZFA treats as synonym for alimentary canal, and treats it as the sum of DT + organs (ZF has no term from stomach). GO says intestines to anus (excludes stomach and esophagus). MA appears to agree with GO (stomach and esophagus are not parts). FMA includes stomach and esophagus as parts of gut -- the FMA divides gut into lower and upper GI tract; it's not clear if this is exhaustive (small intestine is in neither), but lower GI tract may correspond better to the GO definition. NOTE: GO now changed, see sf id in def xref. Note that FMA also has a term 'gastrointestinal tract', but this includes the liver. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "alimentary canal" NARROW [] synonym: "digestive tube" RELATED [] synonym: "enteric tract" EXACT [ZFA:0000112] synonym: "gut" BROAD [] synonym: "gut tube" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010023 xref: BILA:0000083 xref: BTO:0000511 xref: BTO:0000545 xref: EHDAA2:0000726 xref: EHDAA:518 xref: EMAPA:16247 xref: FBbt:00003125 xref: FMA:45615 xref: galen:AlimentaryTract xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrointestinal_Tract xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi0GpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0000112 xref: TGMA:0001819 xref: VHOG:0000309 xref: WBbt:0005743 xref: ZFA:0000112 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system property_value: external_definition "The alimentary or digestive tract, and associated organs.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000112", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The bilaterian gut is typically a complete tube that opens to the exterior at both ends. It consists of mouth, foregut, midgut, hindgut, and anus (reference 1); Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000309", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030259821 Ruppert EE, Fox RS, Barnes RD, Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach (2003) p.203, ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:41324 {source="doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016309"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001556 name: lower urinary tract def: "Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the urinary bladder and the urethra." [FMA:45659] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:45659 xref: galen:LowerUrinaryTract xref: MA:0002636 xref: SCTID:181420004 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0001557 name: upper respiratory tract def: "Subdivision of respiratory system which consists of the nose, nasopharynx, oropharynx and larynx[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Upper_respiratory_tract] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0002136 xref: EMAPA:17669 xref: FMA:45661 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg/200px-Illu_conducting_passages.jpg xref: MA:0000442 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtT2HwgJMEdyAAADggVbxzQ xref: SCTID:361381009 xref: VHOG:0000406 is_a: UBERON:0000072 ! segment of respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0001558 name: lower respiratory tract def: "Subdivision of respiratory system which consists of the tracheobronchial tree, right lung and left lung.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Lower_respiratory_tract] subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0001036 xref: EMAPA:16738 xref: FMA:45662 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg/200px-Illu_conducting_passages.jpg xref: MA:0000435 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rQRqjUgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g xref: SCTID:281488008 xref: VHOG:0000382 is_a: UBERON:0000072 ! segment of respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0001559 name: obsolete head of organ comment: incorrect grouping synonym: "head organ" EXACT [MA:0000581] synonym: "organ head" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0001560 name: neck of organ synonym: "organ neck" EXACT [] xref: FMA:45733 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0001561 name: subcostal artery def: "The subcostal arteries, so named because they lie below the last ribs, constitute the lowest pair of branches derived from the thoracic aorta, and are in series with the intercostal arteries. Each passes along the lower border of the twelfth rib behind the kidney and in front of the Quadratus lumborum muscle, and is accompanied by the twelfth thoracic nerve. It then pierces the posterior aponeurosis of the Transversus abdominis, and, passing forward between this muscle and the Obliquus internus, anastomoses with the superior epigastric, lower intercostal, and lumbar arteries. Each subcostal artery gives off a posterior branch which has a similar distribution to the posterior ramus of an intercostal artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subcostal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:19097 xref: FMA:4613 xref: MA:0002048 xref: ncithesaurus:Subcostal_Artery xref: SCTID:244243008 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001562 name: digastric muscle def: "The digastric muscle (also digastricus) (named digastric as it has two bellies) is a small muscle located under the jaw. It lies below the body of the mandible, and extends, in a curved form, from the mastoid process to the symphysis menti. It belongs to the suprahyoid muscles group. A broad aponeurotic layer is given off from the tendon of the digastricus on either side, to be attached to the body and greater cornu of the hyoid bone; this is termed the suprahyoid aponeurosis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Digastric_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "digastric" EXACT [MA:0002288] synonym: "digastric muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Digastric_muscle] synonym: "digastricus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Digastric_muscle] synonym: "musculus digastricus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Digastric_muscle] synonym: "musculus digastricus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Digastric_muscle] xref: EMAPA:25134 xref: FMA:46291 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Digastricus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Digastricus.png/200px-Digastricus.png xref: MA:0002288 xref: ncithesaurus:Digastric_Muscle xref: SCTID:244825002 is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0008571 {source="FMA"} ! suprahyoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001685 {source="dbpedia", notes="Intermediate tendon"} ! hyoid bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia", notes="anterior belly - mandibular division of the trigeminal via the mylohyoid nerve; posterior belly - facial nerve"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001563 name: longus capitis muscle def: "The longus capitis (rectus capitis anticus major), broad and thick above, narrow below, arises by four tendinous slips, from the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrae, and ascends, converging toward its fellow of the opposite side, to be inserted into the inferior surface of the basilar part of the occipital bone. It is innervated by a branch of cervical plexus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Longus_capitis_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "longus capitis" EXACT [MA:0002340] synonym: "longus capitus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Longus_capitis_muscle] synonym: "m. rectus capitis posterior" EXACT [AAO:0010666] synonym: "musculus longus capitis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Longus_capitis_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitis anticus major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Longus_capitis_muscle] xref: AAO:0010666 xref: EMAPA:25131 xref: FMA:46308 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Longus_capitis.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Longus_capitis.png/200px-Longus_capitis.png xref: MA:0002340 xref: ncithesaurus:Longus_Capitis xref: SCTID:244837000 is_a: UBERON:0008549 {source="FMA-abduced"} ! prevertebral muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001692 {notes="basilar part of the occipital bone", source="dbpedia"} ! basioccipital bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000962 ! cervical nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 {source="dbpedia", notes="anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third fourth fifth and sixth cervical vertebræ"} ! transverse process of vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0001564 name: mylohyoid muscle def: "The mylohyoid muscle is a muscle running from the mandible to the hyoid bone, forming the floor of the oral cavity. These muscles are mesodermal in origin." [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle] comment: mylohyoideus and digastricus anterior of rats derived from intermandibularis posterior, see e.g. Jarvik [53] http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-213X/8/24/table/T3 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus mylohyoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle] synonym: "musculus mylohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle] synonym: "mylohyoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle] synonym: "mylohyoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle] synonym: "mylohyoideus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_muscle] xref: FMA:46320 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Mylohyoid_muscle.PNG xref: MA:0002344 xref: ncithesaurus:Mylohyoid xref: SCTID:244827005 is_a: UBERON:0008571 {source="FMA"} ! suprahyoid muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mesoderm relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003999 {source="dbpedia", notes="body of hyoid bone and median raphe"} ! hyoid bone body relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {source="dbpedia", notes="mylohyoid nerve from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve V3"} ! mandibular nerve property_value: external_definition "The mylohyoid is a pharyngeal arch I muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the nerve to mylohyoid and attaches to the midline raphe linking R and L mylohyoid and the mandible.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001565 name: geniohyoid def: "A jaw depressor muscle which in humans is a narrow muscle situated superior to the medial border of the mylohyoid muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Geniohyoid_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "genio-hyoideus" EXACT [] synonym: "genio-hyoideus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "geniohyoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Geniohyoid_muscle] synonym: "geniohyoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Geniohyoid_muscle] synonym: "geniohyoideus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Geniohyoid_muscle] synonym: "musculus geniohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Geniohyoid_muscle] xref: FMA:46325 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Geniohyoid_muscle.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Geniohyoid_muscle.PNG/200px-Geniohyoid_muscle.PNG xref: MA:0002308 xref: ncithesaurus:Geniohyoid xref: SCTID:244828000 is_a: UBERON:0008571 {source="FMA"} ! suprahyoid muscle is_a: UBERON:0011151 ! jaw depressor muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001685 {source="dbpedia"} ! hyoid bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001650 {notes="C1 via the hypoglossal nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! hypoglossal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006606 {source="dbpedia"} ! mandibular symphysis property_value: external_definition "The geniohyoid is a muscle that attaches to the mandible and the hyoid apparatus and is innervated by C1.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001566 name: cricothyroid muscle def: "The cricothyroid muscle attaches to the anterolateral aspect of the cricoid and the inferior cornu and lower lamina of the thyroid cartilage, tilting the thyroid forwards and tensing the vocal cords. It is the only laryngeal muscle supplied by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (rather than the recurrent laryngeal nerve). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cricothyroid_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cricothyroid" EXACT [] synonym: "cricothyroideus" EXACT [] synonym: "M. cricothyroideus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cricothyroid_muscle] synonym: "musculus cricothyroideus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46417, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:19270 xref: FMA:46417 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Musculuscricothyreoideus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Musculuscricothyreoideus.png/200px-Musculuscricothyreoideus.png xref: MA:0002284 xref: ncithesaurus:Cricothyroid_Muscle xref: SCTID:244809007 is_a: UBERON:0006328 ! laryngeal intrinsic muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001738 {notes="Inferior cornu and lamina of the thyroid cartilage", source="dbpedia"} ! thyroid cartilage relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001759 {source="dbpedia", notes="external laryngeal branch of the vagus"} ! vagus nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002375 {notes="Anterior and lateral cricoid cartilage", source="dbpedia"} ! cricoid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0001567 name: cheek def: "Cheeks constitute the area of the face below the eyes and between the nose and the left or right ear. It is fleshy in humans and other mammals, the skin being suspended by the chin and the jaws, and forming the lateral wall of the human mouth, visibly touching the cheekbone below the eye. In vertebrates, markings on the cheek area (malar stripes/spots/... ), particularly immediately beneath the eye, often serve as important distinguishing features between species or individuals. 'Buccal' means relating to the cheek. In humans, the region is innervated by the buccal nerve. The inside of the cheek (forming part of the mouth cavity) is lined with a mucous membrane. It is the most common location from which a DNA sample can be taken (during a cheek swab). The cheeks are covered externally by hairy skin, and internally by stratified squamous epithelium. This is mostly smooth, but may have aborally directed papillae . The mucosa is supplied with secretions from the Buccal glands, which are arranged in superior and inferior groups. In carnivores, the superior buccal gland is large and discrete: the Zygomatic gland. During mastication (chewing), the cheeks and tongue between them serve to keep the food between the teeth. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cheek] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "buccae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cheek] synonym: "jowl" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cheek] xref: BTO:0001754 xref: FMA:46476 xref: GAID:65 xref: galen:Cheek xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Chica_cachetona.jpg/200px-Chica_cachetona.jpg xref: MA:0002475 xref: MESH:A.01.456.505.173 xref: ncithesaurus:Cheek xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi5WZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182325008 xref: TAO:0002113 is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0004089 ! midface property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that includes the scales, skin, and muscles that are located ventral and posterior to the eye.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002113", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001568 name: muscle of larynx def: "the muscles associated with the larynx." [MP:0002263] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "laryngeal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "larynx muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "larynx muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "musculi laryngeales" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001626 xref: FMA:46562 xref: GAID:144 xref: MA:0001768 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Muscle xref: SCTID:181744001 is_a: UBERON:0002377 ! muscle of neck is_a: UBERON:0003831 ! respiratory system muscle is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001569 name: constrictor muscle of pharynx comment: TODO - evaluate taxonomic specificity - functional definition? subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pharyngeal constrictor muscle" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18964 xref: FMA:46620 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Musculusconstrictorpharyngissuperior.png/200px-Musculusconstrictorpharyngissuperior.png xref: MA:0002278 xref: SCTID:244799007 is_a: UBERON:0000933 ! pharyngeal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0001570 name: inferior pharyngeal constrictor def: "The Inferior pharyngeal constrictor, the thickest of the three constrictors, arises from the sides of the cricoid and thyroid cartilage. Similarly to the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscles, it is innervated by the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X), specifically, by branches from the pharyngeal plexus and by neuronal branches from the recurrent laryngeal nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "constrictor inferior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "constrictor muscle of pharynx inferior" EXACT [MA:0002279] synonym: "constrictor pharyngis inferior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "constrictores pharyngis caudales" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior constrictor" EXACT [FMA:46623] synonym: "inferior constrictor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "inferior constrictor muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "inferior constrictor of pharynx" EXACT [FMA:46623] synonym: "inferior constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46623] synonym: "inferior pharyngeal constrictor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46623, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] xref: FMA:46623 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Musculusconstrictorpharyngisinferior.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Musculusconstrictorpharyngisinferior.png/200px-Musculusconstrictorpharyngisinferior.png xref: MA:0002279 xref: SCTID:244803008 is_a: UBERON:0001569 ! constrictor muscle of pharynx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001738 {notes="cricoid and thyroid cartilage", source="dbpedia"} ! thyroid cartilage relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002375 {notes="cricoid and thyroid cartilage", source="dbpedia"} ! cricoid cartilage property_value: external_definition "This is a pharyngeal arch 4/6 muscle that is integral to the pharyngeal tube, participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus of the vagus n. and attaches to the laryngeal cartilages and the midline raphe.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001571 name: genioglossus def: "Either of a pair of lingual muscles with origin in the mandible, with insertion to the lingual fascia below the mucous membrane and epiglottis, with nerve supply from the hypoglossal nerve, and whose action depresses and protrudes the tongue." [VHOG:0000847, Wikipedia:Genioglossus_muscle] comment: taxon notes: Makes up bulk of tongue in frogs and salamanders; makes up entire tongue in caecilians. [AAO:0010660] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "genioglossus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus genioglossus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010660 xref: EHDAA2:0000704 xref: EHDAA:9150 xref: EMAPA:18276 xref: EMAPA:18881 xref: FMA:46690 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Genioglossus.png/200px-Genioglossus.png xref: MA:0002307 xref: ncithesaurus:Genioglossus xref: SCTID:244784007 xref: VHOG:0000847 is_a: UBERON:0001575 {source="FMA"} ! extrinsic muscle of tongue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010059 {source="EHDAA2"} ! hypoglossal cord relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001650 {source="dbpedia"} ! hypoglossal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass hyobranchial muscles (AAO:0000224)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010660", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Either of a pair of lingual muscles with origin in the mandible, with insertion to the lingual fascia below the mucous membrane and epiglottis, with nerve supply from the hypoglossal nerve, and whose action depresses and protrudes the tongue. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000847", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/genioglossus"} property_value: external_definition "Makes up bulk of tongue in frogs and salamanders; makes up entire tongue in caecilians.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010660", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BMZ"} property_value: external_definition "see Intrinsic Tongue.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} property_value: homology_notes "The lamprey head contains another group of muscles, the epi- and hypo-branchial muscles (EBM and HBM), derivatives of anterior trunk myotomes. (...) The origin and the migration pattern of HBM precursors are very similar to that of the gnathostome MPP, especially to that of the tongue muscle precursors. Other evidence of homology of lamprey HBM to the gnathostome tongue muscle is that HBM is innervated by the nerve termed the hypoglossal nerve based on its morphological position associated with the head/trunk interface. (...) The HBM-specific expression of the LampPax3/7 gene is consistent with the homology of this muscle to the gnathostome tongue muscle, or to the hypobranchial series as a whole (including the infrahyoid and possibly the diaphragm in mammals).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000847", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/dvdy.20587, DOI:10.1186/1471-213X-8-24 Table 7", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001572 name: hyoglossus muscle def: "The Hyoglossus, thin and quadrilateral, arises from the side of the body and from the whole length of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone, and passes almost vertically upward to enter the side of the tongue, between the Styloglossus and Longitudinalis inferior. The hyoglossus depresses and retracts the tongue makes the dorsum more convex The fibers arising from the body of the hyoid bone overlap those from the greater cornu. It is important in singing. Structures passing medially to the hyoglossus muscle are the lingual vein and lingual artery. Laterally, in between the hyoglossus muscle and the mylohyoid muscle lay several important structures (from superior in inferior): submandibular gland, submandibular duct, lingual nerve, vena comitans of hypoglossal nerve, and the hypoglossal nerve. Note, posteriorly, the lingual nerve is superior to the submandibular duct and a portion of the submandibular salivary gland protrudes into the space between the hyoglossus and mylohyoid muscles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hyoglossus_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hyoglossus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hyoglossus] xref: AAO:0010663 xref: EMAPA:18277 xref: EMAPA:18882 xref: FMA:46691 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hyoglossus.png/200px-Hyoglossus.png xref: MA:0002317 xref: ncithesaurus:Hyoglossus_Muscle xref: SCTID:244785008 is_a: UBERON:0001575 {source="FMA"} ! extrinsic muscle of tongue relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001650 {source="dbpedia"} ! hypoglossal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001685 {source="dbpedia", notes="lingual process in horse"} ! hyoid bone property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass hyobranchial muscles (AAO:0000224)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010663", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Makes up part of the tongue in frogs and salamanders.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010663", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BMZ"} property_value: external_definition "The hyoglossus is a muscle that attaches to the hyoid and tongue and is innervated by Cranial Nerve XII.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001573 name: styloglossus def: "The Styloglossus, the shortest and smallest of the three styloid muscles, arises from the anterior and lateral surfaces of the styloid process, near its apex, and from the stylomandibular ligament. Passing downward and forward between the internal and external carotid arteries, it divides upon the side of the tongue near its dorsal surface, blending with the fibers of the Longitudinalis inferior in front of the Hyoglossus; the other, oblique, overlaps the Hyoglossus and decussates with its fibers. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Styloglossus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus styloglossus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Styloglossus] synonym: "syloglossus muscle" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18279 xref: EMAPA:18884 xref: FMA:46692 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Styloglossus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Styloglossus.png/200px-Styloglossus.png xref: MA:0002387 xref: ncithesaurus:Styloglossus is_a: UBERON:0001575 {source="FMA"} ! extrinsic muscle of tongue relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001723 {notes="tip and sides of tongue", source="dbpedia"} ! tongue relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001650 {source="dbpedia"} ! hypoglossal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003960 {source="dbpedia"} ! styloid process of temporal bone property_value: external_definition "Styloglossus is a muscle that attaches to the tongue and stylohyal and is innervated by Cranial Nerve XII.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001574 name: palatoglossus muscle def: "The palatoglossus, glossopalatinus, or palatoglossal muscle is a small fleshy fasciculus, narrower in the middle than at either end, forming, with the mucous membrane covering its surface, the glossopalatine arch. It arises from the anterior surface of the soft palate, where it is continuous with the muscle of the opposite side, and passing downward, forward, and lateralward in front of the palatine tonsil, is inserted into the side of the tongue, some of its fibers spreading over the dorsum, and others passing deeply into the substance of the organ to intermingle with the Transversus linguæ. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Palatoglossus_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus palatoglossus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palatoglossus_muscle] synonym: "palatoglossal" EXACT [] synonym: "palatoglossal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "palatoglossus" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18278 xref: EMAPA:18883 xref: FMA:46697 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Gray1014.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gray1028.png/200px-Gray1028.png xref: MA:0002351 xref: ncithesaurus:Palatoglossus_Muscle xref: SCTID:244783001 is_a: UBERON:0003682 ! palatal muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001723 {source="dbpedia"} ! tongue relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001759 {source="dbpedia"} ! vagus nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003216 {source="dbpedia", notes="aponeurosis"} ! hard palate property_value: external_definition "Palatoglossus is a muscle that attaches to the soft palate and the tongue and is innervated by Cranial Nerve X via the pharyngeal plexus.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001575 name: extrinsic muscle of tongue comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "extrinsic tongue muscle" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0002063 xref: EHDAA:9148 xref: EMAPA:18275 xref: EMAPA:18880 xref: FMA:46699 xref: MA:0002296 xref: SCTID:244782006 xref: VHOG:0000825 is_a: UBERON:0000378 ! tongue muscle is_a: UBERON:0002036 {source="EHDAA2"} ! striated muscle tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011332 ! extrinsic tongue pre-muscle mass relationship: part_of UBERON:0003273 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeletal muscle of tongue property_value: homology_notes "The lamprey head contains another group of muscles, the epi- and hypo-branchial muscles (EBM and HBM), derivatives of anterior trunk myotomes. (...) The origin and the migration pattern of HBM precursors are very similar to that of the gnathostome MPP, especially to that of the tongue muscle precursors. Other evidence of homology of lamprey HBM to the gnathostome tongue muscle is that HBM is innervated by the nerve termed the hypoglossal nerve based on its morphological position associated with the head/trunk interface. (...) The HBM-specific expression of the LampPax3/7 gene is consistent with the homology of this muscle to the gnathostome tongue muscle, or to the hypobranchial series as a whole (including the infrahyoid and possibly the diaphragm in mammals).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000825", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/dvdy.20587 Kusakabe R, Kuratani S, Evolution and developmental patterning of the vertebrate skeletal muscles: perspectives from the lamprey. Developmental Dynamics (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001576 name: intrinsic muscle of tongue comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "intrinsic lingual muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "intrinsic tongue muscle" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0002064 xref: EHDAA:9152 xref: EMAPA:18280 xref: EMAPA:18885 xref: FMA:46701 xref: MA:0002327 xref: SCTID:244788005 xref: VHOG:0000748 is_a: UBERON:0000378 ! tongue muscle is_a: UBERON:0002036 {source="EHDAA2"} ! striated muscle tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010059 {source="EHDAA2"} ! hypoglossal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0003273 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeletal muscle of tongue property_value: external_definition "The intrinsic tongue muscles are an integral part of the tongue that are innervated by Cranial Nerve XII.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} property_value: homology_notes "The lamprey head contains another group of muscles, the epi- and hypo-branchial muscles (EBM and HBM), derivatives of anterior trunk myotomes. (...) The origin and the migration pattern of HBM precursors are very similar to that of the gnathostome MPP, especially to that of the tongue muscle precursors. Other evidence of homology of lamprey HBM to the gnathostome tongue muscle is that HBM is innervated by the nerve termed the hypoglossal nerve based on its morphological position associated with the head/trunk interface. (...) The HBM-specific expression of the LampPax3/7 gene is consistent with the homology of this muscle to the gnathostome tongue muscle, or to the hypobranchial series as a whole (including the infrahyoid and possibly the diaphragm in mammals).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000748", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/dvdy.20587 Kusakabe R, Kuratani S, Evolution and developmental patterning of the vertebrate skeletal muscles: perspectives from the lamprey. Developmental Dynamics (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001577 name: facial muscle def: "The facial muscles are a group of striated muscles innervated by the facial nerve that, among other things, control facial expression. These muscles are also called mimetic muscles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Facial_muscles] comment: AO notes: Check the MA class cranial/facial muscle, this may be broader. Editor notes: currently defined by innervation, check this. Editor notes: PMID:19531159 states that facial muscles are hyoid muscles subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cranial/facial muscle" RELATED [MA:0000579] synonym: "face muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "face muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "facial muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "facial nerve innervated muscle" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "mimetic muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Facial_muscles] synonym: "muscle of face" EXACT [FMA:46751] synonym: "muscle of facial expression" RELATED [Wikipedia:Facial_muscles] synonym: "muscle organ of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscles of facial expression" RELATED [Wikipedia:Facial_muscles] synonym: "musculi faciei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_muscles] xref: EMAPA:25133 xref: FMA:46751 xref: GAID:143 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray378.png/200px-Gray378.png xref: MA:0000579 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.400 xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Muscle xref: SCTID:25903009 xref: XAO:0001013 is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve disjoint_from: UBERON:0003681 ! masticatory muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003066 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0004473 ! musculature of face [Term] id: UBERON:0001578 name: orbicularis oculi def: "The 'orbicularis oculi' is a muscle in the face that closes the eyelids. It arises from the nasal part of the frontal bone, from the frontal process of the maxilla in front of the lacrimal groove, and from the anterior surface and borders of a short fibrous band, the medial palpebral ligament. From this origin, the fibers are directed lateralward, forming a broad and thin layer, which occupies the eyelids or palpebræ, surrounds the circumference of the orbit, and spreads over the temple, and downward on the cheek. The palpebral portion of the muscle is thin and pale; it arises from the bifurcation of the medial palpebral ligament, forms a series of concentric curves, and is inserted into the lateral palpebral raphé. The orbital portion is thicker and of a reddish color; its fibers form a complete ellipse without interruption at the lateral palpebral commissure; the upper fibers of this portion blend with the Frontalis and Corrugator. The lacrimal part (Tensor tarsi) is a small, thin muscle, about 6 mm. in breadth and 12 mm. in length, situated behind the medial palpebral ligament and lacrimal sac. It arises from the posterior crest and adjacent part of the orbital surface of the lacrimal bone, and passing behind the lacrimal sac, divides into two slips, upper and lower, which are inserted into the superior and inferior tarsi medial to the puncta lacrimalia; occasionally it is very indistinct. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oculi_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus orbicularis oculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oculi_muscle] synonym: "orbicularis oculi muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oculi_muscle] synonym: "tensor tarsi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oculi_muscle] xref: FMA:46779 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gray379.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gray379.png/200px-Gray379.png xref: MA:0001254 xref: ncithesaurus:Orbicularis_Oculi xref: SCTID:244726006 is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0004277 ! eye muscle is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {notes="branches of the facial nerve and Zygomatic branches of Facial Nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000209 {source="dbpedia"} ! tetrapod frontal bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001680 {source="dbpedia"} ! lacrimal bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004724 {source="dbpedia"} ! medial palpebral ligament relationship: part_of UBERON:0001601 ! extra-ocular muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0001579 name: olfactory nerve def: "Segment of neural tree organ which is continuous with the olfactory epithelium and an olfactory bulb. The olfactory nerve supplies the nasal organ." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Olfactory_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-I" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve I" RELATED [] synonym: "fila olfactoria" RELATED [BTO:0003648] synonym: "first cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve of smell" RELATED [BTO:0003648] synonym: "nervus olfactorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_nerve] synonym: "nervus olfactorius" RELATED [BTO:0003648] synonym: "nervus olfactorius [i]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46787, FMA:TA] synonym: "olfactory fila" RELATED [BTO:0003648] synonym: "olfactory I" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001293] synonym: "olfactory i nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "Olfactory nerve [I]" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010088 xref: BTO:0003648 xref: EHDAA2:0001293 xref: EHDAA:6672 xref: EMAPA:17797 xref: FMA:46787 xref: GAID:830 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Gray771.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray771.png/200px-Gray771.png xref: MA:0001096 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.640 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1319 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZuXAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180937006 xref: TAO:0000249 xref: VHOG:0000703 xref: XAO:0000426 xref: ZFA:0000249 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 {source="Wikipedia"} ! olfactory placode property_value: external_definition "Nerve that carries information from the olfactory epithelium through the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex of the telencephalon.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010088", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000703", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001580 name: levator labii superioris def: "The levator labii superioris (or quadratus labii superioris) is a broad sheet, the origin of which extends from the side of the nose to the zygomatic bone. Its medial fibers form the angular head, which arises by a pointed extremity from the upper part of the frontal process of the maxilla and passing obliquely downward and lateralward divides into two slips. One of these is inserted into the greater alar cartilage and skin of the nose; the other is prolonged into the lateral part of the upper lip, blending with the infraorbital head and with the Orbicularis oris. The intermediate portion or infraorbital head arises from the lower margin of the orbit immediately above the infraorbital foramen, some of its fibers being attached to the maxilla, others to the zygomatic bone. Its fibers converge, to be inserted into the muscular substance of the upper lip between the angular head and the Caninus. The lateral fibers, forming the zygomatic head, arise from the malar surface of the zygomatic bone immediately behind the zygomaticomaxillary suture and pass downward and medialward to the upper lip. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus levator labii superioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris] xref: FMA:46805 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Levator_labii_superioris.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Levator_labii_superioris.png/200px-Levator_labii_superioris.png xref: MA:0002333 xref: ncithesaurus:Levator_Labii_Superioris is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001458 {source="dbpedia", notes="Skin and muscle of the upper lip"} ! skin of lip relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001834 {source="dbpedia", notes="Skin and muscle of the upper lip"} ! upper lip relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {notes="zygomatic branch", source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001581 name: depressor labii inferioris def: "The depressor labii inferioris (or quadratus labii inferioris) is a facial muscle that helps lower the bottom lip. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Depressor_labii_inferioris_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:46816 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Depressor_labii_inferioris.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Depressor_labii_inferioris.png/200px-Depressor_labii_inferioris.png xref: MA:0002287 xref: ncithesaurus:Depressor_Labii_Inferioris is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001835 {notes="integument of the lower lip Orbicularis oris fibers its fellow of the opposite side", source="dbpedia"} ! lower lip relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010933 {notes="integument of the lower lip Orbicularis oris fibers its fellow of the opposite side", source="dbpedia"} ! orbicularis oris muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001684 {notes="oblique line of the mandible between the symphysis and the mental foramen", source="dbpedia"} ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0001582 name: buccinator muscle def: "a thin quadrilateral muscle, occupying the interval between the maxilla and the mandible at the side of the face." [Wikipedia:Buccinator_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "buccinator" EXACT [] synonym: "buccinatorius" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus buccinator" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus buccinator" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Buccinator_muscle] xref: FMA:46834 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Buccinator.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Buccinator.jpg/200px-Buccinator.jpg xref: MA:0002272 xref: ncithesaurus:Buccinator xref: SCTID:244747005 is_a: UBERON:0001577 {source="FMA"} ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011386 {source="FEED", notes="dbpedia says: in the fibers of the orbicularis oris"} ! facial modiolus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia", notes="buccal branch"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003700 {comment="not strictly an attachment site", source="dbpedia", notes="from the alveolar processes of the maxillary bone and mandible temporomandibular joint"} ! temporomandibular joint relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004528 {source="dbpedia", notes="from the alveolar processes of the maxillary bone and mandible temporomandibular joint"} ! alveolar ridge of mandible property_value: external_definition "The buccinator is a muscle that is attached to the mandible, skin, pterygomandibular raphe and maxilla, and is innervated by Cranial Nerve VII and participates in oropharyngeal behavior.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001583 name: extrinsic auricular muscle def: "auricular muscle attaching the cartilage of the ear to the epicranial aponeurosis. The 3 extrinsic auricular muscles in humans are: anterior auricular muscle superior auricular muscle posterior auricular muscle [WP,modified]." [http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/auricle.html, Wikipedia:Auriculares_muscles] comment: Note the Wikipedia topic refers to the extrinsic auricular muscles synonym: "musculi auriculares" BROAD LATIN [Wikipedia:Auriculares_muscles] xref: FMA:46854 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Gray906.png/250px-Gray906.png xref: MA:0001230 is_a: UBERON:0001595 {source="FMA"} ! auricular muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001848 ! auricular cartilage relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006661 ! epicranial aponeurosis [Term] id: UBERON:0001584 name: left subclavian artery def: "In human anatomy, the subclavian artery is a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms. It is located below the clavicle, hence the name. There is a left subclavian and a right subclavian. On the left side of the body, the subclavian comes directly off the arch of aorta. On the right side of the body, the subclavian arises from the relatively short brachiocephalic artery (trunk) when it bifurcates into the subclavian and the right common carotid artery. The usual branches of the subclavian on both sides of the body are the vertebral artery, the internal thoracic artery, the thyrocervical trunk, the costocervical trunk and the dorsal scapular artery. The subclavian becomes the axillary artery at the lateral border of the first rib. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subclavian_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:4694 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Gray506.svg/200px-Gray506.svg.png xref: MA:0002046 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Subclavian_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW7hw6gEEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvp8u1JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244245001 is_a: UBERON:0001533 ! subclavian artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001585 name: anterior vena cava def: "Trunk of systemic vein which is formed by the union of the right and left brachiocephalic veins and terminates in the right atrium." [Wikipedia:Superior_vena_cava] comment: The mouse has both left and right anterior vena cava. adult humans only have a right. Postnatally the left regresses and becomes non-functional (Wessels and Sedmera 2003). In the mouse, The right pulmonary vein passes dorsal to the right superior vena cava, the left pulmonary dorsal to the left superior vena cava (Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, Green). subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cranial vena cava" RELATED [VHOG:0001195] synonym: "superior vena cava" EXACT [FMA:4720] synonym: "vena cava superior" RELATED [BTO:0002683] synonym: "vena cava superior, vena maxima" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_vena_cava] xref: BTO:0002683 xref: EHDAA2:0001962 xref: EHDAA:8726 xref: EMAPA:18417 xref: FMA:4720 xref: GAID:549 xref: galen:SuperiorVenaCava xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Venenwinkel.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Venenwinkel.png/200px-Venenwinkel.png xref: MA:0000481 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.949.815 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Vena_Cava xref: SCTID:181368006 xref: VHOG:0001195 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetic modifications within this basic pattern of arteries and veins are largely correlated with functional changes. In the transition from water to land, gills gave way to lungs, accompanied by the establishment of a pulmonary circulation. In some fishes and certainly in tetrapods, the cardinal veins become less involved in blood return. Instead, the composite, prominent postcava (posterior vena cava) arose to drain the posterior part of the body and the precava (anterior vena cava) developed to drain the anterior part of the body.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001195", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.454-455", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001586 name: internal jugular vein def: "The two internal jugular veins collect the blood from the brain, the superficial parts of the face, and the neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_jugular_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "internal jugular" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000877] synonym: "internal jugular venous tree" EXACT [] synonym: "vena jugularis interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_jugular_vein] xref: AAO:0010236 xref: EHDAA2:0000877 xref: EHDAA:5407 xref: EMAPA:17620 xref: FMA:4724 xref: galen:InternalJugularVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray562.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray562.png/200px-Gray562.png xref: MA:0002157 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Jugular_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvqdb95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000878 xref: SCTID:181372005 xref: XAO:0000382 is_a: UBERON:0004711 ! jugular vein property_value: external_definition "Vein which receives many veins draining the palate, brain, and the orbital, nasal, and auditory regions.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010236", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001587 name: subclavian vein def: "In human anatomy, the subclavian veins are two large veins, one on either side of the body. Its diameter is approximately that of the small finger. It is divided into right and left subclavian vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subclavian_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "subclavian venous tree" EXACT [] synonym: "vena subclavia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subclavian_vein] xref: AAO:0010510 xref: EHDAA2:0001934 xref: EHDAA:4455 xref: EMAPA:17621 xref: FMA:4725 xref: GAID:546 xref: galen:SubclavianVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray1174.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Gray1174.png/200px-Gray1174.png xref: MA:0002221 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.877 xref: ncithesaurus:Subclavian_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvvtMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181388005 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from the forelimb via the brachial veins and from the muscles and skin of the trunk via the anterior epigastric and lateral veins.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010510", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001588 name: vertebral vein def: "The vertebral vein is formed in the suboccipital triangle, from numerous small tributaries which spring from the internal vertebral venous plexuses and issue from the vertebral canal above the posterior arch of the atlas. They unite with small veins from the deep muscles at the upper part of the back of the neck, and form a vessel which enters the foramen in the transverse process of the atlas, and descends, forming a dense plexus around the vertebral artery, in the canal formed by the foramina transversaria of the cervical vertebrae. This plexus ends in a single trunk, which emerges from the foramen transversarium of the sixth cervical vertebra, and opens at the root of the neck into the back part of the innominate vein near its origin, its mouth being guarded by a pair of valves. On the right side, it crosses the first part of the subclavian artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena vertebralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vertebral_vein] xref: AAO:0010509 xref: FMA:4727 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Gray563.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Gray563.png/200px-Gray563.png xref: MA:0002262 xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwKt8xJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:303961000 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from the muscles of the neck and drains into the internal jugular.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010509", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001589 name: internal thoracic vein def: "In human anatomy, the internal thoracic vein (previously known as the internal mammary vein) is a vessel that drains the chest wall and mamma, a term used for breast in anatomy. Bilaterally, it arises from the superior epigastric vein, accompanies the internal thoracic artery along its course and terminates in the brachiocephalic vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_thoracic_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena thoracica interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_thoracic_vein] xref: EMAPA:18641 xref: FMA:4729 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray577.png xref: MA:0002237 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Thoracic_Vein xref: SCTID:281056008 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001590 name: pericardiacophrenic vein def: "Vena comitans of the pericardiacophrenic arteries." [Wikipedia:Pericardiacophrenic_veins] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "venae pericardiacophrenicae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pericardiacophrenic_veins] xref: FMA:4742 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray530.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gray530.png/200px-Gray530.png xref: MA:0002187 xref: ncithesaurus:Pericardiacophrenic_Vein xref: SCTID:361626007 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001591 name: thymic vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "thymic tributary of brachiocephalic vein" EXACT [] xref: FMA:4747 xref: MA:0002246 xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Vein xref: SCTID:303432009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001592 name: bronchial vein def: "The bronchial veins are small vessels that return blood from the larger bronchi and structures at the roots of the lungs. The right side drains into the azygos vein, while the left side drains into the left superior intercostal vein or the accessory hemiazygos vein. The bronchial veins are counterparts to the bronchial arteries. The veins, however, do not return all of the blood supplied by the arteries; much of the blood that is carried in the bronchial arteries is returned to the heart via the pulmonary veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Bronchial_veins] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchial venous tree" EXACT [] xref: FMA:4749 xref: MA:0002088 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchial_Vein xref: SCTID:198293000 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001593 name: venous plexus def: "a congregation of multiple veins." [Wikipedia:Venous_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "rete venosum, plexus venosus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Venous_plexus] synonym: "venous network" EXACT [] xref: FMA:4767 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png xref: MA:0000069 xref: SCTID:322151008 is_a: UBERON:0005629 ! vascular plexus relationship: has_part UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system [Term] id: UBERON:0001594 name: azygos vein def: "An unpaired vein which in humans arises from the right ascending lumbar vein or the vena cava, enters the thorax through the aortic orifice in the diaphragm, and terminates in the superior vena cava; unlike humans, mice have a single and left-sided azygos vein that develops from the paired embryonic cardinal venous system and drains most of the right and left thoracic walls into the left anterior vena cava[MP]." [MP:0011569, Wikipedia:Azygos_vein] comment: Editor notes: check development relationships in different species subset: uberon_slim synonym: "azygos venous tree" EXACT [] synonym: "vena azygos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Azygos_vein] xref: EMAPA:18250 xref: FMA:4838 xref: GAID:528 xref: galen:AzygosVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Azygos_vein.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Azygos_vein.png/200px-Azygos_vein.png xref: MA:0002085 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.106 xref: ncithesaurus:Azygos_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008268 {source="ISBN-10:0443065837"} ! right supracardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001595 name: auricular muscle synonym: "attolens aurem muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] synonym: "attrahens aurem muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] synonym: "auriculares" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] synonym: "auriculares anterior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] synonym: "auriculares muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] synonym: "auricularis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] synonym: "auricularis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] synonym: "auricularis muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] synonym: "muscle of auricle" EXACT [] synonym: "temporoparietalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Auricular_muscles] xref: FMA:48966 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Gray906.png/200px-Gray906.png xref: MA:0001229 xref: SCTID:244757006 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001848 ! auricular cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 {source="MA"} ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0001596 name: intrinsic auricular muscle def: "auricular muscle attached only to the cartilage of the ear and not to the epicranial aponeurosis" [http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/auricle.html] xref: FMA:48967 xref: MA:0001231 xref: SCTID:244762007 is_a: UBERON:0001595 {source="FMA"} ! auricular muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 {source="FMA"} ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0001597 name: masseter muscle def: "jaw muscle of therapsids which permits the longitudinal, grinding, motions of the jaw. The masseter is derived from the m. adductor mandibulae externus, which originates in the adductor chamber (in the temporal fenestra) and inserts on the coronoid process and internal surface of the lower jaw.[Palaeos]." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryM.html, Wikipedia:Masseter_muscle] comment: The division of the adductor mandibulae in the various lines of tetrapod evolution correlates with divergences in their methods of feeding. (...) As the jaws become stronger and their movements more complex in the line of evolution toward mammals, the adductor complex becomes divided into several distinct muscles (temporalis, masseter, pterygoideus, tensor tympani, tensor veli palati)[VHOG] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "masseter" RELATED [BTO:0001755] synonym: "musculus masseter" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Masseter_muscle] xref: BTO:0001755 xref: EFO:0001424 xref: EHDAA2:0001067 xref: EHDAA:10561 xref: EMAPA:25135 xref: FMA:48996 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Illu_head_neck_muscle.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Illu_head_neck_muscle.jpg/200px-Illu_head_neck_muscle.jpg xref: MA:0002343 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.600.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Masseter_Muscle xref: SCTID:181738000 xref: VHOG:0000823 is_a: UBERON:0003681 {source="FMA"} ! masticatory muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0005467 {source="dbpedia"} ! platysma relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004660 {source="dbpedia", notes="coronoid process ramus of mandible cementomaxillary tendon and cementomandibular tendon"} ! mandible coronoid process relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0011321 ! masseteric nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 {source="dbpedia", notes="zygomatic arch and maxilla"} ! maxilla relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002500 {source="dbpedia", notes="zygomatic arch and maxilla"} ! zygomatic arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 {source="FMA"} ! cheek property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, is innervated by masseteric nerve branches, and attaches to mandible and zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} property_value: homology_notes "The division of the adductor mandibulae in the various lines of tetrapod evolution correlates with divergences in their methods of feeding. (...) As the jaws become stronger and their movements more complex in the line of evolution toward mammals, the adductor complex becomes divided into several distinct muscles (temporalis, masseter, pterygoideus, tensor tympani, tensor veli palati).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000823", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.333-334 and same reference Table 10-4", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001598 name: temporalis muscle def: "The temporal muscle is one of the muscles of mastication. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Temporal_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus temporalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:49006, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus temporalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_muscle] synonym: "temporal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "temporalis" EXACT [MA:0002390] xref: EHDAA2:0002001 xref: EHDAA:10565 xref: EMAPA:25138 xref: FMA:49006 xref: GAID:148 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Gray382.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Gray382.png/200px-Gray382.png xref: MA:0002390 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.600.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Muscle xref: SCTID:181739008 xref: VHOG:0000929 is_a: UBERON:0003681 ! masticatory muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0005467 {source="dbpedia"} ! platysma relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004660 {notes="coronoid process of the mandible.", source="dbpedia"} ! mandible coronoid process relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {source="dbpedia"} ! mandibular nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that is innervated by the deep temporal nerves and attaches to the wall of the braincase and mandible.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} property_value: homology_notes "The division of the adductor mandibulae in the various lines of tetrapod evolution correlates with divergences in their methods of feeding. (...) As the jaws become stronger and their movements more complex in the line of evolution toward mammals, the adductor complex becomes divided into several distinct muscles (temporalis, masseter, pterygoideus, tensor tympani, tensor veli palati).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000929", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.333-334 and Table 10-4", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001599 name: stapedius muscle def: "The stapedius is the smallest skeletal muscle in the human body. At just over one millimeter in length, its purpose is to stabilize the smallest bone in the body, the stapes. The stapedius emerges from a pinpoint foramen in the apex of the pyramidal eminence (a hollow, cone-shaped prominence in the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity), and inserts into the neck of the stapes. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Stapedius_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus stapedius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stapedius_muscle] synonym: "stapedius" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001909] xref: EHDAA:9029 xref: EMAPA:18586 xref: FMA:49027 xref: GAID:164 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Musculusstapedius.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Musculusstapedius.png/200px-Musculusstapedius.png xref: MA:0001220 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.950 xref: ncithesaurus:Stapedius_Muscle xref: SCTID:244780003 xref: VHOG:0000813 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0004113 ! muscle of auditory ossicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010929 ! stapedius pre-muscle condensation relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001687 {source="dbpedia", notes="neck of stapes"} ! stapes relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="Kardong"} ! facial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear property_value: homology_notes "The depressor mandibulae of tetrapods, which opens the jaws, is the homologue of the levator operculi and epihyoidean. In mammals, the depressor mandibulae evolves into the stapedius (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000813", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.398", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001600 name: tensor tympani alt_id: UBERON:0005238 def: "the larger of the two muscles of the tympanic cavity, is contained in the bony canal above the osseous portion of the auditory tube. Its role is to dampen sounds produced from chewing. It arises from the cartilaginous portion of the auditory tube and the adjoining part of the great wing of the sphenoid, as well as from the osseous canal in which it is contained. Passing backward through the canal, it ends in a slender tendon which enters the tympanic cavity, makes a sharp bend around the extremity of the septum, known as the processus cochleariformis[1], and is inserted into the manubrium of the malleus, near its root[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tensor_tympani_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "eustachian muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "M. tensor tympani" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tensor_tympani_muscle] synonym: "musculus tensor tympani" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tensor_tympani_muscle] synonym: "tensor tympani muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tensor_tympani_muscle] synonym: "tympanic muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tensor_tympani_muscle] xref: EHDAA2:0002002 xref: EHDAA:10167 xref: EHDAA:10191 xref: EMAPA:18587 xref: FMA:49028 xref: GAID:166 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Gray912.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Gray912.png/200px-Gray912.png xref: MA:0001221 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.975 xref: ncithesaurus:Tensor_Tympani xref: SCTID:244779001 xref: VHOG:0000698 is_a: UBERON:0004112 ! muscle of middle ear is_a: UBERON:0004113 ! muscle of auditory ossicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010935 ! tensor tympani pre-muscle condensation relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006722 {source="dbpedia", notes="handle of the malleus"} ! manubrium of malleus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {notes="medial pterygoid nerve from the mandibular nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! mandibular nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002393 {source="dbpedia"} ! pharyngotympanic tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity property_value: homology_notes "The division of the adductor mandibulae in the various lines of tetrapod evolution correlates with divergences in their methods of feeding. (...) As the jaws become stronger and their movements more complex in the line of evolution toward mammals, the adductor complex becomes divided into several distinct muscles (temporalis, masseter, pterygoideus, tensor tympani, tensor veli palati).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000698", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.333-334 and same reference Table 10-4", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001601 name: extra-ocular muscle alt_id: UBERON:0006229 def: "Skeletal muscle derived from cranial mesoderm and controls eye movements." [GO:0002074, Wikipedia:Extraocular_muscles] comment: AO notes: BTO and MA consider this part of the eye; we follow them here (inferred from skeletal muscle). Not clear if omission from FMA is deliberate. Editor notes: todo - resolve discrepancies in which muscles are considered extra-ocular. Taxon notes: Mammals have 7 extra-ocular muscles, but humans lack the M. retractor bulbi. Note in ZFA this is the set of muscles. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "extra-ocular skeletal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "extraocular muscle" EXACT [FMA:49033] synonym: "extraocular musculature" EXACT [ZFA:0000511] synonym: "extraocular skeletal muscle" EXACT [MA:0001271] synonym: "extrinsic eye muscle" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "extrinsic muscle of eyeball" EXACT [FMA:49033] synonym: "extrinsic ocular muscle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000482] synonym: "musculi externi bulbi oculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extraocular_muscles] xref: AAO:0010028 xref: BTO:0001579 xref: EFO:0001921 xref: EHDAA2:0000482 xref: EHDAA:5729 xref: EMAPA:18234 xref: FMA:49033 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/MRI_of_human_eye.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/MRI_of_human_eye.jpg/200px-MRI_of_human_eye.jpg xref: MA:0001271 xref: SCTID:181150000 xref: TAO:0000511 xref: VHOG:0000549 xref: ZFA:0000511 is_a: UBERON:0004277 {source="MA"} ! eye muscle is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006230 {source="EHDAA2"} ! extrinsic ocular pre-muscle mass relationship: has_part UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003269 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeletal muscle of eye property_value: external_definition "Any of the six small muscles that control movement of the eyeball within the socket. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000549", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/extraocular+muscle"} property_value: external_definition "Muscles surrounding the eye (bulbus oculi) and having an effect on eye movements.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010028", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these (extrinsic ocular) muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000549", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.331", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001602 name: medial rectus alt_id: UBERON:0004836 def: "The medial rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. As with most of the muscles of the orbit, it is innervated by the inferior division of the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III). This muscle shares an origin with several other extrinsic eye muscles, the anulus tendineus, or common tendon. It is the largest of the extraocular muscles and its only action is adduction of the eyeball. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_rectus_muscle] comment: Taxon notes (from VHOG): "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution." Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.331 [VHOG:0001127] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "medial rectus extraocular muscle" EXACT [MA:0001281] synonym: "medial rectus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus rectus medialis bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_rectus_muscle] xref: FMA:49037 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png/200px-Eyemuscles.png xref: MA:0001281 xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Rectus_Muscle xref: SCTID:181151001 xref: TAO:0000301 xref: VHOG:0001127 xref: ZFA:0000301 is_a: UBERON:0006533 {source="MA"} ! rectus extraocular muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001643 {source="dbpedia", notes="inferior division of the oculomotor nerve"} ! oculomotor nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001127", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.331", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001603 name: lateral rectus extra-ocular muscle alt_id: UBERON:0004837 def: "The lateral rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. It is one of six extraocular muscles that control the movements of the eye (abduction in this case) and the only muscle innervated by the abducens nerve, cranial nerve VI. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_rectus_muscle] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral rectus" EXACT [FMA:49038] synonym: "lateral rectus extraocular muscle" EXACT [MA:0001280] synonym: "lateral rectus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "M. rectus lateralis" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus rectus lateralis" EXACT [AAO:0010107] synonym: "musculus rectus lateralis bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_rectus_muscle] xref: AAO:0010107 xref: FMA:49038 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png/200px-Eyemuscles.png xref: MA:0001280 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Rectus_Muscle xref: SCTID:181152008 xref: TAO:0000383 xref: VHOG:0001129 xref: ZFA:0000383 is_a: UBERON:0006533 {source="MA"} ! rectus extraocular muscle disjoint_from: UBERON:0003250 ! rectus capitis lateralis relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001646 {source="dbpedia"} ! abducens nerve property_value: external_definition "Cranial nerve VI innervated; lateral in the rectus group.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010107", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001129", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.331", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001604 name: levator palpebrae superioris def: "The levator palpebrae superioris (or levator muscle of upper eyelid) is the muscle in the orbit that elevates the superior (upper) eyelid. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Levator_palpebrae_superioris] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:49041 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png/200px-Eyemuscles.png xref: MA:0001272 xref: ncithesaurus:Levator_Palpebrae_Superioris xref: SCTID:244774006 is_a: UBERON:0001601 {source="FMA"} ! extra-ocular muscle is_a: UBERON:0003660 ! eyelid muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 {source="FMA"} ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0001605 name: ciliary muscle def: "The ciliary muscle is a smooth muscle in the eye that controls the eye's accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humour through Schlemm's canal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Bowman`s muscles" RELATED [BTO:0000654] synonym: "musculus ciliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ciliary_muscle] synonym: "musculus ciliarus" EXACT [BTO:0000654] xref: BTO:0000654 xref: FMA:49151 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Gray872.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gray872.png/200px-Gray872.png xref: MA:0001269 xref: ncithesaurus:Ciliary_Muscle xref: SCTID:280862009 is_a: UBERON:0003386 {source="MA"} ! smooth muscle of eye is_a: UBERON:0011222 {source="FMA"} ! intra-ocular muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 {source="FMA"} ! ciliary body [Term] id: UBERON:0001606 name: muscle of iris def: "." [Wikipedia:Iris_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "iris muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "iris muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:49154 xref: MA:0001287 xref: SCTID:280888007 is_a: UBERON:0011222 {source="FMA"} ! intra-ocular muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris [Term] id: UBERON:0001607 name: sphincter pupillae def: "The iris sphincter muscle (pupillary sphincter, circular muscle of iris, circular fibers) is a muscle in the part of the eye called the iris. It encircles the eye, appropriate to its function as a constrictor. It is found in vertebrates and some cephalopods. In humans, it functions to constrict the pupil in bright light or during accommodation. Its dimensions are about 0.75 mm wide by 0.15 mm thick. It is controlled by parasympathetic fibers that originate from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, travel along the oculomotor nerve (CN III), synapse in the ciliary ganglion, and then enter the eye via the short ciliary nerves. Initially, all the myocytes are of the smooth muscle type, but much later in life, so that ultimately most cells are of the striated muscle type. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] comment: Taxon notes: WP says: It is found in vertebrates and some cephalopods; this class refers to the vertebrate structure. Function notes: constricts iris subset: uberon_slim synonym: "circular fibers" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] synonym: "constrictor pupillae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] synonym: "iris constrictor" RELATED [] synonym: "iris constrictor muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] synonym: "iris sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] synonym: "iris sphincter muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000656] synonym: "M. sphincter pupillae" EXACT [] synonym: "m. sphincter pupillae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] synonym: "musculus sphincter pupillae" EXACT [BTO:0000656] synonym: "pupillary constrictor muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] synonym: "pupillary sphincter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] synonym: "pupillary sphincter muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] synonym: "sphincter muscle of pupil" EXACT [BTO:0000656] synonym: "sphincter pupillae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] synonym: "sphincter pupillae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] synonym: "spincter pupillae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_sphincter_muscle] xref: BTO:0000656 xref: FMA:49157 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray878.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Gray878.png/200px-Gray878.png xref: MA:0001289 xref: ncithesaurus:Sphincter_Pupillae_Muscle xref: SCTID:280889004 is_a: UBERON:0004234 {source="BTO"} ! iris smooth muscle is_a: UBERON:0007521 ! smooth muscle sphincter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 intersection_of: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001608 {source="dbpedia"} ! dilatator pupillae relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001769 {source="dbpedia", notes="encircles iris"} ! iris relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001769 {source="dbpedia", notes="encircles iris"} ! iris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris [Term] id: UBERON:0001608 name: dilatator pupillae def: "The iris dilator muscle (pupil dilator muscle, pupillary dilator, radial muscle of iris, radiating fibers), is a smooth muscle of the eye, running radially in the iris and therefore fit as a dilator. It is innervated by the sympathetic system, which acts by releasing noradrenaline, which acts on α1-receptors. Thus, when presented with a threatening stimuli that activates the fight-or-flight response, this innervation dilates the iris, thus temporarily letting more light reach the retina. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dilator muscle of pupil" EXACT [] synonym: "dilator of pupil" EXACT [] synonym: "dilator pupillae" EXACT [] synonym: "dilator pupillae muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] synonym: "dilator pupillae muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001371] synonym: "iris dilator" RELATED [] synonym: "iris dilator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] synonym: "iris dilator muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001371] synonym: "musculus dilatator pupillae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:49158, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus dilatator pupillae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] synonym: "musculus dilator pupillae" RELATED [BTO:0001371] synonym: "pupil dilator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] synonym: "pupil dilator muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] synonym: "pupillary dilator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] synonym: "pupillary dilator muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] synonym: "pupillary muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] synonym: "radial muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] synonym: "radial muscle of iris" EXACT [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] synonym: "radiating fibers" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iris_dilator_muscle] xref: BTO:0001371 xref: FMA:49158 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray878.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Gray878.png/200px-Gray878.png xref: MA:0001288 xref: ncithesaurus:Dilator_Pupillae_Muscle xref: SCTID:280890008 is_a: UBERON:0004234 {source="BTO"} ! iris smooth muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001607 {source="dbpedia"} ! sphincter pupillae relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001769 {source="dbpedia", notes="inner margins of iris"} ! iris relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001769 {source="dbpedia", notes="outer margins of iris"} ! iris [Term] id: UBERON:0001609 name: isthmus of thyroid gland def: "The thyroid isthmus connects together the lower thirds of the lobes; it measures about 1.25 cm. in breadth, and the same in depth, and usually covers the second and third rings of the trachea. Its situation and size present, however, many variations. In the middle line of the neck it is covered by the skin and fascia, and close to the middle line, on either side, by the Sternothyreoideus. Across its upper border runs an anastomotic branch uniting the two superior thyroid arteries; at its lower border are the inferior thyroid veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thyroid_isthmus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "isthmus" BROAD [VHOG:0000739] synonym: "isthmus glandulae thyroideae" EXACT [] synonym: "isthmus glandulae thyroideae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroid_isthmus] synonym: "thyroid gland isthmus" EXACT [] synonym: "thyroid isthmus" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0002031 xref: EHDAA:5777 xref: EMAPA:18195 xref: EMAPA:18829 xref: FMA:49178 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray1174.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Gray1174.png/200px-Gray1174.png xref: MA:0000727 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Gland_Isthmus xref: SCTID:245539003 xref: VHOG:0000739 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0003052 ! midbrain-hindbrain boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland property_value: homology_notes "In mammals and in some reptiles, the thyroid is composed of two lobes connected by an isthmus; in birds and amphibians, the thyroid consists of two isolated lobes. (...) Despite these morphological differences, the ontogeny of the thyroid follows the same pattern in all vertebrates (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000739", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1210/er.2003-0028 De Felice M, Di Lauro R, Thyroid development and its disorders: genetics and molecular mechanisms. Endocrine Reviews (2004)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001610 name: lingual artery def: "The lingual artery arises from the external carotid between the superior thyroid and facial artery[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lingual_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria lingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lingual_artery] synonym: "lingual branch of external carotid artery" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010492 xref: FMA:49526 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Lingual_artery.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Lingual_artery.PNG/200px-Lingual_artery.PNG xref: MA:0001992 xref: ncithesaurus:Lingual_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvfqDCZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181327002 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of external carotid (AAO:0010218)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010492", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the external carotid which supplies blood to the tongue.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010492", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001611 name: sublingual artery def: "The Sublingual Artery arises at the anterior margin of the Hyoglossus, and runs forward between the Genioglossus and Mylohyoideus to the sublingual gland. It supplies the gland and gives branches to the Mylohyoideus and neighboring muscles, and to the mucous membrane of the mouth and gums. One branch runs behind the alveolar process of the mandible in the substance of the gum to anastomose with a similar artery from the other side; another pierces the Mylohyoideus and anastomoses with the submental branch of the external maxillary artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria sublingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sublingual_artery] synonym: "sublingual branch of lingual artery" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010491 xref: FMA:49543 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Gray559.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Gray559.png/200px-Gray559.png xref: MA:0002049 xref: ncithesaurus:Sublingual_Artery xref: SCTID:368706006 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of external carotid (AAO:0010218)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010491", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the external carotid which supplies blood to the tip of the snout where branches go to the tongue and the m. geniohyoideus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010491", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001612 name: facial artery def: "The facial artery (external maxillary artery in older texts) is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies structures of the face. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Facial_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria maxillaris externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_artery] synonym: "external maxillary artery" RELATED [] xref: EMAPA:19213 xref: FMA:49549 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Gray508.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Gray508.png/200px-Gray508.png xref: MA:0001950 xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCt95ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181328007 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001070 ! external carotid artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0001613 name: occipital artery def: "The occipital artery arises opposite the facial artery, its path is below the posterior belly of digastric to the occipital region. This artery supplies blood to the back of the scalp and sterno-mastoid muscles. Other muscles it supplies are deep muscles in the back and neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Occipital_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria occipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipital_artery] xref: FMA:49586 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Gray508.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Gray508.png/200px-Gray508.png xref: MA:0002009 xref: ncithesaurus:Occipital_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwC1IFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244219005 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001614 name: superficial temporal artery def: "In human anatomy, the superficial temporal artery is a major artery of the head. It arises from the external carotid artery when it bifurcates into the superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery. Its pulse is palpable superior to the zygomatic arch, anterior and superior to the tragus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria temporalis superficialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_artery] xref: BTO:0003747 xref: FMA:49650 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Gray1200.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray1200.png/200px-Gray1200.png xref: MA:0002062 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv33WkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181325005 is_a: UBERON:0001632 ! temporal artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001615 name: transverse facial artery def: "The transverse facial artery is an artery that branches from the superficial temporal artery and runs across the face. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transverse_facial_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria transversa faciei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_facial_artery] xref: FMA:49657 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray515.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Gray515.png/200px-Gray515.png xref: MA:0002068 xref: ncithesaurus:Transverse_Facial_Artery xref: SCTID:146551008 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001616 name: maxillary artery def: "The maxillary artery (or internal maxillary artery in older texts) is an artery that supplies deep structures of the face. It comes just out behind the neck of the mandible. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Maxillary_artery] comment: Development notes: ...1st pair undergoes partial regression, the remnants of which becomes part of the maxillary arteries [http://download.videohelp.com/vitualis/med/Vascular_Devt.html] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria maxillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_artery] synonym: "internal maxillary artery" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0001069 xref: EHDAA:7357 xref: EMAPA:17311 xref: FMA:49675 xref: GAID:498 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Gray510.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Gray510.png/200px-Gray510.png xref: MA:0001919 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.523 xref: ncithesaurus:Maxillary_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDDJ45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181326006 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: directly_develops_from UBERON:0003118 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: directly_develops_from UBERON:0003118 ! aortic arch 1 relationship: directly_develops_from UBERON:0003118 ! aortic arch 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0001617 name: mental artery def: "The inferior alveolar artery (inferior dental artery) is an artery of the face. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Mental_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "mental branch of inferior alveolar artery" EXACT [] synonym: "ramus mentalis (arteria alveolaris inferior)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:49701, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:49701 xref: MA:0002002 xref: ncithesaurus:Mental_Artery xref: SCTID:147561008 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001618 name: buccal artery def: "The buccal artery (buccinator artery) is small and runs obliquely forward, between the Pterygoideus internus and the insertion of the Temporalis, to the outer surface of the Buccinator, to which it is distributed, anastomosing with branches of the external maxillary and with the infraorbital. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Buccal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria buccalis, arteria buccinatoria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Buccal_artery] xref: FMA:49754 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Gray508.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Gray508.png/200px-Gray508.png xref: MA:0001924 xref: ncithesaurus:Buccal_Artery xref: SCTID:148066005 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001619 name: ophthalmic artery def: "The ophthalmic artery is a branch of the internal carotid artery which supplies branches to supply the eye and other structures in the orbit. It enters the orbit together with the Optic nerve through the Optic canal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_artery] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria ophthalmica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_artery] synonym: "opthalmic artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_artery] xref: AAO:0010497 xref: EHDAA2:0001300 xref: EHDAA:7363 xref: EMAPA:17007 xref: FMA:49868 xref: GAID:503 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gray514.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Gray514.png/200px-Gray514.png xref: MA:0002011 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.622 xref: ncithesaurus:Opthalmic_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvcCxpJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181310005 xref: XAO:0000368 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of internal carotid (AAO:0010219)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010497", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Part of internal carotid which carries blood via branches to the eye, the eye muscles, and eyelids.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010497", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001620 name: central retinal artery def: "The central retinal artery (retinal artery) branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its dural sheath to the eyeball. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria centralis retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_artery] synonym: "arteria centralis retinae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_artery] synonym: "central artery of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "central artery of the retina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_artery] synonym: "retinal artery" EXACT [] synonym: "Zinn's artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:49879 xref: GAID:508 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Gray514_updated.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Gray514_updated.png/200px-Gray514_updated.png xref: MA:0002038 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.765 xref: ncithesaurus:Retinal_Artery xref: SCTID:277771001 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001621 name: coronary artery def: "Systemic artery which supplies the heart.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Coronary_circulation#Coronary_anatomy] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coronary arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000290 xref: EFO:0002551 xref: EMAPA:19160 xref: EMAPA:25968 xref: EV:0100383 xref: FMA:49893 xref: galen:CoronaryArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray492.png/200px-Gray492.png xref: MA:0002453 xref: ncithesaurus:Coronary_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvoL56ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181294004 xref: VHOG:0001557 is_a: UBERON:0003498 ! heart blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0001622 name: lacrimal artery def: "The lacrimal artery arises close to the optic foramen, and is one of the largest branches derived from the ophthalmic artery: not infrequently it is given off before the artery enters the orbit. It accompanies the lacrimal nerve along the upper border of the Lateral Rectus, supplies the lacrimal gland. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "a. lacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_artery] xref: FMA:49927 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gray514.png xref: MA:0001988 xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Artery xref: SCTID:369324002 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001623 name: dorsal nasal artery def: "The dorsal nasal artery (nasal artery) is an artery of the head. It is one of the two terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nasal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria dorsalis nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nasal_artery] synonym: "dorsal nasal branch of ophthalmic artery" EXACT [] synonym: "external nasal artery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:50000 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray515.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Gray515.png/200px-Gray515.png xref: MA:0001945 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Nasal_Artery xref: SCTID:369333000 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001624 name: anterior cerebral artery def: "One of a pair of arteries on the brain that supply oxygen to most medial portions of frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes. The 2 anterior cerebral arteries arise from the internal carotid artery and are part of the Circle of Willis." [Wikipedia:Anterior_cerebral_artery] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria cerebri anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_cerebral_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0000128 xref: EHDAA:5296 xref: EMAPA:17854 xref: EMAPA:18614 xref: FMA:50028 xref: GAID:485 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Gray517.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Gray517.png/200px-Gray517.png xref: MA:0001915 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.228.100 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Cerebral_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv8biO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181309000 is_a: UBERON:0004449 ! cerebral artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001625 name: right coronary artery def: "Coronary artery which emerges from the anterior aortic sinus, between the right auricle and the pulmonary trunk, and supplies the right side of the heart.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Right_coronary_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria coronaria dextra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_coronary_artery] synonym: "right coronary arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0004505 xref: FMA:50039 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray492.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray492.png/200px-Gray492.png xref: MA:0002455 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Coronary_Artery xref: SCTID:362037006 is_a: UBERON:0001621 ! coronary artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: supplies UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium [Term] id: UBERON:0001626 name: left coronary artery def: "Coronary artery which emerges from the left posterior aortic sinus, between the left auricle and the pulmonary trunk, and supplies the left side of the heart.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Left_coronary_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria coronaria sinistra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_coronary_artery] synonym: "left coronary arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0004504 xref: FMA:50040 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Gray495.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Gray495.png/200px-Gray495.png xref: MA:0002454 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Coronary_Artery xref: SCTID:362034004 is_a: UBERON:0001621 ! coronary artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: supplies UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium [Term] id: UBERON:0001627 name: middle cerebral artery def: "The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is one of the three major paired arteries that supplies blood to the cerebrum. The MCA arises from the internal carotid and continues into the lateral sulcus where it then branches and projects to many parts of the lateral cerebral cortex. It also supplies blood to the anterior temporal lobes and the insular cortices. The left and right MCAs rise from trifurcations of the internal carotid arteries and thus are connected to the anterior cerebral arteries and the posterior communicating arteries, which connect to the posterior cerebral arteries. The MCAs are not considered a part of the Circle of Willis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_cerebral_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria cerebri media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cerebral_artery] synonym: "sylvian artery" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001179 xref: EHDAA:5298 xref: EMAPA:18239 xref: EMAPA:18615 xref: FMA:50079 xref: GAID:487 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Gray517.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Gray517.png/200px-Gray517.png xref: MA:0001935 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.228.550 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Cerebral_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvh3qQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181312002 is_a: UBERON:0004449 ! cerebral artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001628 name: posterior communicating artery def: "In human anatomy, the posterior communicating artery is one of a pair of right-sided and left-sided blood vessels in the circle of Willis. It connects the three cerebral arteries of the same side. Anteriorly, it is one portion of the terminal trifurcation of the internal carotid artery. The anterior cerebral artery and the middle cerebral artery are the other two branches of the trifurcation. Posteriorly, it communicates with the posterior cerebral artery." [Wikipedia:Posterior_communicating_artery] comment: Taxon notes: todo - verify ZFA link: An artery that connects caudal division of the internal carotid artery and the basal communicating artery to the basilar artery subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteria cerebri communicans posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_communicating_artery] synonym: "caudal communicating segment" EXACT [ZFA:0005001] synonym: "PCA" RELATED [] synonym: "PCS" RELATED [] synonym: "posterior communicating segment of the basilar artery" EXACT [ZFA:0005001] xref: EHDAA2:0004518 xref: EHDAA:3352 xref: EMAPA:18600 xref: FMA:50084 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg/200px-Circle_of_Willis_en.svg.png xref: MA:0002023 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Communicating_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDDlqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001487 xref: SCTID:181314001 xref: TAO:0005001 xref: ZFA:0005001 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006347 ! communicating artery is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery property_value: external_definition "An artery that connects caudal division of the internal carotid artery and the basal communicating artery to the basilar artery. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005001", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001629 name: carotid body def: "The carotid body (carotid glomus or glomus caroticum) is a small cluster of chemoreceptors and supporting cells located near the fork of the carotid artery (which runs along both sides of the throat). The carotid body detects changes in the composition of arterial blood flowing through it, mainly the partial pressure of oxygen, but also of carbon dioxide. Furthermore, it is also sensitive to changes in pH and temperature. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Carotid_body] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glomus caroticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Carotid_body] xref: BTO:0000204 xref: EMAPA:19211 xref: FMA:50095 xref: GAID:813 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray1186.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray1186.png/200px-Gray1186.png xref: MA:0002463 xref: MESH:A.08.800.550.700.120.600.150 xref: ncithesaurus:Carotid_Body xref: SCTID:362586000 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001070 ! external carotid artery relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches [Term] id: UBERON:0001630 name: muscle organ def: "Organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work[GO]. Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of skeletal muscle tissue aggregated into macroscopic fasciculi by connective tissue; together with other muscles, it constitutes the muscular system. Examples: biceps, diaphragm, masseter, right third external intercostal muscle, external oblique, levator ani, serratus anterior[FMA]." [GO:0007517] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "muscle" EXACT [ZFA:0005145] xref: AAO:0011066 xref: EMAPA:18923 xref: EV:0100146 xref: FMA:5022 xref: GAID:131 xref: galen:Muscle xref: MA:0000015 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2kf-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:71616004 xref: TAO:0005145 xref: VHOG:0001245 xref: XAO:0000172 xref: ZFA:0005145 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0005090 ! muscle structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0002385 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue relationship: has_part UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000383 ! musculature of body property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue composed of contractile fibers.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005145", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "It seems clear that the metazoan ancestor inherited from its unicellular descendants an actin cytoskeleton and motor-proteins of the myosin superfamily. Within metazoans, these two molecules were arranged into effective contractile units, the muscles. The basic trends for muscle evolution are already expressed in the diploblastic taxa.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001245", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.75", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001631 name: thoracic duct def: "Lymphatic trunk that connects all tributaries of the thoracic duct tree to the trunk of the left brachiocephalic vein[FMA]." [FMA:5031, Wikipedia:Thoracic_duct] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ductus thoracicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thoracic_duct] synonym: "trunk of thoracic duct tree" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0004501 xref: EMAPA:19310 xref: FMA:5031 xref: GAID:1290 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray599.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gray599.png/200px-Gray599.png xref: MA:0002801 xref: MESH:A.15.382.520.869 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Duct xref: SCTID:362600004 xref: TAO:0005110 xref: ZFA:0005110 is_a: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002065 ! postcardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001632 name: temporal artery def: "In human anatomy, the superficial temporal artery is a major artery of the head. It arises from the external carotid artery when it bifurcates into the superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery. Its pulse is palpable superior to the zygomatic arch, anterior and superior to the tragus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Temporal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0010495 xref: FMA:50438 xref: GAID:489 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray1200.png/200px-Gray1200.png xref: MA:0002061 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.228.868 xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Artery is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of lateral pretrosal artery (AAO:0010494)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010495", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Part of lateral pretrosal artery which supplies blood to the eyelids.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010495", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001633 name: basilar artery def: "In human anatomy, the basilar artery is one of the arteries that supplies the brain with oxygen-rich blood. The two vertebral arteries and the basilar artery are sometimes together called the vertebrobasilar system, which supplies blood to the posterior part of circle of Willis and anastomoses with blood supplied to the anterior part of the circle of Willis from the carotid arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Basilar_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: unverified_taxonomic_grouping subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "BA" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000163 xref: EHDAA:5285 xref: EMAPA:17307 xref: FMA:50542 xref: GAID:474 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg/200px-Circle_of_Willis_en.svg.png xref: MA:0001920 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.106 xref: ncithesaurus:Basilar_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJTtcZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244215004 xref: TAO:0005002 xref: VHOG:0000237 xref: ZFA:0005002 is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001535 ! vertebral artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001535 {source="EHDAA2"} ! vertebral artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001533 ! subclavian artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002200 ! vasculature of head property_value: homology_notes "The major artery supplying the hindbrain, the basilar artery, runs along the ventral keel of the hindbrain in all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000237", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1242/dev.058776 Fujita M, Cha YR, Pham VN, Sakurai A, Roman BL, Gutkind JS, Weinstein BM, Assembly and patterning of the vascular network of the vertebrate hindbrain. Development (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001634 name: mesencephalic artery def: "Develops from the proximal portion of the primitive mesencephalic artery. Isogai et al.2001." [ZFIN:curator] comment: Editor notes: review this term, check taxon scope synonym: "MsA" RELATED [] xref: FMA:50570 xref: TAO:0001068 xref: XAO:0004173 xref: ZFA:0001068 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from primitive mesencephalic artery (TAO:0001062)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001068", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Develops from the proximal portion of the primitive mesencephalic artery. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001068", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001635 name: superior cerebellar artery def: "The superior cerebellar artery (SCA) arises near the termination of the basilar artery. It passes lateralward, immediately below the oculomotor nerve, which separates it from the posterior cerebral artery, winds around the cerebral peduncle, close to the trochlear nerve, and, arriving at the upper surface of the cerebellum, divides into branches which ramify in the pia mater and anastomose with those of the inferior cerebellar arteries. Several branches are given to the pineal body, the anterior medullary velum, and the tela chorioidea of the third ventricle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria superior cerebelli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0000681 xref: EMAPA:19309 xref: FMA:50573 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/CerebellumArteries.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CerebellumArteries.jpg/200px-CerebellumArteries.jpg xref: MA:0001934 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Cerebellar_Artery xref: SCTID:244214000 is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001633 ! basilar artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon relationship: supplies UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0001636 name: posterior cerebral artery def: "The posterior cerebral artery (PCA) is one of a pair of blood vessels that supplies oxygenated blood to the posterior aspect of the brain in human anatomy]. It arises near the intersection of the posterior communicating artery and the basilar artery and connects with the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) and internal carotid artery via the posterior communicating artery (PCommA). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_cerebral_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria cerebri posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_cerebral_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0000659 xref: EMAPA:17861 xref: EMAPA:18616 xref: FMA:50583 xref: GAID:488 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Gray517.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Gray517.png/200px-Gray517.png xref: MA:0002022 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.228.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Cerebral_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwO4qIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181313007 is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004449 ! cerebral artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001633 ! basilar artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001637 name: artery def: "An epithelial tube or tree of tibes that transports blood away from the heart[modified from AEO definition]." [AEO:JB] comment: Editor notes: Note that in FMA an artery is a tree, whereas AEO/JB defines it as a tube; FMA includes a separate class for what it calls the trunk. Classification in this ontology may currently (Jan 2012) represent a mix of both schemes, although we are gradually revising in the direction of the AEO scheme. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arterial subtree" EXACT [] synonym: "arterial system" RELATED [] synonym: "arterial tree organ part" EXACT [] synonym: "arterial vessel" RELATED [] synonym: "arteries" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000005] xref: AAO:0010211 xref: AEO:0000208 xref: BTO:0000573 xref: EFO:0000814 xref: EHDAA2:0000143 xref: EHDAA2:0003253 xref: EV:0100026 xref: FMA:50720 xref: GAID:468 xref: galen:Artery xref: MA:0000064 xref: MAT:0000034 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114 xref: MIAA:0000034 xref: ncithesaurus:Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjknZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362877004 xref: TAO:0000005 xref: VHOG:0001251 xref: XAO:0000114 xref: ZFA:0000005 is_a: UBERON:0003509 ! arterial blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010211", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001251", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1196/annals.1341.002 Bishopric NH, Evolution of the heart from bacteria to man. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001638 name: vein def: "Any of the tubular branching vessels that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart." [Wikipedia:Vein] comment: TODO - check with MA - vein vs venous blood vessel subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "vena" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vein] synonym: "venae" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001743] synonym: "venous subtree" BROAD [] synonym: "venous tree organ part" EXACT [] synonym: "venous vessel" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0010212 xref: AEO:0000209 xref: BTO:0000234 xref: EFO:0000816 xref: EHDAA2:0003254 xref: EV:0100031 xref: FMA:50723 xref: GAID:492 xref: galen:Vein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Venous_system_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Venous_system_en.svg/200px-Venous_system_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000067 xref: MAT:0000037 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908 xref: MIAA:0000037 xref: ncithesaurus:Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjkWpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181367001 xref: TAO:0000082 xref: VHOG:0001252 xref: VHOG:0001743 xref: XAO:0000115 xref: ZFA:0000082 is_a: UBERON:0003920 ! venous blood vessel property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system composed of blood vessels which carry blood from other organs, tissues, and cells to the heart.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010212", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001743", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1196/annals.1341.002 Bishopric NH, Evolution of the heart from bacteria to man. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001639 name: hepatic portal vein def: "A portal vein that transports nutrients from the digestive tract to the liver[Kardong]. A vein in the abdominal cavity that drains blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen. It is usually formed by the confluence of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins, and also receives blood from the inferior mesenteric, gastric, and cystic veins. The hepatic portal vein is a major component of the hepatic portal system, one of the main portal venous systems in the body. Conditions involving the hepatic portal vein cause considerable illness and death. An important example of such a condition is elevated blood pressure in the hepatic portal vein. This condition, called portal hypertension, is a major complication of cirrhosis worldwide. [WP,unvetted]." [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3091300&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Hepatic_portal_vein] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "hepatic portal tree" EXACT [] synonym: "HPV" RELATED [] synonym: "liver portal vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portal vein" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "portal vein of liver" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary hepatic portal vein" RELATED [ZFA:0005090] synonym: "primary hepatic portal veins" RELATED [] synonym: "vena portae hepatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hepatic_portal_vein] xref: AAO:0010214 xref: FMA:50735 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Gray591.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png xref: MA:0002132 xref: TAO:0005090 xref: VHOG:0000642 xref: ZFA:0005090 is_a: UBERON:0002017 {source="MA"} ! portal vein relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005487 {source="Wikipedia:Vitelline_vein"} ! vitelline vein relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0010194 ! hepatic portal system property_value: homology_notes "Adults of all vertebrates lose the vitelline veins and establish a single large hepatic portal vein (...) by the selective retention of parts of the left and right subintestinals and of several anastomoses that occur between them within and just posterior to the liver.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000642", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.265", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001640 name: celiac artery def: "The celiac artery, also known as the celiac trunk, is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta. Branching from the aorta 'anterior to the upper part of T12' vertebra in humans, it is one of three anterior/ midline branches of the abdominal aorta." [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "celiac tree" EXACT [] synonym: "coeliac artery" EXACT [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "coeliac axis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "coeliac trunck" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "coeliac trunk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "truncus coeliacus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "truncus cœliacus, arteria cœliaca" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0004519 xref: FMA:50737 xref: GAID:483 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray532.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray532.png/200px-Gray532.png xref: MA:0001931 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.207 xref: ncithesaurus:Coeliac_Artery xref: SCTID:181340007 is_a: UBERON:0004573 {source="FMA"} ! systemic artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006002 {source="Wikipedia"} ! vitelline artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001641 name: transverse sinus def: "The transverse sinuses (left and right lateral sinuses), within a human head, are two areas beneath the brain, which allow blood veins to span the area, from the back of the head towards the nose. They drain from the straight sinus and superior sagittal sinus (along the top and back of the brain) to the sigmoid sinuses (at the center of the head), at the internal jugular vein. See diagram (at right): labeled under the brain as '' . The transverse sinuses are of large size and begin at the internal occipital protuberance; one, generally the right, being the direct continuation of the superior sagittal sinus, the other of the straight sinus. Each transverse sinus passes lateralward and forward, describing a slight curve with its convexity upward, to the base of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, and lies, in this part of its course, in the attached margin of the tentorium cerebelli; it then leaves the tentorium and curves downward and medialward to reach the jugular foramen, where it ends in the internal jugular vein. In its course it rests upon the squama of the occipital, the mastoid angle of the parietal, the mastoid part of the temporal, and, just before its termination, the jugular process of the occipital; the portion which occupies the groove on the mastoid part of the temporal is sometimes termed the sigmoid sinus. The transverse sinuses are frequently of unequal size, with the one formed by the superior sagittal sinus being the larger; they increase in size as they proceed, from back to center. On transverse section, the horizontal portion exhibits a prismatic form, the curved portion has a semicylindrical form. They receive the blood from the superior petrosal sinuses at the base of the petrous portion of the temporal bone; they communicate with the veins of the pericranium by means of the mastoid and condyloid emissary veins; and they receive some of the inferior cerebral and inferior cerebellar veins, and some veins from the diploë. The petrosquamous sinus, when present, runs backward along the junction of the squama and petrous portion of the temporal, and opens into the transverse sinus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses] comment: todo - check su subset: uberon_slim synonym: "groove for right and left transverse sinuses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses] synonym: "lateral sinus" RELATED [FMA:50763] synonym: "sinus transversus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses] synonym: "sinus transversus durae matris" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses] synonym: "transverse sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses] synonym: "transverse sinus vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_sinuses] xref: EMAPA:18637 xref: FMA:50763 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif/200px-Gray488_blue.gif xref: MA:0001868 xref: ncithesaurus:Transverse_Sinus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDb62ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279262004 is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0006615 {source="MA"} ! venous sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0001642 name: superior sagittal sinus def: "The superior sagittal sinus (also known as the superior longitudinal sinus), within a human cranium, is an area above/behind the brain, which allows blood veins to span the area, from the top of the head towards the back. It is believed that the cerebrospinal fluid drains through the arachnoid granulations into the dural venous sinuses of the superior sagittal sinus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_sagittal_sinus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sinus sagittalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_sagittal_sinus] xref: FMA:50767 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray488_blue.gif/200px-Gray488_blue.gif xref: MA:0001867 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Sagittal_Sinus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9naEJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362075006 is_a: UBERON:0006615 {source="MA"} ! venous sinus is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009968 {source="cjm"} ! primitive superior sagittal sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0001643 name: oculomotor nerve def: "Cranial nerve which connects the midbrain to the extra-ocular and intra-ocular muscles. // Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Oculomotor_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-III" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve III" RELATED [] synonym: "nervus oculomotorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oculomotor_nerve] synonym: "nervus oculomotorius [iii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50864, FMA:TA] synonym: "occulomotor" RELATED [] synonym: "oculomotor III" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001284] synonym: "oculomotor III nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "Oculomotor nerve [III]" EXACT [] synonym: "oculomotor nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "third cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010468 xref: BM:MB-IIIN xref: EHDAA2:0001284 xref: EHDAA:3736 xref: EMAPA:17574 xref: FMA:50864 xref: GAID:829 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Gray776.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Gray776.png/200px-Gray776.png xref: MA:0001095 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Oculomotor_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1646 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvj7pZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362456009 xref: TAO:0000405 xref: VHOG:0000692 xref: XAO:0003090 xref: ZFA:0000405 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010285 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midbrain basal plate relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0005073 {source="GO"} ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system property_value: external_definition "Somatic efferent fibers which innervate four eye muscles.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010468", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000692", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001644 name: trochlear nerve def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Trochlear_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-IV" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve IV" RELATED [] synonym: "fourth cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus trochlearis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trochlear_nerve] synonym: "nervus trochlearis [iv]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50865, FMA:TA] synonym: "pathetic nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "superior oblique nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "trochlear" RELATED [] synonym: "trochlear IV nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "Trochlear nerve [IV]" EXACT [] synonym: "trochlear nerve tree" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010469 xref: BM:IVN xref: EHDAA2:0002090 xref: EMAPA:18218 xref: FMA:50865 xref: GAID:838 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Trochlear_nerve.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Trochlear_nerve.png/200px-Trochlear_nerve.png xref: MA:0001105 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Trochlear_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1654 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvyeBQ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180939009 xref: TAO:0000600 xref: VHOG:0000705 xref: XAO:0003091 xref: ZFA:0000600 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve property_value: external_definition "Somatic efferent nerve which supplies a single eye muscle, the m. obliquus superior.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010469", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000705", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001645 name: trigeminal nerve def: "Cranial nerve that has three branches - the ophthalmic (supplying the skin of the nose and upper jaw), the maxillary and the mandibular (supplying the lower jaw)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve] comment: Taxon notes: the ophthalmic usually usually merges with the other two. In some vertebrates, the ophthalmic emerges from the brain separately[Kardong] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-V" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve V" RELATED [] synonym: "fifth cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus trigeminus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve] synonym: "nervus trigeminus" RELATED [BTO:0001072] synonym: "nervus trigeminus [v]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50866, FMA:TA] synonym: "trigeminal nerve [V]" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal V" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002084] synonym: "trigeminal v nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminus" RELATED [BTO:0001072] xref: AAO:0010470 xref: BM:VN xref: BTO:0001072 xref: EFO:0001402 xref: EHDAA2:0002084 xref: EHDAA:3738 xref: EMAPA:17576 xref: FMA:50866 xref: GAID:726 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Gray778_Trigeminal.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Gray778_Trigeminal.png/200px-Gray778_Trigeminal.png xref: MA:0001100 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.760 xref: ncithesaurus:Trigeminal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_869 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwMF8CJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362459002 xref: TAO:0000697 xref: VHOG:0000704 xref: XAO:0003092 xref: ZFA:0000697 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="Wikipedia"} ! neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon property_value: external_definition "Nerve consists of motor and sensory components. Ganglion cells of the sensory component form the proximal part of the trigeminal (Gasserian) ganglion. From the ganglion 3 major rami innervate jaws, snout, and buccal roof.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010470", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000704", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001646 name: abducens nerve def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Abducens_nerve] comment: Taxon notes: Homologous abducens nerves are found in all vertebrates except lampreys and hagfishes.[WP] It controls the movement of a single muscle, the lateral rectus muscle of the eye, in humans. In most other mammals it also innervates the musculus retractor bulbi, which can retract the eye for protection[WP] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "abducens nerve [VI]" EXACT [] synonym: "abducens nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "abducens VI nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "abducent nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "abducent nerve [VI]" EXACT [] synonym: "CN-VI" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve VI" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral rectus nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus abducens" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus abducens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abducens_nerve] synonym: "nervus abducens [VI]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50867, FMA:TA] synonym: "sixth cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010471 xref: BM:Pons-VIN xref: EHDAA2:0000103 xref: FMA:50867 xref: GAID:824 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Abducens_nerve1.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Abducens_nerve1.png/200px-Abducens_nerve1.png xref: MA:0001087 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.030 xref: ncithesaurus:Abducens_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_876 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvjl41ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180941005 xref: TAO:0000310 xref: VHOG:0000697 xref: XAO:0003093 xref: ZFA:0000310 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005239 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon property_value: external_definition "Somatic motor nerve which bifurcates innervating m. rectus lateralis and m. retractor bulbi (eye muscles).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010471", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000697", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001647 name: facial nerve def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the supraorbital (supplying the skin of the eye region and the lateral line organs here), the palatine (to the roof of the buccal cavity), and the hyomandibular (dividing into the jugular and mental branches)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Facial_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "branchiomeric cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "CN-VII" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve VII" RELATED [] synonym: "face nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Facial nerve [VII]" EXACT [] synonym: "facial nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "facial VII" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000489] synonym: "facial VII nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nervus facialis" EXACT [ZFA:0000664] synonym: "nervus facialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_nerve] synonym: "nervus facialis [vii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50868, FMA:TA] synonym: "seventh cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010472 xref: BM:Pons-VIIN xref: EHDAA2:0000489 xref: EHDAA:3729 xref: EMAPA:17796 xref: FMA:50868 xref: GAID:719 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Cranial_nerve_VII.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Cranial_nerve_VII.svg/200px-Cranial_nerve_VII.svg.png xref: MA:0001091 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.250 xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_827 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvthgEpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362460007 xref: TAO:0000664 xref: VHOG:0000706 xref: XAO:0003094 xref: ZFA:0000664 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve is_a: UBERON:0011779 ! nerve of head region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0005073 {source="GO"} ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="Wikipedia"} ! neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003066 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face property_value: external_definition "Slender nerve composed of branchiomotor and visceral efferent fibers innervating the mouth and various muscles within the jaw. Sensory components innervate the bucccal roof and somatomotor components innervate the depressor musculature and muscle interhyoideus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010472", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000706", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001648 name: vestibulocochlear nerve def: "Cranial nerve that runs to the ear." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Vestibulocochlear_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "acoustic nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "acoustic nerve (crosby)" EXACT [] synonym: "CN-VIII" EXACT [] synonym: "cochlear-vestibular nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cochleovestibular nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial nerve VIII" EXACT [] synonym: "eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus vestibulocochlearis" RELATED [BTO:0003490] synonym: "nervus vestibulocochlearis [viii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50869, FMA:TA] synonym: "octaval nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "stato-acoustic nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "statoacoustic nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "Vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII]" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "VIIIth cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010473 xref: BTO:0003490 xref: EHDAA2:0002194 xref: EMAPA:17801 xref: FMA:50869 xref: GAID:839 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray789.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray789.png/200px-Gray789.png xref: MA:0001109 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.910 xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibulocochlear_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_890 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjMFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180945001 xref: TAO:0000247 xref: VHOG:0000695 xref: XAO:0003095 xref: ZFA:0000247 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003069 {source="Wikipedia"} ! otic placode property_value: external_definition "Nerve primarily composed of special somatic afferent fibers innervating the inner ear, and is involved in balance, position, and hearing.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010473", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000695", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001649 name: glossopharyngeal nerve def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the ramus communicans (to the skin), the pretrematic (to the walls of the pharynx and mouth, viscero-sensory fibers), and the larval post-trematic branch (lost in the adult)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Glossopharyngeal_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-IX" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve IX" RELATED [] synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000709] synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "Glossopharyngeal nerve [IX]" EXACT [] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus glossopharyngeus" EXACT [ZFA:0000668] synonym: "nervus glossopharyngeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Glossopharyngeal_nerve] synonym: "nervus glossopharyngeus [ix]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50870, FMA:TA] synonym: "ninth cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010474 xref: BTO:0004979 xref: EHDAA2:0000709 xref: EHDAA:3733 xref: EMAPA:17268 xref: FMA:50870 xref: GAID:827 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png xref: MA:0001093 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.290 xref: ncithesaurus:Glossopharyngeal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_899 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwIr5X5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362465002 xref: TAO:0000668 xref: VHOG:0000701 xref: XAO:0003096 xref: ZFA:0000668 is_a: UBERON:0001785 {source="FMA"} ! cranial nerve relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {notes="sensory", source="Wikipedia"} ! neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 {notes="motor", source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system property_value: external_definition "Small nerve consisting of branchiomotor and visceral efferent and afferent fibers which innervate the m. subarculais rectus I, dorsal buccal mucosa, and the tongue.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010474", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000701", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001650 name: hypoglossal nerve def: "Nerve that innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue." [GO:0021566, Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "CN-XII" RELATED [VHOG:0000693] synonym: "cranial nerve XII" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_820] synonym: "Hypoglossal nerve [XII]" EXACT [] synonym: "hypoglossal nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "hypoglossal XII" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000798] synonym: "hypoglossal XII nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus hypoglossus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nerve] synonym: "nervus hypoglossus [xii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:50871, FMA:TA] synonym: "twelfth cranial nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010477 xref: BTO:0003386 xref: EHDAA2:0000798 xref: EHDAA:2859 xref: EMAPA:17269 xref: FMA:50871 xref: GAID:828 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Gray794.png xref: MA:0001094 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.330 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypoglossal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_820 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9eWA5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362471008 xref: VHOG:0000693 xref: XAO:0004215 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve property_value: external_definition "Cranial nerve that innervates muscles in the tongue. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-14, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000693", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Nerve which innervates the muscles associated with the tongue including mm geniohyoideus, genioglossus, hyoglossus and rectus cervicis.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010477", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000693", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001651 name: right pulmonary artery def: "The pulmonary arteries carry blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood. In the human heart, the pulmonary trunk (pulmonary artery or main pulmonary artery) begins at the base of the right ventricle. It is short and wide - approximately 5 cm (2 inches) in length and 3 cm (1.2 inches) in diameter. It then branches into two pulmonary arteries (left and right), which deliver deoxygenated blood to the corresponding lung. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Right_pulmonary_artery] comment: TODO - add class 'pulmonary artery tree organ' subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria pulmonalis dextra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_pulmonary_artery] synonym: "right main pulmonary artery" EXACT [] synonym: "right pulmonary arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: FMA:50872 xref: galen:RightPulmonaryArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray504.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png xref: MA:0002500 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Pulmonary_Artery xref: SCTID:244235003 is_a: UBERON:0002012 ! pulmonary artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001652 name: left pulmonary artery def: "The pulmonary arteries carry blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood. In the human heart, the pulmonary trunk (pulmonary artery or main pulmonary artery) begins at the base of the right ventricle. It is short and wide - approximately 5 cm (2 inches) in length and 3 cm (1.2 inches) in diameter. It then branches into two pulmonary arteries (left and right), which deliver deoxygenated blood to the corresponding lung. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Left_pulmonary_artery] comment: TODO - add class 'pulmonary artery tree organ' subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria pulmonalis sinistra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_pulmonary_artery] synonym: "left main pulmonary artery" EXACT [] synonym: "left pulmonary arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: FMA:50873 xref: galen:LeftPulmonaryArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray504.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png xref: MA:0002032 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Pulmonary_Artery xref: SCTID:244234004 is_a: UBERON:0002012 ! pulmonary artery [Term] id: UBERON:0001653 name: facial vein def: "The anterior facial vein (facial vein) commences at the side of the root of the nose, and is a direct continuation of the angular vein where it also receives a small nasal branch. It lies behind the facial artery and follows a less tortuous course. It receives blood from the external palatine vein before it either joins the anterior branch of the retromandibular vein to form the common facial vein, or drains directly into the internal jugular vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Facial_vein] comment: Comment note MA also has 'anterior facial vein' subset: uberon_slim synonym: "face vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vena facialis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_vein] xref: AAO:0010513 xref: EMAPA:19220 xref: FMA:50874 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png xref: MA:0002115 xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvziz3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181374006 is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0009141 ! craniocervical region vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from muscles of the head and drains into the external jugular vein.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010513", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001654 name: supra-orbital vein def: "The supraorbital vein begins on the forehead where it communicates with the frontal branch of the superficial temporal vein. It runs downward superficial to the Frontalis muscle, and joins the frontal vein at the medial angle of the orbit to form the angular vein. Previous to its junction with the frontal vein, it sends through the supraorbital notch into the orbit a branch which communicates with the ophthalmic vein; as this vessel passes through the notch, it receives the frontal diploic vein through a foramen at the bottom of the notch. The areas drained by this vessel are the forehead, eyebrow and upper eyelid. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Supra-orbital_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "supraorbital vein" EXACT [] xref: FMA:50904 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png xref: MA:0002228 xref: ncithesaurus:Supra-orbital_Vein xref: SCTID:152006005 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001653 {source="FMA/obol"} ! facial vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001655 name: submental vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:50925 xref: MA:0002223 xref: ncithesaurus:Submental_Vein xref: SCTID:152309009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001653 {source="FMA/obol"} ! facial vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001656 name: retromandibular vein def: "The retromandibular vein (temporomaxillary vein, posterior facial vein), formed by the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins, descends in the substance of the parotid gland, superficial to the external carotid artery but beneath the facial nerve, between the ramus of the mandible and the sternocleidomastoideus muscle. It divides into two branches: an anterior, which passes forward and unites with the anterior facial vein to form the common facial vein. a posterior, which is joined by the posterior auricular vein and becomes the external jugular vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Retromandibular_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "posterior facial vein" EXACT [] synonym: "vena retromandibularis, vena facialis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Retromandibular_vein] xref: FMA:50928 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png xref: MA:0002117 xref: ncithesaurus:Temporo-maxillary_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv0bn95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:151299003 is_a: UBERON:0001653 ! facial vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 {source="FMA/obol"} ! external jugular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001657 name: superficial temporal vein def: "The superficial temporal vein is a vein of the side of the head. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "venae temporales superficiales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_vein] xref: BTO:0003748 xref: EMAPA:19315 xref: FMA:50932 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png xref: MA:0002242 xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Temporal_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmANWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:150087005 is_a: UBERON:0001671 ! temporal vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 {source="FMA/obol"} ! external jugular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 {source="FMA/obol"} ! retromandibular vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001658 name: middle temporal vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:50935 xref: MA:0002241 xref: SCTID:151400007 is_a: UBERON:0001671 ! temporal vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 {source="FMA/obol"} ! external jugular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 {source="FMA/obol"} ! retromandibular vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001659 name: transverse facial vein def: "The superficial temporal vein is a vein of the side of the head. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:50938 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png xref: MA:0002247 xref: SCTID:151501009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 {source="FMA/obol"} ! external jugular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 {source="FMA/obol"} ! retromandibular vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001660 name: maxillary vein def: "The maxillary veins (internal maxillary vein in older sources) consist of a short trunk which accompanies the first part of the internal maxillary artery. It is formed by a confluence of the veins of the pterygoid plexus, and passes backward between the sphenomandibular ligament and the neck of the mandible, and unites with the superficial temporal vein to form the retromandibular vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Maxillary_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:50941 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png xref: MA:0002169 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Maxillary_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlDSc5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:29972009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 {source="FMA/obol"} ! external jugular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 {source="FMA/obol"} ! retromandibular vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001661 name: deep temporal vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:50954 xref: MA:0002240 xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Temporal_Vein xref: SCTID:798000 is_a: UBERON:0001671 ! temporal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001662 name: anterior auricular vein def: "The anterior auricular veins are veins which drain the anterior aspect of the external ear. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_auricular_veins] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "venae auriculares anteriores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_auricular_veins] xref: FMA:50956 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png xref: MA:0002083 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Auricular_Vein xref: SCTID:151602009 is_a: UBERON:0006197 ! auricular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 {source="FMA/obol"} ! external jugular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001656 {source="FMA/obol"} ! retromandibular vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001663 name: cerebral vein def: "The cerebral veins are divisible into external and internal groups according to the outer surfaces or the inner parts of the hemispheres they drain into. The external veins are the superior cerebral veins, inferior cerebral veins, and middle cerebral vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_veins] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "venae encephali, venae cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_veins] xref: FMA:50981 xref: GAID:530 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Gray568.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Gray568.png/200px-Gray568.png xref: MA:0002096 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.155 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Vein xref: SCTID:244392000 xref: XAO:0004160 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001664 name: inferior cerebral vein def: "The inferior cerebral veins, of small size, drain the under surfaces of the hemispheres. Those on the orbital surface of the frontal lobe join the superior cerebral veins, and through these open into the superior sagittal sinus. Those of the temporal lobe anastomose with the middle cerebral and basal veins, and join the cavernous, sphenoparietal, and superior petrosal sinuses. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebral_veins] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:50986 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Gray517.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Gray517.png/200px-Gray517.png xref: MA:0002097 xref: SCTID:244395003 is_a: UBERON:0001663 ! cerebral vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001665 name: triceps surae def: "The triceps surae is a pair of muscles located at the calf - the gastrocnemius and the soleus. These muscles both insert into the calcaneus, the bone of the heel of the human foot, and form the major part of the muscle of the back part of the lower leg, commonly known as the calf muscle. The triceps surae is connected to the foot through the Achilles tendon, and has 3 heads deriving from the 2 major masses of muscle. The superficial portion (the gastrocnemius) gives off 2 heads attaching to the base of the femur directly above the knee. The deep (profundis) mass of muscle (the soleus) forms the remaining head which attaches to the superior posterior area of the tibia. The triceps surae is innervated by the tibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots L5–S2. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Triceps_surae_muscle] comment: A set of muscles in FMA, a single organ in MA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calf muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Triceps_surae_muscle] synonym: "gastrosoleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Triceps_surae_muscle] synonym: "gastrosoleus complex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Triceps_surae_muscle] synonym: "musculus triceps surae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Triceps_surae_muscle] synonym: "sural triceps" RELATED [] xref: FMA:51062 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg/200px-Illu_lower_extremity_muscles.jpg xref: MA:0002400 xref: ncithesaurus:Triceps_Surae is_a: UBERON:0004256 ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001450 {source="dbpedia"} ! calcaneus relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003701 {source="dbpedia"} ! calcaneal tendon relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001323 {source="dbpedia"} ! tibial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0001666 name: flexor digitorum longus def: "The Flexor digitorum longus is situated on the tibial side of the leg. At its origin it is thin and pointed, but it gradually increases in size as it descends. This muscle serves to curl the second, third, fourth, and fifth toes (flexion of phalanges II-V). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_longus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0000466 xref: FMA:51071 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray442.png/200px-Gray442.png xref: MA:0002299 xref: ncithesaurus:Flexor_Digitorum_Longus xref: SCTID:181703002 is_a: UBERON:0001383 ! muscle of leg [Term] id: UBERON:0001667 name: tibialis posterior def: "The Tibialis posterior is the most central of all the leg muscles, and is located in the posterior compartment of the leg. It is the key stabilizing muscle of the lower leg. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tibialis_posterior_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ibialis posticus" RELATED [BTO:0000867] synonym: "musculus tibialis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tibialis_posterior_muscle] synonym: "posterior tibialis" RELATED [BTO:0000867] synonym: "tibialis caudalis" EXACT [] synonym: "tibialis posterior muscle" RELATED [BTO:0000867] xref: BTO:0000867 xref: FMA:51099 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Gray442.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray442.png/200px-Gray442.png xref: MA:0002394 xref: ncithesaurus:Tibialis_Caudalis xref: SCTID:361824007 is_a: UBERON:0008230 ! tibialis relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001385 {source="dbpedia"} ! tibialis anterior relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001451 {source="dbpedia"} ! navicular bone of pes relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001452 {source="dbpedia"} ! distal tarsal bone 1 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001323 {source="dbpedia"} ! tibial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000979 {source="dbpedia"} ! tibia relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 {source="dbpedia"} ! fibula [Term] id: UBERON:0001668 name: cerebellar vein def: "Cerebellar veins are veins which drain the cerebellum. More specifically, they are: Superior cerebellar veins Inferior cerebellar veins [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_veins] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "cerebellum vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-1 vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of cerebellum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of epencephalon-1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:51227 xref: MA:0002093 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Vein xref: SCTID:40693009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003499 ! brain blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0001669 name: superior cerebellar vein def: "The superior cerebellar veins pass partly forward and medialward, across the superior vermis, to end in the straight sinus and the internal cerebral veins, partly lateralward to the transverse and superior petrosal sinuses. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vein of superior cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT [] xref: FMA:51232 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray704.png/200px-Gray704.png xref: MA:0002095 xref: SCTID:64307009 is_a: UBERON:0001668 ! cerebellar vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001670 name: inferior cerebellar vein def: "The inferior cerebellar veins are of large size, end in the transverse, superior petrosal, and occipital sinuses. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior vein of cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT [] xref: FMA:51233 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray704.png/200px-Gray704.png xref: MA:0002094 xref: SCTID:69104006 is_a: UBERON:0001668 ! cerebellar vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001671 name: temporal vein def: "The superficial temporal vein is a vein of the side of the head. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superficial_temporal_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:51302 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray557.png/200px-Gray557.png xref: MA:0002239 xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001672 name: anterior cerebral vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ACeV" RELATED [] synonym: "rostral cerebral vein" RELATED [] xref: FMA:51306 xref: SCTID:55155007 xref: TAO:0001067 xref: XAO:0004158 xref: ZFA:0001067 is_a: UBERON:0001663 ! cerebral vein is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0009141 ! craniocervical region vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002200 ! vasculature of head [Term] id: UBERON:0001673 name: central retinal vein def: "The central retinal vein (retinal vein) is a short vein that runs through the optic nerve and drains blood from the capillaries of the retina into the larger veins outside the eye. The anatomy of the veins of the orbit of the eye varies between individuals, and in some the central retinal vein drains into the superior ophthalmic vein, and in some it drains directly into the cavernous sinus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "retinal vein" EXACT [] synonym: "vena centralis retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Central_retinal_vein] xref: FMA:51799 xref: GAID:524 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray572.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray572.png/200px-Gray572.png xref: MA:0002213 xref: MESH:A.07.231.611.773 xref: ncithesaurus:Retinal_Vein xref: SCTID:280913005 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0003712 {source="FMA/obol"} ! cavernous sinus relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0005486 {source="FMA/obol"} ! venous dural sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0001674 name: masseteric vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:52519 xref: MA:0002167 xref: ncithesaurus:Masseteric_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0001675 name: trigeminal ganglion def: "A prominent collection of touch-sensory neurons of the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve, positioned beside the brain between the eye and the ear. Kimmel et al, 1995." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "5th ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000295] synonym: "fifth ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000295] synonym: "ganglion of trigeminal nerve" RELATED [BTO:0001231] synonym: "ganglion trigeminale" RELATED [BTO:0001231] synonym: "ganglion trigeminale, ganglion semilunare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion] synonym: "Gasser's ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0001231] synonym: "gasserian ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion] synonym: "gasserian ganglion" EXACT [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_ganglion] synonym: "gV" RELATED [] synonym: "semilunar ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "trigeminal V ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001080] synonym: "trigeminus ganglion" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011107 xref: BTO:0001231 xref: EFO:0000903 xref: EHDAA2:0002085 xref: EHDAA:2113 xref: EMAPA:16797 xref: FMA:52618 xref: GAID:725 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Gray776.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Gray776.png/200px-Gray776.png xref: MA:0001080 xref: MAT:0000511 xref: MESH:A.08.340.390.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Trigeminal_Ganglion xref: SCTID:244449009 xref: TAO:0000295 xref: VHOG:0000694 xref: XAO:0000427 xref: XAO:0000428 xref: ZFA:0000295 is_a: UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003070 ! trigeminal placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005563 ! trigeminal neural crest property_value: external_definition "A prominent collection of touch-sensory neurons of the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve, positioned beside the brain between the eye and the ear. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000295", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001676 name: occipital bone def: "A saucer-shaped membrane bone situated at the back and lower part of the cranium, is trapezoid in shape and curved on itself. It is pierced by a large oval aperture, the foramen magnum, through which the cranial cavity communicates with the vertebral canal." [Wikipedia:Occipital_bone] comment: Taxon notes: fusion of basi-, exo- and supra-occipitals (and maybe tabular)[Kardong]. Development notes: formed from the sclerotome of the occipital somites[PMID:11523816]. It is not present in living or fossil agnathans or cartilaginous fishes, but appears to have arisen in parallel in many bony fishes. Incorporation of the occipital ver- tebrae into the skull was associated with the an- nexation of the upper part of the spinal cord into the brain, together with the first 2 spinal nerves as cranial nerves XI and XII[PMID:11523816] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "occipital complex" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/occiput.html] synonym: "occipital squama" RELATED [] synonym: "os occipitale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipital_bone] xref: EMAPA:25112 xref: FMA:52735 xref: GAID:227 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray194.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray194.png/200px-Gray194.png xref: MA:0001468 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.572 xref: ncithesaurus:Occipital_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQtsiZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181796003 is_a: UBERON:0010428 {source="FMA"} ! flat bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001092 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! first cervical vertebra relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001677 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! sphenoid bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 {source="PMID:11523816"} ! sclerotome relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002241 {source="MA-modified", notes="basi paired exo and supra occipital bones"} ! chondrocranium relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003113 {notes="interparietal (postparietal)"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 {source="FMA"} ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005902 {source="FMA"} ! occipital region [Term] id: UBERON:0001677 name: sphenoid bone def: "an unpaired bone situated at the base of the skull in front of the temporal bone and basilar part of the occipital bone. The sphenoid bone is one of the seven bones that articulate to form the orbit. Its shape somewhat resembles that of a butterfly or bat with its wings extended." [Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone] comment: part of viscerocranium in FMA, part of chondrocranium in MA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "butterfly bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone] synonym: "os sphenoidale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52736, FMA:TA] synonym: "os sphenoidale" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone] synonym: "os sphenoidale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone] synonym: "os sphenoidum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sphenoid_bone] synonym: "sphenoid" EXACT [] synonym: "sphenoid complex" RELATED [] synonym: "sphenoidal bone" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18340 xref: FMA:52736 xref: GAID:230 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg/200px-Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg xref: MA:0001472 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.802 xref: ncithesaurus:Sphenoid_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAU9XpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:272676008 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008193 {source="FMA"} ! pneumatized bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000209 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! tetrapod frontal bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001676 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! occipital bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001679 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! ethmoid bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002396 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! vomer relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009193 {source="cjm"} ! sphenoid bone cartilage condensation relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002241 {notes="orbito pre and basi sphenoid"} ! chondrocranium relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003113 {notes="pterygoid process"} ! dermatocranium relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008895 {notes="alisphenoid"} ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 {source="FMA"} ! facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0001678 name: temporal bone def: "The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull, and lateral to the temporal lobes of the cerebrum." [Wikipedia:Temporal_bone] comment: The temporal bone consists of four parts: * Squama temporalis * Mastoid portion * Petrous portion (Petrosal ridge) * Tympanic part[WP]. AO notes: Note the Temporal bone is not explicitly categorized to a part of the cranium in FMA. Taxon notes: fusion of squamosal + angular (tympanic annulus) [derm.] + petrosal (prootic + opisthotic)[chond.] + styloid process[splanc.] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "os temporale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_bone] xref: EHDAA:6035 xref: EMAPA:17682 xref: EMAPA:18020 xref: FMA:52737 xref: GAID:232 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg/200px-Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg xref: MA:0001476 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.885 xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvbkAk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181795004 xref: VHOG:0000800 is_a: UBERON:0008193 {source="FMA"} ! pneumatized bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002241 {notes="petrosal"} ! chondrocranium relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003113 {notes="squamosal plus angular", notes="temporal series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008895 {notes="styloid process"} ! splanchnocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0001679 name: ethmoid bone def: "a bone in the skull that separates the nasal cavity from the brain. As such, it is located at the roof of the nose, between the two orbits. The cubical bone is lightweight due to a spongy construction. The ethmoid bone is one of the bones that makes up the orbit of the eye[WP]" [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_bone] comment: AO notes: Note the WP states the Neurocranium contains the ethmoid bone, both MA and FMA place the ethmoid as part of the viscerocranium. FMA also has it in neurocranium (via basicranium). Ideally we would have non-overlapping divisions of the skull, but for now we follow FMA. Taxon notes: todo - homology e.g. mesethmoid of teleost subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ethmoid" EXACT [FMA:52740] synonym: "ethmoidal bone" EXACT [MP:0000101] synonym: "os ethmoidale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52740, FMA:TA] synonym: "os ethmoidale" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ethmoid] xref: BTO:0004140 xref: EMAPA:19018 xref: FMA:52740 xref: GAID:212 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cranial_bones2.jpg xref: MA:0001483 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.292 xref: ncithesaurus:Ethmoid_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvuUPh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:272674006 xref: VHOG:0001317 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="Kardong"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000209 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! tetrapod frontal bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001677 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! sphenoid bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002396 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! vomer relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006227 {evidence="definitional"} ! ethmoid bone primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 ! basicranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 ! ethmoid region property_value: external_definition "A light spongy bone located between the eye sockets, forming part of the walls and septum of the superior nasal cavity, and containing perforations for the passage of olfactory nerve fibers. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001317", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ethmoid+bone"} property_value: homology_notes "The ethmoid region of the chondrocranium and the nasal capsules, which were largely unossified in early tetrapods and ancestral amniotes, are represented in mammals by the ethmoid and turbinates bones, respectively.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001317", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.259", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001680 name: lacrimal bone def: "the smallest and most fragile bone of the face, is situated at the front part of the medial wall of the orbit. It has two surfaces and four borders. In early lobe-finned fishes and ancestral tetrapods, the lacrimal bone is a relatively large and robust bone, running from the orbit to the nostrils. It forms part of the side of the face, between the nasal bones and the maxilla. In primitive forms, it is often accompanied by a much smaller septomaxilla bone, lying immediately behind the nasal opening, but this is lost in most modern species. The lacrimal bone is often smaller in living vertebrates, and is no longer always directly associated with the nasal opening, although it retains its connection with the orbit. The bone is entirely absent in living amphibians, as well as some reptilian species." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_bone] comment: In early lobe-finned fishes and ancestral tetrapods, the lacrimal bone is a relatively large and robust bone, running from the orbit to the nostrils. It forms part of the side of the face, between the nasal bones and the maxilla. In primitive forms, it is often accompanied by a much smaller septomaxilla bone, lying immediately behind the nasal opening, but this is lost in most modern species. The lacrimal bone is often smaller in living vertebrates, and is no longer always directly associated with the nasal opening, although it retains its connection with the orbit. The bone is entirely absent in living amphibians, as well as some reptilian species[WP, ISBN 0-03-910284-X] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "infraorbital 1" RELATED SENSU [TODO:TODO, VHOG:0001149, ZFA:0000223] synonym: "lachrymal bone" EXACT [] synonym: "lachrymal bone - infraorbital 1" RELATED [VHOG:0001149] synonym: "lacrimal" BROAD [] synonym: "lacrimal - infraorbital 1" RELATED [VHOG:0001149] synonym: "lacrymal bone" EXACT [] synonym: "lacrymal bone - infraorbital 1" RELATED [VHOG:0001149] synonym: "os lacrimale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_bone] xref: FMA:52741 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray164.png xref: MA:0001486 xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Bone xref: SCTID:272675007 xref: VHOG:0001149 is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 {source="ZFA-modified"} ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="orbital series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:8292 {source="Wikipedia"} property_value: homology_notes "The infraorbital bone 1 of actinopterygians is homologous with the lacrimal bone (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001149", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-3899370805 Arratia G, Schultze HP, Wilson MVH, Mesozoic Fishes 4 - Homology and Phylogeny (2008) p.23-48", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001681 name: nasal bone def: "One of two small oblong bones, varying in size and form in different individuals; they are placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face, and form, by their junction, 'the bridge' of the nose[WP]. Paired dermal bones, likened to a bone tube, positioned lateral to the supraethmoid. Nasal bones are transversed by the anterior most part of the supraorbital canals and bear one neuromast foramen in zebrafish[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_bone, ZFIN:curator] comment: Taxon notes: In primitive bony fish and tetrapods, the nasal bones are the most anterior of a set of four paired bones forming the roof of the skull, being followed in sequence by the frontals, the parietals, and the postparietals. Their form in living species is highly variable, depending on the shape of the head, but they generally form the roof of the snout or beak, running from the nostrils to a position short of the orbits. In most animals, they are generally therefore proportionally larger than in humans or great apes, because of the shortened faces of the latter. Turtles, unusually, lack nasal bones, with the prefrontal bones of the orbit reaching all the way to the nostrils (ISBN 0-03-910284-X) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "adnasal@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000365] synonym: "nasal@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000365] synonym: "nasals" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000365] synonym: "os nasale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasal_bone] xref: AAO:0000312 xref: EMAPA:19202 xref: FMA:52745 xref: GAID:222 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg/200px-Illu_facial_bones.jpg xref: MA:0001494 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.665 xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwGOTZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181801008 xref: TAO:0000365 xref: VHOG:0001370 xref: ZFA:0000365 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0010428 {source="FMA"} ! flat bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="facial series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps mesethmoid-nasal joint (TAO:0001677)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000365", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000312", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_comment "Synonym adnasal used in Weitzman 1960, and synonym discussed in Vari 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000365", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Paired bone of intramembranous origin that roofs the olfactory capsule.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000312", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Paired dermal bones, likened to a bone tube, positioned lateral to the supraethmoid. Nasal bones are transversed by the anterior most part of the supraorbital canals and bear one neuromast foramen in zebrafish Cubbage and Mabee, 1996.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000365", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001682 name: palatine bone def: "A paired dermal bone situated in the mid-palate[Palaeos]." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/palatal-palatines.html, Wikipedia:Palatine_bone] comment: Fusion of dermopalatine+autopalatine. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dermopalatine" NARROW [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryD.html] synonym: "os palatinum" RELATED LATIN [] synonym: "palate bone" RELATED [] synonym: "palatine" EXACT [] synonym: "palatum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Palatine_bone] xref: FMA:52746 xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/images/289x311xPalatine1.gif.pagespeed.ic.tglmNBrF4D.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Gray996.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Gray996.png/200px-Gray996.png xref: MA:0001495 xref: ncithesaurus:Palatine_Bone xref: SCTID:244654005 xref: TAO:0000015 is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="Palaeos"} ! dermal bone is_a: UBERON:0012071 ! palate bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001682 {notes="opposite", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! palatine bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 {source="Kardong", notes="palatal series"} ! palatal part of dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0012074 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! bony part of hard palate property_value: external_comment "Dermopalatine: same as palatine. The prefix is used by fish people because the palatine is a dermal replacement bone for a section of the autopalatine section of the palatoquadrate. In that context, palatine is potentially ambiguous.[Palaeos]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", source="http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryD.html"} property_value: external_comment "In ostariophysans, the dermopalatine is absent.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000015", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that forms the antero-lateral region of the palate and is located ventral to the autopalatine. The dermopalatine is bilaterally paired and usually bears teeth.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000015", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32519 {source="TAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001683 name: zygomatic bone def: "The zygomatic bone is a paired dermal bone which articulates with the maxilla. In humans it also articulates with the temporal bone, the sphenoid bone and the frontal bone. The zygomatic is homologous to the jugal bone of other tetrapods. It is situated at the upper and lateral part of the face and forms the prominence of the cheek, part of the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, and parts of the temporal and infratemporal fossae. It presents a malar and a temporal surface; four processes, the frontosphenoidal, orbital, maxillary, and temporal; and four borders[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone] comment: Taxon notes: vHOG says is homologous to infraorbital 3. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cheek bone" EXACT [] synonym: "jugal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone] synonym: "jugal bone" RELATED [GAID:225, Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone] synonym: "jugale" RELATED SENSU [] synonym: "malar bone" EXACT [FMA:52747] synonym: "orbital bone" EXACT [] synonym: "os zygomaticum" EXACT [FMA:52747, FMA:TA] synonym: "os zygomaticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone] synonym: "os zygomaticus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone] synonym: "zygoma" RELATED [GAID:225] synonym: "zygoma" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_bone] synonym: "zygomatic" RELATED [] xref: EMAPA:25111 xref: FMA:52747 xref: GAID:225 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray164.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray164.png/200px-Gray164.png xref: MA:0001497 xref: SCTID:272683001 xref: VHOG:0001638 is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 {source="Kardong"} ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="orbital series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton property_value: homology_notes " (...) and the infraorbital bone 3 of advanced actinopterygians (is homologous) with the jugal bone of sarcopterygians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001638", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-3899370805 Arratia G, Schultze HP, Wilson MVH, Mesozoic Fishes 4 - Homology and Phylogeny (2008) p.23-48", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001684 name: mandible def: "A dentary bone that is the only bone in one of the lateral halves of the lower jaw skeleton." [Wikipedia:Human_mandible, Wikipedia:Mandible] comment: Editor notes: consider merging with dentary - for now we make it a mammal-specific subclass. Terminology notes: 'mandible' also refers to either the upper OR lower part of the beak in birds. AO notes: Note in ZFA 'mandible' is a syn for the ventral mandibular arch, which is a portion of the 1st pharyngeal arch; however the term 'mandibular symphysis' refers to the dentary subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior maxillary bone" EXACT [] synonym: "lower jaw" BROAD SENSU [] synonym: "lower jaw bone" BROAD SENSU [] synonym: "lower mandibula" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Mandible] synonym: "mammaliam mandible" EXACT [] synonym: "mandibula" RELATED [BTO:0001748] synonym: "mandibula" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Human_mandible] synonym: "mandibular series" RELATED [ZFA:0001273] synonym: "mandibulla" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001748 xref: EFO:0001965 xref: EHDAA2:0001059 xref: EHDAA:8007 xref: EMAPA:18290 xref: FMA:52748 xref: GAID:68 xref: galen:Mandible xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray176.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray176.png/200px-Gray176.png xref: MA:0001487 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.502.632 xref: ncithesaurus:Mandible xref: SCTID:181812008 is_a: UBERON:0002514 {source="EHDAA2"} ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0004742 ! dentary [Term] id: UBERON:0001685 name: hyoid bone def: "The hyoid bone (lingual bone) (Latin os hyoideum) is a horseshoe shaped bone situated in the anterior midline of the neck between the chin and the thyroid cartilage. At rest, it lies at the level of the base of the mandible in the front and the third cervical vertebra behind. It is the only bone in the human skeleton not articulated to any other bone. It is held in place by thyroid ligaments. The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of the floor of the mouth and the tongue above, the larynx below, and the epiglottis and pharynx behind. Its name is derived from the Greek word hyoeides meaning 'shaped like the letter upsilon' (υ). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone] comment: Taxon notes: The hyoid bone is derived from the lower half of the second gill arch in fish, which separates the first gill slit from the spiracle. In many animals, it also incorporates elements of other gill arches, and has a correspondingly greater number of cornua. Amphibians and reptiles may have many cornua, while mammals (including humans) have two pairs, and birds only one. In birds, and some reptiles, the body of the hyoid is greatly extended forward, creating a solid bony support for the tongue. The howler monkey Alouatta has a pneumatized hyoid bone, one of the few cases of postcranial pneumatization of bones outside Saurischia.[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone] synonym: "hyoid bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone] synonym: "hyoideum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone] synonym: "lingual bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone] synonym: "os hyoideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone] synonym: "os hyoideum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone] xref: AAO:0000684 xref: EMAPA:18650 xref: EMAPA:18840 xref: FMA:52749 xref: GAID:197 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Gray186.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gray186.png/200px-Gray186.png xref: MA:0001484 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.409 xref: ncithesaurus:Hyoid_Bone xref: SCTID:263352000 xref: VHOG:0001325 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003066 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003114 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of hyoid plate (AAO:0000664)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000684", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Paired processes that extend posterolaterally from the posterior margin of the hyoid plate. These processes are the ossified posteromedial processes and invest the laryngeal apparatus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000684", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001686 name: auditory ossicle def: "One of 3 small bones contained within the middle ear space and serve to transmit sounds from the air to the fluid-filled labyrinth. The absence of the auditory ossicles would constitute a moderate-to-severe hearing loss. The term 'ossicles' literally means 'tiny bones' and commonly refers to the auditory ossicles, though the term may refer to any small bone throughout the body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Auditory_ossicle] comment: Taxon and editor notes: This should probably be restricted to mammals - the AAO/XAO structures may group non-homologous structures [Wikipedia:Evolution_of_mammalian_auditory_ossicles] see https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/5. Development notes: Studies have shown that ear bones in mammal embryos are attached to the dentary, which is part of the jaw. These are ossified portions of cartilage -- called Meckel's cartilage -- that are attached to the jaw. As the embryo develops, the cartilage hardens to form bone. Later in development, the bone structure breaks loose from the jaw and migrates to the inner ear area. The structure is known as the middle ear, and is made up of the incus, stapes, malleus, and tympanic membrane. These correspond to the quadrate, prearticular, articular, and angular structures in the reptile jaw. For this reason, researchers believe the similarity of the results shows that mammals and reptiles have a common ancestry.[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auditory bone" EXACT [] synonym: "auditory ossicle" RELATED [MA:0000254] synonym: "ear bone" RELATED [MA:0000254] synonym: "middle ear bone" RELATED [] synonym: "middle ear ossicle" EXACT [MP:0005105] synonym: "ossicle" BROAD [EMAPA:17824, Wikipedia:Auditory_ossicle] xref: AAO:0011015 xref: EHDAA2:0001183 xref: EHDAA:5697 xref: EMAPA:17824 xref: EV:0100360 xref: FMA:52750 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Illu_auditory_ossicles.jpg/200px-Illu_auditory_ossicles.jpg xref: MA:0000254 xref: ncithesaurus:Auditory_Ossicle xref: VHOG:0000461 xref: XAO:0000214 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0003457 ! head bone is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003099 {source="PMID:11237469", source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! cranial neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 {source="MA"} ! middle ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 {source="PMID:11523816"} ! splanchnocranium property_value: external_definition "The small bones of the middle ear: incus, malleus, and stapes. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000461", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/auditory+ossicles"} property_value: homology_notes "Additional structural analysis within a phylogenetic context has led to the remarkable discovery that in synapsids, thought to be ancestral to mammals, both the quadrate and articular have become reduced and less firmly articulated with their surrounding bones, reducing their jaw-joint-bearing role. This trend culminated with the incorporation of the quadrate, the columella (which remains articulated with the quadrate), and the articular into the expanded middle ear in mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000461", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.695", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001687 name: stapes def: "The stapes or stirrup is the stirrup-shaped small bone or ossicle in the middle ear which is attached to the incus laterally and to the fenestra ovalis, the 'oval window' medially. The oval window is adjacent to the vestibule of the inner ear. The stapes is the smallest and lightest bone in the human body. The stapes transmits the sound vibrations from the incus to the membrane of the inner ear inside the fenestra ovalis. The stapes is also stabilized by the stapedius muscle, which is innervated by the facial nerve. In non-mammalian vertebrates, the bone homologous to the stapes is usually called the columella; however, in reptiles, either term may be used[WP,unvetted]." [doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00441.x, Wikipedia:Stapes] comment: Editor notes: Consider adding classes for homologs; we do not include a class for hyomandibula in uberon, no need to generalize the TAO/ZFA class. Taxon notes (via VHOG): "This structure [the hyomandibular], on ontogenic grounds alone, can be considered homologous with the amphibian and reptilian columella and the mammalian stapes." Gerrie J, The phylogeny of the mammalian tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1948) 62:339-357? Development notes: As the stapes first develops embryologically from the 6th to 8th week of life, it surrounds the stapedial artery, which supplies the majority of the vasculature of the embryonic head. After that period, the external carotid artery is generated and takes over for the stapedial artery, which subsequently involutes, leaving the stapes with a windowframe-like structure[WP] The stapes develops at the cranial end of the second branchial arch through an independent anlage of the cartilage of this arch. Between the stapedial anlage and the cranial end of the Reichert's cartilage there is a formation called the interhyale, the internal segment of which gives rise to the tendon of the stapedial muscle. The stapedial anlage is a unique formation with two distinct parts: the superior part that will comprise the base and the inferior part that will be crossed by the stapedial artery during embryonic development and will constitute the limbs and the head of the stapes. According to the results, the otic capsule is not involved in formation of the base of the stapes.[doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00441.x] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "columella" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Stapes] synonym: "columella auris" RELATED [AAO:0000580] synonym: "columellare" RELATED [AAO:0000580] synonym: "interstapediale" RELATED [AAO:0000580] synonym: "mediostapediale" RELATED [AAO:0000580] synonym: "mesostapediale" RELATED [AAO:0000580] synonym: "os columellare" RELATED [AAO:0000580] synonym: "os intermedium" RELATED [AAO:0000580] synonym: "stapellos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stapes] synonym: "stapes" RELATED [AAO:0000580] synonym: "stelidium" RELATED [AAO:0000580] synonym: "stilus columellare" RELATED [AAO:0000580] synonym: "stirrup" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18585 xref: FMA:52751 xref: GAID:868 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Gray918.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Gray918.png/200px-Gray918.png xref: MA:0001217 xref: MESH:A.09.246.397.247.806 xref: ncithesaurus:Stapes xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv5UnkZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:264199009 xref: VHOG:0000688 is_a: UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0008283 ! columnella relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004368 {contradicted_by="doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00524.x", source="classical definition"} ! Reichert's cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010055 {source="definitional"} ! stapes cartilage condensation property_value: homologous_to AAO:0000580 {source="Wikipedia:Stapes"} property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0011606 {source="VHOG"} property_value: homology_notes "This structure (the hyomandibular), on ontogenic grounds alone, can be considered homologous with the amphibian and reptilian columella and the mammalian stapes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000688", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S0022215100009087 Gerrie J, The phylogeny of the mammalian tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1948)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001688 name: incus def: "The incus or anvil is the anvil-shaped small bone or ossicle in the middle ear. It connects the malleus to the stapes. It was first described by Alessandro Achillin of Bologna. The incus transmits sound vibrations from the malleus to the stapes. The incus only exists in mammals, and is derived from a reptilian upper jaw bone, the quadrate bone. Embryologically it is derived from the first pharyngeal arch along with the rest of the bones of mastication, such as the maxilla and mandible. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Incus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "quadrate - incus" BROAD [VHOG:0000689] xref: EMAPA:18583 xref: FMA:52752 xref: GAID:866 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Gray917.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Gray917.png/200px-Gray917.png xref: MA:0001215 xref: MESH:A.09.246.397.247.362 xref: ncithesaurus:Incus xref: SCTID:272649008 xref: VHOG:0000689 is_a: UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 {source="Kardong"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007374 {source="EMAPA-implied"} ! incus cartilage condensation property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0006597 property_value: homology_notes "According to this theory (Reichert-Gaupp theory), the mammalian stapes is derived from the reptilian columella, the incus from the quadrate and the malleus from the articular (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000689", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S0022215100009087 Gerrie J, The phylogeny of the mammalian tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1948", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001689 name: malleus def: "The malleus or hammer is a hammer-shaped small bone or ossicle of the middle ear which connects with the incus and is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum. The word is Latin for hammer. It transmits the sound vibrations from the eardrum to the incus. The malleus is unique to mammals, and evolved from a lower jaw bone in basal amniotes called the articular, which still forms part of the jaw joint in reptiles. Embryologically it is derived from the first pharyngeal arch along with the rest of the bones of mastication, such as the maxilla and mandible. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Malleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Malleus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Malleus] xref: EMAPA:18584 xref: FMA:52753 xref: GAID:867 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Gray916.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray916.png/200px-Gray916.png xref: MA:0001216 xref: MESH:A.09.246.397.247.524 xref: ncithesaurus:Malleus xref: SCTID:264090005 xref: VHOG:0000690 is_a: UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003107 {source="Wikipedia"} ! Meckel's cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 {source="Kardong"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010054 {source="cjm"} ! malleus cartilage condensation property_value: homology_notes "According to this theory (Reichert-Gaupp theory), the mammalian stapes is derived from the reptilian columella, the incus from the quadrate and the malleus from the articular (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000690", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S0022215100009087 Gerrie J, The phylogeny of the mammalian tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1948", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001690 name: ear def: "Sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals." [GO:0042471, Wikipedia:Ear] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auditory apparatus" RELATED [] synonym: "auris" RELATED [BTO:0000368] xref: AAO:0011014 xref: BTO:0000368 xref: EFO:0000826 xref: EHDAA2:0000423 xref: EHDAA:502 xref: EMAPA:16193 xref: EV:0100353 xref: FMA:52780 xref: GAID:62 xref: galen:Ear xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Ear.jpg xref: MA:0000236 xref: MAT:0000138 xref: MESH:A.01.456.313 xref: MIAA:0000138 xref: ncithesaurus:Ear xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1062 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViXS5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjL05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:1910005 xref: VHOG:0000330 xref: XAO:0000189 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0002105 ! vestibulo-auditory system property_value: external_definition "The organ of hearing and of equilibrium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000330", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ear"} property_value: homology_notes "Both vertebrate and invertebrate auditory organs are thought to have evolved from primitive mechanosensors, but the nature of the ancestral structure and the evolutionary trajectories followed in distinct animal lineages remain unknown. In particular, we do not know how many types of mechanosensor existed in the protostome-deuterostome ancestor from which insects and vertebrates evolved or whether the PDA had an auditory organ.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000330", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/dvdy.20207 Boekhoff-Falk G, Hearing in Drosophila: Development of Johnston's organ and emerging parallels to vertebrate ear development. Developmental Dynamics (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001691 name: external ear def: "Part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum). It consists of a tube (the external auditory meatus) that directs sound waves on to the tympanum, and may also include the external pinna, which extends beyond the skull[GO]." [GO:0042473, Wikipedia:External_ear] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auricular region" BROAD [] synonym: "auricular region of head" EXACT [] synonym: "auris externa" RELATED [BTO:0002100] synonym: "outer ear" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011037 xref: BTO:0002100 xref: EHDAA2:0000462 xref: EHDAA:3786 xref: EMAPA:16991 xref: EV:0100354 xref: FMA:52781 xref: GAID:104 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Gray907.png/200px-Gray907.png xref: MA:0000258 xref: MAT:0000147 xref: MESH:A.09.246.272 xref: MIAA:0000147 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Ear xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1705 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOHtXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181176000 xref: VHOG:0000311 xref: XAO:0000190 is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head disjoint_from: UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001690 ! ear property_value: external_definition "The external part of the organ, which consists of an outer portion (external auditory meatus) which leads to the tympanum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000311", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Some species, like Amolops tormotus (Feng et al. 2006), have a cavity in front of the tympanic membrane which is considered to be an ear canal and thus an outer ear. (...) The ancestral lineage of amphibians separated from the mammalian lineage, approximately 350 million years ago, in the paleozoic era. Many of the important developments in the auditory systems emerged after the ancestral paths separated (Manley and Clack 2003). This implies that shared features, like the tympanic middle ear, developed independently in different vertebrate lineages.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000311", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1007/s00359-008-0327-1 Schoffelen RLM, Segenhout JM, Van Dijk P, Mechanics of the exceptional anuran ear. Journal of Comparative Physiology A (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001692 name: basioccipital bone def: "One of the bones of the occiput, the part of the skull which articulates with the spine. The basioccipital is located (if present) ventral to the foramen magnum. It often rests on or articulates with the basisphenoid, as well as meeting the exoccipitals. The basioccipital usually forms most (sometimes all) of the occipital condyle(s) and the ventral margin of the foramen magnum." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryB.html, Wikipedia:Basilar_part_of_occipital_bone] comment: TODO - check FMA subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "basi-occipital" EXACT [] synonym: "basilar part of occipital bone" EXACT [] synonym: "basinial@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000472] synonym: "basinioste@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000472] synonym: "basioccipital" EXACT [] synonym: "basioccipital bone" EXACT [] synonym: "basioccipital@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000472] synonym: "pars basilaris ossis occipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basilar_part_of_occipital_bone] xref: AAO:0000039 xref: EMAPA:18705 xref: FMA:52858 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Parsbasilaris%28young%29.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Parsbasilaris%28young%29.PNG/200px-Parsbasilaris%28young%29.PNG xref: MA:0001462 xref: SCTID:138976007 xref: TAO:0000472 xref: VHOG:0001152 xref: ZFA:0000472 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006209 ! basioccipital cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001676 {source="Kardong", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:40674"} ! occipital bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 {source="FMA"} ! basicranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005902 {source="TAO"} ! occipital region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps basioccipital-exoccipital joint (TAO:0002038)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000472", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps parasphenoid-basioccipital joint (TAO:0001832)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000472", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000472", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_comment "In some teleosts the anterior vertebral centra fuse to the basioccipital forming a monopartite occipital condyle.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000472", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "An unpaired medial bone contributing to the ventral margin of the foramen magnum that extends into the floor of the brain cavity. It can contribute to the centromedial portion of the occipital condyle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000039", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Chondral bone that articulates with the exoccipitals dorsally, the prootics anteriorly, the parasphenoid ventrally, and the first free vertebra posteriorly. The basioccipital forms the floor of the foramen magnum. The basioccipital is an unpaired medial bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000472", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001693 name: exoccipital bone def: "Paired cartilage bone that bears a large foramen (lateral occipital foramen). Contacts the supraoccipital dorsally, the epiotic laterally and the basioccipital ventrally. Forms the posterior hind margin of the cranium and borders the lateral and posterior margins of the forum (foramen) magnum." [Wikipedia:Lateral_parts_of_occipital_bone, ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO - check FMA - currently we place this as both of a zone of bone organ and an (endochondral) bone. Removed endochondral bone classification for now, violates disjointness axiom subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "exoccipital" EXACT [FMA:52859] synonym: "exoccipital@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000661] synonym: "exoccipitals" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000661] synonym: "lateral part of occipital bone" EXACT [FMA:52859] synonym: "occipital latcéral@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000661] synonym: "pars lateralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_parts_of_occipital_bone] synonym: "pars lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_parts_of_occipital_bone] synonym: "pleurinial@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000661] synonym: "pleurinioste@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000661] xref: AAO:0000147 xref: EMAPA:18708 xref: FMA:52859 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Gray131.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Gray131.png/200px-Gray131.png xref: MA:0001464 xref: SCTID:139279001 xref: TAO:0000661 xref: VHOG:0001151 xref: ZFA:0000661 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="ZFA"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009635 {source="ZFA"} ! parachordal cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010752 ! exoccipital cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001676 {source="Kardong", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:40674"} ! occipital bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005902 {source="TAO"} ! occipital region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from occipital arch cartilage (TAO:0001504)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000661", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps basioccipital-exoccipital joint (TAO:0002038)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000661", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps prootic-exoccipital joint (TAO:0002034)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000661", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000661", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_comment "In some teleosts the exoccipital dorsally contacts the supraoccipital directly or through connective tissue.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000661", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that articulates with the epiotic dorsally, the pterotic and intercalar laterally and the basioccipital medio-ventrally. The exoccipitals form the lateral borders of the foramen magnum and houses the foramina for the passage of the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves, X and IX respectively. The exoccipital is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000661", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that forms the posterior end of the neurocranium and the margin of the foramen magnum. In addition, this bone forms either part of or all or the occipital condyle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000147", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001694 name: petrous part of temporal bone def: "The temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull. The temporal bone supports that part of the face known as the temple. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Petrous_bone] comment: derivative of prootic and opisthotic subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars petrosa (os temporale)" EXACT [FMA:52871] synonym: "pars petrosa ossis temporalis" EXACT [] synonym: "petromastoid part of temporal bone" EXACT [FMA:52871] synonym: "petrosal" RELATED [VHOG:0001553] synonym: "petrosal bone" EXACT [FMA:52871] synonym: "petrous bone" EXACT [FMA:52871] synonym: "temporal bone petrous part" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001452 xref: EMAPA:17683 xref: FMA:52871 xref: GAID:234 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray137.png/200px-Gray137.png xref: MA:0001477 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.885.681 xref: ncithesaurus:Ciliary_Process xref: SCTID:361733004 xref: VHOG:0001553 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 {source="FMA"} ! basicranium property_value: external_definition "The petrosal bone arises from the two otic bones on the lateral wall of the chondrocranium and encases the inner ear of mammals. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, p.258, see_Liem_KF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001553", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001695 name: squamous part of temporal bone def: "the thin, platelike part of the temporal bone." [MP:0004423, Wikipedia:Squama_temporalis, Wikipedia:Squamosal] comment: Taxon notes: The squamosal bone, which is homologous with the squama, and forms the side of the cranium in many bony fish and tetrapods. Primitively, it is a flattened plate-like bone, but in many animals it is narrower in form, for example, where it forms the boundary between the two temporal fenestrae of diapsid reptiles. Editor notes: consider separate class for squamosal synonym: "pars squamosa (os temporale)" EXACT [] synonym: "squama temporalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Squama_temporalis] synonym: "squama temporalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Squama_temporalis] synonym: "squamosal" EXACT [AAO:0000574] synonym: "squamosal bone" EXACT [] synonym: "squamosal bone" EXACT [MA:0001473] synonym: "squamous bone" EXACT [] synonym: "temporal bone squamous part" EXACT [VHOG:0001561] xref: AAO:0000574 xref: EMAPA:18021 xref: FMA:52883 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Gray144.png xref: MA:0001473 xref: SCTID:138672006 xref: VHOG:0001561 is_a: UBERON:0002514 {source="EHDAA2-inferred"} ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010751 ! squamous part of temporal bone primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="temporal series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 {source="PMID:11523816", source="EHDAA2"} ! vault of skull property_value: external_definition "Paired, intramembranous bones that lie at the posterolateral margins of the skull. Lateral and dorsal to the quadrate.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000574", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "The squamosal bone is part of the dermatocranium in early tetrapods and becomes part of the mammalian occipital and temporal bones. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, p.246, see_Liem_KF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001561", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001697 name: orbital region def: "Anatomical cluster that is a anterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye. Includes bones formed and located in sclerotic layer of eyeball." [TAO:0001410, Wikipedia:Orbit_(anatomy)] comment: AO notes: in FMA, this overlaps with bones such as the maxilla and sphenoid; in ZFA, individual bones are part of the orbit subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bony orbit" EXACT [] synonym: "eye socket" EXACT [] synonym: "orbit" RELATED [ZFA:0001410] synonym: "orbit of skull" EXACT [FMA:53074] xref: BTO:0004687 xref: FMA:53074 xref: GAID:223 xref: galen:Orbit xref: MA:0002482 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.690 xref: ncithesaurus:Orbit xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvW8EgZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0001410 xref: XAO:0003171 xref: ZFA:0001410 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="ZFA"} ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: encloses UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is a anterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001410", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:MAH"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001698 name: foramen ovale of skull def: "one of the larger of the several holes at the base of the skull that transmit nerves through the skull. The foramen ovale is situated in the anterior part of the sphenoid bone, posteriolateral to the foramen rotundum.." [Wikipedia:Foramen_ovale_(skull)] synonym: "foramen ovale" NARROW [AAO:0000169, FMA:53155] synonym: "foramen ovale (skull)" EXACT [FMA:53155] synonym: "foramen ovale basis cranii" EXACT [galen:ForamenOvaleBasisCranii] xref: AAO:0000169 xref: EHDAA2:0000551 xref: EHDAA:10627 xref: EMAPA:18711 xref: FMA:53155 xref: galen:ForamenOvaleBasisCranii xref: VHOG:0001189 is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit disjoint_from: UBERON:0004754 ! foramen ovale of heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone property_value: external_definition "An aperture in the great wing of the sphenoid for vessels and nerves. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001189", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foramen+ovale"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001699 name: sensory root of facial nerve def: "The nervus intermedius, or intermediate nerve, is the part of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) located between the motor component of the facial nerve and the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII). It contains the sensory and parasympathetic fibers of the facial nerve. Upon reaching the facial canal, it joins with the motor root of the facial nerve at the geniculate ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intermediate_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intermediate nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus intermedius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:53410, FMA:TA] synonym: "Wrisberg's nerve" EXACT [] xref: FMA:53410 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray788.png/200px-Gray788.png xref: SCTID:279927001 xref: TAO:0000679 xref: ZFA:0000679 is_a: UBERON:0004674 ! facial nerve root is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="Wikipedia"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0001700 name: geniculate ganglion def: "The geniculate ganglion is an L-shaped collection of fibers and sensory neurons of the facial nerve located in the facial canal of the head. It receives fibers from the motor, sensory, and parasympathetic components of the facial nerve and sends fibers that will innervate the lacrimal glands, submandibular glands, sublingual glands, tongue, palate, pharynx, external auditory meatus, stapedius, posterior belly of the digastric muscle, stylohyoid muscle, and muscles of facial expression. Sensory and parasympathetic inputs are carried into the geniculate ganglion via the nervus intermedius. Motor fibers are carried via the facial nerve proper. The greater petrosal nerve, which carries sensory fibers as well as preganglionic parasympathetic fibers, emerges from the anterior aspect of the ganglion. The geniculate ganglion is one of several ganglia of the head and neck. Like the others, it is a bilaterally distributed structure, with each side of the face having a geniculate ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] comment: Editor notes: resolve facial VII vs geniculate (see EHDAA2) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "facial ganglion" RELATED [ZFA:0001291] synonym: "facial VII ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001076] synonym: "ganglion genicularum" EXACT [FMA:53414] synonym: "ganglion geniculi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion geniculi nervi facialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] synonym: "genicular ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53414] synonym: "genicular ganglion" EXACT [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] synonym: "geniculate" BROAD [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] synonym: "geniculate ganglion" RELATED [MA:0001076] synonym: "gVII" EXACT [ZFA:0001291] synonym: "internal genu" RELATED [Wikipedia:Geniculate_ganglion] xref: EFO:0003669 xref: EHDAA2:0000491 xref: EHDAA2:0004623 xref: EHDAA:5567 xref: EHDAA:6644 xref: EMAPA:16983 xref: EMAPA:17569 xref: FMA:53414 xref: GAID:718 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray789.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray789.png/200px-Gray789.png xref: MA:0001076 xref: MESH:A.08.340.390.380 xref: ncithesaurus:Geniculate_Ganglion xref: SCTID:279076005 xref: TAO:0001291 xref: VHOG:0000707 xref: ZFA:0001291 is_a: UBERON:0001800 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! sensory ganglion is_a: UBERON:0009127 ! epibranchial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005565 {source="ZFA", notes="check for multi-species"} ! facio-acoustic neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009124 {source="ZFA", notes="check for multi-species"} ! geniculate placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest property_value: homology_notes "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000707", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001701 name: glossopharyngeal ganglion def: "the group of neuron cell bodies associated with the ninth cranial nerve." [MP:0001096] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ganglion of glosspharyngeal nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "gIX" RELATED [] synonym: "glossopharyngeal IX ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001077] synonym: "petrosal ganglion" NARROW [ZFA:0001301] xref: EHDAA2:0000710 xref: EHDAA:2838 xref: EMAPA:16795 xref: FMA:53471 xref: MA:0001077 xref: SCTID:244451008 xref: TAO:0001301 xref: VHOG:0000702 xref: ZFA:0001301 is_a: UBERON:0009127 {source="ZFA"} ! epibranchial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005491 {source="ZFA"} ! glossopharyngeal neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009125 {source="ZFA"} ! petrosal placode property_value: homology_notes "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000702", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001702 name: eyelash def: "An eyelash or simply lash is one of the hairs that grow at the edge of the eyelid. Eyelashes protect the eye from debris and perform some of the same function as whiskers do on a cat or a mouse in the sense that they are sensitive to being touched, thus providing a warning that an object is near the eye (which is then closed reflexively). The greek word for eyelash is \"blepharis\". This word is often used as a root in biological terms" [Wikipedia:Eyelash] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cilia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Eyelash] xref: FMA:53669 xref: GAID:73 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/N2_Human_eye.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/N2_Human_eye.jpg/200px-N2_Human_eye.jpg xref: MA:0002702 xref: MESH:A.01.456.505.420.504.421 xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelash xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi41pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244201001 is_a: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0001703 name: neurocranium def: "Subdivision of skeletal system that surrounds and protects the brain. Includes the skull base, sensory capsules and the central part of the skull roof." [PMID:11523816, TAO:MAH, Wikipedia:Neuroranium, ZFA:0001580] comment: Development notes: The cartilaginous parts of the neurocranium undergo endochondral ossification in most species; ossification has been lost in cartilaginous fishes, but the cartilaginous condition of the skull of lampreys is considered to be primitive (Kardong, 1995)[PMID:11523816]. The neurocranium arises from paraxial mesoderm in the head (first five somites and the unsegmented somitomeres rostral to the first somite) and from ectoderm via the neural crest. In Chondrichthyes and other cartilaginous vertebrates this portion of the cranium does not ossify; it is not replaced via endochondral ossification[WP]. Composition notes: It includes the following bones: Ethmoid bone, Frontal bone, Occipital bone, Parietal bone, Sphenoid bone, Temporal bone. The term cranium can be ambiguous, in that it can refer to the neurocranium, or the neurocranium and the Facial skeleton[WP] AO notes: It seems MA uses 'neurocranium' as a synonym for chondrocranium. Note there are currently some structures part of both viscero and neurocranium - ethmoid, zyogomatic, ... subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "brain box" EXACT [] synonym: "brain case" RELATED [ZFA:0001580] synonym: "brain pan" RELATED [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/braincase] synonym: "braincase" RELATED [ZFA:0001580] xref: AAO:0010153 xref: EHDAA2:0000243 xref: FMA:53672 xref: MA:0000317 xref: SCTID:361731002 xref: TAO:0001580 xref: XAO:0003170 xref: ZFA:0001580 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011158 {source="FMA"} ! primary subdivision of skull relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004761 ! cartilaginous neurocranium relationship: encloses UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of the cartilages and bones that surround the brain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001580", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:MAH"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001704 name: obsolete viscerocranium def: "." [Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton] comment: This class was made obsolete as it conflated the facial skeleton with the splanchnocranium. The facial skeleton includes: * Inferior nasal concha * Lacrimal bone * Mandible * Maxilla * Nasal bone * Palatine bone * Vomer * Zygomatic bone. The hyoid is sometimes included, and sometimes excluded (FMA includes it) (See also notes for ethmoid bone). The splanchoncranium is the endoskeleton derived from pharyngeal arches. is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0008895 consider: UBERON:0011156 [Term] id: UBERON:0001705 name: nail def: "a horn-like keratin structure covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nail_(anatomy)] comment: TODO: check claw vs nail. A primate's nail consists of the unguis alone; the subunguis has disappeared. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "claw" RELATED [] synonym: "talon" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001719 xref: EFO:0000956 xref: EV:0100159 xref: FMA:54326 xref: GAID:1320 xref: galen:Nail xref: MA:0002703 xref: MAT:0000158 xref: MESH:A.17.600 xref: MIAA:0000158 xref: ncithesaurus:Nail xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJv5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:72651009 xref: VHOG:0001361 xref: XAO:0003103 is_a: UBERON:0009564 ! distal limb integumentary appendage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {source="Wikipathways:WP2062"} ! skin basal layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 {source="FMA"} ! epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 {source="FMA"} ! skin of body [Term] id: UBERON:0001706 name: nasal septum def: "The nasal septum separates the left and right airways in the nose, dividing the two nostrils. It is depressed by the Depressor septi nasi muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum] comment: We follow AAO in making this part of the nasal skeleton subset: uberon_slim synonym: "columella nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum] synonym: "nasi columella" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum] synonym: "septal cartilage" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum] synonym: "septum mobile nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum] synonym: "septum nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum] synonym: "septum nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum] synonym: "septum of the nose" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasal_septum] xref: AAO:0000559 xref: AAO:0010135 xref: EHDAA2:0001234 xref: EHDAA2:0004104 xref: EHDAA:6809 xref: EMAPA:17608 xref: FMA:54375 xref: GAID:115 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray854.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray854.png/200px-Gray854.png xref: MA:0000285 xref: MESH:A.02.165.639 xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Septum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7e-k5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181197004 xref: VHOG:0000017 is_a: UBERON:0003037 ! septum is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009714 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! intermaxillary process relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0006813 {source="AAO"} ! nasal skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 {source="AAO"} ! ethmoid region property_value: external_definition "A median dividing wall, sagitally directed, which divides the nasal cavity into the right and the left nasal fossae. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000017", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Medial vertical wall between nasal capsules.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010135", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Medial, vertical plate that separates the nasal capsules.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000559", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Whatever the common ancestor of the lamprey and gnathostomes may have looked like, it most likely possessed a neural-crest-derived premandibular ectomesenchyme closely associated with the NHP. Invention of the jaw subsequently required a space for the nasal septum and maxillary process to develop, which might have been provided by subdivision of the NHP into the nasal placode and the hypophysis (diplorhiny, the state of bilaterally separated nasal openings, would also have been a prerequisite for this).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000017", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1098/rstb.2001.0976 Kuratani S, Nobusada Y, Horigome N, Shigetani Y, Embryology of the lamprey and evolution of the vertebrate jaw: insights from molecular and developmental perspectives. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001707 name: nasal cavity def: "a large air filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_cavity] comment: the cavity includes and starts at the nares and reaches all the way through to the and includes the choanae, the posterior nasal apertures[HP] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cavitas nasalis" RELATED [BTO:0002096] synonym: "cavitas nasi" RELATED [BTO:0002096] synonym: "cavity of nose" EXACT [] synonym: "cavum nasi; cavitas nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasal_cavity] synonym: "nasal canal" EXACT [ZFA:0000130] synonym: "nasal fossa" EXACT [Wikipedia:Nasal_cavity] synonym: "nasal pit" RELATED [] synonym: "olfactory cavity" RELATED [] synonym: "olfactory pit" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0000130] xref: AAO:0000314 xref: BTO:0002096 xref: EHDAA2:0001226 xref: EHDAA:6801 xref: EMAPA:17604 xref: FMA:54378 xref: GAID:350 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg/200px-Illu01_head_neck.jpg xref: MA:0000284 xref: MESH:A.04.531.449 xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Cavity xref: SCTID:263481003 xref: TAO:0000130 xref: VHOG:0000271 xref: ZFA:0000130 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005870 ! olfactory pit relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 {source="MA"} ! olfactory apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 {source="MA"} ! upper respiratory tract property_value: external_definition "Saclike space internal to the nasal capsule lined by respiratory and sensory epithelium and glandular tissue.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000314", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Despite significant modification to the nasal cavity within Archosauria and its extreme hypertrophy and supraorbital development in Lambeosaurinae, the neural olfactory system and the olfactory region of the nasal cavity proper retain their plesiomorphic positions and associations, suggesting that this system is highly conserved in vertebrate evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000271", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1666/0094-8373(2006)032[0109:NCHACC]2.0.CO;2 Evans DC, Nasal cavity homologies and cranial crest function in lambeosaurine dinosaurs. Paleobiology (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001708 name: jaw skeleton def: "Subdivision of skeleton which includes upper and lower jaw skeletons." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Jaw] comment: TODO: move ZFA:0001227 (it is the entire jaw skeleton). Editor notes: in FMA, the jaw is an organism subdivision cluster, and includes mucosal tissue such as the gingiva as parts. It appears to be skeletal in MA (and has teeth as parts). It is reasonable to assume that ZFA and XAO consider the upper and lower jaws to be skeletal elements or clusters. EHDAA2 also considers these clusters. TODO - follow EHDAA2 model. These arbitrary differences in terminology and classification have to be reconciled with the genuine well-known biological differences in the skeletal elements across vertebrates. Development notes: There are cellular contributions from all three embryonic germ layers: pharyngeal mesoderm, endoderm and neural crest that migrates out of the ectoderm (Noden, 1983). subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior splanchnocranium" RELATED [] synonym: "jaw" EXACT [MA:0001905] synonym: "jaw cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001227] synonym: "jaws" RELATED [] synonym: "mandibular arch" RELATED [TAO:0001227] synonym: "mandibular arch skeleton" EXACT [ZFA:0001227] synonym: "oral jaw skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "pharyngeal arch 1 skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "visceral arch 1" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000988 xref: BTO:0001749 xref: FMA:54396 xref: GAID:214 xref: galen:Jaw xref: MA:0001905 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.502 xref: ncithesaurus:Jaw xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjEZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181811001 xref: TAO:0001227 xref: ZFA:0001227 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011595 ! jaw region property_value: external_definition "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the first pharyngeal arch.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001227", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001709 name: upper jaw region def: "Subdivision of head that consists of the upper jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Upper_jaw] comment: AO notes: Note isa/partof difference MA/FMA. See notes for jaw w.r.t skeletal element vs subdivision of head. See also subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal mandibular arch" RELATED [] synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal arch 1" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "maxillary part of mouth" EXACT [FMA:59399] synonym: "palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [] synonym: "upper pharyngeal jaws" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000620 xref: EHDAA2:0002118 xref: EHDAA2:0004607 xref: EHDAA:8025 xref: EMAPA:17924 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gray189.png/200px-Gray189.png xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Jaw xref: SCTID:362636001 xref: VHOG:0000454 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011595 ! jaw region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005868 ! maxillary prominence relationship: part_of UBERON:0004089 ! midface property_value: external_definition "Superior maxillary arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000620", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000454", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001710 [Term] id: UBERON:0001710 name: lower jaw region def: "Subdivision of head that consists of the lower jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Lower_jaw] comment: AO notes: Note isa/partof difference MA/FMA. See notes for jaw w.r.t skeletal element vs subdivision of head subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mandibular part of mouth" EXACT [FMA:59398] synonym: "mandibular series" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000272 xref: EFO:0003660 xref: EHDAA2:0001018 xref: EHDAA:7995 xref: EMAPA:17906 xref: FMA:59398 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray176.png/200px-Gray176.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.502.632 xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Jaw xref: SCTID:362637005 xref: VHOG:0000453 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011595 ! jaw region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005867 {source="Wikipedia:Mandibular_prominence"} ! mandibular prominence property_value: external_definition "Inferior mandibular arch located on the anterior and lateral sides of the skull.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000272", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000453", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001711 name: eyelid def: "An eyelid is a thin fold of skin that covers and protects an eyeball. With the exception of the prepuce and the labia minora, it has the thinnest skin of the whole body. The levator palpebrae superioris muscle retracts the eyelid to 'open' the eye. This can be either voluntarily or involuntarily. The human eyelid features a row of eyelashes which serve to heighten the protection of the eye from dust and foreign debris, as well as from perspiration. 'Palpebral' (and 'blepharo') means relating to the eyelids. Its key function is to regularly spread the tears and other secretion on the eye surface to keep it moist, since the cornea must be continuously moist. They keep the eyes from drying out when asleep. Moreover, the blink reflex protects the eye from foreign bodies. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Eyelid] comment: AO notes: FMA divides this into skin, fascia, conjunctiva. Consider adding 'eye surface', like MA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "blepharon" EXACT [] synonym: "palpebra" EXACT [] synonym: "palpebra inferior, palpebra superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Eyelid] synonym: "palpebrae" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: BTO:0002241 xref: EHDAA2:0000487 xref: EHDAA:9037 xref: EMAPA:17829 xref: EV:0100338 xref: FMA:54437 xref: GAID:72 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Eye_makeup.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eye_makeup.jpg/200px-Eye_makeup.jpg xref: MA:0000268 xref: MESH:A.01.456.505.420.504 xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelid xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi4m5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:265782007 xref: VHOG:0000016 is_a: UBERON:1000021 ! skin of face relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 {source="multiple"} ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0001712 name: upper eyelid subset: uberon_slim synonym: "palpebra superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54439, FMA:TA] synonym: "superior eyelid" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0002115 xref: EHDAA:9047 xref: EMAPA:17834 xref: FMA:54439 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eye_makeup.jpg/200px-Eye_makeup.jpg xref: MA:0001267 xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Eyelid xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvg4ohJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244499008 xref: VHOG:0000389 is_a: UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid property_value: homology_notes "A tetrapod's eye usually has one or more eyelids that can move across its surface and protect and cleanse it. The eye of lissamphibians has a stationary upper eyelid but a movable and transparent lower one.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000389", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.431", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001713 name: lower eyelid subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior eyelid" EXACT [] synonym: "palpebra inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54442, FMA:TA] xref: AAO:0010349 xref: EHDAA2:0001015 xref: EHDAA:9041 xref: EMAPA:17831 xref: FMA:54442 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eye_makeup.jpg/200px-Eye_makeup.jpg xref: MA:0001263 xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Eyelid xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvW6GtJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362528002 xref: VHOG:0000388 xref: XAO:0000007 is_a: UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid property_value: homology_notes "A tetrapod's eye usually has one or more eyelids that can move across its surface and protect and cleanse it. The eye of lissamphibians has a stationary upper eyelid but a movable and transparent lower one.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000388", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.431", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001714 name: cranial ganglion alt_id: UBERON:0003213 def: "Ganglion of a cranial nerve[cjm]." [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve_ganglion] comment: Editor note: split out MA ter,. Note the MA term is part of the CNS. This needs to be checked w.r.t relationship between ganglia and the PNS, as the PNS and CNS are spatially disjoint. also meaning of MA term is not clear (appears to be union of nerve and ganglion, but MA 'cranial nerve' is unconnected) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cranial ganglia" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial ganglion/nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial nerve ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial neural ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial neural tree organ ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion of cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54502] synonym: "ganglion of cranial neural tree organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head ganglion" RELATED [] synonym: "presumptive cranial ganglia" RELATED [ZFA:0000013] xref: BTO:0000106 xref: EFO:0000902 xref: EMAPA:16659 xref: FMA:54502 xref: MA:0000213 xref: MA:0000214 xref: MAT:0000200 xref: MIAA:0000200 xref: SCTID:244448001 xref: TAO:0000013 xref: VHOG:0000076 xref: XAO:0000027 xref: ZFA:0000013 is_a: UBERON:0003338 ! ganglion of peripheral nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001785 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve property_value: external_definition "Ganglion which is located in the head.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000013", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001715 name: oculomotor nuclear complex def: "The fibers of the oculomotor nerve arise from a nucleus in the midbrain, which lies in the gray substance of the floor of the cerebral aqueduct and extends in front of the aqueduct for a short distance into the floor of the third ventricle. From this nucleus the fibers pass forward through the tegmentum, the red nucleus, and the medial part of the substantia nigra, forming a series of curves with a lateral convexity, and emerge from the oculomotor sulcus on the medial side of the cerebral peduncle. The nucleus of the oculomotor nerve does not consist of a continuous column of cells, but is broken up into a number of smaller nuclei, which are arranged in two groups, anterior and posterior. Those of the posterior group are six in number, five of which are symmetrical on the two sides of the middle line, while the sixth is centrally placed and is common to the nerves of both sides. The anterior group consists of two nuclei, an antero-medial and an antero-lateral . The nucleus of the oculomotor nerve, considered from a physiological standpoint, can be subdivided into several smaller groups of cells, each group controlling a particular muscle. A nearby nucleus, the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, is responsible for the autonomic functions of the oculomotor nerve, including pupillary constriction and lens accommodation. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_of_oculomotor_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "motor nucleus III" RELATED [] synonym: "nIII" RELATED [] synonym: "nucleus nervi oculomotorii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54510, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of third cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "oculomotor III nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001073] synonym: "oculomotor nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "third cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:III xref: BM:MB-III xref: EFO:0002468 xref: EHDAA2:0004211 xref: EV:0100250 xref: FMA:54510 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0001073 xref: ncithesaurus:Oculomotor_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1240 xref: SCTID:362457000 xref: TAO:0000553 xref: VHOG:0001389 xref: ZFA:0000553 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001716 name: secondary palate def: "Partition that separates the nasal and oral cavities[GO]. The palate is divided into two parts, the anterior bony hard palate, and the posterior fleshy soft palate or velum. The maxillary nerve branch of the trigeminal nerve (V) supplies sensory innervation to the palate[WP]." [GO:0060021, Wikipedia:Palate, Wikipedia:Secondary_palate] comment: Function notes: separates respiratory and oral passages. Taxon notes: present in mammals and some reptiles. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but, in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly separate. The secondary palate is formed by bilateral medial extensions of maxillary processes. The extensions (palatine processes) meet at the midline, merging dorsally with nasal septum and rostrally with primary palate. The secondary palate (hard palate) separates nasal and oral cavities. Caudal extension of the secondary palate into the pharynx, forms a soft palate which divides the rostral pharynx into dorsal (nasopharynx) and ventral (oropharynx) chamber. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "definitive palate" EXACT [EMAPA:18948] synonym: "oral roof" EXACT [] synonym: "palate" BROAD SENSU [EMAPA:18948, GO:0060021, MA:0002476] synonym: "palatum" BROAD [] synonym: "palatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palate] synonym: "palatum secundarium; palatum definitivum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Secondary_palate] synonym: "roof of mouth" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001779 xref: EMAPA:18948 xref: FMA:54549 xref: GAID:152 xref: galen:Palate xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Pig_snout_sagittal_cut.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg/200px-Illu01_head_neck.jpg xref: MA:0002476 xref: MESH:A.14.521.658 xref: ncithesaurus:Palate xref: ncithesaurus:Secondary_Palate xref: SCTID:181227004 is_a: UBERON:0004906 ! ectodermal gut is_a: UBERON:0007375 ! primary or secondary palate is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000167 ! oral cavity relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 {source="FMA"} ! mouth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 {source="EMAPA"} ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0001717 name: spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve def: "The spinal trigeminal nucleus is a nucleus in the medulla that receives information about deep/crude touch, pain, and temperature from the ipsilateral face. The facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves also convey pain information from their areas to the spinal trigeminal nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Spinal_trigeminal_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinal_trigeminal_nucleus] synonym: "spinal nucleus of cranial nerve v" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021741] synonym: "trigeminal nerve spinal tract nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal spinal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal v spinal sensory nucleus" EXACT [] xref: BM:VSp xref: FMA:54565 xref: GAID:605 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001053 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.931.920 xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_the_Spinal_Tract_of_the_Trigeminal_Nerve xref: SCTID:369033006 xref: VHOG:0001357 is_a: UBERON:0004132 {source="MA"} ! trigeminal sensory nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="MA"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0001718 name: mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve def: "The mesencephalic nucleus is involved with proprioception of the face, that is, the feeling of position of the muscles. Unlike many nuclei within the CNS, the mesencephalic nucleus contains no chemical synapses but are electrically coupled. Instead, neurons of this nucleus are pseudounipolar cells receiving proprioceptive information from the jaw, and sending projections to the motor trigeminal nucleus to mediate monosynaptic jaw reflexes. It is also the only structure in the CNS to contain the cell bodies of a primary afferent, which are usually contained within ganglia. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Mesencephalic_nucleus_of_trigeminal_nerve] comment: Development notes: develops from NC in some species[UBERONREF:0000002] Not of NC origin[doi:10.1002/dvdy.1197]. AO notes: part of midbrain tegmentum in NIF and MA. the neurons of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus are the only centrally located primary sensory neurons in amniotes; all others are extramedullary[PMID:11747082] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "Me5" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1010] synonym: "mesencephalic nucleus" BROAD [Wikipedia:Mesencephalic_nucleus_of_trigeminal_nerve] synonym: "mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021739] synonym: "mesencephalic trigeminal V nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mesencephalic_nucleus_of_trigeminal_nerve] synonym: "nucleus of mesencephalic root of v" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal nerve mesencepahlic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal V mesencephalic nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001057] xref: BM:Pons-5ME xref: EV:0100252 xref: FMA:54568 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001057 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1010 xref: SCTID:369032001 xref: TAO:0000312 xref: VHOG:0001354 xref: ZFA:0000312 is_a: UBERON:0004132 ! trigeminal sensory nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 {source="MA"} ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0001719 name: nucleus ambiguus def: "The nucleus ambiguus (literally 'ambiguous nucleus') is a region of histologically disparate cells located just dorsal to the inferior olivary nucleus in the lateral portion of the upper medulla. It receives upper motor neuron innervation directly via the corticobulbar tract This nucleus gives rise to the efferent motor fibers of the vagus nerve terminating in the laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, as well as to the efferent motor fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) terminating in the stylopharyngeus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_ambiguus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ambiguus nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:AMB xref: BM:Me-AMB xref: EHDAA2:0004305 xref: EV:0100292 xref: FMA:54588 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray695.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray695.png/200px-Gray695.png xref: MA:0001050 xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_Ambiguus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2650 xref: SCTID:280184006 is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0011775 {source="Wikipedia"} ! vagus nerve nucleus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010126 {evidence="definitional"} ! future nucleus ambiguus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001720 name: cochlear nucleus def: "The cochlear nuclei consist of: (a) the dorsal cochlear nucleus, corresponding to the tuberculum acusticum on the dorso-lateral surface of the inferior peduncle; and (b) the ventral or accessory cochlear nucleus, placed between the two divisions of the nerve, on the ventral aspect of the inferior peduncle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cochlear_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cochlear nucleus of acoustic nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cochlear nucleus of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cochlear VIII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001012] synonym: "nucleus of cochlear nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "statoacoustic (VIII) nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear nucleus" RELATED [] xref: FMA:54603 xref: GAID:601 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png xref: MA:0001012 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428.600.135 xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Nucleus xref: SCTID:362463009 xref: TAO:0002243 xref: ZFA:0001638 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0001721 name: inferior vestibular nucleus def: "The inferior vestibular nucleus is the vestibular nucleus which lies near the fourth ventricle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_vestibular_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "descending vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54608] synonym: "nucleus vestibularis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "spinal vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54608] xref: ABA:SPIV xref: BM:Me-VS-VSI xref: BTO:0004369 xref: EV:0100258 xref: FMA:54608 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray700.png xref: MA:0001054 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Vestibular_Nucleus xref: SCTID:280175006 is_a: UBERON:0007228 ! vestibular nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007227 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007230 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001722 name: medial vestibular nucleus def: "The medial vestibular nucleus is one of the vestibular nuclei. It is located in the medulla oblongata. Lateral vestibulo-spinal tract (lateral vestibular nucleus “Deiters”)- via ventrolateral medulla and spinal cord to ventral funiculus (lumbo-sacral segments). Ipsilaterally for posture Medial vestibulo-spinal tract (medial, lateral, inferior, vestibular nuclei), bilateral projection via descending medial longitudinal fasciculus to cervical segments. DESCENDING MLF. Bilaterally for head/neck/eye movements [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_vestibular_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "chief vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611] synonym: "dorsal vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611] synonym: "medial nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of schwalbe" EXACT [FMA:54611] synonym: "nucleus triangularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54611, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus vestibularis medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "principal vestibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611] synonym: "schwalbe's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611] synonym: "triangular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54611] xref: ABA:MV xref: BM:Me-VS-VSM xref: BTO:0004371 xref: FMA:54611 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Lower_pons_horizontal_KB.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray700.png/200px-Gray700.png xref: MA:0001048 xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Vestibular_Nucleus xref: SCTID:280174005 is_a: UBERON:0007228 ! vestibular nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001721 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007227 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007230 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001723 name: tongue def: "The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in many other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech[GO]." [GO:0043586, Wikipedia:Tongue] comment: editor notes - in MA the tongue is part of the oral region, which in uberon is treated as the oral opening. consider revising oral opening - oral region equivalence. Taxon notes: Many species of fish have small folds at the base of their mouths that might informally be called tongues, but they lack a muscular structure like the true tongues found in most tetrapods. Development notes: The tongue has contributions from all pharyngeal arches which changes with time. The tongue initially begins as swelling rostral to foramen cecum, the median tongue bud.. tongue muscles derive from the somites - http://php.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php?title=Tongue_Development#Pharyngeal_Arch_Contributions subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lingua" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tongue] xref: AAO:0010360 xref: BTO:0001385 xref: EFO:0000833 xref: EHDAA2:0002062 xref: EHDAA:9144 xref: EMAPA:17185 xref: EMAPA:18870 xref: EV:0100058 xref: FMA:54640 xref: GAID:816 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Tongue.agr.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Tongue.agr.jpg/200px-Tongue.agr.jpg xref: MA:0000347 xref: MAT:0000040 xref: MESH:A.14.549.885 xref: MIAA:0000040 xref: ncithesaurus:Tongue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjmJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA_53KXLq9EdqAAAACs6hnmQ xref: SCTID:181226008 xref: TAO:0005333 xref: VHOG:0000419 xref: XAO:0000446 xref: ZFA:0005333 is_a: UBERON:0000020 {source="GO"} ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010056 {evidence="definitional"} ! future tongue relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0006260 {notes="anterior 2/3"} ! lingual swellings relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0006756 {source="Wikipedia"} ! median lingual swelling relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0006757 {source="Wikipedia"} ! lateral lingual swelling relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 {source="FMA", source="BTO"} ! mouth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 {source="MA"} ! gustatory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system property_value: external_definition "A mobile mass of muscular tissue that is covered with mucous membrane, occupies much of the cavity of the mouth, forms part of its floor, bears the organ of taste, and assists in chewing and swallowing. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000419", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tongue"} property_value: external_definition "Muscular organ in the floor of the mouth.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} property_value: homology_notes "Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000419", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00073.x Iwasaki S, Evolution of the structure and function of the vertebrate tongue. J Anat (2002)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001724 name: sphenoidal sinus def: "One of the paired paranasal sinuses, located in the body of the sphenoid bone and communicating with the highest meatus of the nasal cavity on the same side[MESH]. The sphenoidal sinuses (or sphenoid) contained within the body of the sphenoid vary in size and shape; owing to the lateral displacement of the intervening septum they are rarely symmetrical. The following are their average measurements: vertical height, 2.2 cm. ; transverse breadth, 2 cm. ; antero-posterior depth, 2.2 cm. [WP,unvetted]." [MESH:A.04.531.621.827, Wikipedia:Sphenoidal_sinus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sinus sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sphenoidal_sinus] synonym: "sphenoid sinus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:54683 xref: GAID:359 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Gray856.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Gray856.png/200px-Gray856.png xref: MA:0001795 xref: MESH:A.04.531.621.827 xref: ncithesaurus:Sphenoid_Sinus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwEIoz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181207000 is_a: UBERON:0001825 {source="MA"} ! paranasal sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0001725 name: cranial synchondrosis def: "the cartilaginous joints of the skull; these include sphenoethmoidal synchondrosis, sphenooccipital synchondrosis, sphenopetrosal synchondrosis, petrooccipital synchondrosis, anterior intraoccipital synchondrosis and posterior intraoccipital synchondrosis." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=87514] xref: FMA:54816 xref: MA:0001502 xref: SCTID:314228003 is_a: UBERON:0002215 {source="FMA"} ! synchondrosis relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 intersection_of: UBERON:0002215 ! synchondrosis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull [Term] id: UBERON:0001726 name: papilla of tongue synonym: "lingual papilla" EXACT [] synonym: "tongue papilla" EXACT [] xref: FMA:54819 xref: MA:0001593 xref: ncithesaurus:Papilla_of_the_Tongue xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4102 xref: SCTID:368728006 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0009471 {source="FMA-modified"} ! dorsum of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0001727 name: taste bud def: "Taste buds are small structures on the upper surface of the tongue, soft palate, upper esophagus and epiglottis that provide information about the taste of food being eaten. These structures are involved in detecting the five elements of taste perception: salty, sour, bitter, sweet, and umami (or savory). Via small openings in the tongue epithelium, called taste pores, parts of the food dissolved in saliva come into contact with the taste receptors. These are located on top of the taste receptor cells that constitute the taste buds. The taste receptor cells send information detected by clusters of various receptors and ion channels to the gustatory areas of the brain via the seventh, ninth and tenth cranial nerves. The human tongue has about 10,000 taste buds. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] comment: Editor notes: todo - account for non-tongue taste buds. Development notes: arise by inductive interactions between epithelial cells and invading gustatory cells from chorda tympani (facial), glossophrayngeal and vagues nerves ISBN10:1607950324 (todo - request cell terms from CL) Taste buds form in greatest concentration on the dorsal surface of the tongue subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caliculus gustatorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] synonym: "caliculus gustatorius" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] synonym: "taste buds" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] synonym: "taste-bud" RELATED [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] synonym: "tastebud" EXACT [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] synonym: "tastebuds" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Taste_bud] xref: AAO:0010573 xref: BTO:0000989 xref: FMA:54825 xref: GAID:815 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Gray1018.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Gray1018.png/200px-Gray1018.png xref: MA:0001591 xref: MESH:A.08.800.550.700.120.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Taste_Bud xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4101 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjan5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362099006 xref: TAO:0001074 xref: VHOG:0000130 xref: XAO:0000445 xref: ZFA:0001074 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system is_a: UBERON:0004906 ! ectodermal gut relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 {source="http://dev.biologists.org/content/128/22/4573.full"} ! early pharyngeal endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 {source="ZFA"} ! gustatory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001726 {source="Wikipedia"} ! papilla of tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002926 {source="NIF"} ! gustatory epithelium property_value: external_definition "A chemoreceptive organ.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010573", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "One of a number of receptor cell nests located in the epithelium of the papillae of the tongue and in the soft palate, epiglottis, and pharynx that mediate the sense of taste. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000130", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/taste+bud"} property_value: homology_notes "Experients in amphibia have shown that an intrinsic feature of the pharyngeal endoderm is its ability to generate taste buds and this capacity must have been acquired by the endoderm at the origin of the vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000130", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001728 name: nasopharynx def: "uppermost part of the pharynx. It extends from the base of the skull to the upper surface of the soft palate; it differs from the oral and laryngeal parts of the pharynx in that its cavity always remains patent (open)[WP]. In front it communicates through the choanae with the nasal cavities. On its lateral wall is the pharyngeal ostium of the auditory tube, somewhat triangular in shape, and bounded behind by a firm prominence, the torus tubarius or cushion, caused by the medial end of the cartilage of the tube which elevates the mucous membrane." [Wikipedia:Nasopharynx] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epipharynx" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharynx] synonym: "nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [] synonym: "Nasenrachenraum" RELATED [BTO:0000662] synonym: "pars nasalis pharyngis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasopharynx] synonym: "rhinopharynx" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000662 xref: EHDAA2:0001239 xref: EHDAA:7086 xref: EMAPA:17670 xref: EMAPA:25092 xref: EV:0100066 xref: FMA:54878 xref: GAID:339 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Illu_pharynx.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Illu_pharynx.jpg/200px-Illu_pharynx.jpg xref: MA:0000443 xref: MAT:0000447 xref: MESH:A.03.867.557 xref: ncithesaurus:Nasopharynx xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwUPoDJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181200003 xref: VHOG:0000375 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract property_value: external_definition "The uppermost of the three regions of the throat (pharynx), situated behind the nasal cavity and extending from the posterior nares to the level above the soft palate. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000375", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nasopharynx"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001729 name: oropharynx def: "The Oropharynx (oral part of the pharynx) reaches from the Uvula to the level of the hyoid bone. It opens anteriorly, through the isthmus faucium, into the mouth, while in its lateral wall, between the two palatine arches, is the palatine tonsil. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Oropharynx] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "mesopharynx" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharynx] synonym: "oral part of pharynx" EXACT [] synonym: "pars oralis pharyngis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oropharynx] xref: EFO:0001976 xref: EHDAA2:0004082 xref: EMAPA:25094 xref: EV:0100067 xref: FMA:54879 xref: GAID:340 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Illu_pharynx.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Illu_pharynx.jpg/200px-Illu_pharynx.jpg xref: MA:0000351 xref: MAT:0000446 xref: MESH:A.03.867.603 xref: ncithesaurus:Oropharynx xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwACoxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:263376008 xref: VHOG:0000457 xref: VSAO:0000034 xref: XAO:0004048 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010023 {source="ISBN10:0073040584-table13.1"} ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system property_value: external_definition "One of the three anatomic divisions of the pharynx that lies posterior to the mouth and is continuous above with the nasopharynx and below with the laryngopharynx. It extends behind the mouth from the soft palate above to the level of the hyoid bone below and contains the palatine and lingual tonsils. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000457", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oropharynx"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001730 name: extrinsic ligament of larynx synonym: "laryngeal extrinsic ligament" EXACT [] xref: FMA:54921 xref: MA:0001756 xref: SCTID:279550004 is_a: UBERON:0001743 ! ligament of larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001731 name: cavity of pharynx comment: Taxon notes: See notes for pharynx - as a grouping class this is probably too bad. We exclude WBbt:0005790 (pharyngeal lumen) because of the developmental relationship. Development notes: TOODO check synonym: "cavitas pharyngealis" RELATED LATIN [] synonym: "cavitas pharyngis" RELATED [BTO:0002097] synonym: "lumen of pharynx" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngeal cavity" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010435 xref: BTO:0002097 xref: EMAPA:18381 xref: EMAPA:18869 xref: FMA:54935 xref: SCTID:180543003 xref: XAO:0000105 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 {source="XAO"} ! foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 {source="XAO"} ! digestive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0006562 ! pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001732 name: pharyngeal tonsil def: "Adenoids (or pharyngeal tonsils, or nasopharyngeal tonsils) are a mass of lymphoid tissue situated at the very back of the nose, in the roof of the nasopharynx, where the nose blends into the mouth. Normally, in children, they make a soft mound in the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx, just above and behind the uvula. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_tonsil] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adenoid" EXACT [] synonym: "nasopharyngeal tonsil" EXACT [] synonym: "Rachenmandel" RELATED [BTO:0000777] synonym: "tonsil of luschka" EXACT [] synonym: "tonsilla pharyngea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_tonsil] xref: BTO:0000777 xref: EV:0100054 xref: FMA:54970 xref: GAID:1288 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Gray994-adenoid.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray994-adenoid.png/200px-Gray994-adenoid.png xref: MA:0000774 xref: MESH:A.15.382.520.604.084 xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Tonsil xref: SCTID:181199001 is_a: UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001733 name: soft palate def: "soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth. The soft palate is distinguished from the hard palate at the front of the mouth in that it does not contain bone[WP]. The soft palate is the posterior portion of the palate extending from the posterior edge of the hard palate[GO]." [GO:0060023, Wikipedia:Soft_palate] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "muscular palate" RELATED [Wikipedia:Soft_palate] synonym: "palatum molle, velum palatinum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Soft_palate] synonym: "velum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Soft_palate] xref: EMAPA:18949 xref: FMA:55021 xref: GAID:1284 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Tonsils_diagram.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Tonsils_diagram.jpg/200px-Tonsils_diagram.jpg xref: MA:0002412 xref: MAT:0000039 xref: MESH:A.14.549.617.780 xref: MIAA:0000039 xref: ncithesaurus:Soft_Palate xref: SCTID:245784004 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 {source="FMA"} ! mouth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 {source="MA"} ! secondary palate property_value: external_definition "A muscular arch-shaped structure [is this an 'anatomical cluster�?] that is composed of the musculus uvuli and parts of tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus and attaches to the hard palate and modulates the connections between the oral cavity and pharynx soft tissue arch .[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001734 name: uvula def: "Conic projection from the posterior edge of the middle of the soft palate, composed of connective tissue containing a number of racemose glands, and some muscular fibers. The uvula, hanging from the end of the soft palate, is responsible for the sound of snoring. Touching the uvula or the end of the soft palate evokes a strong gag reflex in most people." [Wikipedia:Palatine_uvula] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "palatine uvula" EXACT [] synonym: "uvula of palate" EXACT [] synonym: "uvula palatina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55022, FMA:TA] synonym: "uvula palatina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palatine_uvula] xref: EFO:0001386 xref: FMA:55022 xref: GAID:1285 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Tonsils_diagram.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Tonsils_diagram.jpg/200px-Tonsils_diagram.jpg xref: MESH:A.14.549.617.780.729 xref: ncithesaurus:Uvula xref: SCTID:362082005 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate [Term] id: UBERON:0001735 name: tonsillar ring def: "lymphoid tissue ring located in the pharynx and to the back of the oral cavity. The ring consists of (from superior to inferior): Pharyngeal tonsil (also known as 'adenoids' when infected) Tubal tonsil (where Eustachian tube opens in the nasopharynx) Palatine tonsils (commonly called 'the tonsils' in the vernacular, less commonly termed 'faucial tonsils') Lingual tonsils Some animals, but not humans, have one or two additional tonsils: Soft palate tonsil Paraepiglottic tonsil[WP]." [Wikipedia:Waldeyer's_ring] comment: see also FMA:79771 naso-pharyngeal lymphoid tissue subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anulus lymphoideus pharyngis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55070, FMA:TA] synonym: "oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngeal lymphatic ring" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngeal lymphoid ring" EXACT [] synonym: "Waldeyer's ring" EXACT [] synonym: "Waldeyer's tonsillar ring" EXACT [] xref: FMA:55070 xref: MA:0000752 xref: ncithesaurus:Waldeyers_Tonsillar_Ring xref: SCTID:56411004 is_a: UBERON:0001962 ! gut-associated lymphoid tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001736 name: submandibular gland def: "The paired submandibular glands (submaxillary glands) are salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth. In humans, they account for 70% of the salivary volume and weigh about 15 grams. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submandibular_gland] comment: TODO check SSG vs SG subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glandula submandibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Submandibular_gland] synonym: "submandibular salivary gland" RELATED [] synonym: "submaxillary gland" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001316 xref: EFO:0001387 xref: EMAPA:18812 xref: EV:0100061 xref: FMA:55093 xref: GAID:942 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg xref: MA:0001589 xref: MESH:A.10.336.779.812 xref: ncithesaurus:Submandibular_Gland xref: SCTID:181235001 xref: VHOG:0000364 is_a: UBERON:0001829 ! major salivary gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006298 ! submandibular gland primordium property_value: external_definition "Either of two major salivary glands situated in the neck near the lower edge of each side of the mandible and emptying into the submandibular duct. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000364", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/submandibular+gland"} property_value: homology_notes "The most common oral glands in mammals are the salivary glands. There are usually three primary pairs of salivary glands, named for their approximate positions: mandibular (submandibular or submaxillary), sublingual, and parotid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000364", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.525", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001737 name: larynx def: "Heterogeneous cluster that connects the pharynx to the tracheobronchial tree[FMA]." [FMA:55097, Wikipedia:Larynx] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0000268 xref: BTO:0001208 xref: EFO:0000838 xref: EHDAA2:0004063 xref: EMAPA:18333 xref: EV:0100039 xref: FMA:55097 xref: GAID:108 xref: galen:Larynx xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Larynx_external_en.svg xref: MA:0000414 xref: MAT:0000187 xref: MESH:A.04.329 xref: MIAA:0000187 xref: ncithesaurus:Larynx xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViOnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181212004 xref: VHOG:0001279 xref: XAO:0003081 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008947 {source="EHDAA2"} ! respiratory primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract property_value: external_definition "An anatomical cluster consisting of the epiglottus, the arytenoid cartilages, the thyroid cartilage, the cricoid cartilage and the muscles, membranes, and ligaments connecting them, and also of the mucosal covering these structures.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure consisting of a narrowly triangular chamber supported by a series of semicircular cartilages in which part of the sound-production system is located.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000268", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes " (In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages (...), which support vocal cords, and a ventral pair (often fused) of cricoid cartilage (...). These cartilages are regarded as derivatives of posterior visceral arches of ancestors. Together they constitute the larynx, a structure characteristic of tetrapods. (...) (In mammals) Paired arytenoid cartilages help support and control the vocal cords. The cricoid cartilage is single. Two additional cartilages are present that are lacking in other vertebrates: a large ventral thyroid cartilage (...) and a cartilage in the epiglottis.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001279", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.239-241", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001738 name: thyroid cartilage def: "The thyroid cartilage is the largest of the nine cartilages that make up the laryngeal skeleton, the cartilage structure in and around the trachea that contains the larynx. It is composed of two plate-like laminae that fuse on the anterior side of the cartilage to form a peak, called the laryngeal prominence. This prominence is often referred to as the 'pomus Adamus' or 'Adam's apple'. The laryngeal prominence is more prominent in adult male than female because of the difference in the size of the angle: 90° in male and 120° in female. The lip of the thyroid cartilage just superior to the laryngeal prominence is called the superior thyroid notch, while the notch inferior to the thyroid angle is called the inferior thyroid notch. Its posterior border is elongated both inferiorly and superiorly to form the superior horn of thyroid cartilage and inferior horn of thyroid cartilage. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilago thyroidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage] synonym: "cartilago thyroidea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage] synonym: "laryngeal prominence" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage] synonym: "pomus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage] synonym: "pomus adamus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroid_cartilage] xref: BTO:0003655 xref: EHDAA2:0002030 xref: EHDAA:9395 xref: EMAPA:18698 xref: FMA:55099 xref: GAID:112 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Larynx_external_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Larynx_external_en.svg/200px-Larynx_external_en.svg.png xref: MA:0001764 xref: MESH:A.02.165.507.870 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Cartilage xref: SCTID:263483000 xref: VHOG:0001365 is_a: UBERON:0001739 ! laryngeal cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010219 {source="EHDAA2"} ! thyroid pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010212 {source="EHDAA2"} ! laryngeal apparatus property_value: external_definition "The largest cartilage of the larynx, having two broad processes that join anteriorly to form the Adam's apple. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001365", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thyroid+cartilage"} property_value: homology_notes "[In anura] a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages (...), which support vocal cords, and a ventral pair (often fused) of cricoid cartilage (...). These cartilages are regarded as derivatives of posterior visceral arches of ancestors. Together they constitute the larynx, a structure characteristic of tetrapods. (...) [In mammals] Paired arytenoid cartilages help support and control the vocal cords. The cricoid cartilage is single. Two additional cartilages are present that are lacking in other vertebrates: a large ventral thyroid cartilage (...) and a cartilage in the epiglottis.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001365", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.239-241", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001739 name: laryngeal cartilage def: "the cartilaginous structures that support the larynx." [MP:0002256] synonym: "cartilage of larynx" EXACT [FMA:55108] synonym: "cartilagines laryngeales" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "larynx cartilage" EXACT [VHOG:0001550] xref: BTO:0003660 xref: EHDAA:8157 xref: EMAPA:18697 xref: FMA:55108 xref: GAID:107 xref: MA:0001758 xref: MESH:A.02.165.507 xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Cartilage xref: SCTID:263482005 xref: VHOG:0001550 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011004 ! pharyngeal arch cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 intersection_of: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010213 ! laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 {source="UBERONREF:0000008"} ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0010212 ! laryngeal apparatus property_value: homology_notes " (In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages (...), which support vocal cords, and a ventral pair (often fused) of cricoid cartilage (...). These cartilages are regarded as derivatives of posterior visceral arches of ancestors. Together they constitute the larynx, a structure characteristic of tetrapods. (...) (In mammals) Paired arytenoid cartilages help support and control the vocal cords. The cricoid cartilage is single. Two additional cartilages are present that are lacking in other vertebrates: a large ventral thyroid cartilage (...) and a cartilage in the epiglottis.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001550", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.239-241", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001740 name: arytenoid cartilage def: "The arytenoid cartilages are a pair of small three-sided pyramids which form part of the larynx, to which the vocal cords are attached. Each is pyramidal in form, and has three surfaces, a base, and an apex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_cartilage] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arytenoid" EXACT [EMAPA:18695] synonym: "arytenoids" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_cartilage] synonym: "cartilagines arytenoidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_cartilage] synonym: "cartilago arytaenoidea" RELATED [AAO:0000674] synonym: "cartilago arytenoidea" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000674 xref: EMAPA:17977 xref: EMAPA:18695 xref: FMA:55109 xref: GAID:109 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray950.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray950.png/200px-Gray950.png xref: MA:0001759 xref: MESH:A.02.165.507.083 xref: ncithesaurus:Arytenoid_Cartilage xref: SCTID:264446005 is_a: UBERON:0001739 ! laryngeal cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010220 {source="cjm"} ! arytenoid pre-cartilage condensation property_value: external_definition "Paired, anteroposteriorly elongated cartilages that are associated with the vocal cords. These cartilages are medially separated and hemispherical, and their concave side faces ventromedially.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000674", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001741 name: corniculate cartilage def: "The corniculate cartilages (cartilages of Santorini) are two small conical nodules consisting of yellow elastic cartilage, which articulate with the summits of the arytenoid cartilages and serve to prolong them posteriorly and medially. They are situated in the posterior parts of the aryepiglottic folds of mucous membrane, and are sometimes fused with the arytenoid cartilages. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Corniculate_cartilages] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilage of Santorini" EXACT [] synonym: "cartilagines corniculata" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Corniculate_cartilage] synonym: "Santorini's cartilage" EXACT [] xref: FMA:55110 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Gray952.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Gray952.png/200px-Gray952.png xref: MA:0001885 xref: ncithesaurus:Corniculate_Cartilage xref: SCTID:278989005 is_a: UBERON:0001996 {source="MA"} ! elastic cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003406 ! cartilage of respiratory system is_a: UBERON:0003583 ! larynx connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 {source="FMA"} ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0001742 name: epiglottic cartilage def: "the most superior of the laryngeal cartilages, which is found at the root of the tongue and folds back over the entrance to the larynx during swallowing." [MP:0002259] comment: AO notes: laryngeal cartilage in MP subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:55112 xref: MA:0001763 xref: ncithesaurus:Epiglottic_Cartilage xref: SCTID:278990001 is_a: UBERON:0001739 ! laryngeal cartilage is_a: UBERON:0001996 ! elastic cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003406 ! cartilage of respiratory system is_a: UBERON:0003583 ! larynx connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis [Term] id: UBERON:0001743 name: ligament of larynx def: "A ligament that is part of a larynx [Obol]. " [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngeal ligament" EXACT [] synonym: "larynx ligament" EXACT [] xref: FMA:55131 xref: MA:0001755 xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Ligament xref: SCTID:279508004 is_a: UBERON:0003583 ! larynx connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0008845 {source="FMA"} ! nonskeletal ligament relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 intersection_of: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001744 name: lymphoid tissue def: "Portion of connective tissue with various types of white blood cells enmeshed in it, most numerous being the lymphocytes[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lymphoid_tissue] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lymphatic tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "lymphocytic tissue" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000753 xref: FMA:55220 xref: GAID:342 xref: galen:LymphoidTissue xref: MA:0002436 xref: MESH:A.10.549 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphoid_Tissue xref: SCTID:181768009 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002193 ! hemolymphoid system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system [Term] id: UBERON:0001745 name: secondary nodular lymphoid tissue def: "A lymphoid follicle that contains a germinal center." [CL:tm] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "peripheral lymphoid tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "secondary lymphoid nodule" EXACT [] synonym: "secondary lymphoid tissue" EXACT [] xref: FMA:55224 xref: GAID:946 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Keimzentrum.jpg/200px-Keimzentrum.jpg is_a: UBERON:0000444 ! lymphoid follicle relationship: has_part UBERON:0010754 intersection_of: UBERON:0000444 ! lymphoid follicle intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010422 ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue relationship: has_part UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center [Term] id: UBERON:0001746 name: fibrous capsule of thyroid gland comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "thyroid capsule" EXACT [] synonym: "thyroid gland capsule" EXACT [] xref: FMA:55513 xref: MA:0002675 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Gland_Capsule xref: SCTID:176859009 is_a: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001747 name: parenchyma of thyroid gland def: "A parenchyma that is part of a thyroid follicle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "parenchyma of thyroid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parenchyma of thyroid follicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parenchyma of thyroid gland follicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thyroid follicle parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thyroid gland follicle parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thyroid gland parenchyma" EXACT [] synonym: "thyroid parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004579 xref: FMA:55515 xref: MA:0000730 xref: SCTID:371402001 is_a: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001748 name: capsule of parathyroid gland comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "parathyroid gland capsule" EXACT [] xref: FMA:55566 xref: MA:0002676 xref: ncithesaurus:Parathyroid_Gland_Capsule is_a: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001132 intersection_of: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001749 name: parenchyma of parathyroid gland def: "A parenchyma that is part of a parathyroid gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "parathyroid gland parenchyma" EXACT [] synonym: "parathyroid parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parenchyma of parathyroid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:55569 xref: MA:0002677 is_a: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0001132 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001750 name: lacrimal apparatus def: "The lacrimal apparatus is the physiologic system containing the orbital structures for tear production and drainage. It consists of: (a) the lacrimal gland, which secretes the tears, and its excretory ducts, which convey the fluid to the surface of the eye; (b) the lacrimal canaliculi, the lacrimal sac, and the nasolacrimal duct, by which the fluid is conveyed into the cavity of the nose. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_apparatus] comment: todo - resolve canaliculus vs tear duct vs lacrimal vs nasolacrimal. AO notes: this is an eye appendage in ncit, along with eyelid and eyebrow. in MA, part of eye surface part_of eye subset: uberon_slim synonym: "apparatus lacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_apparatus] synonym: "nasolacrimal drainage system" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:55605 xref: GAID:901 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray896.png xref: MA:0000274 xref: MESH:A.09.371.463 xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Apparatus is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0010409 {source="MA"} ! eye surface [Term] id: UBERON:0001751 name: dentine def: "Collagen-rich odontogenic tissue characteristic of teeth and tooth-like skeletal elements (e.g., odontodes); mature dentine is mineralized and develops from predentine tissue; often (but not always) tubular and acellular." [VSAO:0000069, Wikipedia:Dentin] comment: Dentine is found in the fossil record as early as the late Cambrian, in fish, where it may have had a role in electrochemical sensing of the environment as well as assisting in defense[WP]. Editors note: note the asserted dual is_a parentage, as dentine is both skeletal tissue and a substance subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dentin" EXACT [MA:0002542] synonym: "dentine of tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "predentin" NARROW [GO:0070468] xref: BTO:0003453 xref: FMA:55628 xref: GAID:1272 xref: MA:0002542 xref: MESH:A.14.254.900.280 xref: ncithesaurus:Dentin xref: SCTID:362112004 xref: TAO:0005143 xref: VHOG:0001589 xref: VSAO:0000069 xref: XAO:0004051 xref: ZFA:0005143 is_a: UBERON:0001973 ! substance of tooth is_a: UBERON:0010365 {source="VSAO"} ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011587 {source="VSAO"} ! pre-dentine property_value: external_definition "Mineralized collagen containing substance that forms the tooth structure.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005143", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Dentine is a bona fide vertebrate novelty, and dentine-secreting odontoblasts represent a cell type that is exclusively derived from the neural crest.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001589", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01495.x Hall BK, Gillis JA, Incremental evolution of the neural crest, neural crest cells and neural crest-derived skeletal tissues. J Anat (2012)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001752 name: enamel def: "A dentine-like hypermineralized substance that covers the tooth tip. Enamel's primary mineral is hydroxylapatite, which is a crystalline calcium phosphate. Unlike dentin and bone, enamel does not contain collagen. Instead, it has two unique classes of proteins called amelogenins and enamelins[WP]." [Wikipedia:Enamel_organ, ZFIN:curator] comment: AO notes: part_of tooth enamel organ in MA. Editor notes: current classification under substance of tooth may be turned into taxon GCI (e.g. sharks have enamel in dermal denticles) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "enamel of tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "enamel tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "enameloid" RELATED [] synonym: "tooth enamel" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001844 xref: FMA:55629 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Enamelorgan11-17-05.jpg xref: MA:0002543 xref: MESH:A.14.254.900.255 xref: ncithesaurus:Enamel xref: SCTID:362113009 xref: VSAO:0000065 xref: XAO:0004198 is_a: UBERON:0001973 {source="FMA"} ! substance of tooth is_a: UBERON:0010365 {source="VSAO"} ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011588 {source="VSAO"} ! pre-enamel property_value: external_definition "Skeletal tissue that consists of an avascular, noncollagenous, hypermineralized matrix that is deposited by ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enamel develops from organic pre-enamel tissue that is replaced by a largely inorganic matrix.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000065", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001753 name: cementum def: "A bone-like mineralized tissue secreted by cementoblasts on the surface of root dentine or, in some animals, crown enamel[Diekwisch 2001]. Substance of tooth produced by cementoblasts; surrounds the dentine of the root of the tooth[FMA]. a specialized calcified substance covering the root of a tooth. Cementum is excreted by cells called cementoblasts within the root of the tooth and is thickest at the root apex. Its coloration is yellowish and it is softer than enamel and dentin due to being less mineralized[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cementum] comment: Cementum, the supporting tissue that anchors mammalian and crocodylian teeth into their sockets, differs among species and can have features of dentine, of bone, and of calcified cartilage, as well as unique features. Cementum is deposited by cementoblasts onto existing dentine. As in bone and dentine, cementoblasts produce an organic matrix, the main constituent of which is collagen type I (Bosshardt, 2005), but cementum, dentine, and bone also share a number of important noncollagenous matrix components such as osteopontin, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, a2-HS- glycoprotein, dentine matrix protein, dentine sialoprotein, and den- tine phosphoprotein (McKee et al., 1996; Bosshardt, 2005). it has been argued that in all rodents and ruminants, cementum is a form of calcified cartilage[H&W] synonym: "bone of attachment" RELATED [VSAO:0000062] synonym: "cement" EXACT [] synonym: "cement of tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "cementum" EXACT [] synonym: "cementum of tooth" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002525 xref: FMA:55630 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/The_Periodontium.jpg xref: MA:0002541 xref: MESH:A.14.254.646.267 xref: ncithesaurus:Cementum xref: SCTID:362114003 xref: VSAO:0000062 xref: XAO:0004196 is_a: UBERON:0001973 ! substance of tooth is_a: UBERON:0010365 {source="VSAO"} ! odontoid tissue relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0008969 {source="PMID:19767574", source="Wikipedia"} ! dental follicle property_value: external_definition "Odontoid tissue that is deposited by cementoblasts onto dentine tissue and functions to attach teeth, odontodes and other odontogenic derivatives to bone tissue and the integument.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000062", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001754 name: dental pulp def: "the part in the center of a tooth made up of living soft tissue and cells called odontoblasts[WP]." [Wikipedia:Dental_pulp] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dental pulp cell" RELATED [BTO:0000339] synonym: "pulp of tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "tooth pulp" EXACT [ZFA:0005141] xref: BTO:0000339 xref: FMA:55631 xref: GAID:1270 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tooth_Section.svg/200px-Tooth_Section.svg.png xref: MA:0001599 xref: MESH:A.14.254.900.260 xref: ncithesaurus:Dental_Pulp xref: SCTID:362110007 xref: TAO:0005141 xref: VHOG:0001469 xref: ZFA:0005141 is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011825 {source="FMA"} ! loose connective tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001763 {source="ZFA"} ! odontogenic papilla relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth property_value: external_definition "Material in the center of the dentine of the mature tooth. In secondary teeth the pulp contains blood vessels and odontoblast.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005141", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The oral cavity of vertebrates is generally thought to arise as an ectodermal invagination. Consistent with this, oral teeth are proposed to arise exclusively from ectoderm, contributing to tooth enamel epithelium, and from neural crest derived mesenchyme, contributing to dentin and pulp (reference 1); Teeth and tooth-like structures, together named odontodes, are repeated organs thought to share a common evolutionary origin. These structures can be found in gnathostomes at different locations along the body: oral teeth in the jaws, teeth and denticles in the oral-pharyngeal cavity, and dermal denticles on elasmobranch skin (reference 2).[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001469", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nature07304 Soukup V, Epperlein HH, Horacek I, Cerny R, Dual epithelial origin of vertebrate oral teeth. Nature (2008), DOI:10.1186/1471-2148-11-307 The homology of odontodes in gnathostomes: insights from Dlx gene expression in the dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001755 name: distal part of styloid process of temporal bone def: "A segment in the hyoidean arch between the epihyal and tympanohyal[biology-online]. The interhyal is a small rod-like element that connects the ventral and dorsal parts of the hyoid arch. It articulates laterally with the posterior end of the epihyal and medially at the cartilaginous junction between the hyomandibula and the symplectic. It remains cartilaginous in adult zebrafish and other cypriniforms[ZFA]." [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Stylohyal] comment: TODO - check subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "distal part of styloid process" EXACT [FMA:56472] synonym: "stylohyal" BROAD [FMA:56472] xref: FMA:56472 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003960 ! styloid process of temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0001756 name: middle ear def: "The middle ear is the air-filled cavity within the skull of vertebrates that lies between the outer ear and the inner ear. It is linked to the pharynx (and therefore to outside air) via the Eustachian tube and in mammals contains the three ear ossicles, which transmit auditory vibrations from the outer ear (via the tympanum) to the inner ear (via the oval window)[GO]." [GO:0042474, Wikipedia:Middle_ear] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auris media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_ear] synonym: "auris media" RELATED [BTO:0002099] xref: AAO:0011065 xref: BTO:0002099 xref: EHDAA2:0001181 xref: EHDAA:5693 xref: EMAPA:17000 xref: EV:0100357 xref: FMA:56513 xref: GAID:165 xref: MA:0000253 xref: MAT:0000146 xref: MESH:A.09.246.397 xref: MIAA:0000146 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Ear xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1695 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvbw1j5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181185000 xref: VHOG:0000312 xref: XAO:0000191 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0001690 ! ear property_value: external_definition "The intermediate portion of the ear which consists of a small air-filled and membrane-lined chamber. It is lodged in the temporal bone and continues with the nasopharynx through the Eustachian tube. It is separated from the external ear by the tympanic membrane and from the inner ear by the fenestrae. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000312", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The tympanic cavity and auditory tube of an amniote develop from the first embryonic pharyngeal pouch, so they are homologous to the first gill pouch, or spiracle, of a fish. We are uncertain whether this homology strictly applies to the middle ear cavity and auditory tube of lissamphibians, which show certain peculiarities in their development.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000312", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.417", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001757 name: pinna def: "Visible part of the ear that resides outside of the head. The purpose of the pinna is to collect sound. It does so by acting as a funnel, amplifying the sound and directing it to the ear canal. While reflecting from the pinna, sound also goes through a filtering process which adds directional information to the sound (see sound localization, head-related transfer function, pinna notch). The filtering effect of the human pinna preferentially selects sounds in the frequency range of human speech. In various species, the pinna can also signal mood and radiate heat." [Wikipedia:Pinna_(anatomy)] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auricle" EXACT [] synonym: "auricle of ear" EXACT [] synonym: "auricle of external ear" EXACT [] synonym: "auricula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Auricula] synonym: "auricula (auris externa)" EXACT [] synonym: "pinna of ear" EXACT [] synonym: "pinnae" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: EHDAA2:0001467 xref: EMAPA:17589 xref: EV:0100355 xref: FMA:56580 xref: galen:Auricle xref: MA:0000259 xref: ncithesaurus:Auricle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvs_VC5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:421159007 xref: VHOG:0000460 is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear property_value: external_definition "The external expanded part of the ear characterized by a funnel-shaped structure through which the sound vibrations are received. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000460", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Mammals have a third type of tympanic ear. An external flap, the auricle or pinna, helps funnel sound waves down the external acoustic meatus to the tympanic membrane.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000460", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.420", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001758 name: periodontium def: "The tissues that invest or help to invest and support the teeth, including the periodontal ligament, gingivae, cementum, and alveolar and supporting bone[BTO]." [BTO:0001021, Wikipedia:Periodontium] comment: note FMA treats periodontium and periodontal ligament as the same synonym: "paradentium" RELATED [MESH:A.14.254.646] synonym: "periodontal ligament" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:56665] synonym: "periodontal membrane" RELATED [MA:0002467] synonym: "tooth supporting structure" RELATED [MESH:A.14.254.646] xref: BTO:0001021 xref: FMA:56665 xref: GAID:216 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/The_Periodontium.jpg xref: MESH:A.14.254.646 xref: ncithesaurus:Periodontium is_a: UBERON:0000479 {source="cjm"} ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0003672 {source="cjm"} ! dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0001759 name: vagus nerve def: "Cranial nerve that branches into the lateral (to body sense organs) and the intestino-accessorial (to the skin, muscles of shoulder, hyoid, larynx, gut, lungs, and heart)." [ISBN:0471209627, Wikipedia:Vagus_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CN-X" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial nerve X" RELATED [] synonym: "nervus vagus" RELATED [BTO:0003472] synonym: "nervus vagus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vagus_nerve] synonym: "nervus vagus [x]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5731, FMA:TA] synonym: "pneuomgastric nerve" RELATED [BTO:0003472] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "vagal nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "vagus" EXACT [] synonym: "Vagus nerve [X]" EXACT [] synonym: "vagus nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "vagus X nerve" EXACT [MA:0001106] xref: AAO:0010475 xref: BTO:0003472 xref: EFO:0002549 xref: FMA:5731 xref: GAID:721 xref: galen:VagusNerve xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gray791.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png xref: MA:0001106 xref: MESH:A.08.800.050.050.925 xref: ncithesaurus:Vagus_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_801 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rviHk2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362466001 xref: TAO:0000453 xref: VHOG:0000737 xref: XAO:0003097 xref: ZFA:0000453 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0005073 {source="GO"} ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {notes="sensory", source="Wikipedia"} ! neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005239 {notes="motor", source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system property_value: external_definition "Nerve consisting of branchiomotor and visceral efferent fibers which branch and innervate the smooth muscles and glands of the heart, lungs, esophagus, and stomach as well as some throat muscles. Sensory fibers supply mucosa of the mouth and pharynx.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010475", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...) (reference 1); Phylogenetically, the cranial nerves are thought to have evolved from dorsal and ventral nerves of a few anterior spinal nerves that became incorporated into the braincase. Dorsal and ventral nerves fuse in the trunk but not in the head, and they produce two series: dorsal cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, and X) and ventral cranial nerves (III, IV, VI, and XIII) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000737", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.625", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001760 name: frontal sinus def: "The frontal sinus occupies the dorsal part of the skull medial to the orbit. It overlaps cranial and nasal cavities and is often referred to as the conchofrontal sinus. ." [MURDOCH:753, Wikipedia:Frontal_sinus] comment: Taxon notes: A unique feature in the horse is that the frontal sinus communicates with the caudal maxillary sinus via the frontomaxillary opening[MURDOCh] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cavity of frontal bone" EXACT [FMA:57417] synonym: "sinus frontales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_sinus] xref: FMA:57417 xref: GAID:357 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Nnh_front.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Nnh_front.svg/200px-Nnh_front.svg.png xref: MA:0001793 xref: MESH:A.04.531.621.387 xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Sinus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvqMUR5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181205008 is_a: UBERON:0001825 {source="MA"} ! paranasal sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0001761 name: foramen caecum of thyroid subset: uberon_slim synonym: "foramen caecum" BROAD [MA:0000725] xref: EHDAA2:0000550 xref: EHDAA:2150 xref: EHDAA:2977 xref: EMAPA:17069 xref: EMAPA:18828 xref: MA:0000725 xref: VHOG:0000826 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland property_value: external_definition "A thickened and indented region in the midline in the floor of the rostral part of the pharyngeal region of the foregut, located between the second and third branchial arches that is the first indication of the thyroid primordium. [Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.132][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000826", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001762 name: nasal concha def: "In anatomy, a nasal concha (or turbinate) is a long, narrow and curled bone shelf (shaped like an elongated sea-shell) which protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose. Turbinate bone refers to any of the scrolled spongy bones of the nasal passages in vertebrates. In humans, the turbinates divide the nasal airway into three groove-like air passages –and are responsible for forcing inhaled air to flow in a steady, regular pattern around the largest possible surface of cilia and climate controlling tissue. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_concha] comment: Note that FMA considers nasal concha and nasal concha of ethmoid bone to be synonymous. We disambiguate these here // Turbinals are only ossified in birds and derived synapsids. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "concha" RELATED [EMAPA:25093] synonym: "conchae nasales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasal_concha] synonym: "nasal turbinate" EXACT [] synonym: "turbinal" EXACT [palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html] synonym: "turbinate" EXACT [] synonym: "turbinate bone" EXACT [EMAPA:25093] xref: EHDAA2:0004101 xref: EMAPA:25093 xref: GAID:224 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray153.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray153.png/200px-Gray153.png xref: MA:0000286 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.948 xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Turbinate xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv07bVJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361931007 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ disjoint_from: UBERON:0006203 ! conchal part of pinna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 {source="Kardong"} ! ethmoid region [Term] id: UBERON:0001763 name: odontogenic papilla def: "Tissue of the developing tooth. It is composed of pre-odontoblast and undiffentiated mesnchyme cells and connects to the basal lamina[ZFA]. The dental papilla is a condensation of ectomesenchymal cells called odontoblasts, seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. It lies below a cellular aggregation known as the enamel organ. The dental papilla appears after 8-10 weeks intra uteral life. The dental papilla gives rise to the dentin and pulp of a tooth. The enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental follicle together forms one unit, called the tooth germ. This is of importance because all the tissues of a tooth and its supporting structures form from these distinct cellular aggregations." [Wikipedia:Dental_papilla, ZFA:0005140] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dental papilla" RELATED [MA:0001598] synonym: "dentinal papilla" RELATED [BTO:0001839] synonym: "dermal papilla" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "odontogenic condensation" EXACT [VSAO:0000025] synonym: "papilla dentis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dental_papilla] synonym: "pharyngeal tooth mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0005140] synonym: "tooth mesenchyme" RELATED [ZFA:0005140] xref: BTO:0001839 xref: FMA:57662 xref: GAID:1277 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Gray1011.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Gray1011.png/200px-Gray1011.png xref: MA:0001598 xref: MESH:A.14.254.900.720.250 xref: TAO:0005140 xref: VHOG:0001465 xref: VSAO:0000025 xref: XAO:0004045 xref: ZFA:0005140 is_a: UBERON:0003856 ! odontogenic mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005856 {source="JB"} ! developing mesenchymal condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003856 {source="ZFA"} ! odontogenic mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 {source="BTO", notes="suspect"} ! tooth enamel organ relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001828 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! gingiva property_value: external_definition "Cell condensation that is a well-defined population of densely organized mesenchymal cells that aggregates adjacent to an epithelium.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000025", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: external_definition "Tissue of the developing tooth. It is composed of pre-odontoblast and undiffentiated mesnchyme cells and connects to the basal lamina.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005140", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Teeth and tooth-like structures, together named odontodes, are repeated organs thought to share a common evolutionary origin. These structures can be found in gnathostomes at different locations along the body: oral teeth in the jaws, teeth and denticles in the oral-pharyngeal cavity, and dermal denticles on elasmobranch skin.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001465", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1186/1471-2148-11-307 The homology of odontodes in gnathostomes: insights from Dlx gene expression in the dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001764 name: maxillary sinus def: "One of the paired paranasal sinuses, located in the body of the maxilla, communicating with the middle meatus of the nasal cavity." [MESH:A.04.531.621.578, Wikipedia:Maxillary_sinus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "antrum of Highmore" EXACT [] synonym: "highmore antrum" RELATED [MESH:A.04.531.621.578] synonym: "maxillary antrum" RELATED [MESH:A.04.531.621.578] synonym: "sinus maxilliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_sinus] xref: FMA:57715 xref: GAID:358 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray1199.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gray1199.png/200px-Gray1199.png xref: MA:0001794 xref: MESH:A.04.531.621.578 xref: ncithesaurus:Maxillary_Sinus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvp2ZWJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181204007 is_a: UBERON:0001825 ! paranasal sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0001765 name: mammary duct def: "Epithelial tube that transports milk[GO]." [GO:0060603, Wikipedia:Lactiferous_duct] comment: This structure regresses in most males subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus lactiferi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lactiferous_duct] synonym: "ductus lactiferi" RELATED [BTO:0002845] synonym: "galactophorous tubule" RELATED [BTO:0002845] synonym: "lactiferous duct" EXACT [FMA:58006] synonym: "lactiferous gland duct" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous tubule" RELATED [BTO:0002845] synonym: "mammary gland duct" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002845 xref: FMA:58006 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Illu_breast_anatomy.jpg xref: MA:0000791 xref: ncithesaurus:Lactiferous_Duct xref: SCTID:361719004 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0003244 ! epithelium of mammary gland is_a: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001913 ! milk relationship: channels_into UBERON:0002030 ! nipple relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001766 name: anterior chamber of eyeball def: "the fluid-filled space inside the eye between the iris and the cornea's innermost surface, the endothelium.[1] Aqueous humor is the fluid that fills the anterior chamber. Hyphema and glaucoma are two main pathologies in this area. In hyphema, blood fills the anterior chamber. In glaucoma, blockage of the canal of Schlemm prevents the normal outflow of aqueous humor, resulting in accumulation of fluid, increased intraocular pressure, and eventually blindness." [Wikipedia:Anterior_chamber_of_eyeball] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "anterior chamber" EXACT [HP:0000593, MP:0010709] synonym: "anterior chamber of eye" EXACT [] synonym: "camera anterior" EXACT [] synonym: "camera anterior bulbi oculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_chamber_of_eyeball] synonym: "eye anterior chamber" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002084 xref: EHDAA2:0000129 xref: EHDAA:9033 xref: EMAPA:18231 xref: FMA:58078 xref: GAID:889 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000262 xref: MESH:A.09.371.060.067 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Chamber_of_the_Eye xref: SCTID:181160009 xref: VHOG:0001431 is_a: UBERON:0006311 ! chamber of eyeball relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball property_value: external_definition "The part of the eyeball between the cornea and the iris, filled with aqueous humor. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001431", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/anterior+chamber"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001767 name: posterior chamber of eyeball def: "a narrow chink behind the peripheral part of the iris of the lens, and in front of the suspensory ligament of the lens and the ciliary processes the Posterior Chamber consists of small space directly posterior of the Iris but anterior to the lens." [Wikipedia:Posterior_chamber_of_eyeball] comment: The posterior chamber should not be confused with vitreous chamber. synonym: "c. posterior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_chamber_of_eyeball] synonym: "camera posterior" EXACT [] synonym: "eye posterior chamber" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior chamber of eye" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002086 xref: FMA:58080 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray883.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray883.png/200px-Gray883.png xref: MA:0002460 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Chamber_of_the_Eye xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvnYe8pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362504004 is_a: UBERON:0006311 ! chamber of eyeball relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0001768 name: uvea def: "pigmented middle of the three concentric layers that make up an eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body and choroid[WP,edited]." [Wikipedia:Uvea] comment: TODO - check child terms, isa vs partof subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars iridica retinae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Uvea] synonym: "tunica vasculatis oculi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Uvea] synonym: "tunica vasculosa bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uvea] synonym: "tunica vasculosa of eyeball" EXACT [FMA:58103] synonym: "uvea" EXACT [FMA:58103] synonym: "uveal tract" EXACT [FMA:58103] synonym: "vascular layer of eyeball" RELATED [FMA:58103] xref: FMA:58103 xref: GAID:912 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Gray869.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Gray869.png/200px-Gray869.png xref: MA:0002480 xref: MESH:A.09.371.894 xref: ncithesaurus:Uvea xref: SCTID:280648000 is_a: UBERON:0002203 ! vasculature of eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0001769 name: iris def: "a membrane in the eye, responsible for controlling the amount of light reaching the retina. The iris consists of pigmented fibrovascular tissue known as a stroma. It is the most forward portion of the eye and the only one seen on superficial inspection. The stroma connects a sphincter muscle (sphincter pupillae), which contracts the pupil, and a set of dilator muscles (dilator pupillae) which open it. The back surface is covered by a heavily pigmented epithelial layer two cells thick (the iris pigment epithelium), but the front surface has no epithelium. The high pigment content blocks light from passing through the iris and restricts it to the pupil. The outer edge of the iris, known as the root, is attached to the sclera and the anterior ciliary body. The iris and ciliary body together are known as the anterior uvea. Just in front of the root of the iris is the region through which the aqueous humour constantly drains out of the eye, with the result that diseases of the iris often have important effects on intraocular pressure, and indirectly on vision. Depending on the amount of light, the iris makes the pupil larger or smaller." [Wikipedia:Iris_(anatomy)] comment: Taxon notes: The avian iris and ciliary body undergoes a transition from smooth-to-striated muscle during embryonic development - dx.doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1998.9019 subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior uvea" RELATED [] synonym: "irises" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000101] xref: AAO:0010347 xref: BTO:0000653 xref: EMAPA:19154 xref: EV:0100345 xref: FMA:58235 xref: GAID:917 xref: MA:0000273 xref: MESH:A.09.371.894.513 xref: ncithesaurus:Iris xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjbppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181164000 xref: TAO:0001238 xref: VHOG:0000101 xref: XAO:0000185 xref: ZFA:0001238 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004128 {source="XAO"} ! optic vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0011892 ! anterior uvea property_value: external_definition "The opaque muscular contractile diaphragm suspended in the aqueous humour in front of the lens of the eye. The organ is perforated by the pupil and continues peripherally with the ciliary body. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000101", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000101", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nrn2283 Lamb TD, Collin SP and Pugh EN Jr, Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001770 name: lacrimal canaliculus def: "The lacrimal canaliculi, also known as the lacrimal canals or lacrimal ducts, are the small channels in each eyelid that commence at minute orifices, termed puncta lacrimalia, on the summits of the papillae lacrimales, seen on the margins of the lids at the lateral extremity of the lacus lacrimalis. The superior duct, the smaller and shorter of the two, at first ascends, and then bends at an acute angle, and passes medialward and downward to the lacrimal sac. The inferior duct at first descends, and then runs almost horizontally to the lacrimal sac. At the angles they are dilated into ampullæ. Microscopically, they are lined by nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium surrounded by fibrous tissue. Outside the latter is a layer of striped muscle, continuous with the lacrimal part of the Orbicularis oculi; at the base of each lacrimal papilla the muscular fibers are circularly arranged and form a kind of sphincter. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_canaliculi] comment: todo - resolve canaliculus vs tear duct vs lacrimal vs nasolacrimal subset: uberon_slim synonym: "canaliculus lacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_canaliculi] xref: FMA:58245 xref: MA:0001294 xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Canaliculus xref: SCTID:263348000 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001850 ! lacrimal duct [Term] id: UBERON:0001771 name: pupil def: "sphere that is located in the center of the iris of the eye and that controls the amount of light that enters the eye." [Wikipedia:Pupil] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: AAO:0010351 xref: FMA:58252 xref: GAID:918 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Eye_iris.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Eye_iris.jpg/200px-Eye_iris.jpg xref: MA:0001292 xref: MESH:A.09.371.894.513.780 xref: ncithesaurus:Pupil xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViBr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:35146001 xref: TAO:0001283 xref: VHOG:0000116 xref: XAO:0000283 xref: ZFA:0001283 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris property_value: external_definition "The circular orifice in the centre of the iris, through which light enters into the eye. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000116", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000116", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nrn2283 Lamb TD, Collin SP and Pugh EN Jr, Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001772 name: corneal epithelium def: "The corneal epithelium (epithelium corneæ anterior layer) is made up of epithelial tissue and covers the front of the cornea. It consists of several layers of cells. The cells of the deepest layer are columnar; then follow two or three layers of polyhedral cells, the majority of which are prickle cells similar to those found in the stratum mucosum of the cuticle. Lastly, there are three or four layers of squamous cells, with flattened nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Corneal_epithelium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior corneal epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior endothelium of cornea" RELATED [BTO:0000287] synonym: "cornea epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cornea epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "e. anterius corneae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corneal_epithelium] synonym: "endothelium anterius corneae" RELATED [BTO:0000287] synonym: "endothelium camerae anterioris bulbi" RELATED [BTO:0000287] synonym: "endothelium corneale" RELATED [BTO:0000287] synonym: "epithelial tissue of cornea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium anterius (cornea)" EXACT [] synonym: "epithelium anterius corneae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58263, FMA:TA] synonym: "epithelium of cornea" EXACT [] synonym: "epithelium posterius corneae" RELATED [BTO:0000287] synonym: "external epithelium of cornea" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000287 xref: EFO:0001917 xref: EHDAA2:0000319 xref: EMAPA:17162 xref: FMA:58263 xref: GAID:895 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray871.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray871.png/200px-Gray871.png xref: MA:0001243 xref: MESH:A.09.371.060.217.325 xref: ncithesaurus:Corneal_Epithelium xref: SCTID:15775008 xref: TAO:0002187 xref: ZFA:0001683 is_a: UBERON:0000488 ! atypical epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue comprised of four to six layers of nonkeratinized, stratified squamous cells and represents approximately 60% of the thickness of the cornea.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002187", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061010-3"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001773 name: sclera def: "The sclera, also known as the white part of the eye, is the opaque (usually white, though certain animals, such as horses and lizards, can have black sclera), fibrous, protective, outer layer of the eye containing collagen and elastic fiber. It is derived from the neural crest. In children, it is thinner and shows some of the underlying pigment, appearing slightly blue. In the elderly, however, fatty deposits on the sclera can make it appear slightly yellow. The sclera forms the posterior five sixths of the connective tissue coat of the globe. It is continuous with the dura mater and the cornea, and maintains the shape of the globe, offering resistance to internal and external forces, and provides an attachment for the extraocular muscle insertions. The sclera is perforated by plenty of nerves and vessels passing through the posterior scleral foramen, the hole that is formed by the optic nerve. At the optic disk the outer two-thirds of the sclera continues with the dura mater (outer coat of the brain) via the dural sheath of the optic nerve. The inner third joins with some choroidal tissue to form a plate (lamina cribrosa) across the optic nerve with perforations through which the optic fibers (fasciculi). The thickness of the sclera varies from 1mm at the posterior pole to 0.3 mm just behind the rectus muscle insertions. The sclera's blood vessels are mainly on the surface, and together with the conjunctiva (which lies on top) This is a thin layer covering the sclera. Along with the vessels of the conjunctiva, those of the sclera renders the inflamed eye bright red. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sclera] comment: Development notes: Majority derives from NC that surrounds optic cup of neurectoderm; a small temporal portion develops from the mesoderm that contributes to striated extra-ocular muscles and vascular endothelia[Rada&Johnson]. Taxon notes: Multi-tissue structure that composes the opaque fibrous outer layer of the eye[ZFA] Seko et al demonstrate chondrogenic potential doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003709 and identify this as connective tissue. Disease notes: implicated in rheumatoid arthritis. Structure notes: continuous with the dura mater and the cornea; The sclera forms the posterior five-sixths of the connective tissue coat of the globe. Taxon notes: in fish, reptiles and monotremes the connective tissue of the sclera is skeletal subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "scleral capsule" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010354 xref: BTO:0001606 xref: EMAPA:19027 xref: EV:0100342 xref: FMA:58269 xref: GAID:911 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000280 xref: MESH:A.09.371.784 xref: ncithesaurus:Sclera xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7yR55wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: sclera xref: SCTID:181163006 xref: VHOG:0001274 xref: XAO:0000183 xref: ZFA:0005563 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 {source="cjm"} ! mesoderm relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="Wikipedia"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0010230 ! eyeball of camera-type eye property_value: external_definition "The tough, usually white, outer coat of the eyeball, covering all the posterior surface and continuous anteriorly with the cornea. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001274", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sclera"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001774 name: muscle of trunk def: "Muscle organ which is a part of the trunk. Examples: external intercostal muscle, external oblique, levator ani." [] comment: TODO - check muscle organ vs musculature subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "body musculature" EXACT [ZFA:0000473] synonym: "muscle organ of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk musculature" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000611 xref: EFO:0003531 xref: FMA:58274 xref: MA:0000514 xref: TAO:0000473 xref: XAO:0003230 xref: ZFA:0000473 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ is_a: UBERON:0005177 ! trunk organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0001775 name: ciliary body def: "circumferential tissue inside the eye composed of the ciliary muscle and ciliary processes." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_body] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior uvea" RELATED [] synonym: "ciliary bodies" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000102] synonym: "corpus ciliare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ciliary_body] synonym: "corpus ciliare" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ciliary_body] xref: AAO:0010341 xref: BTO:0000260 xref: EMAPA:19065 xref: EV:0100346 xref: FMA:58295 xref: GAID:916 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000264 xref: MESH:A.09.371.894.280 xref: ncithesaurus:Ciliary_Body xref: SCTID:263340007 xref: VHOG:0000102 xref: XAO:0000186 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0011892 ! anterior uvea property_value: homology_notes "The eye of the adult lamprey is remarkably similar to our own, and it possesses numerous features (including the expression of opsin genes) that are very similar to those of the eyes of jawed vertebrates. The lamprey's camera-like eye has a lens, an iris and extra-ocular muscles (five of them, unlike the eyes of jawed vertebrates, which have six), although it lacks intra-ocular muscles. Its retina also has a structure very similar to that of the retinas of other vertebrates, with three nuclear layers comprised of the cell bodies of photoreceptors and bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. The southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria australis, possesses five morphological classes of retinal photoreceptor and five classes of opsin, each of which is closely related to the opsins of jawed vertebrates. Given these similarities, we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000102", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nrn2283 Lamb TD, Collin SP and Pugh EN Jr, Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001776 name: choroid def: "vascular layer containing connective tissue, of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera. In humans its thickness is about 0.5 mm. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina [1]. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract[WP]." [Wikipedia:Choroid] comment: check choroid vs choroid layer; check ZFA/TAO placement - no homology assertion in VHOG. Note this is entirely in the posterior region of eyeball in ZFA subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chorioid" RELATED [BTO:0001829] synonym: "choroid coat" EXACT [Wikipedia:Choroid] synonym: "choroidea" EXACT [Wikipedia:Choroid] synonym: "choroidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Choroid] synonym: "eye choroid" EXACT [VHOG:0001568] synonym: "optic choroid" RELATED [ZFA:0005229] synonym: "posterior uvea" EXACT [Wikipedia:Uvea#Regions] xref: BTO:0001829 xref: EMAPA:19077 xref: EMAPA:25087 xref: EV:0100347 xref: FMA:58298 xref: GAID:913 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000263 xref: MESH:A.09.371.894.223 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid xref: SCTID:181172003 xref: TAO:0005229 xref: VHOG:0001568 xref: ZFA:0005229 is_a: UBERON:0002203 ! vasculature of eye relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000966 ! retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001773 ! sclera relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0011892 ! anterior uvea relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001802 {source="Wikipedia"} ! posterior segment of eyeball relationship: part_of UBERON:0001768 {source="MA"} ! uvea [Term] id: UBERON:0001777 name: substantia propria of cornea def: "The substantia propria (or stroma of cornea) is fibrous, tough, unyielding, and perfectly transparent. It is composed of about 200 flattened lamellæ (plates of collagen fibrils), superimposed one on another. They are each about 1.5-2.5 micrometres in thickness. These fibrils run at different angles between the limbi. Fibres of the layers frequently interweave, the anterior lamellæ interweaving more than posterior lamellæ. The fibres of each lamella are parallel with one another, but at right angles to those of adjacent lamellæ. The lamellæ are produced by keratocytes (corneal corpuscles), which occupy about 10% of the substantia propria. These lamellæ are made up of bundles of modified connective tissue, the fibres of which are directly continuous with those of the sclera. More collagen fibres run in a temporal-nasal direction than run in the superior-inferior direction. This is often ignored by corneal transplant surgeons, leading to poor corneal mechanical strength in corneal transplant patients. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Corneal_stroma] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cornea stroma" EXACT [] synonym: "corneal stroma" EXACT [] synonym: "stroma of cornea" EXACT [] synonym: "substantia propria" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0002514 xref: EMAPA:17602 xref: FMA:58306 xref: GAID:893 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray871.png/200px-Gray871.png xref: MA:0001245 xref: MESH:A.09.371.060.217.228 xref: ncithesaurus:Corneal_Stroma xref: SCTID:362511000 xref: TAO:0002189 xref: ZFA:0001685 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 intersection_of: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass tissue (CARO:0000043) CHANGED TO: develops_from tissue (UBERON:0000479)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002189", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass tissue (CARO:0000043) CHANGED TO: has_developmental_contribution_from tissue (UBERON:0000479)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002189", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is located basal to Bowman's layer and distal to Descemet's membrane and is comprised largely of connective tissue.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002189", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061010-3"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001778 name: ciliary epithelium def: "A double layer covering the ciliary body that produces aqueous humor." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_body#Ciliary_epithelium] synonym: "ciliary body epithelium" EXACT [FMA:58464] synonym: "epithelium of ciliary body" EXACT [FMA:58464] xref: BTO:0001770 xref: FMA:58464 xref: MA:0001238 xref: ncithesaurus:Ciliary_Epithelium xref: SCTID:280870004 is_a: UBERON:0000488 {source="FMA"} ! atypical epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 {source="MA"} ! ciliary body relationship: secretes UBERON:0001796 {source="Wikipedia"} ! aqueous humor of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0001779 name: iris stroma def: "the delicate vascular connective tissue that lies between the anterior surface of the iris and the pars iridica retinae." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/stroma-of-iris.html, Wikipedia:Iris_stroma] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "iridial stroma" EXACT [] synonym: "stroma of iris" EXACT [] xref: FMA:58526 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray883.png/200px-Gray883.png xref: MA:0002777 xref: SCTID:280882008 xref: ZFA:0005569 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris [Term] id: UBERON:0001780 name: spinal nerve def: "Neural tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the spinal cord. Examples: Fifth cervical spinal nerve, third lumbar spinal nerve." [Wikipedia:Spinal_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "backbone nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of backbone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of spinal column" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of spine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of vertebral column" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nervi spinales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinal_nerve] synonym: "spinal column nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "spine nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebral column nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0011101 xref: BTO:0000870 xref: EHDAA2:0001898 xref: EMAPA:16989 xref: FMA:5858 xref: GAID:841 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg xref: MA:0000233 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwK_iFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361099009 xref: VHOG:0000824 xref: XAO:0003101 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system property_value: external_definition "Any of the paired nerves emerging from the spinal cord, each attached to the cord by two roots: ventral and dorsal, and passing out between the vertebrae. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000824", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/spinal+nerve"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001781 name: layer of retina def: "any of the layers that make up the retina[MP]." [MP:0003727] comment: Note that MA does not treat internal/external limiting memranes as layers - these are classified as laminae. Here we follow other ontologies in grouping with other layers. MA also treats retinal pigment epithelium and neural retina epithelium as distinct from the layers. We follow ontologies such as FMA and ZFA in first dividing into pigmented and neural layers - these are also classified as layers, giving us over the usual 10 layers subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "retina layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retina neuronal layer" EXACT [MP:0006069] synonym: "retinal layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retinal neuronal layer" EXACT [MP:0006069] xref: AAO:0010353 xref: FMA:58617 xref: MA:0001319 xref: ncithesaurus:Retina_Layer xref: SCTID:280657006 xref: XAO:0000266 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina [Term] id: UBERON:0001782 name: pigmented layer of retina def: "A monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina; develops from the outer of the two layers of the optic cup[ZFA]. the pigmented cell layer just outside the neurosensory retina that nourishes retinal visual cells, and is firmly attached to the underlying choroid and overlying retinal visual cells[WP]." [Wikipedia:Retinal_pigment_epithelium, ZFIN:curator] comment: editor note - we follow ontologies such as FMA and ZFA in first dividing into pigmented and neural layers subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelium, retinal pigment" RELATED [BTO:0001177] synonym: "outer pigmented layer of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "pigment epithelium of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "pigmented epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "pigmented retina" RELATED [] synonym: "pigmented retinal epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "PRE" RELATED [] synonym: "retinal pigment epithelium" EXACT [MP:0005201, Wikipedia:Retinal_pigment_epithelium] synonym: "retinal pigment layer" RELATED [VHOG:0000536] synonym: "retinal pigmented epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "retinal pigmented epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0000144] synonym: "RPE" RELATED [] synonym: "stratum pigmentosa retinae, p. pigmentosa retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Retinal_pigment_epithelium] synonym: "stratum pigmentosum (retina)" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011096 xref: BTO:0001177 xref: EHDAA2:0001465 xref: EHDAA:4765 xref: EMAPA:17172 xref: FMA:58627 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray881.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray881.png/200px-Gray881.png xref: MA:0000279 xref: ncithesaurus:Retinal_Pigment_Epithelium xref: SCTID:280662007 xref: TAO:0000144 xref: VHOG:0000536 xref: XAO:0003217 xref: ZFA:0000144 is_a: UBERON:0001781 ! layer of retina is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005424 intersection_of: UBERON:0001781 ! layer of retina intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0005424 ! presumptive retinal pigmented epithelium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001787 {source="Wikipedia"} ! photoreceptor layer of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005424 ! presumptive retinal pigmented epithelium property_value: external_definition "A monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina; develops from the outer of the two layers of the optic cup. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000144", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011096", ontology="AAO", source="ZFA:0000144"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000536", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001783 name: optic disc def: "The optic disc or optic nerve head is the location where ganglion cell axons exit the eye to form the optic nerve. There are no light sensitive rods or cones to respond to a light stimulus at this point. This causes a break in the visual field called 'the blind spot' or the 'physiological blind spot'. The optic nerve head in a normal human eye carries from 1 to 1.2 million neurons from the eye towards the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Optic_disc] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "optic disk" EXACT [MESH:A.08.800.800.120.680.660] synonym: "optic disk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc] synonym: "optic nerve disc" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc] synonym: "optic nerve head" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc] synonym: "optic papilla" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc] synonym: "physiologic blind spot" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc] synonym: "physiologic blind spot of mariotte" RELATED [Wikipedia:Optic_disc] xref: EFO:0001974 xref: EHDAA2:0001307 xref: EHDAA:9077 xref: EMAPA:18238 xref: EMAPA:25088 xref: FMA:58634 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Gray879.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gray879.png/200px-Gray879.png xref: MA:0000278 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.680.660 xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Disc xref: SCTID:362518006 xref: VHOG:0000551 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000941 ! cranial nerve II relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina property_value: external_definition "The small blind spot on the surface of the retina. It is the point where the fibers of the retina leave the eye and become part of the optic nerve. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000551", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/optic+disc"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya (reference 1); Although the eye varies greatly in adaptative details among vertebrates, its basic structure is the same in all. The human eye is representative of the design typical for a tetrapod (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000551", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nrn2283 Lamb TD, Collin SP and Pugh EN Jr, Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2007), ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.424 and p.426 and p.429 and Figure 12-24", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001784 name: obsolete macula lutea comment: Obsoleted as it accidentally grouped macula and macula lutea is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0000053 consider: UBERON:0000054 [Term] id: UBERON:0001785 name: cranial nerve def: "Cranial nerves are nerves that emerge directly from the brain, in contrast to spinal nerves, which emerge from segments of the spinal cord. In humans, there are traditionally twelve pairs of cranial nerves. Only the first and the second pair emerge from the cerebrum; the remaining ten pairs emerge from the brainstem[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve] comment: Editors note: classified as neural tree organ, not nerve in FMA. CN II poses a challenge here as it is not strictly a nerve, yet is expected to be classified under CN. Note EMAPA subdivides nerve into CNS nerve and PNS nerve, with *all* cranial nerves classified as CNS nerves. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cranial nerves" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial neural tree organ" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus cranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cranial_nerve] xref: AAO:0000108 xref: BTO:0001104 xref: EHDAA2:0000323 xref: EMAPA:17263 xref: EMAPA:17264 xref: FMA:5865 xref: GAID:802 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Brain_human_normal_inferior_view_with_labels_en-2.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Brain_human_normal_inferior_view_with_labels_en.svg/200px-Brain_human_normal_inferior_view_with_labels_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000215 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120 xref: ncithesaurus:Cranial_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1623 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWvJVpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244447006 xref: TAO:0000641 xref: VHOG:0000279 xref: XAO:0000429 xref: XAO:0003089 xref: ZFA:0000641 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest property_value: external_definition "Twelve pairs of cranial nerves exit/enter the cranium through openings in the skull. The nerves contain efferent axons with motor and glandular functions, as well as afferent axons from cranial ganglia with sensory functions. The nerves are numbered in a rostral to caudal sequence, with the exception of the lateral line nerves.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000641", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (5) cranial nerves (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000279", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001786 name: fovea centralis def: "a part of the eye, located in the center of the macula region of the retina. [1] [2] The fovea is responsible for sharp central vision (also called foveal vision). The fovea is surrounded by the parafovea belt, and the perifovea outer region:[2] the parafovea is the intermediate belt where the ganglion cell layer is composed of more than five rows of cells; as well as the highest density of cones; the perifovea is the outermost region where the ganglion cell layer contains two to four rows of cells, and is where visual acuity is below the optimum. The perifovea contains an even more diminished density of cones, having 12 per 100 micrometres versus 50 per 100 micrometres in the most central fovea. This, in turn, is surrounded by a larger peripheral area that delivers highly compressed information of low resolution. Approximately 50% of the nerve fibers in the optic nerve carry information from the fovea, while the other 50% carry information from the rest of the retina. The parafovea extends to a distance of 1¼ mm from the central fovea, and the perifovea is found 2¾ mm away from the fovea centralis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fovea_centralis_in_macula] comment: As an anatomical term, there are several foveae around the body, including in the head of the femur.(WP) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "centre of macula" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2543] synonym: "fovea" EXACT [] synonym: "fovea centralis in macula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Fovea_centralis_in_macula] xref: EV:0100350 xref: FMA:58658 xref: GAID:910 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: MA:0001307 xref: MESH:A.09.371.729.522.436 xref: ncithesaurus:Fovea_Centralis xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2543 xref: SCTID:264479005 xref: VHOG:0001572 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000053 ! macula lutea property_value: external_definition "A small pit in the center of the macula lutea, the area of clearest vision, where the retinal layers are spread aside, and light falls directly on the cones. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001572", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/fovea"} property_value: homology_notes "Definition of fovea centralis should be considered here as 'an area centralis at the visual axis' (reference 1). There is an uncertaincy of the relation, because: 1.-The fovea first appeared in evolution in the temporal retina of fishes. Then, in birds, the nasal fovea and bifoveal system with nasal and temporal foveas developed. The fovea disappeared in primitive mammals, and reappeared in primates. A residue of the fovea is conserved in the visual streak, and the disappearance and reappearance of the fovea, in primitive mammals and primates respectively, correlates with degeneration and restoration of cone pigment genes in photoreceptors (reference 2). 2.-Many retinal features (foveas, trichromacy, midget pathways and associated cell types) appear specific to primates. This has led to investigations in parallel with other mammalian models such as cat or rabbit. Correlation of the results often proves to be difficult, since an evolutionary scenario with transitions between the mammalian models is largely lacking (reference 3).[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001572", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S095252380623342X Ahnelt PK, Schubert C, Kübber-Heiss A, Schiviz A, Anger E, Independent variation of retinal S and M cone photoreceptor topographies: A survey of four families of mammals. Visual neuroscience (2006), PMID:11193946 Azuma N, Molecular cell biology on morphogenesis of the fovea and evolution of the central vision. Nihon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi (2000), DOI:10.1016/S1350-9462(00)00012-4 Ahnelt PK, Kolb H, The mammalian photoreceptor mosaic-adaptive design. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001787 name: photoreceptor layer of retina def: "The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell receptor segments reside." [Wikipedia:Layer_of_rods_and_cones, ZFA:0000143] comment: we follow MA and ZFA in subdividing this into inner and outer segments subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "layer of rods and cones" RELATED [] synonym: "retina photoreceptor layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retinal photoreceptor layer" EXACT [ZFA:0000143] synonym: "stratum segmentorum externorum et internorum (retina)" EXACT [] xref: FMA:58680 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray881.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray881.png/200px-Gray881.png xref: MA:0001308 xref: ncithesaurus:Layer_of_the_Rods_and_Cones xref: TAO:0000143 xref: VHOG:0001165 xref: XAO:0003215 xref: ZFA:0000143 is_a: UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001788 ! outer limiting layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001165", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001788 name: outer limiting layer of retina def: "the row of jucntional complexes between the plasma membranes of rod segments and the Muller glia cells; this barrier separates the layer of inner and outer segments of the rods and cones from the outer nuclear layer and forms a blood-retina barrier[MP]." [MP:0010236] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "external limiting lamina of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "external limiting membrane" EXACT [ZFA:0001331] synonym: "external limiting membrane of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "outer limiting membrane" EXACT [XAO:0003224] synonym: "outer limiting membrane of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "retina external limiting lamina" EXACT [] synonym: "retina outer limiting membrane" EXACT [MP:0010236] synonym: "stratum limitans externum (retina)" EXACT [] xref: FMA:58683 xref: MA:0001309 xref: ncithesaurus:Outer_Limiting_Membrane xref: SCTID:280676008 xref: TAO:0001331 xref: XAO:0003224 xref: ZFA:0001331 is_a: UBERON:0007619 {source="MA"} ! limiting membrane of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001789 ! outer nuclear layer of retina [Term] id: UBERON:0001789 name: outer nuclear layer of retina def: "The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell bodies reside." [ZFA:0001464] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ONL" NARROW [] synonym: "outer nuclear layer" BROAD [] synonym: "retina outer nuclear layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retinal outer nuclear layer" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum nucleare externum (retina)" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:19157 xref: FMA:58684 xref: MA:0001315 xref: ncithesaurus:Outer_Nuclear_Layer_of_Retina xref: SCTID:280678009 xref: TAO:0001464 xref: VHOG:0001170 xref: XAO:0003219 xref: ZFA:0001464 is_a: UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001790 ! outer plexiform layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001170", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001790 name: outer plexiform layer of retina def: "The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the photoreceptor cells[ZFA]. Between the inner and outer nuclear layers, the outer plexiform layer (OPL) contains connections between the photoreceptors and bipolar and horizontal cells[GO]." [ZFA:0001330] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "external plexiform layer" EXACT [BTO:0003174] synonym: "OPL" NARROW [] synonym: "outer plexiform layer" EXACT [BTO:0003174] synonym: "retina outer plexiform layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retinal outer plexiform layer" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum plexiforme externum" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003174 xref: FMA:58685 xref: MA:0001316 xref: ncithesaurus:Outer_Plexiform_Layer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090403 xref: SCTID:280684007 xref: TAO:0001330 xref: VHOG:0001171 xref: XAO:0003218 xref: ZFA:0001330 is_a: UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 ! inner nuclear layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer property_value: external_definition "The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the photoreceptor cells.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001330", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001171", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001791 name: inner nuclear layer of retina def: "The layer of the retina composed of the cell bodies of bipolar cells, horizontal cells, and some of the cell bodies of amacrine cells." [BTO:0003176] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "INL" NARROW [] synonym: "inner nuclear layer" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate cell layer" EXACT [ZFA:0000119] synonym: "retina inner nuclear layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retinal inner nuclear layer" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum nucleare internum" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003176 xref: EMAPA:19155 xref: FMA:58686 xref: MA:0001311 xref: ncithesaurus:Inner_Nuclear_Layer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005031 xref: SCTID:362520009 xref: TAO:0000119 xref: VHOG:0001167 xref: XAO:0003221 xref: ZFA:0000119 is_a: UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001167", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001792 name: ganglionic layer of retina def: "a layer of the retina that consists of retinal ganglion cells[WP]. innermost nuclear layer of the retina, which contains neurons that project axons through the optic nerve to the brain." [Wikipedia:Ganglion_cell_layer] comment: Check exact synonyms in ZFA / XAO subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ganglion cell layer" EXACT [FMA:58687, ZFA:0000024] synonym: "ganglionic cell layer of retina" EXACT [FMA:58687] synonym: "GCL layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retina ganglion cell layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retina ganglion layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retinal ganglion cell layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retinal ganglion layer" EXACT [MP:0008510] synonym: "RGC layer" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum ganglionicum (retina)" EXACT [FMA:58687] synonym: "stratum ganglionicum retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ganglion_cell_layer] xref: BTO:0003398 xref: FMA:58687 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray881.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray881.png/200px-Gray881.png xref: MA:0001310 xref: ncithesaurus:Ganglion_Cell_Layer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005030 xref: SCTID:280670002 xref: TAO:0000024 xref: VHOG:0001166 xref: XAO:0003223 xref: ZFA:0000024 is_a: UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001793 ! nerve fiber layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 {source="FMA"} ! retinal neural layer property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001166", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001793 name: nerve fiber layer of retina alt_id: UBERON:0005888 def: "Fiber layer adjacent the retinal ganglion cell layer which is comprised of their axons as they traverse to the optic nerve[ZFA]. The retinal nerve fiber layer (nerve fiber layer, stratum opticum, RNFL) is formed by the expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve; it is thickest near the porus opticus, gradually diminishing toward the ora serrata. As the nerve fibers pass through the lamina cribrosa sclerae they lose their medullary sheaths and are continued onward through the choroid and retina as simple axis-cylinders. When they reach the internal surface of the retina they radiate from their point of entrance over this surface grouped in bundles, and in many places arranged in plexuses. Most of the fibers are centripetal, and are the direct continuations of the axis-cylinder processes of the cells of the ganglionic layer, but a few of them are centrifugal and ramify in the inner plexiform and inner nuclear layers, where they end in enlarged extremities." [Wikipedia:Nervous_system_fiber_layer, ZFA:0001619] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "layer of nerve fibers of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "layer of nerve fibres of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "optic fiber layer" RELATED [VHOG:0001169] synonym: "optic fiber layers" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0002212] synonym: "retina nerve fiber layer" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum neurofibrarum (retina)" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum neurofibrarum retinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58688, FMA:TA] synonym: "stratum neurofibrum retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nerve_fiber_layer] synonym: "stratum opticum of retina" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18591 xref: FMA:58688 xref: MA:0001314 xref: SCTID:280671003 xref: TAO:0002212 xref: VHOG:0001169 xref: XAO:0003220 xref: ZFA:0001619 is_a: UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001794 ! inner limiting layer of retina relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000941 ! cranial nerve II relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001169", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001794 name: inner limiting layer of retina def: "the row of fused Muller cell processes and astrocytes that separates the retinal nerve fiber layer from the vitreous[MP]." [MP:0010235] comment: TODO - check frog/fish subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "inner limiting membrane" EXACT [XAO:0003222] synonym: "inner limiting membrane of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "internal limiting lamina of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "internal limiting membrane of retina" EXACT [] synonym: "retina inner limiting membrane" EXACT [MP:0010235] synonym: "retina internal limiting lamina" EXACT [] xref: FMA:58689 xref: MA:0001313 xref: ncithesaurus:Inner_Limiting_Membrane xref: SCTID:280677004 xref: TAO:0001029 xref: XAO:0003222 xref: ZFA:0001029 is_a: UBERON:0007619 {source="MA"} ! limiting membrane of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001797 ! vitreous humor [Term] id: UBERON:0001795 name: inner plexiform layer of retina def: "The inner plexiform layer (IPL) is positioned between the INL and the ganglion cell layer and contains the dendrites of RGCs and processes of bipolar and amacrine cells[GO]." [Wikipedia:Inner_plexiform_layer] comment: BTO misspelling? subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "inner plexiform layer" RELATED [BTO:0003175] synonym: "IPL" NARROW [] synonym: "retina inner plexiform layer" EXACT [] synonym: "retinal inner plexiform layer" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum plexifome internum" RELATED [BTO:0003175] synonym: "stratum plexiforme internum" EXACT [FMA:58704] synonym: "stratum plexiforme internum retinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inner_plexiform_layer] xref: BTO:0003175 xref: FMA:58704 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray881.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray881.png/200px-Gray881.png xref: MA:0001312 xref: ncithesaurus:Inner_Plexiform_Layer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005032 xref: SCTID:280682006 xref: TAO:0001329 xref: VHOG:0001168 xref: XAO:0003225 xref: ZFA:0001329 is_a: UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001792 intersection_of: UBERON:0001781 ! layer of retina intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 ! inner nuclear layer of retina intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001792 ! ganglionic layer of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 ! inner nuclear layer of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001792 ! ganglionic layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer property_value: external_definition "The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the dendrites of the ganglion cells.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001329", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001168", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001796 name: aqueous humor of eyeball def: "Body substance in liquid state contained in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eyeball[FMA]. The aqueous humour is a thick watery substance filling the space between the lens and the cornea[WP]." [FMA:58819, Wikipedia:Aqueous_humor] comment: Note that FMA says A+P chambers, and MA states A chamber subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "aqueous humor" EXACT [] synonym: "aqueous humour" EXACT [] synonym: "humor aquosus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58819, FMA:TA] xref: EHDAA2:0000139 xref: EHDAA:10196 xref: EMAPA:18232 xref: ENVO:02000024 xref: FMA:58819 xref: GAID:890 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: MA:0001236 xref: MESH:A.09.371.060.067.070 xref: ncithesaurus:Aqueous_Humor xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdGd-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280587006 xref: VHOG:0000548 xref: ZFA:0005564 is_a: UBERON:0006312 ! ocular refractive media relationship: part_of UBERON:0001766 ! anterior chamber of eyeball property_value: external_definition "The fluid produced by the ciliary process in the eye and occupying the anterior and posterior chambers. It provides nourishment for the lens and cornea and maintains the ocular pressure, and hence the optical integrity of the eyeball. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000548", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aqueous+humour"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya (reference 1); Although the eye varies greatly in adaptative details among vertebrates, its basic structure is the same in all. The human eye is representative of the design typical for a tetrapod. (...) A watery aqueous humor fills the spaces in the eye in front of the lens (...) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000548", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nrn2283 Lamb TD, Collin SP and Pugh EN Jr, Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2007), ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.424 and p.426 and p.429 and Figure 12-24", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001797 name: vitreous humor def: "Body substance of semisolid state which constitutes the vitreous body of the eye.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Vitreous_humour] comment: Note that FMA distinguishes between a portion and the whole portion. We equate with whole portion here, but this is arbitrary subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "humor vitreous" EXACT [] synonym: "humor vitreus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58822, FMA:TA] synonym: "humoral fluid" RELATED [BTO:0001451] synonym: "ocular fluid" RELATED [BTO:0001451] synonym: "portion of vitreous humor" BROAD [FMA:67388] synonym: "vitreous" EXACT [ZFA:0005561] synonym: "vitreous fluid" RELATED [BTO:0001451] synonym: "vitreous humour" RELATED [] synonym: "whole portion of vitreous humor" EXACT [FMA:58822] xref: BTO:0001451 xref: EMAPA:17837 xref: ENVO:02000032 xref: EV:0100344 xref: FMA:58822 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: MA:0001286 xref: ncithesaurus:Vitreous_Humor xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7ZIfZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0000795 xref: ZFA:0005561 is_a: UBERON:0006312 ! ocular refractive media relationship: part_of UBERON:0001798 ! vitreous body relationship: part_of UBERON:0005606 ! hyaloid cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0001798 name: vitreous body def: "Mucoid tissue in the vitreous chamber of the eyeball. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left vitreous bodies.[FMA]" [FMA:58827, FMA:FMA] comment: Note - in many AOs these are exact synonyms, but FMA has a part of link between portion of vitreous humor and this subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:58827 xref: GAID:919 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: MA:0002462 xref: MESH:A.09.371.943 xref: ncithesaurus:Vitreous_Body xref: SCTID:181170006 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001799 ! vitreous chamber of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0001799 name: vitreous chamber of eyeball def: "The posterior chamber is a narrow chink behind the peripheral part of the iris of the human eye, and in front of the suspensory ligament of the lens and the ciliary processes the Posterior Chamber consists of small space directly posterior of the Iris but anterior to the lens. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vitreous_chamber] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "camera postrema" EXACT [] synonym: "camera postrema bulbi oculi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58848, FMA:TA] synonym: "camera vitrea" EXACT [] synonym: "camera vitrea bulbi" EXACT [] synonym: "postremal chamber" EXACT [] synonym: "postremal chamber of eyeball" EXACT [] synonym: "vitreous chamber" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002087 xref: FMA:58848 xref: MA:0002461 xref: ncithesaurus:Vitreous_Chamber is_a: UBERON:0006311 ! chamber of eyeball relationship: part_of UBERON:0001802 ! posterior segment of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0001800 name: sensory ganglion def: "the clusters of neurons in the somatic peripheral nervous system which contain the cell bodies of sensory nerve axons, interneurons and non-neuronal supporting cells." [MP:0000960] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "ganglion sensorium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:5885 xref: MA:0002566 xref: MESH:A.08.340.390 xref: ncithesaurus:Sensory_Ganglion is_a: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0001801 name: anterior segment of eyeball def: "The anterior segment is the front third of the eye that includes the structures in front of the vitreous humour: the cornea, iris, ciliary body, and lens. Within the anterior segment are two fluid-filled spaces: the anterior chamber between the posterior surface of the cornea (i.e. the corneal endothelium) and the iris; the posterior chamber between the iris and the front face of the vitreous. Aqueous humor fills these spaces within the anterior segment and provides nutrients to the surrounding structures." [Wikipedia:Anterior_segment_of_eyeball] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior segment of eye" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior segment of the eye" EXACT [] synonym: "eye anterior segment" EXACT [] synonym: "segmentum anterius (bulbus oculi)" EXACT [] synonym: "segmentum anterius bulbi oculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_segment_of_eyeball] xref: FMA:58865 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Cataract_in_human_eye.png xref: MA:0002484 xref: MESH:A.09.371.060 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Eye_Segment xref: SCTID:280658001 xref: ZFA:0005566 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010230 {source="FMA"} ! eyeball of camera-type eye property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001802 [Term] id: UBERON:0001802 name: posterior segment of eyeball def: "The posterior segment is the back two-thirds of the eye that includes the anterior hyaloid membrane and all structures behind it: the vitreous humor, retina, choroid, and optic nerve. On the anterior side of the lens is the aqueous humour which is bounded on all sides by the lens, ciliary body, suspensory ligaments, and by the cornea. It lets light through without refraction, helps maintain the shape of the eye and suspends the delicate lens. In some animals, the retina contains a reflective layer (the tapetum lucidum) which increases the amount of light each photosensitive cell perceives, allowing the animal to see better under low light conditions." [Wikipedia:Posterior_segment_of_eyeball] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "eye posterior segment" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior segment of eye" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior segment of the eye" EXACT [] synonym: "segmentum posterius (bulbus oculi)" EXACT [] synonym: "segmentum posterius bulbi oculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_segment_of_eyeball] xref: FMA:58868 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: MA:0002485 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Eye_Segment xref: SCTID:280659009 xref: ZFA:0005567 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010230 {source="FMA"} ! eyeball of camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0001803 name: epithelium of lens def: "The cells of the lens epithelium regulate most of the homeostatic functions of the lens.[6] As ions, nutrients, and liquid enter the lens from the aqueous humor, Na+/K+ ATPase pumps in the lens epithelial cells pump ions out of the lens to maintain appropriate lens osmolarity and volume, with equatorially positioned lens epithelium cells contributing most to this current. The activity of the Na+/K+ ATPases keeps water and current flowing through the lens from the poles and exiting through the equatorial regions." [Wikipedia:Lens_(anatomy)#Lens_Epithelium] comment: Usage notes: this class is the superclass of the anterior epithelium and equatorial epithlium, although the term 'lens epithelium' may refer specifically to the former subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelial tissue of eye lens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium lentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58871, FMA:TA] synonym: "epithelium of eye lens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "eye lens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "eye lens epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lens epithelium" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001873 xref: FMA:58871 xref: MA:0001301 xref: SCTID:362523006 xref: TAO:0001326 xref: XAO:0004094 xref: ZFA:0001326 is_a: UBERON:0000484 ! simple cuboidal epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0001804 name: capsule of lens def: "a smooth, transparent basement membrane that completely surrounds the lens. It is synthesized by the lens epithelium and its main components are Type IV collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)." [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_lens, Wikipedia:Lens_(anatomy)#Lens_capsule] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "capsula lentis" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "lens capsule" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000977 xref: EMAPA:18237 xref: FMA:58881 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray883.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray883.png/200px-Gray883.png xref: MA:0001300 xref: ncithesaurus:Lens_Capsule xref: SCTID:244500004 xref: VHOG:0000550 xref: ZFA:0005574 is_a: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005769 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basement membrane is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000965 intersection_of: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001803 {source="Wikipedia"} ! epithelium of lens relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005614 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lens anterior epithelium relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye property_value: external_definition "The transparent membrane which surrounds the lens of the eye. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000550", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) we reach the inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of jawless and jawed vertebrates already possessed an eye that was comparable to that of extant lampreys and gnathostomes. Accordingly, a vertebrate camera-like eye must have been present by the time that lampreys and gnathostomes diverged, around 500 Mya (reference 1); Although the eye varies greatly in adaptative details among vertebrates, its basic structure is the same in all. The human eye is representative of the design typical for a tetrapod. (...) A watery aqueous humor fills the spaces in the eye in front of the lens (...) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000550", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nrn2283 Lamb TD, Collin SP and Pugh EN Jr, Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2007), ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.424 and p.426 and p.429 and Figure 12-24", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001805 name: autonomic ganglion def: "ganglion that has dendrites that form a junction between autonomic nerves originating from the central nervous system and autonomic nerves innervating their target organs in the periphery. There are two subtypes, sympathetic ganglion and parasympathetic ganglion." [Wikipedia:Autonomic_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "autonomic nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion autonomicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Autonomic_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion of autonomic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion of visceral nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17157 xref: EMAPA:18221 xref: FMA:5889 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: MA:0000220 xref: ncithesaurus:Autonomic_Ganglion is_a: UBERON:0003338 ! ganglion of peripheral nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001806 name: sympathetic ganglion def: "Sympathetic ganglia are the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They deliver information to the body about stress and impending danger, and are responsible for the familiar fight-or-flight response. They contain approximately 20000–30000 nerve cell bodies and are located close to and on either side of the spinal cord in long chains. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_ganglion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion of sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion sympatheticum" EXACT [] synonym: "ganglion sympathicum" RELATED [BTO:0001333] synonym: "ganglion sympathicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sympathetic_ganglion] synonym: "sympathetic nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0010773 xref: BTO:0001333 xref: EHDAA2:0001969 xref: EMAPA:17157 xref: FMA:5890 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png xref: MA:0000226 xref: ncithesaurus:Sympathetic_Ganglion xref: SCTID:362485003 is_a: UBERON:0001805 ! autonomic ganglion is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001807 name: paravertebral ganglion def: "Trunk ganglion which is part of a bilaterally paired set of sympathetic ganglia located anterior and lateral to the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Paravertebral_ganglion, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ganglion of sympathetic trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "ganglion trunci sympathetici" EXACT [] synonym: "ganglion trunci sympathici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5891, FMA:TA] synonym: "sympathetic chain ganglion" EXACT [] xref: FMA:5891 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray847.png/200px-Gray847.png xref: TAO:0001556 xref: ZFA:0001556 is_a: UBERON:0001806 ! sympathetic ganglion is_a: UBERON:0007134 {source="ZFA"} ! trunk ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 {source="ZFA"} ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001808 name: parasympathetic ganglion def: "Parasympathetic ganglia are the autonomic ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system. Most are small terminal ganglia or intramural ganglia, so named because they lie near or within (respectively) the organs they innervate. The exceptions are the four paired parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion parasympathicum" RELATED [BTO:0001256] synonym: "ganglion parasympathicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parasympathetic_ganglion] xref: BTO:0001256 xref: EHDAA2:0001400 xref: FMA:5894 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png xref: MA:0002469 xref: ncithesaurus:Parasympathetic_Ganglion xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100303 xref: SCTID:279284004 is_a: UBERON:0001805 ! autonomic ganglion is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 intersection_of: UBERON:0001805 ! autonomic ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001809 name: enteric ganglion def: "." [Wikipedia:Enteric_ganglia] synonym: "intramural ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5896] xref: FMA:5896 xref: MA:0001144 xref: ncithesaurus:Enteric_Ganglion is_a: UBERON:0001808 {source="FMA"} ! parasympathetic ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0002005 intersection_of: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001810 name: nerve plexus def: "Anatomical junction where subdivisions of two or more neural trees interconnect with one another to form a network through which nerve fibers of the constituent nerve trees become regrouped; together with other nerve plexuses, nerves and ganglia, it constitutes the peripheral nervous system. Examples: cervical nerve plexus, brachial nerve plexus, sacral nerve plexus[FMA]." [FMA:5901, Wikipedia:Nervous_system_plexus] comment: in FMA this is a subtype of junction rather than tissue subset: uberon_slim xref: AEO:0000138 xref: BTO:0000205 xref: EHDAA2:0003138 xref: EHDAA:3780 xref: EMAPA:16987 xref: EMAPA:18224 xref: FMA:5901 xref: MA:0002407 xref: ncithesaurus:Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:122455009 is_a: UBERON:0003714 ! neural tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001811 name: conjunctiva def: "The conjunctiva is a clear mucous membrane consisting of cells and underlying basement membrane that covers the sclera (white part of the eye) and lines the inside of the eyelids. It is made of epithelial tissue. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Conjunctiva] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "wall of conjunctival sac" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010343 xref: BTO:0003415 xref: EFO:0000374 xref: EV:0100340 xref: FMA:59011 xref: GAID:898 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray883.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Gray883.png/200px-Gray883.png xref: MA:0000265 xref: MESH:A.09.371.192 xref: ncithesaurus:Conjunctiva xref: SCTID:181161008 xref: XAO:0000182 is_a: UBERON:0000060 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001773 ! sclera relationship: part_of UBERON:0005908 {source="cjm"} ! conjunctival sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0010409 {source="MA"} ! eye surface [Term] id: UBERON:0001812 name: palpebral conjunctiva comment: lines the eyeballs synonym: "tarsal conjunctiva" EXACT [Wikipedia:Conjunctiva] synonym: "tunica conjunctiva palpebrum" EXACT [] xref: FMA:59025 xref: MA:0001265 xref: ncithesaurus:Palpebral_Conjunctiva xref: SCTID:280666005 is_a: UBERON:0010305 ! region of conjunctiva relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 {source="FMA"} ! conjunctiva [Term] id: UBERON:0001813 name: somatic nerve plexus def: "A nerve plexus that is part of a somatic nervous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check synonym: "plexus nervorum spinalium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5903, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus of spinal nerves" EXACT [FMA:5903] synonym: "spinal nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:5903] xref: EHDAA2:0001899 xref: EMAPA:16987 xref: FMA:5903 xref: MA:0000235 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:42280003 xref: VHOG:0000925 is_a: UBERON:0001810 ! nerve plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000012 intersection_of: UBERON:0001810 ! nerve plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001814 name: brachial nerve plexus def: "The brachial plexus is an arrangement of nerve fibers, running from the spine, formed by the ventral rami of the lower cervical and upper thoracic nerve root, specifically from below the fifth cervical vertebra to above the first thoracic vertebra. It proceeds through the neck, the axilla (armpit region) and into the arm. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachial_plexus] comment: check superclass - nerve vs collection of fibers vs junction; note that FMA also has 'brachial autonomic nerve plexus' subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachial plexus" EXACT [MA:0001180] synonym: "plexus brachialis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachial_plexus] synonym: "plexus brachialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachial_plexus] xref: EHDAA2:0000180 xref: EHDAA:3782 xref: EMAPA:16988 xref: FMA:5906 xref: GAID:842 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gray808.png/200px-Gray808.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Brachial_plexus_color.svg/750px-Brachial_plexus_color.svg.png xref: MA:0001180 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.050 xref: ncithesaurus:Brachial_Plexus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNWmO5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181002002 xref: VHOG:0000372 is_a: UBERON:0001813 {source="MA"} ! somatic nerve plexus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb property_value: external_definition "A nerve plexus originating from the anterior branches of the last four cervical and the first thoracic spinal nerves, giving off many of the principal nerves of the shoulder, chest, and arms. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000372", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/brachial+plexus"} property_value: homology_notes "To reach the muscles, dermatomes, and other structures of the limbs, some of the neurons in the spinal nerves come together in the plexus at the base of the limb. Such plexuses occur in all gnathostomes, and they reach their highest complexity among mammals and birds in which the cervical plexus supplies many ventral neck muscles, the brachial plexus supplies the pectoral appendage, a lumbosacral plexus supplies the pelvic appendage, and a coccygeal plexus supplies some of the pelvic muscles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000372", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.436", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001815 name: lumbosacral nerve plexus def: "The anterior divisions of the lumbar nerve, sacral nerve, and coccygeal nerves form the lumbosacral plexus, the first lumbar nerve being frequently joined by a branch from the twelfth thoracic. For descriptive purposes this plexus is usually divided into three parts: lumbar plexus sacral plexus pudendal plexus [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lumbosacral_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lumbosacral plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus lumbosacralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5907, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus lumbosacralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lumbosacral_plexus] xref: EHDAA2:0001040 xref: EHDAA:4673 xref: EMAPA:17587 xref: FMA:5907 xref: GAID:849 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray822.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Gray822.png/200px-Gray822.png xref: MA:0001181 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.450 xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbosacral_Plexus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzYo75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181049003 xref: VHOG:0000926 is_a: UBERON:0001813 ! somatic nerve plexus property_value: homology_notes "To reach the muscles, dermatomes, and other structures of the limbs, some of the neurons in the spinal nerves come together in the plexus at the base of the limb. Such plexuses occur in all gnathostomes, and they reach their highest complexity among mammals and birds in which the cervical plexus supplies many ventral neck muscles, the brachial plexus supplies the pectoral appendage, a lumbosacral plexus supplies the pelvic appendage, and a coccygeal plexus supplies some of the pelvic muscles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000926", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.436", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001816 name: autonomic nerve plexus def: "A nerve plexus that is part of an autonomic nervous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "autonomic plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus autonomicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5910, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus nervosus visceralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5910, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus visceralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5910, FMA:TA] synonym: "visceral nerve plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "visceral plexus" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18224 xref: FMA:5910 xref: MA:0000221 xref: SCTID:362482000 is_a: UBERON:0001810 ! nerve plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 intersection_of: UBERON:0001810 ! nerve plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0001817 name: lacrimal gland def: "Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of glandular acini which communicate the lacrimal sac. Examples: There only two instances, right lacrimal and left lacrimal glands[FMA]. The lacrimal glands are paired almond-shaped glands, one for each eye, that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film. They are situated in the upper, outer portion of each orbit. Inflammation of the lacrimal glands is called dacryoadenitis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_gland] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glandula lacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_gland] xref: BTO:0000044 xref: EFO:0001389 xref: EV:0100339 xref: FMA:59101 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray896.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gray896.png/200px-Gray896.png xref: MA:0001296 xref: ncithesaurus:Lacrimal_Gland xref: SCTID:181147003 xref: VHOG:0001476 is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004859 ! eye gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001750 ! lacrimal apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0001818 name: tarsal gland def: "The meibomian glands (or tarsal glands) are a special kind of sebaceous glands at the rim of the eyelids, responsible for the supply of sebum, an oily substance that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film, prevents tear spillage onto the cheek, and makes the closed lids airtight. There are approximately 50 glands on the upper eyelids and 25 glands on the lower eyelids. The glands are named after Heinrich Meibom (1638-1700), a German physician. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Meibomian_gland] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gland of meibom" EXACT [] synonym: "meibomian gland" EXACT [] synonym: "palpebral gland" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0004165 xref: FMA:59104 xref: GAID:899 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Gray1205.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Gray1205.png/200px-Gray1205.png xref: MA:0001249 xref: MESH:A.09.371.337.614 xref: ncithesaurus:Meibomian_Gland xref: SCTID:280585003 is_a: UBERON:0003484 ! eye sebaceous gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0004772 relationship: secretes UBERON:0001866 intersection_of: UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0001866 ! sebum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus relationship: secretes UBERON:0001866 ! sebum [Term] id: UBERON:0001819 name: palpebral fissure def: "Orifice separating upper and lower eyelids. In the human adult this measures about 10mm vertically and 30 mm horizontally. It can be reduced in size in fetal alcohol syndrome. In Trisomy 9 the palpebral fissures can be upslanting. [WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Palpebral_fissure] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "rima palpebrarum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palpebral_fissure] xref: FMA:59110 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray892.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray892.png/200px-Gray892.png xref: MA:0001266 xref: SCTID:280576003 is_a: UBERON:0000161 {source="FMA"} ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 {source="MA"} ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0001820 name: sweat gland def: "Sweat glands are exocrine glands, found in the skin of all mammal species, that are used for body temperature regulation. In humans a system of apocrine - and merocrine sweat glands is the main method of cooling. Many other mammals rely on panting or other means as a primary source of cooling, but still use sweat glands to aid in body temperature regulation. Sweat also serves a purpose of increasing friction on the palms of hands or the pads of paws. Both apocrine and merocrine sweat glands contain myoepithelial cells (from Greek myo-, 'muscle'), specialized epithelial cells located between the gland cells and the underlying basal lamina. Myoepithelial cell contractions squeeze the gland and discharge the accumulated secretions. The secretory activities of the gland cells and the contractions of myoepithelial cells are controlled by both the autonomic nervous system and by the circulating hormones. Additionally, ceruminous glands, which produce ear wax, and mammary glands, which produce milk, are frequently considered to be modified sweat glands. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sweat_gland] comment: todo - check if all sweat glands are epidermal - see EMAPA:29743 subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glandula sudorifera" RELATED [BTO:0001331] synonym: "sudoriferous gland" RELATED [BTO:0001331] synonym: "sudoriparous gland" RELATED [BTO:0001331] xref: BTO:0001331 xref: EV:0100160 xref: FMA:59152 xref: GAID:943 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Skin.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Skin.svg/200px-Skin.svg.png xref: MA:0000150 xref: MESH:A.10.336.899 xref: ncithesaurus:Sweat_Gland xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjx15wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361700009 xref: VHOG:0001467 is_a: UBERON:0002365 {source="MA"} ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0007771 ! epidermis gland relationship: secretes UBERON:0001089 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0001089 ! sweat relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005089 {evidence="definitional"} ! sweat gland placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 {source="FMA"} ! epidermis relationship: secretes UBERON:0001089 ! sweat property_value: external_definition "A gland that secretes sweat, found in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue, opening by a duct on the body surface. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001467", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sweat+gland"} property_value: homology_notes "Sweat glands (also called sudoriferous glands) are unique to mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001467", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.101", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001821 name: sebaceous gland def: "The sebaceous glands are microscopic glands in the skin which secrete an oily/waxy matter, called sebum, to lubricate the skin and hair of animals. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sebaceous_gland] comment: Editor notes: check parthood relations subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glandula sebacea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sebaceous_gland] synonym: "glandula sebaceae" RELATED [BTO:0001980] synonym: "sebaceous follicle" RELATED [BTO:0001980] xref: BTO:0001980 xref: EV:0100161 xref: FMA:59160 xref: GAID:900 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/HairFollicle.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/HairFollicle.png/200px-HairFollicle.png xref: MA:0002565 xref: MESH:A.10.336.827 xref: ncithesaurus:Sebaceous_Gland xref: SCTID:361697005 xref: VHOG:0001468 is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0007771 ! epidermis gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005088 {evidence="definitional"} ! sebaceous gland placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 {source="FMA", inconsistent_with="MP"} ! epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0011932 {source="FMA"} ! pilosebaceous unit property_value: external_definition "Any of the numerous holocrine glands in the dermis that empty into a hair follicle and produce and secrete sebum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001468", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sebaceous+gland"} property_value: homology_notes "Sebaceous glands are also limited to mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001468", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.102", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001822 name: orbital septum def: "a membranous sheet that acts as the anterior boundary of the orbit. It extends from the orbital rims to the eyelids[WP]." [Wikipedia:Orbital_septum] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "septum orbitale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbital_septum] xref: FMA:59328 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Gray891.png xref: MA:0001259 xref: SCTID:368859002 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0000094 ! membrane organ is_a: UBERON:0003037 ! septum is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region [Term] id: UBERON:0001823 name: nasal cartilage def: "One of the cartilage structures in the nose that provide form and support[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nasal_cartilage] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilage of nose" EXACT [] xref: FMA:59502 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray852.png/200px-Gray852.png xref: MA:0001883 xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Cartilage xref: SCTID:278941001 is_a: UBERON:0003406 ! cartilage of respiratory system is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus relationship: encloses UBERON:0000402 ! nasal vestibule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0001824 name: mucosa of larynx def: "the mucous lining of the larynx, which is composed of squamous epithelium in the upper larynx and ciliated columnar epithelium in the lower larynx." [MP:0002261] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "laryngeal mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "larynx mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "larynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "larynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "larynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of larynx" EXACT [] synonym: "organ mucosa of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa laryngis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59662, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:18334 xref: FMA:59662 xref: GAID:301 xref: MA:0001766 xref: MESH:A.04.329.597 xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Mucosa xref: SCTID:361940006 is_a: UBERON:0000379 ! tracheal mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0001825 name: paranasal sinus def: "Paranasal sinuses are air-filled spaces, communicating with the nasal cavity, within the bones of the skull and face. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Paranasal_sinuses] comment: Arise as epithelial lined diverticula of the lining of the nasal cavity. The extent of sinus development varies with species, most of the development occurs postnatally subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nasal sinus" RELATED [GAID:355] synonym: "sinus" BROAD [] xref: EHDAA:6489 xref: EV:0100038 xref: FMA:59679 xref: GAID:355 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Nnh_front.svg/200px-Nnh_front.svg.png xref: MA:0000431 xref: MESH:A.04.531.621 xref: ncithesaurus:Paranasal_Sinus xref: SCTID:181203001 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0001826 name: nasal cavity mucosa def: "the mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity[MP]." [MP:0002238] comment: TODO - check lining vs part of. split olfactory and nasal mucosa? synonym: "mucosa of nose" EXACT [FMA:59684] synonym: "mucous membrane of nose" EXACT [FMA:59684] synonym: "nasal mucosa" RELATED [] synonym: "tunica mucosa nasalis" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica mucosa nasi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59684, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0000912 xref: FMA:59684 xref: GAID:302 xref: SCTID:310211009 is_a: UBERON:0000379 ! tracheal mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001707 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0001827 name: lacrimal gland secretion def: "Secretion produced by the lacrimal gland.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Tear] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tear" EXACT [FMA:59756] xref: BTO:0001499 xref: ENVO:02000034 xref: FMA:59756 xref: GAID:1173 xref: galen:Tear xref: galen:Tears xref: MA:0002508 xref: MESH:A.12.200.882 xref: ncithesaurus:Tear is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001817 intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001828 name: gingiva def: "The gingiva, or gums, consists of the mucosal tissue that lies over the alveolar bone. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gingiva] comment: Editor notes: FMA has a 3-level breakdown of jaws into: region, jaw (skeleton+gums), skeleton. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gum" EXACT [FMA:59762] synonym: "gum tissue" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "gums" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000519 xref: EFO:0001925 xref: EV:0100064 xref: FMA:59762 xref: GAID:1257 xref: galen:Gingiva xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Tooth_Section.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Tooth_Section.svg/200px-Tooth_Section.svg.png xref: MA:0000342 xref: MESH:A.14.254.646.480 xref: ncithesaurus:Gingiva xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViWnZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181224006 xref: VHOG:0001269 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004103 ! alveolar ridge relationship: part_of UBERON:0003729 {source="FMA"} ! mouth mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0011595 ! jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0001829 name: major salivary gland def: "the three largest glands of the oral cavity that secrete most of the saliva, including the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands." [MP:0003792] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim xref: FMA:59788 xref: galen:MajorSalivaryGland xref: MA:0002478 xref: ncithesaurus:Major_Salivary_Gland xref: SCTID:303049006 is_a: UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0001830 name: minor salivary gland def: "the smaller, largely mucus-secreting, exocrine glands of the oral cavity, consisting of the labial, buccal, molar, lingual, and palatine glands[MP]. There are over 600 minor salivary glands located throughout the oral cavity within the lamina propria of the oral mucosa. They are 1-2mm in diameter and unlike the other glands, they are not encapsulated by connective tissue only surrounded by it. The gland is usually a number of acini connected in a tiny lobule. A minor salivary gland may have a common excretory duct with another gland, or may have its own excretory duct. Their secretion is mainly mucous in nature (except for Von Ebner's glands) and have many functions such as coating the oral cavity with saliva. Problems with dentures are usually associated with minor salivary glands[WP]." [MP:0003791, Wikipedia:Salivary_gland#Minor_Salivary_Glands] subset: organ_slim xref: FMA:59789 xref: GAID:940 xref: galen:MinorSalivaryGland xref: MA:0002479 xref: MESH:A.10.336.779.650 xref: ncithesaurus:Minor_Salivary_Gland xref: SCTID:362177001 is_a: UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005334 ! oral lamina propria [Term] id: UBERON:0001831 name: parotid gland def: "The parotid gland is the largest of the salivary glands. It is found wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and it secretes saliva through Stensen's duct into the oral cavity, to facilitate mastication and swallowing. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parotid_gland] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glandula parotidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parotid_gland] synonym: "parotid" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010095 xref: BTO:0001004 xref: EFO:0002558 xref: EMAPA:18537 xref: EV:0100060 xref: FMA:59790 xref: GAID:938 xref: galen:ParotidGland xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_hn_02.jpg xref: MA:0001585 xref: MESH:A.10.336.779.464 xref: ncithesaurus:Parotid_Gland xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvqwyg5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181234002 xref: VHOG:0000308 is_a: UBERON:0001829 ! major salivary gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008801 ! parotid gland primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek property_value: external_definition "A mammalian salivary gland located caudal to the ear. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-22, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000308", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The most common oral glands in mammals are the salivary glands. There are usually three primary pairs of salivary glands, named for their approximate positions: mandibular (submandibular or submaxillary), sublingual, and parotid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000308", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.525", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001832 name: sublingual gland def: "The sublingual glands are salivary glands in the mouth. They lie anterior to the submandibular gland under the tongue, beneath the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth. They are drained by 8-20 excretory ducts called the ducts of Rivinus. The largest duct, the sublingual duct (of Bartholin) joins the submandibular duct to drain through the sublingual caruncle. The sublingual gland consists mostly of Mucous acini capped with serous demilunes and is therefore categorized as a mixed gland. Most of the remaining small sublingual ducts open separately into the mouth on an elevated crest of mucous membrane, the sublingual fold, caused by the gland and on either side of the frenulum linguae. The chorda tympani nerve is secretomotor to the sublingual glands. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_gland] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus sublingualis" EXACT [] synonym: "glandula sublingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sublingual_gland] synonym: "Rivinus gland" RELATED [BTO:0001315] synonym: "Rivinus' gland" EXACT [] synonym: "sublingual salivary gland" RELATED [] synonym: "submaxillary gland" RELATED [MA:0001589] xref: BTO:0001315 xref: EMAPA:18809 xref: EV:0100062 xref: FMA:59791 xref: GAID:941 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray1024.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray1024.png/200px-Gray1024.png xref: MA:0001588 xref: MESH:A.10.336.779.687 xref: ncithesaurus:Sublingual_Salivary_Gland xref: SCTID:362176005 xref: VHOG:0000363 is_a: UBERON:0001829 {source="FMA"} ! major salivary gland disjoint_from: UBERON:0009964 ! crustacean maxillary gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006297 ! sublingual gland primordium property_value: external_definition "One of a pair of small salivary glands situated under the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth, beneath the tongue. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000363", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sublingual+gland"} property_value: homology_notes "Most mammals have well-developed parotid, mandibular, and sublingual glands.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000363", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.553", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001833 name: lip def: "One of the two fleshy folds which surround the opening of the mouth. " [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9458, Wikipedia:Lip] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "labia oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lip] synonym: "lips" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001647 xref: FMA:59816 xref: GAID:76 xref: galen:Lip xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Lips.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Mouth.jpg/200px-Mouth.jpg xref: MA:0000343 xref: MESH:A.01.456.505.631.515 xref: ncithesaurus:Lip xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi4U5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181221003 xref: TAO:0007006 xref: VHOG:0000677 xref: ZFA:0007006 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is one of the two fleshy folds surrounding the opening of the mouth.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0007006", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator", source="http:www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9458"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 [Term] id: UBERON:0001834 name: upper lip alt_id: UBERON:0003391 def: "Lip that covers the upper portion of the mouth.[TAO]." [TAO:0001970, Wikipedia:Upper_lip] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "labium superius oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Upper_lip] synonym: "upper jaw lip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EMAPA:17925 xref: FMA:59817 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Illu01_head_neck.jpg/200px-Illu01_head_neck.jpg xref: MA:0000919 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWPv7pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245776003 xref: TAO:0001970 xref: VHOG:0001750 xref: ZFA:0005226 is_a: UBERON:0001833 ! lip is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 intersection_of: UBERON:0001833 ! lip intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011592 ! future upper lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region property_value: external_definition "Lip that covers the lower portion of the mouth. [ZFIN:Curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001750", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Lip that covers the upper portion of the mouth.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001970", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001835 name: lower lip alt_id: UBERON:0003392 def: "Lip that covers the upper portion of the mouth.[TAO]." [TAO:0002060, Wikipedia:Lower_lip] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "labium inferius oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lower_lip] synonym: "lower jaw lip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EHDAA2:0001020 xref: EMAPA:17909 xref: FMA:59818 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Mouth.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Mouth.jpg/200px-Mouth.jpg xref: MA:0000921 xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Lip xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv842UpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245777007 xref: TAO:0002060 xref: ZFA:0005225 is_a: UBERON:0001833 ! lip is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 intersection_of: UBERON:0001833 ! lip intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011596 ! future lower lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region property_value: external_definition "Lip that covers the lower portion of the mouth.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002060", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001836 name: saliva def: "In humans, the saliva is a turbid and slightly viscous fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. In man and many animals, saliva is an important digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin[GO]." [GO:0046541, Wikipedia:Saliva] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sailva normalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Saliva] synonym: "saliva atomaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Saliva] synonym: "saliva molecularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Saliva] synonym: "salivary gland secretion" EXACT [FMA:59862] xref: BTO:0001202 xref: ENVO:02000036 xref: FMA:59862 xref: GAID:1167 xref: galen:Saliva xref: MA:0002507 xref: MAT:0000444 xref: MESH:A.12.200.666 xref: ncithesaurus:Saliva xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJ95wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion [Term] id: UBERON:0001837 name: duct of salivary gland def: "An intralobular duct found in salivary glands and involved in the production and transport of their secretions[BTO]." [BTO:0005115, Wikipedia:Salivary_duct] comment: check taxonomy coverage - define functionally? subset: uberon_slim synonym: "salivary duct" EXACT [] synonym: "salivary gland duct" EXACT [] synonym: "secretory duct" RELATED [BTO:0005115] xref: BTO:0005115 xref: FMA:59908 xref: GAID:939 xref: MA:0001586 xref: MESH:A.10.336.779.640 xref: SCTID:181238004 is_a: UBERON:0003928 ! digestive system duct is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001836 ! saliva relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland relationship: channels_into UBERON:0000165 ! mouth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001838 name: sublingual duct def: "The excretory ducts of the sublingual gland are from eight to twenty in number. Of the smaller sublingual ducts (ducts of Rivinus), some join the submandibular duct; others open separately into the mouth, on the elevated crest of mucous membrane (plica sublingualis), caused by the projection of the gland, on either side of the frenulum linguae. One or more join to form the major sublingual duct (larger sublingual duct, duct of Bartholin), which opens into the submandibular duct. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_duct] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0004558 xref: FMA:59983 xref: MA:0002699 xref: SCTID:281000009 is_a: UBERON:0001837 ! duct of salivary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001832 intersection_of: UBERON:0001837 ! duct of salivary gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001839 name: bony labyrinth def: "A system of fluid passages in the inner ear, including both the cochlea, which is part of the auditory system, and the vestibular system, which provides the sense of balance. The bony labyrinth, or osseous labyrinth, is the network of passages with bony walls lined with periosteum. The bony labyrinth is lined with the membranous labyrinth. There is a layer of perilymph between them. The three parts of the bony labyrinth are the vestibule of the ear, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea. The vestibular system is the region of the inner ear where the semicircular canals converge, close to the cochlea (the hearing organ). The vestibular system works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. Joint and muscle receptors also are important in maintaining balance. The brain receives, interprets, and processes the information from these systems that control our balance. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Bony_labyrinth] comment: Ideally we would place a spatially disjoint from relationship to membranous labyrinth, but there are many parts in common. this should be resolved. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "labyrinthus osseus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Bony_labyrinth] synonym: "osseous labyrinth" EXACT [] synonym: "osseus labyrinth" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011078 xref: BTO:0004685 xref: EV:0100362 xref: FMA:60179 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Gray920.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Gray920.png/200px-Gray920.png xref: MA:0000238 xref: ncithesaurus:Osseous_Labyrinth xref: SCTID:279727008 xref: VHOG:0001219 xref: XAO:0000193 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001694 ! petrous part of temporal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0004681 ! vestibular system [Term] id: UBERON:0001840 name: semicircular canal def: "One of three half-circular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear[WP]. Fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in the ear, that detect angular accelerations. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)" [Wikipedia:Semicircular_canal, ZFIN:curator] comment: Note that MA divides this into osseous and duct. In FMA, this is systemically part of the bony labyrinth. Note this is an anatomical space in ZFA. The MA treatment has advantages for representing the neuroepithelium, which should not be part of bone. Also check duct vs canal subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "canalis semicircularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semicircular_canal] synonym: "canalis semicircularis" RELATED [] synonym: "ductus semicirculares" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0003383, FMA:71880, FMA:TA] synonym: "scc" RELATED [TAO:0000431] synonym: "semicircular canals" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000431] xref: AAO:0011098 xref: BTO:0003383 xref: EV:0100365 xref: FMA:60186 xref: GAID:776 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Balance_Disorder_Illustration_A.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Balance_Disorder_Illustration_A.png/200px-Balance_Disorder_Illustration_A.png xref: MA:0000249 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.663 xref: ncithesaurus:Semicircular_Canal xref: SCTID:279757004 xref: TAO:0000431 xref: VHOG:0001144 xref: XAO:0000198 xref: ZFA:0000431 is_a: UBERON:0000025 {source="GO"} ! tube is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 {source="MA"} ! internal ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 {source="OG"} ! membranous labyrinth property_value: external_definition "Fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in the ear, that detect angular accelerations. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000431", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus. These ducts are sometimes called canals, but technically the term semicircular canal applies to the spaces in the osseus labyrinth in which the semicircular ducts lie.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001144", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.414", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001841 name: anterior semicircular canal def: "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)" [Wikipedia:Anterior_semicircular_canal, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior semicircular canals" RELATED [] synonym: "anterior semicircular duct" RELATED [] synonym: "canalis semircularis posterior" RELATED [AAO:0000058] synonym: "rostral vertical semicircular canal" RELATED [] synonym: "superior semicircular canal" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000058 xref: EHDAA2:0001959 xref: EHDAA:7802 xref: EMAPA:17299 xref: FMA:60187 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png xref: MA:0001207 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Semicircular_Canal xref: SCTID:279764002 xref: TAO:0000314 xref: ZFA:0000314 is_a: UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from anterior semicircular canal primordium (TAO:0000469)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000314", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000314", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001842 name: posterior semicircular canal def: "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)" [Wikipedia:Posterior_semicircular_canal, ZFIN:curator] comment: Editor notes: verify AAO subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "canalis semicircularis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_semicircular_canal] synonym: "caudal vertical semicircular canal" RELATED [] synonym: "pars superior of labyrinth" RELATED [AAO:0000420] synonym: "posterior semicircular canals" RELATED [] synonym: "posterior semicircular duct" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000420 xref: EHDAA2:0001489 xref: EHDAA:7796 xref: EMAPA:17296 xref: FMA:60190 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray921.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png xref: MA:0001209 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Semicircular_Canal xref: SCTID:279762003 xref: TAO:0000262 xref: ZFA:0000262 is_a: UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from posterior semicircular canal primordium (TAO:0000412)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000262", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000262", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001843 name: lateral semicircular canal def: "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)" [Wikipedia:Lateral_semicircular_canal, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "horizontal semicircular canal" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral semicircular canals" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral semicircular duct" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000920 xref: EHDAA:7790 xref: EMAPA:17821 xref: FMA:60193 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png xref: MA:0001208 xref: SCTID:279761005 xref: TAO:0000220 xref: ZFA:0000220 is_a: UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from lateral semicircular canal primordium (TAO:0000232)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000220", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of three fluid-filled toroidal spaces, arranged orthogonally to each other in each ear, that detect angular acceleration. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for semicircular canals by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000220", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001844 name: cochlea def: "The cochlea is the auditory portion of the inner ear. Its core component is the Organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along the partition separating fluid chambers in the coiled tapered tube of the cochlea. The name is from the Latin for snail, which is from the Greek kokhlias 'snail, screw,' from kokhlos 'spiral shell,' in reference to its coiled shape; the cochlea is coiled in most mammals, monotremes being the exceptions. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cochlea] comment: The association with 'lagena' in frog and fish comes from HOG, although HOG is inconsistent here, associating lagena with XAO cochlea and ZFA cochlear duct. NBK53175 says: "In contrast, the ventrally located auditory chambers have undergone more extensive evolutionary modifications. The saccule and lagena are prominent auditory organs in fish but the saccule has a vestibular role in mammals and birds, and the lagena is absent in mammals. The primary au- ditory organ in mammals and birds is the cochlea, which has no known counterpart in amphibians and fish (Riley and Phillips, 2003)" subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cochlear organ" RELATED [BTO:0000267] synonym: "cochlear part of bony labyrinth" EXACT [] synonym: "lagena" EXACT SENSU [XAO:0000197] xref: AAO:0000253 xref: BTO:0000267 xref: EFO:0000357 xref: EMAPA:17597 xref: EV:0100363 xref: FMA:60201 xref: GAID:724 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Cochlea-crosssection.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cochlea-crosssection.png/200px-Cochlea-crosssection.png xref: MA:0000240 xref: MAT:0000144 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.246 xref: MIAA:0000144 xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlea xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1190 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_883 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvqfJmJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181187008 xref: TAO:0000374 xref: VHOG:0000691 xref: XAO:0000197 xref: ZFA:0000374 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth property_value: external_definition "A spiral-shaped cavity in the petrous portion of the temporal bone of the inner ear, containing the nerve endings essential for hearing and forming one of the divisions of the labyrinth. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000691", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cochlea"} property_value: homology_notes "Because achieving high sensitivity is generally advantageous for auditory organs, it is not surprising that evidence for cochlear amplification is also seen in nonmammals. Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs) are narrow-band sound signals emitted from the inner ear, and it is generally assumed that their energy derives from the hair-cell molecular motors underlying cochlear amplification. However, all terrestrial vertebrates studied so far (including amphibians) show very similar SOAEs. The most parsimonious explanation for the universality of this phenomena is that some kind of amplifying mechanism is at least as old as land vertebrates themselves.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000691", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(98)80033-0 Manley GA, Koeppl C, Phylogenetic development of the cochlea and its innervation. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1998)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001845 name: perilymph def: "Transudate contained in the osseous labyrinth outside the membranous labyrinth.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Perilymph] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "liquor cotunnii" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perilymph] synonym: "perilympha" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perilymph] xref: FMA:60908 xref: GAID:1185 xref: MA:0002529 xref: MESH:A.12.207.571.678 xref: ncithesaurus:Perilymph xref: TAO:0005413 xref: ZFA:0005413 is_a: UBERON:0006586 ! otolymph relationship: part_of UBERON:0002278 ! perilymphatic space relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001849 {source="Wikipedia"} ! membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0001846 name: internal ear def: "Complex labyrinthine structure that comprises sensory endorgans specialized for vestibular, auditory, and acoustico-vestibular sensation." [PMID:16217737, Wikipedia:Internal_ear, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "auris interna" RELATED [BTO:0000630] synonym: "inner ear" EXACT [] synonym: "labyrinth" RELATED [] synonym: "otocyst" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000238 xref: BTO:0000630 xref: EFO:0001363 xref: EHDAA2:0000831 xref: EHDAA:504 xref: EMAPA:16194 xref: EV:0100361 xref: FMA:60909 xref: GAID:871 xref: galen:InnerEar xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gray923.png/200px-Gray923.png xref: MA:0000237 xref: MAT:0000145 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631 xref: MIAA:0000145 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Ear xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1196 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJ8SsJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181189006 xref: TAO:0000217 xref: VHOG:0000284 xref: XAO:0000192 xref: ZFA:0000217 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003051 {evidence="definitional"} ! ear vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001690 ! ear property_value: external_definition "The auditory (hearing) and vestibular (balance) organ of the fish, equivalent to the inner ear of amniotes. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000217", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The labyrinth, or inner ear, evolved very early in vertebrate history and, with many variations in configuration but none of basic design and function, has been retained by all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000284", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.366", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001847 name: lobule of pinna def: "The earlobe is, in humans and many other animals, the soft lower part of the external ear. It is the lowermost portion of the human pinna, projecting below the antitragus. The earlobe is composed of tough areolar and adipose (fatty) connective tissues, lacking the firmness and elasticity of the rest of the pinna. Since the earlobe does not contain cartilage the earlobe has a large blood supply and may help to warm the ears and maintain balance but generally earlobes are not considered to have any major biological function. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ear_lobe] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auricular lobule" EXACT [] synonym: "ear lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "ear lobule" RELATED [] synonym: "earlobe" EXACT [] synonym: "lobe of ear" EXACT [] synonym: "lobule of auricle" RELATED [] synonym: "lobule of auricle of ear" EXACT [] synonym: "lobulus auriculae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:60984, FMA:TA] synonym: "pinna lobule" EXACT [] xref: FMA:60984 xref: MA:0002468 xref: ncithesaurus:Lobule_of_the_Auricle xref: SCTID:362544006 is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0001848 name: auricular cartilage def: "cartilage of the pinna and much of the external ear canal." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/auricular+cartilage] synonym: "cartilage of pinna" EXACT [FMA:61013] xref: FMA:61013 xref: MA:0001227 xref: SCTID:279627003 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 intersection_of: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 {source="FMA"} ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0001849 name: membranous labyrinth def: "Organ with organ cavity which consists of the vestibular labyrinth and the cochlear labyrinth. Examples: There are only two membranous labyrinths, the right and the left.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Membranous_labyrinth] comment: inner ear has parts membranous and osseuous/bony labyrinth. it's not clear where the edinburgh terms 'labyrinth' belong, we place them here for now subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "labyrinthus membranaceus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Membranous_labyrinth] xref: AAO:0011060 xref: EHDAA:4698 xref: EMAPA:17815 xref: EV:0100367 xref: FMA:61022 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray924.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray924.png/200px-Gray924.png xref: MA:0000242 xref: ncithesaurus:Membranous_Labyrinth xref: SCTID:263790009 xref: VHOG:0000729 xref: XAO:0000194 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010113 {evidence="definitional"} ! future membranous labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear property_value: external_definition "A system of communicating epithelial sacs and ducts within the bony labyrinth, containing the endolymph. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000729", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/membranous+labyrinth"} property_value: homology_notes "The labyrinth, or inner ear, evolved very early in vertebrate history and, with many variations in configuration but none of basic design and function, has been retained by all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000729", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.366", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001850 name: lacrimal duct def: "Organ with organ cavity which connects the vestibule of the conjunctival sac to the nasal cavity. Examples: There are only two lacrimal ducts, the right and the left lacrimal ducts.[FMA]" [FMA:61063, Wikipedia:Lacrimal_canaliculi] comment: todo - resolve canaliculus vs tear duct vs lacrimal vs nasolacrimal subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lacrimal caniculus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_duct] synonym: "tear duct" RELATED [MA:0001295] xref: EMAPA:19245 xref: FMA:61063 xref: MA:0001295 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001750 {source="FMA"} ! lacrimal apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0001851 name: cortex def: "Outermost layer of an organ[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cortex_(anatomy)] comment: Note that this class is used more generically than in FMA, and includes e.g. cortex of hair subset: uberon_slim subset: upper_level synonym: "cortex" EXACT [FMA:61109] synonym: "cortex of organ" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0000383 xref: EHDAA:9344 xref: FMA:61109 xref: galen:Cortex is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000062 ! organ [Term] id: UBERON:0001852 name: endolymph def: "Transudate contained within the membranous labyrinth.[FMA]" [FMA:61112, Wikipedia:Endolymph] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "endolympha" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Endolymph] synonym: "endolympha" RELATED [Wikipedia:Endolymph] synonym: "endolymphatic fluid" EXACT [] synonym: "Scarpa's fluid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Endolymph] xref: FMA:61112 xref: GAID:1184 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Cochlea-crosssection.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cochlea-crosssection.png/200px-Cochlea-crosssection.png xref: MA:0002528 xref: MESH:A.12.207.571.324 xref: ncithesaurus:Endolymph xref: TAO:0005414 xref: ZFA:0005414 is_a: UBERON:0006586 ! otolymph relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001849 {source="Wikipedia"} ! membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0001853 name: utricle of membranous labyrinth def: "one of the two otolith organs located in the vertebrate inner ear. These use small stones and a viscous fluid to stimulate hair cells to detect motion and orientation. The utricle is larger than the saccule and is of an oblong form, compressed transversely, and occupies the upper and back part of the vestibule, lying in contact with the recessus ellipticus and the part below it. The utricle contains mechanoreceptors called hair cells that distinguish between degrees of tilting of the head, thanks to their apical cilia set-up. These are covered by otolith which, due to gravity, pull on the cilia and tilt them. Depending on whether the tilt is in the direction of the kinocilium or not, the resulting hair cell polarisation is excitatory (depolarising) or inhibitory (hyperpolarisation), respectively. This signal to the vestibular nerve (which takes it to the brainstem) does not adapt with time. The effect of this is that, for example, an individual lying down to sleep will continue to detect that they are lying down hours later when they awaken[WP]." [Wikipedia:Utricle_(ear)] comment: XAO/AAO to be checked - see https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/5; AAO has both utricle and utriculus; these are generally considered synonyms - e.g. http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=utriculus subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "membranous labyrinth utricle" EXACT [] synonym: "utricle" EXACT [] synonym: "utriculus" EXACT [ZFA:0000700] synonym: "utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000625 xref: AAO:0011109 xref: BTO:0001807 xref: EHDAA2:0002153 xref: EHDAA:4726 xref: EMAPA:17293 xref: EV:0100368 xref: FMA:61113 xref: MA:0000247 xref: ncithesaurus:Utricle xref: SCTID:279817006 xref: TAO:0000700 xref: VHOG:0000289 xref: XAO:0000195 xref: ZFA:0000700 is_a: UBERON:0002518 {source="ZFA", source="Wikipedia"} ! otolith organ property_value: external_definition "The portion of the membranous labyrinth of the ear into which the semicircular ducts find their outlet. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000289", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000289", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.413-414", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001854 name: saccule of membranous labyrinth def: "A bed of sensory cells situated in the inner ear. The saccule translates head movements into neural impulses which the brain can interpret. The saccule is sensitive to linear translations of the head, specifically movements up and down (think about moving on an elevator). When the head moves vertically, the sensory cells of the saccule are disturbed and the neurons connected to them begin transmitting impulses to the brain. These impulses travel along the vestibular portion of the eighth cranial nerve to the vestibular nuclei in the brainstem. is the smaller of the two vestibular sacs. It is globular in form and lies in the recessus sphæricus near the opening of the scala vestibuli of the cochlea. Its cavity does not directly communicate with that of the utricle. The anterior part of the saccule exhibits an oval thickening, the macula acustica sacculi, or macula, to which are distributed the saccular filaments of the vestibular branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve, also known as the acoustic nerve or cranial nerve VIII[WP]." [Wikipedia:Saccule] comment: XAO/AAO to be checked - see https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/5 subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "membranous labyrinth saccule" EXACT [] synonym: "saccule" EXACT [] synonym: "sacculus" EXACT [ZFA:0000428] synonym: "sacculus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Saccule] synonym: "sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000550 xref: BTO:0001805 xref: EHDAA2:0001769 xref: EHDAA:4712 xref: EMAPA:17290 xref: EV:0100369 xref: FMA:61116 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg/200px-Bigotolith.jpg xref: MA:0000246 xref: ncithesaurus:Saccule xref: SCTID:279827000 xref: TAO:0000428 xref: VHOG:0000374 xref: XAO:0000196 xref: ZFA:0000428 is_a: UBERON:0002518 {source="ZFA", source="Wikipedia"} ! otolith organ property_value: external_definition "The most ventral chamber of the membranous labyrinth. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-25, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000374", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus. (...) In all gnathostomes, the utriculus connects ventrally with a larger sac, called the sacculus (...) .[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000374", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.413-414", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001855 name: cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth def: "An endolymph filled cavity inside the cochlea, located in between the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli, separated by the basilar membrane and Reissner's membrane (the vestibular membrane) respectively. Houses the organ of Corti[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cochlear_duct] comment: TODO: check cochlear duct vs cochlear aqueduct vs scala media subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cochlea duct" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2562] synonym: "cochlear aqueduct" RELATED [] synonym: "cochlear duct" EXACT [] synonym: "ductus cochlearis" RELATED [BTO:0001692] synonym: "ductus cochlearis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cochlear_duct] synonym: "membranous cochlea" RELATED [BTO:0001692] synonym: "Reissner's canal" EXACT [] synonym: "reissners canal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2562] synonym: "scala media" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cochlear_duct] synonym: "scala medias" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2562] synonym: "scala of Loewenberg" RELATED [BTO:0001692] xref: BTO:0001692 xref: EHDAA2:0000262 xref: EHDAA:4718 xref: EMAPA:17598 xref: FMA:61119 xref: GAID:874 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Gray928.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gray928.png/200px-Gray928.png xref: MA:0000243 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.246.292 xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Duct xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2562 xref: SCTID:279849006 xref: VHOG:0000507 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0002499 ! cochlear labyrinth property_value: external_definition "The coiled portion of the membranous labyrinth located inside the cochlea. It contains endolymph. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000507", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cochlear+duct"} property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus. (...) In all gnathostomes, the utriculus connects ventrally with a larger sac, called the sacculus (...) In most groups of gnathostomes, the caudoventral evagination of the sacculus forms a small lagena, and in some diapsids and mammals the lagena develops into a longer duct. The lagena becomes greatly elongated in therians and coils to form the cochlear duct.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000507", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.413-414", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001856 name: semicircular duct def: "any of the three loop-shaped membranous inner tubular parts of the semicircular canals that are about one-fourth the diameter of the corresponding outer bony canals, that communicate at each end with the utricle, and that have near one end an expanded ampulla containing an area of sensory epithelium" [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/semicircular+duct] comment: TODO - check canal vs duct. see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray927.png synonym: "ductus semicirculares" RELATED PLURAL [FMA:71880, FMA:TA] synonym: "membranous semicircular canal" RELATED [MA:0000251] xref: FMA:61122 xref: MA:0000251 xref: ncithesaurus:Semicircular_Duct xref: SCTID:279833009 xref: VHOG:0000238 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 {source="MA"} ! semicircular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! vestibular labyrinth property_value: homology_notes "In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus (...); Gnathostome ears have a horizontal semicircular duct. This brings their complement to three semicircular ducts, a pattern retained throughout gnathostome evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000238", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.413-414 and p.58", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001857 name: anterior semicircular duct comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "superior semicircular duct" RELATED [VHOG:0000246] xref: FMA:61123 xref: MA:0001211 xref: SCTID:279836001 xref: VHOG:0000246 is_a: UBERON:0001856 ! semicircular duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001841 ! anterior semicircular canal property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrata is characterized by three synapomorphies. (...) Vertebrates also have at least two vertical semicircular ducts (...). In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000246", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.53 and p.413-414", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001858 name: posterior semicircular duct def: "The semicircular canals are three half-circular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear. The three canals are the horizontal semicircular canal (also known as the lateral semicircular canal), superior semicircular canal (also known as the anterior semicircular canal), and the posterior semicircular canal. The canals are aligned approximately orthogonally to one another. The horizontal canal is aligned roughly horizontally in the head. The superior and anterior canals are aligned roughly at a 45 degree angle to a vertical plane drawn from the nose to the back of the skull. Thus, the horizontal canal detects horizontal head movements (such as when doing a pirouette), while the superior and posterior canals detect vertical head movements. Each canal is filled with a fluid called endolymph and contains a motion sensor with little hairs whose ends are embedded in a gelatinous structure called the cupula. As the skull twists in any direction, the endolymph is thrown into different sections of the canals. The cilia detect when the endolymph rushes past, and a signal is then sent to the brain. The semicircular canals are a component of the Labyrinth. Among species of mammals, the size of the semicircular canals is correlated with their type of locomotion. Specifically, species that are agile and have fast, jerky locomotion have larger canals relative to their body size than those that move more cautiously. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Semicircular_canal] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:61126 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Balance_Disorder_Illustration_A.png/200px-Balance_Disorder_Illustration_A.png xref: MA:0001214 xref: SCTID:279835002 xref: VHOG:0000248 is_a: UBERON:0001856 ! semicircular duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001842 ! posterior semicircular canal property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrata is characterized by three synapomorphies. (...) Vertebrates also have at least two vertical semicircular ducts (...). In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000248", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.53 and p.413-414", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001859 name: lateral semicircular duct def: "The lateral or horizontal canal (external semicircular canal) is the shortest of the three canals. Movement of fluid within this canal corresponds to rotation of the head around a vertical axis (i.e. the neck). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_semicircular_duct] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:61129 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png xref: MA:0001213 xref: SCTID:279834003 xref: VHOG:0000247 is_a: UBERON:0001856 ! semicircular duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001843 ! lateral semicircular canal property_value: homology_notes "Gnathostome ears have a horizontal semicircular duct. This brings their complement to three semicircular ducts, a pattern retained throughout gnathostome evolution. [ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.58] ; In gnathostomes, each membranous labyrinth has three semicircular ducts that connect with a chamber known as the utriculus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000247", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.413-414", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001860 name: endolymphatic duct def: "From the posterior wall of the saccule a canal, the endolymphatic duct, is given off; this duct is joined by the ductus utriculosaccularis, and then passes along the aquaeductus vestibuli and ends in a blind pouch on the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, where it is in contact with the dura mater. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Endolymphatic_duct] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ductus endolymphaticus" EXACT LATIN [AAO:0000135] synonym: "ductus endolymphaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Endolymphatic_duct] xref: AAO:0000135 xref: EMAPA:18580 xref: FMA:61246 xref: GAID:886 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray924.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray924.png/200px-Gray924.png xref: MA:0001187 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.909.957.360 xref: SCTID:362567008 xref: TAO:0002194 xref: ZFA:0001705 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth property_value: external_definition "Duct that is part of the inner ear and connects to the semicircular canals ending in a pouch.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002194", ontology="TAO", source="http:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endolymphatic_duct"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001861 name: ductus reuniens def: "The canalis reuniens of Hansen is part of the human inner ear. It connects the lower part of the saccule to the ductus cochlearis near its vestibular extremity." [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen] synonym: "canal of Henson" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen] synonym: "canalis reuniens" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen] synonym: "canalis reuniens of Hensen" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen] synonym: "Hensen duct" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen] synonym: "Hensen's duct" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canalis_reuniens_of_Hensen] xref: EMAPA:17287 xref: FMA:61252 xref: MA:0000244 xref: SCTID:279805009 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: connects UBERON:0001854 {source="Wikipedia"} ! saccule of membranous labyrinth relationship: connects UBERON:0001855 {source="Wikipedia"} ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 {source="EMAPA"} ! vestibular labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0001862 name: vestibular labyrinth def: "The part of the membranous labyrinth that includes the utricle and saccule lodged within the vestibule and the semicircular ducts lodged eccentrically in the corresponding canals." [BTO:0001856] synonym: "labyrinthus vestibularis" RELATED [BTO:0001856] synonym: "vestibular apparatus" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001856 xref: EHDAA2:0000832 xref: EMAPA:17286 xref: FMA:61255 xref: MA:0000245 xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Labyrinth xref: SCTID:181188003 xref: XAO:0004145 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0001863 name: scala vestibuli def: "Scala vestibuli is a perilymph filled cavity inside the cochlea of the inner ear. It is separated from the scala media by Reissner's membrane and extends from the oval window to the helicotrema where it joins scala tympani. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scala_vestibuli] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:61269 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Gray923.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cochlea-crosssection.png/250px-Cochlea-crosssection.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gray923.png/200px-Gray923.png xref: MA:0001206 xref: SCTID:362578000 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002278 ! perilymphatic space [Term] id: UBERON:0001864 name: scala tympani def: "Scala tympani is one of the perilymph-filled cavities in the cochlear labyrinth. It is separated from the scala media by the basilar membrane, and it extends from the round window to the helicotrema, where it continues as scala vestibuli. The purpose of the perilymph-filled scala tympani and scala vestibuli is to transduce the movement of air that causes the tympanic membrane and the ossicles to vibrate, to movement of liquid and the basilar membrane. This movement is conveyed to the organ of Corti inside the scala media, composed of hair cells attached to the basilar membrane and their stereocilia embedded in the tectorial membrane. The movement of the basilar membrane compared to the tectorial membrane causes the sterocilia to bend. They then depolarise and send impulses to the brain via the cochlear nerve. This produces the sensation of sound. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scala_tympani] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:61272 xref: GAID:879 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray921.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png xref: MA:0001205 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.246.848 xref: SCTID:362579008 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002278 ! perilymphatic space [Term] id: UBERON:0001865 name: cartilaginous external acoustic tube comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "cartilaginous external acoustic meatus" EXACT [] synonym: "cartilaginous part of external acoustic meatus" EXACT [] synonym: "external acoustic meatus cartilaginous part" EXACT [] synonym: "meatus acusticus externus cartilagineus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61289, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:61289 xref: MA:0001234 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus [Term] id: UBERON:0001866 name: sebum def: "The sebaceous glands are microscopic glands in the skin which secrete an oily/waxy matter, called sebum, to lubricate the skin and hair of animals. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sebum] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001981 xref: ENVO:02000037 xref: FMA:61304 xref: GAID:1168 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/HairFollicle.png/200px-HairFollicle.png xref: MA:0002538 xref: MESH:A.12.200.702 xref: ncithesaurus:Sebum is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion [Term] id: UBERON:0001867 name: cartilage of external ear def: "A cartilage that is part of a external ear [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "auricular region cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auricular region of head cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of auricular region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of auricular region of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of outer ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "external ear cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "outer ear cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:61339 xref: GAID:103 xref: MA:0001886 xref: MESH:A.02.165.207 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Ear_Cartilage is_a: UBERON:0001996 ! elastic cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear [Term] id: UBERON:0001868 name: skin of chest def: "A zone of skin that is part of a chest [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: check FMA:61415 synonym: "anterior thoracic region zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest skin" EXACT [] synonym: "chest zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "front of thorax zone of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of anterior chest" EXACT [FMA:61416] synonym: "zone of skin of anterior part of thorax" EXACT [FMA:61416] synonym: "zone of skin of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zone of skin of pectoral part of chest" RELATED [FMA:61417] xref: FMA:61416 xref: FMA:61417 xref: MA:0000553 xref: SCTID:181496004 is_a: UBERON:0001418 ! skin of thorax relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0001869 name: cerebral hemisphere def: "One of two bilateral, largely symmetrical organ subdivisions within the telencephalon which contain the cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Cerebral_hemisphere] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hemisphere" RELATED [VHOG:0001639] synonym: "hemispherium cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_hemisphere] xref: AAO:0010480 xref: BTO:0000231 xref: EFO:0002521 xref: FMA:61817 xref: galen:CerebralHemisphere xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Hemispheres.png xref: MA:0000133 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Hemisphere xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1042 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvigx5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278251007 xref: VHOG:0001639 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: external_definition "Part of the telencephalon consisting of either of the two smooth, elongated halves of the cerebrum.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010480", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "The presence of paired evaginated hemispheres and olfactory bulbs in both agnathan and gnathostome radiations suggests that such hemispheres were also present in the common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001639", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.ne.04.030181.001505 Northcutt RG, Evolution of the telencephalon in nonmammals. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. (1981)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001870 name: frontal cortex def: "Frontal lobe is the anterior-most of five lobes of the cerebral hemisphere. It is bounded by the central sulcus on its posterior border and by the longitudinal cerebral fissure on its medial border." [Wikipedia:Frontal_lobe] comment: Editor note: Many species don't have lobes but they do have frontal cortex. Lobe isn't a really well defined term though [MM] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "frontal lobe" EXACT [FMA:61824] synonym: "frontal region" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus frontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_lobe] synonym: "regio frontalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61824, FMA:TA] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-FR xref: BTO:0000484 xref: EFO:0000913 xref: EV:0100167 xref: FMA:61824 xref: GAID:674 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Gray729.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gray729.png/200px-Gray729.png xref: MA:0000905 xref: MAT:0000505 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.270 xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Lobe xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_928 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090601 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv3OJ8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180920004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0001871 name: temporal lobe def: "Temporal lobe is the ventrolateral lobe of five lobes comprising each cerebral hemisphere. It is bounded dorsally by the lateral fissure and posteriorly by an arbitrary border shared with the occipital lobe." [Wikipedia:Temporal_lobe] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lobus temporalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_lobe] synonym: "temporal cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "temporal neocortex" EXACT [DHB:TCx] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-Te xref: BTO:0001355 xref: EFO:0000917 xref: EMAPA:18797 xref: EV:0100169 xref: FMA:61825 xref: GAID:635 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gray730.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Gray730.png/200px-Gray730.png xref: MA:0000941 xref: MAT:0000508 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.863 xref: ncithesaurus:Temporal_Lobe xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1160 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQLi-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180921000 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0001872 name: parietal lobe def: "Parietal lobe is the one of five lobes of the cerebral hemisphere which occupies the dorsal-posterior portion of the hemisphere. It is bounded by the central sulcus on its anterior border and and by the longitudinal cerebral fissure on its medial border. Posteriorly it shares an arbitrary border with the occipital lobe." [Wikipedia:Parietal_lobe] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lobus parietalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parietal_lobe] synonym: "parietal cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "parietal neocortex" EXACT [DHB:PCx] synonym: "parietal region" EXACT [] synonym: "regio parietalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61826, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0001001 xref: EFO:0000914 xref: EV:0100168 xref: FMA:61826 xref: GAID:680 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Gray726_parietal_lobe.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Gray726_parietal_lobe.png/200px-Gray726_parietal_lobe.png xref: MA:0000916 xref: MAT:0000506 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.670 xref: ncithesaurus:Parietal_Lobe_of_the_Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1148 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvg-typwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180922007 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0001873 name: caudate nucleus def: "Nucleus of brain which is an elongated crescent-shaped mass lying parallel and adjacent to the lateral ventricle throughout its extent." [Wikipedia:Caudate_nucleus] comment: CHECK - rodents. The caudate nucleus and putamen are separated by a clear white matter bundle in most species but not in rodents (MM) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caudatus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus caudatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Caudate_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus caudatus" RELATED [BTO:0000211] xref: BM:Tel-CA xref: BTO:0000211 xref: EFO:0000907 xref: EMAPA:18207 xref: EV:0100185 xref: FMA:61833 xref: GAID:670 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg/200px-Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: MA:0000894 xref: MAT:0000513 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.105.487.550.184 xref: ncithesaurus:Caudate_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1373 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvyAjJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279297002 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010122 {evidence="definitional"} ! future caudate nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum relationship: part_of UBERON:0005383 ! caudate-putamen [Term] id: UBERON:0001874 name: putamen def: "Nucleus of brain which lies ventral to the caudate nucleus and internal capsule and medial to the external capsule. The putamen and caudate nucleus together form the dorsal striatum. It is also one of the structures that comprises the basal ganglia. Through various pathways, the putamen is connected to the substantia nigra and globus pallidus. The main function of the putamen is to regulate movements and influence various types of learning. It employs dopamine to perform its functions. The putamen also plays a role in degenerative neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease." [Wikipedia:Putamen] comment: CHECK - rodents. The caudate nucleus and putamen are separated by a clear white matter bundle in most species but not in rodents (MM) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus putamen" EXACT [] xref: BM:Tel-Pu xref: EV:0100187 xref: FMA:61834 xref: GAID:671 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg/200px-BrainCaudatePutamen.svg.png xref: MA:0000895 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.105.487.550.784 xref: ncithesaurus:Putamen xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_809 xref: SCTID:281512002 xref: VHOG:0001456 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 {source="FMA"} ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 ! striatum relationship: part_of UBERON:0005383 ! caudate-putamen property_value: homology_notes "All nuclei of the mammalian basal ganglia are also present in the oldest vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001456", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2011.05.001 Stephenson-Jones M, Samuelsson E, Ericsson J, Robertson B, Grillner S, Evolutionary conservation of the basal ganglia as a common vertebrate mechanism for action selection. Current Biology (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001875 name: globus pallidus def: "Subcortical nucleus, functionally part of the basal ganglia, which consists of two segments the external (or lateral) and internal (or medial) separated by the medial medullary lamina in primates. In rodents, The globus pallidus lateral is separated from the medial segment by the fibers of the internal capsule/cerebral peduncle[NIF]. Nucleus of brain which is located medially to the putamen and laterally to the internal capsule[FMA]." [FMA:61835, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234, Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus] comment: BTO and MA are inconsistent w.r.t striatum and pallidum being non-overlapping as in ABA. Note that we have pallidum as part_of basal gangion, so we can make the direct link to basal ganglion. ISBN10:1588900649 says: ... a derivative of the diencephalon, seperates as a result of growing fibers of theinternal capsule and is finally displaced into telencephalon. only a small medial remnannt remains, the entopeduncular nucleus. The globus pallidus should be regarded as part of the subthalamus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pale body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234] synonym: "paleostriatum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus] synonym: "pallidium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus] synonym: "pallidum" RELATED [GO:0021759, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234, Wikipedia:Globus_pallidus] xref: BTO:0002246 xref: EFO:0000905 xref: EV:0100188 xref: FMA:61835 xref: GAID:668 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif/200px-Brain_structure.gif xref: MA:0000890 xref: MAT:0000510 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.105.487.397 xref: ncithesaurus:Globus_Pallidus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1234 xref: SCTID:362361005 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0001894 {source="GO", source="ISBN10:1588900649"} ! diencephalon relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002263 {source="BTO-weakened"} ! lentiform nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! basal ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0006514 {source="MA"} ! pallidum [Term] id: UBERON:0001876 name: amygdala def: "Subdivision of basal ganglion of telencephalon which is an almond-shaped gray mass in the dorsomedial part of the temporal lobe[FMA]" [FMA:61841, Wikipedia:Amygdala] comment: AO notes: MA and FMA differ on relationship to basal ganglion. The FMA text def suggests a subdivision, but it is classified as a subtype subset: uberon_slim synonym: "amygdaloid area" RELATED [] synonym: "amygdaloid body" EXACT [] synonym: "amygdaloid complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1241] synonym: "amygdaloid nuclear complex" EXACT [] synonym: "amygdaloid nuclear group" RELATED [BTO:0001042] synonym: "amygdaloid nuclear groups" EXACT [] synonym: "amygdaloid nucleus" RELATED [FMA:61841] synonym: "archistriatum" EXACT [] synonym: "corpus amygdaloideum" RELATED [BTO:0001042] synonym: "corpus amygdaloideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Amygdala] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae" RELATED [BTO:0001042] xref: BM:Tel-Am xref: BTO:0001042 xref: EFO:0000252 xref: EV:0100189 xref: EV:0100190 xref: FMA:61841 xref: GAID:616 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Amyg.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Amyg.png/200px-Amyg.png xref: MA:0000887 xref: MAT:0000289 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.090 xref: MIAA:0000289 xref: ncithesaurus:Amygdala xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1241 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJC_2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0001277 is_a: UBERON:0002420 {source="FMA"} ! basal ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 {source="FMA"} ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 {source="BTO"} ! temporal lobe property_value: homology_notes "One part of the striatum is called the archistriatum. (...) The archistriatum of fishes consists of several indistinctly segregated nuclei called the amygdaloid (...) complex. Tetrapods retain the structure, and in mammals the corresponding amygdala is a globular mass that tends to be ventral to the other basal nuclei.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001277", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.342", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001877 name: medial septal nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "medial parolfactory nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "medial septum" NARROW [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1668] xref: ABA:MS xref: BM:Tel-Spt-SMN xref: BTO:0002446 xref: FMA:61879 xref: MA:0000935 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1668 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0001878 name: septofimbrial nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "nucleus septofibrialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_730] synonym: "scattered nucleus of the septum" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SF xref: BM:SFN xref: FMA:61881 xref: MA:0000938 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_730 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002667 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007630 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001879 name: nucleus of diagonal band comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "diagonal band nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of the diagonal band of broca" EXACT [] synonym: "olfactory area (roberts)" EXACT [] xref: ABA:NDB xref: EHDAA2:0004708 xref: FMA:61882 xref: MA:0000936 xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_Diagonal_Band xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_719 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002663 {source="FMA"} ! septal nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0007629 {source="MA"} ! medial septal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0001880 name: bed nucleus of stria terminalis def: "A brain structure in the forebrain wrapped around the stria terminalis. It's largest extent can be found around the crossing of the anterior commissure[INCF]." [INCF:Seattle_mtg_2010, Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis#Bed_nucleus_of_the_stria_terminalis] synonym: "bed nucleus of the stria terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724] synonym: "bed nucleus stria terminalis (johnson)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724] synonym: "BST" BROAD [INCF:Seattle_mtg_2010] synonym: "intercalate nucleus of stria terminalis" EXACT [] synonym: "interstitial nucleus of stria terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724] synonym: "nuclei of stria terminalis" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of stria terminalis" EXACT [FMA:61884] synonym: "nucleus striae terminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61884, FMA:TA] synonym: "stria terminalis nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:BST xref: BM:BNST xref: BTO:0002698 xref: EFO:0001971 xref: FMA:61884 xref: MA:0000925 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_724 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002663 {source="FMA"} ! septal nuclear complex relationship: surrounds UBERON:0003029 ! stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0001881 name: island of calleja def: "The islands of Calleja (IC, ISC, or IClj) are a group of neural granule cells located within the ventral striatum in the brains of most animals. This region of the brain is part of the limbic system, where it aids in the reinforcing effects of reward-like activities. Within most species, the islands are specifically located within the olfactory tubercle; however, in primates these islands are located within the nucleus accumbens, the reward center of the brain, since the olfactory tubercle has practically disappeared in the brains of primates. Both of these structures have been implicated in the processing of incentives as well as addictions to drugs. Projections to and from the islands supplement this knowledge with their involvement in the reward pathways for both cocaine and amphetamines. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Islands_of_Calleja] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calleja island" EXACT [] synonym: "insulae olfactoriae, insula callejae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Islands_of_Calleja] synonym: "islands of calleja" EXACT [] xref: ABA:isl xref: BM:Tel-ISC xref: FMA:61888 xref: GAID:632 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Islands_of_Calleja_Rat.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Islands_of_Calleja_Rat.jpg/200px-Islands_of_Calleja_Rat.jpg xref: MA:0000977 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.699.400 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1113 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001883 ! olfactory tubercle [Term] id: UBERON:0001882 name: nucleus accumbens def: "a collection of pleomorphic cells in the caudal part of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, in the region of the olfactory tubercle, lying between the head of the caudate nucleus and the anterior perforated substance. It is part of the ventral striatum, a composite structure considered part of the basal ganglia[GO]." [GO:0021768, Wikipedia:Nucleus_accumbens] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "accumbens nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "colliculus of caudate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus accumbens septi" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus accumbens septi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_accumbens] xref: ABA:ACB xref: BM:Ac xref: BTO:0001862 xref: EFO:0000906 xref: EHDAA2:0004707 xref: FMA:61889 xref: GAID:672 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Circuit_du_syst%C3%A8me_de_recompense.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Circuit_du_syst%C3%A8me_de_recompense.jpg/200px-Circuit_du_syst%C3%A8me_de_recompense.jpg xref: MA:0000892 xref: MAT:0000512 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.105.683 xref: ncithesaurus:Accumbens_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_727 xref: SCTID:427667007 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 {source="FMA", source="GO"} ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0005403 {source="MA"} ! ventral striatum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001883 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001883 name: olfactory tubercle def: "Subdivision of telencephalon which is a region on the ventro-medial aspect of the telencephalon penetrated by numerous blood vessels. It is bounded by the optic tract posteriorly and the olfactory trigone anteriorly." [FMA:61891, Wikipedia:Anterior_perforated_substance] comment: AO notes: NIF has separate classes for exact syns in FMA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior perforated area" EXACT [FMA:61891] synonym: "anterior perforated space" EXACT [FMA:61891] synonym: "anterior perforated substance" EXACT [FMA:61891] synonym: "olfactory area (Mai)" EXACT [FMA:61891] synonym: "substantia perforata anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_perforated_substance] synonym: "tuberculum olfactorium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61891, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:OT xref: BM:Tel-OLT xref: BTO:0001869 xref: EHDAA2:0004701 xref: EV:0100177 xref: FMA:61891 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: MA:0000976 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1096 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005037 xref: SCTID:369108006 xref: VHOG:0001625 is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system is_a: UBERON:0005813 {source="FMA"} ! tubercle is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 {source="FMA"} ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 {source="EHDAA2-inferred", source="MA"} ! olfactory cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0005401 {source="BTO"} ! cerebral grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001882 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001884 name: phrenic nerve def: "The phrenic nerve arises from the third, fourth, and fifth cervical spinal nerves (C3-C5) in humans. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Phrenic_nerve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "diaphragmatic nerve" RELATED [BTO:0001063] synonym: "nervus phrenicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Phrenic_nerve] synonym: "nervus phrenicus" RELATED [BTO:0001063] synonym: "phrenic" RELATED [BTO:0001063] xref: BTO:0001063 xref: EHDAA:4677 xref: EMAPA:17813 xref: FMA:6191 xref: GAID:848 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Gray806.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Gray806.png/200px-Gray806.png xref: MA:0001170 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.150.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Phrenic_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtmdUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280344009 xref: VHOG:0000728 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003443 ! thoracic cavity nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity property_value: external_definition "A nerve that arises from the caudal cervical nerves and is primarily the motor nerve of the diaphragm but also sends sensory fibers to the pericardium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000728", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/phrenic+nerve"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001885 name: dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation def: "The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus[GO]." [Wikipedia:Dentate_gyrus] comment: BTO says dentate gyrus = fascia dentata + hilus. Note that GO classifies dentate gyrus development under hippocampus development subset: uberon_slim synonym: "area dentata" EXACT [] synonym: "dentate gyrus" EXACT [] synonym: "fascia dentata" NARROW [] synonym: "gyrus dentatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dentate_gyrus] synonym: "gyrus dentatus" RELATED [BTO:0002496] synonym: "hippocampal dentate gyrus" RELATED [BTO:0002496] xref: ABA:DG xref: BM:Tel-DG xref: BTO:0002496 xref: BTO:0002615 xref: EFO:0001366 xref: EMAPA:19037 xref: FMA:61922 xref: GAID:624 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/HippocampalRegions.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/HippocampalRegions.jpg/200px-HippocampalRegions.jpg xref: MA:0000190 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.405.200 xref: ncithesaurus:Dentate_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1178 xref: SCTID:279211002 is_a: UBERON:0000200 {source="FMA"} ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002421 {source="MA"} ! hippocampal formation property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001954 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001954 property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002601 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001886 name: choroid plexus def: "A tuft of capillaries that project into the ventricles of the brain and secretes cerebral spinal fluid. The choroid plexus is covered by a cuboidal epithelium which maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier[?]. Fringe of the tela choroidea of the brain ventricles[MP]. The choroid plexus is the area on the ventricles of the brain where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced by modified ependymal cells[WP]." [MP:0000820, Wikipedia:Choroid_plexus, ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO - check relationship to ventricle. Check subclass - ZFA says vasculature. Note that FMA:61934 (choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere) has exact synonym 'choroid plexus' but it is not clear that this belongs here, as the fourth ventricle is not in the cerbral hemisphere subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chorioid plexus" EXACT [FMA:61934] synonym: "choroid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:61934] synonym: "plexus choroideus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61934, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus choroideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Choroid_plexus] xref: BTO:0000258 xref: EFO:0001915 xref: FMA:61934 xref: GAID:607 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Gray708.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Gray708.svg/200px-Gray708.svg.png xref: MA:0000823 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.276.298 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus xref: SCTID:264450003 xref: TAO:0001443 xref: VHOG:0001377 xref: XAO:0004176 xref: ZFA:0001443 is_a: UBERON:0005284 ! brain vasculature is_a: UBERON:0005629 ! vascular plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle property_value: external_definition "A tuft of capillaries that project into the ventricles of the brain and secretes cerebral spinal fluid. The choroid plexus is covered by a cuboidal epithelium which maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001443", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001887 name: internal capsule def: "Internal capsule is an organ subdivision of the telencephalon which is made up primarily of myelinated axonal neural tissue (white matter). The internal capsule is a major set of fiber bundles lateral to the thalamus and caudate nucleus and medial to the putamen and globus pallidus. It projects dorsally to the white matter underlying the cerebral cortex." [Wikipedia:Internal_capsule] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "capsula interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_capsule] synonym: "internal capsule radiations" EXACT [] xref: BM:IC xref: EMAPA:18206 xref: FMA:61950 xref: GAID:685 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg/200px-Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: MA:0002748 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.435 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Capsule xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1659 is_a: UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0001888 name: lateral olfactory stria def: "The olfactory tract is a narrow white band, triangular on coronal section, the apex being directed upward. It lies in the olfactory sulcus on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe, and divides posteriorly into two striæ, a medial and a lateral. The lateral olfactory stria is directed across the lateral part of the anterior perforated substance and then bends abruptly medialward toward the uncus of the hippocampal gyrus. The medial olfactory stria turns medialward behind the parolfactory area and ends in the subcallosal gyrus; in some cases a small intermediate stria is seen running backward to the anterior perforated substance. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_olfactory_stria] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral olfactory tract" EXACT [] synonym: "stria olfactoria lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_olfactory_stria] synonym: "tractus olfactorius lateralis" EXACT [ZFA:0000229] xref: BM:Tel-LOT xref: EV:0100175 xref: FMA:61971 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1559 xref: TAO:0000229 xref: ZFA:0000229 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0001889 name: trunk of phrenic nerve comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "phrenic nerve trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "phrenic neural trunk" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001463 xref: FMA:6198 xref: MA:0001177 is_a: UBERON:0001147 ! trunk of peripheral nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001884 ! phrenic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0001890 name: forebrain def: "The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon." [Wikipedia:Forebrain, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "prosencephalon" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010147 xref: BTO:0000478 xref: EFO:0000909 xref: EHDAA2:0000556 xref: EHDAA:3470 xref: EMAPA:16895 xref: FMA:61992 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png xref: MA:0000170 xref: MAT:0000105 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730 xref: MIAA:0000105 xref: ncithesaurus:Fore-Brain xref: ncithesaurus:Prosencephalon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1509 xref: SCTID:362291003 xref: TAO:0000109 xref: VHOG:0000383 xref: XAO:0000011 xref: ZFA:0000109 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003080 ! anterior neural tube relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006240 {evidence="definitional"} ! future forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from forebrain neural tube (TAO:0007041)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000109", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Most anterior of the three regions of the brain consisting of the telencephalon and diencephalon.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010147", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The most anterior region the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000109", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In craniate embryos, neural expression of Distal-less-related genes is exclusively in the forebrain (...). Because the major neural expression domain of amphioxus AmphiDll is in the anterior three-fourths of the cerebral vesicle, we suggest that this region of the neural tube is homologous to parts of the craniate forebrain. This conclusion is strongly supported by three-dimensional, computer-assisted reconstruction of the neural tube of amphioxus based on serial transmission electron microscopy. At the neuroanatomical level, a number of detailed homologies are indicated between the anterior three-fourths of the amphioxus cerebral vesicle and the diencephalic region of the craniate forebrain. If one assumes that the amphioxus condition fairly represents the nervous system of the proximate ancestor of the craniates, one can suggest that they evolved from a creature that had the beginnings of a forebrain.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000383", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:8787764 Holland ND, Panganiban G, Henyey EL, Holland LZ, Sequence and developmental expression of AmphiDll, an amphioxus Distal-less gene transcribed in the ectoderm, epidermis and nervous system: insights into evolution of craniate forebrain and neural crest. Development (1996)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001891 name: midbrain def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the tectum, cerebral peduncle, midbrain tegmentum and cerebral aqueduct[FMA]. The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally[ZFA]. The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles)[GO]." [FMA:61993, GO:0030901, Wikipedia:Midbrain, ZFIN:curator] comment: Editors note: developmental relationships need revised. AO notes: part of brainstem in ABA - we reject this in favor of ISBN10:0471888893 which has an implicit overlaps relationships subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mesencephalon" RELATED [] synonym: "mesencephalon" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Midbrain] synonym: "midbrain vesicle" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010149 xref: ABA:MB xref: BM:MB xref: BTO:0000138 xref: EFO:0000919 xref: EHDAA2:0001162 xref: EHDAA:3694 xref: EMAPA:16974 xref: EV:0100242 xref: FMA:61993 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Human_brain_inferior_view_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Human_brain_inferior_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_inferior_view_description.JPG xref: MA:0000207 xref: MAT:0000106 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659 xref: MIAA:0000106 xref: ncithesaurus:Mesencephalon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1667 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvsBUqpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001104 xref: SCTID:279099009 xref: TAO:0000128 xref: VHOG:0000069 xref: XAO:0000014 xref: ZFA:0000128 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009616 {evidence="definitional"} ! presumptive midbrain relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003849 {evidence="definitional"} ! mesencephalic neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: external_definition "Middle part of the brain composed of the optic tectum and penducular region.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010149", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The brain region between the forebrain anteriorly and the hindbrain posteriorly, including the tectum dorsally and the midbrain tegmentum ventrally. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000128", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000069", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001894 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002028 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001892 name: rhombomere def: "A segment of the developing hindbrain[ZFA]. In the vertebrate embryo, a rhombomere is a transiently divided segment of the developing neural tube, within the hindbrain region (a neuromere) in the area that will eventually become the rhombencephalon. The rhombomeres appear as a series of slightly constricted swellings in the neural tube, caudal to the cephalic flexure. In human embryonic development, the rhombomeres are present by day 29[WP]." [Wikipedia:Rhombomere, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "future rhombencephalon" RELATED [MIAA:0000272] synonym: "hindbrain segment" BROAD [ZFA:0001064] synonym: "rhombomere" EXACT [] synonym: "rhombomeres" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000672] synonym: "segment of hindbrain" BROAD [ZFA:0001064] xref: EFO:0003617 xref: EMAPA:16148 xref: EMAPA:16478 xref: MAT:0000272 xref: MIAA:0000272 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000669 xref: TAO:0001064 xref: VHOG:0000672 xref: XAO:0004079 xref: ZFA:0001064 is_a: UBERON:0004731 ! neuromere is_a: UBERON:0004733 ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0004731 ! neuromere intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: external_definition "A segment of the developing hindbrain. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001064", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Rhombomeric segmentation is found in all living vertebrates and is of fundamental importance to the development of the vertebrate head.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000672", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1006/dbio.2002.0831 Mazet F, Shimeld SM, The Evolution of Chordate Neural Segmentation. Developmental Biology (2002)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001893 name: telencephalon def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, basal ganglia, septum and fornix, as well as subcortical gray and white matter structures[FMA]." [FMA:62000, Wikipedia:Telencephalon] comment: The telencephalon is the name for a large region within the brain that is attributed many functions. Many people refer to it as the cerebrum; however, it is technically referred to as the telencephalon. As a more technical definition, the telencephalon refers to the cerebral hemispheres and other, smaller structures within the brain, although the telencephalon is one of the larger divisions (in terms of number). It is the anterior-most embryological division of the brain that develops from the prosencephalon. The telencephalon is composed of the following sub-regions; Limbic system; Cerebral cortex or cortices of the cerebral hemispheres, Basal ganglia, Olfactory bulb. The telencephalon comprises what most people think of as the 'brain' It lies on top of the brainstem and is the largest and most well-developed of the five major divisions of the brain. The telencephalon is the newest structure in the phylogenetic sense, with mammals having the largest and most well-developed among all species. It emerges from the prosencephalon, the first of three vesicles that form from the embryonic neural tube (Christine Fennema-Notestine, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1115). subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebrum" EXACT [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Cerebrum] synonym: "endbrain" EXACT [Swanson:2004] xref: AAO:0010479 xref: ABA:CH xref: BM:Tel xref: BTO:0000239 xref: EFO:0000912 xref: EHDAA2:0001982 xref: EMAPA:16652 xref: EMAPA:16910 xref: EV:0100165 xref: FMA:62000 xref: GAID:621 xref: MA:0000183 xref: MAT:0000421 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885 xref: MIAA:0000421 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1115 xref: SCTID:263353005 xref: TAO:0000079 xref: VHOG:0000283 xref: XAO:0000012 xref: ZFA:0000079 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003850 {evidence="definitional"} ! telencephalon neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from presumptive telencephalon (TAO:0000571)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000079", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010479", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The anterior and dorsal forebrain neuromere, includes the olfactory bulb. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000079", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "From an evolutionary standpoint, the telencephalon is the most recent brain structure: the amphioxus does not have this structure as a morphological entity. Overt telencephalon is present in the hagfish and lamprey to receive numerous input fibers from various parts of the CNS, similar to gnathostomes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000283", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.008 Murakami Y, Uchida K, Rijli FM and Kuratani S, Evolution of the brain developmental plan: Insights from agnathans. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002037 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001894 name: diencephalon def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus[FMA]. The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye cups, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis). Kimmel et al, 1995." [FMA:62001, Wikipedia:Diencephalon, ZFIN:curator] comment: Note that in ABA, this is part of the brain stem subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "between brain" EXACT [] synonym: "betweenbrain" RELATED [BTO:0000342] synonym: "diencephalon" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Diencephalon] synonym: "interbrain" EXACT [Swanson:2004] synonym: "mature diencephalon" EXACT [FMA:62001] xref: AAO:0010481 xref: ABA:IB xref: BM:Die xref: BTO:0000342 xref: EFO:0000911 xref: EHDAA2:0000385 xref: EHDAA:1969 xref: EHDAA:2645 xref: EHDAA:3472 xref: EMAPA:16641 xref: EMAPA:16896 xref: EV:0100194 xref: FMA:62001 xref: GAID:618 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png xref: MA:0000171 xref: MAT:0000420 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385 xref: MIAA:0000420 xref: ncithesaurus:Diencephalon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1503 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwC-V0JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279328001 xref: TAO:0000101 xref: VHOG:0000318 xref: XAO:0000013 xref: ZFA:0000101 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006222 {evidence="definitional"} ! future diencephalon relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003851 {evidence="definitional"} ! diencephalon neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain property_value: external_definition "The more posterior and ventral of two forebrain neuromeres, the other being the telencephalon; major derivatives are the eye cups, the brain pretectal region, the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus (including the habenula and epiphysis). Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000101", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Unpaired part of the forebrain comprised of three major parts; the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010481", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000318", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001891 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002028 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001895 name: metencephalon def: "Rostral segment of the hindbrain that has as its parts the pons (where present) and the cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Metencephalon] comment: the terms metencephalon and myelencephalon are only meaningful in mammals and birds[Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain]. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata and thus these are not distinguished in ZFA[ZFA]. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epencephalon" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Epencephalon] synonym: "epencephalon-2" RELATED [FMA:62003] xref: BTO:0000673 xref: EHDAA2:0001149 xref: EHDAA:5498 xref: EMAPA:17071 xref: FMA:62003 xref: GAID:594 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png xref: MA:0000197 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428 xref: ncithesaurus:Epencephalon xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_965 xref: VHOG:0000741 is_a: UBERON:0004733 ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010092 {evidence="definitional"} ! future metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 property_value: external_definition "The anterior of two brain vesicles formed by specialization of the rhombencephalon in the developing embryo. It gives rise to cerebellum and pons. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000741", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/metencephalon"} property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000741", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001896 name: medulla oblongata def: "Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the medullary reticular formation, inferior olivary complex and cochlear nuclear complex, among other structures[FMA]. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate[GO]." [FMA:62004, GO:0021550, Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovary_oblongata] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bulb" BROAD [] synonym: "bulbus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62004, FMA:TA] synonym: "medulla" BROAD [ABA:MY] synonym: "medulla oblonzata" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medulla_oblongata] synonym: "metepencephalon" RELATED [FMA:62004] xref: AAO:0010486 xref: ABA:MY xref: BTO:0000041 xref: EFO:0000924 xref: EHDAA2:0001088 xref: EHDAA:7588 xref: EMAPA:17550 xref: EV:0100275 xref: FMA:62004 xref: GAID:590 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg/200px-Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg xref: MA:0000206 xref: MAT:0000111 xref: MAT:0000367 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.406 xref: MIAA:0000111 xref: ncithesaurus:Medulla_Oblongata xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_957 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjxSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCqnXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279104005 xref: TAO:0000545 xref: VHOG:0000181 xref: XAO:0003100 xref: ZFA:0000545 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem relationship: part_of UBERON:0005290 ! myelencephalon property_value: external_definition "Posterior portion of the hindbrain which controls respiration, heartbeat, digestion, and swallowing as well as some locomotor responses.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010486", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The posterior region of the brain that is continuous with the spinal cord. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-17, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000181", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Classical anatomical studies subdivided the vertebrate rhombencephalon into pons and medulla oblongata. (...) The medulla oblongata appears therefore as a tagma, that is, a group of segmental units (pseudorhombomeres, in this case) sharing some morphological and molecular characteristics, and in some aspects different from the segmental units present in adjoining brain regions, pons and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000181", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.08.017 Marin F, Aroca P, Puelles L, Hox gene colinear expression in the avian medulla oblongata is correlated with pseudorhombomeric domains. Developmental Biology (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000988 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001897 name: thalamus def: "A midline paired symmetrical structure within the brains of vertebrates, including humans. It is situated between the cerebral cortex and midbrain, both in terms of location and neurological connections. Its function includes relaying sensation, special sense and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, along with the regulation of consciousness, sleep and alertness. The thalamus surrounds the third ventricle. It is the main product of the embryonic diencephalon." [Wikipedia:Thalamus] comment: AO notes: MA and ZFA think there is a distinct dorsal thalamus, but FMA says its an exact synonym. FMA has a distinct class for thalamic complex. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal thalamus" RELATED [FMA:62007] synonym: "dorsal thalamus (anthoney)" EXACT [FMA:62007] synonym: "thalami" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000657] synonym: "thalamus dorsalis" RELATED [BTO:0001365] synonym: "thalamus dorsalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thalamus] xref: AAO:0010483 xref: ABA:TH xref: BTO:0001365 xref: EFO:0000910 xref: EMAPA:17540 xref: EV:0100195 xref: FMA:62007 xref: GAID:656 xref: galen:Thalamus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Brain_chrischan_thalamus.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Brain_chrischan_thalamus.jpg/200px-Brain_chrischan_thalamus.jpg xref: MA:0000179 xref: MAT:0000109 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.826 xref: MIAA:0000109 xref: ncithesaurus:Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_954 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwMPQ65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244433007 xref: TAO:0001215 xref: VHOG:0000657 xref: ZFA:0001215 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0010225 ! thalamic complex property_value: external_definition "One of a pair of large oval nervous structures made of gray matter and forming most of the lateral walls of the third ventricle of the brain and part of the diencephalon. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000657", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thalamus"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the diencephalon consisting of a mass of connecting fibers which relay sensory information to the cerebral cortex.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010483", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) the brain regions of tetrapods, the structures they contain, and their basic organizational features are the same as in fishes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000657", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.484", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001898 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001898 name: hypothalamus def: "A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. [ZFA]. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).[Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Hypothalamus, ZFIN:curator] comment: Taxon notes: all vertebrates contain a hypothalamus[WP]. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "hypothalamus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypothalamus] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010484 xref: ABA:HY xref: BM:Die-Hy xref: BTO:0000614 xref: EFO:0000107 xref: EHDAA2:0000802 xref: EHDAA:5446 xref: EMAPA:17536 xref: EV:0100225 xref: FMA:62008 xref: GAID:460 xref: galen:Hypothalamus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/LocationOfHypothalamus.jpg xref: MA:0000173 xref: MAT:0000112 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.482 xref: MIAA:0000112 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypothalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_734 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwEgr9JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:264483005 xref: TAO:0000032 xref: VHOG:0000179 xref: XAO:0004070 xref: ZFA:0000032 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000032", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the diencephalon ventral to the thalamus consisting of connecting fibers and is a center for control of the autonomous nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010484", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "For instance, the vertebrate ventral diencephalon generates the hypothalamus which functions as a major endocrine center in cooperation with the hypophysis, the anterior part of the pituitary gland, located just ventral to the hypothalamus. In the amphioxus brain, the presence of a hypothalamus-like structure has been reported associated with the ventrally located Hatschek's pit, the hypothetical hypophysial homologue. It is thus conceivable that a hypothalamus-like structure originally involved in endocrine functions may have already been present before the establishment of vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000179", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.008 Murakami Y, Uchida K, Rijli FM and Kuratani S, Evolution of the brain developmental plan: Insights from agnathans. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001897 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001899 name: epithalamus def: "The epithalamus is the small dorsomedial area of the thalamus including the habenular nuclei and associated fiber bundles, the pineal body, and the epithelial roof of the third ventricle[GO]. a dorsal posterior segment of the diencephalon (a segment in the middle of the brain also containing the hypothalamus and the thalamus) which includes the habenula, the stria medullaris and the pineal body. Its function is the connection between the limbic system to other parts of the brain[WP] Some functions of its components include the secretion of melatonin by the pineal gland. " [Wikipedia:Epithalamus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithalamus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epithalamus] xref: AAO:0010482 xref: ABA:EPI xref: BM:Die-Epi xref: BTO:0000175 xref: EFO:0000918 xref: EHDAA2:0000448 xref: EHDAA:5433 xref: EMAPA:17532 xref: EV:0100220 xref: FMA:62009 xref: GAID:455 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Epithalamus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Epithalamus.png/200px-Epithalamus.png xref: MA:0000172 xref: MAT:0000422 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.200 xref: MIAA:0000422 xref: ncithesaurus:Epithalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1710 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvneLQpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:281487003 xref: TAO:0000509 xref: VHOG:0000178 xref: ZFA:0000509 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "Dorsal segment of the diencephalon containing the habenular ganglia, a choroid plexus, and the pineal organ.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010482", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The roof of the diencephalon lying above the thalamus. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-11, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000178", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The epithalamus has been historically conceived as a distinct neuroanatomical moiety within the diencephalon of all vertebrates. (...) The evolutionary origins of epithalamic structures are uncertain but asymmetry in this region is likely to have existed at the origin of the vertebrate, perhaps even the chordate, lineage.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000178", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910063.x Concha ML and Wilson SW, Asymmetry in the epithalamus of vertebrates. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001903 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002733 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002736 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001900 name: subthalamus def: "Anterior part of the diencephalon that lies between the thalamus, hypothalamus, and tegmentum of the mesencephalon, including subthalamic nucleus, zona incerta, the fields of Forel, and the nucleus of ansa lenticularis[GO]." [GO:0021539, Wikipedia:Subthalamus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "prethalamus" EXACT DEVELOPMENTAL [] synonym: "subthalamic region" EXACT [] synonym: "thalamus ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_708] synonym: "ventral thalamus" EXACT [] xref: BM:Die-VTh xref: EHDAA2:0004470 xref: EV:0100223 xref: FMA:62010 xref: GAID:653 xref: MA:0000181 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Ventral_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_708 xref: SCTID:279332007 xref: TAO:0000458 xref: ZFA:0000458 is_a: UBERON:0002730 ! regional part of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 {source="MA"} ! thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0001901 name: epithelium of trachea alt_id: UBERON:0003227 comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "epithelial tissue of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "tracheal epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "windpipe epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001389 xref: EHDAA2:0002069 xref: EHDAA:5007 xref: EMAPA:16855 xref: EMAPA:18409 xref: FMA:62015 xref: MA:0001862 xref: ncithesaurus:Tracheal_Epithelium xref: VHOG:0001045 is_a: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004815 ! lower respiratory tract epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003258 ! endoderm of foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0001902 name: epithelium of small intestine def: "An epithelium that is part of a small intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelial tissue of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mid intestine epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005127] synonym: "small bowel epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestinal epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine epithelium" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001258 xref: FMA:62017 xref: MA:0001553 xref: SCTID:45480009 xref: TAO:0005127 xref: ZFA:0005127 is_a: UBERON:0001277 ! intestinal epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001204 ! mucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine property_value: external_definition "Intestinal epithelium which lines the lumen of the mid intestine.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005127", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001903 name: thalamic reticular nucleus def: "The thalamic reticular nucleus is part of the ventral thalamus that forms a capsule around the thalamus laterally. It is separated from the thalamus by the external medullary lamina. Reticular cells are GABAergic, and have discoid dendritic arbors in the plane of the nucleus. Thalamic Reticular Nucleus is variously abbreviated TRN, RTN, NRT, and RT. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thalamic_reticular_nucleus] comment: AO notes: only MA considers this part of a subthalamus; MA also considers a subthalamus part of a thalamus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus reticularis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62026, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus reticularis thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thalamic_reticular_nucleus] synonym: "reticular nuclear group" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular nucleus-2" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:RT xref: BM:Die-VTh-R xref: EV:0100214 xref: FMA:62026 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Constudthal.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Constudthal.gif/200px-Constudthal.gif xref: MA:0000876 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1721 xref: SCTID:279164008 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 {source="MA"} ! subthalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001899 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002733 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002736 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001904 name: habenula def: "Habenula is a segment of the epithalamus that has as its parts the lateral and medial habenular nuclei and the habenular commissure. // The habenula relays impulses from limbic areas of the telencephalon to an unpaired midbrain nucleus, the interpeduncular nucleus." [Wikipedia:Habenula, ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO - add separate term for nucleus (e.g. BTO:0003685 habenular nucleus) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "habenulae" RELATED [] synonym: "habenular nuclei" RELATED [] synonym: "habenular nucleus" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0003684 xref: EV:0100222 xref: FMA:62032 xref: GAID:619 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png xref: MA:0000830 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.200.360 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1611 xref: SCTID:362389008 xref: TAO:0000213 xref: ZFA:0000213 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus property_value: external_definition "The habenula relays impulses from limbic areas of the telencephalon to an unpaired midbrain nucleus, the interpeduncular nucleus.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000213", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001905 name: pineal body def: "The pineal body is an unpaired glandular organ subdivision shaped somewhat like a pine cone. It is attached on the midline near the posterior and habenular commissures of the epithalamus." [Wikipedia:Pineal_gland] comment: AO notes: part of midbrain in HOG, but this is inconsistent with ABA. subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "corpus pineale" EXACT [] synonym: "epiphysis" RELATED [ZFA:0000019] synonym: "epiphysis cerebri" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epiphysis_cerebri] synonym: "frontal organ" RELATED [VHOG:0000051] synonym: "glandula pinealis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "glandula pinealis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62033, FMA:TA] synonym: "pineal" RELATED [VHOG:0000051] synonym: "pineal gland" EXACT [FMA:62033] synonym: "pineal organ" EXACT [ZFA:0000019] synonym: "stirnorgan" RELATED [VHOG:0000051] xref: AAO:0010549 xref: ABA:PIN xref: BM:P xref: BTO:0001067 xref: EFO:0000865 xref: EHDAA2:0001466 xref: EHDAA:7523 xref: EMAPA:18778 xref: EV:0100131 xref: EV:0100221 xref: FMA:62033 xref: GAID:453 xref: galen:PinealGland xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg/200px-Illu_pituitary_pineal_glands.jpg xref: MA:0000175 xref: MAT:0000448 xref: MESH:A.06.407.635 xref: ncithesaurus:Pineal_Gland xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1184 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010009 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2FMGpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181126002 xref: TAO:0000019 xref: VHOG:0000051 xref: XAO:0000160 xref: ZFA:0000019 is_a: UBERON:0002757 ! regional part of epithalamus is_a: UBERON:0003296 ! gland of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0010134 {source="MA"} ! secretory circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 {source="multiple"} ! epithalamus property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of pineal complex (TAO:0001359)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000019", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "A circumscribed swelling, includes the pineal primordium that appears late in the segmentation period in the dorsal midline of the diencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000019", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which is a medial outgrowth of the thalamus on the dorsal surface of the brain. This structure is light sensitive and secretes melatonin when exposed to prolonged darkness.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010549", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "The pineal gland has evolved from a part of the epiphyseal complex of anamniotes, which includes a median light-receptive pineal eye, parietal eye, or both.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000051", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.516", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001941 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001942 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001906 name: subthalamic nucleus def: "The subthalamic nucleus is the lens-shaped nucleus located in the ventral part of the subthalamus on the inner aspect of the internal capsule that is concerned with the integration of somatic motor function[GO]." [Wikipedia:Subthalamic_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "body of forel" EXACT [] synonym: "body of luys" EXACT [] synonym: "Luys' body" RELATED [BTO:0002252] synonym: "nucleus of corpus luysii" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of luys" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus subthalamicus" RELATED [BTO:0002252] synonym: "nucleus subthalamicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subthalamic_nucleus] synonym: "subthalamic nucleus (of luys)" EXACT [] xref: ABA:STN xref: BM:Die-Sb xref: BTO:0002252 xref: EFO:0001392 xref: EV:0100224 xref: FMA:62035 xref: GAID:655 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png/200px-Basal-ganglia-coronal-sections-large.png xref: MA:0000877 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.800.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Subthalamic_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010002 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001907 name: zona incerta def: "The zona incerta is a horizontally elongated region of gray matter cells in the subthalamus below the thalamus. Its connections project extensively over the brain from the cerebral cortex down into the spinal cord. Its function is unknown though several have been proposed related to “limbic–motor integration” such as controlling visceral activity and pain; gating sensory input and synchronizing cortical and subcortical brain rhythms. Its dysfunction may play a role in central pain syndrome. It is also been identified as a promising deep brain stimulation therapy target for treating Parkinsons Disease. Its existence was first described by Auguste Forel in 1877 as a “region of which nothing certain can be said”. A hundred and thirty years later in 2007, Nadia Urbain and Martin Deschênes of Université Laval noted that the “zona incerta is among the least studied regions of the brain; its name does not even appear in the index of many textbooks. ” [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zona_incerta] subset: uberon_slim xref: ABA:ZI xref: BM:Die-VTh-ZI xref: BTO:0003146 xref: FMA:62038 xref: MA:0000878 xref: SCTID:369186007 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001908 name: optic tract def: "Diencephalic white matter (tract) which is comprised of retinal ganglion cell axons after which they have passed through the optic chiasm[ZFA]. Predominantly white matter structure found in diencephalon consisting of fibers originating in the retina. The optic tract is considered to extend from the point of the optic chiasm and terminates largely, although not exclusively, in the lateral geniculate complex. Other fibers end in the superior colliculus and other structures in the diencephalon, midbrain and brainstem (MM)[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy, Wikipedia:Optic_tract, ZFIN:curator] comment: editor note: relationships need checking by expert. NIF and ZFA both state part of diencepahalon; MA says part of optic nerve II. in uberon, CNS and PNS are spatially disjoint, and axon tracts are part of the CNS so we make the relationship to CNII 'continuous_with' subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "optic lemniscus" EXACT [] synonym: "tractus opticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_tract] synonym: "visual pathway" RELATED [GAID:735] xref: BM:Tel-OT xref: FMA:62046 xref: GAID:735 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray773.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gray773.png/200px-Gray773.png xref: MA:0001099 xref: MESH:A.08.612.220.860 xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Tract xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1684 xref: SCTID:280952003 xref: TAO:0000252 xref: VHOG:0001164 xref: XAO:0004101 xref: ZFA:0000252 is_a: UBERON:0011591 ! tract of diencephalon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000941 ! cranial nerve II relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000959 ! optic chiasma relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002104 ! visual system [Term] id: UBERON:0001909 name: habenular commissure def: "The habenular commissure, is a brain commissure (a band of nerve fibers) situated in front of the pineal gland that connects the habenular nucleus on one side of the diencephalon with that on the other side. The habernular commissure is part of the trigonum habenulæ (a small depressed triangular area situated in front of the superior colliculus and on the lateral aspect of the posterior part of the tænia thalami). The trigonum habenulæ also contains groups of nerve cells termed the ganglion habenulæ. Fibers enter the trigonum habenulæ from the stalk of the pineal gland, and the habenular commissure. Most of the trigonum habenulæ's fibers are, however, directed downward and form a bundle, the fasciculus retroflexus of Meynert, which passes medial to the red nucleus, and, after decussating with the corresponding fasciculus of the opposite side, ends in the interpeduncular ganglion. Nerve cell fibers enter the trigonum habenulæ from the stalk of the pineal body, and the habernular commissure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Habenular_commissure] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "commissura habenularum" EXACT [ZFA:0000359] synonym: "commissura habenularum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Habenular_commissure] synonym: "commissure habenularum" EXACT [MP:0008231] xref: BM:Die-Epi-HC xref: FMA:62048 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1609 xref: SCTID:279335009 xref: TAO:0000359 xref: ZFA:0000359 is_a: UBERON:0005341 ! ventral commissure is_a: UBERON:0011590 ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula [Term] id: UBERON:0001910 name: medial forebrain bundle def: "The Medial forebrain bundle (MFB), is a complex bundle of axons coming from the basal olfactory regions, the periamygdaloid region, and the septal nuclei, and passing to the lateral hypothalamus, with some carrying on into the tegmentum. It contains both ascending and descending fibers. It also represents a part of the mesolimbic pathway, carrying information between the ventral tegmentum and the nucleus accumbens. It is commonly accepted that the MFB is a part of the reward system, involved in the integration of reward and pleasure. Electrical stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle is believed to cause sensations of pleasure. This hypothesis is based upon intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) studies. Animals will work for MFB ICSS, and humans report that MFB ICSS is intensely pleasurable. This is most likely because the medial forebrain bundle carries information from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens (nAcc or Acb). The nAcc is a recognized reward center, and activation of the pathway from the VTA to the nAcc is believed to be rewarding, which is why it is sometimes referred to as the hedonic highway. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_forebrain_bundle] comment: AO notes: a pathway in NCIT subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "fasciculus medialis telencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_forebrain_bundle] synonym: "medial forebrain fasciculus" EXACT [] synonym: "telencephalic medial fasciculus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62064 xref: GAID:736 xref: MESH:A.08.612.492 xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Forebrain_Bundle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_908 xref: TAO:0005111 xref: ZFA:0005111 is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0001911 name: mammary gland def: "The specialized accessory gland of the skin of female mammals that secretes milk. In the human female, it is a compound tubuloalveolar gland composed of 15 to 25 lobes arranged radially about the nipple and separated by connective and adipose tissue, each lobe having its own excretory (lactiferous) duct opening on the nipple. The lobes are subdivided into lobules, with the alveolar ducts and alveoli being the secretory portion of the gland[BTO]. The mouse forms five to six pairs of mammary glands that extend from the neck to the groin." [BTO:0000817, Wikipedia:Mammary_gland] comment: Note that this class corresponds to the generic mammary gland. The human mammary gland is in the thoracic/breast region and is therefore covered by the subclass "thoracic mammary gland" // Males typically only have rudimentary mammary glands, The male Dayak fruit bat has lactating mammary glands. Male lactation occurs infrequently in some species. We make a part_of association to female organism for now as this is the canonical case // AO notes: in MP, this is implicitly part of female reproductive system, but not female genitalia subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Brustdruese" RELATED [BTO:0000817] synonym: "dug" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammary_gland] synonym: "glandula mammaria" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:57983, FMA:TA] synonym: "glandula mammaria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mammary_gland] synonym: "lactiferous gland" EXACT [FMA:62088] synonym: "lobe of breast" EXACT [] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "mamma" RELATED [BTO:0000817] xref: BTO:0000817 xref: EFO:0000854 xref: EMAPA:17759 xref: EV:0100125 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Illu_breast_anatomy.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Illu_breast_anatomy.jpg/200px-Illu_breast_anatomy.jpg xref: MA:0000145 xref: MAT:0000073 xref: MESH:A.10.336.482 xref: MIAA:0000073 xref: ncithesaurus:Mammary_Gland xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjVq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361720005 xref: VHOG:0000398 is_a: UBERON:0002365 {source="MA"} ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005398 ! female reproductive gland relationship: secretes UBERON:0001913 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0001913 ! milk relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005333 ! mammary bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 {notes="see comments", source="VHOG"} ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 {notes="see comments"} ! female organism relationship: secretes UBERON:0001913 ! milk property_value: external_definition "Any of the milk-producing apocrine glands typically occurring in pairs in female mammals and consisting of lobes containing clusters of alveoli with a system of ducts to convey the milk to an external nipple or teat. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000398", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mammary+gland"} property_value: homology_notes "The detailed similarities of mammary glands in living monotremes, marsupials, and eutherians argue for a monophyletic origin of these glands, perhaps by the combination of parts of preexisting sebaceous and sweat glands.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000398", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.224", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001912 name: lobule of lactiferous gland def: "Organ component of the mammary gland which consists of an aggregate of mammary alveoli that communicate with a lobular lactiferous duct.[FMA]" [FMA:62090] comment: TODO - ensure correct terminology for lobes/lobules. FMA uses lobule for core term, but also has 'set of mammary gland lobes'. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "acinus of mammary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "breast lobe" RELATED [BTO:0004718] synonym: "lactiferous acinus" EXACT [] synonym: "lactiferous gland lobule" EXACT [] synonym: "lactiferous lobule" EXACT [] synonym: "lobe of breast" RELATED [BTO:0004718] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland" RELATED [BTO:0004718] synonym: "lobi glandulae mammariae" RELATED [BTO:0004718] synonym: "lobule of mammary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus glandulae mammariae" RELATED [BTO:0004718] synonym: "mammary acinus" EXACT [] synonym: "mammary gland lobule" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004718 xref: FMA:62090 xref: MA:0000793 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001913 name: milk def: "Secretion produced by the mammary gland.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Breast_milk] comment: AO notes: ncit:Milk refers specifically to cow milk subset: uberon_slim synonym: "mammary gland milk" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000868 xref: ENVO:02000031 xref: EV:0100126 xref: FMA:62100 xref: GAID:1230 xref: galen:Milk xref: MA:0002552 xref: MAT:0000056 xref: MESH:A.13.622 xref: MIAA:0000056 xref: ncithesaurus:Breast_Fluid_or_Secretion xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjGZJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0001263 is_a: UBERON:0006539 ! mammary gland fluid/secretion relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland property_value: homology_notes "The detailed similarities of mammary glands in living monotremes, marsupials, and eutherians argue for a monophyletic origin of these glands, perhaps by the combination of parts of preexisting sebaceous and sweat glands.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001263", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.224", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001914 name: colostrum def: "The thin, yellow, serous fluid secreted by the mammary glands during pregnancy and immediately postpartum before lactation begins. It consists of immunologically active substances, white blood cells, water, protein, fat, and carbohydrates." [MESH:A.12.200.194, Wikipedia:Colostrum] comment: AO notes: we follow in MA in making this is a sib of mammary gland milk, rather than a subclass. subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0000276 xref: FMA:62101 xref: GAID:1159 xref: MA:0002551 xref: MESH:A.12.200.194 xref: ncithesaurus:Colostrum is_a: UBERON:0006539 ! mammary gland fluid/secretion relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0001915 name: endothelium of capillary def: "An endothelium that is part of a capillary [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "blood capillary endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary endothelium" EXACT [] synonym: "capillary vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004954 xref: FMA:62114 xref: MA:0000711 xref: ncithesaurus:Capillary_Endothelium is_a: UBERON:0004638 ! blood vessel endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001982 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001982 ! capillary relationship: part_of UBERON:0001982 ! capillary [Term] id: UBERON:0001916 name: endothelium of arteriole def: "An endothelium that is part of an arteriole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "arteriole endothelium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62115 xref: MA:0000705 xref: ncithesaurus:Arteriole_Endothelium is_a: UBERON:0001917 ! endothelium of artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001980 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole relationship: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole [Term] id: UBERON:0001917 name: endothelium of artery def: "An endothelium that is part of an artery [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "arterial endothelium" EXACT [] synonym: "artery endothelium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011013 xref: BTO:0004757 xref: FMA:62116 xref: MA:0000707 xref: ncithesaurus:Artery_Endothelium xref: VHOG:0001215 xref: XAO:0000357 is_a: UBERON:0003915 ! endothelial tube is_a: UBERON:0004638 ! blood vessel endothelium is_a: UBERON:0004700 ! arterial system endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery property_value: external_definition "The endothelium is the thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011013", ontology="AAO", source="XAO:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrates and a very few invertebrates such as squids have evolved a secondary epithelium, the endothelium, that lines their blood vessels.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001215", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030259821 Ruppert EE, Fox RS, Barnes RD, Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach (2003) p.207", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001918 name: endothelium of venule def: "An endothelium that is part of a venule [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "venule endothelium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62117 xref: MA:0000716 xref: ncithesaurus:Venule_Endothelium is_a: UBERON:0004638 ! blood vessel endothelium is_a: UBERON:0004701 ! venous system endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001979 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001979 ! venule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001979 ! venule [Term] id: UBERON:0001919 name: endothelium of vein def: "An endothelium that is part of a vein [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "vein endothelium" EXACT [] synonym: "veinous endothelium" RELATED [VHOG:0001216] synonym: "venous endothelium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011110 xref: BTO:0004756 xref: FMA:62118 xref: MA:0000712 xref: ncithesaurus:Vein_Endothelium xref: VHOG:0001216 xref: XAO:0000358 is_a: UBERON:0004638 ! blood vessel endothelium is_a: UBERON:0004701 ! venous system endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrates and a very few invertebrates such as squids have evolved a secondary epithelium, the endothelium, that lines their blood vessels.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001216", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030259821 Ruppert EE, Fox RS, Barnes RD, Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach (2003) p.207", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001920 name: paraventricular nucleus of thalamus def: "The nucleus paraventricularis anterior thalami and nuclues paraventricularis posterior thalami, two of the nuclei mediani thalami; they are situated on the dorsomedial wall of the thalamus, juxtaposed to the third ventricle." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei paraventriculares thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62152, FMA:TA] synonym: "paraventricular gray" EXACT [] synonym: "paraventricular nuclei" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "paraventricular nuclei of thalamus" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "paraventricular thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PVT xref: BM:Die-Th-Pa xref: BTO:0002460 xref: FMA:62152 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ef/PVNss.jpg/200px-PVNss.jpg xref: MA:0000866 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_764 xref: SCTID:369163000 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002705 {source="FMA"} ! midline nuclear group property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002992 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001921 name: reuniens nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "medioventral nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus reuniens" EXACT [] synonym: "reuniens thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002459 xref: FMA:62153 xref: MA:0000865 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_770 xref: SCTID:369164006 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0001922 name: parafascicular nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "nuclei parafasciculares thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "nucleus parafascicularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "nucleus parafascicularis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "nucleus parafascicularis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "parafascicular nucleus (vogt)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "parafascicular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952] synonym: "parafascicular thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PF xref: BM:Die-Th-Pf xref: EV:0100202 xref: FMA:62166 xref: MA:0000874 xref: ncithesaurus:Parafascicular_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_952 xref: SCTID:279150008 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002733 {source="FMA"} ! intralaminar nuclear group property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001923 name: central medial nucleus def: "a small cell group in the interthalamic adhesion of the thalamus that occupy the midline region of the internal medullary lamina, between the left and right paracentral nuclei." [MP:0008929] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "central medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "central medial nucleus thalamus (rioch 1928)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971] synonym: "central medial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus centralis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971] synonym: "nucleus centralis medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971] xref: ABA:CM xref: BM:Die-CeM xref: BTO:0003753 xref: FMA:62171 xref: MA:0000872 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_971 xref: SCTID:279161000 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001924 name: paracentral nucleus def: "one of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, located medial to the central lateral nucleus." [MP:0008928] comment: todo - relationships synonym: "nucleus centralis lateralis superior (kusama)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981] synonym: "nucleus paracentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981] synonym: "nucleus paracentral thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981] synonym: "nucleus paracentralis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62172, FMA:TA] synonym: "paracentral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "paracentral nucleus thalamus (gurdjian 1927)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981] synonym: "paracentral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PCN xref: BM:Die-Th-Pc xref: EV:0100204 xref: FMA:62172 xref: MA:0000873 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_981 xref: SCTID:279152000 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002733 {source="FMA"} ! intralaminar nuclear group property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001925 name: ventral lateral nucleus def: "The ventral lateral nucleus (VL) is a nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_lateral_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "nuclei ventrales laterales thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002463] synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "nucleus ventralis thalami lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "nucleus ventrolateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "ventral lateral complex of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral lateral nuclei of thalamus" RELATED [BTO:0002463] synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237] synonym: "ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventrolateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: BM:Die-Th-VL xref: BTO:0002463 xref: FMA:62186 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: ncithesaurus:Ventrolateral_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1237 xref: SCTID:279146001 xref: TAO:0000306 xref: ZFA:0000306 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0001926 name: lateral geniculate body def: "The lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary processor of visual information received from the retina[GO]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_geniculate_body] comment: Note that BTO has distinct classes for body and nucleus, but other sources treat as identical subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus geniculatum externum" RELATED [BTO:0004367] synonym: "corpus geniculatum laterales" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1662] synonym: "external geniculate body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_geniculate_nucleus] synonym: "lateral geniculate complex" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral geniculate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1662] xref: BTO:0004366 xref: BTO:0004367 xref: EFO:0001988 xref: EV:0100219 xref: FMA:62209 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray719.png/200px-Gray719.png xref: MA:0000869 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Geniculate_Body xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1662 xref: SCTID:362377006 is_a: UBERON:0007692 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002704 {source="FMA"} ! metathalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0001927 name: medial geniculate body def: "The Medial Geniculate Nucleus (MGN) or Medial Geniculate Body (MGB) is part of the auditory thalamus and represents the thalamic relay between the inferior colliculus (IC) and the auditory cortex (AC). It is made up of a number of sub-nuclei that are distinguished by their neuronal morphology and density, by their afferent and efferent connections, and by the coding properties of their neurons. It is thought that the MGB influences the direction and maintenance of attention. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_geniculate_body] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus geniculatum mediale" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1670] synonym: "internal geniculate body" RELATED [ncithesaurus:Internal_Geniculate_Body] synonym: "medial geniculate complex" EXACT [] synonym: "medial geniculate nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "MGB" RELATED [BTO:0002674] synonym: "nuclei corporis geniculati medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62211, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:MG xref: BM:Die-Th-MG xref: BTO:0002674 xref: EFO:0001968 xref: EV:0100218 xref: FMA:62211 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MA:0000870 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Geniculate_Body xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1670 xref: SCTID:362378001 is_a: UBERON:0007692 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002704 {source="FMA"} ! metathalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002479 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001928 name: preoptic area def: "Area of the forebrain anterior to the posterior tuberculum and the hypothalamus and ventral to the ventral thalamus[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "area hypothalamica rostralis" RELATED [BTO:0001796] synonym: "area praeoptica" RELATED [] synonym: "area preoptica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area] synonym: "area preoptica" RELATED [] synonym: "preoptic hypothalamic area" RELATED [BTO:0001796] synonym: "preoptic hypothalamic region" RELATED [BTO:0001796] synonym: "preoptic nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "preoptic region" RELATED [] synonym: "preoptic region of hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "regio hypothalamica anterior" RELATED [BTO:0001796] xref: BM:Die-Hy-POA xref: BTO:0001796 xref: EFO:0002523 xref: FMA:62313 xref: GAID:644 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.342.450 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1706 xref: SCTID:362382004 xref: TAO:0000470 xref: ZFA:0000470 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "Area of the forebrain anterior to the posterior tuberculum and the hypothalamus and ventral to the ventral thalamus. See Figure 7, Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000470", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001929 name: supraoptic nucleus def: "The supraoptic nucleus (SON) is a nucleus of magnocellular neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus of the mammalian brain. The nucleus is situated at the base of the brain, adjacent to the optic chiasm. In humans, it contains about 3,000 neurons. [WP,unvetted]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3474225&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Supraoptic_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus supraopticus" EXACT [BTO:0002697] synonym: "nucleus supraopticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Supraoptic_nucleus] synonym: "supra-optic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SO xref: BM:Die-Hy-SON xref: BTO:0002697 xref: EFO:0002476 xref: EV:0100227 xref: FMA:62317 xref: GAID:646 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/SONss.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d7/SONss.jpg/200px-SONss.jpg xref: MA:0000849 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.342.650 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1411 xref: SCTID:369130007 is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002271 {source="MA", source="ABA"} ! periventricular zone of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002550 {source="FMA"} ! anterior hypothalamic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001930 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001932 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001930 name: paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus def: "The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a neuronal nucleus in the hypothalamus. It contains multiple subpopulations of neurons that are activated by a variety of stressful and/or physiological changes. Many PVH neurons project directly to the posterior pituitary where they release oxytocin or vasopressin into the general circulation. Other PVN neurons control various anterior pituitary functions, while still others directly regulate appetite and autonomic functions in the brainstem and spinal cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Paraventricular_nucleus_of_hypothalamus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "filiform nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nuclei paraventricularis hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paraventricular_nucleus_of_hypothalamus] synonym: "nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002476] synonym: "paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "paraventricular nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PVH xref: BM:Die-Hy-PAH xref: BTO:0002476 xref: EFO:0002469 xref: EV:0100229 xref: FMA:62320 xref: GAID:643 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/PVNss.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ef/PVNss.jpg/200px-PVNss.jpg xref: MA:0000848 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.342.400 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1407 xref: SCTID:369131006 is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002271 ! periventricular zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001929 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001932 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001931 name: lateral preoptic nucleus def: "The lateral preoptic nucleus is lateral to the medial preoptic nucleus. It also mediates non-REM sleep onset.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area#Lateral_preoptic_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral preoptic area" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral preoptic hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:LPO xref: BM:Die-Hy-LPO xref: FMA:62326 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000835 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1722 xref: SCTID:369129002 is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002273 ! lateral zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001932 name: arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus def: "The arcuate nucleus (or infundibular nucleus) is an aggregation of neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus, adjacent to the third ventricle and the median eminence. The arcuate nucleus includes several important populations of neurons, including: Neuroendocrine neurons, Centrally-projecting neurons and Others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Arcuate_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arcuate hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "arcuate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "arcuate nucleus-2" EXACT [] synonym: "arcuate periventricular nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "infundibular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "infundibular nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "infundibular periventricular nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus arcuatus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62329, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus arcuatus hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arcuate_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus arcuatus hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002473] synonym: "nucleus infundibularis" RELATED [BTO:0002473] synonym: "nucleus semilunaris" RELATED [BTO:0002473] xref: ABA:ARH xref: BM:HAr xref: BTO:0002473 xref: EV:0100230 xref: FMA:62329 xref: GAID:647 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000847 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.352.081 xref: ncithesaurus:Arcuate_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1638 is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002271 ! periventricular zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001929 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001930 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001933 name: retrochiasmatic area comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "retrochiasmatic region" EXACT [] xref: ABA:RCH xref: FMA:62330 xref: MA:0000841 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1569 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 ! medial zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002430 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001934 name: dorsomedial nucleus of hypothalamus def: "The Dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. It is involved in feeding, drinking, and body weight regulation. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsomedial_hypothalamic_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus of dorsal hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus of intermediate hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalamicae intermediae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsomedial_hypothalamic_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalamicae intermediae" RELATED [BTO:0002474] xref: ABA:DMH xref: BM:Die-Hy-DMH xref: BTO:0002474 xref: EV:0100232 xref: FMA:62331 xref: GAID:648 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000838 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.352.270 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1558 xref: SCTID:369134003 is_a: UBERON:0002951 ! regional part of intermediate hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {source="FMA"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 {source="MA"} ! medial zone of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002555 {source="FMA"} ! intermediate hypothalamic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001935 name: ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus def: "The ventromedial nucleus (sometimes referred to as the ventromedial hypothalamus) is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventromedial_hypothalamic_nucleus] comment: part of tuberal area in MA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002472] synonym: "ventrolateral hypothalamic nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002472] synonym: "ventrolateral nucleus of hypothalamus" RELATED [BTO:0002472] synonym: "ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus." RELATED [BTO:0002472] xref: ABA:VMH xref: BM:VMH xref: BTO:0002472 xref: EV:0100233 xref: FMA:62332 xref: GAID:650 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000845 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.352.953 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1572 xref: SCTID:369124007 is_a: UBERON:0002951 ! regional part of intermediate hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {source="FMA"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002555 {source="FMA"} ! intermediate hypothalamic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001936 name: tuberomammillary nucleus def: "The tuberomammillary nucleus is a subnucleus of the posterior third of the hypothalamus. It consists of, largely, histaminergic and is involved with the control of arousal, sleep and circadian rhythm. Axons of the tuberomammillary nucleus project primarily to the cerebral cortex, thalamus, basal ganglia, basal forebrain, and hypothalamus. The projections to the cerebral cortex directly increase cortical activation and arousal, and projections to acetylcholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and dorsal pons do so indirectly, by increasing the release of acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tuberomammillary_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caudal magnocellular nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271] synonym: "mammilloinfundibular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62335] synonym: "mammiloinfundibular nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271] synonym: "TM" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271] synonym: "tuberomamillary nucleus" RELATED DUBIOUS [EV:0100237] synonym: "tuberomammillary hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271] synonym: "tuberomammillary nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271] xref: ABA:TM xref: EV:0100237 xref: FMA:62335 xref: MA:0000853 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1271 xref: SCTID:369122006 is_a: UBERON:0002785 ! regional part of lateral hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0002789 ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 {source="MA"} ! mammillary body relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 {source="FMA"} ! lateral hypothalamic area property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001938 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001939 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001940 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001937 name: lateral hypothalamic nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: EV:0100234 xref: FMA:62337 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1199 xref: SCTID:360452004 xref: TAO:0000227 xref: ZFA:0000227 is_a: UBERON:0002785 ! regional part of lateral hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area [Term] id: UBERON:0001938 name: lateral mammillary nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lateral mammillary hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral nucleus of mammillary body" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus mammillaris lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62341, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:LM xref: EV:0100239 xref: FMA:62341 xref: MA:0000850 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1460 xref: SCTID:369143007 is_a: UBERON:0002789 ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001936 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001939 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001940 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001939 name: medial mammillary nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "internal mammillary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "medial nucleus of mammillary body" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus mammillaris medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62342, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:MM xref: EV:0100238 xref: FMA:62342 xref: MA:0000851 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1299 xref: SCTID:369141009 is_a: UBERON:0002789 ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001936 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001938 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001940 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001940 name: supramammillary nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: ABA:SUM xref: FMA:62347 xref: MA:0000852 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1479 xref: SCTID:369144001 is_a: UBERON:0002789 ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001936 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001938 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001939 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001941 name: lateral habenular nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lateral habenula" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus habenulae lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438] synonym: "nucleus habenularis lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438] synonym: "nucleus habenularis lateralis epithalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438] xref: ABA:LH xref: BM:Die-Epi-Hl xref: BTO:0002699 xref: FMA:62372 xref: MA:0000831 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1438 xref: SCTID:361538005 is_a: UBERON:0002757 ! regional part of epithalamus is_a: UBERON:0006569 ! diencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001905 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001942 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001942 name: medial habenular nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "medial habenula" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus habenulae medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431] synonym: "nucleus habenularis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431] synonym: "nucleus habenularis medialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431] synonym: "nucleus habenularis medialis epithalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431] xref: ABA:MH xref: BM:Die-Epi-HM xref: BTO:0003686 xref: FMA:62373 xref: MA:0000832 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1431 is_a: UBERON:0002757 ! regional part of epithalamus is_a: UBERON:0006569 ! diencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 ! habenula property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001905 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001941 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001943 name: midbrain tegmentum def: "Ventral part of the midbrain, separated from the hindbrain by the isthmus[ISBN10:0471888893]. Subdivision of the midbrain lying anterior to the tectum and posterior to the substantia nigra and cerebral peduncle[FMA] The part of the midbrain extending from the substantia nigra to the cerebral aqueduct in a horizontal section of the midbrain. It forms the floor of the midbrain that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct[WP]." [FMA:FMA, ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Midbrain_tegmentum] comment: 'tegmentum' is used generically for the ventral part of the brainstem (ISBN10:0471888893). We use the label 'midbrain tegmentum' to denote the midbrain structure. In NIFSTD tegmentum is a composite structure and there is a separate class for midbrain tegmentum and pontine tegmentum subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mesencephalic tegmentum" RELATED [VHOG:0001367] synonym: "tegmentum" BROAD [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "tegmentum mesencephali" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Midbrain_tegmentum] synonym: "tegmentum of midbrain" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003388 xref: EFO:0000921 xref: EHDAA2:0004475 xref: EMAPA:18215 xref: FMA:62393 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Gray712.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gray712.png/200px-Gray712.png xref: MA:0000212 xref: MAT:0000452 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1200 xref: SCTID:362392007 xref: TAO:0000160 xref: VHOG:0001367 xref: ZFA:0000160 is_a: UBERON:0002950 ! regional part of midbrain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010285 {source="ZFA"} ! midbrain basal plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem property_value: homology_notes "Together, our results reveal a shared basic organization in the tegmental domains of the diencephalon and midbrain of developing lamprey, indicating early appearance of the domain in vertebrate phylogeny.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001367", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.05.001 Villar-Cheda B, Abalo XM, Anadon R, Rodicio MC, The tegmental proliferation region in the sea lamprey. Brain Research Bulletin (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001944 name: pretectal region def: "Region between dorsal thalamus and optic tectum[pub]. It receives binocular sensory input from retinal ganglion cells of the eyes, and is the region responsible for maintaining the pupillary light reflex. [WP,unvetted]." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Pretectum] comment: part of diencephalon in ZFA - modify to adjacent here, supported by pub subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "area pretectalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62402, FMA:TA] synonym: "nuclei pretectales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62402, FMA:TA] synonym: "pretectal area" EXACT [] synonym: "pretectal nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "pretectum" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PRT xref: BM:MB-Tec-PT xref: FMA:62402 xref: MA:0001062 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_703 xref: SCTID:416333003 xref: TAO:0000418 xref: ZFA:0000418 is_a: UBERON:0011214 ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004703 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} ! dorsal thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 {source="FMA"} ! midbrain tectum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001945 name: superior colliculus def: "Part of the midbrain tectum consisting of paired bodies that sit caudal to the thalamus and surround the pineal gland in the mesencephalon of vertebrate brains. It comprises the rostral aspect of the midbrain, posterior to the periaqueductal gray and adjacent superior the inferior colliculus. The inferior and superior colliculi are known collectively as the corpora quadrigemina (Latin, quadruplet bodies). It consists of several identified cellular layers and also comprises the brachium of the superior colliculus and commissure of superior colliculus [Wikipedia.org and Neuronames (MM)]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1040, Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus] comment: The term SC is used when discussing mammals, and OT for other vertebrates[WP]. The tectum is a layered structure, with a number of layers that vary by species. The superficial layers are sensory-related, and receive input from the eyes as well as other sensory systems.[1] The optic tectum is one of the fundamental components of the vertebrate brain, existing across the full range of species from hagfish to human.[4] (See the brain article for background.) Some aspects of the structure are very consistent, including a structure composed of a number of layers, with a dense input from the optic nerve to the superficial layers and another strong input conveying somatosensory input to deeper layers. Other aspects are highly variable, such as the total number of layers (from 3 in the African lungfish to 15 in the goldfish[5]), and the number of different types of cells (from 2 in the lungfish to 27 in the house sparrow[5]). In hagfish, lamprey, and shark it is a relatively small structure, but in teleost fish it is greatly expanded, in some cases becoming the largest structure in the brain. (See the adjoining drawing of a codfish brain.) In amphibians, reptiles, and especially birds it is also a very significant component, but in mammals it is dwarfed by the massive expansion of the cerebral cortex. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior colliculus" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [] synonym: "corpora bigemina" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial colliculus" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal midbrain" RELATED [] synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED [] synonym: "optic tectum" EXACT SENSU [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus, ZFA:0000445] synonym: "optic tectum" RELATED [] synonym: "tectal lobe" RELATED [] synonym: "tectum" RELATED [] synonym: "tectum opticum" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010609 xref: BM:MB-Tec-SC xref: BTO:0000965 xref: EFO:0002474 xref: EV:0100245 xref: FMA:62403 xref: GAID:576 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0001068 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659.237.816 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1040 xref: TAO:0000445 xref: XAO:0003226 xref: ZFA:0000445 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum is_a: UBERON:0006794 ! visual processing part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002259 ! corpora quadrigemina property_value: external_definition "The brain structure where the two separate inputs from the two eyes are combined into a single, integrated map.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010609", ontology="AAO", source="PMID:17952453"} property_value: external_definition "The roof of the midbrain, morphologically visible by the end of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000445", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001946 name: inferior colliculus def: "The inferior colliculi together with the superior colliculi form the eminences of the corpora quadrigemina, and also part of the tectal region of the midbrain. The inferior colliculus lies caudal to its counterpart - the superior colliculus - above the trochlear nerve, and at the base of the projection of the medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) and the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). The inferior colliculus is the principal midbrain nucleus of the auditory pathway and receives input from several more peripheral brainstem nuclei in the auditory pathway, as well as inputs from the auditory cortex. The inferior colliculus has three subnuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_colliculus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caudal colliculus" EXACT [] synonym: "colliculus inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_colliculus] synonym: "inferior colliculi" EXACT PLURAL [EV:0100246] synonym: "posterior colliculus" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [] xref: ABA:IC xref: EFO:0002465 xref: EV:0100246 xref: FMA:62404 xref: GAID:575 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray711.png xref: MA:0001067 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659.237.364 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_806 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002259 ! corpora quadrigemina [Term] id: UBERON:0001947 name: red nucleus def: "The red nucleus is a structure in the rostral midbrain involved in motor coordination. It comprises a caudal magnocellular and a rostral parvocellular part. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Red_nucleus] comment: Function notes: in animals without a significant corticospinal tract, gait is mainly controlled by the red nucleus. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus ruber" EXACT [TAO:0000552] synonym: "nucleus ruber" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Red_nucleus] xref: ABA:RN xref: BM:MB-RN xref: EHDAA2:0004706 xref: EV:0100248 xref: FMA:62407 xref: GAID:586 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0001063 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659.822.642 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1478 xref: SCTID:279287006 xref: TAO:0000552 xref: ZFA:0000552 is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="FMA"} ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001948 name: regional part of spinal cord subset: non_informative synonym: "spinal cord part" RELATED [] xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Part xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1496 xref: SCTID:244437008 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0001949 name: gingival epithelium def: "A stratified squamous epithelium consisting of a basal layer; it is keratinized or parakeratinized[BTO]." [BTO:0004998] synonym: "epithelial tissue of gingiva" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of gingiva" EXACT [] synonym: "gingiva epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gingiva epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004998 xref: FMA:62423 xref: MA:0001576 xref: ncithesaurus:Gingival_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000486 ! multilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001828 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva relationship: part_of UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva [Term] id: UBERON:0001950 name: neocortex def: "The neocortex is a part of the brain of mammals. It is the outer layer of the cerebral hemispheres, and made up of six layers, labelled I to VI (with VI being the innermost and I being the outermost). The neocortex is part of the cerebral cortex (along with the archicortex and paleocortex, which are cortical parts of the limbic system). It is involved in higher functions such as sensory perception, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning, conscious thought and, in humans, language. Other names for the neocortex include neopallium and isocortex ('equal rind'). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Neocortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebral neocortex" EXACT [] synonym: "homogenetic cortex" EXACT DEPRECATED [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "homotypical cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2547] synonym: "isocortex" EXACT [] synonym: "isocortex (sensu lato)" EXACT [FMA:62429] synonym: "neopallial cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "neopallium" EXACT [] synonym: "nonolfactory cortex" RELATED [BTO:0000920] xref: ABA:Isocortex xref: BTO:0000920 xref: EHDAA2:0004662 xref: FMA:62429 xref: GAID:677 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Neocortex.jpg xref: MA:0002754 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.420 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2547 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002264 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002421 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001951 name: epithelium of nasopharynx alt_id: UBERON:0003237 def: "An epithelium that is part of a nasopharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "epithelial tissue of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal part of pharynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal part of pharynx epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasopharynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasopharynx epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "rhinopharynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhinopharynx epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004480 xref: EHDAA2:0001241 xref: EHDAA:7090 xref: EMAPA:17672 xref: FMA:62452 xref: MA:0001865 xref: ncithesaurus:Nasopharynx_Epithelium xref: VHOG:0001038 is_a: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003351 ! pharyngeal epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004814 ! upper respiratory tract epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 {source="EHDAA2"} ! gut epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0001952 name: epithelium of oropharynx def: "An epithelium that is part of a oropharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "oropharynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oropharynx epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001605] xref: EHDAA2:0004083 xref: FMA:62453 xref: MA:0001605 xref: ncithesaurus:Oropharynx_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000486 ! multilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003351 ! pharyngeal epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004808 ! gastrointestinal system epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 {source="EHDAA2"} ! gut epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0001953 name: presubiculum def: "Area 27 of Brodmann-1909 is a cytoarchitecturally defined cortical area that is a rostral part of the parahippocampal gyrus of the guenon (Brodmann-1909). It is commonly regarded as a synonym of presubiculum (Crosby-62). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_27] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "area 27 of Brodmann" EXACT [] synonym: "Brodmann area 27" EXACT [] synonym: "presubiculum (cajal)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1108] xref: ABA:PRE xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PSB xref: FMA:62486 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Brodmann_Cytoarchitectonics_27.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Brodmann_Cytoarchitectonics_27.png/200px-Brodmann_Cytoarchitectonics_27.png xref: MA:0000923 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1108 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002191 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002728 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004683 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001954 name: Ammon's horn alt_id: UBERON:0003940 alt_id: UBERON:0004165 def: "A paired structure, with mirror-image halves in the left and right sides of the brain. The hippocampus is closely associated with the cerebral cortex, and in primates is located in the medial temporal lobe, underneath the cortical surface. It is shaped like a curved tube[WP]." [Wikipedia:Hippocampus] comment: WP: Non-mammalian species do not have a brain structure that looks like the mammalian hippocampus, but they have one that is considered homologous to it. The hippocampus, as pointed out above, is essentially the medial edge of the cortex. Only mammals have a fully developed cortex, but the structure it evolved from, called the pallium, is present in all vertebrates, even the most primitive ones such as the lamprey or hagfish.[82] The pallium is usually divided into three zones: medial, lateral, and dorsal. The medial pallium forms the precursor of the hippocampus. It does not resemble the hippocampus visually, because the layers are not warped into an S shape or enwrapped by the dentate gyrus, but the homology is indicated by strong chemical and functional affinities. There is now evidence that these hippocampal-like structures are involved in spatial cognition in birds, reptiles, and fish. In birds, the correspondence is sufficiently well established that most anatomists refer to the medial pallial zone as the "avian hippocampus". The story for fish is more complex. In teleost fish (which make up the great majority of existing species), the forebrain is distorted in comparison to other types of vertebrates: most neuroanatomists believe that the teleost forebrain is essentially everted, like a sock turned inside-out, so that structures that lie in the interior, next to the ventricles, for most vertebrates, are found on the outside in teleost fish, and vice versa.[86] One of the consequences of this is that the medial pallium ("hippocampal" zone) of a typical vertebrate is thought to correspond to the lateral pallium of a typical fish. Several types of fish (particularly goldfish) have been shown experimentally to have strong spatial memory abilities, even forming "cognitive maps" of the areas they inhabit.[80] There is evidence that damage to the lateral pallium impairs spatial memory. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ammon gyrus" EXACT [GO:0021541] synonym: "ammon horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_721] synonym: "Ammon's horn" EXACT [GO:0021541] synonym: "cornu ammonis" RELATED [GO:0021541] synonym: "hippocampus" RELATED [MA:0000191] synonym: "hippocampus major" EXACT [] synonym: "hippocampus proper" EXACT [] synonym: "hippocampus proprius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62493, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:CA xref: BM:Tel-CAM xref: BTO:0003705 xref: EFO:0000530 xref: EHDAA2:0004443 xref: EMAPA:19039 xref: EMAPA:19148 xref: EV:0100180 xref: FMA:62493 xref: GAID:623 xref: http://scalablebrainatlas.incf.org/services/thumbnail.php?template=ABA07&size=L&dim=2d3d&format=png®ion=CA xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Gray739-emphasizing-hippocampus.png xref: MA:0000191 xref: MAT:0000114 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.405 xref: MIAA:0000114 xref: ncithesaurus:Cornu_Ammonis xref: ncithesaurus:Hippocampus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_721 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv3piFJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361561007 xref: VHOG:0001177 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 {source="FMA"} ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002421 {source="ABA"} ! hippocampal formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002600 {source="FMA"} ! limbic lobe property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001885 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002601 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001955 name: epithelium of respiratory bronchiole def: "An epithelium that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of respiratory bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory bronchiole epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory bronchiole epithelium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62498 xref: MA:0001773 xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_Bronchiole_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0002051 ! epithelium of bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002188 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0001956 name: cartilage of bronchus def: "the hyaline cartilaginous structures that support the bronchi, present as irregular rings in the larger bronchi (and not as regular as in the trachea), and as small plates and islands in the smaller bronchi; as the branching continues through the bronchial tree, the amount of hyaline cartilage in the walls decreases until it is absent in the smallest bronchioles[MP]." [MP:0010988] synonym: "bronchi cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchial cartilage ring" EXACT [MP:0010988] synonym: "bronchial trunk cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "cartilage of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilagines bronchiales" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: FMA:62649 xref: MA:0001835 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Cartilage xref: SCTID:278980009 is_a: UBERON:0001994 {source="MP"} ! hyaline cartilage is_a: UBERON:0003592 ! bronchus connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003603 ! lower respiratory tract cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0001957 name: submucosa of bronchus def: "A submucosa that is part of a bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "bronchi submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchial trunk submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "submucosa of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0002108 xref: FMA:62653 xref: MA:0001837 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Submucosa xref: SCTID:85546005 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004777 ! respiratory system submucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0001958 name: epithelium of terminal bronchiole def: "An epithelium that is part of a terminal bronchiole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of terminal bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal bronchiole epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal bronchiole epithelium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62794 xref: MA:0001774 xref: ncithesaurus:Terminal_Bronchiole_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0002051 ! epithelium of bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002187 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0001959 name: white pulp of spleen def: "The white pulp contains T cells, B cells and accessory cells. The function of the white pulp is to mount an immunological response to antigens within the blood. The white pulp is present in the form of a periarteriolar lymphoid sheath. This sheath contains B cell follicles and T cells. At the edge of the T zone is a region known as the marginal zone where larger lymphocytes and antigen presenting dendritic cells are located." [Wikipedia:White_pulp] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "noduli lymphoidei splenici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:White_pulp] synonym: "pulpa alba" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62805, FMA:TA] synonym: "spleen white pulp" EXACT [] synonym: "splenic white pulp" EXACT [] synonym: "white pulp" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62805 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray1191.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Gray1191.png/200px-Gray1191.png xref: MA:0000762 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_White_Pulp is_a: UBERON:1000023 ! spleen pulp [Term] id: UBERON:0001960 name: periarterial lymphatic sheath def: "the area of the spleen in which T cells surround the central arteriole" [MP:0002358] comment: AO notes: FMA distinguishes periarterial (PALS) from periarteriolar (FMA:62806) synonym: "PALS" EXACT [MP:0002358] synonym: "periarterial lymphoid sheath" EXACT [] synonym: "periarteriolar sheath" EXACT [MP:0002358] synonym: "spleen periarteriolar lymphatic sheath" EXACT [] synonym: "splenic periarteriolar lymphoid sheath" RELATED [MP:0002358] synonym: "T cell domain of the splenic white pulp" EXACT [MP:0002358] xref: FMA:62810 xref: MA:0000765 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010393 ! T cell domain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001959 intersection_of: UBERON:0010393 ! T cell domain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0001961 name: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue def: "diffuse system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various sites of the body such as the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eye, and skin[WP]. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes[GO]." [Wikipedia:Mucosa-associated_lymphoid_tissue] comment: Editor notes: todo - add part relationships to specific layers subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epithelio-lymphoid tissue" EXACT [FMA:62819] synonym: "MALT" EXACT [] synonym: "mucosa associated lymphatic tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "mucosa associated lymphoid tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue" EXACT [GO:0048537] synonym: "mucosal-associated lymphatic tissue" EXACT [GO:0048537] synonym: "mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue" EXACT [GO:0048537] xref: FMA:62819 xref: MA:0000140 xref: ncithesaurus:Mucosa-Associated_Lymphoid_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0012069 {source="FMA"} ! epithelium-associated lymphoid tissue relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0001962 name: gut-associated lymphoid tissue def: "Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in digestive tract. includes Peyer's patches, appendix, and solitary lymph nodules[GO]." [Wikipedia:Gut-associated_lymphoid_tissue] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "GALT" RELATED [] synonym: "gut associated lymphoid tissue" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62820 xref: MA:0000136 xref: ncithesaurus:Gut_Associated_Lymphoid_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0001961 ! mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 intersection_of: UBERON:0001961 ! mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0001963 name: bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue def: "A diffuse collection of lymphpoid cells that participate in airway immune responses" [ISBN10:0123813611] comment: Lymphoid tissue associated with airways in mice has functional similarities to human BALT[ISBN10:0123813611] Notes: FMA classifies this as organized, not diffuse synonym: "BALT" RELATED [] synonym: "bronchus associated lymphoid tissue" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62821 xref: MA:0000135 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus-Associated_Lymphoid_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0001961 ! mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0001961 ! mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001957 {source="ISBN10:0123813611"} ! submucosa of bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0001964 name: least splanchnic nerve def: "Thoracic splanchnic nerves are splanchnic nerves that arise from the sympathetic trunk in the thorax and travel inferiorly to provide sympathetic innervation to the abdomen. The nerves contain preganglionic sympathetic and visceral afferent fibers. There are three main thoracic splanchnic nerves: The nerve's origins can be remembered by the '4-3-2 rule', accounting for the number of ganglia giving rise to each nerve. However, different sources define the nerves in different ways, so this rule may not always be reliable. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_splanchnic_nerves] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "least thoracic splanchnic nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "lowest splanchnic nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nervus splanchnicus imus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6283, FMA:TA] synonym: "ramus renalis nervus splanchnici minoris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6283, FMA:TA] synonym: "renal branch of lesser splanchnic nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "renal nerve" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:29691 xref: FMA:6283 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0002635 xref: SCTID:280506004 is_a: UBERON:0003429 ! abdomen nerve is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 {source="MA"} ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0001965 name: substantia nigra pars compacta def: "Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of a densely packed region of cells, more or less dorsal to the pars reticulata, but extending into the pars reticulata in some species. The dominant neurotransmitter used by pars compacta neurons is dopamine. Pars compacta neurons are pigmented in many species (MM)[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990, Wikipedia:Substantia_nigra_pars_compacta] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "compact part of substantia nigra" EXACT [] synonym: "pars compacta" EXACT [] synonym: "pars compacta substantiae nigrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62907, FMA:TA] synonym: "SNpc" EXACT [] synonym: "substantia nigra compact part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990] synonym: "substantia nigra compacta" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990] synonym: "substantia nigra, compact part" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SNc xref: BM:MB-SNc xref: BTO:0003749 xref: FMA:62907 xref: MA:0001064 xref: ncithesaurus:Pars_Compacta xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_990 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002142 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007412 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001966 name: substantia nigra pars reticulata def: "Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of loosely packed cells, generally located ventral and lateral to the pars compacta. Many cells in this region use GABA as a neurotransmitter (MM)[NLex]." [Neurolex:Substantia_nigra_pars_reticulata, Wikipedia:Pars_reticulata] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars reticularis substantiae nigrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62908, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars reticulata" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular part of substantia nigra" EXACT [] synonym: "substantia nigra, reticular part" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SNr xref: BM:MB-SNr xref: BTO:0003750 xref: FMA:62908 xref: MA:0001066 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_968 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001967 name: reticular lamina def: "a thin extracellular layer that sometimes lies below the basal lamina, is composed chiefly of collagenous fibers, and serves to anchor the basal lamina to underlying connective tissue." [http://mw1.merriam-webster.com/medical/reticular%20lamina, Wikipedia:Reticular_lamina] comment: todo - use GO? subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular membrane" RELATED [] xref: FMA:62924 is_a: UBERON:0005764 {source="FMA"} ! acellular membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0005769 {source="FMA"} ! basement membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0001968 name: semen def: "Body substance which consists of spermatozoa and seminal plasma.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Semen] comment: Taxon notes: Note that in this ontology, semen is defined as the sum of sperm and seminal fluid, where seminal fluid is defined a taxonomically generic way (see comments for UBERON:0006530). subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001230 xref: FMA:62966 xref: GAID:1169 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Human_semen_in_petri_dish2.jpg/180px-Human_semen_in_petri_dish2.jpg xref: MA:0002522 xref: MESH:A.12.200.732 xref: ncithesaurus:Male_Genital_System_Fluid_or_Secretion xref: ncithesaurus:Semen xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvgC-zpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: has_part UBERON:0006530 ! seminal fluid [Term] id: UBERON:0001969 name: blood plasma def: "Body substance in liquid state contained in the lumen of arterial and venous trees, blood capillary and the cardiac chambers; constitutes the liquid phase of blood.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Blood_plasma] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "plasma" EXACT [] synonym: "portion of blood plasma" EXACT [] synonym: "portion of plasma" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000131 xref: EFO:0001905 xref: FMA:62970 xref: GAID:1178 xref: MA:0002501 xref: MAT:0000052 xref: MESH:A.12.207.152.693 xref: MIAA:0000052 xref: ncithesaurus:Plasma xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rEg4ZYrIbEduAAAAOpmP6tw is_a: UBERON:0000179 ! haemolymphatic fluid relationship: part_of UBERON:0000178 ! blood [Term] id: UBERON:0001970 name: bile def: "a bitter-tasting, dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver of most vertebrates, that aids the process of digestion of lipids in the small intestine. In many species, bile is stored in the gallbladder and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum. Bile is a composition of the following materials: water (85%), bile salts (10%), mucus and pigments (3%), fats (1%), inorganic salts (0.7%) and cholesterol (0.3%)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bile] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fel" RELATED [BTO:0000121] synonym: "gall" RELATED [BTO:0000121] xref: BTO:0000121 xref: ENVO:02000023 xref: FMA:62971 xref: GAID:1157 xref: galen:Bile xref: MA:0002513 xref: MESH:A.12.200.087 xref: ncithesaurus:Bile is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion [Term] id: UBERON:0001971 name: gastric juice def: "." [Wikipedia:Gastric_juice] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "stomach secretion" EXACT [] synonym: "succus gastricus" RELATED [BTO:0000501] xref: BTO:0000501 xref: FMA:62972 xref: GAID:1160 xref: galen:GastricJuice xref: MA:0002519 xref: MESH:A.12.200.307 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion [Term] id: UBERON:0001972 name: submucosa of esophagus def: "A submucosa that is part of a esophagus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophageal submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "esophagus submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "gullet submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of esophagus" EXACT [] synonym: "submucosa of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tela submucosa esophagi" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002109] synonym: "tela submucosa oesophageae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62997, FMA:TA] synonym: "tela submucosa of esophagus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002109 xref: FMA:62997 xref: MA:0002724 xref: SCTID:362128009 is_a: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0001973 name: substance of tooth def: "Body substance in solid state produced by odontoblasts, amyloblasts or cementoblasts.[FMA]" [FMA:63001] comment: note the asserted dual parentage. This is deliberate, pending better definitions of the distinction between substance and tissue subset: uberon_slim synonym: "portion of substance of tooth" EXACT [FMA:63001] synonym: "tooth substance" EXACT [] xref: FMA:63001 xref: MA:0002540 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0001974 name: lamina propria of esophagus def: "A lamina propria that is part of a esophagus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "esophagus lamina propria" EXACT [] synonym: "esophagus lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophagus lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of esophagus" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus lamina propria" RELATED [] synonym: "oesophagus lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:26987 xref: EMAPA:27003 xref: FMA:63050 xref: MA:0001568 xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Lamina_Propria is_a: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002469 ! esophagus mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0001975 name: serosa of esophagus def: "A serous membrane that is part of a esophagus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "esophagus serosa" EXACT [] synonym: "esophagus serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus serosa" RELATED [] synonym: "oesophagus serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of abdominal part of esophagus" EXACT [] synonym: "serosa of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of oesophagus" EXACT [] synonym: "serous coat of oesophagus" EXACT [] synonym: "serous membrane of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica serosa oesophageae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:63057, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:63057 xref: MA:0001571 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0001976 name: epithelium of esophagus comment: todo check epithelium types: in FMA: Nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium; mouse has basal and squamous subtypes; in ZFA it is columnar subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelial tissue of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophageal epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "esophagus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophagus epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "gullet epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus epithelium" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001578 xref: EFO:0003041 xref: EHDAA2:0001287 xref: EMAPA:16835 xref: FMA:63063 xref: MA:0001565 xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Epithelium xref: TAO:0001499 xref: ZFA:0001499 is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002469 {source="FMA"} ! esophagus mucosa property_value: external_definition "Simple columnar epithelium that lines the esophagus. Chen et al, 2007.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001499", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001977 name: serum def: "Body substance derived from plasma by the elimination of fibrinogen.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Serum] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "blood serum" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000133 xref: BTO:0001239 xref: FMA:63083 xref: MA:0002502 xref: ncithesaurus:Serum is_a: UBERON:0000179 ! haemolymphatic fluid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001969 ! blood plasma [Term] id: UBERON:0001978 name: parenchyma of pancreas comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "pancreas parenchyma" EXACT [] synonym: "pancreatic parenchyma" EXACT [] xref: FMA:63120 xref: MA:0000724 xref: SCTID:371401008 xref: VHOG:0001430 is_a: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0001979 name: venule def: "Subdivision of venous tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the capillary vessel." [Wikipedia:Venule] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "venula" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Venule] xref: BTO:0002626 xref: FMA:63130 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Illu_capillary.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Illu_capillary.jpg/200px-Illu_capillary.jpg xref: MA:0000071 xref: MESH:A.07.231.432.952 xref: ncithesaurus:Venule xref: SCTID:341687009 xref: TAO:0005315 xref: VHOG:0001765 xref: ZFA:0005315 is_a: UBERON:0003920 ! venous blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature formed by the anastomosis of capillaries. Venules carry blood toward the heart.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005315", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001980 name: arteriole def: "the smallest division of the artery located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries[GO]. Subdivision of arterial tree (organ) which is directly continuous with capillary vessel[FMA]." [FMA:63182, GO:0014830, Wikipedia:Arteriole] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteriola" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arteriole] xref: AAO:0010253 xref: BTO:0001997 xref: FMA:63182 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Illu_capillary.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Illu_capillary.jpg/200px-Illu_capillary.jpg xref: MA:0000063 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.060 xref: ncithesaurus:Arteriole xref: SCTID:337724002 xref: TAO:0002138 xref: VHOG:0001763 xref: ZFA:0005255 is_a: UBERON:0003509 ! arterial blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure part of the blood vasculature, feeds into capillaries. Arterioles carry blood away from the heart.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002138", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Small, terminal branch of an artery which generally connects to capillaries.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010253", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001981 name: blood vessel def: "A vessel through which blood circulates in the body." [BTO:0001102, Wikipedia:Blood_vessel] comment: note that FMA:63183 Blood vessel is categorized as 'general anatomical term'. Suggestion to map to region of vascular tree from Terry H at JAX. Taxon notes: annelids have blood vessels, but this class is not applicable to annelids. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "region of vascular tree organ" EXACT [FMA:50722] synonym: "vas sanguineum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Blood_vessel] synonym: "vascular tree organ region" EXACT [FMA:50722] xref: AAO:0011004 xref: AEO:0000207 xref: BTO:0001102 xref: EFO:0000817 xref: EHDAA2:0003252 xref: EHDAA:240 xref: FMA:50722 xref: FMA:63183 xref: GAID:169 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg/200px-Circulatory_System_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000060 xref: MAT:0000393 xref: MESH:A.07.231 xref: ncithesaurus:Blood_Vessel xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090901 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjxlpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361097006 xref: TAO:0002137 xref: VHOG:0001250 xref: XAO:0001011 xref: ZFA:0005314 is_a: UBERON:0000055 ! vessel is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007500 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial tube open at both ends relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004872 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006965 {source="GO:0072360"} ! vascular cord relationship: has_part UBERON:0000178 ! blood relationship: part_of UBERON:0004537 ! blood vasculature property_value: external_definition "Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body. [XAO:0001011_][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001250", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Any of the vessels through which blood circulates in the body.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011004", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001250", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1196/annals.1341.002 Bishopric NH, Evolution of the heart from bacteria to man. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001982 name: capillary def: "Microvessel of the blood circulation system lined with vascular endothelial cells[ZFA]. Any of the smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules." [NLM:capillary, Wikipedia:Capillary] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "blood capillary" EXACT [] synonym: "capillary vessel" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010252 xref: BTO:0002045 xref: EFO:0001906 xref: EMAPA:28039 xref: EMAPA:28075 xref: EV:0100035 xref: FMA:63194 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/A_red_blood_cell_in_a_capillary\,_pancreatic_tissue_-_TEM.jpg xref: MA:0000065 xref: MESH:A.07.231.432.410 xref: ncithesaurus:Capillary xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090902 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWEU-5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0005250 xref: VHOG:0001253 xref: XAO:0000116 xref: ZFA:0005250 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0010523 {source="ZFA"} ! microcirculatory vessel property_value: external_definition "Any of the tiny blood vessels connecting the arterioles to the venules.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010252", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001253", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1196/annals.1341.002 Bishopric NH, Evolution of the heart from bacteria to man. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001983 name: crypt of lieberkuhn def: "A gland found in the epithelial lining of the small intestine and colon." [Wikipedia:Intestinal_gland] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim synonym: "intestinal gland" BROAD [Wikipedia:Crypts_of_Lieberkuhn] synonym: "lieberkuhn crypt" EXACT [] xref: FMA:63621 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg/200px-Small_intestine_low_mag.jpg xref: MA:0001535 xref: ncithesaurus:Crypts_of_the_Lieberkuhn is_a: UBERON:0000333 ! intestinal gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001242 ! intestinal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0001984 name: crypt of lieberkuhn of large intestine def: "A crypt of lieberkuhn that is part of a large intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "intestinal gland of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestinal crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine crypt of lieberkuhn" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine intestinal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestine lieberkuhn crypt" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lieberkuhn crypt of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:63622 xref: MA:0001544 xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Crypt_of_the_Lieberkuhn is_a: UBERON:0001983 ! crypt of lieberkuhn relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0001983 ! crypt of lieberkuhn intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0001985 name: corneal endothelium def: "A monolayer of specialized, flattened, mitochondria-rich cells that lines the posterior surface of the cornea and faces the anterior chamber of the eye[WP]." [Wikipedia:Corneal_endothelium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cornea endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of cornea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium posterius corneae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corneal_endothelium] xref: FMA:63882 xref: GAID:891 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray871.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray871.png/200px-Gray871.png xref: MA:0001242 xref: MESH:A.09.371.060.067.318 xref: ncithesaurus:Corneal_Endothelium xref: SCTID:368827009 xref: TAO:0002186 xref: ZFA:0001687 is_a: UBERON:0001772 ! corneal epithelium is_a: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea [Term] id: UBERON:0001986 name: endothelium def: "A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (endothelium, vascular), lymph vessels (endothelium, lymphatic), and the serous cavities of the body[MESH]. Simple squamous epithelium which lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart[FMA]" [FMA:63916, MESH:A.10.272.491] comment: The term ‘‘endothelium’’ has been either restricted to the continuous cell layer of the vertebrates, as we are assuming here, or applied to all the cells able to adhere to the luminal surface of the vascular basement membrane (Casley-Smith 1980) subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0000393 xref: EFO:0002548 xref: EMAPA:18578 xref: EMAPA:19063 xref: FMA:63916 xref: GAID:520 xref: galen:Endothelium xref: MESH:A.10.272.491 xref: ncithesaurus:Endothelium xref: ncithesaurus:Vascular_Endothelium xref: SCTID:27168002 is_a: UBERON:0000487 ! simple squamous epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0001987 name: placenta def: "organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin[GO]. The fetal portion of the placenta is known as the villous chorion. The maternal portion is known as the decidua basalis. The two portions are held together by anchoring villi that are anchored to the decidua basalis by the cytotrophoblastic shell." [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/06placenta.htm, Wikipedia:Placenta] comment: Taxon notes: Eutherians: In eutherians, the chorioallantoic membrane of the fetus establishes intimate contact with the adjacent vascular wall of the mother's uterus to produce the placenta, a composite structure formed in part from tissues of the fetus and in part from tissues of the mother [ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong"]. TODO - is taxon restriction too strict, even if we restrict def to allantoic placenta? - WP says: also found in some snakes and lizards with varying levels of development up to mammalian levels. Pough et al. 1992. Herpetology: Third Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall:Pearson Education, Inc., 2002. // See also: doi:10.1002/jmor.11011 // Marsupials possess only a rudimentary placenta, with reduced nutrient and oxygen exchanging capabilities. subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "allantoic placenta" EXACT [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "eutherian placenta" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001078 xref: EFO:0001407 xref: EV:0100119 xref: FMA:63934 xref: GAID:379 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Placenta.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Placenta.jpg/200px-Placenta.jpg xref: MA:0000386 xref: MAT:0000279 xref: MESH:A.16.759 xref: MIAA:0000279 xref: ncithesaurus:Placenta xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvv4zZ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181455002 xref: VHOG:0001266 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000995 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! uterus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003124 {source="Wikipedia"} ! chorion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004340 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! allantois relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated data set using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and distance based (neighbour joining) methods all converged on a nearly identical, well supported topology defining four principal eutherian lineages. The results affirm monophyly of traditional placental orders (except Artiodactyla and Insectivora), and also support some previously proposed, as well as new, superordinal clades.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001266", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/35054550 Murphy WJ, Eizirik E, Johnson WE, Zhang YP, Ryder OA, O'Brien SJ, Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals. Nature (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001988 name: feces def: "Excretion in semisolid state processed by the intestine.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Feces] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "excrement" RELATED [BTO:0000440] synonym: "faeces" EXACT [] synonym: "fecal matter" EXACT [] synonym: "stool" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000440 xref: ENVO:00002003 xref: FMA:64183 xref: GAID:1199 xref: galen:Feces xref: MA:0002509 xref: MAT:0000053 xref: MESH:A.12.459 xref: MIAA:0000053 xref: ncithesaurus:Feces xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjJMZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000174 ! excreta [Term] id: UBERON:0001989 name: superior cervical ganglion def: "Trunk ganglion which is bilaterally paired and located at the anterior end of the sympathetic ganglion chain." [Wikipedia:Superior_cervical_ganglion, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ganglion cervicale superius" RELATED [BTO:0001325] synonym: "ganglion cervicale superius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_cervical_ganglion] synonym: "superior cervical sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "superior sympathetic cervical ganglion" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001325 xref: EFO:0001945 xref: EHDAA:8943 xref: EMAPA:18441 xref: FMA:6467 xref: GAID:712 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray844.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png xref: MA:0001156 xref: MESH:A.08.340.315.350.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Cervical_Ganglion xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001946 xref: SCTID:279278002 xref: TAO:0001572 xref: ZFA:0001572 is_a: UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0001990 name: middle cervical ganglion def: "The middle cervical ganglion is the smallest of the three cervical ganglia, and is occasionally absent. It is placed opposite the sixth cervical vertebra, usually in front of, or close to, the inferior thyroid artery. It is probably formed by the coalescence of two ganglia corresponding to the fifth and sixth cervical nerves. It sends gray rami communicantes to the fifth and sixth cervical nerves, and gives off the middle cardiac nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_cervical_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion cervicale medium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cervical_ganglion] synonym: "ganglion cervicale medium" RELATED [BTO:0000359] synonym: "middle cervical sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000359 xref: EHDAA:8941 xref: EMAPA:18440 xref: FMA:6468 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray844.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png xref: MA:0001155 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Cervical_Ganglion xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001180 xref: SCTID:279279005 is_a: UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0001991 name: cervical ganglion def: "The cervical ganglia are paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They consist of three paravertebral ganglia: superior cervical ganglion middle cervical ganglion inferior cervical ganglion. The inferior ganglion may be fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form a single structure, the stellate ganglion. Nerves emerging from cervical sympathetic ganglia contribute to the cardiac plexus, among other things. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cervical sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000113 xref: EMAPA:18438 xref: FMA:6470 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png xref: MA:0001153 xref: SCTID:181100007 is_a: UBERON:0001807 ! paravertebral ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0001992 name: papillary layer of dermis def: "Dense irregular connective tissue of the skin that consists of fibroblasts, various connective tissue cell types, and collagen, predominantly type III.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Papillary_dermis] comment: AO notes: check AO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus papillary" EXACT [MP:0009545] synonym: "dermis papillary layer" EXACT [] synonym: "dermis papillary layer" EXACT [MA:0000800] synonym: "papillary dermis" EXACT [] synonym: "papillary layer" EXACT [MP:0009545] synonym: "papillary layer of dermis" EXACT [FMA:64776] synonym: "stratum papillare" EXACT [MP:0009545] synonym: "stratum papillare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Papillary_dermis] synonym: "stratum papillare corii" EXACT [MP:0009545] synonym: "superficial dermis" EXACT [MA:0000802] synonym: "superficial dermis" EXACT [MP:0009545] xref: FMA:64776 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Normal_Epidermis_and_Dermis_with_Intradermal_Nevus_10x.JPG xref: MA:0000800 xref: MA:0000802 xref: ncithesaurus:Papillary_Dermis xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Papillare is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis [Term] id: UBERON:0001993 name: reticular layer of dermis def: "lower layer of the dermis, found under the papillary dermis, composed of dense irregular connective tissue featuring densely packed collagen fibers. It is the primary location of dermal elastic fibers." [Wikipedia:Reticular_dermis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dermis reticular layer" EXACT [] synonym: "reticular dermis" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum reticulare" EXACT [Wikipedia:Reticular_dermis] synonym: "stratum reticulare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Reticular_dermis] xref: FMA:64778 xref: MA:0000801 xref: ncithesaurus:Reticular_Dermis xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Reticulare is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001992 ! papillary layer of dermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0008877 {source="FMA"} ! epidermal-dermal junction [Term] id: UBERON:0001994 name: hyaline cartilage def: "Cartilage (tissue) which consists of chondrocytes and collagen, the intercellular matrix of which is an amorphous gel with a perichondrium[FMA]." [FMA:64783, Wikipedia:Hyaline_cartilage] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hyaline cartilage tissue" EXACT [] xref: FMA:64783 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Hypertrophic_Zone_of_Epiphyseal_Plate.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Gray292.png/200px-Gray292.png xref: MA:0000109 xref: ncithesaurus:Hyaline_Cartilage xref: SCTID:39298000 xref: VSAO:0000094 xref: XAO:0004029 is_a: UBERON:0002418 {source="FMA"} ! cartilage tissue property_value: external_definition "Cartilage tissue primarily composed of type II collagen (thin fibrils) and a glassy appearance.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000094", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001995 name: fibrocartilage def: "Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns[VSAO]. A mixture of white fibrous tissue and cartilaginous tissue in various proportions. It owes its flexibility and toughness to the former of these constituents, and its elasticity to the latter. It is the only type of cartilage that contains type I collagen in addition to the normal type II[WP]. Cartilage (tissue) which consists of chondrocytes and collagen, the intercellular matrix of which is an amorphous gel without a well-defined perichondrium[FMA]." [FMA:64784, VSAO:0000103, Wikipedia:Fibrocartilage] comment: The white fibrocartilages admit of arrangement into four groups—interarticular, connecting, circumferential, and stratiform -- WP. TODO: add mineralized subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:64784 xref: galen:Fibrocartilage xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Gray295.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gray295.png/200px-Gray295.png xref: MA:0000108 xref: ncithesaurus:Fibrocartilage xref: SCTID:91685003 xref: VSAO:0000103 xref: XAO:0004028 is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue property_value: external_definition "Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000103", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001996 name: elastic cartilage tissue def: "Cartilage (tissue) which consists of chondrocytes and collagen, the intercellular matrix of which consists of elastic fibers." [FMA:64785, Wikipedia:Elastic_cartilage] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "elastic cartilage" EXACT [MA:0000107] synonym: "elastic cartilage tissue" EXACT [VSAO:0000091] synonym: "yellow elastic cartilage" EXACT [Wikipedia:Elastic_cartilage] synonym: "yellow elastic cartilage tissue" EXACT [] xref: FMA:64785 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Gray904.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Gray904.png/200px-Gray904.png xref: MA:0000107 xref: ncithesaurus:Elastic_Cartilage xref: VSAO:0000091 xref: XAO:0004197 is_a: UBERON:0011589 {source="VSAO"} ! non-mineralized cartilage tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005863 {source="VSAO"} ! cartilaginous condensation property_value: external_definition "Cartilage tissue that is flexible and contains abundant elastic fibers.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000091", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001997 name: olfactory epithelium alt_id: UBERON:0004853 def: "Nasal epithelium wherein ciliated olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells, and basal cells are located." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_epithelium, ZFIN:curator] comment: Genes: V1Rs, Trpc2 present in lamprey // See also: FMA:77199 subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nasal cavity olfactory epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001325] synonym: "nasal epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "nasal sensory epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "olfactory membrane" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2703] synonym: "olfactory mucosa" RELATED [GAID:303] synonym: "olfactory sensory epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "sensory olfactory epithelium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010158 xref: BTO:0000108 xref: EFO:0001972 xref: EHDAA2:0001228 xref: EHDAA:4774 xref: EMAPA:17606 xref: FMA:64803 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray857.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray857.png/200px-Gray857.png xref: MA:0001325 xref: MAT:0000445 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Epithelium xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2703 xref: SCTID:37623003 xref: TAO:0000554 xref: VHOG:0000985 xref: ZFA:0000554 is_a: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa is_a: UBERON:0005384 ! nasal cavity epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006934 ! sensory epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 ! olfactory placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001826 {source="FMA"} ! nasal cavity mucosa property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of principal cavity (AAO:0000992)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010158", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Sensory lining of the medial wall, roof and anterior aspects of the main olfactory cavity (cavum principale).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010158", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} [Term] id: UBERON:0001998 name: sternocostal joint def: "arthrodial joints, with the exception of the first, in which the cartilage is directly united with the sternum, and which is, therefore, a synarthrodial articulation." [Wikipedia:Sternocostal_joints] comment: AO notes - FMA has FMA:72323 'Costosternal joint', isa Synchondrosis, no other relationships synonym: "articulatio sternocostalis" EXACT [FMA:7954] synonym: "articulationes sternocostales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sternocostal_joints] synonym: "costo sternal joint" EXACT [] synonym: "costosternal joint" EXACT [] synonym: "sternochondral joint" EXACT [FMA:7954] synonym: "sternocostal synovial joint" EXACT [FMA:7954] synonym: "synovial sternocostal joint" EXACT [FMA:7954] xref: FMA:7954 xref: GAID:271 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Gray315.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gray315.png/200px-Gray315.png xref: MA:0001512 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.790 xref: ncithesaurus:Sternocostal_Joint xref: SCTID:361860002 is_a: UBERON:0002001 {source="MA"} ! joint of rib is_a: UBERON:0002217 {source="FMA"} ! synovial joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000975 ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0001999 name: iliopsoas def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of iliacus, psoas major, psoas minor[WP]." [Wikipedia:Iliopsoas] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Hyrtl's muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "ilio-psoas" RELATED [VHOG:0001005] synonym: "iliopsoas muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000621] synonym: "illopsoas" EXACT [VHOG:0001005] synonym: "musculus iliopsoas" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliopsoas] xref: BTO:0000621 xref: EHDAA2:0000812 xref: EHDAA:9458 xref: EMAPA:18520 xref: FMA:64918 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: MA:0002321 xref: ncithesaurus:Iliopsoas_Muscle xref: SCTID:181668001 xref: VHOG:0001005 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001370 {source="dbpedia"} ! gluteus maximus relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0008538 {source="dbpedia"} ! muscle of posterior compartment of thigh relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002504 {source="dbpedia", notes="lesser trochanter of femur"} ! lesser trochanter relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001267 {source="dbpedia"} ! femoral nerve relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0009624 {source="dbpedia"} ! lumbar nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001130 {source="dbpedia"} ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0002000 name: gluteal muscle def: "The gluteal muscles are the three muscles that make up the buttocks: the gluteus maximus muscle, gluteus medius muscle and gluteus minimus muscle." [Wikipedia:Gluteal_muscles] comment: AO notes: FMA includes tensor fasciae latae and other buttock muscles. BTO def: Any one of three large skeletal muscles that form the buttock and move the thigh. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gluteus" RELATED [BTO:0000531] synonym: "gluteus muscle" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000531 xref: EHDAA2:0000715 xref: FMA:64922 xref: MA:0000535 xref: ncithesaurus:Gluteal_Muscle xref: VHOG:0001316 is_a: UBERON:0001497 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of pelvic girdle is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group [Term] id: UBERON:0002001 name: joint of rib def: "Any joint that connects a rib to another structure (or another rib). Examples: costochondral, costovertebral, interchondral, sternocostal joints." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "rib joint" EXACT [] xref: FMA_RETIRED:64994 xref: MA:0001508 xref: ncithesaurus:Joint_of_the_Rib xref: SCTID:263314001 is_a: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: connects UBERON:0002228 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002228 ! rib relationship: connects UBERON:0002228 ! rib relationship: part_of UBERON:0003252 ! rib cage [Term] id: UBERON:0002002 name: interchondral joint def: "Interchondral Articulations (articulations of the cartilages of the ribs with each other). The contiguous borders of the sixth, seventh, and eighth, and sometimes those of the ninth and tenth, costal cartilages articulate with each other by small, smooth, oblong facets. Each articulation is enclosed in a thin articular capsule, lined by synovial membrane and strengthened laterally and medially by ligamentous fibers which pass from one cartilage to the other. Sometimes the fifth costal cartilages, more rarely the ninth and tenth, articulate by their lower borders with the adjoining cartilages by small oval facets; more frequently the connection is by a few ligamentous fibers." [Wikipedia:Interchondral_articulations] comment: Editor notes: Consider creating logical definition after obo2owl cardinality tests. AO notes: FMA has both synovial and syndesmosis subtypes - consider adding separate class for FMA:7955 Synovial interchondral joint synonym: "articulatio interchondralis" EXACT [FMA:7955] synonym: "articulationes interchondrales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71378, FMA:TA] synonym: "interchondral articulation" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interchondral_articulations] synonym: "interchondral joint of 9th and 10th ribs" RELATED [FMA:10425] synonym: "interchondral joints" EXACT [FMA:71378] synonym: "interchondral joints set" EXACT [FMA:71378] synonym: "interchondral syndesmosis" RELATED [FMA:10425] synonym: "non-synovial interchondral joint" RELATED [FMA:10425] synonym: "synovial interchondral joint" EXACT [FMA:7955] xref: FMA:10425 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Gray315.png xref: MA:0001511 xref: SCTID:303101003 is_a: UBERON:0002001 {source="MA"} ! joint of rib is_a: UBERON:0002210 {source="FMA"} ! syndesmosis relationship: connects UBERON:0002228 {notes="connects two adjacent ribs"} ! rib relationship: connects UBERON:0002228 {cardinality="2"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002003 name: peripheral nerve alt_id: UBERON:0003377 def: "Neural tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the neuraxis. Examples: phrenic nerve, radial nerve, ilioinguinal nerve, sciatic nerve[FMA]. The peripheral nerves include the 12 cranial nerves, the spinal nerves and roots, and what are called the autonomic nerves that are concerned specifically with the regulation of the heart muscle, the muscles in blood vessel walls, and glands[BTO]. The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium[GAID]. A peripheral nerve, or simply nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of peripheral axons (the long, slender projections of neurons). A nerve provides a common pathway for the electrochemical nerve impulses that are transmitted along each of the axons. Nerves are found only in the peripheral nervous system. In the central nervous system, the analogous structures are known as tracts[WP]." [Wikipedia:Peripheral_nerve] comment: TODO - check definition vs nerve. See notes for cranial nerve II (optic nerve) subset: major_organ subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nerve part of peripheral nervous system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1615] synonym: "peripheral nerve tree" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001027 xref: EMAPA:25148 xref: EV:0100371 xref: FMA:65239 xref: GAID:747 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png/200px-Nervous_system_diagram.png xref: MA:0000228 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Peripheral_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1615 xref: SCTID:244457007 xref: VHOG:0000901 xref: XAO:0000204 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002004 name: trunk of sciatic nerve comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "sciatic nerve trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "sciatic neural trunk" EXACT [] xref: FMA:65507 xref: MA:0001178 is_a: UBERON:0001147 ! trunk of peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002005 name: enteric nervous system def: "The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation[GO]." [Wikipedia:Enteric_nervous_system] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "PNS - enteric" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002506 xref: EFO:0000895 xref: EHDAA2:0004202 xref: EMAPA:26922 xref: FMA:66070 xref: GAID:799 xref: MA:0000222 xref: MAT:0000102 xref: MESH:A.08.800.050.150 xref: MIAA:0000102 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1166 xref: TAO:0001155 xref: ZFA:0001155 is_a: UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005428 {source="UBERONREF:0000002", source="ZFA", source="Wikipedia"} ! vagal neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002006 name: cortex of lymph node def: "Peripheral portion of the lymph node, underneath the capsule[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cortex_of_lymph_node] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cortex nodi lymphoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cortex_of_lymph_node] synonym: "lymph node cortex" EXACT [] xref: FMA:66253 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Illu_lymph_node_structure.png xref: MA:0000740 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node_Cortex is_a: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0002007 name: medulla of lymph node def: "." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovary_of_lymph_node] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lymph node medulla" EXACT [] synonym: "medulla nodi lymphoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medulla_of_lymph_node] xref: FMA:66254 xref: MA:0000745 is_a: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0002008 name: cardiac nerve plexus def: "a plexus of nerves situated at the base of the heart that innervate the heart." [Wikipedia:Cardiac_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "autonomic nerve plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autonomic plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "heart autonomic nerve plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart autonomic plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart visceral nerve plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart visceral plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "plexus cardiacus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6628, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus cardiacus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_plexus] synonym: "visceral nerve plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral plexus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:6628 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0001138 xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:280511002 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0002009 name: pulmonary nerve plexus def: "The pulmonary plexus is an autonomic plexus formed from pulmonary branches of vagus nerve and the sympathetic trunk. It supplies the Bronchial tree. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_plexus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "plexus pulmonalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6629, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus pulmonalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_plexus] synonym: "pulmonary plexus" EXACT [FMA:6629] xref: FMA:6629 xref: MA:0001143 xref: SCTID:280512009 is_a: UBERON:0001816 {source="MA"} ! autonomic nerve plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003728 {source="FMA"} ! mediastinum [Term] id: UBERON:0002010 name: celiac nerve plexus def: "The celiac plexus, also known as the solar plexus, is a complex network of nerves located in the abdomen. The celiac plexus is located near where the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and renal arteries branch from the abdominal aorta. It is behind the stomach and the omental bursa and in front of the crura of the diaphragm, on the level of the first lumbar vertebra, L1. The plexus is formed (in part) by the greater and lesser splanchnic nerves of both sides, and also parts of the right vagus nerve. The celiac plexus proper consists of the celiac ganglia with a network of interconnecting fibers. The aorticorenal ganglia are often considered to be part of the celiac ganglia, and thus, part of the plexus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Celiac_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "celiac plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "coeliac nerve plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "coeliac plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus coeliacus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6630, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus coeliacus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Celiac_plexus] synonym: "plexus nervosus coeliacus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6630, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:6630 xref: GAID:796 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0001139 xref: MESH:A.08.800.050.050.150 xref: SCTID:362494009 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0002011 name: thoracodorsal artery def: "The thoracodorsal artery is a branch of the subscapular artery. It travels inferiorly with the thoracodorsal nerve and supplies the latissimus dorsi. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracodorsal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria thoracodorsalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thoracodorsal_artery] xref: FMA:66320 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Latissimus_dorsi.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Latissimus_dorsi.png/200px-Latissimus_dorsi.png xref: MA:0002065 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracodorsal_Artery is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0002012 name: pulmonary artery def: "The pulmonary arteries carry blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood. In the human heart, the pulmonary trunk (pulmonary artery or main pulmonary artery) begins at the base of the right ventricle. It is short and wide - approximately 5 cm (2 inches) in length and 3 cm (1.2 inches) in diameter. It then branches into two pulmonary arteries (left and right), which deliver deoxygenated blood to the corresponding lung. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_artery] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pulmonary arterial tree" EXACT [] synonym: "pulmonary arterial tree organ part" EXACT [] synonym: "truncus pulmonalis, arteria pulmonalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_artery] xref: AAO:0010221 xref: BTO:0000778 xref: EFO:0001399 xref: EHDAA2:0001575 xref: EHDAA:4351 xref: EMAPA:17008 xref: FMA:66326 xref: GAID:505 xref: galen:PulmonaryArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png xref: MA:0002031 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.715 xref: ncithesaurus:Pulmonary_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjbIpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181380003 xref: VHOG:0000982 xref: XAO:0004162 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0008886 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008886 ! pulmonary vascular system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002061 {source="Wikipedia"} ! truncus arteriosus relationship: part_of UBERON:0008886 ! pulmonary vascular system property_value: external_definition "Major artery which supplies blood to the lungs.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010221", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "One of two arteries, leaving from the heart, the left one supplying the left lung and the right one supplying the right lung. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000982", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pulmonary+artery"} property_value: homology_notes "On the other hand, in the sister clade of the actinopterygians, the sarcopterygians, the gill circulation is supplemented with lung ventilation. As a result, the pulmonary artery and vein and a functional ductus arteriosus arose as a major evolutionary innovation from the sixth arch, giving the organism a flexible shunt to balance blood supply to and from gills and lungs according to environmental conditions.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000982", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002013 name: superior hypogastric nerve plexus def: "The superior hypogastric plexus (in older texts, hypogastric plexus or presacral nerve) is a plexus of nerves situated on the vertebral bodies below the bifurcation of the aorta. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_hypogastric_plexus] comment: Check relationship with generic hypogastric nerve/plexus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hypogastric plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "nervus presacralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6642, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus hypogastricus inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_hypogastric_plexus] synonym: "plexus hypogastricus superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6642, FMA:TA] synonym: "presacral nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "superior hypogastric plexus" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:19274 xref: FMA:6642 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0001142 xref: SCTID:244484008 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001075 ! body of vertebra relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005303 ! hypogastric nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002014 name: inferior hypogastric nerve plexus def: "The inferior hypogastric plexus (pelvic plexus in some texts) is a plexus of nerves that supplies the viscera of the pelvic cavity. The inferior hypogastric plexus is a paired structure, with each situated on the side of the rectum in the male, and at the sides of the rectum and vagina in the female. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_hypogastric_plexus] comment: Check relationship with generic hypogastric nerve/plexus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior hypogastric plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvic nerve plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvic plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus hypogastricus inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6643, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus hypogastricus inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_hypogastric_plexus] synonym: "plexus nervosus pelvicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6643, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus pelvicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6643, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:19275 xref: FMA:6643 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray838.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray838.png/200px-Gray838.png xref: MA:0001141 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Hypogastric_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:192608000 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005303 ! hypogastric nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002015 name: kidney capsule def: "The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney and covered in a thick layer of ' adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. The renal capsule relates to the other layers in the following order (moving from innermost to outermost): renal medulla renal cortex renal capsule perinephric fat (or 'perirenal fat') renal fascia paranephric fat (or 'pararenal fat') peritoneum (anteriorly), and transversalis fascia (posteriorly). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Kidney_capsule] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "capsule of kidney" EXACT [] synonym: "fibrous capsule of kidney" EXACT [FMA:66610] synonym: "renal capsule" EXACT [GO:0072127] xref: EMAPA:18679 xref: FMA:66610 xref: galen:CapsuleOfKidney xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Illu_kidney.jpg/200px-Illu_kidney.jpg xref: MA:0000370 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Capsule xref: SCTID:243657006 is_a: UBERON:0003567 ! abdomen connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0002016 name: pulmonary vein def: "Pulmonary veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the lungs to the heart[GO]." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_vein] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pulmonary venous tree organ part" EXACT [] synonym: "venae pulmonales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_vein] xref: AAO:0010521 xref: BTO:0001799 xref: EHDAA2:0001579 xref: EHDAA:2629 xref: EMAPA:18645 xref: FMA:66643 xref: GAID:543 xref: galen:PulmonaryVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png xref: MA:0002206 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.713 xref: ncithesaurus:Pulmonary_Vein xref: SCTID:430160002 xref: VHOG:0001133 xref: XAO:0000394 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0008886 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008886 ! pulmonary vascular system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002061 ! truncus arteriosus relationship: part_of UBERON:0008886 ! pulmonary vascular system property_value: external_definition "Any of the veins which collect blood from the lungs and some small vesicles received from the esophagus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010521", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "One of two pairs of large vessels that return oxygenated blood from each lung to the left atrium of the heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001133", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pulmonary+vein"} property_value: homology_notes "On the other hand, in the sister clade of the actinopterygians, the sarcopterygians, the gill circulation is supplemented with lung ventilation. As a result, the pulmonary artery and vein and a functional ductus arteriosus arose as a major evolutionary innovation from the sixth arch, giving the organism a flexible shunt to balance blood supply to and from gills and lungs according to environmental conditions.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001133", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002017 name: portal vein def: "A vein that conducts blood from the digestive organs, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder to the liver[BTO]." [BTO:0001792] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "portal venous tree organ part" EXACT [FMA:66645] xref: BTO:0001792 xref: EHDAA2:0001485 xref: EHDAA:6510 xref: EMAPA:17349 xref: FMA:66645 xref: GAID:540 xref: galen:PortalVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gray591.png/200px-Gray591.png xref: MA:0002198 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.670.567 xref: ncithesaurus:Portal_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv_bem5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362064007 xref: VHOG:0000656 xref: XAO:0000392 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="FMA"} ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0005806 ! portal system [Term] id: UBERON:0002018 name: synovial membrane of synovial joint def: "Soft tissue that lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within joints with cavities (synovial joints)." [Wikipedia:Synovial_membrane] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "membrana synovialis capsulae articularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Synovial_membrane] synonym: "stratum synoviale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:66762, FMA:TA] synonym: "synovial layer" BROAD [FMA:66762] synonym: "synovial layer of articular capsule of synovial joint" RELATED [FMA:9865] synonym: "synovial membrane" BROAD [AEO:0000181] synonym: "synovial membrane of articular capsule of synovial joint" RELATED [FMA:9865] synonym: "synovium" BROAD [BTO:0001823, VHOG:0001282] synonym: "synovium of articular capsule of synovial joint" RELATED [FMA:9865] xref: AEO:0000181 xref: BTO:0001823 xref: EFO:0001393 xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003181 xref: EV:0100143 xref: FMA:9865 xref: GAID:264 xref: galen:SynovialMembrane xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Joint.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Synovium.png/200px-Synovium.png xref: MA:0000114 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.443.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Synovial_Membrane xref: SCTID:361828005 xref: VHOG:0001282 is_a: UBERON:0006915 ! stratified squamous epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007616 {source="FMA"} ! layer of synovial tissue relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001484 {source="GAID"} ! articular capsule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002217 {source="EHDAA2"} ! synovial joint property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetically, synovium is one of the newer attributes of the vertebrate locomotor apparatus. The first synovial joints developed in the piscine jaw of ancestors of modern lungfish by an evolutionary process that modified preexisting fibrous and cartilaginous joints, which were the predominant articulation of the early sea- and land-dwelling vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001282", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:11068553 O'Connel JX, Pathology of the synovium. American Journal of Clinical Pathology (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002019 name: accessory XI nerve def: "a nerve that controls specific muscles of the shoulder and neck." [Wikipedia:Spinal_accessory_nerve] comment: Taxon notes: In mice, the spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve[GO] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "accessory nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "accessory nerve [XI]" EXACT [] synonym: "accessory XI" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000106] synonym: "accessory XI nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "cervical accessory nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "CN-XI" RELATED [VHOG:0000699] synonym: "cranial nerve XI" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_812] synonym: "eleventh cranial nerve" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_812] synonym: "nervus accessorius [xi]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6720, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars spinalis nervus accessorius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6720, FMA:TA] synonym: "spinal accessory nerve" EXACT [FMA:6720] synonym: "spinal accessory nerve tree" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal part of accessory nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "Willis' nerve" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010476 xref: EHDAA2:0000106 xref: EHDAA:2855 xref: EMAPA:17159 xref: EMAPA:17265 xref: FMA:6720 xref: GAID:825 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gray791.png/200px-Gray791.png xref: MA:0001088 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.060 xref: ncithesaurus:Accessory_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_812 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwTEwI5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362469008 xref: VHOG:0000699 xref: XAO:0004214 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve property_value: external_definition "Cranial nerve that innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius complex of muscles. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-1, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000699", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Small motor nerve which innervates a single pectoral suspensory muscle, the m. cucullaris.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010476", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000699", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002020 name: gray matter of neuraxis def: "Heterogeneous cluster of neural somas in the brain and the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Gray_matter] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "gray mater" RELATED [ZFA:0001681] synonym: "gray matter" EXACT [] synonym: "grey matter" EXACT [] synonym: "grey substance" EXACT [] synonym: "neuronal grey matter" EXACT [AEO:0001012] synonym: "substantia grisea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:67242, FMA:TA] xref: AEO:0001012 xref: EHDAA2:0003136 xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0004658 xref: FMA:67242 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png xref: MA:0001112 xref: ncithesaurus:Gray_Matter xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDdKMpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0002197 xref: VHOG:0001768 xref: ZFA:0001681 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue comprised of neurons, dendrites, axon terminals, glial cells, and capillaries.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002197", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002021 name: occipital lobe def: "Occipital lobe is the one of five lobes of the cerebral hemisphere which occupies the posterior-most portion of the hemisphere. Anteriorly, it shares an arbitrary border with the parietal lobe and temporal lobe. Medially, it is bounded by the longitudinal cerebral fissure." [Wikipedia:Occipital_lobe] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lobus occipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipital_lobe] synonym: "occipital cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "occipital neocortex" EXACT [DHB:Ocx] synonym: "regio occipitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:67325, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0000293 xref: EFO:0000915 xref: EV:0100170 xref: FMA:67325 xref: GAID:678 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray727_occipital_lobe.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray727_occipital_lobe.png/200px-Gray727_occipital_lobe.png xref: MA:0000913 xref: MAT:0000507 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.571 xref: ncithesaurus:Occipital_Lobe xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1136 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9OFy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180923002 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002022 name: insula def: "The insula is the one of five lobes of the cerebral hemisphere. It lies in the depths of the lateral fissure and is covered by portions of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes." [Wikipedia:Insular_cortex] comment: AO notes: two classes in ncit, Central_Lobe is part of temporal lobe subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central lobe" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "cortex of island" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "insula lobule" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "insular cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1117] synonym: "insular cortex" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "insular lobe" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "insular region" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "insulary cortex" RELATED [BTO:0001105] synonym: "island of Reil" EXACT [FMA:67329] synonym: "lobus insularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:67329, FMA:TA] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-Ins xref: BTO:0001105 xref: EV:0100172 xref: FMA:67329 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Gray731.png xref: MA:0000909 xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Lobe xref: ncithesaurus:Insula xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1117 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvpK5WZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279201009 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 {source="NIF", source="BTO"} ! cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 {source="FMA"} ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002023 name: claustrum of brain def: "one of the four basal ganglia in each cerebral hemisphere that consists of a thin lamina of gray matter between the lentiform nucleus and the insula[BTO]. The claustrum, which is suspected to be present in all mammals, is a fairly thin (fraction of 1 mm to multiple mms) vertical curved sheet of subcortical gray matter oriented sagittally between the white matter tracts of the external capsule and extreme capsule. The claustrum is lateral to the putamen and medial to the insular cortex and is considered by some sources to be part of the basal ganglia. There are lateral and medial tracts connecting to many cortices and perhaps to the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the caudate nucleus (connections with subcortical centers are a matter of debate)[WP]." [BTO:0004292, Wikipedia:Claustrum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "claustrum" EXACT [MA:0000888] synonym: "dorsal claustrum" EXACT [FMA:67440] synonym: "dorsal portion of claustrum" EXACT [FMA:67440] xref: ABA:CLA xref: BM:Tel-Cl xref: BTO:0004292 xref: EV:0100183 xref: FMA:67440 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: MA:0000888 xref: ncithesaurus:Claustrum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1522 xref: SCTID:279410004 is_a: UBERON:0002420 {source="FMA"} ! basal ganglion disjoint_from: UBERON:0002729 ! claustral amygdaloid area relationship: part_of UBERON:0000203 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} ! pallium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0006098 {source="NIF"} ! basal nuclear complex property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 {source="Wikipedia"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002887 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006107 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002024 name: internal carotid nerve plexus def: "The internal carotid plexus (carotid plexus) is situated on the lateral side of the internal carotid artery, and in the plexus there occasionally exists a small gangliform swelling, the carotid ganglion, on the under surface of the artery. Postganglionic sympathetic fibres ascend from the superior cervical ganglion, along the walls of the internal carotid artery, to enter the internal carotid plexus. These fibres then distribute to deep structures, which include the levator palpebrae superioris and pupillary dilator muscles. Some of the fibres from the internal carotid plexus converge to form the deep petrosal nerve. The internal carotid plexus communicates with the semilunar ganglion, the abducent nerve, and the sphenopalatine ganglion; it distributes filaments to the wall of the carotid artery, and also communicates with the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_carotid_nerve_plexus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "internal carotid plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus caroticus internus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:67533, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:67533 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray840.png/200px-Gray840.png xref: MA:0001162 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Carotid_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:280509006 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0002025 name: stratum basale of epidermis def: "Deepest layer of the layers of the epidermis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Stratum_germinativum] comment: consisting of non-keratinized, viable cells, in contrast to the outer (upper) layer of epidermis made up of keratinized, anucleated, non-viable cells subset: uberon_slim synonym: "basal cell layer of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:67540] synonym: "epidermal basal stratum" EXACT [TAO:0001180] synonym: "epidermis basal layer" RELATED [] synonym: "epidermis stratum basale" EXACT [] synonym: "epidermis stratum germinativum" RELATED [] synonym: "Malpighian layer" RELATED [BTO:0000438] synonym: "rete Malphighii" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum basalis of epidermis" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum germinativum" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum Malphighi" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010598 xref: BTO:0000438 xref: FMA:67540 xref: MA:0000803 xref: ncithesaurus:Rete_Malpighii xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Basale xref: SCTID:419481005 xref: TAO:0001180 xref: XAO:0000041 xref: ZFA:0001180 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis [Term] id: UBERON:0002026 name: stratum spinosum of epidermis def: "a layer of the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale. Has cells that produce and secrete bipolar lipids which prevent evaporation, helping to 'water-proof' the skin. Keratinization begins in the stratum spinosum." [Wikipedia:Stratum_spinosum] synonym: "epidermis prickle cell layer" RELATED [] synonym: "epidermis stratum spinosum" EXACT [] synonym: "prickle cell layer" RELATED [BTO:0000435] synonym: "prickle cell layer of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:67542] synonym: "squamous cell layer of epidermis" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum malphighii" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum spinosum" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000435 xref: FMA:67542 xref: MA:0000807 xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Spinosum xref: SCTID:420086000 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002025 ! stratum basale of epidermis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002069 ! stratum granulosum of epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis [Term] id: UBERON:0002027 name: stratum corneum of epidermis def: "outermost layer of the epidermis, composed of large, flat, polyhedral, plate-like envelopes filled with keratin, which is made up of dead cells that have migrated up from the stratum granulosum." [Wikipedia:Stratum_corneum] comment: this skin layer is composed mainly of dead cells that lack nuclei. As these dead cells slough off on the surface in the thin air-filled stratum disjunctum, they are continuously replaced by new cells from the stratum germinativum (basale). In the human forearm, for example, about 1300 cells/cm2/hr are shed. This outer layer that is sloughed off is also known as the stratum dysjunctum. Cells of the stratum corneum contain keratin, a protein that helps keep the skin hydrated by preventing water evaporation. These cells can also absorb water, further aiding in hydration, and explaining why humans and other animals experience wrinkling of the skin on the fingers and toes ("pruning") when immersed in water for prolonged periods. In addition, this layer is responsible for the "spring back" or stretchy properties of skin. A weak glutenous protein bond pulls the skin back to its natural shape. The thickness of the stratum corneum varies according to the amount of protection and/or grip required by a region of the body. For example, the hands are typically used to grasp objects, requiring the palms to be covered with a thick stratum corneum. In a similar manner, the sole of the foot is prone to injury, and so it is protected with a thick stratum corneum layer. In general, the stratum corneum contains 15 to 20 layers of dead cells. The stratum corneum has a thickness between 10 and 40 μm. n reptiles, the stratum corneum is permanent, and is replaced only during times of rapid growth, in a process called ecdysis or moulting. The stratum corneum in reptiles contains beta-keratin, which provides a much more rigid skin layer. synonym: "cornified layer" EXACT [] synonym: "epidermis stratum corneum" EXACT [] synonym: "horny layer" RELATED [BTO:0000344] synonym: "horny layer of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:67545] synonym: "stratum corneum" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum corneum epidermidis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stratum_corneum] xref: AAO:0010597 xref: BTO:0000344 xref: FMA:67545 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Epidermal_layers.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Skinlayers.png/200px-Skinlayers.png xref: MA:0000804 xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Corneum xref: SCTID:361695002 is_a: UBERON:0003055 ! periderm property_value: external_definition "The keratinized outermost layer of the epidermis, which is periodically shed.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010597", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:CAM"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002028 name: hindbrain def: "The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain. In mammals and birds the hindbrain is divided into a rostral metencephalon and a caudal myelencephalon. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata (From: Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain)[ZFA]. Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Rhombencephalon, ZFA:0000029, ZFIN:curator] comment: in MA, brainstem and hindbrain and part-of siblings under brain, consistent with FMA and NIF. See also notes for cerebellum. We weaken the relation in ABA to overlaps subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "rhombencephalon" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010150 xref: ABA:HB xref: BTO:0000672 xref: EFO:0000923 xref: EHDAA2:0000746 xref: EHDAA:3514 xref: EHDAA:6487 xref: EMAPA:16916 xref: FMA:67687 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png xref: MA:0000195 xref: MAT:0000107 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810 xref: MIAA:0000107 xref: ncithesaurus:Hind-Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_942 xref: TAO:0000029 xref: VHOG:0000070 xref: XAO:0000015 xref: ZFA:0000029 is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003076 {source="XAO"} ! posterior neural tube relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007277 {evidence="definitional"} ! presumptive hindbrain relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003852 {evidence="definitional"} ! rhombencephalon neural crest relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002298 {source="ABA", notes="modified-source-relation"} ! brainstem relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 {source="ZFA"} ! brain property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from hindbrain neural tube (TAO:0007043)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000029", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Posterior part of the brain consisting of the cerebellum and medulla oblongata.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010150", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain, forming the rhombencephalon and all or most of the metencephalon. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000029", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Fine structural, computerized three-dimensional (3D) mapping of cell connectivity in the amphioxus nervous system and comparative molecular genetic studies of amphioxus and tunicates have provided recent insights into the phylogenetic origin of the vertebrate nervous system. The results suggest that several of the genetic mechanisms for establishing and patterning the vertebrate nervous system already operated in the ancestral chordate and that the nerve cord of the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates included a diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000070", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001891 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001894 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002029 name: epithelium of gall bladder def: "the simple columnar epithelial lining of the gall bladder." [MP:0009492] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "biliary epithelium" RELATED [] synonym: "epithelial tissue of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gall bladder epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gall bladder epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "gallbladder epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001449 xref: FMA:67711 xref: MA:0001632 xref: ncithesaurus:Gallbladder_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder [Term] id: UBERON:0002030 name: nipple def: "Projection of skin containing the outlets for 15-20 lactiferous ducts arranged cylindrically around the tip." [FMA:67771, Wikipedia:Nipple] comment: FMA makes this part of the breast, whereas in MA it is part of the mammary gland. We assert both these for now, but the MA assertion is probably too strong, and a different relationship type should be used. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "papilla mammae" EXACT [MP:0009723] synonym: "papilla mammaria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nipple] synonym: "papilla of breast" EXACT [] synonym: "papillary part of breast" EXACT [] synonym: "teat" EXACT [] synonym: "thele" EXACT [MP:0009723] synonym: "thelium" EXACT [MP:0009723] xref: BTO:0000821 xref: FMA:67771 xref: GAID:35 xref: galen:Nipple xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Female_nipple_profile.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Female_nipple_profile.jpg/200px-Female_nipple_profile.jpg xref: MA:0000796 xref: MESH:A.01.236.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Nipple xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjKi5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:265780004 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008425 {source="Stedmans"} ! mammary ridge relationship: part_of UBERON:0000310 {source="FMA"} ! breast relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 {source="MA"} ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0002031 name: epithelium of bronchus def: "An epithelium that is part of a bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "bronchi epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchial trunk epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001845 xref: EFO:0000307 xref: FMA:67782 xref: MA:0001839 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchial_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004815 ! lower respiratory tract epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0002032 name: areola def: "Subdivision of breast which consists of skin, connective tissue and smooth muscle bundle and modified sebaceous glands and which surrounds the nipple.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Areola] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "areola mammae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Areola] xref: FMA:67796 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Female_Areola.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Brustwarze.JPG/200px-Brustwarze.JPG xref: MA:0000788 xref: ncithesaurus:Areola xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvrcOL5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0002033 name: arrector muscle of hair def: "tiny muscle fiber attached to each hair follicle, which contract to make the hairs stand on end, causing goose bumps. They exist in most mammals including humans." [Wikipedia:Arrector_pili_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arectores pilorum" RELATED [BTO:0005132] synonym: "arrector pili" EXACT [FMA:67821, MA:0000778] synonym: "arrector pili muscle" EXACT [EMAPA:26779, MP:0010679] synonym: "arrector pili smooth muscle" EXACT [MA:0000778] synonym: "arrector pilli" EXACT [MP:0010679] synonym: "arrector pilli muscle" EXACT [MP:0010679] synonym: "erector pili" RELATED [BTO:0005132] synonym: "erectores pilorum" RELATED [BTO:0005132] synonym: "pilomotor muscle" RELATED [BTO:0005132] xref: BTO:0005132 xref: EMAPA:26775 xref: FMA:67821 xref: MA:0000778 xref: SCTID:319910005 is_a: UBERON:0001135 {source="FMA"} ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002073 ! hair follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system relationship: part_of UBERON:0011932 {source="FMA"} ! pilosebaceous unit [Term] id: UBERON:0002034 name: suprachiasmatic nucleus def: "The suprachiasmatic nucleus, or nuclei, (SCN), a tiny region on the brain's midline in a shallow impression of the optic chiasm, is responsible for controlling endogenous circadian rhythms. The neuronal and hormonal activities it generates regulate many different body functions over a 24-hour period. The SCN, pine cone shaped and the size of a grain of rice, interacts with many other regions of the brain. It contains several cell types and several different peptides and neurotransmitters. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Suprachiasmatic_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nucleus suprachiasmaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Suprachiasmatic_nucleus] synonym: "SCN" RELATED [BTO:0001822] synonym: "suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SCH xref: BM:Die-Hy-SCN xref: BTO:0001822 xref: EFO:0002475 xref: EV:0100228 xref: FMA:67883 xref: GAID:645 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000843 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.342.625 xref: ncithesaurus:Suprachiasmatic_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1325 xref: SCTID:369132004 xref: TAO:0000441 xref: VHOG:0000036 xref: XAO:0004072 xref: ZFA:0000441 is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007251 ! preoptic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 ! medial zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002035 name: medial preoptic nucleus def: "The medial preoptic nucleus is bounded laterally by the lateral preoptic nucleus, and medially by the preoptic periventricular nucleus. It releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone, controls copulation in males, and is larger in males than in females.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_preoptic_nucleus#Medial_preoptic_nucleus, Wikipedia:Sexually_dimorphic_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "medial preoptic hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:MPN xref: FMA:67890 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000840 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_706 xref: SCTID:369128005 is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007251 ! preoptic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0007769 {source="MA"} ! medial preoptic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002036 name: striated muscle tissue def: "Tissue which consists of striated muscle fibers surrounded by endomysium. Examples: Skeletal muscle tissue, Cardiac muscle tissue[FMA]." [FMA:67905, Wikipedia:Striated_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "striated muscle" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010762 xref: AEO:0000140 xref: EHDAA2:0003140 xref: FMA:67905 xref: galen:StriatedMuscle xref: MA:0002438 xref: ncithesaurus:Striated_Muscle_Tissue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwAoze5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: WBbt:0005779 is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue property_value: external_definition "Voluntary muscle tissue arranged in bundles of fibers.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010762", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:CAM"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002037 name: cerebellum def: "Part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem. It is concerned with the coordination of movement[MESH]. A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum , and formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe[BTO]. Brain structure derived from the anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain. The cerebellum plays a role in somatic motor function, the control of muscle tone, and balance[ZFA]." [BTO:0000232, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3291162&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, ISBN:3764351209, MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428.200, ZFA:0000100] comment: note that almost all AOs agree that the cerebellum is part of the hindbrain (sometimes specifically part of the metencephalon, which, when present, is part of the hindbrain). However, ABA has cerebellum and brain stem as partof siblings, with the hindbrain part of the brainstem subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epencephalon-1" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010485 xref: ABA:CB xref: BM:CB xref: BTO:0000232 xref: EFO:0000327 xref: EHDAA2:0000232 xref: EMAPA:17787 xref: EV:0100293 xref: FMA:67944 xref: GAID:595 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Cerebellum_NIH.png/200px-Cerebellum_NIH.png xref: MA:0000198 xref: MAT:0000110 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428.200 xref: MIAA:0000110 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1489 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvl1eipwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180924008 xref: TAO:0000100 xref: VHOG:0000024 xref: XAO:0003098 xref: ZFA:0000100 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006215 {evidence="definitional"} ! rhombic lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 {source="NIF", source="ZFA"} ! hindbrain property_value: external_definition "Dorsal part of the hindbrain that coordinates muscle movement, posture, and balance.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010485", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Specialized brain region derived from the dorsal metencephalon (anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain) and becoming distinctive late in the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000100", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "However, although the lamprey possesses a region comparable to the cerebellum and display expression of LjFgf8/17 at the MHB (midbrain hindbrain boundary), it does not have Purkinje cells and cerebellar nuclei, as well as components of the rhombic lip-derived cerebellar and pre-cerebellar systems. It is noteworthy that the latter structures require specific expression of Pax6 in the rhombic lip of the gnathostome hindbrain. Interestingly, the lamprey rhombic lip does not express Pax6. Thus, it is tempting to speculate that in vertebrate evolution the rostral hindbrain is incapable of differentiating into the cerebellum before the co-option of Pax6 in that region. In other words, cerebellum has been brought about as an evolutionary innovation in gnathostomes, based on exaptation of MHB, rhombic lip, and some regulatory gene expression already present in the vertebrate common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000024", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.008 Murakami Y, Uchida K, Rijli FM and Kuratani S, Evolution of the brain developmental plan: Insights from agnathans. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001893 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002298 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002038 name: substantia nigra def: "Subdivision of the midbrain anterior to the midbrain tegmentum which contains darkly pigmented neurons[FMA]." [FMA:67947, Wikipedia:Substantia_nigra] comment: TODO: In BTO and NIF, part of basal ganglion which is part of telencephalon - but this is inconsistent with being part of midbrain, if these are spatially disjoint, as in ABA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus of basis pedunculi" EXACT [] synonym: "Soemmering's substance" EXACT [] synonym: "substancia nigra" RELATED [Wikipedia:Substantia_nigra] xref: BTO:0000143 xref: EFO:0000922 xref: EHDAA2:0004711 xref: EV:0100247 xref: FMA:67947 xref: GAID:581 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Midbraincrosssection.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Midbraincrosssection.png/200px-Midbraincrosssection.png xref: MA:0000210 xref: MAT:0000504 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659.687 xref: ncithesaurus:Substantia_Nigra xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_789 xref: SCTID:279286002 xref: VHOG:0001573 is_a: UBERON:0009661 ! midbrain nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 {source="multiple"} ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="NIF"} ! basal ganglion property_value: homology_notes " (...) the substantia nigra first appears in reptiles and is best developed in primates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001573", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.336", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002039 name: inferior phrenic vein def: "The Inferior Phrenic Veins drain the diaphragm and follow the course of the inferior phrenic arteries; the right ends in the inferior vena cava; the left is often represented by two branches, one of which ends in the left renal or suprarenal vein, while the other passes in front of the esophageal hiatus in the diaphragm and opens into the inferior vena cava. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_phrenic_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "venae phrenicae inferiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_phrenic_vein] xref: FMA:68068 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray577.png xref: MA:0002195 xref: SCTID:286500002 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0002040 name: bronchial artery def: "In human anatomy, the bronchial arteries help supply the lungs with oxygenated blood. Although there is much variation, there are usually two bronchial arteries that run to the left lung, and one to the right lung. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Bronchial_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchial arterial tree" EXACT [] synonym: "rami bronchiales partis thoracicae aortae, arteriae bronchiales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Bronchial_artery] xref: EMAPA:18608 xref: FMA:68109 xref: GAID:477 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Gray1032.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gray1032.png/200px-Gray1032.png xref: MA:0001923 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.158 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchial_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4r4sy0UiNbEd2AAAACs6hRXg xref: SCTID:244247009 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0002041 name: terminal bronchus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim xref: FMA:68416 xref: MA:0000440 is_a: UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0002042 name: endothelium of lymphatic vessel def: "An endothelium that is part of a lymphatic vessel [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "endothelium of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic endothelium" EXACT [BTO:0004303] synonym: "lymphatic vessel endothelium" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004303 xref: FMA:68444 xref: MA:0000750 xref: MESH:A.10.272.491.332 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphatic_Vessel_Endothelium xref: TAO:0005258 xref: ZFA:0005258 is_a: UBERON:0004852 ! cardiovascular system endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001473 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel property_value: external_definition "The vascular endothelium that lines the lymph vessels.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005258", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002043 name: dorsal raphe nucleus def: "A large raphe nucleus extending from the anterior part of the pons through the mesencephalon; its neurons are serotoninergic[NIF]. The dorsal raphe nucleus is a part of the raphe nucleus and consists of rostral and caudal subdivisions. The rostral aspect of the dorsal raphe is further divided into interfascicular, ventral, ventrolateral and dorsal subnuclei. The projections of the dorsal raphe have been found to vary topographically, and thus the subnuclei differ in their projections. An increased number of cells in the lateral aspects of the dorsal raphe is characteristic of humans and other primates. [WP,unvetted]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3248146&group_id=36855, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_982, Wikipedia:Dorsal_raphe_nucleus] comment: TODO check dorsal vs inferior. ZF has no pons. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cell group b7" EXACT [FMA:68462] synonym: "dorsal nucleus of the raphe" EXACT [BrainInfo:512, FMA:68462] synonym: "dorsal nucleus raphe" EXACT [FMA:68462] synonym: "dorsal raphe" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_982] synonym: "inferior raphe nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021724] synonym: "nucleus raphe posterior, nucleus raphe dorsalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_raphe_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus raphes dorsalis" EXACT [BrainInfo:512, BTO:0002434] synonym: "nucleus raphes posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus raphes posterior" RELATED [BTO:0002434] synonym: "posterior raphe nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68462] synonym: "posterior raphe nucleus" RELATED [GO:0021724] xref: ABA:DR xref: BM:MB-DR xref: BTO:0002434 xref: EFO:0001919 xref: FMA:68462 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Drn.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c6/Drn.png/200px-Drn.png xref: MA:0002980 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_982 xref: TAO:0000366 xref: ZFA:0000366 is_a: UBERON:0007415 ! nucleus of midbrain reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002639 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midbrain reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 {source="Wikipedia"} ! raphe nuclei property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002145 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002044 name: ventral nucleus of posterior commissure comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "Darkshevich's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68464] synonym: "nucleus of Darkschewitsch" EXACT [FMA:68464] xref: ABA:ND xref: BM:MB-D xref: FMA:68464 xref: MA:0001072 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_896 is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="FMA"} ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002551 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002045 name: cuneate nucleus def: "One of the dorsal column nuclei, the cuneate nucleus is a wedge-shaped nucleus in the closed part of the medulla oblongata. It contains cells that give rise to the cuneate tubercle, visible on the posterior aspect of the medulla. It lies laterally to the gracile nucleus and medial to the spinal trigeminal nucleus in the medulla. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cuneate_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Burdach's nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "burdachs nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2640] synonym: "cuneate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2640] synonym: "nucleus cuneatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cuneate_nucleus] xref: ABA:CU xref: BM:Me-Cu xref: FMA:68465 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray691.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png xref: MA:0001035 xref: ncithesaurus:Cuneate_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2640 xref: SCTID:369072005 is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002161 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002046 name: thyroid gland def: "A two-lobed endocrine gland found in all vertebrates, located in front of and on either side of the trachea in humans, and producing various hormones, such as triiodothyronine and calcitonin[BTO]. A highly vascular endocrine gland consisting of two lobes, one on either side of the trachea, joined by a narrow isthmus; it produces the thyroid hormones which are concerned in regulating the metabolic rate of the body[GAID]." [BTO:0001379, GAID:465, Wikipedia:Thyroid] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glandula thyroidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroid] synonym: "thyroid" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010544 xref: BTO:0001379 xref: EFO:0000861 xref: EHDAA2:0002028 xref: EHDAA:2148 xref: EHDAA:2975 xref: EMAPA:17068 xref: EMAPA:18827 xref: EV:0100133 xref: FMA:9603 xref: GAID:465 xref: galen:ThyroidGland xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Illu_thyroid_parathyroid.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Illu_endocrine_system.jpg/200px-Illu_endocrine_system.jpg xref: MA:0000129 xref: MAT:0000081 xref: MESH:A.06.407.900 xref: MIAA:0000081 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Gland xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjLT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181117000 xref: VHOG:0000418 xref: XAO:0000162 is_a: UBERON:0002368 ! endocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007689 ! thyroid diverticulum relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system property_value: external_definition "Either of paired structures located in the throat which develop from the ventral wall of the pharynx and excretes hormones involved in the morphological and functional changes during metamorphosis as well as influencing other tissues.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010544", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (2) a groove in the pharyngeal floor known as the endostyle, or a thyroid gland derived from part of the endostyle (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000418", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002047 name: pontine raphe nucleus def: "The Pontine raphe nucleus is one of the raphe nuclei. It is located in the pontine tegmentum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_raphe_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus raphes pontis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pontine_raphe_nucleus] synonym: "raphe of pons" EXACT [] synonym: "raphe pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68875, FMA:TA] synonym: "raphe pontis nucleus" RELATED [] xref: ABA:RPO xref: FMA:68875 xref: MA:0001022 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1110 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 {source="Wikipedia"} ! raphe nuclei property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002048 name: lung def: "Respiration organ present in all air-breathing animals whose principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere[WP]. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax[GO]." [BTO:0000763, Wikipedia:Lung] comment: respiration organ in all air-breathing animals, including most tetrapods, a few fish and a few snails. In mammals and the more complex life forms, the two lungs are located in the chest on either side of the heart. Their principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere. This exchange of gases is accomplished in the mosaic of specialized cells that form millions of tiny, exceptionally thin-walled air sacs called alveoli. // Avian lungs do not have alveoli as mammalian lungs do, they have Faveolar lungs. They contain millions of tiny passages known as para-bronchi, connected at both ends by the dorsobronchi // Snakes and limbless lizards typically possess only the right lung as a major respiratory organ; the left lung is greatly reduced, or even absent. Amphisbaenians, however, have the opposite arrangement, with a major left lung, and a reduced or absent right lung [WP] subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pulmo" EXACT LATIN [] xref: AAO:0000275 xref: AAO:0010567 xref: BTO:0000763 xref: EFO:0000934 xref: EHDAA2:0001042 xref: EHDAA:1554 xref: EHDAA:2205 xref: EMAPA:16728 xref: EV:0100042 xref: FMA:7195 xref: GAID:345 xref: galen:Lung xref: MA:0000415 xref: MAT:0000135 xref: MESH:A.04.411 xref: MIAA:0000135 xref: ncithesaurus:Lung xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181216001 xref: VHOG:0000310 xref: XAO:0000119 is_a: UBERON:0000117 {source="GO"} ! respiratory tube is_a: UBERON:0000171 ! respiration organ is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000118 ! lung bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0000170 {note="some species only have a single lung"} ! pair of lungs relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0009778 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! pleural sac property_value: external_definition "Either of two organs which allow gas exchange absorbing oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide with exhaled air.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010567", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:SBH"} property_value: homology_notes "Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata. (...) In actinopterygian fishes, apart from Cladistia, the ventral intestinal pocket migrates dorsally and becomes the swim-bladder, a mainly hydrostatical organ (reference 1); Comparative transcriptome analyses indicate molecular homology of zebrafish swimbladder and Mammalian lung (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000310", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.210, DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0024019 Zheng W, Wang Z, Collins JE, Andrews RM, Stemple D, Gong Z, Comparative transcriptome analyses indicate molecular homology of zebrafish swimbladder and Mammalian lung. PLoS One (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002049 name: vasculature def: "an interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism[ZFA]. Examples: vasculature of lung, vasculature of face." [ZFA:0005249] comment: see also: vascular system. Consider merging? subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "vascular network" EXACT [FMA:69050] xref: BTO:0003718 xref: FMA:69050 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Circulatory_System_en.svg/200px-Circulatory_System_en.svg.png xref: TAO:0005249 xref: ZFA:0005249 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cluster relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000055 ! vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0007798 ! vascular system [Term] id: UBERON:0002050 name: embryonic structure def: "Anatomical structure that is part of an embryo." [BTO:0000174, ZFIN:curator] comment: Note in FMA embryo is_a embryonic structure subset: inconsistent_with_fma subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "developing embryonic structure" EXACT [FBbt:00004208] synonym: "developing structure" RELATED [] synonym: "embryonale Struktur" RELATED [BTO:0000174] synonym: "embryonic anatomical structure" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003169] xref: AAO:0000138 xref: AEO:0000125 xref: BILA:0000034 xref: BTO:0000174 xref: EFO:0000461 xref: FBbt:00004208 xref: FMA:69067 xref: GAID:407 xref: MESH:A.16 xref: ncithesaurus:Embryonic_Structure xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003169 xref: SCTID:667009 xref: TAO:0001105 xref: VSAO:0000178 xref: XAO:0003042 xref: ZFA:0001105 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000138", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001105", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is part of the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000178", ontology="VSAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002051 name: epithelium of bronchiole def: "An epithelium that is part of a bronchiole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Note that in FMA2 and FMA3, lobular bronchiole is an exact synonym of bronchiole; however there are two distinct terms for the corresponding epithelium. synonym: "bronchiolar epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0001866] synonym: "bronchiole epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiole epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobular bronchiole epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobular bronchiole epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001866 xref: FMA:62497 xref: FMA:69077 xref: MA:0001772 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchiole_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium is_a: UBERON:0002031 ! epithelium of bronchus is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0005039 ! mucosa of bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0002052 name: capsule of adrenal gland comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "adrenal gland capsule" EXACT [] xref: FMA:69087 xref: MA:0000117 xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Gland_Capsule is_a: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002369 intersection_of: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002369 ! adrenal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0002053 name: zona glomerulosa of adrenal gland def: "The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland is the most superficial layer of the adrenal cortex, lying directly beneath the adrenal gland's capsule. Its cells are ovoid in shape and are arranged in clusters or arches. In response to increased potassium levels, renin or decreased blood flow to the kidneys, cells of the zona glomerulosa produce and secrete the mineralocorticoid aldosterone into the blood as part of the renin-angiotensin system. Aldosterone regulates the body's concentration of electrolytes, primarily sodium and potassium, by acting on the distal convoluted tubule of kidney nephrons to: increase sodium reabsorption increase potassium excretion increase water reabsorption through osmosis The enzyme aldosterone synthase acts in this location. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zona_glomerulosa] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland zona glomerulosa" EXACT [MA:0001891] synonym: "glomerulosa" RELATED [BTO:0000048] synonym: "zona glomerulosa" EXACT [] synonym: "zona glomerulosa of suprarenal gland" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000048 xref: FMA:69225 xref: GAID:449 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray1185.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray1185.png/200px-Gray1185.png xref: MA:0001891 xref: MESH:A.06.407.071.140.960 xref: SCTID:21476003 is_a: UBERON:0009753 {source="MA"} ! adrenal gland cortex zone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002054 name: zona fasciculata of adrenal gland def: "The zona fasciculata constitutes the middle zone of the adrenal cortex, sitting directly beneath the zona glomerulosa. Constituent cells are organized into bundles or 'fascicles'. The zona fasciculata chiefly produces glucocorticoids (mainly cortisol in the human), which regulates the metabolism of glucose, especially in times of stress (e.g. , part of the fight-or-flight response). This tissue also generates a small amount of weak androgens. In certain animals such as rodents, the lack of 17alpha-hydroxylase results in the synthesis of corticosterone instead of cortisol. Steroid-producing adrenal tumours and hyperplasias of the zona fasciculata result in excess cortisol production and are the cause for adrenal Cushing's syndrome. The genetic disorder McCune-Albright syndrome can also present Cushing's syndrome in affected patients. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zona_fasciculata] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland zona fasciculata" EXACT [MA:0001890] synonym: "zona fasciculata" EXACT [] synonym: "zona fasciculata of suprarenal gland" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000050 xref: FMA:69234 xref: GAID:448 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray1185.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray1185.png/200px-Gray1185.png xref: MA:0001890 xref: MESH:A.06.407.071.140.950 xref: SCTID:56069004 is_a: UBERON:0009753 {source="MA"} ! adrenal gland cortex zone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002055 name: zona reticularis of adrenal gland def: "The zona reticularis is the innermost layer of the adrenal cortex, lying deep to the zona fasciculata and superficial to the adrenal medulla. The cells are arranged cords that project in different directions giving a net-like appearance (L. reticulum - net). Cells in the zona reticularis produce precursor androgens including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione from cholesterol. DHEA is further converted to DHEA-sulfate via a sulfotransferase, SULT2A1. These precursors are not further converted in the adrenal cortex as the cells lack 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Instead, they are released into the blood stream and taken up in the testis and ovaries to produce testosterone and the estrogens respectively. In some animals like rodents, the reticularis layer does contain 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which along with other enzymes present results in the production of corticosteroids like the fasciculata. In rodents too, the lack of 17alpha-hydroxylase results in the synthesis of corticosterone instead of cortisol as in the human. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zona_reticularis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal gland zona reticularis" EXACT [MA:0001892] synonym: "zona reticularis" EXACT [] synonym: "zona reticularis of suprarenal gland" EXACT [] xref: FMA:69236 xref: GAID:450 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray1185.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray1185.png/200px-Gray1185.png xref: MA:0001892 xref: MESH:A.06.407.071.140.970 xref: SCTID:47325000 is_a: UBERON:0009753 {source="MA"} ! adrenal gland cortex zone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001235 ! adrenal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002056 name: inferior suprarenal artery def: "Each renal artery gives off some small inferior suprarenal branches to the suprarenal gland, the ureter, and the surrounding cellular tissue and muscles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_suprarenal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria suprarenalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_suprarenal_artery] xref: FMA:69264 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Gray1121.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Gray1121.png/200px-Gray1121.png xref: MA:0002056 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Suprarenal_Artery xref: SCTID:303426004 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0002057 name: phrenic artery def: "The inferior phrenic arteries are two small vessels, which supply the diaphragm but present much variety in their origin. They may arise separately from the front of the aorta, immediately above the celiac artery, or by a common trunk, which may spring either from the aorta or from the celiac artery. Sometimes one is derived from the aorta, and the other from one of the renal arteries; they rarely arise as separate vessels from the aorta. They diverge from one another across the crura of the diaphragm, and then run obliquely upward and lateralward upon its under surface. The left phrenic passes behind the esophagus, and runs forward on the left side of the esophageal hiatus. The right phrenic passes behind the inferior vena cava, and along the right side of the foramen which transmits that vein. Near the back part of the central tendon each vessel divides into a medial and a lateral branch. The medial branch curves forward, and anastomoses with its fellow of the opposite side, and with the musculophrenic and pericardiacophrenic arteries. The lateral branch passes toward the side of the thorax, and anastomoses with the lower intercostal arteries, and with the musculophrenic. The lateral branch of the right phrenic gives off a few vessels to the inferior vena cava; and the left one, some branches to the esophagus. Each vessel gives off superior suprarenal branches to the suprarenal gland of its own side. The spleen and the liver also receive a few twigs from the left and right vessels respectively. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Phrenic_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:69330 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Gray531.png/200px-Gray531.png xref: MA:0002019 xref: ncithesaurus:Phrenic_Artery is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery [Term] id: UBERON:0002058 name: ciliary ganglion def: "The ciliary ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located in the posterior orbit. It measures 1–2 millimeters in diameter and contains approximately 2,500 neurons. Preganglionic axons from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus form synapses with these cells. The postganglionic axons run in the short ciliary nerves and innervate two eye muscles: the sphincter pupillae constricts the pupil, known as Miosis. The opposite, Mydriasis, is the dilation of the pupil. the ciliaris muscle contracts, releasing tension on the Zonular Fibers, making the lens more convex, also known as accommodation. Both of these muscles are involuntary – they are controlled by the autonomic nervous system. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck.. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion ciliare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ciliary_ganglion] xref: EFO:0002559 xref: EHDAA2:0000251 xref: EHDAA:5623 xref: EMAPA:18222 xref: FMA:6964 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Augennerven.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Augennerven.jpg/200px-Augennerven.jpg xref: MA:0001136 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100304 xref: SCTID:279281007 xref: VHOG:0000805 is_a: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion property_value: homology_notes "Little is known about the development of parasympathetic neurons apart from the ciliary ganglion in chicks. Although there are considerable gaps in our knowledge, some of the mechanisms controlling sympathetic and enteric neuron development appear to be conserved between mammals, avians and zebrafish.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000805", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.002 Young HM, Cane KN, Anderson CR, Development of the autonomic nervous system: A comparative view. Autonomic Neuroscience : basic and clinical (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002059 name: submandibular ganglion def: "The submandibular ganglion (or submaxillary ganglion in older texts) is part of the human autonomic nervous system. It is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head and neck.. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submandibular_ganglion] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Blandin`s ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0001318] synonym: "ganglion submandibulare" RELATED [BTO:0001318] synonym: "ganglion submandibulare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Submandibular_ganglion] synonym: "lingual ganglion" RELATED [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=2979467&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, MA:0002470] synonym: "maxillary ganglion" RELATED [MA:0002470] synonym: "submaxillary ganglion" RELATED [MA:0002470] xref: BTO:0001318 xref: EHDAA2:0001942 xref: EHDAA:6710 xref: FMA:6966 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Gray778.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/83/Gray778.png/200px-Gray778.png xref: MA:0002470 xref: ncithesaurus:Submandibular_Ganglion xref: SCTID:279282000 is_a: UBERON:0001808 {source="MA"} ! parasympathetic ganglion is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland [Term] id: UBERON:0002060 name: femoral artery def: "The femoral artery is a large artery in the muscles of the thigh. It is a continuation of external iliac artery where it enters the femoral triangle at the mid inguinal point behind the inguinal ligament. It leaves femoral triangle through apex beneath the sartorius muscle. It enters the popliteal fossa by passing through the 5th osseo-aponeurotic(adductor hiatus) opening of adductor magnus where it becomes the Popliteal Artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Femoral_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria femoralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femoral_artery] xref: AAO:0010222 xref: BTO:0001624 xref: FMA:70248 xref: GAID:494 xref: galen:FemoralArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray546.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray546.png/200px-Gray546.png xref: MA:0001951 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.351 xref: ncithesaurus:Femoral_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwHMI05wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244332003 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery property_value: external_definition "Artery which supplies blood via branches to the hindlimbs.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010222", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002061 name: truncus arteriosus def: "The truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis are divided by the aorticopulmonary septum. The truncus arteriosus gives rise to the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk. The bulbus cordis gives rise to the smooth parts (outflow tract) of the left and right ventricles." [Wikipedia:Truncus_arteriosus_(embryology)] comment: AO notes: assume spelling error for ncit subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0004143 xref: FMA:70301 xref: GAID:554 xref: MA:0000103 xref: MESH:A.07.541.278.930 xref: ncithesaurus:Trancus_Arteriosus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rquH9YKgNEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: SCTID:308828009 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="EHDAA2"} ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003498 ! heart blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005432 {source="EHDAA2"} ! aortic sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 {source="MA"} ! outflow tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0005498 {source="EHDAA2"} ! primitive heart tube [Term] id: UBERON:0002062 name: endocardial cushion def: "The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves[GO]. Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves[ZFA]." [GO:0003197, Wikipedia:Endocardial_cushion, ZFIN:curator] comment: GO graph seems to suggest this is an endothelium. WP: The endocardial cushions are thought to arise from a subset of endothelial cells that undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transformation, a process whereby these cells break cell-to-cell contacts and migrate into the cardiac jelly (towards to interior of the heart tube). Latest (2010-06-01) new def suggested for GO, added above. Note that EHDAA2 has a more detailed model which we may later adopt. JB: Patterning makes the cushions lay down connective tissue in three domains that force out the local endothelial lining and so the leaflets form subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "atrioventricular cushion" EXACT [Wikipedia:Endocardial_cushion] synonym: "AVC cushion" EXACT [] synonym: "cardiac cushion" EXACT [PMID:15797462] synonym: "endocardial cushion tissue" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000434] synonym: "endocardial cushions" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: EHDAA2:0000434 xref: EHDAA2:0004028 xref: EHDAA:2586 xref: EMAPA:16696 xref: FMA:70302 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gray465.png/200px-Gray465.png xref: MA:0000078 xref: TAO:0001317 xref: VHOG:0000932 xref: XAO:0004189 xref: ZFA:0001317 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0009751 ! cardiac mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002", source="Wikipedia"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 {source="ZFA"} ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0002165 {source="ZFA"} ! endocardium property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from endocardial ring (TAO:0005072)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001317", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001317", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes " (Cardiac valve formation in vertebrates) In response to a myocardial signal, endocardial cells at chamber boundaries take on a mesenchymal character, delaminate and migrate into the cardiac jelly. There, they form an endocardial cushion that is later remodelled into a valve.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000932", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/35047564 Stainier DYR, Zebrafish genetics and vertebrate heart formation. Nature Reviews Genetics (2001) Figure 3", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002063 name: sinus venosus def: "The sinus venosus is a large quadrangular cavity which precedes the atrium on the venous side of the chordate heart. In humans, it exists distinctly only in the embryonic heart, where it is found between the two venae cavae. In the adult, it is incorporated into the wall of the right atrium to form a smooth part called the sinus venarum, also known as the venarum sinus, which is separated from the rest of the atrium by a ridge of fibres called the crista terminalis. The sinus venosus also forms the SA node and the coronary sinus. In the embryo, the thin walls of the sinus venosus are connected below with the right ventricle, and medially with the left atrium, but are free in the rest of their extent. It receives blood from the vitelline vein, umbilical vein and common cardinal vein. It originally starts as a paired structure but shifts towards associating only with the right atrium as the embryonic heart develops. The left portion shrinks in size and eventually forms the coronary sinus and oblique vein of the left atrium, whereas the right part becomes incorporated into the right atrium to form the sinus venarum." [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus] comment: In zebrafish, "the sinus venosus also acts as a pacemaker and is the first to contract"[ZFA:0000154] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "inflow tract" EXACT [ZFA:0000154] synonym: "sinus venarum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus] synonym: "sinus venosus cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus] synonym: "venarum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus] synonym: "venarum sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus] synonym: "venosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sinus_venosus] xref: AAO:0010505 xref: EHDAA2:0001839 xref: EHDAA:480 xref: EMAPA:16237 xref: FMA:70303 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Gray465.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gray465.png/200px-Gray465.png xref: ncithesaurus:Sinus_Venarum xref: ncithesaurus:Sinus_Venosus xref: TAO:0000154 xref: VHOG:0000177 xref: ZFA:0000154 is_a: UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber disjoint_from: UBERON:0006615 ! venous sinus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007278 {source="ZFA"} ! presumptive sinus venosus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 {source="VHOG"} ! conducting system of heart property_value: external_definition "Heart region collecting blood from the paired common cardinal veins and delivering to the atrium. One of four components of the heart. The sinus venosus also acts as a pacemaker and is the first to contract. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000154", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system which receives blood from the systemic veins and contracts to pump the blood into the atrium of the heart.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010505", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000177", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0721676678 Romer AS, Vertebrate body (1970) p.428", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002064 name: common cardinal vein def: "Either of a pair of large transverse venous sinuses that conduct blood from the cardinal veins to the sinus venosus of the vertebrate embryo." [BTO:0004388, Wikipedia:Common_cardinal_veins] comment: Taxon notes: Paired in gnathostomes; with only a vestige of the right duct in the adult hagfish (21) and the left duct atrophying at metamorphosis in the lamprey (22)[PMID:20959416, S1] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "Cuvierian duct" RELATED [] synonym: "duct of Cuvier" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011033 xref: BTO:0004388 xref: EHDAA2:0000304 xref: EHDAA:1314 xref: EMAPA:16356 xref: FMA:70308 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray477.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Gray477.svg/200px-Gray477.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Common_Cardinal_Vein xref: SCTID:308783008 xref: TAO:0000186 xref: VHOG:0000112 xref: XAO:0000373 xref: ZFA:0000186 is_a: UBERON:0003513 ! trunk blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004344 ! cardinal vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002201 ! vasculature of trunk property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of cardinal system (TAO:0000096)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000186", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Bilaterally paired longitudinal vein; the anterior cardinal returns blood from the head, and the posterior cardinal returns it from the trunk; these two vessels join together on each side as the common cardinal vein (duct of Cuvier; misnamed the vitelline vein) that leads across the yolk cell to the heart's sinus venosus. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000186", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Bilaterally paired longitudinal vein; the anterior cardinal returns blood from the head, and the posterior cardinal returns it from the trunk; these two vessels join together on each side as the common cardinal vein, also known as the duct of Cuvier that leads to the heart's sinus venosus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011033", ontology="AAO", source="ZFA:0000186"} property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryonic pattern is retained, and blood from anterior and posterior systemic tissues is returned in anterior and posterior cardinal veins, both pairs of veins uniting in common cardinal veins near the heart. In derived vertebrates, the cardinals appear but usually persist only in the embryo, being functionally replaced by alternative adult vessels, the precava and postcava (anterior and posterior venae cavae).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000112", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.462", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002065 name: postcardinal vein def: "Continuation of the caudal vein cranial to the anal pore. The cardinal vein splits into a pair of vessels in the cranial trunk, just caudal to the radix of the aorta. The posterior cardinals each empty into the common cardinal vein. " [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "axial vein" RELATED [] synonym: "caudal cardinal veins" RELATED [] synonym: "PCV" RELATED [] synonym: "posterior cardinal vein" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010511 xref: BTO:0004386 xref: EHDAA2:0001486 xref: EHDAA:1316 xref: EMAPA:16357 xref: FMA:70314 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Cardinal_Vein xref: SCTID:308781005 xref: TAO:0000477 xref: VHOG:0000111 xref: XAO:0000241 xref: ZFA:0000477 is_a: UBERON:0003513 ! trunk blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004344 ! cardinal vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002201 ! vasculature of trunk property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of axial vasculature (TAO:0001073)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000477", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of cardinal system (TAO:0000096)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000477", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Continuation of the caudal vein cranial to the anal pore. The cardinal vein splits into a pair of vessels in the cranial trunk, just caudal to the radix of the aorta. The posterior cardinals each empty into the common cardinal vein. [TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000477", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Either of two veins which receive blood as an alternate route from the kidneys.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010511", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryonic pattern is retained, and blood from anterior and posterior systemic tissues is returned in anterior and posterior cardinal veins, both pairs of veins uniting in common cardinal veins near the heart. In derived vertebrates, the cardinals appear but usually persist only in the embryo, being functionally replaced by alternative adult vessels, the precava and postcava (anterior and posterior venae cavae).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000111", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.462", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002066 name: umbilical vein def: "The umbilical vein is a blood vessel present during fetal development that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the growing fetus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Umbilical_vein] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena umbilicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Umbilical_vein] xref: BTO:0001509 xref: EFO:0001940 xref: EHDAA:1034 xref: EHDAA:488 xref: EMAPA:16243 xref: EMAPA:16375 xref: EV:0100392 xref: FMA:70317 xref: GAID:542 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Gray502.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Gray502.png/200px-Gray502.png xref: MA:0002249 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.670.874 xref: ncithesaurus:Umbilical_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rdu17MmWaEd2AAABQjYGu0g xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002107 xref: SCTID:367567000 xref: VHOG:0000015 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0010260 ! umbilical blood vessel relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002331 {source="cjm"} ! umbilical cord property_value: external_definition "Extraembryonic part of the vein passing through the umbilical cord to the fetus and returning the purified and nutrient blood from the placenta. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000015", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002067 name: dermis def: "The dermis is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the skin) and subcutaneous tissues, and is composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Dermis, ZFIN:curator] comment: Editor notes: Consider adding a layer-of-skin grouping class for all skin layers subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "corium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dermis] synonym: "corium" RELATED [BTO:0000294] synonym: "cutis" RELATED [BTO:0000294] synonym: "vertebrate dermis" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000128 xref: BTO:0000294 xref: EFO:0000953 xref: EV:0100154 xref: FMA:70323 xref: GAID:1321 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/EpidermisPainted.svg xref: MA:0000152 xref: MAT:0000153 xref: MESH:A.17.815.180 xref: MIAA:0000153 xref: ncithesaurus:Dermis xref: SCTID:361696001 xref: TAO:0001119 xref: VHOG:0000108 xref: XAO:0000217 xref: ZFA:0001119 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 {source="FMA"} ! organ component layer is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010083 {evidence="definitional"} ! future dermis relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 {source="FMA"} ! skin of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument property_value: external_definition "A collagenous layer of the skin subjacent to the epidermis and covering the hypodermis. It contains various types of cells (e.g. fibroblasts, pigment cells, nerve, blood vessels and scales. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001119", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "When approaching controversies surrounding skin evolution, we need to remember that the skin consists of two layers, an epidermis and a dermis, not a single evolving structure. (...) It is little wonder that controversies about homology exist. If we think of the epidermis, the dermis, and their interactions as an evolving unit, then their specialized products (hair, feathers, and reptilian scales) are broadly homologous.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000108", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.231-232 see also p.209 and p.228 and Figure 6-1", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002068 name: urachus def: "The urachus is an embryological canal connecting the urinary bladder of the fetus with the allantois, a structure that contributes to the formation of the umbilical cord. The lumen (inside) of the urachus is normally obliterated during embryonic development, transforming the urachus into a solid cord, a functionless remnant. The urachus lies in the space of Retzius, between the transversalis fascia anteriorly and the peritoneum posteriorly. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Urachus] comment: TODO check. Wikipedia and DBPedia disagree - is this a remnant of the allantois? subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0002137 xref: EHDAA:7016 xref: EHDAA:9332 xref: EMAPA:18323 xref: FMA:70343 xref: GAID:1313 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray1156.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray1156.png/200px-Gray1156.png xref: MA:0001701 xref: MESH:A.16.254.835 xref: ncithesaurus:Urachus xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002138 xref: SCTID:276858000 xref: VHOG:0000735 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="EHDAA2"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004340 {source="EHDAA2"} ! allantois relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 {source="EHDAA2"} ! urinary bladder property_value: external_definition "A fetal canal connecting the bladder with the allantois, persisting throughout life as a cord (median umbilical ligament). [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000735", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/urachus"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002069 name: stratum granulosum of epidermis def: "A layer of the epidermis found between the stratum corneum (and possibly stratum lucidum) and stratum spinosum.[1] In this layer, keratinocytes are now called granular cells, and contain keratohyalin and lamellar granules." [Wikipedia:Stratum_granulosum] synonym: "epidermis granular layer" RELATED [] synonym: "epidermis stratum granulosum" EXACT [] synonym: "granular layer of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:70344] synonym: "stratum granulosum" EXACT [BTO:0000361] xref: BTO:0000361 xref: FMA:70344 xref: MA:0000805 xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Granulosum xref: SCTID:418563001 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002026 ! stratum spinosum of epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis [Term] id: UBERON:0002070 name: superior pancreaticoduodenal artery def: "The superior pancreaticoduodenal artery is an artery that supplies blood to the duodenum and pancreas. It is a branch of the gastroduodenal artery, which comes from the common hepatic artery of the celiac trunk. The common hepatic itself becomes the proper hepatic after giving off the gastroduodenal artery and goes on to supply the right and left lobes of the liver. The term superior distinguishes the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery from the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, which a branch of the superior mesenteric artery. These arteries, together with the pancreatic branches of the splenic artery, form connections or anastomoses with one another, allowing blood to perfuse the pancreas and duodenum through multiple channels. The artery splits into two branches: the anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery supplies the anterior margins of the duodenum and pancreas the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery supplies the posterior margins of these organs [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_pancreaticoduodenal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria pancreaticoduodenalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_pancreaticoduodenal_artery] synonym: "bauchspeicheldrüsenzwölffingerdarmpulsader@de" EXACT [http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/MuscularSystem/Terminology.shtml] synonym: "superior pancreatico-duodenal artery" EXACT [] synonym: "superior pancreatoduodenal artery" EXACT [http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/MuscularSystem/Terminology.shtml] xref: FMA:70437 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Gray533.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Gray533.png/200px-Gray533.png xref: MA:0002015 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Pancreatico-Duodenal_Artery xref: SCTID:244272009 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0009658 ! pancreaticoduodenal artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0010132 ! gastroduodenal artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0002071 name: stratum lucidum of epidermis def: "the layer of lightly staining corneocytes foud between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum layers; found primarily in the thick epidermis of the palmar and plantar skin and is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes." [MP:0009610, Wikipedia:Stratum_lucidum] comment: Located between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum layers, it is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes. he keratinocytes of the stratum lucidum do not feature distinct boundaries and are filled with eleidin, an intermediate form of keratin. synonym: "epidermis stratum lucidum" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum conjunctum of epidermis" EXACT [] synonym: "stratum lucidum" BROAD [BTO:0000364] xref: BTO:0000364 xref: FMA:70540 xref: MA:0000806 xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Conjunctum xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Lucidum xref: SCTID:419156002 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002027 ! stratum corneum of epidermis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002069 ! stratum granulosum of epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis [Term] id: UBERON:0002072 name: hypodermis def: "Lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages. It is derived from the mesoderm, but unlike the dermis, it is not derived from the dermatome region of the mesoderm. The hypodermis is used mainly for fat storage[WP]. A layer separating the inner face of the dermis from the subjacent muscle cells. It is covered on both sides by a basement membrane. It contains pigment cells[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Hypodermis] comment: AO Notes: BTO has 'subcutis', as part of dermis. We follow FMA in having distinct classes for hypoderis and superficial fascia, and including these as part of the non-skin intgeument. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "hypoderm" EXACT [] synonym: "sub-tegumental tissue" RELATED [BTO:0004525] synonym: "subcutaneous tissue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hypodermis] synonym: "subcutis" RELATED [] synonym: "subtegumental tissue" RELATED [BTO:0004525] synonym: "superficial fascia" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "tela subcutanea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypodermis] synonym: "vertebrate hypodermis" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001314 xref: FMA:70544 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Skin.svg/200px-Skin.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Subcutis xref: TAO:0001136 xref: ZFA:0001136 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 {source="ZFA"} ! integument property_value: external_definition "A layer separating the inner face of the dermis from the subjacent muscle cells. It is covered on both sides by a basement membrane. It contains pigment cells. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001136", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002073 name: hair follicle def: "a tube-like opening in the epidermis where the hair shaft develops and into which the sebaceous glands open[GO]." [Wikipedia:Hair_follicle] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "folliculus pili" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hair_follicle] xref: BTO:0000554 xref: EFO:0002464 xref: EMAPA:18771 xref: EMAPA:29741 xref: EV:0100156 xref: FMA:70660 xref: GAID:934 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Hair_follicle-en.svg xref: MA:0000154 xref: MESH:A.10.272.497.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Hair_Follicle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjOI5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280830006 xref: VHOG:0001268 is_a: UBERON:0000025 ! tube is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005086 ! hair follicle placode relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 {source="FMA"} ! epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0011932 {source="FMA"} ! pilosebaceous unit property_value: homology_notes "The earliest reliable record of hair is found in a fossil of the Paleocene period, in which the structure of hair cuticles is preserved. Its appearance suggests that the complicated structure of the hair follicle, closely similar to that of present-day mammals, had already appeared at this time.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001268", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-4431998051 Morioka K, Hair follicle: differentiation under the electron microscope, An atlas (2005) p.3", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002074 name: hair shaft def: "The non-growing portion of a hair which protrudes from the skin, i.e., from the follicle[BTO]. the cuticle, and/or cortex and/or medulla of a hair[MP]." [BTO:0004672, MP:0003809] comment: TODO - add distinct subclasses for coat hair vs vibrissa hair synonym: "scapus pili" RELATED [BTO:0004672] xref: BTO:0004672 xref: FMA:70728 xref: MA:0000159 xref: ncithesaurus:Shaft_of_the_Hair xref: SCTID:361359004 is_a: UBERON:0000021 ! cutaneous appendage is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001037 {source="FMA"} ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0002075 name: viscus def: "An organ that is located within the body cavity (or in its extension, in the scrotum); it consists of organ parts that are embryologically derived from endoderm, splanchnic mesoderm or intermediate mesoderm; together with other organs, the viscus constitutes the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, reproductive and immune systems, or is the central organ of the cardiovascular system. Examples: heart, lung, esophagus, kidney, ovary, spleen. // An internal organ of the body; especially: one (as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper." [BTO:0001491, Wikipedia:Viscus] comment: general anatomical term in FMA. Note that we place the MA class here temporarily, although properly systems should be distinguished from organs subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: upper_level synonym: "viscera" RELATED [] synonym: "visceral organ" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002201] synonym: "visceral organ system" EXACT [MA:0000019] xref: AAO:0010386 xref: BTO:0001491 xref: EHDAA:512 xref: EMAPA:16245 xref: FMA:7085 xref: MA:0000019 xref: MESH:A.01.960 xref: ncithesaurus:Viscera xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002201 xref: SCTID:118760003 xref: XAO:0003034 is_a: UBERON:0005177 ! trunk organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002323 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen property_value: external_definition "An internal organ of the body; especially: one (as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010386", ontology="AAO", source="BTO:0001491"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002076 name: cuticle of hair comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hair cuticle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:70933 xref: MA:0000157 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0002077 name: cortex of hair def: "A cortex that is part of a hair [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "coat hair cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "coat/hair cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cortex of coat hair" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cortex of coat/hair" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hair cortex" EXACT [] xref: FMA:70934 xref: MA:0000156 xref: SCTID:318832008 is_a: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001037 intersection_of: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair relationship: part_of UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0002078 name: right atrium def: "Right cardiac chamber which is continuous with the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Right_atrium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "atrium dextrum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_atrium] synonym: "cardiac right atrium" EXACT [] synonym: "heart right atrium" EXACT [] synonym: "right atrium of heart" EXACT [] synonym: "right cardiac atrium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010248 xref: BTO:0001703 xref: EHDAA2:0000290 xref: EMAPA:17321 xref: FMA:7096 xref: galen:RightAtrium xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png xref: MA:0000075 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Atrium xref: OpenCyc:Mx4runNcs6fqEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rDJ89oqgPEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: SCTID:244383003 xref: VHOG:0000328 xref: XAO:0003192 is_a: UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000328", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002079 name: left atrium def: "Left cardiac chamber which is continuous with the pulmonary venous trunk.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Left_atrium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "atrium sinistrum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_atrium] synonym: "cardiac left atrium" EXACT [] synonym: "heart left atrium" EXACT [] synonym: "left atrium of heart" EXACT [] synonym: "left cardiac atrium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010247 xref: BTO:0001702 xref: EHDAA2:0000275 xref: EMAPA:17315 xref: FMA:7097 xref: galen:LeftAtrium xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png xref: MA:0000074 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Atrium xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rkJN1AagEEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rDJ89oqgPEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: SCTID:244387002 xref: VHOG:0000369 xref: XAO:0003191 is_a: UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000369", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002080 name: heart right ventricle def: "Right cardiac chamber which is continuous with the pulmonary arterial trunk.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Right_ventricle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cardiac right ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "right ventricle" EXACT [FMA:7098] synonym: "right ventricle of heart" EXACT [] synonym: "ventriculus dexter" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_ventricle] xref: BTO:0001630 xref: EHDAA2:0000196 xref: EMAPA:17340 xref: FMA:7098 xref: galen:RightVentricle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png xref: MA:0000093 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Ventricle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rRMlc0KgNEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244384009 xref: VHOG:0000717 is_a: UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009889 {source="PMID:17276708"} ! secondary heart field relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004706 {source="cjm"} ! bulbus cordis relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart property_value: external_definition "The muscular chamber on the right and in front of the left ventricle. It generally receives venous blood from the right atrium and conveys it into the pulmonary artery. [(1988)_Dorian_AF, Amsterdam, Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B._Anatomy, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier's_Encyclopaedic_Dictionary_of_Medicine][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000717", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002081 name: cardiac atrium def: "Cardiac chamber which consists of a wall that surrounds the cavity of an atrium.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Heart_atrium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "atria" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "atrial tissue" RELATED [BTO:0000903] synonym: "atrium" EXACT [ZFA:0000471] synonym: "atrium of heart" EXACT [] synonym: "Cardiac atria" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "cardiac atria" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "heart atrium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010246 xref: BTO:0000903 xref: EFO:0000277 xref: EFO:0000314 xref: EHDAA2:0000154 xref: EHDAA:1265 xref: EMAPA:16688 xref: EV:0100019 xref: FMA:7099 xref: GAID:555 xref: galen:Atrium xref: MA:0000073 xref: MAT:0000496 xref: MESH:A.07.541.358 xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Atrium xref: SCTID:261405004 xref: TAO:0000471 xref: VHOG:0000175 xref: ZFA:0000471 is_a: UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010227 ! future cardiac atrium property_value: external_definition "One of four heart chambers.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000471", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "One of two chambers of the heart which receive blood from the veins and forces it by muscular contration to the ventricle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010246", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000175", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0721676678 Romer AS, Vertebrate body (1970) p.428", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002082 name: cardiac ventricle def: "Cardiac chamber which consists of a wall that surrounds the cavity of a ventricle." [FMA:7100] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "heart ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "lower chamber of heart" EXACT [] synonym: "ventricle" BROAD [] synonym: "ventricle of heart" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010249 xref: BTO:0000862 xref: EFO:0000317 xref: EHDAA2:0004164 xref: EHDAA:1912 xref: EMAPA:17331 xref: EV:0100020 xref: FMA:7100 xref: GAID:568 xref: galen:Ventricle xref: MA:0000091 xref: MAT:0000497 xref: MESH:A.07.541.560 xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Ventricle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:277699000 xref: TAO:0000009 xref: VHOG:0000435 xref: XAO:0003193 xref: ZFA:0000009 is_a: UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010226 ! future cardiac ventricle property_value: external_definition "A chamber of the heart that receives blood from one or more atria and pumps it by muscular contraction into the arteries.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010249", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "One of four heart chambers.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000009", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In the primitive vertebrate heart the four chambers are: 1. Sinus venosus (...) 2. Atrium (...) 3. Ventricle (...) 4. Conus arteriosus (...)[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000435", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0721676678 Romer AS, Vertebrate body (1970) p.428", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002083 name: ductus venosus def: "In the fetus, the ductus venosus shunts a significant majority (80%) of the blood flow of the umbilical vein directly to the inferior vena cava. Thus, it allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the liver. In conjunction with the other fetal shunts, the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus, it plays a critical role in preferentially shunting oxygenated blood to the fetal brain. The ductus venosus is open at the time of the birth and is the reason why umbilical vein catheterization works. Ductus venosus naturally closes during the first week of life in most full-term neonates; however, it may take much longer to close in pre-term neonates. Functional closure occurs within minutes of birth. Structural closure in term babies occurs within 3 to 7 days. After it closes, the remnant is known as ligamentum venosum[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ductus_venosus] comment: Editor notes: add class for fetal shunt? subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0000422 xref: EHDAA:5402 xref: EMAPA:17343 xref: FMA:71007 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Gray502.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Gray502.png/200px-Gray502.png xref: MA:0002111 xref: ncithesaurus:Ductus_Venosus xref: SCTID:304829005 xref: VHOG:0000924 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="EHDAA2"} ! vein relationship: branch_of UBERON:0005459 {source="cjm"} ! left umbilical vein relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005459 {source="EHDAA2"} ! left umbilical vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0011695 ! embryonic cardiovascular system property_value: external_definition "The vascular channel in the fetus passing through the liver and joining the umbilical vein with the inferior vena cava. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000924", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ductus+venosus"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002084 name: heart left ventricle def: "Left cardiac chamber which is continuous with the aorta.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Left_ventricle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cardiac left ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "left cardiac ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "left ventricle" EXACT [FMA:7101] synonym: "left ventricle of heart" EXACT [] synonym: "ventriculus sinister cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_ventricle] xref: BTO:0001629 xref: EHDAA2:0002178 xref: EMAPA:17337 xref: FMA:7101 xref: galen:LeftVentricle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png xref: MA:0000092 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Ventricle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rtW8v46gEEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjj1pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244385005 xref: VHOG:0000718 is_a: UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart property_value: external_definition "Thick-walled muscular chamber constituting the left border and apex of the heart. It receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium through the mitral orifice and send it off into the aorta. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000718", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The vertebrate heart initially forms as a tube from a population of precursor cells termed the first heart field (FHF). Cells from the adjacent second heart field (SHF) are then progressively added to the developing heart. In avian and mammalian hearts, the FHF contributes mainly to the left ventricle, whereas the SHF gives rise to the outflow tract and large portions of the right ventricle and atria. Both fields arise from common mesodermal progenitors, although the detailed lineage relationships between FHF and SHF remain uncertain.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000718", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1126/science.1190181 Stolfi A, Gainous TB, Young JJ, Mori A, Levine M, Christiaen L, Early chordate origins of the vertebrate second heart field. Science (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002085 name: interatrial septum def: "Cardiac septum which separates the right atrium from the left atrium.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Interatrial_septum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "atrial septum" EXACT [] synonym: "interatrial septal wall" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000838 xref: EHDAA:1896 xref: EMAPA:17011 xref: FMA:7108 xref: galen:InteratrialSeptum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray493.png xref: MA:0000084 xref: ncithesaurus:Interatrial_Septum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rpd49nLYEEduAAAACs2IKfQ xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwGvku5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362016003 xref: VHOG:0000385 is_a: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002078 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002079 intersection_of: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium property_value: external_definition "The partition separating the right and left atria of the heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000385", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/interatrial+septum"} property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000385", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002086 name: sinoatrial valve def: "A valve at the opening of the sinus venosus into the primordial atrium[TFD,modified]" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sinoatrial+valve] comment: Usage notes: in humans and mouse this is the opening from SV into right atrium. This class represents the valve connecting the SV to any atrium and is applicable to animals with a single atrium subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "sinuatrial valve" EXACT [MP:0011646] xref: FMA:71120 xref: TAO:0000680 xref: ZFA:0000680 is_a: UBERON:0000946 ! cardial valve is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: connects UBERON:0002063 {source="ZFA-modified"} ! sinus venosus relationship: connects UBERON:0002081 {source="ZFA-modified"} ! cardiac atrium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 {source="PMID:15797462", source="ZFA"} ! endocardial cushion [Term] id: UBERON:0002087 name: atrioventricular canal def: "The part of the heart connecting the atrium to the cardiac ventricle[ZFA]. In the developing heart, the constriction between the atrium and ventricle constitutes the atrial canal, and indicates the site of the future atrioventricular valves[WP]." [https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/38, Wikipedia:Atrioventricular_canal, ZFA:0001315] comment: AO notes - this is a lumen in EHDAA2. Development notes: The right side of the AVC becomes the tricuspid valve whereas the left side of the AVC will become the bicuspid valve subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "atrial canal" EXACT [Wikipedia:Atrial_canal] synonym: "atrio-ventricular canal" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000152] synonym: "AV canal" EXACT [] synonym: "canalis atrioventricularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Atrioventricular_canal] xref: EHDAA:764 xref: EMAPA:16546 xref: FMA:71121 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Gray464.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gray464.png/200px-Gray464.png xref: SCTID:341079007 xref: TAO:0001315 xref: VHOG:0001473 xref: XAO:0004123 xref: ZFA:0001315 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: connects UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: connects UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007279 {evidence="definitional", source="ZFA"} ! presumptive atrioventricular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0011820 {source="EHDAA2"} ! atrioventricular region property_value: external_definition "The canal connecting the primitive atrium and ventricle in fishes and amniotes embryo. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001473", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/atrioventricular+canal"} property_value: homology_notes "The heart is the first organ to form and function in a vertebrate. (...) Septation of the AV canal is initiated with the formation of inferior and superior endocardial cushions in response to signaling from the overlying myocardium. (...) Analysis of zebrafish mutants with cardiovascular defects uncovered a previously unexpected level of conservation between zebrafish and human cardiovascular physiology.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001473", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ddmec.2004.08.004 Haramis APG, Clevers HC, Holehearted: genetic approaches to congenital cardiac valve malformations. Drug Discovery Today: Disease Mechanisms (2004)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002088 name: lateral thoracic vein def: "The lateral thoracic vein is a tributary of the axillary vein. It runs with the lateral thoracic artery and drains the Serratus anterior muscle and the Pectoralis major muscle. Normally, the thoracoepigastric vein exists between this vein and superficial epigastric vein (a tributary of femoral vein), to act as a shunt for blood if the portal system (through the liver) develops hypertension or a blockage. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_thoracic_vein] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vena thoracica lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_thoracic_vein] xref: FMA:71210 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray576.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray576.png/200px-Gray576.png xref: MA:0002162 xref: SCTID:53595001 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 {source="FMA/obol"} ! axillary vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein [Term] id: UBERON:0002089 name: thoracodorsal vein comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:71213 xref: MA:0002238 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 {source="FMA/obol"} ! axillary vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein [Term] id: UBERON:0002090 name: postcranial axial skeleton def: "The post-cranial subdivision of skeleton structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; in Danio, consisting of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins; in human consists of the bones of the vertebral column, the thoracic cage and the pelvis[ZFA+FMA]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=2983975&group_id=76834&atid=974957, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=2983977&group_id=76834, ZFA:0000317] comment: previous some AOs had used the term 'axial skeleton' to include the skull. This is being resolved (see tracker items above). Status: MA - fixed. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "axial skeleton" BROAD [FMA:71221, UBERONREF:0000008] synonym: "post-cranial axial skeleton" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000034 xref: EHDAA2:0000161 xref: EHDAA:5049 xref: EMAPA:17214 xref: EMAPA:18043 xref: FMA:71221 xref: MA:0002986 xref: MAT:0000148 xref: MIAA:0000148 xref: TAO:0000317 xref: VHOG:0000317 xref: VSAO:0000093 xref: XAO:0003073 xref: ZFA:0000317 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome relationship: part_of UBERON:0005944 ! axial skeleton plus cranial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0011138 ! post-cranial axial skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000093", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: external_definition "The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, a metameric, semi-flexible, arched bar located in the dorsal part of the trunk, and is formed by a series of cartilaginous or bony vertebrae. It provides suspension for the appendicular skeleton and protection for the spinal nerve cord.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000034", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "The post-cranial structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; usually consists of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000317", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The axial musculoskeletal system represents the plesiomorphic locomotor engine of the vertebrate body, playing a central role in locomotion. In craniates, the evolution of the postcranial skeleton is characterized by two major transformations. First, the axial skeleton became increasingly functionally and morphologically regionalized. Second, the axial-based locomotion plesiomorphic for craniates became progressively appendage-based with the evolution of extremities in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000317", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1186/1742-9994-8-4 Schilling N, Evolution of the axial system in craniates: morphology and function of the perivertebral musculature. Frontiers in Zoology (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002091 name: entire appendicular skeleton def: "Subdivision of skeleton which which consists of all the skeletal elements in in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes[cjm]." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003, Wikipedia:Appendicular_skeleton] comment: Note that ontologies differ in whether they treat the term appendicular skeleton as being the entire set of bones in the limbs, or whether the fore and hind limbs/fins are treated as seperate appendicular skeletons. Here we follow FMA, and treat the appendicular skeleton as the sum total of skeletal elements in the organism (this is evidenced by the fact that in FMA, skeleton of left/right upper/lower limb is part_of a appendicular skeleton, and subtypes of 'subdivision of appendicular skeleton'). We have separate classes such as 'skeleton of limb', and 'skeleton of hindlimb' for the 4 parts of the appendicular skeleton. In future the ZFA/TAO classes may be moved. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "appendicular skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "paired fin skeleton" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "skeleton appendiculare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Appendicular_skeleton] xref: AAO:0000747 xref: EFO:0000951 xref: FMA:71222 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Appendicular_skeleton_diagram.svg xref: MA:0000290 xref: MAT:0000278 xref: MIAA:0000278 xref: ncithesaurus:Appendicular_Skeleton xref: SCTID:322050006 xref: VHOG:0001666 xref: VSAO:0000076 xref: XAO:0003166 is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000026 ! appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0011249 ! appendicular skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision consisting of all the skeletal elements in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000076", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170", source="UBERON:cjm"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000027", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "The pectoral and pelvic girdles, which articulate with the axial skeleton, together with their associated limbs, the forelimbs and hind limbs, form the appendicular skeleton.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000747", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002092 name: brain dura mater def: "the fibrous membrane forming the outer of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity; consists of two layers including the periosteal layer and the meningeal layer." [MP:0009025] synonym: "cranial dura mater" EXACT [FMA:71236] synonym: "dura mater encephali" EXACT [] synonym: "dura mater of brain" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17766 xref: EMAPA:17785 xref: EMAPA:17793 xref: EV:0100313 xref: FMA:71236 xref: MA:0000815 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Dura_Mater xref: SCTID:309321003 xref: VHOG:0000270 is_a: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater is_a: UBERON:0003547 ! brain meninx relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: external_definition "The outermost and densest membrane of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000270", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000270", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002093 name: spinal dura mater def: "A dura mater that is part of a spinal cord [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord dura mater" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17806 xref: FMA:71237 xref: MA:0001132 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Dura_Mater xref: SCTID:362302001 xref: VHOG:0000411 is_a: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater is_a: UBERON:0003292 ! meninx of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: external_definition "The outermost and densest membrane of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier, adapted_from_Dorian_AF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000411", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000411", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002094 name: interventricular septum def: "Cardiac septum which separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Interventricular_septum] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "heart interventricular septum" EXACT [MA:0000085] synonym: "heart ventricular septum" EXACT [MA:0000085] synonym: "interventricular septum of heart" RELATED [BTO:0002483] synonym: "interventriculare cordis" RELATED [BTO:0002483] synonym: "s. interventriculare cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Interventricular_septum] synonym: "ventricular septum" RELATED [MA:0000085] xref: BTO:0002483 xref: EFO:0001956 xref: EHDAA2:0000885 xref: EHDAA:2603 xref: EMAPA:17333 xref: FMA:7133 xref: galen:InterventricularSeptum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray498.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray498.png/200px-Gray498.png xref: MA:0000085 xref: ncithesaurus:Interventricular_Septum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwA7lp5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362019005 xref: VHOG:0000386 is_a: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002080 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle property_value: external_definition "The partition separating the right and left ventricles of the heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000386", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/interventricular+septum"} property_value: homology_notes "The two most progressive vertebrate classes, the birds and mammals, have completed the ventricular septum and at long last have completely separated the two blood streams along the length of the major heart chambers. This development has obviously been brought about independently in the two cases, since mammals and birds have evolved independently from primitive reptiles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000386", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0721676678 Romer AS, Vertebrate body (1970) p.430", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002095 name: mesentery def: "Anatomical organ component composed of a double layer of serous membrane that suspends a viscus from the body wall or connects adjacent viscera and in doing so conveys blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves to and from the viscera. Examples: greater omentum, broad ligament of uterus, sigmoid mesocolon." [FMA:7144, Wikipedia:Mesentery, Wikipedia:Mesentery#Mesentery_.28general.29] comment: Note that in Uberon, this term is used in the generic sense, not necessarily restricted to the peritoneum, consistent with FMA. WP: "In anatomy, the mesentery is the double layer of peritoneum that suspends the jejunum and ileum from the posterior wall of the abdomen. Its meaning, however, is frequently extended to include double layers of peritoneum connecting various components of the abdominal cavity.". TODO - check. Consider FMA:259286 - Region of mesentery. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "generic mesentery" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mesentery] synonym: "mesentery (generic)" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mesentery] xref: AAO:0011061 xref: BTO:0001380 xref: EV:0100083 xref: FMA:7144 xref: GAID:21 xref: galen:Mesentery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Gray1038.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gray1038.png/200px-Gray1038.png xref: MESH:A.01.047.025.600.451 xref: ncithesaurus:Mesentery xref: SCTID:362707009 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002296 {evidence="definitional"} ! dorsal mesentery [Term] id: UBERON:0002097 name: skin of body def: "Nonparenchymatous organ that consists of the dermis and epidermis. Subdivisions of the skin surround various body parts; as a whole, the skin constitutes the external layer of the body. Examples: There is only one skin[FMA]. Surface structure that consists of the external membranous integument of the animal." [FMA:7163, OMD:skin, Wikipedia:Skin] comment: Note that FMA uses 'skin' for the entire organ. XAO seems consistent. MA seems to use it analagously to zone of skin subset: major_organ subset: uberon_slim synonym: "entire skin" EXACT [] synonym: "integument" RELATED [] synonym: "pelt" RELATED [] synonym: "skin" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001253 xref: EFO:0000962 xref: EHDAA2:0001844 xref: EMAPA:17525 xref: FMA:7163 xref: galen:Skin xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Skin.svg/200px-Skin.svg.png xref: MESH:A.17.815 xref: ncithesaurus:Skin xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjX3ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181469002 xref: XAO:0000023 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {source="Wikipathways:WP2062"} ! skin basal layer relationship: has_part UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: has_part UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: has_part UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 ! integument [Term] id: UBERON:0002098 name: apex of heart def: "The apex of the heart is the lowest superficial part of the heart. It is directed downward, forward, and to the left, and is overlapped by the left lung and pleura. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Apex_of_the_heart] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "apex cordis" EXACT [] synonym: "cardiac apex" EXACT [FMA:7164] synonym: "heart apex" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7164 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray492.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray492.png/200px-Gray492.png xref: MA:0000488 xref: ncithesaurus:Apex_of_the_Heart xref: SCTID:362009004 is_a: UBERON:0006983 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical point relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0002099 name: cardiac septum def: "The thin membranous structure between the two heart atria or the thick muscular structure between the two heart ventricles." [MESH:A.07.541.459] comment: Note in GO, septum morphogenesis is part of cardiac chamber morphogenesis; need to add axioms to infer this. Taxon notes: "Terrestrial vertebrates have divided hearts in which septae separate the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood within the pulmonary and systemic circulations" subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cardiac septa" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "heart septa" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "heart septum" EXACT [] synonym: "septum of heart" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7180 xref: GAID:562 xref: MA:0000083 xref: MESH:A.07.541.459 xref: ncithesaurus:Heart_Septum xref: SCTID:362014000 xref: XAO:0004141 is_a: UBERON:0003037 ! septum is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0003037 ! septum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0002100 name: trunk def: "Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the cervical region (or head, when cervical region not present) and anterior to the caudal region. Includes the sacrum when present." [TAO:0001115, UBERONREF:0000006, Wikipedia:Torso] comment: editor note - check AAO subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "Rumpf" RELATED [BTO:0001493] synonym: "thoracolumbar region" EXACT [] synonym: "torso" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk region" EXACT [XAO:0000054] xref: AAO:0010339 xref: BILA:0000116 xref: BTO:0001493 xref: EFO:0000966 xref: FMA:7181 xref: galen:Trunk xref: MA:0000004 xref: MAT:0000296 xref: MIAA:0000296 xref: ncithesaurus:Trunk xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkJjpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:262225004 xref: TAO:0001115 xref: XAO:0000054 xref: XAO:0003025 xref: ZFA:0001115 is_a: UBERON:0011676 ! axial subdivision of organism disjoint_from: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk relationship: has_part UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: has_part UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision that is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010339", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the head and anterior to the tail.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001115", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000026 property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000033 [Term] id: UBERON:0002101 name: limb def: "A paired appendage that is evolved from a paired fin. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the girdle and its parts." [UBERONREF:0000003, Wikipedia:Limb] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "flipper" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "free limb" EXACT [FMA:24875] synonym: "limb sensu vertebrata" EXACT [MAT:0000090] synonym: "tetrapod limb" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010336 xref: EFO:0000876 xref: EHDAA2:0003172 xref: EHDAA:1697 xref: EHDAA:8273 xref: EMAPA:16405 xref: FMA:24875 xref: GAID:36 xref: galen:Extremity xref: MA:0000007 xref: MAT:0000090 xref: MIAA:0000090 xref: ncithesaurus:Limb xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvn1uSZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:243996003 xref: VHOG:0000336 xref: VSAO:0000121 xref: XAO:0003027 is_a: UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision that has as its parts the jointed appendages used for locomotion and manipulation.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010336", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000336", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002102 name: forelimb def: "A (free) limb that is connected to a pectoral girdle. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the pectoral girdle and its parts." [UBERONREF:0000003, Wikipedia:Forelimb] comment: AO notes: note that this corresponds to FMA:'free upper limb' (a limb segment), NOT 'upper limb'. Both MA and FMA consider shoulder (and shoulder bones) part of upper limb. Usage notes: Note distinction between arm and forelimb. hand is part of forelimb, but not part of arm subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anteriormost limb" EXACT [] synonym: "fore limb" EXACT [] synonym: "foreleg" RELATED [] synonym: "forelimb" EXACT [] synonym: "free part of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24878] synonym: "free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24878, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "membrum superius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7183, FMA:TA] synonym: "pectoral limb" EXACT [] synonym: "superior member" EXACT [] synonym: "upper extremity" EXACT [] synonym: "upper limb" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000205 xref: BTO:0001729 xref: EFO:0000882 xref: EHDAA2:0002133 xref: EHDAA:6208 xref: EMAPA:17412 xref: EV:0100014 xref: FMA:24878 xref: GAID:1215 xref: GAID:51 xref: galen:UpperExtremity xref: MA:0000025 xref: MAT:0000394 xref: MESH:A.13.395 xref: MIAA:0000394 xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Extremity xref: SCTID:182245002 xref: VHOG:0000338 xref: VSAO:0000148 xref: XAO:0003030 is_a: UBERON:0002101 ! limb is_a: UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 intersection_of: UBERON:0002101 ! limb intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005417 ! forelimb bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex property_value: external_definition "Upper limb, which connects the manus with the pectoral girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000205", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002103 name: hindlimb def: "A (free) limb that is connected to a pelvic girdle region. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its parts." [UBERONREF:0000003, Wikipedia:Lower_limb] comment: AO notes: note that this corresponds to FMA:'free lower limb' (a limb segment), NOT 'lower limb'. Both MA and FMA consider shoulder (and shoulder bones) part of upper limb. Note that AAO class probably refers to skeleton subset: uberon_slim synonym: "free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24879, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "free part of lower limb" RELATED [FMA:24879] synonym: "hind limb" EXACT [] synonym: "hind-limb" EXACT [VSAO:0000150] synonym: "hindlimb" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior member" EXACT [] synonym: "lower extremity" RELATED [] synonym: "lower limb" EXACT [] synonym: "membrum inferius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7184, FMA:TA] synonym: "membrum inferius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lower_limb] synonym: "pelvic appendage" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000219 xref: BTO:0002345 xref: EFO:0000883 xref: EHDAA2:0001033 xref: EHDAA:6094 xref: EMAPA:17458 xref: EV:0100015 xref: FMA:24879 xref: GAID:1221 xref: GAID:38 xref: galen:LowerExtremity xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray1239.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray1239.png/200px-Gray1239.png xref: MA:0000026 xref: MAT:0000395 xref: MESH:A.13.473 xref: MIAA:0000395 xref: ncithesaurus:Hind_Limb xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Extremity xref: SCTID:182281004 xref: VHOG:0000337 xref: VSAO:0000150 xref: XAO:0003031 is_a: UBERON:0002101 ! limb is_a: UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 intersection_of: UBERON:0002101 ! limb intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005418 ! hindlimb bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex property_value: external_definition "Lower limb, which connects the pes with the pelvic girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000219", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000337", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002104 name: visual system def: "." [Wikipedia:Visual_system] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "visual organ system" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000632 xref: FMA:7191 xref: MA:0002444 xref: ncithesaurus:Visual_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:FMAID_7191 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCtpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:281831001 xref: TAO:0001127 xref: XAO:0003198 xref: ZFA:0001127 is_a: UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system property_value: external_definition "The sensory system used for sight.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000632", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002105 [Term] id: UBERON:0002105 name: vestibulo-auditory system def: "A sensory system for the sense of hearing[WP]." [Wikipedia:Auditory_system] comment: Auditory system is general anatomical term in FMA subset: functional_classification subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "auditory organ system" EXACT [] synonym: "auditory system" RELATED [] synonym: "auditory/vestibular system" RELATED [] synonym: "vestibuloauditory system" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibuloauditory system" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000631 xref: FMA:7192 xref: FMA:78500 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Anatomy_of_the_Human_Ear.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/HumanEar.jpg/200px-HumanEar.jpg xref: MA:0002443 xref: ncithesaurus:Auditory_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090817 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViwtJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0001138 xref: XAO:0003195 xref: ZFA:0001138 is_a: UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system property_value: external_definition "The sensory system used for balance and hearing.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000631", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002106 name: spleen def: "Organ found in virtually all vertebrate animals with important roles in regard to red blood cells and the immune system.[1] In humans, it is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. It removes old red blood cells and holds a reserve in case of hemorrhagic shock, especially in animals like horses (not in humans), while recycling iron.[2] It synthesizes antibodies in its white pulp and removes, from blood and lymph node circulation, antibody-coated bacteria along with antibody-coated blood cells." [Wikipedia:Spleen] comment: Taxon notes: Neither hagfish nor lampreys possess what might be considered a discrete and condensed spleen. Hagfish possess dispersed lymphoid tissue within the submucosa of the intestine (96) associated with the portal vein (97), whereas lymphoid tissue is associated with the typhlosole portion of the intestine in lampreys (96) [PMID:20959416] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "splen, lien" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spleen] xref: AAO:0010395 xref: BTO:0001281 xref: EFO:0000869 xref: EMAPA:18767 xref: EV:0100055 xref: FMA:7196 xref: GAID:1289 xref: galen:Spleen xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Illu_spleen.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Illu_spleen.jpg/200px-Illu_spleen.jpg xref: MA:0000141 xref: MAT:0000085 xref: MESH:A.15.382.520.604.713 xref: MIAA:0000085 xref: ncithesaurus:Spleen xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjgw5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181279003 xref: TAO:0000436 xref: VHOG:0000120 xref: XAO:0000328 xref: ZFA:0000436 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002075 ! viscus is_a: UBERON:0004177 ! hemopoietic organ is_a: UBERON:0005057 ! immune organ is_a: UBERON:0005172 ! abdomen organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006293 ! spleen primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system property_value: external_definition "An organ involved in red blood cell filtration and immune response.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010395", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BMZ"} property_value: homology_notes "With the advent of clonal selection, the accumulation and segregation of T and B cells in specialized organs for antigen presentation became necessary, and indeed the spleen is found in all jawed vertebrates, but not in agnathans or invertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000120", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0781765190 Paul WE, Fundamental Immunology (2008) p.94", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002107 name: liver def: "An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO]." [BTO:0000759, Wikipedia:Liver] comment: AO notes: Only ZFA considers this part_of immune system - we weaken this to an overlaps relation, as in general it's only a subset of cells that have clear immune function. Taxon notes: WP: The liver is found in all vertebrates, and is typically the largest visceral organ. Its form varies considerably in different species, and is largely determined by the shape and arrangement of the surrounding organs. Nonetheless, in most species it is divided into right and left lobes; exceptions to this general rule include snakes, where the shape of the body necessitates a simple cigar-like form. The internal structure of the liver is broadly similar in all vertebrates.[7] An organ sometimes referred to as a liver is found associated with the digestive tract of the primitive chordate Amphioxus. However, this is an enzyme secreting gland, not a metabolic organ, and it is unclear how truly homologous it is to the vertebrate liver. subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "jecur, iecer" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Liver] xref: AAO:0010111 xref: BTO:0000759 xref: EFO:0000887 xref: EHDAA2:0000997 xref: EHDAA:2197 xref: EMAPA:16846 xref: EV:0100089 xref: FMA:7197 xref: GAID:288 xref: galen:Liver xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Leber_Schaf.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Leber_Schaf.jpg/200px-Leber_Schaf.jpg xref: MA:0000358 xref: MAT:0000097 xref: MESH:A.03.620 xref: MIAA:0000097 xref: ncithesaurus:Liver xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVimppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181268008 xref: TAO:0000123 xref: VHOG:0000257 xref: XAO:0000133 xref: ZFA:0000123 is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005172 ! abdomen organ is_a: UBERON:0006925 ! digestive gland disjoint_from: UBERON:0010264 ! hepatopancreas relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003894 {evidence="definitional"} ! liver primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004161 {source="EHDAA2"} ! septum transversum relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008836 {source="http://www.stembook.org/node/512"} ! liver bud relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002405 {source="ZFA-weakened"} ! immune system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 {source="FMA"} ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 {source="EHDAA2"} ! endocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 {source="ZFA"} ! digestive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 {source="EHDAA2"} ! exocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002423 {source="ZFA"} ! hepatobiliary system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (UBERON:0000925)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010111", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Organ which secretes bile and participates in formation of certain blood proteins.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010111", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "All vertebrates possess a liver (reference 1); Later in craniate evolution, an anterior gill arch was transformed into jaws, and many new types of feeding subsequently evolved.(...) A liver evolved that, among its many functions, stores considerable energy as glycogen or lipid (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000257", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.526, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002108 name: small intestine def: "Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the stomach and distally with the large intestine[FMA]. The passage from the posterior intestine, from the rectal valve to the opening to the exterior. // The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005." [FMA:7200, WA:dh, Wikipedia:Small_intestine, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior intestine" RELATED [] synonym: "intestinum tenue" RELATED [BTO:0000651] synonym: "intestinum tenue" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Small_intestine] synonym: "mid intestine" RELATED [] synonym: "small bowel" EXACT [] synonym: "small intestine" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010397 xref: BTO:0000651 xref: EFO:0000841 xref: EV:0100072 xref: FMA:7200 xref: GAID:313 xref: galen:SmallIntestine xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg/200px-Stomach_colon_rectum_diagram.svg.png xref: MA:0000337 xref: MAT:0000047 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.620 xref: MIAA:0000047 xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestine xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlIJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181250005 xref: TAO:0001323 xref: VHOG:0000055 xref: XAO:0000130 xref: ZFA:0001323 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine property_value: external_definition "The terminal region of the mid intestine is comprised of specialized enterocytes that appear to play a role in mucosal immunity. Wallace et al, 2005.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001323", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Intestinal surface area also is increased in amphibians and reptiles by internal folds and occasionally by a few villi. The intestine can be divided into a small intestine and a slightly wider large intestine.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000055", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.566", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002109 name: pair of nares def: "Pair of nostrils." [Wikipedia:Nares] comment: Note this is a "set of anatomical planes" in FMA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nares" RELATED [] synonym: "nares set" EXACT [] synonym: "nostrils" EXACT [] synonym: "pair of nostrils" EXACT [] synonym: "set of nares" RELATED [FMA:72005] xref: FMA:72005 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCLpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7745 {source="http://webs.lander.edu/rsfox/invertebrates/ammocoetes.html"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002110 name: gallbladder def: "a small organ that aids digestion and stores bile produced by the liver[WP]. Organ with organ cavity which is continuous proximally with the cystic duct and distally terminates in the fundus of the gallbladder[FMA]." [FMA:7202, Wikipedia:Gallbladder] comment: Rats do not have a gallbladder, but produce bile. The bile flows directly from the liver through the (hepatic) bile duct into the small intestine (Hebel and Stromberg, 1988) subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "gall bladder" EXACT [] synonym: "vesica fellea; vesica biliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gallbladder] xref: AAO:0010114 xref: BTO:0000493 xref: EFO:0000853 xref: EHDAA2:0000699 xref: EHDAA:8062 xref: EMAPA:17202 xref: EV:0100090 xref: FMA:7202 xref: galen:Gallbladder xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Illu_pancrease.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Abdomal_organs.svg/200px-Abdomal_organs.svg.png xref: MA:0000356 xref: MAT:0000072 xref: MESH:A.03.159.439 xref: MIAA:0000072 xref: ncithesaurus:Gallbladder xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVkGr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181269000 xref: TAO:0000208 xref: VHOG:0000221 xref: XAO:0000135 xref: ZFA:0000208 is_a: UBERON:0002075 ! viscus is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005172 ! abdomen organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004912 ! biliary bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006242 {evidence="definitional"} ! gall bladder primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from endoderm (AAO:0000139) CHANGED TO: develops_from endoderm (UBERON:0000925)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010114", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Membranous muscular sac in which the bile from the liver remains stored until it is required. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000221", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Organ attached to the liver which stores bile and empties into the duodenum via the bile duct as needed for digestion.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010114", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "The presence of a gallbladder appears to be a primitive trait. It is found in most fish and all adult reptiles and amphibians and has been well conserved in mammals, for the most part.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000221", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19970915)38:6<571::AID-JEMT3>3.0.CO;2-I Oldham-Ott CK, Gilloteaux J, Comparative morphology of the gallbladder and biliary tract in vertebrates: Variation in structure, homology in function and gallstones. Microscopy research and technique (1997)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10114 {source="ISBN:9780120749034"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002111 name: artery smooth muscle tissue def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an artery [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "arterial smooth muscle" EXACT [BTO:0000087] synonym: "artery smooth muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "artery smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "smooth muscle of artery" EXACT [FMA:72024] xref: BTO:0000087 xref: FMA:72024 xref: MA:0000708 xref: ncithesaurus:Artery_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0004237 ! blood vessel smooth muscle is_a: UBERON:0004695 ! arterial system smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0002112 name: smooth muscle of esophagus def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a esophagus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "esophagus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophagus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophagus smooth muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "esophagus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus smooth muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "oesophagus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72025 xref: MA:0001573 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003832 ! esophagus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0002113 name: kidney def: "A paired organ which has the production of urine as its primary function." [Wikipedia:Kidney] subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "kidney" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000250 xref: BTO:0000671 xref: EFO:0000929 xref: EV:0100096 xref: FMA:7203 xref: GAID:423 xref: galen:Kidney xref: MA:0000368 xref: MAT:0000119 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453 xref: MIAA:0000119 xref: ncithesaurus:Kidney xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjlYpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181414000 xref: XAO:0003267 is_a: UBERON:0000489 ! cavitated compound organ is_a: UBERON:0005172 ! abdomen organ is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003918 {evidence="definitional"} ! kidney mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005095 ! kidney rudiment relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0011143 {source="FMA"} ! upper urinary tract property_value: external_definition "One of either of a pair of structures lying on either side of the dorsal aorta in which fluid balance is regulated and waste is excreted out in the form of urine.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000250", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000160 [Term] id: UBERON:0002114 name: duodenum def: "The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one)." [ISBN:0815318960, Wikipedia:Duodenum] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "proximal intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000365] synonym: "upper intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000365] xref: AAO:0010402 xref: BTO:0000365 xref: EFO:0000851 xref: EHDAA:3830 xref: EHDAA:3937 xref: EMAPA:17178 xref: EMAPA:17193 xref: EMAPA:18661 xref: EMAPA:18852 xref: EV:0100073 xref: FMA:7206 xref: GAID:284 xref: galen:Duodenum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Tractus_intestinalis_duodenum.svg xref: MA:0000338 xref: MAT:0000044 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.620.270 xref: MIAA:0000044 xref: ncithesaurus:Duodenum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv4LJDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181247007 xref: VHOG:0000052 xref: XAO:0000236 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 {source="ZFA:0000348"} property_value: external_definition "The fixed portion of the small intestine deeply lodged in the posterior wall of the abdomen and extending from the pylorus to the beginning of the jejunum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000052", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002115 name: jejunum def: "The jejunum is the middle section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear and the terms middle intestine or mid-gut may be used instead of jejunum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Jejunum] comment: TODO consider ZFA:0001323 mid intestine, see also small intestine subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intestinum jejunum" RELATED [BTO:0000657] synonym: "middle intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000657] xref: BTO:0000657 xref: EFO:0001333 xref: EMAPA:18666 xref: EMAPA:18932 xref: EV:0100074 xref: FMA:7207 xref: GAID:318 xref: galen:Jejunum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Illu_small_intestine.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Illu_small_intestine.jpg/200px-Illu_small_intestine.jpg xref: MA:0000340 xref: MAT:0000045 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.620.625 xref: MIAA:0000045 xref: ncithesaurus:Jejunum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwATkPJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181248002 xref: VHOG:0000053 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine property_value: external_definition "The first two fifth of the small intestine beyond the duodenum. It extends from the end of the duodenum to the ileum. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000053", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002116 name: ileum def: "The ileum is the final section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear and the terms posterior intestine or distal intestine may be used instead of ileum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ileum] comment: TODO consider ZFA:0000706 posterior intestine, see also colon subset: uberon_slim synonym: "distal intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000620] synonym: "intestinum ileum" RELATED [BTO:0000620] synonym: "lower intestine" RELATED [BTO:0000620] xref: AAO:0010403 xref: BTO:0000620 xref: EFO:0001334 xref: EV:0100075 xref: FMA:7208 xref: GAID:315 xref: galen:Ileum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Illu_small_intestine.jpg xref: MA:0000339 xref: MAT:0000282 xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.620.484 xref: MIAA:0000282 xref: ncithesaurus:Ileum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdcLHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181249005 xref: VHOG:0000647 xref: XAO:0000237 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000647", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002118 name: right ovary def: "An ovary that is part of a right side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:7213 xref: MA:0001705 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Ovary xref: SCTID:280123002 is_a: UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0002119 name: left ovary def: "An ovary that is part of a left side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Taxon notes: In some elasmobranchs, the left ovary does not mature, with only the right ovary fully developing. In the primitive jawless fish, and some teleosts, there is only one ovary, formed by the fusion of the paired organs in the embryo[Wikipedia:Ovary#In_other_animals] xref: FMA:7214 xref: MA:0001704 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Ovary xref: SCTID:280124008 is_a: UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0002120 name: pronephros alt_id: UBERON:0005794 def: "In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensible for larval life[GO]." [GO:0048793, Wikipedia:Pronephros] comment: Once the more complex mesonephros forms the pronephros undergoes apoptosis in amphibians. In fishes the nephron degenerates but the organ remains and becomes a component of the immune system[Wikipedia:Pronephros]. // TODO - check developmental relationships. Note that we previously include the ZFA/XAO terms under the more specific 'pronephric kidney', but these are now merged. TODO GCI: relationship: capable_of GO:0030104 subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "archinephron" RELATED [BTO:0001541] synonym: "embryonic kidney" RELATED [BTO:0001541] synonym: "pronephric kidney" EXACT [XAO:0002000] synonym: "pronephron" RELATED [BTO:0001541] xref: AAO:0011089 xref: BTO:0001541 xref: EFO:0000927 xref: EHDAA2:0001570 xref: EHDAA:1017 xref: EMAPA:16579 xref: FMA:72170 xref: MAT:0000117 xref: MIAA:0000117 xref: ncithesaurus:Pronephros xref: SCTID:308804007 xref: TAO:0000151 xref: VHOG:0000037 xref: XAO:0002000 xref: ZFA:0000151 is_a: UBERON:0002113 {source="GO"} ! kidney is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005095 {source="GO"} ! kidney rudiment relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005721 {source="ZFA"} ! pronephric mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005754 ! rostral part of nephrogenic cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0003887 {source="OG"} ! intraembryonic coelom property_value: external_definition "A kidney formed of nephric tubules arising in the anterior region of the nephric ridge; forms only as a transient embryonic structure. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Kardong_KV, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.748][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000037", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Organ that serves as a transient kidney, providing osmoregulation during early developmental stages and then degenerating during metamorphosis.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011089", ontology="AAO", source="XAO:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The embryonic kidney, present at the level of the third somite, is composed of two glomeruli fused at the midline, two pronephric tubules, and paired bilateral pronephric ducts that modify the composition of the blood filtrate before delivering it to the cloaca for excretion.Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000151", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrate embryos, the kidney begins with the differentiation of a few renal tubules from the anterior end of the nephric ridge overlying the pericardial cavity. (...) This early-developing embryonic kidney is called the pronephros.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000037", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.637", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002122 name: capsule of thymus def: "the fibrous connective tissue surrounding the thymus." [MP:0002368] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "thymic capsule" EXACT [] synonym: "thymus capsule" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72204 xref: MA:0000766 xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Capsule xref: SCTID:188181003 is_a: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002370 intersection_of: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0002370 ! thymus relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002370 ! thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0002123 name: cortex of thymus def: "Cortical portion of thymus, mainly composed of lymphoid cells, supported by a network of finely-branched epithelial reticular cells, which is continuous with a similar network in the medullary portion. This network forms an adventitia to the blood vessels. The cortex is the location of the earliest events in thymocyte development, where T cell receptor gene rearrangement and positive selection takes place." [Wikipedia:Thymus#Cortex] comment: Histologically, the thymus can be divided into a central medulla and a peripheral cortex which is surrounded by an outer capsule. The cortex and medulla play different roles in the development of T cells. Cells in the thymus can be divided into thymic stromal cells and cells of hematopoietic origin[WP] synonym: "thymic cortex" EXACT [BTO:0002934] synonym: "thymus cortex" EXACT [MA:0000767] xref: BTO:0002934 xref: FMA:72205 xref: MA:0000767 xref: ncithesaurus:Thymus_Cortex xref: SCTID:188262003 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 intersection_of: UBERON:0001851 ! cortex intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0002124 name: medulla of thymus def: "Medullary portion of thymus. The reticulum is coarser than in the cortex, the lymphoid cells are relatively fewer in number, and there are found peculiar nest-like bodies, the concentric corpuscles of Hassall. These concentric corpuscles are composed of a central mass, consisting of one or more granular cells, and of a capsule formed of epithelioid cells. They are the remains of the epithelial tubes, which grow out from the third branchial pouches of the embryo to form the thymus. Each follicle is surrounded by a vascular plexus, from which vessels pass into the interior, and radiate from the periphery toward the center, forming a second zone just within the margin of the medullary portion. In the center of the medullary portion there are very few vessels, and they are of minute size." [Wikipedia:Thymus#Medulla] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "medulla of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus gland medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus medulla" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004560 xref: EFO:0001969 xref: FMA:72206 xref: MA:0000771 xref: ncithesaurus:Thymus_Medulla xref: SCTID:188344009 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 intersection_of: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0002125 name: lobule of thymus def: "the basic structural unit of the thymus." [MP:0002367] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "thymic lobule" EXACT [] synonym: "thymus lobule" EXACT [MA:0000770] xref: FMA:72215 xref: MA:0000770 xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Lobule xref: SCTID:187882006 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0002126 name: solitary tract nuclear complex def: "The solitary tract and nucleus are structures in the brainstem that carry and receive visceral sensation and taste from the facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) cranial nerves. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_of_tractus_solitarius] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei of solitary tract" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus tractus solitarii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72242, FMA:TA] synonym: "solitary nuclei" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72242 xref: SCTID:369080003 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007245 ! nuclear complex of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="MA-abduced"} ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002127 name: inferior olivary complex def: "largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata. It is closely associated with the cerebellum, but its specific function is voluntary body movements." [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal olivary nuclei" RELATED [BTO:0002298] synonym: "complexus olivaris inferior" RELATED [BTO:0002298] synonym: "complexus olivaris inferior; nuclei olivares inferiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclear complex" EXACT [FMA:72243] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclei" RELATED [BTO:0002298] synonym: "inferior olivary nucleus" RELATED [FMA:72243] synonym: "inferior olive" EXACT [FMA:72243] synonym: "nuclei olivares caudales" RELATED [BTO:0002298] synonym: "nuclei olivares inferiores" RELATED [BTO:0002298] synonym: "oliva" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72243, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:IO xref: BM:Me-IO xref: BTO:0002298 xref: EV:0100277 xref: FMA:72243 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/CerebCircuit.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/CerebCircuit.png/200px-CerebCircuit.png xref: MA:0001040 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1164 xref: TAO:0000215 xref: VHOG:0001627 xref: ZFA:0000215 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007245 ! nuclear complex of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000128 ! olivary body property_value: homology_notes "The inferior olive appears to be present in all vertebrate classes and is particularly well developed in species with a well-developed cerebellum.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001627", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.256", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002128 name: superior olivary complex def: "The superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound[GO]." [Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex] comment: GO -- In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound. -- TODO fix GO def to be the same throughout subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus olivaris superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72247, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus olivaris superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex] synonym: "superior olivary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72247] synonym: "superior olivary nucleus" RELATED [FMA:72247] synonym: "superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72247] xref: ABA:SOC xref: EV:0100263 xref: FMA:72247 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray713.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray713.png/200px-Gray713.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1307 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007245 ! nuclear complex of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002597 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006840 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007634 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002129 name: cerebellar cortex def: "The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function[GO]." [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_cortex] comment: The circuits in the cerebellar cortex look similar across all classes of vertebrates, including fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals (e.g., Fig. 2). This has been taken as evidence that the cerebellum performs functions important to all vertebrate species. (Wikipedia) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cortex cerebellaris" RELATED [BTO:0000043] xref: ABA:CBX xref: BM:CB-Cbx xref: BTO:0000043 xref: EV:0100294 xref: FMA:72248 xref: GAID:596 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Cerebellum_NIH.png/200px-Cerebellum_NIH.png xref: MA:0000199 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Cortex xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1566 xref: SCTID:361593004 xref: VHOG:0001597 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002130 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002130 name: cerebellar nuclear complex alt_id: UBERON:0004007 def: "the gray matter nuclei located in the center of the cerebellum, embedded in the white matter, which receive inhibitory (GABAergic) inputs from Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex and excitatory (glutamatergic) inputs from mossy fiber pathways; all output fibers of the cerebellum originate from the these nuclei[MP]" [MP:0009979, Wikipedia:Deep_cerebellar_nuclei] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellar nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "deep cerebellar nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1568] synonym: "deep cerebellar nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "deep cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "intracerebellar nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "intrinsic nuclei of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "nuclei cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72249, FMA:TA] synonym: "nuclei cerebelli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deep_cerebellar_nuclei] synonym: "roof nuclei-2" EXACT [] xref: ABA:CBN xref: EV:0100299 xref: FMA:72249 xref: GAID:599 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray707.png/200px-Gray707.png xref: MA:0000203 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428.200.337 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1568 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002129 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002131 name: anterior lobe of cerebellum def: "The anterior lobe of cerebellum is the portion of the cerebellum responsible for mediating unconscious proprioception. In alcoholics, it can deteriorate. It is sometimes equated to the 'paleocerebellum'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_lobe_of_cerebellum] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior cerebellar lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1118] synonym: "cerebellum anterior lobe" EXACT [] xref: EV:0100295 xref: FMA:72251 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/CerebellumRegions.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/CerebellumRegions.jpg/200px-CerebellumRegions.jpg xref: MA:0000991 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1118 xref: SCTID:279359004 xref: VHOG:0001598 is_a: UBERON:0005293 ! cerebellum lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002132 name: dentate nucleus def: "The Dentate nucleus is located within the deep white matter of each cerebellar hemisphere. It is the largest of the four deep cerebellar nuclei, the others being the fastigial nucleus and the interposed nucleus (globose and emboliform nuclei combined). It is responsible for the planning, initiation and control of volitional movements. It therefore receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex. Its efferents project via the superior cerebellar peduncle through the red nucleus to the ventrolateral thalamus (crossing over at the pontomesencephalic junction). It consists of an irregularly folded, of a grayish-yellow color, containing white fibers, and presenting on its antero-medial aspect an opening, the hilus, from which most of the fibers of the superior peduncle emerge. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dentate cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1171] synonym: "lateral cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral nucleus of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus dentatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dentate_nucleus] xref: ABA:DN xref: BM:CB-CBL xref: EV:0100300 xref: FMA:72260 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray707.png/200px-Gray707.png xref: MA:0001008 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1171 xref: VHOG:0001700 is_a: UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex property_value: homology_notes "One or more deep cerebellar nuclei appear in agnathans, sharks, ropefishes, lungfishes, Latimeria, and amphibians. Reptiles have two nuclei (a medial and a lateral), and birds and mammals have three nuclei (a medial, a lateral, and an interposed nucleus). The medial nucleus of mammals is known as the fastigial nucleus, and the lateral nucleus is known as the dentate nucleus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001700", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB, Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.260-261", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002153 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002133 name: atrioventricular valve def: "Cardiac valve which has as its parts the leaf of cardiac valve that separates the atrium from the ventricle. // The atrioventricular valve has four distinct leaflets oriented anterior, posterior, left, and right of the atrioventricular orifice. Hu et al. 2001." [Wikipedia:Heart_valve#Atrioventricular_valves, ZFIN:curator] comment: AO notes: in ZFA this is part of both atrium and ventricle, but we use a connecting relationship here; see also notes for left and right. subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "AV valve" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000153 xref: EHDAA:7421 xref: FMA:7233 xref: galen:AtrioventricularValve xref: MA:0002789 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rfCfdorrpEduAAAACs6hRXg xref: SCTID:11124005 xref: TAO:0005064 xref: VHOG:0001472 xref: ZFA:0005064 is_a: UBERON:0000946 ! cardial valve relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004292 {source="FMA"} ! cardiac skeleton relationship: connects UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: connects UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 {source="PMID:15797462", source="ZFA"} ! endocardial cushion relationship: part_of UBERON:0011820 {source="EHDAA2"} ! atrioventricular region property_value: external_definition "The atrioventricular valve has four distinct leaflets oriented anterior, posterior, left, and right of the atrioventricular orifice. Hu et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005064", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Valve in the heart through which blood flows from the atria to the ventricles. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001472", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/atrioventricular+valve"} property_value: homology_notes "The conus arteriosus is the most distal part of the primitive fish heart and forms the connection between the ventricle and the ventral aorta. At the sinoatrial, the atrioventricular, and the ventriculoconal junctions, valves developed to prevent backflow of blood during relaxation of the preceding compartment.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001472", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1152/physrev.00006.2003", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002134 name: tricuspid valve def: "Atrioventricular valve which has as its parts the anterior, posterior and septal leaflets, attached to the fibrous ring of tricuspid valve.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Tricuspid_valve] comment: AO notes: FMA part_ofs changed to connects subset: uberon_slim synonym: "right atrioventricular valve" EXACT [FMA:7234] synonym: "valva atrioventricularis dextra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7234, FMA:TA] synonym: "valvula tricuspidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tricuspid_valve] xref: EHDAA2:0004029 xref: EHDAA:7427 xref: EMAPA:17873 xref: FMA:7234 xref: GAID:567 xref: galen:TricuspidValve xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png xref: MA:0000090 xref: MESH:A.07.541.510.893 xref: ncithesaurus:Tricuspid_Valve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvuWAAJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002081 xref: SCTID:181288007 xref: VHOG:0000816 is_a: UBERON:0002133 ! atrioventricular valve is_a: UBERON:0005208 ! right atrium valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0005965 intersection_of: UBERON:0002133 ! atrioventricular valve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005965 ! outflow part of right atrium relationship: connects UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium relationship: connects UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005965 ! outflow part of right atrium property_value: external_definition "The three-segmented valve of the heart that keeps blood in the right ventricle from flowing back into the right atrium. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000816", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Tricuspid+valves"} property_value: homology_notes "The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the adult zebrafish 2-chambered heart is structurally similar to the mammalian AV valves with stratified ECM (extracellular matrix) and supporting chordae tendineae. Therefore, the major cellular and molecular events of valve development are largely conserved among animals with hearts composed of multiple chambers.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000816", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.201566 Combs MD, Yutzey KE, Heart valve development. Circulatory Research (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002135 name: mitral valve def: "Atrioventricular valve which has as its parts the anterior and posterior leaflets, attached to the fibrous ring of mitral valve.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Mitral_valve] comment: AO notes: FMA part_ofs changed to connects subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bicuspid valve" RELATED [] synonym: "left atrioventricular valve" EXACT [] synonym: "valva atrioventricularis sinistra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7235, FMA:TA] synonym: "valva mitralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mitral_valve] xref: EFO:0003933 xref: EHDAA2:0000168 xref: EMAPA:17871 xref: FMA:7235 xref: GAID:565 xref: galen:MitralValve xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png xref: MA:0000088 xref: MESH:A.07.541.510.507 xref: ncithesaurus:Mitral_Valve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv4l2nJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181286006 xref: VHOG:0000817 is_a: UBERON:0002133 ! atrioventricular valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0005966 intersection_of: UBERON:0002133 ! atrioventricular valve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005966 ! outflow part of left atrium disjoint_from: UBERON:0007120 ! premolar tooth relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0005995 {source="FMA"} ! mitral valve anulus relationship: connects UBERON:0002079 {source="FMA"} ! left atrium relationship: connects UBERON:0002084 {source="FMA"} ! heart left ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005966 ! outflow part of left atrium property_value: external_definition "A valve of the heart, composed of two triangular flaps, that is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and regulates blood flow between these chambers. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000817", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mitral+valve"} property_value: homology_notes "The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the adult zebrafish 2-chambered heart is structurally similar to the mammalian AV valves with stratified ECM (extracellular matrix) and supporting chordae tendineae. Therefore, the major cellular and molecular events of valve development are largely conserved among animals with hearts composed of multiple chambers.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000817", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.201566 Combs MD, Yutzey KE, Heart valve development. Circulatory Research (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002136 name: hilus of dentate gyrus comment: Merge with CA4? synonym: "CA4" RELATED [] synonym: "dentate gyrus hilus" EXACT [] synonym: "field CA4 of hippocampal formation" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72358 xref: MA:0000947 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1482 is_a: UBERON:0002744 ! hilum of dentate nucleus is_a: UBERON:0011299 ! white matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001885 ! dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation [Term] id: UBERON:0002137 name: aortic valve def: "Cardiac valve which has as its parts the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps, attached to the fibrous ring of aortic valve.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Aortic_valve] comment: Human variation: It is normally tricuspid (with three leaflets), although in 1% of the population it is found to be congenitally bicuspid (two leaflets) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "valva aortae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aortic_valve] xref: BTO:0004628 xref: EFO:0003879 xref: EHDAA2:0000134 xref: EHDAA:4410 xref: EMAPA:17870 xref: FMA:7236 xref: GAID:563 xref: galen:AorticValve xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg xref: MA:0000087 xref: MESH:A.07.541.510.110 xref: ncithesaurus:Aortic_Valve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv5914JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181287002 xref: VHOG:0000815 is_a: UBERON:0005623 {source="MA"} ! semi-lunar valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0005956 ! outflow part of left ventricle property_value: external_definition "The valve between the left ventricle of the heart and the ascending aorta, consisting of three semilunar cusps. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000815", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aortic+valve"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002138 name: habenulo-interpeduncular tract comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "fasciculus retroflexus" EXACT [] synonym: "fasciculus retroflexus (meynert)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1504] synonym: "habenulointerpeduncular fasciculus" EXACT [] synonym: "habenulointerpeduncular tract" RELATED [] synonym: "habenulopeduncular tract" EXACT [] synonym: "Meynert's retroflex bundle" EXACT [] synonym: "tractus habenulo-interpeduncularis" EXACT [ZFA:0000353] xref: BM:HPT xref: FMA:72400 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1504 xref: SCTID:369194000 xref: TAO:0000353 xref: ZFA:0000353 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002139 name: subcommissural organ def: "The subcommissural organ is a circumventricular organ consisting of ependymal cells which secrete SCO-spondin[WP,partially vetted]." [PMID:9579598, Wikipedia:Subcommissural_organ] comment: Occurs throughout the vertebartes [PMID:9579598, doi:10.1002/ar.1091260210]. First appears in hagfish(Olsson). In many species, including the human, it reaches its full development during embryonic life[PMID:9579598]. During the course of phyletic evolution, one notes various changes. Indeed, in lower vertebrates, the SCO presents a greater degree of enzyme activity than the ependyma while in birds the ependyma demonstrates a more intense activity than the SCO[PMID:479574] Sometimes preceded by flexural organ[doi:10.1007/BF00303086] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal subcommissural organ" RELATED [] synonym: "organum subcommissurale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subcommissural_organ] synonym: "SCO" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001820 xref: FMA:72414 xref: GAID:794 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png xref: MA:0002941 xref: MESH:A.08.713.810 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1028 xref: SCTID:369193006 xref: TAO:0000683 xref: ZFA:0000683 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum is_a: UBERON:0010134 {source="MA"} ! secretory circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 {source="MA"} ! midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0011357 ! Reissner's fiber property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 {source="multiple"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002140 name: parabigeminal nucleus comment: AO notes: in MA this is part of the tegmentum/brainstem synonym: "nucleus isthmi" RELATED [VHOG:0001701] synonym: "nucleus parabigeminalis" EXACT [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=482] xref: ABA:PBG xref: BM:PBG xref: FMA:72415 xref: MA:0001074 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1007 xref: VHOG:0001701 is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA", source="NIF"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum property_value: homologous_to ZFA:0000398 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} property_value: homology_notes "Nucleus isthmi is present in the isthmus in most vertebrates. It is called the parabigeminal nucleus in mammals (reference 1); In sum, our results show that the origin of neurons of some tegmental hindbrain nuclei, namely, nucleus isthmi/superior reticular nucleus and secondary gustatory/viscerosensory nucleus is in the URL (upper rhombic lip), and that the temporal order of cell types produced by the URL and their developmental program are conserved among vertebrate species (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001701", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB, Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.272, DOI:10.1002/cne.22364 Volkmann K, Chen YY, Harris MP, Wullimann MF, Köster RW, The zebrafish cerebellar upper rhombic lip generates tegmental hindbrain nuclei by long-distance migration in an evolutionary conserved manner. The Journal of Comparative Neurology (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002141 name: parvocellular oculomotor nucleus def: "The Edinger-Westphal nucleus (also known as the accessory oculomotor nucleus) is the accessory parasympathetic cranial nerve nucleus of the oculomotor nerve, supplying the constricting muscles of the iris. Alternatively, the Edinger-Westphal nucleus is a term often used to refer to the adjacent population of non-preganglionic neurons that do not project to the ciliary ganglion, but rather project to the spinal cord, dorsal raphe nucleus, and septal nuclei. Unlike the classical, preganglionic Edinger-Westphal neurons that contain choline acetyltransferase, neurons of the non-preganglionic Edinger-Westphal nucleus have been shown to contain various stress- and feeding-related neuropeptides, such as Urocortin and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript. Proper nomenclature for this distinct brain region has not yet been established. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Edinger-westphal_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "accessory oculomotor nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "edinger-westphal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus Edinger-Westphal" EXACT [ZFA:0000244] synonym: "oculomotor nucleus, parvocellular part" EXACT [] xref: ABA:EW xref: BM:EW xref: FMA:72424 xref: MA:0001071 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_822 xref: SCTID:62088007 xref: TAO:0000244 xref: ZFA:0000244 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002142 name: pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus def: "The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) (or pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, PPTN) is located in the brainstem, caudal to the substantia nigra and adjacent to the superior cerebellar peduncle. It is composed by a wide variety of neurochemical cell types, including cholinergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic cells. In the classical sense, the PPN is considered to be one of the main components of the reticular activating system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pedunculopontine_tegmental_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "peduncular pontine nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "pedunculopontine nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PPN xref: BM:Pons-PPT xref: FMA:72429 xref: MA:0001020 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1437 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001965 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007412 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002143 name: dorsal tegmental nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal tegmental nucleus (gudden)" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal tegmental nucleus of gudden" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_992] synonym: "gudden nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000346] synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72434, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior tegmental nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "von Gudden's nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:DTN xref: BM:TD xref: FMA:72434 xref: MA:0001013 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_992 xref: TAO:0000346 xref: VHOG:0001368 xref: ZFA:0000346 is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002144 name: peripeduncular nucleus def: "a group of neuron cell bodies that form a thin, caplike configuration over the dorsolateral aspect of the crus cerebri; many of its cells are acetylcholinesterase positive." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61630] comment: Note that FMA and NIF support this being part of midbrain tegmentum; MA places this in the thalamus and ABA supports thalamus. todo - check. for now we take a conservative position and assert overlaps for both rather than part of synonym: "peripeduncular nucleus of pons" EXACT [FMA:72437] xref: ABA:PP xref: BM:MB-PPN xref: FMA:72437 xref: MA:0000875 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1474 xref: SCTID:25949000 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001900 {source="MA"} ! subthalamus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002704 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002776 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002145 name: interpeduncular nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "interpeduncular ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "interpeduncular nucleus tegmentum" RELATED [TAO:0000903] xref: ABA:IPN xref: BM:MB-IP xref: FMA:72439 xref: MA:0001069 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1000 xref: TAO:0000903 xref: ZFA:0000903 is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002043 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002146 name: pulmonary valve def: "Cardiac valve which has as its parts the right anterior, left anterior and posterior cusps, attached to the fibrous ring of pulmonary valve.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Pulmonary_valve] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pulmonic valve" EXACT [] synonym: "valva trunci pulmonalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_valve] xref: EHDAA2:0001577 xref: EHDAA:4412 xref: EMAPA:17872 xref: FMA:7246 xref: GAID:566 xref: galen:PulmonaryValve xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg/200px-Diagram_of_the_human_heart_%28cropped%29.svg.png xref: MA:0000089 xref: MESH:A.07.541.510.738 xref: ncithesaurus:Pulmonary_Valve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP6uq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181289004 xref: VHOG:0000814 is_a: UBERON:0005623 {source="MA"} ! semi-lunar valve property_value: external_definition "The valve with semilunar cusps at the entrance to the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle of the heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000814", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pulmonary+valve"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002147 name: reticulotegmental nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72471, FMA:TA] synonym: "reticular tegmental nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "reticulotegmental nucleus of pons" EXACT [] synonym: "tegmental reticular nucleus, pontine gray" EXACT [] xref: ABA:TRN xref: FMA:72471 xref: MA:0001025 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_882 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002148 name: locus ceruleus def: "The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic[GO]. Bluish region in the superior angle of the fourth ventricle floor, corresponding to melanin-like pigmented nerve cells which lie lateral to the ponto-mesencephalic central gray (griseum centrale). It is also known as nucleus pigmentosus pontis[GAID]." [GAID:577, GO:0021703, Wikipedia:Locus_ceruleus] comment: TODO - check ZFA/pons. also GO says part of dorsorostral pons subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "blue nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905] synonym: "caerulean nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "locus caeruleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905] synonym: "locus cinereus" RELATED [BTO:0001408] synonym: "locus coeruleu" EXACT [] synonym: "locus coeruleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus caeruleus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72478, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus of locus caeruleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus pigmentosus pontis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905] synonym: "substantia ferruginea" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905] xref: ABA:LC xref: BM:Pons-LC xref: BTO:0001408 xref: EFO:0001963 xref: FMA:72478 xref: GAID:577 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray709.png/200px-Gray709.png xref: MA:0001017 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659.473 xref: ncithesaurus:Locus_Coeruleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_905 xref: SCTID:369016004 xref: TAO:0000539 xref: ZFA:0000539 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002149 name: superior salivatory nucleus def: "visceromotor cranial nerve nucleus located in the pontine tegmentum." [Wikipedia:Superior_salivatory_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "superior salivary nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021753] xref: ABA:SSN xref: EHDAA2:0004646 xref: FMA:72482 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray788.png/200px-Gray788.png xref: MA:0001027 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1131 xref: SCTID:369028007 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0004133 ! salivatory nucleus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010125 {evidence="definitional"} ! future superior salivatory nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002150 name: superior cerebellar peduncle def: "The superior cerebellar peduncles (brachium conjunctivum), two in number, emerge from the upper and medial part of the white substance of the hemispheres and are placed under cover of the upper part of the cerebellum. They are joined to each other across the middle line by the anterior medullary velum, and can be followed upward as far as the inferior colliculi, under which they disappear. Below, they form the upper lateral boundaries of the fourth ventricle, but as they ascend they converge on the dorsal aspect of the ventricle and thus assist in roofing it in. All fibers (except vestibular fibers to the vestibular nuclei through the inferior cerebellar peduncle) carrying information from the cerebellum to the midbrain and pons pass through the superior cerebellar peduncle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_peduncle] comment: Editor notes: we follow NIF in dividing this into 3 parts. This allows for consistency with ABA. AO notes: we make the TAO class disjoint for now as it's not clear if this is the analagous structure subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachium conjunctivum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1711] synonym: "pedunculus cerebellaris superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_peduncle] synonym: "superior peduncle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_cerebellar_peduncle] xref: BM:BC xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray704.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray704.png/200px-Gray704.png xref: MA:0002746 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1711 xref: SCTID:279218008 is_a: UBERON:0007416 ! cerebellar peduncle [Term] id: UBERON:0002151 name: pontine nuclear group def: "The pontine nuclei are a part of the pons which store the memory of intention during motor activity. Corticopontine fibres carry information from the primary motor cortex to the ipsilateral pontine nucleus in the ventral pons, and the pontocerebellar projection then carries that information to the contralateral cerebellum via the middle cerebellar peduncle. They therefore allow modification of actions in the light of their outcome, or error correction, and are hence important in learning motor skills. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_nuclei] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei pontis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pontine_nuclei] synonym: "nuclei pontis" RELATED [BTO:0003396] synonym: "pontine gray" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1516] synonym: "pontine gray matter" RELATED [BTO:0003396] synonym: "pontine nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1516] synonym: "pontine nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:72512] synonym: "pontine nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "pontine nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PG xref: BM:Pons-PGr xref: BTO:0003396 xref: FMA:72512 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Lower_pons_horizontal_KB.svg xref: MA:0001021 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1516 xref: SCTID:304942009 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002567 ! basal part of pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002152 name: middle cerebellar peduncle def: "The middle cerebellar peduncles (brachia pontis) are composed entirely of centripetal fibers, which arise from the cells of the nuclei pontis of the opposite side and end in the cerebellar cortex; the fibers are arranged in three fasciculi, superior, inferior, and deep. The superior fasciculus, the most superficial, is derived from the upper transverse fibers of the pons; it is directed backward and lateralward superficial to the other two fasciculi, and is distributed mainly to the lobules on the inferior surface of the cerebellar hemisphere and to the parts of the superior surface adjoining the posterior and lateral margins. The inferior fasciculus is formed by the lowest transverse fibers of the pons; it passes under cover of the superior fasciculus and is continued downward and backward more or less parallel with it, to be distributed to the folia on the under surface close to the vermis. The deep fasciculus comprises most of the deep transverse fibers of the pons. It is at first covered by the superior and inferior fasciculi, but crosses obliquely and appears on the medial side of the superior, from which it receives a bundle; its fibers spread out and pass to the upper anterior cerebellar folia. The fibers of this fasciculus cover those of the restiform body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_cerebellar_peduncle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachium pontis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1529] synonym: "pedunculus cerebellaris medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cerebellar_peduncle] xref: BM:Pons-BP xref: FMA:72515 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Gray705.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Gray705.png/200px-Gray705.png xref: MA:0002745 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1529 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1699 xref: SCTID:279219000 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007416 ! cerebellar peduncle is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem relationship: part_of UBERON:0002567 {source="FMA"} ! basal part of pons [Term] id: UBERON:0002153 name: fastigial nucleus def: "The fastigial nucleus or nucleus fastigii refers specifically to the concentration of gray matter nearest to the middle line at the anterior end of the superior vermis, and immediately over the roof of the fourth ventricle, from which it is separated by a thin layer of white matter. It is smaller than the nucleus dentatus, but somewhat larger than the nucleus emboliformis and nucleus globosus, the other two independent centers of gray matter in the cerebellum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Fastigial_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "medial (fastigial) nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "medial cerebellar nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus fastigii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fastigial_nucleus] synonym: "roof nucleus-1" EXACT [] xref: ABA:FN xref: BM:CB-CBM xref: FMA:72537 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray707.png/200px-Gray707.png xref: MA:0001009 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1146 xref: VHOG:0001699 is_a: UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002130 ! cerebellar nuclear complex property_value: homology_notes "One or more deep cerebellar nuclei appear in agnathans, sharks, ropefishes, lungfishes, Latimeria, and amphibians. Reptiles have two nuclei (a medial and a lateral), and birds and mammals have three nuclei (a medial, a lateral, and an interposed nucleus). The medial nucleus of mammals is known as the fastigial nucleus, and the lateral nucleus is known as the dentate nucleus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001699", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB, Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.260-261", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002132 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002154 name: lateral reticular nucleus def: "The lateral reticular nucleus, of the funiculus, can be divided into three subnuclei, the parvocellular, magnocellular and the subtrigeminal. As is typical of the reticular formation, none of these are very distinct subnuclei, but rather blurred distinctions between cell types and location. The lateral reticular nucleus sends all of its projections to the cerebellum. The parvocellular portion of the LRN and the immediately adjacent magnocellular portion send most their projections to the vermis of the cerebellum. The rest of the magnocellular subnucleus sends its projections to the hemisphere regions of the cerebellum. The subtrigeminal nucleus sends its projections to the flocculonodular lobe. All of these efferent pathways are projected in an ipsilateral manner to the cerebellum, the most abundant of which are those to the vermis. This nucleus is also involved in the mediation of inspiration (in-breathing) with a part of the ventral r. nucleus. The afferent pathways to the LRN come from the spinal cord and higher brain structures. Most of the afferents come from the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord and project exclusively to the parts of the LRN that do not receive input from the cortex. The spinal cord projections terminate mostly in the parvocellular region along with the adjacent magnocellular cells. This implies that most input from the spinal cord is relayed into the vermis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_reticular_nucleus] comment: Comment: note in ABA this is disjoint from MDR, but we relax this here to accomodate FMA subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral reticular nucleus (medulla)" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus reticularis lateralis medullae oblongatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_reticular_nucleus] xref: ABA:LRN xref: BM:LR xref: FMA:72574 xref: MA:0001047 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081246 xref: TAO:0000535 xref: ZFA:0000535 is_a: UBERON:0002579 ! regional part of medullary reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0007635 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0009775 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009775 ! lateral medullary reticular complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0009775 {source="FMA"} ! lateral medullary reticular complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0009775 ! lateral medullary reticular complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002155 name: gigantocellular nucleus def: "The gigantocellular nucleus, as the name indicates, is mainly composed of the so called giant neuronal cells. This nucleus has been known to innervate the caudal hypoglossal nucleus, and responds to glutamateric stimuli. The gigantocellular nucleus excites the hypoglossal nucleus, and can play a role in the actions of the said nerve . This nucleus receives connections from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, and parvocellular reticular nucleus. Retrograde studies have shown that the deep mesencephalic reticular formation and oral pontine reticular nucleus project to the nucleus gigantocellularis. The dorsal rostral section of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis is also involved mediating in expiration (or out-breathing) along with the parvocellular nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gigantocellular_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gigantocellular reticular nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus gigantocellularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72576, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:GRN xref: FMA:72576 xref: MA:0001037 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005001 is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002156 name: nucleus raphe magnus def: "The nucleus raphe magnus, located directly rostral to the raphe obscurus, is afferently stimulated from axons in the spinal cord and cerebellum. This makes the magnus a likely candidate for part of the motor system; however, it seems to participate in the endogenous analgesia system. The magnus receives descending afferents from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, parvocellular reticular nucleus and the prelimbic, infralimbic, medial and lateral precentral cortices . All of these brain areas influence the main function of the raphe magnus. The main function of the magnus is mostly pain mediation; in fact it sends projections to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to directly inhibit pain. The periaquiductal gray, the epicenter of analgesia, sends efferent connections to the nucleus raphe magnus in when it is stimulated by opiates (endogenous or otherwise). Electrical stimulation of the PAG produces analgesia, as well as administration of morphine to the PAG or n.r. magnus. The antinociceptic effects of electrical stimulation of the PAG can be blocked by administering naloxone, an opiate antagonist, to the n.r. magnus. All of this seems to indicate that the magnus is part of the endogenous opiate system, and acts to inhibit pain in the spinal cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_magnus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "magnus raphe nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus raphes magnus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72584, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus raphes magnus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_magnus] synonym: "raphe magnus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_magnus] synonym: "raphe magnus nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1363] xref: ABA:RM xref: EFO:0002518 xref: FMA:72584 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: MA:0001024 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1363 is_a: UBERON:0002677 ! regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 {source="FMA", source="NIF", source="Wikipedia"} ! medullary raphe nuclear complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002157 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002684 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002157 name: nucleus raphe pallidus def: "The nucleus raphe pallidus receives afferent connections from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, and parvocellular reticular nucleus. Also, the pallidus receives afferents from the medial preoptic area, median preoptic nucleus and lateral paragigantocellular reticular nuclei . The pallidus has recently been shown to be involved in the activation of a fever as an immunoreaction. It has been implied that the preoptic area is constantly inhibiting the raphe pallidus, especially the rostral portion, with GABA. When the preoptic area receives immune signals from the body, the inhibition stops and the rostral portion of the raphe pallidus excites the intermediolateral cell column, which induces a fever . The raphe pallidus has also been known to mediate the tachycardia response, an extremely high heart rate known to be incited by emotional or psychological stress. Microinjections of a GABA-a antagonist into the raphe pallidus, induces an increased heart rate. Conversely, microinjections of muscimol, a GABA-a agonist, inhibit tachycardia in rats under air-stress stimuli. In both of these cases, GABA is mediating two different sympathetic responses, so clearly the nucleus raphe pallidus is a far more a complex nucleus than previously thought. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_pallidus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus raphes pallidus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72586, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus raphes pallidus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_pallidus] synonym: "pallidal raphe nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "raphe pallidus nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:RPA xref: FMA:72586 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: MA:0001051 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1375 is_a: UBERON:0002677 ! regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 {source="FMA"} ! medullary raphe nuclear complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002156 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002684 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002158 name: principal inferior olivary nucleus def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that consists of the major laminar structure." [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "chief inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "convoluted olive" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081248] synonym: "inferior olivary complex, principal olive" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior olive principal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior olive, principal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "main olivary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus olivaris principalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72592, FMA:TA] synonym: "principal nucleus of inferior olive" EXACT [] synonym: "principal olivary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "principal olive" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081248] xref: FMA:72592 xref: MA:0001046 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081248 is_a: UBERON:0007244 ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002159 name: medial accessory inferior olivary nucleus def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that lies between the primary olivary nucleus and the pyramid, and forms a curved lamina, the concavity of which is directed laterally" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "inferior olivary complex, medial accessory olive" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior olive medial nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior olive, medial nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "medial accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus olivaris accessorius medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72594, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72594 xref: MA:0001045 xref: SCTID:369069003 is_a: UBERON:0007244 ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002160 name: nucleus prepositus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "nucleus praepositus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2652] synonym: "nucleus prepositus hypoglossus" RELATED [] synonym: "prepositus hypoglossal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "prepositus nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PRP xref: FMA:72596 xref: MA:0001023 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2652 xref: SCTID:369078009 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002881 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002161 name: gracile nucleus def: "Located in the medulla oblongata, the gracile nucleus is one of the dorsal column nuclei that participate in the sensation of fine touch and proprioception of the lower body (legs and trunk). It contains second-order neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscus system, which receive inputs from sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia and send axons that synapse in the thalamus. The neurons contained within the nucleus form a visible bump called the gracile tubercle on the posterior side of the closed medulla at the floor of the fourth ventricle. The gracile nucleus and fasciculus carry epicritic, kinesthetic, and conscious proprioceptive information from the lower part of the body (below the level of T6 in the spinal cord). The counterpart to the gracile nucleus and fasciculus is the cuneate nucleus and fasciculus, which carries the same type of information, but from the upper body (above T6, excepting the face and ear - the information from the face and ear is carried by the primary sensory trigeminal nucleus). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gracile_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Goll's nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "golls nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2643] synonym: "nucleus gracilis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2643] synonym: "nucleus gracilis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gracile_nucleus] xref: ABA:GR xref: BM:Me-Gr xref: EV:0100280 xref: FMA:72602 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Gray688.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Gray688.png/200px-Gray688.png xref: MA:0001038 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2643 xref: SCTID:369071003 is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002045 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002162 name: area postrema def: "A small, rounded eminence on each side of the FOURTH VENTRICLE, which receives nerve fibers from the SOLITARY NUCLEUS , SPINAL CORD, and adjacent areas of the MEDULLA. The area postrema lies outside the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER and its functions include acting as an emetic chemoreceptor." [MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.406.286, Wikipedia:Area_postrema] comment: Function notes: vomiting center in humans[WP] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: ABA:AP xref: BTO:0003425 xref: FMA:72607 xref: GAID:591 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray709.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray709.png/200px-Gray709.png xref: MA:0001034 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.406.286 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2636 xref: SCTID:369039005 xref: TAO:0005146 xref: ZFA:0005146 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0010135 {source="MA"} ! sensory circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="MA", source="ZFA"} ! medulla oblongata property_value: external_definition "An area of medulla oblongata, outside the blood-brain barrier. The apical terminals of the neurons are, in a strategic location either to monitor the chemical constitution of the plasma or to release neurogenic substances into the general circulation. Ma 1997.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005146", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002163 name: inferior cerebellar peduncle def: "The upper part of the posterior district of the medulla oblongata is occupied by the inferior peduncle, a thick rope-like strand situated between the lower part of the fourth ventricle and the roots of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. Each cerebellar inferior peduncle connects the medulla spinalis and medulla oblongata with the cerebellum, and comprises the juxtarestiform body and restiform body. Important fibers running through the inferior cerebellar peduncle include the spinocerebellar tract and axons from the inferior olivary nucleus, among others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_peduncle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus restiforme" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72615, FMA:TA] synonym: "inferior peduncle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_peduncle] synonym: "pedunculus cerebellaris inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_cerebellar_peduncle] synonym: "restiform body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1691] xref: BM:RB xref: FMA:72615 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray677.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gray677.png/200px-Gray677.png xref: MA:0002744 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1645 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1691 xref: SCTID:362418008 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007416 ! cerebellar peduncle is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002164 name: tectobulbar tract def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the optic tectum towards target cells in the premotor reticulospinal system in the hindbrain." [GO:0034429] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "tecto-bulbar tract" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72645 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_750 xref: SCTID:369265000 xref: TAO:0000446 xref: ZFA:0000446 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002165 name: endocardium alt_id: UBERON:0006225 def: "The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers[GO]. Tunica intima which has as its parts the endothelium of endocardium and the fibroelastic connective tissue that surrounds the cavity of a cardiac chamber[FMA]." [FMA:7280, Wikipedia:Endocardium] comment: fixed in GO to reflect FMA. See email to David/Varsha June 18 2010 subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "endocardial tissue" EXACT [EMAPA:17868] synonym: "heart endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0000084] synonym: "heart endocardium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010408 xref: BTO:0000387 xref: EFO:0000821 xref: EHDAA2:0004153 xref: EMAPA:17868 xref: EV:0100021 xref: FMA:7280 xref: GAID:550 xref: galen:Endocardium xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray493.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Gray493.png/200px-Gray493.png xref: MA:0000076 xref: MAT:0000455 xref: MESH:A.07.541.207 xref: ncithesaurus:Endocardium xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rsWA75K1cEduAAADggVaqvw xref: SCTID:362013006 xref: TAO:0001320 xref: VHOG:0000084 xref: XAO:0000066 xref: ZFA:0001320 is_a: UBERON:0002523 ! tunica intima is_a: UBERON:0005983 ! heart layer relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003084 ! heart primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007280 {evidence="definitional"} ! presumptive endocardium relationship: has_part UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart property_value: external_definition "Layer that lines the lumen of the heart.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001320", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the heart comprised of thin serous membrane, composed of endothelial tissue, that lines the interior of the heart.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010408", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002166 name: endocardium of atrium def: "Endocardium that is part of the atrium." [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "atrial endocardium" EXACT [] synonym: "atrium endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0000606] synonym: "atrium endocardium" EXACT [] synonym: "atrium of heart endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Cardiac atria endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac atrium endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endocardium of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endocardium of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endocardium of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endocardium of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart atrium endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:7284 xref: MA:0000077 xref: SCTID:192001005 xref: TAO:0002169 xref: VHOG:0000606 xref: ZFA:0001614 is_a: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 intersection_of: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0002167 name: right lung def: "Lung which consists of the right upper lobe, middle lobe and right lower lobe.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Right_lung] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0001730 xref: EHDAA:4969 xref: EMAPA:17661 xref: FMA:7309 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Gray972.png/200px-Gray972.png xref: MA:0000426 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361967000 xref: VHOG:0000301 is_a: UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000170 intersection_of: UBERON:0002048 ! lung intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000170 ! pair of lungs relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000170 ! pair of lungs property_value: homology_notes "Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000301", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.210", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002168 name: left lung def: "Lung which consists of the left upper lobe and left lower lobe.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Left_lung] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: EHDAA2:0000943 xref: EHDAA:4947 xref: EMAPA:17653 xref: FMA:7310 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Gray973.png/200px-Gray973.png xref: MA:0000425 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvVjKy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361982005 xref: VHOG:0000618 is_a: UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000170 intersection_of: UBERON:0002048 ! lung intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000170 ! pair of lungs relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000170 ! pair of lungs property_value: homology_notes "Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000618", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.210", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002169 name: alveolar sac alt_id: UBERON:0008871 def: "the small terminal dilation of the alveolar ducts around which the alveoli form pocket-like clusters" [MP:0010902, Wikipedia:Alveolar_sac] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "air sac" RELATED [MP:0010902] synonym: "pulmonary alveolar sac" EXACT [MP:0010902] synonym: "sacculus alveolaris" EXACT [FMA:7317] xref: BTO:0000061 xref: FMA:7317 xref: MA:0000418 xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolar_Sac xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCvh75wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361964007 is_a: UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000117 ! respiratory tube is_a: UBERON:0007499 ! epithelial sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0008874 intersection_of: UBERON:0007499 ! epithelial sac intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008874 ! pulmonary acinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 {source="MA"} ! alveolar system relationship: part_of UBERON:0008874 {source="FMA"} ! pulmonary acinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0008874 ! pulmonary acinus [Term] id: UBERON:0002170 name: upper lobe of right lung def: "The lobe of the right lung that is closest to the head." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "lobus superior pulmonis dextri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "right cranial lobe of lung" EXACT [] synonym: "right lung cranial lobe" EXACT [MA:0000429] synonym: "right lung superior lobe" RELATED [MA:0000429] synonym: "right upper lobe" EXACT [FMA:7333] synonym: "right upper lobe of lung" EXACT [FMA:7333] synonym: "superior lobe of right lung" EXACT [FMA:7333] synonym: "upper lobe of right lung" EXACT [galen:UpperLobeOfRightLung] xref: EHDAA2:0001747 xref: EHDAA:4987 xref: EMAPA:17991 xref: FMA:7333 xref: galen:UpperLobeOfRightLung xref: MA:0000429 xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung xref: SCTID:361969002 xref: VHOG:0000859 is_a: UBERON:0006518 ! right lung lobe is_a: UBERON:0008948 {source="FMA"} ! upper lobe of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0008948 ! upper lobe of lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0002171 name: lower lobe of right lung def: "The lobe of the right lung that is furtherst from the head." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "inferior lobe of right lung" EXACT [FMA:7337] synonym: "lobus inferior pulmonis dextri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7337, FMA:TA] synonym: "lower lobe of right lung" EXACT [galen:LowerLobeOfRightLung] synonym: "right caudal lobe of lung" EXACT [] synonym: "right lower lobe" EXACT [FMA:7337] synonym: "right lower lobe of lung" EXACT [FMA:7337] synonym: "right lung caudal lobe" RELATED [MA:0000428] synonym: "right lung inferior lobe" RELATED [MA:0000428] xref: EHDAA2:0001740 xref: EHDAA:4979 xref: EMAPA:17986 xref: FMA:7337 xref: galen:LowerLobeOfRightLung xref: MA:0000428 xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung xref: SCTID:361976007 xref: VHOG:0000857 is_a: UBERON:0006518 ! right lung lobe is_a: UBERON:0008949 {source="FMA"} ! lower lobe of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0008949 ! lower lobe of lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0002172 name: alveolar atrium synonym: "alveolus of lung atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "atrium alveolare" EXACT [] synonym: "atrium of alveolus" EXACT [] synonym: "atrium of alveolus of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "atrium of lung alveolus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lung alveolus atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:7340 xref: MA:0000419 xref: SCTID:201806004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0002173 name: alveolar duct def: "Alveolar ducts are the tiny end ducts of the branching airways that fill the lungs. Each lung holds approximately 1.5 to 2 million of them. The tubules divide into two or three alveolar sacs at the distal end. They are formed from the confluence openings of several alveoli. Distal terminations of alveolar ducts are atria which then end in alveolar sacs. In human anatomy, respiratory bronchioles exists proximal to the alveolar ducts. The epithelial lining consists of smooth muscle knobs covered by nonciliated, simple cuboidal cells. The smooth muscle constricts under parasympathetic innervation and relax under sympathetic innervation. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Alveolar_duct] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:7341 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Gray975.png xref: MA:0000417 xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolar_Duct xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvXmfV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0002174 name: middle lobe of right lung def: "In the human, the right lung is divided into three lobes (as opposed to two lobes on the left), superior, middle, and inferior, by two interlobular fissures: [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_lobe_of_right_lung] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intermediate lobe of right lung" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus medius pulmonis dextri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7383, FMA:TA] synonym: "middle lobe of lung" BROAD [FMA:7383] synonym: "right lung middle lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "right lung, middle lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "right middle lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "right middle lobe of lung" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17997 xref: FMA:7383 xref: galen:MiddleLobeOfRightLung xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Gray972.png/200px-Gray972.png xref: MA:0000430 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung xref: SCTID:361973004 is_a: UBERON:0006518 ! right lung lobe is_a: UBERON:0008955 ! middle lobe of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0008955 ! middle lobe of lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0002175 name: intermediolateral nucleus def: "The intermediolateral nucleus is a region of gray matter found in Rexed lamina VII of the spinal column. Rexed Lamina VII contains several well defined nuclei including the nucleus dorsalis, the intermediolateral cell column (lateral gray horn), and the sacral autonomic nucleus. It extends from the first thoracic through the third lumbar segment, and contains the autonomic motor neurons that give rise to the preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intermediolateral_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intermediolateral nucleus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus intermediolateralis medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:73915, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus intermediolateralis medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intermediolateral_nucleus] synonym: "spinal cord intermediolateral nucleus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:73915 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg.png xref: MA:0002753 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002176 name: lateral cervical nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:73921 xref: MA:0002755 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002177 name: right main bronchus def: "The main bronchus on the right side." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Right_main_bronchus] comment: Divides into 3 lobar bronchi in humans[ISBN10:0123813611] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchus principalis dexter" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Right_main_bronchus] synonym: "right bronchus" EXACT [] synonym: "right primary bronchus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_main_bronchus] synonym: "right principal bronchus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_main_bronchus] xref: FMA:7395 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg/200px-Illu_conducting_passages.jpg xref: MA:0001849 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Main_Bronchus xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvoIuvJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361955002 is_a: UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0006518 intersection_of: UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0006518 ! right lung lobe relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0006518 ! right lung lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002178 name: left main bronchus def: "The main bronchus on the left side." [Wikipedia:Left_main_bronchus] comment: Divides into 2 lobar bronchi in humans[ISBN10:0123813611] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchus principalis sinister" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_main_bronchus] synonym: "left bronchus" EXACT [] synonym: "left primary bronchus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Left_main_bronchus] synonym: "left principal bronchus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Left_main_bronchus] xref: FMA:7396 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg/200px-Illu_conducting_passages.jpg xref: MA:0001843 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Main_Bronchus xref: SCTID:361959008 is_a: UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0008951 intersection_of: UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0008951 ! left lung lobe relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0008951 ! left lung lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002179 name: lateral funiculus def: "The most lateral of the bundles of the anterior nerve roots is generally taken as a dividing line that separates the antero-lateral region into two parts, viz. , an anterior funiculus, between the anterior median fissure and the most lateral of the anterior nerve roots; and a lateral funiculus, between the exit of these roots and the postero-lateral sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_funiculus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "funiculus lateralis medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_funiculus] synonym: "lateral funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:74000] xref: FMA:74000 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png xref: SCTID:362434006 xref: TAO:0000533 xref: ZFA:0000533 is_a: UBERON:0006127 ! funiculus of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002180 name: ventral funiculus def: "The most lateral of the bundles of the anterior nerve roots is generally taken as a dividing line that separates the antero-lateral region into two parts, viz. , an anterior funiculus, between the anterior median fissure and the most lateral of the anterior nerve roots; and a lateral funiculus, between the exit of these roots and the postero-lateral sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_funiculus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior funiculus" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:74003] synonym: "funiculus anterior medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74003, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventral funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:74003] xref: FMA:74003 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png xref: SCTID:362429007 xref: TAO:0000605 xref: ZFA:0000605 is_a: UBERON:0006127 ! funiculus of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002181 name: substantia gelatinosa def: "Gelatinous-appearing material in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, consisting chiefly of Golgi type II neurons and some larger nerve cells." [MESH:A.08.186.854.610.800, Wikipedia:Central_gelatinous_substance_of_spinal_cord_of_Rolando] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central gelatinous substance of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "gelatinous substance of dorsal horn of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "gelatinous substance of posterior horn of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "gelatinous substance of Rolando" EXACT [FMA:74019] synonym: "substantia gelatinosa cornu posterioris medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74019, FMA:TA] xref: EV:0100318 xref: FMA:74019 xref: GAID:701 xref: MA:0001124 xref: MESH:A.08.186.854.610.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Substantia_Gelatinosa is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002182 name: main bronchus def: "One of two branches of the trachea." [Wikipedia:Main_bronchus] comment: In humans, histologically identical to trachea. subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchus principalis" EXACT [FMA:7405] synonym: "extrapulmonary bronchus" EXACT [ISBN10:0123813611] synonym: "mainstem bronchus" EXACT [] synonym: "primary bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7405] synonym: "principal bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7405] synonym: "proximal bronchus" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0000932 xref: EHDAA2:0001044 xref: EHDAA:3072 xref: EMAPA:16849 xref: FMA:7405 xref: MA:0000438 xref: ncithesaurus:Main_Bronchus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvoIuvJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245508000 xref: VHOG:0000370 is_a: UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008947 {source="EHDAA2"} ! respiratory primordium relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0002183 name: lobar bronchus def: "The lobar bronchus is the major airway within the respiratory tree that starts by division of the principal bronchi on both sides and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi[GO]." [GO:0060482, Wikipedia:Secondary_bronchus] comment: Structure notes: They have relatively large lumens that are lined by respiratory epithelium. There is a smooth muscle layer below the epithelium arranged as two ribbons of muscle that spiral in opposite directions. This smooth muscle layer contains seromucous glands. Irregularly arranged plates of hyaline cartilage surround the smooth muscle. These plates give structural support to the bronchus and maintain the patency of the lumen. subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchi lobaris" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Secondary_bronchus] synonym: "lobar bronchi" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Secondary_bronchus] synonym: "secondary bronchi" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Secondary_bronchus] synonym: "secondary bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7406, Wikipedia:Secondary_bronchus] xref: EHDAA:4955 xref: EHDAA:4963 xref: EHDAA:4977 xref: EHDAA:4985 xref: EHDAA:4993 xref: EHDAA:8175 xref: EHDAA:8187 xref: EHDAA:8203 xref: EHDAA:8213 xref: EHDAA:8225 xref: EMAPA:17998 xref: FMA:7406 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Illu_quiz_lung05.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Illu_quiz_lung05.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_lung05.jpg xref: MA:0000437 xref: ncithesaurus:Lobar_Bronchus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQMLXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245509008 is_a: UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000101 {source="FMA"} ! lobe of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0002184 name: segmental bronchus def: "The tertiary bronchi (also known as the segmental bronchi) arise from the secondary bronchi. The respiratory epithelium lining their lumen is surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle. This layer is composed of two ribbons of smooth muscle that spiral in opposite directions. The smooth muscle layer is surrounded by irregular plates of hyaline cartilage which help maintain the patency of the airway. Each of the tertiary bronchi serves a specific bronchopulmonary segment. There are 10 tertiary bronchi in the right lung, and eight in the left. The tertiary bronchi get smaller and divide into primary bronchioles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Segmental_bronchus] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tertiary bronchus" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA:7043 xref: EHDAA:7049 xref: EHDAA:7058 xref: EHDAA:7064 xref: EHDAA:7070 xref: FMA:7407 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Illu_quiz_lung05.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_lung05.jpg xref: MA:0000439 xref: ncithesaurus:Segmental_Bronchus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQGFgZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245513001 xref: VHOG:0001446 is_a: UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000101 {source="FMA"} ! lobe of lung relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0002185 name: bronchus def: "A portion of the airway that connects to the lungs[GO]." [Wikipedia:Bronchus] comment: In humans, the main bronchus is histologically identical to trachea; 2ary and 3ary bronchi are not; epithelium becomes simple columnar, goblet cell number decreases, elastic fibers in lamina propria increases, distribution more uniform. Muscular layer between mucosa and submucosa appears. cartilage rings become discontinuous plates connected by fibrous connective tissue subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchi" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "bronchial tissue" RELATED [BTO:0001340] synonym: "bronchial trunk" EXACT [FMA:7409] xref: BTO:0001340 xref: EFO:0000932 xref: EV:0100041 xref: FMA:7409 xref: GAID:346 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Respiratory_system_complete_numbered.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Respiratory_system_complete_numbered.svg/200px-Respiratory_system_complete_numbered.svg.png xref: MA:0000436 xref: MAT:0000133 xref: MESH:A.04.411.125 xref: MIAA:0000133 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus xref: SCTID:181215002 xref: VHOG:0000262 xref: XAO:0000121 is_a: UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0007196 ! tracheobronchial tree property_value: external_definition "Each of the two primary divisions of the trachea leading respectively into the right and the left lung. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000262", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002186 name: bronchiole def: "the first airway branch that no longer contains cartilage; it is a branch of the bronchus[GO]." [Wikipedia:Bronchiole] comment: Structure notes: lacks submucosa and cartilage plates; they have 3 layers: mucosa, muscular layer and outer layer[ISBN10:0123813611] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchioli" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "bronchiolus" RELATED [BTO:0002375] synonym: "lobular bronchiole" EXACT [FMA:7410] xref: BTO:0002375 xref: EHDAA:8171 xref: EHDAA:8183 xref: EHDAA:8199 xref: EHDAA:8221 xref: FMA:7410 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png xref: MA:0000422 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchiole xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvl9iDpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278982001 xref: VHOG:0000675 is_a: UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000117 ! respiratory tube is_a: UBERON:0002031 ! epithelium of bronchus is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! epithelial tube relationship: branch_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 {source="MA"} ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0007196 {source="FMA"} ! tracheobronchial tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0010368 {source="ncit"} ! pulmonary lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0002187 name: terminal bronchiole def: "A terminal bronchiole is a bronchiole at the end of the conducting zone. At the transition into the respiratory zone, alveoli become present. The terminal bronchiole is the most distal segment of the conducting zone. Each of the terminal bronchioles divides to form respiratory bronchioles which contain a small number of alveoli. Terminal bronchioles are lined with simple cuboidal epithelium containing Clara cells. Terminal bronchioles contain a limited number of ciliated cells and no goblet cells. Clara cells are non-ciliated, rounded protein secreting cells. Their secretions are a nonsticky, proteinaceous compound to maintain the airway in the smallest bronchioles. The secretion, called surfactant, reduces surface tension allowing for bronchioles to expand during inspiration and keeping the bronchioles from collapsing during expiration. Clara cells, a stem cell of the respiratory system, produce enzymes that detoxify substances dissolved in the respiratory fluid. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Terminal_bronchiole] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchioli terminalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Terminal_bronchiole] synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT LATIN [] xref: BTO:0003223 xref: FMA:7411 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png xref: MA:0000424 xref: ncithesaurus:Terminal_Bronchiole xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwS7IU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278981008 is_a: UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0002188 name: respiratory bronchiole def: "A bronchiole that is the first segment of the respiratory zone." [ISBN10:0123813611, Wikipedia:Respiratory_bronchiole] comment: Taxon notes: mice have few or none of these structures, with the terminal bronchioles transitioning directly to the alveolary ducts[ISBN10:0123813611] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorii" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Respiratory_bronchiole] synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7412] xref: BTO:0003222 xref: FMA:7412 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png xref: MA:0000423 xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_Bronchiole xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwS6ki5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:128517006 is_a: UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002173 ! alveolar duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0008874 {source="ISBN10:0123813611"} ! pulmonary acinus relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0002189 name: outer cortex of kidney comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "kidney outer cortex" EXACT [MA:0001649] synonym: "outer renal cortex" EXACT [] xref: FMA:74285 xref: MA:0001649 is_a: UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0002190 name: subcutaneous adipose tissue synonym: "fatty layer of subcutaneous tissue" EXACT [FMA:74315] synonym: "panniculus adiposus (tela subcutanea)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74315, FMA:TA] synonym: "panniculus adiposus telae subcutaneae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74315, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0004042 xref: FMA:74315 xref: MA:0000473 is_a: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 intersection_of: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis [Term] id: UBERON:0002191 name: subiculum def: "The subiculum is the most inferior component of the hippocampal formation. It lies between the entorhinal cortex and the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus proper. It receives input from CA1 and entorhinal cortical layer III pyramidal neurons and is the main output of the hippocampus. The pyramidal neurons send projections to the nucleus accumbens, septal nuclei, prefrontal cortex, lateral hypothalamus, nucleus reuniens, mammillary nuclei, entorhinal cortex and amygdala. The pyramidal neurons in the subiculum exhibit transitions between two modes of action potential output: bursting and single spiking. The transitions between these two modes is thought to be important for routing information out of the hippocampus. It is the site responsible for ictal activity in some cases of human epilepsy. It has also been implicated in working memory and drug addiction. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subiculum] comment: ABA:SUB is part of the retrohippocampal region, along with the entorhinal area. this is in the hippocampal formation but not the hippocampal region subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus parahippocampalis" RELATED [BTO:0003087] synonym: "subicular cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1305] synonym: "subiculum cornu ammonis" RELATED [BTO:0003087] synonym: "subiculum hippocampi" EXACT [FMA:74414] xref: ABA:SUB xref: BM:Tel-Cx-SB xref: BTO:0003087 xref: FMA:74414 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg/200px-Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg xref: MA:0000960 xref: ncithesaurus:Subiculum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1305 xref: SCTID:369097009 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002421 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! hippocampal formation property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001953 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002728 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004683 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002192 name: ventricular system choroidal fissure def: "The narrow cleft along the medial wall of the lateral ventricle along the margins of which the choroid plexus is attached; it lies between the upper surface of the thalamus and lateral edge of the fornix in the central part of the ventricle and between the terminal stria and fimbria hippocampi in the inferior horn[ZFA]." [ISBN:0815318960, ZFA:0001075] comment: Usage notes: not to be confused with optic fissure. the choroidal fissure is a subarachnoid space (via subarachnoid fissure in FMA). AO notes: Most ontologies appear to have switched to using less confusing primary terms for optic and choroidal fissues. Still need to check FMA - two possible terms? CARO notes: is this a groove or a space or a line? Structure notes: relate to lateral ventricle? subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chorioid fissure" RELATED [FMA:74512] synonym: "chorioidal fissure" RELATED [FMA:74512] synonym: "choroid fissure" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:74512, TAO:0001075] synonym: "choroid invagination" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000250] synonym: "choroidal fissure" RELATED [FMA:74512] synonym: "choroidal fissure of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83715] synonym: "lateral ventricle choroid fissure" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000250] synonym: "ventricular system choroid fissure" EXACT [VHOG:0001756] xref: EHDAA2:0000250 xref: EMAPA:17768 xref: FMA:74512 xref: FMA:83715 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroidal_Fissure xref: TAO:0001075 xref: VHOG:0001756 xref: ZFA:0001075 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space disjoint_from: UBERON:0005412 ! optic fissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005358 ! ventricle of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002193 name: hemolymphoid system def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of the hematopoietic system and the lymphoid system, or its analogs." [] synonym: "haemolymphoid system" RELATED [] synonym: "hematolymphoid system" EXACT [] synonym: "lymphomyeloid complex" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0004615 xref: EMAPA:18534 xref: EMAPA:18765 xref: FMA:74562 xref: MA:0000013 is_a: UBERON:0000467 {source="MA"} ! anatomical system [Term] id: UBERON:0002194 name: capsule of lymph node def: "Capsule surrounding lymph node composed of connective tissue with some plain muscle fibers. from its internal surface are given off a number of membranous processes or trabeculae, consisting, in man, of connective tissue, with a small admixture of plain muscle fibers; but in many of the lower animals composed almost entirely of involuntary muscle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lymph_node_capsule] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lymph node capsule" EXACT [] xref: FMA:74604 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Lymphknoten_%28Schwein%29.jpg/200px-Lymphknoten_%28Schwein%29.jpg xref: MA:0000739 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node_Capsule xref: SCTID:327532004 is_a: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: has_part UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0002195 name: trabecula of lymph node def: "Membranous process coming from capsule of lymph node[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lymph_node_trabeculae] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lymph node trabecula" EXACT [] synonym: "lymph node trabeculum" EXACT [] xref: FMA:74605 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray598.png/200px-Gray598.png xref: MA:0000746 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node_Trabecula is_a: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0002196 name: adenohypophysis def: "The glandular, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary regulates several physiological processes including stress, growth, and reproduction[WP]. The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin. In contrast to mammalian vertebrates, the adenohypophysis remains in a subepithelial position and there exists no equivalent of Rathke's pouch in zebrafish[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Adenohypophysis, ZFIN:curator] comment: note that BTO may contain an error here. Also note we may need to introduce taxon-specific developmental relationships: "While in most basal fish and tetrapods the adenohypophyseal anlagen invaginates to form Rathke’s pouch, in teleost fish the adenohypophyseal placode does not invaginate but rather maintains its initial organization forming a solid structure in the head"[NBK53175] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior hypophysis" EXACT [ZFA:0001282] synonym: "anterior lobe (hypophysis)" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of hypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior pituitary gland" RELATED [BTO:0000040] synonym: "lobus anterior (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74627, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobus anterior hypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74627, FMA:TA] synonym: "pituitary gland, anterior lobe" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010540 xref: BM:AHy xref: BTO:0000040 xref: BTO:0000496 xref: EFO:0000230 xref: EHDAA2:0000109 xref: EMAPA:17514 xref: FMA:74627 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gray1181.png/200px-Gray1181.png xref: MA:0000177 xref: MESH:A.06.407.747.608 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Lobe_of_the_Pituitary_Gland xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1581 xref: SCTID:245532007 xref: TAO:0001282 xref: VHOG:0000141 xref: ZFA:0001282 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005356 {source="NBK53175", gci_relation="part_of", exception="teleost", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:32523"} ! Rathke's pouch relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009122 {source="NBK53175", source="ZFA"} ! adenohypophyseal placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0000007 ! pituitary gland property_value: external_definition "Region of the pituitary gland derived from the buccal protrusion consisting of three regions.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010540", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin. In contrast to mamalian vertebrates, the adenohypophysis remains in a subepithelial position and there exists no equivalent of Rathke's pouch in zebrafish. Herzog et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001282", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000141", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002197 name: median eminence of neurohypophysis def: "The median eminence is part of the inferior boundary for the hypothalamus part of the human brain. A small swelling on the tuber cinereum posterior to the infundibulum - atop the pituitary stalk - the median eminence lies in the area roughly bounded on its posterolateral region by the cerebral peduncles, and on its anterolateral region by the optic chiasm. The median eminence is one of the seven areas of the brain devoid of a blood-brain barrier. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Median_eminence] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "eminentia mediana hypothalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74634, FMA:TA] synonym: "eminentia mediana hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_eminence] synonym: "median eminence" EXACT [] synonym: "median eminence of hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "median eminence of posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "median eminence of tuber cinereum" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010539 xref: BM:ME xref: BTO:0001954 xref: EHDAA2:0001080 xref: EHDAA:7540 xref: EMAPA:17521 xref: FMA:74634 xref: GAID:463 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000859 xref: MESH:A.06.407.747.734.500 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_925 xref: SCTID:369121004 xref: VHOG:0001179 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005408 ! circumventricular organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis property_value: external_definition "Region of the neurohypophysis.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010539", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001179", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002198 name: neurohypophysis def: "comprises the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system[WP]." [Wikipedia:Neurohypophysis] comment: Editor note - request magnocellular cell from CL. Request oxytocin secretion from GO. Notes: "The hypophysis or pituitary gland is derived, in part from an ectodermal outpocketing of the stomodeum (Rathke's Pouch) and in part from the floor of the diencephalon" [http://syllabus.med.unc.edu/courseware/embryo_images/] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "infundibular process" EXACT [FMA:74628] synonym: "lobus nervosus neurohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74628, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobus posterior (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74628, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobus posterior hypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74628, FMA:TA] synonym: "neural lobe" EXACT [FMA:74628] synonym: "neural lobe of pituitary" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1586] synonym: "neural lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74628] synonym: "neurohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "pituitary gland, posterior lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior lobe of pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74628] synonym: "posterior pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior pituitary gland" RELATED [BTO:0000937] xref: AAO:0010537 xref: BM:NY xref: BTO:0000937 xref: EHDAA2:0001271 xref: EHDAA:7536 xref: EMAPA:17519 xref: FMA:74628 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG/200px-Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG xref: MA:0000178 xref: MESH:A.06.407.747.734 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Lobe_of_the_Pituitary_Gland xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1586 xref: SCTID:245527006 xref: TAO:0001271 xref: VHOG:0000142 xref: ZFA:0001271 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003296 ! gland of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010134 {source="MA"} ! secretory circumventricular organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006250 {source="EHDAA2"} ! infundibular recess of 3rd ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000007 {source="ZFA"} ! pituitary gland property_value: external_definition "The infundibular part of the pituitary gland consisting of two regions.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010537", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000142", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002199 name: integument def: "The dermis, epidermis and hypodermis." [Wikipedia:Integument] comment: Usage notes: in FMA intergument = skin+superficial fascia(hypodermis), skin=dermis+epidermis+hair_nail. Note that the definition provided here excludes the more general sense of the term 'integument' used in invertebrates. Note that the VSAO class appears to include adnexa by its definition. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dermal system" RELATED [BTO:0000634] synonym: "dermoid system" RELATED [BTO:0000634] synonym: "Hautsystem" RELATED [BTO:0000634] synonym: "integumentum commune" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74657, FMA:TA] synonym: "skin" RELATED [] synonym: "tegument" RELATED [BTO:0000634] synonym: "the integument" EXACT [FMA:74657] xref: AAO:0000239 xref: BTO:0000634 xref: EHDAA2:0001844 xref: FMA:74657 xref: galen:Integument xref: MESH:A.17.815 xref: TAO:0000368 xref: VSAO:0000029 xref: ZFA:0000368 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis relationship: has_part UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000239", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is the outer protective covering of the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000029", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: external_definition "The outer protective barrier that separates the animal from its aquatic environment. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000368", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002200 name: vasculature of head def: "Vasculature that is part of a head [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "adult head vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult head vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cranial vasculature" EXACT [] synonym: "head vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head vasculature" RELATED [] synonym: "vascular network of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vascular network of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasculature of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0003656 xref: FMA:74710 xref: TAO:0001267 xref: XAO:0004152 xref: ZFA:0001267 is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0002201 name: vasculature of trunk def: "A vasculature that is part of a trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "torso vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk vasculature" EXACT [] synonym: "vascular network of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vascular network of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasculature of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:74712 xref: TAO:0005024 xref: ZFA:0005024 is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0002202 name: submucosa of trachea comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "submucosa of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "tracheal submucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "windpipe submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0002115 xref: FMA:7472 xref: MA:0001860 xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Submucosa xref: SCTID:4419000 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004777 ! respiratory system submucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0002203 name: vasculature of eye def: "Vasculature that is part of the eye region." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3489658&group_id=76834&atid=994726, OBOL:automatic] comment: not part of the eye in ZFA. Note this changed to a blood vessel in ZFA subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "eye vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "eye vasculature" RELATED [] synonym: "ocular blood vessel" EXACT [ZFA:0007057] synonym: "ocular vasculature" EXACT [] synonym: "optic vasculature" RELATED [] synonym: "vascular network of eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:74743 xref: SCTID:123846009 xref: TAO:0007057 xref: ZFA:0007057 is_a: UBERON:0002200 ! vasculature of head is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006876 ! vasculature of organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 {source="FMA"} ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0002204 name: musculoskeletal system def: "Anatomical system that consists of the muscular and skeletal systems." [VSAO:0000031, Wikipedia:Musculoskeletal_system] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculo-skeletal system" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010546 xref: EV:0100139 xref: FMA:7482 xref: GAID:98 xref: MA:0002418 xref: MESH:A.02 xref: ncithesaurus:Musculoskeletal_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rQRpVNgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g xref: SCTID:278858007 xref: VHOG:0001275 xref: VSAO:0000031 xref: XAO:0000168 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: has_part UBERON:0000383 ! musculature of body property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that provides locomotion and physical support to the organism.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010546", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "There are more than 50,000 extant vertebrate species, representing over 500 million years of evolution. During that time, the vertebrate musculoskeletal systems have adapted to aquatic, terrestrial, fossorial, and arboreal lifestyles, while simultaneously retaining functionally integrated axial and appendicular skeletal systems.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001275", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/jez.b.21246 Shearman RM, Burke AC, The lateral somitic frontier in ontogeny and phylogeny. Journal of Experimental Zoology (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002205 name: manubrium of sternum def: "broad, upper part of the sternum. Located ventrally with a quadrangular shape, wider superiorly and narrower inferiorly, it articulates with the clavicles and the first two ribs[WP]." [Wikipedia:Manubrium] comment: May be cartilage in some species. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "manubrium" BROAD [] synonym: "manubrium of sternum" EXACT [] synonym: "manubrium sterni" EXACT [EMAPA:18723] synonym: "sternal manubrium" EXACT [MA:0001332] xref: EMAPA:18723 xref: FMA:7486 xref: GAID:247 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray116.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Gray116.png/200px-Gray116.png xref: MA:0001332 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.904.766.442 xref: ncithesaurus:Sternal_Manubrium xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvXOLAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182014008 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005181 ! thoracic segment organ is_a: UBERON:0010363 {source="Kardong"} ! endochondral element disjoint_from: UBERON:0006722 ! manubrium of malleus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011301 ! manubrium sternum pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum property_value: serially_homologous_to UBERON:0002208 {source="Kardong"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002206 name: mammillary body def: "The mammilary body is a protrusion at the posterior end of the hypothalamus that contains hypothalamic nuclei[GO]." [Wikipedia:Mammillary_body] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "corpus mamillare" EXACT [ZFA:0000334] synonym: "corpus mamillare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mammillary_body] xref: ABA:MBO xref: FMA:74877 xref: GAID:652 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray1180.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray1180.png/200px-Gray1180.png xref: MA:0000174 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.362.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Mamillary_Body xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_865 xref: SCTID:279306001 xref: TAO:0000334 xref: ZFA:0000334 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 {source="GO"} ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 {source="ABA"} ! medial zone of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="GO definition"} ! posterior hypothalamic region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002207 name: xiphoid process def: "A cartilaginous extension to the distal part of the sternum." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3153001&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] comment: this class may represent a mixed bony-cartilage element, or it may be the superclass of either purely cartilage or purely ossified elements. Taxon notes: usually ossified in the adult human. By age 15 to 29, the xiphoid usually fuses to the body of the sternum with a fibrous joint. Unlike the synovial articulation of major joints, this is non-movable. Much the way the first seven ribs articulate with the sternum, the cartilage in the celiac plexus joins on the xiphoid process, reinforcing it, and indirectly attaches the costal cartilage to the sternum. [WP,unvetted] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "metasternum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] synonym: "processus xiphoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] synonym: "processus xiphoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] synonym: "xiphisternum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] synonym: "xiphoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] synonym: "xiphoid process" EXACT [FMA:7488] synonym: "xiphoid process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] synonym: "xiphoid process of sternum" EXACT [] synonym: "xiphoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] synonym: "xiphosternal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] synonym: "xyphoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] xref: FMA:7488 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray117.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray117.png/200px-Gray117.png xref: MA:0001334 xref: ncithesaurus:Xiphoid_Process xref: SCTID:272711000 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum property_value: serially_homologous_to UBERON:0002208 {source="Kardong"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002208 name: sternebra def: "one of the bony segments of the sternum[TFD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sternebra, Wikipedia:Sternebra] comment: Note that some definitions state that this a segment of the primordial sternum. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sternebral bone" RELATED [EMAPA:18724] xref: EMAPA:18724 xref: FMA:7489 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Illu_thoracic_cage.jpg/200px-Illu_thoracic_cage.jpg xref: MA:0001333 xref: SCTID:95955004 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003827 ! thoracic segment bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006295 ! sternebral bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 {source="MA"} ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0002209 name: fibrous joint def: "Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, gomphosis.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Fibrous_joint] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "articulatio fibrosa" EXACT [] synonym: "junctura fibrosa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fibrous_joint] xref: AEO:0000178 xref: EHDAA2:0003178 xref: FMA:7492 xref: MA:0000321 xref: SCTID:37772004 xref: TAO:0005156 xref: ZFA:0005156 is_a: UBERON:0011134 {source="FMA"} ! nonsynovial joint property_value: external_definition "A joint where fibrous tissue such as ligament connects two calcified tissues.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005156", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002210 name: syndesmosis def: "Fibrous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages of the vertebral column and the limbs as well as articulating ossicles, are connected by skeletal ligaments or membranes. Examples: Intervertebral syndesmosis, inferior tibiofibular joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Syndesmosis] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:7494 xref: MA:0001500 xref: SCTID:89358004 is_a: UBERON:0002209 ! fibrous joint is_a: UBERON:0002213 ! cartilaginous joint [Term] id: UBERON:0002211 name: nerve root comment: we make nerve root continuous_with nerve to avoid inconsistencies with the spatial disjointness constraint between PNS and CNS, with nerves part_of CNS. FMA has segment of nerve with subtypes: segment of sympathetic trunk, nerve root, nerve rootlet, nerve root proper subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0000883 xref: FMA:5981 xref: ncithesaurus:Nerve_Root xref: SCTID:362295007 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001021 ! nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002212 name: macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth def: "The saccule is the smaller of the two vestibular sacs; it is globular in form, and lies in the recessus sphæricus near the opening of the scala vestibuli of the cochlea. Its anterior part exhibits an oval thickening, the macula of saccule (or saccular macula), to which are distributed the saccular filaments of the acoustic nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Macula_of_saccule] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "macula of membranous labyrinth saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "macula of saccule" EXACT [] synonym: "macula of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "macula saccule" EXACT [ZFA:0007000] synonym: "macula sacculi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74944, FMA:TA] synonym: "macula sacculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Macula_of_saccule] synonym: "membranous labyrinth saccule macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "saccular macula" EXACT [ZFA:0007000] synonym: "saccular macula of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [] synonym: "saccular maculs" RELATED [] synonym: "saccule macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "saccule of membranous labyrinth macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:74944 xref: MA:0001201 xref: ncithesaurus:Macula_of_Saccule xref: SCTID:362572004 xref: TAO:0007000 xref: XAO:0004136 xref: ZFA:0007000 is_a: UBERON:0000054 ! macula is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001854 intersection_of: UBERON:0000054 ! macula intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002213 name: cartilaginous joint def: "Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by cartilage. Examples: Spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint, pubic symphysis.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Cartilaginous_joint] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [] synonym: "junctura cartilaginea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cartilaginous_joint] xref: FMA:7496 xref: MA:0000320 xref: SCTID:58442004 xref: TAO:0005155 xref: ZFA:0005155 is_a: UBERON:0011134 {source="FMA"} ! nonsynovial joint [Term] id: UBERON:0002214 name: macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth def: "The portion of the utricle which is lodged in the recess forms a sort of pouch or cul-de-sac, the floor and anterior wall of which are thickened, and form the macula of utricle (or utricular macula), which receives the utricular filaments of the vestibulocochlear nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Macula_of_utricle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "macula of membranous labyrinth utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "macula of utricle" EXACT [] synonym: "macula of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "macula utricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000030] synonym: "macula utriculi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74960, FMA:TA] synonym: "macula utriculi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Macula_of_utricle] synonym: "membranous labyrinth utricle macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricle macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricle of membranous labyrinth macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricular macula" RELATED [] synonym: "utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) macula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0003474 xref: FMA:74960 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg/200px-Bigotolith.jpg xref: MA:0001203 xref: ncithesaurus:Macula_of_Utricle xref: SCTID:362568003 xref: TAO:0000030 xref: ZFA:0000030 is_a: UBERON:0000054 ! macula is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001853 intersection_of: UBERON:0000054 ! macula intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002215 name: synchondrosis def: "Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by hyaline cartilage. Examples: spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Synchondrosis] comment: Editor's note: WP considers epiphyseal plates as subtypes of this // consider adding link to hyaline cartilage subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilago epiphysialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7497, FMA:TA] synonym: "epiphysial cartilage" RELATED [FMA:7497] synonym: "primary cartilaginous joint" EXACT [FMA:7497] xref: FMA:7497 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Gray297.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gray297.png/200px-Gray297.png xref: MA:0001501 xref: SCTID:42903008 is_a: UBERON:0002209 {source="MA"} ! fibrous joint is_a: UBERON:0002213 ! cartilaginous joint [Term] id: UBERON:0002216 name: symphysis def: "Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by fibrocartilage. Examples: pubic symphysis, intervertebral symphysis, manubriosternal joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Symphysis] comment: Editors note: consider adding fibrocartilage class subset: uberon_slim synonym: "secondary cartilaginous joint" EXACT [FMA:7498] xref: FMA:7498 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray298.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gray298.png/200px-Gray298.png xref: MA:0001504 xref: SCTID:1584001 is_a: UBERON:0002209 {source="MA"} ! fibrous joint is_a: UBERON:0002213 {source="FMA"} ! cartilaginous joint [Term] id: UBERON:0002217 name: synovial joint def: "Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by an articular capsule which encloses a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: Temporomandibular joint, knee joint.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Synovial_joint] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "articulatio synoviale" EXACT [] synonym: "diarthrodial joints" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0005153] synonym: "diarthroses" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005153] synonym: "diarthrosis" EXACT [] synonym: "diarthrosis joint" EXACT [] xref: AEO:0000183 xref: EHDAA2:0003183 xref: FMA:7501 xref: galen:SynovialJoint xref: MA:0000322 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2bBV5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:113234001 xref: TAO:0005153 xref: ZFA:0005153 is_a: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint disjoint_from: UBERON:0011134 ! nonsynovial joint property_value: external_definition "Is a joint that is located at the point of contact of articulating bones allowing movement. The joint has a capsule containing synovial fluid surrounding the articulating bone surfaces.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005153", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:Curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002218 name: tympanic ring def: "a C-shaped membranous bone that provides physical support to the tympanic membrane. The tympanic ring develops sequentially from an initial primordium in the first branchial arch growing in a circumferential fashion around the first pharyngeal cleft into the second branchial arch (Mallo and Gridley, 1996). In most mammals, the tympanic ring exists only during embryonic life, when it coordinates proper development and positioning of the eardrum (see below), and then becomes integrated into the temporal bone[PMID]." [MP:0000030, PMID:11237469] comment: AO notes: in FMA, the tympanic ring is an anatomical line. Howevever PMID:11237469 states: "the tympanic ring, which serves as support for the tympanic membrane, directs invagination of the first pharingeal cleft ectoderm to form the external acoustic meatus (EAM), which provides the outer layer of the membrane". Taxon notes: check amphibians - in AAO "Funnel-like ring structure located lateral to the ventral ramus of the squamosal, beneath the skin; it provides support to the tympanic membrane". Gene notes: Gsc and Prx1 are essential for tympanic ring development synonym: "tympanic annulus" RELATED [] synonym: "tympanic membrane annulus" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000615 xref: EMAPA:19197 xref: MA:0001225 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0002514 {source="PMID:11237469"} ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0003457 ! head bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 {source="MA"} ! middle ear property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of plectral apparatus (AAO:0000443)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000615", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Funnel-like ring structure located lateral to the ventral ramus of the squamosal, beneath the skin; it provides support to the tympanic membrane.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000615", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002219 name: subfornical organ def: "Group of neurons situated on the ventral surface of the fornix at the level of the foramen of Munro in the third ventricle (adapted from Wikipedia via NIF)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100314, Wikipedia:Subfornical_organ] comment: Function notes: induces drinking behavior after stimulation with angiotensin II[MESH]. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "organum subfornicale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subfornical_organ] xref: ABA:SFO xref: FMA:75260 xref: GAID:795 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray715.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray715.png/200px-Gray715.png xref: MA:0000940 xref: MESH:A.08.713.840 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100314 is_a: UBERON:0002663 {source="MA"} ! septal nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0010135 {source="MA"} ! sensory circumventricular organ property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002221 name: fontanelle def: "Anatomical structure that is a membranous gap between bones of the skull[TAO]. In humans: Fontanelles are soft spots on a baby's head which, during birth, enable the bony plates of the skull to flex, allowing the child's head to pass through the birth canal. The ossification of the bones of the skull cause the fontanelles to close over by a child's second birthday. The closures eventually form the sutures of the neurocranium. Although there are the two anterior and posterior fontanelles, there are two more fontanelles of interest, the mastoid fontanelle, and the sphenoidal fontanelle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fontanelle] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "fontanel" EXACT [] synonym: "fontanelles" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001738] synonym: "fontanels" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001738] synonym: "fonticuli cranii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fontanelle] xref: FMA:75438 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray197.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray197.png/200px-Gray197.png xref: MA:0001465 xref: ncithesaurus:Fontanelle xref: SCTID:272681004 xref: TAO:0001738 xref: ZFA:0005536 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 {source="MA", source="ZFA"} ! neurocranium property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is a membranous gap between bones of the skull.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001738", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002222 name: perichondrium def: "Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds cartilage." [VSAO:0000036, Wikipedia:Perichondrium] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cartilage connective tissue" RELATED [] synonym: "perichondral region of cartilage" RELATED [] synonym: "perichondral region of cartilage element" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010445 xref: BTO:0005089 xref: FMA:75446 xref: MA:0003008 xref: SCTID:11881003 xref: TAO:0001643 xref: VSAO:0000036 xref: XAO:0004049 xref: ZFA:0001634 is_a: UBERON:0002384 {source="VSAO"} ! connective tissue relationship: surrounds UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element property_value: external_definition "Portion of connective tissue which surrounds cartilage.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001643", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002223 name: endolymphatic sac def: "From the posterior wall of the saccule a canal, the ductus endolymphaticus, is given off; this duct is joined by the ductus utriculosaccularis, and then passes along the aquaeductus vestibuli and ends in a blind pouch, the endolymphatic sac, on the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, where it is in contact with the dura mater. Studies suggest that the endolymphatic duct and endolymphatic sac perform both absorptive and secretory, as well as phagocytic and immunodefensive,functions . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Endolymphatic_sac] comment: Editor's note: EHDAA2 structure is embryonic subset: uberon_slim synonym: "saccus endolymphaticus" EXACT [AAO:0000551] synonym: "saccus endolymphaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Endolymphatic_sac] xref: AAO:0000551 xref: EHDAA2:0000441 xref: EHDAA:7761 xref: EMAPA:17593 xref: FMA:75639 xref: GAID:887 xref: MA:0001188 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.909.957.360.701 xref: SCTID:279810008 xref: VHOG:0000791 is_a: UBERON:0006937 ! inner ear epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007499 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial sac relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006226 {source="EHDAA2"} ! endolymphatic appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 {source="VHOG"} ! internal ear property_value: external_definition "The blind extremity of the endolymphatic duct. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000791", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/endolymphatic+sac"} property_value: homology_notes "Many adult anamniotes have an endolymphatic duct that opens onto the surface of the head. In other vertebrates, it either is lost or forms a small, deeply seated endolymphatic sac.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000791", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.413-414 and Figure 12-15", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002224 name: thoracic cavity def: "Body cavity subdivision which is enclosed by the thoracic wall and the diaphragm[FMA]." [FMA:7565, Wikipedia:Thoracic_cavity] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cavitas thoracis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thoracic_cavity] synonym: "cavity of chest" EXACT [] synonym: "cavity of thorax" EXACT [] synonym: "chest cavity" EXACT [] synonym: "pectoral cavity" EXACT [] synonym: "space of thoracic compartment" EXACT [FMA:7565] xref: FMA:7565 xref: GAID:93 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gray846.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg/200px-Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg.png xref: MA:0000032 xref: MESH:A.01.911.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Cavity xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rmvyleLfEEduAAAACs6hRXg xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvhU_TpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:243949006 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0002225 name: costal arch def: "The costal margin, sometimes referred to as the costal arch, is the medial margin formed by the false ribs -- specifically, from the eighth rib to the tenth rib." [Wikipedia:Costal_margin] comment: todo - split? check part_of relationship synonym: "arcus costae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costal_margin] synonym: "arcus costalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costal_margin] synonym: "costal margin" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costal_margin] synonym: "subcostal arch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costal_margin] xref: FMA:7569 xref: FMA:7570 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray115.png xref: MA:0001396 xref: ncithesaurus:Costal_Arch xref: SCTID:367767002 is_a: UBERON:0006800 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical line relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 {source="MA"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002226 name: basilar membrane of cochlea def: "a stiff structural element that separates two liquid-filled tubes that run along the coil of the cochlea, the scala media and the scala tympani[WP]." [Wikipedia:Basilar_membrane] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "basilar membrane" EXACT [MA:0001190] synonym: "lamina basilaris ductus cochlearis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basilar_membrane] xref: FMA:75706 xref: GAID:872 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Organ_of_corti.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cochlea-crosssection.png/250px-Cochlea-crosssection.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Organ_of_corti.svg/200px-Organ_of_corti.svg.png xref: MA:0001190 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.246.125 xref: ncithesaurus:Basilar_Membrane xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2521 xref: SCTID:362574003 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005764 {source="Wikipedia"} ! acellular membrane is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001864 ! scala tympani relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002295 ! scala media relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002227 name: spiral organ of cochlea def: "The organ of Corti (or spiral organ) is the organ in the inner ear of mammals that contains auditory sensory cells, or 'hair cells.' [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Organ_of_Corti] comment: Todo - check XAO, taxon constraints subset: uberon_slim synonym: "basilar papilla" RELATED [BTO:0001691] synonym: "cochlear spiral organ" EXACT [] synonym: "Corti's organ" RELATED [BTO:0001691] synonym: "organ of corti" RELATED [] synonym: "organum spirale" RELATED [BTO:0001691] synonym: "organum spirale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Organ_of_Corti] synonym: "spiral organ" EXACT [] synonym: "spiral organ of corti" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011018 xref: BTO:0001691 xref: EFO:0001364 xref: EMAPA:19061 xref: EMAPA:19151 xref: EV:0100364 xref: FMA:75715 xref: GAID:772 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Cochlea-crosssection.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cochlea-crosssection.png/200px-Cochlea-crosssection.png xref: MA:0001193 xref: ncithesaurus:Organ_of_Corti xref: ncithesaurus:Spiral_Organ_of_Corti xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2526 xref: SCTID:279841009 xref: VHOG:0001567 xref: XAO:0003145 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth property_value: external_definition "A sensory structure in the lagenar portion of an amphibian's membranous labyrinth between the oval and round windows.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011018", ontology="AAO", source="XAO:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The auditory hair cells in tetrapods are located in the inner ear in a structure known as the basilar papilla. In mammals this structure (along with some related structure) is called the organ of Corti.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001567", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.33", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002228 name: rib def: "An intersegmental rod-shaped bone that forms in the peritoneal membrane and attach to the vertebral parapophyses. They protect and support internal organs. In most vertebrates, ribs surround the chest. they enable lungs to expand by expanding the chest, they also protect the lungs, heart, and other internal organs of the thorax. In some animals, especially snakes, ribs may provide support and protection for the entire body." [Wikipedia:Rib, ZFIN:curator] comment: Humans have 24 ribs (12 pairs). The first seven sets of ribs, known as "true ribs", are directly attached to the sternum through the costal cartilage. The following five sets are known as "false ribs", three of these sharing a common cartilaginous connection to the sternum, while the last two (eleventh and twelfth ribs) are termed floating ribs (costae fluitantes) or vertebral ribs. They are attached to the vertebrae only, and not to the sternum or cartilage coming off of the sternum. Some people are missing one of the two pairs of floating ribs, while others have a third pair. Rib removal is the surgical excision of ribs for therapeutic or cosmetic reasons. In fish, there are often two sets of ribs attached to the vertebral column. One set, the dorsal ribs, are found in the dividing septum between the upper and lower parts of the main muscle segments, projecting roughly sideways from the vertebral column. The second set, of ventral ribs arise from the vertebral column just below the dorsal ribs, and enclose the lower body, often joining at the tips. Not all species possess both types of rib, with the dorsal ribs being most commonly absent. Sharks, for example, have no dorsal ribs, and only very short ventral ribs, while lampreys have no ribs at all. In some teleosts, there may be additional rib-like bones within the muscle mass. Tetrapods, however, only ever have a single set of ribs which are probably homologous with the dorsal ribs of fishes. In the early tetrapods, every vertebra bore a pair of ribs, although those on the thoracic vertebrae are typically the longest. The sacral ribs were stout and short, since they formed part of the pelvis, connecting the backbone to the hip bones.[1] In most subsequent forms, many of these early ribs have been lost, and in living amphibians and reptiles, there is great variation in rib structure and number. For example, turtles have only eight pairs of ribs, which are developed into a bony or cartilagenous carapace and plastron, while snakes have numerous ribs running along the full length of their trunk. Frogs typically have no ribs, aside from a sacral pair, which form part of the pelvis.[1]. In birds, ribs are present as distinct bones only on the thoracic region, although small fused ribs are present on the cervical vertebrae. The thoracic ribs of birds possess a wide projection to the rear; this uncinate process is an attachment for the shoulder muscles.[1]. Mammals usually also only have distinct ribs on the thoracic vertebra, although fixed cervical ribs are also present in monotremes. In marsupials and placental mammals, the cervical and lumbar ribs are found only as tiny remnants fused to the vertebrae, where they are referred to as transverse processes. In general, the structure and number of the true ribs in humans is similar to that in other mammals. Unlike reptiles, caudal ribs are never found in mammals.[1] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal rib" RELATED [] synonym: "pleural rib" RELATED [] synonym: "ribs" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000538] xref: AAO:0000545 xref: EFO:0003066 xref: EMAPA:18010 xref: FMA:7574 xref: GAID:245 xref: galen:Rib xref: MA:0000315 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.904.567 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjNoZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302523002 xref: TAO:0000538 xref: VHOG:0001154 xref: ZFA:0000538 is_a: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003459 ! chest bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0010898 ! gastralium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006288 {evidence="definitional"} ! rib cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0003252 ! rib cage property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that is intersegmental and rod-shaped, forming in the peritoneal membrane and attached to the vertebral parapophyses. Ribs protect and support internal organs.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000538", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral, rodlike element that articulates with the transverse process and parapophysis (double-headed rib), or with the transverse process only (single-headed rib); it extends into the body wall and provides a site for muscle attachment.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000545", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002229 name: interparietal bone def: "the bone of the cranium that lies above and anterior to the occipital bone in some mammals." [MP:0000077, Wikipedia:Interparietal_bone] comment: Taxon notes: rarely present in humans[PMID:3654370]. Editor notes: consider splitting classes for inter-parietal and post-parietal. postparietals paired in reptiles, fused in mammals. synonym: "inca bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interparietal_bone] synonym: "inter-parietal bone" EXACT [EMAPA:19017] synonym: "interparietal" EXACT [EHDAA:9530] synonym: "os interparietale" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interparietal_bone] synonym: "ossicle of Goethe" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interparietal_bone] synonym: "post-parietal bone" RELATED [VHOG:0001327] synonym: "postparietal" RELATED [VHOG:0001327] synonym: "postparietal bone" RELATED [VHOG:0001327] xref: EHDAA:9530 xref: EMAPA:19017 xref: FMA:75748 xref: MA:0001467 xref: SCTID:369438005 xref: VHOG:0001327 is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006251 {evidence="definitional"} ! interparietal bone primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="vault series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 {source="PMID:11523816"} ! vault of skull property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0004865 property_value: homology_notes "The homologization of cranial bones of actinopterygians with those of sarcopterygians based on the bone names established in human anatomy is favored in order to permit the building of phylogenetic relationship schemes beyond the taxonomic boundaries of osteichthyans (including tetrapods). (...) In actinopterygians, the terms parietal and postparietal bones have to replace the commonly used terms 'frontal' and 'parietal' bones for the two paired bones on the skull roof.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001327", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-3899370805 Arratia G, Schultze HP, Wilson MVH, Mesozoic Fishes 4 - Homology and Phylogeny (2008) p.23-48", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002230 name: head of rib def: "The head of the rib is the end of a rib closest to the vertebral column, with which it articulates with. It is marked by a kidney-shaped articular surface, divided by a horizontal crest into two facets for articulation with the depression formed on the bodies of two adjacent thoracic vertebrae; the upper facet is the smaller; to the crest is attached the interarticular ligament. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Head_of_rib] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caput costae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Head_of_rib] synonym: "rib head" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7575 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray122.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gray122.png/200px-Gray122.png xref: MA:0001415 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_Head xref: SCTID:263358001 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0005175 ! chest organ relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="PMID:15906248"} ! proximal segment of rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002231 name: body of rib comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "rib body" EXACT [] synonym: "rib shaft" EXACT [] synonym: "shaft of rib" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7577 xref: MA:0001416 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_Shaft xref: SCTID:263361000 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0005175 ! chest organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="PMID:15906248"} ! proximal segment of rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002232 name: olfactory gland def: "Bowman's glands (aka olfactory glands, glands of Bowman) are situated in the olfactory mucosa, beneath the olfactory epithelium, in the lamina propria, a connective tissue also containing fibroblasts, blood vessels, and bundles of fine axons from the olfactory neurons. The structure of the Bowman's glands consists of an acinus in the lamina propria and a secretory duct going out through the olfactory epithelium. Electron microscopy studies show that Bowman's glands contain cells with large secretory vesicles.[2] Bowman's glands might secrete proteins such as Lysozyme, amylase and IgA similarly to serous glands. The exact composition of the secretions from Bowman's glands is unclear, but there is evidence that Bowman's glands do not produce odorant binding protein[WP]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_glands] subset: organ_slim synonym: "Bowman's gland" RELATED [] synonym: "glandulae olfactoriae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_glands] synonym: "olfactory gland of Bowman" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010162 xref: BTO:0001697 xref: FMA:75801 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray857.png xref: MA:0000287 xref: SCTID:368891001 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001997 ! olfactory epithelium property_value: external_definition "Multicellular mucous glands of the olfactory epithelium, present only in adults.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010162", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002233 name: tectorial membrane of cochlea def: "The tectorial membrane (TM) is one of two acellular gels in the cochlea of the inner ear, the other being the basilar membrane (BM). The TM is located above the sulcus spiralis internus and the spiral organ of Corti and extends along the longitudinal length of the cochlea parallel to the BM. Radially the TM is divided into three zones, the limbal, middle and marginal zones. Of these the limbal zone is the thinnest (transversally) and overlies the auditory teeth of Huschke with its inside edge attached to the spiral limbus. The marginal zone is the thickest (transversally) and is divided from the middle zone by Hensen's Stripe. It overlies the sensory inner hair cells and electrically-motile outer hair cells of the organ of Corti and during acoustic stimulation stimulates the inner hair cells through fluid coupling, and the outer hair cells via direct connection to their tallest stereocilia." [Wikipedia:Tectorial_membrane_%28cochlea%29] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tectorial membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "tectorial membrane of spiral organ of cochlea" EXACT [] xref: FMA:75805 xref: GAID:876 xref: MA:0001199 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.246.292.906 xref: ncithesaurus:Tectorial_Membrane xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2531 xref: SCTID:368960006 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005764 {source="Wikipedia"} ! acellular membrane is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002276 {notes="limbal zone"} ! lamina of spiral limbus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002234 name: proximal phalanx of manus def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001395] synonym: "Proximal phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:75816] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fore digit" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of manual digit" EXACT [] xref: FMA:75816 xref: MA:0001395 xref: ncithesaurus:Proximal_Phalanx_of_Hand xref: SCTID:181986000 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0002235 name: tubercle of rib def: "The tubercle of a rib is an eminence on the posterior surface, at the junction of the neck and body of the rib, and nearer the lower than the upper border. It consists of an articular and a non-articular portion. The articular portion, the lower and more medial of the two, presents a small, oval surface for articulation with the end of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrae to which the head is connected. The non-articular portion is a rough elevation, and affords attachment to the ligament of the tubercle. The tubercle is much more prominent in the upper than in the lower ribs[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tubercle_(rib)] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "rib tubercle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7583 xref: MA:0001417 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_Tubercle xref: SCTID:361104005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005813 ! tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002231 intersection_of: UBERON:0005813 ! tubercle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002231 ! body of rib disjoint_from: UBERON:0011652 ! dorsal head of rib relationship: part_of UBERON:0002231 {source="FMA"} ! body of rib relationship: part_of UBERON:0002231 ! body of rib relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="PMID:15906248"} ! proximal segment of rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002236 name: costal cartilage def: "The costal cartilages are bars of hyaline cartilage which serve to prolong the ribs forward and contribute very materially to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Costal_cartilage] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilagines costales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costal_cartilage] synonym: "cartilago costalis" RELATED [BTO:0001721] synonym: "sternal cartilage" RELATED [BTO:0001721] xref: BTO:0001721 xref: FMA:7591 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Gray315.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Gray315.png/200px-Gray315.png xref: MA:0000106 xref: ncithesaurus:Costal_Cartilage xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP1g3pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244703004 is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003572 ! chest connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002237 name: true rib def: "A rib that is ventrally connected to the sternum." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:True_ribs] synonym: "costa vera" EXACT [] synonym: "costae verae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:True_ribs] xref: FMA:7592 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray115.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gray115.png/200px-Gray115.png xref: MA:0001419 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv4-iWJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:368044009 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000975 intersection_of: UBERON:0002228 ! rib intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0000975 ! sternum disjoint_from: UBERON:0002238 ! false rib relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000975 ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0002238 name: false rib def: "A rib that is not directly ventrally connected to the sternum." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:False_rib] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "asternal ribs" RELATED [Wikipedia:False_ribs] synonym: "costa spuria" EXACT [] synonym: "costae spuriae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:False_ribs] xref: FMA:7594 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Gray115.png/200px-Gray115.png xref: MA:0001398 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwLzzTZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:368045005 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002239 name: floating rib def: "A rib that is not connected to sternum or sternal cartilage." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Floating_rib] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "costa fluitante" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "costae fluctuantes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Floating_rib] synonym: "costae fluitantes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Floating_rib] synonym: "vertebral rib" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7595 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Skeleton_woman_back.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Skeleton_woman_back.png/200px-Skeleton_woman_back.png xref: MA:0001399 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvaPCWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:368046006 is_a: UBERON:0002238 ! false rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002240 name: spinal cord def: "Elongated, approximately cylindrical part of the central nervous system that lies in the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge." [OMD:spinal+cord, Wikipedia:Spinal_cord] comment: TODO: add superclass to unify with VNC? subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "medulla spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinal_cord] synonym: "medulla spinalis" RELATED [BTO:0001279] synonym: "spinal cord structure" RELATED [ZFA:0000075] synonym: "spinal medulla" RELATED [BTO:0001279] xref: AAO:0010151 xref: BM:SpC xref: BTO:0001279 xref: EFO:0000110 xref: EHDAA2:0001255 xref: EHDAA:2863 xref: EMAPA:17577 xref: EMAPA:17700 xref: EV:0100316 xref: FMA:7647 xref: GAID:695 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Spinal_cord_direv.svg xref: MA:0000216 xref: MAT:0000183 xref: MESH:A.08.186.854 xref: MIAA:0000183 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1709 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjjk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180959008 xref: TAO:0000075 xref: VHOG:0000601 xref: XAO:0000020 xref: ZFA:0000075 is_a: UBERON:0000489 ! cavitated compound organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005174 ! back organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003076 ! posterior neural tube relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006241 {evidence="definitional"} ! future spinal cord relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003853 {evidence="definitional"} ! spinal cord neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum property_value: external_definition "Part of the central nervous system which descends from the hindbrain within the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010151", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000601", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.165", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0000955 [Term] id: UBERON:0002241 name: chondrocranium def: "Endoskeletal elements that encase the brain, nose, inner ear[cjm]. that part of the neurocranium formed by endochondral ossification and comprising the bones of the base of the skull[TFD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/chondrocranium, Wikipedia:Chondrocranium] comment: Editor/AO notes: we follow the standard evolutionary classification and treat this as endoskeletal. This means what MA calls 'chondrocranium' must in fact be neurocranium, as it includes parts of the dermatocranium (e.g. frontal, parietal). Taxon notes: covers the brain dorsally in chondrichthyans subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "calvarium" RELATED [MA:0000317] synonym: "neurocranium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MA:0000317] xref: AAO:0010169 xref: EHDAA2:0000243 xref: EMAPA:17681 xref: TAO:0001424 xref: VHOG:0000288 xref: ZFA:0001424 is_a: UBERON:0011159 ! primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010169", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of cartilage and cartilage replacement bones.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001424", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002242 name: nucleus pulposus def: "a jelly-like connective tissue in the middle of the spinal disc. It is the remnant of the notochord. It functions to distribute hydraulic pressure in all directions within each disc under compressive loads. The nucleus pulposus consists of chondrocytes, collagen fibrils, and proteoglycan aggrecans that have hyaluronic long chains which attract water. Attached to each hyaluronic chain are side chains of chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_pulposus] comment: AO notes: we group two FMA classes together subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus propulsus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nucleus_pulposus] synonym: "nucleus propulsus of intervertebral disk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nucleus_pulposus] synonym: "nucleus pulposus (diskus intervertebralis)" EXACT [FMA:13550] synonym: "nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disk" RELATED [FMA:13550] synonym: "pulpy nucleus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003626 xref: FMA:13550 xref: FMA:76703 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Cervical_vertebra_english.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Cervical_vertebra_english.png/200px-Cervical_vertebra_english.png xref: MA:0000112 xref: SCTID:316586000 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002328 {editor="mah", source="ISBN10:0073040584", source="Wikipedia"} ! notochord relationship: part_of UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk [Term] id: UBERON:0002243 name: cutaneous vein def: "one of a number of veins in the subcutaneous tissue that empty into deep veins" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/cutaneous+vein] comment: AO notes: GAT in FMA xref: FMA:76720 xref: MA:0002098 xref: ncithesaurus:Cutaneous_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis [Term] id: UBERON:0002244 name: premaxilla alt_id: UBERON:0002253 def: "One of the bones of the upper jaw situated between and in front of the maxillae[VHOG]." [VHOG:0000426, Wikipedia:Incisive_bone, Wikipedia:Premaxilla] comment: Editors note: requires checking embryonic vs adult; isa fetal organ part in FMA; adult bone of upper jaw in AAO and ZFA; split. Note that we have loops if we add develops_from UBERON:0005620 {source="EHDAA2"} subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "incisive bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Incisive_bone] synonym: "os incisivum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premaxilla] synonym: "premaxilla bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premaxilla] synonym: "premaxillae" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "premaxillary" EXACT [PHENOSCAPE:ad] synonym: "premaxillary bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premaxilla] xref: AAO:0000461 xref: EHDAA:6962 xref: EHDAA:8033 xref: EMAPA:17641 xref: EMAPA:17933 xref: EMAPA:19033 xref: FMA:76869 xref: FMA:77231 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Gray160.png xref: MA:0001493 xref: SCTID:308884009 xref: TAO:0000567 xref: VHOG:0000426 xref: ZFA:0000567 is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011628 ! early premaxilla relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 {source="VHOG"} ! skeleton of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps inter-premaxillary joint (TAO:0001950)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000567", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps mesethmoid-premaxillary joint (TAO:0001676)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000567", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps premaxillary-maxillary joint (TAO:0002260)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000567", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that forms the anteriormost element of the upper jaw. It articulates with the maxilla posterodorsally and its antimere medially. The premaxilla is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000567", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "One of the bones of the upper jaw situated between and in front of the maxillae. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000426", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Paired, intramembranous bones located at the anterior end of the skull; they form the anterior-most segment of the maxillary arch.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000461", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) in all higher vertebrates a premaxilla is present (...) (reference 1); Although the presence of a tooth-bearing outer buccal arcade (premaxilla, maxilla, dentary) is cited as a common character of Osteichthyes, dipnoans lack all three bones (...) (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000426", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S0022215100025585 O'Malley JF, Evolution of the nasal cavities and sinuses in relation to function. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1924), ISBN:978-3540428541 Kapoor BG, Bhavna Khanna, Ichthyology Handbook (2004) p.105", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002245 name: hemisphere of cerebellum def: "A paired regions of the cerebellum that lie outside and lateral to the central vermis[MP]. The cerebellum consists of three parts, a median and two lateral, which are continuous with each other, and are substantially the same in structure. The median portion is constricted, and is called the vermis, from its annulated appearance which it owes to the transverse ridges and furrows upon it; the lateral expanded portions are named the hemispheres. The lateral hemisphere is considered the portion of the cerebellum to develop most recently. [WP,unvetted]." [MP:0009959, Wikipedia:Cerebellar_hemisphere] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum hemisphere" EXACT [] synonym: "Hemisphere of cerebellum [H II - H X]" EXACT [] synonym: "hemispherium cerebelli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_hemisphere] synonym: "hemispherium cerebelli [h ii - h x]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76925, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:HEM xref: FMA:76925 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png xref: MA:0000200 xref: ncithesaurus:Hemisphere_of_the_Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1575 xref: SCTID:362411002 is_a: UBERON:0002749 ! regional part of cerebellar cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002246 name: dorsal thoracic nucleus def: "." [Wikipedia:Clarke's_column] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Clarke's column" EXACT [] synonym: "Clarke's nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus thoracicus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77023, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior thoracic nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord dorsal nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "Stilling-Clarke's column" EXACT [] synonym: "Stilling-Clarke's nucleus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:77023 xref: MA:0001121 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002247 name: uterine horn def: "The uterine horns are the points where the uterus and the fallopian tubes meet. It is one of the points of attachment for the round ligament of uterus (the other being the mons pubis). The uterine horns are far more prominent in other animals than they are in humans[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Uterine_horns] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0004235 xref: EMAPA:18985 xref: FMA:77053 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Illu_female_pelvis.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Illu_female_pelvis.jpg/200px-Illu_female_pelvis.jpg xref: MA:0000393 xref: SCTID:245480007 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 {source="MA"} ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0002248 name: transverse pericardial sinus def: "The passage between the venous and arterial mesocardia —i.e., between the aorta and pulmonary artery in front and the superior vena cava behind. Also, the sinus that forms in the pericardial cavity where the dorso-mesentary pericardium reside.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Thiele's canal" EXACT [FMA:77132] synonym: "transverse sinus" BROAD [] synonym: "transverse sinus of pericardial cavity" EXACT [FMA:77132] xref: EHDAA2:0002077 xref: EHDAA:796 xref: EMAPA:16214 xref: FMA:77132 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Gray489.png/200px-Gray489.png xref: MA:0001880 is_a: UBERON:0010279 ! pericardial sinus relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0005601 {source="EHDAA2", source="MA-modified"} ! dorsal mesocardium [Term] id: UBERON:0002249 name: median artery comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:77142 xref: MA:0001999 xref: ncithesaurus:Median_Artery is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0002250 name: popliteal artery def: "In human anatomy, the popliteal artery is defined as the extension of the 'superficial' femoral artery after passing through the adductor canal and adductor hiatus above the knee. The termination of the popliteal artery is its bifurcation into the anterior tibial artery and posterior tibial artery. The popliteal artery, through numerous smaller branches, supplies blood to the knee joint and muscles in the thigh and calf. It is accompanied, along its length, by the popliteal vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Popliteal_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria poplitea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Popliteal_artery] xref: FMA:77155 xref: GAID:504 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Popliteal_artery.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Popliteal_artery.png/200px-Popliteal_artery.png xref: MA:0002021 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.681 xref: ncithesaurus:Popliteal_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvduV6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181350008 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0002251 name: iliocostalis muscle def: "The iliocostalis is the muscle immediately lateral to the longissimus that is the nearest to the furrow that separates the epaxial muscles from the hypaxial. It lies very deep to the fleshy portion of the serratus ventralis (serratus anterior). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "iliocostal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "iliocostalis" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral column of erector spinae" RELATED [] synonym: "musculus iliocostalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis] xref: FMA:77177 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Iliostalis.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Iliostalis.png/200px-Iliostalis.png xref: MA:0002319 xref: ncithesaurus:Iliocostal_Muscle xref: SCTID:244854008 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 {source="dbpedia", notes="Ribs"} ! rib relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0006839 {source="dbpedia"} ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001076 {source="dbpedia", notes="Sacrum/Illiac Crest/Spinous Processes of lower lumbar/thoracic vertebrae"} ! spinous process of vertebra relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003690 {source="dbpedia", notes="Sacrum/Illiac Crest/Spinous Processes of lower lumbar/thoracic vertebrae"} ! sacrum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002462 {source="Wikipedia"} ! erector spinae muscle group [Term] id: UBERON:0002252 name: splenius def: "." [Wikipedia:Splenius] comment: Muscle of neck in NA subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:77180 xref: MA:0002382 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenius is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0002254 name: thyroglossal duct def: "The thyroglossal duct is an embryological anatomical structure forming an open connection between the initial area of development of the thyroid gland and its final position. The thyroid gland starts developing in the oropharynx in the fetus and descends to its final position taking a path through the tongue, hyoid bone and neck muscles. The connection between its original position and its final position is the thyroglossal duct. This duct normally atrophies and closes off before birth but can remain open in some people. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thyroglossal_duct] comment: FMA treats this as vestigial subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus thyreoglossus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Thyroglossal_duct] synonym: "ductus thyroglossalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroglossal_duct] xref: EMAPA:17070 xref: EMAPA:18833 xref: FMA:77274 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Illu08_thyroid.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Illu08_thyroid.jpg/200px-Illu08_thyroid.jpg xref: MA:0000130 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroglossal_Duct xref: SCTID:308822005 xref: VHOG:0000746 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006590 ! vestigial embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland property_value: external_definition "An embryonic duct extending between the thyroid primordium and the posterior tongue. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000746", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thyroglossal+duct"} property_value: homology_notes "A duct, called the thyroglossal duct in mammals, is considered to be characteristic of thyroid development. The thyroglossal duct, degenerating in many species during late development, marks the way the thyroid primordium relocates during embryonic development from the pharynx to its position deep in the cervical mesenchyme. We cannot exclude that the duct of the endostyle and the thyroglossal duct may have evolved independently, but as they both represent a more or less persistent connection of the organ to the pharynx, it is likely that they are homologous structures.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000746", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1007/s00427-004-0450-0 Kluge B, Renault N, Rohr KB, Anatomical and molecular reinvestigation of lamprey endostyle development provides new insight into thyroid gland evolution. Development genes and evolution (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002255 name: vomeronasal organ def: "The vomeronasal organ (VNO), or Jacobson's organ, is an auxiliary olfactory sense organ that is found in many animals. It was discovered by Ludwig Jacobson in 1813. During embryological development, it forms from the nasal (olfactory) placode, at the anterior edge of the neural plate. It is a chemoreceptor organ which is completely separated from the nasal cavity the majority of the time, being enclosed in a separate bony or cartilaginous capsule which opens into the base of the nasal cavity. It is a tubular crescent shape and split into two pairs, separated by the nasal septum. It is the first processing stage of the accessory olfactory system, after which chemical stimuli go to the accessory olfactory bulb, then to targets in the amygdala and hypothalamus. The vomeronasal organ is mainly used to detect pheromones, chemical messengers that carry information between individuals of the same species, hence is sometimes referred to as the 'sixth sense. ' The VNO has two separate types of neuronal receptors, V1R and V2R, which are seven-transmembrane receptors that are coupled to G proteins. The receptors are distinct from each other and form the large family of receptors in the main olfactory system. Evidence shows that the VNO responds to nonvolatile cues which stimulate the receptor neurons. Information is then transferred to the accessory olfactory bulb as well as other centres of the brain such as the anterior part of the hypothalamus. Its presence in many animals has been widely studied and the importance of the vomeronasal system to the role of reproduction and social behavior (through influence on anterior hypothalamus) has been shown in many studies. Its presence and functionality in humans is widely controversial, though most studies agree the organ regresses during fetal development. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vomeronasal_organ] comment: Taxon notes: Generally formed only in tetrapods; lungfish have rudimentary VN organs; true VN organs are not normally found in recent fishes, birds, aquatic reptiles, aquatic mammals (Bertmar 1980). Humans: Its presence in many animals has been widely studied and the importance of the vomeronasal system to the role of reproduction and social behavior (through influence on anterior hypothalamus) has been shown in many studies. Its presence and functionality in humans was controversial, though most studies agree the organ regresses during fetal development. Many genes essential for VNO function in animals (such as TRPC2) are non-functional in humans (Liman ER. Use it or lose it: molecular evolution of sensory signaling in primates. Pflugers Arch. 2006;453(2):125-31.) subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Jacobson's organ" EXACT [XAO:0000272] synonym: "organ of Jacobsen" RELATED [] synonym: "organon vomeronasale" EXACT [] synonym: "organum vomeronasale" EXACT [BTO:0002608] synonym: "organum vomeronasale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vomeronasal_organ] synonym: "VNO" RELATED [VHOG:0000665] xref: AAO:0000997 xref: BTO:0002608 xref: EFO:0001934 xref: EHDAA2:0002211 xref: EHDAA:7865 xref: EMAPA:17612 xref: FMA:77280 xref: GAID:354 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Gray51.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Gray51.png/200px-Gray51.png xref: MA:0000289 xref: MESH:A.04.531.591.940 xref: SCTID:361346007 xref: VHOG:0000665 xref: XAO:0000272 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 {source="Wikipedia"} ! olfactory placode relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0009714 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! intermaxillary process relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0009954 ! vomeronasal system property_value: external_definition "An organ thought to supplement the olfactory system in receiving pheromonic communication. The sensory part of the organ is in two long, thin sacs, situated on either side of the nasal septum at its base. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000665", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/vomeronasal+organ"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) the vomeronasal organ is known only in some tetrapods. It is absent in most turtles, crocodiles, birds, some bats, and aquatic mammals. In amphibians, it is in a recessed area off the main nasal cavity. (...) In mammals possesing this organ, it is an isolated area of olfactory membrane within the nasal cavity that is usually connected to the mouth via the nasopalatine duct (reference 1); The opinions concerning the presence and functioning of the vomeronasal organ in humans are controversial. The vomeronasal cavities appear early in human foetuses. (...) Historical examination of the nasal septum revealed the presence of vomeronasal cavities in approximately 70% of adults. In contrast to the situation in other mammals, the organ is not supported by a rigid tube of bone or cartilage (reference 2); (...) the best evidence for the homology of the human VNO to that of other primates (and of mammals in general) is ontogenetic in nature, based on a common embryonic origin from a thickening (vomeronasal primordium) on the medial aspect of each olfactory pit (reference 3); (...) suggesting that lungfish possess a region homologous to the accessory olfactory bulb of tetrapods. Based on these results, it seems appropriate to refer to the recess epithelium as a primordium of the vomeronasal organ (reference 4). [debated][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000665", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.669 (ref.1), PMID:9866877 Doving KB, Trotier D, Review: Structure and function of the vomeronasal organ. The Journal of Experimental Biology (1998) (ref.2), DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19810077.x Smith TD, Siegel MI, Bonar CJ, Bhatnagar KP, Mooney MP, Burrows AM, Smith MA, Maico LM, The existence of the vomeronasal organ in postnatal chimpanzees and evidence for its homology with that of humans. J Anat (2001) (ref.3) , DOI:10.1002/ar.22415 Nakamuta S, Nakamuta N, Taniguchi K, Taniguchi K, Histological and ultrastructural characteristics of the primordial vomeronasal organ in lungfish. Anat Rec (Hoboken) (2012) (ref.4)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002256 name: dorsal horn of spinal cord def: "the pronounced, dorsolaterally oriented ridge of grey matter in each lateral half of the spinal cord[MP]. the dorsal (more towards the back) grey matter of the spinal cord. It receives several types of sensory information from the body, including light touch, proprioception, and vibration. This information is sent from receptors of the skin, bones, and joints through sensory neurons whose cell bodies lie in the dorsal root ganglion[WP]. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input[GO]." [GO:0021516, MP:0006282, Wikipedia:Posterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cornu dorsale" EXACT [ZFA:0000649] synonym: "cornu posterius medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] synonym: "dorsal gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530] synonym: "dorsal gray horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2667] synonym: "dorsal gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530] synonym: "dorsal grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal grey horn" BROAD [EMAPA:18574] synonym: "dorsal horn" EXACT [ZFA:0000649] synonym: "dorsal horn spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000649] synonym: "dorsal region of mature spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal region of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530] synonym: "posterior gray horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256530] synonym: "posterior grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior horn of spinal cord" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_horn_of_spinal_cord] synonym: "spinal cord dorsal horn" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord posterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2667] xref: BM:SpC-DH xref: EMAPA:18574 xref: FMA:256530 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png xref: MA:0001119 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Horn_of_the_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2667 xref: SCTID:180961004 xref: TAO:0000649 xref: VHOG:0001287 xref: ZFA:0000649 is_a: UBERON:0001948 ! regional part of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002257 name: ventral horn of spinal cord def: "the ventral grey column of the spinal cord[MP]. The neurons of the ventral region of the mature spinal cord participate in motor output[GO]." [GO:0021517, MP:0005112] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541] synonym: "anterior gray horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541] synonym: "anterior grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668] synonym: "spinal cord anterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668] synonym: "spinal cord ventral horn" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541] synonym: "ventral gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256541] synonym: "ventral grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral grey horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668] synonym: "ventral horn spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000702] synonym: "ventral horns spinal cord" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001288] synonym: "ventral region of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral spinal cord" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18575 xref: FMA:256541 xref: MA:0001134 xref: ncithesaurus:Ventral_Horn_of_the_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2668 xref: SCTID:279443000 xref: TAO:0000702 xref: VHOG:0001288 xref: ZFA:0000702 is_a: UBERON:0001948 ! regional part of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002258 name: dorsal funiculus def: "The portion of the medulla spinalis which lies between the posterolateral sulcus and the posterior median sulcus is named the posterior funiculus. This area includes the dorsal columns (also called the posterior columns) which contains the fasciculus gracilis and, higher in the body, the fasciculus cuneatus, which are separated by a partition of glial cells. Histologically, these two fasciculi are on other sides of the dorsal intermediate sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_funiculus] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77461] synonym: "funiculus dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000501] synonym: "funiculus posterior medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77461, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior funiculus" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior funiculus of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77461] xref: FMA:77461 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png xref: SCTID:362432005 xref: TAO:0000501 xref: ZFA:0000501 is_a: UBERON:0006127 ! funiculus of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002259 name: corpora quadrigemina def: "In the brain, the corpora quadrigemina (Latin for 'quadruplet bodies') are the four colliculi—two inferior, two superior—located on the tectum the dorsal aspect of the midbrain. The corpora quadrigemina are reflex centers involving vision and hearing. [WP,unvetted]. Two pairs of colliculi on the dorsal surface of the midbrain composed of white matter externally and gray matter within, the superior pair containing correlation centers for optic reflexes and the inferior pair containing correlation centers for auditory reflexes[BTO]." [BTO:0001710, Wikipedia:Corpora_quadrigemina] comment: editor note: this section needs worked on for pan-vertebrate consistency. for now we include a mammal specific definition, even though the child terms are applicable across vertebrates subset: uberon_slim synonym: "colliculi" EXACT [MP:0000899] synonym: "corpora quadrigemina" EXACT [] synonym: "set of colliculi" RELATED [FMA:242157] xref: BTO:0001710 xref: EV:0100244 xref: FMA:242157 xref: GAID:574 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray709.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gray709.png/200px-Gray709.png xref: MA:0002567 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659.237 xref: ncithesaurus:Corpora_Quadrigemina xref: SCTID:361579006 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006777 ! tectal plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0002260 name: ventral root of spinal cord def: "The efferent motor root of a spinal nerve. At its distal end, the ventral root joins with the dorsal root to form a mixed spinal nerve." [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] comment: FMA:77516 xref is a 'general anatomical term'. We xref both to ensure equivalence. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior nerve root" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "anterior root" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "anterior root of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5979] synonym: "motor root of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5979] synonym: "radix anterior (nervus spinalis)" RELATED [FMA:5979] synonym: "radix anterior nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "radix motoria (nervus spinalis)" RELATED [FMA:5979] synonym: "ventral root" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090209] synonym: "ventral root of spinal nerve" RELATED [FMA:5979] synonym: "ventral spinal nerve root" RELATED [FMA:5979] xref: FMA:5979 xref: FMA:77516 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Ventral_Nerve_Root xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090209 xref: TAO:0000705 xref: ZFA:0000705 is_a: UBERON:0009623 {source="FMA", different_relation_from="ZFA"} ! spinal nerve root [Term] id: UBERON:0002261 name: dorsal root of spinal cord def: "In anatomy and neurology, the dorsal root (or posterior root) is the afferent sensory root of a spinal nerve. At the distal end of the dorsal root is the dorsal root ganglion, which contains the neuron cell bodies of the nerve fibres conveyed by the root. If the dorsal root of a spinal nerve were severed it would lead to numbness in certain areas of the body. The lateral division of the dorsal root contains lightly myelinated and unmyelinated axons of small diameter. These transmit pain and temperature sensation from the body. These fibers cross through the anterior white commissure to form the Anterior lateral system in the lateral funiculus. The medial division of the dorsal root contains myelinated axons of larger diameter. These transmit information of discriminative touch, pressure, vibration, and conscious proprioception originating from spinal levels C2 through S5. These fibers are pushed in towards the posterior medial sulcus to form the fasciculus gracilis and the fasciculus cuneatus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] comment: FMA xref is 'general anatomical term'. We xref both to ensure equivalence. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal root" EXACT [ZFA:0000652] synonym: "dorsal root of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5980] synonym: "dorsal spinal nerve root" EXACT [FMA:5980] synonym: "posterior root of spinal nerve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "radix dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000652] synonym: "radix posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_root_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "radix posterior (nervus spinalis)" EXACT [FMA:5980] synonym: "radix sensoria (nervus spinalis)" EXACT [FMA:5980] synonym: "sensory root of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5980] xref: BTO:0000360 xref: FMA:5980 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Root_of_the_Spinal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090208 xref: SCTID:362436008 xref: TAO:0000652 xref: ZFA:0000652 is_a: UBERON:0009623 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve root [Term] id: UBERON:0002262 name: celiac ganglion def: "The celiac ganglia are two large irregularly shaped masses of nerve tissue in the upper abdomen. Part of the sympathetic subdivision of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), the two celiac ganglia are the largest ganglia in the ANS, and they innervate most of the digestive tract. They have the appearance of lymph glands and are placed on either side of the midline in front of the crura of the diaphragm, close to the suprarenal glands (also called adrenal glands). The ganglion on the right side is placed behind the inferior vena cava. They are sometimes referred to as the semilunar ganglia or the solar ganglia. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Celiac_ganglia] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coeliac ganglion" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000266 xref: EHDAA:8946 xref: EMAPA:19321 xref: FMA:77570 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray848.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gray848.png/200px-Gray848.png xref: MA:0001158 xref: ncithesaurus:Coeliac_Ganglion xref: SCTID:362492008 is_a: UBERON:0003964 ! prevertebral ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002263 name: lentiform nucleus def: "The lentiform nucleus or lenticular nucleus comprises the putamen and the globus pallidus within the basal ganglia. It is a large, cone-shaped mass of gray matter just lateral to the internal capsule. [WP,unvetted]. The part of the corpus striatum somewhat resembling a biconvex lens, divided into an external, larger, lateral part (putamen) and an internal, smaller, lighter colored medial part (globus pallidus), which is in turn subdivided into a smaller, medial, and a larger, lateral part by the medial medullary lamina[BTO]." [BTO:0002250, Wikipedia:Lentiform_nucleus] comment: AO notes: the EMAPA class is unclear. Editor notes: TODO - add parts subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lenticular nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002250] synonym: "nucleus lenticularis" EXACT [BTO:0002250] synonym: "nucleus lentiformis" EXACT [BTO:0002250] synonym: "nucleus lentiformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lentiform_nucleus] xref: BTO:0002250 xref: EMAPA:18208 xref: EMAPA:19147 xref: EV:0100186 xref: FMA:77615 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray741.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gray741.png/200px-Gray741.png xref: MA:0000896 xref: ncithesaurus:Lenticular_Nucleus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvyH2ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279319002 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_part UBERON:0001874 ! putamen relationship: has_part UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000369 ! corpus striatum relationship: part_of UBERON:0005403 ! ventral striatum [Term] id: UBERON:0002264 name: olfactory bulb def: "A bulbous anterior projection of the olfactory lobe that is the place of termination of the olfactory nerves and is especially well developed in lower vertebrates (as fishes)[BTO]. Segment of neural tree organ which is continuous with a set of olfactory nerves and an olfactory tract. In most vertebrates, the olfactory bulb is the most rostral (forward) part of the brain. In humans, however, the olfactory bulb is on the inferior (bottom) side of the brain. The olfactory bulb is supported and protected by the cribriform plate which in mammals, separates it from the olfactory epithelium, and which is perforated by olfactory nerve axons. The bulb is divided into two distinct structures, the main olfactory bulb, and the accessory olfactory bulb[WP]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb] comment: Note that in uberon 'main olfactory bulb' is a separate class, but some ontologies may treat this as partially synonymous. Development notes: the olfactory bulbs develop as bilateral evaginations from a region of the prosencephalic neural plate intercalated between the septal and the cortical anlagen (Cobos et al. 2001b, Rubenstein et al. 1998). Comparing the structure of the olfactory bulb among vertebrate species, such as the leopard frog and the lab mouse, reveals that they all share the same fundamental layout(WP). subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bulbus olfactorius" EXACT [Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb] synonym: "bulbus olfactorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb] synonym: "olfactory lobe" RELATED [ZFA:0000402] xref: AAO:0010165 xref: ABA:OLF xref: BM:Tel-OB xref: BTO:0000961 xref: EHDAA2:0001294 xref: EV:0100173 xref: FMA:77624 xref: GAID:633 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/1543\,Vesalius%27OlfactoryBulbs.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/1543%2CVesalius%27OlfactoryBulbs.jpg/200px-1543%2CVesalius%27OlfactoryBulbs.jpg xref: MA:0000194 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.699.573 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Bulb xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1137 xref: SCTID:279394006 xref: TAO:0000402 xref: VHOG:0000033 xref: XAO:0004180 xref: ZFA:0000402 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0005366 ! olfactory lobe property_value: external_definition "Part of the telencephalon comprised of anterior outgrowths of either of the cerebral hemispheres in which the olfactory nerve exits.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010165", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The part of the forebrain in which the olfactory nerves end and the olfactory tracts originate. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000033", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The presence of paired evaginated hemispheres and olfactory bulbs in both agnathan and gnathostome radiations suggests that such hemispheres were also present in the common ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000033", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.ne.04.030181.001505 Northcutt RG, Evolution of the telencephalon in nonmammals. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. (1981)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001950 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002421 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002265 name: olfactory tract def: "Tract of brain which is continuous with olfactory bulb and the cerebral cortex.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Olfactory_tract] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "olfactory peduncle" RELATED [BTO:0003647] synonym: "tractus olfactorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_tract] synonym: "tractus olfactorius" RELATED [BTO:0003647] xref: BTO:0003647 xref: FMA:77626 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: MA:0000975 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Tract xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1663 xref: SCTID:362356008 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002266 name: anterior olfactory nucleus def: "The anterior olfactory nucleus (AON; also called the anterior olfactory cortex) is a portion of the forebrain of vertebrates. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_olfactory_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior olfactory cortex" RELATED [BTO:0003649] synonym: "AON" RELATED [BTO:0003649] synonym: "nucleus olfactorius anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_olfactory_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus retrobulbaris [a8]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77628, FMA:TA] synonym: "retrobulbar nucleus [a8]" EXACT [] xref: ABA:AON xref: BM:Tel-OAN xref: BTO:0003649 xref: EV:0100174 xref: FMA:77628 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: MA:0000968 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Olfactory_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1085 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002267 name: laterodorsal tegmental nucleus def: "The laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (or lateroposterior tegmental nucleus) is a nucleus situated in the brainstem, spanning the midbrain tegmentum and the pontine tegmentum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Laterodorsal_tegmental_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateroposterior tegmental nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis posterolateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77654, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis posterolateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Laterodorsal_tegmental_nucleus] xref: ABA:LDT xref: BTO:0004016 xref: FMA:77654 xref: MA:0001016 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002268 name: olfactory organ comment: note - fma general anatomical term. xao has no subtypes (but Johnstons organ develops from this). An olfactory organ overlaps with the olfactory system, because some parts of the nose (e.g. nasal skeleton) are parts of the skeletal system, which is spatially disjoint subset: functional_classification synonym: "olfactory neuroepithelium" RELATED [BTO:0001772] synonym: "organ olfactus" RELATED [BTO:0001772] synonym: "organum olfactorium" RELATED [BTO:0001772] xref: AAO:0010180 xref: BTO:0001772 xref: FMA:77659 xref: VHOG:0000287 xref: XAO:0000273 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005725 ! olfactory system [Term] id: UBERON:0002269 name: pupillary membrane def: "The pupillary membrane in mammals exists in the fetus as a source of blood supply for the lens. It normally atrophies from the time of birth to the age of four to eight weeks." [Wikipedia:Persistent_pupillary_membrane] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:77663 xref: MA:0001293 is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001771 ! pupil [Term] id: UBERON:0002270 name: hyaloid artery def: "The hyaloid artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery, which is itself a branch of the internal carotid artery. It is contained within the optic stalk of the eye and extends from the optic disc through the vitreous humor to the lens. Usually fully regressed before birth, its purpose is to supply nutrient to the developing lens in the growing fetus. During the tenth week of development in humans (time varies depending on species), the lens grows independent of a blood supply and the hyaloid artery usually regresses. Its proximal portion remains as the central artery of the retina. Regression of the hyaloid artery leaves a clear central zone through the vitreous called the hyaloid canal or Cloquet's canal. Cloquet's canal is named after the man who first described it, French physician Jules Germain Cloquet (1790b1883). Occasionally the artery may not fully regress, resulting in the condition persistent hyaloid artery. More commonly, small remnants of the artery may remain. Free remnants can sometimes be seen as \"floaters\". An anterior remnant of the hyaloid artery can be seen in some people as Mittendorf's dot, a small pinpoint-like scar on the posterior surface of the lens. A posterior remnant may be seen where the artery left the optic disc, and is known as Bergmeister's papilla." [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery] comment: ZFA def is: Artery that is internal to the eye; this is more general than the human-centric definition here.. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteria hyaloidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery] synonym: "central artery of retina" RELATED [EMAPA:19242] synonym: "Cloquet's canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery] synonym: "Cloquets canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyaloid_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0004072 xref: EMAPA:19242 xref: FMA:77670 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg/200px-Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg.png xref: SCTID:308790003 xref: TAO:0005045 xref: VHOG:0001478 xref: XAO:0004155 xref: ZFA:0005045 is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="ZFA"} ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0003499 ! brain blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0003098 ! optic stalk relationship: part_of UBERON:0005492 {source="ZFA"} ! hyaloid vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0006010 ! hyaloid canal property_value: external_definition "Artery that is internal to the eye. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005045", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002271 name: periventricular zone of hypothalamus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hypothalamus periventricular zone" EXACT [] xref: ABA:PVZ xref: FMA:77682 xref: MA:0000846 xref: VHOG:0000623 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002272 name: medial zone of hypothalamus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hypothalamus medial zone" EXACT [] xref: ABA:MEZ xref: FMA:77683 xref: MA:0000837 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002273 name: lateral zone of hypothalamus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "hypothalamus lateral zone" EXACT [] xref: ABA:LZ xref: FMA:77684 xref: MA:0000833 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002274 name: perifornical nucleus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: FMA:77688 xref: MA:0000836 is_a: UBERON:0006568 ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002273 ! lateral zone of hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002275 name: reticular formation comment: note that this class denotes the generic structure, and not a specific one such as medullary or pontine reticular formation. subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:77719 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gray701.png/200px-Gray701.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.772 xref: SCTID:361552007 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002276 name: lamina of spiral limbus def: "The osseous spiral lamina consists of two plates of bone, and between these are the canals for the transmission of the filaments of the acoustic nerve. On the upper plate of that part of the lamina which is outside the vestibular membrane, the periosteum is thickened to form the limbus spiralis (or limbus laminæ spiralis), this ends externally in a concavity, the sulcus spiralis internus, which represents, on section, the form of the letter C. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Limbus_laminae_spiralis] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "limbus lamina spiralis" EXACT [MA:0001191] synonym: "limbus laminae spiralis" EXACT [FMA:77721] synonym: "spiral limbus" RELATED [] synonym: "spiral limbus lamina" EXACT [FMA:77721] synonym: "spiral limbus lamina" EXACT [] xref: FMA:77721 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray930.png/200px-Gray930.png xref: MA:0001191 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 {source="MA"} ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002277 name: spiral sulcus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "sulcus spiralis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:77744 xref: MA:0001195 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 {source="MA"} ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002278 name: perilymphatic space def: "The fluid-filled space separating the membranous from the osseous labyrinth." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "Retzius space" RELATED [] synonym: "spatium perilymphaticum" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0002083 xref: FMA:77745 xref: SCTID:362576001 xref: ZFA:0005459 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002279 name: vestibular aqueduct def: "At the hinder part of the medial wall of the vestibule is the orifice of the vestibular aqueduct, which extends to the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone. It transmits a small vein, and contains a tubular prolongation of the membranous labyrinth, the ductus endolymphaticus, which ends in a cul-de-sac between the layers of the dura mater within the cranial cavity. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_aqueduct] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "aqueductus vestibuli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibular_aqueduct] xref: FMA:77821 xref: GAID:885 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray921.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray921.png/200px-Gray921.png xref: MA:0001186 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.909.957 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005236 ! osseus labyrinth vestibule [Term] id: UBERON:0002280 name: otolith def: "Acellular structure composed of calcium carbonate located in the otolith organ." [Wikipedia:Otolith, ZFIN:curator] comment: Currently represented as part of the otolith membrane, but they may also be considered to be embedded in this membrane subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "immature otolith" RELATED [] synonym: "immature otoliths" RELATED [] synonym: "otoconia" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "otoconium" EXACT [] synonym: "otoliths" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "statoconium" EXACT [] synonym: "statolith" RELATED [] xref: ANISEED:777311 xref: ANISEED:874485 xref: FMA:77826 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg/200px-Bigotolith.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Otolith xref: TAO:0001621 xref: ZFA:0001617 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002519 {source="Wikipedia"} ! otolithic membrane property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from immature otolith (TAO:0000139)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001621", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of organism substance composed of calcium carbonate located in the otolith organ.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001621", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002281 name: vestibular membrane of cochlear duct def: "a membrane inside the cochlea of the inner ear. It separates scala media from scala vestibuli. Together with the basilar membrane it creates a compartment in the cochlea filled with endolymph, which is important for the function of the organ of Corti. It primarily functions as a diffusion barrier, allowing nutrients to travel from the perilymph to the endolymph of the membranous labyrinth. Histologically, the membrane is composed of two layers of flattened epithelium, separated by a basal lamina. Its structure suggests that its function is transport of fluid and electrolytes." [Wikipedia:Reissner's_membrane] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "membrana vestibularis ductus cochlearis" EXACT [MP:0006021] synonym: "paries vestibularis ductus cochlearis" EXACT [MP:0006021] synonym: "Reissner's membrane" EXACT [FMA:77829] synonym: "superior wall of cochlear duct" EXACT [FMA:77829] synonym: "vestibular membrane" EXACT [MA:0001200] synonym: "vestibular membrane" RELATED [MP:0006021] synonym: "vestibular membrane of Reissner" EXACT [FMA:77829] synonym: "vestibular wall of cochlear duct" EXACT [MP:0006021] xref: FMA:77829 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cochlea-crosssection.png/250px-Cochlea-crosssection.png xref: MA:0001200 xref: SCTID:362575002 is_a: UBERON:0000094 ! membrane organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006585 ! vestibular organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001863 ! scala vestibuli relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002295 ! scala media relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002282 name: stria vascularis of cochlear duct def: "The upper portion of the spiral ligament contains numerous capillary loops and small blood vessels, and is termed the stria vascularis. It produces endolymph for the scala media, one of the three fluid-filled compartments of the cochlea. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Stria_vascularis] comment: AO notes: represented as a wall in FMA. MESH def implies part of spiral ligament but better represented as adjacency / overlaps subset: uberon_slim synonym: "psalterial cord" EXACT [MP:0000048] synonym: "stria vascularis" EXACT [] synonym: "stria vascularis ductus cochlearis" RELATED LATIN [BTO:0001819] synonym: "stria vascularis of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:77832] synonym: "vascular stria of cochlear duct" RELATED [BTO:0001819] synonym: "vascular stripe of cochlear duct" EXACT [MP:0000048] xref: BTO:0001819 xref: EFO:0001644 xref: FMA:77832 xref: GAID:875 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cochlea-crosssection.png/200px-Cochlea-crosssection.png xref: MA:0001198 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.246.292.876 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2525 xref: SCTID:279842002 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="NBK53175", notes="pigment cells"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002283 name: nail matrix def: "Portion of tissue (or germinal matrix) upon which the nail rests, the part of the nail bed that extends beneath the nail root and contains nerves, lymph and blood vessels. The matrix is responsible for the production of the cells that become the nail plate. The width and thickness of the nail plate is determined by the size, length, and thickness of the matrix, while the shape of the fingertip itself determines if the nail plate is flat, arched, or hooked. The matrix will continue to grow as long as it receives nutrition and remains in a healthy condition. As new nail plate cells are incubated, they emerge from the matrix round and white to push older nail plate cells forward; and in this way yet older cells become compressed, flat, and translucent, making the pink colour of the capillaries in the nail bed below visible[WP]." [UBERON:cjm] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "keratogenous membrane" EXACT [Wikipedia:Nail_(anatomy)#Parts_of_the_nail] synonym: "matrix unguis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Nail_(anatomy)#Parts_of_the_nail] synonym: "onychostroma" EXACT [Wikipedia:Nail_(anatomy)#Parts_of_the_nail] xref: FMA:77856 xref: MA:0002707 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 ! nail [Term] id: UBERON:0002284 name: hyponychium def: "Epithelium located beneath the nail plate at the junction between the free edge and the skin of the fingertip. It forms a seal that protects the nail bed." [Wikipedia:Hyponychium] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:77860 xref: MA:0002705 xref: SCTID:300918002 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001705 ! nail relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body [Term] id: UBERON:0002285 name: lateral ventricle def: "The two lateral ventricles are a cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube. They are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle[GO]. The lateral ventricles are part of the ventricular system of the brain. Classified as part of the telencephalon, they are the largest of the ventricles. The lateral ventricles connect to the central third ventricle through the interventricular foramina of Monro[WP]." [GO:0021670, Wikipedia:Lateral_ventricle] comment: Paired structure subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral ventricle of brain" RELATED [BTO:0000879] synonym: "telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [VHOG:0000643, ZFA:0000696] synonym: "telencephalon lateral ventricle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001984] xref: BM:Tel-LV xref: BTO:0000879 xref: EFO:0001961 xref: EHDAA2:0001984 xref: EHDAA:3502 xref: EHDAA:6576 xref: EV:0100307 xref: FMA:78448 xref: GAID:611 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png xref: MA:0000192 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.276.650 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Ventricle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1263 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvYsFdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180930008 xref: TAO:0000696 xref: VHOG:0000643 xref: ZFA:0000696 is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000643", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002286 name: third ventricle def: "Part of the ventricular system of the brain, forming a single large cavity in the midline of the diencephalon; it is continuous with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramen and the fourth ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct (Maryann Martone). A narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami. Its floor is formed by the HYPOTHALAMUS, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by EPENDYMA. It communicates with the FOURTH VENTRICLE by the CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT, and with the LATERAL VENTRICLES by the interventricular foramina[GAID]." [GAID:614, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_714, Wikipedia:Third_ventricle] comment: Singular structure subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "3rd ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "diencephalic ventricle" RELATED [] synonym: "diencephalic vesicle" RELATED [] synonym: "ventriculus diencephali" EXACT [ZFA:0000161] synonym: "ventriculus tertius cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Third_ventricle] xref: BM:Die-3V xref: EHDAA2:0000084 xref: EMAPA:16515 xref: EMAPA:16642 xref: EMAPA:16900 xref: EV:0100308 xref: FMA:78454 xref: GAID:614 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png xref: MA:0000182 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.276.840 xref: ncithesaurus:Third_Ventricle_of_Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_714 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvakhcJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180931007 xref: TAO:0000161 xref: VHOG:0000007 xref: ZFA:0000161 is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from forebrain ventricle (TAO:0001259)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000161", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Fluid-filled brain cavity. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000161", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000007", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002287 name: optic recess of third ventricle def: "At the junction of the floor and anterior wall of the third ventricle, immediately above the optic chiasma, the ventricle presents a small angular recess or diverticulum, the optic recess (or supraoptic recess). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Optic_recess] comment: TODO - check taxonomic grouping subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "optic recess" EXACT [] synonym: "optic recesses" RELATED [VHOG:0000595] synonym: "preoptic recess" EXACT [] synonym: "recessus supraopticus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78455, FMA:TA] synonym: "recessus supraopticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_recess] synonym: "supraoptic recess" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001317 xref: EHDAA:1343 xref: EHDAA:1973 xref: EHDAA:2649 xref: EHDAA:3478 xref: EMAPA:16644 xref: EMAPA:16902 xref: FMA:78455 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray721.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray721.png/200px-Gray721.png xref: SCTID:369279008 xref: TAO:0000049 xref: VHOG:0000595 xref: ZFA:0000049 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle property_value: external_definition "The optic recess of the third ventricle, i.e. the pouch of the ventricle penetrating into the interval between the initial optic tracts. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000595", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002288 name: choroid plexus of third ventricle def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a third ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "3rd ventricle choroid plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of third ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "choroid plexus third ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001444] synonym: "diencephalic choroid plexus " EXACT [ZFA:0001444] synonym: "third ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle choroid plexus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:78462 xref: MA:0000879 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Third_Ventricle xref: SCTID:61576002 xref: TAO:0001444 xref: VHOG:0001374 xref: ZFA:0001444 is_a: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 intersection_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0002289 name: cerebral aqueduct alt_id: UBERON:0005684 def: "The mesencephalic duct, also known as the aqueductus mesencephali, aqueduct of Sylvius or the cerebral aqueduct, contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), is within the mesencephalon (or midbrain) and connects the third ventricle in the diencephalon to the fourth ventricle, which is between the pons and cerebellum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_aqueduct] comment: AO notes: Two distinct classes in ncit subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "aqueduct (sylvius)" EXACT [] synonym: "aqueduct of midbrain" EXACT [] synonym: "aqueduct of sylvius" EXACT [] synonym: "aqueductus mesencephali" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78467, FMA:TA] synonym: "aqueductus mesencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_aqueduct] synonym: "cerebral aquaduct" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] synonym: "cerebral aqueduct of sylvius" EXACT [] synonym: "medial tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] synonym: "mesencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] synonym: "mesencephalic vesicle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] synonym: "midbrain cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001163] synonym: "midbrain ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] synonym: "tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0000159] xref: BM:MB-AQ xref: EFO:0003501 xref: EHDAA2:0001163 xref: EHDAA:3696 xref: EMAPA:17795 xref: EV:0100309 xref: FMA:78467 xref: GAID:583 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0000208 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659.822.187 xref: ncithesaurus:Aqueduct_of_Sylvius xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Aqueduct xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1261 xref: SCTID:279249003 xref: TAO:0000159 xref: VHOG:0000832 xref: ZFA:0000159 is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000832", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002290 name: choroid plexus of fourth ventricle def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a fourth ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "4th ventricle choroid plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of fourth ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "choroid plexus fourth ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001446] synonym: "fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle choroid plexus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:78492 xref: MA:0000983 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Fourth_Ventricle xref: SCTID:42214001 xref: TAO:0001446 xref: VHOG:0001375 xref: ZFA:0001446 is_a: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 intersection_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0002291 name: central canal alt_id: UBERON:0002220 def: "Spinal cord structure that is part of the ventricular system and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid and runs the length of the spinal cord." [ZFIN:curator] comment: previously mapped to FMA:75364. Note some ontologies (NIF, SNOMED) subdivide this into lumbar, thoracic, etc. Note we follow FMA in distinguishing between the canal and the lumen subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "canalis centralis" EXACT [ZFA:0000938] synonym: "central canal of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "neural lumen" RELATED [] synonym: "spinal cord central canal" EXACT [] synonym: "ventricle of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:78497] xref: EHDAA2:0004361 xref: FMA:78497 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Section_-_English.svg.png xref: MA:0001117 xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Canal xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1409 xref: SCTID:279447004 xref: TAO:0000938 xref: ZFA:0000938 is_a: UBERON:0004111 {source="cjm"} ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube relationship: has_part UBERON:0001359 ! cerebrospinal fluid relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 {source="MA"} ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 {source="FMA"} ! ventricular system of central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002292 name: costovertebral joint def: "The costovertebral joints are the articulations that connect the heads of the ribs with the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae. Joining of ribs to the vertebrae occurs at two places, the head and the tubercle of the rib. Two convex facets from the head attach to two adjacent vertebrae. This forms a trochoid joint, which is strengthened by the ligament of the head and the intercapital ligament. Articulation of the tubercle is to the transverse process of the adjacent vertebrae. This articulation is reinforced by the dorsal costotransverse ligament. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Costovertebral_joint] comment: AO notes: FMA has both this and joint of head of rib subset: uberon_slim synonym: "costal head joint" RELATED [FMA:7951] synonym: "costocorporeal joint" RELATED [FMA:7951] synonym: "costovertebral synovial joint" EXACT [FMA:10382] synonym: "joint of costal head" RELATED [FMA:7951] synonym: "joint of head of rib" RELATED [FMA:7951] xref: EMAPA:19020 xref: EMAPA:19208 xref: FMA:10382 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Gray312.png/200px-Gray312.png xref: MA:0001510 xref: ncithesaurus:Costovertebral_Joint xref: SCTID:263315000 is_a: UBERON:0002001 {source="MA"} ! joint of rib is_a: UBERON:0002217 {source="FMA"} ! synovial joint relationship: connects UBERON:0002230 relationship: connects UBERON:0002347 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002230 ! head of rib intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: connects UBERON:0002230 ! head of rib relationship: connects UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0002293 name: costochondral joint def: "A bars of hyaline cartilage located between the distal part of a rib and a costal cartilage, connecting the ribs to the sternum ." [HP:0000920, Wikipedia:Costochondral_joint] comment: Taxon notes: In humans, Joints between costal cartilages of ribs 6-9 are plane synovial joints. Articulation between costal cartilage of rib 9 and rib 10 is fibrous subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio costochondralis" EXACT [FMA:7956, FMA:TA] synonym: "articulationes costochondrales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costochondral_joint] synonym: "chondrocostal synchondrosis" EXACT [FMA:7956] synonym: "costochondral junction" EXACT [FMA:7956, HP:0000920] synonym: "costochondral synchondrosis" EXACT [FMA:7956] xref: FMA:7956 xref: MA:0001509 xref: ncithesaurus:Costochondral_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvfy27JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:282413008 is_a: UBERON:0002001 {source="MA"} ! joint of rib is_a: UBERON:0002215 {source="FMA"} ! synchondrosis relationship: connects UBERON:0002236 ! costal cartilage relationship: connects UBERON:0010424 ! distal segment of rib [Term] id: UBERON:0002294 name: biliary system def: "Anatomical system that consists of the organs and ducts (bile ducts, gallbladder, and associated structures) that are involved in the production and transportation of bile." [Wikipedia:Biliary_system] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "biliary apparatus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:79646 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png/200px-Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png xref: SCTID:361354009 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system [Term] id: UBERON:0002295 name: scala media def: "An endolymph filled cavity inside the cochlea, located in between the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli, separated by the basilar membrane and Reissner's membrane (the vestibular membrane) respectively. Scala media houses the organ of Corti. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scala_media] comment: TODO: check cochlear duct vs cochlear aqueduct vs scala media subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cochlear duct" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000262 xref: FMA:79789 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gray928.png/200px-Gray928.png xref: MA:0002458 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea [Term] id: UBERON:0002296 name: dorsal mesentery def: "The mesentery that originates from the dorsal side of the peritoneal cavity[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_mesentery, Wikipedia:Mesentery#Development, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal mesogastrium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_mesentery] synonym: "mesenterium dorsale commune" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_mesentery] xref: EHDAA2:0004560 xref: EHDAA:3019 xref: EHDAA:3033 xref: EHDAA:3921 xref: EHDAA:3934 xref: EHDAA:3957 xref: EHDAA:3971 xref: FMA:79795 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Gray985.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Gray985.png/200px-Gray985.png xref: SCTID:308823000 xref: TAO:0005130 xref: ZFA:0005130 is_a: UBERON:0002050 {source="FMA"} ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0009664 {source="EHDAA2"} ! gut mesentery property_value: external_definition "The mesentery that originates from the dorsal side of the peritoneal cavity.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005130", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002297 name: cerumen def: "." [Wikipedia:Cerumen] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ear wax" EXACT [] xref: ENVO:02000028 xref: FMA:79869 xref: GAID:1158 xref: MA:0002506 xref: MESH:A.12.200.147 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerumen is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion [Term] id: UBERON:0002298 name: brainstem def: "Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain[ZFA,adopted]." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Brainstem, ZFA:0001707] comment: 'brainstem' is a loose term that sometimes refers to the ventral parts o the brain except for any part of the telencephalon - sometimes it includes the diencephalon or subpallial telencephalon structures (ISBN10:0471888893). Here we use it in a more restriced sense, to include only the medulla oblongata, pons (when present) and the midbrain tegmentum (following the ZFA definitions). subset: loose_concept subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "brain stem" EXACT [ABA:BS] synonym: "truncus encephali" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Brainstem] synonym: "truncus encephalicus" RELATED [BTO:0000146] xref: ABA:BS xref: BTO:0000146 xref: EFO:0001962 xref: EV:0100241 xref: FMA:79876 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray719.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray719.png/200px-Gray719.png xref: MA:0000169 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Stem xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1565 xref: SCTID:180925009 xref: TAO:0002156 xref: VHOG:0001457 xref: ZFA:0001707 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: has_part UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: has_part UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure that has as its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002156", ontology="TAO", source="ISBN:3764351209"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001890 {notes="we apply a strict definition"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002037 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002314 {notes="we apply a strict definition"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002299 name: alveolus of lung def: "Spherical outcropping of the respiratory bronchioles and primary site of gas exchange with the blood. Alveoli are particular to mammalian lungs. Different structures are involved in gas exchange in other vertebrates[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_alveolus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "alveoli" RELATED PLURAL [BTO:0000060] synonym: "alveolus" BROAD [] synonym: "alveolus pulmonis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_alveolus] synonym: "alveolus pulmonis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pulmonary_alveolus] synonym: "lung alveolus" EXACT [] synonym: "pulmonary alveolus" EXACT [FMA:7318] xref: BTO:0000060 xref: EFO:0001985 xref: EV:0100043 xref: FMA:7318 xref: GAID:349 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Alveolus_diagram.svg xref: MA:0000420 xref: MESH:A.04.411.715 xref: SCTID:361364000 xref: VHOG:0001445 is_a: UBERON:0003215 ! alveolus is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 intersection_of: UBERON:0003215 ! alveolus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002169 {source="FMA"} ! alveolar sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 {source="MA"} ! alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0002300 name: obsolete ventricle def: "A chamber of an organ with cavitated organ parts. Examples: right ventricle of heart, lateral ventricle of brain." [Wikipedia:Ventricle_of_the_larynx] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0002301 name: layer of neocortex comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "cerebral cortex layer" RELATED [MA:0000186] synonym: "cortical layer" EXACT [] synonym: "neocortex layer" EXACT [] xref: ABA:CTX1-6b xref: FMA:83138 xref: MA:0000186 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002302 name: myocardium of atrium def: "A myocardium that is part of a cardiac atrium [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "atrial myocardium" EXACT [] synonym: "atrium cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0000602] synonym: "atrium myocardium" EXACT [] synonym: "atrium of heart cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "atrium of heart heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "atrium of heart heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "atrium of heart muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "atrium of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Cardiac atria cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Cardiac atria heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Cardiac atria heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Cardiac atria muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Cardiac atria myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac atrium heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac atrium heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac atrium muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac atrium myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart atrium heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart atrium heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart atrium muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart atrium myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium of atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium of Cardiac atria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium of cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium of heart atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0003087 xref: FMA:83509 xref: MA:0000081 xref: SCTID:191910002 xref: TAO:0001374 xref: VHOG:0000602 xref: ZFA:0001374 is_a: UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 intersection_of: UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium property_value: homology_notes "As noted, the hearts of birds and mammals have four chambers that arises from the two chambers (atrium and ventricle) of the fish heart.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000602", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.481", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002303 name: juxtaglomerular apparatus def: "An anatomical structure which consists of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells and the macula densa. The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate[GO]. a microscopic structure in the kidney, which regulates the function of each nephron. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is named for its proximity to the glomerulus: it is found between the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle and the returning distal convoluted tubule of the same nephron. This location is critical to its function in regulating renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. The three cellular components of the apparatus are the macula densa, extraglomerular mesangial cells, and juxtaglomerular cells (also known as granular cells)[WP]." [GO:0072206, Wikipedia:Juxtaglomerular_apparatus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "complexus juxtaglomerularis" RELATED LATIN [] synonym: "juxtaglomerular complex" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:30449 xref: FMA:83599 xref: GAID:432 xref: MA:0002546 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.736.520.520 xref: ncithesaurus:Juxtaglomerular_Apparatus xref: SCTID:362219002 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0002304 name: layer of dentate gyrus comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "dentate gyrus layer" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83678 xref: MA:0002429 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001885 ! dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation [Term] id: UBERON:0002305 name: layer of hippocampus def: "the layers of the laminar structure of the hippocampus." [MP:0000813, Wikipedia:Hippocampus_anatomy#Hippocampal_Cells_and_Layers] comment: TODO - check NIF xref synonym: "cytoarchitectural fields of hippocampal formation" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1192] synonym: "hippocampus layer" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83679 xref: MA:0002427 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1192 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 ! Ammon's horn [Term] id: UBERON:0002306 name: nasal mucus def: "In the respiratory system mucus aids in the protection of the lungs by trapping foreign particles that enter it, particularly through the nose, during normal breathing. Phlegm is a specialized term for mucus that is restricted to the respiratory tract, while the term mucus more globally describes secretions of the nasal passages as well." [Wikipedia:Nasal_mucus#Respiratory_system] comment: TODO - split nasal vs respiratory tract? subset: uberon_slim synonym: "respiratory mucus" EXACT [BTO:0003603] xref: BTO:0003603 xref: FMA:83688 xref: MA:0002535 xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Mucus is_a: UBERON:0000912 ! mucus relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0002307 name: choroid plexus of lateral ventricle def: "A choroid plexus that is part of a lateral ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of lateral ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "choroid plexus telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001447] synonym: "lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle choroid plexus" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0004449 xref: FMA:83711 xref: MA:0000961 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle xref: SCTID:70064002 xref: TAO:0001447 xref: VHOG:0001376 xref: ZFA:0001447 is_a: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 intersection_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0002308 name: nucleus of brain def: "Nucleus of neuraxis which is located within the brain. Example: pontobulbar nucleus, globose nucleus[FMA]. brain structure consisting of a relatively compact cluster of neurons. It is one of the two most common forms of nerve cell organization, the other being layered structures such as the cerebral cortex or cerebellar cortex. In anatomical sections, a nucleus shows up as a region of gray matter, often bordered by white matter. The vertebrate brain contains hundreds of distinguishable nuclei, varying widely in shape and size. A nucleus may itself have a complex internal structure, with multiple types of neurons arranged in clumps (subnuclei) or layers.[Wikipedia]" [FMA:83840, Wikipedia:Nucleus_(neuroanatomy)] comment: We considered merging with 'neural nucleus' synonym: "brain nucleus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83840 xref: MA:0000811 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Nucleus xref: SCTID:426465002 xref: ZFA:0005575 is_a: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002309 name: medial longitudinal fasciculus def: "The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a pair of crossed fiber tracts, one on each side of the brainstem. These bundles of axons are situated near the midline of the brainstem and are composed of both ascending and descending fibers that arise from a number of sources and terminate in different areas. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_longitudinal_fasciculus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_longitudinal_fasciculus] synonym: "MLF" RELATED [ZFA:0000543] xref: BTO:0003951 xref: FMA:83846 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray711.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gray711.png/200px-Gray711.png xref: SCTID:362397001 xref: TAO:0000543 xref: ZFA:0000543 is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002310 name: hippocampus fimbria def: "A prominent band of white matter along the medial edge of the hippocampus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fimbria_of_hippocampus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "fimbria" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1502] synonym: "fimbria hippocampi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fimbria_of_hippocampus] synonym: "fimbria hippocampus" EXACT [] synonym: "fimbria of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:83866] synonym: "fimbria of the fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1502] synonym: "fimbria-fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1502] synonym: "hippocampal fimbria" EXACT [MP:0009324] synonym: "neuraxis fimbria" EXACT [] xref: BM:Tel-FI xref: FMA:83866 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Gray749.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray749.png/200px-Gray749.png xref: MA:0000949 xref: ncithesaurus:Fimbria xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1502 xref: SCTID:369096000 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 {source="MA"} ! Ammon's horn [Term] id: UBERON:0002311 name: obsolete nodulus of cerebellum is_obsolete: true replaced_by: UBERON:0004083 [Term] id: UBERON:0002313 name: hippocampus pyramidal layer alt_id: UBERON:0005369 def: "A cytoarchitectural term denoting the layer of the hippocampus in which pyramidal cells are predominant. Its location is superficial to the Stratum oriens; it is deep to the Stratum radiatum in area CA1 and area CA2 and deep to the Stratum lucidum in area CA3 (Stephan-75) (NeuroNames)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1444] synonym: "hippocampus stratum pyramidale" RELATED [] synonym: "pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1444] synonym: "pyramidal layer of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:83895] synonym: "stratum pyramidale" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1444] synonym: "stratum pyramidale hippocampi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1444] xref: BTO:0001066 xref: FMA:83895 xref: MA:0000956 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1444 is_a: UBERON:0002305 ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0002314 name: midbrain tectum def: "Dorsal part of the midbrain, consisting of the superior and inferior colliculi and the pretectal nuclei [MM, NIF]. The tectum is a region of the brain, specifically the dorsal part of the mesencephalon (midbrain). This is contrasted with the tegmentum, which refers to the region ventral to the ventricular system. It is derived in embryonic development from the alar plate of the neural tube. [WP,unvetted]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1032, Wikipedia:Midbrain_tectum] comment: In adult humans it is present only in the mesencephalon as the inferior and the superior colliculi[WP]. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "mesencephalic tectum" EXACT [ZFA:0000445] synonym: "neuraxis tectum" EXACT [] synonym: "t. mesencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Midbrain_tectum] synonym: "tectum" EXACT [] synonym: "tectum mesencephali" EXACT [BTO:0001793] xref: BM:MB-Tec xref: BTO:0001793 xref: EFO:0000920 xref: EHDAA2:0004474 xref: EMAPA:19051 xref: FMA:83902 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray685.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gray685.png/200px-Gray685.png xref: MA:0000211 xref: MAT:0000451 xref: ncithesaurus:Tectum_Mesencephali xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1032 xref: SCTID:362394008 xref: TAO:0001353 xref: VHOG:0001388 is_a: UBERON:0002950 ! regional part of midbrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005882 ! alar plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: homology_notes "The tectum - a multisensory, topologically mapped structure in the roof of the midbrain presents a remarkable degree of conservation in all vertebrate radiations; although it varies in the extent of its development in different vertebrate classes, there is considerable evidence now to deem its layered structure, its cell types, and its hodological pattern as homologous in all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001388", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0003582 Maximino C, Evolutionary Changes in the Complexity of the Tectum of Nontetrapods: A Cladistic Approach. PLoS ONE (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002315 name: gray matter of spinal cord def: "the ridge-shaped grey matter of the spinal cord that extends longitudunally through the center of each half of the spinal cord, and are largely or entirely composed of nerve cell bodies and their dendrites and some supportive tissue." [MP:0008503] synonym: "gray matter of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gray substance of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256580] synonym: "grey matter of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "grey substance of spinal cord" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord gray matter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord gray matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord grey matter" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord grey substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:256580 xref: MA:0000002 xref: ncithesaurus:Gray_Matter_of_the_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100204 xref: SCTID:279441003 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002316 name: white matter def: "Heterogeneous cluster of neurites in the brain and the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:White_matter] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cns tracts and commissures" RELATED [TAO:0000145] synonym: "cns white matter" RELATED [TAO:0002143] synonym: "substantia alba" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:White_matter] synonym: "white mater" RELATED [VHOG:0001764] synonym: "white matter of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83929] synonym: "white substance" EXACT [] xref: AEO:0000139 xref: FMA:83929 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Grey_matter_and_white_matter_-_very_high_mag.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg/200px-Spinal_nerve.svg.png xref: MA:0001135 xref: ncithesaurus:White_Matter xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:Class_2 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOAsDZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0000145 xref: TAO:0002142 xref: TAO:0002143 xref: VHOG:0001764 xref: ZFA:0001682 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure comprised largely of myelinated axons.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002142", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The myelination of axons by glial cells was the last major step in the evolution of cells in the vertebrate nervous system, and white-matter tracts are key to the architecture of the mammalian brain.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001764", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nature09614 Nave KA, Myelination and support of axonal integrity by glia. Nature (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002317 name: white matter of cerebellum comment: note that in NIF this is a composite structure; in MA and FMA it is explicitly part of cerebellum. This leads to consistency problems with strict parcellation schemes like ABA, see cerebellar peduncles. In NIF this is a composite structure, this is followed partially here in weakening the relationship to overlaps subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebellar white matter" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum white matter" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83943 xref: MA:0002430 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellum_White_Matter xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1562 xref: SCTID:362412009 xref: TAO:0002183 xref: ZFA:0001708 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002037 {source="FMA-weakened", source="MA-weakened"} ! cerebellum property_value: external_definition "CNS white matter that is part of the cerebellum.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002183", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002318 name: white matter of spinal cord def: "the regions of the spinal cord that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites." [MP:0008027] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "spinal cord white matter" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal cord white matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord white substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "white matter of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "white substance of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:83945 xref: MA:0000910 xref: ncithesaurus:White_Matter_of_the_Spinal_Cord xref: SCTID:279436006 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0002319 name: mesangium def: "inner layer of the glomerulus, within the basement membrane surrounding the glomerular capillaries." [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=76834&atid=974957, Wikipedia:Mesangium] comment: WP considers this the same as glomerular mesangium. In MA, glomerular and extraglomerular are distingsuished. subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0002494 xref: EMAPA:28248 xref: FMA:84139 xref: MA:0002617 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.736.520.380 xref: ncithesaurus:Mesangium is_a: UBERON:0003567 ! abdomen connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0005215 ! kidney interstitium [Term] id: UBERON:0002320 name: glomerular mesangium def: "A thin membrane which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus. It is connective tissue composed of mesangial cells - myofibroblasts phenotypically related to vascular smooth muscle cells (MUSCLE, SMOOTH, VASCULAR), PHAGOCYTES and the mesangial EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX." [MESH:A.05.810.453.736.520.380, Wikipedia:Glomerular_mesangium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:27961 xref: EMAPA:28248 xref: FMA:84140 xref: GAID:430 xref: MA:0002606 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.736.520.380 xref: SCTID:244574009 is_a: UBERON:0003567 ! abdomen connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002319 ! mesangium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004190 {source="GO"} ! glomerulus vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0002321 name: extraglomerular mesangium comment: editor note - check MA part_ofs - should be spatially disjoint from renal glomerulus? xref: EMAPA:28278 xref: FMA:84141 xref: MA:0002602 is_a: UBERON:0003567 ! abdomen connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 {source="MA"} ! renal corpuscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002303 {source="MA"} ! juxtaglomerular apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002319 {source="MA"} ! mesangium [Term] id: UBERON:0002322 name: periventricular nucleus def: "." [Wikipedia:Periventricular_nucleus] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ventral zone of periventricular hypothalamus" EXACT [ZFA:0000260] xref: FMA:84354 xref: TAO:0000260 xref: ZFA:0000260 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002323 name: coelemic cavity lumen alt_id: UBERON:0000169 def: "The cavity within the body of all animals higher than the coelenterates and certain primitive worms, formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm into two layers. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities." [BTO:0001707] comment: Taxon notes: In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities. editor note: check the FMA placement here subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "celom" RELATED [BTO:0001707] synonym: "coelom" RELATED [] synonym: "coelome" RELATED [BTO:0001707] synonym: "coelomic cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000267] synonym: "coelomic cavity" EXACT [] synonym: "coelomic cavity lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000267] synonym: "hemocoel" RELATED [FBbt:00005060] synonym: "space of body compartment" EXACT [FMA:85006] synonym: "ventral body cavity" NARROW [] xref: AEO:0000186 xref: BTO:0001707 xref: EHDAA2:0000267 xref: FBbt:00005060 xref: FMA:85006 xref: galen:BodyCavity xref: MA:0002447 xref: ncithesaurus:Cavity xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003186 xref: SCTID:361348008 xref: TAO:0001438 xref: ZFA:0001438 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity is_a: UBERON:0004458 {notes="pre-inferred via union_of"} ! body cavity or lining relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003886 {evidence="definitional"} ! body cavity precursor property_value: external_definition "Anatomical space, part of the trunk that contains the pericardial and pleuroperitoneal cavities[ZFA]." xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-12", external_class="ZFA:0001438", ontology="ZFA", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The cavity within the body of all animals higher than the coelenterates and certain primitive worms, formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm into two layers. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities[BTO]." xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-12", external_class="BTO:0001707", ontology="BTO", source="BTO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002324 name: muscle of back def: "A muscle organ that is part of a back [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "back muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "back muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:85216 xref: MA:0000496 is_a: UBERON:0001774 ! muscle of trunk is_a: UBERON:0005174 ! back organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum [Term] id: UBERON:0002325 name: epithelium of urethra def: "The urethra is a renal system organ that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body. The epithelium is the tubular, planar layer of cells through which the urine passes.." [GO:0061071] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "epithelial tissue of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethra epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethra epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "urethral epithelium" RELATED [] xref: FMA:85275 xref: MA:0001686 xref: ncithesaurus:Urethra_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="GO"} ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0002326 name: lamina propria of urethra def: "A lamina propria that is part of a urethra [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethra lamina propria" EXACT [] synonym: "urethra lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethra lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethral lamina propria" RELATED [] xref: FMA:85276 xref: MA:0001689 is_a: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0002327 name: trunk of intercostal nerve comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "intercostal nerve trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "intercostal neural trunk" EXACT [] xref: FMA:85315 xref: MA:0001176 is_a: UBERON:0001147 ! trunk of peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002328 name: notochord def: "a flexible rod-shaped body found in embryos of all chordates. It is composed of cells derived from the mesoderm and defines the primitive axis of the embryo. In some chordates, it persists throughout life as the main axial support of the body, while in most vertebrates it becomes the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. The notochord is found ventral to the neural tube." [http://tolweb.org/Chordata/2499, https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/25, ISBN:0815318960, Wikipedia:Notochord] comment: Development notes: In between vertebra the notochord becomes the nucleus pulposus, under it degenerates, and at anterior end in some species its tissue merges with some of the cranial bones.. Some organisms retain a post-embryonic notochord. // The notochord appears early in embryogeny and plays an important role in promoting or organizing the embryonic development of nearby structures. In most adult chordates the notochord disappears or becomes highly modified. In some non-vertebrate chordates and fishes the notochord persists as a laterally flexible but incompressible skeletal rod that prevents telescopic collapse of the body during swimming[TOLWEB] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "embryonic notocord" EXACT [] synonym: "notochorda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Notochord] synonym: "notocord" EXACT [ZFA:0000135] xref: AAO:0000327 xref: BTO:0001768 xref: EHDAA2:0001277 xref: EHDAA:1241 xref: EHDAA:6021 xref: EMAPA:16191 xref: EV:0100002 xref: FMA:85521 xref: GAID:1311 xref: http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/images/history/notochords.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png xref: MAT:0000281 xref: MESH:A.16.254.610 xref: ncithesaurus:Notochord xref: SCTID:308820002 xref: TAO:0000135 xref: VHOG:0000199 xref: VSAO:0000032 xref: XAO:0000055 xref: ZFA:0000135 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="VSAO"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004880 {source="ZFA"} ! chordamesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006267 {source="EHDAA2"} ! notochordal plate relationship: dorsal_to UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:40674"} ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0011137 ! axial skeletal system relationship: ventral_to UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from mesoderm (AAO:0000304) CHANGED TO: develops_from mesoderm (UBERON:0000926)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000327", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Avascular multi-tissue structure composed of large vacuolated epithelial cells (chordablasts) and perichordal fibrous tissue.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000032", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: external_definition "Rod-like principal supportive element of the embryo and larva, present in the midline just ventral to the neural tube, and differentiating during the segmentation period to form large vacuolated epithelial cells and a surrounding a sheath of fibrous and elastic layers. Layering of the sheath may differ in structure, thickness and development among groups; in cypriniforms there are actually three very thin layers to the sheath. A functional, well developed notochord is present throughout life in certain basal fish groups but not in cypriniforms. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000135", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Slender rod of fibrous connective tissue surrounding a core of fluid-filled cells of mesodermal origin; it lies above the gut and directly beneath the spinal cord. The notochord is present during early development and in a few cases it is retained through life; however, usually the notochord is replaced by the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000327", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (3) a stiff, longitudinal rod of turgid cells along the dorsal part of the body that is called a notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000199", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002329 name: somite def: "A segmental mass of mesoderm in the vertebrate embryo, occurring in pairs along the notochord and developing into muscles and vertebrae[BTO]. Portion of mesoderm distributed along the two sides of the neural tube and that will eventually become dermis (dermatome), skeletal muscle (myotome), and vertebrae (sclerotome)[WP]. In Zebrafish: Any of the approximately 45 bilaterally paired blocks of mesoderm cells, lying on either side of the notochord and neural tube, and forming sequentially starting at the head during development of the embryo. Together they give rise to the axial skeleton (from the sclerotome), associated musculature (from the myotome), and dermis (from the dermatome). // Undifferentiated mesodermal components of early trunk or tail segments or metameres, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms myotomes, sclerotomes and perhaps dermatomes. Kimmel et al, 1995." [BTO:0001558, OMD:somite, Wikipedia:Somite, XB:curator, ZFIN:curator] comment: Editor notes: currently classified as an epithelial vesicle, consistent with EHDAA2 and UBERONREF:0000002. Consider making "somitic mesoderm" a separate term and correlate with regionalization processes. Consider moving ZFA term to 'trunk somite' as it is part of the trunk // When the somite becomes segmented from the segmental plate, it is composed of an epithelial sac enclosing mesenchymal somitocoel cells. Thereafter the somite differentiates into two parts, the ventro-medial mesenchymal sclerotome and the dorso-lateral epithelial dermomyotome. This change in the epithelial somite depends on surrounding tissue [PMID:15906248] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelial somite" RELATED [UBERONREF:0000002] synonym: "mesodermal cluster" EXACT [GO:0001756] synonym: "somites" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "somitic mesoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "somitus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Somite] xref: AAO:0010569 xref: BTO:0001558 xref: EHDAA2:0003436 xref: EHDAA:366 xref: EHDAA:699 xref: FMA:85522 xref: GAID:1306 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png xref: MAT:0000068 xref: MESH:A.16.254.425.660.750 xref: MIAA:0000068 xref: ncithesaurus:Somite xref: TAO:0000155 xref: VHOG:0000191 xref: XAO:0000058 xref: ZFA:0000155 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0007503 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial vesicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003059 {source="ZFA"} ! presomitic mesoderm property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from paraxial mesenchyme (TAO:0000942)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000155", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: OBO_REL:part_of trunk (TAO:0001115) CHANGED TO: develops_from trunk (UBERON:0002100)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000155", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: part_of paraxial mesoderm (AAO:0010568) CHANGED TO: develops_from paraxial mesoderm (UBERON:0003077)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010569", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Post-cranial axial segments which form sclerotome and dermomyotome.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010569", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Undifferentiated mesodermal components of early trunk or tail segments or metameres, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms myotomes, sclerotomes and perhaps dermatomes. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000155", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) cephalocordates and craniates belong to a group known as Somitichordata. Somitichordate synapomorphies include (1) somites (...) (reference 1); The idea that the last common ancestor of bilaterian animals (Urbilateria) was segmented has been raised recently on evidence coming from comparative molecular embryology (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000191", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.40, DOI:10.1093/icb/43.1.137 Balavoine G, Adoutte A, The segmented urbilateria: a testable scenario. Integrative and Comparative Biology (2003)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7712 {source="PMID:17237766"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002330 name: exocrine system def: "Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce exocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity. Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their products (hormones) into ducts (duct glands). They are the counterparts to endocrine glands, which secrete their products (hormones) directly into the bloodstream (ductless glands) or release hormones (paracrines) that affect only target cells nearby the release site. [Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Exocrine_gland] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "exocrine glandular system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002225] xref: EHDAA2:0002225 xref: FMA:85539 xref: MA:0002411 xref: ncithesaurus:Exocrine_System is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system [Term] id: UBERON:0002331 name: umbilical cord def: "The connecting cord from the developing embryo or fetus to the placenta. During prenatal development, the umbilical cord comes from the same zygote as the fetus and (in humans) normally contains two arteries (the umbilical arteries) and one vein (the umbilical vein), buried within Wharton's jelly. The umbilical vein supplies the fetus with oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta. Conversely, the umbilical arteries return the deoxygenated, nutrient-depleted blood[WP]." [Wikipedia:Umbilical_cord] comment: See notes for connecting stalk subset: uberon_slim synonym: "birth cord" RELATED [Wikipedia:Umbilical_cord] synonym: "connecting stalk" RELATED [] synonym: "funiculus umbilicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Umbilical_cord] synonym: "yolk stalk" RELATED [BTO:0001415] xref: BTO:0001415 xref: EFO:0001415 xref: EHDAA2:0000312 xref: EHDAA:158 xref: EMAPA:26115 xref: EV:0100127 xref: FMA:85541 xref: GAID:517 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Umbilicalcord.jpg xref: MAT:0000280 xref: MESH:A.16.254.789 xref: MIAA:0000280 xref: ncithesaurus:Umbilical_Cord xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvyewDJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280644003 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007806 ! connecting stalk [Term] id: UBERON:0002333 name: pulmonary trunk def: "Pulmonary arterial trunk which is continuous with the right ventricle.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Pulmonary_artery] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pulmonary artery (trunk)" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk of pulmonary arterial tree" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0001399 xref: EHDAA2:0001576 xref: EHDAA:9831 xref: EMAPA:17015 xref: EMAPA:18240 xref: FMA:8612 xref: galen:PulmonaryTrunk xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Alveoli_diagram.png/200px-Alveoli_diagram.png xref: MA:0002033 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-6d0ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0001134 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system property_value: external_definition "An arterial trunk with origin from the right ventricle of the heart, and dividing into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which enter the corresponding lungs and branch with the bronchi. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001134", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pulmonary+trunk"} property_value: homology_notes "As in birds, the conus arteriosus split during embryonic development in mammals to produce the pulmonary trunk and single aortic trunk of the adult.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001134", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.481", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002334 name: submandibular duct def: "The submandibular duct (Wharton's duct, submaxillary duct) is one of the salivary ducts. It is about 5 cm. long, and its wall is much thinner than that of the parotid duct. It begins by numerous branches from the deep surface of the gland, and runs forward between the mylohyoideus, hyoglossus, and genioglossus, then between the sublingual gland and the genioglossus, and opens by a narrow orifice on the summit of a small at the side of the frenulum linguæ. On the hyoglossus it lies between the lingual and hypoglossal nerves, but at the anterior border of the muscle it is crossed laterally by the lingual nerve; the terminal branches of the lingual nerve ascend on its medial side. It drains saliva from the submandibular glands and sublingual glands to the sublingual caruncle at the base of the tongue. It was initially described by the English anatomist Thomas Wharton and sometimes referred to by his name. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submandibular_duct] comment: AO notes: FMA also has 'main submandibular duct' (FMA:59899) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductus submaxillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Submandibular_duct] synonym: "submandibular salivary duct" RELATED [] synonym: "submaxillary duct" RELATED [] synonym: "Wharton's duct" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:59899, Wikipedia:Submandibular_duct] xref: BTO:0004556 xref: FMA:86266 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray1024.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray1024.png/200px-Gray1024.png xref: MA:0002698 xref: ncithesaurus:Submandibular_Duct xref: SCTID:181237009 is_a: UBERON:0001837 ! duct of salivary gland relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland [Term] id: UBERON:0002335 name: macula densa def: "The macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0072024, Wikipedia:Macula_densa] subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0003940 xref: FMA:86333 xref: MA:0002603 xref: ncithesaurus:Macula_Densa xref: SCTID:244657003 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002303 {source="MA"} ! juxtaglomerular apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0002336 name: corpus callosum def: "The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provides communications between the right and left cerebral hemispheres[GO]." [Wikipedia:Corpus_callosum] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: BM:Tel-CC xref: BTO:0000615 xref: EFO:0001390 xref: EV:0100305 xref: FMA:86464 xref: GAID:683 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Gray733.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Gray733.png/200px-Gray733.png xref: MA:0000188 xref: MAT:0000286 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.362 xref: MIAA:0000286 xref: ncithesaurus:Corpus_Callosum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1087 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvbNzdZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362354006 xref: VHOG:0001608 is_a: UBERON:0002473 ! intercerebral commissure is_a: UBERON:0005340 ! dorsal telencephalic commissure property_value: external_definition "The largest commissure of the brain connecting the cerebral hemispheres. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001608", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corpus+callosum"} property_value: homology_notes "In addition to the anterior commissure, placental mammals have a phylogenetically new forebrain commissure, the corpus callosum, which primarily interconnects the neocortex of the cerebral hemispheres.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001608", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1969.tb20447.x Ebner FF, A comparison of primitive forebrain organization in metatherian and eutherian mammals. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (1969)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9255 [Term] id: UBERON:0002337 name: endometrial stroma comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "endometrium stroma" EXACT [] synonym: "stroma of endometrium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86487 xref: MA:0002734 xref: ncithesaurus:Endometrial_Stroma xref: SCTID:254115004 is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001295 ! endometrium [Term] id: UBERON:0002338 name: lamina propria of bronchus def: "A lamina propria that is part of a bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "bronchi lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus lamina propria" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchus lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus lamina propria mucosae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:86619 xref: MA:0001836 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Lamina_Propria is_a: UBERON:0000031 ! lamina propria of trachea is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0002339 name: epithelium of lobar bronchus def: "the tissue made up of epithelial cells that lines the inside of the lobar bronchus." [GO:0060481] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobar bronchial epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "lobar bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobar bronchus epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "secondary bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17390 xref: EMAPA:17658 xref: EMAPA:17666 xref: EMAPA:17984 xref: EMAPA:17989 xref: EMAPA:17994 xref: EMAPA:18000 xref: FMA:86624 xref: MA:0001842 is_a: UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium is_a: UBERON:0002031 ! epithelium of bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0002340 name: epithelium of main bronchus alt_id: UBERON:0003245 def: "An epithelium that is part of a main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "bronchus principalis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchial epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "main bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchus epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "primary bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001047 xref: EHDAA:5003 xref: EMAPA:16851 xref: FMA:86625 xref: MA:0001847 xref: VHOG:0001034 is_a: UBERON:0002031 ! epithelium of bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0002341 name: epithelium of segmental bronchus def: "An epithelium that is part of a segmental bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "epithelial tissue of segmental bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segmental bronchial epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "segmental bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segmental bronchus epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "tertiary bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tertiary bronchus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:86626 xref: MA:0001850 is_a: UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium is_a: UBERON:0002031 ! epithelium of bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002184 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0002342 name: neural crest def: "The neural crest, a transient component of the ectoderm, is located in between the neural tube and the epidermis (or the free margins of the neural folds) of an embryo during neural tube formation. Neural crest cells quickly migrate during or shortly after neurulation, an embryological event marked by neural tube closure." [Wikipedia:Neural_crest] comment: Editor note: consider including subclasses for pre- and post- migratory (e.g. sheets/paths/streams). Taxon notes: A well developed neural crest population is present in lampreys (Horigome et al. 1999 ; Tomsa & Langeland, 1999) and gnathostomes. chordate fossils from the early Cambrian (Yunnanozoan and Haikouella) with apparent neural-crest derived structures (pharyngeal denticles and pharyngeal skeletons resembling the striped mucocartilage of the branchial bars in lamprey ammocoete larvae), suggests that neural crest arose very early in vertebrate evolution (Chen et al. 1999; Holland & Chen, 2001). The invertebrate chordates apparently lack defini- tive neural crest. One marker of migrating neural crest in some vertebrates, the antibody HNK1, does not recognize any cells in amphioxus embryos (Holland, unpublished). Even so, in both amphioxus and tunicates, cells at the edges of the neural plate and adjacent nonneural ectoderm share some properties of neural crest[PMID:11523831]. Gene notes: Many factors and genes, such as Pax3 (Tremblay et al., 1995), slug (Nieto et al., 1994), AP-2 (Zhang et al., 1996; Schorle et al., 1996), and Wnt-1/3a (Ikeya et al., 1997) are expressed in the dorsal most region of the neural tube, and have been shown to be involved in the generation of neural crest cells. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "crista neuralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neural_crest] synonym: "neural crest material" RELATED [VHOG:0000057] xref: AAO:0010578 xref: BTO:0001764 xref: EHDAA2:0004419 xref: FMA:86666 xref: GAID:1310 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Neural_Crest.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray644.png/200px-Gray644.png xref: MAT:0000066 xref: MESH:A.16.254.600 xref: MIAA:0000066 xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Crest xref: SCTID:361462002 xref: TAO:0000045 xref: VHOG:0000057 xref: XAO:0000048 xref: ZFA:0000045 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010316 ! germ layer / neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003075 {source="BTO"} ! neural plate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005062 {source="PMID:11523831"} ! neural fold relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000110 {source="PMID:11523831"} ! neurula stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0002346 {source="UBERONREF:0000002", source="XAO"} ! neurectoderm property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from ectoderm (AAO:0000137) CHANGED TO: develops_from ectoderm (UBERON:0000924)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010578", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "A cell population arising from the dorsolateral aspect of the central nervous system primordium during the segmentation period, and later migrating along stereotyped pathways to give rise to a diverse and well-defined set of cell types including pigment cells, peripheral neurons and glia, and head cartilage. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000045", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Migratory cell population which delaminates from neural tube, borders surface ectoderm and neural ectoderm, and gives rise to many different tissue types.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010578", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude that the neural crest is a vertebrate novelty, but that neural crest cells and their derivatives evolved and diversified in a step-wise fashion - first by elaboration of neural plate border cells, then by the innovation or co-option of new or ancient metazoan cell fates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000057", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01495.x Hall BK, Gillis JA, Incremental evolution of the neural crest, neural crest cells and neural crest-derived skeletal tissues. J Anat (2012)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002343 name: abdomen musculature def: "Set of all muscles in abdomen." [OBOL:automatic] comment: note distinction between abdomen muscle and abdomen musculature subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "abdominal musculature" EXACT [] synonym: "muscle group of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:71294] synonym: "muscles of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:71294] synonym: "musculature of abdomen" EXACT [] synonym: "musculature of abdominal wall" EXACT [FMA:86917] synonym: "set of muscles of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:71294] xref: FMA:71294 xref: FMA:86917 xref: TAO:0001327 xref: ZFA:0001327 is_a: UBERON:0004479 ! musculature of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0002345 name: descending thoracic aorta def: "the part of the aorta that extends from the arch of the aorta to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest." [MP:0009868] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: EFO:0002527 xref: EMAPA:18605 xref: FMA:87217 xref: MA:0002572 xref: SCTID:181301002 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001514 ! descending aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0001515 ! thoracic aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0002346 name: neurectoderm def: "Embryonic ectoderm that gives rise to nervous tissue." [Wikipedia:Neuroectoderm] comment: Terminology notes: we prefer neurectoderm to neural ectoderm since placodal ectoderm is not classified here subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelium tubi neuralis; neuroectoderma" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neuroectoderm] synonym: "neuaral ectoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "neural ectoderm" EXACT [] synonym: "neuroectoderm" EXACT [] synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED [] synonym: "ventral neurogenic region" RELATED [VHOG:0000150] xref: AAO:0011074 xref: BILA:0000039 xref: EHDAA2:0001248 xref: EHDAA:1498 xref: EHDAA:255 xref: EMAPA:16073 xref: EV:0100004 xref: FBbt:00001061 xref: FMA:87657 xref: MAT:0000176 xref: MIAA:0000176 xref: ncithesaurus:Neuroectoderm xref: TAO:0001120 xref: VHOG:0000150 xref: XAO:0000042 xref: ZFA:0001120 is_a: UBERON:0000923 ! germ layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! ectoderm property_value: homology_notes "(...) the ability of ectoderm to produce neuronal cells is a general metazoan feature.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000150", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002347 name: thoracic vertebra def: "In humans, the 12 thoracic vertebrae compose the middle segment of the vertebral column, between the cervical vertebrae and the lumbar vertebrae. They are intermediate in size between those of the cervical and lumbar regions; they increase in size as one proceeds down the spine, the upper vertebrae being much smaller than those in the lower part of the region. They are distinguished by the presence of facets on the sides of the bodies for articulation with the heads of the ribs, and facets on the transverse processes of all, except the eleventh and twelfth, for articulation with the tubercles of the ribs. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_vertebrae] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "thorax vertebra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebra of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebra thoracica" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18011 xref: FMA:9139 xref: GAID:244 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Gray90.png/200px-Gray90.png xref: MA:0000314 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.834.892 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Vertebra xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdZIBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181821009 is_a: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra is_a: UBERON:0003827 ! thoracic segment bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006073 intersection_of: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006073 ! thoracic region of vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0006073 ! thoracic region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0002348 name: epicardium def: "Region of visceral serous pericardium which has as its part, the mesothelium, subepicardial layer of epicardium and the fibroelastic connective tissue that is attached to the myocardium and is continuous with the parietal serous pericardium[FMA]. External layer of the heart[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Epicardium, ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO - check links with UBERON:0002425 visceral serous pericardium. develops from proepicardium. WP:Epicardium -- When considered as a part of the pericardium, it is the inner layer, or visceral pericardium, continuous with the serous layer. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "heart epicardium" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina visceralis pericardii serosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epicardium] synonym: "visceral serous pericardium of heart" EXACT [] synonym: "visceral serous pericardium proper" EXACT [FMA:9461] xref: AAO:0010409 xref: EHDAA2:0002202 xref: FMA:9461 xref: galen:Epicardium xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray968.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png xref: ncithesaurus:Epicardium xref: TAO:0005057 xref: VHOG:0000119 xref: XAO:0000316 xref: ZFA:0005057 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004160 ! proepicardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0002425 ! visceral serous pericardium property_value: external_definition "External layer of the heart.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005057", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The inner layer of the pericardium that is in contact with the surface of the heart.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010409", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002349 name: myocardium def: "middle muscular layer of the heart wall[M-W]. Muscle layer of organ which has as its parts the myocardium proper and the conducting system of the heart[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Myocardium] comment: TODO - check 'Myocardum proper' in FMA. We superclass the more generic class for now. FMA has is_a muscle layer - should we add this? ZFA and BTO both have is_a 'cardiac muscle' (tissue?). But in U we also follow FMA and have cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium (there is also Fibrocollagenous connective tissue of myocardium), which would be identical (see issue-10). Note that GO also treats left/right ventricular cardiac muscle tissue synonymous with ventricular myocardium subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac muscle" RELATED [ZFA:0001319] synonym: "heart muscle" RELATED [FMA:9462] synonym: "heart muscle " RELATED [ZFA:0001319] synonym: "heart myocardium" EXACT [] synonym: "muscle of heart" EXACT [FMA:9462] xref: AAO:0010410 xref: BTO:0000901 xref: EFO:0000819 xref: EHDAA2:0004150 xref: EV:0100022 xref: FMA:9462 xref: GAID:173 xref: galen:Myocardium xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Glanzstreifen.jpg/200px-Glanzstreifen.jpg xref: MA:0000164 xref: MAT:0000453 xref: MESH:A.02.633.580 xref: ncithesaurus:Myocardium xref: OpenCyc:Mx4ro36AFrCvEduAAAAOpmP6tw xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001220 xref: SCTID:362012001 xref: TAO:0001319 xref: VHOG:0000083 xref: XAO:0000065 xref: ZFA:0001319 is_a: UBERON:0005983 ! heart layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000383 ! musculature of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart property_value: external_definition "Robust muscular tunic of the heart which forms the basic part of its walls. Its external surface is covered by the pericardium and its internal one by the endocardium. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000083", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "The middle layer of the heart, consisting of cardiac muscle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010410", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002350 name: conducting system of heart def: " The cardiac conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that regulate the frequency of heart beat[GO]" [GO:0003161] comment: Editor notes: EHDAA2 divides the system from the tissue subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac conducting system" EXACT [VHOG:0001271] synonym: "cardiac conduction system" EXACT [] synonym: "cardiac impulse conducting system" EXACT [GO:0003161] synonym: "cardionector" EXACT [] synonym: "central conduction system" RELATED [] synonym: "heart conduction system" EXACT [GO:0003161] synonym: "impulse conducting system" EXACT [MA:0000094] xref: EFO:0003909 xref: EHDAA2:0004185 xref: EV:0100025 xref: FMA:9476 xref: MA:0000094 xref: MESH:A.07.541.409 xref: SCTID:281489000 xref: TAO:0005063 xref: VHOG:0001271 xref: ZFA:0005063 is_a: UBERON:0004493 ! cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium is_a: UBERON:0010131 {source="FMA"} ! conducting tissue of heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 {source="FMA"} ! myocardium property_value: homology_notes "The fish heart displays clear polarity of contraction in a posterior-to-anterior direction. The contraction waves originate in the sinus venosus and terminate in the conus arteriosus. The nodal phenotype persists in the inflow region of the heart, varying from the venosinus to the sinoatrial junctional areas in different species . Similar to the mammalian situation, pacemaker tissue with a lower intrinsic rhythmicity is also found at the atrioventricular junction.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001271", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1152/physrev.00006.2003 Moorman AFM, Christoffels VM, Cardiac Chamber Formation: Development, Genes, and Evolution. Physiological Reviews (2003)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002351 name: sinoatrial node def: "The part of the cardiac conduction system that controls the timing of heart muscle contraction. It relays electrical signals to the AV node[GO]. Subdivision of conducting system of heart at the junction of the right atrium and the superior vena cava, around the sinoatrial nodal branch of right coronary artery and is continuous with the internodal tract[FMA]." [GO:0003163, Wikipedia:Sinoatrial_node] comment: WP:Heart states: "The SA node is found in all amniotes but not in more primitive vertebrates. In these animals, the muscles of the heart are relatively continuous and the sinus venosus coordinates the beat which passes in a wave through the remaining chambers. Indeed, since the sinus venosus is incorporated into the right atrium in amniotes, it is likely homologous with the SA node. In teleosts, with their vestigial sinus venosus, the main centre of coordination is, instead, in the atrium.". Note however that ZFA has SA node. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cardiac pacemaker" EXACT [FMA:9477] synonym: "Koch's node" EXACT [FMA:9477] synonym: "node of Keith-Flack" EXACT [FMA:9477] synonym: "nodus sinuatrialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9477, FMA:TA] synonym: "nodus sinuatrialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sinoatrial_node] synonym: "SA nodal muscle tissue" EXACT [FMA:9477] synonym: "SA node" EXACT [FMA:9477] synonym: "sinoatrial node" EXACT [FMA:9477] synonym: "sinu-atrial node" EXACT [FMA:9477] synonym: "sinuatrial nodal muscle tissue" EXACT [FMA:9477] synonym: "sinuatrial node" EXACT [FMA:9477] synonym: "sinus node" EXACT [FMA:9477] synonym: "sinus node of Keith and Flack" EXACT [FMA:9477] xref: BTO:0004358 xref: EHDAA2:0004184 xref: FMA:9477 xref: GAID:561 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Sinoatrial_node_2_low_mag.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Sinoatrial_node_low_mag.jpg/200px-Sinoatrial_node_low_mag.jpg xref: MA:0000097 xref: MESH:A.07.541.409.819 xref: ncithesaurus:Sinoatrial_Node xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rOhejDGMcEd2AAABQjYGu0g xref: SCTID:277687007 xref: TAO:0005069 xref: ZFA:0005069 is_a: UBERON:0004493 ! cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 {source="ZFA"} ! conducting system of heart [Term] id: UBERON:0002352 name: atrioventricular node def: "Subdivision of conducting system of heart which is located in the muscular part of the interatrial septum that is continuous with the atrioventricular bundle.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Atrioventricular_node] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "aschoff-tawara node" EXACT [] synonym: "atrioventricular nodal muscle tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "atriovetricular node" RELATED [TAO:0005070] synonym: "av nodal muscle tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "av node" EXACT [] synonym: "node of tawara" EXACT [] synonym: "nodus atrioventricularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Atrioventricular_node] xref: EFO:0000276 xref: EHDAA2:0004183 xref: FMA:9478 xref: GAID:558 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Gray501.png/200px-Gray501.png xref: MA:0000095 xref: MAT:0000498 xref: MESH:A.07.541.409.147 xref: ncithesaurus:Atrioventricular_Node xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rMfD91mMcEd2AAABQjYGu0g xref: SCTID:277688002 xref: TAO:0005070 xref: VHOG:0001474 xref: ZFA:0005070 is_a: UBERON:0004490 ! cardiac muscle tissue of atrium is_a: UBERON:0004493 ! cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart property_value: homology_notes "Three major adaptations, or 'novel cardiac components', that were not present in the ancestor chordate heart tube can be distinguished in the lower vertebrate heart: the atrium, ventricle, and possibly the muscular sinus venosus. Furthermore, within the ventricular component a compact outer myocardial component and an interiorly localized extensive trabecular component can be distinguished. The specific activation of the ventricle adds to its complexity as follows. The depolarizing impulse travels rapidly from the atrioventricular node toward the apex and then toward the conal region, achieving activation from apex to base.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001474", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1152/physrev.00006.2003 Moorman AFM, Christoffels VM, Cardiac Chamber Formation: Development, Genes, and Evolution. Physiological Reviews (2003)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002353 name: atrioventricular bundle def: "Subdivision of conducting system of heart which consists of the atrial part and the ventricular part of the atrioventricular bundle and is the direct continuation of the atrioventricular node.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Bundle_of_His] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "atrioventricular bundle muscle tissue" EXACT [FMA:9484] synonym: "atrioventricular fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:9484] synonym: "bundle of His" EXACT [FMA:9484] synonym: "fasciculus atrioventricularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Bundle_of_His] synonym: "His bundle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:9484 xref: GAID:559 xref: galen:BundleOfHis xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/ECG_Principle_fast.gif/200px-ECG_Principle_fast.gif xref: MA:0002576 xref: MESH:A.07.541.409.273 xref: ncithesaurus:Atrioventricular_Bundle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rUv1WcGPJEd2AAABQjYGu0g xref: SCTID:362022007 is_a: UBERON:0004493 ! cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0004146 {source="GO"} ! His-Purkinje system [Term] id: UBERON:0002354 name: purkinje fiber def: "Conducting tissue of heart which consists of Purkinje myocytes.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Purkinje_fiber] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "myofibra conducens cardiacus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:9492 xref: GAID:560 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray498.png/200px-Gray498.png xref: MA:0000096 xref: MESH:A.07.541.409.683 xref: ncithesaurus:Purkinje_Fiber is_a: UBERON:0004493 ! cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium is_a: UBERON:0010131 {source="FMA"} ! conducting tissue of heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart [Term] id: UBERON:0002355 name: pelvis def: "Subdivision of abdomen, which is demarcated from the abdomen proper by the plane of the superior pelvic aperture, and from the perineum by the inferior surface of the pelvic diaphragm; together with the abdomen proper, it constitutes the abdomen[FMA]." [FMA:9578, Wikipedia:Pelvis] comment: Note that MA and FMA differ in what they consider to be parts of the pelvis. MA includes ureter, urethra, urinary bladder, reproductive organs subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lesser pelvis" EXACT [FMA:9578] synonym: "pelvic region" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvis region" EXACT [] synonym: "true pelvis" EXACT [FMA:9578] xref: BTO:0001006 xref: EFO:0002805 xref: EV:0100012 xref: FMA:9578 xref: GAID:87 xref: galen:Pelvis xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Gray242.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray242.png/200px-Gray242.png xref: MA:0000030 xref: MESH:A.01.673 xref: ncithesaurus:Pelvis xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjiTJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:229765004 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0002356 name: perineum def: "Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the pelvis by the inferior surface of the pelvic diaphragm and from the lower limbs by the perineofemoral lines; together with the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis, it constitutes the trunk[FMA]." [FMA:9579, Wikipedia:Perineum] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "perineal region" EXACT [] synonym: "regio perinealis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9579, FMA:TA] xref: EHDAA2:0004015 xref: EV:0100013 xref: FMA:9579 xref: GAID:90 xref: galen:Perineum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Gray406.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gray406.png/200px-Gray406.png xref: MA:0002466 xref: MESH:A.01.719 xref: ncithesaurus:Perineum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvcHSh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:243990009 is_a: UBERON:0009569 {source="FMA-modified"} ! subdivision of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0002357 name: serous pericardium def: "Serous membrane which has as its parts the epicardium and parietal serous pericardium that surrounds pericardial cavity." [Wikipedia:Serous_pericardium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pericardium serosum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Serous_pericardium] synonym: "serous portion of pericardium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:9582 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray968.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png xref: MA:0002739 xref: SCTID:243954002 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane is_a: UBERON:0005983 ! heart layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002406 ! pericardial sac [Term] id: UBERON:0002358 name: peritoneum def: "A serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom — it covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs — in higher vertebrates and some invertebrates (annelids, for instance). It is composed of a layer of mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue. The peritoneum both supports the abdominal organs and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves[WP]. The smooth transparent serous membrane that lines the cavity of the abdomen of a mammal and is folded inward over the abdominal and pelvic viscera[BTO]. The endothelial lining of the ABDOMINAL CAVITY. The parietal peritoneum covers the inside of the ABDOMINAL WALL and the visceral peritoneum covers the bowel, the MESENTERY, and certain of the organs. The portion that covers the bowel becomes the serosal layer of the bowel wall[GAID]." [Wikipedia:Peritoneum, ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO - in ZFA is_a epithelium subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "peritonaeum" RELATED [VHOG:0001257] xref: AAO:0010814 xref: BTO:0001472 xref: EV:0100087 xref: FMA:9584 xref: GAID:18 xref: galen:Peritoneum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray1040.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gray1040.png/200px-Gray1040.png xref: MESH:A.01.047.025.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Peritoneum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvjJ72ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0005120 xref: VHOG:0001257 xref: XAO:0000139 xref: ZFA:0005120 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0003684 ! abdominal cavity property_value: external_definition "An epithelium that lines the peritoneal cavity.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005120", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom. It covers most of the intra-abdominal organs, supports the abdominal organs, and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves. It is composed of a layer of mesothelium.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010814", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:JMG"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002359 name: fibrous pericardium def: "Membrane organ which is attached to the pericardial sac proper and the central tendon of diaphragm and is continuous with the pretracheal fascia.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Fibrous_pericardium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fibrous portion of pericardium" EXACT [] synonym: "pericardium fibrosum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fibrous_pericardium] xref: EMAPA:19029 xref: FMA:9586 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray968.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png xref: MA:0002738 xref: SCTID:243953008 is_a: UBERON:0000094 ! membrane organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium [Term] id: UBERON:0002360 name: meninx def: "Membrane organ that surrounds the brain and the spinal cord." [FMA:9589, http://www.shsu.edu/~bio_mlt/Chap15.html, Wikipedia:Meninx] comment: Editor note: consider separate term for meninges aka collection of meninges. Note in EHDAA2 pia mater etc are part of the meninges. Also consider a new class for primary/primitive meninx. AO notes: Not consider part of the CNS/neuraxis in FMA. Taxon notes: Whereas cyclostomes and fishes only have a single envelope called the primitive meninx, amphibians have two layers, consisting of an outer dura mater which is extremely dense and protective, and a pia-arachnoid or secondary meninx which is more delicate and vascular. Mammals have three meninges: pia mater (which follows all the convolutions of the brain and is the most interior), the arachnoid layer (which is delicate and sends strands to the pia mater), and the dura mater (the outer, more protective meninx). subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "layer of meninges" EXACT [] synonym: "meningeal layer" EXACT [] synonym: "meninx primitiva" NARROW [VHOG:0001295] xref: BTO:0000144 xref: EFO:0000584 xref: EFO:0000867 xref: EV:0100312 xref: FMA:9589 xref: GAID:687 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Illu_meninges.jpg/200px-Illu_meninges.jpg xref: MA:0001113 xref: MAT:0000113 xref: MESH:A.08.186.566 xref: ncithesaurus:Meninges xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090204 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwDOl8JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0001355 xref: VHOG:0001295 xref: ZFA:0001355 is_a: UBERON:0000094 {source="FMA"} ! membrane organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {notes="primitive", source="UBERONREF:0000002", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:7955"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0010743 ! meningeal cluster property_value: external_definition "Membrane covering the brain and spinal cord. It is represented by a single layer in fishes, two in amphibians, reptiles and birds and three in mammals (named dura mater, arachnoid and pia mater). [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001295", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/meninges"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001295", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002361 name: pia mater def: "delicate innermost layer of the meninges—the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The thin, mesh-like pia mater closely envelops the entire surface of the brain, running down into the fissures of the cortex. It joins with the ependyma which lines the ventricles to form choroid plexuses that produce cerebrospinal fluid. In the spinal cord, the pia mater attaches to the dura mater by the denticular ligaments through the arachnoid membrane. The pia mater is a neural crest derivative." [Wikipedia:Pia_mater] comment: Editor note: consider adding adjacency relationship to neuraxis (brain+spinal cord); however note that at this time the meninges may be considered part of the nervous system subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [] synonym: "pial membrane" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090209] xref: BTO:0001635 xref: EHDAA2:0004318 xref: EHDAA:1367 xref: EHDAA:1961 xref: EHDAA:2001 xref: EHDAA:2099 xref: EHDAA:2685 xref: EHDAA:2833 xref: EHDAA:2867 xref: EHDAA:3692 xref: EHDAA:3710 xref: EHDAA:6566 xref: EHDAA:6583 xref: EV:0100315 xref: FMA:9590 xref: GAID:693 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray770-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Gray770.png/200px-Gray770.png xref: MA:0001116 xref: MESH:A.08.186.566.731 xref: ncithesaurus:Pia_Mater xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090209 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvtesBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001464 xref: SCTID:362305004 is_a: UBERON:0000391 ! leptomeninx [Term] id: UBERON:0002362 name: arachnoid mater def: "One of the three meninges, the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. It is interposed between the two other meninges, the more superficial dura mater and the deeper pia mater, and is separated from the pia mater by the subarachnoid space." [Wikipedia:Arachnoid_mater] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arachnoid" EXACT [] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [] synonym: "arachnoid membrane" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090208] synonym: "arachnoidea mater" RELATED [BTO:0001636] xref: BTO:0001636 xref: EV:0100314 xref: FMA:9591 xref: GAID:688 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Gray767.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gray767.png/200px-Gray767.png xref: MA:0001114 xref: MESH:A.08.186.566.166 xref: ncithesaurus:Arachnoid_Membrane xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090208 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rve5HlJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362304000 is_a: UBERON:0000391 ! leptomeninx [Term] id: UBERON:0002363 name: dura mater def: "the outermost of the three layers of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The other two meningeal layers are the pia mater and the arachnoid mater. The dura surrounds the brain and the spinal cord and is responsible for keeping in the cerebrospinal fluid." [Wikipedia:Dura_mater] comment: Function notes: capable of inducing chondrogenesis - requires contact with an epithelium - PMID:16496288. AO notes: in ncit this is divided into periosteal layer and meningeal layer subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dura" RELATED [BTO:0001637] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [] synonym: "pachymeninges" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090206] xref: BTO:0001637 xref: EMAPA:17776 xref: EV:0100313 xref: FMA:9592 xref: GAID:691 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Meninges-en.svg xref: MA:0001115 xref: MESH:A.08.186.566.395 xref: ncithesaurus:Dura_Mater xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090206 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvvmzqZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362301008 is_a: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001773 {source="PMID:16496288"} ! sclera relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007647 ! ectomeninx relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010115 {evidence="definitional"} ! future dura mater property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002364 name: tympanic membrane def: "A thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear, consisting of two epithelia (one part of the the external accoustic meatus epithelium, the other part of the tympanic cavity epithelium) with a fibrous layer between them. Its function is to transmit sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear. The malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles. Rupture or perforation of the eardrum can lead to conductive hearing loss. [WP,unvetted]." [PMID:11237469, Wikipedia:Tympanic_membrane] comment: most AOs consider this part of the middle ear, so we go with this and place it in the middle ear as a border to the external, although it could be considered to overlap the external ear in that it has an EAM layer as part - for this reason we do not consider middle and external ear to be spatially disjoint. Development notes: The tympanic membrane (TM) has three layers, two epithelia provided by the external acoustic meatus (EAM) and the MEC, derived respectively from the first pharyngeal cleft and pouch, and a mesenchymally derived fibrous stratum[PMID:11237469] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ear drum" EXACT [] synonym: "eardrum" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral wall of tympanic cavity" EXACT [] synonym: "membranous wall of tympanic cavity" EXACT [] synonym: "myrinx" EXACT [] synonym: "paries membranaceus cavi tympani" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9595, FMA:TA] synonym: "Rivinus' membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "tympanum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tympanic_membrane] xref: EV:0100358 xref: FMA:9595 xref: GAID:870 xref: MA:0000257 xref: MESH:A.09.246.397.873 xref: ncithesaurus:Tympanic_Membrane xref: SCTID:181180005 xref: VHOG:0001146 xref: XAO:0000212 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0000094 {source="FMA"} ! membrane organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004114 {source="cjm"} ! tympanic cavity relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009213 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal membrane of 1st arch relationship: has_part UBERON:0005042 ! inner epithelial layer of tympanic membrane relationship: has_part UBERON:0010069 ! outer epithelial layer of tympanic membrane relationship: has_part UBERON:0010070 ! intermediate layer of tympanic membrane relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001691 {source="cjm"} ! external ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 {source="MA"} ! middle ear property_value: external_definition "The thin membrane which closes externally the cavity of the middle ear and is deeply sited at the bottom of the external auditory meatus. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001146", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In particular, a tympanic membrane was not present in the earliest tetrapods (...). An ear utilizing a tympanic membrane evolved independently at least three times in tetrapods: (1) in the lineage that leads to anurans (frogs), (2) in the line of evolution to turtles and diapsids, and (3) in the late synapsid lineage that gave rise to mammals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001146", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.418", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002365 name: exocrine gland def: "A gland that secretes products (excluding hormones and other chemical messengers) into ducts (duct glands) which lead directly into the external environment[WP]. Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas" [Wikipedia:Exocrine_gland] comment: Editor's note: Currently this is logically defined by the system it belongs to, but a better system may be base this on presence/absence of ducts. However, the dual nature of the liver should be taken into consideration here. Consider adding subclasses subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ducted gland" EXACT [AEO:0000097] synonym: "glandula exocrina" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Exocrine_gland] xref: AEO:0000097 xref: BTO:0000765 xref: EHDAA2:0003097 xref: FMA:9596 xref: GAID:34 xref: MA:0002564 xref: MESH:A.10.336 xref: ncithesaurus:Exocrine_Gland is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0002366 name: bulbo-urethral gland def: "Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of glandular acini which communicate the bulbar part of the urethra. Examples: There only two instances, right and left bulbo-urethral glands.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Bulbourethral_gland] comment: Structure notes: The bulbourethral glands are compound tubulo-alveolar glands. subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "bulbourethral gland" EXACT [] synonym: "Cowper's gland" EXACT [] synonym: "Cowper's glands" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "Mery's gland" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001698 xref: EMAPA:19286 xref: FMA:9599 xref: GAID:387 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Male_anatomy.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Male_anatomy.png/200px-Male_anatomy.png xref: MA:0000401 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.123 xref: ncithesaurus:Cowper_s_Gland xref: SCTID:278918009 is_a: UBERON:0006868 ! seminal fluid secreting gland is_a: UBERON:0010145 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! paraurethral gland is_a: UBERON:0010147 ! male accessory sex gland is_a: UBERON:0010186 ! male urethral gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system relationship: secretes UBERON:0004691 ! bulbourethral gland secretion property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0000460 [Term] id: UBERON:0002367 name: prostate gland def: "The prostate gland is a partly muscular, partly glandular body that is situated near the base of the mammalian male urethra and secretes an alkaline viscid fluid which is a major constituent of the ejaculatory fluid." [GO:0030850, Wikipedia:Prostate] comment: TODO - FMA treats the gland as part of the prostate - see also FMA:74119. subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "male prostate" EXACT [PMID:10668204] synonym: "prostata" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Prostate] synonym: "prostate" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001129 xref: EFO:0000858 xref: EMAPA:19287 xref: EV:0100104 xref: FMA:9600 xref: GAID:392 xref: galen:ProstateGland xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Prostatelead.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Prostatelead.jpg/200px-Prostatelead.jpg xref: MA:0000404 xref: MAT:0000078 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.575 xref: MIAA:0000078 xref: ncithesaurus:Prostate_Gland xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6trqZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181422007 xref: VHOG:0001261 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010147 ! male accessory sex gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003820 ! prostate bud [Term] id: UBERON:0002368 name: endocrine gland def: "Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood rather than through a duct. The main endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus is a neuroendocrine organ. Other organs which are not so well known for their endocrine activity include the stomach, which produces such hormones as ghrelin[WP]." [Wikipedia:Endocrine_gland] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ductless gland" EXACT [] synonym: "glandula endocrina" EXACT [] synonym: "glandulae endocrinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Endocrine_gland] xref: AEO:0000098 xref: BTO:0001488 xref: EHDAA2:0003098 xref: FMA:9602 xref: GAID:335 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Illu_endocrine_system.png xref: MA:0002563 xref: MESH:A.06.407 xref: ncithesaurus:Endocrine_Gland xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvbkiRZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:40818001 is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0002369 name: adrenal gland def: "Either of a pair of complex endocrine organs near the anterior medial border of the kidney consisting of a mesodermal cortex that produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgenic hormones and an ectodermal medulla that produces epinephrine and norepinephrine[BTO]." [BTO:0000047, Wikipedia:Adrenal_gland] comment: Taxon notes: The origin of the adrenal gland is still controversial. It is thought to share the same origin as the kidney and gonads, derived from coelomic epithelium of the urogenital ridge and/or the underlying mesenchyme (Keegan and Hammer, 2002; Morohashi, 1997). We follow Kardong and state homology at the level of the cortex and medulla rather than gland as a whole subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adrenal" RELATED [BTO:0000047] synonym: "adrenal capsule" RELATED [BTO:0000047] synonym: "adrenal medulla cell" RELATED [] synonym: "atrabiliary capsule" RELATED [BTO:0000047] synonym: "epinephros" RELATED [BTO:0000047] synonym: "glandula suprarenalis" RELATED [BTO:0000047] synonym: "glandula suprarenalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Adrenal_gland] synonym: "interrenal gland" RELATED HOMOLOGY [GO:0030325] synonym: "suprarenal capsule" RELATED [BTO:0000047] synonym: "suprarenal gland" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010551 xref: BTO:0000047 xref: EFO:0000238 xref: EMAPA:18426 xref: EV:0100135 xref: FMA:9604 xref: GAID:446 xref: galen:AdrenalGland xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Illu_endocrine_system_New.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Illu_endocrine_system.jpg/200px-Illu_endocrine_system.jpg xref: MA:0000116 xref: MAT:0000071 xref: MESH:A.06.407.071 xref: MIAA:0000071 xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Gland xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvXYiz5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181127006 xref: VHOG:0001141 xref: XAO:0000164 is_a: UBERON:0006858 ! adrenal/interrenal gland is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mesoderm relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which is found on the surface of the kidney and secretes various hormones including epinephrine, norephinephrine, aldosterone, corticosterone, and cortisol.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010551", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues, but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001141", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.518 and Figure 15-9", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002370 name: thymus def: "Anatomical structure of largely lymphoid tissue that functions in cell-mediated immunity by being the site where T cells develop." [NLM:thymus, Wikipedia:Thymus] comment: check - a subtype of gland? not in GO. NCIT has thymus and thymus gland. EHDAA2 has ductless gland subset: major_organ subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "thymus gland" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010548 xref: BTO:0001374 xref: EFO:0000860 xref: EHDAA2:0002017 xref: EHDAA:9119 xref: EMAPA:18768 xref: EV:0100138 xref: FMA:9607 xref: GAID:464 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Illu_thymus.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Illu_thymus.jpg/200px-Illu_thymus.jpg xref: MA:0000142 xref: MAT:0000080 xref: MESH:A.06.407.850 xref: MIAA:0000080 xref: ncithesaurus:Thymus_Gland xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvpIympwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:118507000 xref: TAO:0001078 xref: VHOG:0000253 xref: XAO:0000163 xref: ZFA:0001078 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002368 {source="EHDAA2"} ! endocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004177 ! hemopoietic organ is_a: UBERON:0005057 ! immune organ is_a: UBERON:0005058 ! hemolymphoid system gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005562 {source="ZFA"} ! thymus primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 {source="XAO"} ! endocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 {source="FMA"} ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 {source="XAO"} ! immune system relationship: part_of UBERON:0009113 ! thymic region property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which originates as several paired thickenings on the dorsal side of the pharyngeal pouches and secretes thymosin.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010548", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "A thymus develops in all vertebrates from the endodermal epithelium of certain pharyngeal pouches and from the adjacent ectodermal epithelium. In fishes, all the pouches, or the first four, contribute to thymus formation, but in tetrapods, the number is more restricted. In mammals, only the third and fourth are involved, and the contribution of the third is by far the greater.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000253", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.558", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002371 name: bone marrow def: "flexible tissue found in the hollow interior of bones. In adults, marrow in large bones produces new blood cells[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow] comment: TODO - create superclass for bone marrow / head kidney. both are portions of tissue in the hematopoetic system. also consider adding as subclass of zone of bone organ for consistency with FMA. See also: Leydig and epigonal organs subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior kidney" RELATED [] synonym: "head kidney" BROAD [] synonym: "kidney marrow" RELATED [] synonym: "medulla of bone" RELATED [BTO:0000141] synonym: "medulla ossea" EXACT [] synonym: "medulla ossium" RELATED [BTO:0000141] synonym: "medulla ossium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow] xref: AAO:0011007 xref: BTO:0000141 xref: BTO:0000829 xref: EFO:0000868 xref: EV:0100046 xref: FMA:9608 xref: GAID:1287 xref: galen:BoneMarrow xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Gray72-en.svg xref: MA:0000134 xref: MAT:0000084 xref: MESH:A.15.382.216 xref: MIAA:0000084 xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_Marrow xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVm-FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:421320006 xref: VHOG:0001218 xref: XAO:0000123 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system property_value: homology_notes "The bone marrow is the hematopoietic organ in all vertebrates but fishes, in which hematopoiesis occurs in the kidney.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001218", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.22.010605.093317 Hartenstein V, Blood Cells and Blood Cell Development in the Animal Kingdom. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002372 name: tonsil def: "Portion of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat." [Wikipedia:Tonsil] comment: Most commonly, the term "tonsils" refers to the palatine tonsils that can be seen in the back of the throat. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Mandel" RELATED [BTO:0001387] xref: BTO:0001387 xref: EFO:0001401 xref: EV:0100052 xref: FMA:9609 xref: GAID:341 xref: MA:0000143 xref: MESH:A.03.867.603.925 xref: ncithesaurus:Tonsil xref: ncithesaurus:Tonsilar_Tissue xref: ncithesaurus:Tonsillar_Lymphoid_Tissue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVivrZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0001139 is_a: UBERON:0001962 ! gut-associated lymphoid tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0005351 ! paraflocculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0001735 ! tonsillar ring [Term] id: UBERON:0002373 name: palatine tonsil def: "tonsils on the left and right sides at the back of the throat. one of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), located at the entrance to the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts to protect the body from the entry of exogenous material through mucosal sites[WP]." [Wikipedia:Palatine_tonsil] comment: Development notes: tonsillar fossa develops from dorsal portion of pouch 2. Note that pharyngeal and lingual tonsils do not develop from pharyngeal pouches[ISBN10:1607950324] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "faucial tonsil" EXACT [] synonym: "tonsil" BROAD [] synonym: "tonsilla palatina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palatine_tonsil] xref: BTO:0004714 xref: EFO:0001977 xref: EV:0100393 xref: FMA:9610 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Illu_mouth.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Illu_mouth.jpg/200px-Illu_mouth.jpg xref: MA:0000775 xref: MAT:0000291 xref: MIAA:0000291 xref: ncithesaurus:Palatine_Tonsil xref: SCTID:265787001 xref: VHOG:0001140 is_a: UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002539 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010023 {source="ISBN10:1607950324"} ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0002374 name: metacarpal bone def: "The metacarpus is the intermediate part of the manus skeleton that is located between the phalanges (bones of the fingers) distally and the carpus which forms the connection to the forearm. The metacarpus consists of metacarpal bones. The metacarpals form a transverse arch to which the rigid row of distal carpal bones are fixed. The peripheral metacarpals (those of the thumb and little finger) form the sides of the cup of the palmar gutter and as they are brought together they deepen this concavity. The index metacarpal is the most firmly fixed, while the thumb metacarpal articulates with the trapezium and acts independently from the others. The middle metacarpals are tightly united to the carpus by intrinsic interlocking bone elements at their bases. The ring metacarpal forms a transitional element of the semi-independent last metacarpal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metacarpal_bone] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "metacarpal" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0003886 xref: FMA:9612 xref: galen:Metacarpal xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg/200px-Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg.png xref: MA:0000302 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv1Bk45wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181977005 is_a: UBERON:0003607 ! forelimb long bone is_a: UBERON:0003821 ! metacarpal/metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004453 intersection_of: UBERON:0003821 ! metacarpal/metatarsal bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region relationship: part_of UBERON:0010544 ! metacarpus skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0002375 name: cricoid cartilage def: "The cricoid cartilage, or simply cricoid (from the Greek krikoeides meaning 'ring-shaped'), is the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilaginis cricoideae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage] synonym: "cartilago cricoidea" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "cartilago cricoidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage] synonym: "cartilago cricoidea" RELATED [AAO:0000675] synonym: "cartilago cricotrachealis" RELATED [AAO:0000675] synonym: "cricoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage] synonym: "cricoidea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage] synonym: "innominate cartilage" RELATED [VHOG:0001308] synonym: "krykoid cartilage" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cricoid_cartilage] xref: AAO:0000675 xref: EHDAA2:0000326 xref: EHDAA:9393 xref: EMAPA:18696 xref: FMA:9615 xref: GAID:110 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Gray1194.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Gray1194.png/200px-Gray1194.png xref: MA:0001762 xref: MESH:A.02.165.507.211 xref: ncithesaurus:Cricoid_Cartilage xref: SCTID:263484006 xref: VHOG:0001308 is_a: UBERON:0001739 {source="MA"} ! laryngeal cartilage is_a: UBERON:0001994 {source="Wikipedia"} ! hyaline cartilage is_a: UBERON:0003406 ! cartilage of respiratory system is_a: UBERON:0003583 ! larynx connective tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010214 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cricoid pre-cartilage condensation property_value: external_definition "Cartilaginous ring that provides support for the arytenoid cartilages. Its ventral part is bent posteriorly to form a V.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000675", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "The ringlike cartilage forming the caudal part of the larynx. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001308", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cricoid+cartilage"} property_value: homology_notes " (In anura) a dorsal pair of arytenoid cartilages (...), which support vocal cords, and a ventral pair (often fused) of cricoid cartilage (...). These cartilages are regarded as derivatives of posterior visceral arches of ancestors. Together they constitute the larynx, a structure characteristic of tetrapods. (...) (In mammals) Paired arytenoid cartilages help support and control the vocal cords. The cricoid cartilage is single. Two additional cartilages are present that are lacking in other vertebrates: a large ventral thyroid cartilage (...) and a cartilage in the epiglottis.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001308", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.239-241", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002376 name: muscle of head def: "Muscle organ which is a part of the head. Examples: masseter, orbicularis oculi.[FMA]" [FMA:9616] comment: TODO - check ZFA subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "adult head muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cephalic muscle" EXACT [ZFA:0001652] synonym: "cephalic musculature" EXACT [] synonym: "cranial muscle " RELATED [ZFA:0001652] synonym: "head muscle" EXACT [MA:0000578] synonym: "head muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head muscles" RELATED [] synonym: "muscle organ of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "musculus caput" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000107 xref: BTO:0000021 xref: EFO:0003524 xref: EHDAA2:0000322 xref: EMAPA:18171 xref: FMA:9616 xref: MA:0000578 xref: TAO:0000328 xref: ZFA:0000328 xref: ZFA:0001652 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010959 ! craniocervical muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0004461 ! musculature of head [Term] id: UBERON:0002377 name: muscle of neck def: "Muscle organ which is a part of the neck. Examples: platysma, sternocleidomastoid, cricothyroid muscle.[FMA]" [FMA:9617] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "muscle organ of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck (volume) muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "neck muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:9617 xref: GAID:149 xref: MA:0000587 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.650 xref: ncithesaurus:Neck_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0010959 ! craniocervical muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0002378 name: muscle of abdomen def: "Muscle (organ) which is a part of the abdomen. Examples: external oblique, rectus abdominis." [Wikipedia:Abdominal_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "abdomen muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "abdomen muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "abdominal wall muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "muscle organ of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001261 xref: FMA:9620 xref: GAID:89 xref: MA:0000520 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.050 xref: ncithesaurus:Abdominal_Muscle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlygNJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361352008 is_a: UBERON:0003833 ! abdominal segment muscle is_a: UBERON:0005172 ! abdomen organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0003697 ! abdominal wall [Term] id: UBERON:0002379 name: perineal muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a perineum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "muscle of perineum" EXACT [] synonym: "muscle organ of perineal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "perineal region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "perineum muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18923 xref: FMA:9623 xref: MA:0000538 xref: ncithesaurus:Perineal_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0001325 ! muscle of pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum [Term] id: UBERON:0002380 name: trapezius def: "In human anatomy, the trapezius is a large superficial muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade). Its functions are to move the scapulae and support the arm. The trapezius has three functional regions: the superior region (descending part), which supports the weight of the arm; the intermediate region (transverse part), which retracts the scapulae; and the inferior region (ascending part), which medially rotates and depresses the scapulae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trapezius_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus trapezius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trapezius_muscle] synonym: "trapezius muscle" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18183 xref: FMA:9626 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Trapezius.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Trapezius.png/200px-Trapezius.png xref: MA:0002398 xref: ncithesaurus:Trapezius_Muscle xref: SCTID:181740005 xref: VHOG:0000834 is_a: UBERON:0001482 ! muscle of shoulder is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010955 ! trapezius pre-muscle mass relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001112 {source="dbpedia"} ! latissimus dorsi muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001125 {source="dbpedia"} ! serratus anterior relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002497 {notes="posterior border of the lateral third of the clavicle acromion process and spine of scapula", source="dbpedia"} ! acromion relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0007173 {notes="posterior border of the lateral third of the clavicle acromion process and spine of scapula", source="dbpedia"} ! lateral border of scapula relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000351 {source="dbpedia", notes="external occipital protuberance nuchal ligament medial superior nuchal line spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12"} ! nuchal ligament relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001076 {source="dbpedia", notes="external occipital protuberance nuchal ligament medial superior nuchal line spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12"} ! spinous process of vertebra property_value: homology_notes "The sternomastoid and the three parts of the trapezius are branchiomeric muscles that have secondarily acquired an attachment to the pectoral girdle. They evolved from the fish cucullaris.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000834", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.345", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002381 name: pectoralis major def: "The pectoralis major is a thick, fan-shaped muscle, situated at the upper front of the chest wall. It makes up the bulk of the chest muscles in the male and lies under the breast in the female. Underneath the pectoralis major is the pectoralis minor, a thin, triangular muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pectoralis_major_muscle] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Musculus pectoralis major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectoralis_major_muscle] synonym: "pectoralis major muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "pectoralis major muscle structure" EXACT [SCTID:60005003] xref: EHDAA2:0001424 xref: EHDAA:8311 xref: EMAPA:18179 xref: FMA:9627 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Pectoralis_major.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Pectoralis_major.png/200px-Pectoralis_major.png xref: MA:0002354 xref: ncithesaurus:Pectoralis_Major xref: SCTID:181624003 xref: SCTID:60005003 xref: VHOG:0000895 is_a: UBERON:0001495 {source="FMA"} ! pectoral muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 {source="dbpedia", notes="Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of the humerus"} ! humerus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003726 {source="dbpedia", notes="lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerveClavicular head: C5 and C6Sternocostal head: C7 C8 and T1"} ! thoracic nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000975 {notes="anterior surface of the sternum and the superior six costal cartilages and the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle", source="dbpedia"} ! sternum relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 {source="dbpedia", notes="anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle"} ! clavicle [Term] id: UBERON:0002382 name: rectus abdominis muscle def: "The rectus abdominis muscle is a paired muscle running vertically on each side of the anterior wall of the human abdomen (and in some other animals). There are two parallel muscles, separated by a midline band of connective tissue called the linea alba (white line). It extends from the pubic symphysis/pubic crest inferiorly to the xiphisternum/xiphoid process and lower costal cartilages (5–7) superiorly. It is contained in the Rectus sheath. The rectus is usually crossed by three fibrous bands licked by the tendinous inscriptions. While the 'sixpack' is by far the most common configuration of the muscle bellies of the rectus, there exist rare anatomic variations which result in the appearance of eight ('eightpack'), ten, or—even rarer—asymmetrically arranged segments. All these variations are functionally equivalent. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Rectus_abdominis_muscle] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "m. rectus abdominis" EXACT [AAO:0010789] synonym: "musculus rectus abdominis" EXACT [AAO:0010789] synonym: "rectus abdominis" EXACT [MA:0002364] synonym: "six pack" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010789 xref: EHDAA2:0001595 xref: EHDAA:8252 xref: EMAPA:18164 xref: FMA:9628 xref: GAID:142 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Rectus_abdominis.png/200px-Rectus_abdominis.png xref: MA:0002364 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.050.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Rectus_Abdominis xref: VHOG:0000863 xref: XAO:0004128 is_a: UBERON:0002461 ! anterior abdominal wall muscle is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000975 ! sternum relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 {source="VHOG"} ! anterior abdominal wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0008777 {source="XAO"} ! hypaxial musclulature [Term] id: UBERON:0002383 name: supraspinatus muscle def: "The supraspinatus is a relatively small muscle of the upper limb that takes its name from its origin from the supraspinous fossa superior to the spine of the scapula. It is one of the four rotator cuff muscles and also abducts the arm at the shoulder. The spine of the scapula separates the supraspinatus muscle from the infraspinatus muscle, which originates below the spine. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Supraspinatus_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus supraspinatus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Supraspinatus_muscle] synonym: "supraspinatus" EXACT [MA:0002389] xref: EHDAA2:0001967 xref: EHDAA:8319 xref: EMAPA:18182 xref: FMA:9629 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png/200px-Arm_muscles_back_numbers.png xref: MA:0002389 xref: ncithesaurus:Supraspinatus xref: SCTID:181626001 xref: VHOG:0000848 is_a: UBERON:0001482 ! muscle of shoulder relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011187 {source="dbpedia", notes="middle facet of greater tubercle of the humerus"} ! greater tubercle of humerus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006849 {notes="supraspinous fossa of the scapula", source="dbpedia"} ! scapula relationship: part_of UBERON:0003683 {source="Wikipedia"} ! rotator cuff [Term] id: UBERON:0002384 name: connective tissue def: "Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibres and ground substance." [VSAO:0000017] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "Bindegewebe" RELATED [BTO:0000421] synonym: "portion of connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:9640] synonym: "textus connectivus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000098 xref: BTO:0000421 xref: EFO:0000952 xref: FMA:9640 xref: GAID:100 xref: galen:ConnectiveTissue xref: MA:0000011 xref: MAT:0000301 xref: MESH:A.10.165 xref: MIAA:0000301 xref: ncithesaurus:Connective_Tissue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-aBgZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361919005 xref: TAO:0001641 xref: VSAO:0000017 xref: XAO:0001017 xref: ZFA:0001632 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue property_value: external_definition "One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. It is largely a category of exclusion rather than one with a precise definition, but there are certain characteristics shared by all or most tissues in this category, such as involvement in structure and support, derived from mesoderm, and characterized largely by the traits of non-living tissue.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000098", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that consists of mesodermally derived cells and intercellular matrix comprised of protein fibers and carbohydrates, which supports, ensheathes and binds together other tissues.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001641", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000017", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002385 name: muscle tissue def: "Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers[GO]." [GO:0060537, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=2801266&group_id=36855&atid=440764, Wikipedia:Muscle_tissue] comment: Vertebrate muscle is categorized into three major muscle types defined by their structural and functional properties: skeletal, cardiac and smooth. In Dmel the counterparts are somatic, heart/cardiac and visceral. Here we take a cell type based approach. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "muscular tissue" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "portion of muscle tissue" EXACT [FMA:9641] synonym: "textus muscularis" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000306 xref: AEO:0000122 xref: EHDAA2:0003122 xref: FMA:9641 xref: galen:MuscleTissue xref: MA:0002437 xref: MESH:A.02.633 xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Tissue xref: SCTID:91727004 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0003714 ! neural tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000383 ! musculature of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0001015 ! musculature property_value: external_definition "One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Tissue that contains cells with contractile filaments that move past each other and change the size of the cell. Muscle tissue also is separated into three distinct categories.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000306", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003714 [Term] id: UBERON:0002386 name: forelimb zeugopod def: "distal region of the upper limb, between the elbow and the wrist." [Wikipedia:Forearm] comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group. TODO - add distinct term for skeleton and place AAO class here subset: uberon_slim synonym: "antebrachial region" EXACT [] synonym: "antebrachium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Forearm] synonym: "antebrachium" EXACT [VSAO:0005058] synonym: "antebrachium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Forearm] synonym: "antibrachium" EXACT [] synonym: "arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore epipodium" RELATED [] synonym: "forearm" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb epipodium" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb zeugopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [] synonym: "lower arm" EXACT [] synonym: "lower segment of arm" EXACT [] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regio antebrachialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9663, FMA:TA] synonym: "zeugopod of arm" EXACT [] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of forelimb" EXACT [] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001447 xref: EFO:0003053 xref: EHDAA2:0000553 xref: EHDAA:4172 xref: EHDAA:6218 xref: EMAPA:17417 xref: FMA:9663 xref: GAID:55 xref: galen:Forearm xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Veins.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Forearm_labeled.png/200px-Forearm_labeled.png xref: MA:0000034 xref: MESH:A.01.378.800.585 xref: ncithesaurus:Forearm xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjnmpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362741001 xref: VHOG:0000341 xref: VSAO:0005058 is_a: UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod is_a: UBERON:0008785 ! upper limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 {source="MA"} ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb property_value: external_definition "The middle forelimb region. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_Boston_etc.:_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.321, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000341", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000341", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002387 name: pes def: "distal portion of the hind limb, including tarsal region, metatarsal region and digits." [Wikipedia:Foot, Wikipedia:Pes_(anatomy)] comment: Editors note: consider renaming using less human-centric terminology subset: uberon_slim synonym: "autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot" EXACT [MA:0000044] synonym: "hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb autopodium" RELATED [VHOG:0000350] synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:17428, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind-paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:17428] synonym: "hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb autopodium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pes" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "pes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foot] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000476 xref: EFO:0003065 xref: EHDAA2:0000546 xref: EMAPA:17459 xref: FMA:9664 xref: GAID:40 xref: galen:Foot xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Male_Right_Foot_1.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Male_Right_Foot_1.jpg/200px-Male_Right_Foot_1.jpg xref: MA:0000044 xref: MESH:A.01.378.610.250 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi-k5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302545001 xref: VHOG:0000350 is_a: UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region is_a: UBERON:0008784 ! lower limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006871 ! footplate relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0002389 name: manual digit alt_id: UBERON:0000028 def: "Subdivision of the manus demarcated from the manus proper by the skin crease in line with the distal edge of finger webs. Examples: thumb, right middle finger, left little finger [FMA]. A digit found on the hands of humans and other primates used for manipulation and sensation [Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Finger] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:9666] synonym: "digit of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "digitus manus" EXACT [] synonym: "finger" EXACT [FMA:9666] synonym: "fore digit" EXACT [AAO:0000857, XAO:0003036] synonym: "forelimb digit" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit" EXACT [MA:0000041] xref: AAO:0000857 xref: BTO:0004669 xref: EHDAA2:0000404 xref: FMA:9666 xref: GAID:57 xref: galen:Finger xref: MA:0000041 xref: MESH:A.01.378.800.667.430 xref: ncithesaurus:Finger xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090602 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi_f5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:283992002 xref: XAO:0003036 is_a: UBERON:0002544 ! digit is_a: UBERON:0008785 ! upper limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0002544 ! digit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus property_value: external_definition "One of the fingers of the manus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000857", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002390 name: hematopoietic system def: "The tissues concerned in production of the blood, including the bone marrow, liver, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus[BTO]. Anatomical system that consists of the blood and blood forming tissues. The bodily system of organs and tissues, primarily the bone marrow, spleen, tonsils, and lymph nodes, involved in the production of blood[FD]." [BTO:0000570, http://www.thefreedictionary.com/hematopoietic+system, OMD:haematological, Wikipedia:Hematopoietic_system] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "Blutbildungssystem" RELATED [BTO:0000570] synonym: "haematological system" EXACT [] synonym: "haematopoietic system" RELATED [] synonym: "haemopoietic system" EXACT [] synonym: "hematological system" RELATED [] synonym: "hematolymphoid system" RELATED [] synonym: "hemopoietic system" RELATED [] synonym: "organa haemopoietica" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011002 xref: BTO:0000570 xref: EFO:0000798 xref: EV:0100045 xref: FMA:9667 xref: GAID:1008 xref: MA:0002434 xref: MAT:0000022 xref: MESH:A.15.378 xref: MIAA:0000022 xref: ncithesaurus:Hematopoietic_System xref: SCTID:362587009 xref: TAO:0005023 xref: VHOG:0001624 xref: XAO:0000122 xref: ZFA:0005023 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0002405 ! immune system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003061 {evidence="definitional"} ! blood island relationship: part_of UBERON:0002193 ! hemolymphoid system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that consists of the blood and blood forming tissues.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011002", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "Zebrafish developmental hematopoiesis shows close correspondence to the development of the mammalian hematopoietic system and is regulated by conserved molecular pathways.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001624", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.coph.2010.05.004 Ellett F, Lieschke GJ, Zebrafish as a model for vertebrate hematopoiesis. Current Opinion in Pharmacology (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002391 name: lymph def: "Transudate contained in the lumen of lymphatic vessel[FMA]. Lymph is the fluid that is formed when interstitial fluid enters the conduits of the lymphatic system[WP]." [FMA:9671, Wikipedia:Lymph] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lympha" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lymph] xref: BTO:0000855 xref: EFO:0000871 xref: ENVO:02000041 xref: EV:0100049 xref: FMA:9671 xref: GAID:1186 xref: galen:Lymph xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Illu_lymph_capillary.png xref: MA:0002520 xref: MAT:0000055 xref: MESH:A.12.207.630 xref: MIAA:0000055 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvpDOU5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0001590 is_a: UBERON:0000179 ! haemolymphatic fluid relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000913 ! interstitial fluid [Term] id: UBERON:0002392 name: nasolacrimal duct def: "The nasolacrimal duct (sometimes called tear duct) carries tears from the lacrimal sac into the nasal cavity. Excess tears flow through nasolacrimal duct which opens in the nose. This is the reason the nose starts to run when a person is crying or has watery eyes from an allergy, and why one can sometimes taste eye drops. Like the lacrimal sac, the duct is lined by stratified columnar epithelium containing mucus-secreting goblet cells, and is surrounded by connective tissue. Obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct leads to the excess overflow of tears called epiphora. A congenital obstruction can cause cystic expansion of the duct and is called a dacrocystocele or Timo cyst. Persons with dry eye conditions can be fitted with punctal plugs that seal the ducts to limit the amount of fluid drainage and retain moisture. The canal containing the nasolacrimal duct is called the nasolacrimal canal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nasolacrimal_duct] comment: todo - resolve canaliculus vs tear duct vs lacrimal vs nasolacrimal subset: uberon_slim synonym: "d. nasolacrimalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasolacrimal_duct] synonym: "nasolacrimal duct - posterior naris" BROAD [VHOG:0000664] xref: AAO:0000643 xref: EHDAA2:0001237 xref: EHDAA:7849 xref: EHDAA:9094 xref: EMAPA:17853 xref: FMA:9703 xref: GAID:902 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray896.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gray896.png/200px-Gray896.png xref: MA:0001299 xref: MESH:A.09.371.463.640 xref: ncithesaurus:Nasolacrimal_Duct xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6PJy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280643009 xref: VHOG:0000664 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001850 {source="FMA"} ! lacrimal duct property_value: homology_notes "The nasolacrimal duct is probably homologous to the posterior (excurrent) naris of actinopterygian fishes.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000664", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.256", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002393 name: pharyngotympanic tube def: "Organ with organ cavity which connects the cavity of the middle ear to the cavity of the pharynx. Examples: There are only two pharyngotympanic tubes, the right and the left pharyngotympanic tubes.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Eustachian_tube] comment: Editor notes: we follow FMA in making this an organ, but include a separate class for the part that is epithelium, which is equivalent to the EHDAA2 structure. From this we infer the developmental relationship subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auditory tube" EXACT [MA:0000255] synonym: "eustachian tube" RELATED [] synonym: "internal auditory tube" EXACT [] synonym: "tuba auditiva" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9705, FMA:TA] synonym: "tuba auditiva; tuba auditoria; tuba auditivea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Eustachian_tube] synonym: "tuba auditoria" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9705, FMA:TA] synonym: "tuba pharyngotympanica" RELATED LATIN [] xref: AAO:0000146 xref: AAO:0011016 xref: EMAPA:17601 xref: EV:0100359 xref: FMA:9705 xref: GAID:869 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Ear-anatomy-text-small-en.svg xref: MA:0000255 xref: ncithesaurus:Eustachian_Tube xref: VHOG:0001145 xref: XAO:0000213 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010020 {source="UBERON:0010062"} ! tubotympanic recess epithelium relationship: has_part UBERON:0010062 ! pharyngotympanic tube epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000146", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Furrow on the ventral surface of the otic capsule, and occasionally also the parasphenoid, that houses the Eustachian tube.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000146", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "The narrow channel connecting the nasopharynx and the middle ear. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001145", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/auditory+tube"} property_value: homology_notes "The tympanic cavity and auditory tube of an amniote develop from the first embryonic pharyngeal pouch, so they are homologous to the first gill pouch, or spiracle, of a fish. We are uncertain whether this homology strictly applies to the middle ear cavity and auditory tube of lissamphibians, which show certain peculiarities in their development.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001145", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.417", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002394 name: bile duct def: "Duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine." [Wikipedia:Bile_duct, ZFA:0001100] comment: The path is as follows: Bile canaliculi → Canals of Hering → interlobular bile ducts → intrahepatic bile ducts → left and right hepatic ducts merge to form → common hepatic duct exits liver and joins → cystic duct (from gall bladder) forming → common bile duct → joins with pancreatic duct → forming ampulla of Vater → enters duodenum [WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "biliary duct" RELATED [FMA:9706] synonym: "gall duct" RELATED [BTO:0000122] synonym: "hepatic duct" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011019 xref: BTO:0000122 xref: EHDAA2:0000741 xref: EV:0100091 xref: FMA:9706 xref: GAID:280 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png/200px-Digestive_system_showing_bile_duct.png xref: MA:0000354 xref: MESH:A.03.159.183 xref: ncithesaurus:Bile_Duct xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvdCds5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:276157007 xref: VHOG:0000212 xref: XAO:0000134 is_a: UBERON:0003928 ! digestive system duct is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001970 ! bile relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008835 {source="XAO"} ! hepatic diverticulum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 {source="MA"} ! biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0002294 ! biliary system property_value: external_definition "Any of the excretory ducts in the liver that convey bile between the liver and the intestine. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000212", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/bile+duct"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) the amphibian liver has characteristics in common with both fish and terrestrial vertebrates. (...) The histological structure of the liver is similar to that in other vertebrates, with hepatocytes arranged in clusters and cords separated by a meshwork of sinusoids and the presence of the traditional triad of portal venule, hepatic arteriole, and bile duct.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000212", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1053/ax.2000.7133 Crawshaw GJ, Weinkle TK, Clinical and pathological aspects of the amphibian liver. Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002395 name: talus def: "proximal tarsal bone resulting from fusion of intermedium and fibulare." [Wikipedia:Talus_bone] comment: Taxon notes: The talus is apparently derived from the fusion of three separate bones in the feet of primitive amphibians; the tibiale, articulating with tibia, the intermedium, between the bases of the tibia and fibula, and the fourth centrale, lying in the mid-part of the tarsus. These bones are still partially separate in modern amphibians, which therefore do not have a true talus. The talus forms a considerably more flexible joint in mammals than it does in reptiles. This reaches its greatest extent in artiodactyls, where the distal surface of the bone has a smooth keel to allow greater freedom of movement of the foot, and thus increase running speed[WP] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "astragaloid bone" RELATED [BTO:0002354] synonym: "astragalus" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584, MA:000135, Wikipedia:Talus_bone] synonym: "astragalus bone" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Talus_bone] synonym: "os tarsi tibiale" RELATED [BTO:0002354] synonym: "os trigonum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Talus_bone] synonym: "Os trigonum, Astralagus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Talus_bone] xref: BTO:0002354 xref: EMAPA:18503 xref: EMAPA:19135 xref: FMA:9708 xref: GAID:196 xref: galen:Talus xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Subtalar_Joint.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Subtalar_Joint.PNG/250px-Subtalar_Joint.PNG xref: MA:0001351 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.300.710.780 xref: ncithesaurus:Talus xref: SCTID:182098005 is_a: UBERON:0011679 ! proximal tarsal bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000979 ! tibia property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0011678 [Term] id: UBERON:0002396 name: vomer def: "The vomer is one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull. It is located in the midsagittal line, and articulates with the sphenoid, the ethmoid, the left and right palatine bones, and the left and right maxillary bones. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vomer] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "prevomer" RELATED [TAO:0000308] synonym: "vomer bone" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000633 xref: FMA:9710 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg/200px-Illu_facial_bones.jpg xref: MA:0001496 xref: ncithesaurus:Vomer xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6jKWZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:272678009 xref: TAO:0000308 xref: ZFA:0000308 is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone is_a: UBERON:0012071 ! palate bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001677 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! sphenoid bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001679 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! ethmoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 {source="Kardong", notes="palatal series"} ! palatal part of dermatocranium property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps autopalatine-vomer joint (TAO:0001784)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000308", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps mesethmoid-vomer joint (TAO:0001680)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000308", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_comment "The vomer is paired in some taxa (e.g., Amia) while unpaired in others (e.g., teleosts).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000308", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that underlies the mesethmoid and inserts in a fossa on the anteroventral surface of the parasphenoid.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000308", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Paired, palatal bones of intramembranous origin that lie ventral to the olfactory region and help to floor the nasal capsules.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000633", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002397 name: maxilla def: "The bone which normally forms the lateral upper jaw in osteichthyans, including tetrapods." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryM.html, Wikipedia:Maxilla] comment: Fusion of maxilla + premaxilla subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "maxillae" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "upper jaw bone" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0000285 xref: EHDAA2:0001068 xref: EHDAA:8043 xref: EMAPA:17639 xref: EMAPA:17928 xref: FMA:9711 xref: GAID:220 xref: galen:Maxilla xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Gray189.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gray189.png/200px-Gray189.png xref: MA:0001491 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.502.645 xref: ncithesaurus:Maxilla xref: SCTID:181813003 xref: TAO:0000270 xref: VHOG:0001021 xref: VSAO:0000207 xref: ZFA:0000270 is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0008193 {source="FMA"} ! pneumatized bone is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="VSAO"} ! dermal bone is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002244 ! premaxilla relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010334 {source="EHDAA2"} ! maxillary process mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="facial series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 {source="VHOG"} ! skeleton of upper jaw property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps autopalatine-maxillary joint (TAO:0001942)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000270", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps premaxillary-maxillary joint (TAO:0002260)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000270", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_comment "In some teleosts, the maxilla is located postero-ventral to the supramaxilla. Commonly, the articular process of the maxilla articulates with the autopalatine and ethmoidal region antero-medially. The maxilla is usually the largest bone in the upper jaw assemblage.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000270", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that forms part of the upper jaw, located antero-ventral to the premaxilla. The maxilla is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000270", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG"} property_value: external_definition "Paired, intramembranous bone located on the lateral sides of the skull, posterior to the premaxillae.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000285", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002398 name: manus def: "distal segment of the fore limb, including carpal region, metacarpal region and digits." [Wikipedia:Hand, Wikipedia:Manus_(anatomy)] comment: Usage notes: like all limb segments, this class encompasses both the unformed hand region of the embryo to the fully formed structure complete with skeleton subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fore paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:17428, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore-paw" NARROW SENSU [EMAPA:17428] synonym: "forelimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forelimb autopodium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand" EXACT [MA:0000037] synonym: "hand region" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000728] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010803 xref: BTO:0004668 xref: EHDAA2:0000728 xref: EMAPA:17428 xref: FMA:9712 xref: GAID:56 xref: galen:Hand xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/LeftHand0.jpg xref: MA:0000037 xref: MESH:A.01.378.800.667 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090603 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViGVZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302539009 xref: VHOG:0000344 is_a: UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region is_a: UBERON:0008785 ! upper limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006875 ! handplate relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0002399 name: lesser omentum def: "The lesser omentum (small omentum; gastrohepatic omentum) is the double layer of peritoneum that extends from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the start of the duodenum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lesser_omentum] comment: editor note: exact part of and develops from relationships need to be established subset: uberon_slim synonym: "omentum minus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lesser_omentum] xref: EHDAA2:0000991 xref: EHDAA:4858 xref: EMAPA:17890 xref: EMAPA:18909 xref: EV:0100086 xref: FMA:9715 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Gray984.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gray984.png/200px-Gray984.png xref: MA:0001623 xref: ncithesaurus:Lesser_Omentum xref: SCTID:362712005 xref: VHOG:0000357 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0003688 ! omentum is_a: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005626 {source="Wikipedia"} ! ventral mesogastrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001178 {source="FMA"} ! visceral peritoneum relationship: part_of UBERON:0005626 {source="MA"} ! ventral mesogastrium property_value: external_definition "A membranous extension of the peritoneum from the peritoneal layers covering the ventral and the dorsal surfaces of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum. The lesser omentum extends from the portal fissure of the liver to the diaphragm, where the layers separate to enclose the end of the esophagus. It also forms two ligaments, one associated with the liver, the hepatogastric ligament, and the other, the heptatoduodenal ligament, with the duodenum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000357", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lesser+omentum"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002400 name: parietal pleura def: "Parietal serous membrane which is continuous with the visceral pleura and is attached to the dome of the diaphragm.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Parietal_pleura] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pleura parietalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parietal_pleura] xref: FMA:9733 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray968.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png xref: MA:0002488 xref: ncithesaurus:Parietal_Pleura xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvv2Uq5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361998003 xref: VHOG:0001495 is_a: UBERON:0000977 ! pleura relationship: part_of UBERON:0000977 ! pleura [Term] id: UBERON:0002401 name: visceral pleura def: "Visceral serous membrane which is continuous with the parietal pleura and is attached to the parenchyma of lobe of lung.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Visceral_pleura] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pleura pulmonalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9734, FMA:TA] synonym: "pleura visceralis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Visceral_pleura] synonym: "pleura visceralis (pulmonalis)" EXACT [] synonym: "pulmonary pleura" EXACT [] xref: FMA:9734 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray968.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png xref: MA:0002489 xref: ncithesaurus:Visceral_Pleura xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNFqppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361997008 xref: VHOG:0001496 is_a: UBERON:0000977 ! pleura relationship: part_of UBERON:0000977 ! pleura [Term] id: UBERON:0002402 name: pleural cavity def: "Cavity of serous sac surropunded by the pleura.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Pleural_cavity] comment: Note the EHDAA2 class is not quite equivalent. See https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/86 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cavitas pleurallis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pleural_cavity] xref: BTO:0004422 xref: EHDAA2:0001475 xref: EMAPA:18462 xref: FMA:9740 xref: GAID:95 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Gray965.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Gray965.png/200px-Gray965.png xref: MA:0000055 xref: MESH:A.01.911.800.650 xref: ncithesaurus:Pleural_Cavity xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCKAppwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361999006 xref: VHOG:0000581 is_a: UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen relationship: part_of UBERON:0009778 intersection_of: UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009778 ! pleural sac relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003887 {source="Wikipedia"} ! intraembryonic coelom relationship: part_of UBERON:0009778 ! pleural sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0009778 {source="FMA"} ! pleural sac property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes). Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000581", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.205-206", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002403 name: internal intercostal muscle def: "Intercostal muscles are several groups of muscles that run between the ribs, and help form and move the chest wall. There are three principal layers; the external intercostal muscles, which aid in quiet and forced inhalation. They originate on ribs 1-11 and have their insertion on ribs 2-12. The external intercostals are responsible for the elevation of the ribs, and expanding the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. Located around the ribs the internal intercostal muscles, which aid in forced expiration (quiet expiration is a passive process). They originate on ribs 2-12 and have their insertions on ribs 1-11. The internal intercostals are responsible for the depression of the ribs decreasing the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. the innermost intercostal muscle, the deep layers of the internal intercostal muscles which are separated from them by the neurovascular bundle. Both the external and internal muscles are innervated by the intercostal nerves, and are provided by the intercostal arteries and intercostal veins. Their fibers run in opposite directions. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intercostal_muscle] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intercostal muscle internal layer" RELATED [] synonym: "intercostales internus" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000875 xref: FMA:9757 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Gray411.png/200px-Gray411.png xref: MA:0002326 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Intercostal_Muscle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlj6HZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244890001 xref: VHOG:0000905 is_a: UBERON:0001111 ! intercostal muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010981 {source="EHDAA2"} ! internal intercostal pre-muscle mass property_value: homology_notes "Behind the thorax, the lateral group (of muscles in reptiles and mammals) remains essentially as for amphibians. (It breaks into three sheet-like layers: external oblique muscle, the internal oblique, and the transversus). More anteriorly, however, the ribs, now enlarged, penetrate and alter this group of muscles. The transversus is excluded from the thorax and the external and internal obliques become, respectively, the external and internal intercostal muscles, which contribute to the new function of ventilation of the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000905", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.193", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002404 name: transversus thoracis def: "The tranversus thoracis lies internal to the thoracic cage, anteriorly. It is a thin plane of muscular and tendinous fibers, situated upon the inner surface of the front wall of the chest. It is in the same layer as the subcostal muscles. It arises on either side from the lower third of the posterior surface of the body of the sternum, from the posterior surface of the xiphoid process, and from the sternal ends of the costal cartilages of the lower three or four true ribs. Its fibers diverge upward and lateralward, to be inserted by slips into the lower borders and inner surfaces of the costal cartilages of the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth ribs. The lowest fibers of this muscle are horizontal in their direction, and are continuous with those of the Transversus abdominis; the intermediate fibers are oblique, while the highest are almost vertical. This muscle varies in its attachments, not only in different subjects, but on opposite sides of the same subject. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Transversus_thoracis] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:19267 xref: FMA:9760 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Transversus_thoracis.png/200px-Transversus_thoracis.png xref: MA:0002397 xref: ncithesaurus:Transversus_Thoracis xref: SCTID:244933000 is_a: UBERON:0002426 ! chest muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0002405 name: immune system def: "Anatomical system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies." [NLM:immune+system, Wikipedia:Immune_system] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: AAO:0011003 xref: BILA:0000104 xref: FMA:9825 xref: GAID:328 xref: MA:0002711 xref: MESH:A.15.382 xref: ncithesaurus:Immune_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWNkm5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362590003 xref: TAO:0001159 xref: VHOG:0001247 xref: XAO:0003152 xref: ZFA:0001159 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system property_value: homology_notes "The antibody-based immune system defined by the presence of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), T cell receptor (TCR), B cell receptor (BCR) or recombination activating genes (RAGs) is known beginning from jawed fishes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001247", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:21046016 Dzik JM, The ancestry and cumulative evolution of immune reactions. Acta biochimica Polonica (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002406 name: pericardial sac def: "Serous sac, which has as parts the serous pericardium and the pericardial cavity [FMA]." [FMA:9868] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pericardium" RELATED [] xref: FMA:9868 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Gray489.png/200px-Gray489.png xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001443 xref: SCTID:361326002 xref: TAO:0000054 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005906 ! serous sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002359 {source="FMA"} ! fibrous pericardium [Term] id: UBERON:0002407 name: pericardium def: "The outer membrane/wall of the developing heart, surrounding the myocardium. Peritoneum that surrounds the heart.[AAO]" [AAO:0010817, Wikipedia:Pericardium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: AAO:0010817 xref: BTO:0000717 xref: EFO:0000820 xref: EHDAA:5376 xref: EMAPA:17174 xref: EV:0100023 xref: FMA:9869 xref: GAID:569 xref: galen:Pericardium xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Gray489.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Gray489.png/200px-Gray489.png xref: MA:0000099 xref: MAT:0000454 xref: MESH:A.07.541.795 xref: ncithesaurus:Pericardium xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvoCLgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001443 xref: SCTID:181295003 xref: TAO:0000054 xref: VHOG:0001280 xref: XAO:0004182 xref: ZFA:0000054 is_a: UBERON:0000483 {source="GO"} ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004457 ! cavity lining is_a: UBERON:0005983 ! heart layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 {source="XAO"} ! heart property_value: external_definition "Peritoneum that surrounds the heart.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010817", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:JMG"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002408 name: parietal serous pericardium def: "Parietal serous membrane which is continuous with the visceral serous pericardium and is attached to the central tendon of diaphragm.[FMA]" [FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Parietal_pericardium] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lamina parietalis (pericardii serosum)" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina parietalis pericardii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9870, FMA:TA] synonym: "parietal layer of serous pericardium" EXACT [] synonym: "parietal pericardium" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA:3422 xref: EHDAA:5378 xref: EMAPA:17175 xref: EMAPA:19031 xref: FMA:9870 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Gray489.png/200px-Gray489.png xref: MA:0000483 xref: ncithesaurus:Parietal_Pericardium xref: SCTID:243956000 xref: VHOG:0000537 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane is_a: UBERON:0005983 ! heart layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium [Term] id: UBERON:0002409 name: pericardial fluid def: "Transudate contained in the pericardial cavity.[FMA]" [FMA:9887, Wikipedia:Pericardial_fluid] subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001016 xref: FMA:9887 xref: MA:0002530 is_a: UBERON:0007794 {source="FMA"} ! serous fluid relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002425 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0002425 ! visceral serous pericardium relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002425 ! visceral serous pericardium [Term] id: UBERON:0002410 name: autonomic nervous system def: "The autonomic nervous system is composed of neurons that are not under conscious control, and is comprised of two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g. of the gut), and glands[GO]." [Wikipedia:Autonomic_nervous_system] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ANS" RELATED [] synonym: "divisio autonomica systematis nervosi peripherici" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Autonomic_nervous_system] synonym: "visceral nervous system" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000033 xref: BTO:0002507 xref: EHDA:10095 xref: EHDAA:3767 xref: EMAPA:16984 xref: FMA:9905 xref: GAID:706 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Gray839.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Gray839.png/200px-Gray839.png xref: MA:0000219 xref: MESH:A.08.800.050 xref: ncithesaurus:Autonomic_Nervous_System xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1123 xref: SCTID:362481007 xref: TAO:0001574 xref: VHOG:0000396 xref: ZFA:0001574 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011216 {source="cjm"} ! organ system subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system property_value: external_definition "Nervous system including a portion of the central and peripheral systems and presiding over the control and coordination of the vegetative functions of the organism. It innervates smooth and cardiac muscles and glandular tissues and is responsible for many actions which are more or less automatic (e.g. secretion, vasoconstriction etc.). It consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000396", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the peripheral nervous system which regulates involuntary functions of the body and consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000033", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "From comparative analyses of craniate brains, a morphotype of the brain in the earliest craniate stock can be constructed. In marked contrast to cephalochordates, the ancestral craniate morphotype had a plethora of unique features, which included a telencephalon with pallial and subpallial parts, paired olfactory bulbs with substantial projections to most or all of the telencephalic pallium, paired lateral eyes and ears, a lateral line system for both electroreception and mechanoreception, spinal cord dorsal root ganglia, and an autonomic nervous system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000396", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/1097-0185(20000615)261:3<111::AID-AR6>3.0.CO;2-F Butler AB, Chordate evolution and the origin of craniates: An old brain in a new head. AnaT Rec (New Anat) (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002411 name: clitoris def: "The clitoris is a sexual organ that is present only in female mammals. In humans, the visible button-like portion is located near the anterior junction of the labia minora, above the opening of the urethra and vagina. Unlike the penis, which is homologous to the clitoris, the clitoris does not contain the distal portion of the urethra. The only known exception to this is in the Spotted Hyena. In this species, the urogenital system is unique in that the female urinates, mates and gives birth via an enlarged, erectile clitoris, known as a pseudo-penis. In humans, the clitoris is the most sensitive erogenous zone of a woman, the stimulation of which may produce sexual excitement and clitoral erection; its continuing stimulation may produce sexual pleasure in the woman and orgasm. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Clitoris] subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0002020 xref: EHDAA2:0000255 xref: EHDAA:9360 xref: EMAPA:30819 xref: FMA:9909 xref: GAID:385 xref: galen:Clitoris xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Clitoris_anatomy_labeled-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Clitoris_anatomy_labeled-en.svg/200px-Clitoris_anatomy_labeled-en.svg.png xref: MA:0000382 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.887.436 xref: ncithesaurus:Clitoris xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjr6ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181442003 xref: VHOG:0000700 is_a: UBERON:0000062 {source="Wikipedia"} ! organ is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005876 {source="EHDAA2", source="Wikipedia"} ! undifferentiated genital tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000997 {source="MA"} ! mammalian vulva [Term] id: UBERON:0002412 name: vertebra def: "Irregular bone that articulates with other vertebrae, or with one other vertebra and the skull or the sacrum[FMA]. All serially repeated ossified, cartilaginous, and ligamentous elements around the notochord (Schultze and Arratia, 1988)[ZFA]." [FMA:9914, Wikipedia:Vertebra, ZFIN:curator] comment: Editor notes: Consider changing name to make distinction from inferred superclass 'vertebral element' clear // note we follow FMA in making this an irregular bone - however vertebra have epiphyses which are currently classified as belonging to long bones subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "vertebra bone" EXACT [] synonym: "vertebrae" EXACT PLURAL [PHENOSCAPE:ad] xref: AAO:0000691 xref: EFO:0001371 xref: FMA:9914 xref: galen:Vertebra xref: MA:0000309 xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebra xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvt2Dh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181817002 xref: TAO:0001189 xref: VHOG:0001143 xref: XAO:0004019 xref: ZFA:0001189 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone is_a: UBERON:0010913 ! vertebral element relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011094 ! vertebra cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001189", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Main component of the vertebral column. It consists of two essential parts, a dorsal neural arch and a ventral centrum.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000691", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008"} property_value: homology_notes "In contrast to lampreys and jawed vertebrates, hagfishes were thought to lack vertebrae. Now, long overlooked vertebral rudiments have been analysed in hagfish, suggesting that vertebrae existed in the last common ancestor of all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001143", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2011.07.014 Janvier P, Comparative anatomy: all vertebrates do have vertebrae. Current Biology (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002413 name: cervical vertebra def: "A vertebra immediately inferior to the skull[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_vertebrae] comment: In some species, some parts of the skull may be composed of vertebra-like elements, e.g. the occipital bone in humans is composed of four vertebra-like segments. In many vertebrate species, cervical vertebrae are variable in number; however, almost all mammals have seven (including those with very short necks relative to body size, such as elephants or whales, and those with very long necks, such as giraffes). The few exceptions include the manatee and the sloths, of which the two-toed sloth has six cervical vertebrae and the three-toed sloth has up to nine cervical vertebrae. In many species, though not in mammals, the cervical vertebrae bear ribs. In many other groups, such as lizards and saurischian dinosaurs, the cervical ribs are large; in birds they are small and completely fused to the vertebrae. The transverse processes of mammals are homologous to the cervical ribs of other amniotes. Thoracic vertebrae in all species are defined as those vertebrae which also carry a pair of ribs, and lie caudal to the cervical vertebrae. n humans, cervical vertebrae are the smallest of the true vertebrae, and can be readily distinguished from those of the thoracic or lumbar regions by the presence of a foramen (hole) in each transverse process, through which passes the vertebral artery. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cervical vertebrae" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "vertebrae cervicales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cervical_vertebrae] xref: EMAPA:17674 xref: FMA:9915 xref: GAID:235 xref: galen:CervicalVertebra xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Illu_vertebral_column.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Illu_vertebral_column.jpg/200px-Illu_vertebral_column.jpg xref: MA:0000311 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.834.151 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181820005 xref: XAO:0003076 is_a: UBERON:0003458 ! neck bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone is_a: UBERON:0004451 ! trunk or cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0006072 intersection_of: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0002414 name: lumbar vertebra def: "Large vertebra of the movable part of the vertebral column, characterized by the absence of the foramen transversarium within the transverse process, and by the absence of facets on the sides of the body." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_vertebrae] comment: Whereas all rats had six lumbar vertebrae, variable patterns in mice included mostly five vertebrae in DBA/2J, mostly six vertebrae in C57BL/6J, and a mix in B6129PF2/J - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700063/ subset: uberon_slim xref: EMAPA:18007 xref: FMA:9921 xref: GAID:240 xref: galen:LumbarVertebra xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Gray93.png/200px-Gray93.png xref: MA:0000312 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.834.519 xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Vertebra xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvaOek5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181822002 is_a: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra is_a: UBERON:0003828 ! abdominal segment bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006074 intersection_of: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0002415 name: tail def: "section at the rear end of an animal's body; in general, the term refers to a distinct, flexible appendage to the torso[WP]." [ISBN:0471209627, OMD:tail, Wikipedia:Tail, ZFIN:curator] comment: Editor notes: Note we also have a subclass post-anal tail, for the chordate specific structure. currently defined very generally, inclusive of caudal fin subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim synonym: "caudal subdivision" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: AEO:0000109 xref: BILA:0000117 xref: BTO:0001348 xref: EFO:0000963 xref: EHDAA:9198 xref: GAID:1245 xref: MAT:0000094 xref: MESH:A.13.895 xref: MIAA:0000094 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjiC5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: WBbt:0005741 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body [Term] id: UBERON:0002416 name: integumental system def: "organ system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its adnexa (including hair, scales, and nails). The integumentary system has a variety of functions; it may serve to waterproof, cushion and protect the deeper tissues, excrete wastes, regulate temperature and is the location of receptors for pain, sensation, pressure and temperature. In humans the integumentary system additionally provides vitamin D synthesis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Integumentary_system] comment: in FMA, integumentary system = integument + certain glands. Note that here we use integumental system in a general sense, covering a variety of metazoans subset: grouping_class synonym: "dermal system" RELATED [MIAA:0000033] synonym: "integumentary system" EXACT [FMA:72979] synonym: "integumentum commune" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Integumentary_system] xref: EFO:0000807 xref: EHDAA2:0000836 xref: EHDAA:6520 xref: EMAPA:17524 xref: EV:0100151 xref: FBbt:00004969 xref: FMA:72979 xref: HAO:0000421 xref: MA:0000014 xref: MAT:0000033 xref: MESH:A.17 xref: MIAA:0000033 xref: ncithesaurus:Integumentary_System xref: SCTID:361692004 xref: TADS:0000108 xref: VHOG:0000403 xref: XAO:0000176 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system property_value: homology_notes " (...) the integument of many tetrapods is reinforced by a morphologically and structurally diverse assemblage of skeletal elements. These elements are widely understood to be derivatives of the once all-encompassing dermal skeleton of stem-gnathostomes (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000403", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01043.x Vickaryous MK, Sire JY, The integumentary skeleton of tetrapods: origin, evolution, and development. J Anat (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002417 name: abdominal segment of trunk def: "the abdominal segment of the torso." [Wikipedia:Lumbar] synonym: "abdomen/pelvis/perineum" RELATED [MA:0000021] synonym: "lower body" RELATED [MA:0000021] synonym: "lumbar region" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:259211 xref: MA:0000021 xref: SCTID:362875007 is_a: UBERON:0009569 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of trunk is_a: UBERON:0011676 ! axial subdivision of organism [Term] id: UBERON:0002418 name: cartilage tissue def: "Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts[VSAO]." [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=2257941&aid=3396584&group_id=76834, VSAO:0000040, Wikipedia:Cartilage] comment: Previous: "A portion of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate[GO]. Regular connective tissue, which consists of chondrocytes and related cells, the intercellular matrix of which is chondrified. Examples: hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage[FMA]. an avascular supporting and articular skeletal tissue. It also functions as the primary endoskeletal support in vertebrate embryos. Cartilage is deposited by and is composed of chondroblasts and chondrocytes separated by an extracellular matrix, which may or may not mineralize depending on cartilage type, age, or taxon[Hall and Witten]." See also FMA:71500 Set of cartilages, FMA:55107 Cartilage organ, FMA:12264 Articular cartilage. // elements made from cartilage, cartilage-like, or chondroid tissues evolved in invertebrates[H&W] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cartilage tissue" EXACT [FMA:37377] synonym: "cartilages" RELATED [VHOG:0001207] synonym: "cartilaginous tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "chondrogenic tissue" EXACT [VSAO:0000040] xref: AAO:0000060 xref: AEO:0000087 xref: BTO:0000206 xref: EFO:0000949 xref: EHDAA2:0003087 xref: EV:0100141 xref: FMA:37377 xref: GAID:99 xref: galen:Cartilage xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Hypertrophic_Zone_of_Epiphyseal_Plate.jpg xref: MA:0000104 xref: MAT:0000189 xref: MESH:A.02.165 xref: MIAA:0000189 xref: ncithesaurus:Cartilage xref: ncithesaurus:Cartilagenous_Tissue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjeOZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:309312004 xref: TAO:0001501 xref: VHOG:0001207 xref: VSAO:0000040 xref: XAO:0000170 xref: ZFA:0005622 is_a: UBERON:0004755 ! skeletal tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass specialized connective tissue (AAO:0000571)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000060", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "A type of dense connective tissue. It is composed of cells called chondrocytes which are dispersed in a firm gel-like ground substance, called the matrix. Cartilage is avascular (contains no blood vessels) and nutrients are diffused through the matrix. Cartilage is found in the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, in the throat and between intervertebral disks. It makes up virtually the entire skeleton in chondrichthyes.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000060", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue which is connective tissue composed of collagen and/or elastin fibers and chondrocytes. Cartilage is avascular and provides both skeletal functions and a framework upon which bone is deposited.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001501", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000040", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: homology_notes "Phylogenetic analysis suggests that cartilage arose independently in cnidarians, hemichordates, vertebrates, arthropods, annelids, brachiopods, and molluscs - or a common ancestor of brachiopods and molluscs (...). Analyses of cartilage as a tissue and of the development of invertebrate cartilages are consistent with homology between invertebrate and vertebrate cartilage. From the discussion above, it will be clear that understanding genetic changes underlying cartilage evolution is key to determining whether the multiple origins of cartilage represent parallel evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001207", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1525-142X.2011.00520.x Hall BK, Parallelism, deep homology, and evo-devo. Evolution and Development (2012)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002419 name: skin gland def: "A gland that is part of a skin of body [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: check FMA, use plural for now as general class not there subset: organ_slim synonym: "glandulae cutis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71878, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of skin glands" RELATED [FMA:71878] synonym: "skin glands" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "skin glands set" RELATED PLURAL [] xref: FMA:71878 xref: MA:0000146 is_a: UBERON:0003297 ! gland of integumental system is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body [Term] id: UBERON:0002420 name: basal ganglion def: "one of a group of nuclei in the brains of vertebrates, situated at the base of the forebrain and strongly connected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus and other areas.ganglion in the head. The main components of the basal ganglia are the striatum, pallidum, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus[WP]. Subcortical masses of gray matter in the forebrain and midbrain that are richly interconnected and so viewed as a functional system. The nuclei usually included are the caudate nucleus (caudoputamen in rodents), putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra (pars compacta and pars reticulata) and the subthalamic nucleus. Some also include the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum[NIF]." [Wikipedia:Basal_ganglia] comment: Editor note: it is necessary to introduce two classes, one representing an individual basal ganglion, another representing the aggregate structure, in order to have consistent classification amongst AOs (e.g. in MA the aygdala is part of the BG, in FMA and BTO it is a subclass). Apart from achieving this consistency, the value of having two distinct classes is questionable, since the BG-plural is trivially the set of all BGs-singular. it would be better for all AOs to decide on one single way of doing this. Do not merge until this is done. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "basal ganglia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "basal ganglion of telencephalon" EXACT [] synonym: "basal nucleus" RELATED [MA:0000184] synonym: "nuclei basales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basal_ganglia] xref: BTO:0000235 xref: EFO:0000904 xref: FMA:62514 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg/200px-Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg.png xref: SCTID:244434001 is_a: UBERON:0007245 {source="FMA"} ! nuclear complex of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0010011 ! collection of basal ganglia [Term] id: UBERON:0002421 name: hippocampal formation def: "Hippocampus (proper) plus dentate gyrus and subiculum[definition derived from NIF comments and ontology alignment]." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Usage notes: The term hippocampus is often used synonymously with hippocampal formation which consists of the hippocampus proper or Cornu Ammonis, the dentate gyrus and the subiculum[NIF]. BTO:0000601 is placed here since it includes the DG. GO also includes dentate gyrus development as part of hippocampus development, so we assume when GO says "hippocampus" it means "hippocampal formation". In ABA HPF = (.. subiculum) + HIP, HIP = DG + AH. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "archipallium" RELATED [MA:0000189] synonym: "hippocampus" NARROW [BTO:0000601, GO:0021766] synonym: "hippocampus (crosby)" EXACT [] synonym: "major hippocampus" RELATED [BTO:0000601] synonym: "primal cortex" RELATED [MA:0000189] xref: ABA:HPF xref: BM:Tel-HF xref: BTO:0000601 xref: FMA:74038 xref: MA:0000189 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_715 xref: SCTID:422867004 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000203 {source="ISBN10:0471888893", source="GO"} ! pallium property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001950 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002264 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002422 name: fourth ventricle def: "The fourth ventricle is an irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space[GO]." [Wikipedia:Fourth_ventricle] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "4th ventricle" RELATED [MA:0000196] synonym: "hindbrain ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000006] synonym: "IVth ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000006] synonym: "rhombencephalic ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000006] synonym: "rhombencephalic vesicle" EXACT [ZFA:0000110] synonym: "ventricle IV" EXACT [ZFA:0000110] synonym: "ventricle of hindbrain" RELATED [BTO:0003426] synonym: "ventricle of rhombencephalon" RELATED [BTO:0003426] synonym: "ventriculus quartus" RELATED [BTO:0003426] synonym: "ventriculus quartus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fourth_ventricle] xref: AAO:0011043 xref: BM:Pons-4V xref: BTO:0003426 xref: EHDAA2:0000100 xref: EHDAA:896 xref: EMAPA:16479 xref: EMAPA:16917 xref: EV:0100310 xref: FMA:78469 xref: GAID:610 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png xref: MA:0000196 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.276.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Fourth_Ventricle_of_the_Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1256 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv-7Q6pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180932000 xref: TAO:0000110 xref: VHOG:0000006 xref: XAO:0003099 xref: ZFA:0000110 is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: external_definition "Fluid-filled brain cavity. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000110", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011043", ontology="AAO", source="UBERON:0002422"} property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000006", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002423 name: hepatobiliary system def: "The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for metabolic and catabolic processing of small molecules absorbed from the blood or gut, hormones and serum proteins, detoxification, storage of glycogen, triglycerides, metals and lipid soluble vitamins and excretion of bile. Included are the synthesis of albumin, blood coagulation factors, complement, and specific binding proteins. The parts are: liver, bile duct, gall bladder and hepatic duct" [GO:0061008, Wikipedia:Hepatobiliary_system] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "hepaticobiliary system" EXACT [GO:0061008] synonym: "liver and biliary system" EXACT [] synonym: "liver/biliary system" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011056 xref: EFO:0000800 xref: EHDAA2:0000998 xref: EHDAA:2189 xref: EMAPA:16840 xref: EV:0100088 xref: MA:0000324 xref: MAT:0000024 xref: MIAA:0000024 xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatobiliary_System xref: TAO:0000036 xref: VHOG:0000294 xref: XAO:0000132 xref: ZFA:0000036 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system disjoint_from: UBERON:0004456 ! entire sense organ system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system [Term] id: UBERON:0002424 name: oral epithelium def: "The epithelium that lines the oral cavity. The oral epithelium epithelial cells with many short microvilli as well as mucous cells, rodlet cells and taste buds." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060921-12, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-091204-24] comment: Editor note: consider including separate class for developmental structure. Development notes: the avian oral epithelium has the developmental capacity to initiate tooth developmental programs with underlying grafts of non-avian oral ectomesenchyme [PMID:16488870] subset: vertebrate_core xref: AAO:0010357 xref: BTO:0001775 xref: EHDAA2:0001325 xref: EHDAA:2187 xref: EMAPA:16839 xref: EMAPA:26942 xref: MA:0000344 xref: ncithesaurus:Oral_Cavity_Epithelium xref: TAO:0000816 xref: VHOG:0000187 xref: XAO:0003201 xref: ZFA:0000816 is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000167 {source="AAO-modified"} ! oral cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0002425 name: visceral serous pericardium def: "Visceral serous membrane which is continuous with the parietal serous pericardium and is attached to the myocardium[FMA]." [Wikipedia:Visceral_pericardium] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epicardium" RELATED [MA:0000484] synonym: "lamina visceralis pericardii serosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epicardium] synonym: "serous visceral pericardium" EXACT [] synonym: "visceral lamina of serous pericardium" EXACT [] synonym: "visceral layer of serous pericardium" EXACT [] synonym: "visceral pericardium" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17176 xref: EMAPA:19032 xref: FMA:84882 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gray968.png/200px-Gray968.png xref: MA:0000484 xref: SCTID:243955001 xref: VHOG:0000538 is_a: UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium [Term] id: UBERON:0002426 name: chest muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a chest [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior thoracic region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "front of thorax muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of thorax" EXACT [FMA:9619] synonym: "muscle organ of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "musculus thoracicus" EXACT [] synonym: "thoracic muscle" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000508 xref: FMA:9619 xref: MA:0000548 is_a: UBERON:0003830 ! thoracic segment muscle is_a: UBERON:0005175 ! chest organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0002427 name: arm skin def: "A zone of skin that is part of an arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18062 xref: FMA:37721 xref: MA:0000596 xref: ncithesaurus:Arm_Skin is_a: UBERON:0003531 ! forelimb skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0002428 name: limb bone def: "A bone that is part of a limb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: AO notes: NCITA includes clavicle. MA:'limb bone' is actually a bone of limb or girdle // Note that the formal definition is very inclusive, and includes sesamoids synonym: "bone of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "free limb bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] xref: EFO:0000880 xref: EFO:0000945 xref: MAT:0000151 xref: MIAA:0000151 xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_of_the_Extremity is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0004375 ! bone of free limb or fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010881 ! limb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0002429 name: cervical lymph node def: "Cervical lymph nodes are lymph nodes found in the neck. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_lymph_node] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lymph node of neck" EXACT [] xref: FMA:61213 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Lymph_node_regions.jpg/200px-Lymph_node_regions.jpg xref: MA:0000736 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:181757009 is_a: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 intersection_of: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0002430 name: lateral hypothalamic area def: "The lateral hypothalamus or lateral hypothalamic area is a part of the hypothalamus. It is concerned with hunger. Damage to this area can cause reduced food intake. Stimulating the lateral hypothalamus causes a desire to eat, while stimulating the ventromedial hypothalamus causes a desire to stop eating. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_hypothalamic_area] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "area hypothalamica lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62030, FMA:TA] synonym: "lateral division of hypothalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral group of hypothalamic nuclei" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral hypothalamic group" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral hypothalamic nucleus" RELATED [MA:0000834] synonym: "lateral hypothalamic region" EXACT [FMA:62030] synonym: "lateral hypothalamic zone (crosby)" EXACT [] xref: ABA:LHA xref: BM:Die-Hy-HLA xref: FMA:62030 xref: GAID:640 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MA:0000834 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.300 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4037 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002273 ! lateral zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001906 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001907 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001931 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001933 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002431 name: obsolete pars anterior is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0006965 [Term] id: UBERON:0002432 name: pars intermedia of adenohypophysis def: "boundary between the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary. It contains three types of cells: basophils, chromophobes, and colloid-filled cysts. The cysts are the remainder of Rathke's pouch. In human fetal life, this area produces melanocyte stimulating hormone or MSH which causes the release of melanin pigment in skin melanocytes (pigment cells). However, the pars intermedia is normally either very small or entirely absent in adulthood. In lower vertebrates (fish, amphibians) MSH from the pars intermedia is responsible for darkening of the skin, often in response to changes in background color. This color change is due to MSH stimulating the dispersion of melanin pigment in dermal (skin) melanophore cells." [Wikipedia:Pars_intermedia] comment: The intermediate part of adenohypophysis: an ill-defined region between the two lobes of the hypophysis; some systems of nomenclature consider it part of the neurohypophysis. In humans a defined structure develops during embryogenesis, but only scattered cells are retained when the gland matures[BTO]. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intermediate lobe" RELATED [BTO:0001788] synonym: "intermediate lobe of adenohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate lobe of pituitary" EXACT [] synonym: "pars intermedia" EXACT [MA:0000855] synonym: "pars intermedia (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74632, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars intermedia adenohypophyseos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pars_intermedia] synonym: "pars intermedia adenohypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001788] synonym: "pars intermedia adenohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74632, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars intermedia lobi anterior hypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001788] synonym: "pars intermedia of anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74632] xref: BTO:0001788 xref: EHDAA2:0001417 xref: EHDAA:8765 xref: EMAPA:17516 xref: FMA:74632 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Gray1181.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gray1181.png/200px-Gray1181.png xref: MA:0000855 xref: SCTID:245534008 xref: TAO:0001197 xref: VHOG:0001178 xref: ZFA:0001197 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006377 ! remnant of Rathke's pouch relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 {source="FMA", source="ZFA"} ! adenohypophysis property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001178", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002433 name: pars tuberalis of adenohypophysis def: "The pars tuberalis is part of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, and wraps the pituitary stalk in a highly vascularized sheath. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pars_tuberalis] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pars infundibularis of adenohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74631] synonym: "pars tuberalis" EXACT [MA:0000856] synonym: "pars tuberalis (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74631, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars tuberalis adenohypophyseos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pars_tuberalis] synonym: "pars tuberalis adenohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74631, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars tuberalis of anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74631] xref: BTO:0001739 xref: EHDAA2:0001419 xref: EHDAA:8767 xref: EMAPA:17517 xref: FMA:74631 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG/200px-Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG xref: MA:0000856 xref: TAO:0001196 xref: VHOG:0001114 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis property_value: homologous_to ZFA:0005581 {notes="functional", source="ZFA:0001196"} property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001114", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 {source="ZFA:0001196"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002434 name: pituitary stalk alt_id: UBERON:0003014 def: "The pituitary stalk (also known as the infundibular stalk or simply the infundibulum) is the connection between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary. It carries axons from the magnocellular neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus down to the posterior pituitary where they release their hormones into the blood. This connection is called the hypothalamohypophyseal tract, and is responsible for the release of oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pituitary_stalk] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "hypophyseal stalk" EXACT [MP:0009463] synonym: "hypophysial stalk" RELATED [ZFA:0001199] synonym: "infundibular stem" BROAD [MP:0009463] synonym: "infundibular stem of neurohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74635] synonym: "infundibulum" EXACT [ZFA:0001199] synonym: "infundibulum" EXACT [MA:0000858, ZFA:0001199] synonym: "infundibulum (lobus posterior) (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74635, FMA:TA] synonym: "infundibulum hypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74635, FMA:TA] synonym: "infundibulum neurohypophyseos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pituitary_stalk] synonym: "infundibulum of hypothalamus" RELATED [ZFA:0001199] synonym: "infundibulum of neurohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74635] synonym: "infundibulum of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74635] synonym: "infundibulum of posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74635] synonym: "neurohypophysis infundibulum" EXACT [FMA:74635] synonym: "tuberal part of hypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74635] xref: BTO:0000768 xref: EHDAA2:0000828 xref: EHDAA:7538 xref: EMAPA:17520 xref: FMA:74635 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG xref: MA:0000858 xref: ncithesaurus:Pituitary_Stalk xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_912 xref: SCTID:245529009 xref: TAO:0001199 xref: VHOG:0000245 xref: XAO:0004210 xref: ZFA:0001199 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest disjoint_from: UBERON:0005968 ! infundibulum of hair follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis property_value: external_definition "A short stalk connecting the pituitary with the brain. Axons of secretory cells in the floor of the diencephalon traverse the infundibulum and terminate in the neurohypophysis.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001199", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000245", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002435 name: striatum def: "A region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati.[GO]." [GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Striatum] comment: AO notes: FMA divides striatum of neuraxis into 4, neostriatum is seperate class. In NIF these are synonyms. TODO - check striatum vs corpus striatum see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striatum#History. Check caudoputamen subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus striatum" RELATED [MA:0000891] synonym: "neostriatum" EXACT [GO:0021756, Wikipedia:Striatum] synonym: "neuraxis striatum" EXACT [FMA:83683] synonym: "striate nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021756, Wikipedia:Striatum] synonym: "striatum of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83683] xref: ABA:STR xref: BM:N xref: BTO:0000418 xref: EFO:0000109 xref: EMAPA:17549 xref: FMA:77618 xref: FMA:83683 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/BrainCaudatePutamen.svg/200px-BrainCaudatePutamen.svg.png xref: MA:0000891 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.105.487.550 xref: ncithesaurus:Striatum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1672 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000204 {source="GO"} ! ventral part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000369 {source="BTO"} ! corpus striatum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="NIF"} ! basal ganglion property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006514 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002436 name: primary visual cortex def: "The term area 17 of Brodmann (human) refers to a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined occipital region of cerebral cortex in the human. Defined by the band of Gennari, which gives it the name striate (furrowed) area, it occupies the banks of the calcarine sulcus which are located in the cuneus and the lingual gyrus of the occipital lobe. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded by the area 18 of Brodmann (human) which surrounds it ( Brodmann-1909 ). In the mouse ( Paxinos-2001 ) and the rat ( Swanson-1998 ) it is located on the dorsolateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere[BrainInfo]." [BrainInfo:2102, Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "area 17 of brodmann" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "area 17 of brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1748] synonym: "area striata" RELATED [] synonym: "b09-17" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1748] synonym: "BA17" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 17" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1748] synonym: "Brodmann area 17" EXACT [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "brodmann area 17" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "brodmann area 17, striate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1748] synonym: "calcarine cortex" RELATED [BrainInfo:2102] synonym: "occipital visual neocortex" RELATED [GEO:GSM336648] synonym: "striate cortex" EXACT [FMA:236871] synonym: "V1" RELATED [] synonym: "visual association area" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] synonym: "visual association cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visual_cortex] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-V1 xref: BTO:0004703 xref: FMA:236871 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Brodmann_areas_17_18_19.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Brodmann_areas_17_18_19.png/200px-Brodmann_areas_17_18_19.png xref: MA:0000914 xref: ncithesaurus:Primary_Visual_Cortex xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1748 xref: SCTID:384772005 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002437 name: cerebral white matter def: "White matter is one of the two main solid components of the central nervous system. It is composed of myelinated nerve cell processes, or axons, which connect various grey matter areas (the locations of nerve cell bodies) of the brain to each other and carry nerve impulses between neurons. Cerebral and spinal white matter do not contain dendrites, which can only be found in grey matter along with neural cell bodies and shorter axons (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_711] xref: BTO:0000236 xref: FMA:241998 xref: MA:0000945 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_White_Matter xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_711 xref: SCTID:361691006 is_a: UBERON:0011299 ! white matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002438 name: ventral tegmental nucleus comment: AO notes: ventral and anterior tegmental nucleus are synonyms in FMA, but we split these into seperate classes. This is consistent with MA, ABA and neuronames, which treat these as distinct (NN suggest the anterior is a rodent specific structure). Location notes: this is part of pons and brainstem in MA, but this leads to an inconsistency with ABA. We err on the side of safety, and exclude the relationship to the pons here. subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior tegmental nuclei" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:72435] synonym: "anterior tegmental nucleus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:72435, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=61761] synonym: "deep tegmental nucleus of Gudden" EXACT [FMA:72435] synonym: "nucleus of Gudden" RELATED [MA:0001031] synonym: "nucleus tegmentales anteriores" RELATED [FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus tegmentalis anterior" RELATED [FMA:TA] synonym: "rostral tegmental nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000275] synonym: "ventral raphe tegmental nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72435] synonym: "ventral tegmental nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72435] synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus (gudden)" EXACT [FMA:72435] synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus of gudden" EXACT [FMA:72435] xref: ABA:VTN xref: FMA:72435 xref: MA:0001031 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1421 xref: SCTID:369244006 xref: TAO:0000275 xref: ZFA:0000275 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum disjoint_from: UBERON:0010036 ! anterior tegmental nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002439 name: myenteric nerve plexus def: "plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers and postganglionic autonomic cell bodies lying in the muscular coat of the esophagus, stomach and intestines that communicate with the submucosal, subserosal and enteric plexuses[MP]. Part of the enteric nervous system, Auerbach's plexus (or myenteric plexus) exists between the longitudinal and circular layers of muscularis externa in the gastrointestinal tract and provides motor innervation to both layers and secretomotor innervation to the mucosa, having both parasympathetic and sympathetic input, whereas Meissner's plexus has only parasympathetic fibers. It arises from cells in the Nucleus ala cinerea, the parasympathetic nucleus of origin for the tenth cranial nerve, located in the medulla oblongata. The fibers are carried by both the anterior and posterior vagal nerves. It is found in the muscles of the esophagus, stomach, and intestine. The myenteric plexus is the major nerve supply to the gastrointestinal tract and control GI tract motility[WP]." [MP:0010801, Wikipedia:Auerbach's_plexus] comment: AO notes: note that FMA uses Meissner's plexus as a synonym, rather than separate class subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Auberbach plexus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306] synonym: "Auberbach's plexus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306] synonym: "Auberbachs plexus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306] synonym: "Auerbach's plexus" EXACT [FMA:63252, HP:0002251] synonym: "Meissner's plexus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:63252] synonym: "myenteric plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus myentericus" RELATED [BTO:0002436] synonym: "plexus nervosus submucosus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:63252, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus submucosus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:63252, FMA:TA] synonym: "Remak's plexus" EXACT [FMA:63252] synonym: "submucous plexus" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0002436 xref: FMA:63252 xref: GAID:798 xref: MA:0001148 xref: MESH:A.08.800.050.050.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Myenteric_Nerve_Plexus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100306 xref: SCTID:267716001 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000429 ! enteric plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0002440 name: inferior cervical ganglion def: "The inferior cervical ganglion is situated between the base of the transverse process of the last cervical vertebra and the neck of the first rib, on the medial side of the costocervical artery. Its form is irregular; it is larger in size than the middle cervical ganglion, and is frequently fused with the first thoracic ganglion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_cervical_ganglion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ganglion cervicale inferioris" RELATED [BTO:0000240] synonym: "ganglion cervicale inferius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_cervical_ganglion] synonym: "stellate ganglion" RELATED [MA:0001154] synonym: "variant cervical ganglion" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000240 xref: EHDAA:8939 xref: EMAPA:18439 xref: FMA:6961 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray844.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Gray844.png/200px-Gray844.png xref: MA:0001154 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Cervical_Ganglion xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000815 xref: SCTID:279280008 is_a: UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002441 name: cervicothoracic ganglion def: "The stellate ganglion (or cervicothoracic ganglion) is a sympathetic ganglion formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical ganglion and the first thoracic ganglion. Stellate ganglion is located at the level of C7, anterior to the transverse process of C7, posterior to the neck of the first rib, and just below the subclavian artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cervicothoracic_ganglion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cervicothoracic sympathetic ganglion" EXACT [] synonym: "ganglion stellatum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:6469, FMA:TA] synonym: "stellate ganglion" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001815 xref: EMAPA:18226 xref: FMA:6469 xref: GAID:711 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Gray845.png/200px-Gray845.png xref: MA:0001157 xref: MESH:A.08.340.315.350.800 xref: SCTID:181101006 is_a: UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001991 ! cervical ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002442 name: axillary nerve trunk synonym: "circumflex nerve trunk" RELATED [MA:0001175] synonym: "right axillary neural trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk of right axillary nerve" EXACT [FMA:65265] xref: FMA:65265 xref: MA:0001175 is_a: UBERON:0001147 ! trunk of peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002443 name: choroidal blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a choroid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: cannot find singular in FMA, using Set class synonym: "blood vessel of choroid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of choroid coat" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of choroidea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of posterior uvea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid blood vessels" EXACT [] synonym: "choroid blood vessels set" EXACT [] synonym: "choroid coat blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroidea blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior uvea blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "set of choroid blood vessels" RELATED [FMA:76550] synonym: "vasa sanguinea choroideae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76550, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:17828 xref: FMA:76550 xref: MA:0001237 is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! choroid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! choroid [Term] id: UBERON:0002444 name: lens fiber def: "The lens fibers form the bulk of the lens. They are long, thin, transparent cells, with diameters typically between 4-7 micrometres and lengths of up to 12 mm long." [Wikipedia:Lens_(anatomy)#Lens_fibers] comment: TODO - check plural vs singular. in FMA lens fiber is a cell - FMA:70950 Lens cell. Other ontologies don't appear to commit one way or another. synonym: "fibrae lentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76827, FMA:TA] synonym: "lens fibers" EXACT [] synonym: "lens fibers set" EXACT [] synonym: "lens fibres" EXACT [] synonym: "set of lens fibers" RELATED [FMA:76827] xref: BTO:0000724 xref: EHDAA:4745 xref: EHDAA:9065 xref: EMAPA:17841 xref: FMA:76827 xref: MA:0001304 xref: ncithesaurus:Lens_Fiber xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000979 xref: VHOG:0000444 xref: XAO:0004096 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye property_value: external_definition "Fibres resembling a ribbon and arranged in very thin plates in the lens. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000444", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) the line, or Y, or star sutures common to mammalian lenses, including those of primates. In the case of line or Y sutures, the overlapping of lens fibers in each successive shell is coincident and results in the formation of four or six three-dimensional suture planes that extend from the lens nucleus to the periphery.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000444", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1167/iovs.03-0466 Sivak JG, Through the lens clearly: phylogeny and development, The Proctor lecture. Investigative ophthalmology and visual science (2004)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002445 name: triquetral def: "The triquetral bone (also called triquetrum bone, pyramidal bone, three-cornered bone, and triangular bone) is located in the wrist on the medial side of the proximal row of the carpus between the lunate and pisiform bones. It is on the ulnar side of the hand, but does not articulate with the ulna. It connects with the pisiform, hamate, and lunate bones. It is the 3rd most commonly fractured carpal bone. The triangular bone may be distinguished by its pyramidal shape, and by an oval isolated facet for articulation with the pisiform bone. It is situated at the upper and ulnar side of the carpus. To facilitate its palpation in an exam, the hand must be radially deviated so that the triquetrium moves out from under the ulnar styloid process. The triquetrum may be difficult to find, since it also lies under the pisiform. The etymology derives from the Latin triquetrus which means 'three-cornered'. In reptiles and amphibians, the bone is instead referred to as the ulnare, since (at least in the most primitive fossils) it articulates with the ulna. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Triquetral] comment: AAO: ulnare: One of two element that constitute the basal row of carpals. It articulates with the ulna, radius, radiale, centrale (element Y), and carpal 5(4). This element originates from one condensation center or the fusion of two elements (ulnare and intermedium). Occasionally it may fuse to carpal 5(4), the radiale, or other elements. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuneiform bone of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "cuneiform bone of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "cuneiform of hand" RELATED [MA:0001347] synonym: "os triquetrum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23715, FMA:TA] synonym: "os ulnare" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "triangular" RELATED [MA:0001347] synonym: "triangular bone" EXACT [] synonym: "triquetral bone" EXACT [] synonym: "triquetrum" RELATED [MA:0001347] synonym: "ulnar carpal bone" RELATED [MA:0001347] synonym: "ulnare" EXACT HOMOLOGY [AAO:0000845] xref: AAO:0000845 xref: FMA:23715 xref: galen:Triquetral xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Carpus.png/200px-Carpus.png xref: MA:0001347 xref: ncithesaurus:Triangular_Bone xref: SCTID:181965000 is_a: UBERON:0001480 ! proximal carpal bone property_value: external_definition "One of two element that constitute the basal row of carpals. It articulates with the ulna, radius, radiale, centrale (element Y), and carpal 5(4). This element originates from one condensation center or the fusion of two elements (ulnare and intermedium). Occasionally it may fuse to carpal 5(4), the radiale, or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000845", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002446 name: patella def: "The patella, also known as the knee cap or kneepan, is a thick, circular-triangular bone which articulates with the femur and covers and protects the knee joint. It is the largest sesamoid bone in the human body. It is attached to the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle, which contracts to extend/straighten the knee. The vastus intermedialis muscle is attached to the base of patella. The vastus lateralis and vastus medialis are attached to lateral and medial borders of patella respectively. The patella is stabilized by the insertion of vastus medialis and the prominence of the anterior femoral condyles, which prevent lateral dislocation during flexion. The retinacular fibres of the patella also stabilize it during exercise. The primary functional role of the patella is knee extension. The patella increases the leverage that the tendon can exert on the femur by increasing the angle at which it acts. The patella ossifies between the ages 2-6 years. In some people it may be absent congenitally or hypoplastic. In 2% of the population there is a bipartite patella, which is usually asymptomatic. Direct trauma, however, may produce symptoms that mimic those of a fracture. The patella has convergently evolved in placental mammals and birds; marsupials have only rudimentary, non-ossified patellae. In more primitive tetrapods, including living amphibians and reptiles, the muscle tendons from the upper leg are attached directly to the tibia, and the patella is not present. [WP,unvetted]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=3470151&group_id=76834, Wikipedia:Patella] comment: See also: fabella subset: uberon_slim synonym: "knee bone" RELATED [FMA:24485] synonym: "knee cap" RELATED [Wikipedia:Patella] synonym: "patella" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Patella] xref: FMA:24485 xref: GAID:203 xref: galen:Patella xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Knee_diagram.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Knee_diagram.svg/200px-Knee_diagram.svg.png xref: MA:0001374 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.500.624 xref: ncithesaurus:Patella xref: SCTID:182083008 is_a: UBERON:0001479 {source="FMA"} ! sesamoid bone is_a: UBERON:0005893 ! leg bone is_a: UBERON:0011141 ! appendicular ossicle relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000981 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0000981 ! femur intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee [Term] id: UBERON:0002447 name: palatine gland def: "The palatine glands form a continuous layer on its posterior surface and around the uvula. They are primarily mucous secreting glands, as opposed to serous or mixed secreting glands. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Palatine_gland] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "palatine glands set" EXACT [] synonym: "palatine salivary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "salivary palatine gland" EXACT [] xref: FMA:59795 xref: MA:0001584 xref: ncithesaurus:Palatine_Salivary_Gland xref: SCTID:13604002 is_a: UBERON:0001830 ! minor salivary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0002448 name: fungiform papilla def: "The fungiform papillae are mushroom shaped e (projections) on the tongue. They are located on the top (dorsal) surface of the tongue, scattered throughout the filiform papilla but mainly at the tip and lateral margins of the tongue. They have taste buds on their superior (upper) surface which can distinguish the five tastes: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami. They have a core of connective tissue. They are innervated by the seventh cranial nerve, more specifically via the submandibular ganglion, chorda tympani, and geniculate ganglion ascending to the solitary nucleus (the sensory component of the Vagus nerve in the brainstem). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Fungiform_papilla] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fungiform papilla of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54821] synonym: "fungiform papillae" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "fungiform papillae set" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "papillae fungiformes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fungiform_papilla] xref: EMAPA:18657 xref: FMA:54821 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Gray1014.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Gray1014.png/200px-Gray1014.png xref: MA:0001595 xref: ncithesaurus:Fungiform_Papilla xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4106 xref: SCTID:80673002 is_a: UBERON:0001726 {source="MA"} ! papilla of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0002450 name: decidua def: "Uterine lining (endometrium) during a pregnancy, which forms the maternal part of the placenta. It is formed under the influence of progesterone and forms highly-characteristic cells." [Wikipedia:Decidua] comment: todo - check mp syn subset: uberon_slim synonym: "decidous membrane" EXACT [FMA:85538] synonym: "decidua basalis" RELATED [] synonym: "endometrium" RELATED [] synonym: "maternal decidual layer" RELATED [MP:0004256] synonym: "placenta maternal decidual layer" RELATED [] synonym: "uterine decidua" RELATED [BTO:0001360] xref: BTO:0001360 xref: EMAPA:29917 xref: FMA:85538 xref: GAID:378 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray33.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray33.png/200px-Gray33.png xref: MA:0001722 xref: MAT:0000290 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.679.490.373 xref: MIAA:0000290 xref: ncithesaurus:Decidua xref: SCTID:362842004 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000478 {source="FMA"} ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001987 {source="MA"} ! placenta [Term] id: UBERON:0002451 name: uterine gland def: "tube like gland lined by ciliated columnar epithelium[WP]. The mucous secreting gland associated with the epithelium lining the uterus. These glands develop and secrete each menstrual cycle and are thought to provide initial blastocyst nutrition prior to implantation[BTO]" [Wikipedia:Uterine_glands] comment: todo - check FMA subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim synonym: "glandulae uterinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71647, FMA:TA] synonym: "glandulae uterinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uterine_glands] synonym: "glandular part of endometrium" RELATED [FMA:86488] synonym: "set of uterine glands" RELATED [FMA:71647] synonym: "uterine glands" EXACT [] synonym: "uterine glands set" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003433 xref: BTO:0004518 xref: EMAPA:29919 xref: FMA:71647 xref: FMA:86488 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Gray1169.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gray1169.png/200px-Gray1169.png xref: MA:0001726 xref: ncithesaurus:Uterine_Gland xref: SCTID:361377009 is_a: UBERON:0005398 ! female reproductive gland relationship: has_part UBERON:0007592 {source="Wikipedia"} ! ciliated columnar epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0002453 name: ethmoid sinus def: "The ethmoid sinus, one of the paranasal sinuses, is the collective name for the ethmoidal air cells. Each ethmoid sinus is an air-space enclosed within the ethmoid bone. The ethmoidal air cells consist of numerous thin-walled cavities situated in the ethmoidal labyrinth and completed by the frontal, maxilla, lacrimal, sphenoidal, and palatine bones. They lie between the upper parts of the nasal cavities and the orbits, and are separated from these cavities by thin bony laminæ. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_bone_sinus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cellulae ethmoidales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_sinus] synonym: "ethmoidal sinus" EXACT [FMA:84115] xref: FMA:84115 xref: GAID:356 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Nnh_front.svg/200px-Nnh_front.svg.png xref: MA:0001792 xref: MESH:A.04.531.621.267 xref: ncithesaurus:Ethmoid_Sinus xref: SCTID:181206009 is_a: UBERON:0001825 ! paranasal sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0002454 name: dorsal metacarpal artery def: "Aanastomosis of dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery and the dorsal carpal branch of the ulnar artery near the back of the wrist. It is made up of the dorsal carpal branches of both the ulnar and radial arteries. It also anastomoses with the anterior interosseous artery and the posterior interosseous artery. The arch gives off three dorsal metacarpal arteries." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_metacarpal_artery] comment: check FMA, singular. specific subtypes e.g. FMA:22761 first dorsal metacarpal artery subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteriae metacarpales dorsales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70800, FMA:TA] synonym: "dorsal metacarpal arteries" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal metacarpal arteries set" EXACT [] synonym: "set of dorsal metacarpal arteries" RELATED [FMA:70800] xref: FMA:70800 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray529.png/200px-Gray529.png xref: MA:0001944 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Metacarpal_Artery xref: SCTID:244320002 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0002455 name: common plantar digital arteries def: "." [Wikipedia:Common_plantar_digital_arteries] synonym: "arteriae digitales plantares communes" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70821, FMA:TA] synonym: "arteriae digitales plantares communes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Common_plantar_digital_arteries] synonym: "common plantar digital arteries" EXACT [] synonym: "common plantar digital arteries set" EXACT [FMA:70821] synonym: "set of common plantar digital arteries" RELATED [FMA:70821] xref: FMA:70821 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray555.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gray555.png/200px-Gray555.png xref: MA:0001966 is_a: UBERON:0006138 ! plantar digital artery relationship: has_part UBERON:0001410 ! common palmar digital artery [Term] id: UBERON:0002456 name: internal thoracic artery def: "In human anatomy, the internal thoracic artery (ITA), previously known as the internal mammary artery (a name still common among surgeons), is an artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and the breasts. It is a paired artery, with one running along each side of the sternum, to continue after its bifurcation as the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Internal_thoracic_artery] comment: note MA has both mammary and thoracic subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria thoracica interna, arteria mammaria interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_thoracic_artery] synonym: "internal mammary artery" EXACT ATTRIBUTION_REQUIRED [MA:0001982] synonym: "internal thoracic mammary artery" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000880 xref: EHDAA:8585 xref: EMAPA:18617 xref: FMA:3960 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray522.png xref: MA:0001982 xref: MA:0001984 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Mammary_Artery xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rMe0MIao8EduQrwACs5b6Bw xref: SCTID:244239009 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001533 ! subclavian artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001533 ! subclavian artery [Term] id: UBERON:0002457 name: intersegmental artery subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "7th intersegmental artery" EXACT [] synonym: "seventh intersegmental artery" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000882 xref: EHDAA:4340 xref: EMAPA:17616 xref: MA:0001985 xref: SCTID:338130007 xref: TAO:0001061 xref: VHOG:0000225 xref: ZFA:0001061 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery property_value: homology_notes "Few changes of evolutionary significance occur in the branching pattern of the dorsal aorta. All vertebrates have (...) paired intersegmental arteries to the trunk, tail, and paired appendages.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000225", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.612", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002458 name: spinal artery def: "." [Wikipedia:Spinal_artery] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "spinal arteries" RELATED [ZFA:0000682] xref: EHDAA2:0001890 xref: EHDAA:4355 xref: EMAPA:18241 xref: MA:0002043 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Artery xref: SCTID:244228006 xref: TAO:0000682 xref: ZFA:0000682 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0002459 name: inferior palpebral vein comment: check FMA, singular. synonym: "inferior palpebral veins" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior palpebral veins set" EXACT [] synonym: "lower palpebral vein" RELATED [MA:0002147] synonym: "set of inferior palpebral veins" RELATED [FMA:70847] synonym: "venae palpebrales inferiores" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70847, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:70847 xref: MA:0002147 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Palpebral_Vein xref: SCTID:422559003 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0002460 name: vesical vein def: "The vesical veins are tributaries of the internal iliac veins. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vesical_veins] comment: check FMA, singular. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "set of vesical veins" RELATED [FMA:70911] synonym: "venae vesicales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70911, FMA:TA] synonym: "vesical veins" EXACT [] synonym: "vesical veins set" EXACT [] xref: FMA:70911 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Gray585.png/200px-Gray585.png xref: MA:0002263 xref: SCTID:12683000 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0002461 name: anterior abdominal wall muscle synonym: "muscle of anterior abdominal wall" EXACT [FMA:20278] xref: EHDAA2:0000125 xref: FMA:20278 xref: MA:0002268 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Abdominal_Wall_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0002378 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006635 ! anterior abdominal wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 ! anterior abdominal wall [Term] id: UBERON:0002462 name: erector spinae muscle group def: "A bundle of muscles and tendons that is paired and runs more or less vertically. It extends throughout the lumbar, thoracic and cervical regions, and lies in the groove to the side of the vertebral column." [Wikipedia:Erector_spinae_muscles] comment: AO notes: isa muscle organ in MA. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "erector spinae" EXACT [MA:0002289] synonym: "extensor spinae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Erector_spinae] synonym: "extensor spinae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Erector_spinae] synonym: "extensor spinae muscles" EXACT [Wikipedia:Erector_spinae] synonym: "m. erector spinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Erector_spinae_muscles] synonym: "sacrospinalis" EXACT DEPRECATED [BTO:0001652] xref: BTO:0001652 xref: EHDAA2:0000454 xref: EHDAA:9456 xref: EMAPA:18168 xref: FMA:71302 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Gray1124.png xref: MA:0002289 xref: ncithesaurus:Erector_Spinae xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwC7lnJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244852007 xref: VHOG:0000984 is_a: UBERON:0001015 {source="FMA"} ! musculature is_a: UBERON:0003897 {source="EHDAA2"} ! axial muscle relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010961 {source="EHDAA2"} ! erector spinae pre-muscle mass relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001076 {notes="Spinous processes of T1 and T2 thoracic vertebrae and the cervical vertebrae", source="dbpedia"} ! spinous process of vertebra relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002413 {notes="Spinous processes of T1 and T2 thoracic vertebrae and the cervical vertebrae", source="dbpedia"} ! cervical vertebra relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0006839 {source="dbpedia"} ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002463 name: hamstring muscle def: "In human anatomy, the hamstring refers to one of the three posterior thigh muscles, or to the tendons that make up the borders of the space behind the knee. In modern anatomical contexts, however, they usually refer to the posterior thigh muscles, or the tendons of the semitendinosus, the semimembranosus and the biceps femoris. In quadrupeds, it refers to the single large tendon found behind the knee or comparable area. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hamstring] comment: check FMA, singular. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hamstring" RELATED [VHOG:0000844] synonym: "hamstring muscles" EXACT [] synonym: "hamstring muscles set" EXACT [] synonym: "hamstrings" EXACT [] synonym: "set of hamstring muscles" RELATED [FMA:81022] xref: BTO:0003179 xref: EHDAA2:0000727 xref: EHDAA:8295 xref: EMAPA:19072 xref: EMAPA:19145 xref: FMA:81022 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray1239.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Biceps_femoris_muscle_long_head.PNG/200px-Biceps_femoris_muscle_long_head.PNG xref: MA:0002312 xref: ncithesaurus:Hamstring xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjdtJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VHOG:0000844 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001378 {source="dbpedia"} ! rectus femoris relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000979 {source="dbpedia"} ! tibia relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001446 {source="dbpedia"} ! fibula relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001322 {source="dbpedia", notes="sciatic nerve"} ! sciatic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002464 name: nerve trunk synonym: "trunk of nerve" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000927 xref: EHDAA:4675 xref: EMAPA:16986 xref: FMA:5913 xref: MA:0002408 xref: SCTID:281248001 is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002465 name: lymphoid system alt_id: UBERON:0002096 def: "The lymphatic system in vertebrates is a network of conduits that carry a clear fluid called lymph. It also includes the lymphoid tissue through which the lymph travels. Lymphoid tissue is found in many organs, particularly the lymph nodes, and in the lymphoid follicles associated with the digestive system such as the tonsils. The system also includes all the structures dedicated to the circulation and production of lymphocytes, which includes the spleen, thymus, bone marrow and the lymphoid tissue associated with the digestive system (Wikipedia)." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3153468&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Lymphoid_system] comment: We follow FMA and MA in distinguishing between lymphatic system and lymphoid system, with lymhoid tissue part of the non-lymphatic component, although these terms are often used interchangeably. We assume the ZFA term lymphatic tissue actually corresponds to the broader class (e.g. ZFA lymph node in the ZFA lymphatic system). See tracker for more comments. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lymphatic circulatory system" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "lymphatic system" NARROW [ZFA:0000385] synonym: "systema lymphoideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lymphoid_system] xref: AAO:0010522 xref: EFO:0000870 xref: EHDAA2:0001043 xref: EHDAA:8677 xref: EMAPA:18248 xref: FMA:74594 xref: GAID:931 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/TE-Lymphatic_system_diagram.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Illu_capillary_microcirculation.jpg/200px-Illu_capillary_microcirculation.jpg xref: MA:0002435 xref: MAT:0000197 xref: MIAA:0000197 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphatic_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQAKT5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362589007 xref: TAO:0000385 xref: VHOG:0000842 xref: XAO:0003199 xref: ZFA:0000385 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0002193 ! hemolymphoid system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system which consists of a series of vessels which collect blood (exclusive of erythrocytes) which seep through capillary walls and return it to the veins.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010522", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "Tetrapods have evolved distinct lymphatic systems, in which lymphatic capillaries help drain most of the tissues of the body.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000842", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.627", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002466 name: intestine secretion def: "Clear to pale yellow watery secretions from the glands lining the small intestine walls. Secretion is stimulated by the mechanical pressure of partly digested food in the intestine." [Wikipedia:Succus_entericus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intestinal secretion" EXACT [FMA:62974] synonym: "succus entericus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000644 xref: FMA:62974 xref: GAID:1162 xref: MA:0002515 xref: MESH:A.12.200.390 xref: ncithesaurus:Intestinal_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000160 intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000160 ! intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0002467 name: filiform papilla def: "The filiform papillae are thin, long 'V'-shaped cones that don't contain taste buds but are the most numerous. These papillae are mechanical and not involved in gustation covering most of the dorsum (upper surface). They are small and arranged in lines parallel to the V-shaped row of circumvallate papillae, except at the tip of the tongue where they are aligned transversely. Projecting from their apices are numerous filamentous processes, or secondary papillae. These are of a whitish tint, owing to the thickness and density of the epithelium of which they are composed. This epithelium has undergone a peculiar modification as the cells have become cornified and elongated into dense, imbricated, brush-like processes. They contain also a number of elastic fibers, which render them firmer and more elastic than the papillae of mucous membrane generally. The larger and longer papillae of this group are sometimes termed papillae conicae. Fungiform papillae are found dispersed throughout the filiform papillae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Filiform_papilla] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "filiform papilla of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54820] synonym: "filiform papillae" EXACT [] synonym: "filiform papillae set" EXACT [] synonym: "papillae filiformes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Filiform_papilla] xref: EMAPA:18655 xref: EMAPA:18873 xref: FMA:54820 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Gray1016.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Gray1016.png/200px-Gray1016.png xref: MA:0002678 xref: ncithesaurus:Filiform_Papilla xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4104 xref: SCTID:58743008 is_a: UBERON:0001726 ! papilla of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0002468 name: foliate papilla def: "Taste-buds, the end-organs of the gustatory sense, are scattered over the mucous membrane of the mouth and tongue at irregular intervals. They occur especially in the sides of the vallate papillae. There is a localized area at the side of the base of the tongue, the foliate papillae, in which they are especially abundant. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Foliate_papilla] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "foliate papilla of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54823] synonym: "foliate papillae" EXACT [] synonym: "foliate papillae set" EXACT [] synonym: "papillae foliatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foliate_papilla] xref: FMA:54823 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray1021.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray1021.png/200px-Gray1021.png xref: MA:0002679 xref: ncithesaurus:Foliate_Papilla xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4105 xref: SCTID:362098003 is_a: UBERON:0001726 ! papilla of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0002469 name: esophagus mucosa alt_id: UBERON:0003345 def: "A mucosa that is part of a esophagus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophageal mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "esophagus mucosa" EXACT [FMA:62996] synonym: "esophagus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophagus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophagus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina muscularis mucosae oesophageae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62996, FMA:TA] synonym: "mucosa of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of esophagus" EXACT [] synonym: "mucous membrane of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of oesophagus" EXACT [FMA:62996] synonym: "muscularis mucosae of oesophagus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:62996] synonym: "oesophageal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:62996] synonym: "oesophagus mucosa" EXACT [] synonym: "oesophagus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa esophagi" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica mucosa oesophageae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62996, FMA:TA] synonym: "tunica mucosa oesophagi" EXACT [] synonym: "tunica mucosa oesophagi" RELATED [BTO:0002859] xref: BTO:0002859 xref: EMAPA:26981 xref: EMAPA:26991 xref: FMA:62996 xref: MA:0002680 xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Mucosa xref: SCTID:362127004 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0002470 name: autopod region def: "Terminal segment of free upper limb, immediately distal to the zeugopod region. The fully developed autopod consists of the autopod skeleton plus associated structures such as integument, muscle tissue, vasculature etc. The autopod is divided into mesopodial, metapodiual, and acropodial segments. Examples: human hand, mouse paw, human foot" [UBERON:cjm] comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group; note that this refers to the limb segment, not just the skeleton. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "autopod" BROAD [MA:0002714] synonym: "autopodial limb segment" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "autopodial segment" EXACT [] synonym: "autopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "autopodium region" EXACT [] synonym: "distal free limb segment" EXACT [FMA:83015] synonym: "distal segment of free limb" EXACT [FMA:83015] synonym: "paw" RELATED [] synonym: "pod" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0004359 xref: EFO:0000877 xref: FMA:83015 xref: MA:0002714 xref: MAT:0000091 xref: MIAA:0000091 xref: ncithesaurus:Paw xref: SCTID:95936004 is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010130 {evidence="definitional"} ! autopod plate relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0002471 name: zeugopod def: "The middle part of the limb (e.g. between the elbow and wrist)" [] comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epipodium" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "middle free limb segment" EXACT [FMA:83016] synonym: "middle limb segment" EXACT [] synonym: "middle part of limb" BROAD [] synonym: "middle segment of free limb" RELATED [FMA:83016] synonym: "zeugopod limb segment" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "zeugopodial limb segment" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "zeugopodium" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0000878 xref: FMA:83016 xref: MA:0002716 xref: MAT:0000092 xref: MIAA:0000092 is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment relationship: distal_to UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0002472 name: stylopod def: "Limb segment that is the proximal part of the limb (e.g. between shoulder and elbow)." [] comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group subset: uberon_slim synonym: "propodium" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "proximal free limb segment" EXACT [FMA:83014] synonym: "proximal part of limb" BROAD [] synonym: "proximal segment of free limb" RELATED [FMA:83014] synonym: "stylopodial limb segment" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "stylopodium" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0000879 xref: FMA:83014 xref: MA:0002717 xref: MAT:0000093 xref: MIAA:0000093 is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0002473 name: intercerebral commissure def: "Class of unpaired telencephalic white matter structures consisting of fiber pathways which project across the midsagittal plane and which serve to interconnect telencephalic structures lying within the contralateral cerebral hemisphere[FMA]." [FMA:67930] synonym: "brain commissure" NARROW [] synonym: "interhemispheric commissure" RELATED [MA:0002721] xref: FMA:67930 xref: MA:0002721 is_a: UBERON:0005970 ! brain commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002474 name: cerebellar peduncular complex def: "A composite structure of the brain stem, which in NeuroNames is subdivided into the superior cerebellar peduncle of pons, the decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle and the superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain (MM)[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_970, Wikipedia:Cerebellar_peduncle] comment: todo - this requires work for making consistent with ABA, which strictly separates cerebellum from brainstem. in MA, cerebellar peduncle is part of both brainstem and cerebellar white matter. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebellar peduncles" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellar peduncles and decussations" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_970] synonym: "cerebellar peduncles set" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum peduncles" EXACT [] synonym: "pedunculi cerebellares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77791, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of cerebellar peduncles" RELATED [FMA:77791] xref: FMA:77791 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Peduncle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_970 is_a: UBERON:0002317 {source="NIF"} ! white matter of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002475 name: saphenous nerve def: "The saphenous nerve (long or internal saphenous nerve) is the largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Saphenous_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nervus saphenus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Saphenous_nerve] xref: FMA:45262 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Gray827.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Gray827.png/200px-Gray827.png xref: MA:0002761 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvY0kgpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181079005 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve is_a: UBERON:0003431 ! leg nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001267 ! femoral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002476 name: lateral globus pallidus def: "The lateral globus pallidus (or external, GPe) receives a strong glutamatergic projection from the subthalamic nucleus. The two form a particular system: a coupled pacemaker. The axons of the external globus pallidum go essentially to the subthalamic nucleus. They go also to other elements of the basal ganglia system, the striatum, the substantia nigra pars reticulata, and the internal globus pallidus, where they release the neurotransmitter GABA. GPe is particular in comparison to the other elements of the set by the fact that it does not work as an output base of the basal ganglia (not sending axons to the thalamus) but as the main regulator of the basal ganglia system. It is sometimes used as a target for deep brain stimulation as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_globus_pallidus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "external globus pallidus" EXACT [] synonym: "external pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610] synonym: "external part of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610] synonym: "globus pallidus external segment" EXACT [FMA:61839, MA:0002767, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610] synonym: "globus pallidus externus" EXACT [] synonym: "globus pallidus lateral segment" RELATED [MA:0002767] synonym: "globus pallidus lateralis" EXACT [BTO:0002247] synonym: "globus pallidus, lateral segment" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral pallidal segment" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610] synonym: "lateral part of globus pallidus" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral segment of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610] synonym: "pallidum I" RELATED [BTO:0002247] synonym: "pallidus II" EXACT [FMA:61839] synonym: "pars lateralis globi pallidi medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61839, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:GPe xref: BTO:0002247 xref: EHDAA2:0004462 xref: FMA:61839 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif/200px-Brain_structure.gif xref: MA:0002767 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1610 xref: SCTID:361560008 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002477 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002477 name: medial globus pallidus def: "The medial globus pallidus (or internal, GPi) is one of the output nuclei of the basal ganglia. The GABA-containing neurons send their axons to specific nuclei of the dorsal thalamus (VA and VL), to the centromedian complex and to the pedunculopontine complex. The efferent bundle is constituted first of the ansa and fasciculus lenticularis, then crosses the internal capsule as the Edinger's comb system then arrives at the laterosuperior corner of the subthalamic nucleus and constitutes the Forel's field H2, then H, and suddenly changes its direction to form H1 that goes to the inferior part of the thalamus. The distribution of axonal islands is widespread in the lateral region of the thalamus. The innervation of the central region is done by collaterals. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_globus_pallidus] comment: See also: endopeduncular nucleus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "entopeduncular nucleus" RELATED [MA:0002768] synonym: "entopeduncular nucleus (monakow)" EXACT [] synonym: "globus pallidus inernal segment" RELATED [MA:0002768] synonym: "globus pallidus internal segment" EXACT [] synonym: "globus pallidus internus" EXACT [] synonym: "globus pallidus medial segment" RELATED [MA:0002768] synonym: "globus pallidus medialis" EXACT [BTO:0002248] synonym: "globus pallidus, medial segment" EXACT [] synonym: "internal globus pallidus" EXACT [] synonym: "internal pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555] synonym: "internal part of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555] synonym: "medial pallidal segment" EXACT [] synonym: "medial part of globus pallidus" EXACT [] synonym: "medial segment of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555] synonym: "mesial pallidum" EXACT [] synonym: "pallidum I" RELATED [] synonym: "pallidus I" RELATED [] synonym: "pars medialis globi pallidi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61840, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:GPi xref: BTO:0002248 xref: FMA:61840 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Brain_structure.gif/200px-Brain_structure.gif xref: MA:0002768 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1555 xref: SCTID:361562000 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 {source="MA"} ! globus pallidus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002476 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002478 name: orbitosphenoid def: "One of two thin triangular plates, which arise from the upper and anterior parts of the body, and, projecting lateralward, end in sharp points." [Wikipedia:Lesser_wing_of_sphenoid_bone] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ala minor (os sphenoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52869] synonym: "alæ parvæ" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lesser_wing_of_sphenoid_bone] synonym: "conchosphcénocïde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000253] synonym: "ingrassia's process" EXACT [FMA:52869] synonym: "lesser wing of sphenoid" EXACT [FMA:52869] synonym: "lesser wing of sphenoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002773] synonym: "lesser wing of sphenoidal bone" EXACT [FMA:52869] synonym: "orbito-sphcénocïde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000253] xref: AAO:0000345 xref: EMAPA:18719 xref: FMA:52869 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray145.png xref: MA:0002773 xref: SCTID:361737003 xref: TAO:0000253 xref: VHOG:0001153 xref: ZFA:0000253 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005687 ! orbitosphenoid cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009638 ! orbitosphenoid ossification center relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 {source="FMA"} ! basicranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003111 {source="Kardong"} ! sphenoid region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from taenia marginalis anterior (TAO:0001505)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000253", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps orbitosphenoid-lateral ethmoid joint (TAO:0001941)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000253", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps orbitosphenoid-prootic joint (TAO:0001794)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000253", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps pterosphenoid-orbitosphenoid joint (TAO:0001831)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000253", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000345", ontology="AAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: develops_from neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000253", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000253", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral ossification of the lateral sides of the braincase.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000345", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Large median unpaired cartilage bone consisting of two diverging plates. Positioned medial to the eye. The orbitosphenoid develops from the Trabeculae communis and forms the anterior and anterolateral boundary of the orbital foramen and constitutes a significant part of the sidewalls and floor of the cranial cavity. Bordered by the lateral ethmoid anteriorly, and the pterosphenoid posteriorly, The orbitosphenoid may extend ventrally to meet the parasphenoid. In the adult, the orbitosphenoid is fused ventrally to the parasphenoid via a thin sheet of bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000253", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002479 name: dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus synonym: "dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate body" RELATED [MA:0002775] synonym: "lateral geniculate complex, dorsal part" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus dorsalis corporis geniculati lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62214, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus lateralis pars dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1595] xref: ABA:LGd xref: BM:GLd xref: FMA:62214 xref: MA:0002775 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1595 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001926 ! lateral geniculate body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001927 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002480 name: ventral lateral geniculate nucleus synonym: "corpus geniculatum externum, nucleus accessorius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "corpus geniculatum laterale, pars oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "dorsal_nucleus_of_lateral_geniculate_body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "griseum praegeniculatum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "lateral geniculate complex, ventral part" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral geniculate complex, ventral part (kolliker)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "lateral geniculate nucleus, ventral part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati lateralis, pars ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "nucleus praegeniculatus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "nucleus pregeniculatum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "nucleus pregeniculatus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62215, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus ventralis corporis geniculati lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62215, FMA:TA] synonym: "praegeniculatum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] synonym: "pregeniculate nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral nucleus of lateral geniculate body" RELATED [MA:0002776] synonym: "ventral part of the lateral geniculate complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597] xref: ABA:LGv xref: BM:LGv xref: FMA:62215 xref: MA:0002776 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1597 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001926 ! lateral geniculate body [Term] id: UBERON:0002481 name: bone tissue def: "Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts[VSAO]." [VSAO:0000047, Wikipedia:Bone_tissue] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calcium tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "osseous tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "osteogenic tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator] xref: FMA:224804 xref: galen:BoneTissue xref: MA:0002780 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232 xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_Tissue xref: VSAO:0000047 xref: ZFA:0005621 is_a: UBERON:0004755 {source="VSAO"} ! skeletal tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0005090 ! muscle structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone property_value: external_definition "Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000047", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002482 name: lamellar bone def: "Bone tissue that has a regular parallel alignment of collagen into sheets (lamellae) and is mechanically strong." [Wikipedia:Bone#Woven_or_lamellar] comment: histological classification, lamellar vs woven. Note that only FMA has woven xref: FMA:224806 xref: galen:LamellarBone xref: MA:0002781 is_a: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0002483 name: trabecular bone tissue def: "Cancellous bone, synonymous with trabecular bone or spongy bone, is one of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones. Compared to compact bone, which is the other type of osseous tissue, it has a higher surface area but is less dense, softer, weaker, and less stiff. It typically occupies the interior region of bones. Cancellous bone is highly vascular and frequently contains red bone marrow where hematopoiesis, which is the production of blood cells, occurs. The primary anatomical and functional unit of cancellous bone is the trabecula. Its Latin name is substantia spongiosa or substantia spongiosa ossium. The words cancellous and trabecular refer to the tiny, lattice-shaped that form the tissue. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trabecular_bone] comment: one of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones. Compared to compact bone, which is the other type of osseous tissue, it has a higher surface area but is less dense, softer, weaker, and less stiff. It typically occurs at the ends of long bones, proximal to joints and within the interior of vertebrae. Cancellous bone is highly vascular and frequently contains red bone marrow where hematopoiesis, which is the production of blood cells, occurs. The primary anatomical and functional unit of cancellous bone is the trabecula. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cancellated bone" RELATED [BTO:0001700] synonym: "cancellous bone" EXACT [FMA:24019, MA:0002782] synonym: "cancellous bone tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "spongy bone" EXACT [] synonym: "spongy bone tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "substantia spongiosa" EXACT [Wikipedia:Trabecular_bone] synonym: "substantia spongiosa ossium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Trabecular_bone] synonym: "substantia trabecularis ossium" RELATED [BTO:0001700] synonym: "trabecular bone" EXACT [] synonym: "trabecular substance" RELATED [BTO:0001700] xref: BTO:0001700 xref: FMA:24019 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Illu_compact_spongy_bone.jpg/200px-Illu_compact_spongy_bone.jpg xref: MA:0002782 is_a: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002482 ! lamellar bone [Term] id: UBERON:0002484 name: bone marrow cavity def: "the central cavity of bone shafts where red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue) is stored; hence, the medullary cavity is also known as the marrow cavity. Located in the main shaft (cortical bone) of a long bone (diaphysis) (consisting mostly of compact bone), the medullary cavity has walls composed of spongy bone (cancellous bone) and is lined with a thin, vascular membrane (endosteum)" [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovaryry_cavity] comment: AO notes: not clear if the FMA intends to have two classes. MP:0000065: "the medullary cavities of the bones.". NCITA also has "medullary bone" synonym: "cavity of cancellous bone" EXACT [] synonym: "marrow cavity" EXACT [FMA:83698] synonym: "medullary cavity" EXACT [FMA:83698] xref: FMA:75147 xref: FMA:83698 xref: MA:0002783 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001439 ! compact bone relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002371 ! bone marrow [Term] id: UBERON:0002485 name: prostate duct def: "the minute canals that pass the prostatic secretions to the urethra." [MP:0009734] synonym: "duct of prostate" EXACT [] synonym: "duct of prostate gland" EXACT [] synonym: "prostate duct" EXACT [] synonym: "prostate gland duct" EXACT [] synonym: "prostatic duct" EXACT [] xref: FMA:19580 xref: MA:0002785 xref: ncithesaurus:Prostatic_Duct xref: SCTID:362276000 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005904 ! duct of male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003820 {source="PMID:18977204"} ! prostate bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0002486 name: glottis def: "The glottis is defined as the combination of the vocal folds and the space in between the folds. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Glottis] subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0010610 xref: BTO:0001627 xref: FMA:55414 xref: GAID:343 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Arytenoid_cartilage.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Arytenoid_cartilage.png/200px-Arytenoid_cartilage.png xref: MA:0002788 xref: MESH:A.04.329.364 xref: ncithesaurus:Glottis xref: SCTID:264482000 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx property_value: external_definition "A small, slit-like aperture lying longitudinally on the floor of the pharynx.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010610", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BMZ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002487 name: tooth cavity def: "." [Wikipedia:Tooth_cavity] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cavitas dentis" EXACT [] synonym: "cavitas pulparis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55660, FMA:TA] synonym: "cavity of tooth" RELATED [MA:0002792] synonym: "pulp cavity" EXACT [] synonym: "pulp cavity of tooth" EXACT [] synonym: "tooth pulp cavity" RELATED [MA:0002792] xref: FMA:55660 xref: MA:0002792 xref: MESH:A.14.254.900.265 xref: SCTID:362105008 is_a: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0002488 name: helix def: "." [Wikipedia:Helix] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "helical part of pinna" EXACT [] synonym: "helix (auricula)" EXACT [] synonym: "helix of auricle of ear" EXACT [] synonym: "helix of ear" EXACT [] synonym: "helix of pinna" EXACT [] xref: FMA:60992 xref: MA:0002793 xref: ncithesaurus:Helix xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwRDEk5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279607004 is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0002489 name: coronal suture def: "The coronal suture is a dense, fibrous connective tissue joint that separates the frontal and parietal bones of the skull. At birth, the bones of the skull do not meet. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Coronal_suture] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "coronal suture of skull" EXACT [] synonym: "fronto-parietal suture" EXACT [PMID:11784098] synonym: "frontoparietal suture" EXACT [PMID:11784098] synonym: "sutura coronalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coronal_suture] xref: EMAPA:19225 xref: FMA:52928 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Gray188-Coronal_suture.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Gray188-Coronal_suture.png/200px-Gray188-Coronal_suture.png xref: MA:0002795 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2eGHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244510008 is_a: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: connects UBERON:0000209 relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 intersection_of: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0002490 name: frontal suture def: "The frontal suture is a dense connective tissue structure that divides the two halves of the frontal bone of the skull in infants and children. It usually disappears by the age of six, with the two halves of the frontal bone being fused together. If it does not disappear it may be called a 'metopic suture' or 'sutura frontalis persistens. ' If the suture is not present at birth (craniosynostosis) it will cause a keel-shaped deformity of the skull called 'trigonocephaly. ' It is present in a fetal skull so that the skull can bend and is very elastic at the time of birth. The baby's head literally bends when coming out of the mother's womb. The space is filled as the child grows older. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Frontal_suture] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "frontal suture of skull" EXACT [] synonym: "metopic suture" RELATED [MA:0002796] synonym: "sutura frontalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Frontal_suture] synonym: "sutura frontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontal_suture] synonym: "sutura metopica" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52989, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:19226 xref: FMA:52989 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Frontal_suture.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Gray134.png/200px-Gray134.png xref: MA:0002796 xref: SCTID:136854008 is_a: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture relationship: connects UBERON:0000209 {notes="two halves of the frontal bone"} ! tetrapod frontal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0000209 {cardinality="2"} ! tetrapod frontal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0002491 name: lambdoid suture def: "The lambdoid suture (or lambdoidal suture) is a dense, fibrous connective tissue joint on the posterior aspect of the skull that connects the parietal and temporal bones with the occipital bone. Its name comes from its lambda-like shape. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lambdoid_suture] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lambdoid suture of skull" EXACT [] synonym: "lambdoidal suture" RELATED [MA:0002797] synonym: "sutura lambdoidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lambdoid_suture] synonym: "sutura lambdoidea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lambdoid_suture] xref: EMAPA:19227 xref: FMA:52933 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray188-Lambdoid_suture.png xref: MA:0002797 xref: SCTID:361830007 is_a: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 relationship: connects UBERON:0001676 relationship: connects UBERON:0001678 intersection_of: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0002492 name: sagittal suture def: "The sagittal suture is a dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the two parietal bones of the skull. At birth, the bones of the skull do not meet. If certain bones of the skull grow too fast then 'premature closure' of the sutures may occur. This can result in skull deformities. If the sagittal suture closes early the skull becomes long, narrow, and wedge-shaped, a condition called 'scaphocephaly. ' Two anatomical landmarks are found on the sagittal suture: the bregma and the vertex of the skull. The bregma is formed by the intersection of the sagittal and coronal sutures, and the vertex is the highest point on the skull and is many times near the midpoint of the sagittal suture. The sagittal suture is also known as the 'interparietal suture' and the 'sutura interparietalis. ' The term is derived from the Latin word Sagitta, meaning 'arrow'. The derivation of this term may be demonstrated by observing how the sagittal suture is notched posteriorly, like an arrow, by the lambdoid suture. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sagittal_suture] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sagittal suture of skull" EXACT [] synonym: "sutura sagittalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sagittal_suture] xref: EMAPA:19224 xref: FMA:52929 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Kort-lang-skalle.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kort-lang-skalle.gif/200px-Kort-lang-skalle.gif xref: MA:0002798 xref: SCTID:244511007 is_a: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 {notes="both parietals"} ! tetrapod parietal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 {cardinality="2"} ! tetrapod parietal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0002493 name: uterine artery def: "The uterine artery is an artery in females that supplies blood to the uterus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Uterine_artery] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arteria uterina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uterine_artery] xref: FMA:18829 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Gray1170.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Gray1170.png/200px-Gray1170.png xref: MA:0002799 xref: SCTID:244300003 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0006955 ! uterine epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0002494 name: papillary muscle def: "In anatomy, the papillary muscles of the heart serve to limit the movements of the mitral and tricuspid valves. These muscles contract to tighten the chordae tendineae, which in turn prevent inversion. This occurs in response to pressure gradients. Instead they brace the valves against the high pressure, preventing regurgitation of ventricular blood back into the atrial cavities. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Papillary_muscle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "musculus papillaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Papillary_muscle] synonym: "papillary muscle of ventricle" EXACT [MA:0002800] synonym: "ventricular papillary muscle" EXACT [MA:0002800] synonym: "ventricule papillary muscle" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA:8655 xref: FMA:12154 xref: GAID:175 xref: galen:PapillaryMuscle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Papillary_muscles.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Papillary_muscles.png/200px-Papillary_muscles.png xref: MA:0002800 xref: MESH:A.02.633.580.680 xref: ncithesaurus:Papillary_Muscle xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rDid0jLYYEduAAAACs2IKfQ xref: SCTID:279329009 xref: VHOG:0001392 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle property_value: homology_notes "On the internal or parietal surface of the left ventricle in man and in mammals are two papillary muscles, which are almost identical and well developed.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001392", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1368-5031.2005.00345. x", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002495 name: long bone def: "Long bone is a limb bone that is subcylindrical and has a shaft with periosteum separating the ends of the bones. Long bones are present only in the limbs[VSAO]." [VSAO:wd, Wikipedia:Long_bone] comment: Endochondral_ossification is an essential process during the rudimentary formation of long bones, with the exception of the clavicle[Wikipedia:Endochondral_ossification]. The medial and and lateral ends undergo EO, the mid-portion is formed by a process with features of EO & IO (the process is shared by the mandible)[ISBN:9780397517251] subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0004256 xref: FMA:7474 xref: galen:LongBone xref: MA:0002802 xref: ncithesaurus:Long_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv6axr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:332709000 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0002496 name: stapes base subset: uberon_slim synonym: "base of stapes" RELATED [MA:0002804] synonym: "footplate" RELATED [] synonym: "stapes footplate" RELATED [MA:0002804] xref: EHDAA:5143 xref: EHDAA:6096 xref: FMA:52769 xref: MA:0002804 xref: SCTID:279685009 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001687 ! stapes [Term] id: UBERON:0002497 name: acromion def: "Region of the scapula where the latter meets with the clavicle: attachment point of the clavicle to the scapula in some taxa." [VSAO:0005067, Wikipedia:Acromion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "acromion of the scapula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acromion] synonym: "acromion process" EXACT [VSAO:0005067] synonym: "scapular acromion" EXACT [VSAO:0005067] xref: AAO:0000826 xref: EMAPA:25119 xref: FMA:23260 xref: GAID:187 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Gray206.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Gray206.png/200px-Gray206.png xref: MA:0002805 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087.783.261 xref: ncithesaurus:Acromion xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmrF8pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181911000 xref: VSAO:0005067 is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 {source="FMA"} ! pectoral limb scapula property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of pars acromialis (AAO:0000752)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000826", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Anterior rounded projection of the pars acromialis of the scapula.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000826", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002498 name: deltoid tuberosity of humerus def: "The deltoid tuberosity is the region on the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Deltoid_tuberosity] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "deltoid crest" EXACT [MP:0004353] synonym: "deltoid eminence" EXACT [MP:0004353] synonym: "deltoid impression" EXACT [MP:0004353] synonym: "deltoid process" EXACT [MP:0004353] synonym: "deltoid tuberosity" EXACT [FMA:23418] synonym: "tuberositas deltoidea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23418, FMA:TA] synonym: "tuberositas deltoidea (corpus humeri)" EXACT [] synonym: "tuberositas deltoidea humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deltoid_tuberosity] xref: EMAPA:25052 xref: FMA:23418 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/HumerusFront.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/HumerusFront.png/200px-HumerusFront.png xref: MA:0002808 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005813 ! tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004652 ! humerus diaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0002499 name: cochlear labyrinth def: "For more uses of the word labyrinth, see Labyrinth (disambiguation) The labyrinth is a system of fluid passages in the inner ear, including both the cochlea, which is part of the auditory system, and the vestibular system, which provides the sense of balance. It is named by analogy with the mythical maze that imprisoned the Minotaur, because of its appearance. The bony labyrinth, or osseous labyrinth, is the network of passages with bony walls lined with periosteum. The bony labyrinth is lined with the membranous labyrinth. There is a layer of perilymph between them. The three parts of the bony labyrinth are the vestibule of the ear, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea. The vestibular system is the region of the inner ear where the semicircular canals converge, close to the cochlea (the hearing organ). The vestibular system works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. Joint and muscle receptors also are important in maintaining balance. The brain receives, interprets, and processes the information from these systems that control our balance. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cochlear_labyrinth] comment: WP - The labyrinth can be divided by layer or by region. Bony vs. membranous / Vestibular vs. cochlear subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0004686 xref: FMA:61259 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gray923.png/200px-Gray923.png xref: MA:0002809 xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Labyrinth is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea relationship: part_of UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0002500 name: zygomatic arch def: "The zygomatic arch or cheek bone is formed by the zygomatic process of temporal bone (a bone extending forward from the side of the skull, over the opening of the ear) and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone (the side of the cheekbone), the two being united by an oblique suture; the tendon of the Temporalis passes medial to the arch to gain insertion into the coronoid process of the mandible. The term zygomatic derives from the Latin zyosislymore meaning malar bone or cheekbone. The zygomatic arch is occasionally referred to as the zygoma, but this term usually refers to the zygomatic bone or occasionally the zygomatic process. The zygomatic process of the temporal arises by two roots: an anterior, directed inward in front of the mandibular fossa, where it expands to form the articular tubercle. a posterior, which runs backward above the external acoustic meatus and is continuous with the supramastoid crest. The upper border of the arch gives attachment to the temporal fascia; the lower border and medial surface give origin to the Masseter. The zygomatic arch is significant in evolutionary biology, as it is part of the structures derived from the ancestral single temporal fenestra of the synapsid ancestor of mammals. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_arch] comment: Editors note: compare with zygomatic bone subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arcus zygomaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_arch] synonym: "zygoma" EXACT [] xref: FMA:53120 xref: galen:Zygoma xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Gray188-Sphenozygomatic_suture.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Gray188-Sphenozygomatic_suture.png/200px-Gray188-Sphenozygomatic_suture.png xref: MA:0002810 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.995 xref: ncithesaurus:Zygomatic_Arch xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvih1YZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:272682006 is_a: UBERON:0011164 {source="MA"} ! neurocranium bone [Term] id: UBERON:0002501 name: oval window def: "The oval window (or vestibular window) is a membrane-covered opening which leads from the middle ear to the vestibule of the inner ear. Vibrations that come into contact with the tympanic membrane travel through the three ossicles and into the inner ear. The oval window is the intersection of the middle ear with the inner ear, and is directly contacted by the stapes; by the time vibrations reach the oval window, they have been amplified over twenty times from what they were when they contacted the tympanic membrane, a testament to the amplifying power of the middle ear. It is a reniform (kidney-shaped) opening leading from the tympanic cavity into the vestibule of the internal ear; its long diameter is horizontal, and its convex border is upward. In the recent state it is occupied by the base of the stapes, the circumference of which is fixed by the annular ligament to the margin of the foramen. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Oval_window] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fenestra ovalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oval_window] synonym: "fenestra vestibuli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oval_window] synonym: "oval window of petrous part of temporal bone" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibular window" RELATED [MA:0002813] xref: FMA:56913 xref: GAID:882 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Gray911.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Gray911.png/200px-Gray911.png xref: MA:0002813 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.909.551 xref: SCTID:362561009 is_a: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001694 ! petrous part of temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0002502 name: round window def: "The round window is one of the two openings into the cochlea of the inner ear. It is closed off from the middle ear by the round window membrane, which vibrates with opposite phase to vibrations entering the cochlea through the oval window. It allows fluid in the cochlea to move, which in turn ensures that hair cells of the basilar membrane will be stimulated and that audition will occur. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Round_window] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cochlear window" RELATED [MA:0002814] synonym: "fenestra cochleae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Round_window] synonym: "fenestra rotunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Round_window] synonym: "round window of petrous part of temporal bone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:56932 xref: GAID:878 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Gray911.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Gray911.png/200px-Gray911.png xref: MA:0002814 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.246.814 xref: SCTID:279785002 is_a: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001694 ! petrous part of temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0002503 name: greater trochanter def: "The greater trochanter (great trochanter) of the femur is a large, irregular, quadrilateral eminence and a part of the skeletal system. It is directed a little lateralward and backward, and, in the adult, is about 1 cm lower than the head. Because the pelvic outlet in the female is larger than in the male, there is a greater distance between the greater trochanters in the female. It has two surfaces and four borders. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Greater_trochanter] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "great trochanter" EXACT [] synonym: "greater trochanter of femur" EXACT [] synonym: "trochanter major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_trochanter] xref: FMA:32852 xref: galen:GreaterTrochanter xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray243.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Gray243.png/200px-Gray243.png xref: MA:0002822 xref: ncithesaurus:Great_Trochanter xref: SCTID:182050001 is_a: UBERON:0000980 ! trochanter relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0002504 name: lesser trochanter def: "The lesser trochanter (small trochanter) of the femur is a conical eminence, which varies in size in different subjects [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lesser_trochanter] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lesser trochanter of femur" EXACT [] synonym: "trochanter minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lesser_trochanter] xref: FMA:32853 xref: galen:LesserTrochanter xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray341.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray341.png/200px-Gray341.png xref: MA:0002823 xref: ncithesaurus:Lesser_Trochanter xref: SCTID:182051002 is_a: UBERON:0000980 ! trochanter relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0002505 name: spiral modiolar artery def: "the artery which parallels the spiral ganglion in the root of the spiral lamina of the modiolus, serving the ganglion and the cochlear duct and its contents." [MP:0004629] xref: FMA:52312 xref: MA:0002824 xref: SCTID:149380004 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0002506 name: iris epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a iris [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium pigmentosum (iris)" EXACT [] synonym: "epithelium pigmentosum (iris)" EXACT [FMA:58517] synonym: "epithelium pigmentosum iridis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58517, FMA:TA] synonym: "iris epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "iris epithelium" EXACT [FMA:58517] synonym: "iris pigmented epithelium" RELATED [MA:0002826] synonym: "pigmented epithelium of iris" EXACT [FMA:58517] synonym: "pigmented epithelium of iris" EXACT [] xref: FMA:58517 xref: MA:0002826 is_a: UBERON:0000488 {source="FMA"} ! atypical epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 {source="MA"} ! iris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris [Term] id: UBERON:0002507 name: abdominal lymph node def: "A lymph node that is part of an abdomen [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdomen lymph node" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph node of abdomen" EXACT [] xref: FMA:12787 xref: MA:0002827 xref: SCTID:245342005 is_a: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0002508 name: celiac lymph node def: "The visceral glands are associated with the branches of the celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. Those related to the branches of the celiac artery (the celiac lymph nodes) form three sets, gastric, hepatic, and pancreaticolienal. gastric lymph nodes hepatic lymph nodes splenic lymph nodes [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Celiac_lymph_node] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "celiac node" EXACT [] synonym: "coeliac node" EXACT [] synonym: "nodus lymphaticus coeliacus" EXACT [] synonym: "terminal ventral aortic node" EXACT [] xref: FMA:12792 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Gray613.png/200px-Gray613.png xref: MA:0002828 xref: ncithesaurus:Celiac_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:245343000 is_a: UBERON:0002507 ! abdominal lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0002509 name: mesenteric lymph node def: "the lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group." [MP:0005232] synonym: "mesenteric node" EXACT [] synonym: "nodi lymphoidei mesenterici" RELATED [BTO:0000767] xref: BTO:0000767 xref: FMA:12795 xref: MA:0002829 xref: ncithesaurus:Mesenteric_Lymph_Node is_a: UBERON:0002507 ! abdominal lymph node is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002095 intersection_of: UBERON:0002507 ! abdominal lymph node intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery [Term] id: UBERON:0002510 name: anterior fontanel def: "In humans, the anterior fontanelle (bregmatic fontanelle, frontal fontanelle) is the largest, and is placed at the junction of the sagittal suture, coronal suture, and frontal suture; it is lozenge-shaped, and measures about 4 cm in its antero-posterior and 2.5 cm in its transverse diameter. The fontanelle allows the skull to deform during birth to ease its passage through the birth canal and for expansion of the brain after birth. While the posterior and lateral fontanelles are obliterated by about six months after birth, the anterior is not completely closed until about the middle of the second year. Full ossification starts in the late twenties and finishes before the age of 50 . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_fontanelle] comment: AO notes TAO:0001739 anterior cranial fontanel is 'Fontanel that is located between the contralateral frontals and anterior to the epiphyseal bar' synonym: "anterior fontanelle" EXACT [FMA:75439] synonym: "fonticulus anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_fontanelle] xref: EMAPA:19199 xref: FMA:75439 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray197.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray197.png/200px-Gray197.png xref: MA:0002830 xref: SCTID:244680006 is_a: UBERON:0002221 ! fontanelle relationship: connects UBERON:0002489 relationship: connects UBERON:0002490 relationship: connects UBERON:0002492 intersection_of: UBERON:0002221 ! fontanelle intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002489 ! coronal suture intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002490 ! frontal suture intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002492 ! sagittal suture relationship: connects UBERON:0002489 ! coronal suture relationship: connects UBERON:0002490 ! frontal suture relationship: connects UBERON:0002492 ! sagittal suture [Term] id: UBERON:0002511 name: trabecula carnea def: "The trabeculae carneae (columnae carneae, or fleshy beams), are rounded or irregular muscular columns which project from the inner surface of the right and left ventricles of the heart.[1] They should not be confused with the pectinate muscles, which are present in the right[1] and left atria only. They are of three kinds: * some are attached along their entire length on one side and merely form prominent ridges,* others are fixed at their extremities but free in the middle, * while a third set, the papillary muscles are continuous by their bases with the wall of the ventricle, while their apices give origin to the chordæ tendineæ which pass to be attached to the segments of both the mitral valve and the tricuspid valve. The purpose of the trabeculae carneae is most likely to prevent suction that would occur with a flat surfaced membrane and thus impair the heart's ability to pump efficiently. The trabeculae carneae also serve a similar function to papillary muscles in that their contraction pulls on the chordae tendineae, preventing inversion of the mitral (bicuspid) and tricuspid valves, that is, their bulging towards the atrial chambers, which would lead to subsequent leakage of the blood into the atria. So by the action of papillary muscles on the atrioventricular valves, backflow of the blood from the ventricles into the atria is prevented[WP]." [Wikipedia:Trabeculae_carneae] comment: Note that WP states they are ventricular, but MP has classes for atrial ventricular carnea. synonym: "cardiac trabecula" RELATED [GO:0060347] synonym: "heart trabecula" RELATED [GO:0060347] synonym: "trabecula of heart" RELATED [] synonym: "trabeculae carneae cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trabeculae_carneae] synonym: "ventricle trabecula carnea" EXACT [MA:0002831] synonym: "ventricular trabecula" RELATED [MA:0002831] xref: EMAPA:18626 xref: FMA:7269 xref: MA:0002831 xref: SCTID:118755002 is_a: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0002512 name: corpus luteum def: "a transient endocrine gland that develops from the postovulatory or atretic follicles and secretes progesterone; it is thought to be related to egg retention[PMID]." [PMID:20959416, Wikipedia:Corpus_luteum] comment: Taxon notes: maintains the endometrium in mammals[WP]. A corpus luteum is known in hagfish (100), Squalus (101), and salamander (100) but not lamprey (102). There are no data for Branchiostoma and Ciona, and given that they are multiple spawners, there is no a priori reason to conclude that they lack a corpus luteum[PMID:20959416] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpora lutea" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "corpus luteum of ovary" EXACT [] synonym: "luteal gland" RELATED [BTO:0000292] xref: BTO:0000292 xref: EMAPA:29886 xref: FMA:18619 xref: GAID:369 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Folliclesinovary.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Folliclesinovary.jpg/200px-Folliclesinovary.jpg xref: MA:0002834 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.114.630.278 xref: ncithesaurus:Corpus_Luteum xref: SCTID:257943001 is_a: UBERON:0002368 {source="PMID:20959416"} ! endocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0005398 ! female reproductive gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 {source="MA"} ! endocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 {source="MA"} ! female gonad property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:71164 {source="PMID:20959416"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002513 name: endochondral bone def: "Replacement bone that forms within cartilage." [GO:0001958, VSAO:0000145, Wikipedia:Endochondral_ossification] comment: note that some structures, e.g. in ZFA are both intramembrane and endochondral. Editor notes: placement in this class to be inferred subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cartilaginous bone" RELATED [BTO:0002157] synonym: "ossified chondrogenic bone" EXACT [VSAO:0000145] xref: AAO:0010776 xref: AEO:0000083 xref: BTO:0002157 xref: EHDAA2:0003083 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Hypertrophic_Zone_of_Epiphyseal_Plate.jpg xref: TAO:0001591 xref: VSAO:0000145 xref: XAO:0004018 xref: ZFA:0001591 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone is_a: UBERON:0010363 {source="VSAO"} ! endochondral element relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005863 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007844 {source="VSAO"} ! cartilaginous element property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that forms within cartilage.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010776", ontology="AAO", source="VAO:0000145"} property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that forms within cartilage.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001591", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that forms within cartilage.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000145", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002514 name: intramembranous bone def: "Bone tissue forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues[TAO]. Intramembranous ossification is the formation of bone in which osteoblasts secrete a collagen-proteoglycan matrix that binds calcium salts and becomes calcified[GO]. Intramembranous ossification is the way flat bones and the shell of a turtle are formed[GO]. Unlike endochondral ossification, cartilage is not present during intramembranous ossification[WP]." [GO:0001957, Wikipedia:Intramembranous_ossification] synonym: "membrane bone" RELATED [AEO:0000085] xref: TAO:0001644 xref: ZFA:0001635 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme property_value: external_comment "[In TAO], This term was made obsolete because it is considered a synonym of membrane bone (VSAO:0000023).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0001644", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Bone that forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001644", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002515 name: periosteum def: "Periosteum is a membrane that lines the outer surface of all bones, except at the joints of long bones. Endosteum lines the inner surface of all bones. Periosteum consists of dense irregular connective tissue. Periosteum is divided into an outer 'fibrous layer' and inner 'cambium layer' (or 'osteogenic layer'). The fibrous layer contains fibroblasts, while the cambium layer contains progenitor cells that develop into osteoblasts. These osteoblasts are responsible for increasing the width of a long bone and the overall size of the other bone types. After a bone fracture the progenitor cells develop into osteoblasts and chondroblasts, which are essential to the healing process. As opposed to osseous tissue, periosteum has nociceptors nerve endings, making it very sensitive to manipulation. It also provides nourishment by providing the blood supply. Periosteum is attached to bone by strong collagenous fibers called Sharpey's fibres, which extend to the outer circumferential and interstitial lamellae. It also provides an attachment for muscles and tendons. Periosteum that covers the outer surface of the bones of the skull is known as 'pericranium'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Periosteum] subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0001022 xref: FMA:24041 xref: GAID:925 xref: galen:PeriOsteum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Bone_growth.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Bone_growth.png/200px-Bone_growth.png xref: MA:0002838 xref: MESH:A.10.165.265.746 xref: ncithesaurus:Periosteum xref: SCTID:33840008 is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0011822 ! dense irregular connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0002516 name: epiphyseal plate def: "a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone. The plate is found in children and adolescents; in adults, who have stopped growing, the plate is replaced by an epiphyseal line." [Wikipedia:Epiphyseal_plate] comment: editor note: consider splitting this class into the epiphyseal plates of long bones and vertebrae subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilago epiphysialis" RELATED [BTO:0000412] synonym: "epiphyseal cartilage" RELATED [] synonym: "epiphyseal disk" RELATED [BTO:0000412] synonym: "epiphyseal growth disk" RELATED [BTO:0000412] synonym: "epiphyseal growth plate" EXACT [] synonym: "epiphyseal growth plate cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "epiphysial plate" EXACT [FMA:75427] synonym: "growth plate" RELATED [MA:0002839] synonym: "lamina epiphysialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epiphyseal_plate] synonym: "long bone epiphyseal plate" EXACT [MA:0002839] synonym: "physis" RELATED [BTO:0000412] xref: BTO:0000412 xref: EMAPA:25059 xref: EMAPA:25062 xref: EMAPA:25065 xref: EMAPA:25068 xref: EMAPA:25071 xref: FMA:75427 xref: GAID:191 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Tib_fib_growth_plates.jpg xref: MA:0002839 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.251.352 xref: SCTID:84349008 is_a: UBERON:0001994 ! hyaline cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0002517 name: basicranium def: "The base of skull is the most inferior area of the skull, composed of the endocranium and lower parts of the skull roof." [Wikipedia:Base_of_skull] comment: The skull base is formed from a series of cartilages either side of, and rostral to, the notochord, whose tip lies just caudal to the pituitary gland. It is closely associated with the sensory capsules, which partially or completely sur- round the olfactory epithelium, the eye, and the inner ear[PMID:11523816] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "base of skull" EXACT [] synonym: "basis cranii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:52801, FMA:TA] synonym: "basis cranii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Base_of_skull] synonym: "cranial base" RELATED [MA:0002840] synonym: "skull base" EXACT [] xref: FMA:52801 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray193.png/200px-Gray193.png xref: MA:0002840 xref: MESH:A.01.456.830 xref: ncithesaurus:Base_of_the_Skull xref: SCTID:181890004 is_a: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0002518 name: otolith organ def: "saccule or utricle." [Wikipedia:Otolith_organ] comment: Editor notes: Representation of utricle, sacule and otoliths in correspondence to other ontologies may require review. In EHDAA2, saccule and utricle are epithelia subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "otolith organs" RELATED [ZFA:0000559] synonym: "saccule and utricle" RELATED [MESH:A.09.246.631.909.625] synonym: "utricle and saccule" RELATED [MESH:A.09.246.631.909.625] xref: EFO:0003539 xref: GAID:883 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Bigotolith.jpg/200px-Bigotolith.jpg xref: MA:0002841 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.909.625 xref: TAO:0000559 xref: VHOG:0001676 xref: ZFA:0000559 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 ! vestibular labyrinth property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, as in other vertebrates, the vestibular end-organs are divided into a gravity receptor system, with three subdivisions and an angular acceleration receptor system. The gravity receptor system on each side consists of utricular, saccular, and lagenar maculae, each covered by an otolith (reference 1); (...)considerations have led to our rethinking issues related to the origin of several aspects of vertebrate hearing, and to the view that many basic auditory functions evolved very early in vertebrate history, and that the functions observed in more `advanced' vertebrates, such as birds and mammals, are frequently modifications of themes first encountered in fishes, and perhaps even more ancestral animals (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001676", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:11581521 Moorman SJ, Development of sensory systems in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ILAR Journal (2001), DOI:10.1016/S0378-5955(00)00168-4 Fay RR, Popper AN, Evolution of hearing in vertebrates: the inner ears and processing. Hearing research (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002519 name: otolithic membrane def: "a gelatinous membrane located in the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear, and plays an essential role in the brain's interpretation of equilibrium. Both the saccular macula and utricular macula are covered by an otolithic membrane. The membrane is composed of crystalline particles of calcium carbonate called otoliths. When the head is moved the otoliths shift, causing cilia in the nearby saccule and utricle to distort. This produces nerve signals which are sent to the brain, which then uses them to establish its sense of balance. The embedded crystals are very and dense and make the density of the otolithic membrane higher than that of the endolymph surrounding it. When the head accelerates along a line or tilts to change its orientation to gravity, the otolithic membrane shifts relative to the bone supporting the maculae. This shift bends the hair cells whose processes are embedded in the otolithic membrane.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Otolithic_membrane] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "membrana statoconiorum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75573, FMA:TA] synonym: "otolith layer of statoconial membrane" EXACT [FMA:75573] xref: FMA:75573 xref: GAID:884 xref: MA:0002842 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.909.625.125.680 xref: SCTID:362571006 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005764 {source="Wikipedia"} ! acellular membrane is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 {source="MA"} ! vestibular labyrinth relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002518 {source="Wikipedia"} ! otolith organ [Term] id: UBERON:0002520 name: submandibular lymph node def: "The submandibular lymph nodes (submaxillary glands in older texts), three to six in number, are placed beneath the body of the mandible in the submaxillary triangle, and rest on the superficial surface of the submaxillary salivary gland. One gland, the middle gland of Stahr, which lies on the external maxillary artery as it turns over the mandible, is the most constant of the series; small lymph glands are sometimes found on the deep surface of the submaxillary salivary glands. The afferents of the submaxillary glands drain the medial palpebral commissure, the cheek, the side of the nose, the upper lip, the lateral part of the lower lip, the gums, and the anterior part of the margin of the tongue. Efferent vessels from the facial and submental glands also enter the submaxillary glands. Their efferent vessels pass to the superior deep cervical glands. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Submandibular_lymph_node] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "level ib neck node" EXACT [] synonym: "nodi lymphoidei submandibulares" RELATED [BTO:0000769] synonym: "submandibular node" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000769 xref: FMA:61224 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Illu_quiz_hn_03.jpg/200px-Illu_quiz_hn_03.jpg xref: MA:0002843 xref: ncithesaurus:Submandibular_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:245319003 is_a: UBERON:0003968 ! peripheral lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0002521 name: elastic tissue def: "Elastic fibers (or yellow fibers) are bundles of proteins found in extracellular matrix of connective tissue and produced by fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in arteries. These fibers can stretch up to 1.5 times their length, and snap back to their original length when relaxed. Elastic fibers include elastin, elaunin and oxytalan. Elastic tissue is classified as 'connective tissue proper'. The elastic fiber is formed from the elastic microfibril and amorphous elastin. The microfibril scaffolds and organizes the deposition of amorphous elastin. Amorphous elastin forms from monomers of soluble tropoelastin which is insolubilized and crosslinked into amorphous elastin by lysyl oxidase. Lysyl oxidase reacts with specific lysine residues and by oxidative deamination generates reactive aldehydes and allysine. These reactive aldehydes and allysines can react with lysine and other allysine residues to crosslink and form desmosine, isodesmosine, and a number of other polyfunctional crosslinks that join surrounding elastin molecules to build an elastin matrix and elastic fiber. These unique crosslinks are responsible for elastin's elasticity. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Elastic_fiber] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "elastic connective tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:20113 xref: GAID:926 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Gray377.png xref: MA:0002853 xref: MESH:A.10.165.400 xref: SCTID:27197004 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0002522 name: tunica media def: "The tunica media (or just media) (middle coat) is the middle layer of an artery or vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tunica_media] comment: todo - check BTO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tunica media vasorum" RELATED [BTO:0002011] synonym: "tunica media vasorum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tunica_media] xref: BTO:0002011 xref: FMA:55590 xref: GAID:170 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Illu_artery.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Illu_artery.jpg/200px-Illu_artery.jpg xref: MA:0002855 xref: MESH:A.02.633.570.491.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Tunica_Media xref: SCTID:61695000 is_a: UBERON:0004237 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! blood vessel smooth muscle is_a: UBERON:0004797 {source="MA"} ! blood vessel layer relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0005734 ! tunica adventitia [Term] id: UBERON:0002523 name: tunica intima def: "The tunica intima (or just intima) is the innermost layer of an artery or vein. It is made up of one layer of endothelial cells and is supported by an internal elastic lamina. The endothelial cells are in direct contact with the blood flow. The inner coat (tunica intima) can be separated from the middle by a little maceration, or it may be stripped off in small pieces; but, on account of its friability, it cannot be separated as a complete membrane. It is a fine, transparent, colorless structure which is highly elastic, and, after death, is commonly corrugated into longitudinal wrinkles. The inner coat consists of: A layer of pavement endothelium, the cells of which are polygonal, oval, or fusiform, and have very distinct round or oval nuclei. This endothelium is brought into view most distinctly by staining with silver nitrate. A subendothelial layer, consisting of delicate connective tissue with branched cells lying in the interspaces of the tissue; in arteries of less than 2 mm. in diameter the subendothelial layer consists of a single stratum of stellate cells, and the connective tissue is only largely developed in vessels of a considerable size. An elastic or fenestrated layer, which consists of a membrane containing a net-work of elastic fibers, having principally a longitudinal direction, and in which, under the microscope, small elongated apertures or perforations may be seen, giving it a fenestrated appearance. It was therefore called by Henle the fenestrated membrane. This membrane forms the chief thickness of the inner coat, and can be separated into several layers, some of which present the appearance of a network of longitudinal elastic fibers, and others a more membranous character, marked by pale lines having a longitudinal direction. In minute arteries the fenestrated membrane is a very thin layer; but in the larger arteries, and especially in the aorta, it has a very considerable thickness. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tunica_intima] comment: todo - check BTO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tunica intima vasorum" RELATED [BTO:0002012] xref: BTO:0002012 xref: FMA:55589 xref: GAID:523 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Illu_artery.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Illu_artery.jpg/200px-Illu_artery.jpg xref: MA:0002861 xref: MESH:A.07.231.330.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Tunica_Intima xref: SCTID:8361002 is_a: UBERON:0004797 {source="MA"} ! blood vessel layer disjoint_from: UBERON:0005738 ! swim bladder tunica interna relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media [Term] id: UBERON:0002524 name: mediastinal lymph node def: "A lymph node that is part of a mediastinum. Each consists of several lymph node groups, especially along the trachea (5 groups), along the esophagus and between the lung and the diaphragm. In the mediastinal lymph nodes arises lymphatic ducts, which draines the lymph to the left subclavian vein (to the venous angle in the confluence of the subclavian and deep jugular veins). The mediastinal lymph nodes along the esophagus are in tight connection with the abdominal lymph nodes along the esophagus and the stomach. That fact facilitates spreading of tumors cells through these lymphatics in cases of cancers of the stomach and particularly of the esophagus. Through the mediastinum, the main lymphatic drainage from the abdominal organs goes via the thoracic duct (ductus thoracicus), which drains majority of the lymph from the abdomen to the above mentioned left venous angle." [Obol:automatic, Wikipedia:Lymph_node#Lymph_nodes_of_the_thorax] synonym: "mediastinal node" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0001670 xref: FMA:12774 xref: MA:0002877 xref: ncithesaurus:Mediastinal_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:181760002 is_a: UBERON:0007644 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0003728 ! mediastinum [Term] id: UBERON:0002525 name: brachial lymph node def: "the lymph nodes located along the brachial vein that receive drainage from most of the free upper limb and send efferent vessels to the central axillary lymph nodes." [MP:0005231, Wikipedia:Brachial_lymph_nodes] synonym: "nodi lymphoidei brachiales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachial_lymph_nodes] xref: FMA:44314 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Gray607.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Gray607.png/200px-Gray607.png xref: MA:0002878 xref: ncithesaurus:Brachial_Lymph_Node is_a: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0002526 name: lumbar lymph node xref: FMA:84599 xref: MA:0002879 xref: SCTID:281412000 is_a: UBERON:0002507 ! abdominal lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0002527 name: pancreatic lymph node def: "A lymph node that is part of a pancreas [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph node of pancreas" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pancreas lymph node" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pancreatic node" EXACT [] synonym: "pyloric lymph node" RELATED [MA:0002881] xref: FMA:16626 xref: MA:0002881 xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:276170003 is_a: UBERON:0002507 ! abdominal lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 intersection_of: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0002528 name: sacral lymph node synonym: "sacral node" EXACT [] xref: FMA:16655 xref: MA:0002883 xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:279797001 is_a: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0002529 name: limb segment def: "A major subdivision of a mature or developing limb, including both skeletal elements (or the mesenchyme that gives rise to the skeletal elements) and associated tissues, such as muscle, connective tissue, integument. Examples: autopod region, zeugopod region, stylopod region, metapodial region, arm region. Excludes the limb girdles." [UBERON:cjm] comment: note FMA has both limb segment and free limb segment, the former includes the girdles. Note that MA uses the term more generally and includes A,S,Z,S+Z(arm/leg), whereas FMA is just A,S,Z synonym: "free limb segment" EXACT [FMA:241863] synonym: "limb region" EXACT [] synonym: "region of limb" EXACT [] synonym: "segment of limb" EXACT [] synonym: "subdivision of limb" EXACT [] xref: FMA:241863 xref: MA:0002889 is_a: UBERON:0010538 ! limb/fin segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0010758 ! appendage segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb disjoint_from: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: existence_ends_during UBERON:0000066 ! fully formed stage relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0002530 name: gland alt_id: UBERON:MIAA_0000021 def: "A gland is an organ in an animal's body that synthesizes a substance for release such as hormones or breast milk, often into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) or into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland). A gland is an organ specialised for secretion[GO]." [Wikipedia:Gland] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Druese" RELATED [BTO:0000522] synonym: "glandula" RELATED [BTO:0000522] synonym: "glandula" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gland] xref: AAO:0000212 xref: AEO:0000096 xref: BTO:0000522 xref: EFO:0000797 xref: EHDAA2:0003096 xref: EHDAA:2161 xref: EHDAA:2181 xref: EHDAA:2967 xref: EHDAA:4475 xref: EHDAA:6522 xref: EMAPA:18425 xref: FMA:86294 xref: galen:Gland xref: HAO:0000375 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Gray1026.png xref: MAT:0000021 xref: MIAA:0000021 xref: ncithesaurus:Gland xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwP3vyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:134358001 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: secretes UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0002531 name: paired fin bud def: "An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a paired fin. The fin bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]." [ISBN:9780878932504, MP:0005650, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "fin bud" EXACT [ZFA:0001383] synonym: "fin buds" EXACT PLURAL [VSAO:0000179] xref: EFO:0003468 xref: MAT:0000062 xref: MIAA:0000062 xref: TAO:0001383 xref: VSAO:0000179 xref: ZFA:0001383 is_a: UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002534 intersection_of: UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005731 ! fin field property_value: external_definition "Embryonic surface structure that develops into a paired fin.[ZFA]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-31", external_class="ZFA:0001383", ontology="ZFA", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002532 name: epiblast (generic) def: "In amniote animal embryology, the epiblast is a tissue type derived either from the inner cell mass in mammals or the blastodisc in birds and reptiles. It lies above the hypoblast. In mammalian embryogenesis, the columnar cells of the epiblast are adjacent to the trophoblast, while the cuboidal cells of the hypoblast are closer to the blastocoele. The epiblast, whilst referred to as the primary ectoderm, differentiates to form all three layers of the trilaminar germ disc in a process called gastrulation[WP]. The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation[ZFA]" [Wikipedia:Epiblast, ZFIN:curator] comment: MP says - tissue that gives rise to the ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm of the embryo proper. In HOG, epiblast is part of primitive streak/blastpore, which is inconsistent with the MP definition of primitive streak as a ridge of the epiblast. Note that these terms, epiblast and hypoblast, are also used to describe layers of the avian embryonic blastoderm, but the layers so-named seem to be altogether different in these two kinds of vertebrate embryos(CVS). Consider obsoleting this as a grouping class subset: early_development subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "blastocyst" RELATED [] synonym: "ectoblast" RELATED [MP:0003886] synonym: "epiblast" EXACT [VHOG:0000243] synonym: "epiblastus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epiblast] synonym: "primitive ectoderm" RELATED [VHOG:0000243] xref: BTO:0004593 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Gray21.png xref: MAT:0000067 xref: MIAA:0000067 xref: VHOG:0000243 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure property_value: homology_notes "In pregastrula zebrafish embryos, the epiblast is an inverted cup of cells that sits on top of a large yolk cell. (...) In amniote embryos (mammals and birds), gastrulation initiates in an epithelial layer called the epiblast. Cells in the epiblast undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), migrate through the primitive streak (PS), and incorporate in the middle (mesoderm) or outer (endoderm) layer. The presumptive definitive endoderm (DE) cells invade and displace an outer layer of extraembryonic tissue cells, the hypoblast in chick and the visceral endoderm (VE) in mouse, which form supporting structures such as the yolk sac.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000243", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.042308.113344 Zorn AM, Wells JM, Vertebrate endoderm development and organ formation. Annual Review of Cell Developmental Biology (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002533 name: tail bud def: "The rapidly proliferating mass of cells at the caudal extremity of the embryo; remnant of the primitive node." [BTO:0001445] comment: Editor notes: See notes from UBERONREF:0000002 subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "end bud" RELATED [BTO:0001445] synonym: "tail bud mesenchyme " RELATED [ZFA:0000077] synonym: "tailbud" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011104 xref: BTO:0001445 xref: EFO:0002748 xref: EHDAA2:0001976 xref: EHDAA:1595 xref: EMAPA:16580 xref: MAT:0000070 xref: MIAA:0000070 xref: TAO:0000077 xref: VHOG:0000201 xref: XAO:0000107 xref: ZFA:0000077 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "Rapidly proliferating mass of cells at the caudal extremity of the embryo. Its formation is reflected in a caudal carving of the posterior portion of the archenteric canal at NF stage 22. With its further outgrowth, the postanal gut primordium becomes stretched. Its lumen is in broad communication with the hindgut at NF stage 25.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011104", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0815318960", source="OMD:tail+bud"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (5) a larva or embryo with a postanal tail.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000201", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002534 name: paired fin def: "Fin that is one of a pair located ventrally on the organism." [TAO:wd] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "artioptcérygie@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000111] synonym: "nageoire paire@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000111] synonym: "pelvic/pectoral fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: TAO:0002278 xref: VSAO:0000111 xref: ZFA:0005596 is_a: UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin is_a: UBERON:0008897 {source="ZFA"} ! fin relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002531 {source="ZFA"} ! paired fin bud property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523 [Term] id: UBERON:0002535 name: gill def: "Anatomical surface structure found in many aquatic organisms. It is a respiration organ whose function is the extraction of oxygen from water and the excretion of carbon dioxide. The microscopic structure of a gill is such that it presents a very large surface area to the external environment. Gills usually consist of thin filaments of tissue, branches, or slender tufted processes which have a highly folded surface to increase surface area. A high surface area is crucial to the gas exchange of aquatic organisms as water contains only 1/20 parts dissolved Oxygen compared to air. With the exception of some aquatic insects, the filaments and lamellae (folds) contain blood or coelomic fluid, from which gases are exchanged through the thin walls. Oxygen is carried by the blood to other parts of the body. Carbon dioxide passes from the blood through the thin gill tissue into the water. Gills or gill-like organs, located in different parts of the body, are found in various groups of aquatic animals, including mollusks, crustaceans, insects, fish, and amphibians." [Wikipedia:Gill] comment: this term potentially applicable across multiple metazoa - see also the subclass 'pharyngeal arch derived gill' subset: functional_classification xref: MESH:A.13.421 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0002536 name: arthropod sensillum def: "Sense organ embedded in the integument and consisting of one or a cluster of sensory neurons and associated sensory structures, support cells and glial cells forming a single organised unit with a largely bona-fide boundary.[FBbt]" [FBbt:00007152, Wikipedia:Sensillum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sensillum" EXACT [FBbt:00007152, HAO:0000933] xref: BTO:0001237 xref: EFO:0000939 xref: FBbt:00007152 xref: HAO:0000933 xref: MAT:0000163 xref: MIAA:0000163 xref: TGMA:0000540 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002537 name: hermaphrodite gonad def: "a gonad with both testicular and ovarian aspects[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ovotestis] synonym: "glandula hermaphroditica" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Ovotestis#In_gastropods] synonym: "hermaphrodite genitalia" EXACT [GO:0040035] synonym: "hermaphrodite gland" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Ovotestis#In_gastropods] synonym: "ovotestis" RELATED [BTO:0000981] xref: BTO:0000981 xref: EFO:0000971 xref: MAT:0000165 xref: MIAA:0000165 xref: WBbt:0005178 is_a: UBERON:0000991 ! gonad is_a: UBERON:0007198 ! hermaphrodite anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007197 ! hermaphroditic organism [Term] id: UBERON:0002538 name: hatching gland def: "The cells of the hatching gland contain enzymes responsible for solubilization of the egg chorion, facilitating the hatching process[GO]. A transversely oriented set of cells located deep to the EVL on the pericardial membrane, especially prominent during pharyngula period because of the brightly refractile cytoplasmic granules (containing hatching enzymes) of the principal cells of the gland. Kimmel et al, 1995." [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "frontal gland" RELATED [] synonym: "hgg" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011050 xref: BTO:0000558 xref: EFO:0000863 xref: MAT:0000180 xref: MIAA:0000180 xref: TAO:0000026 xref: VHOG:0000078 xref: XAO:0000034 xref: ZFA:0000026 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002530 {source="GO"} ! gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm property_value: external_definition "A transversely oriented set of cells located deep to the EVL on the pericardial membrane, especially prominent during pharyngula period because of the brightly refractile cytoplasmic granules (containing hatching enzymes) of the principal cells of the gland. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000026", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002539 name: pharyngeal arch def: "One of a series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches" [NLM:branchial+arch, PMID:16313389, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_arch] comment: Numbered cranial to caudal. different in mammals. branchial arch = ZFA:0001613 pharyngeal arch 3-7. generally gill arch 1 = pharyngeal arch 3. terminology varies as to whether branchial arch follows gill or pharyngeal numbering subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arcus pharyngei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_arch] synonym: "branchial arch" NARROW [BTO:0001785, MP:0002884] synonym: "pharyngeal arches" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "visceral arch" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010359 xref: BTO:0001785 xref: EFO:0000959 xref: EHDAA:571 xref: EMAPA:16117 xref: GAID:1292 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray41.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray41.png/200px-Gray41.png xref: MAT:0000242 xref: MESH:A.16.254.160 xref: MIAA:0000242 xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Arch xref: SCTID:308766004 xref: TAO:0001306 xref: VHOG:0000155 xref: XAO:0000096 xref: ZFA:0001306 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010188 {source="EHDAA2"} ! protuberance is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: induced_by UBERON:0007690 {source="PMID:16313389"} ! early pharyngeal endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0008816 {source="PMID:16313389"} ! embryonic head property_value: external_definition "One of a series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010359", ontology="AAO", source="NLM:branchial+arch"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000155", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M and Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002540 name: lateral line system def: "a line of neuroblasts along the sides of fish and amphibia that detect vibrations and pressure changes." [ISBN:0471209627, ISBN:0815318960, Wikipedia:Lateral_line_system] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral line organs" RELATED [VHOG:0001243] synonym: "lateral line stitches" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral-line organs" RELATED [] synonym: "ll" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000269 xref: AAO:0000975 xref: EFO:0000941 xref: MAT:0000249 xref: MIAA:0000249 xref: TAO:0000034 xref: VHOG:0001243 xref: XAO:0000095 xref: ZFA:0000034 is_a: UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: is_formed_by lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000975", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000034", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Sensory system which develops from a specialized series of dorsolateral ectodermal placodes named lateral line placodes.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000975", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001243", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32524 {source="http://tolweb.org/Amniota"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002541 name: germ ring def: "The thickend rim of the blastoderm evident during late blastula and gastrula stages[FishBase]. Embryonic structure which is a uniform thickened annulus at the blastoderm margin, consisting of two layers in addition to the EVL, the epiblast and the hypoblast. The germ ring is formed by the involution of the blastoderm back upon itself[ZFA]" [http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=germ%20ring] comment: todo - check timing of appearance and disappearance - check relationship with primitive streak. he blastopore lips in amphibians appear to have the equivalent function of the germ ring in zebrafish (ES) subset: early_development xref: AAO:0000211 xref: EFO:0003427 xref: MAT:0000255 xref: MIAA:0000255 xref: TAO:0000111 xref: ZFA:0000111 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004734 ! gastrula property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 [Term] id: UBERON:0002542 name: scale def: "A small rigid plate that grows out of an animal's skin to provide protection. In lepidopteran (butterfly and moth) species, scales are plates on the surface of the insect wing, and provide coloration. Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times with varying structure and function." [Wikipedia:Scale_(zoology)] comment: Usage notes: currently defined in a very inclusive fashion - may be obsoleted and replaced by more specific classes in future versions. The TAO, VSAO amd ZFA classes by this name are classified as 'dermal scales' subset: grouping_class synonym: "scales" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0005055 xref: EFO:0000960 xref: HAO:0000907 xref: MAT:0000257 xref: MIAA:0000257 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi9M5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure [Term] id: UBERON:0002543 name: obsolete median fin skeleton def: "Postcranial axial skeleton that is unpaired and located on the sagittal plane of the organism." [TAO:wd] comment: Mistakenly placed in uberon, should remain domain of TAO for now synonym: "axial fin skeleton" EXACT [TAO:0001123] synonym: "unpaired fin skeleton" EXACT [ZFA:0001123] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0002544 name: digit def: "one of several most distal parts of a limb, such as fingers or toes, present in many vertebrates[WP]." [Wikipedia:Digit_(anatomy)] comment: todo homology ZFA:0001588-pectoral fin distal radial. Note: This term is a GAT in FMA. Note: we elect to place a strict taxon constraint on this class - this is controversial, and may be weakened later on - see [Wikipedia:Digit_(anatomy)#Evolution]. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "limb digit" EXACT [MA:0000690] xref: AAO:0011126 xref: EFO:0000881 xref: FMA:85518 xref: galen:Digit xref: MA:0000690 xref: MAT:0000285 xref: MIAA:0000285 xref: ncithesaurus:Digit xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzLD_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361367007 xref: VHOG:0000944 xref: XAO:0003032 is_a: UBERON:0005881 ! limb outgrowth relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region property_value: homology_notes "Our reinterpretation of the distal fin endoskeleton of Panderichthys removes the final piece of evidence supporting the formerly popular hypothesis that tetrapod digits are wholly new structures without homologues in sarcopterygian fish fins. This hypothesis, which was based partly on the complete absence of plausible digit homologues in Panderichthys (then the closest known relative of tetrapods), has already been called into question by the discovery of digit-like radials in Tiktaalik and the fact that Hox gene expression patterns closely resembling those associated with digit formation in tetrapods occur in the distal fin skeletons of paddlefish and Australian lungfish. Our new data show that Panderichthys is not an anomaly: like Tiktaalik and other fish members of the Tetrapodomorpha, it has distal radials that can be interpreted as digit homologues.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000944", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/nature07339 Boisvert CA, Mark-Kurik E and Ahlberg PE, The pectoral fin of Panderichthys and the origin of digits. Nature (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002545 name: obsolete body ganglion synonym: "trunk ganglion" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0000901 xref: MAT:0000344 xref: MIAA:0000344 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0002546 name: cranial placode def: "Ectodermal placode that develops in the head into a part of the sensory nervous system. With a few exceptions (lens, adenohypophyseal), cranial placodes are neurogenic." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53175/, https://github.com/seger/aao/issues/4, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3561940&group_id=76834&atid=1127722, UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor note: to avoid confusion, we include neurogenic placode as a subclass. Do not merge. Terminological notes: The term placode or placodes also applies to developing organs such as teeth, mammary glands, hair follicles, feathers and scales. We include a separate parent class for this. Taxon notes: Comparisons of developmental gene expression suggest that the anterior ectoderm in amphioxus may be homologous to the vertebrate olfactory placode, the only vertebrate placode with primary, not secondary, neurons[PMID:11523831]. synonym: "placode" BROAD [Wikipedia:Placode] xref: AAO:0010466 xref: MAT:0000369 xref: MIAA:0000369 xref: XAO:0000305 is_a: UBERON:0005085 {source="cjm"} ! ectodermal placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0002547 name: tadpole def: "A an organism at the larval stage" [UBERON:cjm] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "tadpole stage" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001347 xref: MAT:0000370 xref: MIAA:0000370 is_a: UBERON:0002548 ! larva relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0009849 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0009849 ! tadpole stage relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0009849 ! tadpole stage [Term] id: UBERON:0002548 name: larva def: "a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle." [Wikipedia:Larva] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies. TODO: discriminate between stages and organisms subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ammocoete" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "bipinnaria" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "caterpillar" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "glochidium" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "grub" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "larval organism" EXACT [TAO:0002048] synonym: "leptocephalus" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "maggot" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "naiad" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "naupilus" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "nymph" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "planula" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "tadpole" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "trochophore" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "veliger" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "wriggler" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "zoea" NARROW [Wikipedia:Larva] xref: AEO:0000126 xref: BTO:0000707 xref: FBbt:00001727 xref: HAO:0000459 xref: MIAA:0000400 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQCBvZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0002048 is_a: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000069 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage property_value: external_definition "Whole organism that is premetamorphic or a very immature individual.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002048", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002549 name: ventral trigeminal tract def: "The ventral trigeminothalamic tract serves as pain, temperature, and light touch pathway from the face, head and neck. It receives input from trigeminal nerve, facial nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and vagus nerve. It receives discriminative tactile and pressure input from the contralateral principal sensory nucleus of CN V, which terminates in the ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus. It then ascends to the contralateral sensory cortex via three neurons . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_trigeminal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72506] synonym: "tractus trigeminothalamicus anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72506, FMA:TA] synonym: "trigeminal lemniscus-2" EXACT [FMA:72506] synonym: "ventral crossed tract" EXACT [FMA:72506] synonym: "ventral secondary ascending tract of v" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral trigeminal pathway" EXACT [FMA:72506] synonym: "ventral trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72506] xref: FMA:72506 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1001 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002550 name: anterior hypothalamic region synonym: "chiasmal zone" EXACT [FMA:62027] xref: FMA:62027 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1005 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002551 name: interstitial nucleus of cajal synonym: "interstitial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72432] synonym: "interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72432] synonym: "interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (crosby)" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus interstitialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72432, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:INC xref: BM:MB-ICA xref: FMA:72432 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1008 xref: SCTID:369251002 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002044 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002552 name: vestibulocerebellar tract def: "The vestibulocerebellar tract is a tract in the pontine tegmentum which connects the vestibular nerve and the cerebellar cortex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibulocerebellar_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "vestibulocerebellar fibers" EXACT [FMA:72508] xref: FMA:72508 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1009 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002553 name: anatomical cavity def: "Anatomical space which contains portions of one or more body substances and is bounded by the internal surface of one maximally connected anatomical structure. Examples: cranial cavity, pharyngeal recess space, nasal cavity, tooth socket, cavity of serous sac, lumen of stomach, lumen of artery, fornix of vagina." [FMA:67552] subset: upper_level synonym: "cavity" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA:2329 xref: EHDAA:2337 xref: EHDAA:2347 xref: EHDAA:293 xref: EHDAA:4741 xref: EHDAA:48 xref: EHDAA:638 xref: EHDAA:644 xref: EMAPA:16054 xref: FMA:67552 xref: galen:Cavity xref: ncithesaurus:Lumen_Space xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1011 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: location_of UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0002554 name: regional part of superior colliculus subset: inherited_grouping_class subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of superior colliculus" RELATED [FMA:85592] synonym: "superior colliculus segment" RELATED [FMA:85592] xref: FMA:85592 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1014 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0002555 name: intermediate hypothalamic region def: "." [Wikipedia:Pituitary_gland#Intermediate_lobe] comment: See notes for pars intermedia of adenohypophysis synonym: "area hypothalamica intermedia" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62028, FMA:TA] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic area" EXACT [FMA:62028] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamus" RELATED [TAO:0006000] xref: FMA:62028 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1015 xref: TAO:0006000 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus property_value: external_definition "Brain structure that lies perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the embryonic neural tube, is continuous with the rostral hypothalamic proliferation and whose most lateral extent is deflected dorsally within the inferior lobe.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0006000", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-001018-1", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-020730-6", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-081114-19"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002556 name: corticotectal tract synonym: "corticotectal fibers" EXACT [FMA:72419] synonym: "corticotectal fibres" EXACT [FMA:72419] synonym: "fibrae corticotectales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72419, FMA:TA] xref: BM:CTT xref: FMA:72419 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1016 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002557 name: linear nucleus xref: FMA:72436 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1018 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002558 name: organ cavity subset: upper_level synonym: "cavity of organ" EXACT [FMA:12237] xref: FMA:12237 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1019 xref: SCTID:362606005 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0002559 name: medullary reticular formation def: "The reticular formation is a series of brain nuclei located in the medulla oblongata" [GO:0021723] comment: note that ZFA:0000421 is part of the the medulla oblongata, so it is placed here, rather than with the generic term subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [FMA:72241] synonym: "medulla oblongata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001049] synonym: "metepencephalon reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation" BROAD [ZFA:0000421] synonym: "reticular formation of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72241] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalic reticular formation" EXACT [GO:0021723] xref: ABA:MDRN xref: BM:Me-MeRF xref: FMA:72241 xref: GAID:588 xref: MA:0001049 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1020 xref: SCTID:369059009 xref: TAO:0000421 xref: ZFA:0000421 is_a: UBERON:0002275 {source="FMA"} ! reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 intersection_of: UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002560 name: temporal operculum synonym: "facies supratemporalis" EXACT [FMA:74891] xref: FMA:74891 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1025 xref: SCTID:369222001 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002561 name: neuraxis cavity synonym: "cavity of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:75007] synonym: "cavity of ventricular system of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:75007] synonym: "neuraxis cavity" EXACT [FMA:75007] xref: FMA:75007 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1029 is_a: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002562 name: superior frontal sulcus def: "The superior frontal sulcus is a sulcus between the superior frontal gyrus and the middle frontal gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_frontal_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sulcus f1" EXACT [FMA:83755] synonym: "sulcus frontalis primus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1030] synonym: "sulcus frontalis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1030] synonym: "sulcus frontalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_frontal_sulcus] synonym: "superior frontal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83755] xref: FMA:83755 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray726_Superior_frontal_sulcus.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Gray726_Superior_frontal_sulcus.svg/200px-Gray726_Superior_frontal_sulcus.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Frontal_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1030 xref: SCTID:279342009 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002563 name: central nucleus of inferior colliculus synonym: "chief nucleus of inferior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72413] synonym: "inferior colliculus, central nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72413] synonym: "nucleus of inferior colliculus (crosby)" EXACT [] xref: ABA:ICc xref: BM:MB-Tec-ICC xref: FMA:72413 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1035 is_a: UBERON:0002917 ! regional part of inferior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002571 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002564 name: lateral orbital gyrus xref: FMA:62418 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1036 xref: SCTID:279195001 is_a: UBERON:0007193 ! orbital gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002565 name: olivary pretectal nucleus def: "The pretectum, also known as the pretectal area, is a region of neurons found between the thalamus and midbrain. It receives binocular sensory input from retinal ganglion cells of the eyes, and is the region responsible for maintaining the pupillary light reflex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olivary_pretectal_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior pretectal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72405] synonym: "nucleus pretectalis anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72405, FMA:TA] synonym: "olivary nucleus of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72405] synonym: "pretectal olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72405] xref: ABA:OP xref: BM:MB-Tec-OPT xref: FMA:72405 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1037 is_a: UBERON:0003047 ! regional part of pretectal region is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002711 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002996 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006848 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002566 name: superior precentral sulcus synonym: "precentral dimple" EXACT [FMA:83763] synonym: "sulcus praecentralis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1038] synonym: "sulcus precentralis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1038] synonym: "superior part of precentral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83763] xref: FMA:83763 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1038 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002567 name: basal part of pons synonym: "basal portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244] synonym: "base of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244] synonym: "basilar part of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244] synonym: "pars basilaris pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72244, FMA:TA] synonym: "pons proper" EXACT [FMA:72244] synonym: "ventral portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:72244] xref: FMA:72244 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1043 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_part UBERON:0002152 ! middle cerebellar peduncle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0002568 name: amiculum of dentate nucleus synonym: "dentate nuclear amiculum" EXACT [FMA:72546] xref: FMA:72546 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1044 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002132 ! dentate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002569 name: transverse temporal sulcus xref: FMA:83782 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1045 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002570 name: medial orbital gyrus xref: FMA:62419 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1046 xref: SCTID:279194002 is_a: UBERON:0007193 ! orbital gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002571 name: external nucleus of inferior colliculus xref: ABA:ICe xref: BM:MB-Tec-ICX xref: FMA:72412 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1047 is_a: UBERON:0002917 ! regional part of inferior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002563 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002572 name: principal pretectal nucleus xref: FMA:72402 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1048 is_a: UBERON:0003047 ! regional part of pretectal region is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region [Term] id: UBERON:0002573 name: pontine reticular formation def: "The reticular formation is a part of the brain that is involved in actions such as awaking/sleeping cycle, and filtering incoming stimuli to discriminate irrelevant background stimuli. It is essential for governing some of the basic functions of higher organisms, and is one of the phylogenetically oldest portions of the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_reticular_formation] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pons of varolius reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pontine reticular nucleus" EXACT [ABA:PRNr] synonym: "reticular formation of pons" EXACT [FMA:68876] synonym: "reticular formation of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: ABA:PRNr xref: BM:Pons-PRF xref: FMA:68876 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gray701.png/200px-Gray701.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1050 xref: SCTID:362403007 is_a: UBERON:0002275 {source="FMA"} ! reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 intersection_of: UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002574 name: regional part of inferior olivary complex def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a inferior olivary complex [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of inferior olivary complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of inferior olivary nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of inferior olive" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of inferior olivary complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of inferior olivary nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of inferior olive" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of inferior olivary complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of inferior olivary nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of inferior olive" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of inferior olivary complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of inferior olivary nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of inferior olive" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary complex anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary complex biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary complex brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary complex brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary complex neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary complex regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary complex segment" EXACT [FMA:71259] synonym: "inferior olivary complex segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclear complex anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclear complex biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclear complex brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclear complex brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclear complex neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclear complex regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nuclear complex segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nucleus anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nucleus biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nucleus brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nucleus brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nucleus neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nucleus regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olivary nucleus segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olive anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olive biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olive brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olive brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olive neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olive regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior olive segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of inferior olivary complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of inferior olivary nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of inferior olive" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of inferior olivary complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of inferior olivary nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of inferior olive" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of inferior olivary complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of inferior olivary nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of inferior olive" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of inferior olivary complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1052] xref: FMA:71259 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1052 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002127 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002127 ! inferior olivary complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002127 ! inferior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002575 name: posterior orbital gyrus xref: FMA:80184 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1054 xref: SCTID:279197009 is_a: UBERON:0007193 ! orbital gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002576 name: temporal pole def: "The anterior end of the hemisphere is named the frontal pole. The posterior end is named the occipital pole. The anterior end of the temporal lobe, the temporal pole. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Temporal_pole] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "polus temporalis" EXACT [NeuroNames:126] xref: FMA:74890 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1055 xref: SCTID:314155002 is_a: UBERON:0009899 ! pole of cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 intersection_of: UBERON:0009899 ! pole of cerebral hemisphere intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002577 name: pericentral nucleus of inferior colliculus synonym: "cortex of inferior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72411] xref: BM:MB-Tec-ICP xref: FMA:72411 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1056 is_a: UBERON:0002917 ! regional part of inferior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0002578 name: sublentiform nucleus xref: FMA:72404 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1057 is_a: UBERON:0003047 ! regional part of pretectal region is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region [Term] id: UBERON:0002579 name: regional part of medullary reticular formation def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a medullary reticular formation [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of medulla oblongata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of medulla oblonmgata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of medullary reticular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of metepencephalon reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of reticular formation of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of reticular formation of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of reticular formation of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of reticular formation of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of rhombencephalic reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of medulla oblongata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of medulla oblonmgata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of medullary reticular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of metepencephalon reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of reticular formation of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of reticular formation of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of reticular formation of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of reticular formation of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of rhombencephalic reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of medulla oblongata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of medulla oblonmgata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of medullary reticular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of metepencephalon reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of reticular formation of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of reticular formation of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of reticular formation of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of reticular formation of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of rhombencephalic reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of medulla oblongata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of medulla oblonmgata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of medullary reticular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of metepencephalon reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of reticular formation of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of reticular formation of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of reticular formation of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of reticular formation of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of rhombencephalic reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb reticular formation anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb reticular formation biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb reticular formation brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb reticular formation brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb reticular formation neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb reticular formation regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb reticular formation segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbar reticular formation anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbar reticular formation biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbar reticular formation brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbar reticular formation brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbar reticular formation neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbar reticular formation regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbar reticular formation segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata reticular formation anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata reticular formation biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata reticular formation brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata reticular formation brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata reticular formation neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata reticular formation regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata reticular formation segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata reticular formation anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata reticular formation biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata reticular formation brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata reticular formation brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata reticular formation neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata reticular formation regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata reticular formation segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular formation anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular formation biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular formation brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular formation brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular formation neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular formation regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular formation segment" EXACT [FMA:73730] synonym: "medullary reticular formation segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular nucleus anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular nucleus biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular nucleus brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular nucleus brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular nucleus neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular nucleus regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary reticular nucleus segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon reticular formation anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon reticular formation biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon reticular formation brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon reticular formation brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon reticular formation neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon reticular formation regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon reticular formation segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of medulla oblongata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of medulla oblonmgata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of medullary reticular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of metepencephalon reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of reticular formation of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of reticular formation of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of reticular formation of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of reticular formation of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of rhombencephalic reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of medulla oblongata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of medulla oblonmgata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of medullary reticular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of metepencephalon reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of reticular formation of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of reticular formation of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of reticular formation of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of reticular formation of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of rhombencephalic reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of bulb anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of bulb biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of bulb brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of bulb brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of bulb neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of bulb regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of bulb segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblongata anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblongata biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblongata brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblongata brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblongata neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblongata regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblongata segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of medulla segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of metepencephalon anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of metepencephalon biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of metepencephalon brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of metepencephalon brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of metepencephalon neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of metepencephalon regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular formation of metepencephalon segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalic reticular formation anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalic reticular formation biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalic reticular formation brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalic reticular formation brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalic reticular formation neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalic reticular formation regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalic reticular formation segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of bulb reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of bulbar reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of medulla oblongata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of medulla oblonmgata reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of medullary reticular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of metepencephalon reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of reticular formation of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of reticular formation of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of reticular formation of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of reticular formation of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of reticular formation of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of rhombencephalic reticular formation" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1060] xref: FMA:73730 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1060 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002559 ! medullary reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 ! medullary reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0002580 name: brachium of superior colliculus def: "The brachium of superior colliculus (or superior brachium) extends lateralward from the superior colliculus, and, passing between the pulvinar and medial geniculate body, is partly continued into an eminence called the lateral geniculate body, and partly into the optic tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_superior_colliculus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachium colliculi superioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_superior_colliculus] synonym: "superior brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417] synonym: "superior collicular brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417] synonym: "superior colliculus brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417] synonym: "superior quadrigeminal brachium" EXACT [FMA:72417] xref: BM:MB-BSC xref: FMA:72417 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1065 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0002581 name: postcentral gyrus def: "The lateral postcentral gyrus is a prominent structure in the parietal lobe of the human brain and an important landmark. It was initially defined from surface stimulation studies of Penfield, and parallel surface potential studies of Bard, Woolsey, and Marshall. Although initially defined to be roughly the same as Brodmann areas 3, 1 and 2, more recent work by Kaas has suggested that for homogeny with other sensory fields only area 3 should be referred to as 'primary somatosensory cortex', as it received the bulk of the thalamocortical projection from the sensory input fields. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Postcentral_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "postcentral convolution" EXACT [FMA:61896] synonym: "posterior central gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61896] synonym: "postrolandic gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61896] xref: BTO:0004354 xref: EFO:0001383 xref: FMA:61896 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Postcentral_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Postcentral_gyrus.png/200px-Postcentral_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Postcentral_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1070 xref: SCTID:279167001 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002582 name: anterior calcarine sulcus synonym: "anterior calcarine fissure" EXACT [FMA:83750] synonym: "sulcus calcarinus anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1072] xref: FMA:83750 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1072 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002583 name: commissure of superior colliculus def: "A commissure that is part of a superior colliculus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior corpus quadrigeminum commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of anterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of anterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of cranial colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of optic tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of superior colliculi" EXACT [FMA:72418] synonym: "cranial colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intertectal commissure" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0000684] synonym: "optic tectum commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior colliculus commissure" EXACT [FMA:72418] xref: BM:MB-Tec-SC-SCX xref: FMA:72418 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1073 xref: SCTID:369258008 xref: TAO:0000684 xref: ZFA:0000684 is_a: UBERON:0005970 ! brain commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0002584 name: regional part of vestibular nuclear complex def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a vestibular nuclear complex [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of vestibular nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of vestibular nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of vestibular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of vestibular nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of vestibular nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of vestibular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of vestibular nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of vestibular nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of vestibular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of vestibular nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of vestibular nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of vestibular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of vestibular nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of vestibular nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of vestibular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of vestibular nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of vestibular nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of vestibular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of vestibular nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of vestibular nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of vestibular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of vestibular nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1080] synonym: "vestibular nuclear complex anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclear complex biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclear complex brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclear complex brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclear complex neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclear complex regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclear complex segment" EXACT [FMA:71267] synonym: "vestibular nuclear complex segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nuclei segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nucleus anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nucleus biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nucleus brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nucleus brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nucleus neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nucleus regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vestibular nucleus segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:71267 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1080 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002673 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002673 ! vestibular nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002673 ! vestibular nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002585 name: central tegmental tract of midbrain xref: FMA:72456 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1081 xref: SCTID:369243000 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002586 name: calcarine sulcus def: "The calcarine fissure is an anatomical landmark located at the caudal end of the medial surface of the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Calcarine_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calcarine fissure" EXACT [FMA:83749] synonym: "sulcus calcarinus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1086] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-CAS xref: FMA:83749 xref: ncithesaurus:Calcarine_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1086 xref: SCTID:279355005 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002587 name: nucleus subceruleus synonym: "nucleus subcaeruleus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72479, FMA:TA] synonym: "subcaerulean nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72479] synonym: "subceruleus nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "subcoeruleus nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:SLC xref: FMA:72479 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1088 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003004 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002588 name: decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle alt_id: UBERON:0003032 def: "Regional part of superior cerebellar peduncle located in the caudal midbrain, at the level of the inferior colliculus, consisting of a large bundle of fibers crossing the midline. It contains fibers projecting from the deep cerebellar nucleus to the midbrain and thalamus through the superior cerebellar peduncle (MM). The decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle is the portion of the superior cerebellar peduncle which crosses into the midbrain. [WP,unvetted]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1089, Wikipedia:Decussation_of_superior_cerebellar_peduncle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "decussatio pedunculorum cerebellarium superiorum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72455, FMA:TA] synonym: "decussation of brachium conjunctivum" EXACT [FMA:72455] synonym: "decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles" EXACT [FMA:72455] synonym: "superior cerebellar peduncle decussation" EXACT [FMA:72455] synonym: "Wernekink's decussation" EXACT [FMA:72455] xref: BM:BCX xref: FMA:72455 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gray711.png/200px-Gray711.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1089 xref: SCTID:369252009 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="FMA"} ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002150 ! superior cerebellar peduncle [Term] id: UBERON:0002589 name: lateral corticospinal tract def: "The lateral corticospinal tract (also called the crossed pyramidal tract or lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus) is the largest part of the corticospinal tract. It extends throughout the entire length of the medulla spinalis, and on transverse section appears as an oval area in front of the posterior column and medial to the posterior spinocerebellar tract. Its fibres arise from cells in the motor area of the cerebral hemisphere of the opposite side. They pass downward in company with those of the anterior corticospinal tract through the same side of the brain as that from which they originate, but they cross to the opposite side in the medulla oblongata and descend in the lateral funiculus of the medulla spinalis. The lateral corticospinal tract controls movement of contralateral limbs. Control of more central axial and girdle muscles comes from the anterior corticospinal tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_corticospinal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral pyramidal tract" EXACT [FMA:72635] synonym: "tractus corticospinalis lateralis, fasciculus cerebrospinalis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_corticospinal_tract] xref: FMA:72635 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1095 xref: SCTID:369091005 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002590 name: prepyriform area synonym: "(pre-)piriform cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097] synonym: "gyrus olfactorius lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62484, FMA:TA] synonym: "lateral olfactory gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62484] synonym: "piriform cortex (price)" EXACT [] synonym: "piriform olfactory cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097] synonym: "prepiriform cortex" EXACT [FMA:62484] synonym: "prepyriform cortex" EXACT [FMA:62484] synonym: "pyriform area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097] xref: ABA:PIR xref: BM:Tel-PRP xref: FMA:62484 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097 xref: SCTID:369104008 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002591 name: oral part of spinal trigeminal nucleus xref: ABA:SPVO xref: FMA:235322 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1100 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001717 ! spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002592 name: juxtarestiform body def: "The juxtarestiform body is a subdivision of the inferior cerebellar peduncle, which comprises both the juxtarestiform and restiform bodies. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Juxtarestiform_body] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:72613 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gray677.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1101 xref: SCTID:110687007 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002593 name: orbital operculum xref: FMA:74887 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1102 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002594 name: dentatothalamic tract def: "The dentatothalamic tract (or dentatorubrothalamic tract) is a tract which connects the dentate nucleus and the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dentatothalamic_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dentatothalamic fibers" EXACT [FMA:72462] synonym: "tractus dentatothalamicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dentatothalamic_tract] xref: FMA:72462 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1104 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002595 name: orbital sulcus synonym: "cruciate sulcus of campbell" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1112] synonym: "orbital sulci" EXACT [FMA:83770] synonym: "sulcus orbitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1112] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-ORS xref: FMA:83770 xref: ncithesaurus:Orbital_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1112 xref: SCTID:314143008 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002596 name: ventral posterior nucleus def: "The ventral posterior nucleus is the somato-sensory relay nucleus in thalamus of the brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_posterior_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus ventrales posteriores" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1116] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1116] synonym: "ventral posterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62187] synonym: "ventrobasal complex" EXACT [FMA:62187] synonym: "ventrobasal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62187] xref: BM:Die-Th-VPI xref: BTO:0004373 xref: BTO:0004374 xref: EV:0100209 xref: FMA:62187 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1116 xref: SCTID:279147005 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002776 {source="FMA"} ! ventral nuclear group [Term] id: UBERON:0002597 name: principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve def: "The principal sensory nucleus (or chief sensory nucleus of V) is a group of second order neurons which have cell bodies in the dorsal Pons. It receives information about discriminative sensation and light touch of the face as well as conscious proprioception of the jaw via first order neurons of CN V. Most of the sensory information crosses the midline and travels to the contralateral ventral posteriomedial (VPM) of the thalamus via the Ventral Trigeminothalamic Tract, but information of the oral cavity travels to the ipsilateral Ventral Posteriomedial (VPM) of the thalamus via the Dorsal Trigeminothalamic Tract. [WP,unvetted]." [GO:0021730, Wikipedia:Chief_sensory_nucleus] comment: GO has pontine nucleus as a child of trigeminal sensory nucleus, WP says this is a synonym, but we have a separate class for this - UBERON:0002151 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "chief sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "main sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "main sensory nucleus of cranial nerve v" EXACT [] synonym: "pontine nucleus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [GO:0021740, Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nuclei] synonym: "principal sensory nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "principal sensory trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "principal trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "superior trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "superior trigeminal sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "trigeminal nerve superior sensory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54533] synonym: "trigeminal V chief sensory nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002740] synonym: "trigeminal V principal sensory nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002740] xref: ABA:PSV xref: BM:VP xref: EHDAA2:0004628 xref: EV:0100274 xref: FMA:54533 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0002740 xref: ncithesaurus:Principal_Sensory_Nucleus_of_the_Trigeminal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1120 xref: SCTID:369031008 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004132 {source="MA"} ! trigeminal sensory nucleus is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="NIF"} ! pontine tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002128 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006840 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007634 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002598 name: paracentral sulcus synonym: "sulcus subcentralis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1121] xref: FMA:83762 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1121 xref: SCTID:369228002 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002599 name: medial olfactory gyrus xref: FMA:74509 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1127 xref: SCTID:369103002 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 ! basal nucleus of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002600 name: limbic lobe def: "The limbic lobe (also known as the Cingulate) is a portion of the brain associated with functions such as olfaction and emotion. It contains parts of other lobes, including the frontal, parietal, and temporal. Its main components are the fornicate gyrus, the hippocampus, and the amygdala It is related to the term limbic system, but unlike that term, 'limbic lobe' is a part of the Terminologia Anatomica, and there is less disagreement over what is included in the 'limbic lobe' than there is over what is included in the 'limbic system'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Limbic_lobe] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fornicate gyrus" EXACT [FMA:72719] synonym: "grande lobe limbique of broca" EXACT [] synonym: "limbic lobe (carpenter)" EXACT [] synonym: "lobus limbicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Limbic_lobe] xref: FMA:72719 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Human_brain_inferior-medial_view_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Human_brain_inferior-medial_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_inferior-medial_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1128 xref: SCTID:279215006 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002601 name: fasciolar gyrus def: "a small paired band that passes around the splenium of the corpus callosum from the lateral longitudinal stria to the dentate gyrus[Biology-Online]. A posterior and upward extension of the dentate gyrus, forming a transitional area between the dentate gyrus and the indusium griseum[BTO]." [BTO:0002497, http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Fasciolar_gyrus] comment: TODO - existing definitions, synonyms and relationships in existing AOs seem contradictory; to be resolved. We take the dentate gyrus relationship from BTO, and it is also implied by the FMA synonym. However, FMA says archiortex (embryonic archicortex corresponds to the cortex of the dentate gyrus and hippocampus) and NIF says limbic lobe (which is more general than hippocampus). ABA xref made on basis of BTO related synonym synonym: "fasciola cinerea" RELATED [BTO:0002497] synonym: "gyrus fasciolaris" RELATED [BTO:0002497] synonym: "retrosplenial gyrus of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:61921] xref: ABA:FC xref: BTO:0002497 xref: FMA:61921 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1129 xref: SCTID:279210001 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001885 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001954 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002602 name: emboliform nucleus def: "The emboliform nucleus lies immediately to the medial side of the nucleus dentatus, and partly covering its hilus. It is one among the four pairs of cerebellar nuclei, which are from lateral to medial: the dentate, interposed (emboliform and globose), and fastigial nuclei. These nuclei can be seen using the Weigert method staining. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Emboliform_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior interposed nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72538] synonym: "anterior interpositus nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72538] synonym: "nucleus emboliformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Emboliform_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus interpositus anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72538, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72538 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1135 is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002603 name: paraterminal gyrus def: "The paraterminal gyrus (subcallosal gyrus, peduncle of the corpus callosum) is a narrow lamina on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the lamina terminalis, behind the parolfactory area, and below the rostrum of the corpus callosum. It is continuous around the genu of the corpus callosum with the supracallosal gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Paraterminal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus paraterminalis, gyrus subcallosus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paraterminal_gyrus] synonym: "precommissural hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:61919] synonym: "subcallosal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61919] xref: FMA:61919 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1138 is_a: UBERON:0002665 ! supracallosal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002604 name: ventral nucleus of lateral lemniscus def: "The lateral lemniscus is a tract of axons in the brainstem that carries information about sound from the cochlear nucleus to various brainstem nuclei and ultimately the contralateral inferior colliculus of the midbrain. Three distinct, primarily inhibitory, cellular groups are located interspersed within these fibers, and are thus named the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_nucleus_of_the_lateral_lemniscus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior nucleus of lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72484] synonym: "nucleus anterior lemnisci lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72484, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, ventral part" EXACT [ABA:NLLv] synonym: "ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72484] xref: ABA:NLLv xref: BM:LLV xref: FMA:72484 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lateral_lemniscus.PNG/200px-Lateral_lemniscus.PNG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1140 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0006840 ! nucleus of lateral lemniscus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA", source="NIF"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002605 name: precentral operculum xref: FMA:74888 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1141 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002606 name: neuropil def: "A dense intricate feltwork of interwoven fine glial processes, fibrils, synaptic terminals, axons, and dendrites interspersed among the nerve cells of the central nervous system[MESH]" [MESH:A.08.637.500, Wikipedia:Neuropil] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "neuropilus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neuropil] xref: FBbt:00005139 xref: FMA:261269 xref: GAID:740 xref: MESH:A.08.637.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Neuropil xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1142 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao205380252 xref: SCTID:67146008 is_a: UBERON:0011215 ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 {source="FBbt"} ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0002607 name: superior rostral sulcus synonym: "sulcus rostralis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1143] xref: FMA:83766 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1143 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002608 name: caudal part of ventral lateral nucleus synonym: "dorsal part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus dorsooralis (van buren)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144] synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius mediodorsalis situs dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144] synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis, pars caudalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144] synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62194] synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62194] xref: FMA:62194 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1144 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002609 name: spinothalamic tract of midbrain xref: FMA:72463 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1150 xref: SCTID:369090006 is_a: UBERON:0007702 {source="FMA"} ! tract of brain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0007703 ! spinothalamic tract [Term] id: UBERON:0002610 name: cochlear nuclear complex def: "The cochlear nuclei consist of: (a) the dorsal cochlear nucleus, corresponding to the tuberculum acusticum on the dorso-lateral surface of the inferior peduncle; and (b) the ventral or accessory cochlear nucleus, placed between the two divisions of the nerve, on the ventral aspect of the inferior peduncle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cochlear_nuclei] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cochlear nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72240] synonym: "nuclei cochleares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cochlear_nuclei] xref: ABA:CN xref: BM:Me-Co xref: EV:0100260 xref: FMA:72240 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray691.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Nuclei xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1151 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002611 name: obsolete node of ranvier def: "." [Wikipedia:Node_of_ranvier] comment: in GO subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ranvier node" EXACT [FMA:67368] synonym: "ranvier's node" EXACT [FMA:67368] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0002612 name: transverse orbital sulcus synonym: "sulcus orbitalis transversus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1155] xref: FMA:83771 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1155 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002613 name: globose nucleus def: "The globose nucleus is one of the deep cerebellar nuclei. It is located medial to the emboliform nucleus and lateral to the fastigial nucleus. This nucleus contains primarily large and small multipolar neurons. The globose nucleus and emboliform nucleus are occasionally referred to collectively as the interposed nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Globose_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus globosus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Globose_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus interpositus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72536, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior interposed nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72536] synonym: "posterior interpositus nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72536] xref: FMA:72536 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray707.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1158 is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002614 name: medial part of ventral lateral nucleus synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami, pars medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159] synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis medialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159] synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62195] synonym: "ventral medial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62195] synonym: "ventral medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159] xref: ABA:VM xref: BM:Die-Th-VM xref: FMA:62195 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1159 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002615 name: ventral tegmental decussation synonym: "anterior tegmental decussation" EXACT [FMA:72452] synonym: "decussatio tegmentalis anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72452, FMA:TA] synonym: "decussation of forel" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral tegmental decussation of forel" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72452 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1163 xref: SCTID:369249001 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002616 name: regional part of brain def: "A multi-tissue structure that is part of a brain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain part" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis segment" EXACT [FMA:55676] synonym: "segment of brain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1167] xref: FMA:55676 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Part xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1167 xref: SCTID:384763002 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002617 name: pars postrema of ventral lateral nucleus synonym: "nucleus dorsointermedius externus magnocellularis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170] synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius mediodorsalis situs postremus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170] synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami, pars postrema" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170] synonym: "posterodorsal part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus (pars postrema)" EXACT [FMA:62196] xref: FMA:62196 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1170 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002618 name: trochlear nerve fibers alt_id: UBERON:0002674 synonym: "central part of trochlear nerve" EXACT [FMA:71116] synonym: "trochlear nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:71116] synonym: "trochlear nerve root" EXACT [FMA:71116] synonym: "trochlear nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:71116] xref: FMA:71116 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1172 is_a: UBERON:0006843 {source="FMA"} ! root of cranial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0002619 name: regional part of cerebral cortex alt_id: UBERON:0003208 def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebral cortex [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - check MA term subset: non_informative synonym: "cerebral cortex part" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebral cortex region" RELATED [MA:0000187] synonym: "neocortex region" EXACT [MA:0000187] synonym: "region of cerebral cortex" EXACT [FMA:242193] synonym: "segment of cerebral cortex" NARROW [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1173] xref: FMA:242193 xref: MA:0000187 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1173 xref: SCTID:119408004 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002620 name: tuber cinereum def: "The tuber cinereum is a hollow eminence of gray matter situated between the mammilary bodies and the optic chiasm. The tuber cinereum is part of the hypothalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tuber_cinereum] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:62327 xref: GAID:649 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray724.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray724.png/200px-Gray724.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.352.870 xref: ncithesaurus:Tuber_Cinereum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1189 xref: SCTID:362381006 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0002621 name: regional part of cochlear nuclear complex def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cochlear nuclear complex [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of cochlear nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of cochlear nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of cochlear nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of cochlear nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of cochlear nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of cochlear nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of cochlear nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of cochlear nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclear complex anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclear complex biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclear complex brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclear complex brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclear complex neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclear complex regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclear complex segment" EXACT [FMA:83952] synonym: "cochlear nuclear complex segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclei anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclei biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclei brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclei brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclei neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclei regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear nuclei segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of cochlear nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of cochlear nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of cochlear nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of cochlear nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of cochlear nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of cochlear nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of cochlear nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1195] xref: FMA:83952 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1195 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002610 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002610 ! cochlear nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002610 ! cochlear nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002622 name: preoptic periventricular nucleus def: "The preoptic periventricular nucleus is located along the midline and is medial to the medial preoptic nucleus.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area#Preoptic_periventricular_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus preopticus periventricularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62324, FMA:TA] synonym: "periventricular preoptic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62324] synonym: "preoptic periventricular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62324] xref: FMA:62324 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1201 xref: SCTID:369127000 is_a: UBERON:0007251 ! preoptic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area [Term] id: UBERON:0002623 name: cerebral peduncle def: "The cerebral peduncle, by most classifications, is everything in the mesencephalon except the tectum. The region includes the midbrain tegmentum, crus cerebri, substantia nigra and pretectum. By this definition, the cerebral peduncles are also known as the basis pedunculi, while the large ventral bundle of efferent fibers is referred to as the crus cerebri or the pes pedunculi There are numerous nerve tracts located within this section of the brainstem. Of note, in the cerebral peduncular loop fibers from motor areas of the brain project to the cerebral peduncle and then project to various thalamic nuclei. In as much as the peduncles are an anatomic landmark, for details regarding the function of this area interested readers are referred to the individual referenced articles. On a broad scale, though, this area contains many nerve tracts conveying motor information to and from the brain to the rest of the body. Important fibers running through the cerebral peduncles include the corticospinal tract and the corticobulbar tract, among others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_peduncle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebral peduncle" EXACT [FMA:62394] synonym: "peduncle of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:62394] synonym: "pedunculus cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62394, FMA:TA] synonym: "pedunculus cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_peduncle] xref: BM:CP xref: BTO:0004676 xref: EFO:0001987 xref: FMA:62394 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Gray689.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Gray689.png/200px-Gray689.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Peduncle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1202 xref: SCTID:362391000 is_a: UBERON:0007417 {source="FMA"} ! peduncle of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_part UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: has_part UBERON:0002038 ! substantia nigra [Term] id: UBERON:0002624 name: orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus synonym: "inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part" EXACT [FMA:61982] synonym: "pars orbitalis gyri frontalis inferioris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1207] xref: FMA:61982 xref: ncithesaurus:Orbital_Part_of_the_Inferior_Frontal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1207 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0002625 name: median preoptic nucleus def: "The median preoptic nucleus is located along the midline in a position significantly dorsal to the other 3 preoptic nuclei, at least in the macaca fascicularis brain. It wraps around the top (dorsal), front, and bottom (ventral) surfaces of the anterior commissure. The median preoptic nucleus generates thirst. Drinking decreases noradrenaline release in the median preoptic nucleus." [Wikipedia:Preoptic_area#Median_preoptic_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim xref: ABA:MEPO xref: BM:MPO xref: FMA:62323 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1208 is_a: UBERON:0007251 ! preoptic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002626 name: head of caudate nucleus synonym: "caput (caudatus)" EXACT [FMA:61852] synonym: "caudate nuclear head" EXACT [FMA:61852] xref: EMAPA:18547 xref: FMA:61852 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1212 xref: SCTID:279298007 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002627 name: capsule of medial geniculate body synonym: "capsula corporis geniculati medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1214] synonym: "medial geniculate body capsule" EXACT [FMA:62049] xref: FMA:62049 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1214 is_a: UBERON:0003931 ! diencephalic white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body [Term] id: UBERON:0002628 name: tail of caudate nucleus synonym: "caudate nuclear tail" EXACT [FMA:61854] xref: EMAPA:18548 xref: FMA:61854 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1215 xref: SCTID:279299004 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002629 name: triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus synonym: "pars triangularis gyri frontalis inferioris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1216] xref: FMA:61980 xref: ncithesaurus:Triangular_Part_of_the_Inferior_Frontal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1216 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0002630 name: body of caudate nucleus synonym: "caudate nuclear body" EXACT [FMA:61853] synonym: "corpus (caudatus)" EXACT [FMA:61853] xref: FMA:61853 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1217 xref: SCTID:314175006 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002631 name: cerebral crus def: "The cerebral crus is the anterior portion of the cerebral peduncle which contains the motor tracts, the plural of which is cerebral crura. In some older texts, it is used as a synonym for the entire cerebral peduncle, not just the anterior portion of it. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_crus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "base of cerebral peduncle" RELATED [BTO:0004677] synonym: "cerebral peduncle (clinical definition)" EXACT [FMA:72464] synonym: "crus cerebri" EXACT [EV:0100243] synonym: "crus cerebri" RELATED [BTO:0004677] synonym: "crus cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebral_crus] xref: BTO:0004677 xref: EV:0100243 xref: FMA:72464 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Crus_Cerebri xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1218 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002623 {source="BTO"} ! cerebral peduncle [Term] id: UBERON:0002632 name: medial part of medial mammillary nucleus synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus (carpenter)" EXACT [] synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62345] synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus, median part" EXACT [FMA:62345] synonym: "medial subdivision of medial mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62345] xref: ABA:Mmme xref: FMA:62345 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1220 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002633 name: motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve def: "The trigeminal motor nucleus contains motor neurons that innervate muscles of the first branchial arch, namely the muscles of mastication, the tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, and anterior belly of the digastric." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_motor_nucleus] comment: note this in ZFA this is part of the medulla; pons is a dubious structure for zebrafish subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "motor nucleus of cranial nerve v" EXACT [] synonym: "motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:54562] synonym: "motor nucleus V" EXACT [ZFA:0001365] synonym: "motor trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [BTO:0001075] synonym: "nucleus motorius nervi trigemini" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54562, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus motorius nervi trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_motor_nucleus] synonym: "nV" EXACT [ZFA:0001365] synonym: "trigeminal motor nuclei" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001365] synonym: "trigeminal motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0001365] synonym: "trigeminal V motor nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001029] xref: ABA:V xref: BM:Vm xref: BTO:0001075 xref: EV:0100273 xref: FMA:54562 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001029 xref: ncithesaurus:Motor_Nucleus_of_the_Trigeminal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1222 xref: SCTID:38390003 xref: TAO:0001365 xref: VHOG:0001355 xref: ZFA:0001365 is_a: UBERON:0000126 {source="FMA"} ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0002925 ! trigeminal nucleus is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 {source="ABA"} ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0002925 {source="MA"} ! trigeminal nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="NIF"} ! pontine tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002634 name: anterior nucleus of hypothalamus def: "The Anterior hypothalamic nucleus is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. Its function is thermoregulation (the maintenance of body temperature between certain parameters) of the body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_hypothalamic_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior hypothalamic area" EXACT [FMA:62319] synonym: "anterior hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62319] synonym: "area hypothalamica rostralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62319, FMA:TA] synonym: "fundamental gray substance" EXACT [FMA:62319] synonym: "nucleus anterior hypothalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_hypothalamic_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus anterior hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002450] synonym: "parvocellular nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62319] xref: ABA:AHN xref: BM:Die-Hy-HAA xref: BTO:0002450 xref: EV:0100231 xref: FMA:62319 xref: GAID:642 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/HypothalamicNuclei.PNG/200px-HypothalamicNuclei.PNG xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.342.063 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1226 xref: SCTID:369133009 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007251 ! preoptic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002635 name: regional part of midbrain tegmentum subset: non_informative synonym: "midbrain tegmentum segment" EXACT [FMA:62399] synonym: "segment of midbrain tegmentum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1227] xref: FMA:62399 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1227 is_a: UBERON:0002950 ! regional part of midbrain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002636 name: lateral pulvinar nucleus synonym: "lateral pulvinar nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62181] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris lateralis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris thalami, pars lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228] xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Pll xref: FMA:62181 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1228 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002637 name: ventral anterior nucleus def: "The ventral anterior nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_anterior_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus lateropolaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232] synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232] synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232] synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ventral_anterior_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus ventralis thalami anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232] synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62184] synonym: "ventral anterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62184] synonym: "ventroanterior nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [] synonym: "ventroanterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232] xref: BM:Die-Th-VA xref: BTO:0002468 xref: EV:0100199 xref: FMA:62184 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: ncithesaurus:Ventroanterior_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1232 xref: SCTID:279131008 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002638 name: medial pulvinar nucleus synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris thalami, pars medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233] xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Plm xref: FMA:62182 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1233 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002639 name: midbrain reticular formation synonym: "reticular formation of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:62406] synonym: "tegmental reticular formation" EXACT [FMA:62406] xref: BM:MB-MBRF xref: FMA:62406 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1235 xref: SCTID:369234009 is_a: UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0002635 ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0002275 ! reticular formation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: has_part UBERON:0002142 ! pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002640 name: cuneocerebellar tract def: "The posterior external arcuate fibers (dorsal external arcuate fibers) take origin in the gracile and cuneate nuclei; they pass to the inferior peduncle of the same side. It is uncertain whether fibers are continued directly from the gracile and cuneate fasciculi into the inferior peduncle. The term 'cuneocerebellar tract' is sometimes used to collectively refer to the posterior external arcuate fibers. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cuneocerebellar_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cuneocerebellar fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1238] xref: FMA:72637 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Gray699.png/200px-Gray699.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1238 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002641 name: oral pulvinar nucleus synonym: "anterior pulvinar nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62180] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62180, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1239] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris oralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1239] synonym: "oral nuclear group of pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62180] synonym: "oral part of pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62180] synonym: "oral portion of pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62180] xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Pla xref: FMA:62180 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1239 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002642 name: cuneate fasciculus of medulla comment: TODO - change definition to be the *whole* of the CF in the MO. isa parentage to fasciculus of brain should be inferred xref: FMA:72623 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1242 is_a: UBERON:0005832 ! cuneate fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007702 ! tract of brain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 intersection_of: UBERON:0005832 ! cuneate fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002643 name: decussation of medial lemniscus def: "The sensory decussation or decussation of the lemniscus is a decussation or cross over of axons from the gracile nucleus and cuneate nucleus. The fibres of this decussation are called the internal arcuate fibres and are found at the superior aspect of the closed medulla superior to the motor decussation. It is part of the second neuron in the Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sensory_decussation] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "decussatio lemnisci medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sensory_decussation] synonym: "decussation of lemnisci" EXACT [FMA:72622] synonym: "decussation of lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72622] synonym: "decussation of medial lemnisci" EXACT [FMA:72622] synonym: "medial lemniscus decussation" EXACT [FMA:72622] synonym: "medullary sensory decussation" EXACT [FMA:72622] synonym: "sensory decussation" EXACT [FMA:72622] xref: BM:Me-LMX xref: FMA:72622 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray759.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray759.png/200px-Gray759.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1245 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002644 name: intermediate orbital gyrus xref: FMA:80183 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1247 is_a: UBERON:0007193 ! orbital gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002645 name: densocellular part of medial dorsal nucleus synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis paralamellaris (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1255] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars densocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1255] xref: FMA:62163 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1255 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002646 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of medulla def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a medulla [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72617 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1257 is_a: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 intersection_of: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002647 name: magnocellular part of medial dorsal nucleus synonym: "dorsomedial thalamic nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62161] synonym: "magnocellular mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62161] synonym: "magnocellular nucleus of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62161] synonym: "magnocellular part of dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62161] synonym: "magnocellular part of mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262] synonym: "nucleus medialis fibrosus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262] synonym: "nucleus medialis fibrosus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262] synonym: "pars magnocellularis nuclei mediodorsalis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62161, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:62161 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1262 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002739 {source="FMA"} ! medial dorsal nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002648 name: anterior median eminence xref: FMA:74870 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1264 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002197 ! median eminence of neurohypophysis [Term] id: UBERON:0002649 name: dorsolateral fasciculus of medulla def: "." [Wikipedia:Lissauer's_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsolateral tract" EXACT [FMA:72616] synonym: "lissauer's tract" EXACT [FMA:72616] synonym: "posterolateral fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72616] synonym: "posterolateral tract" EXACT [FMA:72616] synonym: "tract of lissauer" EXACT [] synonym: "tractus posterolateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72616, FMA:TA] synonym: "zone of lissauer" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72616 xref: ncithesaurus:Tract_of_Lissauer xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1267 xref: SCTID:369287009 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002650 name: paralaminar part of medial dorsal nucleus synonym: "dorsomedial thalamic nucleus, paralaminar part" EXACT [FMA:62160] synonym: "mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, paralaminar part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis caudalis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis thalami, pars multiformis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars multiformis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars paralaminaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276] synonym: "paralaminar part of dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62160] synonym: "paralaminar part of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62160] synonym: "pars paralaminaris nuclei mediodorsalis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62160, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars paralaminaris of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62160] synonym: "ventral mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62160] xref: FMA:62160 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1276 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002651 name: anterior horn of lateral ventricle def: "The anterior cornu (frontal horn, anterior horn; precornu) of the lateral ventricle passes forward and lateralward, with a slight inclination downward, from the interventricular foramen into the frontal lobe, curving around the anterior end of the caudate nucleus. Its floor is formed by the upper surface of the reflected portion of the corpus callosum, the rostrum. It is bounded medially by the anterior portion of the septum pellucidum, and laterally by the head of the caudate nucleus. Its apex reaches the posterior surface of the genu of the corpus callosum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:74520] synonym: "cornu anterius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_horn_of_lateral_ventricle] synonym: "cornu anterius ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74520, FMA:TA] synonym: "frontal horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:74520] xref: FMA:74520 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray735.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray735.png/200px-Gray735.png xref: ncithesaurus:Frontal_Horn_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1279 xref: SCTID:279247001 is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0002652 name: posterior median eminence xref: FMA:74875 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1280 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002197 ! median eminence of neurohypophysis [Term] id: UBERON:0002653 name: gracile fasciculus of medulla synonym: "column of goll" EXACT [] synonym: "fasciculus of goll" EXACT [] synonym: "goll's tract" EXACT [FMA:72624] synonym: "gracile fascicle (gall)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1282] synonym: "gracile fascicle of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72624] synonym: "medulla segment of fasciculus gracilis" EXACT [FMA:72624] synonym: "medulla segment of gracile fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72624] synonym: "tract of gall" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72624 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1282 is_a: UBERON:0005821 ! gracile fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain is_a: UBERON:0007702 ! tract of brain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 intersection_of: UBERON:0005821 ! gracile fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002654 name: parvicellular part of medial dorsal nucleus synonym: "dorsomedial thalamic nucleus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62162] synonym: "lateral mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62162] synonym: "lateral nucleus of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62162] synonym: "mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, pars fasciculosa" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis fasciculosis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis nucleus fasciculosis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283] synonym: "pars parvocellularis lateralis nuclei mediodorsalis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62162, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars principalis nuclei ventralis anterior thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62162, FMA:TA] synonym: "parvicellular part of dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62162] synonym: "parvocellular nucleus of medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62162] synonym: "principal division of ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62162] xref: FMA:62162 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1283 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002655 name: body of lateral ventricle def: "The body of lateral ventricle (cella) extends from the interventricular foramen to the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is an irregularly curved cavity, triangular on transverse section, with a roof, a floor, and a medial wall. The roof is formed by the under surface of the corpus callosum; the floor by the following parts, enumerated in their order of position, from before backward: the caudate nucleus of the corpus striatum, the stria terminalis and the terminal vein, the lateral portion of the upper surface of the thalamus, the choroid plexus, and the lateral part of the fornix; the medial wall is the posterior part of the septum pellucidum, which separates it from the opposite ventricle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Body_of_lateral_ventricle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central part of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83703] synonym: "lateral ventricular body" EXACT [FMA:83703] synonym: "pars centralis ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83703, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars centralis ventriculi lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_lateral_ventricle] xref: FMA:83703 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray735.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray735.png/200px-Gray735.png xref: ncithesaurus:Body_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1287 xref: SCTID:279246005 is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0002656 name: periamygdaloid area synonym: "para-amygdaloid cortex" EXACT [FMA:62485] synonym: "periamygdaloid cortex" EXACT [FMA:62485] synonym: "periamygdaloid region" EXACT [FMA:62485] synonym: "semilunar gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62485] synonym: "ventral cortical nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:62485] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PAM xref: FMA:62485 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1291 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002657 name: posterior parahippocampal gyrus synonym: "parahippocampal gyrus (amaral)" EXACT [] synonym: "parahippocampal gyrus (insausti)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1295] xref: FMA:67966 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1295 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002658 name: medial lemniscus of midbrain def: "A medial lemniscus that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72461 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1296 is_a: UBERON:0002635 ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum is_a: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002659 name: superior medullary velum def: "The superior medullary velum (anterior medullary velum, valve of Vieussens) is a thin, transparent of white substance, which stretches between the superior cerebellar peduncles; on the dorsal surface of its lower half the folia and lingula are prolonged. It forms, together with the superior cerebellar peduncle, the roof of the upper part of the fourth ventricle; it is narrow above, where it passes beneath the inferior colliculi, and broader below, where it is continuous with the white substance of the superior vermis. A slightly elevated ridge, the fraenulum veli, descends upon its upper part from between the inferior colliculi, and on either side of this the trochlear nerve emerges. Blood is supplied by branches from the superior cerebellar artery. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_medullary_velum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior medullary velum" EXACT [FMA:74508] synonym: "velum medullare superius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_medullary_velum] xref: FMA:74508 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Gray701.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Gray701.png/200px-Gray701.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1300 xref: SCTID:369269006 is_a: UBERON:0003035 ! regional part of cerebellar white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002660 name: medial longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain def: "A medial longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72454 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1302 is_a: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002661 name: superior frontal gyrus def: "The superior frontal gyrus makes up about one-third of the frontal lobe of the human brain. It is bounded laterally by the superior frontal sulcus. The superior frontal gyrus, like the inferior frontal gyrus and the middle frontal gyrus, is more of a region than a true gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_frontal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus frontalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_frontal_gyrus] synonym: "marginal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61857] synonym: "superior frontal convolution" EXACT [FMA:61857] xref: BTO:0004836 xref: EFO:0001991 xref: FMA:61857 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Superior_frontal_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Superior_frontal_gyrus.png/200px-Superior_frontal_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Frontal_Convolution xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1303 xref: SCTID:279166005 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002662 name: medial pes lemniscus synonym: "superficial pes lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72460] xref: FMA:72460 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1310 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002663 name: septal nuclear complex def: "The septal nuclei are structures in the middle anteroventral cerebrum that are composed of medium-size neurons grouped into medial, lateral, and posterior groups. The septal nuclei receive reciprocal connections from the olfactory bulb, hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, midbrain, habenula, cingulate gyrus, and thalamus. The septal nuclei play a role in reward and reinforcement along with the nucleus accumbens. In the 1950s, Olds & Milner showed that rats with electrodes implanted in this area will self-stimulate repeatedly in order to experience a euphoric feeling (i.e. press a bar to receive electrical current that will stimulate the neurons). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Septal_nuclei] comment: TODO - nucleus vs nuclear complex subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei septales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Septal_nuclei] synonym: "parolfactory nuclei" EXACT [FMA:61845] synonym: "septal nuclei" EXACT [FMA:61845] synonym: "septal nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002978] xref: EHDAA2:0004709 xref: FMA:61845 xref: GAID:637 xref: MA:0002978 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.750.800 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1313 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000446 ! septum of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002664 name: lateral part of medial mammillary nucleus synonym: "intercalated mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62346] synonym: "intermediate mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62346] synonym: "lateral mammillary nucleus (gagel)" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral subdivision of medial mammillary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62346] synonym: "medial mammillary nucleus, lateral part" EXACT [FMA:62346] xref: FMA:62346 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1314 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002665 name: supracallosal gyrus def: "The supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum; gyrus epicallosus) consists of a thin layer of grey matter in contact with the dorsal surface of the corpus callosum and continuous laterally with the grey matter of the cingulate gyrus. It contains two longitudinally directed strands of fibers termed respectively the medial and lateral longitudinal striae. The supracallosal gyrus is prolonged around the splenium of the corpus callosum as a delicate lamina, the fasciola cinerea, which is continuous below with the fascia dentata hippocampi. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Supracallosal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "supracommissural hippocampal rudiment" EXACT [FMA:61920] synonym: "supracommissural hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:61920] xref: BTO:0003738 xref: FMA:61920 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1316 xref: SCTID:369231001 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002666 name: mesencephalic tract of trigeminal nerve synonym: "mesencephalic root of v" EXACT [] synonym: "mesencephalic trigeminal tract" EXACT [FMA:72489] xref: FMA:72489 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1318 xref: SCTID:369263007 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002667 name: lateral septal nucleus synonym: "lateral parolfactory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61878] synonym: "lateral septal nucleus (cajal)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321] synonym: "lateral septum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321] synonym: "lateral septum nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321] xref: ABA:LS xref: BM:Tel-Spt-SLN xref: FMA:61878 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1321 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001878 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007630 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002668 name: oculomotor nerve fibers comment: todo - make subclass of root of cranial nerve synonym: "central part of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72457] synonym: "oculomotor nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72457] synonym: "root of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72457] xref: FMA:72457 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1323 is_a: UBERON:0002211 ! nerve root is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002669 name: anterior horizontal limb of lateral sulcus synonym: "anterior branch of lateral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83760] synonym: "anterior horizontal limb of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83760] synonym: "anterior horizontal ramus of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83760] synonym: "anterior ramus of lateral cerebral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83760] synonym: "horizontal limb of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83760] synonym: "horizontal ramus of sylvian fissure" EXACT [] synonym: "ramus anterior sulci lateralis cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83760, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:83760 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1327 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space [Term] id: UBERON:0002670 name: anterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus synonym: "anterior ascending limb of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83759] synonym: "anterior ascending ramus of lateral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83759] synonym: "ascending branch of lateral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83759] synonym: "ascending ramus of lateral cerebral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83759] synonym: "ascending ramus of sylvian fissure" EXACT [] synonym: "middle ramus of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83759] synonym: "ramus ascendens sulci lateralis cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83759, FMA:TA] synonym: "superior branch of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83759] xref: FMA:83759 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1330 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space [Term] id: UBERON:0002671 name: pallidotegmental fasciculus synonym: "pallidotegmental tract" EXACT [FMA:72458] xref: FMA:72458 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1331 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002672 name: anterior subcentral sulcus xref: FMA:83765 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1332 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002673 name: vestibular nuclear complex def: "The vestibular nuclei are the cranial nuclei for the vestibular nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079612305510069, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3413105&group_id=36855, Wikipedia:Vestibular_nuclei] comment: Editor notes: In TA they are grouped in both the pons and medulla; WP says the SVN is in the pons, and GO includes VNC development under pons development, but this is not supported by ABA. Todo - check with NIF subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei vestibulares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nuclei] synonym: "nuclei vestibulares in medulla oblongata" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72239, FMA:TA] synonym: "vestibular nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72239] synonym: "vestibular nuclei in medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:72239] synonym: "vestibular nucleus" RELATED [GO:0021750] xref: ABA:VNC xref: BM:Me-VS xref: BTO:0004368 xref: EV:0100254 xref: FMA:72239 xref: GAID:602 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray691.png/200px-Gray691.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428.600.800 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1337 is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA", source="NIF", source="ABA"} ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0004681 {source="Wikipedia:Vestibular_nuclei"} ! vestibular system property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002675 name: diagonal sulcus xref: FMA:83758 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1344 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002676 name: ventral supraoptic decussation def: "The ventral supraoptic decussation is the crossover point for signals from the left and right eye, en route respectively to the right and left sides of the visual cortex. Occupying the posterior part of the commissure of the optic chiasma is a strand of fibers, the Ventral supraoptic decussation (commissure of Gudden, Gudden's inferior commissure), which is not derived from the optic nerves; it forms a connecting link between the medial geniculate bodies. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_supraoptic_decussation] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "commissura supraoptica ventralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62052, FMA:TA] synonym: "commissura supraoptica ventralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ventral_supraoptic_decussation] synonym: "commissure of Gudden" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347] synonym: "Gudden commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052] synonym: "Gudden's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052] synonym: "supraoptic commissures, ventral" EXACT [FMA:62052] synonym: "ventral supra-optic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052] synonym: "ventral supraoptic commissure (of Meynert)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347] synonym: "ventral supraoptic decussation" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347] synonym: "ventral supraoptic decussation of gudden" RELATED [FMA:62052] synonym: "von Gudden's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62052] synonym: "VSOX" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347] xref: FMA:62052 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Gray722.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gray722.png/200px-Gray722.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1347 is_a: UBERON:0011590 ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002550 {source="FMA"} ! anterior hypothalamic region [Term] id: UBERON:0002677 name: regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a medullary raphe nuclear complex [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of medullary raphe nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of raphe nuclei of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of raphe of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of medullary raphe nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of raphe nuclei of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of raphe of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of medullary raphe nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of raphe nuclei of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of raphe of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of medullary raphe nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of raphe nuclei of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of raphe of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary raphe nuclear complex anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary raphe nuclear complex biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary raphe nuclear complex brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary raphe nuclear complex brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary raphe nuclear complex neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary raphe nuclear complex regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary raphe nuclear complex segment" EXACT [FMA:83951] synonym: "medullary raphe nuclear complex segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of medullary raphe nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of raphe nuclei of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of raphe of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe nuclei of medulla anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe nuclei of medulla biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe nuclei of medulla brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe nuclei of medulla brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe nuclei of medulla neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe nuclei of medulla regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe nuclei of medulla segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe of medulla oblongata anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe of medulla oblongata biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe of medulla oblongata brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe of medulla oblongata brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe of medulla oblongata neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe of medulla oblongata regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "raphe of medulla oblongata segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of medullary raphe nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of raphe nuclei of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of raphe of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of medullary raphe nuclear complex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of raphe nuclei of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of raphe of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of medullary raphe nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1349] xref: FMA:83951 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1349 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002692 ! medullary raphe nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 ! medullary raphe nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002678 name: regional part of medulla oblongata def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a medulla oblongata [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medullary oblongata segment" EXACT [FMA:71011] synonym: "metepencephalon anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of medulla oblongata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1355] xref: FMA:71011 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1355 xref: SCTID:119241003 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002679 name: anterodorsal nucleus synonym: "anterodorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62141] synonym: "anterodorsal nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "anterodorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62141] synonym: "nucleus anterior dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterior dorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterior thalami dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterodorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterodorsalis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterodorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus anterosuperior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anterodorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358] xref: ABA:AD xref: BM:Die-Th-AD xref: FMA:62141 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1358 xref: SCTID:279127002 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002681 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002685 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002984 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002680 name: regional part of metencephalon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a metencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon subdivision" EXACT [FMA:67942] synonym: "neuraxis segment of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of metencephalon" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1361] xref: FMA:67942 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1361 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002681 name: anteromedial nucleus synonym: "anteromedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62142] synonym: "anteromedial nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "anteromedial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62142] synonym: "nucleus anterior medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus anterior medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus anterior thalami medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus anteromedialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus anteromedialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus anteromedialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anteromedialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365] xref: ABA:AM xref: BM:Die-AM xref: FMA:62142 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1365 xref: SCTID:279128007 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002679 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002685 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002984 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002682 name: abducens nucleus def: "The abducens nucleus is the originating nucleus from which the abducens nerve emerges - a cranial nerve nucleus. This nucleus is located beneath the fourth ventricle in the caudal portion of the pons, medial to the sulcus limitans. The abducens nucleus along with the internal genu of the facial nerve make up the facial colliculus, a hump at the caudal end of the medial eminence on the dorsal aspect of the pons. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Abducens_nucleus] comment: part of medulla oblongata in ABA and ZFA; part of pons in MA and pontine tegmentum in NIF; note that pons/medulla are spatially disjoint in ABA. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "abducens motor nuclei" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000713] synonym: "abducens motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000713] synonym: "abducens nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54504] synonym: "abducens VI nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001010] synonym: "abducent nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54504] synonym: "motor nucleus VI" EXACT [ZFA:0000713] synonym: "nucleus nervi abducentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54504, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus nervi abducentis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abducens_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of abducens nerve" EXACT [FMA:54504] synonym: "nucleus of abducens nerve (VI)" EXACT [FMA:54504] synonym: "nVI" EXACT [ZFA:0000713] synonym: "sixth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54504] xref: ABA:VI xref: BM:Pons-VI xref: EHDAA2:0004310 xref: EV:0100266 xref: FMA:54504 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001010 xref: ncithesaurus:Abducens_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1366 xref: SCTID:280165008 xref: TAO:0000713 xref: ZFA:0000713 is_a: UBERON:0000126 {source="FMA"} ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 {conflicts="ZFA", conflicts="ABA", source="GO", source="NIF", source="MA"} ! pons property_value: external_definition "Hindbrain motor nucleus which is the origin of motor axons of cranial nerve VI. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000713", ontology="TAO", source="ISBN:3764351209"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002683 name: rhinal sulcus def: "In the human brain, the rhinencephalon appears as a longitudinal elevation, with a corresponding internal furrow, on the under surface of the hemisphere close to the lamina terminalis; it is separated from the lateral surface of the hemisphere by a furrow, the external rhinal fissure (or rhinal sulcus), and is continuous behind with that part of the hemisphere, which will ultimately form the anterior end of the temporal lobe. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Rhinal_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fissura rhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1368] synonym: "rhinal fissuer (turner, rezius)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1368] synonym: "rhinal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83746] synonym: "sulcus rhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1368] synonym: "sulcus rhinalis; fissura rhinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rhinal_sulcus] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-RS xref: FMA:83746 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gehirn\,_basal_-_beschriftet_lat.svg xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1368 xref: SCTID:279357002 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002684 name: nucleus raphe obscurus def: "The raphe obscurus projects to the cerebellar lobes VI and VII and to crus II along with the nucleus raphe pontis . This so called obscure nucleus has also been implicated in the modulation of the hypoglossal nerve. It has been observed that the ablation of this nucleus causes a change in the firing pattern in the XII nerve . In addition, the raphe obscurus mediates expiration via the inhibitory effect of serotonin and depresses periodic synaptic potentials . It has also been shown that this nucleus stimulates gastrointestinal motor function; microinjections of 5-HT into the n.r. obscurus increase gastric movement . [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_obscurus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus raphes obscurus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72585, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus raphes obscurus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_raphe_obscurus] synonym: "obscurus raphe nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72585] synonym: "raphe obscurus nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72585] xref: ABA:RO xref: FMA:72585 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: MA:0002981 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1369 is_a: UBERON:0002677 ! regional part of medullary raphe nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002692 {source="FMA"} ! medullary raphe nuclear complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002156 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002157 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002685 name: anteroventral nucleus synonym: "anterior ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62143] synonym: "anteroprincipal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62143] synonym: "anteroventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62143] synonym: "anteroventral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "anteroventral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62143] synonym: "nucleus anterior thalami ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus anterior ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus anteroinferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus anteroventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus anteroventralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anteroprincipalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] synonym: "nucleus thalamicus anteroventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372] xref: ABA:AV xref: BM:Die-AV xref: EV:0100199 xref: FMA:62143 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1372 xref: SCTID:279130009 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002679 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002681 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002984 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002686 name: angular gyrus def: "The angular gyrus is a region of the brain in the parietal lobe, that lies near the superior edge of the temporal lobe, and immediately posterior to the supramarginal gyrus; it is involved in a number of processes related to language, mathematics and cognition. It is Brodmann area 39 of the human brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Angular_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus angularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Angular_gyrus] synonym: "middle part of inferior parietal lobule" EXACT [FMA:61898] synonym: "preoccipital gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61898] xref: FMA:61898 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Surfacegyri.JPG xref: ncithesaurus:Angular_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1376 xref: SCTID:279186009 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002687 name: area x synonym: "anteromedial part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT [] synonym: "area x of olszewski" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379] synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius mediodorsalis situs ventralis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379] synonym: "nucleus ventralis oralis, pars posterior (dewulf)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379] synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis internus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379] synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis internus, superior part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379] xref: FMA:62198 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1379 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002688 name: supramarginal gyrus def: "Brodmann area 40, or BA40, is part of the parietal cortex in the human brain. The inferior part of BA40 is in the area of the supramarginal gyrus, which lies at the posterior end of the lateral fissure, in the inferior lateral part of the parietal lobe. It is bounded approximately by the intraparietal sulcus, the inferior postcentral sulcus, the posterior subcentral sulcus and the lateral sulcus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded caudally by the angular area 39 (H), rostrally and dorsally by the caudal postcentral area 2, and ventrally by the subcentral area 43 and the superior temporal area 22 (Brodmann-1909). Cytoarchitectonically defined subregions of rostral BA40/the supramarginal gyrus are PF, PFcm, PFm, PFop, and PFt. Area PF is the homologue to macaque area PF, part of the mirror neuron system, and active in humans during imitation. The supramarginal gyrus part of Brodmann area 40 is the region in the inferior parietal lobe that is involved in reading both in regards to meaning and phonology. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Supramarginal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior part of inferior parietal lobule" EXACT [FMA:61897] synonym: "Brodmann area 40" EXACT [Wikipedia:Supramarginal_gyrus] synonym: "inferior parietal lobule (krieg)" EXACT [] xref: FMA:61897 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Gehirn\,_lateral_-_Hauptgyri_beschriftet.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Gehirn%2C_lateral_-_Hauptgyri_beschriftet.svg/200px-Gehirn%2C_lateral_-_Hauptgyri_beschriftet.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Supramarginal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1381 xref: SCTID:279185008 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002689 name: supraoptic crest def: "one of the circumventricular organs of the brain. The OVLT is outside the blood brain barrier, and so neurons in this region can respond to factors that are present in the systemic circulation." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3474225&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Organum_vasculosum_of_the_lamina_terminalis] comment: AO notes: NIF has two classes here synonym: "organum vasculosum lamina terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100313] synonym: "organum vasculosum laminae terminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62315, FMA:TA] synonym: "organum vasculosum laminae terminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "prechiasmatic gland" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1400] synonym: "vascular organ of lamina terminalis" EXACT [FMA:62315] xref: ABA:OV xref: FMA:62315 xref: MA:0003018 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1400 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100313 is_a: UBERON:0003048 ! regional part of hypothalamus is_a: UBERON:0010135 {source="MA"} ! sensory circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002550 {source="FMA"} ! anterior hypothalamic region relationship: superficial_to UBERON:0000201 {source="Wikipedia"} ! endothelial blood brain barrier property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002690 name: anteroventral periventricular nucleus xref: ABA:AVPV xref: FMA:62314 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1401 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007626 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002691 name: ventral tegmental area def: "The ventral tegmentum (tegmentum is Latin for covering), better known as the ventral tegmental area (VTA), is a group of neurons located close to the midline on the floor of the midbrain. The VTA, the origin of dopaminergic cell bodies that comprise the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, is widely implicated in the drug and natural reward circuitry of the brain, cognition, motivation, drug addiction, and several psychiatric disorders. The VTA contains neurons that project to numerous areas of the brain, from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to the caudal brainstem and everywhere in between. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_tegmental_area] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ventral tegmental area of tsai" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus (tsai)" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral tegmental nucleus of tsai" EXACT [] xref: ABA:VTA xref: BM:MB-VTA xref: EFO:0001935 xref: FMA:72438 xref: GAID:587 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Gray712.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gray712.png/200px-Gray712.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659.822.820 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1415 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002692 name: medullary raphe nuclear complex synonym: "raphe medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68874, FMA:TA] synonym: "raphe nuclei of medulla" EXACT [FMA:68874] synonym: "raphe of medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:68874] xref: FMA:68874 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1420 xref: SCTID:362420006 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 {source="Wikipedia"} ! raphe nuclei [Term] id: UBERON:0002693 name: occipitotemporal sulcus synonym: "inferior temporal fissure" EXACT [FMA:74518] synonym: "inferior temporal fissure (crosby)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1422] synonym: "inferior temporal sulcus (roberts)" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior temporal sulcus (szikla)" EXACT [] synonym: "inferior temporal sulcus-2" EXACT [FMA:74518] synonym: "lateral occipitotemporal sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1422] synonym: "occipito-temporal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:74518] synonym: "third temporal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:74518] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-OTS xref: FMA:74518 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1422 xref: SCTID:369220009 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002694 name: anterior hypothalamic commissure synonym: "anterior hypothalamic commissure (Ganser)" EXACT [FMA:62053] synonym: "anterior hypothalamic decussation of Ganser" EXACT [FMA:62053] xref: FMA:62053 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1424 is_a: UBERON:0011590 ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002695 name: parieto-occipital sulcus def: "Only a small part of the Parietooccipital Fissure (or parieto-occipital sulcus) is seen on the lateral surface of the hemisphere, its chief part being on the medial surface. The lateral part of the parietooccipital fissure (Fig. 726) is situated about 5 cm. in front of the occipital pole of the hemisphere, and measures about 1.25 cm. in length. The medial part of the parietooccipital fissure (Fig. 727) runs downward and forward as a deep cleft on the medial surface of the hemisphere, and joins the calcarine fissure below and behind the posterior end of the corpus callosum. In most cases it contains a submerged gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parieto-occipital_sulcus] comment: AO notes - two classes in ncit (in general ncit distinguishes between fissue and sulcus, whereas FMA treats these as exact synonyms) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fissura parieto-occipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428] synonym: "parieto-occipital fissure" EXACT [FMA:83754] synonym: "parieto-occipital incisure" EXACT [FMA:83754] synonym: "parietooccipital sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83754] synonym: "sulcus parieto-occipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428] synonym: "sulcus parieto-occipitalis medialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428] synonym: "sulcus parietoccipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428] synonym: "sulcus parietooccipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428] synonym: "sulcus parietooccipitalis, fissura parietooccipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parieto-occipital_sulcus] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-POS xref: FMA:83754 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Gray726_parieto-occipital_sulcus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Gray726_parieto-occipital_sulcus.png/200px-Gray726_parieto-occipital_sulcus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Parieto-occipital_Fissure xref: ncithesaurus:Parieto-occipital_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1428 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv7l_DJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279354009 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002696 name: cuneiform nucleus synonym: "parabigeminal area (mai)" EXACT [] xref: ABA:CUN xref: BM:MB-CNF xref: FMA:72427 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1430 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002697 name: dorsal supraoptic decussation synonym: "commissura supraoptica dorsalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62051, FMA:TA] synonym: "commissure of Meynert" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal supra-optic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051] synonym: "dorsal supraoptic commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051] synonym: "dorsal supraoptic commissure (of ganser)" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal supraoptic decussation (of ganser)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1433] synonym: "dorsal supraoptic decussation (of Meynert)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1433] synonym: "dorsal supraoptic decussation of Meynert" EXACT [] synonym: "ganser's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051] synonym: "Meynert's commissure" EXACT [FMA:62051] synonym: "supraoptic commissure of Meynert" EXACT [] synonym: "supraoptic commissures, dorsal" EXACT [FMA:62051] xref: FMA:62051 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1433 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0002698 name: preoccipital notch synonym: "incisura parieto-occipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1436] synonym: "incisura praeoccipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1436] synonym: "incisura preoccipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1436] synonym: "occipital notch" EXACT [FMA:83739] synonym: "preoccipital incisura" EXACT [FMA:83739] synonym: "preoccipital incisure" EXACT [FMA:83739] xref: FMA:83739 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1436 xref: SCTID:369229005 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space [Term] id: UBERON:0002699 name: supraopticohypophysial tract synonym: "supra-opticohypophysial tract" EXACT [FMA:62054] synonym: "supraopticohypophyseal tract" EXACT [FMA:62054] synonym: "tractus supraopticohypophysialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62054, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:62054 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1440 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002700 name: subcuneiform nucleus synonym: "subcuneiform area of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:72428] xref: FMA:72428 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1441 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002701 name: anterior median oculomotor nucleus synonym: "anterior median nucleus of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72423] xref: FMA:72423 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1445 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002702 name: middle frontal gyrus def: "The middle frontal gyrus makes up about one-third of the frontal lobe of the human brain. (A gyrus is one of the prominent 'bumps' or 'ridges' on the surface of the human brain. ) The middle frontal gyrus, like the inferior frontal gyrus and the superior frontal gyrus, is more of a region than a true gyrus. The borders of the middle frontal gyrus are the inferior frontal sulcus below; the superior frontal sulcus above; and the precentral sulcus behind. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_frontal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus frontalis medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61859, FMA:TA] synonym: "gyrus frontalis medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_frontal_gyrus] synonym: "intermediate frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61859] synonym: "medial frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61859] xref: BTO:0004834 xref: FMA:61859 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Middle_frontal_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Middle_frontal_gyrus.png/200px-Middle_frontal_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Frontal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1451 xref: SCTID:362332009 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002703 name: precentral gyrus def: "The primary motor cortex (or M1) is a brain region that in humans is located in the posterior portion of the frontal lobe. It works in association with pre-motor areas to plan and execute movements. M1 contains large neurons known as Betz cells which send long axons down the spinal cord to synapse onto alpha motor neurons which connect to the muscles. Pre-motor areas are involved in planning actions (in concert with the basal ganglia) and refining movements based upon sensory input (this requires the cerebellum). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Precentral_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "precentral convolution" EXACT [FMA:61894] synonym: "prerolandic gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61894] xref: EFO:0001373 xref: FMA:61894 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ba4.png/200px-Ba4.png xref: ncithesaurus:Precentral_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1455 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002704 name: metathalamus def: "The metathalamus is a composite structure of the thalamus, consisting of the medial geniculate nucleus and the lateral geniculate nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metathalamus] comment: note we follow FMA in making this a subtype of nucleus, but in fact it is a group containing two nuclei subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpora geniculata" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metathalamus] synonym: "geniculate group of the dorsal thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62023] synonym: "geniculate thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000868] synonym: "nuclei metathalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1461] xref: ABA:GENd xref: EV:0100217 xref: FMA:62023 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MA:0000868 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1461 xref: SCTID:361550004 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 {source="MA"} ! dorsal thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002144 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002776 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002705 name: midline nuclear group def: "The midline nuclear group (or midline thalamic nuclei) a region of the thalamus consisting of the following nuclei: paraventricular nucleus of thalamus (nucleus paraventricularis thalami) - not to be confused with paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus paratenial nucleus (nucleus parataenialis) reuniens nucleus (nucleus reuniens) rhomboidal nucleus (nucleus commissuralis rhomboidalis) subfascicular nucleus (nucleus subfascicularis) [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Midline_nuclear_group] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "median nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020] synonym: "midline nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62020] synonym: "midline nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020] synonym: "midline nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020] synonym: "midline thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000864] synonym: "nuclei mediani (thalami)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1462] synonym: "nuclei mediani thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62020, FMA:TA] synonym: "nuclei mediani thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Midline_nuclear_group] synonym: "periventricular nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62020] xref: ABA:MTN xref: BTO:0002454 xref: FMA:62020 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MA:0000864 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1462 xref: SCTID:279163002 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 {source="FMA"} ! thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 {source="MA"} ! dorsal thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002706 name: posterior nucleus of hypothalamus synonym: "area hypothalamica posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62350, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus posterior hypothalami" RELATED [BTO:0002461] synonym: "posterior hypothalamic area" EXACT [FMA:62350] synonym: "posterior hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62350] xref: ABA:PH xref: BM:Die-Hy-HPA xref: BTO:0002461 xref: EV:0100235 xref: FMA:62350 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1463 xref: SCTID:362385002 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001935 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002707 name: pyramidal tract def: "The corticospinal or pyramidal tract is a collection of axons that travel between the cerebral cortex of the brain and the spinal cord. The corticospinal tract mostly contains motor axons. It actually consists of two separate tracts in the spinal cord: the lateral corticospinal tract and the medial corticospinal tract. An understanding of these tracts leads to an understanding of why for the most part, one side of the body is controlled by the opposite side of the brain. Also the corticobulbar tract is considered to be a pyramidal tract. The corticobulbar tract carries signals that control motor neurons located in cranial nerve brain nuclei rather than motor neurons located in the spinal cord. The neurons of the pyramidal tracts are pyramidal neurons, but that is not how the pyramidal tract got its name, as most of the pyramidal neurons send their axons elsewhere. Instead, it got its name from the shape of the corticospinal axon tracts: when the pyramidal tract passes the medulla, it forms a dense bundle of nerve fibres that is shaped somewhat like a pyramid. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pyramidal_tract] subset: uberon_slim xref: BM:Me-PyT xref: FMA:72634 xref: GAID:702 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gray684.png/200px-Gray684.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.854.633 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1464 xref: SCTID:362325000 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002708 name: posterior periventricular nucleus synonym: "nucleus periventricularis posterior" RELATED [BTO:0002479] synonym: "periventricular nucleus, posterior subdivision" EXACT [FMA:62349] synonym: "posterior periventricular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1466] synonym: "posterior periventricular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62349] synonym: "posterior periventricular nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62349] xref: BTO:0002479 xref: FMA:62349 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1466 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002709 name: posterior nuclear complex subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000325] synonym: "nuclei posteriores thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1467] synonym: "posterior complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62024] synonym: "posterior nuclear complex" EXACT [FMA:62024] synonym: "posterior nuclear complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62024] synonym: "posterior nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62024] synonym: "posterior thalamic nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62024] synonym: "posterior thalamic nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002462] xref: ABA:PO xref: BTO:0002462 xref: FMA:62024 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1467 xref: SCTID:424395006 xref: TAO:0000325 xref: ZFA:0000325 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002983 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003033 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002710 name: cingulate sulcus def: "The cingulate sulcus is a sulcus (brain fold) on the medial wall of the cerebral cortex. The frontal and parietal lobes are separated by the cingulate sulcus from the cingulate gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cingulate_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "calloso-marginal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83748] synonym: "callosomarginal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83748] synonym: "callosomarginal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83748] synonym: "cingulate fissure" EXACT [FMA:83748] synonym: "sulcus callosomarginalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1468] synonym: "sulcus cingulatus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1468] synonym: "sulcus cinguli" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1468] synonym: "sulcus cinguli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cingulate_sulcus] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-CGS xref: FMA:83748 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Gray727_cingulate_sulcus.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gray727_cingulate_sulcus.svg/200px-Gray727_cingulate_sulcus.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1468 xref: SCTID:279350000 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002711 name: nucleus of posterior commissure synonym: "posterior commissure nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68463] xref: ABA:NPC xref: BM:NPC xref: FMA:68463 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1470 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002565 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002996 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006848 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002712 name: premammillary nucleus synonym: "premammillary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62348] xref: FMA:62348 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1473 is_a: UBERON:0002789 ! regional part of posterior hypothalamic region is_a: UBERON:0006568 {source="FMA"} ! hypothalamic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="FMA"} ! posterior hypothalamic region [Term] id: UBERON:0002713 name: circular sulcus of insula def: "A marginal sulcus that is part of a insula [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central lobe marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central lobe marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central lobe marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "circular fissure" EXACT [FMA:83753] synonym: "circular sulcus (of reil)" EXACT [] synonym: "circuminsular sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83753] synonym: "ciruclar insular sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1475] synonym: "cortex of island marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cortex of island marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cortex of island marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula lobule marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula lobule marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula lobule marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insula marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular cortex marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular cortex marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular cortex marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular lobe marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular lobe marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular lobe marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular region marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular region marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "insular region marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "island of reil marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "island of reil marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "island of reil marginal sulcus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limiting fissure" EXACT [FMA:83753] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of central lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of cortex of island" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of insula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of insula lobule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of insular cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of insular lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of insular region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus of island of reil" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal insular sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1475] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of central lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of cortex of island" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of insula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of insula lobule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of insular cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of insular lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of insular region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus of island of reil" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of central lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of cortex of island" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of insula" EXACT [FMA:83753] synonym: "marginal sulcus of insula lobule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of insular cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of insular lobe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of insular region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "marginal sulcus of island of reil" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sulcus circularis insulae" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1475] synonym: "sulcus marginalis insulae" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1475] xref: FMA:83753 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1475 is_a: UBERON:0002912 ! marginal sulcus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002022 intersection_of: UBERON:0002912 ! marginal sulcus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002022 ! insula relationship: part_of UBERON:0002022 ! insula [Term] id: UBERON:0002714 name: rubrospinal tract def: "long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the red nucleus of the midbrain towards target cells in the spinal cord[GO]." [Wikipedia:Rubrospinal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "monakow's tract" EXACT [FMA:72640] synonym: "rubrospinal tract (monakow)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1476] synonym: "tractus rubrospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rubrospinal_tract] xref: FMA:72640 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1476 xref: SCTID:369264001 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002715 name: spinal trigeminal tract of medulla xref: FMA:72625 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1477 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002716 name: collateral sulcus def: "The collateral fissure (or sulcus) is on the tentorial surface of the hemisphere and extends from near the occipital pole to within a short distance of the temporal pole. Behind, it lies below and lateral to the calcarine fissure, from which it is separated by the lingual gyrus; in front, it is situated between the hippocampal gyrus and the anterior part of the fusiform gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Collateral_fissure] comment: AO notes: cnit has two distinct classes; FMA and NIF treat these as exact synonyms. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "collateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83751] synonym: "sulcus collateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1480] synonym: "sulcus collateralis, fissura collateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Collateral_fissure] xref: FMA:83751 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray738.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray738.png/200px-Gray738.png xref: ncithesaurus:Collateral_Fissure xref: ncithesaurus:Collateral_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1480 xref: SCTID:279356006 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002717 name: rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus def: "The rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF) is a portion of the medial longitudinal fasciculus which controls vertical gaze. They project to the vestibular nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Rostral_interstitial_nucleus_of_medial_longitudinal_fasciculus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus interstitialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rostral_interstitial_nucleus_of_medial_longitudinal_fasciculus] synonym: "rostral interstitial nucleus of mlf" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72433 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Gray710.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Gray710.png/200px-Gray710.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1481 is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0002718 name: solitary tract def: "The solitary tract is a compact fiber bundle that extends longitudinally through the posterolateral region of the medulla. The solitary tract is surrounded by the nucleus of the solitary tract, and descends to the upper cervical segments of the spinal cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Solitary_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "respiratory bundle of Gierke" EXACT [] synonym: "tractus solitarius medullae oblongatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Solitary_tract] xref: BM:Me-ST xref: FMA:72619 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray695.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray695.png/200px-Gray695.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1483 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002719 name: spino-olivary tract def: "The spino-olivary tract is located in the ventral funiculus of the spinal cord. This tract carries proprioception information from muscles and tendons as well as cutaneous impulses to the olivary nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Spino-olivary_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "helweg's tract" EXACT [FMA:72643] synonym: "tractus spinoolivaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spino-olivary_tract] xref: FMA:72643 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1484 xref: SCTID:362607001 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002720 name: mammillary peduncle synonym: "peduncle of mammillary body" EXACT [FMA:62061] xref: FMA:62061 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1486 xref: SCTID:369146004 is_a: UBERON:0003931 ! diencephalic white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="FMA"} ! posterior hypothalamic region [Term] id: UBERON:0002721 name: lateral sulcus def: "A sulcus that divides the frontal lobe and parietal lobe above from the temporal lobe below. It is in both hemispheres of the brain but is longer in the left hemisphere. The lateral sulcus is one of the earliest-developing sulci of the human brain. It first appears around the fourteenth gestational week[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fissura lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1487] synonym: "fissura lateralis cerebri" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1487] synonym: "fissura lateralis cerebri (sylvii)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1487] synonym: "fissura transversa cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77801, FMA:TA] synonym: "fissure of Sylvius" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral cerebral fissure" EXACT [] synonym: "lateral cerebral fissure" EXACT [FMA:77801] synonym: "lateral cerebral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:77801] synonym: "lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:77801] synonym: "lateral fissure of Sylvius" EXACT [] synonym: "sulcus lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1487] synonym: "sulcus lateralis cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77801, FMA:TA] synonym: "sulcus lateralis cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_sulcus] synonym: "Sylvian fissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1487] synonym: "transverse cerebral fissure" EXACT [FMA:77801] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-LS xref: FMA:77801 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Lateral_sulcus2.png xref: ncithesaurus:Fissure_of_Sylvius xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1487 xref: SCTID:369226003 is_a: UBERON:0008334 {source="FMA"} ! subarachnoid sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002722 name: trochlear nucleus def: "The nucleus of the trochlear nerve is located in the midbrain, at the level of the inferior colliculus. It is a motor nucleus, so located near the midline. Oddly, fibers from the trochlear nucleus cross over in the midbrain at the superior medullary velum and exit posteriorly, (this is the only cranial nerve to do so). The nerve then goes around the midbrain, and is visible coming out the sides. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trochlear_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "fourth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54518] synonym: "motor nucleus IV" EXACT [ZFA:0000450] synonym: "nIV" EXACT [ZFA:0000450] synonym: "nucleus nervi trochlearis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54518, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus nervi trochlearis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trochlear_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of trochlear nerve" EXACT [FMA:54518] synonym: "trochlear IV nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001075] synonym: "trochlear motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000450] xref: ABA:IV xref: BM:MB-IV xref: EV:0100251 xref: FMA:54518 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Drn.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c6/Drn.png/200px-Drn.png xref: MA:0001075 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1488 xref: SCTID:280163001 xref: TAO:0000450 xref: ZFA:0000450 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001644 ! trochlear nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002723 name: mammillary princeps fasciculus synonym: "principal mammillary fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:62057] synonym: "principal mammillary tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1492] synonym: "principle mamillary fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:62057] xref: FMA:62057 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1492 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002724 name: limen of insula synonym: "angulus gyri olfactorii lateralis" EXACT [FMA:75266] synonym: "gyrus ambiens (noback)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1493] synonym: "insula limen" EXACT [FMA:75266] synonym: "limen insulae" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1493] xref: FMA:75266 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1493 xref: SCTID:369215009 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space [Term] id: UBERON:0002726 name: cervical spinal cord synonym: "cervical segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71166] synonym: "cervical segments of spinal cord [1-8]" EXACT [FMA:71166] synonym: "cervical spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71166] synonym: "segmenta cervicalia medullae spinalis [1-8" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71166, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:71166 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1499 xref: SCTID:180960003 is_a: UBERON:0005844 ! spinal cord segment relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005434 intersection_of: UBERON:0005844 ! spinal cord segment intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region [Term] id: UBERON:0002727 name: medial medullary lamina synonym: "inner medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "internal medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "internal medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "internal medullary lamina of lentiform nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "lamina medullaris interna corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62470, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina medullaris medialis corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62470, FMA:TA] synonym: "medial medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "medial medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "medial medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "medial medullary lamina of pallidum" EXACT [FMA:62470] synonym: "medial medullary stria" EXACT [FMA:62470] xref: BTO:0002251 xref: FMA:62470 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1501 xref: SCTID:369205003 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011299 ! white matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0002728 name: entorhinal area def: "Component of the temporal lobe on the mesial surface. The rostral and caudal boundaries of the entorhinal cortex are the rostral end of the collateral sulcus and the caudal end of the amygdala respectively. The medial boundary is the medial aspect of the temporal lobe and the lateral boundary is the collateral sulcus. (DK)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1508, Wikipedia:Entorhinal_cortex] comment: todo - check area vs complex. ABA:ENT this is part of the hippocampal formation via retrohippocampal region subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Brodmann's area 28" RELATED [BTO:0002650] synonym: "entorhinal cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1508] xref: ABA:ENT xref: BM:Tel-Cx-ENT xref: BTO:0002650 xref: BTO:0004345 xref: EFO:0001920 xref: FMA:72356 xref: GAID:636 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray-Brodman-Entorhinal_Cortex_EC_.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.710.225 xref: ncithesaurus:Entorhinal_Cortex xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1508 xref: SCTID:369099007 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002973 {source="FMA"} ! parahippocampal gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004725 {source="BTO"} ! piriform cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001953 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002191 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004683 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002729 name: claustral amygdaloid area synonym: "claustrum diffusa" EXACT [FMA:61869] synonym: "claustrum parvum" EXACT [FMA:61869] synonym: "ventral claustrum" EXACT [FMA:61869] synonym: "ventral portion of claustrum" EXACT [FMA:61869] xref: FMA:61869 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1515 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 {source="FMA"} ! amygdala relationship: part_of UBERON:0006098 {source="NIF"} ! basal nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002730 name: regional part of thalamus def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a thalamus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of dorsal thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of dorsal thalamus (anthoney)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of dorsal thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of dorsal thalamus (anthoney)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of dorsal thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of dorsal thalamus (anthoney)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of dorsal thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of dorsal thalamus (anthoney)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus (anthoney) anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus (anthoney) biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus (anthoney) brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus (anthoney) brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus (anthoney) neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus (anthoney) regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus (anthoney) segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal thalamus segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of dorsal thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of dorsal thalamus (anthoney)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of dorsal thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of dorsal thalamus (anthoney)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of dorsal thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of dorsal thalamus (anthoney)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of thalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1517] synonym: "thalamus anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thalamus biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thalamus brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thalamus brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thalamus neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thalamus regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thalamus segment" EXACT [FMA:67705] synonym: "thalamus segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:67705 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1517 xref: SCTID:119406000 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002731 name: vestibulocochlear nerve root synonym: "central part of vestibulocochlear nerve" EXACT [FMA:72499] synonym: "statoacoustic nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72499] synonym: "vestibulocochlear nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72499] synonym: "vestibulocochlear nerve roots" EXACT [FMA:72499] synonym: "vestibulocochlear nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72499] xref: FMA:72499 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1519 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0002732 name: longitudinal pontine fibers synonym: "fibrae pontis longitudinales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72513, FMA:TA] synonym: "longitudinal fasciculus of the pons" EXACT [FMA:72513] synonym: "longitudinal pontine fibers" EXACT [FMA:72513] synonym: "longitudinal pontine fibres" EXACT [FMA:72513] synonym: "longitudinal pontine tract" EXACT [FMA:72513] xref: FMA:72513 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1523 xref: SCTID:361544009 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002733 name: intralaminar nuclear group def: "The intralaminar nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus that contains the following nuclei: central lateral centromedian (or 'central medial') paracentral parafascicular. Some sources also include a 'central dorsal' nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intralaminar_thalamic_nuclei] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "intralaminar nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62021] synonym: "intralaminar nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62021] synonym: "intralaminar nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62021] synonym: "intralaminar thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62021] synonym: "nonspecific thalamic system" EXACT [FMA:62021] synonym: "nuclei intralaminares (thalami)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1530] synonym: "nuclei intralaminares thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62021, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:ILM xref: FMA:62021 xref: GAID:660 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Thalmus.png/200px-Thalmus.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.826.701.460 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1530 xref: SCTID:279159009 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001899 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001903 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002736 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002734 name: superior temporal sulcus synonym: "parallel sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83783] synonym: "sulcus t1" EXACT [FMA:83783] synonym: "superior temporal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83783] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-STS xref: FMA:83783 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Temporal_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1534 xref: SCTID:279344005 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002735 name: transverse pontine fibers synonym: "fibrae pontis transversae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72514, FMA:TA] synonym: "superficial transverse fibers of pons" EXACT [FMA:72514] synonym: "transverse fibers of pons" EXACT [FMA:72514] synonym: "transverse pontine fibers" EXACT [FMA:72514] synonym: "transverse pontine fibres" EXACT [FMA:72514] synonym: "transverse pontine tract" EXACT [FMA:72514] xref: FMA:72514 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1535 xref: SCTID:79836003 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002736 name: lateral nuclear group def: "The lateral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the lateral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following: lateral dorsal nucleus lateral posterior nucleus pulvinar [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_nuclear_group] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral group of the dorsal thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537] synonym: "lateral nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62174] synonym: "lateral nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62174] synonym: "lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62174] synonym: "lateral thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62174] synonym: "lateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537] synonym: "nuclei laterales thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537] synonym: "nucleus lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537] xref: ABA:LAT xref: EV:0100210 xref: FMA:62174 xref: GAID:661 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.826.701.485 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1537 xref: SCTID:279126006 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001899 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001903 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002733 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002737 name: lateral inferior limiting sulcus xref: FMA:74523 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1540 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002738 name: isthmus of cingulate gyrus synonym: "cingulate gyrus isthmus" EXACT [FMA:62502] synonym: "isthmus of fornicate gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62502] synonym: "isthmus of limbic lobe" EXACT [FMA:62502] xref: FMA:62502 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1541 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002739 name: medial dorsal nucleus def: "The medial dorsal nucleus (or dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus) is a large nucleus in the thalamus. It receives inputs from the Pre-Frontal Cortex and the Limbic System and in turn relays them to the Pre-Frontal Association Cortex. As a result, it plays a crucial role in attention, planning, organization, abstract thinking, multi-tasking and active memory. The connections of the medial dorsal nucleus have even been used to delineate the prefrontal cortex of the Göttingen minipig brain. By stereology the number of brain cells in the region has been estimated to around 6.43 million neurons in the adult human brain and 36.3 million glial cells, and with the newborn having quite different numbers: around 11.2 million neurons and 10.6 million glial cells. Lesions of the medial dorsal nucleus have been associated with Wernicke's encephalopathy [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_dorsal_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "dorsomedial nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "dorsomedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial dorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial dorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543] synonym: "medial nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "medial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "mediodorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "mediodorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [DHB:MD] synonym: "mediodorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62156] synonym: "nucleus dorsomedialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543] synonym: "nucleus medialis dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543] synonym: "nucleus mediodorsalis thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002453] synonym: "nucleus mediodorsalis thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_dorsal_nucleus] xref: ABA:MD xref: BM:Die-Th-MD xref: BTO:0002453 xref: EV:0100200 xref: FMA:62156 xref: GAID:663 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.826.701.490 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsomedial_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1543 xref: SCTID:279149008 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003031 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002740 name: posterior cingulate gyrus def: "The posterior cingulate cortex is the backmost part of the cingulate cortex, lying behind the anterior cingulate cortex. This is the upper part of the 'limbic lobe'. The cingulate cortex is made up of an area around the midline of the brain. Surrounding areas include the retrosplenial cortex and the precuneus. Cytoarchitectonically posterior cingulate cortex is associated with Brodmann areas 23 and 31. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Posterior_cingulate_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:61924 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray727.svg/200px-Gray727.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1546 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002741 name: diagonal band def: "The diagonal band of Broca consists of fibers that are said to arise in the parolfactory area, the gyrus subcallosus and the anterior perforated substance, and course backward in the longitudinal striae to the dentate gyrus and the hippocampal region. This is a cholinergic bundle of nerve fibers posterior to the anterior perforated substance. It interconnects the paraterminal gyrus in the septal area with the hippocampus and lateral olfactory area. Along with the Septum Pellucidum the Diagonal Band of Broca is believed to be involved in the generation of theta waves in the hippocampus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Diagonal_band_of_Broca] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "band of Broca" RELATED [BTO:0002445] synonym: "bandaletta diagonalis (Broca)" RELATED [BTO:0002445] synonym: "broca's diagonal band" EXACT [FMA:61973] synonym: "broca's diagonal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61973] synonym: "diagonal band of broca" EXACT [] synonym: "diagonal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61973] synonym: "olfactory fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:61973] synonym: "olfactory radiations of zuckerkandl" EXACT [] synonym: "stria diagonalis" RELATED [BTO:0002445] synonym: "stria diagonalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Diagonal_band_of_Broca] synonym: "stria diagonalis (Broca)" RELATED [BTO:0002445] xref: BTO:0002445 xref: FMA:61973 xref: GAID:684 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray724.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gray724.png/200px-Gray724.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.380 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1551 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002742 name: lamina of septum pellucidum def: "One of two layers of both white and gray matter of the septum pellucidum. During fetal development there is a space between the two laminae called the cavum septum pellucidum which, in ninety per cent of cases, disappears during infancy." [Wikipedia:Septum_pellucidum#Layers] comment: editor note synonym: "laminae septi pellucidi" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "septum pellucidum lamina" EXACT [FMA:62472] xref: FMA:62472 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1554 xref: SCTID:12164006 is_a: UBERON:0011299 ! white matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0004714 {source="FMA"} ! septum pellucidum [Term] id: UBERON:0002743 name: basal forebrain def: "The basal forebrain is a collection of structures located ventrally to the striatum. It is considered to be the major cholinergic output of the CNS. It includes a group of structures that lie near the bottom of the front of the brain, including the nucleus basalis, diagonal band of Broca, and medial septal nuclei. These structures are important in the production of acetylcholine, which is then distributed widely throughout the brain. Acetylcholine affects the ability of brain cells to transmit information to one another, and also encourages plasticity, or learning. Thus, damage to the basal forebrain can reduce the amount of acetylcholine in the brain and impair learning. This may be one reason why basal forebrain damage can result in memory impairments such as amnesia and confabulation. One common cause of basal forebrain damage is aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery. Research, conducted by investigators from Children's Hospital Boston and the University of Helsinki, ties together previous observations about sleep and finds that nitric oxide production in the basal forebrain is both necessary and sufficient to produce sleep. This structure is defined, in part, as the place where adenosine acts on A1 receptors of cholinergic neurons. This results in hyperpolarization of cholinergic neurons, which inhibits the release of acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is known to promote wakefulness in the basal forebrain. Inhibition of acetylcholine release in the basal forebrain by adenosine causes slow wave sleep. The basal forebrain and adjacent areas are a focus for sleep research. Stimulating the basal forebrain gives rise to EEG sychrony and sleep. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Basal_forebrain] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars basalis telencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Basal_forebrain] xref: BM:Tel-BF xref: BTO:0002444 xref: FMA:77700 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Basal_Forebrain_Monakhos_2007.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Basal_Forebrain_Monakhos_2007.png/200px-Basal_Forebrain_Monakhos_2007.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1560 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 {source="BTO"} ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0002744 name: hilum of dentate nucleus synonym: "dentate nuclear hilum" EXACT [FMA:72548] xref: FMA:72548 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1561 xref: SCTID:369055003 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002745 name: ventral amygdalofugal projection synonym: "ventral amygdalofugal pathway" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1563] xref: FMA:61977 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1563 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002746 name: intermediate periventricular nucleus synonym: "intermediate periventricular nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62328] synonym: "periventricular nucleus at the tuberal level" EXACT [FMA:62328] xref: FMA:62328 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1564 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002747 name: neodentate part of dentate nucleus synonym: "neodentate portion of dentate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72539] xref: FMA:72539 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1567 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002132 ! dentate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002748 name: medial lemniscus of medulla def: "A medial lemniscus that is part of a medulla [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72621 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1570 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 intersection_of: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002749 name: regional part of cerebellar cortex def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebellar cortex [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellar cortex anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellar cortex biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellar cortex brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellar cortex brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellar cortex neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellar cortex regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellar cortex segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellar cortical segment" EXACT [FMA:76924] synonym: "neuraxis segment of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1571] xref: FMA:76924 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1571 is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002750 name: medial longitudinal fasciculus of medulla def: "A medial longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a medulla [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72618 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1574 is_a: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 intersection_of: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002751 name: inferior temporal gyrus def: "The inferior temporal gyrus is placed below the middle temporal sulcus, and is connected behind with the inferior occipital gyrus; it also extends around the infero-lateral border on to the inferior surface of the temporal lobe, where it is limited by the inferior sulcus. This region is one of the higher levels of the ventral stream of visual processing, associated with the representation of complex object features, such as global shape. It may also be involved in face perception. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_temporal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus temporalis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1577] synonym: "gyrus temporalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_temporal_gyrus] synonym: "lateral occipitotemporal gyrus (heimer-83)" EXACT [] xref: BM:Tel-ITG xref: FMA:61907 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray726.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Gray726.png/200px-Gray726.png xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Temporal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1577 xref: SCTID:279191005 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002752 name: olivocerebellar tract def: "The olivocerebellar tract (olivocerebellar fibers) leaves the olivary nucleus and pass out through the hilum and decussate with those from the opposite olive in the raphé, then as internal arcuate fibers they pass partly through and partly around the opposite olive and enter the inferior peduncle to be distributed to the cerebellar hemisphere of the opposite side from which they arise. They terminate directly on Purkinje cells as the climbing fiber input system. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olivocerebellar_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "t. olivocerebellaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olivocerebellar_tract] xref: FMA:72638 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray695.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray695.png/200px-Gray695.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1579 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002753 name: posterior spinocerebellar tract def: "The dorsal spinocerebellar tract (posterior spinocerebellar tract, Flechsig's fasciculus, Flechsig's tract) conveys proprioceptive information from the body to the cerebellum. It is part of the somatosensory system and runs in parallel with the ventral spinocerebellar tract. Proprioceptive information is taken to the via central processes of dorsal root ganglia (first order neurons). These central processes travel through the dorsal horn where they synapse with second order neurons of Clarke's nucleus. Axon fibers from Clarke's Nucleus convey this proprioceptive information in the spinal cord in the peripheral region of the posteriolateral funiculus ipsilaterally until it reaches the cerebellum, where unconscious proprioceptive information is processed. This tract involves two neurons and ends up on the same side of the body. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_spinocerebellar_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal spinocerebellar tract" EXACT [FMA:72641] synonym: "flechsig's tract" EXACT [FMA:72641] xref: BM:DSCT xref: FMA:72641 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1585 xref: SCTID:369284002 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0005413 ! spinocerebellar tract [Term] id: UBERON:0002754 name: predorsal bundle synonym: "predorsal bundle of edinger" EXACT [] synonym: "predorsal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:72614] synonym: "tectospinal fibers" EXACT [FMA:72614] xref: FMA:72614 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1590 is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002755 name: pyramidal decussation def: "When these pyramidal fibers are traced downward, it is found that some three-fifths or more of them leave the pyramids in successive bundles, and decussate in the anterior median fissure of the medulla oblongata, forming what is termed the pyramidal decussation or motor decussation. Having crossed the middle line, they pass down in the posterior part of the lateral funiculus as the lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Decussation_of_pyramids] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corticospinal decussation" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "decussatio pyramidum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72633, FMA:TA] synonym: "decussatio pyramidum medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72633, FMA:TA] synonym: "decussation of corticospinal tract" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "decussation of pyramidal tract fibers" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "decussation of pyramids" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "decussation of pyramids of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "decussation of the pyramidal tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1594] synonym: "motor decussation" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "motor decussation of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72633] synonym: "pyramidal decussation (pourfour du petit)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1594] xref: BM:Me-PyX xref: FMA:72633 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Gray684.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gray684.png/200px-Gray684.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1594 xref: SCTID:369058001 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002756 name: anterior cingulate gyrus subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:61916 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Gray727_anterior_cingulate_cortex.png/200px-Gray727_anterior_cingulate_cortex.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1603 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002967 ! cingulate gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0009835 ! anterior cingulate cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002757 name: regional part of epithalamus def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a epithalamus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of epithalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of epithalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of epithalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of epithalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithalamus anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithalamus biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithalamus brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithalamus brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithalamus neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithalamus regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithalamus segment" EXACT [FMA:62013] synonym: "epithalamus segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of epithalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of epithalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of epithalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of epithalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1607] xref: FMA:62013 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1607 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002758 name: dorsal nucleus of medial geniculate body synonym: "dorsal nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [FMA:62216] synonym: "medial geniculate complex, dorsal part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608] synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus, dorsal part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608] synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati medialis, pars dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608] synonym: "nucleus dorsalis coporis geniculati medialis" RELATED [BTO:0002673] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis fibrosus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis pars dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608] xref: ABA:MGd xref: BTO:0002673 xref: FMA:62216 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1608 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002759 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002985 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002759 name: magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate body synonym: "corpus geniculatus mediale, pars magnocelluaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612] synonym: "magnocelluar nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612] synonym: "medial division of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62218] synonym: "medial geniculate complex, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62218] synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:62218] synonym: "medial magnocellular nucleus of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62218] synonym: "medial nucleus of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62218] synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati medialis, pars magnocelluaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis magnocelluaris (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis, pars magnocelluaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612] synonym: "nucleus medialis magnocellularis corporis geniculati medialis" RELATED [BTO:0002672] xref: ABA:MGm xref: BTO:0002672 xref: FMA:62218 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1612 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002758 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002985 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002760 name: ventral corticospinal tract def: "The anterior corticospinal tract (also called the ventral corticospinal tract, medial corticospinal tract, direct pyramidal tract, or anterior cerebrospinal fasciculus) is a small bundle of descending fibers that connect the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord. It is usually small, varying inversely in size with the lateral corticospinal tract, which is the main part of the corticospinal tract. It lies close to the anterior median fissure, and is present only in the upper part of the medulla spinalis; gradually diminishing in size as it descends, it ends about the middle of the thoracic region. It consists of descending fibers which arise from cells in the motor area of the cerebral hemisphere of the same side, and which, as they run downward in the medulla spinalis, cross in succession through the anterior white commissure to the opposite side, where they end, either directly or indirectly, by arborizing around the motor neurons in the anterior column. A few of its fibers are said to pass to the lateral column of the same side and to the gray matter at the base of the posterior column. They conduct voluntary motor impulses from the precentral gyrus to the motor centers of the cord. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_corticospinal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior corticospinal tract" EXACT [FMA:72636] synonym: "anterior pyramidal tract" EXACT [FMA:72636] synonym: "anterior tract of turck" EXACT [] synonym: "bundle of turck" EXACT [] synonym: "column of turck" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72636 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1618 xref: SCTID:369092003 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002761 name: inferior frontal sulcus def: "The inferior frontal sulcus is a sulcus between the middle frontal gyrus and the inferior frontal gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_frontal_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior frontal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83757] synonym: "sulcus f2" EXACT [FMA:83757] synonym: "sulcus frontalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_frontal_sulcus] xref: FMA:83757 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Gray726_Inferior_frontal_sulcus.svg xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Frontal_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1619 xref: SCTID:279343004 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002762 name: internal medullary lamina of thalamus synonym: "internal medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62079] synonym: "internal medullary lamina of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62079] synonym: "lamina medullaris medialis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62079, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:62079 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1621 xref: SCTID:369161003 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002763 name: accessory medullary lamina synonym: "accessory medullar lamina of pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1626] synonym: "accessory medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62471] synonym: "accessory medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62471] synonym: "accessory medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62471] synonym: "incomplete medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62471] synonym: "lamina medullaris accessoria corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62471, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:62471 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1626 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011299 ! white matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0002764 name: inferior precentral sulcus synonym: "inferior part of precentral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83764] synonym: "sulcus praecentralis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1627] synonym: "sulcus precentralis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1627] xref: FMA:83764 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1627 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002765 name: lateral medullary lamina synonym: "external medulary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "external medulary lamina of lentiform nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "external medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "external medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "external medullary lamina of lentiform nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "lamina medullaris externa corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62469, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina medullaris lateralis corporis striati" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62469, FMA:TA] synonym: "lateral medulary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "lateral medulary stria" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "lateral medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "lateral medullary lamina of corpus striatum" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "lateral medullary lamina of globus pallidus" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "lateral medullary lamina of pallidum" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "lateral medullary stria" EXACT [FMA:62469] synonym: "medulary lamina of pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "outer medulary lamina" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634] synonym: "outer medullary lamina" EXACT [FMA:62469] xref: FMA:62469 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1634 xref: SCTID:369204004 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011299 ! white matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0002766 name: fusiform gyrus def: "The fusiform gyrus is part of the temporal lobe. It is also known as the (discontinuous) occipitotemporal gyrus. Other sources have the fusiform gyrus above the occipitotemporal gyrus and underneath the parahippocampal gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Fusiform_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus fusiformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fusiform_gyrus] synonym: "gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61908, FMA:TA] synonym: "lateral occipitotemporal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61908] synonym: "medial occipitotemporal gyrus-1 (heimer)" EXACT [] synonym: "occipitotemporal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61908] xref: FMA:61908 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Gray727.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray727.svg/200px-Gray727.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1641 xref: SCTID:110678003 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002767 name: inferior rostral sulcus synonym: "sulcus rostralis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1642] xref: FMA:83767 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1642 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002768 name: vestibulospinal tract def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the vestibular nucleus of the pons towards target cells in the spinal cord[GO]." [Wikipedia:Vestibulospinal_tract] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "tractus vestibulospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibulospinal_tract] synonym: "vestibulo-spinal tract" EXACT [ZFA:0000709] xref: FMA:72646 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1643 xref: SCTID:369289007 xref: TAO:0000709 xref: ZFA:0000709 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002769 name: superior temporal gyrus def: "A gyrus (plural gyri) is a bump or ridge on the surface of the brain. The superior temporal gyrus is one of three (sometimes two) gyri in the temporal lobe of the human brain. The superior temporal gyrus is bounded by: the lateral sulcus above; the superior temporal sulcus (not always present or visible) below; an imaginary line drawn from the preoccipital notch to the lateral sulcus posteriorly. The superior temporal gyrus contains several important structures of the brain, including: Brodmann areas 41 and 42, marking the location of the primary auditory cortex, the cortical region responsible for the sensation of sound; Wernicke's area, Brodmann 22p, an important region for the processing of speech so that it can be understood as language. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_temporal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus temporalis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1648] synonym: "gyrus temporalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_temporal_gyrus] xref: BM:Tel-STG xref: EFO:0001944 xref: FMA:61905 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Superior_temporal_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Superior_temporal_gyrus.png/200px-Superior_temporal_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Temporal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1648 xref: SCTID:362345008 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002770 name: posterior hypothalamic region def: "The part of the hypothalamus posterior to the middle region consisting of several nuclei including the medial mamillary nucleus, lateral mamillary nucleus, and posterior hypothalamic nucleus (posterior hypothalamic area). The posterior hypothalamic area is concerned with control of sympathetic responses and is sensitive to conditions of decreasing temperature and controls the mechanisms for the conservation and increased production of heat." [MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.362] synonym: "mammillary level of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62029] synonym: "mammillary region" EXACT [FMA:62029] synonym: "posterior hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:62029] xref: FMA:62029 xref: GAID:651 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.357.362 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1651 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002771 name: middle temporal gyrus def: "Middle temporal gyrus is a gyrus in the brain on the Temporal lobe. It is located between the superior temporal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus. Its exact function is unknown, but it has been connected with processes as different as contemplating distance, recognition of known faces, and accessing word meaning while reading. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Middle_temporal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus temporalis medius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1653] synonym: "intermediate temporal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61906] synonym: "medial temporal gyrus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_temporal_gyrus] xref: EFO:0002466 xref: FMA:61906 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/WOROI_60_loc.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/WOROI_60_loc.png/200px-WOROI_60_loc.png xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Temporal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1653 xref: SCTID:279190006 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002772 name: olfactory sulcus def: "The medial orbital gyrus presents a well-marked antero-posterior sulcus, the olfactory sulcus, for the olfactory tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "olfactory groove" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1655] synonym: "sulcus olfactorius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1655] synonym: "sulcus olfactorius lobi frontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_sulcus] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-OFS xref: FMA:83769 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Gray729_olfactory_sulcus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gray729_olfactory_sulcus.png/200px-Gray729_olfactory_sulcus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1655 xref: SCTID:279358007 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002773 name: anterior transverse temporal gyrus synonym: "anterior transverse convolution of heschl" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1657] synonym: "anterior transverse temporal convolution of heschl" EXACT [] synonym: "first transverse gyrus of heschl" EXACT [] synonym: "great transverse gyrus of heschl" EXACT [] xref: FMA:61909 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1657 xref: SCTID:279192003 is_a: UBERON:0003939 ! transverse gyrus of Heschl [Term] id: UBERON:0002774 name: posterior transverse temporal gyrus synonym: "posterior transverse convolution of heschl" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1661] synonym: "posterior transverse temporal convolution of heschl" EXACT [] xref: FMA:61910 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1661 xref: SCTID:279193008 is_a: UBERON:0003939 ! transverse gyrus of Heschl [Term] id: UBERON:0002775 name: olivocochlear bundle synonym: "bundle of rasmussen" EXACT [] synonym: "efferent cochlear bundle" EXACT [FMA:72485] synonym: "olivocochlear bundle of rasmussen" EXACT [] synonym: "olivocochlear tract" EXACT [FMA:72485] synonym: "tractus olivocochlearis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72485, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72485 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1666 xref: SCTID:369030009 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002776 name: ventral nuclear group def: "The ventral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the ventral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following: ventral anterior nucleus ventral lateral nucleus ventral posterior nucleus [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_nuclear_group] comment: Editors note: consider splitting nucleus from nuclear group subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei ventrales thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1669] synonym: "ventral group of dorsal thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1669] synonym: "ventral nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62022] synonym: "ventral nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62022] synonym: "ventral nuclear mass" EXACT [FMA:62022] synonym: "ventral nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62022] synonym: "ventral tier thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62022] xref: ABA:VENT xref: BTO:0002467 xref: EV:0100206 xref: FMA:62022 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1669 xref: SCTID:279125005 xref: ZFA:0005576 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002144 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002704 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002777 name: obsolete neostriatum subset: uberon_slim xref: GAID:669 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0002778 name: ventral pallidum def: "Part of the globus pallidus, consistingo of the more medial of the two segments. In some species, e.g., primates, it is separated from the lateral segment by the fibers of the medial medullary lamina (MM)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1674] synonym: "ventral globus pallidus" RELATED [BTO:0004375] synonym: "ventral pallidum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1674] xref: ABA:PALv xref: BM:Tel-VPa xref: BTO:0004375 xref: FMA:77613 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1674 is_a: UBERON:0006514 {source="FMA"} ! pallidum is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 {source="NIF-def", source="BTO"} ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0002779 name: lateral superior olivary nucleus def: "In anatomy, the olivary bodies or simply olives (Latin oliva and olivae, singular and plural, respectively) are a pair of prominent oval structures in the medulla oblongata, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olivary_body] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72472] synonym: "accessory superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72472] synonym: "accessory superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72472] synonym: "lateral superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72472] synonym: "superior olivary nucleus, lateral part" EXACT [FMA:72472] xref: BM:Pons-SOL xref: FMA:72472 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gray679.png/200px-Gray679.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1675 xref: SCTID:360477003 is_a: UBERON:0007247 ! superior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002780 name: regional part of forebrain def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a forebrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "forebrain segment" EXACT [FMA:61996] synonym: "segment of forebrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1677] xref: FMA:61996 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1677 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0002781 name: caudal part of ventral posterolateral nucleus synonym: "ventral posterior lateral nucleus (ilinsky)" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62206] synonym: "ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62206] xref: FMA:62206 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1681 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002782 name: medial superior olivary nucleus def: "The superior olivary complex (or SOC or superior olive) is a small mass of gray substance situated on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body. Small in humans, but well developed in certain animals, it exhibits similar structure as the inferior olivary nucleus, and is situated immediately above it. Some of the fibers of the trapezoid body end by arborizing around the cells of this nucleus, while others arise from these cells. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_olivary_complex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "chief nucleus of superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72473] synonym: "chief superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72473] synonym: "main superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72473] synonym: "medial superior olive" EXACT [FMA:72473] synonym: "nucleus laminaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1682] synonym: "principal superior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72473] synonym: "superior olivary nucleus, medial part" EXACT [FMA:72473] xref: BM:Pons-SOM xref: FMA:72473 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray713.png/200px-Gray713.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1682 is_a: UBERON:0007247 ! superior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002783 name: central tegmental tract of pons xref: FMA:72494 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1683 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002784 name: regional part of diencephalon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a diencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "diencephalon segment" EXACT [FMA:62005] xref: FMA:62005 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1685 xref: SCTID:119264001 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002785 name: regional part of lateral hypothalamic region subset: non_informative synonym: "lateral hypothalamic region segment" EXACT [FMA:62312] synonym: "segment of lateral hypothalamic region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1687] xref: FMA:62312 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1687 is_a: UBERON:0003048 ! regional part of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area [Term] id: UBERON:0002786 name: abducens nerve fibers synonym: "abducens nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72491] synonym: "abducens nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72491] synonym: "central part of abducens nerve" EXACT [FMA:72491] synonym: "root of abducens nerve" EXACT [FMA:72491] xref: FMA:72491 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1689 is_a: UBERON:0006843 {source="FMA"} ! root of cranial nerve relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001896 {source="ZFA-abduced"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002787 name: decussation of trochlear nerve synonym: "decussation of trochlear nerve (IV)" EXACT [FMA:72488] synonym: "trochlear neural decussation" EXACT [FMA:72488] xref: FMA:72488 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1690 is_a: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0002788 name: anterior nuclear group def: "The anterior nuclei of thalamus (or anterior nuclear group) are collection of nuclei at the rostral end of the dorsal thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anterior_nuclear_group] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62019] synonym: "anterior nuclear group of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62019] synonym: "anterior nuclei of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62019] synonym: "anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62019] synonym: "anterior thalamic group" EXACT [MA:0000861] synonym: "anterior thalamic nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62019] synonym: "anterior thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692] synonym: "nuclei anterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692] synonym: "nuclei anteriores (thalami)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692] synonym: "nuclei anteriores thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692] synonym: "nuclei thalamicus anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692] synonym: "rostral thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000427] xref: ABA:ATN xref: EV:0100196 xref: FMA:62019 xref: GAID:658 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: MA:0000861 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.826.701.080 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1692 xref: SCTID:279124009 xref: TAO:0000427 xref: ZFA:0000427 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004703 {source="MA"} ! dorsal thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0002789 name: regional part of posterior hypothalamic region def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a posterior hypothalamic region [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "posterior hypothalamic region segment" EXACT [FMA:62311] synonym: "segment of posterior hypothalamic region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1697] xref: FMA:62311 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1697 is_a: UBERON:0003048 ! regional part of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002770 ! posterior hypothalamic region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 ! posterior hypothalamic region [Term] id: UBERON:0002790 name: dorsal acoustic stria synonym: "posterior acoustic stria" EXACT [FMA:72496] synonym: "stria cochlearis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72496, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72496 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1698 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002791 name: regional part of telencephalon def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a telencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of telencephalon" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1700] synonym: "telencephalon segment" EXACT [FMA:62374] xref: FMA:62374 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1700 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002792 name: lumbar spinal cord def: "." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_spinal_cord] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lumbar segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71168] synonym: "lumbar segments of spinal cord [1-5]" EXACT [FMA:71168] synonym: "lumbar spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71168] synonym: "segmenta lumbalia medullae spinalis [1-5]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71168, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:71168 xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1704 xref: SCTID:180962006 is_a: UBERON:0005844 ! spinal cord segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 intersection_of: UBERON:0005844 ! spinal cord segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back [Term] id: UBERON:0002793 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of pons xref: FMA:72492 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1707 is_a: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 intersection_of: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0002794 name: medial longitudinal fasciculus of pons def: "A medial longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a pons [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medial longitudinal fasciculus of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons of varolius medial longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72493 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1708 is_a: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 intersection_of: UBERON:0002309 ! medial longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0002795 name: frontal pole def: "Component of the frontal lobe. The rostral and caudal boundaries of the frontal pole are the superior frontal gyrus and the rostral division of the middle frontal gyrus respectively (Christine Fennama-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1716] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "polus frontalis" EXACT [NeuroNames:57] xref: FMA:74885 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1716 xref: SCTID:314144002 is_a: UBERON:0009899 ! pole of cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 intersection_of: UBERON:0009899 ! pole of cerebral hemisphere intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002796 name: motor root of trigeminal nerve comment: todo - check ZFA synonym: "dorsal motor root of v" RELATED [TAO:0000650] synonym: "motor branch of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52612] synonym: "motor root of nervus v" EXACT [] synonym: "radix motoria (Nervus trigeminus [V])" EXACT [FMA:52612] xref: FMA:52612 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1717 xref: SCTID:280189001 xref: TAO:0000650 xref: ZFA:0000650 is_a: UBERON:0004673 ! trigeminal nerve root relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005239 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0002797 name: dorsal trigeminal tract def: "The dorsal trigeminal tract (dorsal trigeminothalamic tract, or lemniscus) is a tract which receives signals from Meissner's corpuscles and Pacinian corpuscles. this tract arises from Principal trigeminal nucleus and terminates in the VPM nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_trigeminal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal ascending trigeminal tract" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "dorsal division of trigeminal lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "dorsal secondary ascending tract of v" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal secondary tract of v" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal trigeminal lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "dorsal trigeminal pathway" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "dorsal trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "posterior trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "reticulothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500] synonym: "tractus trigeminothalamicus posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72500, FMA:TA] synonym: "uncrossed dorsal trigeminothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:72500] xref: FMA:72500 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1718 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002798 name: spinothalamic tract of pons def: "Part of spinothalamic tract that is in the pontine tegmentum" [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1719] synonym: "pons of varolius spinothalamic tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons of varolius spinothalamic tract of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons spinothalamic tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons spinothalamic tract of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinothalamic tract of medulla of pons" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinothalamic tract of medulla of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinothalamic tract of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72504 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1719 xref: SCTID:369026006 is_a: UBERON:0007702 {source="FMA"} ! tract of brain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0007703 ! spinothalamic tract [Term] id: UBERON:0002799 name: fronto-orbital sulcus synonym: "fronto-orbital dimple" EXACT [FMA:83768] synonym: "orbito-frontal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83768] synonym: "orbitofrontal sulcus" EXACT [BM:Tel-Cx-OFS] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-OFS xref: FMA:83768 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1724 is_a: UBERON:0008334 {source="FMA"} ! subarachnoid sulcus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004167 ! orbitofrontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002800 name: spinal trigeminal tract of pons xref: FMA:72507 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1725 xref: SCTID:369027002 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002801 name: stratum zonale of thalamus synonym: "neuraxis stratum" EXACT [FMA:83905] synonym: "stratum zonale thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1727] xref: FMA:83905 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1727 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002802 name: left parietal lobe xref: FMA:72974 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1728 xref: SCTID:314147009 is_a: UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 intersection_of: UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002921 ! longitudinal fissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002803 [Term] id: UBERON:0002803 name: right parietal lobe xref: FMA:72973 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1729 xref: SCTID:314146000 is_a: UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 intersection_of: UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002921 ! longitudinal fissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002804 name: left limbic lobe xref: FMA:72981 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1780 is_a: UBERON:0002600 ! limbic lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 intersection_of: UBERON:0002600 ! limbic lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002805 name: right limbic lobe xref: FMA:72980 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1781 is_a: UBERON:0002600 ! limbic lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 intersection_of: UBERON:0002600 ! limbic lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002806 name: left occipital lobe xref: FMA:72976 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1782 xref: SCTID:314150007 is_a: UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 intersection_of: UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002921 ! longitudinal fissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002807 [Term] id: UBERON:0002807 name: right occipital lobe xref: FMA:72975 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1783 xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rv9OFy5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:314149007 is_a: UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 intersection_of: UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002921 ! longitudinal fissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002808 name: left temporal lobe xref: FMA:72972 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1784 xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgIFoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rwQLi-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:314158000 is_a: UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 intersection_of: UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002809 name: right temporal lobe xref: FMA:72971 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1785 xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rwQLi-ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:314157005 is_a: UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 intersection_of: UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002810 name: right frontal lobe xref: FMA:72969 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1786 xref: SCTID:314141005 is_a: UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 intersection_of: UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002921 ! longitudinal fissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0002811 name: left frontal lobe xref: FMA:72970 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1787 xref: SCTID:314142003 is_a: UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 intersection_of: UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002921 ! longitudinal fissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002810 [Term] id: UBERON:0002812 name: left cerebral hemisphere synonym: "left hemisphere" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1795] xref: FMA:61819 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Cerebral_Hemisphere xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1795 xref: SCTID:362323007 is_a: UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002813 name: right cerebral hemisphere synonym: "right hemisphere" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1797] xref: FMA:67292 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Cerebral_Hemisphere xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1797 xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngh4rvgHsHZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvigx5ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362322002 is_a: UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002814 name: posterior superior fissure synonym: "fissura post clivalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83733, FMA:TA] synonym: "post-clival fissure" EXACT [FMA:83733] synonym: "postclival fissure" EXACT [FMA:83733] synonym: "posterior superior fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83733] synonym: "postlunate fissure" EXACT [FMA:83733] xref: FMA:83733 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081254 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081254 xref: SCTID:314170001 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002815 name: horizontal fissure def: "The largest and deepest fissure in the cerebellum is named the horizontal sulcus (or horizontal fissure). It commences in front of the pons, and passes horizontally around the free margin of the hemisphere to the middle line behind, and divides the cerebellum into an upper and a lower portion. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Horizontal_fissure_of_cerebellum] synonym: "fissura horizontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Horizontal_fissure_of_cerebellum] synonym: "fissura intercruralis cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75135, FMA:TA] synonym: "great horizontal fissure" EXACT [FMA:75135] synonym: "horizontal fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "horizontal fissure of right lung(line)" EXACT [FMA:14697] synonym: "horizontal sulcus" EXACT [] synonym: "intercrural fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:75135] xref: FMA:14697 xref: FMA:75135 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray702.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Gray702.png/200px-Gray702.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081255 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081255 xref: SCTID:314173004 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002816 name: prepyramidal fissure synonym: "fissura prebiventralis cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75138, FMA:TA] synonym: "prebiventral fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:75138] synonym: "prepyramidal fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:75138] synonym: "prepyramidal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:75138] xref: FMA:75138 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081257 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081257 xref: SCTID:314171002 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002817 name: secondary fissure synonym: "fissura postpyramidalis cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:84043, FMA:TA] synonym: "post-pyramidal fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:84043] synonym: "postpyramidal fissure" EXACT [FMA:84043] synonym: "secondary fissure" EXACT [FMA:84043] synonym: "secondary fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:84043] xref: FMA:84043 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081258 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081258 xref: SCTID:314169002 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002818 name: posterolateral fissure synonym: "dorsolateral fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83730] synonym: "posterolateral fissure of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83730] synonym: "prenodular fissure" EXACT [FMA:83730] synonym: "prenodular sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83730] synonym: "uvulonodular fissure" EXACT [FMA:83730] xref: FMA:83730 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20081259 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081259 xref: SCTID:314172009 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002819 name: apex of cochlea def: "The cupula is a structure in the vestibular system, sensing proprioception. The cupula is located within the ampullae of each of the three semicircular canals. As fluid rushes by the cupula, hair cells within it sense rotational acceleration, and transmit the corresponding signal to the brain through the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) In their natural orientation within the head, the cupulae are located on the medial aspect of the semicircular canals. In this orientation, the kinocilia rest on the posterior aspect of the cupula. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Apex_of_cochlea] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cochlea apex" EXACT [FMA:75641] synonym: "cupula of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:75641] xref: FMA:75641 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2523 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0002820 name: zona arcuata of basilar membrane of cochlea alt_id: UBERON:0002821 xref: FMA:75709 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2528 is_a: UBERON:0005764 ! acellular membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0002822 name: macula lutea proper xref: FMA:58671 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2542 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000053 ! macula lutea [Term] id: UBERON:0002823 name: clivus of fovea centralis comment: NIF differs from FMA synonym: "clivus of macula lutea" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2544] synonym: "fovea centralis clivus" EXACT [FMA:58674] xref: FMA:58674 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2544 is_a: UBERON:0000466 ! immaterial anatomical entity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001786 ! fovea centralis [Term] id: UBERON:0002824 name: vestibular ganglion def: "The vestibular nerve ganglion (also called Scarpa's ganglion) is the ganglion of the vestibular nerve. It contains the cell bodies of the bipolar primary afferent neurons whose peripheral processes form synaptic contact with hair cells of the vestibular sensory end organs[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Scarpa%27s_ganglion] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "Scarpa's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:53435] synonym: "vestibulocochlear component" EXACT [] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion vestibular component" EXACT [MA:0001086] xref: EMAPA:17573 xref: FMA:53435 xref: MA:0001086 xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Ganglion xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2549 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002199 xref: SCTID:244450009 xref: VHOG:0000682 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="FMA"} ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002827 {source="MA"} ! auditory ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002825 name: superior part of vestibular ganglion synonym: "pars superior vestibularis" RELATED [MA:0002778] synonym: "vestibular ganglion superior part" EXACT [MA:0002778] xref: FMA:77531 xref: MA:0002778 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2551 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002824 ! vestibular ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002826 name: inferior part of vestibular ganglion synonym: "vestibular ganglion inferior part" EXACT [MA:0002779] xref: FMA:77532 xref: MA:0002779 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2552 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002824 ! vestibular ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002827 name: auditory ganglion comment: Editor notes: Consider follow MA naming scheme. // The cell bodies of the cochlear nerve lie within the central aspect of the cochlea and are collectively known as the spiral ganglion. This name reflects the fact that the cell bodies, considered as a unit, have a spiral (or perhaps more accurately, a helical) shape, reflecting the shape of the cochlea. The terms "cochlear nerve fiber" and "spiral ganglion cell" are used, to some degree, interchangeably, although the former may be used to more specifically refer to the central axons of the cochlear nerve. These central axons exit the cochlea at its base, where it forms a nerve trunk. In humans, this aspect of the nerve is roughly one inch in length. It projects centrally to the brainstem, where its fibers synapse with the cell bodies of the cochlear nucleus[Wikipedia:Cochlear_nerve] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "acoustic ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000696] synonym: "auditory ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000588] synonym: "gVIII" EXACT [ZFA:0000588] synonym: "sag" EXACT [ZFA:0000588] synonym: "statoacoustic (VIII) ganglion" EXACT [ZFA:0000588] synonym: "statoacoustic ganglia" EXACT [ZFA:0000588] synonym: "statoacoustic VIII ganglion" RELATED [VHOG:0000696] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII ganglion" EXACT [MA:0001084] xref: EFO:0003543 xref: EHDAA2:0002196 xref: EHDAA:5569 xref: EHDAA:6653 xref: EMAPA:17571 xref: MA:0001084 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2564 xref: TAO:0000588 xref: VHOG:0000696 xref: XAO:0004142 xref: ZFA:0000588 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003249 {source="NBK53175"} ! epithelium of otic placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005565 {source="ZFA"} ! facio-acoustic neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002105 {source="ZFA"} ! vestibulo-auditory system property_value: external_definition "The sensory ganglion of the ear. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for statoacoustic ganglion by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000588", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes " (During the development of the inner ear in a vertebrate embryo) As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000696", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:21452441 Park BY, Saint-Jeannet JP, Induction and Segregation of the Vertebrate Cranial Placodes. Developmental Biology (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002828 name: ventral cochlear nucleus def: "The ventral cochlear nucleus (or anterior, or accessory), placed between the two divisions of the cochlear nerve, is on the ventral aspect of the inferior peduncle. Composed of several regions of distinct cell types, this nucleus serves primarily as a relay station for ascending auditory information. Bushy cells in the anterior ventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN), which receive end bulbs of held from auditory nerve fibers, project to the superior olivary complex through the trapezoid body and intermediate acoustic stria. Other cell types project to the lateral lemniscus and the inferior colliculus directly. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_cochlear_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "anterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54621] synonym: "c1281209" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2567] synonym: "ventral cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54621] xref: ABA:VCO xref: BM:CV xref: FMA:54621 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Gray760.png/200px-Gray760.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2567 xref: SCTID:280178008 is_a: UBERON:0001720 ! cochlear nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002829 name: dorsal cochlear nucleus def: "The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN, also known as the 'tuberculum acousticum'), is a cortex-like structure on the dorso-lateral surface of the brainstem. Along with the ventral cochlear nucleus, it forms the cochlear nucleus, where all auditory nerve fibers from the cochlea form their first synapses. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_cochlear_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54624] synonym: "dorsal division of cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54624] synonym: "nucleus cochlearis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_cochlear_nucleus] synonym: "posterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54624] xref: ABA:DCO xref: BM:Me-CD xref: FMA:54624 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Gray760.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Gray760.png/200px-Gray760.png xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Cochlear_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2569 xref: SCTID:280179000 is_a: UBERON:0001720 ! cochlear nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002830 name: anteroventral cochlear nucleus synonym: "anterior part of anterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2572] synonym: "anteroventral auditory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72571] synonym: "nucleus magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2572] xref: FMA:72571 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2572 is_a: UBERON:0001720 ! cochlear nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002831 name: posteroventral cochlear nucleus synonym: "posterior part of anterior cochlear nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2573] xref: FMA:72572 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2573 is_a: UBERON:0001720 ! cochlear nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002832 name: ventral nucleus of trapezoid body synonym: "anterior nucleus of trapezoid body" EXACT [FMA:72477] synonym: "nucleus anterior corporis trapezoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72477, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72477 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2576 xref: SCTID:369020000 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007247 ! superior olivary nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007633 ! nucleus of trapezoid body relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002833 name: medial nucleus of trapezoid body xref: FMA:75732 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2595 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007633 ! nucleus of trapezoid body [Term] id: UBERON:0002834 name: cervical dorsal root ganglion synonym: "cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6005] synonym: "cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6005] xref: FMA:6005 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2599 xref: SCTID:278325008 is_a: UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002835 name: thoracic dorsal root ganglion def: "A dorsal root ganglion that is part of a thorax [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal root ganglion of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion of dorsal root of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion spinalis of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6006] synonym: "thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6006] synonym: "thorax dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax ganglion of dorsal root" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax ganglion spinalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:6006 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2600 xref: SCTID:278326009 is_a: UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion is_a: UBERON:0000961 ! thoracic ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0002836 name: lumbar dorsal root ganglion def: "the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the lumbar vertebrae." [MP:0006404] synonym: "lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6007] synonym: "lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6007] xref: FMA:6007 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2601 xref: SCTID:278327000 is_a: UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002837 name: sacral dorsal root ganglion synonym: "sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6008] synonym: "sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6008] xref: FMA:6008 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2602 xref: SCTID:278328005 is_a: UBERON:0000044 ! dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002838 name: first cervical dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6010] synonym: "first cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6010] xref: EMAPA:25144 xref: FMA:6010 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2603 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002839 name: second cervical dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "second cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6315] synonym: "second cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6315] xref: EMAPA:25155 xref: FMA:6315 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2604 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002840 name: third cervical dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "third cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6316] synonym: "third cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6316] xref: EMAPA:25156 xref: FMA:6316 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2605 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002841 name: fourth cervical dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fourth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6317] synonym: "fourth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6317] xref: EMAPA:25157 xref: FMA:6317 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2606 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002842 name: fifth cervical dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6318] synonym: "fifth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6318] xref: EMAPA:25158 xref: FMA:6318 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2607 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002843 name: seventh cervical dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "seventh cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6360] synonym: "seventh cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6360] xref: EMAPA:25160 xref: FMA:6360 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2609 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002844 name: eighth cervical dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eighth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6361] synonym: "eighth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6361] xref: FMA:6361 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2610 is_a: UBERON:0002834 ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002845 name: first thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6321] synonym: "first thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6321] xref: EMAPA:25174 xref: FMA:6321 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2611 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002846 name: second thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "second thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6322] synonym: "second thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6322] xref: EMAPA:25175 xref: FMA:6322 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2612 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002847 name: third thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "third thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6323] synonym: "third thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6323] xref: EMAPA:25176 xref: FMA:6323 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2613 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002848 name: fifth thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6325] synonym: "fifth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6325] xref: EMAPA:25179 xref: FMA:6325 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2615 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002849 name: sixth thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "sixth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6326] synonym: "sixth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6326] xref: EMAPA:25178 xref: FMA:6326 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2616 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002850 name: seventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "seventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6327] synonym: "seventh thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6327] xref: EMAPA:25180 xref: FMA:6327 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2617 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002851 name: eighth thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eighth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6328] synonym: "eighth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6328] xref: EMAPA:25181 xref: FMA:6328 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2618 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002852 name: ninth thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "ninth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6329] synonym: "ninth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6329] xref: EMAPA:25182 xref: FMA:6329 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2619 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002853 name: tenth thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "tenth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6330] synonym: "tenth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6330] xref: EMAPA:25183 xref: FMA:6330 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2620 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002854 name: eleventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eleventh thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6331] synonym: "eleventh thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6331] xref: EMAPA:25184 xref: FMA:6331 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2621 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002855 name: twelfth thoracic dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "twelfth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6332] synonym: "twelfth thoracic spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6332] xref: EMAPA:25185 xref: FMA:6332 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2622 is_a: UBERON:0002835 ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002856 name: second lumbar dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "second lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6336] synonym: "second lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6336] xref: EMAPA:25165 xref: FMA:6336 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2623 is_a: UBERON:0002836 ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002857 name: first lumbar dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6335] synonym: "first lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6335] xref: EMAPA:25164 xref: FMA:6335 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2624 is_a: UBERON:0002836 ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002858 name: third lumbar dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "third lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6337] synonym: "third lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6337] xref: EMAPA:25166 xref: FMA:6337 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2625 is_a: UBERON:0002836 ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002859 name: fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion alt_id: UBERON:0003944 def: "the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra" [MP:0001022] subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6339] synonym: "fifth lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6339] synonym: "L5 dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [MP:0001022] xref: EMAPA:25168 xref: FMA:6339 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2627 is_a: UBERON:0002836 ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002860 name: first sacral dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6342] synonym: "first sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6342] xref: EMAPA:25170 xref: FMA:6342 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2628 is_a: UBERON:0002837 ! sacral dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002861 name: second sacral dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "second sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6343] synonym: "second sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6343] xref: EMAPA:25171 xref: FMA:6343 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2629 is_a: UBERON:0002837 ! sacral dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002862 name: third sacral dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "third sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6344] synonym: "third sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6344] xref: EMAPA:25172 xref: FMA:6344 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2630 is_a: UBERON:0002837 ! sacral dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002863 name: fifth sacral dorsal root ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6346] synonym: "fifth sacral spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6346] xref: FMA:6346 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2632 is_a: UBERON:0002837 ! sacral dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0002864 name: accessory cuneate nucleus def: "The accessory cuneate nucleus is located lateral to the cuneate nucleus in the medulla oblongata at the level of the sensory decussation. It receives input from cervical spinal nerves and transmits that information to the cerebellum. These fibers are called cuneocerebellar (cuneate nucleus > cerebellum) fibers. In this function, the accessory cuneate nucleus is comparable to the upper extremity portion of the posterior spinocerebellar tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Accessory_cuneate_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "external cuneate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72603] synonym: "lateral cuneate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72603] synonym: "nucleus cuneatus accessorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Accessory_cuneate_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of corpus restiforme" EXACT [FMA:72603] xref: ABA:ECU xref: BM:Me-CX xref: EV:0100285 xref: FMA:72603 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2634 xref: SCTID:15575006 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002865 name: arcuate nucleus of medulla def: "An arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus that is part of a medulla [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arcuate hypothalamic nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arcuate nucleus-1" EXACT [FMA:72609] synonym: "arcuate nucleus-2 of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arcuate periventricular nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "infundibular hypothalamic nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "infundibular nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "infundibular periventricular nucleus of medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medial arcuate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72609] synonym: "medulla arcuate hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla arcuate nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla arcuate nucleus-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla arcuate periventricular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla infundibular hypothalamic nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla infundibular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla infundibular periventricular nucleus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nucleus arciformis pyramidalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2635] xref: FMA:72609 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2635 is_a: UBERON:0001932 ! arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 intersection_of: UBERON:0001932 ! arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0000958 ! medulla [Term] id: UBERON:0002866 name: caudal part of spinal trigeminal nucleus synonym: "caudal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2637] synonym: "caudal nucleus (kandell)" EXACT [] synonym: "spinal trigeminal nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:72606] xref: ABA:SPVC xref: EV:0100235 xref: FMA:72606 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.931.920.927 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2637 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001717 ! spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002867 name: central gray substance of medulla synonym: "central gray matter" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2638] synonym: "medullary central gray substance" EXACT [FMA:72595] xref: FMA:72595 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2638 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002868 name: commissural nucleus of vagus nerve synonym: "commissural nucleus-1" EXACT [FMA:54597] synonym: "nucleus of inferior commissure" EXACT [FMA:54597] synonym: "nucleus of inferior commisure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2639] xref: FMA:54597 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2639 is_a: UBERON:0011775 {source="FMA"} ! vagus nerve nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002869 name: diffuse reticular nucleus synonym: "kolloker-fuse nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2641] synonym: "nucleus of kolliker-fuse" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72598 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2641 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002870 name: dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve def: "The dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve (or posterior motor nucleus of vagus) is a cranial nerve nucleus for the vagus nerve that arises from the floor of the fourth ventricle. It mostly serves parasympathetic vagal functions in the heart, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and other thoracic and abdominal vagal innervations. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal efferent nucleus of vagus" EXACT [FMA:54592] synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal motor nucleus of vagus X nerve" EXACT [MA:0001036] synonym: "dorsal motor vagal nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "dorsal vagal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2642] synonym: "dorsal vagal nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "nucleus alaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2642] synonym: "nucleus posterior nervi vagi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "posterior nucleus of vagus nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "vagus nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dorsal_nucleus_of_vagus_nerve] xref: ABA:DMX xref: BM:DX xref: EHDAA2:0004649 xref: EV:0100287 xref: FMA:54592 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Gray697.png/200px-Gray697.png xref: MA:0001036 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Nucleus_of_the_Vagus_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2642 xref: SCTID:52884007 is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0011778 ! motor nucleus of vagal nerve relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010127 {evidence="definitional"} ! future dorsal motor nucleus of vagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="NIF", source="MA"} ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002871 name: hypoglossal nucleus def: "The hypoglossal nucleus is a cranial nerve nucleus, and it extends the length of the medulla, and being a motor nucleus, is close to the midline. In the open medulla, it is visible as what is known as the hypoglossal trigone, a raised area (medial to the vagal trigone) protruding slightly into the fourth ventricle. In the closed medulla, the gracile and cuneate nuclei lie posteriorly, which means the nucleus is not as close to the back of the medulla as in the open medulla. It is, however, still close to the midline. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hypoglossal nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54505] synonym: "hypoglossal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54505] synonym: "hypoglossal XII nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001039] synonym: "nucleus nervi hypoglossi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54505, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus nervi hypoglossi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypoglossal_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of hypoglossal nerve" EXACT [FMA:54505] synonym: "twelfth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54505] xref: ABA:XII xref: BM:XII xref: EHDAA2:0004635 xref: EV:0100286 xref: FMA:54505 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: MA:0001039 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypoglossal_Nucleus xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_the_Hypoglossal_Nerve xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2644 xref: SCTID:47361005 xref: VHOG:0001358 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002872 name: inferior salivatory nucleus def: "In the brain, the inferior salivatory nucleus is a cluster of neurons controlling the parasympathetic input to the parotid gland. It is one of the components of the glossopharyngeal nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_salivatory_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior salivary nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021752] synonym: "inferior salivatary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus salivatorius inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_salivatory_nucleus] xref: ABA:ISN xref: EHDAA2:0004641 xref: FMA:72601 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Gray843.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gray843.png/200px-Gray843.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2645 is_a: UBERON:0004133 ! salivatory nucleus relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001649 ! glossopharyngeal nerve relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010124 {evidence="definitional"} ! future inferior salivatory nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002877 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002873 name: interpolar part of spinal trigeminal nucleus xref: ABA:SPVI xref: FMA:235324 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2646 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001717 ! spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007633 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002874 name: lateral pericuneate nucleus xref: FMA:72604 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2647 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002875 name: medial pericuneate nucleus xref: FMA:72605 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2648 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002876 name: nucleus intercalatus alt_id: UBERON:0002878 comment: two NIF classes with the same name synonym: "intercalated nucleus of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72597] synonym: "nucleus intercalatus of medulla" EXACT [FMA:72597] synonym: "nucleus of staderini" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus staderini" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2651] synonym: "nucleus staderini" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2654] xref: EV:0100291 xref: FMA:72597 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2651 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2654 xref: SCTID:369077004 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002877 name: parasolitary nucleus synonym: "nucleus fasciculus solitarius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2653] synonym: "nucleus juxtasolitarius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2653] xref: ABA:PAS xref: FMA:77091 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2653 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001719 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002127 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002154 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002155 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002559 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002673 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002870 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002871 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002872 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002879 name: peritrigeminal nucleus xref: FMA:72600 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2655 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002880 name: pontobulbar nucleus synonym: "nucleus of circumolivary bundle" EXACT [FMA:72608] synonym: "pontobulbar body" EXACT [FMA:72608] xref: FMA:72608 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2656 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002881 name: sublingual nucleus def: "In the substance of the formatio reticularis are two small nuclei of gray matter. The one near the dorsal aspect of the hilus of the inferior olivary nucleus is called the Sublingual nucleus (inferior central nucleus, nucleus of Roller.) [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior central nucleus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of roller" EXACT [FMA:68574] synonym: "nucleus of roller" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus sublingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sublingual_nucleus] xref: ABA:NR xref: FMA:68574 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2657 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002160 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002882 name: supraspinal nucleus xref: BM:SSp xref: EV:0100282 xref: FMA:74507 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2658 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002883 name: central amygdaloid nucleus synonym: "amygdala central nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002686] synonym: "central nucleus of amygda" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2682] synonym: "central nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:74047] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae centralis" RELATED [BTO:0002686] xref: BM:Tel-Am-ACE xref: BTO:0002686 xref: EV:0100191 xref: FMA:74047 xref: MA:0002923 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2682 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002884 name: intercalated amygdaloid nuclei synonym: "intercalated amygdaloid nuclei" EXACT [FMA:61868] synonym: "intercalated amygdaloid nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61868] synonym: "intercalated masses of nucleus amygdaloideus" EXACT [FMA:61868] synonym: "intercalated nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:61868] synonym: "intercalated nucleus of the amygdala" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2683] synonym: "massa intercalata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2683] synonym: "massa intercalata of amygdala" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2683] xref: FMA:61868 xref: MA:0002925 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2683 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002885 name: accessory basal amygdaloid nucleus synonym: "accessory basal nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2686] synonym: "basal amygdaloid nucleus, medial part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2686] synonym: "basomedial nucleus (de olmos)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2686] xref: FMA:61867 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2686 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002886 name: lateral amygdaloid nucleus synonym: "lateral nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:61866] synonym: "lateral principal nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:61866] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae lateralis" RELATED [BTO:0002704] xref: ABA:LA xref: BM:Tel-Am-ALA xref: BTO:0002704 xref: FMA:61866 xref: MA:0002926 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2687 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002887 name: basal amygdaloid nucleus synonym: "basolateral amygaloid nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2692] synonym: "basolateral amygdalar nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2692] synonym: "basolateral amygdaloid nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68855] synonym: "basolateral nucleus (de olmos)" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate principal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68855] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae basalis lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68855, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:BLA xref: FMA:68855 xref: MA:0002921 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2692 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002023 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002888 name: lateral part of basal amygdaloid nucleus synonym: "lateral basal nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2695] synonym: "lateral basal nucleus of the amygdala" EXACT [FMA:68857] synonym: "lateral division of basal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2695] synonym: "lateral division of the basal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68857] xref: FMA:68857 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2695 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002887 ! basal amygdaloid nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002889 name: medial part of basal amygdaloid nucleus synonym: "basomedial amygdalar nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BMA] synonym: "basomedial amygdaloid nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68858, MA:0002922] synonym: "medial basal nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:68858] synonym: "medial division of basal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:68858] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae basalis medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68858, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:BMA xref: FMA:68858 xref: MA:0002922 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2696 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002887 ! basal amygdaloid nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002890 name: anterior amygdaloid area synonym: "anterior amygaloid area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2698] synonym: "anterior amygdalar area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2698] xref: ABA:AAA xref: BM:Tel-Am-AAA xref: FMA:61861 xref: MA:0002919 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2698 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002891 name: cortical amygdaloid nucleus synonym: "nucleus amygdalae corticalis" RELATED [BTO:0002703] synonym: "posterior cortical amygdaloid nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2700] synonym: "posterior cortical nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:61862] xref: BTO:0002703 xref: EV:0100193 xref: FMA:61862 xref: MA:0002924 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2700 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002892 name: medial amygdaloid nucleus synonym: "medial amygalar nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2701] synonym: "medial nucleus of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:74046] synonym: "nucleus amygdalae medialis" RELATED [BTO:0002702] xref: BM:Tel-Am-AME xref: BTO:0002702 xref: EV:0100192 xref: FMA:74046 xref: MA:0002927 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2701 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala [Term] id: UBERON:0002893 name: nucleus of lateral olfactory tract synonym: "lateral olfactory tract nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61865] synonym: "nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract (ganser)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2702] xref: ABA:NLOT xref: BM:Tel-NLOT xref: FMA:61865 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2702 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001876 ! amygdala property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002894 name: olfactory cortex def: "The olfactory cortex is involved in the perception of smell. It receives input from the olfactory bulb and is responsible for the identification of odors[GO]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_cortex] comment: Editor note - consider relationship: receives_input_from UBERON:0002264 {source="GO"} subset: uberon_slim synonym: "archaeocortex" RELATED [BTO:0001446] synonym: "archeocortex" RELATED [BTO:0001446] synonym: "olfactory lobe" RELATED [MA:0000193] xref: BTO:0001446 xref: EHDAA2:0001289 xref: EHDAA:5482 xref: EMAPA:17779 xref: MA:0000193 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Lobe xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2707 xref: VHOG:0000325 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0005366 ! olfactory lobe property_value: homology_notes " (In mammals) Odorant detection is mediated by millions of olfactory sensory neurons located in the olfactory epithelium lining the nasal cavity. These neurons transmit sensory signals to the olfactory bulb of the brain, which in turn sends signals to the olfactory cortex.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000325", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00097.x Buck LB, Olfactory receptors and odor coding in mammals. Nutrition Reviews (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002895 name: secondary olfactory cortex def: "Brodmann's area 28; major gateway for neocortical input to the hippocampus; origin of the perforant pathway; a component of the medial temporal lobe memory system. (CSP) * The cytoarchitecturally well-defined area of multilaminate cerebral cortex on the medial aspect of the parahippocampal gyrus, immediately caudal to the olfactory cortex of the uncus. The entorhinal cortex is the origin of the major neural fiber system afferent to the hippocampus, the so-called PERFORANT PATHWAY. (Stedman, 25th ed)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2709] comment: FMA considers this a syn of entorhinal cortex. See also brodman definition subset: uberon_slim synonym: "area 28 of Brodmann" EXACT [] synonym: "area 28 of Brodmann (crosby)" EXACT [] synonym: "Brodmann area 28" EXACT [] synonym: "entorhinal cortex" RELATED [FMA:72356] synonym: "secondary olfactory areas" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2709] synonym: "secondary olfactory cortex" EXACT [FMA:72356] synonym: "secondary olfactory cortical area (carpenter)" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002650 xref: BTO:0004345 xref: EV:0100179 xref: FMA:68625 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2709 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 {source="FMA"} ! cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 {source="NIF"} ! olfactory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002896 name: telodiencephalic fissure synonym: "telo-diencephalic fissure" EXACT [FMA:83726] xref: FMA:83726 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4001 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space [Term] id: UBERON:0002897 name: cistern of lamina terminalis synonym: "cisterna lamina terminalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4002] synonym: "lamina terminalis cistern" EXACT [FMA:74516] xref: FMA:74516 xref: ncithesaurus:Lamina_Terminalis_Cistern xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4002 xref: SCTID:12692002 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0002898 name: chiasmatic cistern def: "In front, the cisterna interpeduncularis extends forward across the optic chiasma, forming the cistern of chiasma or chiasmatic cistern, and on to the upper surface of the corpus callosum, for the arachnoid stretches across from one cerebral hemisphere to the other immediately beneath the free border of the falx cerebri, and thus leaves a space in which the anterior cerebral arteries are contained. The 'leaf' or extension of the chiasmatic cistern above the chiasma, which is separated from the optic recess of the third ventricle by the thin lamina terminalis, has been called the suprachiasmatic cistern. As spaces filled with freely circulating cerebrospinal fluid, cisterns receive little direct study, but are mentioned in pathological conditions. Cysts and tumors of the lamina terminalis extend into the suprachiasmatic cistern, as can pituitary tumors, or the cistern can be partially or completely effaced by injury and hematoma or by blockage of the cerebral aqueduct. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Chiasmatic_cistern] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cisterna chiasmatica" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4003] synonym: "cisterna chiasmatica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Chiasmatic_cistern] synonym: "cisterna chiasmatis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4003] xref: EMAPA:19057 xref: EMAPA:19150 xref: EMAPA:25081 xref: FMA:74515 xref: ncithesaurus:Chiasmatic_Cistern xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4003 xref: SCTID:47947006 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0002899 name: hippocampal sulcus def: "The hippocampal sulcus, also known as the hippocampal fissure, is a sulcus that separates the dentate gyrus from the subiculum and the CA1 field in the hippocampus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Hippocampal_sulcus] comment: AO notes - two classes in ncit (in general ncit distinguishes between fissure and sulcus, whereas FMA treats these as exact synonyms) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dentate fissure" EXACT [FMA:83747] synonym: "hippocampal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83747] synonym: "sulcus hippocampalis, sulcus hippocampi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hippocampal_sulcus] synonym: "sulcus hippocampi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4004] xref: FMA:83747 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg/200px-Hippocampus_%28brain%29.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Hippocampal_Fissure xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4004 xref: SCTID:369101000 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002900 name: transverse occipital sulcus synonym: "sulcus occipitalis transversus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4013] xref: BTO:0003786 xref: FMA:83786 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4013 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002901 name: posterior calcarine sulcus synonym: "postcalcarine sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83787] synonym: "posterior calcarine fissure" EXACT [FMA:83787] synonym: "posterior part of calcarine sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83787] synonym: "sulcus calcarinus posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4015] xref: FMA:83787 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4015 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002902 name: occipital pole def: "The anterior end of the hemisphere is named the frontal pole. The posterior end is named the occipital pole. The anterior end of the temporal lobe, the temporal pole. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Occipital_pole] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "polus occipitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4016] synonym: "polus occipitalis cerebri" RELATED [BTO:0001868] xref: BTO:0001868 xref: FMA:74892 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4016 xref: SCTID:314160003 is_a: UBERON:0009899 ! pole of cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 intersection_of: UBERON:0009899 ! pole of cerebral hemisphere intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 {source="BTO"} ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002903 name: lunate sulcus synonym: "lunate fissure" EXACT [FMA:83788] synonym: "sulcus lunatus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4017] synonym: "sulcus simialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4017] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-LUS xref: FMA:83788 xref: ncithesaurus:Lunate_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4017 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002904 name: lateral occipital sulcus def: "In the occipital lobe, the lateral occipital sulcus extends from behind forward, and divides the lateral surface of the occipital lobe into a superior and an inferior gyrus, which are continuous in front with the parietal and temporal lobes. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_occipital_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sulcus occipitalis lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4018] xref: FMA:83785 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Gray727_lateral-occipital_sulcus.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Gray727_lateral-occipital_sulcus.svg/200px-Gray727_lateral-occipital_sulcus.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral-occipital_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4018 xref: SCTID:369219003 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002905 name: intralingual sulcus synonym: "sulcus intralingualis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4019] xref: FMA:83789 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4019 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002906 name: anterior occipital sulcus synonym: "ascending limb of the inferior temporal sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023] synonym: "posterior inferior temporal sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023] synonym: "sulci occipitales superiores" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023] synonym: "sulcus annectans" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023] synonym: "sulcus occipitalis anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023] xref: FMA:75758 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4023 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002907 name: superior postcentral sulcus synonym: "postcentral dimple" EXACT [FMA:83775] synonym: "sulcus postcentralis superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4025] xref: FMA:83775 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4025 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002908 name: subparietal sulcus synonym: "splenial sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83777] synonym: "sulcus subparietalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4026] synonym: "suprasplenial sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83777] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-SPS xref: FMA:83777 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4026 xref: SCTID:279352008 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002909 name: posterior subcentral sulcus synonym: "sulcus subcentralis posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4027] xref: FMA:83778 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4027 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002910 name: posterior ascending limb of lateral sulcus synonym: "ascending terminal ramus of sylvian fissure" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior ascending limb of lateral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83761] synonym: "posterior ramus of lateral cerebral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83761] synonym: "ramus posterior ascendens fissurae lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4028] synonym: "ramus posterior sulci lateralis cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83761, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:83761 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4028 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space [Term] id: UBERON:0002911 name: parietal operculum def: "The parietal operculum, forming the superior bank of the sylvian fissure, as studied in the cat, contains the secondary somatosensory representation, 'S-II', and a second somatotopic representation (parietal ventral, or PV). Anatomically, primate S-II receives inputs from area 3 and area 1, and projects to PV and area 7. PV has projections to area 5 and premotor areas. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Parietal_operculum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "operculum parietale" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4029] xref: FMA:74889 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Operculum.png/200px-Operculum.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4029 xref: SCTID:362353000 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002912 name: marginal sulcus def: "The marginal sulcus is the portion of the cingulate sulcus adjacent to the paracentral lobule and the precuneus. It is sometimes known as the 'marginal part of the cingulate sulcus'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Marginal_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "marginal branch of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83773] synonym: "marginal ramus of cingulate sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83773] synonym: "ramus marginalis sulci cingulati" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4030] synonym: "ramus marginalis sulci cinguli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83773, FMA:TA] synonym: "ramus marginalis; sulcus marginalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Marginal_sulcus] xref: FMA:83773 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Gray727_marginal_sulcus.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Gray727_marginal_sulcus.svg/200px-Gray727_marginal_sulcus.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4030 xref: SCTID:279351001 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002913 name: intraparietal sulcus def: "The intraparietal sulcus (IPS) is located on the lateral surface of the parietal lobe, and consists of an oblique and a horizontal portion. The IPS contains a series of functionally distinct subregions that have been intensively investigated using both single cell neurophysiology in primates and human functional neuroimaging. Its principal functions are related to perceptual-motor coordination (for directing eye movements and reaching) and visual attention. The IPS is also thought to play a role in other functions, including processing symbolic numerical information, visuospatial working memory and interpreting the intent of others. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intraparietal_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "interparietal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83772] synonym: "intraparietal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83772] synonym: "intraparietal sulcus of Turner" RELATED [BTO:0003787] synonym: "sulcus interparietalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4031] synonym: "sulcus intraparietalis" RELATED [BTO:0003787] synonym: "sulcus intraparietalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intraparietal_sulcus] synonym: "Turner sulcus" RELATED [BTO:0003787] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-IPS xref: BTO:0003787 xref: FMA:83772 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Gray726_intraparietal_sulcus.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Gray726_intraparietal_sulcus.svg/200px-Gray726_intraparietal_sulcus.svg.png xref: ncithesaurus:Intraparietal_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4031 xref: SCTID:279338006 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002914 name: inferior postcentral sulcus synonym: "sulcus postcentralis inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4032] xref: FMA:83776 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4032 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002915 name: postcentral sulcus def: "The postcentral sulcus of the parietal lobe lies parallel to, and behind, the central sulcus in the human brain. (A sulcus is one of the prominent grooves on the surface of the brain. ) The postcentral sulcus divides the postcentral gyrus from the remainder of the parietal lobe. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Postcentral_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "postcentral fissure of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:83774] synonym: "postcentral fissure-1" EXACT [FMA:83774] synonym: "structure of postcentral sulcus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4033] synonym: "sulcus postcentralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4033] synonym: "sulcus postcentralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Postcentral_sulcus] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PoCS xref: FMA:83774 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Postcentral_sulcus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Postcentral_sulcus.png/200px-Postcentral_sulcus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Postcentral_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4033 xref: SCTID:279339003 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002916 name: central sulcus def: "The central sulcus is a fold in the cerebral cortex of brains in vertebrates. Also called the central fissure, it was originally called the fissure of Rolando or the Rolandic fissure, after Luigi Rolando. The central sulcus is a prominent landmark of the brain, separating the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe and the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Central_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central cerebral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83752] synonym: "central fissure" EXACT [FMA:83752] synonym: "central sulcus of rolando" EXACT [] synonym: "fissure of rolando" EXACT [] synonym: "rolandic fissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4035] synonym: "sulcus centralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4035] synonym: "sulcus centralis (rolandi)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4035] synonym: "sulcus centralis cerebri" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4035] synonym: "sulcus centralis cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Central_sulcus] synonym: "sulcus of rolando" EXACT [] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-CS xref: FMA:83752 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Gray726_central_sulcus.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Central_sulcus.png/200px-Central_sulcus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Sulcus_of_Rolando xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4035 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvjMKxpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:279340001 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002917 name: regional part of inferior colliculus def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a inferior colliculus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of caudal colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of inferior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of posterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of caudal colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of inferior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of posterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of caudal colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of inferior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of posterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of caudal colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of inferior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of posterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caudal colliculus anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caudal colliculus biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caudal colliculus brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caudal colliculus brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caudal colliculus neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caudal colliculus regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caudal colliculus segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior colliculus anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior colliculus biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior colliculus brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior colliculus brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior colliculus neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior colliculus regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior colliculus segment" EXACT [FMA:77871] synonym: "inferior colliculus segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of caudal colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of inferior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of posterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior colliculus anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior colliculus biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior colliculus brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior colliculus brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior colliculus neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior colliculus regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior colliculus segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of caudal colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of inferior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of posterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of caudal colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of inferior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of posterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of inferior colliculus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4036] xref: FMA:77871 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4036 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0002918 name: medial parabrachial nucleus def: "The Medial parabrachial nucleus is a nucleus of the pons which constitutes part of the pneumotaxic center. It gets its name from its location relative to the superior cerebellar peduncles, which is also known as the 'brachia conjunctiva'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_parabrachial_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus parabrachialis medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_parabrachial_nucleus] xref: FMA:72480 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4038 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002919 name: anterior parolfactory sulcus synonym: "paraolfactory sulci" EXACT PLURAL [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4039] synonym: "paraolfactory sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83744] synonym: "sulcus parolfactorius anterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4039] xref: FMA:83744 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4039 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002920 name: callosal sulcus def: "The callosal sulcus is a sulcus in the brain between the cingulate gyrus and corpus callosum, below the longitudinal cerebral fissure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Callosal_sulcus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sulcus corporis callosi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4040] synonym: "sulcus corporis callosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Callosal_sulcus] synonym: "sulcus of corpus callosum" EXACT [FMA:83743] xref: FMA:83743 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Gray727_sulcus_of_the_corpus_callosum.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Gray727_sulcus_of_the_corpus_callosum.svg/200px-Gray727_sulcus_of_the_corpus_callosum.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4040 xref: SCTID:279349000 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002921 name: longitudinal fissure def: "The deep groove which separates the two hemispheres of the vertebrate brain. The falx cerebri, a dural brain covering, lies within the medial longitudinal fissure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_longitudinal_fissure] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fissura interhemispherica" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4041] synonym: "fissura longitudinalis cerebrales" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4041] synonym: "fissura longitudinalis cerebri" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4041] synonym: "fissura longitudinalis magna" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4041] synonym: "hemispheric sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83727] synonym: "interhemispheric fissure" EXACT [FMA:83727] synonym: "longitudinal cerebral fissure" EXACT [FMA:83727] synonym: "longitudinal fissure of hemisphere" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4041] synonym: "longitudinal fissure of the cerebrum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4041] synonym: "longitudinal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83727] synonym: "medial longitudinal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83727] synonym: "sagittal fissure" EXACT [FMA:83727] xref: FMA:83727 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Hemispheres.png/200px-Hemispheres.png xref: ncithesaurus:Longitudinal_Fissure xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4041 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwJlWu5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:369225004 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0000315 ! subarachnoid space [Term] id: UBERON:0002922 name: olfactory trigone def: "The olfactory trigone is a small triangular area in front of the anterior perforated substance. Its apex, directed forward, occupies the posterior part of the olfactory sulcus, and is brought into view by throwing back the olfactory tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_trigone] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "trigonum olfactorium" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4042] synonym: "trigonum olfactorium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Olfactory_trigone] xref: FMA:74883 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: ncithesaurus:Trigonum_Olfactorium xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4042 xref: SCTID:369102007 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0002923 name: posterior parolfactory sulcus xref: FMA:83745 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4043 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002924 name: terminal nerve def: "The terminal nerve, located anterior to cranial nerve I, is comprised of a group of cells with somata adjacent to the olfactory bulb and processes that extend anteriorly to the olfactory epithelium and posteriorly to the telencephalon. In teleost fish an additional group of axons extends along the optic tract and delivers putative neuromodulators to the retina. It is thought to develop from cranial neural crest." [PMID:15821344, Wikipedia:Terminal_nerve, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-041202-1] comment: PMID:2286018 state: 'The presence of an additional cranial nerve (the nervus terminalis or cranial nerve zero) is well documented in many non-human vertebrate species. However, its existence in the adult human has been disputed. The present study focused on the structure and incidence of this nerve in the adult human brain. The nerve was examined post-mortem in 10 adult brains using dissection microscopy, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. In all specimens, the nervus terminalis was identified bilaterally as a microscopic plexus of unmyelinated peripheral nerve fascicles in the subarachnoid space covering the gyrus rectus of the orbital surface of the frontal lobes. The plexus appeared in the region of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid and coursed posteriorly to the vicinity of the olfactory trigone, medial olfactory gyrus, and lamina terminalis. We conclude that the terminal nerve is a common finding in the adult human brain, confirming early light microscopic reports.' subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cranial nerve 0" EXACT [Wikipedia:Terminal_nerve] synonym: "cranial nerve zero" EXACT [Wikipedia:Terminal_nerve] synonym: "nervus terminalis" EXACT [ZFA:0001356] xref: EFO:0003678 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4044 xref: TAO:0001356 xref: ZFA:0001356 is_a: UBERON:0001785 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial nerve property_value: external_definition "The terminal nerve, located anterior to cranial nerve I, is comprised of a group of cells with somata adjacent to the olfactory bulb and processes that extend anteriorly to the olfactory epithelium and posteriorly to the telencephalon. In teleost fish an additional group of axons extends along the optic tract and delivers putative neuromodulators to the retina. It is thought to develop from cranial neural crest. Whitlock 2004. Also see Grens, Greenwood and Fernald, Brain Behav Evol 2005; 66(1):1-9.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001356", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002925 name: trigeminal nucleus comment: note massive inconsistencies between GO, MA, wikipedia. Part of pons in MA, but this leads to inconsistencies with ABA. See https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3291162&group_id=76834&atid=1205376 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini" RELATED [BTO:0001074] synonym: "nucleus mesencephalicus trigeminalis" RELATED [BTO:0001074] synonym: "nucleus of trigeminal nuclear complex" EXACT [FMA:71247] synonym: "nucleus tractus mesencephali nervi trigeminalis" RELATED [BTO:0001074] synonym: "trigeminal nuclear complex nucleus" EXACT [FMA:71247] synonym: "trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:71248] synonym: "trigeminal V nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001028] xref: BM:V xref: BTO:0001074 xref: EV:0100271 xref: FMA:71247 xref: GAID:604 xref: MA:0001028 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.931 xref: ncithesaurus:Trigeminal_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nifext_11 xref: SCTID:280164007 xref: VHOG:0001353 is_a: UBERON:0002308 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0007641 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007641 ! trigeminal nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0007641 ! trigeminal nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002926 name: gustatory epithelium comment: editor note - see also epithelium of tongue and subclasses xref: FMA:62412 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4099 is_a: UBERON:0003357 ! epithelium of tongue is_a: UBERON:0006934 {source="FMA"} ! sensory epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0002928 name: dentate gyrus polymorphic layer xref: MA:0002864 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4128 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus is_a: UBERON:0002304 ! layer of dentate gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002929 name: dentate gyrus pyramidal layer xref: MA:0000948 is_a: UBERON:0002304 ! layer of dentate gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0002930 name: tectopontine tract synonym: "fibrae tectopontinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72505, FMA:TA] synonym: "tectopontine fibers" EXACT [FMA:72505] synonym: "tectopontine fibres" EXACT [FMA:72505] xref: FMA:72505 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_701 xref: SCTID:3301002 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002931 name: dorsal septal nucleus xref: FMA:61877 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_704 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002932 name: trapezoid body def: "The trapezoid body is part of the acoustic pathway. It is a bundle of fibers and cells in the pontine tegmentum. It consists of fibers arising from the ventral cochlear nucleus. A collection of nerve cells inside forms a trapezoid nucleus. The superior olivary nucleus is situated on the dorsal surface of the trapezoid body. Most nerve fibers pass directly from the superior olivary nuclei to the inferior colliculus. Axons leaving the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) form a broad pathway that crosses under the brain stem in the trapezoid body. A thin pathway, the intermediate acoustic stria, also leaves the VCN, merging with the trapezoid body close to the superior olivary complex, where many of its axons synapse. Axons leaving the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) form the dorsal acoustic stria, which reaches primarily the contralateral dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus and the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Trapezoid_body] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "corpus trapezoideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trapezoid_body] xref: BM:TB xref: FMA:72487 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Gray760.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Gray760.png/200px-Gray760.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_707 xref: SCTID:369019006 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002933 name: nucleus of anterior commissure synonym: "anterior commissure nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61883] synonym: "bed nucleus of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61883] synonym: "nucleus of commissura anterior" EXACT [FMA:61883] xref: ABA:BAC xref: BM:Tel-ACN xref: FMA:61883 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_712 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002934 name: ventral oculomotor nucleus synonym: "ventral oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:72422] xref: FMA:72422 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_713 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002935 name: magnocellular part of ventral anterior nucleus synonym: "magnocellular division of ventral anterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62192] synonym: "magnocellular ventral anterior nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "nucleus lateropolaris (magnocellularis)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "nucleus lateropolaris magnocellularis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "nucleus rostralis lateralis situs perifascicularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "nucleus thalamicus ventral anterior, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] synonym: "pars magnocellularis nuclei ventralis anterior thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62192, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62192] synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, pars magnocellularis" EXACT [FMA:62192] synonym: "ventral anterior thalamic nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62192] synonym: "ventroanterior thalamic nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716] xref: BM:Die-Th-VA-VAmc xref: FMA:62192 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_716 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002637 {source="FMA"} ! ventral anterior nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002936 name: magnocellular part of red nucleus synonym: "paleoruber" EXACT [FMA:72431] synonym: "red nucleus, magnocellular part" EXACT [FMA:72431] xref: FMA:72431 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_720 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001947 ! red nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002937 name: parvicellular part of ventral anterior nucleus synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior (dewulf)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_722] synonym: "nucleus ventralis anterior, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_722] synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [FMA:62191] synonym: "ventral anterior thalamic nucleus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62191] synonym: "ventralis anterior (jones)" EXACT [] xref: FMA:62191 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_722 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002637 {source="FMA"} ! ventral anterior nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002938 name: parvocellular part of red nucleus synonym: "neoruber" EXACT [FMA:72430] synonym: "red nucleus, parvocellular part" EXACT [FMA:72430] xref: FMA:72430 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_725 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001947 ! red nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002939 name: ventral posteroinferior nucleus synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior inferior thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62199, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventral posterior inferior nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62199] synonym: "ventral posterior inferior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62199] synonym: "ventral posterior inferior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62199] xref: BM:Die-Th-VPI xref: BTO:0002464 xref: BTO:0004373 xref: BTO:0004374 xref: EV:0100209 xref: FMA:62199 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_728 xref: SCTID:369173003 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002940 name: anterior column of fornix synonym: "anterior crus of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61966] synonym: "anterior pillar of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61966] xref: FMA:61966 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_731 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002941 name: capsule of red nucleus synonym: "red nuclear capsule" EXACT [FMA:72450] xref: FMA:72450 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_732 xref: SCTID:369245007 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001947 ! red nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002942 name: ventral posterolateral nucleus def: "The ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) is a nucleus of the thalamus. Together with the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) it constitutes the ventral posterior nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_posterolateral_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterolateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterolateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterolateralis thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ventral_posterolateral_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus ventralis thalami posterior lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "posterolateral ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62200] synonym: "posterolateral ventral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62200] synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737] synonym: "ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62200] xref: ABA:VPL xref: FMA:62200 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_737 xref: SCTID:369171001 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002945 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002943 name: lingual gyrus def: "The lingual gyrus of the occipital lobe lies between the calcarine sulcus and the posterior part of the collateral sulcus; behind, it reaches the occipital pole; in front, it is continued on to the tentorial surface of the temporal lobe, and joins the hippocampal gyrus. The lingual gyrus is so-named because it resembles the tongue in shape. This region is believed to play an important role in dreaming and vision, especially in recognizing words, regardless of size, font, etc. Shunt [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lingual_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus lingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lingual_gyrus] synonym: "gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61904, FMA:TA] synonym: "lingula of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:61904] synonym: "medial occipitotemporal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61904] synonym: "medial occipitotemporal gyrus-2" EXACT [FMA:61904] xref: FMA:61904 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Gray727_lingual_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gray727_lingual_gyrus.png/200px-Gray727_lingual_gyrus.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_740 xref: SCTID:279203007 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002944 name: spinothalamic tract of medulla def: "Part of spinothalamic tract that is in the medulla" [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_741] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "spinothalamic tract" BROAD [FMA:72644, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_741] xref: FMA:72644 xref: GAID:703 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.854.761 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_741 xref: SCTID:360570003 is_a: UBERON:0007702 {source="FMA"} ! tract of brain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0007703 ! spinothalamic tract [Term] id: UBERON:0002945 name: ventral posteromedial nucleus def: "The ventral posteromedial nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_posteromedial_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "arcuate nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "arcuate nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "arcuate nucleus-3" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "nucleus arcuatus thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "nucleus semilunaris thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior medialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ventral_posteromedial_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus ventrocaudalis anterior internus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "posteromedial ventral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "posteromedial ventral nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "semilunar nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "thalamic gustatory nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "ventral posterior medial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "ventral posterior medial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62202] synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] synonym: "ventroposteromedial nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743] xref: ABA:VPM xref: BM:Die-Th-VPM xref: FMA:62202 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/ThalamicNuclei.png/200px-ThalamicNuclei.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_743 xref: SCTID:369172008 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002596 {source="FMA"} ! ventral posterior nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002942 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002946 name: regional part of cerebellum def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebellum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of cerebellum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of epencephalon-1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of cerebellum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of epencephalon-1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of cerebellum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of epencephalon-1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of cerebellum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of epencephalon-1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-1 anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-1 biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-1 brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-1 brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-1 neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-1 regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-1 segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of cerebellum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of epencephalon-1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of cerebellum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of epencephalon-1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of cerebellum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of epencephalon-1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_748] xref: FMA:256150 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_748 xref: SCTID:119242005 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0002947 name: frontal operculum xref: FMA:74886 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_751 xref: SCTID:362352005 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010262 ! operculum of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002948 name: superior occipital gyrus synonym: "gyrus occipitalis primus" EXACT [FMA:61901] xref: FMA:61901 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_758 xref: SCTID:279182006 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0002949 name: tectospinal tract def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the superior colliculus of the midbrain towards target cells in the ventral spinal cord[GO]." [Wikipedia:Tectospinal_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "held's bundle" EXACT [FMA:72620] synonym: "tectospinal pathway" EXACT [FMA:72620] synonym: "tractus tectospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tectospinal_tract] xref: BM:TSp xref: FMA:72620 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Gray670.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray670.png/200px-Gray670.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_759 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0002950 name: regional part of midbrain def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain segment" EXACT [FMA:61997] synonym: "midbrain segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of midbrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_763] xref: FMA:61997 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_763 xref: SCTID:119239004 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0002951 name: regional part of intermediate hypothalamic region def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a intermediate hypothalamic region [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of intermediate hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of intermediate hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of intermediate hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of intermediate hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of intermediate hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of intermediate hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of intermediate hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of intermediate hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic area anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic area biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic area brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic area brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic area neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic area regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic area segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic region anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic region biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic region brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic region brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic region neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic region regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic region segment" EXACT [FMA:62310] synonym: "intermediate hypothalamic region segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of intermediate hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of intermediate hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of intermediate hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of intermediate hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of intermediate hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of intermediate hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of intermediate hypothalamic region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_767] xref: FMA:62310 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_767 is_a: UBERON:0003048 ! regional part of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002555 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002555 ! intermediate hypothalamic region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002555 ! intermediate hypothalamic region [Term] id: UBERON:0002952 name: intermediate acoustic stria synonym: "commissure of held" EXACT [] synonym: "intermediate acoustic stria (held)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_768] synonym: "intermediate acoustic stria of held" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72497 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_768 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002953 name: lateral lemniscus alt_id: UBERON:0003042 def: "The lateral lemniscus is a tract of axons in the brainstem that carries information about sound from the cochlear nucleus to various brainstem nuclei and ultimately the contralateral inferior colliculus of the midbrain. Three distinct, primarily inhibitory, cellular groups are located interspersed within these fibers, and are thus named the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_lemniscus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral fillet" EXACT [FMA:72502] synonym: "lemniscus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_lemniscus] xref: BM:Pons-LL xref: FMA:72502 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Lateral_lemniscus.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lateral_lemniscus.PNG/200px-Lateral_lemniscus.PNG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_976 xref: SCTID:362399003 is_a: UBERON:0003001 ! lemniscus is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002954 name: dorsal hypothalamic area xref: BM:Die-Hy-HDA xref: FMA:62339 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_777 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0002955 name: rhomboidal nucleus synonym: "nucleus commissuralis rhomboidalis" RELATED [BTO:0002458] synonym: "nucleus rhomboidalis" RELATED [BTO:0002458] synonym: "rhomboid nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62154] synonym: "rhomboid thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62154] xref: ABA:RH xref: BTO:0002458 xref: FMA:62154 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_778 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003036 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002956 name: granular layer of cerebellar cortex def: "The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer." [GO:0021681] synonym: "cerebellar granular layer" EXACT [GO:0021681] synonym: "cerebellar granule cell layer" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellar granule layer" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum granule cell layer" EXACT [MA:0000993] synonym: "cerebellum granule layer" EXACT [] synonym: "granule cell layer of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_779] xref: ABA:CBXgr xref: BTO:0004425 xref: FMA:83140 xref: MA:0000993 xref: ncithesaurus:Granular_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_779 is_a: UBERON:0004130 ! cerebellar layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002979 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002957 name: caudal central oculomotor nucleus synonym: "caudal central nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72426] synonym: "caudal central nucleus of oculomotor nerve" EXACT [FMA:72426] xref: FMA:72426 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_780 xref: SCTID:369239004 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002958 name: medial lemniscus of pons def: "A medial lemniscus that is part of a pons [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medial lemniscus of pons of varolius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pons of varolius medial lemniscus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72503 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_781 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 intersection_of: UBERON:0003002 ! medial lemniscus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0002959 name: subfascicular nucleus xref: FMA:62155 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_783 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0002960 name: central oculomotor nucleus synonym: "central nucleus of perlia" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of perlia" EXACT [] synonym: "spitzka's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72425] xref: FMA:72425 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_786 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002961 name: archicortex def: "A portion of the cerebral cortex that, with the paleocortex, develops in association with the olfactory system, and which is phylogenetically older than the neocortex and lacks its layered structure. The embryonic archicortex corresponds to the cortex of the dentate gyrus and hippocampus in mature mammals. Being part of the limbic system, it has functions related to emotions and formation of memory. Signals being sent from the limbic lobe to the hippocampal formations can go via the archicortex as an intermediate." [Wikipedia:Archicortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "archipallium" EXACT [FMA:62424] xref: EHDAA2:0004496 xref: FMA:62424 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_787 xref: SCTID:423918008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002962 name: adductor pollicis muscle def: "In human anatomy, the adductor pollicis muscle is a muscle in the manus that functions to adduct the thumb. It has two heads: transverse and oblique. It is a fleshy, flat, triangular, and fan-shaped muscle deep in the thenar compartment beneath the long flexor tendons and the lumbrical muscles at the center of the palm. It overlies the metacarpal bones and the interosseous muscles[WP]." [Wikipedia:Adductor_pollicis_muscle] synonym: "adductor pollicis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Adductor_pollicis_muscle] synonym: "musculus adductor pollicis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Adductor_pollicis_muscle] xref: FMA:37380 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Musculusadductorpollicis.png xref: SCTID:181649004 is_a: UBERON:0001500 ! muscle of manus is_a: UBERON:0011145 ! adductor muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001527 {source="dbpedia"} ! abductor pollicis longus relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0008465 {source="dbpedia"} ! abductor pollicis brevis muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004445 {source="dbpedia", notes="medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb and the ulnar sesamoid"} ! proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0007993 {source="dbpedia", notes="medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb and the ulnar sesamoid"} ! ulnar sesamoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0002963 name: caudal pontine reticular nucleus def: "The caudal pontine reticular nucleus is composed of gigantocellular neurons. In rabbits and cats it is exclusively giant cells, however in humans there are normally sized cells as well. The pontis caudalis is rostral to the gigantocellular nucleus and is located in the caudal pons, as the name would indicate. The pontis caudalis has been known to mediate head movement, in concert with the nucleus gigantocellularis and the superior colliculus. The neurons in the dorsal half of this nuclei fire rhythmically during mastication, and in an anesthetized animal it is possible to induce mastication via electrical stimulation of the PC or adjacent areas of the gigantocellular nucleus. The pontis caudalis is also thought to play a role in the grinding of teeth during sleep. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Caudal_pontine_reticular_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Caudal_pontine_reticular_nucleus] synonym: "pontine reticular nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:72469] xref: ABA:PRNc xref: FMA:72469 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_792 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007413 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of pontine reticular formation property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002964 name: dorsal oculomotor nucleus synonym: "dorsal oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:62442] xref: FMA:62442 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_793 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002965 name: rostral intralaminar nuclei synonym: "nuclei intralaminares rostrales" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_794] synonym: "rostral intralaminar nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:62164] synonym: "rostral intralaminar nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62164] xref: FMA:62164 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_794 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002966 name: regional part of midbrain tectum def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a midbrain tectum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of midbrain tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of neuraxis tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of midbrain tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of neuraxis tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of midbrain tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of neuraxis tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of midbrain tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of neuraxis tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain tectum anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain tectum biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain tectum brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain tectum brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain tectum neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain tectum regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain tectum segment" EXACT [FMA:62398] synonym: "midbrain tectum segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of midbrain tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of neuraxis tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis tectum anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis tectum biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis tectum brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis tectum brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis tectum neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis tectum regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis tectum segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of midbrain tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of neuraxis tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of midbrain tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of neuraxis tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of tectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of midbrain tectum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_795] synonym: "tectum anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tectum biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tectum brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tectum brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tectum neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tectum regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tectum segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:62398 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_795 is_a: UBERON:0002950 ! regional part of midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0002967 name: cingulate gyrus def: "A gyrus in the medial part of the brain. It partially wraps around the corpus callosum and is limited above by the cingulate sulcus. The cortical part of the cingulate gyrus is referred to as cingulate cortex.[Wikipedia]. The cingulate gyrus receives inputs from the anterior nucleus of the thalamus and the neocortex, as well as from somatosensory areas of the cerebral cortex. It projects to the entorhinal cortex via the cingulum. It functions as an integral part of the limbic system, which is involved with emotion formation and processing, learning, and memory. Also, executive control needed to suppress inappropriate unconscious priming is known to involve the anterior cingulate gyrus. It is also involved in respiratory control." [Wikipedia:Cingulate_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cingulate area" EXACT [FMA:62434] synonym: "cingulate region" EXACT [FMA:62434] synonym: "falciform lobe" EXACT [FMA:62434] synonym: "upper limbic gyrus" EXACT [FMA:62434] xref: BM:Tel-CG xref: BTO:0003976 xref: FMA:62434 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png/200px-Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cingulate_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_798 xref: SCTID:279208003 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system [Term] id: UBERON:0002968 name: central gray substance of pons synonym: "central gray of pons" EXACT [FMA:72470] synonym: "pontine central gray" EXACT [FMA:72470] xref: ABA:PCG xref: FMA:72470 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_799 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002969 name: inferior temporal sulcus synonym: "inferior temporal sulcus-1" EXACT [FMA:83784] synonym: "middle temporal sulcus (szikla)" EXACT [] synonym: "second temporal sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83784] synonym: "sulcus t2" EXACT [FMA:83784] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-ITS xref: FMA:83784 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Temporal_Sulcus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_800 xref: SCTID:279346007 is_a: UBERON:0000093 ! sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0002970 name: intermediate oculomotor nucleus synonym: "intermediate oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:72420] xref: FMA:72420 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_803 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002971 name: periolivary nucleus synonym: "dorsal periolivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72475] synonym: "nuclei periolivares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72475, FMA:TA] synonym: "peri-olivary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72475] xref: FMA:72475 xref: MA:0002757 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_804 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002972 name: centromedian nucleus def: "In the anatomy of the brain, the centromedian nucleus, also known as the centrum medianum, (CM or Cm-Pf) is a part of the intralaminar nucleus (ILN) of the thalamus. There are two centromedian nuclei arranged bilaterally. It contains about 2000 neurons per cubic millimetre and has a volume of about 310 cubic millimetres with 664,000 neurons in total. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Centromedian_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central magnocellular nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62165] synonym: "central nucleus-1" EXACT [FMA:62165] synonym: "centre median nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62165] synonym: "centromedian nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62165] synonym: "centromedian thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62165] synonym: "centrum medianum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "centrum medianum thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "noyau centre median of luys" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus centralis centralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "nucleus centralis thalami (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "nucleus centri mediani thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "nucleus centromedianus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "nucleus centromedianus thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] synonym: "nucleus centromedianus thalami" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Centromedian_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus centrum medianum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805] xref: EV:0100215 xref: FMA:62165 xref: ncithesaurus:Centromedian_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_805 xref: SCTID:279162007 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002733 {source="FMA"} ! intralaminar nuclear group [Term] id: UBERON:0002973 name: parahippocampal gyrus def: "a grey matter cortical region of the brain that surrounds the hippocampus. This region plays an important role in memory encoding and retrieval. The anterior part of the gyrus includes the perirhinal and entorhinal cortices. The term parahippocampal cortex is used to refer to an area that encompasses both the posterior portion of the parahippocampal gyrus and the medial portion of the fusiform gyrus.[Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Parahippocampal_gyrus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus parahippocampalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Parahippocampal_gyrus] synonym: "hippocampal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61918] xref: BTO:0004380 xref: EV:0100181 xref: FMA:61918 xref: GAID:634 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.710 xref: ncithesaurus:Parahippocampal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_807 xref: SCTID:279205000 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001954 {source="Wikipedia"} ! Ammon's horn [Term] id: UBERON:0002974 name: molecular layer of cerebellar cortex def: "The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells" [GO:0021679] comment: Taxon notes: Compare with ZFA:0000636 - cerebellar crest, which is also composed of parallel fibers but located in a more restricted nucleus within the cerebellum synonym: "cerebellar molecular layer" EXACT [GO:0021679] synonym: "cerebellum molecular cell layer" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum molecular layer" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83897 xref: MA:0000996 xref: ncithesaurus:Molecular_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_810 xref: SCTID:369045002 is_a: UBERON:0004130 ! cerebellar layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002975 name: medial oculomotor nucleus synonym: "medial oculomotor cell column" EXACT [FMA:72421] xref: FMA:72421 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_813 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002976 name: preolivary nucleus synonym: "preolivary nuclei" EXACT [FMA:72474] xref: FMA:72474 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_814 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007247 ! superior olivary nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002977 name: triangular septal nucleus synonym: "nucleus triangularis septi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61880, FMA:TA] synonym: "triangular nucleus of septum" EXACT [FMA:61880] synonym: "triangular nucleus septum (cajal)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_816] xref: ABA:TRS xref: BM:Tel-Spt-STN xref: FMA:61880 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_816 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007629 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002978 name: oral part of ventral lateral nucleus synonym: "nucleus lateralis oralis situs principalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817] synonym: "nucleus ventralis lateralis, pars oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817] synonym: "nucleus ventrooralis externus, anterior part (van buren)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817] synonym: "subnucleus rostralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817] synonym: "ventral anterior nucleus, pars densicellularis" EXACT [FMA:62193] synonym: "ventral lateral anterior nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62193] synonym: "ventral lateral nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62193] synonym: "ventral lateral thalamic nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62193] xref: FMA:62193 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_817 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001925 ! ventral lateral nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0002979 name: Purkinje cell layer of cerebellar cortex def: "The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells." [GO:0021680] synonym: "cerebellar Purkinje cell layer" EXACT [FMA:83896, GO:0021694] synonym: "cerebellum Purkinje cell layer" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebellum Purkinje layer" EXACT [] synonym: "Purkinje cell layer" EXACT [FMA:83896] xref: ABA:CBXpu xref: BTO:0004909 xref: FMA:83896 xref: MA:0000997 xref: ncithesaurus:Purkinje_Cell_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_818 xref: SCTID:369046001 is_a: UBERON:0004130 ! cerebellar layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002956 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002980 name: opercular part of inferior frontal gyrus synonym: "opercular portion of inferior frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61981] synonym: "pars opercularis gyri frontalis inferioris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_823] synonym: "posterior part of inferior frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61981] xref: FMA:61981 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_823 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0002981 name: pulvinar nucleus def: "The pulvinar is the caudal-most nucleus of the thalamus. The pulvinar is usually grouped as one of the lateral thalamic nuclei. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pulvinar_nuclei] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nuclei pulvinares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62178, FMA:TA] synonym: "pulvinar" EXACT [FMA:62178] synonym: "pulvinar nuclei" EXACT [FMA:62178] synonym: "pulvinar thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_824] xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl xref: BTO:0004352 xref: EV:0100213 xref: FMA:62178 xref: GAID:662 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray719.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gray719.png/200px-Gray719.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.385.826.701.485.600 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_824 xref: SCTID:279157006 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002982 name: inferior pulvinar nucleus synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris inferior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830] synonym: "nucleus pulvinaris thalami, pars inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830] xref: BM:Die-Th-Pl-Pli xref: FMA:62183 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_830 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002983 name: lateral posterior nucleus synonym: "lateral posterior nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62177] synonym: "lateral posterior nucleus of the thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "lateral posterior thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62177] synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus, caudal part" EXACT [FMA:62177] synonym: "nucleus dorso-caudalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "nucleus dorsocaudalis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "nucleus lateralis posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "nucleus lateralis posterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "nucleus lateralis thalami posterior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835] synonym: "posterior lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62177] xref: ABA:LP xref: BM:Die-Th-LP xref: BTO:0004351 xref: EV:0100212 xref: FMA:62177 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Posterior_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_835 xref: SCTID:279155003 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002709 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003033 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002984 name: lateral dorsal nucleus synonym: "lateral dorsal nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62176] synonym: "lateral dorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62176] synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "laterodorsal nucleus, superficial part" EXACT [FMA:62176] synonym: "laterodorsal thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62176] synonym: "nucleus dorsalis lateralis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62176, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus dorsalis superficialis (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "nucleus dorsolateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "nucleus lateralis dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "nucleus lateralis dorsalis of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "nucleus lateralis dorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] synonym: "nucleus lateralis thalami dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838] xref: ABA:LD xref: BM:Die-Th-LD xref: BTO:0004349 xref: BTO:0004350 xref: EV:0100211 xref: FMA:62176 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_838 xref: SCTID:279154004 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002679 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002681 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002685 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002985 name: ventral nucleus of medial geniculate body synonym: "medial geniculate complex, ventral part" EXACT [FMA:62217] synonym: "medial geniculate nucleus, ventral part" EXACT [FMA:62217] synonym: "medial nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845] synonym: "nucleus corporis geniculati medialis, pars ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis fasciculosus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845] synonym: "nucleus geniculatus medialis pars ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845] synonym: "nucleus ventralis corporis geniculati medialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62217, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventral nucleus of medial geniculate complex" EXACT [FMA:62217] synonym: "ventral principal nucleus of medial geniculate body" EXACT [FMA:62217] xref: ABA:MGv xref: BM:Die-Th-MG-MGv xref: BTO:0002671 xref: FMA:62217 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_845 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001927 ! medial geniculate body property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002758 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002759 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002986 name: neurofilament def: "." [Wikipedia:Neurofilament] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "neuronal intermediate filament" EXACT [FMA:63859] xref: FMA:63859 xref: GO:0005883 xref: ncithesaurus:Neurofilament xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_846 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao1316272517 is_a: UBERON:0003000 ! intermediate filament [Term] id: UBERON:0002987 name: anterior spinocerebellar tract def: "The ventral spinocerebellar tract conveys proprioceptive information from the body to the cerebellum. It is part of the somatosensory system and runs in parallel with the dorsal spinocerebellar tract. Both these tracts involve two neurons and end up on the same side of the body. The ventral tract (under L2/L3) gets its proprioceptive/fine touch/vibration information from a first order neuron, with its cell body in a dorsal ganglion. The axon runs via the fila radicularia to the dorsal horn of the grey matter. There it makes a synapse with the dendrites of two neurons: they send their axons bilaterally to the ventral border of the lateral funiculi. The ventral spinocerebellar tract then enters the cerebellum via the superior cerebellar peduncle. This is in contrast with the dorsal spinocerebellar tract (C8 - L2/L3), which only has 1 unilateral axon that has its cell body in the Clarke's nuclei (only at the level of C8 - L2/L3). The fibers of the ventral spinocerebellar tract then eventually enter the cerebellum via the superior cerebellar peduncle. This is one of the few afferent tracts through the superior cerebellar peduncle. Originates from ventral horn at lumbosacral spinal levels. Axons first cross midline in the spinal cord and run in the ventral border of the lateral funiculi. These axons ascend up to the pons where they join the superior cerebellar peduncle to enter the cerebellum. Once in the deep white matter of the cerebellum, the axons recross the midline, give off collaterals to the globose and emboliform nuclei, and terminate in the cortex of the anterior lobe and vermis of the posterior lobe. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ventral_spinocerebellar_tract] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gower's tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_848] synonym: "gowers' tract" EXACT [FMA:72642] synonym: "ventral spinocerebellar tract" EXACT [FMA:72642] xref: FMA:72642 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg/200px-Medulla_spinalis_-_tracts_-_English.svg.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_848 xref: SCTID:369285001 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0005413 ! spinocerebellar tract [Term] id: UBERON:0002988 name: first dorsal interosseous of manus synonym: "abductor indicis" EXACT [FMA:37424] synonym: "first dorsal interosseous of hand" EXACT [FMA:37424] xref: FMA:37424 xref: SCTID:245003002 is_a: UBERON:0001503 {source="FMA"} ! dorsal interosseous of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0002989 name: anconeus muscle def: "small muscle on the posterior aspect of the elbow joint." [Wikipedia:Anconeus_muscle] comment: Some consider anconeus to be a continuation of the triceps brachii muscle. Some sources consider it to be part of the posterior compartment of the arm, while others consider it part of the posterior compartment of the forearm. synonym: "anconeus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anconeus_muscle] synonym: "m. anconeus" EXACT [AAO:0010714] synonym: "musculus anconeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anconeus_muscle] xref: AAO:0010714 xref: FMA:37704 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray1232.png xref: SCTID:244993003 is_a: UBERON:0004255 {source="FMA"} ! forelimb stylopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006810 {source="dbpedia", notes="lateral surface of the olecranon process and the superior part of the posterior ulna distally"} ! olecranon relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001492 {source="dbpedia"} ! radial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006807 {source="dbpedia", notes="lateral epicondyle of the humerus proximally"} ! ectepicondyle of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0002990 name: mammillothalamic tract of hypothalamus xref: FMA:62059 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_855 xref: SCTID:369139008 is_a: UBERON:0003931 ! diencephalic white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="FMA"} ! posterior hypothalamic region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0002991 name: supramammillary commissure synonym: "commissure of forel" EXACT [] synonym: "commissure y" EXACT [FMA:62056] synonym: "postmammillary decussation" EXACT [FMA:62056] synonym: "supramammillary decussation" EXACT [FMA:62056] xref: FMA:62056 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_859 xref: SCTID:369148003 is_a: UBERON:0011590 {source="FMA"} ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="FMA"} ! posterior hypothalamic region [Term] id: UBERON:0002992 name: paratenial nucleus def: "One of the median nuclei of the thalamus, situated ventral and medial to the stria medullaris." [BTO:0002457] synonym: "nucleus parataenialis" EXACT [BTO:0002457] synonym: "nucleus parataenialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62151, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus parataenialis thalami" RELATED [BTO:0002457] synonym: "parataenial nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62151] synonym: "paratenial nucleus of thalamus" RELATED [BTO:0002457] synonym: "paratenial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62151] xref: ABA:PT xref: BTO:0002457 xref: FMA:62151 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_860 xref: SCTID:422800004 is_a: UBERON:0007692 ! nucleus of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002705 {source="FMA", source="NIF", source="ABA"} ! midline nuclear group property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001920 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002993 name: inferior central nucleus comment: todo - compare with UBERON:0002881 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "inferior central nucleus (of roller)" EXACT [FMA:72466] synonym: "inferior central nucleus of raphe" EXACT [FMA:72466] synonym: "inferior central tegmental nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72466] xref: FMA:72466 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_861 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007413 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of pontine reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002573 {source="FMA"} ! pontine reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0002994 name: nucleus of pretectal area synonym: "pretectal area nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72401] xref: FMA:72401 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_864 is_a: UBERON:0003047 ! regional part of pretectal region is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region [Term] id: UBERON:0002995 name: substantia nigra pars lateralis def: "Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of loosely packed cells, generally located ventral and lateral to the pars compacta. Many cells in this region use GABA as a neurotransmitter (MM)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_866] comment: disjointness violation - relationship: part_of UBERON:0001966 {source="NIF"} synonym: "lateral part of substantia nigra" EXACT [FMA:76844] synonym: "pars lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_866] synonym: "Substantia nigra, lateral part" EXACT [ABA:SNI] xref: ABA:SNI xref: FMA:76844 xref: MA:0001065 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_866 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0002950 ! regional part of midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002038 {source="MA"} ! substantia nigra property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003040 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002996 name: nucleus of optic tract synonym: "large-celled nucleus of optic tract" EXACT [FMA:72403] synonym: "lentiform nucleus of pretectal area" EXACT [FMA:72403] synonym: "nucleus of the optic tract" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_868] synonym: "optic tract nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72403] xref: ABA:NOT xref: FMA:72403 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_868 is_a: UBERON:0003047 ! regional part of pretectal region is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002565 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002711 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006848 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0002997 name: nucleus of medial eminence synonym: "medial eminence nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72467] synonym: "nucleus of eminentia teres" EXACT [FMA:72467] xref: FMA:72467 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_870 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0002998 name: inferior frontal gyrus def: "The inferior frontal gyrus is a gyrus of the frontal lobe of the human brain. Its superior border is the inferior frontal sulcus, its inferior border the lateral fissure, and its posterior border is the inferior precentral sulcus. Above it is the middle frontal gyrus, behind it the precentral gyrus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inferior_frontal_gyrus] comment: ncit has two classes, but these are exact synonyms in FMA subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus frontalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_frontal_gyrus] synonym: "inferior frontal convolution" EXACT [FMA:61860] xref: BTO:0004835 xref: FMA:61860 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Inferior_frontal_gyrus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Frontal_Convolution xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Frontal_Gyrus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_873 xref: SCTID:362333004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0002999 name: oral pontine reticular nucleus def: "The oral pontine reticular nucleus is delineated from its caudal brother, with which it shares its first three names. This nucleus tapers into the lower mesencephalic reticular formation and contains sporadic giant cells. Different populations of the pontis oralis have displayed discharge patterns which coordinate with phasic movements to and from paradoxical sleep. From this information it has been implied that the n.r. pontis oralis is involved in the mediation of changing to and from REM sleep. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Oral_pontine_reticular_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nucleus reticularis pontis oralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oral_pontine_reticular_nucleus] synonym: "pontine reticular nucleus, rostral part" EXACT [FMA:72468] xref: ABA:PRNv xref: FMA:72468 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_875 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007413 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of pontine reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0003000 name: intermediate filament def: "." [Wikipedia:Intermediate_filament] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:63851 xref: GAID:1079 xref: GO:0005882 xref: MESH:A.11.284.195.190.750.410 xref: ncithesaurus:Intermediate_Filament xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_879 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao952483289 is_a: UBERON:0000470 ! cell part [Term] id: UBERON:0003001 name: lemniscus def: "A bundle or band of sensory nerve fibers. ribbon, from Greek lemniskos." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_881, Wikipedia:Lemniscus_(anatomy)] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:76742 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_881 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003002 name: medial lemniscus def: "The medial lemniscus, also known as Reil's band or Reil's ribbon, is a pathway in the brainstem that carries sensory information from the gracile and cuneate nuclei to the thalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Medial_lemniscus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lemniscus medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_lemniscus] xref: BM:LM xref: FMA:83675 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gray759.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Gray759.png/200px-Gray759.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_887 xref: SCTID:362398006 is_a: UBERON:0003001 ! lemniscus is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003003 name: microfilament def: "." [Wikipedia:Microfilament] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "actin filament" EXACT [FMA:63850] synonym: "microfilament" EXACT [FMA:63850] synonym: "microfilamentum" EXACT [FMA:63850] xref: FMA:63850 xref: GAID:1080 xref: GO:0005884 xref: MESH:A.11.284.195.190.750.510 xref: ncithesaurus:Actin_Filament xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_888 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao2006047981 is_a: UBERON:0000470 ! cell part [Term] id: UBERON:0003004 name: median raphe nucleus def: "The median raphe nucleus (or superior central nucleus) is composed of polygonal, fusiform and pyriform neurons and exists rostral to the nucleus raphe pontis. One trait of the MRN is its inhibition by lysergic acid diethylamide and psilocin, two serotonin antagonist hallucinogens. The inactivation of the nucleus centralis superior via LSD produces a dose dependent inactivation in the MRN, but not in the raphe pallidus[WP,unvetted]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3248146&group_id=36855, Wikipedia:Median_raphe_nucleus] comment: TODO: The term medial raphe nucleus refers to a composite structure that consists of the superior central nucleus and the inferior central nucleus of the pontine reticular formation ( Carpenter-1983 )[http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=h&ID=1391] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cell group b8" EXACT [] synonym: "medial raphe nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "median nucleus of the raphe" EXACT [FMA:72465] synonym: "MRN" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus raphes medianus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72465, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus raphes medianus, nucleus centralis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_raphe_nucleus] synonym: "superior central nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72465] synonym: "superior central nucleus raphe" EXACT [FMA:72465] synonym: "superior central tegmental nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72465] xref: ABA:CS xref: BM:MR xref: FMA:72465 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_889 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007415 ! nucleus of midbrain reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002639 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midbrain reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 {source="Wikipedia"} ! raphe nuclei property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002047 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002148 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002267 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002587 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003005 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72453 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_893 is_a: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0003006 name: dorsal nucleus of lateral lemniscus synonym: "dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72483] synonym: "nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, dorsal part" EXACT [ABA:NLLd] synonym: "nucleus posterior lemnisci lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72483, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior nucleus of lateral lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72483] xref: ABA:NLLd xref: BM:LLD xref: FMA:72483 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_894 is_a: UBERON:0006840 ! nucleus of lateral lemniscus [Term] id: UBERON:0003007 name: lateral parabrachial nucleus def: "The lateral parabrachial nucleus induces thirst by stimulating the median preoptic nucleus. It gets its name from its location relative to the superior cerebellar peduncles, which is also known as the 'brachia conjunctiva'. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_parabrachial_nucleus] subset: uberon_slim xref: FMA:72481 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_897 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003008 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of hypothalamus def: "A dorsal longitudinal fasciculus that is part of a hypothalamus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bundle of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region bundle of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region dorsal longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:62063 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_898 is_a: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus is_a: UBERON:0003931 ! diencephalic white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 intersection_of: UBERON:0003045 ! dorsal longitudinal fasciculus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area [Term] id: UBERON:0003009 name: dorsal tegmental decussation synonym: "decussatio tegmentalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72451, FMA:TA] synonym: "dorsal fountain decussation" EXACT [FMA:72451] synonym: "fountain decussation of Meynert" EXACT [] synonym: "Meynert's decussation" EXACT [FMA:72451] synonym: "posterior tegmental decussation" EXACT [FMA:72451] xref: FMA:72451 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_901 xref: SCTID:369248009 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0003010 name: lateral pes lemniscus synonym: "deep pes lemniscus" EXACT [FMA:72459] synonym: "lateral pontine bundle" EXACT [FMA:72459] synonym: "laterale haubenfussschleife" EXACT [] synonym: "laterale pontine buendel" EXACT [] xref: FMA:72459 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_902 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0003011 name: facial motor nucleus def: "The facial motor nucleus is a collection of neurons in the brainstem that belong to the facial nerve. These lower motor neurons innervate the muscles of facial expression and the stapedius. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Facial_motor_nucleus] comment: see comments for facial nucleus. also check ZFA/pons subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "branchiomotor nucleus of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54582] synonym: "facial motor nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54582] synonym: "facial nerve motor nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000206] synonym: "facial nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Facial_nucleus] synonym: "motor nucleus of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54582] synonym: "motor nucleus of VII" EXACT [FMA:54582] synonym: "motor nucleus VII" EXACT [ZFA:0000206] synonym: "n. nervi facialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_motor_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus motorius nervi facialis" EXACT [ZFA:0000206] synonym: "nVII" EXACT [ZFA:0000206] xref: ABA:VII xref: FMA:54582 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Gray788.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Gray788.png/200px-Gray788.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_903 xref: TAO:0000206 xref: ZFA:0000206 is_a: UBERON:0000127 ! facial nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007632 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003012 name: flocculonodular lobe def: "The flocculonodular lobe is a lobe of the cerebellum consisting of the nodule and the flocculus. It is closely associated with the vestibulocerebellum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Flocculonodular_lobe] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebellum flocculonodular lobe" EXACT [MA:0002965] synonym: "flocculonodular lobe" EXACT [FMA:72253] synonym: "flocculonodular lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72253] synonym: "lobus flocculonodularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72253, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior lobe-2 of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72253] xref: EV:0100297 xref: FMA:72253 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png/200px-CerebellumDiv.png xref: MA:0002965 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_904 xref: SCTID:279361008 is_a: UBERON:0005293 ! cerebellum lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0003013 name: alar central lobule def: "The lobulus centralis is a small square lobule, situated in the anterior cerebellar notch. It overlaps the lingula, from which it is separated by the precentral fissure; laterally, it extends along the upper and anterior part of each hemisphere, where it forms a wing-like prolongation, the alar central lobule. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Alar_central_lobule] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ala lobuli centralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alar_central_lobule] synonym: "alae of central lobule" EXACT [FMA:72517] synonym: "lobules II, III of vermis" EXACT [FMA:72517] xref: FMA:72517 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray702.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_907 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0003015 name: anterior quadrangular lobule synonym: "anterior crescentic lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72516] synonym: "anterior quadrangular lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72516] synonym: "anterior quadrangular lobule of cerebellum [H IV et V]" EXACT [FMA:72516] synonym: "anterior semilunar lobule" EXACT [FMA:72516] synonym: "lobulus quadrangularis anterior cerebelli [h iv et v]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72516, FMA:TA] synonym: "semilunar lobule-1 (anterior)" EXACT [FMA:72516] xref: FMA:72516 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_913 xref: SCTID:369041006 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0003016 name: postcommissural fornix xref: FMA:62062 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_914 is_a: UBERON:0000052 ! fornix of brain is_a: UBERON:0003931 ! diencephalic white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002430 ! lateral hypothalamic area [Term] id: UBERON:0003017 name: substantia innominata def: "The substantia innominata (literally 'unnamed substance') of Meynert is a stratum consisting partly of gray and partly of white substance, which lies below the anterior part of the thalamus and lentiform nucleus. The gross anatomical structure is called anterior perforated substance because to the naked eye looks perforated by many holes. Holes are due to many blood vessels that pass through this area. It is part of the basal forebrain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Substantia_innominata] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "innominate substance" EXACT [FMA:61885] synonym: "nucleus of substantia innominata" EXACT [FMA:61885] synonym: "substantia innominata of Reichert" RELATED [BTO:0002447] synonym: "substantia innominata of Reil" RELATED [BTO:0002447] xref: ABA:SI xref: BM:Tel-SI xref: BTO:0002447 xref: FMA:61885 xref: GAID:638 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG/200px-Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.577.820 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_915 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 ! basal nucleus of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002743 {source="WP"} ! basal forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002778 {source="ABA"} ! ventral pallidum property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007627 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003018 name: parvicellular part of ventral posteromedial nucleus synonym: "gustatory nucleus (thalamus)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917] synonym: "gustatory thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62207] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior medialis thalami, pars parvicellularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917] synonym: "pars parvicellularis nuclei ventralis posteromedialis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62207, FMA:TA] synonym: "parvicellular part of ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62207] synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus of thalamus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62207] synonym: "ventral posteromedial nucleus, parvocellular part" EXACT [FMA:62207] synonym: "ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus, parvicellular part" EXACT [FMA:62207] synonym: "ventroposteromedial nucleus of the thalamus, parvicellular part" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917] xref: ABA:VPMpc xref: FMA:62207 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_917 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0003019 name: oral part of ventral posterolateral nucleus synonym: "nucleus lateralis intermedius lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus posteroventralis oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius (dewulf)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius (walker)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus ventralis intermedius thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus ventralis posterior lateralis, pars oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "nucleus ventrointermedius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918] synonym: "ventral part of ventral lateral posterior nucleus (jones)" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral posterolateral nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62205] synonym: "ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus, oral part" EXACT [FMA:62205] xref: FMA:62205 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_918 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0003020 name: subcallosal area def: "The subcallosal area (parolfactory area of Broca, area parolfactoria) is a small triangular field on the medial surface of the hemisphere in front of the subcallosal gyrus, from which it is separated by the posterior parolfactory sulcus; it is continuous below with the olfactory trigone, and above and in front with the cingulate gyrus; it is limited anteriorly by the anterior parolfactory sulcus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Subcallosal_area] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "adolfactory area" EXACT [FMA:61890] synonym: "area paraolfactoria" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61890, FMA:TA] synonym: "area subcallosa, area parolfactoria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subcallosal_area] synonym: "paraolfactory area" EXACT [FMA:61890] synonym: "parolfactory area" EXACT [FMA:61890] xref: FMA:61890 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_919 xref: SCTID:362357004 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis disjoint_from: UBERON:0010010 ! basal nucleus of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0003021 name: central lobule def: "The central lobule is a small square lobule, situated in the anterior cerebellar notch. It overlaps the lingula, from which it is separated by the precentral fissure; laterally, it extends along the upper and anterior part of each hemisphere, where it forms a wing-like prolongation, the ala lobuli centralis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Central_lobule] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72519] synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum [II and III]" EXACT [FMA:72519] synonym: "lobulus centralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Central_lobule] synonym: "lobulus centralis cerebelli [ii et iii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72519, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:CENT xref: FMA:72519 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Gray703.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Gray703.png/200px-Gray703.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_920 xref: SCTID:279383007 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004077 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003022 name: lobe parts of cerebral cortex comment: check w.r.t regional part of cerebreal cortex synonym: "cerebral cortical segment" RELATED [FMA:68603] synonym: "regional organ part of cerebral cortex" RELATED [FMA:68603] synonym: "segment of cerebral cortex" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_922] xref: FMA:68603 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_922 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0003023 name: pontine tegmentum def: "The pontine tegmentum is a part of the pons of the brain involved in the initiation of REM sleep. It includes the pedunculopontine nucleus and the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, among others, and is located near the raphe nucleus and the locus ceruleus. The trapezoid body is part of the pontine tegmentum. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pontine_tegmentum] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "dorsal portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:71108] synonym: "tegmental portion of pons" EXACT [FMA:71108] synonym: "tegmentum of pons" EXACT [FMA:71108] synonym: "tegmentum pontis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71108, FMA:TA] synonym: "tegmentum pontis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pontine_tegmentum] xref: FMA:71108 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Brainstem_Abducens.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Brainstem_Abducens.png/200px-Brainstem_Abducens.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_923 xref: SCTID:362401009 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_part UBERON:0002047 ! pontine raphe nucleus relationship: has_part UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex relationship: has_part UBERON:0002148 ! locus ceruleus relationship: has_part UBERON:0002149 ! superior salivatory nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0003024 name: principal part of ventral posteromedial nucleus synonym: "nucleus ventralis posteromedialis, pars prinicipalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_927] xref: FMA:62208 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_927 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0003025 name: brachium of inferior colliculus def: "The Brachium of inferior colliculus (or inferior brachium) carries auditory afferent fibers from the inferior colliculus of the mesencephalon to the medial geniculate nucleus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_inferior_colliculus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "brachium colliculi inferioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachium_of_inferior_colliculus] synonym: "brachium of medial geniculate" EXACT [FMA:71114] synonym: "inferior brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114] synonym: "inferior collicular brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114] synonym: "inferior colliculus brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114] synonym: "inferior quadrigeminal brachium" EXACT [FMA:71114] synonym: "peduncle of inferior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71114] xref: BM:MB-BSC xref: FMA:71114 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem-thalamus_posterior_view_description.JPG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_929 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0003026 name: limitans nucleus synonym: "limitans thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931] synonym: "nucleus limitans" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931] synonym: "nucleus limitans opticus (hassler)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931] synonym: "nucleus limitans thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931] xref: BM:Die-Th-L xref: FMA:62220 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_931 xref: SCTID:369181002 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003027 name: cingulate cortex def: "The cingulate cortex is a part of the brain situated in the medial aspect of the cortex. It is extended from the corpus callosum below to the cingulate sulcus above, at least anteriorly. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cingulate_cortex] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gyrus cingulatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cingulate_cortex] xref: BM:Tel-Cx-Cg xref: BTO:0003975 xref: EFO:0000343 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png/200px-Gray727_cingulate_gyrus.png xref: MA:0000904 xref: ncithesaurus:Cingulate_Cortex xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_934 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0003028 name: commissure of inferior colliculus def: "A commissure that is part of a inferior colliculus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caudal colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of caudal colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of inferior colliculi" EXACT [FMA:71115] synonym: "commissure of posterior colliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "commissure of posterior corpus quadrigeminum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior collicular commissure" EXACT [FMA:71115] synonym: "inferior colliculus commissure" EXACT [FMA:71115] synonym: "posterior colliculus commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior corpus quadrigeminum commissure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:71115 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_935 xref: SCTID:369260005 is_a: UBERON:0005970 ! brain commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001946 ! inferior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0003029 name: stria terminalis def: "The stria terminalis (terminal stria) is a structure in the brain consisting of a band of fibers running along the lateral margin of the ventricular surface of the thalamus. Serving as a major output pathway of the amygdala, the stria terminalis runs from its corticomedial division to the ventral medial nucleus of the hypothalamus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "semicircular stria" EXACT [FMA:61974] synonym: "stria terminalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stria_terminalis] synonym: "terminal stria" EXACT [Wikipedia:Terminal_stria] xref: BM:ST xref: BM:STr xref: BTO:0004616 xref: FMA:61974 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Gray683.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gray683.png/200px-Gray683.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_937 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003030 name: posterior nucleus of thalamus subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal thalamic nucleus" RELATED [TAO:0000325] synonym: "nucleus posterior thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_939] xref: BM:Die-Th-Po xref: FMA:62221 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Nucleus_of_the_Thalamus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_939 xref: SCTID:424901000 xref: TAO:0000325 xref: ZFA:0000325 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003031 name: submedial nucleus synonym: "gelatinosus thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62223] synonym: "nucleus submedialis thalami" EXACT LATIN [FMA:62223, FMA:TA] synonym: "nucleus submedius thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946] synonym: "submedial nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62223] synonym: "submedial nucleus thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946] synonym: "submedial thalamic nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946] xref: ABA:SMT xref: EV:0100203 xref: FMA:62223 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_946 xref: SCTID:279151007 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002739 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003033 name: suprageniculate nucleus synonym: "nucleus suprageniculatus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_953] synonym: "suprageniculate thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62222] xref: ABA:SGN xref: BM:Die-Th-SG xref: FMA:62222 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_953 xref: SCTID:369180001 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002709 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002983 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003034 name: central dorsal nucleus synonym: "nucleus centralis dorsalis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956] synonym: "nucleus centralis superior lateralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956] synonym: "nucleus centralis superior lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956] synonym: "nucleus circularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956] xref: ABA:NC xref: FMA:62169 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_956 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003035 name: regional part of cerebellar white matter subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of cerebellar white matter" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_959] xref: FMA:72547 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_959 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002317 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002317 ! white matter of cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002317 ! white matter of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0003036 name: central lateral nucleus synonym: "central lateral nucleus of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62170] synonym: "central lateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62170] synonym: "centrolateral thalamic nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62170] synonym: "nucleus centralis lateralis of thalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_961] synonym: "nucleus centralis lateralis thalami" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_961] xref: ABA:CL xref: BM:Die-CL xref: EV:0100205 xref: FMA:62170 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_961 xref: SCTID:279153005 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001922 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001923 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001924 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002955 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003037 name: septum def: "a wall, dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones[WP]." [Wikipedia:Septum] comment: general anatomical term in FMA synonym: "septa" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: AAO:0011127 xref: BM:Tel-Spt xref: FMA:86461 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rrqot_on_EdaAAAACs0uFOQ is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0003038 name: thoracic spinal cord def: "The thoracic nerves are the spinal nerves emerging from the thoracic vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Thoracic_spinal_cord] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "segmenta thoracica medullae spinalis [1-12]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71167, FMA:TA] synonym: "thoracic region of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71167] synonym: "thoracic segment of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71167] synonym: "thoracic segments of spinal cord [1-12]" EXACT [FMA:71167] synonym: "thoracic spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:71167] xref: FMA:71167 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Gray820.png/200px-Gray820.png xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_966 xref: SCTID:278750009 is_a: UBERON:0005844 ! spinal cord segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0005844 ! spinal cord segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003039 name: anterior commissure anterior part def: "the horseshoe-shaped tract that connects the two olfactory bulbs." [MP:0010859] synonym: "anterior commissure pars anterior" EXACT [MP:0010859] synonym: "anterior commissure, anterior part" EXACT [FMA:61963] synonym: "anterior part of anterior commissure" EXACT [MP:0008230] synonym: "anterior part of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61963] synonym: "olfactory limb of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61963] synonym: "olfactory part of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61963] synonym: "pars anterior" BROAD [MP:0008230] synonym: "pars anterior commissurae anterioris" EXACT [MP:0008230] xref: FMA:61963 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_969 is_a: UBERON:0011299 ! white matter of telencephalon disjoint_from: UBERON:0006964 ! pars distalis of adenohypophysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000935 ! anterior commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0003040 name: central gray substance of midbrain def: "Periaqueductal gray (PAG; also called the 'central gray') is the gray matter located around the cerebral aqueduct within the midbrain. It plays a role in the descending modulation of pain and in defensive behaviour. The ascending pain and temperature fibers of the spinothalamic tract also send information to the PAG via the spinomesencephalic tract. The spinomesencephalic tract is so-named because the fibers originate in the spine and terminate in the mesencephalon, another name for the midbrain, the part of the brain in which the PAG resides. [WP,unvetted]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3209233&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Periaqueductal_gray] comment: TODO - resolve MA - see tracker subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anulus of cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "central (periaqueductal) gray" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "central grey" RELATED [MA:0000209] synonym: "griseum centrale" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_973] synonym: "midbrain periaqueductal grey" EXACT [MA:0000209] synonym: "periaquectuctal grey" EXACT DUBIOUS [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3209233&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, MA:0002895] synonym: "periaqueductal gray" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "periaqueductal gray matter" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "periaqueductal gray of tegmentum" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "periaqueductal grey" EXACT [MA:0002895] synonym: "periaqueductal grey matter" EXACT [EV:0100249] synonym: "periaqueductal grey substance" EXACT [FMA:74510] synonym: "s. grisea centralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Periaqueductal_gray] synonym: "substantia grisea centralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_973] xref: ABA:PAG xref: BM:MB-PAG xref: BTO:0002701 xref: EFO:0002470 xref: EV:0100249 xref: FMA:74510 xref: GAID:585 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Cn3nucleus.png/200px-Cn3nucleus.png xref: MA:0000209 xref: MA:0002895 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659.822.595 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_973 xref: SCTID:369233003 xref: TAO:0000518 xref: ZFA:0000518 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001715 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001944 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001947 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001966 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002141 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002438 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002691 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002696 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002995 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003041 name: trigeminal nerve fibers synonym: "central part of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72501] synonym: "trigeminal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72501] synonym: "trigeminal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72501] xref: FMA:72501 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_974 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0003043 name: posterior part of anterior commissure def: "the major forebrain commissure that connects the two temporal lobes of the cortex." [MP:0010860] synonym: "anterior commissure pars posterior" EXACT [MP:0010860] synonym: "anterior commissure temporal limb" EXACT [MP:0008230] synonym: "anterior commissure, posterior part" EXACT [FMA:61964] synonym: "pars posterior" BROAD [MP:0008229] synonym: "temporal limb of anterior commissure" EXACT [FMA:61964] xref: FMA:61964 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_977 is_a: UBERON:0011299 ! white matter of telencephalon disjoint_from: UBERON:0003217 ! neural lobe of neurohypophysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000935 ! anterior commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0003044 name: uncinate fasciculus def: "The uncinate fasciculus is a white matter tract in the human brain that connects parts of the limbic system such as the hippocampus and amygdala in the temporal lobe with frontal ones such as the orbitofrontal cortex. Its function is unknown though it is affected in several psychiatric conditions. It is the last white matter tract to mature in the human brain. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Uncinate_fasciculus] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cerebral uncinate fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:77636] xref: FMA:77636 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray751.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Gray751.png/200px-Gray751.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_983 xref: SCTID:369083001 is_a: UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle [Term] id: UBERON:0003045 name: dorsal longitudinal fasciculus def: "The dorsal longitudinal fasciculus (DLF) (not to be confused with the medial longitudinal fasciculus) is a white matter fiber tract located within the brain stem, specifically in the dorsal brainstem tegmentum. The DLF travels through the periaqueductal gray matter. The tract is comprised of a diffuse brainstem pathway located in the periventricular gray matter comprising ascending visceral sensory axons and descending hypothalamic axons. As with all white matter tracts, the DLF consists of myelinated axons carrying information between neurons. The DLF, carries both ascending and descending fibers, conveys visceral motor and sensory signals. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_longitudinal_fasciculus] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bundle of Schutz" EXACT [FMA:83845] synonym: "DLF" RELATED [ZFA:0005266] synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83845, FMA:TA] synonym: "fasciculus longitudinalis posterior; fasciculus longitudinalis dorsalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_longitudinal_fasciculus] synonym: "fasciculus of Schutz" EXACT [FMA:83845] synonym: "posterior longitudinal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:83845] xref: FMA:83845 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_986 xref: SCTID:369082006 xref: ZFA:0005266 is_a: UBERON:0005838 ! fasciculus of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003046 name: ventral acoustic stria synonym: "anterior acoustic stria" EXACT [FMA:72498] synonym: "stria cochlearis anterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72498, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72498 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_991 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003047 name: regional part of pretectal region def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a pretectal region [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of pretectal area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of pretectal nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of pretectal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of pretectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of pretectal area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of pretectal nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of pretectal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of pretectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of pretectal area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of pretectal nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of pretectal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of pretectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of pretectal area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of pretectal nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of pretectal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of pretectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of pretectal area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of pretectal nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of pretectal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of pretectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal area anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal area biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal area brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal area brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal area neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal area regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal area segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal nuclei anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal nuclei biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal nuclei brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal nuclei brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal nuclei neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal nuclei regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal nuclei segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal region anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal region biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal region brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal region brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal region neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal region regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectal region segment" EXACT [FMA:74519] synonym: "pretectal region segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectum anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectum biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectum brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectum brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectum neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectum regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pretectum segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of pretectal area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of pretectal nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of pretectal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of pretectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of pretectal area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of pretectal nuclei" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of pretectal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of pretectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of pretectal region" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_993] xref: FMA:74519 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_993 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001944 ! pretectal region [Term] id: UBERON:0003048 name: regional part of hypothalamus def: "A regional part of brain that is part of a hypothalamus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical structure of brain of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biological structure of brain of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain anatomical structure of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain biological structure of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypothalamus segment" EXACT [FMA:67706] synonym: "hypothalamus segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis segment of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic area segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region anatomical structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region biological structure of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region brain anatomical structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region brain biological structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region neuraxis segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region regional part of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "preoptico-hypothalamic region segment of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regional part of brain of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of hypothalamus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of preoptico-hypothalamic area" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of brain of preoptico-hypothalamic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segment of hypothalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_995] xref: FMA:67706 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_995 xref: SCTID:360454003 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0003049 name: collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle alt_id: UBERON:WBbt_0005755 def: "A rigid external coating which is secreted by the hypodermis, seam and some transitional epithelial cells which covers the outer body, the major openings into the body cavity from the exterior, and two large sensory bristles, the male spicules. The cuticle of the spicules, the hook, and of some portions of the spicule channels is especially rigid and is probably sclerotized. Similar sclerotic features are occasionally noted in the ventral surface of the male tail fan[WBbt]. The main structural components of the nematode cuticle are proteins, highly cross-linked collagens and specialised insoluble proteins known as cuticlins, together with glycoproteins and lipids[WP]." [UBERON:cjm, WA:dh] comment: Note that GO has a superclass protein-based cuticle development // taxonomic restriction may be too strict subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nematode cuticle" RELATED [] xref: WBbt:0005755 is_a: UBERON:0001002 ! cuticle [Term] id: UBERON:0003050 name: olfactory placode def: "A thick plate of cells derived from the neural ectoderm in the head region of the embryo that develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity." [Wikipedia:Nasal_placode, XAO:0000005] comment: Olfactory placodes are the only ectodermal placodes to produce glia, a cell type typically derived from neural crest // Note that NBK53171 classifies this as non-neurogenic subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nasal placode" RELATED [] synonym: "olfactory placodes" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "placoda nasalis" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "placoda olfactoria" EXACT LATIN [] xref: AAO:0011076 xref: EFO:0003420 xref: EHDAA2:0001232 xref: EHDAA:1504 xref: EMAPA:16543 xref: TAO:0000048 xref: VHOG:0000186 xref: XAO:0000005 xref: ZFA:0000048 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007497 {source="EHDAA2"} ! developing epithelial placode is_a: UBERON:0009955 {contradicted_by="NBK53171", source="ZFA"} ! neurogenic placode is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (2) neurogenic placodes (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000186", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003051 name: ear vesicle alt_id: UBERON:0004373 def: "The saccular invagination of ectoderm from which the vertebrate inner ear develops[BTO]. Epithelial sac present beside the fifth rhombomere; forms the semicircular canals dorsally and the otolith organs ventrally, and houses the acoustico-vestibular sensory epithelia (maculae) of hair cells[ZFA]. epithelial sac of invaginated ectoderm formed from the otic placode that gives rise to the structures of the inner ear[MP]" [BTO:0002661, MP:0009806, Wikipedia:Otic_vesicle, ZFIN:curator] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "acoustic vesicle" RELATED [VHOG:0001148] synonym: "auditory vesicle" RELATED [BTO:0002661] synonym: "otic vesicle" EXACT [] synonym: "otocyst" RELATED [] synonym: "OV" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011080 xref: BTO:0002661 xref: EHDAA2:0001342 xref: EMAPA:16669 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray40.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray40.png/200px-Gray40.png xref: ncithesaurus:Otic_Vesicle xref: SCTID:308792006 xref: TAO:0000051 xref: VHOG:0001148 xref: XAO:0000006 xref: ZFA:0000051 is_a: UBERON:0005085 ! ectodermal placode is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007497 ! developing epithelial placode is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001846 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009123 {source="NBK53175"} ! otic cup relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm property_value: external_definition "Epithelial sac present beside the fifth rhombomere; forms the semicircular canals dorsally and the otolith organs ventrally, and houses the acoustico-vestibular sensory epithelia (maculae) of hair cells. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000051", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "One of the paired sacs of invaginated ectoderm that develop into the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear. [Biology_online][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001148", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The inner ear develops embryonically in all vertebrates as an invagination of the ectodermal otic placode to form an otic vesicle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001148", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.413", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003052 name: midbrain-hindbrain boundary def: "The part of the brain that is the morphological boundary between the midbrain and hindbrain and that is the location of an organizing center which patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate." [GO:0021555] comment: editor note: consider adding class for organizer. Consider adding separate class for isthmus as a structure subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "isthmo-cerebellar region" RELATED [VHOG:0000649] synonym: "isthmus" RELATED [] synonym: "isthmus/MHB" RELATED [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782] synonym: "MHB" EXACT [] synonym: "mid-hindbrain boundary" EXACT [] synonym: "mid-hindbrain junction" EXACT [] synonym: "midbrain hindbrain boundary" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011064 xref: EHDAA2:0004395 xref: EHDAA:5789 xref: TAO:0000042 xref: VHOG:0000649 xref: XAO:0000016 xref: ZFA:0000042 is_a: UBERON:0006800 {source="ZFA"} ! anatomical line relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001891 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009615 {source="ZFA"} ! midbrain hindbrain boundary neural plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 {source="ZFA"} ! brain property_value: homology_notes "Lampreys also have an MHB [midbrain hindbrain boundary], expressing a similar repertoire of regulatory gene cognates as in gnathostomes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000649", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.008 Murakami Y, Uchida K, Rijli FM and Kuratani S, Evolution of the brain developmental plan: Insights from agnathans. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003053 name: ventricular zone def: "There are two primary regions that are thought to give rise to neurons that make up the cerebellum. The first region is the ventricular zone (the roof of the fourth ventricle). This area produces Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar nuclear neurons." [BTO:0003654] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "brain ventricular zone" EXACT [MA:0000819] synonym: "ventricular zone of brain" EXACT [] synonym: "VZ" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011112 xref: BTO:0003654 xref: EFO:0003624 xref: MA:0000819 xref: TAO:0001083 xref: VHOG:0001224 xref: XAO:0000021 xref: ZFA:0001083 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0003054 name: roof plate def: " a single row of glia at the dorsal midline of the developing neural tube. This region provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types and of the specification of neural crest cells. The cells comprising the roof plate are the precursors to radial glial cells." [GO:0021509, PMID:15378040] comment: TODO - Note that although this is classically defined as being located on the neural tube, in many AOs the roof plate continues post-embryonically after the neural tube has ceased to exist. Consider 'roof plate of neural tube'. TODO - alar plate vs roof plate subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "alar plate" RELATED [Wikipedia:Roof_plate] synonym: "roofplate" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011097 xref: TAO:0007058 xref: ZFA:0007058 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure that is the dorsal-most aspect of the devleloping neural tube.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0007058", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003055 name: periderm def: "A temporary epithelium that derives from the outer layer of the ectdoerm and is shed once the inner layer differentiates to form a true epidermis." [ISBN:9780878932504] comment: Originally the epidermis is one layer thick, in most vertebrates it soon becomes a two-layered structure. The outer layer gives rise to the periderm. The periderm goes through distinct developmental phases and is ultimately sloughed into the amniotic fluid when differentiation of the underlying epidermal layers is complete. The function of the periderm is not known, but is thought to be related to transport/exchange between the fetus and the amniotic fluid (http://courses.washington.edu/hubio567/devbio/periderm.html) subset: uberon_slim synonym: "epidermis epithelial layer" RELATED [] synonym: "epidermis outer layer" RELATED [] synonym: "EVL" RELATED [ZFA:0001185] synonym: "periderm" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0001846 xref: EHDAA:6538 xref: ncithesaurus:Periderm xref: TAO:0001185 xref: VHOG:0001680 xref: XAO:0000029 xref: ZFA:0001185 is_a: UBERON:0000487 {source="EHDAA2"} ! simple squamous epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007383 {source="ZFA"} ! enveloping layer of ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 {source="EHDAA2"} ! integument property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: OBO_REL:part_of ectoderm (TAO:0000016) CHANGED TO: develops_from ectoderm (UBERON:0000924)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001185", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "The outermost epidermal layer covering the fish at embryonic stages; derived from the EVL and thought to eventually be replaced by the superficial stratum of the epidermis. Sometimes used synonymously with EVL. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001185", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003056 name: pre-chordal neural plate def: "The portion of neural plate anterior to the mid-hindbrain junction." [XB:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "anterior neural plate" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011084 xref: TAO:0007016 xref: VHOG:0001200 xref: XAO:0000045 xref: ZFA:0007016 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0009774 ! embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001200", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003057 name: chordal neural plate def: "The portion of neural plate posterior to the mid-hindbrain junction." [XB:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies synonym: "posterior neural plate" RELATED [] xref: TAO:0007017 xref: VHOG:0001201 xref: XAO:0000046 xref: ZFA:0007017 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate relationship: posterior_to UBERON:0009774 ! embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001201", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003058 name: hypochord def: "The hypochord is a transient rod-like structure in the embryos of fish, lampreys and amphibians that is located immediately ventral to the notochord. The hypochord may play a role in positioning the dorsal aorta[GO]. near metamorphosis the hypochord fuses to the coccyx, thereby forming the urostyle[AAO]" [AAO:0000733, GO:0055016, ISBN:0815318960, PMID:10648245] comment: Unlike in frogs and axolotl, the hypochord does not appear to be endodermally derived[ZFA] subset: dubious_grouping synonym: "subnotochordal rod" EXACT [GO:0055016, PMID:10648245] xref: AAO:0000733 xref: EFO:0003475 xref: TAO:0000031 xref: VHOG:0000081 xref: XAO:0000056 xref: ZFA:0000031 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000925 {source="XAO"} ! endoderm property_value: external_definition "A transient rod-like structure which is endodermally derived and located immediately ventral to the notochord. The hypochord is thought to play a role in positioning the dorsal aorta. Eriksson and Lofberg, 2000.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000031", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Unsegmented ventral structure in the caudal region of anuran larvae; near metamorphosis the hypochord fuses to the coccyx, thereby forming the urostyle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000733", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} property_value: homology_notes "In other words, we identified variations in gene expression patterns that may contribute to a molecular basis of evolutionary variation of axial structures between Teleostei and Mammalia in the determination of body axis. As already mentioned, one such difference is illustrated by the hypochord present in lower vertebrates but absent in higher animals. Perhaps, Tbx-b and Tbx-c are involved in the mechanisms underlying the formation of this organ that were lost during later evolution leading to the disappearance of the hypochord itself, similarly to other organs, such as the lateral line.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000081", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:11548409 Korzh VP, T-box genes and developmental decisions that cells make. Russian Journal of Developmental Biology (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003059 name: presomitic mesoderm def: "Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. Kimmel et al, 1995." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "presumptive somite mesoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "PSM" RELATED [] synonym: "segmental plate" EXACT [] synonym: "somitogenic mesoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "unsegmented mesenchyme" RELATED [VHOG:0000559] synonym: "unsegmented paraxial mesoderm" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: AAO:0011086 xref: EFO:0001982 xref: TAO:0000279 xref: VHOG:0000559 xref: XAO:0000057 xref: ZFA:0000279 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007282 {evidence="definitional"} ! presumptive segmental plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm property_value: external_definition "Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000279", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "It is reasonable to assume that the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates had an amphioxus-like tail bud in its larval stage. This archetypal tail bud would have (...) (3) lacked any component of mesenchyme cells, (4) budded off new mesodermal segments directly, without any intervening zone of presomitic mesoderm (...). Then, early in vertebrate evolution, epithelium-to-mesenchyme interconversions (and the gene networks for effecting them) became prominent features of development. (...) In any case, conspicuous mesenchymal components tended to be added to the vertebrate tail bud itself. In addition, a mesenchymatous presomitic mesoderm (not a part of the tail bud proper) came to intervene between the tail bud and the forming somites.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000559", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1006/dbio.2001.0460 Schubert M, Holland LZ, Dale Stokes M and Holland ND, Three Amphoxius Wnt Genes (AmphiWnt3, AmphiWnt5, and AmphiWnt6) Associated with the Tail Bud: the Evolution of Somitogenesis in Chordates. Developmental Biology (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003060 name: pronephric duct def: "In mammals, the pronephric duct is the predecessor of the Wolffian duct[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pronephric_duct] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "archinephric duct" RELATED [VHOG:0000082] synonym: "ductus pronephricus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pronephric_duct] xref: AAO:0011088 xref: ncithesaurus:Pronephric_Duct xref: SCTID:361406002 xref: TAO:0000150 xref: VHOG:0000082 xref: XAO:0000063 xref: ZFA:0000150 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0009201 {source="GO"} ! nephric duct relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 {source="Wikipedia"} ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005721 {source="XAO"} ! pronephric mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros property_value: external_definition "Duct of the embryonic kidney, present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the anal region where it empties separately from, and just posterior to the anus. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000150", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The first-formed kidney duct, which drains the kidney of most anamniotes and becomes the ductus deferens of male amniotes. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-3, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000082", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) in all craniates, the archinephric duct develops in embryogeny.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000082", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.686", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003061 name: blood island def: "Blood islands are structures in the developing embryo which lead to many different parts of the circulatory system. They primarily derive from plexuses formed from angioblasts. Within them, vacuoles appear through liquefaction of the central part of the syncytium into plasma. The lumen of the blood vessels thus formed is probably intracellular. The flattened cells at the periphery form the endothelium. The nucleated red blood corpuscles develop either from small masses of the original angioblast left attached to the inner wall of the lumen or directly from the flat endothelial cells. In either case the syncytial mass thus formed projects from and is attached to the wall of the vessel. Such a mass is known as a blood island and hemoglobin gradually accumulates within it. Later the cells on the surface round up, giving the mass a mulberry-like appearance. Then the red blood cells break loose and are carried away in the plasma. Such free blood cells continue to divide. Blood islands have been seen in the area vasculosa in the omphalomesenteric vein and arteries, and in the dorsal aorta[WP, unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Blood_island_of_umbilical_vesicle] comment: AO notes: EHDAA2 distinguishes 3 types, but does not have a superclass. The VHOG class may refer to yolk sac subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "blood islands" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "caudal hematopoietic tissue" RELATED [] synonym: "posterior blood island" RELATED [] synonym: "posterior ICM" RELATED [] synonym: "VBI" RELATED [] synonym: "ventral blood island" RELATED [] synonym: "ventral lateral plate mesoderm" BROAD [] xref: AAO:0011006 xref: EFO:0003489 xref: EHDAA:207 xref: ncithesaurus:Blood_Island xref: TAO:0000094 xref: TE:E5.11.2.0.0.0.4 xref: VHOG:0000085 xref: XAO:0000067 xref: ZFA:0000094 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of intermediate cell mass of mesoderm (TAO:0000033)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000094", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Nests of developing blood cells arising late in the segmentation period from the intermediate mass, and located in the anterior-ventral tail, just posterior to the yolk extension. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000094", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Region located on the ventral surface of the developing embryo that is a site of hematopoiesis and that is analogous to the yolk sac blood islands of higher vertebrates.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011006", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "Small clusters of mesodermal cells called blood islands mark the embryonic debut of the cardiovascular system (in vertebrates) (reference 1); In birds and mammals, primitive hemangioblasts are extraembryonic, populating the yolk sac as the so-called blood islands (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000085", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.450, DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.22.010605.093317 Hartenstein V, Blood cells and blood cell development in the animal kingdom. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003062 name: primitive knot alt_id: UBERON:0004018 def: "organizer for gastrulation in vertebrates. The primitive knot starts as a regional knot of cells that forms on the blastodisc immediately anterior to where the outer layer of cells will begin to migrate inwards - an area known as the primitive streak. Posterior to the node is the primitive pit, where the cells of the epiblast (the upper layer of embryonic cells) initially begin to invaginate. This invagination expands posteriorly into the primitive groove as the cells layers continue to move into the space between the embryonic cells and the yolk. This differentiates the embryo into the germ layers - endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. The primitive knot migrates posteriorly as gastrulation proceeds, eventually being absorbed into the tail bud.[WP]. the regional thickening of cells at the rostral tip of the vertebrate primitive streak through which gastrulating cells migrate anteriorally to form tissues in the future head and neck; this region organizes the formation of the three embryonic layers and establishes the longitudinal axis and the polarity of the embryo[MP]." [MP:0004066, Wikipedia:Primitive_knot, Wikipedia:Regional_specification#Dorsal.2Fventral_axis_.26_organizer] comment: This class groups together possibly disparate structures, following homology class in vHOG; early development terms need review subset: early_development subset: uberon_slim synonym: "DMZ" RELATED [VHOG:0000598] synonym: "dorsal marginal zone" RELATED [XAO:0000072] synonym: "embryo organizer" EXACT [GAID:1312] synonym: "embryonic organizer" EXACT [GAID:1312] synonym: "embryonic shield" EXACT [http://zfin.org/zf_info/zfbook/stages/gast.html] synonym: "Hensen node" EXACT SENSU [GAID:1312, Wikipedia:Primitive_knot] synonym: "Hensen's node" EXACT SENSU [GAID:1312, Wikipedia:Primitive_knot] synonym: "node" BROAD [EMAPA:16075, ISBN:9780878932504] synonym: "nodus primitivus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Primitive_knot] synonym: "organizer" EXACT [ZFA:0000071] synonym: "primitive node" EXACT [Wikipedia:Primitive_knot] synonym: "shield" EXACT [ZFA:0000071] synonym: "Spemann Mangold organizer" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0000071] synonym: "Spemann's organizer" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0000071] xref: AAO:0000346 xref: BILA:0000053 xref: BTO:0003395 xref: EHDAA2:0001272 xref: EHDAA:549 xref: EMAPA:16075 xref: GAID:1312 xref: MESH:A.16.254.650 xref: ncithesaurus:Primitive_Node xref: SCTID:361464001 xref: TAO:0000071 xref: VHOG:0000598 xref: XAO:0000072 xref: ZFA:0000071 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010188 {source="EHDAA2"} ! protuberance relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007283 {evidence="definitional"} ! presumptive shield relationship: part_of UBERON:0002541 {source="ZFA"} ! germ ring relationship: part_of UBERON:0004341 {source="EHDAA"} ! primitive streak property_value: external_definition "A signaling center that directs the development of the whole embryo or of part of the embryo.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000346", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "The organizer is a central feature of vertebrate embryogenesis. It was first characterized in functional terms in amphibians by Spemann and Mangold (1924), and homologous tissues have since been identified in representatives of most other vertebrate classes, including mammals (the node), birds (Henson's node) and teleost fish (the embryonic shield).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000598", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00073.x Neidert AH, Panopoulou G and Langeland JA, Amphioxus goosecoid and the evolution of the head organizer and prechordal plate. Evolution and Development (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003063 name: prechordal plate alt_id: UBERON:0004881 def: "a thickening of the endoderm at the cranial end of the primitive streak formed by the involution of Spemann's organizer cells. The prechordal plate and the notochord induce the formation of the neural plate from the overlying ectodermal cells[GO]. Axial hypoblast located anterior to the chordamesoderm; the polster is its most anterior region[ZFA]. Uniquely thickened portion of the endoderm that is in contact with ectoderm immediately rostral to the cephalic tip of the notochord[WP]." [Wikipedia:Prechordal_plate, ZFIN:curator] comment: todo - check; developmental relationship to anterior hypoblast in ZFA? subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "head mesenchyme" BROAD [XAO:0000079] synonym: "head mesoderm" BROAD [XAO:0000079] xref: AAO:0011085 xref: EHDAA2:0001493 xref: EHDAA:181 xref: TAO:0000060 xref: VHOG:0000086 xref: XAO:0000079 xref: ZFA:0000060 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0003068 {source="ZFA"} ! axial mesoderm property_value: external_definition "Axial hypoblast located anterior to the chorda mesoderm; the polster is its most anterior region. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000060", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Axial mesoderm that lies anterior to the notochord and that underlies the forebrain. [Amphioxus_goosecoid_and_the_evolution_of_the_head_organizer_and_prechordal_plate._Evolution_and_Development_(2008)_2(6):303-310, Neidert_AH, Panopoulou_G_and_Langeland_JA][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000086", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "There are two opposing models that can potentially explain the differences in gsc (goosecoid) expression between amphioxus and vertebrates. In one model, the vertebrate gsc expression pattern more closely resembles the common ancestral state and the amphioxus gsc expression pattern is a derivation associated with its unique morphology. (...) In an alternate model, the amphioxus gsc expression pattern most closely represents the common ancestral state and the vertebrate pattern is derived. This model suggests that the evolution of vertebrates was accompanied by the segregation of gsc expression, from a more general domain underlying the entire brain anlage to a distinct forebrain organizer domain and subsequent prechordal plate. We feel this second model is more parsimonious than the first model in that what would be novel anterior gsc expression in vertebrates directly correlates with a novel vertebrate anterior structure, the prechordal plate.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000086", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2000.00073.x Neidert AH, Panopoulou G and Langeland JA, Amphioxus goosecoid and the evolution of the head organizer and prechordal plate. Evolution and Development (2008)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003064 name: intermediate mesoderm def: "The intermediate mesoderm is located between the lateral mesoderm and the paraxial mesoderm. It develops into the kidney and gonads." [GOC:curators, Wikipedia:Intermediate_mesoderm] comment: note that all AOs differ in the relationship between this structure and the mesoderm; in ZFA it is a subclass (and this is implied by the GO definition and GO relationships), in AAO it is part of, and in EHDAA2 it develops from the mesoderm (but in EHDAA2 the naming convention is to use 'paraxial mesenchyme', rather than 'paraxial mesoderm'). subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "IM" RELATED [] synonym: "intermediate mesenchyme" RELATED [UBERONREF:0000002] synonym: "intermediate plate mesoderm" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "mesenchyma intermedium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intermediate_mesoderm] xref: AAO:0010575 xref: EMAPA:16178 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png xref: ncithesaurus:Intermediate_Mesoderm xref: SCTID:361476001 xref: TAO:0001206 xref: VHOG:0000087 xref: XAO:0000085 xref: ZFA:0001206 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 {source="XAO"} ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 {source="AAO"} ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0005256 {source="EMAPA"} ! trunk mesenchyme property_value: external_definition "Mesoderm between somite and lateral plate. Traditionally thought to give rise to the urogenital system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010575", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "(...)the mesoderm of a developing vertebrate transitionally differentiates into the following sub-types: Chordamesoderm (also known as axial mesoderm) which later on gives rise to notochord in all chordates, Paraxial mesoderm, Intermediate mesoderm, Lateral plate mesoderm (reference 1); The mesoderm is present in Bilateria, therefore they are sometimes called triploblasts. Ectoderm and endoderm are usually organized as epithelial layers, while mesoderm can be epithelial or a compact, three-dimensional tissue.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000087", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoderm, ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.43"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003065 name: ciliary marginal zone def: "Region at the periphery of the retina where retinal stem cells are located. After 60 hpf, the CMZ is the source of most retinal growth. Wehman et al, 2005." [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "circumferential germinal zone" RELATED [] synonym: "CMZ" RELATED [] synonym: "peripheral growth zone" EXACT [ZFA:0001289] xref: AAO:0010342 xref: EFO:0003668 xref: TAO:0001289 xref: VHOG:0000088 xref: XAO:0000086 xref: ZFA:0001289 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina property_value: external_definition "Region at the periphery of the retina where retinal stem cells are located. After 60 hpf, the CMZ is the source of most retinal growth. Wehman et al, 2005.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001289", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The retina of all vertebrates develops via similar mechanisms. Toward the end of retinal histogenesis, proliferating progenitors and newly generated cells are confined to peripheral regions of the retina. In fish and amphibians, this region is maintained after embryonic development and becomes the CMZ (ciliary margin zone). A CMZ exists in birds but compared to that of fish and amphibians this region produces much less new retina as the globe of the eye expands postnatally. At least some of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the addition of new cells in this zone appear to have been conserved from fish to birds.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000088", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1159/000057571 Reh TA, Fischer AJ, Stem cells in the vertebrate retina. Brain Behav Evol (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003066 name: pharyngeal arch 2 def: "assists in forming the side and front of the neck." [Wikipedia:Second_pharyngeal_arch] comment: In XAO, develops from visceral pouch 2 subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "2nd arch" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000050] synonym: "2nd pharyngeal arch" EXACT [] synonym: "2nd visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000297] synonym: "arcus pharyngeus secundus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Second_pharyngeal_arch] synonym: "branchial arch 2" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "hyoid arch" EXACT [XAO:0000098] synonym: "hyoid bars" RELATED [] synonym: "pharyngeal arch 2" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngeal arches 2" RELATED [VHOG:0000297] synonym: "second branchial arch" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "second pharyngeal arch" EXACT [] synonym: "second visceral arch" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "visceral arch 2" EXACT SENSU [] xref: AAO:0010363 xref: EHDAA2:0000050 xref: EHDAA:611 xref: EMAPA:16272 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray41.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gray41.png/200px-Gray41.png xref: ncithesaurus:Second_Pharyngeal_Arch xref: SCTID:308768003 xref: TAO:0001596 xref: VHOG:0000297 xref: XAO:0000098 xref: ZFA:0001611 is_a: UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch property_value: external_definition "The second of the series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010363", ontology="AAO", source="XAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000297", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M and Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003067 name: dorsolateral placode def: "Lateral neurogenic placodes positioned dorsal of the epibranchial placodes." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "dorsolateral placodes" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001310] xref: TAO:0001310 xref: VHOG:0000103 xref: XAO:0000187 xref: ZFA:0001310 is_a: UBERON:0009955 {source="NBK53175"} ! neurogenic placode relationship: dorsal_to UBERON:0003078 ! epibranchial placode property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the collective term 'placodes' refers to some rather different structures, probably with different evolutionary origins. Some sensory placodes (at least the otic and olfactory) may have homologues in basal chordates. Even if this is so, it is apparent that they were elaborated considerably during early vertebrate evolution. Epibranchial and dorsolateral placodes appear to be new; we infer that their origin depended on the evolution of specific inductive signals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000103", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.9.4449 Shimeld SM and Holland PW. Vertebrate innovations. PNAS (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003068 name: axial mesoderm def: "The axial mesoderm includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm. It gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord." [GO:0048318, Wikipedia:Chordamesoderm] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "chordamesoderm" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chordamesoderm] xref: AAO:0011017 xref: EFO:0003647 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png xref: TAO:0001204 xref: VHOG:0000107 xref: XAO:0000205 xref: ZFA:0001204 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm property_value: external_definition "The portion of the mesoderm underlying the midline of the embryo. [Gastrulation:_From_cells_to_embryo_(2004)_Cold_Spring_Harbor, Glossary_XV, New_York:_Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory_Press, Stern_CD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000107", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003069 name: otic placode def: "A cranial placode which, once specified, invaginates to form an otic cup, which eventually separates from the surface ectoderm to form the otic vesicle or otocyst, a rounded structure without appar- ent polarity. As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII[NBK]" [NBK:NBK53175, Wikipedia:Otic_placode] comment: With the exception of the pigment cells of the stria vascularis and the secretory epithelium of the cochlea, which are of neural crest origin, all compo- nents of the inner ear derive from the otic placode. In most species the thickening of the ectoderm into a placode occurs in a region adjacent to rhombomere 5 (reviewed in Ohyama et al., 2007), while in amphibians the otic placode is centered onto rhombomere 4 (Ruiz i Altaba and Jessell, 1991).[NBK53175] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "auditory placode" RELATED [] synonym: "ear placode" RELATED [] synonym: "ear/otic placode" RELATED [] synonym: "placoda otica" EXACT LATIN [] xref: AAO:0011079 xref: EFO:0003429 xref: EHDAA2:0001339 xref: EHDAA:506 xref: EMAPA:16195 xref: ncithesaurus:Otic_Placodes xref: TAO:0000138 xref: VHOG:0000235 xref: XAO:0000223 xref: ZFA:0000138 is_a: UBERON:0003067 {source="NBK:NBK53175", notes="invaginates"} ! dorsolateral placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0001690 ! ear property_value: external_definition "Primordium of the ear epithelium before it hollows into the otic vesicle, present beside the hindbrain rudiment in the midsegmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000138", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (...) (2) neurogenic placodes (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000235", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003070 name: trigeminal placode def: "The ectodermal rudiment of the trigeminal ganglion." [VHOG:0000109] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: EFO:0003433 xref: EHDAA2:0004209 xref: TAO:0000162 xref: VHOG:0000109 xref: XAO:0000225 xref: ZFA:0000162 is_a: UBERON:0003067 ! dorsolateral placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003067 ! dorsolateral placode property_value: external_definition "The ectodermal rudiment of the trigeminal ganglion, distinguishable during much of the segmentation period. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000162", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The dorsolateral placodes (trigeminal and vestibular) develop from ectoderm lateral to the brain (...). In summary, the collective term 'placodes' refers to some rather different structures, probably with different evolutionary origins. Some sensory placodes (at least the otic and olfactory) may have homologues in basal chordates. Even if this is so, it is apparent that they were elaborated considerably during early vertebrate evolution. Epibranchial and dorsolateral placodes appear to be new; we infer that their origin depended on the evolution of specific inductive signals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000109", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.9.4449 Shimeld SM and Holland PW. Vertebrate innovations. PNAS (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003071 name: eye primordium alt_id: UBERON:0005060 def: "Portion of tissue that is part of the anterior neural keel and will form the optic vesicle[ZFA]. A paired ectodermal placode that becomes invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles." [GO:0046619, ZFA:0000570] comment: AO notes: TODO - check that GO's optic placode is the same as ZFA's eye primordium; we may want to have separate term for ocular primordium precursor. XAO has both optic field and eye primordium synonym: "eye anlage" RELATED [XAO:0000227] synonym: "eye field" RELATED [] synonym: "eye placode" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "occular primordium" EXACT [] synonym: "ocular primordium" EXACT [] synonym: "optic field" RELATED [] synonym: "optic placode" EXACT [GO:0046619] synonym: "optic placode of camera-type eye" EXACT [GO:0046619, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "optic primordium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011038 xref: EFO:0003541 xref: EHDAA2:0004431 xref: TAO:0000570 xref: XAO:0000227 xref: XAO:0004090 xref: ZFA:0000570 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007497 ! developing epithelial placode is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000019 intersection_of: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003056 ! pre-chordal neural plate relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0003056 {source="PMID:16496288", source="XAO"} ! pre-chordal neural plate [Term] id: UBERON:0003072 name: optic cup def: "Multi-tissue structure that is comprised of neural and non-neural epithelial layers which will form the retina and retinal pigmented epithelium of the mature eye[ZFA]. double walled structured formed by expansion and invagination of the distal end of the optic vesicle that develops into the pigmented and sensory layers of the retina while the mouth of the optic cup eventually forms the pupil of the eye[MP]." [MP:0004269, Optic_cup_(embryology), ZFA:0001202] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "eye cup" RELATED [] synonym: "ocular cup" RELATED [VHOG:0000167] xref: EHDAA2:0001303 xref: EHDAA:2912 xref: EMAPA:16674 xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Cup xref: SCTID:308789007 xref: TAO:0001202 xref: VHOG:0000167 xref: ZFA:0001202 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004128 {source="ZFA"} ! optic vesicle relationship: induced_by UBERON:0003073 ! lens placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0010312 {source="ZFA"} ! immature eye property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000167", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003073 name: lens placode def: "A thickened portion of ectoderm which serves as the precursor to the lens. SOX2 and Pou2f1 are involved in its development[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lens_placode, ZFIN:curator] comment: Classical transplantation experiments using amphibian embryos suggested that the optic vesicle is the source of lens-inducing signals sufficient to generate lens tissues in competent ectoderm (reviewed in Grainger et al., 1996). More recent findings suggest a multistep model for lens induction. There is now good evidence that lens specification occurs at the neurula stage, before the optic vesicle contact the surface ectoderm, and that neural crest cell migration in the frontonasal region is required to restrict the position of the lens placode (Bailey et al., 2006)[NBK53175] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "placoda lentis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lens_placode] xref: AAO:0011055 xref: EFO:0003494 xref: EHDAA2:0000982 xref: EHDAA:2908 xref: EMAPA:16672 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray864.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lens_Placodes xref: TAO:0000122 xref: VHOG:0000166 xref: XAO:0000240 xref: ZFA:0000122 is_a: UBERON:0002546 ! cranial placode is_a: UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye is_a: UBERON:0011814 {source="NBK53175"} ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000965 intersection_of: UBERON:0005085 ! ectodermal placode intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye relationship: induced_by UBERON:0004128 ! optic vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010312 {source="ZFA"} ! immature eye property_value: external_definition "Ectodermal primordium of the lens of the eye. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000122", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The optic cup induces the overlying surface ectoderm first to thicken as a lens placode and then to invaginate and form a lens vesicle that differentiates into the lens.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000166", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003074 name: mesonephric duct def: "Paired organ that connects the primitive kidney Wolffian body (or mesonephros) to the cloaca and serves as the anlage for certain male reproductive organs. the Wolffian duct is what remains of the pronephric duct after the atrophy of the pronephros[WP]. In Zebrafish: Duct of the adult kidney (mesonephros), present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the cloacal chamber[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Mesonephric_duct, ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO - mesonephric portion of the nephric duct. Development notes: In the male the Wolffian duct persists, and forms for example the epididymis, the ductus deferens, the ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle and efferent ducts. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "archinephric duct" RELATED [VHOG:0000082, Wikipedia:Wolffian_duct] synonym: "ductus mesonephricus; ductus Wolffi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mesonephric_duct] synonym: "Leydig's duct" RELATED [Wikipedia:Wolffian_duct] synonym: "renal duct" RELATED [] synonym: "Wolffian duct" EXACT [GOC:yaf, Wikipedia:Wolffian_duct, ZFA:0000546] xref: AAO:0000637 xref: EHDAA2:0001243 xref: EHDAA:1590 xref: EMAPA:16577 xref: GAID:1315 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Gray1109.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gray1109.png/200px-Gray1109.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.940 xref: ncithesaurus:Mesonephric_Duct xref: SCTID:308800003 xref: TAO:0000546 xref: VHOG:0000082 xref: XAO:0000242 xref: ZFA:0000546 is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule is_a: UBERON:0009201 {source="GO"} ! nephric duct relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003060 ! pronephric duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure consisting of either of a pair of longitudinal ducts which carry urine and in males, sperm, to the cloaca.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000637", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The first-formed kidney duct, which drains the kidney of most anamniotes and becomes the ductus deferens of male amniotes. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-3, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000082", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) in all craniates, the archinephric duct develops in embryogeny.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000082", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.686", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003075 name: neural plate def: "A region of embryonic ectodermal cells that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape and produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube[XAO]. The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium[ZFA]" [ISBN:0815318960, OMD:neural+plate, Wikipedia:Neural_plate, ZFIN:curator] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lamina neuralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neural_plate] synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011072 xref: BTO:0001765 xref: EHDAA:346 xref: EHDAA:902 xref: EMAPA:16095 xref: EMAPA:16527 xref: EMAPA:16756 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Neural_Crest.png xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Plate xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001252 xref: TAO:0000132 xref: VHOG:0000068 xref: XAO:0000249 xref: ZFA:0000132 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007284 {source="ZFA"} ! presumptive neural plate relationship: induced_by UBERON:0002328 {source="Wikipedia"} ! notochord relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0002346 {source="XAO"} ! neurectoderm property_value: external_definition "The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000132", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000068", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003076 name: posterior neural tube comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies xref: AAO:0011082 xref: TAO:0007037 xref: VHOG:0001383 xref: XAO:0000250 xref: ZFA:0007037 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003057 ! chordal neural plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001383", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003077 name: paraxial mesoderm def: "The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube[GO]" [GO:0048339, Wikipedia:Paraxial_mesoderm] comment: AO notes: note that all AOs differ in the relationship between this structure and the mesoderm; in ZFA it is a subclass (and this is implied by the GO definition and GO relationships), in AAO it is part of, and in EHDAA2 it develops from the mesoderm (but in EHDAA2 the naming convention is to use 'paraxial mesenchyme', rather than 'paraxial mesoderm'). Also in ZFA it is part of the trunk whereas this conflicts with the division into head and trunk in ehdaa2 (which we follow here) subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mesoderma paraxiale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paraxial_mesoderm] synonym: "paraxial mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERONREF:0000002, ZFA:0000255] synonym: "somitic mesoderm" EXACT [ISBN:9780878932504] xref: AAO:0010568 xref: EFO:0003515 xref: EMAPA:16183 xref: EMAPA:16751 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png xref: ncithesaurus:Paraxial_Mesoderm xref: SCTID:361475002 xref: TAO:0000255 xref: VHOG:0000114 xref: XAO:0000259 xref: ZFA:0000255 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007285 {source="ZFA"} ! presumptive paraxial mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 {source="XAO"} ! mesoderm property_value: external_definition "Mesoderm lateral to the neural tube and notochord that is divided into cranial and post-cranial portions. The trunk portions further segment into somites.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010568", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "Presently, Cephalochordata, Urochordata, and Vertebrata are placed as subphyla of the phylum Chordata, in which the overall organization of embryonic tissues (dorsal hollow nerve cord, ventral digestive tract, axial notochord, and bilateral paraxial mesoderm) is largely conserved. In contrast, the echinoderms and hemichordates are sister groups of the chordates and they lack the notochord and paraxial mesoderm. Thus, the basic mesodermal organization of vertebrates must have appeared first in the common ancestor of the chordates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000114", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/dvdy.21177 Kusakabe R and Kuratani S. Evolutionary perspectives from development of mesodermal components in the lamprey. Developmental dynamics (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003078 name: epibranchial placode def: "Focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches and that produce the neuroblasts that migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia." [VHOG:0000117] comment: Epibranchial placodes-derived neurons innervate internal organs to transmit information such as heart rate, blood pressure, and visceral distension from the periphery to the central nervous system (Baker and Bronner-Fraser, 2001). From rostral to caudal the epibranchial placodes comprise the geniculate, petrosal, and nodose placodes, each associated in sequence with the first, second and third branchial clefts. Each placode contributes sensory neurons to cranial nerves VII (facial nerve), IX (glossopharyngeal nerve), and X (vagal nerve), respectively[NBK53175]. AO notes: in XAO this develops_from dorsolateral placode, but in NBK53175, this is a separate group synonym: "epibranchial placodes" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001294] xref: AAO:0011036 xref: EFO:0003455 xref: TAO:0001294 xref: VHOG:0000117 xref: XAO:0000284 xref: ZFA:0001294 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007497 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! developing epithelial placode is_a: UBERON:0009955 {source="NBK53175", source="ZFA"} ! neurogenic placode is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 {source="ZFA"} ! peripheral nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "Focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches and that produce the neuroblasts that migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia. [Graham_A, The_development_and_evolution_of_the_pharyngeal_arches._J_Anat_(2001)_199:_133-141][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000117", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "These (the epibranchial placodes) are focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches in all vertebrates, and they produce the neuroblasts which migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia. (...) The one substantial difference between the vertebrate pharyngeal arches and those of the protochordates is the presence of the epibranchial placodes but the evolution of these structures was undoubtedly driven by the endoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000117", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A, The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003079 name: floor plate def: " A ventral region of glial cells in the neural tube that provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types. The floor plate is evident at the ventral midline by the neural fold stage[GO]. A structure integral to the developing nervous system of vertebrate organisms. Located on the ventral midline of the embryonic neural tube, the floor plate is a specialized glial structure that spans the anteroposterior axis from the midbrain to the tail regions. It has been shown that the floor plate is conserved among vertebrates with homologous structures in invertebrates such as the fruit fly Drosophila and the nematode C. elegans. Functionally, the structure serves as an organizer to ventralize tissues in the embryo as well as to guide neuronal positioning and differentiation along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube[WP]." [GO:0021508, PMID:15738958, Wikipedia:Floor_plate] comment: Note that although this is classically defined as being located on the neural tube, in many AOs the floor plate continues post-embryonically after the neural tube has ceased to exist. Consider 'floor plate of neural tube'. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bodenplatte" RELATED [BTO:0001720] synonym: "floorplate" EXACT [] synonym: "FP" RELATED [TAO:0000022] synonym: "ventral plate" RELATED [BTO:0001720] xref: AAO:0011041 xref: BTO:0001720 xref: EFO:0003473 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Gray642.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Gray642.png/200px-Gray642.png xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000545 xref: TAO:0000022 xref: ZFA:0000022 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002328 {source="Wikipedia"} ! notochord relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007286 {source="ZFA"} ! presumptive floor plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system property_value: external_definition "Organizing center consisting of a small group of cells located at the ventral midline of the neural tube that influences the development of the nervous system, governing the specification of neuronal cell types and directing axonal trajectories.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011041", ontology="AAO", source="GO:0021508", source="PMID:15738958"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003080 name: anterior neural tube comment: editor note: TODO - add grouping class for the anterior end of the neural tube at all stages xref: AAO:0011012 xref: TAO:0007038 xref: VHOG:0001384 xref: XAO:0000307 xref: ZFA:0007038 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003056 ! pre-chordal neural plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001384", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003081 name: lateral plate mesoderm alt_id: UBERON:0006258 def: "Portion of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo that resides on the periphery of the embryo, is continuous with the extra-embryonic mesoderm, splits into two layers enclosing the intra-embryonic coelom, and gives rise to body wall structures[MP]." [MP:0010117, Wikipedia:Lateral_plate_mesoderm] comment: AO notes: subclass of mesoderm in ZFA. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral mesoderm" EXACT [GO:0048368] synonym: "lateral plate" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral plate mesenchyme" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000919] synonym: "mesoderma laminae lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_plate_mesoderm] xref: AAO:0010574 xref: EHDAA2:0000919 xref: EHDAA:379 xref: EMAPA:16179 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray19_with_color.png/200px-Gray19_with_color.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Mesoderm xref: SCTID:361477005 xref: TAO:0000121 xref: VHOG:0000118 xref: XAO:0000311 xref: ZFA:0000121 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 {source="EHDAA2", source="XAO"} ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 {source="EHDAA2", source="VHOG"} ! mesoderm relationship: surrounds UBERON:0003887 ! intraembryonic coelom property_value: external_definition "Portion of mesoderm traditionally thought to give rise to limb bones and parts of the girdles.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010574", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "The portion of the mesoderm of the trunk of vertebrate embryos lying lateral to the intermediate mesoderm. [...] [It] subdivides into two plates: one dorsal, called the somatopleure, and one ventral, called the splanchnopleure. [Gastrulation:_From_cells_to_embryo_(2004)_Cold_Spring_Harbor, Glossary_XV, New_York:_Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory_Press, Stern_CD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000118", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "A ventrolateral zone of amphioxus mesoderm grows down to surround the gut. Homology of this zone to the lateral plate mesoderm of vertebrates is supported by site of origin and fate.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000118", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.9.4449 Shimeld SM and Holland PW. Vertebrate innovations. PNAS (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003082 name: myotome def: "A group of tissues formed from somites that develop into the body wall muscle[WP]. Somitic compartment that is a precursor of muscle. mesoderm that is derived from the somite that is fated to become the musculature[MP]. Portion of the somites giving rise to body wall muscle masses[ZFA]" [MP:0003939, PMID:17313522, Wikipedia:Myotome, ZFIN:curator] comment: Editors note: The term "myotome" is also used to describe the muscles served by a single nerve root / spinal segment - consider adding new class. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "muscle plate" RELATED [] synonym: "myomere" RELATED [] synonym: "myomeres" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001056] synonym: "myotome region" RELATED [] synonym: "myotomes" RELATED [] synonym: "myotomus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Myotome] xref: AAO:0011067 xref: BTO:0000742 xref: EHDAA2:0003431 xref: EHDAA:1721 xref: EHDAA:1727 xref: EHDAA:1733 xref: EHDAA:1739 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray65.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray65.png/200px-Gray65.png xref: ncithesaurus:Myotome_Region xref: SCTID:344535001 xref: TAO:0001056 xref: VHOG:0001244 xref: XAO:0000315 xref: ZFA:0001056 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004290 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dermomyotome relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm property_value: external_definition "Portion of the somites giving rise to body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001056", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the skeletal muscle of the body axis is chiefly derived from an early embryonic compartment, known as the myotome.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001244", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1038/sj.embor.embor920 Hollway GE, Currie PD, Myotome meanderings. Cellular morphogenesis and the making of muscle. EMBO Rep.(2003)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003083 name: trunk neural crest def: "Trunk portion of the neural crest. The trunk neural crest lies between the vagal and sacral neural crest and gives rise to two groups of cells. One group migrates dorsolateral and populates the skin, forming pigment cells and the other migrates ventrolateral through the anterior sclerotome to become the epinephrine-producing cells of the adrenal gland and the neurons of the sympathetic nervous system. Some cells remain in the sclerotome to form the dorsal root ganglia [Wikipedia]." [ISBN:0815318960, Wikipedia:Trunk_neural_crest] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "trunk crest" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010582 xref: EFO:0003605 xref: EHDAA2:0001901 xref: TAO:0001024 xref: VHOG:0000062 xref: XAO:0000319 xref: ZFA:0001024 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest property_value: external_definition "Post-cranial portion of the neural crest. Exact anatomical derivations not experimentally resolved in amphibians.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010582", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000062", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003084 name: heart primordium def: "Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline to form the heart rudiment or cone." [ZFIN:curator] comment: editor note: should probably be fused with heart rudiment. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fused heart primordium" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011044 xref: BTO:0001887 xref: ncithesaurus:Primordium_of_the_Heart xref: TAO:0000028 xref: XAO:0000336 xref: ZFA:0000028 is_a: UBERON:0001048 {source="Obol"} ! primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003081 {source="ZFA"} ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004140 ! heart field relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007005 {source="XAO"} ! cardiac mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 {source="ZFA"} ! cardiovascular system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from lateral mesoderm (TAO:0001065)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000028", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline between 21 and 26 somites to form the heart rudiment or cone. Stainier 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000028", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The fused aspects of ventral mesoderm, which have migrated from either side of the prechordal plate, and fused ventrally, just behind the cement gland. They will give rise to the endocardium at NF stage 27&28.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011044", ontology="AAO", source="XAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003085 name: ventral aorta def: "The artery in vertebrate embryos that carries blood from the ventricle of the heart to the aortic arches. In adult fish it branches into afferent branchial arteries supplying the gills. In adult tetrapods it is represented by the ascending part of the aorta[BTO]. The ventral aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the gills. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once[GO]." [BTO:0004674, GO:0035908] comment: Taxon notes (via vHOG): "When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them." Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.620. // in Reptiles, splits to form bases of 3 arteries: left aortic arch, right aortic arch and pulmonary trunk. In birds, the right systemic arch becomes predominant, the left never fully develops [Kardong] subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0010412 xref: BTO:0004674 xref: TAO:0000604 xref: VHOG:0000121 xref: XAO:0000338 xref: ZFA:0000604 is_a: UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: channels_from UBERON:0000948 ! heart property_value: external_definition "Outflow artery from the heart to the aortic arches. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000604", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0001496 {source="PMID:2297080", source="Wikipedia"} property_value: homology_notes "When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000121", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003086 name: caudal artery def: "Extension of the dorsal aorta in the tail. Kimmel et al, 1995." [Wikipedia:Caudal_artery, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "CA" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011023 xref: EFO:0003472 xref: TAO:0000011 xref: VHOG:0000123 xref: XAO:0000364 xref: ZFA:0000011 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of axial vasculature (TAO:0001073)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000011", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Extension of the dorsal aorta in the tail. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000011", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The posterior extension of the dorsal aorta to the tail region, which degenerates at metamorphosis.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011023", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-226-55763-4"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003087 name: anterior cardinal vein def: "the two paired veins draining the cephalic part of the body." [MP:0004784] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ACV" RELATED [] synonym: "rostral cardinal vein" EXACT [ZFA:0000423] synonym: "rostral cardinal veins" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011011 xref: BTO:0004387 xref: EHDAA:1312 xref: EMAPA:16355 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Cardinal_Vein xref: SCTID:308780006 xref: TAO:0000423 xref: VHOG:0000113 xref: XAO:0000383 xref: ZFA:0000423 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein property_value: external_definition "The anterior cardinal vein returns blood from the dorsal head and drains into the duct of Cuvier via the pronephric sinus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011011", ontology="AAO", source="PMID:12606281"} property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryonic pattern is retained, and blood from anterior and posterior systemic tissues is returned in anterior and posterior cardinal veins, both pairs of veins uniting in common cardinal veins near the heart. In derived vertebrates, the cardinals appear but usually persist only in the embryo, being functionally replaced by alternative adult vessels, the precava and postcava (anterior and posterior venae cavae).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000113", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.462", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003088 name: caudal vein def: "Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterial cardinal vein in the posterior trunk. Kimmel et al, 1995." [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "CV" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011025 xref: EFO:0003616 xref: ncithesaurus:Caudal_Vein xref: TAO:0000180 xref: VHOG:0000126 xref: XAO:0000390 xref: ZFA:0000180 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from caudal vein plexus (TAO:0001286)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000180", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of axial vasculature (TAO:0001073)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000180", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterial cardinal vein in the posterior trunk. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000180", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003089 name: sclerotome def: "Ventral somitic compartment that is a precursor of the axial skeleton[XAO]. Sclerotomes eventually differentiate into the vertebrae and most of the skull. The caudal (posterior) half of one sclerotome fuses with the rostral (anterior) half of the adjacent one to form each vertebra. From their initial location within the somite, the sclerotome cells migrate medially towards the notochord. These cells meet the sclerotome cells from the other side to form the vertebral body. From this vertebral body, sclerotome cells move dorsally and surround the developing spinal cord, forming the vertebral arch[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sclerotome, XB:curator] comment: AO notes: part_of somite in XAO subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "sclerotomes" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001080] synonym: "sclerotomus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sclerotome] xref: AAO:0010571 xref: AEO:0000212 xref: EHDAA2:0003439 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray65.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray65.png/200px-Gray65.png xref: ncithesaurus:Sclerotome xref: TAO:0001080 xref: VHOG:0000680 xref: XAO:0000397 xref: ZFA:0001080 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005856 {source="EHDAA2"} ! developing mesenchymal condensation is_a: UBERON:0007530 {source="EHDAA2"} ! migrating mesenchyme population relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002329 {source="ZFA"} ! somite property_value: external_definition "Skeletogenic portion of somites.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010571", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The vertebrate sclerotome has no equivalent in amphioxus and is a novelty linked with the evolution of the axial skeleton.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000680", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1073/pnas.97.9.4449 Shimeld SM and Holland PW. Vertebrate innovations. PNAS (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003090 name: supraorbital lateral line def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "supraorbital line" EXACT [ZFA:0000443] xref: AAO:0011103 xref: TAO:0000443 xref: VHOG:0000128 xref: XAO:0000442 xref: ZFA:0000443 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000443", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000443", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The lateral line that is located above the eye. [Butler_AB_and_Hodos_W, Comparative_vertebrate_neuroanatomy:_Evolution_and_Adaptation_(1996)_New_York:_Wiley-Liss_Inc., p.27][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000128", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000128", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003091 name: thyroid primordium def: "The initial thyroid precursor, the thyroid primordium, starts as a simple midline thickening and develops to form the thyroid diverticulum. This structure is initially hollow, although it later solidifies and becomes bilobed. The 2 lobes are located on either side of the midline and are connected via an isthmus." [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845125-overview] comment: In all vertebrates the thyroid arises from the ventral aspect of the second pouch[PMID:16313389]. Note that we follow EHDAA2 in dividing this into endoderm and mesenchyme. In this ontology we place the broad developmental relationship at this level, and include specific relationships to the pharyngeal endoderm at the level of the endoderm subset: vertebrate_core xref: AAO:0011106 xref: BTO:0004709 xref: EHDAA2:0002033 xref: EHDAA:952 xref: EMAPA:16361 xref: EMAPA:16558 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Primordium xref: TAO:0001081 xref: XAO:0000444 xref: ZFA:0001081 is_a: UBERON:0000479 {source="ZFA"} ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007123 {source="ISBN10:0073040584", source="PMID:16313389"} ! pharyngeal pouch 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 {source="ZFA"} ! endocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0003092 name: ultimobranchial body def: "Pharyngeal pouch derivative, usually paired cell masses located in the neck region[Kardong]. The ultimobranchial body or gland is a small organ found in the neck region of many animals. In humans, the ultimobranchial body is an embryological structure that gives rise to the calcitonin-producing cells—also called parafollicular cells or clear cells—of the thyroid gland. In humans, this body is a derivative of the ventral recess of the fourth pharyngeal pouch (or fifth) [WP,unvetted]. The ultimobranchial bodies of lower vertebrates contain large amounts of calcitonin. In mammals the bodies fuse with the thyroid gland and are thought to develop into the parafollicular cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)" [ISBN10:0073040584, MESH:A.13.939, Wikipedia:Ultimopharyngeal_body] comment: Developmental origins vary across species. PMID:16313389 says: the most posterior pouch generates the ultimobranchial bodies in most vertebrate classes, but mammals do not contain this structure // The neural crest is the source of ultimobranchial cells[Kardong]. WP says pouch 4, but this isn't supported by Kardong (table 13.1 or fig 15.5). EHDAA2 says 6th arch mesenchyme subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "corpus ultimopharyngeum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body] synonym: "postbranchial body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body] synonym: "ultimobranchial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body] synonym: "ultimobranchial bodies" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body] synonym: "ultimobranchial gland" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body] synonym: "ultimopharyngeal body" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body] synonym: "ultimopharyngeal gland" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ultimobranchial_body] xref: AAO:0010547 xref: EHDAA2:0002103 xref: EHDAA:2987 xref: EHDAA:9139 xref: GAID:1246 xref: MESH:A.13.939 xref: SCTID:345552007 xref: TAO:0001448 xref: VHOG:0001185 xref: XAO:0000452 xref: ZFA:0001448 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003117 {source="XAO"} ! pharyngeal arch 6 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004117 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! pharyngeal pouch relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007126 {source="ISBN10:0073040584", source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal pouch 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure which includes small, calcitonin producing glands originating as epithelial growths from the sixth pharyngeal pouch.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010547", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The glandular tissue originating from the fifth branchial pouch which combines with the buccal cavity outgrowth to form the thyroid and contributes calcitonin-secreting cells to the gland. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001185", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ultimobranchial+body"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) ultimobranchial bodies that develop in all vertebrates from the ventral or posterior surface of the last pair of pharyngeal pouches. The ultimobranchial bodies are vestigial in most mammals (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001185", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.523", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003093 name: occipital lateral line def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "supratemporal lateral line" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011075 xref: TAO:0000400 xref: VHOG:0000131 xref: XAO:0000458 xref: ZFA:0000400 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000400", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000400", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000131", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003094 name: infraorbital lateral line def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "infraorbital line" EXACT [ZFA:0000524] xref: AAO:0011053 xref: TAO:0000524 xref: VHOG:0000132 xref: XAO:0000459 xref: ZFA:0000524 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000524", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000524", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The lateral line that is located below the eye. [Butler_AB_and_Hodos_W, Comparative_vertebrate_neuroanatomy:_Evolution_and_Adaptation_(1996)_New_York:_Wiley-Liss_Inc., p.27][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000132", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000132", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003095 name: dorsal lateral line def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0011030 xref: TAO:0005112 xref: VHOG:0001677 xref: XAO:0000462 xref: ZFA:0005112 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of posterior lateral line system (TAO:0001471)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005112", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005112", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001677", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003096 name: middle lateral line def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim xref: TAO:0000344 xref: VHOG:0000133 xref: XAO:0000463 xref: ZFA:0000344 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from middle lateral line primordium (TAO:0005118)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000344", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of anterior lateral line (TAO:0001470)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000344", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of middle lateral line system (TAO:0005114)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000344", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000344", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The mechanosensory lateral line system is widely distributed in aquatic anamniotes. It was apparently present in the earliest vertebrates, as it has been identified in agnathans, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, lungfishes, the crossopterygian Latimeria, and aquatic amphibians.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000133", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB and Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.195", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003097 name: dorsal fin def: "Median fin located on the dorsal surface of the organism." [VSAO:0000165, Wikipedia:Dorsal_fin] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "nageoire dorsale@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000165] synonym: "notoptcérygie@fr" RELATED [VSAO:0000165] xref: AAO:0010378 xref: BTO:0004650 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjbzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0001173 xref: VSAO:0000165 xref: XAO:0000469 xref: ZFA:0001173 is_a: UBERON:0008897 ! fin is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003083 ! trunk neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0003098 name: optic stalk def: "The optic vesicles project toward the sides of the head, and the peripheral part of each expands to form a hollow bulb, while the proximal part remains narrow and constitutes the optic stalk. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Optic_stalk] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pedunculus opticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Optic_stalk] xref: AAO:0011077 xref: EHDAA2:0001318 xref: EHDAA:3816 xref: EMAPA:16678 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Gray864.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Gray864.png/200px-Gray864.png xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Stalk xref: SCTID:308788004 xref: TAO:0000137 xref: VHOG:0000223 xref: XAO:0000475 xref: ZFA:0000137 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003072 ! optic cup relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "The evagination from the neural tube of the developing embryo which develops the optic cup at its extremity; the stalk persists as the optic nerve. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000223", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/optic+stalk"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000223", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003099 name: cranial neural crest def: "The cranial neural crest arises in the anterior and populates the face and the pharyngeal arches giving rise to bones, cartilage, nerves and connective tissue [Wikipedia]." [Wikipedia:Cranial_neural_crest, ZFA:0001194, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cephalic neural crest" RELATED [EMAPA:16091] synonym: "crista neuralis cranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cranial_neural_crest] synonym: "head crest" RELATED [] synonym: "head neural crest" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010580 xref: EFO:0003645 xref: EHDAA2:0004420 xref: EMAPA:16091 xref: TAO:0001194 xref: VHOG:0000063 xref: XAO:0001001 xref: ZFA:0001194 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest property_value: external_definition "Anterior most portion of the neural crest. Migrates in three highly conserved streams: mandibular, hyoid and branchial.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010580", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Neural crest that is part of the head.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001194", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000063", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003100 name: female organism def: "Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes." [CARO:0000028] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "female" RELATED [TAO:0000303] synonym: "female human body" NARROW SENSU [FMA:67812] xref: AAO:0010030 xref: BILA:0000028 xref: CARO:0000028 xref: FBbt:00007011 xref: FMA:67812 xref: HAO:0000028 xref: SCTID:362608006 xref: TAO:0000303 xref: TGMA:0001839 xref: XAO:0003005 xref: ZFA:0000303 is_a: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism disjoint_from: UBERON:0003101 ! male organism [Term] id: UBERON:0003101 name: male organism def: "Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes." [CARO:0000027] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "male" RELATED [TAO:0000242] synonym: "male human body" NARROW SENSU [FMA:67811] xref: AAO:0010033 xref: BILA:0000027 xref: CARO:0000027 xref: FBbt:00007004 xref: FMA:67811 xref: HAO:0000027 xref: SCTID:362609003 xref: TAO:0000242 xref: TGMA:0001838 xref: WBbt:0007850 xref: XAO:0003006 xref: ZFA:0000242 is_a: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0003102 name: surface structure def: "Organism subdivision that is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface[ZFA]." [https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/24, VSAO:0000001, Wikipedia:Surface_structure, ZFA:0000292] subset: upper_level synonym: "anatomical surface feature" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003010] xref: AAO:0010337 xref: AEO:0000010 xref: EHDAA2:0003010 xref: galen:SurfaceRegion xref: TAO:0000292 xref: VSAO:0000001 xref: XAO:0003028 xref: ZFA:0000292 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007376 ! outer epithelial layer property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision that is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010337", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision which is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000292", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision which is the collection of anatomical structures on the body surface.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000001", ontology="VSAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003103 name: compound organ def: "Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types." [CARO:0000024] subset: organ_slim subset: upper_level synonym: "organ" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010015 xref: AEO:0000024 xref: BILA:0000024 xref: CARO:0000024 xref: EHDAA2:0003024 xref: HAO:0000024 xref: TADS:0000598 xref: TAO:0000496 xref: TGMA:0001837 xref: VHOG:0001723 xref: XAO:0003041 xref: ZFA:0000496 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ [Term] id: UBERON:0003104 name: mesenchyme def: "Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage[XAO]. A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium[ZFA]. The part of the embryonic mesoderm, consisting of loosely packed, unspecialized cells set in a gelatinous ground substance, from which connective tissue, bone, cartilage, and the circulatory and lymphatic systems develop[BTO]." [BTO:0001393, Wikipedia:Mesenchyme, ZFIN:curator] comment: Editors notes: the relationship to mesoderm is weaker than develops_from in order to have classes such as 'head mesenchyme from mesoderm' make sense subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mesenchyma" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mesenchyme] synonym: "mesenchymal tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "mesenchyme tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "portion of mesenchymal tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "portion of mesenchyme tissue" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010427 xref: AEO:0000145 xref: BTO:0001393 xref: EHDAA2:0003145 xref: EV:0100007 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Mesenchymal_Stem_Cell.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Mesenchymal_Stem_Cell.jpg/200px-Mesenchymal_Stem_Cell.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Mesenchyme xref: TAO:0000393 xref: VHOG:0000170 xref: XAO:0003046 xref: ZFA:0000393 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0009142 ! entire mesenchyme property_value: external_definition "A mesh-like cell arrangement, less compact than an epithelium. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000393", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue consisting of loosely organized undifferentiated mesodermal cells that give rise to such structures as connective tissues, blood, lymphatics, bone, and cartilage.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010427", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003105 name: dorsal lateral plate region def: "Region located near the pronephros and pronephric ducts that is a site of hematopoiesis in the embryo. // Region where blood progenitor markers are expressed. Probable site of definitive hematopoiesis between 36hpf and 4dpf." [PMID:9618755, ZFIN:curator] comment: This class was created automatically from a combination of ontologies subset: uberon_slim synonym: "AGM" RELATED [] synonym: "AGM region" RELATED [] synonym: "aorta gonad mesonephros region" RELATED [] synonym: "aorta-gonads-mesonephros region" RELATED [] synonym: "DA roof" RELATED [ZFA:0005028] synonym: "DA-PCV joint " EXACT [ZFA:0005028] synonym: "DLP" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal aorta - posterior cardinal vein joint" EXACT [ZFA:0005028] synonym: "DP joint" EXACT [ZFA:0005028] synonym: "ventral wall of dorsal aorta" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011008 xref: EFO:0003699 xref: TAO:0005028 xref: XAO:0003051 xref: ZFA:0005028 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm property_value: external_definition "Region located near the pronephros and pronephric ducts that is a site of hematopoiesis in the embryo.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011008", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Region where blood progenitor markers are expressed. Probable site of definitive hematopoiesis between 36hpf and 4dpf.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005028", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003106 name: urostyle def: "In teleosts: Anatomical cluster that is the result of fusion of preural centrum 1 with one or more adjacent ural centra[AAO]; Rodlike caudal bony structure unique to anurans that lies within a compartment formed by the elongated, anteriorly oriented pelvic girdle. The urostyle is formed by the fusion of the coccyx and the hypochord[AAO]." [AAO:0000732, TAO:0000158] comment: In zebrafish, it is composed of preural vertebra 1 and ural centra 1 and 2. The number of ural centra that become fused with preural centrum 1 varies among teleost subgroups. Because of varying developmental origins the urostyle may not be homologous across species.[TAO]. Grouping with AAO dubious subset: uberon_slim synonym: "compound caudal centrum" RELATED [TAO:0000158] synonym: "compound centrum" RELATED [] synonym: "compound terminal centrum" RELATED [TAO:0000158] synonym: "compound terminal vertebra" RELATED [TAO:0000158] synonym: "last vertebra" RELATED [] synonym: "terminal centrum" RELATED [TAO:0000158] synonym: "ultimate vertebra" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000732 xref: TAO:0000158 xref: XAO:0003080 xref: ZFA:0000158 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of caudal fin skeleton (VSAO:0000167)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000158", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_comment "In zebrafish, it is composed of preural vertebra 1 and ural centra 1 and 2. The number of ural centra that become fused with preural centrum 1 varies among teleost subgroups. Because of varying developmental origins the urostyle may not be homologous across species.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000158", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is the result of fusion of preural centrum 1 with one or more adjacent ural centra.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000158", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Rodlike caudal bony structure unique to anurans that lies within a compartment formed by the elongated, anteriorly oriented pelvic girdle. The urostyle is formed by the fusion of the coccyx and the hypochord.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000732", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002", source="AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003107 name: Meckel's cartilage def: "Meckel's cartilage is the bilaterally paired, rod-like, cartilaginous ventral component of the lower jar, or ventral mandibular arch. It is typically resorbed in adults." [PMID:3693112, Wikipedia:Meckel's_cartilage] comment: Taxon notes: functional lower jaw of Elasmobranchii and Holocephali, the embryonic lower jaw of other gnathostomous vertebrates[http://www.briancoad.com] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cartilago arcus pharyngei primi" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "Meckels cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "primary mandinle" EXACT [http://www.briancoad.com] synonym: "ventral mandibular cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001205] xref: AAO:0000289 xref: EHDAA2:0001072 xref: EHDAA:7997 xref: EMAPA:17635 xref: EMAPA:17907 xref: MA:0001580 xref: SCTID:308773009 xref: TAO:0001205 xref: VHOG:0000249 xref: XAO:0003085 xref: ZFA:0001205 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011004 {source="ZFA"} ! pharyngeal arch cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006263 ! Meckel's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of lower jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 {source="VHOG"} ! splanchnocranium property_value: external_definition "Paired, rod-shaped elements that extend the length of the mandible and lie between the dentaries and the angulosplenials. Can be reduced to various extent in adults.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000289", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is the cartilaginous embryonic component of the lower jaw, or ventral mandibular arch. It develops into the endochondral articular and retroarticular bones. Meckel's cartilage is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001205", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In all jawed vertebrates, including fish, the first pharyngeal arch generates the jaw apparatus. The neural crest cells of this arch migrate to form Meckel's cartilage, the precursor of the jaw.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000249", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.16-17", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003108 name: suspensorium def: "(1) the arrangement of bones which supports the jaw from the braincase; (2) in teleost fish, a large, usually triangular, bone which supports the jaw. The teleost suspensorium is formed by fusion of various elements which vary among different taxa." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossarySq.html] comment: Editor notes: requires review, possible split; TAO/ZFA structure is splanchoncranium (but includes some dermal bones as parts). Note AAO also includes 'palatoquadrate and suspensorium' as a class synonym: "hyopalatine" EXACT [TAO:0000444] synonym: "mandibular suspensorium" RELATED [] synonym: "suspensoria" EXACT [TAO:0000444] xref: AAO:0000596 xref: TAO:0000444 xref: XAO:0003086 xref: ZFA:0000444 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 {source="ZFA"} ! splanchnocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0003109 name: parapophysis def: "Endochondral bone that forms from a lateral outgrowth of the basiventral arcualia and connects the rib with the vertebral centrum[TAO]. A lateral or ventrolateral projections of vertebrae to which ribs are attached in Danio rerio. ZFA: They can arise through replacement ossification of a basiventral or form directly in bone. They are separated from the centrum in basal teleosts, e.g., Leptolepis coryphaenoides, Megalops and Elops." [ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO - check subset: uberon_slim synonym: "lateral process of basiventral" RELATED [] synonym: "parapophyses" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001362] synonym: "transverse apophyses" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001362] synonym: "transverse apophysis" EXACT [TAO:0001362] xref: AAO:0000708 xref: TAO:0001362 xref: ZFA:0001362 is_a: UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from basiventral (TAO:0001361)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001362", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of non-Weberian precaudal vertebra (TAO:0001582)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001362", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that forms from a lateral outgrowth of the basiventral arcualia and connects the rib with the vertebral centrum.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001362", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Paired processes, which arise near the dorsolateral part of the vertebral centrum, for the attachment of the capitulum of two-headed ribs.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000708", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994"} property_value: external_definition "Projections on each side of the vertebra from the point where the neural arch lamina joins the pedicel for the articulation with the head of a single-headed rib or the upper head of a double-headed rib. Also called diapophyses. They provide surfaces for the attachment of muscles. In anurans, the term transverse process is used in reference to the processes associated with the presacral and postsacral vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000698", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002", source="AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008", source="AAO:Trueb_1973"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003110 name: otic region comment: AO notes UBERONREF:0000007 has this as a syn for otic capsule synonym: "cranial vault" RELATED [ZFA:0000189] xref: AAO:0010208 xref: TAO:0000189 xref: XAO:0003175 xref: ZFA:0000189 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibular-otic region joint (TAO:0001947)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000189", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000189", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:MAH"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is a posterolateral part of the neurocranium and structurally supports the vestibuloauditory system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010208", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003111 name: sphenoid region def: "Anatomical cluster that forms the floor and sidewalls of the middle part of the cranium." [TAO:0000290, UBERONREF:0000007] xref: AAO:0010207 xref: TAO:0000290 xref: XAO:0003174 xref: ZFA:0000290 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that forms the floor and sidewalls of the middle part of the neurocranium.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010207", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003112 name: olfactory region def: "Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the cranium and provides structural support for the olfactory organ." [TAO:0000351] synonym: "ethmoid region" RELATED [ZFA:0000351] xref: AAO:0010206 xref: EFO:0003525 xref: ncithesaurus:Olfactory_Region xref: TAO:0000351 xref: XAO:0003172 xref: ZFA:0000351 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the cranium and provides structural support for the peripheral olfactory organ.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000351", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:MAH"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the neurocranium and provides structural support for the olfactory organs.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010206", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003113 name: dermatocranium def: "Subdivision of skeleton that includes all dermal bones in the cranial skeleton[ZFA,modified]." [Wikipedia:Skull_roof, ZFA:0000863] comment: Editor notes: wikipedia treats skull roof and dermatocranium as synonymous, but some sources treat the roof as being part of the dermatocranium - see UBERONREF:0000007 synonym: "dendrocranium" EXACT [TAO:0000863] synonym: "dermal bone cranium" RELATED [ZFA:0000863] synonym: "dermal part of skull" RELATED [] synonym: "exocranium" EXACT [UBERONREF:0000007] synonym: "roof of skull" RELATED [Wikipedia:Skull_roof] synonym: "roofing bones of the skull" RELATED [Wikipedia:Skull_roof] synonym: "skull roof" RELATED [Wikipedia:Skull_roof] xref: AAO:0010154 xref: TAO:0000863 xref: VHOG:0001665 xref: XAO:0003169 xref: ZFA:0000863 is_a: UBERON:0011159 ! primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and composed of dermally derived bones.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000863", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium which consists of dermally derived bones.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010154", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7777 {source="Kardong"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003114 name: pharyngeal arch 3 def: "The third branchial arch contributes to the development of the hyoid bone, stylopharyngeus muscle, inferior parathyroid gland, and thymus." [MP:0006339] comment: in XAO, called branchial arch 1 and df VP3 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "3rd arch" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000069] synonym: "3rd pharyngeal arch" EXACT [] synonym: "3rd visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000298] synonym: "branchial arch 1" RELATED SENSU [AAO:0010365, ZFA:0001606] synonym: "first branchial arch" RELATED SENSU [ZFA:0001606] synonym: "first gill arch" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0001606] synonym: "gill arch 1" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0001606] synonym: "third pharyngeal arch" EXACT [] synonym: "third visceral arch" EXACT [] synonym: "visceral arch 3" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010365 xref: EHDAA2:0000069 xref: EHDAA:1080 xref: EMAPA:16399 xref: SCTID:308769006 xref: TAO:0001598 xref: VHOG:0000298 xref: XAO:0000447 xref: ZFA:0001606 is_a: UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch property_value: external_definition "The most anterior, or first, pharygeal/branchial arch, composed of the mandibular process, forming the posterior border of the stomodeum, and the maxillary process anterior to the stomodeum, contains the first aortic arch.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010365", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-02-377110-0"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000298", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M and Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003115 name: pharyngeal arch 4 def: "contributes to development of the cartilage of the larynx, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and soft palate muscles, superior parathyroid gland, and C-cells of the thymus" [MP:0006340] comment: in XAO, called branchial arch 2 and df VP4 subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "4th arch" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000086] synonym: "4th branchial arch" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "4th pharyngeal arch" EXACT [] synonym: "4th visceral arch" EXACT [] synonym: "branchial arch 2" RELATED SENSU [AAO:0010366, ZFA:0001607] synonym: "fourth pharyngeal arch" EXACT [] synonym: "fourth visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000299] synonym: "gill arch 2" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0001607] synonym: "second branchial arch" RELATED SENSU [ZFA:0001607] synonym: "second gill arch" EXACT SENSU [ZFA:0001607] synonym: "visceral arch 4" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010366 xref: EHDAA2:0000086 xref: EHDAA:1663 xref: EMAPA:16760 xref: SCTID:308770007 xref: TAO:0001599 xref: VHOG:0000299 xref: XAO:0000449 xref: ZFA:0001607 is_a: UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch property_value: external_definition "The second pharyngeal/branchial arch; arises as a thickening of the pharygeal wall between the first and second branchial clefts; contains the second aortic arch; forms part of the hyoid bone, tongue and facial musculature.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010366", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-02-377110-0"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000299", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M and Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003116 name: pharyngeal arch 5 comment: A fifth arch never establishes itself in amniotes // in XAO, called branchial arch 3 and df VP5 synonym: "5th pharyngeal arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001204] synonym: "5th visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001204] synonym: "branchial arch 3" RELATED SENSU [AAO:0010367, XAO:0000451] synonym: "branchial arch 3" RELATED [ZFA:0001608] synonym: "fifth pharyngeal arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001204] synonym: "fifth visceral arch" EXACT [XAO:0000451] synonym: "gill arch 3" EXACT [ZFA:0001608] synonym: "third branchial arch" RELATED SENSU [XAO:0000451] synonym: "visceral arch 5" EXACT [ZFA:0001608] xref: AAO:0010367 xref: SCTID:308771006 xref: TAO:0001600 xref: VHOG:0001204 xref: XAO:0000451 xref: ZFA:0001608 is_a: UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch property_value: external_definition "The third in a series of paired bars in the wall of the pharynx, within which are formed the third aortic arch and the cartilage bar of the visceral skeleton, forms and supports the gills.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010367", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-02-377110-0"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001204", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M, Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003117 name: pharyngeal arch 6 alt_id: UBERON:0004349 def: "The 6th pharyngeal arch. contributes to the development of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles" [MP:0006347] synonym: "6th arch" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004075] synonym: "6th pharyngeal arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001205] synonym: "6th visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001205] synonym: "branchial arch 4" RELATED SENSU [AAO:0010368, ZFA:0001609] synonym: "fourth branchial arch" RELATED SENSU [] synonym: "gill arch 4" EXACT [ZFA:0001609] synonym: "sixth branchial arch" EXACT [] synonym: "sixth pharyngeal arch" RELATED [VHOG:0001205] synonym: "sixth visceral arch" RELATED [XAO:0000453] synonym: "visceral arch 6" EXACT [ZFA:0001609] xref: AAO:0010368 xref: EHDAA2:0004075 xref: SCTID:308772004 xref: TAO:0001601 xref: VHOG:0001205 xref: XAO:0000453 xref: ZFA:0001609 is_a: UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch property_value: external_definition "The forth in a series of paired bars in the wall of the pharynx, within which are formed the forth aortic arch and the cartilage bar of the visceral skeleton, forms and supports the gills.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010368", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-02-377110-0"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001205", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M, Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003118 name: aortic arch 1 alt_id: UBERON:0004371 def: "the vessels formed within the first pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis" [MP:0006356] comment: ZFA: The paired aortic arch 1 arteries branch off of the ventral aorta, and empty into the right and left lateral dorsal aortas. // Disappears early in development in tetrapods subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "1st arch artery" EXACT [EMAPA:16685] synonym: "AA1" EXACT [ZFA:0005005] synonym: "first aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000342] synonym: "first branchial arch artery" EXACT [] synonym: "mandibular aortic arch" EXACT [ZFA:0005005] xref: AAO:0010415 xref: EHDAA2:0000007 xref: EMAPA:16202 xref: EMAPA:16685 xref: SCTID:308774003 xref: TAO:0005005 xref: VHOG:0000149 xref: XAO:0000342 xref: ZFA:0005005 is_a: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 intersection_of: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0003119 name: aortic arch 2 alt_id: UBERON:0004372 def: "The first and second arches disappear early, but the dorsal end of the second gives origin to the stapedial artery, a vessel which atrophies in humans but persists in some mammals. It passes through the ring of the stapes and divides into supraorbital, infraorbital, and mandibular branches which follow the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve. The infraorbital and mandibular arise from a common stem, the terminal part of which anastomoses with the external carotid. On the obliteration of the stapedial artery this anastomosis enlarges and forms the internal maxillary artery, and the branches of the stapedial artery are now branches of this vessel. The common stem of the infraorbital and mandibular branches passes between the two roots of the auriculotemporal nerve and becomes the middle meningeal artery; the original supraorbital branch of the stapedial is represented by the orbital twigs of the middle meningeal[WP]." [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arches_1_and_2] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "2nd arch artery" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000051] synonym: "AA2" EXACT [ZFA:0005006] synonym: "hyoid aortic arch" EXACT [ZFA:0005006] synonym: "second aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000343] synonym: "second branchial arch artery" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010418 xref: EHDAA2:0000051 xref: EMAPA:16203 xref: EMAPA:16686 xref: SCTID:308775002 xref: TAO:0005006 xref: VHOG:0000148 xref: XAO:0000343 xref: ZFA:0005006 is_a: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 intersection_of: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 property_value: external_definition "The second in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 2 that is part of hyoid arch.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010418", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-02-377110-0"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003120 name: aortic arch 3 alt_id: UBERON:0004352 def: "The third aortic arch constitutes the commencement of the internal carotid artery, and is therefore named the carotid arch[WP]." [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arch_3] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "3rd arch artery" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000070] synonym: "AA3" EXACT [ZFA:0005007] synonym: "carotid arch" EXACT [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arch_3] synonym: "third aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000344] synonym: "third branchial arch artery" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010419 xref: EHDAA2:0000070 xref: EMAPA:16687 xref: SCTID:308776001 xref: TAO:0005007 xref: VHOG:0000147 xref: XAO:0000344 xref: ZFA:0005007 is_a: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0003114 intersection_of: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3 property_value: external_definition "Aortic arches 3 and 4 are not remodeled but are retained largely intact as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills. These areches are direct branches from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005007", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The third in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 3 lies within the 3rd branchial arch and branches directly from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta, and are retained as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills in the adult.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010419", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-02-377110-0"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003121 name: aortic arch 4 alt_id: UBERON:0004350 def: "The fourth right arch forms the right subclavian as far as the origin of its internal mammary branch; while the fourth left arch constitutes the arch of the aorta between the origin of the left carotid artery and the termination of the ductus arteriosus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arch_4] comment: Development notes: Normally, the left fourth arch becomes the aortic arch, the right fourth arch contributes to the innominate artery[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/899609-overview] in birds it is the right fourth arch which forms the permanent aorta // proximal right subclavian subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "4th arch artery" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000087] synonym: "AA4" EXACT [ZFA:0005008] synonym: "fourth aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000355] synonym: "fourth branchial arch artery" EXACT [] synonym: "systemic arch" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584, XAO:0000355] xref: AAO:0010420 xref: EHDAA2:0000087 xref: EMAPA:17004 xref: SCTID:308777005 xref: TAO:0005008 xref: VHOG:0000146 xref: XAO:0000355 xref: ZFA:0005008 is_a: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0003115 intersection_of: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4 property_value: external_definition "Aortic arches 3 and 4 are not remodeled but are retained largely intact as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills. These areches are direct branches from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005008", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The forth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae, lies within the 4th branchial arch. The paired aortic arch 4 arteries branch directly from the ventral aorta to the lateral dorsal aorta, and are retained as the branchial arteries providing circulation through the gills in the adult.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010420", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-02-377110-0"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003122 name: aortic arch 5 def: "The fifth arch disappears on both sides[WP]." [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arch_5] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "AA5" EXACT [ZFA:0005009] synonym: "fifth aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000352] xref: AAO:0010421 xref: SCTID:308778000 xref: TAO:0005009 xref: VHOG:0000145 xref: XAO:0000352 xref: ZFA:0005009 is_a: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0003116 intersection_of: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5 property_value: external_definition "The fifth and sixth arches, which come on-line at approximately 2.5 dpf, have a common trunk from the ventral aorta and drain to the midline dorsal aorta via an independent route. The fifth and sixth aortic arches supply the trunk and tail with oxigenated blood. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005009", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The fifth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 5 artery is paired and has a common trunk with aortic arch 6 from the ventral aorta, and drains via a separate branch of the lateral dorsal aorta. Aortic arches 5 and 6 supply the trunk and tail with oxygenated blood.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010421", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-02-377110-0"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003123 name: aortic arch 6 alt_id: UBERON:0004351 def: "The sixth right arch disappears; the sixth left arch gives off the pulmonary arteries and forms the ductus arteriosus; this duct remains pervious during the whole of fetal life, but then closes within the first few days after birth due to increased O2 concentration. Oxygen concentration causes the production of bradykinin which causes the ductus to constrict occluding all flow. Within 1-3 months, the ductus is obliterated and becomes the ligamentum arteriosus. His showed that in the early embryo the right and left arches each gives a branch to the lungs, but that later both pulmonary arteries take origin from the left arch[WP]." [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches#Arch_6] comment: Development notes: the distal left sixth arch becomes the ductus arteriosus, the proximal sixth arches bilaterally contribute to the proximal branch pulmonary arteries[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/899609-overview] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "6th arch artery" EXACT [EMAPA:17005] synonym: "AA6" EXACT [ZFA:0005016] synonym: "pulmonary arch" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "sixth aortic arch" EXACT [XAO:0000353] synonym: "sixth branchial arch artery" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010422 xref: EHDAA2:0000102 xref: EMAPA:17005 xref: SCTID:308779008 xref: TAO:0005016 xref: VHOG:0000144 xref: XAO:0000353 xref: ZFA:0005016 is_a: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0003117 intersection_of: UBERON:0004363 ! aortic arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6 property_value: external_definition "The fifth and sixth arches, which come on-line at approximately 2.5 dpf, have a common trunk from the ventral aorta and drain to the midline dorsal aorta via an independent route. The fifth and sixth aortic arches supply the trunk and tail with oxigenated blood. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005016", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The sixth in a series paired arterial connections between the dorsal and ventral aortae. Aortic arch 6 artery is paired and has a common trunk with aortic arch 5 from the ventral aorta, and drains via a separate branch of the lateral dorsal aorta. It forms part of the pulmonary arteries, and in the later embryo, the ductus arteriosis. Aortic arches 5 and 6 together supply the trunk and tail with oxygenated blood.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010422", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-02-377110-0"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003124 name: chorion def: "The outer membrane of the two membranes enclosing the embryo in reptiles, birds, and mammals. In placental mammals it contributes to the development of the placenta[BTO]. Wikipedia: The chorion is one of the membranes that exists during pregnancy between the developing fetus and mother. It is formed by extraembryonic mesoderm and the two layers of trophoblast and surrounds the embryo and other membranes. The chorionic villi emerge from the chorion, invade the endometrium, and allow transfer of nutrients from maternal blood to fetal blood." [Wikipedia:Chorion] comment: Development notes: Extra-embryonic ectoderm[PMID:19829370]. Taxon notes: The chorion of placentals is bilaminar as in reptiles and birds, but forms from the trophoblast and includes the ajdacent mesodermal layer [ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong"]. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "chorion (vertebrates)" EXACT [] synonym: "chorion frondosum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chorion] synonym: "chorionic sac" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chorion] xref: BTO:0000252 xref: EFO:0002780 xref: EHDAA2:0000245 xref: EHDAA:150 xref: EMAPA:16112 xref: EV:0100121 xref: FMA:80224 xref: GAID:1299 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Gray24.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.403.473 xref: ncithesaurus:Chorion xref: ncithesaurus:Chorionic_Sac xref: VHOG:0000200 is_a: UBERON:0005631 ! extraembryonic membrane relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: has_part UBERON:0003265 ! chorionic mesoderm relationship: has_part UBERON:0003374 ! chorionic ectoderm property_value: external_definition "The outer membrane enclosing the embryo in reptiles, birds, and mammals. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000200", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/chorion"} property_value: homology_notes "Structures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes of reptiles and birds appear in mammals: amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000200", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.187", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003125 name: vitelline membrane def: "a structure directly adjacent to the outer surface of the plasma membrane of an ovum. It is composed mostly of protein fibers, with protein receptors needed for sperm binding, binding to sperm plasma membrane receptors. The species-specificity between these receptors contributes to prevention of breeding between different species [Wikipedia]. A protective layer around the egg[FBbt]." [Wikipedia:Vitelline_membrane] comment: TODO - consider GO CC request. GO:0030704-vitelline membrane formation considered a subclass of CC organization subset: dubious_grouping synonym: "m. vitellina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vitelline_membrane] synonym: "yolk sac membrane" RELATED [BTO:0001450] synonym: "zona pellucida" RELATED [] synonym: "zona pellucida - vitelline membrane" BROAD [VHOG:0000720] xref: AAO:0010332 xref: BTO:0001450 xref: FBbt:00000042 xref: GAID:1318 xref: MESH:A.16.631.886 xref: VHOG:0000720 xref: XAO:0000030 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of zygote (AAO:0010324)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010332", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Thin membrane enclosing and immediately adjacent to the ovum. Produced in the ovary.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010332", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "Outside the plasma membrane, three envelopes surround the ovum. The first, the primary egg envelope, lies between the plasma membrane and the surrounding cells of the ovary. The most consistent component of this primary layer is the vitelline membrane, a transparent jacket of fibrous protein. In mammals, the homologous structure is called the zona pellucida.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000720", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.159", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003126 name: trachea def: "The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches [GO:dph]." [GO:0060438, Wikipedia:Vertebrate_trachea] comment: Taxon notes: in mouse 15-18 C-rings, 15-20 in human. [ISBN10:0123813611]. In birds, the trachea runs from the pharynx to the syrinx, from which the primary bronchi diverge. Swans have an unusually elongated trachea, part of which is coiled beneath the sternum; this may act as a resonator to amplify sound. In some birds, the cartilagenous rings are complete, and may even be ossified. In amphibians, the trachea is normally extremely short, and leads directly into the lungs, without clear primary bronchi. A longer trachea is, however found in some long-necked salamanders, and in caecilians. While there are irregular cartilagenous nodules on the amphibian trachea, these do not form the rings found in amniotes. The only vertebrate to have lungs, but no trachea, is Polypterus, in which the lungs arise directly from the pharynx. subset: major_organ subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [] synonym: "tracheal tubule" RELATED [BTO:0001388] synonym: "vertebrate trachea" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "windpipe" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010140 xref: BTO:0001388 xref: EFO:0000935 xref: EHDAA2:0002066 xref: EHDAA:3078 xref: EMAPA:16853 xref: EV:0100040 xref: FMA:7394 xref: GAID:361 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Illu_conducting_passages.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Illu_conducting_passages.jpg/200px-Illu_conducting_passages.jpg xref: MA:0000441 xref: MAT:0000137 xref: MESH:A.04.889 xref: MIAA:0000137 xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViOX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181213009 xref: VHOG:0000371 xref: XAO:0000118 is_a: UBERON:0000117 ! respiratory tube relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008947 {source="EHDAA2"} ! respiratory primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0007196 ! tracheobronchial tree property_value: external_definition "An elongated tube which carries air to and from the lungs.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010140", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The respiratory tube between the larynx and the bronchi. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-29, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000371", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In primitive fishes and most tetrapods, the lungs of adults are usually paired. They lie ventral to the digestive tract and are connected to the outside environment through the trachea.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000371", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.409", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003127 name: open tracheal system trachea def: "A trachea composed of composed of spiracles, tracheae, and tracheoles [Wikipedia]. An open tracheal system is a respiratory system, a branched network of epithelial tubes that supplies oxygen to target tissues via spiracles. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GO:0007424, Wikipedia:Invertebrate_trachea] comment: TODO check if is_a epithelium subset: uberon_slim synonym: "invertebrate trachea" EXACT [] synonym: "trachea" BROAD SENSU [FBbt:00005043] xref: FBbt:00005043 xref: SPD:0000434 xref: TADS:0000315 is_a: UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway relationship: has_part UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube [Term] id: UBERON:0003128 name: cranium def: "Upper portion of the skull that excludes the mandible (when present in the organism)." [Wikipedia:Cranium_(anatomy)] comment: The term cranium can be ambiguous, in that it can refer to the neurocranium, or the neurocranium and the Facial skeleton[WP]. AO notes: the inclusion of the FMA class here is probably not quite correct, as this class includes as parts sutures, whereas this is not part of the bones of the cranium subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bones of cranium" EXACT [FMA:71325] synonym: "calvarium" RELATED [BTO:0001328] synonym: "epicranial plate" RELATED [] synonym: "ossa cranii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71325, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of bones of cranium" EXACT [FMA:71325] synonym: "skeletal system of head" RELATED [] synonym: "skull minus mandible" EXACT [] synonym: "upper part of skull" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001328 xref: EFO:0000831 xref: EHDAA:6029 xref: FMA:71325 xref: MA:0000316 xref: MAT:0000340 xref: MIAA:0000340 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVlEyJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181889008 xref: VHOG:0000334 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA-inferred"} ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003278 [Term] id: UBERON:0003129 name: skull def: "Anatomical structure that is part of the head consisting entirely of cranium and mandible[WP]." [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=2962656&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, PMID:11523816, Wikipedia:Skull] comment: In FMA the skull is divided into orbit, neurocranium (8 parts), viscerocranium (26 parts). Here we have a separate overlapping division into cranium and mandible. // A skull that is missing a mandible is only a cranium; this is the source of a very commonly made error in terminology. Those animals having skulls are called craniates[WP]. Editor/AO notes: in many ontologies, the structure called the cranium is inclusive of the mandible/lower jaw skeleton subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cranial skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "skeletal system of head" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001295 xref: EHDAA2:0000325 xref: EMAPA:17680 xref: FMA:46565 xref: GAID:82 xref: galen:Skull xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781 xref: ncithesaurus:Skull xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjOsZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:110530005 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_part UBERON:0003128 ! cranium relationship: has_part UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0003130 name: arthropod sternum def: "ventral portion of a segment of an arthropod thorax or abdomen. In insects, the sterna are usually single, large sclerites, and external. However, they can sometimes be divided in two or more, in which case the subunits are called sternites, and may also be modified on the terminal abdominal segments so as to form part of the functional genitalia, in which case they are frequently reduced in size and development, and may become internalized and/or membranous." [Wikipedia:Sternum_(arthropod)] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sternum" BROAD [] xref: FBbt:00004557 xref: HAO:0000956 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0003131 name: arthropod tibia def: "A section of the arthropod leg." [Wikipedia:Arthropod_leg] comment: Homologies of leg segments between groups are difficult to prove and are the source of much argument. Some authors posit up to eleven segments per leg for the most recent common ancestor of extant arthropods [1], but modern arthropods have eight or fewer. It has been argued [2][3] that the ancestral leg need not have been so complex, and that other events, such as the successive loss of function of a Hox-gene could result in parallel gains of leg segments. subset: uberon_slim xref: FBbt:00004642 xref: HAO:0001017 xref: TADS:0000281 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0005895 ! insect leg [Term] id: UBERON:0003132 name: arthropod hypopharynx def: "A median tonguelike structure arising from the mouth." [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/279974/hypopharynx] subset: uberon_slim xref: FBbt:00005751 xref: HAO:0000409 xref: TGMA:0000090 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0006562 ! pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0003133 name: reproductive organ def: "An organ involved in reproduction" [UBERON:xp] comment: GO uses genitalia for the singular organ subset: functional_classification subset: organ_slim synonym: "genital organ" EXACT [] synonym: "genitalia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "reproductive system organ" EXACT [] synonym: "sex organ" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17381 xref: MA:0001752 xref: MESH:A.05.360 xref: ncithesaurus:Genitalia xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwO39aJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:128181006 xref: TGMA:0000591 xref: WBbt:0008422 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0003134 name: female reproductive organ def: "A female organ involved in reproduction" [UBERON:xp] subset: organ_slim synonym: "female organism reproductive organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female organism reproductive structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female organism reproductive system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female organism sex organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female reproductive gland/organ" EXACT [MA:0000544] synonym: "female reproductive system organ" EXACT [] synonym: "female sex organ" EXACT [] synonym: "reproductive organ of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reproductive structure of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reproductive system organ of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sex organ of female organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17959 xref: MA:0000544 is_a: UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 intersection_of: UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism [Term] id: UBERON:0003135 name: male reproductive organ def: "A male organ involved in reproduction" [UBERON:xp] subset: organ_slim synonym: "male organism reproductive organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male organism reproductive structure" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male organism reproductive system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male organism sex organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male reproductive gland/organ" EXACT [MA:0000545] synonym: "male reproductive system organ" EXACT [] synonym: "male sex organ" EXACT [] synonym: "reproductive organ of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reproductive structure of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reproductive system organ of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sex organ of male organism" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000545 is_a: UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 intersection_of: UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism [Term] id: UBERON:0003136 name: obsolete tagma comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003137 name: obsolete antennal segment comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003138 name: obsolete thoracic segment comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003139 name: obsolete larval tagma comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003140 name: obsolete larval thorax comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003141 name: obsolete larval abdomen is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003142 name: prepupa synonym: "PP" RELATED [FBbt:00002952] xref: BTO:0001110 xref: FBbt:00002952 xref: HAO:0000812 is_a: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002548 ! larva [Term] id: UBERON:0003143 name: pupa def: "Organism at the pupal stage. The pupal stage is a life stage of some insects undergoing transformation. The pupal stage is found only in holometabolous insects, those that undergo a complete metamorphosis, going through four life stages; embryo, larva, pupa and imago." [Wikipedia:Pupa] xref: BTO:0001143 xref: EFO:0002684 xref: FBbt:00002953 xref: HAO:0000886 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwQCBr5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000070 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000070 ! pupal stage relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000070 ! pupal stage [Term] id: UBERON:0003144 name: obsolete adult tagma comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003145 name: obsolete adult arthropod thorax comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003146 name: obsolete adult arthropod abdomen is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003147 name: obsolete peritreme def: "That part of the integument of an insect which surrounds the spiracles." [http://www.answers.com/topic/peritreme] comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology. term also used for edge of the aperture of a univalve shell synonym: "rim" RELATED [FBbt:00003121] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003148 name: obsolete sclerite def: "hardened portions of arthropod exoskeletons." [Wikipedia:Sclerite] comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "plate" RELATED [FBbt:00004475] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003149 name: obsolete tergite comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "abdominal tergite" EXACT [FBbt:00004476] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003150 name: obsolete sternite comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "abdominal sternite" EXACT [FBbt:00004477] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003151 name: obsolete foramen comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003152 name: obsolete phragma def: "The lamella that serves as the site of attachment of the longitudinal flight muscle [HAO]." [HAO:0000716] comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003153 name: head capsule xref: BTO:0004711 xref: EFO:0001927 xref: FBbt:00004482 xref: HAO:0000398 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0003154 name: obsolete gena comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "cheek" RELATED [FBbt:00004491] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003155 name: arthropod occiput comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology, but this is retained for disambiguation purposes synonym: "occiput" RELATED SENSU [FBbt:00004492] xref: FBbt:00004492 xref: HAO:0000658 xref: TGMA:0000041 is_a: UBERON:0006056 ! posterior surface of head disjoint_from: UBERON:0006054 ! surface of occiput [Term] id: UBERON:0003156 name: obsolete postocciput comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003157 name: obsolete postgena comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003158 name: obsolete tentorial pit comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003159 name: obsolete anterior tentorial pit comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003160 name: obsolete posterior tentorial pit comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003161 name: dorsal ocellus def: "A simple visual organ of insects[GO]. Two ocelli appear on the vertical and one on the frontal plate[FBbt]. The multi-tissue structure that is located on the top of the head, composed of the corneal lens, pigment cell, rhabdoms and synaptic plexus[HAO]. Two evolutionary distinct ocellus types exist [2]: dorsal ocelli (or simply 'ocelli'), found in most insects, and lateral ocelli (or stemmata), which are found in the larvae of some insect orders. They are structurally and functionally very different. Simple eyes of other animals, e.g. cnidarians may also be referred to as 'ocelli', but again the structure and anatomy of these eyes is quite distinct from those of the dorsal ocelli of insects[Wikipedia]." [FBbt:00004505, GO:0008056, HAO:0000661, Wikipedia:Ocellus#Ocelli] synonym: "dorsal ocelli" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "ocelli" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "ocellus" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001758 xref: FBbt:00004505 xref: HAO:0000661 is_a: UBERON:0000963 ! head sensillum [Term] id: UBERON:0003162 name: lateral ocellus def: "The ocellus that is paired[HAO]. The number, form, and function of the dorsal ocelli varies markedly throughout insect orders. They tend to be larger and more strongly expressed in flying insects (particularly bees, wasps, dragonflies and locusts), where they are typically found as a triplet. Two lateral ocelli are directed to the left and right of the head respectively, while a central (median) ocellus is directed frontally. In some terrestrial insects (e.g. some ants and cockroaches), only two lateral ocelli are present: the median ocellus is absent. Note that the unfortunately labelled 'lateral ocelli' here refers to the sideways facing position of the ocelli, which are of the dorsal type. They should not be confused with the lateral ocelli of some insect larvae (see stemmata)[Wikipedia]." [HAO:0000481, Wikipedia:Ocellus#Ocelli] xref: FBbt:00004506 xref: HAO:0000481 is_a: UBERON:0003161 ! dorsal ocellus [Term] id: UBERON:0003163 name: obsolete mouthpart comment: TODO is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003164 name: obsolete clypeus comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003165 name: obsolete cibarium comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "atrium" RELATED [FBbt:00004526] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003166 name: obsolete prementum comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "theca" RELATED [FBbt:00004534] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003167 name: obsolete lacinia comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003168 name: obsolete mentum comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003169 name: obsolete cervical sclerite comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003170 name: obsolete tergum comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003171 name: obsolete episternum comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003172 name: obsolete epimeron comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003173 name: obsolete pronotum comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003174 name: obsolete furcasternum comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003175 name: obsolete prescutum comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003176 name: obsolete anterior notal wing process comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003177 name: obsolete posterior notal wing process comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003178 name: obsolete postnotum comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "postscutellum" RELATED [FBbt:00004588] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003179 name: obsolete pleural wing process comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003180 name: obsolete anepisternum comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "mesopleurite" RELATED [FBbt:00004597] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003181 name: obsolete scutoscutellar suture comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003182 name: obsolete pleural suture is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003183 name: obsolete notopleural suture is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003184 name: obsolete mesofurca comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "mesothoracic sternal apophysis" RELATED [FBbt:00004619] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003185 name: obsolete metafurca comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "metathoracic sternal apophysis" RELATED [FBbt:00004638] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003186 name: obsolete coxa comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003187 name: obsolete pretarsus comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003188 name: obsolete auxilia comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003189 name: obsolete unguitractor plate comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003190 name: obsolete empodium is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003191 name: obsolete tegula comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003192 name: obsolete axillary sclerite comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003193 name: obsolete axillary cord comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003194 name: imaginal disc-derived wing vein xref: FBbt:00004751 xref: HAO:0001095 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000984 ! imaginal disc-derived wing [Term] id: UBERON:0003195 name: obsolete crossvein comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003196 name: obsolete wing cell comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology synonym: "intervein" RELATED [FBbt:00004769] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003197 name: obsolete costal cell comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003198 name: obsolete aedeagus comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003199 name: egg chamber synonym: "follicle" RELATED [FBbt:00004894] synonym: "germarium derived egg chamber" EXACT [FBbt:00004894] xref: FBbt:00004894 xref: HAO:0000287 xref: ncithesaurus:Follicle is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space [Term] id: UBERON:0003200 name: obsolete pedicel is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003201 name: exocuticle def: "The outer layer of the procuticle of certain crustaceans and arthropods, which contains cuticulin, chitin, and phenolic substances that are oxidized to produce the dark pigment of the cuticle;nThe hard and usually darkened layer of the cuticle lying between the endocuticle and epicuticle." [BTO:0001602] xref: BTO:0001602 xref: FBbt:00004973 xref: HAO:0000311 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0003202 name: endocuticle def: "The inner layer of the procuticle in certain crustaceans and arthropods, which is almost entirely composed of protein and chitin." [BTO:0001603] xref: BTO:0001603 xref: FBbt:00004974 xref: HAO:0000290 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0003203 name: obsolete apodeme comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003204 name: obsolete epipharynx comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003205 name: obsolete articulation comment: incorrect grouping is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003206 name: obsolete apophysis comment: incorrect grouping is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003207 name: obsolete arthropod appendage segment comment: arthropod specific groupings belong in separate ontology is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003209 name: blood nerve barrier def: "barrier between the perineurium of peripheral nerves and the vascular endothelium of endoneurial capillaries. The perineurium acts as a diffusion barrier, but ion permeability at the blood-nerve barrier is still higher than at the blood-brain barrier[GO]." [GO:0008065, Wikipedia:Blood-nerve_barrier] synonym: "blood-nerve barrier" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000179 ! haemolymphatic fluid relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001021 ! nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003210 name: blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier def: "barrier in the choroid plexus located in the lateral, third, and fourth brain ventricles that controls the entrance of substances into the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood[MP]." [MP:0006088] is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000178 ! blood relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001359 ! cerebrospinal fluid [Term] id: UBERON:0003211 name: median ocellus def: "The ocellus that is is located medially on the cranium[HAO]. The number, form, and function of the dorsal ocelli varies markedly throughout insect orders. They tend to be larger and more strongly expressed in flying insects (particularly bees, wasps, dragonflies and locusts), where they are typically found as a triplet. Two lateral ocelli are directed to the left and right of the head respectively, while a central (median) ocellus is directed frontally. In some terrestrial insects (e.g. some ants and cockroaches), only two lateral ocelli are present: the median ocellus is absent. Note that the unfortunately labelled 'lateral ocelli' here refers to the sideways facing position of the ocelli, which are of the dorsal type. They should not be confused with the lateral ocelli of some insect larvae (see stemmata)[Wikipedia]." [HAO:0000526, Wikipedia:Ocellus#Ocelli] xref: FBbt:00004507 xref: HAO:0000526 is_a: UBERON:0003161 ! dorsal ocellus [Term] id: UBERON:0003212 name: gustatory organ def: "Any sense organ that functions in (some) detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste (GO:0050912)." [FBC:auto_generated_definition] synonym: "gustatory organ system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gustatory system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of gustatory organ system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of gustatory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of taste system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "taste organ" EXACT [] synonym: "taste system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FBbt:00005159 xref: FMA:77853 is_a: UBERON:0000005 ! chemosensory organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001033 ! gustatory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003214 name: mammary gland alveolus def: "a sac-like structure that is found in the mature gland[GO]." [GO:0060749] synonym: "alveolus of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "alveolus of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "alveolus of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "alveolus of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous alveolus" EXACT [] synonym: "lactiferous gland alveolus" EXACT [] synonym: "lobe of breast alveolus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland alveolus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary alveolus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:73285 xref: MA:0002760 is_a: UBERON:0003215 ! alveolus is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0003215 ! alveolus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001912 ! lobule of lactiferous gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003215 name: alveolus def: "organ part that has the form of a hollow cavity[WP]." [Wikipedia:Alveolus] xref: EFO:0002513 xref: EV:0100043 xref: FMA:82493 xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwN8NFZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0003216 name: hard palate def: "anterior portion of the palate consisting of bone and mucous membranes[GO]. The hard palate is formed from bony processes of the maxilla, premaxilla and palatine[Kardong]." [GO:0060022, Wikipedia:Hard_palate] comment: In FMA this is divided into bony parts and submucosa subset: uberon_slim synonym: "hard palate" EXACT [] synonym: "palatum durum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Hard_palate] xref: EMAPA:18952 xref: FMA:55023 xref: GAID:221 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Illu_mouth.jpg xref: MA:0002477 xref: MAT:0000161 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.502.660 xref: MIAA:0000161 xref: ncithesaurus:Hard_Palate xref: SCTID:245778002 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 {source="EMAPA"} ! secondary palate [Term] id: UBERON:0003217 name: neural lobe of neurohypophysis def: "The posterior pituitary (or neurohypophysis) comprises the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system. Despite its name, the posterior pituitary gland is not a gland, per se; rather, it is largely a collection of axonal projections from the hypothalamus that terminate behind the anterior pituitary gland. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Neurohypophysis#cite_note-1] comment: TODO - compare with UBERON:0002198 subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pars nervosa" RELATED [MA:0000860] synonym: "pars nervosa (neurohypophysis)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74636, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars nervosa neurohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74636, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars nervosa of hypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "pars nervosa of neurohypophysis" EXACT [] synonym: "pars nervosa of posterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "pars nervosa pituitary gland" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_941] synonym: "pars posterior" EXACT [MA:0000860] synonym: "posterior lobe" BROAD [BTO:0000561] synonym: "posterior lobe of neurohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74636] synonym: "posterior lobe-3" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000561 xref: EHDAA2:0001418 xref: EHDAA:7542 xref: FMA:74636 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG/200px-Pituitary_gland_representation.PNG xref: MA:0000860 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_941 xref: SCTID:424523008 xref: VHOG:0001180 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002198 ! neurohypophysis property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001180", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003218 name: ovary septum def: "Septum that divides the ovary, the basal portion of a carpel or group of fused carpels, that encloses the ovule(s)[GO]." [GO:0080126] is_a: UBERON:0003037 ! septum is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 intersection_of: UBERON:0003037 ! septum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0003219 name: shell septum def: "Septum that divides the internal chambers (camerae) of the shell of a cephalopod, namely nautiloids or ammonoids." [GO:0080126, Wikipedia:Septum_(marine_biology)] is_a: UBERON:0003037 ! septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0006612 intersection_of: UBERON:0003037 ! septum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006612 ! shell relationship: part_of UBERON:0006612 ! shell [Term] id: UBERON:0003220 name: metanephric mesenchyme def: "one of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud). The metanephric blastema mostly develops into nephrons, but can also form parts of the collecting duct system.[WP]. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros[GO]" [GO:0072075, Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema] comment: Genes: The positional specification of the metanephrogenic mesenchyme is negatively regulated by Foxc1 and Foxc2. Next the permanent kidney forming metanephrogenic mesenchyme is specified by Hox11 genes. The competence to respond to ureteric bud inducers is regulated by WT1. GDNF secretion restricted to posterior region by Robo2 and Sprouty1. The receptors for GDNF are synthesized in the nephric ducts and later in ureteric buds [ISBN:9780878932504 "Developmental Biology"] synonym: "metanephric blastema" EXACT [Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema] synonym: "metanephric mesoderm" EXACT [Wikipedia:Metanephric_blastema] synonym: "metanephrogenic mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA:5021] synonym: "metanephros associated mesenchyme" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001139] xref: EHDAA2:0004062 xref: EHDAA:4041 xref: EHDAA:5021 xref: EHDAA:5915 xref: EMAPA:17208 xref: EMAPA:17375 xref: EMAPA:29990 xref: SCTID:361529008 xref: VHOG:0000540 is_a: UBERON:0003918 ! kidney mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: induced_by UBERON:0000084 {source="ISBN:9780878932504"} ! ureteric bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "A mass of intermediate mesodermal cells around the distal end of the ureteric bud that gives rise to nephrons in the metanephric kidney. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000540", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/metanephric+mesenchyme"} property_value: homology_notes "When the ureteric buds emerge from the nephric duct, they enter the metanephrogenic mesenchyme. The ureteric buds induce this mesenchymal tissue to condense around them and differentiate into the nephrons of the mammalian kidney. As this mesenchyme differentiates, it tells the ureteric bud to branch and grow.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000540", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.462", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003221 name: phalanx def: "Endochondral bones that are often elongate and arranged in rows of articulating elements, and form the visible part of the digits." [VSAO:0000199, Wikipedia:Phalanx_bones] comment: Taxon notes: In primates such as humans and monkeys, the thumb and big toe have two phalanges, while the other fingers and toes consist of three[WP] synonym: "digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalange" EXACT [] synonym: "phalanges" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "phalanx bone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Phalanx_bones] xref: galen:Phalanx xref: MA:0000304 xref: ncithesaurus:Phalanx xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvolPZpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:290029003 xref: VSAO:0000199 is_a: UBERON:0003606 ! limb long bone is_a: UBERON:0011250 ! autopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 intersection_of: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010701 ! phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! skeleton of autopod [Term] id: UBERON:0003222 name: flexor digitorum superficialis def: "an extrinsic flexor muscle of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints. The muscle has two classically described heads - the humeroulnar and radial - and it is between these heads that the median nerve and ulnar artery pass. The ulnar collateral ligament of elbow joint gives its origin to part of this muscle. The primary function of flexor digitorum superficialis is flexion of the middle phalanges of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints, however under continued action it also flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and wrist joint[WP]." [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_superficialis_muscle] synonym: "flexor digitorum superficialis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_superficialis_muscle] synonym: "musculus flexor digitorum superficialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flexor_digitorum_superficialis_muscle] xref: FMA:38469 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray421.png is_a: UBERON:0004254 {source="FMA"} ! forelimb zeugopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0007612 {source="dbpedia"} ! extensor digitorum communis relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004301 {source="dbpedia", notes="anterior margins on the bases of the middle phalanges of the four fingers"} ! middle phalanx relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001148 {source="dbpedia"} ! median nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006806 {source="dbpedia", notes="medial epicondyle of the humerus as well as parts of the radius and ulna."} ! entepicondyle of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0003224 name: chorion syncytiotrophoblast comment: todo - check xref: EHDAA2:0001973 xref: EHDAA:156 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000371 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 intersection_of: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000371 ! syncytiotrophoblast intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003124 ! chorion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000371 ! syncytiotrophoblast relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 ! chorion [Term] id: UBERON:0003228 name: supinator muscle def: "a muscle which originates on the distal humerus, inserts on the radius and accomplishes supination (rotation of the wrist)." [Wikipedia:Supinator_muscle] comment: TODO: The term "supinator" can also refer more generally to a muscle that causes supination of a part of the body. In older texts, the term "supinator longus" was used to refer to the brachioradialis, and "supinator brevis" was used to the muscle now known as the supinator. synonym: "musculus supinator" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Supinator_muscle] synonym: "supinator" EXACT [] synonym: "supinator brevus" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:Supinator_muscle] xref: FMA:38512 xref: FMA:75002 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Gray420.png xref: SCTID:181634007 is_a: UBERON:0004254 {source="FMA"} ! forelimb zeugopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001520 {source="dbpedia"} ! pronator teres relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001423 {source="palaeos"} ! radius bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001492 {notes="deep branch of radial nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! radial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001424 {notes="Lateral epicondyle of humerus supinator crest of ulna radial collateral ligament annular ligament", source="dbpedia"} ! ulna relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006807 {notes="Lateral epicondyle of humerus supinator crest of ulna radial collateral ligament annular ligament", source="dbpedia"} ! ectepicondyle of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0003229 name: epithelium of elbow def: "An epithelium that is part of a elbow [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cubital region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cubital region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elbow epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elbow epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000430 xref: EHDAA:4168 xref: EHDAA:6214 xref: EMAPA:17415 xref: VHOG:0001044 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow [Term] id: UBERON:0003230 name: epithelium of carpal region def: "An epithelium that is part of a wrist [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "carpal region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "carpal region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wrist epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wrist epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000219 xref: EHDAA:5198 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region [Term] id: UBERON:0003231 name: epithelium of hip def: "An epithelium that is part of a hip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regio coxae epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regio coxae epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000784 xref: EHDAA:5155 xref: EHDAA:6180 xref: EMAPA:17491 xref: VHOG:0000779 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003371 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip [Term] id: UBERON:0003232 name: epithelium of knee def: "An epithelium that is part of a knee [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "knee epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "knee epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000896 xref: EHDAA:5161 xref: EHDAA:6186 xref: EMAPA:17494 xref: VHOG:0000810 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003371 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee [Term] id: UBERON:0003233 name: epithelium of shoulder def: "An epithelium that is part of a shoulder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "shoulder epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "shoulder epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001835 xref: EHDAA:4182 xref: EHDAA:6230 xref: EMAPA:17422 xref: VHOG:0000761 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0003234 name: extensor pollicis longus muscle def: "The Extensor pollicis longus is much larger than the Extensor pollicis brevis muscle, the origin of which it partly covers." [Wikipedia:Extensor_pollicis_longus_muscle] synonym: "extensor pollicis longis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Extensor_pollicis_longus_muscle] synonym: "extensor pollicis longus" EXACT [FMA:38521] synonym: "musculus extensor pollicis longus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_pollicis_longus_muscle] xref: FMA:38521 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Extensor_pollicis_longus_muscle.png xref: SCTID:361820003 is_a: UBERON:0011024 {source="Wikipedia"} ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0008446 {source="dbpedia"} ! flexor pollicis longus muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0011012 {source="dbpedia"} ! flexor pollicis brevis muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001463 {source="dbpedia"} ! manual digit 1 relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004300 {source="dbpedia"} ! distal phalanx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001424 {source="dbpedia"} ! ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0003235 name: epithelium of upper jaw def: "An epithelium that is part of a upper jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of upper jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "palatoquadrate arch epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "palatoquadrate arch epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper jaw epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper jaw epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002119 xref: EHDAA:8027 xref: EMAPA:17943 xref: EMAPA:18971 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0003236 name: epithelium of lower jaw def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower jaw epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower jaw epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001019 xref: EHDAA:7999 xref: EMAPA:17922 xref: EMAPA:18968 xref: VHOG:0000802 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0003238 name: epithelium of superior semicircular canal def: "An epithelium that is part of an anterior semicircular canal [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior semicircular canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior semicircular canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of anterior semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of superior semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of anterior semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior semicircular canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior semicircular canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:7806 xref: EMAPA:17301 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001961 xref: VHOG:0001039 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006937 ! inner ear epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001841 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001841 ! anterior semicircular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001841 ! anterior semicircular canal [Term] id: UBERON:0003239 name: epithelium of posterior semicircular canal def: "An epithelium that is part of a posterior semicircular canal [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of posterior semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior semicircular canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior semicircular canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:7800 xref: EMAPA:17298 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001491 xref: VHOG:0000758 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006937 ! inner ear epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001842 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001842 ! posterior semicircular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001842 ! posterior semicircular canal [Term] id: UBERON:0003240 name: epithelium of lateral semicircular canal def: "An epithelium that is part of a lateral semicircular canal [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lateral semicircular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral semicircular canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral semicircular canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:7794 xref: EMAPA:17823 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000922 xref: VHOG:0000480 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006937 ! inner ear epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001843 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001843 ! lateral semicircular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001843 ! lateral semicircular canal [Term] id: UBERON:0003241 name: epithelium of utricle def: "An epithelium that is part of a utricle of membranous labyrinth [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - check relationships w.r.t macula synonym: "epithelial tissue of membranous labyrinth utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of utricle of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth" NARROW [FMA:75604] synonym: "epithelium of membranous labyrinth utricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of utricle of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous labyrinth utricle epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous labyrinth utricle epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricle epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricle epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricle of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utricle of membranous labyrinth epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "utriculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:4730 xref: EMAPA:17295 xref: EMAPA:17298 xref: EMAPA:17301 xref: EMAPA:17820 xref: EMAPA:17823 xref: FMA:75604 xref: MA:0001204 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002155 xref: VHOG:0000634 is_a: UBERON:0006932 {source="FMA"} ! vestibular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001853 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0002214 {source="FMA"} ! macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0003242 name: epithelium of saccule def: "An epithelium that is part of a saccule of membranous labyrinth [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - check relationships w.r.t macula synonym: "epithelial tissue of membranous labyrinth saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of saccule of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth" RELATED [FMA:75605] synonym: "epithelium of membranous labyrinth saccule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of saccule of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous labyrinth saccule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous labyrinth saccule epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "saccule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "saccule epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "saccule of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "saccule of membranous labyrinth epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sacculus (labyrinthus vestibularis) epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:4724 xref: EMAPA:17292 xref: FMA:75605 xref: MA:0001202 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001771 xref: VHOG:0000633 is_a: UBERON:0006932 ! vestibular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001854 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0003243 name: epithelium of cochlear duct def: "An epithelium that is part of a cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear duct epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of cochlear duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of Reissner's canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of Reissner's canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Reissner's canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Reissner's canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:4722 xref: EMAPA:17600 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000264 xref: VHOG:0000640 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006937 ! inner ear epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0003244 name: epithelium of mammary gland def: "An epithelium that is part of a lactiferous gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of lactiferous gland" EXACT [FMA:74445] synonym: "epithelium of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0001430] synonym: "mammary gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001430 xref: EHDAA2:0001057 xref: EHDAA:6526 xref: EMAPA:17760 xref: FMA:74445 xref: MA:0000792 xref: ncithesaurus:Mammary_Epithelium xref: VHOG:0001088 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {source="EHDAA2", source="Wikipathways:WP2062"} ! skin basal layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0005200 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", source="EHDAA2", gci_relation="part_of"} ! thoracic mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003246 name: epithelium of endolymphatic sac def: "An epithelium that is part of a endolymphatic sac [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endolymphatic sac epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endolymphatic sac epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of endolymphatic sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:7765 xref: EMAPA:17595 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000443 is_a: UBERON:0006937 ! inner ear epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002223 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002223 ! endolymphatic sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0002223 ! endolymphatic sac [Term] id: UBERON:0003247 name: epithelium of forearm def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower arm epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower arm epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000554 xref: EHDAA:4174 xref: EHDAA:6220 xref: EMAPA:17418 xref: VHOG:0001096 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0003248 name: epithelium of footplate synonym: "foot plate epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "footplate epithelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000548] xref: EHDAA2:0000548 xref: EHDAA:5145 xref: EHDAA:6144 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006871 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate [Term] id: UBERON:0003249 name: epithelium of otic placode def: "An epithelium that is part of a otic placode [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: editor note - check ZFA, placemeant, appears to refer to both adult structures and primordium synonym: "epithelial tissue of otic placode" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "otic epithelium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "otic placode epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "otic placode epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001341 xref: EHDAA:510 xref: EMAPA:16197 xref: VHOG:0000636 xref: ZFA:0007068 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003069 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003069 ! otic placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0003069 ! otic placode [Term] id: UBERON:0003250 name: rectus capitis lateralis def: "The Rectus capitis lateralis, a short, flat muscle, arises from the upper surface of the transverse process of the atlas, and is inserted into the under surface of the jugular process of the occipital bone." [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle] subset: organ_slim synonym: "lateral rectus capitis" EXACT [FMA:46316] synonym: "musculus rectus capitis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitis lateralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitus lateralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitus lateralis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle] xref: FMA:46316 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Rectus_capitis_lateralis_muscle.PNG xref: SCTID:244841001 is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 {source="dbpedia", notes="upper surface of the transverse process of the atlas"} ! transverse process of vertebra relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001092 {source="dbpedia", notes="upper surface of the transverse process of the atlas"} ! first cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0003251 name: temporal part of head comment: Editor notes: see UBERONREF:0000007 'temporal region' synonym: "temporal region" RELATED [FMA:63867] synonym: "temporal region of head" RELATED [FMA:63867] xref: FMA:63867 xref: SCTID:362620003 is_a: UBERON:0001444 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of head [Term] id: UBERON:0003252 name: rib cage def: "Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all ribs in an organism." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Human_rib_cage] comment: todo - add child terms; generalize definition synonym: "cavea thoracis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7480, FMA:TA] synonym: "cavea thoracis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Human_rib_cage] synonym: "rib series" EXACT [TAO:0002100] synonym: "thoracic cage" EXACT [FMA:7480] xref: FMA:7480 xref: galen:RibCage xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Gray112.png xref: SCTID:361741004 xref: TAO:0002100 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 {source="TAO"} ! postcranial axial skeleton property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of more than one rib in an individual.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002100", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7778 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003253 name: neck of rib def: "The neck of the rib is the flattened portion which extends lateralward from the head; it is about 2.5 cm. long, and is placed in front of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrC& with which the head articulates. Its anterior surface is flat and smooth, its posterior rough for the attachment of the ligament of the neck, and perforated by numerous foramina. Of its two borders the superior presents a rough crest (crista colli costE) for the attachment of the anterior costotransverse ligament; its inferior border is rounded. On the posterior surface at the junction of the neck and body, and nearer the lower than the upper border, is an eminencebthe tubercle; it consists of an articular and a non-articular portion. The articular portion, the lower and more medial of the two, presents a small, oval surface for articulation with the end of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrC& to which the head is connected. The non-articular portion is a rough elevation, and affords attachment to the ligament of the tubercle. The tubercle is much more prominent in the upper than in the lower ribs." [Wikipedia:Neck_of_rib] synonym: "collum costae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Neck_of_rib] synonym: "collum costae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neck_of_rib] synonym: "rib neck" EXACT [FMA:7576] xref: FMA:7576 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray122.png xref: SCTID:263359009 is_a: UBERON:0001560 ! neck of organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 intersection_of: UBERON:0001560 ! neck of organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002228 ! rib relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 ! rib relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="PMID:15906248"} ! proximal segment of rib [Term] id: UBERON:0003254 name: amniotic ectoderm comment: Editor note: we make the germ layer relationship develops_from, as currently the germ layers are declared to be purely embryonic. TODO - check. WP:Amnion - In the human embryo the earliest stages of the formation of the amnion have not been observed; in the youngest embryo which has been studied the amnion was already present as a closed sac, and appears in the inner cell-mass as a cavity. This cavity is roofed in by a single stratum of flattened, ectodermal cells, the amniotic ectoderm, and its floor consists of the prismatic ectoderm of the embryonic disk—the continuity between the roof and floor being established at the margin of the embryonic disk. Outside the amniotic ectoderm is a thin layer of mesoderm, which is continuous with that of the somatopleure and is connected by the body-stalk with the mesodermal lining of the chorion. synonym: "amnion ectoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "amnion ectoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000117] synonym: "amnionic ectoderm" EXACT [ISBN:9780878932504] xref: EHDAA2:0000117 xref: EHDAA:138 xref: EMAPA:16110 xref: VHOG:0000621 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002532 {source="EHDAA2-via-amnioblasts", source="ISBN:9780878932504"} ! epiblast (generic) relationship: part_of UBERON:0000305 {source="EHDAA2"} ! amnion [Term] id: UBERON:0003255 name: obsolete ectoderm of embryo comment: deleted because the original definition was unclear. Me may reconstitute this and to distinguish extramebryonic from embryonic germ layers. See amniotic ectoderm and amniotic mesoderm synonym: "developmental tissue ectoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ectoderm of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "embryo ectoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:132 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003256 name: obsolete endoderm of embryo comment: deleted because the original definition was unclear. Me may reconstitute this and to distinguish extramebryonic from embryonic germ layers. See amniotic ectoderm and amniotic mesoderm synonym: "developmental tissue endoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "embryo endoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endoderm of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:94 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003257 name: yolk sac endoderm comment: TODO - check xref: EHDAA2:0002215 xref: EHDAA:166 xref: EMAPA:16086 xref: VHOG:0000626 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000478 {source="EHDAA2"} ! extraembryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 intersection_of: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0003258 name: endoderm of foregut def: "An endoderm that is part of a foregut [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check synonym: "foregut endoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000566 xref: EHDAA:524 is_a: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 intersection_of: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut [Term] id: UBERON:0003259 name: endoderm of midgut def: "An endoderm that is part of a midgut [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check synonym: "midgut endoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:987 xref: EMAPA:16257 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001194 xref: VHOG:0001080 is_a: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 intersection_of: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut [Term] id: UBERON:0003260 name: endoderm of hindgut def: "An endoderm that is part of a hindgut [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check synonym: "hindgut endoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:979 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000781 is_a: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 intersection_of: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut [Term] id: UBERON:0003261 name: thyroid primordium endoderm alt_id: UBERON:0005235 synonym: "endoderm of thyroid primordium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:956 xref: EMAPA:16560 xref: EMAPA:25357 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002035 xref: VHOG:0001089 is_a: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003091 intersection_of: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003091 ! thyroid primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 {source="ZFA-propagated"} ! early pharyngeal endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0003091 ! thyroid primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0003262 name: amniotic mesoderm comment: Editor note: we make the germ layer relationship develops_from, as currently the germ layers are declared to be purely embryonic. TODO - check. WP:Amnion - In the human embryo the earliest stages of the formation of the amnion have not been observed; in the youngest embryo which has been studied the amnion was already present as a closed sac, and appears in the inner cell-mass as a cavity. This cavity is roofed in by a single stratum of flattened, ectodermal cells, the amniotic ectoderm, and its floor consists of the prismatic ectoderm of the embryonic disk—the continuity between the roof and floor being established at the margin of the embryonic disk. Outside the amniotic ectoderm is a thin layer of mesoderm, which is continuous with that of the somatopleure and is connected by the body-stalk with the mesodermal lining of the chorion. synonym: "amnion mesoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000118 xref: EHDAA:140 xref: EMAPA:16111 xref: VHOG:0000622 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005728 {source="EHDAA2"} ! extraembryonic mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000305 ! amnion [Term] id: UBERON:0003264 name: mesoderm of yolk sac def: "A mesoderm that is part of a yolk sac [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check synonym: "yolk sac mesoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:168 xref: EMAPA:16087 xref: VHOG:0000617 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 intersection_of: UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0003265 name: chorionic mesoderm comment: TODO - check synonym: "chorion mesoderm" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000247] xref: EHDAA:154 xref: EMAPA:16114 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000247 xref: VHOG:0000620 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 intersection_of: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003124 ! chorion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004871 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 ! chorion [Term] id: UBERON:0003266 name: obsolete nerve of central nervous system comment: obsoleted pending formal definition of nerve, with explicit reference to PNS vs CNS is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003267 name: tooth of upper jaw def: "A calcareous tooth that is part of a upper jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: Note that we follow EHDAA2 and consider teeth part of the jaw skeleton synonym: "upper jaw tooth" EXACT [MA:0001909] xref: EHDAA2:0002129 xref: EHDAA:8045 xref: EMAPA:17938 xref: MA:0001909 xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Jaw_Tooth is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 intersection_of: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0009680 ! set of upper jaw teeth [Term] id: UBERON:0003268 name: tooth of lower jaw def: "A calcareous tooth that is part of a lower jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "calcareous tooth of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "calcareous tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dentine containing tooth of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dentine containing tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower jaw calcareous tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower jaw dentine containing tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower jaw tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower jaw vertebrate tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch calcareous tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch dentine containing tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch vertebrate tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebrate tooth of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebrate tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001029 xref: EHDAA:8009 xref: EMAPA:17917 xref: MA:0001907 xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Jaw_Tooth is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 intersection_of: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0009679 ! set of lower jaw teeth [Term] id: UBERON:0003269 name: skeletal muscle of eye def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a eye [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "eye skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "eye skeletal muscle group" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000486] synonym: "eye skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000486 xref: EHDAA:2923 xref: EMAPA:17844 is_a: UBERON:0003899 ! skeletal muscle of head is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0003270 name: skeletal muscle of leg def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a tetrapod leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "leg skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "leg skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:8291 xref: EMAPA:19144 xref: EMAPA:19318 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000974 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0003271 name: skeletal muscle of pelvic girdle def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a pelvic girdle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "girdle-pelvic skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "girdle-pelvic skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic girdle bone skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic girdle bone skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic girdle skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic girdle skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of girdle-pelvic" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of pelvic girdle bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of girdle-pelvic" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of pelvic girdle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of pelvic girdle bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:8326 xref: EMAPA:18185 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001430 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region [Term] id: UBERON:0003272 name: skeletal muscle of arm def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of an arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:8277 xref: EMAPA:19107 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000142 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0003273 name: skeletal muscle of tongue def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a tongue [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tongue skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tongue skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002065 xref: EHDAA:9146 xref: EMAPA:17883 xref: EMAPA:18879 xref: MA:0001596 xref: ncithesaurus:Tongue_Skeletal_Muscle_Tissue xref: VHOG:0001390 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003899 ! skeletal muscle of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005594 {source="ISBN10:1607950324"} ! head somite relationship: part_of UBERON:0000378 ! tongue muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue property_value: homology_notes "The lamprey head contains another group of muscles, the epi- and hypo-branchial muscles (EBM and HBM), derivatives of anterior trunk myotomes. (...) The origin and the migration pattern of HBM precursors are very similar to that of the gnathostome MPP, especially to that of the tongue muscle precursors. Other evidence of homology of lamprey HBM to the gnathostome tongue muscle is that HBM is innervated by the nerve termed the hypoglossal nerve based on its morphological position associated with the head/trunk interface. (...) The HBM-specific expression of the LampPax3/7 gene is consistent with the homology of this muscle to the gnathostome tongue muscle, or to the hypobranchial series as a whole (including the infrahyoid and possibly the diaphragm in mammals).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001390", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/dvdy.20587 Kusakabe R, Kuratani S, Evolution and developmental patterning of the vertebrate skeletal muscles: perspectives from the lamprey. Developmental Dynamics (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003274 name: mesothelium of omental bursa def: "A mesothelium that is part of a lesser sac [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lesser sac meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lesser sac mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meso-epithelium of lesser sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meso-epithelium of omental bursa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesothelium of lesser sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "omental bursa mehomhelium" RELATED [VHOG:0000441] synonym: "omental bursa meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "omental bursa mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004557 xref: EHDAA:2339 xref: EMAPA:16890 xref: EMAPA:18459 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001299 xref: VHOG:0000441 is_a: UBERON:0005669 ! peritoneal cavity mesothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001341 intersection_of: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac [Term] id: UBERON:0003276 name: skeleton of embryo def: "A skeletal system that is part of a embryo [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "developmental tissue set of all bones" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "developmental tissue set of bones of body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "developmental tissue skeletal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "developmental tissue skeleton" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "developmental tissue skeleton system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "embryo set of all bones" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "embryo set of bones of body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "embryo skeletal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "embryo skeleton" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "embryo skeleton system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "set of all bones of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "set of all bones of embryo" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "set of bones of body of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "set of bones of body of embryo" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal system of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal system of embryo" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeleton of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeleton system of developmental tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeleton system of embryo" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:5047 xref: EMAPA:17213 is_a: UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 intersection_of: UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0003277 name: skeleton of upper jaw def: "A subdivision of skeleton that is part of the upper jaw region[Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper jaw" BROAD [MA:0001908] synonym: "upper jaw skeleton" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000622 xref: EHDAA2:0002128 xref: EHDAA:8041 xref: EMAPA:17927 xref: FMA:54397 xref: FMA:59399 xref: MA:0001908 xref: VHOG:0000429 xref: XAO:0003087 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001709 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region property_value: homology_notes "The jaw joint of all jawed vertebrates, except for mammals, involves the quadrate and articular bones, or the posterior ends of the palatoquadrate and mandibular cartilages; A correlate of the conversion of the articular and quadrate bones to the malleus and incus is that all adult mammals have a jaw joint that lies between the dentary of the lower jaw and the squamosal bone of the skull roof.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000429", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.241 and p.101", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003278 name: skeleton of lower jaw def: "A subdivision of skeleton that is part of a lower jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: in EHDAA2, this does not include the mandible; it includes the teeth and Meckel's cartilage synonym: "lower jaw" BROAD [MA:0001906] synonym: "lower jaw" BROAD [ZFA:0001273] synonym: "lower jaw skeleton" EXACT [AAO:0000274] synonym: "mandible" BROAD [ZFA:0001273] synonym: "mandibles" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001273] synonym: "mandibular series" RELATED [ZFA:0001273] xref: AAO:0000274 xref: EHDAA2:0004606 xref: EHDAA:8005 xref: EMAPA:17910 xref: FMA:54398 xref: MA:0001906 xref: TAO:0001273 xref: VHOG:0000428 xref: XAO:0003084 xref: ZFA:0001273 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001710 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008895 {source="VHOG-modified"} ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lower jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 {source="EHDAA2"} ! facial skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: develops_from anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001273", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: overlaps anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001273", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: part_of anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001273", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: subdivision_of anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001273", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "The ventral portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the lower jaw.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001273", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The jaw joint of all jawed vertebrates, except for mammals, involves the quadrate and articular bones, or the posterior ends of the palatoquadrate and mandibular cartilages; A correlate of the conversion of the articular and quadrate bones to the malleus and incus is that all adult mammals have a jaw joint that lies between the dentary of the lower jaw and the squamosal bone of the skull roof.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000428", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.241 and p.101", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003279 name: endothelium of trachea synonym: "endothelium of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:3082 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002068 is_a: UBERON:0001901 ! epithelium of trachea is_a: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0003280 name: endothelium of main bronchus def: "An endothelium that is part of a main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchus endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:3076 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001046 is_a: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium is_a: UBERON:0002340 ! epithelium of main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0003281 name: mesentery of stomach def: "The portion of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach; from its dorsal sheet, the greater omentum develops, and from its ventral sheet, the lesser omentum." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mesogastrium] comment: todo - check primitive vs developed synonym: "mesentery of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesogaster" EXACT [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mesogastrium] synonym: "mesogastium" EXACT [MA:0001617] synonym: "mesogastrium" EXACT [http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/misc_topics/peritoneum.html] synonym: "stomach mesentery" EXACT [Obol:obol] synonym: "ventriculus mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001922 xref: EHDAA:2999 xref: EMAPA:17024 xref: EMAPA:18902 xref: MA:0001617 xref: SCTID:261623000 xref: VHOG:0000358 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004854 {source="MA"} ! gastrointestinal system mesentery is_a: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 {source="MA"} ! stomach property_value: external_definition "The portion of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach; from its dorsal sheet, the greater omentum develops, and from its ventral sheet, the lesser omentum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000358", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mesogastrium"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003282 name: mesentery of heart def: "A mesentery that surrounds the heart." [MA:th] synonym: "heart mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesocardium" RELATED [MA:0000098] xref: EHDAA:432 xref: EMAPA:16212 xref: MA:0000098 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000739 xref: VHOG:0000353 is_a: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery is_a: UBERON:0005983 ! heart layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0003283 name: mesentery of oesophagus def: "A mesentery that is part of a esophagus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophagus mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesentery of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesentery of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001288 xref: EHDAA:2943 xref: EMAPA:16836 xref: EMAPA:18864 xref: MA:0001569 xref: VHOG:0000415 is_a: UBERON:0001975 ! serosa of esophagus is_a: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000415", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003284 name: mesentery of midgut def: "A mesentery that is part of a midgut [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midgut mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001202 xref: EHDAA:3031 xref: EMAPA:16721 xref: EMAPA:17039 xref: EMAPA:17045 xref: EMAPA:17197 xref: VHOG:0000413 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000413", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003285 name: obsolete limb of embryo is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0002101 [Term] id: UBERON:0003286 name: duodenum of foregut def: "A duodenum that is part of a foregut [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foregut duodenum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000560 xref: EHDAA:3830 xref: EMAPA:17178 is_a: UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 intersection_of: UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut [Term] id: UBERON:0003287 name: duodenum of midgut def: "A duodenum that is part of a midgut [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midgut duodenum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001189 xref: EHDAA:3937 xref: EMAPA:17193 is_a: UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 intersection_of: UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut [Term] id: UBERON:0003288 name: meninx of midbrain def: "A meninx that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of midbrain" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesencephalon meninges" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000012] synonym: "midbrain meninges" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001174 xref: EHDAA:3708 xref: EMAPA:17791 xref: MA:0001058 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001109 xref: VHOG:0000012 is_a: UBERON:0003547 ! brain meninx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000012", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000012", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003289 name: meninx of telencephalon def: "A meninx that is part of a telencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of telencephalon" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon meninges" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001990 xref: EHDAA:5476 xref: EMAPA:17774 xref: MA:0000979 xref: VHOG:0000010 is_a: UBERON:0003548 ! forebrain meninges relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the telencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000010", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000010", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003290 name: meninx of diencephalon def: "A meninx that is part of a diencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninx of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninx of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninx of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000399 xref: EHDAA:5458 xref: EMAPA:17764 xref: MA:0000826 xref: VHOG:0000009 is_a: UBERON:0003548 ! forebrain meninges relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000009", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000009", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003291 name: meninx of hindbrain def: "A meninx that is part of a hindbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhomencephalon meninges" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000011] xref: EHDAA2:0000770 xref: EHDAA:3688 xref: EMAPA:17783 xref: MA:0000987 xref: VHOG:0000011 is_a: UBERON:0003547 ! brain meninx is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010091 {evidence="definitional"} ! future hindbrain meninges relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000011", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000011", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003292 name: meninx of spinal cord def: "A meninx that is part of a spinal cord [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "menines of spinal cord" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "meninges of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal meninges" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "spinal meninx" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001895 xref: EHDAA:2865 xref: EMAPA:17804 xref: MA:0001130 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Meninges xref: SCTID:181097002 xref: VHOG:0000443 is_a: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx is_a: UBERON:0005174 ! back organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the spinal cord. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000443", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000443", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003293 name: gland of oral region def: "A gland that is part of a oral opening [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of oral opening" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of oral part of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of subdivision of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral cavity gland" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral opening gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral part of face gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral region gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subdivision of mouth gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001327 xref: EHDAA:2181 xref: EMAPA:16572 xref: EMAPA:16723 xref: VHOG:0000652 is_a: UBERON:0010047 ! oral gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening [Term] id: UBERON:0003294 name: gland of foregut def: "A gland that is part of a foregut [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foregut gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000567 xref: EHDAA:950 xref: EMAPA:16557 xref: VHOG:0000650 is_a: UBERON:0003408 ! gland of gut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 ! foregut [Term] id: UBERON:0003295 name: pharyngeal gland def: "Racemose mucous glands beneath the mucous membrane of the pharynx." [Biology-Online_Dictionary:http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/] subset: organ_slim synonym: "glandulae pharyngeae" RELATED [BTO:0004849] synonym: "pharynx gland" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001461] xref: BTO:0004849 xref: EHDAA2:0001461 xref: EHDAA:2967 xref: FMA:55075 is_a: UBERON:0003408 ! gland of gut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 {source="BTO"} ! chordate pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0003296 name: gland of diencephalon def: "A gland that is part of a diencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000395 xref: EHDAA:4475 xref: EMAPA:16646 xref: EMAPA:16897 xref: VHOG:0000653 is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0003297 name: gland of integumental system def: "A gland that is part of a integumental system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "integumental system gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000837 xref: EHDAA:6522 xref: EMAPA:17758 xref: MA:0000144 xref: VHOG:0000654 is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system [Term] id: UBERON:0003298 name: roof plate of neural tube def: "A roof plate that is part of a neural tube [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "neural tube roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neural tube roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate neural tube" EXACT [VHOG:0000303] synonym: "roof plate neural tube region" EXACT [ZFA:0001436] synonym: "roofplate of neural tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001270 xref: EHDAA:2891 xref: EHDAA:916 xref: EMAPA:16168 xref: EMAPA:16535 xref: TAO:0001436 xref: VHOG:0000303 xref: ZFA:0001436 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate [Term] id: UBERON:0003299 name: roof plate of midbrain def: "A roof plate that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "midbrain roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000772] synonym: "roof plate midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0000772] synonym: "roof plate midbrain region" EXACT [ZFA:0000355] synonym: "roofplate midbrain" RELATED [VHOG:0000772] synonym: "roofplate of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001177 xref: EHDAA:3712 xref: EMAPA:16981 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001111 xref: TAO:0000355 xref: VHOG:0000772 xref: ZFA:0000355 is_a: UBERON:0003298 ! roof plate of neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000772", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003300 name: roof plate of telencephalon def: "A roof plate that is part of a telencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate telencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000774] synonym: "roofplate medulla telencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000774] synonym: "roofplate of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001994 xref: EHDAA:3512 xref: EMAPA:16657 xref: VHOG:0000774 is_a: UBERON:0003298 ! roof plate of neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the telencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000774", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003301 name: roof plate of diencephalon def: "A roof plate that is part of a diencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "between brain roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate diencephalic region" EXACT [ZFA:0001358] synonym: "roof plate diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000771] synonym: "roof plate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate medulla diencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000771] synonym: "roofplate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000402 xref: EHDAA:1979 xref: EHDAA:2657 xref: EHDAA:3494 xref: EMAPA:16651 xref: EMAPA:16909 xref: TAO:0001358 xref: VHOG:0000771 xref: ZFA:0001358 is_a: UBERON:0003298 ! roof plate of neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000771", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003302 name: roof plate of metencephalon def: "A roof plate that is part of a metencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate metencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000770] synonym: "roof plate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate medulla metencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000770] synonym: "roofplate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001160 xref: EHDAA:5524 xref: EMAPA:17098 xref: EMAPA:17105 xref: VHOG:0000770 is_a: UBERON:0003298 ! roof plate of neural tube is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the metencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000770", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003303 name: roof plate of medulla oblongata def: "A roof plate that is part of a medulla oblongata [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon roof plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon roofplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate medulla oblongata" EXACT [VHOG:0000776] synonym: "roof plate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof plate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate medulla oblongata" RELATED [VHOG:0000776] synonym: "roofplate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roofplate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001099 xref: EHDAA:7614 xref: VHOG:0000776 is_a: UBERON:0003298 ! roof plate of neural tube is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0003054 ! roof plate property_value: external_definition "Roof plate that is part of the medulla oblongata. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000776", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003304 name: mesoderm blood island alt_id: UBERON:0003305 comment: in EHDAA2, gives rise to blood and dorsal aorta synonym: "mesenchyme blood island" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesoderm blood islands" EXACT PLURAL [EHDAA2:0003241] xref: EHDAA2:0003241 xref: EHDAA:170 xref: EMAPA:16115 xref: EMAPA:16268 is_a: UBERON:0003061 ! blood island is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007497 ! developing epithelial placode is_a: UBERON:0007503 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 intersection_of: UBERON:0003061 ! blood island intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0007798 {source="EHDAA2"} ! vascular system [Term] id: UBERON:0003306 name: floor plate of neural tube def: "A floor plate that is part of a neural tube [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Note that although 'floor plate' is classically defined as being located on the neural tube, in many AOs the floor plate continues post-embryonically after the neural tube has ceased to exist. We introduce this class for the neural tube specific structure subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate neural tube" EXACT [ZFA:0001434] synonym: "floorplate neural tube" RELATED [VHOG:0000300] synonym: "floorplate of neural tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neural tube floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neural tube floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0003688 xref: EHDAA2:0001256 xref: EHDAA:2871 xref: EHDAA:910 xref: EMAPA:16165 xref: EMAPA:16531 xref: TAO:0001434 xref: VHOG:0000300 xref: ZFA:0001434 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000300", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003307 name: floor plate of midbrain def: "A floor plate that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000780] synonym: "floor plate midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0000780] synonym: "floor plate midbrain region" EXACT [ZFA:0001677] synonym: "floorplate midbrain" RELATED [VHOG:0000780] synonym: "floorplate of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001164 xref: EHDAA:3698 xref: EMAPA:16975 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001106 xref: TAO:0002196 xref: VHOG:0000780 xref: ZFA:0001677 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002950 ! regional part of midbrain is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass multi-tissue structure (CARO:0000055) CHANGED TO: develops_from multi-tissue structure (UBERON:0000481)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002196", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass multi-tissue structure (CARO:0000055) CHANGED TO: part_of multi-tissue structure (UBERON:0000481)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002196", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Floor plate that is part of the midbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002196", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000780", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003308 name: floor plate of telencephalon def: "A floor plate that is part of a telencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "floor plate telencephalic region" EXACT [ZFA:0000914] synonym: "floor plate telencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000783] synonym: "floorplate of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000914] synonym: "telencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001983 xref: EHDAA:3498 xref: EMAPA:16655 xref: TAO:0000914 xref: VHOG:0000783 xref: ZFA:0000914 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000783", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003309 name: floor plate of diencephalon def: "A floor plate that is part of a diencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "between brain floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate diencephalic region" EXACT [ZFA:0000871] synonym: "floor plate diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000782] synonym: "floor plate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate diencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000871] synonym: "floorplate of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000388 xref: EHDAA:1975 xref: EHDAA:2651 xref: EHDAA:3480 xref: EMAPA:16645 xref: EMAPA:16903 xref: TAO:0000871 xref: VHOG:0000782 xref: ZFA:0000871 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000782", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003310 name: floor plate of metencephalon def: "A floor plate that is part of a metencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epencephalon-2 floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate metencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000784] synonym: "floor plate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate metencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000784] synonym: "floorplate of epencephalon-2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of metencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001158 xref: EHDAA:5500 xref: EMAPA:17093 xref: EMAPA:17100 xref: EMAPA:17258 xref: VHOG:0000784 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000784", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003311 name: floor plate of medulla oblongata def: "A floor plate that is part of a medulla oblongata [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulb floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate medulla oblongata" EXACT [VHOG:0000786] synonym: "floor plate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floor plate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate medulla oblongata" RELATED [VHOG:0000786] synonym: "floorplate of bulb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of medulla oblongata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of medulla oblonmgata" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "floorplate of metepencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblongata floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla oblonmgata floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon floor plate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metepencephalon floorplate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001097 xref: EHDAA:7590 xref: EMAPA:17551 xref: VHOG:0000786 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate property_value: homology_notes "In summary, the available data for tunicates, amphioxus, and vertebrates indicate that a floorplate-like structure was already present in the proximate invertebrate ancestor of the vertebrates and that the genetic mechanisms for DV patterning of the nerve cord were also largely in place.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000786", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0959-4388(99)00003-3 Holland LZ and Holland ND, Chordate origins of the vertebrate central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurobiology (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003312 name: mesenchyme of testis def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a testis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "testis mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002010 xref: EHDAA:8150 xref: VHOG:0001442 is_a: UBERON:0003855 ! gonad mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis [Term] id: UBERON:0003314 name: eye mesenchyme comment: todo - change mesenchyme relationships to precursor_of synonym: "mesenchyme of eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000485 xref: EHDAA:2910 xref: EMAPA:16324 xref: EMAPA:16673 xref: EMAPA:17833 xref: EMAPA:17836 xref: VHOG:0001084 is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest is_a: UBERON:0009891 ! facial mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009920 {source="EHDAA2"} ! optic neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0003315 name: mesenchyme of ovary def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a ovary [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female reproductive system gonad mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female reproductive system gonada mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad of female reproductive system mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada of female reproductive system mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of female reproductive system gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of female reproductive system gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of gonad of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of gonada of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ovary mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001362 xref: EHDAA:8128 xref: VHOG:0001441 is_a: UBERON:0003855 ! gonad mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0003316 name: mesenchyme of yolk sac def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a yolk sac [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "yolk sac mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002216 xref: EHDAA:205 xref: EMAPA:16267 xref: VHOG:0000503 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010333 ! extraembryonic membrane mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0003317 name: odontogenic papilla of incisor def: "A odontogenic papilla that is part of a incisor tooth [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor dental papilla" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "incisor mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "incisor odontogenic papilla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor tooth odontogenic papilla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "odontogenic papilla of incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0001763 ! odontogenic papilla is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001098 intersection_of: UBERON:0001763 ! odontogenic papilla intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010259 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0003318 name: mesenchyme of elbow def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a elbow [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cubital region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elbow mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000432 xref: EHDAA:4170 xref: EHDAA:6216 xref: EMAPA:17416 xref: VHOG:0001075 is_a: UBERON:0003859 ! forelimb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow [Term] id: UBERON:0003319 name: mesenchyme of carpal region def: "Mesenchyme of the carpal region that conributes to the carpal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "carpal region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "carpus mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wrist mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000220 xref: EHDAA:5200 xref: EMAPA:18485 is_a: UBERON:0003859 ! forelimb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region [Term] id: UBERON:0003320 name: mesenchyme of hip def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a hip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regio coxae mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000786 xref: EHDAA:5157 xref: EHDAA:6182 xref: EMAPA:17492 xref: VHOG:0001029 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip [Term] id: UBERON:0003321 name: mesenchyme of knee def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a knee [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "knee mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000898 xref: EHDAA:5163 xref: EHDAA:6188 xref: EMAPA:17495 xref: VHOG:0001070 is_a: UBERON:0003860 ! hindlimb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee [Term] id: UBERON:0003322 name: mesenchyme of shoulder def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a shoulder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "shoulder mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001837 xref: EHDAA:4184 xref: EHDAA:6232 xref: EMAPA:17423 xref: VHOG:0001035 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0003323 name: mesenchyme of upper jaw def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a upper jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "palatoquadrate arch mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper jaw mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002124 xref: EHDAA:8031 xref: EMAPA:17929 xref: VHOG:0001099 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0009891 ! facial mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009526 {source="EHDAA2"} ! maxillary process mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0003324 name: mesenchyme of lower jaw def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a lower jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower jaw mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001024 xref: EHDAA:8003 xref: EMAPA:17916 xref: VHOG:0001069 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006905 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mandibular process mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0003325 name: mesenchyme of pinna def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a pinna [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auricle mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auricle of ear mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auricle of external ear mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auricula (auris externa) mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auricula mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of auricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of auricle of ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of auricle of external ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of auricula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of auricula (auris externa)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of pinna of ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pinna mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pinna of ear mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001469 xref: EHDAA:8981 xref: EMAPA:17591 xref: VHOG:0000747 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0003326 name: mesenchyme of mammary gland synonym: "lactiferous gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary mesenchyme" EXACT [] synonym: "mesenchyme of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001058 xref: EHDAA:6528 xref: EMAPA:17761 xref: VHOG:0001087 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003327 name: mesenchyme of forearm def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a lower arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower arm mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000555 xref: EHDAA:4176 xref: EHDAA:6222 xref: EMAPA:17419 xref: VHOG:0000504 is_a: UBERON:0003859 ! forelimb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 {source="EMAPA"} ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0003328 name: mesenchyme of footplate alt_id: UBERON:0005260 synonym: "foot plate mesenchyme" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000549 xref: EHDAA:5149 xref: EHDAA:6172 xref: EMAPA:17252 xref: VHOG_RETIRED:0001055 is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0006871 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003412 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate [Term] id: UBERON:0003329 name: submucosa of anal canal def: "A submucosa that is part of an anal canal [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal region submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical anal canal submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of anatomical anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:27535 xref: FMA:85399 xref: SCTID:7892006 is_a: UBERON:0001208 ! submucosa of large intestine is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal [Term] id: UBERON:0003330 name: submucosa of rectum def: " The submucous layer of the wall of the rectum." [BTO:0002114] synonym: "rectal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:15034] synonym: "rectum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tela submucosa recti" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002114] xref: BTO:0002114 xref: EMAPA:27083 xref: EMAPA:27323 xref: FMA:15034 xref: SCTID:71683001 is_a: UBERON:0001208 ! submucosa of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum [Term] id: UBERON:0003331 name: submucosa of colon def: "A submucosa that is part of a colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "colon submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "colonic submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14985] synonym: "large bowel submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:27379 xref: FMA:14985 xref: SCTID:61647009 is_a: UBERON:0001208 ! submucosa of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon [Term] id: UBERON:0003332 name: submucosa of duodenum def: "A submucosa that is part of a duodenum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "doudenal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14943] synonym: "duodenal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14943] synonym: "duodenum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:27239 xref: FMA:14943 xref: SCTID:76519004 is_a: UBERON:0001205 ! submucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum [Term] id: UBERON:0003333 name: submucosa of jejunum def: "A submucosa that is part of a jejunum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "jejunal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14950] synonym: "jejunum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:27111 xref: EMAPA:27351 xref: FMA:14950 xref: SCTID:70192009 is_a: UBERON:0001205 ! submucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum [Term] id: UBERON:0003334 name: serosa of rectum def: "A serous membrane that is part of a rectum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rectal serosa" EXACT [FMA:15039] synonym: "rectum serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rectum serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of rectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral peritoneum of rectum" EXACT [FMA:15039] xref: EMAPA:27087 xref: EMAPA:27331 xref: FMA:15039 is_a: UBERON:0001209 ! serosa of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum [Term] id: UBERON:0003335 name: serosa of colon def: "A serous membrane that is part of a colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "colon serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "colon serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "colonic serosa" EXACT [FMA:14990] synonym: "large bowel serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large bowel serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral peritoneum of colon" EXACT [FMA:14990] xref: EMAPA:27387 xref: FMA:14990 xref: SCTID:90132000 is_a: UBERON:0001209 ! serosa of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon [Term] id: UBERON:0003336 name: serosa of duodenum def: "A serous membrane that is part of a duodenum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "doudenal serosa" EXACT [FMA:14948] synonym: "duodenal serosa" EXACT [FMA:14948] synonym: "duodenum serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "duodenum serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of duodenum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral peritoneum of duodenum" EXACT [FMA:14948] xref: EMAPA:27247 xref: FMA:14948 xref: SCTID:1236009 is_a: UBERON:0001206 ! serosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum [Term] id: UBERON:0003337 name: serosa of jejunum def: "A serous membrane that is part of a jejunum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "jejunal serosa" EXACT [FMA:14955] synonym: "jejunum serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "jejunum serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of jejunum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "visceral peritoneum of jejunum" EXACT [FMA:14955] xref: EMAPA:27115 xref: EMAPA:27359 xref: FMA:14955 is_a: UBERON:0001206 ! serosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum [Term] id: UBERON:0003338 name: ganglion of peripheral nervous system def: "A ganglion that is part of a peripheral nervous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: We follow MA in including separate classes for ganglion and peripheral nervous system, even though for vertebrates gangia are always in the PNS synonym: "peripheral nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001123 xref: EMAPA:18371 xref: MA:0001161 is_a: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003339 name: ganglion of central nervous system def: "A ganglion that is part of a central nervous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: this has no subclasses in FMA. In EHDAA2 it has only the cranial ganglia synonym: "central nervous system ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ganglion of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neuraxis ganglion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000227 xref: EMAPA:16658 xref: FMA:83843 is_a: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003340 name: obsolete urethra of urogenital sinus is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003341 name: obsolete urethra of urinary system is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003342 name: mucosa of anal canal def: "A mucosa that is part of an anal canal [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal canal viewed anatomically organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:74654] synonym: "anal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:74654] synonym: "anal region mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal region mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal region mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal region organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical anal canal mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical anal canal mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical anal canal mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical anal canal organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of anatomical anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of anatomical anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of anatomical anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of anal canal viewed anatomically" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of anatomical anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:27531 xref: FMA:74654 xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Mucosa xref: SCTID:362170004 is_a: UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal [Term] id: UBERON:0003343 name: mucosa of oral region def: "A mucosa that is part of a oral opening [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of oral opening" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of oral part of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of oral opening" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of oral part of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of oral region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of subdivision of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of subdivision of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of oral opening" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of oral part of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of oral region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of subdivision of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral opening mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral opening mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral opening mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral opening organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral part of face mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral part of face mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral part of face mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral part of face organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral region mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral region mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral region mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral region organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of oral opening" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of oral part of face" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of oral region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of subdivision of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subdivision of mouth mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subdivision of mouth mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subdivision of mouth mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subdivision of mouth organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:26937 xref: SCTID:362083000 is_a: UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening [Term] id: UBERON:0003346 name: mucosa of rectum def: "A mucosa that is part of a rectum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of rectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of rectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of rectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rectal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15033] synonym: "rectal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:15033] synonym: "rectum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rectum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rectum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rectum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:27081 xref: EMAPA:27319 xref: FMA:15033 xref: SCTID:362167003 is_a: UBERON:0001207 ! mucosa of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum [Term] id: UBERON:0003350 name: epithelium of mucosa def: "A layer of epithelial cells on the surface of the mucosa." [BTO:0003752] synonym: "lamina epithelialis mucosa" RELATED [BTO:0003752] synonym: "lamina epithelialis mucosae" RELATED [BTO:0003752] xref: BTO:0003752 xref: EMAPA:18668 xref: EMAPA:18835 xref: EMAPA:18857 xref: EMAPA:18862 xref: EMAPA:18868 xref: EMAPA:18893 xref: EMAPA:18899 xref: EMAPA:18912 xref: EMAPA:18917 xref: EMAPA:18927 xref: EMAPA:18934 xref: EMAPA:18941 xref: EMAPA:19078 xref: EMAPA:26961 xref: EMAPA:26985 xref: EMAPA:27019 xref: EMAPA:27033 xref: EMAPA:27047 xref: EMAPA:27061 xref: EMAPA:27075 xref: EMAPA:27089 xref: EMAPA:27103 xref: EMAPA:27131 xref: EMAPA:27145 xref: EMAPA:27159 xref: EMAPA:27175 xref: EMAPA:27191 xref: EMAPA:27207 xref: EMAPA:27219 xref: EMAPA:27229 xref: EMAPA:27307 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000344 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0003351 name: pharyngeal epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a pharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "epithelial tissue of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharynx epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:16551 xref: EMAPA:16708 xref: MA:0002725 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001460 xref: TAO:0001174 xref: XAO:0003202 xref: ZFA:0001174 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="ZFA"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004807 ! respiratory system epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 {source="ZFA"} ! early pharyngeal endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 {source="ZFA"} ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx property_value: external_definition "Epithelium lining the pharynx consisting largely of simple columnar epithelium with a short segment (1mm) of stratified squamous epithelium on the ventral side. Chen et al, 2007.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001174", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003352 name: epithelium of midgut synonym: "epithelial tissue of midgut" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midgut epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midgut epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0005053] synonym: "midgut epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0005053 xref: EHDAA2:0001195 xref: EMAPA:16569 is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 {source="BTO"} ! midgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut [Term] id: UBERON:0003353 name: epithelium of hindgut def: "An epithelium that is part of a hindgut [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of hindgut" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindgut epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindgut epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000782 xref: EMAPA:16717 is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut [Term] id: UBERON:0003354 name: epithelium of rectum def: "An epithelium that is part of a rectum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of rectum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rectal epithelium" EXACT [FMA:17510] synonym: "rectum epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rectum epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001594 xref: EMAPA:17898 xref: FMA:17510 xref: VHOG:0001037 xref: WBbt:0005800 is_a: UBERON:0001278 ! epithelium of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum [Term] id: UBERON:0003355 name: epithelium of incisor def: "An epithelium that is part of a incisor tooth [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of incisor" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor tooth epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor tooth epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17919 xref: EMAPA:17940 is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001098 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0003356 name: epithelium of nasal septum def: "An epithelium that is part of a nasal septum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of nasal septum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal septum epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal septum epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18442 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004807 ! respiratory system epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum [Term] id: UBERON:0003357 name: epithelium of tongue def: "An epithelium that is part of a tongue [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: examples: tongue squamous epithelium, keratined, non-keratinized and parakeratinized epithelium, as well as gustatory epithelium. Note that not all these subtypes are named in individual anatomy ontologies. synonym: "epithelial tissue of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lingual epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0000992] synonym: "tongue epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tongue epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000992 xref: EHDAA2:0004598 xref: EMAPA:17881 xref: EMAPA:18872 xref: MA:0001592 xref: ncithesaurus:Tongue_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0003358 name: epithelium of soft palate def: "An epithelium that is part of a soft palate [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of soft palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "soft palate epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "soft palate epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18950 is_a: UBERON:0003235 ! epithelium of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate [Term] id: UBERON:0003359 name: epithelium of submandibular gland def: "An epithelium that is part of a submandibular gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of submandibular gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submandibular gland duct epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0004557] synonym: "submandibular gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submandibular gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004557 xref: EMAPA:18813 xref: VHOG:0000989 is_a: UBERON:0004809 ! salivary gland epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001736 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003360 name: epithelium of parotid gland def: "An epithelium that is part of a parotid gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of parotid gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of parotid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of parotid gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parotid epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parotid epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parotid gland duct epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0004555] synonym: "parotid gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parotid gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004555 xref: EMAPA:18538 xref: VHOG:0001434 is_a: UBERON:0004809 ! salivary gland epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003361 name: epithelium of sublingual gland def: "An epithelium that is part of a sublingual gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus sublingualis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus sublingualis epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of ductus sublingualis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of Rivinus'gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of sublingual gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of ductus sublingualis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of Rivinus'gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Rivinus'gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Rivinus'gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sublingual gland duct epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0004559] synonym: "sublingual gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sublingual gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004559 xref: EMAPA:18810 xref: VHOG:0001098 is_a: UBERON:0004809 ! salivary gland epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001832 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003362 name: epithelium of endolymphatic duct def: "An epithelium that is part of a endolymphatic duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endolymphatic duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endolymphatic duct epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of endolymphatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18582 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006937 ! inner ear epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001860 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0003363 name: epithelium of ductus reuniens def: "An epithelium that is part of a ductus reuniens [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus reuniens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus reuniens epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of ductus reuniens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17289 is_a: UBERON:0006932 ! vestibular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001861 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001861 ! ductus reuniens relationship: part_of UBERON:0001861 ! ductus reuniens [Term] id: UBERON:0003364 name: epithelium of right lung def: "An epithelium that is part of a right lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right lung epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right lung epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17663 is_a: UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003365 name: epithelium of left lung def: "An epithelium that is part of a left lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left lung epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left lung epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17655 is_a: UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003366 name: epithelium of uterine horn def: "An epithelium that is part of a uterine horn [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of uterine horn" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine horn epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine horn epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:29030 is_a: UBERON:0006955 ! uterine epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002247 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002247 ! uterine horn relationship: part_of UBERON:0002247 ! uterine horn [Term] id: UBERON:0003367 name: epithelium of vomeronasal organ def: "An epithelium that is part of a vomeronasal organ [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of Jacobson's organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of vomeronasal organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of Jacobson's organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Jacobson's organ epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Jacobson's organ epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vomeronasal epithelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004102] synonym: "vomeronasal organ epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vomeronasal organ epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vomeronasal organ sensory epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001328] xref: EHDAA2:0004102 xref: EMAPA:18444 xref: MA:0001328 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004807 ! respiratory system epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002255 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002255 ! vomeronasal organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001997 {source="EHDAA2"} ! olfactory epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002255 ! vomeronasal organ [Term] id: UBERON:0003368 name: epithelium of hard palate def: "An epithelium that is part of a hard palate [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of hard palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hard palate epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hard palate epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18953 is_a: UBERON:0003235 ! epithelium of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0003369 name: fossa ovalis of heart def: "Found in the right atrium of the heart, the fossa ovalis is an embryonic remnant of the foramen ovale, which normally closes shortly after birth. In a heart specimen of a neonate, the fossa ovalis is translucent, but later in life the membrane thickens." [Wikipedia:Fossa_ovalis_(heart)] synonym: "fossa ovalis" EXACT [FMA:9246] synonym: "oval fossa" EXACT [FMA:9246] xref: FMA:9246 xref: SCTID:277719009 is_a: UBERON:0006984 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical surface relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004754 {source="Wikipedia"} ! foramen ovale of heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0003371 name: pelvic appendage bud ectoderm alt_id: UBERON:0005232 synonym: "hindlimb bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "hindlimb ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0001048] synonym: "hindlimb ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [VHOG:0001048] synonym: "leg ectoderm" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower limb bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [EHDAA2:0001034] synonym: "pelvic fin bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [] xref: EHDAA2:0001034 xref: EMAPA:17254 xref: VHOG:0001048 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: surrounds UBERON:0005420 intersection_of: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud relationship: surrounds UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud [Term] id: UBERON:0003372 name: pectoral appendage bud ectoderm alt_id: UBERON:0005231 alt_id: UBERON:0005663 synonym: "arm ectoderm" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forelimb bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "forelimb ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [VHOG:0001047] synonym: "pectoral fin bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "upper limb bud ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [EHDAA2:0002134] synonym: "wing ectoderm" NARROW SENSU [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782] xref: EHDAA2:0002134 xref: EMAPA:17243 xref: VHOG:0001047 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: surrounds UBERON:0005419 intersection_of: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud relationship: surrounds UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud [Term] id: UBERON:0003373 name: ectoderm of footplate xref: EMAPA:17250 is_a: UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0006871 intersection_of: UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate relationship: part_of UBERON:0006871 ! footplate [Term] id: UBERON:0003374 name: chorionic ectoderm synonym: "chorion ectoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:16113 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 intersection_of: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003124 ! chorion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 ! chorion [Term] id: UBERON:0003378 name: cardiac muscle of auricular region synonym: "auricular region heart muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of auricle" EXACT [FMA:84279] xref: FMA:84279 is_a: UBERON:0004490 ! cardiac muscle tissue of atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006618 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region [Term] id: UBERON:0003379 name: cardiac muscle of right atrium def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right atrium [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac right atrium textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart right atrium textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium myocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0001227] synonym: "right atrium myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium of heart textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right cardiac atrium textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of cardiac right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of heart right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of right atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of right atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of right cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004155 xref: EMAPA:17326 xref: FMA:7282 xref: VHOG:0001227 is_a: UBERON:0004490 ! cardiac muscle tissue of atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0003380 name: cardiac muscle of left atrium def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left atrium [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac left atrium textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart left atrium textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium myocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0001225] synonym: "left atrium myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium of heart textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left atrium textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left cardiac atrium textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of cardiac left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of heart left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of left atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of left atrium of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of left cardiac atrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004154 xref: EMAPA:17320 xref: FMA:7285 xref: VHOG:0001225 is_a: UBERON:0004490 ! cardiac muscle tissue of atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002079 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0003381 name: cardiac muscle of right ventricle def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of right ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83452] synonym: "right ventricle cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0001236] synonym: "right ventricular cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [GO:0003221] xref: EMAPA:17342 xref: FMA:83452 xref: VHOG:0001236 is_a: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0003382 name: cardiac muscle of left ventricle def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83453] synonym: "left ventricle cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0001234] synonym: "left ventricular cardiac muscle tissue" EXACT [GO:0003220] xref: EMAPA:17339 xref: FMA:83453 xref: VHOG:0001234 is_a: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0003383 name: cardiac muscle of interventricular septum def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a interventricular septum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:84084] synonym: "interventricular septum cardiac muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0000999] synonym: "interventricular septum heart muscle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004158] synonym: "interventricular septum myocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0000999] xref: EHDAA2:0004158 xref: EMAPA:17335 xref: FMA:84084 xref: VHOG:0000999 is_a: UBERON:0004492 ! cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac septum is_a: UBERON:0004667 ! interventricular septum muscular part relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum [Term] id: UBERON:0003384 name: skeletal muscle of pharynx def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a pharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharynx skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharynx skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18963 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004830 ! respiratory system skeletal muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0003385 name: skeletal muscle of mesenchyme def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a mesenchyme [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19066 xref: EMAPA:19071 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003104 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0003386 name: smooth muscle of eye def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a eye [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ocular smooth muscle" EXACT [MA:0001268] xref: EMAPA:18807 xref: MA:0001268 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0003387 name: smooth muscle of trachea alt_id: UBERON:0004244 def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a trachea [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea smooth muscle" EXACT [MA:0001863] synonym: "tracheal smooth muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001391] xref: BTO:0001391 xref: EMAPA:19192 xref: FMA:262010 xref: MA:0001863 xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0004233 ! lower respiratory tract smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0003388 name: mesothelium of pericardial cavity def: "A mesothelium that is part of a pericardial cavity [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of pericardial sac meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of pericardial sac mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meso-epithelium of cavity of pericardial sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meso-epithelium of pericardial cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesothelium of cavity of pericardial sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pericardial cavity meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pericardial cavity mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18449 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001436 is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001074 intersection_of: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001074 ! pericardial cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001074 ! pericardial cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0003389 name: mesothelium of diaphragm def: "A mesothelium that is part of a diaphragm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diaphragm meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diaphragm mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meso-epithelium of diaphragm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meso-epithelium of thoracic diaphragm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesothelium of thoracic diaphragm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic diaphragm meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic diaphragm mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18429 is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium is_a: UBERON:0004807 ! respiratory system epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001103 intersection_of: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm [Term] id: UBERON:0003390 name: mesothelium of pleural cavity def: "A mesothelium that is part of a pleural cavity [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meso-epithelium of pleural cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pleural cavity meso-epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pleural cavity mesothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0003155 xref: EHDAA2:0001476 xref: EMAPA:18463 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium is_a: UBERON:0004815 ! lower respiratory tract epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002402 intersection_of: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0003393 name: mesentery of urinary system def: "A mesentery that is part of a urinary system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "excretory system mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesentery of excretory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesentery of renal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesentery of systema urinaria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal system mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "systema urinaria mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary system mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17367 is_a: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003394 name: mesentery of hindgut def: "A mesentery that is part of a hindgut [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindgut mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:16718 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut [Term] id: UBERON:0003395 name: mesentery of rectum def: "A mesentery that is part of a rectum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rectum mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18664 xref: EMAPA:18929 is_a: UBERON:0003334 ! serosa of rectum is_a: UBERON:0004854 ! gastrointestinal system mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum [Term] id: UBERON:0003396 name: mesentery of colon def: "A mesentery that is part of a colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "colon mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large bowel mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestinal mesentery" EXACT [FMA:14645] synonym: "mesentery of large bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesentery of large intestine" EXACT [FMA:14645] xref: EMAPA:18942 xref: FMA:14645 xref: SCTID:245457004 is_a: UBERON:0003335 ! serosa of colon is_a: UBERON:0004854 ! gastrointestinal system mesentery is_a: UBERON:0007826 {source="FMA"} ! peritoneal mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 ! colon [Term] id: UBERON:0003397 name: mesentery of duodenum def: "A mesentery that is part of a duodenum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "duodenum mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19081 is_a: UBERON:0001170 ! mesentery of small intestine is_a: UBERON:0003336 ! serosa of duodenum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum [Term] id: UBERON:0003398 name: mesentery of jejunum def: "A mesentery that is part of a jejunum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "jejunal mesentery" EXACT [] synonym: "jejunum mesentery" EXACT [] synonym: "mesojejunum" EXACT [http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/misc_topics/peritoneum.html] xref: EMAPA:18670 xref: EMAPA:18937 xref: FMA:14651 xref: SCTID:261286003 is_a: UBERON:0001170 ! mesentery of small intestine is_a: UBERON:0003337 ! serosa of jejunum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002115 ! jejunum [Term] id: UBERON:0003403 name: skin of forearm def: "A zone of skin that is part of a lower arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forearm skin" EXACT [FMA:38265] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower arm skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18056 xref: FMA:38265 xref: MA:0000602 xref: SCTID:181537008 is_a: UBERON:0002427 ! arm skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0003404 name: lobar bronchus of right lung def: "A lobar bronchus that is part of a right lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right lung lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right lung secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17664 xref: SCTID:245511004 is_a: UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003405 name: lobar bronchus of left lung def: "A lobar bronchus that is part of a left lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left lung lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left lung secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17388 xref: EMAPA:17656 xref: SCTID:245510003 is_a: UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003406 name: cartilage of respiratory system def: "A cartilage that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18694 xref: MA:0001818 is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003570 ! respiratory system connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003407 name: cartilage of nasal septum def: "A cartilage that is part of a nasal septum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilago septal nasi" EXACT [FMA:59503] synonym: "nasal septum cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "septal nasal cartilage" EXACT [FMA:59503] xref: EMAPA:25091 xref: FMA:59503 is_a: UBERON:0001823 ! nasal cartilage is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum [Term] id: UBERON:0003408 name: gland of gut def: "A gland that is part of a digestive tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive tract gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of digestive tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of lower gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gut gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower gastrointestinal tract gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18815 is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0003409 name: gland of tongue def: "A gland that is part of a tongue [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tongue gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:25097 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0010047 ! oral gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0003410 name: oropharyngeal gland def: "A gland that is part of a oropharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "gland of oral part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of oropharynx" EXACT [EMAPA:25095] synonym: "oral part of pharynx gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oropharynx gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:25095 is_a: UBERON:0003295 ! pharyngeal gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0003411 name: mesenchyme of amnion def: "A mesenchyme that is part of an amnion [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "amnion mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:16265 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010333 ! extraembryonic membrane mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000305 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000305 ! amnion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000305 ! amnion [Term] id: UBERON:0003412 name: pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme synonym: "leg mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower limb bud mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001035] synonym: "mesoderm pelvic fin bud" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0001386] synonym: "pelvic fin bud mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [] xref: EHDAA2:0001035 xref: EMAPA:17255 xref: TAO:0001386 xref: ZFA:0001386 is_a: UBERON:0010329 ! limb/fin bud mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005420 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005730 ! pelvic appendage field relationship: part_of UBERON:0005420 ! pelvic appendage bud property_value: external_definition "Mesoderm part of pelvic fin bud.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001386", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003413 name: pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme alt_id: UBERON:0005703 synonym: "arm mesenchyme" NARROW [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesoderm pectoral fin bud" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0000789] synonym: "pectoral fin bud mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "upper limb bud mesenchyme" NARROW [EHDAA2:0002135] synonym: "wing mesenchyme" NARROW [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002135 xref: EHDAA:1703 xref: EMAPA:17244 xref: TAO:0000789 xref: ZFA:0000789 is_a: UBERON:0010329 ! limb/fin bud mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005419 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005729 ! pectoral appendage field relationship: part_of UBERON:0005419 ! pectoral appendage bud property_value: external_definition "Mesoderm that is part of the pectoral fin bud.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000789", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003414 name: mesenchyme of mandible def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a mandible [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower jaw mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of ventral mandibular arch mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower jaw mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of ventral mandibular arch mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower jaw bone mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower jaw bone organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mandible mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mandibulla mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of bone of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of bone of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of bone organ of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of bone organ of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of lower jaw bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of lower jaw bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of mandibulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of ventral mandibular arch bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of ventral mandibular arch bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch bone mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch bone organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17912 is_a: UBERON:0003324 ! mesenchyme of lower jaw is_a: UBERON:0009891 ! facial mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0003415 name: mesenchyme of nasal septum def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a nasal septum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal septum mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18443 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0009891 ! facial mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum [Term] id: UBERON:0003416 name: mesenchyme of tongue def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a tongue [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - develops_from synonym: "tongue mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004614] xref: EHDAA2:0004614 xref: EMAPA:17882 xref: EMAPA:18878 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0003417 name: mesenchyme of soft palate def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a soft palate [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "soft palate mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18951 is_a: UBERON:0003323 ! mesenchyme of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate [Term] id: UBERON:0003418 name: mesenchyme of submandibular gland def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a submandibular gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submandibular gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18814 xref: VHOG:0001110 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001736 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003419 name: mesenchyme of parotid def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a parotid gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of parotid gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parotid gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parotid mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18539 xref: VHOG:0001435 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0009891 ! facial mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003420 name: mesenchyme of sublingual gland def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a sublingual gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus sublingualis mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of ductus sublingualis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of Rivinus'gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Rivinus'gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sublingual gland mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18811 xref: VHOG:0001106 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001832 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003421 name: mesenchyme of vomeronasal organ def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a vomeronasal organ [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Jacobson's organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of Jacobson's organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vomeronasal mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004103] synonym: "vomeronasal organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004103 xref: EMAPA:18445 is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest is_a: UBERON:0009891 ! facial mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002255 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002255 ! vomeronasal organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009204 {source="EHDAA2"} ! medial nasal process mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002255 ! vomeronasal organ [Term] id: UBERON:0003422 name: mesenchyme of umbilical cord def: "a gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate). It also contains some fibroblasts and macrophages. It is derived from Extra Embryonic Mesoderm[WP]" [Wikipedia:Wharton's_jelly] comment: todo - check synonym: "umbilical cord mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Wharton's jelly" EXACT [EMAPA:26127] xref: EMAPA:26127 xref: SCTID:368069009 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002331 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002331 ! umbilical cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002331 ! umbilical cord [Term] id: UBERON:0003423 name: mesenchyme of chorion def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a chorion [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorion mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorionic mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003245] synonym: "mesenchyme of chorion (vertebrates)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0003245 xref: EMAPA:16266 is_a: UBERON:0010333 ! extraembryonic membrane mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003124 ! chorion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005728 {source="EHDAA2"} ! extraembryonic mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 ! chorion [Term] id: UBERON:0003424 name: mesenchyme of hard palate def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a hard palate [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hard palate mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18954 is_a: UBERON:0003323 ! mesenchyme of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0003425 name: renal lymph node def: "A lymph node that is part of a kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney lymph node" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph node of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002882 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Lymph_Node is_a: UBERON:0002507 ! abdominal lymph node is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0003426 name: dermis adipose tissue def: "An adipose tissue that is part of a dermis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adipose tissue of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dermis fat tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dermis fatty tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fat tissue of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fatty tissue of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000798 is_a: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue is_a: UBERON:0003585 ! dermis connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 intersection_of: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis [Term] id: UBERON:0003427 name: abdominal fat pad def: "the encapsulated adipose tissue in the abdomen." [MP:0000010] synonym: "abdomen fat pad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fat pad of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000472 is_a: UBERON:0003567 ! abdomen connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0003428 name: gonadal fat pad def: "the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the ovaries or testes." [MP:0005335] synonym: "fat pad of gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fat pad of gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad fat pad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada fat pad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002547 is_a: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0003429 name: abdomen nerve def: "A nerve that is part of an abdomen [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000521 is_a: UBERON:0003825 ! nerve of abdominal segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0003430 name: neck nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a neck [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck (volume) nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000588 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0003431 name: leg nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000673 is_a: UBERON:0003442 ! hindlimb nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0003432 name: chest nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a chest [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior thoracic region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "front of thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000551 is_a: UBERON:0003824 ! nerve of thoracic segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0003433 name: arm nerve def: "A nerve that is part of an arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000595 is_a: UBERON:0003441 ! forelimb nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0003434 name: wrist nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a wrist [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "carpal region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000637 is_a: UBERON:0003448 ! manus nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region [Term] id: UBERON:0003435 name: pedal digit nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a toe [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit nerve" EXACT [MA:0000649] synonym: "nerve of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000649 xref: SCTID:300056004 is_a: UBERON:0003445 ! pes nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003436 name: shoulder nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a shoulder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000634 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0003437 name: eyelid nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blepharon nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001255 is_a: UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0003438 name: iris nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a iris [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001291 is_a: UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris [Term] id: UBERON:0003439 name: nerve of trunk region def: "A nerve that is part of a trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - check EMAPA synonym: "nerve of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk nerve" EXACT [MA:0000515] xref: EMAPA:16986 xref: MA:0000515 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003440 name: limb nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a limb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000693 xref: SCTID:359923002 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0003441 name: forelimb nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a forelimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000616 is_a: UBERON:0003440 ! limb nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003442 name: hindlimb nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000664 is_a: UBERON:0003440 ! limb nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003443 name: thoracic cavity nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a thoracic cavity [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of chest nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pectoral cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000556 is_a: UBERON:0003824 ! nerve of thoracic segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0003444 name: pelvis nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a pelvis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000542 is_a: UBERON:0003825 ! nerve of abdominal segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0003445 name: pes nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a foot [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot nerve" EXACT [MA:0000653] synonym: "hind limb autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000653 is_a: UBERON:0003442 ! hindlimb nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003446 name: ankle nerve def: "A nerve that is part of an ankle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: AO notes: FMA placement dubious synonym: "nerve of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neural network of ankle" RELATED [FMA:86901] synonym: "tarsal region nerve" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:86901 xref: MA:0000640 is_a: UBERON:0003445 ! pes nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region [Term] id: UBERON:0003447 name: digit nerve of manus def: "A nerve that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit nerve" EXACT [MA:0000625] synonym: "nerve of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000625 xref: SCTID:181015006 is_a: UBERON:0003448 ! manus nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003448 name: manus nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a manus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand nerve" EXACT [MA:0000629] synonym: "nerve of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000629 is_a: UBERON:0003441 ! forelimb nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003449 name: tail intervertebral disc def: "A intervertebral disk that is part of a tail [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intervertebral disc of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intervertebral disc of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intervertebral disk of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intervertebral disk of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "post-vent region intervertebral disc" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "post-vent region intervertebral disk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "post-vent region spinal disc" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal disc of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal disc of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tail intervertebral disk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tail spinal disc" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19592 xref: MA:0000698 is_a: UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 intersection_of: UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0003450 name: upper jaw incisor def: "A incisor tooth that is part of a upper jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor of upper jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor tooth of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor tooth of upper jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "maxillary secondary incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55712] synonym: "palatoquadrate arch incisor" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "palatoquadrate arch incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "premaxillary tooth" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "upper incisor" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "upper jaw incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper permanent incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55712] synonym: "upper primary incisor tooth" NARROW [FMA:84214] synonym: "upper secondary incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55712] xref: EHDAA2:0002121 xref: EMAPA:17939 xref: FMA:55712 xref: MA:0001601 xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Jaw_Incisor xref: SCTID:421578001 is_a: UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth is_a: UBERON:0003267 ! tooth of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 intersection_of: UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002244 ! premaxilla relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0003451 name: lower jaw incisor def: "A incisor tooth that is part of a lower jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor tooth of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "incisor tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower incisor" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "lower jaw incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower permanent incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55713] synonym: "lower primary incisor tooth" NARROW [FMA:84215] synonym: "lower secondary incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55713] synonym: "mandibular incisor" EXACT [BTO:0001942] synonym: "mandibular secondary incisor tooth" RELATED [FMA:55713] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch incisor" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch incisor tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001942 xref: EHDAA2:0001021 xref: EMAPA:17918 xref: FMA:55713 xref: MA:0001600 xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Jaw_Incisor is_a: UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth is_a: UBERON:0003268 ! tooth of lower jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 intersection_of: UBERON:0001098 ! incisor tooth intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0003452 name: trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a trabecula carnea [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle textus muscularis of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle textus muscularis of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium textus muscularis of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart textus muscularis of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of cardiac muscle of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart muscle of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of heart myocardium of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of muscle of heart of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle tissue of myocardium of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium muscle tissue of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium textus muscularis of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of cardiac muscle of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart muscle of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of heart myocardium of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of muscle of heart of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus muscularis of myocardium of trabecula carnea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea cardiac muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea cardiac muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea heart muscle muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea heart muscle textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea heart myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea heart myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle of heart muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle of heart textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle tissue of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle tissue of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle tissue of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle tissue of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea muscle tissue of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea myocardium muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea myocardium textus muscularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea textus muscularis of cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea textus muscularis of heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea textus muscularis of heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea textus muscularis of muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula carnea textus muscularis of myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:84428 xref: MA:0002833 is_a: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002511 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002511 ! trabecula carnea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002511 ! trabecula carnea [Term] id: UBERON:0003453 name: large intestine Peyer's patch comment: Edtor notes: requires expert attention synonym: "large intestine Peyer's patch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Peyer's patch of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "solitary lymphatic follicle of large intestine" RELATED [FMA:15658] synonym: "solitary lymphoid follicle of subdivision of large intestine" RELATED [FMA:15658] xref: FMA:15658 xref: MA:0001550 is_a: UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0003454 name: small intestine Peyer's patch def: "nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine." [] synonym: "aggregated lymphoid follicle of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:15054] synonym: "Peyer's patch" BROAD [FMA:15054] synonym: "Peyer's patch of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Peyer's patch of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel Peyer's patch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine Peyer's patch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15054 xref: MA:0001557 xref: SCTID:38986009 is_a: UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001204 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! mucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0003455 name: inner renal medulla loop of henle def: "A loop of Henle that is part of a inner medulla of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Henle loop of inner medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Henle loop of inner renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Henle loop of inner zone of medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Henle loop of inner zone of renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "henle's loop of inner medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "henle's loop of inner renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "henle's loop of inner zone of medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "henle's loop of inner zone of renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner medulla of kidney Henle loop" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner medulla of kidney henle's loop" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner medulla of kidney loop of Henle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner renal medulla Henle loop" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner renal medulla henle's loop" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner renal medulla loop of Henle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner zone of medulla of kidney Henle loop" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner zone of medulla of kidney henle's loop" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner zone of medulla of kidney loop of Henle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner zone of renal medulla Henle loop" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner zone of renal medulla henle's loop" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner zone of renal medulla loop of Henle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney inner medulla loop of henle" EXACT [MA:0002623] synonym: "loop of Henle of inner medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "loop of Henle of inner renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "loop of Henle of inner zone of medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "loop of Henle of inner zone of renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002623 is_a: UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001294 intersection_of: UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001294 ! inner medulla of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001294 ! inner medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0003456 name: respiratory system lymphatic vessel def: "A lymphatic vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001824 is_a: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003457 name: head bone def: "A bone that is part of a head [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult head bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult head bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000576 xref: SCTID:118646007 is_a: UBERON:0007914 ! head or neck bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0003458 name: neck bone def: "A bone that is part of a neck [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck (volume) bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck (volume) bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000584 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvnpJSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0007914 ! head or neck bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0003459 name: chest bone def: "A bone that is part of a chest [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior thoracic region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior thoracic region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "front of thorax bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "front of thorax bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000547 is_a: UBERON:0003827 ! thoracic segment bone is_a: UBERON:0005175 ! chest organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0003460 name: arm bone def: "A bone that is part of the region of the forelimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of upper extremity" EXACT [GAID:178] synonym: "bone organ of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000592 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwKTXoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0003461 name: shoulder bone def: "A bone that is part of a shoulder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: AO notes: this is a forelimb bone in MA, but this would lead to part-disjointness violations. Subtypes are clavicle, scapula, humerus synonym: "bone of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "shoulder bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000631 is_a: UBERON:0007829 ! pectoral girdle bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0003462 name: facial bone def: "A bone that is part of a facial skeleton [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editors note: test whether 'facial bone' is an exact synonym synonym: "bone of facial skeleton" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of viscerocranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "facial bone" EXACT [EMAPA:19019] synonym: "facial skeleton bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "viscerocranium bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19019 xref: MA:0001482 xref: ncithesaurus:Facial_Bone xref: SCTID:181799005 is_a: UBERON:0003457 ! head bone is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 {source="MA"} ! facial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0003463 name: trunk bone def: "A bone that is part of a trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000512 xref: SCTID:427358002 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone is_a: UBERON:0005177 ! trunk organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003464 name: hindlimb bone def: "A bone that is part of a hindlimb region. Examples: any pes phalanx, femur. Counter-examples: ischium, pubis (they are part of the pelvic girdle)" [UBERON:cjm] comment: Note that the MA class is actually bone of pelvic complex; in contrast the NCIT class excludes ilium etc synonym: "bone of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0003842 xref: GAID:198 xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_of_the_Lower_Extremity xref: SCTID:361370006 is_a: UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010742 ! bone of pelvic complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010885 ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003465 name: obsolete chondrocranium bone alt_id: UBERON:0004762 def: "A bone that is part of a chondrocranium [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Made obsolete because it conflated neuro and chondro-cranium; also ZFA:0001544 equivalent was made obsolete. xref: ZFA:0001544 is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0011164 [Term] id: UBERON:0003466 name: lower arm bone def: "A bone that is part of a lower arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000598 is_a: UBERON:0003460 ! arm bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0003467 name: sesamoid bone of gastrocnemius def: "A small sesamoid bone situated behind a condyle of the femur." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=3470151&group_id=76834, MP:0009005, Wikipedia:Fabella] synonym: "fabella" RELATED [MA:0001378] synonym: "gastrocnemius sesamoid bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "m. gastrocnemius sesamoid bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sesamoid bone of m. gastrocnemius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: galen:Fabella xref: MA:0001378 xref: SCTID:302749009 is_a: UBERON:0001479 {source="MA"} ! sesamoid bone is_a: UBERON:0004251 ! lower leg bone is_a: UBERON:0011141 ! appendicular ossicle relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001388 ! gastrocnemius relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0003468 name: ureteric segment of renal artery def: "The ureteral branches of renal artery are small branches which supply the ureter." [Wikipedia:Ureteral_branches_of_renal_artery] synonym: "ureteric artery" BROAD [MA:0002074] xref: FMA:70491 xref: MA:0002074 xref: SCTID:65376008 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001184 {source="FMA"} ! renal artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001184 {source="FMA"} ! renal artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0000056 ! ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0003469 name: respiratory system artery def: "An artery that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001804 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003643 ! respiratory system arterial blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003470 name: artery of upper lip def: "An artery that is part of a upper lip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001917 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003235 ! epithelium of upper jaw is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0006913 ! lip epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001834 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip [Term] id: UBERON:0003471 name: artery of lower lip def: "An artery that is part of a lower lip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001916 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003236 ! epithelium of lower jaw is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0006913 ! lip epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001835 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip [Term] id: UBERON:0003472 name: cerebellar artery def: "An artery that is part of a cerebellum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000228 xref: EHDAA:5290 xref: MA:0001933 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Artery xref: SCTID:278102002 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003499 ! brain blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0003473 name: thoracic cavity artery def: "An artery that is part of a thoracic cavity[cjm]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3317815&group_id=76834&atid=1205376] comment: Note that in MA, aorta is classified here - but this is problematic because the abdominal aorta is not in the thoracic cavity xref: MA:0001902 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003519 ! thoracic cavity blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0003474 name: meningeal artery def: "One of the arteries supplying the meninix[Obol]." [Wikipedia:Meningeal_arteries] xref: GAID:499 xref: MA:0002001 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.545 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: supplies UBERON:0002360 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: supplies UBERON:0002360 ! meninx relationship: supplies UBERON:0002360 ! meninx [Term] id: UBERON:0003475 name: ureteric vein def: "A vein that is part of a ureter [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ureter vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002250 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003520 ! pelvis blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0003476 name: respiratory system venous blood vessel def: "A vein that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001809 xref: MA:0001810 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003477 name: vein of upper lip def: "A vein that is part of a upper lip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper lip vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002255 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001653 ! facial vein is_a: UBERON:0003235 ! epithelium of upper jaw is_a: UBERON:0006913 ! lip epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001834 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip [Term] id: UBERON:0003478 name: vein of lower lip def: "A vein that is part of a lower lip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower lip vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002253 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003236 ! epithelium of lower jaw is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0006913 ! lip epithelium is_a: UBERON:0009141 ! craniocervical region vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001835 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip [Term] id: UBERON:0003479 name: thoracic cavity vein def: "A vein that is part of a thoracic cavity [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of chest vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of thorax vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest cavity vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pectoral cavity vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001903 is_a: UBERON:0003519 ! thoracic cavity blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005194 ! thoracic vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0003480 name: vein of clitoris def: "A vein that is part of a clitoris [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "clitoris vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002252 xref: SCTID:360819004 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0003481 name: tail vein def: "A vein that is part of a tail [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "post-vent region vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0011105 xref: MA:0002233 xref: XAO:0000393 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003524 ! tail blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0003482 name: vein of trabecular bone def: "A portion of vein that is part of a trabecular bone tissue [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spongy bone vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecular bone tissue vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecular bone vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of spongy bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of trabecular bone tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002254 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002483 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002483 ! trabecular bone tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002483 ! trabecular bone tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0003483 name: thymus lymphoid tissue def: "A portion of lymphoid tissue that is part of a thymus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic tissue of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic tissue of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphocytic tissue of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphocytic tissue of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphoid tissue of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphoid tissue of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymic lymphocytic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus gland lymphatic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus gland lymphocytic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus gland lymphoid tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus lymphatic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus lymphocytic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002673 xref: MESH:A.06.407.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Lymphoid_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001744 ! lymphoid tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 intersection_of: UBERON:0001744 ! lymphoid tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0003484 name: eye sebaceous gland def: "A sebaceous gland that is part of a camera-type eye [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "camera-type eye sebaceous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sebaceous gland of camera-type eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sebaceous gland of vertebrate eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebrate eye sebaceous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002452 is_a: UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland is_a: UBERON:0003605 ! eye skin gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 intersection_of: UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0003485 name: vagina sebaceous gland def: "A sebaceous gland that is part of a vagina [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "sebaceous gland of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001732 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland is_a: UBERON:0005398 ! female reproductive gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0003486 name: mammary gland sebaceous gland def: "A sebaceous gland that is part of a lactiferous gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "lactiferous gland sebaceous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast sebaceous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland sebaceous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sebaceous gland of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sebaceous gland of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sebaceous gland of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sebaceous gland of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000794 is_a: UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland is_a: UBERON:0005398 ! female reproductive gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003487 name: skin sebaceous gland comment: Editor notes: consider merging into parent, or explicitly stating criteria that differentiates this from other sebaceuous glands synonym: "sebaceous gland of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000149 is_a: UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body [Term] id: UBERON:0003488 name: abdominal mammary gland def: "A lactiferous gland that is part of the abdominal region [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Taxon notes: Female mice normally have five pairs of nipples and mammary glands, three in the thoracic and two in the abdominal region. (There is an additional abdominal pair in female rats.) http://www.informatics.jax.org/greenbook/chapters/chapter13.shtml synonym: "abdomen lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdomen lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdomen lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdomen mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000787 xref: SCTID:113191002 xref: SCTID:68037003 is_a: UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland is_a: UBERON:0005172 ! abdomen organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0003489 name: respiratory system capillary endothelium def: "An endothelium of capillary that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius blood capillary endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius capillary endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius capillary vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood capillary endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood capillary endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary vessel endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary vessel endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of blood capillary of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of blood capillary of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of capillary of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of capillary of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of capillary vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of capillary vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system blood capillary endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system capillary vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001808 is_a: UBERON:0001915 ! endothelium of capillary is_a: UBERON:0004702 ! respiratory system blood vessel endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001915 ! endothelium of capillary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003490 name: respiratory system reticular lamina def: "A reticular lamina that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius reticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular lamina of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular lamina of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001817 is_a: UBERON:0001967 ! reticular lamina relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001967 ! reticular lamina intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003492 name: bronchus reticular lamina def: "A reticular lamina that is part of a bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi reticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk reticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular lamina of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular lamina of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular lamina of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001834 is_a: UBERON:0003490 ! respiratory system reticular lamina is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0001967 ! reticular lamina intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0003493 name: trachea reticular lamina def: "A reticular lamina that is part of a trachea [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibroreticular lamina of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina fibroreticularis of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular lamina of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reticular lamina of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe fibroreticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe lamina fibroreticularis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe reticular lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001856 is_a: UBERON:0003490 ! respiratory system reticular lamina is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0001967 ! reticular lamina intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0003494 name: respiratory system venule def: "A venule that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius venule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "venule of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "venule of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001813 is_a: UBERON:0001979 ! venule is_a: UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001979 ! venule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003495 name: respiratory system arteriole def: "An arteriole that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001803 is_a: UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole is_a: UBERON:0003643 ! respiratory system arterial blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003496 name: head blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a head [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult head blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000575 xref: SCTID:127865000 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0003497 name: abdomen blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of an abdomen [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000518 is_a: UBERON:0003835 ! abdominal segment blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0003498 name: heart blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a heart [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002483 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005985 ! coronary vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0003499 name: brain blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a brain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002769 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003500 name: corneal blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a cornea [Obol]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3564332&group_id=36855&atid=440764, UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor notes: follow up on tracker item synonym: "blood vessel of cornea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cornea blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001241 is_a: UBERON:0001772 ! corneal epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9775 {source="PMID:17051153"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003501 name: retina blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a retina [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of inner layer of eyeball" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of retina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of tunica interna of eyeball" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner layer of eyeball blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "retinal blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica interna of eyeball blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: GAID:509 xref: MA:0001317 xref: MESH:A.07.231.611 xref: SCTID:280692003 xref: XAO:0004153 is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0004864 ! vasculature of retina [Term] id: UBERON:0003502 name: neck blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a neck [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck (volume) blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000583 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0003503 name: leg blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000669 is_a: UBERON:0003516 ! hindlimb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0003504 name: respiratory system blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001799 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004807 ! respiratory system epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003505 name: trachea blood vessel alt_id: UBERON:0003525 synonym: "blood vessel of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001852 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000117 ! respiratory tube is_a: UBERON:0001901 ! epithelium of trachea is_a: UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0003519 ! thoracic cavity blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0003506 name: chest blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a chest [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior thoracic region blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "front of thorax blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000549 is_a: UBERON:0003834 ! thoracic segment blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0003507 name: arm blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of an arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000591 is_a: UBERON:0003515 ! forelimb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0003508 name: pedal digit blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a toe [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit blood vessel" EXACT [MA:0000645] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000645 is_a: UBERON:0003521 ! pes blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005226 ! pedal digit epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003509 name: arterial blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of the arterial system. Includes artery, arteriole and aorta." [UBERON:cjm] comment: only in MA - supertype of artery, arteriole, aorta. xref: MA:0000061 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system [Term] id: UBERON:0003510 name: eyelid blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blepharon blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001250 is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0003511 name: iris blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a iris [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "blood vessel of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001290 xref: ZFA:0005568 is_a: UBERON:0002506 ! iris epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris relationship: part_of UBERON:0004118 ! vasculature of iris [Term] id: UBERON:0003512 name: lung blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002457 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000117 ! respiratory tube is_a: UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0003519 ! thoracic cavity blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003513 name: trunk blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000511 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003514 name: limb blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a limb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000687 is_a: UBERON:0007301 ! limb/fin blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0003515 name: forelimb blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a forelimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000611 is_a: UBERON:0003514 ! limb blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0007300 ! pectoral appendage blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003516 name: hindlimb blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000659 is_a: UBERON:0003514 ! limb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003517 name: kidney blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "blood vessel of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001682 xref: TAO:0005306 xref: ZFA:0005306 is_a: UBERON:0003497 ! abdomen blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004819 ! kidney epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0006544 ! kidney vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0003518 name: main bronchus blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001844 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000117 ! respiratory tube is_a: UBERON:0002340 ! epithelium of main bronchus is_a: UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0003519 ! thoracic cavity blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0003519 name: thoracic cavity blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a thoracic cavity [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of chest blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of thorax blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest cavity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pectoral cavity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000554 is_a: UBERON:0003834 ! thoracic segment blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0003520 name: pelvis blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a pelvis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000531 is_a: UBERON:0003835 ! abdominal segment blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0003521 name: pes blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a foot [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hind limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hindlimb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of inferior member blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of lower extremity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot blood vessel" EXACT [MA:0000642] synonym: "hind limb autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000642 is_a: UBERON:0003516 ! hindlimb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003522 name: manual digit blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit blood vessel" EXACT [MA:0000621] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000621 is_a: UBERON:0003523 ! manus blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005227 ! manual digit epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003523 name: manus blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a manus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of arm blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of brachial region blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand blood vessel" EXACT [MA:0000618] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000618 is_a: UBERON:0003515 ! forelimb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003524 name: tail blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a tail [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "post-vent region blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000695 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0003526 name: respiratory system capillary def: "A capillary that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood capillary of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood capillary of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001807 is_a: UBERON:0001982 ! capillary is_a: UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001982 ! capillary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003527 name: kidney capillary def: "A capillary that is part of a kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood capillary of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary vessel of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:31443 xref: MA:0002586 xref: SCTID:275409003 is_a: UBERON:0001982 ! capillary is_a: UBERON:0003517 ! kidney blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0001982 ! capillary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0003528 name: brain grey matter def: "A gray matter of neuraxis that is part of a brain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain gray matter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain gray matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain grey substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gray matter of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gray matter of neuraxis of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "grey matter of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "grey substance of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000810 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Gray_Matter is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003529 name: respiratory system lymphatic vessel endothelium def: "An endothelium of lymphatic vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lymph vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lymphatic vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of lymph vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of lymph vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of lymphatic vessel of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of lymphatic vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph vessel endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph vessel endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic vessel endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic vessel endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system lymph vessel endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001825 is_a: UBERON:0002042 ! endothelium of lymphatic vessel is_a: UBERON:0004807 ! respiratory system epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0002042 ! endothelium of lymphatic vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003456 ! respiratory system lymphatic vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0003530 name: pedal digit skin def: "A zone of skin that is part of a toe [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit skin" EXACT [MA:0000650] synonym: "skin of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:37852 xref: MA:0000650 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_Skin xref: SCTID:181530005 is_a: UBERON:0001513 ! skin of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003531 name: forelimb skin def: "A zone of skin that is part of a forelimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check free limb vs pectoral complex synonym: "anteriormost limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:23101] synonym: "superior member skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper limb skin" EXACT [FMA:23101] xref: FMA:23101 xref: MA:0000617 xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Upper_Limb_and_Shoulder xref: SCTID:244130001 is_a: UBERON:0001419 ! skin of limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003532 name: hindlimb skin def: "A zone of skin that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - check free limb vs pelvic complex synonym: "hind limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower limb skin" EXACT [FMA:23102] synonym: "skin of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of lower limb" EXACT [FMA:23102] xref: FMA:23102 xref: MA:0000665 xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Lower_Limb_and_Hip xref: SCTID:181528008 is_a: UBERON:0001419 ! skin of limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003533 name: manual digit skin def: "A zone of skin that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit skin" EXACT [MA:0000626] synonym: "skin of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:38304 xref: MA:0000626 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_Skin xref: SCTID:361711001 is_a: UBERON:0001519 ! skin of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003534 name: tail skin def: "A zone of skin that is part of a tail [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "post-vent region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000700 xref: SCTID:67214004 is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0003535 name: vagus X nerve trunk synonym: "trunk of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:6221] synonym: "vagus neural trunk" EXACT [FMA:6221] xref: FMA:6221 xref: MA:0001150 xref: SCTID:280308004 is_a: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0001759 intersection_of: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003536 name: right lung alveolar duct def: "An alveolar duct that is part of a right lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "alveolar duct of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19185 xref: EMAPA:19187 xref: EMAPA:19189 xref: EMAPA:19191 xref: MA:0001785 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung_Alveolar_Duct is_a: UBERON:0002173 ! alveolar duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0002173 ! alveolar duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0006526 ! right lung alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0003537 name: left lung alveolar duct def: "An alveolar duct that is part of a left lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Mice have 1 left lobe synonym: "alveolar duct of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19183 xref: MA:0001776 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung_Alveolar_Duct is_a: UBERON:0002173 ! alveolar duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0002173 ! alveolar duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0006525 ! left lung alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0003538 name: right lung bronchiole def: "A bronchiole that is part of a right lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiole of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobular bronchiole of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right lung lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001787 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung_Bronchiole xref: SCTID:200089000 is_a: UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0003364 ! epithelium of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003539 name: left lung bronchiole def: "A bronchiole that is part of a left lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiole of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left lung lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobular bronchiole of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19000 xref: MA:0001778 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung_Bronchiole xref: SCTID:200484003 is_a: UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0003365 ! epithelium of left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003540 name: right lung terminal bronchiole def: "A terminal bronchiole that is part of a right lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right lung bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal bronchiole of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001789 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung_Terminal_Bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0003538 ! right lung bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003541 name: left lung terminal bronchiole def: "A terminal bronchiole that is part of a left lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left lung bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal bronchiole of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001780 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung_Terminal_Bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0003539 ! left lung bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003542 name: right lung respiratory bronchiole def: "A respiratory bronchiole that is part of a right lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory bronchiole of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right lung bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001788 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung_Respiratory_Bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0003538 ! right lung bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003543 name: left lung respiratory bronchiole def: "A respiratory bronchiole that is part of a left lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left lung bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory bronchiole of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001779 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung_Respiratory_Bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0003539 ! left lung bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003544 name: brain white matter def: "the regions of the brain that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites." [MP:0008026] synonym: "brain white matter of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brain white substance" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "white matter of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "white matter of neuraxis of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "white substance of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000820 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_White_Matter is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003545 name: obsolete brainstem white matter comment: obsoleted as definition is unclear. cerebellar peduncle originally classified here but in ABA brainstem and cerbellum are spatially disjoint is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003546 name: distal convoluted tubule macula densa def: "A macula densa that is part of a distal convoluted tubule [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001668 is_a: UBERON:0002335 ! macula densa is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001292 intersection_of: UBERON:0002335 ! macula densa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001292 {source="MA"} ! distal convoluted tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002335 {source="MA"} ! macula densa [Term] id: UBERON:0003547 name: brain meninx def: "A meninx that is part of a brain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "brain meninges" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninx of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EV:0100312 xref: MA:0000813 xref: SCTID:180949007 xref: VHOG:0000013 is_a: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: external_definition "Meninges that are part of the brain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000013", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000013", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003548 name: forebrain meninges def: "A meninx that is part of a forebrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forebrain meninx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninges of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "meninx of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17764 xref: EMAPA:17774 xref: MA:0000883 is_a: UBERON:0003547 ! brain meninx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0003549 name: brain pia mater def: "the fibrous membrane forming the innermost of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity that is firmly attached to the glial capsule." [MP:0009026] synonym: "brain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EV:0100315 xref: MA:0000816 xref: ncithesaurus:Brain_Pia_Mater xref: VHOG:0000470 is_a: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater is_a: UBERON:0003547 ! brain meninx relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: external_definition "The innermost of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000470", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pia+mater"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000470", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003550 name: forebrain pia mater def: "A pia mater that is part of a forebrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forebrain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17767 xref: EMAPA:17777 xref: MA:0000886 is_a: UBERON:0003548 ! forebrain meninges is_a: UBERON:0003549 ! brain pia mater relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0003551 name: midbrain pia mater def: "A pia mater that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesencephalon pia mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000467] synonym: "midbrain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001175 xref: EMAPA:17794 xref: MA:0001061 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001110 xref: VHOG:0000467 is_a: UBERON:0003288 ! meninx of midbrain is_a: UBERON:0003549 ! brain pia mater relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: external_definition "Pia mater that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000467", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000467", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003552 name: telencephalon pia mater def: "A pia mater that is part of a telencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001992 xref: EMAPA:17777 xref: MA:0000982 xref: VHOG:0000476 is_a: UBERON:0003289 ! meninx of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003550 ! forebrain pia mater relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: external_definition "Pia mater that is part of the telencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000476", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000476", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003553 name: diencephalon pia mater def: "A pia mater that is part of a diencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain pia mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain pia mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon pia mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000400 xref: EMAPA:17767 xref: MA:0000829 xref: VHOG:0000475 is_a: UBERON:0003290 ! meninx of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003550 ! forebrain pia mater relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "Pia mater that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000475", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000475", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003554 name: hindbrain pia mater def: "A pia mater that is part of a hindbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalon pia mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000466] xref: EHDAA2:0000772 xref: EMAPA:17786 xref: MA:0000990 xref: VHOG:0000466 is_a: UBERON:0003291 ! meninx of hindbrain is_a: UBERON:0003549 ! brain pia mater relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: external_definition "Pia mater that is part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000466", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000466", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003555 name: spinal cord pia mater def: "A pia mater that is part of a spinal cord [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "pia mater of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pia mater of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord pia mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001896 xref: EMAPA:17807 xref: MA:0001133 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Pia_Mater xref: VHOG:0000468 is_a: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater is_a: UBERON:0003292 ! meninx of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: external_definition "The innermost of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000468", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pia+mater"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000468", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003556 name: forebrain arachnoid mater def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a forebrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forebrain arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forebrain arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17765 xref: EMAPA:17775 xref: MA:0000884 is_a: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater is_a: UBERON:0003548 ! forebrain meninges relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0003557 name: midbrain arachnoid mater def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesencephalon arachnoid mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000233] synonym: "midbrain arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "midbrain arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17792 xref: MA:0001059 xref: VHOG:0000233 is_a: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater is_a: UBERON:0003288 ! meninx of midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: external_definition "Arachnoid mater that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000233", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000233", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003558 name: diencephalon arachnoid mater def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a diencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain arachnoid mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain arachnoid mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon arachnoid mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17765 xref: MA:0000827 xref: VHOG:0000231 is_a: UBERON:0003290 ! meninx of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003556 ! forebrain arachnoid mater relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "Arachnoid mater that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000231", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000231", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003559 name: hindbrain arachnoid mater def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a hindbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalon arachnoid mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000236] xref: EMAPA:17784 xref: MA:0000988 xref: VHOG:0000236 is_a: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater is_a: UBERON:0003291 ! meninx of hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: external_definition "Arachnoid mater that is part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000236", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000236", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003560 name: spinal cord arachnoid mater def: "An arachnoid mater that is part of a spinal cord [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "arachnoid mater of neuraxis of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid mater of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arachnoid of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord arachnoid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spinal cord arachnoid mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17805 xref: MA:0001131 xref: VHOG:0000234 is_a: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater is_a: UBERON:0003292 ! meninx of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0002362 ! arachnoid mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: external_definition "The middle membrane of the three mammalian meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000234", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/arachnoid+mater"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000234", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003561 name: forebrain dura mater synonym: "dura mater of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of forebrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forebrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17766 xref: MA:0000885 is_a: UBERON:0002092 ! brain dura mater is_a: UBERON:0003548 ! forebrain meninges relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0003562 name: midbrain dura mater def: "A dura mater that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of midbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesencephalon dura mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000410] synonym: "midbrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17793 xref: MA:0001060 xref: VHOG:0000410 is_a: UBERON:0002092 ! brain dura mater is_a: UBERON:0003288 ! meninx of midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: external_definition "Dura mater that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000410", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000410", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003563 name: telencephalon dura mater def: "A dura mater that is part of a telencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of telencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "telencephalon dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000981 is_a: UBERON:0003289 ! meninx of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003561 ! forebrain dura mater relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0003564 name: diencephalon dura mater def: "A dura mater that is part of a diencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain dura mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "between brain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "diencephalon dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of between brain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of interbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of mature diencephalon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain dura mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "interbrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon dura mater" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mature diencephalon dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:17766 xref: MA:0000828 xref: VHOG:0000258 is_a: UBERON:0003290 ! meninx of diencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003561 ! forebrain dura mater relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "Dura mater that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000258", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000258", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003565 name: hindbrain dura mater def: "A dura mater that is part of a hindbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dura mater of neuraxis of hindbrain" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain dura mater of neuraxis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhombencephalon dura mater" RELATED [VHOG:0000409] xref: EMAPA:17785 xref: MA:0000989 xref: VHOG:0000409 is_a: UBERON:0002092 ! brain dura mater is_a: UBERON:0003291 ! meninx of hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: external_definition "Dura mater that is part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000409", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In fishes, the meninges consist of a single membrane, the primitive meninx, wrapped around the brain and spinal cord. With the adoption of terrestrial life, the meninges doubled. In amphibians, reptiles, and birds, the meninges include a thick outer dura mater derived from mesoderm and a thin inner secondary meninx. (...) In mammals, the dura mater persists, but division of the secondary meninx yields both the arachnoid and the pia mater from ectomesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000409", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003566 name: head connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a head [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult head connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult head portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult head textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000577 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0003567 name: abdomen connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of an abdomen [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdomen portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdomen textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of abdomen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000519 is_a: UBERON:0003838 ! abdominal segment connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0003568 name: neck connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a neck [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck (volume) connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck (volume) portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck (volume) textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000585 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0003569 name: leg connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "leg portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "leg textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000671 is_a: UBERON:0003589 ! hindlimb connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0003570 name: respiratory system connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001814 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003571 name: trachea connective tissue synonym: "connective tissue of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trachea textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001853 is_a: UBERON:0003580 ! lower respiratory tract connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003593 ! thoracic cavity connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0003572 name: chest connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a chest [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior thoracic region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior thoracic region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterior thoracic region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anterolateral part of thorax textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "front of thorax connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "front of thorax portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "front of thorax textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of anterior thoracic region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of anterolateral part of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of front of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000550 is_a: UBERON:0003837 ! thoracic segment connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0003573 name: arm connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of an arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000593 is_a: UBERON:0003588 ! forelimb connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0003574 name: elbow connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a elbow [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cubital region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cubital region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cubital region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elbow portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elbow textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of cubital region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of elbow" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000609 is_a: UBERON:0003573 ! arm connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow relationship: part_of UBERON:0001461 ! elbow [Term] id: UBERON:0003575 name: wrist connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a wrist [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "carpal region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "carpal region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "carpal region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of carpal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of wrist" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wrist portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wrist textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000636 is_a: UBERON:0003598 ! manus connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region [Term] id: UBERON:0003576 name: hip connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regio coxae connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regio coxae portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regio coxae textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000656 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip [Term] id: UBERON:0003577 name: knee connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a knee [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "knee portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "knee textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of knee" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000667 is_a: UBERON:0003569 ! leg connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee relationship: part_of UBERON:0001465 ! knee [Term] id: UBERON:0003578 name: pedal digit connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a toe [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit connective tissue" EXACT [MA:0000647] synonym: "foot digit portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000647 is_a: UBERON:0003595 ! pes connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003579 name: shoulder connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a shoulder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "shoulder portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "shoulder textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of shoulder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000632 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0003580 name: lower respiratory tract connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower respiratory tract portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower respiratory tract textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002409 is_a: UBERON:0003570 ! respiratory system connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0003581 name: eyelid connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blepharon connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blepharon portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blepharon textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "eyelid portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "eyelid textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001251 xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelid_Connective_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0003582 name: nasopharynx connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a nasopharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal part of pharynx connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal part of pharynx portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal part of pharynx textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasopharynx portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasopharynx textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhinopharynx connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhinopharynx portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhinopharynx textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001864 is_a: UBERON:0003570 ! respiratory system connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0003583 name: larynx connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a larynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "larynx portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "larynx textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001754 xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Connective_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0003570 ! respiratory system connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0003584 name: mammary gland connective tissue def: "the fibrous supportive tissue of the mammary gland." [MP:0009507] synonym: "connective tissue of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:74479 xref: MA:0002897 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0003585 name: dermis connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a dermis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dermis portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dermis textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of dermis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000799 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis [Term] id: UBERON:0003586 name: trunk connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000513 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003587 name: limb connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a limb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000689 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0003588 name: forelimb connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a forelimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forelimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forelimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000613 is_a: UBERON:0003587 ! limb connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003589 name: hindlimb connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000661 is_a: UBERON:0003587 ! limb connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003590 name: main bronchus connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001845 is_a: UBERON:0003592 ! bronchus connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0003591 name: lobar bronchus connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lobar bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobar bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobar bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001841 is_a: UBERON:0000114 ! lung connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003592 ! bronchus connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0003592 name: bronchus connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001831 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Connective_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0003580 ! lower respiratory tract connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003593 ! thoracic cavity connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0003593 name: thoracic cavity connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a thoracic cavity [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of chest connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of chest portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of chest textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of thorax connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of thorax portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of thorax textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest cavity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest cavity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest cavity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pectoral cavity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pectoral cavity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pectoral cavity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of cavity of chest" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of cavity of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of chest cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of pectoral cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of thoracic cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic cavity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic cavity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000555 is_a: UBERON:0003837 ! thoracic segment connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0003594 name: pelvis connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a pelvis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000533 is_a: UBERON:0003838 ! abdominal segment connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0003595 name: pes connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a foot [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hindlimb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot connective tissue" EXACT [MA:0000644] synonym: "foot portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000644 is_a: UBERON:0003589 ! hindlimb connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003596 name: ankle connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of an ankle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ankle portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ankle textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tarsal region connective tissue" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "textus connectivus of ankle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000639 is_a: UBERON:0003595 ! pes connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region [Term] id: UBERON:0003597 name: manual digit connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit connective tissue" EXACT [MA:0000623] synonym: "hand digit portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000623 is_a: UBERON:0003598 ! manus connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003598 name: manus connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hand [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand connective tissue" EXACT [MA:0000620] synonym: "hand portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb autopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of arm autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of arm distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of autopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of distal free limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000620 is_a: UBERON:0003588 ! forelimb connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003599 name: tail connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a tail [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "post-vent region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "post-vent region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "post-vent region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tail portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tail textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000697 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0003601 name: neck cartilage def: "A cartilage that is part of a neck [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of neck (volume)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck (volume) cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000586 is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003568 ! neck connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0003603 name: lower respiratory tract cartilage def: "A cartilage that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001819 xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Respiratory_Tract_Cartilage is_a: UBERON:0003406 ! cartilage of respiratory system is_a: UBERON:0003580 ! lower respiratory tract connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0003604 name: trachea cartilage def: "The cartilages of the trachea (or tracheal rings) vary from sixteen to twenty in number: each forms an imperfect ring, which occupies the anterior two-thirds or so of the circumference of the trachea, being deficient behind, where the tube is completed by fibrous tissue and unstriped muscular fibers." [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings] comment: Editor notes: check whether to classify as part of splanchoncranium synonym: "cartilage of the trachea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings] synonym: "cartilage of trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilage of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilagines tracheales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings] synonym: "cartilaginous ring of trachea" EXACT [EMAPA:18699] synonym: "cartilaginous trachea cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilago trachealis" EXACT [FMA:7434] synonym: "ring of the trachea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings] synonym: "trachea ring" RELATED [] synonym: "tracheal cartilage" EXACT [FMA:7434] synonym: "tracheal ring" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tracheal_rings] synonym: "windpipe cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18699 xref: FMA:7434 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Gray952.png xref: MA:0001857 xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Cartilage xref: SCTID:278979006 is_a: UBERON:0003571 ! trachea connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003603 ! lower respiratory tract cartilage is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007267 ! trachea pre-cartilage rings relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0003605 name: eye skin gland def: "A skin gland that is part of a camera-type eye [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "camera-type eye skin gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "camera-type eye skin glands" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "camera-type eye skin glands set" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin gland of camera-type eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin gland of vertebrate eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin glands of camera-type eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin glands of vertebrate eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin glands set of camera-type eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin glands set of vertebrate eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebrate eye skin gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebrate eye skin glands" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebrate eye skin glands set" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002451 is_a: UBERON:0002419 ! skin gland is_a: UBERON:0004859 ! eye gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 intersection_of: UBERON:0002419 ! skin gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0003606 name: limb long bone def: "A long bone that is part of a limb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000298 is_a: UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone is_a: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0003607 name: forelimb long bone def: "A long bone that is part of a forelimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000299 is_a: UBERON:0003606 ! limb long bone is_a: UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003608 name: hindlimb long bone def: "A long bone that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000300 is_a: UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone is_a: UBERON:0003606 ! limb long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0002495 ! long bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003609 name: aorta elastic tissue def: "the dense connective tissue which contains predominantly elastic fibers and is found in the tunica media of the aorta wall." [MP:0009862] synonym: "adult aorta elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult aorta elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult aorta textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "aorta elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "aorta textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal aorta elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal aorta elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal aorta textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002859 is_a: UBERON:0003614 ! blood vessel elastic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 intersection_of: UBERON:0002521 ! elastic tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0003610 name: heart elastic tissue def: "the type of heart connective tissue found in the endocardial layer that consists mainly of elastic fibers." [MP:0009863] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002858 is_a: UBERON:0003613 ! cardiovascular system elastic tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0002521 ! elastic tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0003611 name: respiratory system elastic tissue def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001820 is_a: UBERON:0002521 ! elastic tissue is_a: UBERON:0003570 ! respiratory system connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0002521 ! elastic tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004777 ! respiratory system submucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0003613 name: cardiovascular system elastic tissue def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a circulatory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiovascular system elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiovascular system textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "circulatory system elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "circulatory system elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "circulatory system textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of cardiovascular system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of circulatory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of cardiovascular system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of circulatory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of cardiovascular system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of circulatory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002857 is_a: UBERON:0002521 ! elastic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 intersection_of: UBERON:0002521 ! elastic tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system [Term] id: UBERON:0003614 name: blood vessel elastic tissue def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a blood vessel [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002856 is_a: UBERON:0003613 ! cardiovascular system elastic tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 intersection_of: UBERON:0002521 ! elastic tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0003615 name: lung elastic tissue def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lung elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lung textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002860 is_a: UBERON:0000114 ! lung connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003611 ! respiratory system elastic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 intersection_of: UBERON:0002521 ! elastic tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003616 name: bronchus elastic tissue def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001838 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Elastic_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0003592 ! bronchus connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003611 ! respiratory system elastic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0002521 ! elastic tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001957 ! submucosa of bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0003617 name: trachea elastic tissue def: "An elastic tissue that is part of a trachea [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilaginous trachea elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilaginous trachea elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilaginous trachea textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of vertebrate trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic connective tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of vertebrate trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "elastic tissue of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of vertebrate trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus elasticus of windpipe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebrate trachea elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebrate trachea elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vertebrate trachea textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe elastic connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe elastic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "windpipe textus connectivus elasticus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001861 is_a: UBERON:0003571 ! trachea connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003611 ! respiratory system elastic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0002521 ! elastic tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002202 ! submucosa of trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0003618 name: aorta tunica media def: "the middle layer of the aorta wall, containing the smooth muscle layer and elastic fibers." [MP:0009873] synonym: "adult aorta tunica media" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal aorta tunica media" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree tunica media" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica media of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica media of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica media of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica media of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:74433 xref: MA:0002903 xref: SCTID:48467007 is_a: UBERON:0004178 ! aorta smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0007239 ! tunica media of artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 intersection_of: UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0004663 ! aorta wall [Term] id: UBERON:0003619 name: aorta tunica intima def: "the innermost layer of the aorta, containing the endothelium and an inner elastic membrane." [MP:0009872] synonym: "adult aorta tunica intima" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal aorta tunica intima" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree tunica intima" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica intima of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica intima of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica intima of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica intima of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:74419 xref: MA:0002904 xref: SCTID:362031007 is_a: UBERON:0005740 ! tunica intima of artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 intersection_of: UBERON:0002523 ! tunica intima intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0004663 ! aorta wall [Term] id: UBERON:0003620 name: manual digit 1 phalanx def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 1 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 1 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 1 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001389] synonym: "long bone of digit of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19113 xref: FMA:35477 xref: MA:0001389 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_1_Phalanx xref: SCTID:181975002 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010675 ! manual digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0003622 name: manual digit 2 def: "2nd digit of the manus." [Wikipedia:Index_finger] synonym: "2nd digit of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "2nd finger" EXACT [] synonym: "digit 2 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17432] synonym: "finger 2" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000517] synonym: "fore digit II" EXACT [AAO:0010640] synonym: "hand digit 2" EXACT [MA:0000455] synonym: "index finger" NARROW [] synonym: "second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:24946] synonym: "second finger" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010640 xref: EHDAA2:0000517 xref: EMAPA:17432 xref: FMA:24946 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Index_finger.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Index_finger.JPG/200px-Index_finger.JPG xref: MA:0000455 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_2 xref: SCTID:362758006 is_a: UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit is_a: UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2 intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003623 name: manual digit 3 def: "3rd digit of the manus." [Wikipedia:Middle_finger] synonym: "3rd digit of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "3rd finger" EXACT [] synonym: "digit 3 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17435] synonym: "digitus medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_finger] synonym: "finger 3" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000523] synonym: "fore digit III" EXACT [AAO:0010641] synonym: "hand digit 3" EXACT [MA:0000456] synonym: "middle finger" NARROW [] synonym: "third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:24947] synonym: "third finger" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010641 xref: EHDAA2:0000523 xref: EMAPA:17435 xref: FMA:24947 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Middle_finger.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Middle_finger.jpg/200px-Middle_finger.jpg xref: MA:0000456 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_3 xref: SCTID:362763005 is_a: UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit is_a: UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3 intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003624 name: manual digit 4 def: "4th digit of the manus." [Wikipedia:Ring_finger] synonym: "4th digit of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "4th finger" EXACT [] synonym: "digit 4 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17438] synonym: "digitus annularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ring_finger] synonym: "finger 4" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000529] synonym: "fore digit IV" EXACT [AAO:0010642] synonym: "fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:24948] synonym: "fourth finger" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit 4" EXACT [MA:0000457] synonym: "ring finger" NARROW [] xref: AAO:0010642 xref: EHDAA2:0000529 xref: EMAPA:17438 xref: FMA:24948 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Ring_finger.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Ring_finger.JPG/200px-Ring_finger.JPG xref: MA:0000457 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_4 xref: SCTID:362768001 is_a: UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit is_a: UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4 intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003625 name: manual digit 5 def: "5th digit of the manus." [Wikipedia:Little_finger] synonym: "5th digit of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "5th finger" EXACT [] synonym: "digit 5 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17441] synonym: "fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:24949] synonym: "fifth finger" EXACT [] synonym: "finger 5" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000535] synonym: "fore digit V" EXACT [AAO:0010643] synonym: "hand digit 5" EXACT [MA:0000458] synonym: "little finger" NARROW [] synonym: "manual digitus minimus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Little_finger] synonym: "quintus, digitus V" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Little_finger] xref: AAO:0010643 xref: EHDAA2:0000535 xref: EMAPA:17441 xref: FMA:24949 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Pink.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Pink.jpg/200px-Pink.jpg xref: MA:0000458 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_5 xref: SCTID:362773007 is_a: UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit is_a: UBERON:0006052 ! digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0006052 ! digit 5 intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003631 name: pedal digit 1 def: "1st digit of the hind autopod." [Wikipedia:Hallux] synonym: "big toe" NARROW [] synonym: "digit 1 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17460] synonym: "digit 1 of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "digitus primus (I) pedis" RELATED [BTO:0002349] synonym: "foot digit 1" EXACT [MA:0000465] synonym: "great toe" EXACT [FMA:25047] synonym: "hallex" RELATED [] synonym: "hallux" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "hallux; digitus primus [I]" EXACT [FMA:25047] synonym: "hind digit I" EXACT [AAO:0010644] synonym: "pedal digit 1" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 1" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002037] xref: AAO:0010644 xref: BTO:0002349 xref: EHDAA2:0002037 xref: EMAPA:17460 xref: FMA:25047 xref: GAID:45 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/RightFootToes.jpg xref: MA:0000465 xref: MESH:A.01.378.610.250.300.792.380 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_1 xref: SCTID:302546000 xref: VSAO:0000201 is_a: UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit is_a: UBERON:0006048 ! digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0006048 ! digit 1 intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003632 name: pedal digit 2 def: "2nd digit of the hind autopod." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "2nd toe" EXACT [] synonym: "digit 2 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17463] synonym: "digitus secundus (II) pedis" RELATED [BTO:0002350] synonym: "digitus secundus [ii]" EXACT [FMA:25048] synonym: "digitus secundus pedis" EXACT [BTO:0002350] synonym: "foot digit 2" EXACT [MA:0000466] synonym: "hind digit II" EXACT [AAO:0010645] synonym: "second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:25048] synonym: "second toe" EXACT [FMA:25048] synonym: "toe 2" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002042] xref: AAO:0010645 xref: BTO:0002350 xref: EHDAA2:0002042 xref: EMAPA:17463 xref: FMA:25048 xref: MA:0000466 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_2 xref: SCTID:362817008 is_a: UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit is_a: UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2 intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003633 name: pedal digit 3 def: "3rd digit of the hind autopod." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "3rd toe" EXACT [] synonym: "digit 3 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17466] synonym: "digitus tertius (III) pedis" RELATED [BTO:0002351] synonym: "digitus tertius [iii]" EXACT [FMA:25051] synonym: "digitus tertius pedis" EXACT [BTO:0002351] synonym: "foot digit 3" EXACT [MA:0000467] synonym: "hind digit III" EXACT [AAO:0010646] synonym: "third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:25051] synonym: "third toe" EXACT [FMA:25051] synonym: "toe 3" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002047] xref: AAO:0010646 xref: BTO:0002351 xref: EHDAA2:0002047 xref: EMAPA:17466 xref: FMA:25051 xref: MA:0000467 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_3 xref: SCTID:362821001 is_a: UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit is_a: UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3 intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003634 name: pedal digit 4 def: "4th digit of the hind autopod." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "4th toe" EXACT [] synonym: "digit 4 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17469] synonym: "digitus quartis pedis" EXACT [BTO:0002352] synonym: "digitus quartus (IV) pedis" RELATED [BTO:0002352] synonym: "digitus quartus [iv]" EXACT [FMA:25052] synonym: "foot digit 4" EXACT [MA:0000468] synonym: "fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:25052] synonym: "fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:25052] synonym: "hind digit IV" EXACT [AAO:0010656] synonym: "toe 4" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002052] xref: AAO:0010656 xref: BTO:0002352 xref: EHDAA2:0002052 xref: EMAPA:17469 xref: FMA:25052 xref: MA:0000468 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_4 xref: SCTID:362826006 is_a: UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit is_a: UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003635 name: pedal digit 5 def: "5th digit of the hind autopod." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Fifth_toe] synonym: "5th toe" EXACT [] synonym: "digit 5 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:17472] synonym: "digitus minimus pedis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fifth_toe] synonym: "digitus quintus [V] pedis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:25053, FMA:TA] synonym: "digitus quintus of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "digitus quintus pedis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fifth_toe] synonym: "digitus V of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:25053] synonym: "fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:25053] synonym: "foot digit 5" EXACT [MA:0000469] synonym: "hind digit V" EXACT [AAO:0010658] synonym: "little toe" NARROW [] synonym: "pedal digitus minimus" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 5" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002057] xref: AAO:0010658 xref: BTO:0002353 xref: EHDAA2:0002057 xref: EMAPA:17472 xref: FMA:25053 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png xref: MA:0000469 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_5 xref: SCTID:362830009 is_a: UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit is_a: UBERON:0006052 ! digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0006052 ! digit 5 intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003636 name: manual digit 2 phalanx def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001390] synonym: "index finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35480] synonym: "long bone of digit of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:35480] synonym: "phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19115 xref: FMA:35480 xref: MA:0001390 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_2_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361783009 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010676 ! manual digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0003637 name: manual digit 3 phalanx def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001391] synonym: "long bone of digit of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35483] synonym: "phalanx of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:35483] synonym: "phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19117 xref: FMA:35483 xref: MA:0001391 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_3_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361785002 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010677 ! manual digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0003638 name: manual digit 4 phalanx def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001392] synonym: "long bone of digit of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:35486] synonym: "ring finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35486] xref: EMAPA:19119 xref: FMA:35486 xref: MA:0001392 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_4_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361787005 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010678 ! manual digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0003639 name: manual digit 5 phalanx def: "A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th digit of hand digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th digit of hand long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th digit of hand phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001393] synonym: "little finger phalanx" EXACT [FMA:35489] synonym: "long bone of digit of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35489] synonym: "phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:35489] synonym: "phalanx of manual digitus minimus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19121 xref: FMA:35489 xref: MA:0001393 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Digit_5_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361789008 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010679 ! manual digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0003640 name: pedal digit 1 phalanx def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "big toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32884] synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001381] synonym: "hallux digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hallux long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hallux phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "long bone of digit of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of big toe" EXACT [FMA:32884] synonym: "phalanx of first digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32884] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of great toe" EXACT [FMA:32884] synonym: "phalanx of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19124 xref: FMA:32884 xref: MA:0001381 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_1_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361798006 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010680 ! pedal digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0003641 name: pedal digit 2 phalanx def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001382] synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32899] synonym: "second toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32899] xref: EMAPA:19126 xref: FMA:32899 xref: MA:0001382 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_2_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361800004 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010681 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0003642 name: pedal digit 3 phalanx def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001383] synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32900] synonym: "third toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32900] xref: EMAPA:19128 xref: FMA:32900 xref: MA:0001383 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_3_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361802007 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010682 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0003643 name: respiratory system arterial blood vessel def: "An arterial blood vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001800 is_a: UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0003509 ! arterial blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0003509 ! arterial blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003644 name: kidney arterial blood vessel def: "An arterial blood vessel that is part of a kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002578 is_a: UBERON:0003509 ! arterial blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0003517 ! kidney blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0003509 ! arterial blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0003645 name: metacarpal bone of digit 1 synonym: "finger 1 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "first digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23899] synonym: "hand digit 1 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 1 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal 1" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 1" EXACT [MA:0001364] synonym: "metacarpal bone of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal I" EXACT [FMA:23899] synonym: "metacarpal of first digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ]" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Pollex ; Digitus primus [ I ] metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0010616 xref: EMAPA:19112 xref: FMA:23899 xref: MA:0001364 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_1 xref: SCTID:181973009 is_a: UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004338 intersection_of: UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010570 ! manual digit 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 property_value: ray_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003646 name: metacarpal bone of digit 2 synonym: "2 nd digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2 nd finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 2 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit 2 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal 2" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 2" EXACT [MA:0001365] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal II" EXACT [FMA:23900] synonym: "metacarpal of 2 nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of 2 nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23900] xref: AAO:0000853 xref: EMAPA:19114 xref: FMA:23900 xref: MA:0001365 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_2 xref: SCTID:263399007 is_a: UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004328 intersection_of: UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010571 ! manual digit 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with the prepollex and carpal 2(1) or carpal 2+3(1+2) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit II(I) distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000853", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: ray_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003647 name: metacarpal bone of digit 3 synonym: "3 rd digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3 rd finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 3 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit 3 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal 3" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 3" EXACT [MA:0001366] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal III" EXACT [FMA:23901] synonym: "metacarpal of 3 rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of 3 rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23901] xref: AAO:0000854 xref: EMAPA:19116 xref: FMA:23901 xref: MA:0001366 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_3 xref: SCTID:263400000 is_a: UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004329 intersection_of: UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010572 ! manual digit 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with carpal 3(2) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit III(II) distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000854", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: ray_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003648 name: metacarpal bone of digit 4 synonym: "4 th digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4 th finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger 4 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "fourth finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23902] synonym: "hand digit 4 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal 4" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 4" EXACT [MA:0001367] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal IV" EXACT [FMA:23902] synonym: "metacarpal of 4 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of 4 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0010615 xref: EMAPA:19118 xref: FMA:23902 xref: MA:0001367 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_4 xref: SCTID:263401001 is_a: UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004330 intersection_of: UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010573 ! manual digit 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 property_value: ray_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003649 name: metacarpal bone of digit 5 comment: note FMA also has FMA:36782 synonym: "5 th digit of hand metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th digit of hand metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5 th finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:23903] synonym: "finger 5 metacarpus" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit 5 metacarpal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 metacarpal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal 5" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone digit 5" EXACT [MA:0001368] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal bone of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of 5 th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of 5 th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal V" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000855 xref: EMAPA:19120 xref: FMA:23903 xref: MA:0001368 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpal_Bone_Digit_5 xref: SCTID:263402008 is_a: UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004331 intersection_of: UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010574 ! manual digit 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell shaped bones of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with carpal 5(4) proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit V(IV) distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000855", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: ray_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003650 name: metatarsal bone of digit 1 synonym: "first metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24502] synonym: "foot digit 1 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hallux metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 1" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 1" EXACT [MA:0001369] synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal bone of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal I" EXACT [AAO:0000925] synonym: "toe 1 metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 1 metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000925 xref: EMAPA:19123 xref: FMA:24502 xref: MA:0001369 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_1 xref: SCTID:182121005 is_a: UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004332 intersection_of: UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004332 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010557 ! pedal digit 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004332 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1 property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with the prepollex and tarsal 1 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit I distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000925", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: ray_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003651 name: metatarsal bone of digit 2 synonym: "foot digit 2 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 2" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 2" EXACT [MA:0001370] synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal II" EXACT [AAO:0000926] synonym: "second metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24503] synonym: "toe 2 metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 2 metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000926 xref: EMAPA:19125 xref: FMA:24503 xref: MA:0001370 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_2 xref: SCTID:182128004 is_a: UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004333 intersection_of: UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004333 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010558 ! pedal digit 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004333 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2 property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 2 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit II distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000926", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: ray_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003652 name: metatarsal bone of digit 3 synonym: "foot digit 3 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 3" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 3" EXACT [MA:0001371] synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal III" EXACT [AAO:0000927] synonym: "third metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24504] synonym: "toe 3 metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 3 metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000927 xref: EMAPA:19127 xref: FMA:24504 xref: MA:0001371 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_3 xref: SCTID:182134006 is_a: UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004334 intersection_of: UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004334 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010559 ! pedal digit 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004334 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3 property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 3 proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit III distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000927", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: ray_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003653 name: metatarsal bone of digit 4 synonym: "foot digit 4 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24505] synonym: "metatarsal 4" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 4" EXACT [MA:0001372] synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal IV" EXACT [AAO:0000928] synonym: "toe 4 metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 4 metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000928 xref: EMAPA:19129 xref: FMA:24505 xref: MA:0001372 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_4 xref: SCTID:182139001 is_a: UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004335 intersection_of: UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004335 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010560 ! pedal digit 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004335 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4 property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 4 or the distal head of the tibiale-fibulare proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit IV distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000928", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: ray_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003654 name: metatarsal bone of digit 5 synonym: "fifth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:24506] synonym: "foot digit 5 metatarsal bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 5" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone digit 5" EXACT [MA:0001373] synonym: "metatarsal bone of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal V" EXACT [AAO:0000929] synonym: "toe 5 metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "toe 5 metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000929 xref: EMAPA:19131 xref: FMA:24506 xref: MA:0001373 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsal_Bone_Digit_5 xref: SCTID:182144008 is_a: UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004336 intersection_of: UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004336 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010561 ! pedal digit 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004336 ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5 property_value: external_definition "Dumb-bell-shaped bone of endochondral origin with cartilaginous epiphyses that articulates with tarsal 5 or the distal head of the tibiale-fibulare proximally and with the proximal phalanx of digit V distally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000929", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: ray_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0003655 name: molar tooth def: "Molars are the rearmost and most complicated kind of tooth in most mammals." [Wikipedia:Molar_(tooth)] comment: Adult humans have twelve molars, in four groups of three at the back of the mouth. The third, rearmost molar in each group is called a wisdom tooth. It is the last tooth to appear, breaking through the surface of the gum at about the age of twenty, although this varies from individual to individual. Ethnicity can also have an impact on the age at which this occurs, with statistical variations between groups. The human mouth contains upper (maxillary) and lower (mandibular) molars. They are: maxillary first molar, maxillary second molar, maxillary third molar, mandibular first molar, mandibular second molar, and mandibular third molar. synonym: "dens molaris" EXACT [Wikipedia:Molar_%28tooth%29] synonym: "molar" EXACT [MA:0000350] synonym: "molaris" EXACT [BTO:0001759] xref: BTO:0001759 xref: FMA:55638 xref: MA:0000350 xref: MESH:A.14.254.860.525 xref: ncithesaurus:Molar_Tooth xref: SCTID:362115002 is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0003656 name: mesopodium bone def: "A bone that is part of a mesopodium skeleton[cjm]. The carpus (wrist) and tarsus (ankle) of land vertebrates primitively had three rows of carpal or tarsal bones. Often some of these have become lost or fused in evolution. Three proximals. In the hand humans has all three. In the foot the middle proximal appears in 5-15% of people as an os trigonum. Centrale or os centrale, on the medial side. In humans and our closest relatives the African apes (chimpanzees and gorillas) it fuses to the scaphoid where it forms the articulation with the trapezoid bone; occasionally it stays separate. In Man's foot it is the navicular. Some early land vertebrates had more than one (up to three) os centrale per hand or foot. Distals, one per finger / toe at the base of each metacarpal or metatarsal. In mammals the 4th and 5th fuse. In the horse the 1st is lost[WP]." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Carpus_and_tarsus_of_land_vertebrates] synonym: "basipodium bone" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "carpal/tarsal bone" EXACT [MA:0000295] synonym: "mesopodium bone" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000295 is_a: UBERON:0011250 ! autopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006716 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region relationship: part_of UBERON:0009878 ! mesopodium skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0003657 name: limb joint def: "Any joint that is part of a (free) limb." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Most limb joints are synovial, but a few such as the tibiofibular joints are syndesmoses subset: grouping_class synonym: "joint of limb" EXACT [] synonym: "joint of limb skeletal system" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "skeletal limb joint" EXACT [GO:0036023] xref: EMAPA:19204 xref: galen:LimbJoint xref: MA:0000691 xref: SCTID:312683002 is_a: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0003658 name: hip muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a hip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of hip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of hip region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of regio coxae" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "regio coxae muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000657 is_a: UBERON:0010890 ! pelvic complex muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip [Term] id: UBERON:0003659 name: pedal digit muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a toe [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit muscle" EXACT [MA:0000648] synonym: "foot digit muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000648 is_a: UBERON:0001498 ! muscle of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003660 name: eyelid muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blepharon muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "eyelid muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of blepharon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000269 xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelid_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0004253 ! skin muscle is_a: UBERON:0004277 ! eye muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0003661 name: limb muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a limb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000692 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0003662 name: forelimb muscle alt_id: UBERON:0005634 comment: AO notes: FMA and MA class actually refer to muscles of entire pectoral complex synonym: "arm muscle system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000141] synonym: "fore limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forelimb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "free upper limb muscle" EXACT [FMA:37348] synonym: "muscle of free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:37348] synonym: "muscle of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:9621] synonym: "musculature of arm" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "musculature of the arm" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "wing muscle" NARROW SENSU [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782] xref: AAO:0000204 xref: BTO:0000479 xref: FMA:37348 is_a: UBERON:0003661 ! limb muscle is_a: UBERON:0010891 ! pectoral complex muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003663 name: hindlimb muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "free lower limb muscle" EXACT [FMA:37368] synonym: "hind limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:37368] synonym: "muscle of posterior limb" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "muscle organ of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0000222 xref: EFO:0001928 xref: FMA:37368 is_a: UBERON:0003661 ! limb muscle is_a: UBERON:0010890 ! pelvic complex muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003664 name: manual digit muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit muscle" EXACT [MA:0000624] synonym: "hand digit muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000624 is_a: UBERON:0001500 ! muscle of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003665 name: tail muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a tail [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caudal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "muscle organ of post-vent region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of tail" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "post-vent region muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tail muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0000081 xref: BTO:0001905 xref: MA:0000699 xref: SCTID:113230005 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0003666 name: upper jaw molar def: "A molar tooth that is part of a upper jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "maxillary secondary molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55720] synonym: "molar tooth of palatoquadrate arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "molar tooth of upper jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "palatoquadrate arch molar tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper jaw molar tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper permanent molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55720] synonym: "upper primary molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:84210] synonym: "upper secondary molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55720] xref: EHDAA2:0002125 xref: EHDAA:8053 xref: EMAPA:17942 xref: FMA:55720 xref: MA:0001603 xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Jaw_Molar xref: SCTID:422318005 is_a: UBERON:0003267 ! tooth of upper jaw is_a: UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 intersection_of: UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0003667 name: lower jaw molar def: "A molar tooth that is part of a lower jaw [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower jaw molar tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower permanent molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55721] synonym: "lower primary molar tooth" NARROW [FMA:84213] synonym: "lower secondary molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55721] synonym: "mandibular secondary molar tooth" RELATED [FMA:55721] synonym: "molar tooth of lower jaw" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "molar tooth of ventral mandibular arch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventral mandibular arch molar tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001025 xref: EHDAA:8017 xref: EMAPA:17921 xref: FMA:55721 xref: MA:0001602 xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Jaw_Molar xref: SCTID:421482001 is_a: UBERON:0003268 ! tooth of lower jaw is_a: UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 intersection_of: UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0003668 name: synovial bursa def: "a small fluid-filled sac lined by synovial membrane with an inner capillary layer of slimy fluid. It provides a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles around a joint. This helps to reduce friction between the bones and allows free movement. Bursae are filled with synovial fluid and are found around most major joints of the body." [Wikipedia:Synovial_bursa] subset: organ_slim synonym: "bursa" BROAD [FMA:9692] synonym: "bursa synovialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Synovial_bursa] xref: FMA:9692 xref: GAID:252 xref: galen:Bursa xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray350.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Gray350.png/200px-Gray350.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.156 xref: ncithesaurus:Synovial_Bursa xref: SCTID:182483003 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ [Term] id: UBERON:0003669 name: fascia lata def: "The fascia lata is the deep fascia of the thigh. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Fascia_lata] xref: FMA:13902 xref: GAID:117 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Gray431.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Gray431.png/200px-Gray431.png xref: MESH:A.02.340.424 xref: ncithesaurus:Fascia_Lata xref: SCTID:361911008 is_a: UBERON:0004266 ! upper leg connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0011236 ! deep fascia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0003670 name: smegma def: "a combination of exfoliated (shed) epithelial cells, transudated skin oils, and moisture. It occurs in both female and male mammalian genitalia[WP]." [Wikipedia:Smegma] xref: FMA:19656 xref: GAID:1170 xref: MESH:A.12.200.769 xref: ncithesaurus:Smegma is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion [Term] id: UBERON:0003671 name: anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint synonym: "anterior cruciate ligament" EXACT [FMA:44614] xref: FMA:44614 xref: GAID:122 xref: galen:AnteriorCruciateLigament xref: MESH:A.02.513.514.100 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Cruciate_Ligament xref: OpenCyc:Mx4r77KC8RuaEd2f4ADggVfexA xref: SCTID:182443006 is_a: UBERON:0006659 ! cruciate ligament of knee [Term] id: UBERON:0003672 name: dentition comment: In FMA this is an anatomical set synonym: "dentes" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75150, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of teeth" EXACT [FMA:75150] synonym: "teeth" EXACT [FMA:75150] synonym: "teeth" RELATED [] synonym: "teeth set" EXACT [FMA:75150] xref: AAO:0000126 xref: FMA:75150 xref: GAID:1249 xref: MESH:A.14.254 xref: ncithesaurus:Dentition xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi65JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245543004 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_part UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 {source="FMA"} ! mouth relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Dentition refers to set of teeth, especially with regard to their number, kind, and arrangement, in the mouth.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000126", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003673 name: ligamentum flavum synonym: "flaval ligament" RELATED [GAID:126] xref: FMA:13423 xref: GAID:126 xref: MESH:A.02.513.514.287 xref: ncithesaurus:Ligamentum_Flavum xref: SCTID:244598002 is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0003674 name: cuspid def: "In mammalian oral anatomy, the canine teeth, also called cuspids, dogteeth, fangs, or (in the case of those of the upper jaw) eye teeth, are relatively long, pointed teeth. However, they can appear more flattened, causing them to resemble incisors and leading them to be called incisiform. They evolved and are used primarily for firmly holding food in order to tear it apart, and occasionally as weapons. They are often the largest teeth in a mammal's mouth. Most species that develop them normally have four per individual, two in the upper jaw and two in the lower, separated within each jaw by its incisors; humans and dogs are examples. In most animals, canines are the anterior-most teeth in the maxillary bone. The four canines in humans are the two maxillary canines and the two mandibular canines." [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "canine %28tooth%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "canine eminence" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "canine teeth" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "canine teeth" RELATED [GAID:1262] synonym: "canine tooth" RELATED [GAID:1262] synonym: "cuspid" EXACT [FMA:55636] synonym: "cuspis dentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:55636, FMA:TA] synonym: "dens caninus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "dentes canini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "dogtooth %28anatomy%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "eye teeth" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "eye tooth" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "eyeteeth" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "eyetooth" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] synonym: "fang" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canine_tooth] xref: FMA:55636 xref: GAID:1262 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Azawakh_K9.jpg xref: MESH:A.14.254.860.200 xref: ncithesaurus:Canine_Tooth xref: SCTID:88719004 is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0003675 name: tooth crown synonym: "anatomical crown" EXACT [FMA:55623] synonym: "corona dentis" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Corona_Dentis] synonym: "crown" RELATED [] synonym: "crown of tooth" EXACT [FMA:55623] synonym: "tooth crown" EXACT [FMA:55623] xref: FMA:55623 xref: GAID:1275 xref: MESH:A.14.254.900.710 xref: ncithesaurus:Corona_Dentis xref: SCTID:362106009 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0003676 name: patellar ligament def: "The central portion of the common tendon of the quadriceps femoris. It is attached to the apex of the PATELLA and to the lower part of the tubercle of the TIBIA." [MESH:A.02.513.514.475, Wikipedia:Patellar_ligament] synonym: "central band of tendon of quadriceps femoris" EXACT [FMA:44581] synonym: "ligamentum patella" EXACT [FMA:44581] synonym: "patellar tendon" RELATED [] xref: EMAPA:18509 xref: EMAPA:19139 xref: FMA:44581 xref: GAID:128 xref: galen:LigamentumPatellae xref: MESH:A.02.513.514.475 xref: ncithesaurus:Patellar_Ligament xref: SCTID:244639004 is_a: UBERON:0011088 ! ligament of knee joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: connects UBERON:0002446 ! patella relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 {source="FMA"} ! knee joint [Term] id: UBERON:0003677 name: tooth root synonym: "radix corona" EXACT [FMA:55624] synonym: "root of tooth" EXACT [FMA:55624] synonym: "tooth root" EXACT [FMA:55624] xref: FMA:55624 xref: GAID:1280 xref: MESH:A.14.254.900.750 xref: SCTID:245728004 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0003678 name: tooth apex synonym: "apex of tooth" EXACT [FMA:63000] synonym: "apical foramen" RELATED [GAID:1281] synonym: "tooth apex" EXACT [FMA:63000] synonym: "tooth apice" RELATED [GAID:1281] xref: FMA:63000 xref: GAID:1281 xref: MESH:A.14.254.900.750.700 is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0003679 name: mouth floor synonym: "floor of mouth" EXACT [FMA:86592] synonym: "sublingual region" RELATED [GAID:1283] xref: EFO:0001923 xref: FMA:86592 xref: GAID:1283 xref: MESH:A.14.549.441 xref: ncithesaurus:Floor_of_the_Mouth xref: SCTID:245786002 is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0003680 name: posterior cruciate ligament of knee joint synonym: "posterior cruciate ligament" EXACT [FMA:44617] xref: FMA:44617 xref: GAID:129 xref: galen:PosteriorCruciateLigament xref: MESH:A.02.513.514.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Cruciate_Ligament xref: SCTID:182445004 is_a: UBERON:0006659 ! cruciate ligament of knee [Term] id: UBERON:0003681 name: masticatory muscle def: "In humans: Muscles arising in the zygomatic arch that close the jaw. Their nerve supply is masseteric from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. (From Stedman, 25th ed)" [MESH:A.02.633.567.600, Wikipedia:Muscles_of_mastication] comment: Usage notes: we use this specifically for a jaw muscle that is innervates by the mandibular nerve. Development notes: Masticatory muscles (MM) originate from the somitomeres. These muscles develop late and are not complete even at birth. Tongue muscles develop before masticatory muscles and complete by birth [http://php.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology] synonym: "jaw muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "muscle of mastication" EXACT [] synonym: "musculi masticatorii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Muscles_of_mastication] synonym: "musculi masticatorii" RELATED [Wikipedia:Muscles_of_mastication] xref: FMA:74060 xref: GAID:145 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray781.png xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_of_the_Mastication xref: SCTID:244769003 is_a: UBERON:0011648 ! jaw muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {source="dbpedia"} ! mandibular nerve relationship: has_part UBERON:0001134 {source="MESH"} ! skeletal muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0003682 name: palatal muscle def: "The muscles of the palate are the glossopalatine, palatoglossus, levator palati(ni), musculus uvulae, palatopharyngeus, and tensor palati(ni)." [MESH:A.02.633.567.750, Wikipedia:Muscles_of_soft_palate_and_fauces] comment: Editor notes: consider extra class for fauces. AO notes: see also FMA:71438 synonym: "muscle of palate" EXACT [FMA:46726] synonym: "musculi palati mollis et faucium" EXACT [] synonym: "musculi palati mollis et faucium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Muscles_of_soft_palate_and_fauces] synonym: "palatal muscle" EXACT [FMA:46726] synonym: "palate muscle" EXACT [FMA:46726] synonym: "palatine muscle" EXACT [FMA:46726] xref: FMA:46726 xref: GAID:151 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Gray1028.png xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.750 xref: ncithesaurus:Palatal_Muscle xref: SCTID:244794002 xref: SCTID:73711005 is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001759 {source="dbpedia", notes="Vagus except tensor veli palatini"} ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003683 name: rotator cuff def: "a group of muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder. The four muscles of the rotator cuff are over half of the seven scapulohumeral muscles" [Wikipedia:Rotator_cuff] synonym: "musculotendinous cuff" EXACT [FMA:37018] synonym: "rotator cuff" EXACT [FMA:37018] synonym: "tendinous cuff" EXACT [FMA:37018] xref: FMA:37018 xref: GAID:160 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.912 xref: ncithesaurus:Rotator_Cuff is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0003684 name: abdominal cavity def: "body cavity of the human body (and animal bodies) that holds the bulk of the viscera. It is located below (or inferior to) the thoracic cavity, and above the pelvic cavity. It is a part of the abdominopelvic cavity. Organs of the abdominal cavity include the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, kidneys, and large intestine. The abdominal cavity is lined with a protective membrane termed the peritoneum. The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity behind the peritoneum, in the retroperitoneum. The viscera are also covered, in the front, with a layer of peritoneum called the greater omentum (or omental apron)." [Wikipedia:Abdominal_cavity] synonym: "cavitas abdominis" RELATED [GAID:17] synonym: "cavitas abdominis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abdominal_cavity] synonym: "cavity of abdominal compartment" EXACT [FMA:12266] synonym: "cavity of compartment of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:12266] synonym: "space of abdominal compartment" EXACT [FMA:12266] xref: EFO:0000213 xref: FMA:12266 xref: GAID:17 xref: galen:AbdominalCavity xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg/200px-Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg.png xref: MESH:A.01.047.025 xref: ncithesaurus:Abdominal_Cavity xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvZR1TJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361294009 is_a: UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0003685 name: cranial suture def: "Fibrous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages of the skull are connected by sutural ligaments (scant amount of collagenous dense connective tissue). Examples: sagittal suture, frontal suture." [FMA:71385, ISBN:3110148986, Wikipedia:Suture] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cranium suture" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sutura" EXACT [] synonym: "suture" EXACT [FMA:71385] synonym: "suture joint of skull" EXACT [SCTID:244509003] synonym: "suture of cranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:7493 xref: GAID:211 xref: MA:0001475 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.200 xref: SCTID:244509003 is_a: UBERON:0009198 {source="GO"} ! craniofacial suture relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 intersection_of: UBERON:0002209 ! fibrous joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium relationship: induced_by UBERON:0002363 {source="PMID:16496288"} ! dura mater relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium [Term] id: UBERON:0003686 name: tooth socket def: "Dental alveolus (plural, alveoli) are sockets in the jaws in which the roots of teeth are held in the alveolar process of maxilla with the periodontal ligament. The lay term for dental alveoli is tooth sockets. A joint that connect the roots of the teeth and the alveolus are called gomphosis (plural gomphoses). In mammals, tooth sockets are found in the maxilla and the mandible. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Dental_alveolus] synonym: "alveolus dentali" RELATED [GAID:217] synonym: "alveolus dentalis" RELATED [GAID:217] synonym: "alveolus dentalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dental_alveolus] synonym: "dental alveolus" EXACT [FMA:57490] synonym: "dental alveolus" RELATED [GAID:217] xref: FMA:57490 xref: GAID:217 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Alveole_zahn.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Alveole_zahn.jpg/200px-Alveole_zahn.jpg xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.502.125.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Tooth_Socket xref: SCTID:288323008 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0004103 {source="MESH-modified"} ! alveolar ridge [Term] id: UBERON:0003687 name: foramen magnum def: "In anatomy, in the occipital bone, the foramen magnum is one of the several oval or circular apertures in the base of the skull, through which the medulla oblongata (an extension of the spinal cord) enters and exits the skull vault. Apart from the transmission of the medulla oblongata and its membranes, the foramen magnum transmits the Spinal Accessory nerve, vertebral arteries, the anterior and posterior spinal arteries, the membrana tectoria and alar ligaments. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Foramen_magnum] subset: vertebrate_core xref: AAO:0010826 xref: FMA:75306 xref: GAID:228 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Gray130.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Gray130.png/200px-Gray130.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.572.434 xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_Magnum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwOm-FpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244679008 xref: TAO:0002045 xref: ZFA:0005387 is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone property_value: external_definition "Foramen in the occipital region of neurocranium to allow passage of spinal cord.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002045", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003688 name: omentum xref: EV:0100084 xref: FMA:14650 xref: GAID:23 xref: galen:Omentum xref: MESH:A.01.047.025.600.573 xref: ncithesaurus:Omentum xref: SCTID:362710002 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001178 ! visceral peritoneum [Term] id: UBERON:0003689 name: sella turcica def: "The sella turcica is a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone at the base of the human skull. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sella_turcica] comment: Editor notes: for consistency with FMA we have a separate class for the cavity of the sella turcica synonym: "suprasellar" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sella_turcica] synonym: "Turkey Chair" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sella_turcica] synonym: "turkish saddle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sella_turcica] xref: FMA:54709 xref: GAID:231 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray145.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Gray145.png/200px-Gray145.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.802.662 xref: ncithesaurus:Sella_Turcica xref: SCTID:368554001 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="FMA"} ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0009639 {source="FMA"} ! body of sphenoid [Term] id: UBERON:0003690 name: sacrum def: "The sacrum is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine and at the upper and back part of the pelvic cavity, where it is inserted like a wedge between the two hip bones. Its upper part connects with the last lumbar vertebra, and bottom part with the coccyx (tailbone). In children, it consists of usually five unfused vertebrae which begin to fuse between ages 16-18 and are usually completely fused into a single bone by age 26. It is curved upon itself and placed obliquely (that is, tilted forward). It is kyphotic — that is, concave facing forwards. The base projects forward as the sacral promontory internally, and articulates with the last lumbar vertebra to form the prominent sacrovertebral angle. The central part is curved outward towards the posterior, allowing greater room for the pelvic cavity. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Sacrum] synonym: "os sacrum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sacrum] synonym: "os sacrum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sacrum] synonym: "os sacrum [vertebrae sacrales i - v]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16202, FMA:TA] synonym: "sacral bone" RELATED [FMA:16202] synonym: "sacrum [sacral vertebrae i - v]" EXACT [FMA:16202] synonym: "sacrum [sacral vertebrae I-V]" EXACT [FMA:16202] xref: AAO:0000552 xref: EFO:0003071 xref: FMA:16202 xref: GAID:241 xref: galen:Sacrum xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Gray95.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Gray95.png/200px-Gray95.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.834.717 xref: ncithesaurus:Sacrum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmBKnJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:264186006 is_a: UBERON:0003828 ! abdominal segment bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005179 ! pelvis organ is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004621 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! lumbar vertebra 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 {source="FMA"} ! vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0001270 {source="FMA"} ! bony pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0005473 {source="FMA"} ! sacral region property_value: external_definition "Enlarged vertebra with transverse processes (diapophyses), and ocassionally ribs, that are modified and elaborated for support of the pelvic girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000552", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994"} property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0001094 [Term] id: UBERON:0003691 name: epidural space synonym: "extradural space" EXACT [FMA:71228] synonym: "spatium extradurale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71228, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:71228 xref: GAID:243 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.834.803.350 xref: SCTID:281866004 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space [Term] id: UBERON:0003692 name: acromioclavicular joint def: "The gliding joint formed by the outer extremity of the clavicle and the inner margin of the acromion process of the scapula." [MESH:A.02.835.583.032, Wikipedia:Acromioclavicular_joint] synonym: "acromioclavicular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acromioclavicular_joint] synonym: "articulatio acromioclavicularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Acromioclavicular_joint] synonym: "scapuloclavicular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acromioclavicular_joint] xref: FMA:25898 xref: GAID:249 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Gray326.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Gray326.png/200px-Gray326.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.032 xref: ncithesaurus:Acromioclavicular_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwHhmSJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182166001 is_a: UBERON:0011108 {source="FMA"} ! synovial joint of pectoral girdle relationship: connects UBERON:0001105 relationship: connects UBERON:0006849 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: connects UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: connects UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 {source="FMA"} ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0003693 name: retroperitoneal space def: "anatomical space in the abdominal cavity behind (retro) the peritoneum. It has no specific delineating anatomical structures. Organs are retroperitoneal if they only have peritoneum on their anterior side." [Wikipedia:Retroperitoneum] synonym: "retroperitoneum" EXACT [FMA:15080] xref: EFO:0002806 xref: FMA:15080 xref: GAID:25 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Gray1126.png/200px-Gray1126.png xref: MESH:A.01.047.025.750 xref: ncithesaurus:Retroperitoneum xref: SCTID:243983004 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0003684 ! abdominal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0003694 name: atlanto-axial joint def: "The Atlanto-axial joint is of a complicated nature, comprising no fewer than four distinct joints. There is a pivot articulation between the odontoid process of the axis and the ring formed by the anterior arch and the transverse ligament of the atlas." [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint] synonym: "articulatio atlantoaxialis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint] synonym: "articulatio atlantoepistrophica" RELATED [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint] synonym: "atlanto axial joint" EXACT [GAID:250] synonym: "atlantoaxial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint] synonym: "atlantoaxial joint" EXACT [GAID:250] synonym: "lateral atlanto-axial joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint] synonym: "median atlanto-axial joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Atlanto-axial_joint] xref: FMA:25524 xref: GAID:250 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Gray304.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.097 xref: ncithesaurus:Atlanto-axial_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwUUIHpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361832004 is_a: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra relationship: connects UBERON:0001093 ! second cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0011138 ! post-cranial axial skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0003695 name: metacarpophalangeal joint def: "The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metacarpal bones into shallow cavities on the proximal ends of the first phalanges, with the exception of that of the thumb, which presents more of the characters of a ginglymoid joint. Arthritis of the MCP is a distinguishing feature of Rheumatoid Arthritis, as opposed to the distal interphalangeal joint in osteoarthritis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metacarpophalangeal_joint] comment: Editor notes: we follow FMA in making these joints part of digits. We include carpometacarpophalangeal joint as a synonym - these joints connect to the carpometacarpus - this is not necessarily inconsistent with the relationship for this class to metacarpal bone, as the carpometacarpus could be considered to have a metacarpal as part synonym: "articulationes metacarpophalangeae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metacarpophalangeal_joint] synonym: "carpometacarpophalangeal joint" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782] synonym: "metacarpal joint" BROAD [FMA:35246] synonym: "metacarpal phalangeal joint" RELATED [HP:0004294] synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint" EXACT [MA:0000453] synonym: "MP joint" EXACT [FMA:35246] xref: EMAPA:19302 xref: FMA:35246 xref: GAID:255 xref: galen:MetacarpoPhalangealJoint xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray337.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Gray337.png/200px-Gray337.png xref: MA:0000453 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.345.512 xref: ncithesaurus:Metacarpophalangeal_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwNt8wJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280995004 is_a: UBERON:0001489 ! manus joint relationship: connects UBERON:0002234 relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003696 name: metatarsophalangeal joint def: "The metatarsophalangeal articulations are the joints between the metatarsal bones of the foot and the proximal bones of the toes . They are condyloid joints meaning an elliptical or rounded surface (of the metatarsal bones) come close to the shallow cavities (of the proximal phalanges). The ligaments are the plantar and two collateral." [Wikipedia:Metatarsophalangeal_articulations] comment: Editor notes: we follow FMA in making these joints part of digits synonym: "articulationes metatarsophalangeae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metatarsophalangeal_articulations] synonym: "metatarsal joint" RELATED [FMA:35222] synonym: "metatarsalphalangeal joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Metatarsophalangeal_articulations] synonym: "metatarsophalangeal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Metatarsophalangeal_articulations] synonym: "metatarsophalangeal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Metatarsophalangeal_articulations] xref: FMA:35222 xref: GAID:258 xref: galen:MetatarsoPhalangealJoint xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray268.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.378.531 xref: ncithesaurus:Metatarsophalangeal_Joint xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCtS0pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:239747005 xref: SCTID:302535003 is_a: UBERON:0001487 ! joint of pes relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 relationship: connects UBERON:0003867 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0003697 name: abdominal wall def: "The abdominal wall represents the boundaries of the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall is split into the posterior (back), lateral (sides) and anterior (front) walls. There is a common set of layers covering and forming all the walls: the deepest being the extraperitoneal fat, the parietal peritoneum, and a layer of fascia which has different names over where it covers (eg transversalis, psoas fascia). Superficial to these, but not present in the posterior wall are the three layers of muscle, the transversus abdominis (transverse abdominal muscle), the internal (obliquus internus) and the external oblique (obliquus externus)." [Wikipedia:Abdominal_wall] synonym: "layers of the abdominal wall" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abdominal_wall] synonym: "paries abdominalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Abdominal_wall] synonym: "paries abdominalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abdominal_wall] synonym: "wall of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:259054] synonym: "wall of abdomen proper" EXACT [FMA:10429] xref: FMA:10429 xref: FMA:259054 xref: GAID:26 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg xref: MESH:A.01.047.050 xref: ncithesaurus:Abdominal_Wall xref: SCTID:181613000 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0003698 name: subtalar joint def: "A joint of the pes that connects the talus and the calcaneus." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Subtalar_joint] synonym: "articulatio subtalaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:35198, FMA:TA] synonym: "articulatio talocalcanea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:35198, FMA:TA] synonym: "subtalar joint" EXACT [FMA:35198] synonym: "talocalcaneal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subtalar_joint] synonym: "talocalcaneal joint" RELATED [GAID:260] xref: FMA:35198 xref: GAID:260 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Subtalar_Joint.PNG xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.378.831.780 xref: ncithesaurus:Subtalar_Joint xref: SCTID:182213007 is_a: UBERON:0008447 {source="MESH"} ! intertarsal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 relationship: connects UBERON:0002395 intersection_of: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus relationship: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003699 name: pubic symphysis def: "the firm fibrocartilaginous joint in the median plane between the two opposing surfaces of the pubic bones, which are united by an interpubic disc of fibrocartilage as well as the superior and arcuate pubic ligaments." [MP:0009575, Wikipedia:Pubic_symphysis] comment: In birds, the pubic symphysis is present only in the ostrich, and the two hip bones are usually widely separated, making it easier to lay large eggs - Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977). The Vertebrate Body. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 188–192. ISBN 0-03-910284-X. subset: organ_slim synonym: "interpubic articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubic_symphysis] synonym: "symphisis pubis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubic_symphysis] synonym: "symphysis pubica, symphysis pubis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pubic_symphysis] synonym: "symphysis pubis" EXACT [FMA:16950] synonym: "symphysis pubis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubic_symphysis] xref: AAO:0000769 xref: FMA:16950 xref: GAID:267 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Gray321.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Gray321.png/200px-Gray321.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.656 xref: ncithesaurus:Pubic_Symphisis xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwGw9npwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:182200001 is_a: UBERON:0002216 {source="FMA"} ! symphysis relationship: connects UBERON:0011090 ! skeleton of right pelvic girdle relationship: connects UBERON:0011091 ! skeleton of left pelvic girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 {source="FMA"} ! pelvis property_value: external_definition "Medial attachment of the two halves of the pelvic girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000769", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003700 name: temporomandibular joint def: "A joint of the jaw that connects the mandible to a temporal bone. There are two TMJs, one on either side, working in unison. The unique feature of the TMJs is the articular disc. The disc is composed of fibrocartilagenous tissue (like the firm and flexible elastic cartilage of the ear) which is positioned between the two bones that form the joint. The TMJs are one of the only synovial joints in the human body with an articular disc, another being the sternoclavicular joint. The disc divides each joint into two. The lower joint compartment formed by the mandible and the articular disc is involved in rotational movement -- this is the initial movement of the jaw when the mouth opens. The upper joint compartment formed by the articular disk and the temporal bone is involved in translational movement -- this is the secondary gliding motion of the jaw as it is opened widely. The part of the mandible which mates to the under-surface of the disc is the condyle and the part of the temporal bone which mates to the upper surface of the disk is the glenoid (or mandibular) fossa[WP]." [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint] synonym: "articulatio temporomandibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint] synonym: "dentary-squamosal joint" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryT.html] synonym: "squamosal-dentary joint" RELATED [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryT.html] synonym: "tempero-mandibular joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint] synonym: "temperomandibular joint" EXACT [HP:0010754] synonym: "temporalmandibular joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint] synonym: "temporomandibular" RELATED [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint] synonym: "temporomandibular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint] synonym: "temporomandibular joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint] synonym: "TMJ" EXACT [BTO:0003674, Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint] xref: BTO:0003674 xref: EMAPA:19196 xref: FMA:54832 xref: GAID:272 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Gray309.png xref: MA:0002899 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.861 xref: ncithesaurus:Jaw_Joint xref: SCTID:181814009 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011171 ! jaw joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001695 relationship: connects UBERON:0004742 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001695 ! squamous part of temporal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004742 ! dentary relationship: connects UBERON:0001695 ! squamous part of temporal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004742 ! dentary relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011130 ! temporomandibular joint primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0003701 name: calcaneal tendon def: "The Achilles tendon is a tendon of the posterior leg. It serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone." [Wikipedia:Achilles_tendon] comment: AO notes: in FMA this is a ligament, and part of the muscle synonym: "Achille's tendon" EXACT [] synonym: "Achilles tendon" EXACT [MA:0002993] synonym: "Achilles' tendon" EXACT [] synonym: "calcaneal tendon" EXACT [FMA:51061] synonym: "tendo Achillis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Achilles_tendon] synonym: "tendo calcaneus" EXACT LATIN [MA:0002993] xref: FMA:51061 xref: GAID:277 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Achilles-tendon.jpg xref: MA:0002993 xref: MESH:A.02.880.176 xref: ncithesaurus:Achilles_Tendon xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjNX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181705009 is_a: UBERON:0000043 {source="MA"} ! tendon is_a: UBERON:0004270 ! lower leg connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 intersection_of: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus relationship: connects UBERON:0001383 ! muscle of leg relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001665 {source="FMA"} ! triceps surae [Term] id: UBERON:0003702 name: inguinal canal def: "The inguinal canal is a passage in the anterior (toward the front of the body) abdominal wall which in men conveys the spermatic cord + the ilioinguinal nerve and in women the round ligament + the ilioinguinal nerve. The inguinal canal is larger and more prominent in men. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Inguinal_canal] synonym: "canalis inguinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inguinal_canal] xref: EMAPA:19171 xref: EMAPA:26913 xref: FMA:19928 xref: GAID:28 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Gray1227.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gray1227.png/200px-Gray1227.png xref: MESH:A.01.047.412 xref: ncithesaurus:Inguinal_Canal xref: SCTID:243966008 is_a: UBERON:0004111 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical conduit relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0003697 {source="Wikipedia"} ! abdominal wall [Term] id: UBERON:0003703 name: extrahepatic bile duct def: "the passages external to the liver for the conveyance of bile." [MP:0009498] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bile duct extrahepatic part" RELATED [MA:0002659] synonym: "extrahepatic biliary system" RELATED [GAID:281] xref: FMA:14678 xref: GAID:281 xref: MA:0002659 xref: MESH:A.03.159.183.079 xref: ncithesaurus:Extrahepatic_Bile_Duct xref: SCTID:276158002 is_a: UBERON:0002394 ! bile duct property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002107 [Term] id: UBERON:0003704 name: intrahepatic bile duct def: "the passages within the liver for the conveyance of bile." [MP:0009497] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bile duct intrahepatic part" EXACT [MA:0001630] xref: FMA:15766 xref: GAID:287 xref: MA:0001630 xref: MESH:A.03.159.183.158 xref: ncithesaurus:Intrahepatic_Bile_Duct xref: SCTID:362193005 xref: TAO:0005169 xref: ZFA:0005169 is_a: UBERON:0002394 ! bile duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver property_value: external_definition "Duct that collects bile from the bile ductules and connects to the extrahepatic bile duct.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005169", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003705 name: meckel's diverticulum def: "a small bulge in the small intestine present at birth. It is a vestigial remnant of the omphalomesenteric duct" [Wikipedia:Meckel's_diverticulum] comment: AO notes: finding in ncit synonym: "diverticulum of meckel" EXACT [FMA:14967] synonym: "ileal diverticulum" EXACT [FMA:14967] synonym: "meckel diverticulum" RELATED [GAID:317] synonym: "meckel's diverticulum" EXACT [FMA:14967] synonym: "meckels diverticulum" RELATED [GAID:317] xref: FMA:14967 xref: GAID:317 xref: galen:MeckelsDiverticulum xref: MESH:A.03.492.411.620.484.612 xref: ncithesaurus:Meckel_Diverticulum is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006590 ! vestigial embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007105 {source="Wikipedia"} ! vitelline duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum [Term] id: UBERON:0003706 name: vocal cord def: "Either of two pairs of folds of mucous membrane projecting into the larynx." [Medical_Dictionary:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/] synonym: "plica vocalis" RELATED [BTO:0005084] synonym: "Stimmband" RELATED [BTO:0005084] synonym: "Stimmlippe" RELATED [BTO:0005084] synonym: "true vocal cord" EXACT [FMA:55457] synonym: "vocal band" RELATED [BTO:0005084] synonym: "vocal chord" RELATED [BTO:0005084] synonym: "vocal cord" EXACT [FMA:55457] synonym: "vocal fold" RELATED [GAID:344] xref: BTO:0005084 xref: EMAPA:19181 xref: FMA:55457 xref: GAID:344 xref: MESH:A.04.329.364.737 xref: ncithesaurus:Vocal_Cord xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVieepwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245504003 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 {source="FMA"} ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0002486 {source="BTO"} ! glottis [Term] id: UBERON:0003707 name: sinus of Valsalva def: "one of the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta, which occurs just above the aortic valve." [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus] synonym: "aortic sinus" RELATED [GAID:472] synonym: "Petit's sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus] synonym: "sinus aorta" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus] synonym: "sinus aortae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus] synonym: "sinus aortae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus] synonym: "sinus of Morgagni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus] synonym: "sinus of Otto" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aortic_sinus] synonym: "Valsalva sinus" RELATED [GAID:472] xref: EMAPA:18625 xref: FMA:3745 xref: GAID:472 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Gray497.png xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.056.847 xref: ncithesaurus:Sinus_of_Valsava xref: SCTID:277732004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0010172 {source="MP"} ! bulb of aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0003708 name: carotid sinus def: "In human anatomy, the carotid sinus is a localized dilation of the internal carotid artery at its origin, the common carotid artery bifurcation. A synonym for the carotid sinus is the carotid bulb. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Carotid_sinus] synonym: "sinus caroticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Carotid_sinus] xref: EMAPA:19320 xref: FMA:50094 xref: GAID:482 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Gray513.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Gray513.png/200px-Gray513.png xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.186.456 xref: SCTID:281137000 is_a: UBERON:0001530 ! common carotid artery plus branches [Term] id: UBERON:0003709 name: circle of Willis def: "a circle of arteries that supply blood to the brain. The Circle of Willis comprises the following arteries: Anterior cerebral artery (left and right); Anterior communicating artery; Internal carotid artery (left and right); Posterior cerebral artery (left and right); Posterior communicating artery (left and right).The basilar artery and middle cerebral arteries, supplying the brain, are also considered part of the circle" [Wikipedia:Circle_of_Willis] comment: In zebrafish, the circle of vessels comprised of the basal communicating artery (BCA) and posterior communicating segments (PCS) superficially resemble but are not homologous to the human circle of Willis[http://zfish.nichd.nih.gov/zfatlas/Intro%20Page/comparative.html]. Editor note: synonym: "arterial circle" BROAD [Wikipedia:Circle_of_Willis] synonym: "arterial circle of Willis" EXACT [] synonym: "cerebral arterial circle" RELATED [GAID:486] synonym: "circulus arteriosus cerebri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Circle_of_Willis] synonym: "Willis circle" RELATED [GAID:486] xref: EHDAA2:0000252 xref: EHDAA:9758 xref: FMA:50454 xref: GAID:486 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg/200px-Circle_of_Willis_en.svg.png xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.228.351 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwSrCwJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362047009 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007142 {source="FMA-modified"} ! left internal carotid artery relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007143 {source="FMA-modified"} ! right internal carotid artery [Term] id: UBERON:0003710 name: vasa vasorum def: "Nutrient blood vessels which supply the walls of large arteries or veins." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasa_vasorum, MESH:A.07.231.836] comment: Taxon notes: The aorta of swine contains a vaso vasorum like humans - http://www.nal.usda.gov/awic/pubs/swine/swine.htm#art xref: FMA:77433 xref: GAID:526 xref: MESH:A.07.231.836 xref: ncithesaurus:Vasa_Vasorum xref: SCTID:7524009 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0003711 name: brachiocephalic vein def: "The left and right brachiocephalic veins in the upper chest are formed by the union of each corresponding internal jugular vein and subclavian vein. This is at the level of the sternoclavicular joint. These great vessels merge to form the superior vena cava. The brachiocephalic veins are the major veins returning blood to the superior vena cava." [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein] synonym: "brachiocephalic venous tree" EXACT [FMA:4723] synonym: "innomiate vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein] synonym: "innominate trunk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein] synonym: "innominate vein" EXACT [FMA:4723] synonym: "innominate vein" RELATED [GAID:529] synonym: "innominate vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein] synonym: "innominate veins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein] synonym: "vena brachiocephalica" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein] synonym: "vena brachiocephalica, venae anonymæ" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachiocephalic_vein] xref: EHDAA2:0000182 xref: EHDAA:9868 xref: FMA:4723 xref: GAID:529 xref: galen:BrachiocephalicVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray1174.png xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.130 xref: ncithesaurus:Innominate_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvz3aUJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181371003 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0007204 ! brachiocephalic vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0003712 name: cavernous sinus xref: EMAPA:19059 xref: FMA:50772 xref: GAID:532 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.224.334 xref: ncithesaurus:Cavernous_Sinus xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwKAVGJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244402005 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0003713 name: splenic vein def: "In anatomy, the splenic vein (in the past called the lienal vein) is the blood vessel that drains blood from the spleen. It joins with the superior mesenteric vein, to form the hepatic portal vein and follows a course superior to the pancreas, alongside of the similarly named artery, the splenic artery. It collects branches from the stomach and pancreas and most notably from the large intestine, which is drained by the inferior mesenteric vein and joins with splenic vein shortly before it forms the portal vein. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Splenic_vein] synonym: "vena lienalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Splenic_vein] xref: FMA:14331 xref: GAID:541 xref: galen:SplenicVein xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Bilebladder.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Gray1189.png/200px-Gray1189.png xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.670.730 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Vein xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwCt0eZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278029005 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0003714 name: neural tissue def: "Portion of tissue which consists of neurons, neuroglia and vasculature. Examples: Neural tissue of brain, neural tissue of peripheral ganglion, neural tissue of nerve[FMA]." [FMA:9642] comment: FMA definition includes vasculature synonym: "nerve tissue" EXACT [FMA:9642] synonym: "nervous tissue" EXACT [FMA:9642] synonym: "portion of neural tissue" EXACT [FMA:9642] xref: AAO:0000325 xref: AEO:0000123 xref: EHDAA2:0003123 xref: FMA:9642 xref: GAID:609 xref: MESH:A.08.561 xref: ncithesaurus:Nervous_Tissue xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rVmfYCsQ_QdeM_bFAeS8NRQ xref: SCTID:91728009 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0004755 ! skeletal tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system property_value: external_definition "One of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications. Cells forming the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000325", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003715 name: splanchnic nerve def: "the major nerves supplying sympathetic innervation to the abdomen, including the greater, lesser, and lowest (or smallest) splanchnic nerves that are formed by preganglionic fibers from the spinal cord which pass through the paravertebral ganglia and then to the celiac ganglia and plexuses and the lumbar splanchnic nerves carry fibers which pass through the lumbar paravertebral ganglia to the mesenteric and hypogastric ganglia." [MP:0008318] xref: FMA:5883 xref: GAID:800 xref: MESH:A.08.800.050.050.800 xref: SCTID:264198001 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003716 name: recurrent laryngeal nerve def: "A branch of the vagus nerve that supplies motor function and sensation to the larynx (voice box). It travels within the endoneurium. It is the nerve of the 6th Branchial Arch." [Wikipedia:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve] synonym: "inferior laryngeal nerve" RELATED [GAID:804] synonym: "nervus laryngeus recurrens" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve] synonym: "recurrent laryngeal nerve from vagus nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "recurrent nerve" BROAD [Wikipedia:Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve] synonym: "vagus X nerve recurrent laryngeal branch" EXACT [VHOG:0001347] xref: FMA:6246 xref: GAID:804 xref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray793.png xref: MESH:A.08.800.050.050.925.450.700 xref: SCTID:24227007 xref: VHOG:0001347 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003718 name: muscle spindle def: "the sensory organs in muscle that are involved in the stretch reflex." [MP:0004069] synonym: "muscle stretch receptor" RELATED [GAID:819] synonym: "neuromuscular spindle" EXACT [FMA:83607] synonym: "neuromuscular spindle" RELATED [GAID:819] xref: FMA:83607 xref: GAID:819 xref: MESH:A.08.800.550.700.500.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Spindle xref: SCTID:12945004 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003719 name: Pacinian corpuscle alt_id: UBERON:0003717 def: "any of the rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors found in subcutaneous tissue beneath both hairy and glabrous skin, and which normally contain an afferent nerve fiber surrounded by a capsule with multiple concentric layers." [MP:0000988, Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle] comment: AO notes: FMA treats pacinia and G-M as distinct synonym: "corpuscle of golgi-mazzoni" EXACT [FMA:83609] synonym: "corpusculum lamellosum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle] synonym: "golgi mazzoni corpuscle" RELATED [GAID:817] synonym: "golgi-mazzoni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "golgi-mazzoni corpuscle" EXACT [FMA:83609] synonym: "golgi-mazzoni corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "lamellar corpuscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle] synonym: "lamellated corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "pacinian body" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "Pacinian corpuscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lamellar_corpuscle] synonym: "pacinian corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "pacinian corpuscle end-organs" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "pacinian corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "vater-pacini corpuscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] synonym: "vater-pacini corpuscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pacinian_corpuscle] xref: FMA:83604 xref: FMA:83609 xref: GAID:817 xref: GAID:820 xref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray935.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray935.png/200px-Gray935.png xref: MESH:A.08.800.550.700.500.300 xref: MESH:A.08.800.550.700.500.700 xref: NIF_Subcellular:FMA_83604 xref: SCTID:37419002 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003720 name: anterior cranial fossa def: "The floor of the anterior fossa is formed by the orbital plates of the frontal, the cribriform plate of the ethmoid, and the small wings and front part of the body of the sphenoid; it is limited behind by the posterior borders of the small wings of the sphenoid and by the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove. The lesser wings of the sphenoid separate the anterior and middle fossae." [Wikipedia:Anterior_cranial_fossa] synonym: "anterior fossa" BROAD [] synonym: "fossa cranii anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_cranial_fossa] xref: FMA:9682 xref: GAID:83 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Gray193.png/200px-Gray193.png xref: MESH:A.01.456.830.150 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Fossa is_a: UBERON:0008789 ! cranial fossa relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium [Term] id: UBERON:0003721 name: lingual nerve xref: FMA:53218 xref: GAID:835 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.760.500.450 xref: SCTID:280260006 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000375 ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003722 name: middle cranial fossa def: "The compartment containing the anterior extremities and half the inferior surface of the temporal lobes (TEMPORAL LOBE) of the cerebral hemispheres. Lying posterior and inferior to the anterior cranial fossa (CRANIAL FOSSA, ANTERIOR), it is formed by part of the TEMPORAL BONE and SPHENOID BONE. It is separated from the posterior cranial fossa (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR) by crests formed by the superior borders of the petrous parts of the temporal bones[MESH]. The middle fossa, deeper than the anterior cranial fossa, is narrow medially and widens laterally to the sides of the skull. It is separated from the posterior fossa by the clivus and the petrous crest. It is bounded in front by the posterior margins of the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone, the anterior clinoid processes, and the ridge forming the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove; behind, by the superior angles of the petrous portions of the temporal bones and the dorsum sellC&; laterally by the temporal squamC&, sphenoidal angles of the parietals, and greater wings of the sphenoid. It is traversed by the squamosal, sphenoparietal, sphenosquamosal, and sphenopetrosal sutures[WP]." [MESH:A.01.456.830.165, Wikipedia:Middle_cranial_fossa] synonym: "fossa cranii media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_cranial_fossa] synonym: "middle fossa" BROAD [Wikipedia:Middle_cranial_fossa] xref: FMA:54369 xref: GAID:84 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png xref: MESH:A.01.456.830.165 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Fossa is_a: UBERON:0008789 ! cranial fossa relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium [Term] id: UBERON:0003723 name: vestibular nerve def: "The vestibular nerve is one of the two branches of the Vestibulocochlear nerve (the cochlear nerve being the other). It goes to the semicircular canals via the vestibular ganglion. It receives positional information. Axons of the vestibular nerve synapse in the vestibular nucleus on the lateral floor and wall of the fourth ventricle in the pons and medulla. It arises from bipolar cells in the vestibular ganglion, ganglion of Scarpa, which is situated in the upper part of the outer end of the internal auditory meatus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nerve] synonym: "nervus vestibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nerve] synonym: "scarpa ganglion" RELATED [GAID:840] synonym: "scarpa's ganglion" RELATED [GAID:840] synonym: "scarpas ganglion" RELATED [GAID:840] synonym: "vestibular root of acoustic nerve" EXACT [FMA:53401] synonym: "vestibular root of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53401] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII nerve vestibular component" EXACT [MA:0001111] xref: EHDAA2:0002200 xref: FMA:53401 xref: GAID:840 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg/200px-Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg xref: MA:0001111 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.910.900 xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvxAWX5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:362464003 xref: VHOG:0001181 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001648 ! vestibulocochlear nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003724 name: musculocutaneous nerve def: "The musculocutaneous nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus, opposite the lower border of the Pectoralis minor, its fibers being derived from C5, C6, C7. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Musculocutaneous_nerve] synonym: "casserio's nerve" EXACT [FMA:37064] synonym: "nervus musculocutaneus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Musculocutaneous_nerve] xref: FMA:37064 xref: GAID:844 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif/200px-Nerves_of_the_left_upper_extremity.gif xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.050.540 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvzp0l5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181019000 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003725 name: cervical plexus def: "The cervical plexus is a plexus of the ventral rami of the first four cervical spinal nerves which are located from C1 to C5 cervical segment in the neck. They are located laterally to the transverse processes between prevertebral muscles from the medial side and vertebral from lateral side. Here there is anastomosis with accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve and sympathetic trunk. It is located in the neck, deep to sternocleidomastoid. Nerves formed from the cervical plexus innervate the back of the head, as well as some neck muscles. The branches of the cervical plexus emerge from the posterior triangle at the nerve point, a point which lies midway on the posterior border of the Sternocleidomastoid[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_plexus] synonym: "cervical nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:5904] synonym: "cervical plexus" EXACT [FMA:5904] synonym: "plexus cervicalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5904, FMA:TA] synonym: "plexus cervicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cervical_plexus] xref: FMA:5904 xref: GAID:847 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Gray784.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Gray784.png/200px-Gray784.png xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.150 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvkEE3JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181107005 is_a: UBERON:0001813 ! somatic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0003726 name: thoracic nerve def: "The twelve spinal nerves on each side of the thorax. They include eleven INTERCOSTAL NERVES and one subcostal nerve. Both sensory and motor, they supply the muscles and skin of the thoracic and abdominal walls." [MESH:A.08.800.800.720.800] synonym: "pectoral nerve" RELATED [GAID:857] synonym: "thoracic spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5860] xref: FMA:5860 xref: GAID:857 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.800 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwSJp_ZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:360498003 is_a: UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003727 name: intercostal nerve def: "The intercostal nerves are the anterior divisions (rami anteriores; ventral divisions) of the thoracic spinal nerves from T1 to T11. Each nerve is connected with the adjoining ganglion of the sympathetic trunk by a gray and a white ramus communicans. The intercostal nerves are distributed chiefly to the thoracic pleura and abdominal peritoneum and differ from the anterior divisions of the other spinal nerves in that each pursues an independent course without plexus formation. The first two nerves supply fibers to the upper limb in addition to their thoracic branches; the next four are limited in their distribution to the parietes of the thorax; the lower five supply the parietes of the thorax and abdomen. The 7th intercostal nerve terminates at the xyphoid process, at the lower end of the sternum. The 10th intercostal nerve terminates at the umbilicus. The twelfth thoracic is distributed to the abdominal wall and groin. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Intercostal_nerves] synonym: "anterior ramus of thoracic nerve" EXACT [FMA:6028] synonym: "anterior ramus of thoracic spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:6028] synonym: "nervi intercostales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intercostal_nerves] synonym: "ramus anterior, nervus thoracicus" EXACT [FMA:6028] synonym: "thoracic anterior ramus" EXACT [FMA:6028] synonym: "ventral ramus of thoracic spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:6028] xref: EMAPA:18227 xref: FMA:6028 xref: GAID:858 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray819.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gray819.png/200px-Gray819.png xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.800.350 xref: ncithesaurus:Intercostal_Nerve xref: SCTID:279568001 is_a: UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0003728 name: mediastinum def: "The mediastinum is a non-delineated group of structures in the thorax, surrounded by loose connective tissue. It is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity. It contains the heart, the great vessels of the heart, esophagus, trachea, phrenic nerve, cardiac nerve, thoracic duct, thymus, and lymph nodes of the central chest. The mediastinum lies between the right and left pleura in and near the median sagittal plane of the chest. It extends from the sternum in front to the vertebral column behind, and contains all the thoracic viscera except the lungs. It may be divided for purposes of description into two parts:an upper portion, above the upper level of the pericardium, which is named the superior mediastinum with its superior limit at the superior thoracic opening and its inferior limit at the plane from the sternal angle to the disc of T4-T5 (Plane of Ludwig at Angle of Louis); and a lower portion, below the upper level of the pericardium. This lower portion is again subdivided into three parts, viz. that in front of the pericardium, the anterior mediastinum; that containing the pericardium and its contents, the middle mediastinum; and that behind the pericardium, the posterior mediastinum. It is surrounded by the chest wall anteriorly, the lungs laterally and the spine posteriorly. It is continuous with the loose connective tissue of the neck, and extends inferiorly onto the diaphragm." [Wikipedia:Mediastinum] synonym: "mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9826] xref: EFO:0003057 xref: FMA:9826 xref: GAID:94 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mediastinum.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Mediastinum.png/200px-Mediastinum.png xref: MESH:A.01.911.800.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Mediastinum xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv2OKJ5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181217005 is_a: UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0003729 name: mouth mucosa def: "the mucous membrane epithelium of the mouth. It can be divided into three categories: masticatory, lining, and specialized." [Wikipedia:Oral_mucosa] comment: ncit split mouth/oral mucosa into lip and buccal synonym: "adult mouth mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult mouth mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult mouth mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult mouth organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "buccal mucosa" RELATED [GAID:951] synonym: "mouth mucosa" EXACT [FMA:59660] synonym: "mouth mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mouth mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mouth organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of adult mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of adult mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosal lining of mouth" RELATED [MA:0002794] synonym: "mucous membrane of adult mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of mouth" EXACT [FMA:59660] synonym: "oral mucosa" RELATED [GAID:951] synonym: "oral part of viscerocranial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:59660] synonym: "organ mucosa of adult mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa oris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59660, FMA:TA] synonym: "tunica mucosa oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oral_mucosa] xref: BTO:0002860 xref: FMA:59660 xref: GAID:951 xref: MA:0002794 xref: MESH:A.10.615.550.599 xref: ncithesaurus:Oral_Mucosa is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0003820 name: prostate bud def: "A region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium destined to become the prostate[GO]." [GO:0060513] comment: AR activation releases instructive signals from UGM that acts on UGS epithelium (UGE) to stimulate cell proliferation, form prostate ductal progenitors (prostatic buds), and regulate cell adhesion dynamics to permit prostatic bud outgrowth. There are three phases of prostatic budding: (1) the specification phase, when instructive developmental cues define where buds will form in the UGS, (2) the initiation phase, when prostatic buds begin to form, and (3) the elongation phase, when proliferation, cell adhesion, and cell migration coordinate outgrowth of prostatic buds into UGM. Timing of prostatic bud formation and the quantity and pattern of buds that are formed in the UGS are strictly regulated [3, 4]. The position of prostatic buds as they emerge from the UGS in utero determines the arrangement of prostate ducts in adulthood.[PMID:18977204] synonym: "prostate ductal progenitor" EXACT [PMID:18977204] synonym: "prostatic bud" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005153 {source="GO:0060572"} ! epithelial bud is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009847 {source="PMID:18977204"} ! prostate field relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0003821 name: metacarpal/metatarsal bone synonym: "cannon bone" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "metacarpal or metatarsal bone" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal/metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "metapodium bone" EXACT [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/metapodial, UBERON:cjm] xref: MA:0000301 is_a: UBERON:0003606 ! limb long bone is_a: UBERON:0011250 ! autopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! skeleton of autopod [Term] id: UBERON:0003822 name: forelimb stylopod def: "A stylopod that is part of a forelimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: WP states: anatomical usage, the term arm refers specifically to the segment between the shoulder and the elbow, while the segment between the elbow and wrist is the forearm. However, in common, literary, and historical usage, arm refers to the entire upper limb from shoulder to wrist. FMA uses the term Arm for this class, so we place it here. // comment: todo - check fore propodium in AAO // Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group. TODO - add distinct term for skeleton and place AAO class here synonym: "arm" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:24890] synonym: "brachial region" EXACT [] synonym: "brachium" EXACT [VSAO:0005057] synonym: "fore propodium" EXACT [AAO:0000199] synonym: "forelimb propodium" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb stylopodial element" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "forelimb stylopodium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [] synonym: "regio brachialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24890, FMA:TA] synonym: "stylopod of arm" EXACT [] synonym: "stylopod of forelimb" EXACT [] synonym: "upper arm" EXACT [MA:0000035] xref: AAO:0000199 xref: EHDAA2:0002112 xref: EHDAA:4186 xref: EHDAA:6234 xref: EMAPA:17424 xref: FMA:24890 xref: galen:Arm xref: MA:0000035 xref: MESH:A.01.378.800.075 xref: ncithesaurus:Arm xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVj0Z5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:302538001 xref: VHOG:0000343 xref: VSAO:0005057 is_a: UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod is_a: UBERON:0008785 ! upper limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 {source="MA"} ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb property_value: external_definition "Segment of the hindleg corresponding to the humerus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000887", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000343", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003823 name: hindlimb zeugopod def: "A zeugopod that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: note that FMA:24979 denotes the middle segment (zeugopod), its placement here is correct. See obo-anatomy archives for discussion // Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group. TODO - add distinct term for skeleton and place AAO class here synonym: "calf" NARROW [] synonym: "calf of leg" EXACT [FMA:24984] synonym: "crus" EXACT [VSAO:0005060] synonym: "crus of hindlimb" EXACT [] synonym: "hind epipodium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeudopodium" EXACT [VHOG:0000348] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb epipodium" EXACT [] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeudopodium" EXACT [VHOG:0000348] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopodium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24979] synonym: "leg" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:24979, MESH:A.01.378.610.500] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower leg" EXACT [] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "posterior curral region" EXACT [FMA:24984] synonym: "posterior leg region" EXACT [FMA:24984] synonym: "posterior part of leg" EXACT [FMA:24984] synonym: "posterior region of leg" EXACT [FMA:24984] synonym: "regio cruris posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24984, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio surae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24984, FMA:TA] synonym: "shank" EXACT [VSAO:0005060] synonym: "sura" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24984, FMA:TA] synonym: "sural region" EXACT [FMA:24984] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0003051 xref: EHDAA2:0001030 xref: EHDAA:5165 xref: EHDAA:6190 xref: EMAPA:17496 xref: FMA:24979 xref: FMA:24984 xref: galen:Leg xref: MA:0000051 xref: MESH:A.01.378.610.500 xref: ncithesaurus:Leg xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvczZBpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:244015008 xref: VHOG:0000348 xref: VSAO:0005060 is_a: UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod is_a: UBERON:0008784 ! lower limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 {source="MA"} ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb property_value: homology_notes "Most anatomists now agree that the three proximal bones of the tetrapod limbs are homologous to the two or three proximal elements of the paired fin skeleton of other sarcopterygians, that is the humerus-femur, radius-tibia, and ulna-fibula.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000348", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198540472 Janvier P, Early vertebrates (1996) p.268", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003824 name: nerve of thoracic segment def: "A nerve that is part of a thorax [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic segment nerve" EXACT [MA:0000562] synonym: "thorax nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper body nerve" RELATED [MA:0000562] xref: MA:0000562 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.800 xref: SCTID:359876006 is_a: UBERON:0003439 ! nerve of trunk region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003825 name: nerve of abdominal segment def: "A nerve that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal segment nerve" EXACT [MA:0000528] xref: MA:0000528 is_a: UBERON:0003439 ! nerve of trunk region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003826 name: upper leg bone def: "A bone that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000682 is_a: UBERON:0005893 ! leg bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0003827 name: thoracic segment bone def: "A bone that is part of a thorax [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper body bone" RELATED [MA:0000559] xref: MA:0000559 xref: SCTID:426649006 is_a: UBERON:0003463 ! trunk bone is_a: UBERON:0005181 ! thoracic segment organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003828 name: abdominal segment bone def: "A bone that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000525 is_a: UBERON:0003463 ! trunk bone is_a: UBERON:0005173 ! abdominal segment organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003829 name: urethra muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a urethra [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: AO notes: FMA class may not be equivalent synonym: "muscle layer of urethra" RELATED [FMA:76909] synonym: "muscle organ of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscular coat of urethra" EXACT [FMA:76909] synonym: "muscular layer of urethra" EXACT [FMA:76909] synonym: "urethra muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethral muscle layer" RELATED [MA:0002649] xref: FMA:76909 xref: MA:0002649 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0003830 name: thoracic segment muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a thorax [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper body muscle" RELATED [MA:0000561] xref: MA:0000561 is_a: UBERON:0001774 ! muscle of trunk is_a: UBERON:0005181 ! thoracic segment organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003831 name: respiratory system muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001828 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0003832 name: esophagus muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a esophagus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: merge muscle and muscle layer? synonym: "esophagus muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002682 xref: SCTID:360961009 is_a: UBERON:0003830 ! thoracic segment muscle is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 {source="MA"} ! wall of esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0003833 name: abdominal segment muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle organ of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000527 is_a: UBERON:0001774 ! muscle of trunk is_a: UBERON:0005173 ! abdominal segment organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003834 name: thoracic segment blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a thorax [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper body blood vessel" RELATED [MA:0000558] xref: MA:0000558 is_a: UBERON:0003513 ! trunk blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003835 name: abdominal segment blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000524 is_a: UBERON:0003513 ! trunk blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003836 name: abdominal segment skin def: "A skin of body that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000530 is_a: UBERON:0001085 {source="MA"} ! skin of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 {source="MA"} ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003837 name: thoracic segment connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a thorax [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper body connective tissue" RELATED [MA:0000560] xref: MA:0000560 is_a: UBERON:0003586 ! trunk connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003838 name: abdominal segment connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "abdominal segment of trunk textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of abdominal segment of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000526 is_a: UBERON:0003586 ! trunk connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003839 name: forelimb joint def: "A limb joint that is part of a forelimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forelimb joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forelimb limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb joint of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb joint of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb joint of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb joint of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb joint of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19204 xref: MA:0000614 is_a: UBERON:0003657 ! limb joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003840 name: hindlimb joint def: "A limb joint that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of lower limb" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "limb joint of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb joint of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb joint of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb joint of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000662 xref: SCTID:304573000 is_a: UBERON:0003657 ! limb joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003841 name: autopod joint def: "A limb joint that is part of an autopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "autopod limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment joint of limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal free limb segment limb joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of limb of distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb joint of autopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb joint of distal free limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "paw joint" RELATED [MA:0002715] xref: MA:0002715 is_a: UBERON:0003657 ! limb joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0003842 name: neural tube lumen alt_id: UBERON:0005713 comment: TODO - check synonym: "cavity of neural tube" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "lumen of neural tube" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "neural lumen" RELATED [EHDAA:2889] synonym: "neural tube neural lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001269] synonym: "neurocoel" RELATED [VHOG:0001119] xref: AAO:0011073 xref: EHDAA2:0001269 xref: EHDAA:2889 xref: EHDAA:914 xref: EMAPA:16167 xref: EMAPA:16533 xref: VHOG:0001119 xref: XAO:0000252 is_a: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001049 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube property_value: homology_notes "(...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001119", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003843 name: dental epithelium def: "Epithelium that is part of a developing tooth or dental organ." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3556489&group_id=76834&atid=994726, ZFA:0005134] comment: Editor notes: see comments for dentail organ. Development notes: In the developing molar dentition of the mouse, tooth inductive po- tential resides in the dental epithelium until embryonic day (E)12.5 (3). Thereafter, tooth inductive potential shifts to neural crest-derived dental mesenchyme, which acquires the ability to direct tooth formation in nonodontogenic tissues (3, 4)[PMID:10954731]. Editor notes: todo - full developmental relationships subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dental epithelia" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005134] synonym: "dental epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005134] synonym: "odontogenic epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "tooth epithelium" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011027 xref: BTO:0001723 xref: ncithesaurus:Odontogenic_Epithelial_Remnants xref: TAO:0005134 xref: VHOG:0001443 xref: XAO:0003203 xref: ZFA:0005134 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 {source="JB", notes="epithelium"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 {source="BTO"} ! tooth enamel organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ [Term] id: UBERON:0003844 name: upper eyelid epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a upper eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of superior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of upper eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of superior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of upper eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior eyelid epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior eyelid epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper eyelid epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002116 xref: EMAPA:17835 xref: VHOG:0000638 is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0003845 name: lower eyelid epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of inferior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of inferior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of lower eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior eyelid epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior eyelid epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower eyelid epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001016 xref: EMAPA:17832 xref: VHOG:0000637 is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001713 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0003846 name: thymus epithelium def: "the supporting framework of the thymus." [MP:0009544] synonym: "epithelial tissue of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymic epithelial tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "thymic epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0001836] synonym: "thymus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001836 xref: EHDAA2:0002019 xref: MA:0000768 xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Epithelial_Tissue xref: VHOG:0001426 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0003847 name: thyroid artery xref: AAO:0010490 xref: EHDAA2:0002029 xref: EHDAA:7372 xref: EMAPA:18622 xref: MA:0002066 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Artery xref: VHOG:0001366 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of external carotid (AAO:0010218)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010490", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the external carotid which supplies blood to the thyroid gland.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010490", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003848 name: gonadal vein def: "In medicine, gonadal vein refers to the blood vessel that carrying blood away from the gonad (testis, ovary) toward the heart. Females : ovarian vein Males : testicular vein [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Gonadal_vein] synonym: "gonad vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000719 xref: EHDAA:8703 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Gray1120.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gray1120.png/200px-Gray1120.png xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvlWYh5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278192008 xref: VHOG:0001340 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000991 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000991 ! gonad relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000991 ! gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0003849 name: mesencephalic neural crest subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "mesencephalic neural crest" EXACT [ZFA:0000935] synonym: "neural crest midbrain" EXACT [ZFA:0000935] xref: EFO:0003591 xref: EHDAA2:0001101 xref: EHDAA:360 xref: TAO:0000935 xref: VHOG:0000796 xref: ZFA:0000935 is_a: UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest is_a: UBERON:0003099 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial neural crest relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000796", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003850 name: telencephalon neural crest subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "neural crest telencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000812] xref: EFO:0003574 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001991 xref: TAO:0000812 xref: VHOG:0000799 xref: ZFA:0000812 is_a: UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001893 intersection_of: UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon property_value: external_definition "Cranial neural crest that is part of the telencephalon.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000812", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000799", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003851 name: diencephalon neural crest synonym: "diencephalic neural crest" EXACT [ZFA:0000811] synonym: "future diencephalon neural crest" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000603] synonym: "neural crest diencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000811] synonym: "neural crest of future diencephalon" EXACT [EMAPA:16518] xref: EFO:0003573 xref: EHDAA2:0000603 xref: EMAPA:16518 xref: TAO:0000811 xref: VHOG:0000798 xref: ZFA:0000811 is_a: UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000798", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003852 name: rhombencephalon neural crest subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "neural crest hindbrain" EXACT [ZFA:0007063] synonym: "rhombencephalic neural crest" EXACT [ZFA:0007063] xref: EHDAA2:0001628 xref: EHDAA:362 xref: TAO:0007063 xref: VHOG:0001210 xref: ZFA:0007063 is_a: UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: external_definition "Cranial neural crest that is part of the hindbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0007063", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001210", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003853 name: spinal cord neural crest synonym: "neural crest spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0001006] synonym: "spinal neural crest" RELATED [VHOG:0001006] xref: EHDAA:696 xref: EMAPA:16094 xref: EMAPA:16163 xref: EMAPA:16529 xref: EMAPA:16881 xref: VHOG:0001006 is_a: UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: developmentally_contributes_to UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...)[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001006", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003854 name: spinal cord neural plate synonym: "neural plate of spinal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: TAO:0007021 xref: VHOG:0000439 xref: ZFA:0007021 is_a: UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006241 intersection_of: UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006241 {source="ZFA"} ! future spinal cord relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord property_value: external_definition "Neural plate that is part of the spinal cord. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000439", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...)[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000439", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.28", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003855 name: gonad mesenchyme def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a gonad [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonada mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of gonad" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of gonada" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:5012 xref: EMAPA:16858 xref: EMAPA:17385 xref: VHOG:0001090 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0003856 name: odontogenic mesenchyme def: "Mesenchyme that gives rise to an odontogenic papilla." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor notes: we follow ZFA in introducing an additional distinction between the dental papilla and the (uncondensed) mesenchyme. Note that in some species such as zebrafish teeth are not part of the mouth, and sharks have dermal denticles which share similar developmental origins with teeth. For now we assume a NC origin for all and add a taxon restriction to 1st arch mesenchyme subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dental mesenchyme" EXACT [ZFA:0005139] synonym: "dental organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "enamel organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tooth enamel organ mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tooth mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: TAO:0005139 xref: VHOG_RETIRED:0001444 xref: ZFA:0005139 is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 {notes="see comments"} ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010259 {gci_relation="part_of", source="JB", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:32523"} ! 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 {source="ZFA"} ! tooth enamel organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ property_value: external_definition "Mesenchyme enclosed by dental organ.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005139", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003857 name: upper eyelid mesenchyme def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a upper eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of superior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of upper eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior eyelid mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002117 xref: EHDAA:9051 xref: VHOG:0001093 is_a: UBERON:0010330 ! eyelid mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003314 {source="EHDAA2"} ! eye mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0003858 name: lower eyelid mesenchyme def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a lower eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior eyelid mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of inferior eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of lower eyelid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001017 xref: EHDAA:9045 xref: VHOG:0001036 is_a: UBERON:0010330 ! eyelid mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001713 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0003859 name: forelimb mesenchyme def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a forelimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anteriormost limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fore limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of anteriormost limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of fore limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of forelimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of superior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of upper extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior member mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper extremity mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wing mesenchyme" NARROW SENSU [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782] xref: VHOG:0001109 is_a: UBERON:0009749 ! limb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003860 name: hindlimb mesenchyme def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: VHOG:0001074 is_a: UBERON:0009749 ! limb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0003861 name: neural arch def: "posterior part of a vertebra that consists of a pair of pedicles and a pair of laminae, and supports seven processes: four articular processes, two transverse processes one spinous process[WP]. ZFA: A neural arch encloses the neural canal and typically meets its partner to form a neural spine. The neural arch can be a replacement ossification of the basidorsal cartilage or can form directly in membrane bone." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_arch] comment: Taxon notes: tiny neural arches present in Hagfish (which lack a true vertebraal column). subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arcus vertebra" EXACT [Wikipedia:Vertebral_arch] synonym: "arcus vertebrae" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Vertebral_arch] synonym: "arcus vertebrae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vertebral_arch] synonym: "arcus vertebrae (vertebralis)" EXACT [FMA:11946] synonym: "dorsal arcocentrum" EXACT [ZFA:0001066] synonym: "vertebra dorsal arch" RELATED [MA:0001453] synonym: "vertebra neural arch" BROAD SENSU [MA:0001453] xref: AAO:0000725 xref: EFO:0003618 xref: FMA:11946 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray82.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray82.png/200px-Gray82.png xref: MA:0001453 xref: ncithesaurus:Arch_of_the_Vertebra xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwKYHvZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:317373001 xref: TAO:0001066 xref: VHOG:0001670 xref: ZFA:0001066 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0010358 ! arch of centrum of vertebra relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006063 ! cartilaginous neural arch property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from basidorsal (TAO:0001060)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001066", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "A neural arch encloses the neural canal and typically meets its partner to form a neural spine. The neural arch can be a replacement ossification of the basidorsal cartilage or can form directly in membrane bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001066", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Bony arch perched on the vertebral centrum; successive arches enclose the neural canal that surrounds and protects the spinal cord dorsally.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000725", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) certain common components [of vertebral structure] are found in nearly all vertebrate. A representative vertebra has a vertebral arch or neural arch, which extends dorsally around the spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001670", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.270", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003862 name: pedal digit 4 phalanx def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001384] synonym: "fourth toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32901] synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:32901] xref: EMAPA:19130 xref: FMA:32901 xref: MA:0001384 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_4_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361804008 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010683 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0003863 name: pedal digit 5 phalanx def: "A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit long bone of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 digit long bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 long bone of digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001385] synonym: "little toe phalanx" EXACT [FMA:32902] synonym: "long bone of digit of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32902] synonym: "phalanx of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:32902] synonym: "phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "phalanx of little toe" EXACT [FMA:32902] xref: EMAPA:19132 xref: FMA:32902 xref: MA:0001385 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Digit_5_Phalanx xref: SCTID:361806005 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010684 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0003864 name: middle phalanx of manus def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand middle phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001394] synonym: "middle phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:75817] synonym: "middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [MA:0001394] synonym: "middle phalanx of manual digit" EXACT [] xref: FMA:75817 xref: MA:0001394 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Phalanx_of_the_Hand xref: SCTID:113223004 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003865 name: distal phalanx of manus def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This is typically proximally connected to the middle phalanx of manus, except in some cases such as the human thumb, where it connects to the proximal phalanx. It always connects to some phalanx, by definition synonym: "distal phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:75818] synonym: "distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "distal phalanx of manual digit" EXACT [] synonym: "hand distal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001388] synonym: "terminal phalanx of hand" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "ungual phalanx of hand" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679] xref: FMA:75818 xref: MA:0001388 xref: ncithesaurus:Distal_Phalanx_of_Hand xref: SCTID:182001007 is_a: UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0009552 ! distal segment of manual digit relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0003866 name: middle phalanx of pes def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a toe [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot middle phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001386] synonym: "middle pedal phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "middle phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:75829] xref: FMA:75829 xref: MA:0001386 xref: SCTID:83207005 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes is_a: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003867 name: distal phalanx of pes def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: This is typically proximally connected to the middle phalanx of pes, except in some cases such as the human big toe, where it connects to the proximal phalanx. It always connects to some phalanx, by definition synonym: "distal pedal phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "distal phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:75830] synonym: "foot distal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001380] synonym: "terminal phalanx of foot" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "terminal phalanx of hindlimb" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "ungual phalanx of foot" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679] synonym: "ungual phalanx of hindlimb" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679] xref: FMA:75830 xref: MA:0001380 xref: ncithesaurus:Distal_Phalanx_of_Foot xref: SCTID:361797001 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes is_a: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0009553 ! distal segment of pedal digit relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0003868 name: proximal phalanx of pes def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot proximal phalanx" EXACT [MA:0001387] synonym: "proximal pedal phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of hind digit" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal phalanx of toe" EXACT [FMA:75828] xref: FMA:75828 xref: MA:0001387 xref: ncithesaurus:Proximal_Phalanx_of_Foot xref: SCTID:85533000 is_a: UBERON:0001449 ! phalanx of pes is_a: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0003869 name: presumptive ganglion is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000045 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0003874 name: obsolete presumptive ventricle is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003876 name: subdivision of hippocampus comment: do not include ABA:HIP subset: non_informative synonym: "hippocampus region" RELATED [MA:0002428] synonym: "hippocampus subdivision" EXACT [FMA:74041] synonym: "subdivision of hippocampus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:74041 xref: MA:0002428 xref: SCTID:361561007 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001954 ! Ammon's horn [Term] id: UBERON:0003881 name: CA1 field of hippocampus synonym: "CA1" EXACT [] synonym: "CA1 field" EXACT [] synonym: "CA1 field of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "CA1 field of cornu ammonis" EXACT [] synonym: "CA1 field of hippocampus" EXACT [] synonym: "cornu ammonis 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1197] synonym: "hippocampus CA1" EXACT [] synonym: "prosubiculum = distal ca1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1197] synonym: "regio i cornus ammonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74042, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio i hippocampi proprii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74042, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1197] synonym: "regio superior of the hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:74042] synonym: "region 1 of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "region i of ammon's horn" EXACT [FMA:74042] synonym: "region i of hippocampus proper" EXACT [FMA:74042] xref: ABA:CA1 xref: EFO:0002454 xref: FMA:74042 xref: MA:0000950 xref: ncithesaurus:CA1_Field_of_the_Cornu_Ammonis xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1197 is_a: UBERON:0003876 ! subdivision of hippocampus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003882 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003883 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003882 name: CA2 field of hippocampus synonym: "CA2" EXACT [] synonym: "CA2 field" EXACT [] synonym: "CA2 field of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "CA2 field of cornu ammonis" EXACT [] synonym: "CA2 field of hippocampus" EXACT [] synonym: "hippocampus CA2" EXACT [] synonym: "regio ii cornus ammonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74044, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio ii hippocampi proprii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74044, FMA:TA] synonym: "region 2 of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "region ii of ammon's horn" EXACT [FMA:74044] synonym: "region ii of hippocampus proper" EXACT [FMA:74044] xref: ABA:CA2 xref: EFO:0002455 xref: FMA:74044 xref: MA:0000951 xref: ncithesaurus:CA2_Field_of_the_Cornu_Ammonis xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1362 is_a: UBERON:0003876 ! subdivision of hippocampus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003881 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003883 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003883 name: CA3 field of hippocampus def: "Region III of hippocampus proper is a portion of the hippocampal formation. Region CA3 receives input along the mossy fibers from granule cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) and from projection cells in entorhinal cortex along the perforant path. The mossy fiber pathway terminates in stratum lucidum while the perforant path passes through stratum lacunosum and terminates in stratum moleculare. The inputs from the medial septum and diagonal band of Broca terminate in stratum radiatum, along with commisural connections from the contralateral hippocampus. The pyramidal cells in CA3 (of which there are approximately 200,000 in each hemisphere in the rat) send some axons back to the hilus, but the majority project to regions CA2 and CA1 (a pathway called the Schaffer collaterals), in addition to a significant number of connections that terminate within CA3 (called recurrent connections). Both the recurrent connections and the Schaffer collaterals terminate preferentially in the septal or dorsal direction from the originating cells. CA3 also sends a small set of output fibers to the lateral septum. The region is conventionally divided into 3 divisions. CA3a is the part of the cell band which is most distal from the dentate (and closest to CA1). CA3b is the middle part of the band nearest to the fimbria/fornix connection. CA3c is the most proximal to the dentate, inserting into the hilus. The region overall has been considered to be the 'pacemaker' of the hippocampus. In CA3 much of the synchronous bursing activity associated with interictal epileptiform activity appears to be generated. The excitatory collateral interconnectivity appears to be the property of CA3 most responsible for this. CA3, unlike other regions, has pyramidal cell axon collaterals ramifying extensively with local region and making excitatory contacts with neighbors. CA3 has been implicated in a number of working theories on memory and learning hippocampal processes. Oscillatory rhythms (10-30Hz) are cholinergically driven patterns that depend on coupling of interneurons and pyramidal cell axons via gap junctions as well as glutaminergic (excitatory) and GABAergic (inhibitory) synapses. Sharp EEG waves seen here are also implicated in memory consolidation." [Wikipedia:Region_III_of_hippocampus_proper] synonym: "CA3" EXACT [] synonym: "CA3 field" EXACT [] synonym: "CA3 field of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "CA3 field of cornu ammonis" EXACT [] synonym: "CA3 field of hippocampus" EXACT [] synonym: "hippocampus CA3" EXACT [] synonym: "regio hippocampi proprii III; regio III cornus ammonis; CA3" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Region_III_of_hippocampus_proper] synonym: "regio iii cornus ammonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74045, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio iii hippocampi proprii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74045, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1204] synonym: "region 3 of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "region iii of ammon's horn" EXACT [FMA:74045] synonym: "region iii of hippocampus proper" EXACT [FMA:74045] xref: ABA:CA3 xref: EFO:0002456 xref: FMA:74045 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/HippocampalRegions.jpg xref: MA:0000952 xref: ncithesaurus:CA3_Field_of_the_Cornu_Ammonis xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1204 is_a: UBERON:0003876 ! subdivision of hippocampus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003881 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003882 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003884 name: CA4 field of hippocampus comment: consider obsoleting. consider - CA3c, hilus synonym: "CA4" EXACT [] synonym: "CA4 field" EXACT [] synonym: "CA4 field of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "CA4 field of cornu ammonis" EXACT [] synonym: "hippocampus CA4" EXACT [] synonym: "regio iv cornus ammonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75741, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio iv hippocampi proprii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75741, FMA:TA] synonym: "region 4 of Ammon's horn" EXACT [] synonym: "region iv of ammon's horn" EXACT [FMA:75741] synonym: "region iv of hippocampus proper" EXACT [FMA:75741] xref: EFO:0002457 xref: FMA:75741 xref: MA:0000953 xref: ncithesaurus:CA4_Field_of_the_Cornu_Ammonis is_a: UBERON:0003876 ! subdivision of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0003885 name: mesometrium def: "A mesentery that is part of a uterus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesentery of uterus" RELATED [FMA:19816, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/misc_topics/peritoneum.html, MA:0002931] xref: FMA:19816 xref: MA:0002931 xref: SCTID:250172001 is_a: UBERON:0001297 ! serosa of uterus is_a: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 {source="MA"} ! uterus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0003886 name: body cavity precursor subset: grouping_class subset: non_informative is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002323 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0003887 name: intraembryonic coelom def: "In the development of the human embryo the intraembryonic coelom (or somatic coelom) is a portion of the conceptus forming in the mesoderm. During the second week of development, the lateral mesoderm splits into a dorsal somatic mesoderm (somatopleure) and a ventral splanchnic mesoderm (splanchnopleure). The resulting cavity between the somatopleure and splanchnopleure is called the intraembryonic coelom. This space will give rise to the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It briefly has a connection with the extraembryonic coelom[WP]." [Wikipedia:Intraembryonic_coelom] comment: Editor notes: consider merging with coelom. TODO - add spatial relationships to halves of LPM. Note the OG places XAO and ZFA coelem terms here. Todo: check ZFA, which appears to be a structure present in adults synonym: "somatic coelom" EXACT [Wikipedia:Intraembryonic_coelom] xref: EHDAA:251 xref: EMAPA:16088 xref: ncithesaurus:Intraembryonic_Coelom xref: VHOG:0000316 is_a: UBERON:0003886 ! body cavity precursor relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003081 {source="Wikipedia"} ! lateral plate mesoderm property_value: homology_notes " (...) I regard it unlikely that coeloms of all bilaterian animals are comparable and evolved very early. Considering all these questions, few convincing characters concerning the evolution of body cavities remain to be named. (...) A segmental coelom appears to have evolved at least two times, in Annelida and in Myomerata (Acrania and Craniota).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000316", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.166", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003888 name: extraembryonic coelom def: "cavity between Heuser's membrane and the Trophoblast[WP]." [Wikipedia:Extraembryonic_coelom] synonym: "chorion cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000246] synonym: "chorionic cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000246] synonym: "exocoelomic cavity" EXACT [VHOG:0001671] synonym: "exocoelomic cavity " RELATED [VHOG:0001671] synonym: "extraembryonic celom" EXACT [FMA:63943] synonym: "extraembryonic coelomic cavity" RELATED [VHOG:0001671] xref: EHDAA2:0000246 xref: EHDAA:146 xref: EMAPA:16081 xref: FMA:63943 xref: ncithesaurus:Extraembryonic_Coelom xref: SCTID:362843009 xref: VHOG:0001671 is_a: UBERON:0003886 ! body cavity precursor [Term] id: UBERON:0003889 name: fallopian tube def: "Two very fine tubes lined with ciliated epithelia, leading from the ovaries of female mammals into the uterus, via the utero-tubal junction[WP]. Embryos have two pairs of ducts to let gametes out of the body; one pair (the Mullerian ducts) develops in females into the Fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina, while the other pair (the Wolffian ducts) develops in males into the epididymis and vas deferens." [Wikipedia:Fallopian_tube] comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Fallopian_tube#Homology subset: uberon_slim synonym: "fallopian tubes" RELATED [] synonym: "mammalian oviduct" EXACT [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3293337&group_id=36855&atid=440764] synonym: "tuba uterina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fallopian_tube] synonym: "uterine tube" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0000974 xref: EV:0100112 xref: FMA:18245 xref: GAID:365 xref: galen:FallopianTube xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Scheme_female_reproductive_system-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Scheme_female_reproductive_system-en.svg/200px-Scheme_female_reproductive_system-en.svg.png xref: MA:0000385 xref: MESH:A.05.360.319.114.373 xref: ncithesaurus:Fallopian_Tube xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViVeZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181463001 is_a: UBERON:0000993 ! oviduct relationship: connects UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: connects UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003890 ! Mullerian duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0003890 name: Mullerian duct alt_id: UBERON:0005318 def: "paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin[WP]. develops either by lengthwise splitting of the archinephric duct (in chondrichthyans and some amphibians) or by a elongated invagination of the coelomic epithelium (other vertebrates) In males, the oviducts regress. The cranial end of the oviduct maintains an opening into the coelom (which primitively may have been the anteriormost coelomic funnels connecting the nephrocoel with the coelom). This opening is the ostium tubae[USM]." [GO:0061205, http://www.usm.maine.edu/bio/courses/bio205/bio205_26_sex.html, Wikipedia:Paramesonephric_duct] comment: Development notes: Sertoli cells secrete anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) inducing the demise of this duct synonym: "Müllerian duct" EXACT [] synonym: "paramesonephric duct" EXACT [EMAPA:27665] xref: AAO:0010141 xref: EMAPA:27665 xref: GAID:1309 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Gray1109.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Gray1109.png/200px-Gray1109.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.570 xref: ncithesaurus:Mullerian_Duct xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001399 xref: SCTID:308802006 xref: VHOG:0001199 xref: XAO:0000330 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm property_value: external_definition "Either of the paired embryonic ducts developing into the uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina in the female and becoming largely obliterated in the male. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001199", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/paramesonephric+duct"} property_value: external_definition "Transient developmental organ which gives rise to oviducts in female (documented to persist in some male frogs).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010141", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:RED"} property_value: homology_notes "In females, the archinephric (mesonephric) ducts tend to function only within the urinary systems. The muellerian duct arises embryologically next to the archinephric (wolffian) duct. In males, the muellerian duct regresses if it appears at all, but in females, the muellerian ducts become the oviducts of the reproductive system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001199", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.559", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003891 name: stroma def: "connective, non-functional supportive framework of a biological cell, tissue, or organ. Contrast with parenchyma." [Wikipedia:Stroma_of_ovary_%28animal_tissue%29] xref: FMA:81494 xref: ncithesaurus:Stroma_Connective_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0003893 name: capsule def: "a cover or envelope partly or wholly surrounding a structure. Examples: egg shell, articular capsules, renal capsules[WP]." [Wikipedia:Capsule_(anatomy)] comment: see also: protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi. Note that FMA has classes such as Articular capsule that are not subtypes of Capsule (which is undefined in FMA). GO has 'capsule' which is a fungal structure, and 'external encapsulating structure' which is restricted to cells subset: grouping_class xref: EHDAA:4739 xref: EHDAA:9061 xref: FMA:85272 xref: galen:Capsule is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0003894 name: liver primordium def: "A small endodermal thickening in the foregut adjacent to the transverse septum. Invaginates forming the hepatic diverticulum." [ISBN:3211492755] comment: Todo - check hepatic plate; check syns subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "embryological hepatic plate" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "hepatic plate" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000744] synonym: "liver bud" RELATED INCONSISTENT [XAO:0003266, ZFA:0000124] synonym: "primordium of the liver" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Primordium_of_the_Liver] xref: AAO:0011058 xref: EFO:0003428 xref: EHDAA2:0000744 xref: EHDAA:973 xref: EMAPA:16847 xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Cord xref: ncithesaurus:Primordium_of_the_Liver xref: TAO:0000124 xref: XAO:0003266 xref: ZFA:0000124 is_a: UBERON:0001048 {source="XAO"} ! primordium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002107 intersection_of: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002107 ! liver disjoint_from: UBERON:0005452 ! hepatic plate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 {source="XAO"} ! foregut relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0000925 {source="EHDAA2:0000572"} ! endoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0003895 name: hypaxial myotome region def: "Portion of myotome that is ventral to the horizontal septum" [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "body wall muscle" RELATED [XAO:0003228] synonym: "hypaxial myotome region" EXACT [ZFA:0001085] xref: TAO:0001085 xref: ZFA:0001085 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003082 ! myotome [Term] id: UBERON:0003896 name: obsolete muscle of body wall def: "A muscle organ that is part of a body wall [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: obsoleted as it grouped together a worm-specific structure (BTO) with the vertebrate structure (which develops from the myotome) synonym: "wall muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001863] is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0004462 [Term] id: UBERON:0003897 name: axial muscle def: "A skeletal muscle of the trunk or head." [] xref: EHDAA2:0000159 xref: EHDAA:5982 xref: EMAPA:18166 xref: EMAPA:18167 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000160 xref: TAO:0001954 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue union_of: UBERON:0003898 ! skeletal muscle of trunk union_of: UBERON:0003899 ! skeletal muscle of head [Term] id: UBERON:0003898 name: skeletal muscle of trunk def: "A skeletal muscle of the trunk." [] synonym: "skeletal muscle of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of torso" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "torso skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: SCTID:244848007 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0003899 name: skeletal muscle of head def: "A skeletal muscle of the head." [] synonym: "adult head skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult head skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of adult head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of head" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: SCTID:244718003 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0003900 name: epaxial myotome region def: "Portion of myotome that is dorsal to the horizontal septum" [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "epaxial myotome regions" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001084] xref: TAO:0001084 xref: ZFA:0001084 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003082 ! myotome [Term] id: UBERON:0003901 name: horizontal septum def: "A logitudinal sheet of continuous connective tissue partition developing at the apex of the chevron-shaped myotome and separating dorsal (epaxial) and ventral (hypaxial) body wall muscle masses; each is destined to become, respectively, the epaxial and hyopaxial musculature." [ISBN10:0073040584, ZFA:0000671] synonym: "horizontal myoseptum" EXACT [ZFA:0000671] xref: EFO:0003555 xref: TAO:0000671 xref: ZFA:0000671 is_a: UBERON:0003037 ! septum relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003895 ! hypaxial myotome region relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003900 ! epaxial myotome region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass myoseptum (TAO:0001089)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000671", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "A connective tissue partition developing at the apex of the chevron-shaped myotome and separating dorsal (epaxial) and ventral (hypaxial) body wall muscle masses. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000671", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003902 name: retinal neural layer def: "The layer of nerve cells in the retina[XAO]. The part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells[GO]." [GO:0003407, XAO:0003216] comment: editor note - we follow ontologies such as FMA and ZFA in first dividing into pigmented and neural layers; the neural layers are further divided into 9 layers. Note that in MA this class is a leaf node. subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "neural layer of retina" EXACT [FMA:58628] synonym: "neural retina" EXACT [XAO:0003216, ZFA:0000046] synonym: "neural retinal epithelium" RELATED [MA:000027] synonym: "neuroretina" EXACT [ZFA:0000046] synonym: "stratum nervosum (retina)" EXACT [FMA:58628] xref: AAO:0011095 xref: BTO:0000929 xref: EHDAA2:0001253 xref: EHDAA:4763 xref: EMAPA:17171 xref: EMAPA:18590 xref: FMA:58628 xref: MA:0000277 xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Retina xref: TAO:0000046 xref: VHOG:0000535 xref: XAO:0003216 xref: ZFA:0000046 is_a: UBERON:0001781 ! layer of retina relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005425 intersection_of: UBERON:0001781 ! layer of retina intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0005425 ! presumptive neural retina relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005425 ! presumptive neural retina relationship: induced_by UBERON:0005426 ! lens vesicle property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000535", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003903 name: bursa of Fabricius def: "an epithelial and lymphoid organ that develops as a dorsal diverticulum of the proctadael region of the cloaca in birds. The luminal (interior) surface of the bursa is plicated with as many as 15 primary and 7 secondary plicae or folds. These plicae have hundreds of bursal follicles containing follicle-associated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. Lymphoid stem cells migrate from the fetal liver to the bursa during ontogeny. In the bursa, these stem cells acquire the characteristics of mature, immunocompetent B cells[WP]. The bursa is an organ found in birds involved in B cell differentiation[GO]." [GO:0048540, Wikipedia:Bursa_of_Fabricius] subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0001699 xref: GAID:1205 xref: MESH:A.13.163 is_a: UBERON:0011510 ! cloacal bursa [Term] id: UBERON:0003904 name: bursal plica def: "Follicle containing part of bursa of Fabricius. The luminal (interior) surface of the bursa is plicated with as many as 15 primary and 7 secondary plicae or folds. These plicae have hundreds of bursal follicles containing follicle-associated epithelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. Lymphoid stem cells migrate from the fetal liver to the bursa during ontogeny. In the bursa, these stem cells acquire the characteristics of mature, immunocompetent B cells[WP]." [GOC:cjm] synonym: "bursal fold" EXACT [] synonym: "bursal plicae" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003903 ! bursa of Fabricius [Term] id: UBERON:0003905 name: bursal follicle def: "Follicle within the plicae of bursa of Fabricius." [GOC:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003904 ! bursal plica [Term] id: UBERON:0003906 name: cardiac jelly def: "Portion of extracellular matrix between the myocardium and the endocardium. The cardiac jelly plays a central role in the septation of the heart and comprises most of the thickness of the heart wall at early stages, but disappears as the heart differentiates." [ZFA:0001318] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "heart cardiac jelly" EXACT [VHOG:0000936] xref: EHDAA:1271 xref: EHDAA:1279 xref: EHDAA:1922 xref: EHDAA:1930 xref: EHDAA:426 xref: EHDAA:442 xref: EHDAA:450 xref: EHDAA:458 xref: EHDAA:466 xref: EHDAA:474 xref: EHDAA:772 xref: EHDAA:780 xref: EHDAA:788 xref: EHDAA:800 xref: EHDAA:808 xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Jelly xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000212 xref: TAO:0001318 xref: VHOG:0000936 xref: XAO:0004120 xref: ZFA:0001318 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium property_value: external_definition "The extracellular matrix between the myocardium and the endocardium. The cardiac jelly plays a central role in the septation of the heart and comprises most of the thickness of the heart wall at early stages, but disappears as the heart differentiates.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001318", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003907 name: left atrioventricular canal comment: AO notes: EHDAA2 represents lumen synonym: "left atrio-ventricular canal" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000935] synonym: "left AVC" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000935 xref: EHDAA:5336 xref: FMA:71123 is_a: UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0011820 intersection_of: UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0011820 ! atrioventricular region relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0011820 ! atrioventricular region [Term] id: UBERON:0003908 name: right atrioventricular canal comment: AO notes: EHDAA2 represents lumen synonym: "right atrio-ventricular canal" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001719] synonym: "right AVC" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001719 xref: EHDAA:5338 xref: FMA:71122 is_a: UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0011820 intersection_of: UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0011820 ! atrioventricular region relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0011820 ! atrioventricular region [Term] id: UBERON:0003909 name: sinusoid def: "small blood vessel similar to a capillary but with a fenestrated endothelium. Sinusoids are found in the liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine organs, and hematopoietic organs such as the bone marrow and the spleen. Sinusoids found within terminal villi of the placenta are not comparable to these; they possess a continuous endothelium and complete basal lamina[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sinusoid_(blood_vessel)] comment: the WP def seems to fit FMA:63198 discontinuous sinusoid (undefined). ZFA has ZFA:0005261 sinusoidal blood vessel endothelium - but not sinusoidal blood vessel subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "sinusoidal blood vessel" EXACT [] synonym: "sinusoidal blood vessel endothelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005261] xref: FMA:63131 xref: TAO:0005261 xref: ZFA:0005261 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass fenestrated blood vessel endothelium (TAO:0005260)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005261", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Fenestrated blood vessel endothelium with pores that are large enough for blood cells to pass. The basal lamina and gap junctions may be discontinuous.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005261", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003910 name: splenic sinusoid def: "wide vessels in the spleen that drain into trabecular veins[WP]." [Wikipedia:Red_pulp#Sinusoids] comment: Taxon notes: Whereas man and the rat are in the "sinusal" group, the mouse belongs in the "nonsinusal" group. The red pulp of spleens of rat, dog, man, and many other mammals contains an elaborate plexus of sinuses; that of mouse, cat, pig and others has no true sinuses and relatively few veins leading from the meshes into collecting veins - http://www.informatics.jax.org/greenbook/chapters/chapter13.shtml synonym: "sinusoid of red pulp of spleen" RELATED [FMA:63199] synonym: "sinusoidal blood vessel of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:63199 xref: SCTID:9081000 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003497 ! abdomen blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0003909 ! sinusoid is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001250 intersection_of: UBERON:0003909 ! sinusoid intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001250 ! red pulp of spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001250 ! red pulp of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0003911 name: choroid plexus epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a choroid plexus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:242811 xref: MA:0000824 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005357 ! brain ependyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0001886 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0003912 name: chitinous tooth def: "tooth-like structure composed of chitin." [] is_a: UBERON:0003913 ! tooth-like structure [Term] id: UBERON:0003913 name: tooth-like structure def: "hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food." [GOC:cjm] comment: see dermal denticle subset: grouping_class synonym: "tooth-like organ" EXACT [GOC:cjm] xref: HAO:0001019 is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element [Term] id: UBERON:0003914 name: epithelial tube def: "Epithelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system." [GO:0060562, PMID:12526790] xref: AEO:0000114 xref: EHDAA2:0003114 xref: FBbt:00007474 is_a: UBERON:0000025 ! tube is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0003915 name: endothelial tube def: "Any endothelium that has the quality of being cylindrical [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium is_a: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube [Term] id: UBERON:0003916 name: fat pad def: "an accumulation of adipose tissue[GO]. An accumulation of adipose tissue (fat cells) enclosed in fibrous tissue[BTO]." [BTO:0000444, GO:0060613] comment: FMA says isa organ synonym: "fat body" RELATED [FMA:58616] xref: AAO:0000157 xref: BTO:0000444 xref: FMA:58616 xref: MA:0002481 xref: XAO:0003050 is_a: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure associated with the gonads which vary in form among amphibians but are primarily composed of adipose tissue and are thought to be a source of nutrients for the gonads.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000157", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003917 name: arthropod fat body def: "an insect gland dorsal to the insect gut, with a function analogous to that of the vertebrate liver. It is a storage organ for fats, glycogen and protein and is a major site of intermediary metabolism." [GO:0007503] subset: organ_slim synonym: "fat body" EXACT SENSU [FBbt:00005066] xref: BTO:0000442 xref: FBbt:00001704 xref: FBbt:00005066 xref: GAID:1213 xref: MESH:A.13.365 xref: MIAA:0000096 xref: TADS:0000321 xref: TGMA:0001856 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ [Term] id: UBERON:0003918 name: kidney mesenchyme def: "Kidney mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the kidney[GO]." [GO:0072074] comment: check this synonym: "mesenchyme of kidney" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0003919 name: obsolete mesenchyme of adult kidney is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003920 name: venous blood vessel def: "a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/venous+blood+vessel] comment: Compare to: vein synonym: "segment of venous tree organ" EXACT [FMA:86188] synonym: "venous tree organ segment" EXACT [FMA:86188] xref: FMA:86188 xref: MA:0000066 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003921 name: pancreas primordium def: "embryonic structure that develops into pancreatic bud." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas#Embryological_development] comment: AO notes: in EHDAA2 this has dorsal and ventral primordia as parts. the buds are part of the primordium, with the ducts developing from the buds; only parenchyma and ducts have contribution from buds. Terminology notes: revisit after standardizing terms 'primordium', 'anlagen', 'bud' subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pancreatic anlage" RELATED [] synonym: "pancreatic primordium" EXACT [] synonym: "primordial pancreas" RELATED [FMA:79792] xref: EFO:0003434 xref: EHDAA2:0001382 xref: EHDAA:2163 xref: EMAPA:17066 xref: FMA:79792 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Gray982.png/200px-Gray982.png xref: TAO:0000254 xref: XAO:0001101 xref: ZFA:0000254 is_a: UBERON:0001048 {source="EHDAA2"} ! primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 {source="Wikipedia"} ! endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut [Term] id: UBERON:0003922 name: pancreatic bud def: "The embryonic pancreas develops from two separate anlagen in the foregut epithelium, one dorsal and two ventral pancreatic buds[PMID]. In humans, an embryonic structure that is an outgrowth of the duodenum during embryogenesis - joins together to form the adult pancreas[WP]." [PMID:16417468, Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud] synonym: "pancreatic anlage" RELATED [] synonym: "pancreatic buds" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001390] xref: EFO:0003470 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Gray982.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Suckale08FBS_fig1_pancreas_development.jpeg/300px-Suckale08FBS_fig1_pancreas_development.jpeg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Gray982.png/200px-Gray982.png xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Bud xref: SCTID:360398004 xref: TAO:0001390 xref: ZFA:0001390 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007499 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial sac relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 {source="Wikipedia:Pancreas#Embryological_development"} ! foregut relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002114 {exception="zebrafish", source="Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud"} ! duodenum relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009497 {source="EHDAA2-inferred"} ! epithelium of foregut-midgut junction relationship: part_of UBERON:0003921 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pancreas primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0003923 name: dorsal pancreatic bud def: "pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal pancreatic anlage" RELATED [] synonym: "pancreas dorsal primordium duct bud" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001385] synonym: "pancreas primordium dorsal bud" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior pancreatic anlage" RELATED [] synonym: "posterior pancreatic bud" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011031 xref: EFO:0003465 xref: EHDAA2:0001385 xref: EMAPA:17067 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Gray982.png/200px-Gray982.png xref: SCTID:361435005 xref: TAO:0001370 xref: VHOG:0001428 xref: XAO:0000467 xref: ZFA:0001370 is_a: UBERON:0003922 ! pancreatic bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 {source="XAO"} ! midgut relationship: induced_by UBERON:0002328 {source="PMID:16417468", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:10088"} ! notochord relationship: induced_by UBERON:0005805 {source="PMID:16417468", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:10088"} ! dorsal aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0010375 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pancreas dorsal primordium property_value: external_definition "The pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011031", ontology="AAO", source="XAO:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "In chick, Xenopus laevis, and the teleost fish Medaka, the pancreas develops from three buds that emerge from the gut tube, two from its ventral aspect, and one from its dorsal aspect. In mouse, although there are initially three buds that arise from the gut tube at the point of contact between the endoderm and the vasculature, the pancreas develops from only two of these buds, one dorsal and one ventral. (...) In this study, we use a transgenic zebrafish line (...). We provide evidence for the existence of two distinct pancreatic anlagen - a ventral anterior bud and a dorsal posterior bud - that join to form the definitive pancreas (reference 1); The pancreas develops from the fusion of distinct endoderm-derived dorsal and ventral diverticula. In humans, by day 35 of development, the ventral pancreatic bud begins to migrate backwards and comes into contact and eventually fuses with the dorsal pancreatic bud during the sixth week of development (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001428", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0012-1606(03)00308-7 Field HA, Dong PD, Beis D, Stainier DY, Formation of the digestive system in zebrafish. II. Pancreas morphogenesis. Developmental Biology (2003), DOI:10.2337/diabetes.49.2.225 Polak M, Bouchareb-Banaei L, Scharfmann R, Czernichow P, Early pattern of differentiation in the human pancreas. Diabetes (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003924 name: ventral pancreatic bud def: "pancreatic bud that gives rise to the major pancreatic duct." [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_bud] comment: Development notes: the ventral pancreas and liver are derived from a common precursor cell population[PMID:16417468]. TODO - add this relationship. // The ventral pancreatic bud becomes the head and uncinate process, and comes from the hepatic diverticulum[WP] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior pancreatic anlage" RELATED [] synonym: "anterior pancreatic bud" RELATED [] synonym: "pancreas primordium ventral bud" EXACT [] synonym: "pancreas ventral primordium duct bud" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001389] synonym: "ventral pancreatic anlage" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0011111 xref: EFO:0003464 xref: EHDAA2:0001389 xref: EMAPA:17256 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Gray982.png/200px-Gray982.png xref: SCTID:361437002 xref: TAO:0001369 xref: VHOG:0001429 xref: XAO:0001103 xref: ZFA:0001369 is_a: UBERON:0003922 ! pancreatic bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008835 {source="PMID:16417468", source="WP"} ! hepatic diverticulum relationship: part_of UBERON:0010376 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pancreas ventral primordium property_value: homology_notes "In chick, Xenopus laevis, and the teleost fish Medaka, the pancreas develops from three buds that emerge from the gut tube, two from its ventral aspect, and one from its dorsal aspect. In mouse, although there are initially three buds that arise from the gut tube at the point of contact between the endoderm and the vasculature, the pancreas develops from only two of these buds, one dorsal and one ventral. (...) In this study, we use a transgenic zebrafish line (...). We provide evidence for the existence of two distinct pancreatic anlagen - a ventral anterior bud and a dorsal posterior bud - that join to form the definitive pancreas (reference 1); The pancreas develops from the fusion of distinct endoderm-derived dorsal and ventral diverticula. In humans, by day 35 of development, the ventral pancreatic bud begins to migrate backwards and comes into contact and eventually fuses with the dorsal pancreatic bud during the sixth week of development (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001429", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0012-1606(03)00308-7 Field HA, Dong PD, Beis D, Stainier DY, Formation of the digestive system in zebrafish. II. Pancreas morphogenesis. Developmental Biology (2003), DOI:10.2337/diabetes.49.2.225 Polak M, Bouchareb-Banaei L, Scharfmann R, Czernichow P, Early pattern of differentiation in the human pancreas. Diabetes (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003925 name: photoreceptor inner segment layer subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "retina photoreceptor layer inner segment" EXACT [MA:0002471] xref: MA:0002471 xref: TAO:0001465 xref: VHOG:0001172 xref: ZFA:0001465 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001788 ! outer limiting layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0001787 {source="MA"} ! photoreceptor layer of retina property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001172", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003926 name: photoreceptor outer segment layer subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "retina photoreceptor layer outer segment" EXACT [MA:0002472] xref: MA:0002472 xref: TAO:0001466 xref: VHOG:0001173 xref: ZFA:0001466 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001782 ! pigmented layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0001787 {source="MA"} ! photoreceptor layer of retina property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001173", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003927 name: obsolete macula lagena def: "This term was obsoleted as it was previously defined midleadingly as 'A macula that is part of a cochlea'." [UBERON:cjm] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0003928 name: digestive system duct def: "A duct that is part of a digestive system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "duct of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "duct of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastrointestinal system duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: TAO:0005162 xref: ZFA:0005162 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system [Term] id: UBERON:0003929 name: gut epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a digestive tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive tract epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive tract epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of digestive tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of gut" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of digestive tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of gut" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of lower gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gut epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower gastrointestinal tract epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower gastrointestinal tract epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000956 xref: EHDAA2:0004567 xref: ncithesaurus:Gut_Epithelium xref: TAO:0005123 xref: XAO:0003200 xref: ZFA:0005123 is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract property_value: external_definition "Epithelium lining the lumen of the gut.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005123", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003930 name: atrioventricular canal endocardium def: "Endocardium that is part of the atrioventricular canal[ZFA,vetted]." [ZFA:0001616] synonym: "AV canal endocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "AVC endocardium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "endocardium of atrioventricular canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endocardium of AV canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: TAO:0002170 xref: XAO:0004124 xref: ZFA:0001616 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002087 intersection_of: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal [Term] id: UBERON:0003931 name: diencephalic white matter def: "White matter that is part of a diencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "diencephalic tract/commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000338] synonym: "diencephalic tracts and commissures" EXACT [TAO:0000338] synonym: "white matter of diencephalon" EXACT [FMA:83931] xref: FMA:83931 xref: TAO:0000338 xref: ZFA:0000338 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0003932 name: cartilaginous element of chondrocranium def: "A cartilaginous element of chondrocranium. Example: neurocranial trabecula." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "cartilage of chondrocranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chondrocranium cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001461] synonym: "neurocranium cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001461] xref: EFO:0003690 xref: TAO:0001461 xref: ZFA:0001461 is_a: UBERON:0003933 ! cranial cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 intersection_of: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0003933 name: cranial cartilage def: "A cartilage element that is part of the cranial skeleton." [UBERON:cjm, ZFA:0001458] synonym: "cartilage of cranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cranium cartilage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: TAO:0001458 xref: ZFA:0001458 is_a: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 intersection_of: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Cartilage which is part of the cranium.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001458", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003934 name: mesenchyme pectoral fin def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a pectoral fin [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of pectoral fin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pectoral fin mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EFO:0003604 xref: TAO:0001000 xref: ZFA:0001000 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000151 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000151 ! pectoral fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000151 ! pectoral fin property_value: external_definition "Mesenchyme that is part of the pectoral fin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001000", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003935 name: mesenchyme pelvic fin def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a pelvic fin [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesenchyme of pelvic fin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvic fin mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: TAO:0001449 xref: ZFA:0001449 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000152 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin [Term] id: UBERON:0003936 name: postoptic commissure synonym: "POC" EXACT [ZFA:0000059] synonym: "post optic commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000059] synonym: "post-optic commissure" EXACT [ZFA:0000059] xref: EFO:0003478 xref: TAO:0000059 xref: ZFA:0000059 is_a: UBERON:0011590 ! commissure of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0003931 ! diencephalic white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003937 name: sex gland def: "any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and are associated with reproduction" [MP:0000653] subset: organ_slim synonym: "genitalia gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of genitalia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "reproductive gland" EXACT [MA:0001751] synonym: "reproductive system gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001751 is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0003938 name: sensory dissociation area def: "the area of the parietal lobe that integrates tactile and visual stimuli" [MP:0000796] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0003939 name: transverse gyrus of Heschl def: "the area of the temporal lobe concerned with hearing[MP]. The transverse temporal gyri (also called Heschl's gyri or Heschl's convolutions) are found in the area of primary auditory cortex in the superior temporal gyrus of the human brain, occupying Brodmann areas 41 and 42. It is the first cortical structure to process incoming auditory information. Anatomically, the transverse temporal gyri are distinct in that they run mediolaterally (towards the center of the brain) rather than dorsiventrally (front to back) as all other temporal lobe gyri run. The Heschl's gyri are named after Richard L. Heschl." [MP:0000803, Wikipedia:Transverse_temporal_gyrus] synonym: "gyri temporales transversi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_temporal_gyrus] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gray730.png is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001393 ! auditory cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001871 ! temporal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0003941 name: cerebellum anterior vermis def: "the anterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located anterior to the primary fissure" [MP:0000867] synonym: "anterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT [MA:0002969] synonym: "anterior vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72255] synonym: "part of vermal region" EXACT [FMA:72255] synonym: "vermis of anterior lobe" EXACT [FMA:72255] synonym: "vermis of anterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72255] xref: FMA:72255 xref: MA:0002969 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1185 is_a: UBERON:0004720 ! cerebellar vermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002131 ! anterior lobe of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0003942 name: somatic sensory system def: "the neural tissue involved in the transmission of sensory signals" [MP:0000959] comment: TODO - check is_a: UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000012 intersection_of: UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003943 name: fourth lumbar dorsal root ganglion def: "the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra" [MP:0001019] subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "forth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2626] synonym: "fourth lumbar dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "fourth lumbar spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6338] synonym: "L4 dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [MP:0001019] xref: EMAPA:25167 xref: FMA:6338 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2626 is_a: UBERON:0002836 {source="FMA"} ! lumbar dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0003945 name: somatic motor system def: "the neural tissue involved in the transmission of motor signals" [MP:0001051] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000012 ! somatic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003946 name: placenta labyrinth def: "the placental layers where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood" [MP:0001716] comment: Taxon notes: Mouse-human differences: The mouse and human placentas have labyrinthine and villous types of interdigitation between maternal and fetal tissues, respectively ... The mouse placental labyrinth is composed of an intricate network of maternal blood spaces and embryonal blood vessels. Maternal and embryonal blood is separated by a placental barrier that consists of four cellular layers: layer I trophoblasts line the maternal lacunae, trophoblasts in layers II and III form syncytial-like layers, and endothelial cells line the embryonic vessels[doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.14.8138 ]. See also: http://placentation.ucsd.edu/placenta.html synonym: "labyrinthine layer" EXACT [GO:0060713] synonym: "labyrinthine layer of placenta" EXACT [GO:0060713] synonym: "placental labyrinth" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001987 ! placenta property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 {source="http://placentation.ucsd.edu"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003947 name: brain ventricle/choroid plexus def: "the brain ventricles or their associated choroid plexuses" [MP:0002200] comment: TODO - check relationship between CP and BV. If this is part of then this class should be obsoleted is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure union_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus union_of: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0003948 name: blood-air barrier def: "the membrane between the capillary blood and alveolar air, comprised of the alveolar epithelium and the capillary epithelium and their adherent basement membranes and epithelial cell cytoplasm" [MP:0002324] comment: TODO - alveolar lumen xref: MESH:A.04.411.715.025 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000178 ! blood relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0003949 name: tubal tonsil def: "the lymph tissue associated with the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube" [MP:0002386] synonym: "auditory tube lymph gland" EXACT [FMA:54975] synonym: "eustachian amygdala" EXACT [FMA:54975] synonym: "Gerlach's tonsil" EXACT [FMA:54975] synonym: "Gerlach's tubal tonsil" EXACT [FMA:54975] xref: FMA:54975 xref: SCTID:143319002 is_a: UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil relationship: part_of UBERON:0001735 ! tonsillar ring [Term] id: UBERON:0003950 name: inner ear canal def: "the tubular ducts of the inner ear" [MP:0002729] is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear [Term] id: UBERON:0003951 name: ocular fundus def: "the posterior concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the posterior segment of the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, visible by an ophthalmoscope" [MP:0002864, Wikipedia:Fundus_(eye)] comment: TODO - check relationships synonym: "eye fundus" EXACT [] synonym: "fundus" EXACT [HP:0001098] synonym: "fundus oculi" EXACT [] synonym: "fundus of eye" EXACT [] xref: GAID:908 xref: galen:FundusOculi xref: MESH:A.09.371.729.313 xref: ncithesaurus:Fundus xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000583 xref: SCTID:362519003 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001802 ! posterior segment of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0003952 name: anterior stroma def: "the anterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea" [MP:0003093] is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea [Term] id: UBERON:0003953 name: posterior stroma def: "the posterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea" [MP:0003094] is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea [Term] id: UBERON:0003954 name: squamoparietal suture def: "the articulation of the squamous portion of the temporal bones with the parietal bones[MP]. The squamosal suture arches backward from the pterion and connects the temporal squama with the lower border of the parietal: this suture is continuous behind with the short, nearly horizontal parietomastoid suture, which unites the mastoid process of the temporal with the region of the mastoid angle of the parietal[WP]." [MP:0003844, Wikipedia:Squamosal_suture] synonym: "squamo-parietal suture" EXACT [MP:0003844] synonym: "squamoparietal suture of skull" EXACT [] synonym: "squamosal suture" RELATED [Wikipedia:Squamosal_suture] synonym: "squamous suture" RELATED [Wikipedia:Squamosal_suture] synonym: "squamous suture of skull" RELATED [FMA:52946] synonym: "sutura squamosa cranii" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Squamosal_suture] xref: EMAPA:19228 xref: FMA:52946 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Gray188-Squamosal_suture.png xref: SCTID:136248004 xref: SCTID:334174000 is_a: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 relationship: connects UBERON:0001695 intersection_of: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001695 ! squamous part of temporal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001695 ! squamous part of temporal bone relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0010155 ! parietomastoid suture [Term] id: UBERON:0003955 name: molar crown def: "the part of a molar that is covered by enamel" [MP:0003932] synonym: "crown of molar tooth" EXACT [FMA:85301] synonym: "molar tooth crown" EXACT [FMA:85301] synonym: "molar tooth tooth crown" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tooth crown of molar tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:85301 is_a: UBERON:0003675 ! tooth crown relationship: part_of UBERON:0003655 intersection_of: UBERON:0003675 ! tooth crown intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0003956 name: aqueous drainage system def: "the structures associated with drainage of the aqueous humor from the eye, that include the trabecular meshwork, Schlemm's canal, the uveoscleral network, and the aqueous veins" [MP:0005198] is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001768 ! uvea [Term] id: UBERON:0003957 name: Bruch's membrane def: "A transparent, nearly structureless innermost layer of the choroid in contact with the pigmented layer of the retina. Bruch's membrane consists of five layers (from inside to outside): 1. the basement membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium; 2. the inner collagenous zone; 3. a central band of elastic fibers; 4. the outer collagenous zone; 5. the basement membrane of the choriocapillaris. The retinal pigment epithelium transports metabolic waste from the photoreceptors across Bruch's membrane to the choroid." [MP:0005239, Wikipedia:Bruch's_membrane] comment: TODO - check FMA subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "basal lamina of choroid" EXACT [FMA:58438] synonym: "Bruch membrane" EXACT [GAID:914] synonym: "Bruch's basal membrane" EXACT [FMA:58438] synonym: "lamina basalis (choroid)" EXACT [FMA:58438] synonym: "lamina basilis" EXACT [FMA:58438] xref: FMA:58438 xref: GAID:914 xref: MESH:A.09.371.894.223.250 xref: SCTID:280652000 xref: ZFA:0005562 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! choroid [Term] id: UBERON:0003958 name: long bone epiphyseal ossification zone def: "The layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited" [MP:0006399] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0003959 name: rete testis def: "An anastomosing network of delicate tubules located in the hilum of the testicle (mediastinum testis) that carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vasa efferentia[WP]." [MP:0006416, Wikipedia:Rete_testis] comment: Editors note: add more specific classification e.g. anastomosing network - consider FMA:3726 synonym: "Haller's rete" EXACT [FMA:19834] xref: EMAPA:18332 xref: FMA:19834 xref: GAID:399 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Hodenschema.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Hodenschema.svg/200px-Hodenschema.svg.png xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.849.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Rete_Testis xref: SCTID:279617009 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001343 ! seminiferous tubule of testis relationship: channels_into UBERON:0006946 ! efferent duct relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005297 {source="Wikipedia"} ! testis sex cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005051 ! mediastinum testis [Term] id: UBERON:0003960 name: styloid process of temporal bone def: "slender needle-like pointed projection that runs downward and slightly forward from the base of the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone where it joins the tympanic portion; it gives attachment to the styloglossus, stylohyoid, and stylopharyngeus muscles and the stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments" [MP:0008023, Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process] comment: Disease notes: Eagle's syndrome synonym: "processus styloideus ossis temporalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process] synonym: "processus styloideus ossis temporalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process] synonym: "styloid process" EXACT [FMA:52877] synonym: "styloid process of petrous part of temporal bone" EXACT [FMA:52877] synonym: "temporal styloid process" EXACT [Wikipedia:Temporal_styloid_process] xref: FMA:52877 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray137.png xref: SCTID:138874009 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004368 {source="MP-implied-by-def"} ! Reichert's cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 {source="Kardong"} ! splanchnocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0003961 name: cingulum def: "the white matter fiber bundle that projects from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain" [MP:0008232] xref: SCTID:369084007 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0003962 name: pterygopalatine ganglion def: "the small parasympathetic ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the lacrimal, nasal, palatine and pharyngeal glands" [MP:0008314, Wikipedia:Pterygopalatine_ganglion] synonym: "g. pterygopalatinum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pterygopalatine_ganglion] synonym: "Meckel ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314] synonym: "Meckel's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6965] synonym: "nasal ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314] synonym: "palatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314] synonym: "pterygopalatine ganglia" EXACT [MP:0008314] synonym: "sphenopalatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314] synonym: "sphenopalatine parasympathetic ganglion" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001889] xref: EHDAA2:0001889 xref: FMA:6965 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray779.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray779.png/200px-Gray779.png xref: SCTID:280364004 is_a: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010128 {evidence="definitional"} ! future pterygopalatine ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0003963 name: otic ganglion def: "the ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the parotid gland" [MP:0008315, Wikipedia:Otic_ganglion] synonym: "arnold's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6967] synonym: "ganglion oticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Otic_ganglion] xref: EHDAA2:0001335 xref: EHDAA:6706 xref: FMA:6967 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray783.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gray783.png/200px-Gray783.png xref: SCTID:279283005 is_a: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0003964 name: prevertebral ganglion def: "the sympathetic ganglia located in front of the vertebral column and are associated with the major branches of the abdominal aorta; these include the celiac, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia" [MP:0008316] synonym: "collateral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5892] synonym: "previsceral ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5892] xref: FMA:5892 is_a: UBERON:0001806 ! sympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0003965 name: sympathetic afferent fiber def: "the fibers that conduct sensory nerve impulses from the viscera through the posterior dorsal roots into the spinal cord" [MP:0008319] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0003966 name: gonial bone def: "investing bone that lies on the surface of the malleus." [MP:0008380] comment: Editors note: To be revisted after a review of auditory ossicles synonym: "gonium" EXACT [MP:0008380] is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003457 ! head bone is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001689 ! malleus [Term] id: UBERON:0003967 name: cutaneous elastic fiber def: "the slender connective tissue fiber in the extracellular matrix of skin tissue that is composed of microfibrils and amorphous elastin and is characterized by great elasticity" [MP:0008418] is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body [Term] id: UBERON:0003968 name: peripheral lymph node def: "the lymph nodes located outside the thoracic and abdominal cavities, such as the submandibular, prescapular, axillary, inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes" [MP:0008463] is_a: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0003970 name: placental labyrinth vasculature def: "blood vessels of the layer of the placenta where embryonic and maternal blood vessels interdigitate" [MP:0008803] synonym: "placenta vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "placenta vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vascular network of placenta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasculature of placenta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0006876 ! vasculature of organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001987 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001987 ! placenta relationship: part_of UBERON:0001987 ! placenta [Term] id: UBERON:0003971 name: interfrontal bone def: "a bone between the frontal bones in the skull; an extra bony plate within the anterior fontanelle that is not usually present" [MP:0008818] is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0003972 name: placenta junctional zone def: "Fetally derived placental region that separates the maternal uterine tissue from the placenta labyrinth" [MP:0008957] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001987 ! placenta [Term] id: UBERON:0003973 name: nasal concha of ethmoid bone def: "One of the conchae of the ethmoid bone, which occupy the caudal part of the nasal fossae and form the lateral and superior portions of the turbinate bones in mammals[MP]. The ethmoturbinals are associated with the cribiform plate. They are covered with olfactory epithelium. Primarily, they serve to increase the surface area over which olfactory receptor neurons can come in contact with respiratory air. These olfactory receptor nerves then synapse with the mitral cells of the olfactory lobes through the cribiform plate in the manner described above[Palaeos]" [MP:0008971, palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html] comment: Note that FMA considers nasal concha and nasal concha of ethmoid bone to be synonymous. We disambiguate these here synonym: "ethmo-turbinate" EXACT [] synonym: "ethmoturbinal" EXACT [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html] synonym: "ethmoturbinate" EXACT [MP:0008971] synonym: "nasal turbinate of ethmoid bone" EXACT [] synonym: "turbinate of ethmoid bone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:57456 is_a: UBERON:0001762 ! nasal concha is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 intersection_of: UBERON:0001762 ! nasal concha intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006332 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! nasal capsule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0003974 name: cranial vagina def: "the upper third of the vagina." [MP:0009077] comment: Editor notes: relationship to caudal Mullerian duct? synonym: "upper third of vagina" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:362247003 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0003975 name: internal female genitalia def: "the internal feminine genital organs, including the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, uterine cervix, and vagina." [MP:0009209] subset: organ_slim synonym: "female internal genitalia" EXACT [FMA:45654] synonym: "internal female genital organ" EXACT [BTO:0003099] synonym: "internal genitalia of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organa genitalia feminina interna" RELATED [BTO:0003099] xref: BTO:0003099 xref: FMA:45654 xref: SCTID:303518005 is_a: UBERON:0003134 ! female reproductive organ is_a: UBERON:0004175 ! internal reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 intersection_of: UBERON:0004175 ! internal reproductive organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0003976 name: saccule duct def: "the saccular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the sacculus to the endolymphatic duct" [MP:0009259] synonym: "saccular duct" EXACT [MP:0009259] synonym: "saccular part of utriculosaccular duct" EXACT [] xref: FMA:77825 xref: SCTID:279829002 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: connects UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth relationship: connects UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0011774 ! utriculosaccular duct [Term] id: UBERON:0003977 name: utricle duct def: "the utricular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the utriculus to the endolymphatic duct" [MP:0009260] synonym: "utricular duct" EXACT [MP:0009260] synonym: "utricular part of utriculosaccular duct" EXACT [] xref: FMA:77824 xref: SCTID:279819009 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: connects UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth relationship: connects UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0011774 ! utriculosaccular duct [Term] id: UBERON:0003978 name: valve subset: grouping_class synonym: "anatomical valve" EXACT [FMA:67611] xref: EHDAA2:0004046 xref: EHDAA:1892 xref: EHDAA:4406 xref: FMA:67611 xref: galen:Valve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvqiwE5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0003979 name: utricle valve def: "the utriculo-endolymphatic (UE) valve which is located in the antero-inferior wall of the utricle at the orifice of the utricular duct and serves to regulate endolymph volume in the endolymphatic sac, the utricle and the canals" [MP:0009261] is_a: UBERON:0003978 ! valve is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0003980 name: cerebellum fissure def: "the deep furrows which divide the lobules of the cerebellum, including the postcentral, primary and secondary furrows" [MP:0009267] comment: we use the FMA set-of term in absence of a singular term synonym: "cerebellar fissures" RELATED [FMA:77789] synonym: "cerebellar fissures set" RELATED [FMA:77789] synonym: "fissurae cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77789, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of cerebellar fissures" RELATED [FMA:77789] xref: FMA:77789 xref: SCTID:314163001 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0003981 name: primordial ovarian follicle def: "primordial follicles are indiscernible to the naked eye and develop to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles" [MP:0009361] synonym: "ovary primordial follicle" EXACT [MA:0001710] synonym: "primordial follicle" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:30755 xref: MA:0001710 xref: ncithesaurus:Primordial_Follicle is_a: UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0003982 name: mature ovarian follicle def: "." [MP:0009364] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "antral follicle" RELATED [BTO:0000389] synonym: "folliculi ovarici vesiculosi" RELATED [BTO:0000389] synonym: "ovarian follicle stage IV" EXACT [ZFA:0001264] synonym: "ovary mature follicle" EXACT [MA:0001709] synonym: "preovulatory follicle" RELATED [BTO:0000389] xref: BTO:0000389 xref: EFO:0003653 xref: MA:0001709 xref: TAO:0001264 xref: ZFA:0001264 is_a: UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003981 ! primordial ovarian follicle property_value: external_definition "Stage IV (690-730 microns) are oocyte maturation. Selman et al, 1993.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001264", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003983 name: conus arteriosus def: "a conical pouch formed from the upper and left angle of the right ventricle in the chordate heart, from which the pulmonary artery arises[WP]. the anteriosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle, beginning at the supraventricular crest and terminates in the pulmonary trunk[MP]." [MP:0009464, Wikipedia:Conus_arteriosus] comment: Terminology notes: we use the term CA for the anterior chamber if it is composed of cardiac muscle, contractile, and contains conal valves internally[Kardong] Taxon notes: Kardong says absent in adult tetrapods, check AAO xref: AAO:0010250 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Gray492.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gray492.png/200px-Gray492.png is_a: UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle property_value: external_definition "Receives blood from the left atrium and becomes the median truncus arteriosus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010250", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0003984 name: uterine tube infundibulum def: "the funnel-like expansion of the abdominal extremity of the uterine tube" [MP:0009466, Wikipedia:Infundibulum_of_uterine_tube] synonym: "infundibulum of fallopian tube" EXACT [FMA:18307] synonym: "infundibulum of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18307] synonym: "infundibulum of uterine tube" EXACT [FMA:18307] synonym: "infundibulum tubae uterinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Infundibulum_of_uterine_tube] xref: EMAPA:29897 xref: FMA:18307 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Illu_cervix.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Illu_cervix.jpg/200px-Illu_cervix.jpg xref: SCTID:362262001 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube [Term] id: UBERON:0003985 name: major sublingual duct def: "the duct that drains the anterior portion of the sublingual gland and opens at the sublingual papilla" [MP:0009528] synonym: "Bartholin's duct" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:59986] xref: BTO:0004558 xref: FMA:59986 xref: SCTID:25237008 is_a: UBERON:0001838 ! sublingual duct disjoint_from: UBERON:0010150 ! duct of major vestibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001838 ! sublingual duct [Term] id: UBERON:0003986 name: minor sublingual duct def: "the 8-20 small ducts that open into the mouth on the surface of the sublingual fold" [MP:0009529] xref: FMA:59987 is_a: UBERON:0001838 ! sublingual duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001838 ! sublingual duct [Term] id: UBERON:0003987 name: Hassall's corpuscle def: "the small spherical bodies of epithelial cells found in the medulla of the thymus, that are arranged in a concentric pattern around clusters of degenerating lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages" [MP:0009539] xref: MA:0000772 xref: ncithesaurus:Hassall_s_Corpuscle xref: SCTID:34223001 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002124 ! medulla of thymus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003846 ! thymus epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0003988 name: thymus corticomedullary boundary def: "the dense region demarcating the thymus medulla from the surrounding cortex that is characterized by numerous blood vessels (predominantly arterioles) with some perivascular connective tissue, mature and immature T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, variable numbers of perivascular B-lymphocytes and plasma cells; site of entry of bone marrow stem cells and exit of mature, functional T cells" [MP:0009543] is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002123 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002124 intersection_of: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002123 ! cortex of thymus intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002124 ! medulla of thymus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002123 ! cortex of thymus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002124 ! medulla of thymus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002125 ! lobule of thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0003989 name: medulla oblongata anterior median fissure def: "the longitudinal groove in the midline of the anterior aspect of the medulla oblongata" [MP:0009680] synonym: "anterior median fissure" EXACT [FMA:83734] synonym: "anterior median fissure of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83734] synonym: "anterior median fissure of medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:83734] synonym: "fissura mediana anterior medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83734, FMA:TA] synonym: "ventral median fissure of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83734] synonym: "ventral median sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83734] xref: FMA:83734 xref: SCTID:279288001 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0003990 name: spinal cord motor column def: "the subclasses of motor neurons which are organized into longitudinally oriented columns that occupy distinct and, in some cases, discontinuous domains along the rostrocaudal axis of the spinal cord; motor neurons within a single column send their axons to a common peripheral target" [MP:0009685] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0003991 name: fourth ventricle median aperture def: "the large midline opening of the posterior inferior part of the roof of the fourth ventricle that connects the fourth ventricle to the posterior cerebromedullary cistern and the spinal cord" [MP:0009802, Wikipedia:Median_aperture] synonym: "apertura mediana ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_aperture] synonym: "arachnoid forament" RELATED [MA:0002947] synonym: "foramen of Magendie" EXACT [FMA:75015] synonym: "foramen of Majendie" EXACT [FMA:75015] synonym: "fourth ventricle median aperture" EXACT [MA:0002947] synonym: "median aperture" BROAD [MP:0009802] synonym: "median aperture of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:75015] xref: FMA:75015 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Gray708.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Gray708.svg/200px-Gray708.svg.png xref: MA:0002947 xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_of_Magendie xref: SCTID:279449001 is_a: UBERON:0004668 ! fourth ventricle aperture [Term] id: UBERON:0003992 name: fourth ventricle lateral aperture def: "The lateral aperture is a paired structure in human anatomy. It is an opening in each lateral extremity of the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle of the human brain. Along with the single median aperture, the two lateral aperatures provide a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid to flow from the brain's ventricular system into the subarachnoid space[WP]. the two lateral openings of the fourth ventricle into the subarachnoid space at the cerebellopontine angle[MP]." [MP:0009803, Wikipedia:Lateral_aperture] synonym: "apertura lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78473, FMA:TA] synonym: "apertura lateralis ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_aperture] synonym: "foramen of key and retzius" EXACT [FMA:78473] synonym: "foramen of Key-Retzius" EXACT [FMA:78473] synonym: "foramen of Luschka" EXACT [FMA:78473] synonym: "foramen of Retzius" EXACT [FMA:78473] synonym: "forament of Luschka" RELATED [MA:0002946] synonym: "lateral aperture" BROAD [MP:0009803] synonym: "lateral aperture of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78473] xref: FMA:78473 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Lateral_ventricle.gif xref: MA:0002946 xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_of_Luschka xref: SCTID:63426007 is_a: UBERON:0004668 ! fourth ventricle aperture [Term] id: UBERON:0003993 name: interventricular foramen def: "the paired channels that connect the lateral and third ventricles and allows cerebrospinal fluid produced in the lateral ventricles to flow into the third ventricles" [MP:0009804] xref: FMA:75351 xref: ncithesaurus:Interventricular_Foramen xref: SCTID:279248006 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0003994 name: pelvic ligament def: "the dorsal sacroiliac, the sacrotuberal and/or the iliolumbar ligaments associated with the bony ring formed by the pair of hip bones fused at the symphysis and their firm articulation with the sacrum" [MP:0009807] synonym: "pelvis ligament" EXACT [MA:0002948] xref: MA:0002948 is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament is_a: UBERON:0003594 ! pelvis connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0003995 name: subarcuate fossa def: "the irregular depression found on the posterior inner surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone just below its crest and above and lateral to the internal acoustic meatus[MP]. In the temporal bone, above and between the aquæductus vestibuli is an irregular depression which lodges a process of the dura mater and transmits a small vein and the subarcuate artery[1] a branch of the internal auditory artery, which is an end artery that supplies blood to the inner ear ; in the infant this depression is represented by a large fossa, the subarcuate fossa, which extends backward as a blind tunnel under the superior semicircular canal. It is extensive in most primates (except for great apes) and nearly all mammals. In these animals, the subarcuate fossa houses a part of the cerebellum, the petrosal lobe[WP]." [MP:0009822] xref: FMA:56418 is_a: UBERON:0004704 ! bone fossa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0003996 name: arcus anterior alt_id: UBERON:0005209 def: "The anterior arch of the atlas forms about one-fifth of the ring of the atlas: its anterior surface is convex, and presents at its center the anterior tubercle for the attachment of the Longus colli muscles; posteriorly it is concave, and marked by a smooth, oval or circular facet (fovea dentis), for articulation with the odontoid process (dens) of the axis[WP]. The arch that connects the lateral masses of the atlas anteriorly and articulates with the anterior articular facet of the dens of the axis[MP]." [MP:0009879, Wikipedia:Anterior_arch_of_atlas] synonym: "anterior arch of atlas" EXACT [MA:0002954] synonym: "arcus anterior atlantis" EXACT [MA:0002954] synonym: "arcus anterior atlantis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_arch_of_atlas] synonym: "cervical vertebra 1 arcus anterior" EXACT [MA:0002954] xref: FMA:23976 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Arcusanterioratlantis.png xref: MA:0002954 xref: SCTID:181891000 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0003997 name: hyoid bone greater horn def: "the larger and more lateral of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone" [MP:0009913] comment: In humans, the greater cornua are the larger, more lateral projections from the left and right borders of the body of hyoid bone. They are in contrast to the lesser cornua, which also occur in pairs but are comparatively smaller and conical in shape. The greater cornua are derived from the third pharyngeal arches. [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Greater_cornua] synonym: "cornu majus" EXACT [FMA:59496] synonym: "cornu majus ossis hyoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59496, FMA:TA] synonym: "cornua majora" EXACT [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Greater_cornua] synonym: "epibranchial" RELATED [CHECKME:CHECKME] synonym: "epibranchial of gill arch I" RELATED [CHECKME:CHECKME] synonym: "epibranchial of pharyngeal arch III" RELATED [CHECKME:CHECKME] synonym: "greater cornu" EXACT [FMA:59496] synonym: "greater cornua" EXACT [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Greater_cornua] synonym: "greater cornua" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone] synonym: "greater horn" EXACT [FMA:59496] synonym: "greater horn of hyoid" EXACT [FMA:59496] synonym: "greater horn of hyoid bone" EXACT [FMA:59496] synonym: "greater horn of the hyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hyoid_bone] synonym: "hyoid bone greater cornu" RELATED [MA:0002959] synonym: "hyoid bone long horn" RELATED [] synonym: "hyoid bone superior horn" RELATED [MA:0002959] synonym: "hyoid bone upper horn" RELATED [MA:0002959] synonym: "posterior horn of hyoid" RELATED [] synonym: "second horn of hyoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "tyrohal" EXACT [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Greater_cornua] synonym: "tyrohals" EXACT [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Greater_cornua] xref: EMAPA:18651 xref: EMAPA:18841 xref: FMA:59496 xref: MA:0002959 xref: SCTID:369008008 is_a: UBERON:0010273 {source="FMA"} ! zone of hyoid bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003114 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0003998 name: hyoid bone lesser horn def: "shorter and more medial of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone" [MP:0009914] synonym: "anterior horn of hyoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "ceratohyal" RELATED SENSU [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "cornu minus" EXACT [FMA:59499] synonym: "cornu minus ossis hyoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59499, FMA:TA] synonym: "hyoid bone lesser cornu" RELATED [MA:0002960] synonym: "hyoid bone lower horn" RELATED [MA:0002960] synonym: "lesser cornu" EXACT [FMA:59499] synonym: "lesser cornu of hyoid" EXACT [] synonym: "lesser cornua" EXACT [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Lesser_cornua] synonym: "lesser horn" EXACT [FMA:59499] synonym: "lesser horn of hyoid" EXACT [FMA:59499] synonym: "lesser horn of hyoid bone" EXACT [FMA:59499] synonym: "lesser horn of the hyoid" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18652 xref: EMAPA:18842 xref: FMA:59499 xref: MA:0002960 xref: SCTID:369007003 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010273 {source="FMA"} ! zone of hyoid bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004368 {source="MP-implied-by-def"} ! Reichert's cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0003999 name: hyoid bone body def: "the main curve of the hyoid bone, from which the horns extend" [MP:0009917, Wikipedia:Body_of_hyoid_bone] synonym: "base of hyoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002958] synonym: "basihyal bone" RELATED [MA:0002958] synonym: "basihyoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002958] synonym: "body of hyoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "body of hyoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002958] synonym: "corpus ossis hyoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_hyoid_bone] synonym: "hyoid bone base" RELATED [MA:0002958] xref: EMAPA:18653 xref: EMAPA:18843 xref: FMA:59495 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Gray186.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gray186.png/200px-Gray186.png xref: MA:0002958 xref: SCTID:369006007 is_a: UBERON:0010273 {source="cjm"} ! zone of hyoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004000 name: tarsal gland acinus def: "." [MP:0009935] synonym: "acinus of tarsal gland" EXACT [] synonym: "meibomian gland acinus" EXACT [] synonym: "palpebral gland acinus" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0011846 ! acinus of sebaceous gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001818 intersection_of: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001818 ! tarsal gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001818 ! tarsal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004001 name: olfactory bulb layer def: "." [MP:0009946] comment: TODO - check isa parentage synonym: "cytoarchitectural part of olfactory bulb" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090402] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090402 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0004002 name: cerebellum posterior lobe def: "the region of the cerebellum that is posterior to the primary fissure and anterior to the posteriolateral fissure" [MP:0009962] synonym: "cerebrocerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72252] synonym: "middle lobe-1 of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72252] synonym: "posterior cerebellar lobe" EXACT [FMA:72252] synonym: "posterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior lobe of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_911] synonym: "posterior lobe-1 of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72252] xref: FMA:72252 xref: MA:0002964 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_911 xref: SCTID:279360009 is_a: UBERON:0005293 ! cerebellum lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0004003 name: cerebellum hemisphere lobule def: "the region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in either of the lateral sections of the cerebellum outside the vermis; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres" [MP:0009963] comment: TODO - define as a region overlapping synonym: "cerebellar hemisphere lobule" EXACT [] synonym: "lobule of cerebellar hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:83880] synonym: "lobule of hemisphere of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83880] xref: FMA:83880 xref: MA:0002967 is_a: UBERON:0004004 ! cerebellum lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 intersection_of: UBERON:0004004 ! cerebellum lobule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004004 name: cerebellum lobule def: "one of the the ten gyri of the cerebellar cortex" [MP:0009964] synonym: "lobular parts of the cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1084] xref: MA:0002966 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1084 is_a: UBERON:0002749 ! regional part of cerebellar cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004005 name: cerebellum lateral hemisphere def: "the most lateral paired regions of the cerebellum; the lateral zone receives input from the parietal cortex via pontocerebellar mossy fibers regarding the location and position of the body and integrates input signals with indications of muscle activity" [MP:0009965] is_a: UBERON:0002749 ! regional part of cerebellar cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004006 name: cerebellum intermediate hemisphere def: "the paired regions of the cerebellar hemisphere that lie adjacent to the vermis and are between the vermis and lateral regions of the hemispheres; it receives input from the corticopontocerebellar fibers that originate from the motor cortex, and also receives sensory feedback from the muscles; these signals are integrated by this region, to coordinate muscle activity with motor inputs" [MP:0009966] is_a: UBERON:0002749 ! regional part of cerebellar cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002245 ! hemisphere of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004008 name: cerebellar plate def: "the embryonic pseudostratified epithelium of the fourth cerebellar ventricle that eventually forms the vermis and ventral neuroepithelium" [MP:0000856] is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004009 name: cerebellum posterior vermis def: "the posterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located posterior to the primary fissure" [MP:0000869] synonym: "posterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "vermis of posterior lobe" EXACT [FMA:72259] synonym: "vermis of posterior lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "vermis of the posterior lobe of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081240] xref: FMA:72259 xref: MA:0002970 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081240 is_a: UBERON:0004720 ! cerebellar vermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004002 ! cerebellum posterior lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0004010 name: primary muscle spindle def: "the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and sensitive to stretch velocity" [MP:0000991] is_a: UBERON:0003718 ! muscle spindle [Term] id: UBERON:0004011 name: secondary muscle spindle def: "the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and not sensitive to stretch velocity" [MP:0000994] is_a: UBERON:0003718 ! muscle spindle [Term] id: UBERON:0004012 name: golgi tendon organ def: "the sensory organ in muscle that is involved in regulating muscle tension" [MP:0000999] synonym: "neurotendinous ending" EXACT [FMA:83608] synonym: "neurotendinous organ of golgi" EXACT [FMA:83608] xref: FMA:83608 xref: ncithesaurus:Golgi_Tendon_Organ is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ [Term] id: UBERON:0004013 name: egg cylinder def: "the transient cup-like structure of the epiblast that consists of a single layer of embryonic cells" [MP:0003085] is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) [Term] id: UBERON:0004014 name: labium minora def: "The labia minora or nymphae are two longitudinal cutaneous folds on the human vulva. They are situated between the labia majora, and extend from the clitoris obliquely downward, laterally, and backward on either side of the vulval vestibule, ending between bottom of the vulval vestibule and the labia majora. In the virgin the posterior ends of the labia minora are usually joined across the middle line by a fold of skin, named the frenulum labiorum pudendi or fourchette. Labia minora may vary widely in size from woman to woman. On the front, each labium minus (nympha) divides into two portions: the upper division passes above the clitoris to meet the labium minus of the opposite side—which may not be equal in size—forming a fold which overhangs the glans clitoridis; this fold is named the preputium clitoridis. The lower division passes beneath the glans clitoridis and becomes united to its under surface, forming, with the labium minus of the opposite side—which also may not be equal in size—the frenulum clitoridis. On the opposed surfaces of the labia minora are numerous sebaceous follicles. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Labia_minora] synonym: "labia minorum" EXACT [] synonym: "labium minora" EXACT [] synonym: "labium minorum" EXACT [MA:0002845] synonym: "labium minus" EXACT [FMA:20374] synonym: "labium minus pudendi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Labia_minora] xref: FMA:20374 xref: galen:LabiaMinora xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Vulva_labeled_english.jpg xref: MA:0002845 xref: ncithesaurus:Labium_Minus xref: SCTID:362240001 is_a: UBERON:0004084 ! labium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004876 {source="Wikipedia"} ! urogenital ridge [Term] id: UBERON:0004015 name: embryonic-extraembryonic boundary def: "the normal development /maintenance of the connection between the embryo proper and extraembryonic tissues" [MP:0003890] is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000478 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 intersection_of: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0004016 name: dermatome def: "the mesoderm that is derived from the somite that is fated to become the dermis[MP]" [MP:0003940, Wikipedia:Dermatomal_mesenchyme] comment: Not to be confused with 'dermatome segment of skin'. synonym: "cutis plate" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cutis_plate] synonym: "dermatomal mesenchyme" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cutis_plate] synonym: "mesenchyma dermatomiale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dermatomal_mesenchyme] xref: AAO:0011028 xref: EHDAA2:0003428 xref: EHDAA:1719 xref: EHDAA:1725 xref: EHDAA:1731 xref: EHDAA:1737 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Gray64.png xref: ncithesaurus:Dermatome xref: XAO:0000220 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0007121 ! dermatome segment of skin relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004290 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dermomyotome relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004017 name: periocular mesenchyme def: "the mesenchymal cells that give rise to the corneal endothelium, corneal stroma, sclera, iris stroma, ciliary muscle, ciliary stroma, and trabecular meshwork of the eye[MP]." [MP:0004054, PMID:3709965] comment: AO notes: Check XAO once it has a definition. Taxon notes: Periocular mesenchyme (PM) is a mesencephalic neural crest derived cell population which as a result of an interaction with the retinal pigment epithelium forms the scleral cartilage of the avian eye[PMID:3709965] synonym: "periocular mesenchyme" RELATED [XAO:0004089] xref: XAO:0004089 xref: ZFA:0005572 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye [Term] id: UBERON:0004019 name: baroreceptor def: "the sensory nerve endings in the wall of the atria of the heart, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus that are sensitive to changes in blood pressure" [MP:0004118] xref: FMA:85601 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0004020 name: obsolete embryonic cilium def: "OBSOLETE: the earliest cilia of the mouse embryo found on the cells of the embryonic node" [MP:0004131] comment: Made obsolete as cell components are out of scope is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004021 name: spongiotrophoblast layer def: "the structure of the outer structural layer of the rodent placenta[MP]. Forms a compact layer of non-syncytial cells between the labyrinth and the outer giant cells" [MP:0004255, PMID:19829370] comment: Taxon notes: restriction to Rodentia may be too strong - we apply it for now as we are inheriting the MP definition. Development notes: In the absence of direct lineage analysis, it has been assumed, from his- tological studies and from the continuity of marker gene expression, that the spongiotrophoblast largely derives from the cells of the ectoplacental cone[PMID:19829370] synonym: "spongiotrophoblast layer of placenta" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001987 ! placenta [Term] id: UBERON:0004022 name: embryonic neuroepithelium def: "the epithelial cell layer that lines the neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells" [MP:0004261] synonym: "neurepithelium" BROAD [BTO:0000314] xref: BTO:0000314 xref: EHDAA2:0004654 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium disjoint_from: UBERON:0006934 ! sensory epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004023 name: ganglionic eminence def: "the transient proliferative population of neurons that expands exponentially during late prenatal development; it is a continuous germinal zone distinct from the ventricular zone that surrounds the brain ventricles[MP]. The eminences are found in the ventral part of the telencephalon, where they form bulges in the ventricles. These bulges develop into the basal ganglia.[1] They also contribute significantly in building up the GABAergic cortical cell population[WP]." [MP:0004274, Wikipedia:Ganglionic_eminence] synonym: "embryonic subventricular zone" EXACT [] synonym: "embryonic/fetal subventricular zone" EXACT [] synonym: "fetal subventricular zone" EXACT [] synonym: "GE" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004024 name: medial ganglionic eminence def: "a distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the neocortex; however, hippocampal neurons, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the MGE." [MP:0004276] synonym: "MGE" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence [Term] id: UBERON:0004025 name: lateral ganglionic eminence def: "a distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the striatum; however, neocortex, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the LGE" [MP:0004277] synonym: "LGE" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence [Term] id: UBERON:0004026 name: caudal ganglionic eminence def: "the caudally located, distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone, located adjacent to the lateral ventricle" [MP:0004278] synonym: "CGE" BROAD [] xref: EFO:0001911 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence [Term] id: UBERON:0004027 name: chorionic plate def: "the portion of the chorion from which chorionic villi develop that establish a connection with the endometrium, giving rise to the fetal portion of the mature placenta" [MP:0004560] xref: BTO:0002879 xref: ncithesaurus:Chorionic_Plate xref: SCTID:256391000 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 ! chorion [Term] id: UBERON:0004029 name: canal of Schlemm def: "the vascular structure encircling the anterior chamber of the eye, through which the aqueous humor is returned to the blood circulation" [MP:0005204] synonym: "Schlemm's canal" EXACT [] synonym: "scleral sinus" EXACT [FMA:51873] synonym: "scleral venous sinus" EXACT [FMA:51873] synonym: "sinus venosus of sclera" EXACT [FMA:51873] xref: FMA:51873 xref: ncithesaurus:Canal_of_Schlemm xref: SCTID:280605006 is_a: UBERON:0001653 ! facial vein is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003956 ! aqueous drainage system relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0003712 {source="FMA/obol"} ! cavernous sinus relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0005486 {source="FMA/obol"} ! venous dural sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0004030 name: aqueous vein def: "this vessel that receives aqueous humor from the sinus venosus sclerae (canal of Schlemm)" [MP:0005207] is_a: UBERON:0001653 ! facial vein is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003956 ! aqueous drainage system [Term] id: UBERON:0004031 name: ectomesenchyme def: "mesenchymal cells derived from neural crest cells that contribute to development of the hard and soft tissue in the head and neck, including the branchial arches." [MP:0006302] is_a: UBERON:0005253 ! head mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0004032 name: podocyte slit diaphragm def: "the thin membrane that covers the podocyte filtration slit which allows small molecules such as water, glucose, and ionic salts to pass through while retaining larger macromolecules in the bloodstream" [MP:0008060] comment: TODO - submit to GO is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0004033 name: podocyte slit junction def: "the gaps between the interdigitated foot processes of the podocyte" [MP:0008062] comment: TODO - submit to GO is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004355 ! podocyte foot process [Term] id: UBERON:0004034 name: cutaneous microfibril def: "the fiber-like strand of fibrillin that forms the scaffold of the cutaneous elastic fibers found in the extracellular matrix of the skin" [MP:0008419] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003967 ! cutaneous elastic fiber [Term] id: UBERON:0004035 name: subplate def: "the transient outer neural tube region that contains the first generated post-mitotic neurons that receive synaptic input from thalamic axons and in turn project axons to the developing cortical plate" [MP:0008440, Wikipedia:Subplate] comment: The transient fetal subplate zone, together with the marginal zone and the cortical plate, represents the developmental anlage of the mammalian cerebral cortex. It serves as a waiting compartment for growing cortical afferents; its cells are involved in the establishment of pioneering cortical efferent projections and transient fetal circuitry, and apparently have a number of other developmental roles. The subplate zone is a phylogenetically recent structure and it is most developed in the human brain. Subplate neurons are among the first generated neurons in the mammalian cerebral cortex [1]. These neurons disappear during postnatal development and are important in establishing the correct wiring [2][3] and functional maturation [4] of the cerebral cortex. Subplate neurons appear to be selectively sensitive to injury (such as hypoxia) which in humans are associated with motor and cognitive defects[WP]. is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004036 name: obsolete retinal cone cell inner segment def: "the retinal cone cell region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region" [MP:0008448] comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004037 name: obsolete retinal cone cell outer segment def: "the retinal cone cell region in which the visual pigment rhodopsin is in invaginations of the cell membrane" [MP:0008449] comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004038 name: obsolete retinal rod cell inner segment def: "the retinal rod cell region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region" [MP:0008455] comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004039 name: obsolete retinal rod cell outer segment def: "the retinal rod cell region which contains stacks of membranous discs separate from the outer cell membrane that are rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin" [MP:0008456] comment: request from GO as subclass of photoreceptor segment is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004040 name: cortical intermediate zone def: "the region of the developing mammalian cortex that extends between the ventricular zone and the cortical plate (CP); normally, the IZ is a region of tangential migration of cells, and at midgestation, the lower part of the IZ develops into the subventricular zone" [MP:0008457] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0004041 name: spleen primary B follicle def: "the nodules of small undifferentiated B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells located in the spleen white pulp" [MP:0008471] comment: AO notes - FMA:15843 is classified as primary follicle so it belongs here synonym: "primary spleen B cell follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] xref: FMA:15843 is_a: UBERON:0001249 ! spleen lymphoid follicle is_a: UBERON:0010422 ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0010422 ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0004042 name: spleen secondary B follicle def: "the nodules of antigen-activated, differentiating B cells, follicular dendritic cells, antigen-presenting T cells and macrophages in the spleen white pulp" [MP:0008472] synonym: "secondary spleen B cell follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "splenic secondary B cell follicle" EXACT [MP:0008472] is_a: UBERON:0001249 ! spleen lymphoid follicle is_a: UBERON:0001745 ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0001745 ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004041 {source="CL:tm"} ! spleen primary B follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0004043 name: semicircular canal ampulla def: "the spherical enlargement at the base of each semicircular canal where they connect with the utricle, containing the crista ampullaris which detects movement of the fluid within the canals" [MP:0008488, Wikipedia:Osseous_ampullae] comment: TODO check duct vs canal. Also check FMA - has many subtypes of semicircular canal such as 'ampulla of anterior semicircular canal' synonym: "ampullae osseae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Osseous_ampullae] synonym: "membraneous ampulla of the semicircular duct" RELATED [MP:0008488] synonym: "semicircular duct ampulla" RELATED [MA:0002770] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg/200px-Vestibular_system%27s_semicircular_canal-_a_cross-section.jpg xref: MA:0002770 xref: SCTID:279759001 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 ! semicircular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001856 {source="MA"} ! semicircular duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004044 name: anterior visceral endoderm def: "the extraembryonic tissue that is responsible for the proper orientation of the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo and for appropriate patterning of adjacent embryonic tissue" [MP:0008533] comment: see also primitive streak synonym: "AVE" RELATED [BTO:0003361] xref: BTO:0003361 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004045 name: tailgut def: "the extension of the hindgut of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo, caudal to the location of the anal opening" [MP:0008787] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut [Term] id: UBERON:0004046 name: anterior definitive endoderm def: "the mesendoderm which first migrates from the node and which gives rise to the gut" [MP:0008926] comment: TODO - check is_a: UBERON:0000089 ! hypoblast (generic) [Term] id: UBERON:0004047 name: basal cistern def: "the enclosed space where the arachnoid membrane stretches between the two temporal lobes and encloses the cerebral peduncles including the structures contained in the interpeduncular fossa" [MP:0009029] xref: EMAPA:19056 xref: EMAPA:19149 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0004048 name: pontine cistern def: "the space located on lateral aspects of the pons at the junction with the celebellum" [MP:0009030] xref: EMAPA:18212 xref: FMA:83719 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern is_a: UBERON:0005219 ! hindbrain subarachnoid space relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0004049 name: cerebellomedullary cistern def: "the largest of the subarachnoid cisterns between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata; it is divided into a posterior cerebellomedullary cistern [TA] located between the cerebellum and the posterior surface of the medulla (also called cisterna magna), and a lateral cerebellomedullary cistern [TA] located between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/cerebellomedullary-cistern.html] synonym: "great cistern" EXACT [FMA:74517] xref: FMA:74517 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0004050 name: subarachnoid cistern def: "the widening portions of the subarachnoid space within the cranium where the arachnoid bridges over a depression on the surface of the brain" [MP:0009032, Wikipedia:Cistern_(neuroanatomy)] comment: AO notes: in FMA is a subdivision of arachnoid space synonym: "cistern" BROAD [Wikipedia:Cistern_(neuroanatomy)] synonym: "cisterna" BROAD LATIN [Wikipedia:Cistern_(neuroanatomy)] xref: FMA:83717 xref: ncithesaurus:Subarachnoid_Cistern xref: SCTID:314223007 is_a: UBERON:0000315 ! subarachnoid space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004051 name: lateral cerebellomedullary cistern def: "the space between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla" [MP:0009034] synonym: "cisterna cerebellomedullaris lateralis" EXACT [MP:0009034] xref: FMA:83722 is_a: UBERON:0004049 ! cerebellomedullary cistern relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004052 name: quadrigeminal cistern def: "the enclosed space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus that contains the internal cerebral veins" [MP:0009035] synonym: "ambient cistern" EXACT [FMA:74511] synonym: "cistern of great cerebral vein" EXACT [FMA:74511] synonym: "cisterna ambiens" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74511, FMA:TA] synonym: "cisterna quadrigeminalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74511, FMA:TA] synonym: "cisterna venae magnae cerebri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74511, FMA:TA] synonym: "superior cistern" EXACT [FMA:74511] xref: FMA:74511 xref: ncithesaurus:Quadrigeminal_Cistern xref: SCTID:56154003 is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002336 ! corpus callosum [Term] id: UBERON:0004053 name: external male genitalia def: "the external masculine genital organs, including the penis and scrotum" [MP:0009199] subset: organ_slim synonym: "external male genital organ" EXACT [BTO:0003097] synonym: "male external genitalia" EXACT [FMA:45642] synonym: "organa genitalia masculina externa" RELATED [BTO:0003097] xref: BTO:0003097 xref: EMAPA:30977 xref: FMA:45642 xref: galen:MaleExternalGenitalia xref: SCTID:362264000 is_a: UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ is_a: UBERON:0004176 ! external reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 intersection_of: UBERON:0004176 ! external reproductive organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system disjoint_from: UBERON:0005056 ! external female genitalia disjoint_from: UBERON:0009196 ! indifferent external genitalia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0004054 name: internal male genitalia def: "the internal masculine genital organs, including the testes, epididymides, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, ejaculatory ducts, and bulbourethral glands" [MP:0009205] comment: Editor note: consider splitting genitalia from genital organ subset: organ_slim synonym: "internal male genital organ" EXACT [BTO:0003096] synonym: "male internal genitalia" EXACT [FMA:45655] synonym: "organa genitalia masculina interna" RELATED [BTO:0003096] xref: BTO:0003096 xref: FMA:45655 xref: SCTID:310536002 is_a: UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ is_a: UBERON:0004175 ! internal reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 intersection_of: UBERON:0004175 ! internal reproductive organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0004055 name: primitive pit def: "the small depression in the primitive streak that is caudal to the primitive node where the cells of the epiblast initially begin to invaginate during early embryogenesis" [MP:0009329] comment: TODO - check xref: EHDAA2:0001521 xref: EHDAA:551 xref: ncithesaurus:Primitive_Pit is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004341 ! primitive streak [Term] id: UBERON:0004056 name: primitive groove def: "the shallow valley that extends along the length of the primitive streak" [MP:0009330] comment: TODO - check xref: EHDAA2:0001511 xref: EHDAA:547 xref: ncithesaurus:Primitive_Groove is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004341 ! primitive streak [Term] id: UBERON:0004057 name: skeletal muscle fiber triad def: "the skeletal muscle fiber structure comprised of the transverse tubule and the two associated terminal cisternae; each fiber normally has thousands of triads" [MP:0009411] is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0004058 name: biliary ductule def: "One of the fine terminal elements of the bile duct system, leaving the portal canal, and pursuing a course at the periphery of a lobule of the liver[BTO]. the excretory ducts of the liver that connect the interlobular ductules to the right or left hepatic duct[MP]" [BTO:0002840, MP:0009494] comment: ZFIN: Digestive system duct that collects bile from the canaliculus and transports bile through the liver -- (check if the same) // The smallest and the most peripheral branches of the biliary tree consist of a portal part (portal ductule) and an intralobular part (intralobular ductule) // synonym: "bile capillary" RELATED [BTO:0002840] synonym: "bile ductule" EXACT [BTO:0002840] synonym: "biliary ductule" EXACT [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?ductuli+biliferi] synonym: "biliary ductule" RELATED [BTO:0002840] synonym: "cholangiole" RELATED [BTO:0002840] synonym: "ductuli biliferi" EXACT [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?ductuli+biliferi] xref: BTO:0002840 xref: TAO:0005164 xref: ZFA:0005164 is_a: UBERON:0003928 ! digestive system duct is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0002394 {source="BTO"} ! bile duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004059 name: spinal cord medial motor column def: "the subclasses of motor neurons which project their axons to axial muscles that lie close to the vertebral column; motor neurons in the lateral subdivision of the MMC project their axons to body wall muscles" [MP:0009686] is_a: UBERON:0003990 ! spinal cord motor column [Term] id: UBERON:0004060 name: neural tube ventricular layer def: "the layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen" [MP:0009689] synonym: "neural tube ependymal zone" EXACT [MP:0009689] synonym: "neural tube ventricular zone" RELATED [MP:0009689] xref: EMAPA:16783 xref: EMAPA:17152 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003842 ! neural tube lumen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004061 name: neural tube mantle layer def: "the layer of glia and differentiating neurons that will form the gray matter of the spinal cord; this lies between the ventricular and marginal layers and includes the basal and alar plates" [MP:0009690] synonym: "neural tube intermediate zone" EXACT [MP:0009690] xref: EMAPA:17148 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004060 ! neural tube ventricular layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004062 ! neural tube marginal layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004062 name: neural tube marginal layer def: "the outermost layer of the neural tube that contains nerve fibers and will form the white matter" [MP:0009691] synonym: "neural tube marginal zone" EXACT [MP:0009691] xref: EMAPA:17151 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004063 name: spinal cord alar plate def: "the region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses; the alar plate develops into the dorsal horn in the grey matter of the spinal cord" [MP:0009692] comment: TODO - merge with UBERON:0003054 roof plate? synonym: "alar column spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000899] synonym: "spinal cord alar column" EXACT [MP:0009692] synonym: "spinal cord alar lamina" EXACT [MP:0009692] xref: EMAPA:17149 xref: EMAPA:17581 xref: VHOG:0000899 is_a: UBERON:0005882 ! alar plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004064 name: basal plate def: "the region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies ventral to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily motor neurons and interneurons. the region of the neural tube ventral to the sulcus limitans. It extends from the rostral mesencephalon to the end of the spinal cord and contains primarily motor neurons, whereas neurons found in the alar plate are primarily associated with sensory functions. The cell types of the basal plate include lower motor neurons and four types of interneuron. Initially the left and right sides of the basal plate are continuous, but during neurulation they become separated by the floor plate, a derivative of the notochord[WP]." [MP:0009693, Wikipedia:Basal_plate_(neural_tube)] synonym: "basal plate of neural tube" EXACT [Wikipedia:Basal_plate_(neural_tube)] synonym: "spinal cord basal plate" EXACT [MP:0009693] xref: AAO:0010561 xref: EFO:0001904 xref: ncithesaurus:Basal_Plate is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004061 ! neural tube mantle layer relationship: ventral_to UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004065 name: primordial meninx def: "the outermost mesenchymal covering of the developing brain and spinal cord that is composed of tough fibrous connective tissue from which the arachnoid mater, pia mater and dura mater are formed" [MP:0009726] is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004066 name: frontonasal prominence alt_id: UBERON:0006237 def: "During embryonic development, two areas of thickened ectoderm, the olfactory areas, appear immediately under the fore-brain in the anterior wall of the stomodeum, one on either side of a region termed the frontonasal prominence (or process)[WP]. By the upgrowth of the surrounding parts these areas are converted into pits, the olfactory pits, which indent the frontonasal prominence and divide it into a medial and two lateral nasal processes[WP]. two areas of thickened ectoderm, the olfactory areas, appear immediately under the fore-brain in the anterior wall of the stomodeum, one on either side of a region termed the frontonasal prominence. an unpaired facial process in the embryo formed from the tissues surrounding the forebrain vesicle that develops into the forehead and bridge of the nose/snout[MP]." [MP:0009901, Wikipedia:Frontonasal_prominence] comment: TODO - improve def synonym: "prominentia frontonasalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontonasal_prominence] xref: EHDAA2:0000581 xref: EHDAA:4778 xref: EMAPA:16681 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Gray44.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Gray44.png/200px-Gray44.png xref: ncithesaurus:Frontonasal_Prominence xref: SCTID:361486000 xref: VHOG:0001319 is_a: UBERON:0009292 ! embryonic nasal process [Term] id: UBERON:0004067 name: lateral nasal prominence def: "the lateral area of the two branches of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling in the future nasal region of the embryo; it separates the olfactory pit from the developing eye and the ala of the nose/snout develops from it" [MP:0009902, Wikipedia:Lateral_nasal_prominence] synonym: "lateral nasal process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000916] synonym: "lateral nasal swelling" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "latero-nasal process" EXACT [EMAPA:16805] synonym: "prominentia nasalis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_nasal_prominence] xref: EHDAA2:0000916 xref: EHDAA:4786 xref: EMAPA:16805 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray48.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray48.png/200px-Gray48.png xref: SCTID:308880000 is_a: UBERON:0009292 ! embryonic nasal process relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004066 {source="Wikipedia"} ! frontonasal prominence relationship: part_of UBERON:0004066 {source="EHDAA2"} ! frontonasal prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0004068 name: medial nasal prominence def: "the central area of the two limbs of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling that lie medial to the olfactory placode or pit in the future nasal region of the embryo; it joins with the ipsilateral maxillary prominence in the formation of half of the upper jaw, and the nasal tip and philtrum of the upper lip develop from it" [MP:0009903, Wikipedia:Medial_nasal_prominence] comment: Fusion of right and left medial nasal processes forms a primary palate rostrally and the nasal septum caudally. The incisive bone, including upper incisor teeth and the rostral up- per lip, are derived from the primary palate. The nasal septum consists of bone, cartilage, and a patch of soft tissue membrane that separates right & left halves of the nasal cavity. synonym: "medial nasal process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001076] synonym: "medial nasal swelling" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "medial-nasal process" EXACT [EMAPA:16808] synonym: "prominentia nasalis medialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_nasal_prominence] xref: EHDAA2:0001076 xref: EHDAA:4792 xref: EMAPA:16808 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Gray45.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Gray45.png/200px-Gray45.png xref: SCTID:308877001 xref: VHOG:0000804 is_a: UBERON:0009292 ! embryonic nasal process relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004066 {source="Wikipedia"} ! frontonasal prominence relationship: part_of UBERON:0004066 {source="EHDAA2"} ! frontonasal prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0004069 name: accessory olfactory bulb def: "the forebrain region that coordinates sensory signaling arising from the vomeronasal organ; it is located on the dorsal-posterior portion of the main olfactory bulb, and the axons that leave the accessory olfactory bulb project to targets in the amygdala and hypothalamus" [MP:0009945, Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb#Accessory_olfactory_bulb] synonym: "accessory olfactory formation" RELATED [MA:0000966] synonym: "olfactory bulb accessory nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090453] xref: ABA:AOB xref: BTO:0004797 xref: MA:0000966 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090453 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 {source="cjm"} ! olfactory bulb relationship: part_of UBERON:0005366 {source="MA"} ! olfactory lobe property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004070 name: cerebellum vermis lobule def: "the region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in the central section of the cerebellum between the two hemispheres; in humans, vermis lobule regions may be nearly continuous with the cerebellar hemisphere lobules dorsally but are separated by deeper longitudinal fissues in the ventral regions; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres" [MP:0009957] comment: TODO - define as a region overlapping xref: MA:0002968 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081223 is_a: UBERON:0004004 ! cerebellum lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0004720 intersection_of: UBERON:0004004 ! cerebellum lobule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004720 ! cerebellar vermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004720 ! cerebellar vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004071 name: cerebellum emboliform nucleus def: "the small wedge shaped nucleus interposed between the dentate and fastigial nuclei; it receives axons from Purkinje cells of the intermediate area of the cerebral hemispheres and most of its efferent connections travel via the superior cerebellar peduncle" [MP:0009981] xref: SCTID:279222003 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004072 name: cerebellum globose nucleus def: "the two or three small masses of gray matter that is located medial to the emboliform nucleus and lateral to the fastigial nucleus; it receives axons from the intermediate area of the cerebellar hemispheres and its afferents exit through the superior cerebellar peduncle; it is recognized in human cerebellum but is not distinguishable in all mammalian species" [MP:0009982] xref: SCTID:279223008 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004073 name: cerebellum interpositus nucleus def: "the nucelus composed of the globose and emoliform nuclei of the cerebellum; in some mammalian species the globose nucleus is not distinguishable" [MP:0009984] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004074 name: cerebellum vermis lobule I def: "." [MP:0009988] comment: TODO FMA:61904 lingual gyrus FMA:71032 lingula gyrus (lg) synonym: "lingula" RELATED [MA:0000998] synonym: "lingula (I)" EXACT [ABA:LING] synonym: "lingula of anterior cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "lingula of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "lobule I of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis lingula" EXACT [] xref: ABA:LING xref: FMA:83884 xref: MA:0000998 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_932 xref: SCTID:77232000 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 ! cerebellum anterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004075 name: cerebellum vermis lobule II def: "." [MP:0009989] comment: central vs alar central? II and III? part_of CENT in ABA synonym: "central lobule" BROAD [MA:0000999] synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum" BROAD [] synonym: "lobule II" EXACT [ABA:CENT2] synonym: "lobule II of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "vermic lobule II" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081225] xref: ABA:CENT2 xref: MA:0000999 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081225 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0003021 {source="ABA"} ! central lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum anterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004076 name: cerebellum vermis lobule III def: "." [MP:0009990] comment: II or III? synonym: "central lobule" BROAD [MA:0001000] synonym: "central lobule of cerebellum" BROAD [] synonym: "lobule III" EXACT [ABA:CENT3] synonym: "lobule III of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] xref: ABA:CENT3 xref: MA:0001000 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081226 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0003021 {source="ABA"} ! central lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 ! cerebellum anterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004077 name: cerebellum vermis lobule IV def: "The culmen is the portion of the anterior vermis adjacent to the primary fissure of cerebellum. The culmen and the anterior parts of the quadrangular lobules form the lobus culminis[WP]." [MP:0009991, Wikipedia:Culmen_(cerebellum)] synonym: "culmen of cerebellum" BROAD [] synonym: "lobule IV of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis culmen" BROAD [FMA:83886] xref: ABA:CUL4 xref: MA:0001001 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081227 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0007763 {source="ABA"} ! cerebellum culmen property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003021 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004078 name: cerebellum vermis lobule IX def: "." [MP:0009992] synonym: "cerebellar posterior vermis lobule IX" EXACT [PMID:2022820] synonym: "lobule IX of cerebellar posterior vermis" EXACT [PMID:2022820] synonym: "lobule IX of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis uvula" EXACT [FMA:83883] synonym: "uvula (IX)" EXACT [ABA:UVU] synonym: "uvula [vermis]" EXACT [] synonym: "uvula of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83883] synonym: "uvula of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "vermic lobule IX" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081234] xref: ABA:UVU xref: FMA:83883 xref: MA:0001006 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081234 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004079 name: cerebellum vermis lobule V def: "." [MP:0009993] synonym: "culmen" BROAD [MA:0001002] synonym: "culmen of cerebellum" BROAD [] synonym: "lobule V" EXACT [ABA:CUL5] synonym: "lobule V of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis culmen" BROAD [FMA:83886] xref: ABA:CUL5 xref: MA:0001002 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081228 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0007763 {source="ABA"} ! cerebellum culmen [Term] id: UBERON:0004080 name: cerebellum vermis lobule VI alt_id: UBERON:0000909 alt_id: UBERON:Declive-MA_0001003 def: "." [MP:0009994] synonym: "declive" BROAD [MA:0001003] synonym: "declive (VI)" EXACT [ABA:DEC] synonym: "declive of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "declive of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "lobule VI of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis declive" EXACT [FMA:83887] synonym: "vermic lobule vi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081229] xref: ABA:DEC xref: FMA:83887 xref: MA:0001003 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081229 xref: SCTID:279385000 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004009 ! cerebellum posterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004081 name: cerebellum vermis lobule VII def: "The folium vermis is a short, narrow, concealed band at the posterior extremity of the vermis, consisting apparently of a single folium, but in reality marked on its upper and under surfaces by secondary fissures. Laterally, it expands in either hemisphere into a considerable lobule, the superior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris superior; postero-superior lobules), which occupies the posterior third of the upper surface of the hemisphere, and is bounded below by the horizontal sulcus. The superior semilunar lobules and the folium vermis form the lobus semilunaris." [MP:0009995, Wikipedia:Folium_(vermis)] comment: check MA, MP, FMA, folium? synonym: "folium" BROAD [MA:0001004] synonym: "folium lobule" NARROW [MP:0009995] synonym: "folium of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "folium of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "folium-tuber vermis (VII)" EXACT [ABA:FOTU] synonym: "lobule VII of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis folium" EXACT [FMA:83889] synonym: "vermic lobule VII" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081230] xref: ABA:FOTU xref: FMA:83889 xref: MA:0001004 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081230 xref: SCTID:369044003 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004009 ! cerebellum posterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004082 name: cerebellum vermis lobule VIII alt_id: UBERON:0002312 def: "." [MP:0009996] synonym: "cerebellum lobule VIII" EXACT [] synonym: "lobule VIII of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis pyramis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis pyramus" EXACT [] synonym: "pyramis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081233] synonym: "pyramis of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83888] synonym: "pyramus" BROAD [MA:0001005] synonym: "pyramus" RELATED [] synonym: "pyramus (VIII)" EXACT [ABA:PYR] synonym: "pyramus of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "pyramus of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83888] synonym: "vermic lobule VIII" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081233] xref: ABA:PYR xref: FMA:83888 xref: MA:0001005 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081233 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004009 ! cerebellum posterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0004083 name: cerebellum vermis lobule X def: "." [MP:0009997] synonym: "lobule X of cerebellum vermis" EXACT [] synonym: "neuraxis nodulus" EXACT [] synonym: "nodulus" BROAD [MA:0001007] synonym: "nodulus (X)" EXACT [ABA:NOD] synonym: "nodulus of cerebellum" EXACT [] synonym: "nodulus of vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [] xref: ABA:NOD xref: FMA:83882 xref: MA:0001007 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1165 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="MA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0004084 name: labium def: "the folds of skin which form the inner lips (labia minora) on both sides of the vaginal opening " [MP:0003520] synonym: "labia" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: EMAPA:30837 xref: galen:Labia xref: MA:0002464 xref: ncithesaurus:Labium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000997 {source="MA"} ! mammalian vulva [Term] id: UBERON:0004085 name: labium majora def: "The labia majora are two prominent longitudinal cutaneous folds which extend downward and backward from the mons pubis to the perineum and form the lateral boundaries of the cleft of venus, which contains the labia minora, interlabial sulci, clitoral hood, clitoral glans, frenulum clitoridis, the Hart's Line, and the vulval vestibule, which contains the external openings of the urethra and the vagina. Each labium majus has two surfaces, an outer, pigmented and covered with strong, crisp hairs; and an inner, smooth and beset with large sebaceous follicles. Between the two there is a considerable quantity of areolar tissue, fat, and a tissue resembling the dartos tunic of the scrotum, besides vessels, nerves, and glands. The Labia Majora are thicker in front, where they form by their meeting the anterior commisure of the labia majora. Posteriorly they are not really joined, but appear to become lost in the neighboring integument, ending close to — and nearly parallel with — each other. Together with the connecting skin between them, they form the posterior commisure of the labia majora or posterior boundary of the pudendum. The interval between the posterior commissure of the labia majora and the anus, from 2.5 to 3 cm. in length, constitutes the perineum. The labia majora correspond to the scrotum in the male. Between the labia majora and the inner thighs are the labiocrural folds. Between the labia majora and labia minora are the interlabial sulci. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Labia_majora] synonym: "labia majorum" EXACT [] synonym: "labium majora" EXACT [] synonym: "labium majorum" EXACT [MA:0002844] synonym: "labium majus" EXACT [] synonym: "labium majus pudendi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Labia_majora] xref: FMA:20367 xref: galen:LabiaMajora xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray1229.png xref: MA:0002844 xref: ncithesaurus:Labium_Majus xref: SCTID:362237001 is_a: UBERON:0004084 ! labium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011755 {notes="posterior labial commissure", source="Wikipedia"} ! female labial swelling [Term] id: UBERON:0004086 name: brain ventricle def: "one of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid" [] comment: Note that FMA draws the distinction between e.g. 'fourth ventricle' and 'cavity of fourth ventricle'. The former is a cavity, and part of the latter, which is a region. The superclass of 'fourth ventricle' is_a 'region of ventricular system of the brain'. We place this class here, although it is not equivalent to ventricles, as it includes ventricle bodies. synonym: "cerebral ventricle" EXACT [HP:0002118] synonym: "region of ventricular system of brain" EXACT [FMA:78447] xref: BTO:0001442 xref: EFO:0001914 xref: EV:0100306 xref: FMA:78447 xref: MA:0000818 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.276 xref: ncithesaurus:Ventricle_Brain xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1356 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvmTY65wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:180929003 is_a: UBERON:0005358 ! ventricle of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005282 ! ventricular system of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0004087 name: vena cava def: "The superior and inferior vena cava are collectively called the venae cavae. They are the veins that return deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart. They both empty into the right atrium. The inferior vena cava (or posterior vena cava in animals) travels up alongside the abdominal aorta with blood from the lower part of the body (see # 11 in the diagram). It is the largest vein in the body. The superior vena cava (or anterior vena cava in animals) is above the heart, and forms from a convergence of the left and right brachiocephalic veins that contain blood from the head and the arms (see # 3 in the diagram). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Venae_cavae] xref: AAO:0010215 xref: BTO:0001438 xref: EMAPA:18415 xref: GAID:547 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Relations_of_the_aorta\,_trachea\,_esophagus_and_other_heart_structures.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Heart_numlabels.png/200px-Heart_numlabels.png xref: MA:0000068 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.949 xref: ncithesaurus:Vena_Cava xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rkJQ4U6gEEdudWQACs5b6Bw xref: SCTID:244405007 is_a: UBERON:0003479 ! thoracic cavity vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0004088 name: ocular region def: "." [HP:0000284] comment: TODO: consider the following: eyeball (eye proper) part_of eye (= eyeball+eyelid etc) part_of ocular region (= eye + eyebrow); note the FMA class is more narrow though, and is more like eye + muscles + vasculature // in HP covers eyelid, eyebrow synonym: "content of orbital part of eye" EXACT [FMA:260119] synonym: "eye region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "orbital content" RELATED [FMA:260119] xref: FMA:260119 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0004089 name: midface def: "the middle of the face including the nose and its associated bony structures[MW]." [HP:0000309, http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/midface] comment: editors note: this class is currently a union of the snout (e.g. in mouse), the midface and the lower face. Note that in MA, snout includes the whole jaw and should thus be more alike the lower face than the midface, so its placement here is not strictly accurate. In future we might introduce specific classes for each of these, and include the full parthood relationships. if this is done, then care should be taken to preserve inferences such as an abnormality of the lower face being an abnormality of the midface. synonym: "lower face" RELATED [] synonym: "midface/lower face" RELATED [] synonym: "snout" RELATED SENSU [MA:0001910] xref: MA:0001910 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0004090 name: periorbital region def: "." [HP:0000606] comment: AO notes: does not contain any subparts in FMA. In HP covers eyelid, eyebrow, soft tissue synonym: "periorbita" EXACT [FMA:59351] synonym: "periorbital area" EXACT [MA:0002875] xref: FMA:59351 xref: MA:0002875 xref: SCTID:362646004 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: has_part UBERON:0002515 ! periosteum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: surrounds UBERON:0004867 ! orbital cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0004092 name: hypothalamus-pituitary axis def: "." [HP:0000864] is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0004095 name: corticospinal tract def: "The corticospinal or pyramidal tract is a collection of axons that travel between the cerebral cortex of the brain and the spinal cord. The corticospinal tract mostly contains motor axons. It actually consists of two separate tracts in the spinal cord: the lateral corticospinal tract and the medial corticospinal tract. An understanding of these tracts leads to an understanding of why for the most part, one side of the body is controlled by the opposite side of the brain. Also the corticobulbar tract is considered to be a pyramidal tract. The corticobulbar tract carries signals that control motor neurons located in cranial nerve brain nuclei rather than motor neurons located in the spinal cord. The neurons of the pyramidal tracts are pyramidal neurons, but that is not how the pyramidal tract got its name, as most of the pyramidal neurons send their axons elsewhere. Instead, it got its name from the shape of the corticospinal axon tracts: when the pyramidal tract passes the medulla, it forms a dense bundle of nerve fibres that is shaped somewhat like a pyramid. [WP,unvetted]." [HP:0002492, Wikipedia:Corticospinal_tract] synonym: "tractus corticospinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corticospinal_tract] xref: BM:CST xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Gray684.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gray684.png/200px-Gray684.png is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002707 ! pyramidal tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004096 name: odontoid process of cervical vertebra 2 alt_id: UBERON:0005210 def: "The toothlike process on the upper surface of the axis, which articulates with the atlas above[GAID]." [GAID:238, HP:0003310, Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Dens_(anatomy)] comment: TODO check AAO:0000721 odontoid_process -- Anterior process located between the atlantal cotyles that projects into the foramen magnum of the skull and bears facets that articulate with the lateral walls of the foramen synonym: "axis dens" EXACT [FMA:24043] synonym: "axis odontoid process" EXACT [MA:0002872] synonym: "cervical vertebra 2 odontoid process" EXACT [MA:0002872] synonym: "dens" EXACT [EMAPA:26535] synonym: "dens of axis" EXACT [FMA:24043] synonym: "odontoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Dens_(anatomy)] synonym: "odontoid process" EXACT [FMA:24043] synonym: "odontoid process of axis" EXACT [FMA:24043] xref: AAO:0000721 xref: EMAPA:26535 xref: FMA:24043 xref: GAID:238 xref: MA:0002872 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.834.151.383.668 xref: ncithesaurus:Odontoid_Process xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwIYGoJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:181899003 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0001093 ! second cervical vertebra property_value: external_definition "Anterior process located between the atlantal cotyles that projects into the foramen magnum of the skull and bears facets that articulate with the lateral walls of the foramen.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000721", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004097 name: obsolete renin-aldosterone axis def: "." [HP:0003350] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004098 name: tibial plateaux def: "." [HP:0003832] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0004099 name: joint space of elbow def: "Joint cavity shared by all the joints of the elbow. The elbow joint is a compound joint that actually comprises three separate joints: the joints connecting the upper and lower arm: 1) Articulatio humero-ulnaris and 2) Articulatio humero-radialis as well as the proximal joint connecting the forarm bones: 3) Articulatio radio-ulnaris proximalis. All three share a joint cavity which is highly sinuated/scalloped/coved. Joint spaces of the elbow summarizes the joint cavity shared by all three adjoining joints of the elbow joint." [HP:0003943] synonym: "synovial cavity of elbow joint" EXACT [FMA:38911] xref: FMA:38911 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint [Term] id: UBERON:0004100 name: renal collecting system def: "The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of a series of tubules and ducts that connect the nephrons to the ureter. It participates in electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion, processes regulated by the hormones aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone." [HP:0004742, Wikipedia:Collecting_duct_system] synonym: "collecting_duct_system" EXACT [Wikipedia:Collecting_duct_system] synonym: "tubulus renalis colligens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Collecting_duct_system] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0004101 name: nasolabial region def: "." [HP:0005289] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0004103 name: alveolar ridge def: "one of the two jaw ridges either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth[WP]. The alveolar ridges contain the sockets (alveoli) of the teeth[HP]." [HP:0006477, Wikipedia:Alveolar_ridge] comment: note that in BTO, this is part of an embryo synonym: "alveolar body" EXACT [MP:0004189] synonym: "alveolar bone" EXACT [MP:0004189] synonym: "alveolar margin" EXACT [] synonym: "alveolar process" EXACT [GAID:215] xref: BTO:0001383 xref: GAID:215 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.502.125 xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolar_Ridge xref: SCTID:245790000 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0008969 {source="PMID:19767574", source="Wikipedia"} ! dental follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001708 ! jaw skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0004104 name: hairline def: "." [HP:0009553] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0004105 name: subungual region def: "." [HP:0009723] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 ! nail [Term] id: UBERON:0004106 name: crus of ear def: "horizontal piece of cartilage located outside the ear canal that divides the upper and lower parts of the ear." [HP:0009895] synonym: "crus helicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61024, FMA:TA] synonym: "crus of helical part of auricular cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "crus of helix" EXACT [FMA:61024] xref: FMA:61024 xref: ncithesaurus:Crus_Helicis xref: SCTID:362547004 is_a: UBERON:0001867 ! cartilage of external ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0001848 ! auricular cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0004108 name: clivus of occipital bone def: "Part of the cranium, the clivus is a shallow depression behind the dorsum sellC& that slopes obliquely backward. It forms a gradual sloping process at the anterior most portion of the basilar occipital bone at its junction with the sphenoid bone. On axial planes, it sits just posterior to the sphenoid sinuses. Just lateral to the clivus bilaterally is the foramen lacerum which contains the internal carotid artery, proximal to its anastamosis with the Circle of Willis. Posterior to the clivus is the basilar artery. The clivus supports the upper part of the pons." [HP:0010558, Wikipedia:Clivus_%28anatomy%29] comment: The clivus is an important landmark for checking for anatomical atlanto-occipital alignment; the clivus, when viewed on a lateral C-spine X-ray, forms a line which, if extended, is known as Wackenheim's clivus line. Wackenheim's clivus line should pass through the dens of the axis or be tangential to it. Editor note: check relationships. synonym: "clivus" EXACT [HP:0010558] synonym: "occipital bone clivus" EXACT [FMA:75747] synonym: "Wackenheim's clivus line" RELATED [Wikipedia:Clivus_%28anatomy%29] xref: FMA:75747 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Clivus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Clivus xref: SCTID:361736007 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="FMA"} ! zone of bone organ relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001677 {source="Wikipedia"} ! sphenoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001676 {source="FMA"} ! occipital bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0008788 {source="HP:0010558"} ! posterior cranial fossa [Term] id: UBERON:0004109 name: cortex of humerus def: "." [HP:0010629] synonym: "compact bone of humerus" EXACT [FMA:31542] synonym: "cortex of the humerus" EXACT [] synonym: "humerus compact bone" EXACT [] synonym: "humerus cortical bone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:31542 is_a: UBERON:0001439 ! compact bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004269 ! upper arm connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0005808 ! bone tissue of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 intersection_of: UBERON:0001439 ! compact bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0004110 name: midnasal cavity def: "includes the cavity between the nares and the choanae." [HP:0010641] is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004771 ! posterior nasal aperture relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005928 ! external naris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0004111 name: anatomical conduit def: "any opening in the body." [Wikipedia:Foramen] comment: note that FMA has both conduit and conduit space. In EHDAA2 this is a surface feature synonym: "foramen" NARROW [EHDAA2:0003080] synonym: "foramina" NARROW PLURAL [UBERON:cjm] xref: AEO:0000080 xref: EHDAA2:0003080 xref: FMA:242873 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0004112 name: muscle of middle ear def: "A muscle of head that is part of a tympanic cavity [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: check tympanic cavity vs middle ear. the same for muscles? synonym: "muscle of tympanic cavity" EXACT [] synonym: "tympanic cavity muscle" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000256 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0004114 intersection_of: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0004113 name: muscle of auditory ossicle synonym: "auditory ossicles muscle" EXACT [FMA:49026] synonym: "muscle of auditory ossicles" EXACT [FMA:49026] synonym: "ossicular muscle" EXACT [FMA:49026] xref: FMA:49026 xref: SCTID:244778009 is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001686 intersection_of: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle [Term] id: UBERON:0004114 name: tympanic cavity def: "small cavity surrounding the bones of the middle ear." [Wikipedia:Tympanic_cavity] synonym: "anatomical cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavitas tympani" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tympanic_cavity] synonym: "cavitas tympani" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tympanic_cavity] synonym: "cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tympanum" RELATED [BTO:0002098] xref: BTO:0002098 xref: EHDAA2:0004119 xref: EV:0100358 xref: FMA:56461 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Gray923.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gray923.png/200px-Gray923.png xref: SCTID:362551002 is_a: UBERON:0002553 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cavity is_a: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen is_a: UBERON:0010064 {source="EHDAA2"} ! open anatomical space relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0005625 {source="EHDAA2"} ! tubotympanic recess relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0010063 ! tympanic cavity epithelium relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle [Term] id: UBERON:0004115 name: blood vessel of tympanic cavity def: "A blood vessel that is part of a tympanic cavity [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical cavity of middle ear blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of anatomical cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of middle ear anatomical cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of middle ear cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of middle ear blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear anatomical cavity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear blood vessel" EXACT [] synonym: "middle ear cavity blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tympanic cavity blood vessel" EXACT [] xref: MA:0001219 is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004114 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0004116 name: nerve of tympanic cavity def: "A nerve that is part of a tympanic cavity [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical cavity of middle ear nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of middle ear nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear anatomical cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear cavity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve blood vessel" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve of anatomical cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of cavity of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle ear anatomical cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle ear cavity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tympanic cavity nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "tympanic cavity nerves" EXACT [MA:0001222] xref: MA:0001222 is_a: UBERON:0011779 ! nerve of head region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004114 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0004114 ! tympanic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0004117 name: pharyngeal pouch def: "embryonic structure that forms on the endodermal side between the pharyngeal arches, and pharyngeal grooves (or clefts) form the lateral ectodermal surface of the neck region to separate the arches. The pouches line up with the clefts, and these thin segments become gills in fish[WP]. Outpocketings of pharyngeal endoderm that interdigitate with the neural crest derived pharyngeal arches. The pouches later fuse with the surface ectoderm to form the gill slits[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)] comment: AO notes: VHOG and EMAPAA distinguish between pouch endoderm and pouch but we merge those here. Editor notes: consider adding location (precursor) - i.e. internal (endodermal) // The pouches are polarized structures. For example, whereas the rostral half of each pouch expresses Bmp-7, the caudal half expresses FGF-8 and the dorsal aspect of each pouch is marked via its expression of Pax-1. each pouch has an individual sense of identity. Shh expression is a prominent early feature of the caudal endoderm of the second arch, and individual pouches mark the anterior limits of expression of Hox genes within the pharyngeal endoderm; Hox-a2 has a rostral boundary at the second pouch, Hox-a3 at the third pouch and Hox-a4 at the most caudal pouch[PMID:16313389] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "branchial pouch" EXACT [Wikipedia:Branchial_pouch] synonym: "pharyngeal pouches" RELATED [VHOG:0001203] synonym: "visceral pouch" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "visceral pouches" RELATED [VHOG:0001203] xref: AAO:0011113 xref: EFO:0003627 xref: EHDAA:1086 xref: EHDAA:1669 xref: EHDAA:579 xref: EHDAA:617 xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Pouch xref: SCTID:34674002 xref: TAO:0001106 xref: VHOG:0001203 xref: XAO:0000282 xref: ZFA:0001106 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 {source="EHDAA2", source="ZFA"} ! early pharyngeal endoderm relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system property_value: external_definition "Outpocketings of pharyngeal endoderm that interdigitate with the neural crest derived pharyngeal arches. The pouches later fuse with the surface ectoderm to form the gill slits. Crump et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001106", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001203", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M, Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004118 name: vasculature of iris def: "A vasculature that is part of a iris [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "iris blood vessels" EXACT [ZFA:0005568] synonym: "iris vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "iris vasculature" EXACT [] synonym: "vascular network of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: ZFA:0005568 is_a: UBERON:0002203 ! vasculature of eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris [Term] id: UBERON:0004119 name: endoderm-derived structure def: "An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the endoderm." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Grouping term for query purposes subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004120 name: mesoderm-derived structure def: "An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the mesoderm." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Grouping term for query purposes subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004121 name: ectoderm-derived structure def: "An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the ectoderm." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Grouping term for query purposes subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004122 name: genitourinary system synonym: "genitourinary tract" RELATED [] synonym: "GU tract" RELATED [] synonym: "urogenital system" EXACT [] synonym: "urogenital tract" RELATED [BTO:0003091] synonym: "Urogenitalsystem" RELATED [BTO:0003091] xref: AAO:0000624 xref: BILA:0000122 xref: BTO:0003091 xref: EFO:0003864 xref: EHDAA:1013 xref: EMAPA:16367 xref: EV:0100094 xref: GAID:362 xref: galen:GenitoUrinarySystem xref: MESH:A.05 xref: ncithesaurus:Genitourinary_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rQRpVMgAKEdyHxgDggVfs8g xref: SCTID:278861008 xref: VHOG:0000286 xref: XAO:0000140 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0000990 relationship: has_part UBERON:0001008 intersection_of: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 {source="AAO"} ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: has_part UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system relationship: has_part UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: differentiates_from intermediate mesoderm (AAO:0010575) CHANGED TO: develops_from intermediate mesoderm (UBERON:0003064)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000624", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000624", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "Kidneys and gonads (of vertebrates) develop from adjacent tissues, and after the excretory or urinary ducts have developed, the reproductive system usually taps into them or their derivatives.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000286", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.633", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004123 name: myocardial layer synonym: "layer of myocardium" EXACT [] synonym: "myocardium layer" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000080 is_a: UBERON:0005983 ! heart layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 intersection_of: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium [Term] id: UBERON:0004124 name: myocardium trabecular layer def: "The layer of the myocardium composed of projections of contractile myocytes. The trabecular layer is bounded internally by the endocardium. In zebrafish, unlike the trabeculations of higher vertebrates, both atrial and ventricular trabeculae have more strut-like character, and are more uniform without apparent regional differences[ZFA]." [ZFA:0005059] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "myocardial trabecular layer" EXACT [] synonym: "trabeculae" RELATED [TAO:0005059] synonym: "trabecular layer" EXACT [ZFA:0005059] xref: EFO:0003706 xref: MA:0002866 xref: TAO:0005059 xref: ZFA:0005059 is_a: UBERON:0004123 ! myocardial layer property_value: external_definition "The layer of the myocardium composed of projections of contractile myocytes. The trabecular layer is bounded internally by the the endocardium. Unlike the trabeculations of higher vertebrates, both atrial and ventricular trabeculae of the zebrafish have more strut-like character, and are more uniform without apparent regional differences Hu et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005059", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004125 name: myocardial compact layer def: " outer dense layer of the myocardium uniting the epicardium and myocardium[MP]." [MP:0004056] synonym: "myocardium compact layer" EXACT [MA:0002865] xref: MA:0002865 is_a: UBERON:0004123 ! myocardial layer [Term] id: UBERON:0004126 name: trabecular layer of ventricle comment: todo - check FMA subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "myocardium of region of ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83511] synonym: "trabecular cardiac ventricle muscle" EXACT [GO:0003222] synonym: "ventricular trabecular myocardium" EXACT [GO:0003222] xref: FMA:83511 xref: TAO:0005060 xref: ZFA:0005060 is_a: UBERON:0004124 ! myocardium trabecular layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 intersection_of: UBERON:0004124 ! myocardium trabecular layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004127 name: compact layer of ventricle def: "The outer layer the ventricular myocardium, muscle fibers are arranged in a compact form and involved the entire ventricle." [ZFA:0005062] synonym: "compact cardiac ventricle muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "ventricle myocardium compact zone" EXACT [MP:0010556] synonym: "ventricular compact myocardium" EXACT [] synonym: "ventricular myocardial compact layer" EXACT [MP:0010556] synonym: "ventricular myocardial compact zone" EXACT [MP:0010556] xref: TAO:0005062 xref: ZFA:0005062 is_a: UBERON:0004125 ! myocardial compact layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 intersection_of: UBERON:0004125 ! myocardial compact layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001083 {source="ZFA"} ! myocardium of ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle property_value: external_definition "The outer layer the ventricular myocardium, muscle fibers are arranged in a compact form and involved the entire ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005062", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004128 name: optic vesicle def: "The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup[GO]. Portion of tissue that is comprised of neuroepitheium which has pinched off from the anterior neural keel and will form the optic cup[ZFA]." [GO:0003404, Wikipedia:Optic_vesicles] comment: Genes: Six3, Pax6, Rx1 are expressed together in the tip of the neural plate [ISBN:9780878932504 "Developmental Biology"]. Development notes: During subsequent develop- ment, the optic vesicle invaginates and becomes a two-layered structure with an inner neural retina and outer retinal pigment epithelium. As soon as the developing optic vesicle makes contact with the overlying ectoderm, it induces the ectoderm to thicken and form the lens placode PMID:16496288 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "evagination" RELATED [] synonym: "ocular vesicle" RELATED [VHOG:0000165] xref: AAO:0011039 xref: EHDAA2:0001320 xref: EMAPA:16540 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Gray863.png/200px-Gray863.png xref: ncithesaurus:Optic_Vesicle xref: SCTID:362864008 xref: TAO:0000050 xref: VHOG:0000165 xref: XAO:0000228 xref: ZFA:0000050 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003071 {source="ZFA"} ! eye primordium relationship: induced_by UBERON:0004880 ! chordamesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010312 {source="ZFA"} ! immature eye property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000165", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004129 name: growth plate cartilage def: "cartilage that will provide a scaffold for mineralization of endochondral bones as they elongate or grow." [GO:0003417] synonym: "growth plate" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004130 name: cerebellar layer synonym: "cell layer of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "gray matter layer of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:83141] synonym: "layer of cerebellar cortex" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83141 xref: MA:0000201 xref: ncithesaurus:Cortical_Cell_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum xref: SCTID:360478008 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004132 name: trigeminal sensory nucleus def: "The sensory trigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla. The nucleus is divided into three parts, from rostral to caudal (top to bottom in humans): * The mesencephalic nucleus * The chief sensory nucleus (or pontine nucleus or main sensory nucleus or primary nucleus) * The spinal trigeminal nucleus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nuclei] comment: TODO: check ZFA link. note this is part of medulla in ZFA, but we do not include this link here as it leads to inconsistencies subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "sensory trigeminal nuclei" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000433] synonym: "sensory trigeminal nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000433] synonym: "sensory trigeminal V nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "trigeminal sensory nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021730] synonym: "trigeminal V sensory nucleus" EXACT [MA:0001030] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001030 xref: SCTID:280170001 xref: TAO:0000433 xref: VHOG:0001356 xref: ZFA:0000433 is_a: UBERON:0000126 {source="FMA"} ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002925 ! trigeminal nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002925 {source="MA"} ! trigeminal nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0004133 name: salivatory nucleus def: "." [GO:0021751] synonym: "salivary nucleus" EXACT [GO:0021751] is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 ! pons [Term] id: UBERON:0004134 name: proximal tubule def: "In mammals, the proximal tubule is a nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle. It has a brush border epithelial morphology[GO]." [GO:0072014] comment: todo - ensure definition works across species. synonym: "kidney proximal tubule" EXACT [MA:0002611] synonym: "proximal kidney tubule" EXACT [MESH:A.05.810.453.736.560.570] synonym: "renal proximal tubule" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001498 xref: EMAPA:28281 xref: MA:0002611 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.736.560.570 is_a: UBERON:0006853 ! renal cortex tubule relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001230 {source="GO"} ! glomerular capsule relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001289 {source="GO"} ! descending limb of loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 {notes="checkme"} ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 {source="multiple"} ! nephron tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0004135 name: distal tubule def: "The distal tubule is a nephron tubule that consists of the convoluted and straight distal tubule segments" [GO:0072017] synonym: "kidney distal tubule" EXACT [MA:0002633] synonym: "renal distal tubule" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000482 xref: EMAPA:28387 xref: MA:0002633 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.736.560.540 is_a: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0004136 name: intermediate tubule def: "The intermediate tubule is a nephron tubule that lies between the proximal and distal tubules" [GO:0072018] comment: todo - check for applicability across species synonym: "renal intermediate tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "tubulus attenuatus" EXACT [FMA:17718] xref: FMA:17718 is_a: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001288 {source="FMA"} ! loop of Henle [Term] id: UBERON:0004138 name: somitomeric trunk muscle def: "The somitomeric trunk muscle is derived from somitomeric mesoderm. The muscle begins its development with the differentiation of the muscle cells and ends with the mature muscle. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.[GO]." [GO:0002075] comment: TODO - find N+S conditions. SMT & develops_from somite is not specific enough (all SMT develops_from somite) is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002329 ! somite [Term] id: UBERON:0004139 name: cardiogenic plate def: "The first recognizable structure derived from the heart field" [GO:0003142] comment: TODO - check plate vs rudiment vs primordium vs endocardial tube. See XAO synonym: "cardiogenic crescent" RELATED [GO:0003142] synonym: "heart rudiment" RELATED [] synonym: "myocardial plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000215] xref: EHDAA2:0000215 xref: EMAPA:16106 xref: VHOG:0000975 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003084 ! heart primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: homology_notes " (In vertebrates) The embryonic mesoderm is the source of both the cardiogenic plate, giving rise to the future myocardium as well as the endocardium that will line the system on the inner side.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000975", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:15611355 Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Bartelings MM, Deruiter MC, Poelmann RE, Basics of cardiac development for the understanding of congenital heart malformations. Pediatric Research (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004140 name: heart field def: "a specific region of the lateral mesoderm in which the heart will develop." [GO:0003128] comment: note that this term denotes the primary heart field; GO:0003128 denotes the superclass of primary and secondary: specific region of the lateral mesoderm into the area which will form the primary beating heart tube[GO:0003138] synonym: "primary heart field" EXACT [PMID:17276708, XAO:0004185] xref: XAO:0004185 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 {source="GO:0003128"} ! lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004141 name: heart tube def: "Cavitated compound organ that will become the adult heart following looping morphogenesis and valve formation[ZFA]." [GO:0003143, ZFA:0000360] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "early primitive heart tube" EXACT [EMAPA:16208] synonym: "embryonic heart tube" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010411 xref: EFO:0003526 xref: EHDAA:424 xref: EMAPA:16208 xref: TAO:0000360 xref: XAO:0000337 xref: ZFA:0000360 is_a: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005498 {source="ZFA"} ! primitive heart tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004142 name: outflow tract septum def: "The outflow tract septum is a partition in the outflow tract" [GO:0003148] is_a: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 intersection_of: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004143 name: membranous septum def: "The membranous septum is the upper part of ventricular septum." [GO:0003149] is_a: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004144 name: muscular septum def: "The muscular septum is the lower part of the ventricular septum" [GO:0003150] is_a: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004145 name: outflow tract def: "The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries" [GO:0003151] synonym: "cardiac outflow tract" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001351 xref: EHDAA:464 xref: EHDAA:798 xref: EMAPA:16229 xref: EMAPA:16346 xref: MA:0000100 xref: VHOG:0000670 xref: XAO:0004139 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0004146 name: His-Purkinje system def: "The His-Purkinje system receives signals from the AV node and is composed of the fibers that regulate cardiac muscle contraction in the ventricles" [GO:0003164] synonym: "distal conduction system" EXACT [ZFA:0005071] synonym: "His-Purkinji network" EXACT [ZFA:0005071] synonym: "HPS" EXACT [ZFA:0005071] xref: TAO:0005071 xref: ZFA:0005071 is_a: UBERON:0002350 ! conducting system of heart [Term] id: UBERON:0004147 name: cardiac Purkinje fiber def: "The cardiac Purkinje fiber is part of the cardiac conduction system that receives signals from the bundle of His and innervates the ventricular cardiac muscle" [GO:0003165] synonym: "heart Purkinje fiber" RELATED [BTO:0001735] xref: BTO:0001735 xref: MESH:A.07.541.409.683 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004146 ! His-Purkinje system [Term] id: UBERON:0004148 name: coronary vein def: "Vein of heart" [GOC:Obol] synonym: "cardiac vein" EXACT [FMA:12846] synonym: "heart vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004507 xref: FMA:12846 xref: galen:CoronaryVein xref: ncithesaurus:Coronary_Vein xref: SCTID:277726009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003498 ! heart blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0004149 name: ventriculo bulbo valve def: "A heart valve located between the ventricle and bulbus arteriosus." [GO:0003173] synonym: "bulboventricular valve" EXACT [ZFA:0001375] xref: TAO:0001375 xref: ZFA:0001375 is_a: UBERON:0000946 ! cardial valve relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 {source="ZFA"} ! endocardial cushion [Term] id: UBERON:0004150 name: coronary sinus valve def: "Vestigial cardiac valve which is continuous with the valve of the inferior vena cava[FMA]." [GO:0003178] comment: todo - development synonym: "thebesian valve" EXACT [] synonym: "thebesius valve" EXACT [] synonym: "valve of coronary sinus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:9242 xref: SCTID:277723001 is_a: UBERON:0000946 ! cardial valve [Term] id: UBERON:0004151 name: cardiac chamber def: "A cardiac chamber surrounds an enclosed cavity within the heart" [GO:0003205] comment: generic enough to cover FBbt:00003156 heart chamber but this is a cavity. GO defines it as the cavity. TODO - move subclasses. Note this also includes sinus venosus synonym: "chamber of heart" EXACT [] synonym: "heart chamber" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7095 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rmexpjPdAEduAAAAOpmP6tw xref: SCTID:276456008 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0004152 name: bulbus arteriosus def: "The bulbus arteriosus is an elastic heart chamber[GO]. Multi-tissue structure that consists of three layers and through which the blood exits the heart. The bulbus arteriosus is a pear shaped chamber that functions as a capacitor, maintaining continuous blood flow into the gill arches[ZFA]." [GO:0003232, PMID:15108157] comment: Evolution notes: replaces conus arteriosis in cartilaginous fish synonym: "truncus" EXACT [ZFA:0000173] xref: EFO:0003505 xref: TAO:0000173 xref: ZFA:0000173 is_a: UBERON:0004151 ! cardiac chamber relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007287 {evidence="definitional"} ! presumptive bulbus arteriosus property_value: external_definition "A pear shaped chamber that functions as a capacitor, maintaining continuous blood flow into the gill arches. The bulbus arteriosus has three distinct layers. Hu et al. 2000.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000173", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004153 name: ventricular septum intermedium def: "Endocardial cushions project into the atrial canal, and, meeting in the middle line, unite to form the septum intermedium which divides the canal into two channels, the future right and left atrioventricular orifices[Gray's via WP]." [GO:0003282, Wikipedia:Septum_intermedium] synonym: "septum intermedium" EXACT [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray467.png xref: SCTID:361468003 is_a: UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 {source="Wikipedia"} ! endocardial cushion [Term] id: UBERON:0004154 name: septum primum def: "In the developing heart, the cavity of the primitive atrium becomes subdivided into right and left chambers by a septum, the septum primum, which grows downward into the cavity. The increasingly smaller gap below it (before it fuses with the endocardial cushion) is known as the ostium primum. The septum primum eventually fuses with the endocardial cushion, closing the ostium primum off completely. Meanwhile, perforations appear in the superior part of the septum primum, forming the ostium secundum. This will eventually form part of the fossa ovalis.." [GO:0003284, Wikipedia:Septum_primum] comment: AO notes: part_of IAS in EHDAA2 synonym: "interatrial septum primum" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001825] xref: EHDAA2:0001825 xref: EHDAA:1900 xref: EMAPA:17013 xref: FMA:63909 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Gray465.png xref: ncithesaurus:Septum_Primum xref: SCTID:362017007 xref: VHOG:0000020 is_a: UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum property_value: external_definition "The first of the two membranous sheets which partially separate the two atria during embryonic development. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000020", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/interatrial+septum+primum"} property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000020", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004155 name: septum secundum def: "." [GO:0003285, Wikipedia:Septum_secondum] comment: The septum secundum, semilunar in shape, grows downward from the upper wall of the atrium immediately to the right of the primary septum and ostium secundum. Shortly after birth it fuses with the septum primum, and consequently the foramen ovale is closed, but sometimes the fusion is incomplete and the upper part of the foramen remains patent. The limbus fossae ovalis denotes the free margin of the septum secundum. synonym: "interatrial septum secundum" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001827] xref: EHDAA2:0001827 xref: EHDAA:3406 xref: EMAPA:17864 xref: FMA:63910 xref: ncithesaurus:Septum_Secundum xref: SCTID:308850005 xref: VHOG:0000021 is_a: UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum property_value: external_definition "The second of the two membranous sheets which partially separate the two atria during embryonic development. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000021", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/interatrial+septum+secundum"} property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000021", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004157 name: atrial septum primum def: "." [GO:0003289] is_a: UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004158 name: atrial septum secundum def: "." [GO:0003290] is_a: UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004159 name: atrial septum intermedium def: "." [GO:0003291] is_a: UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004160 name: proepicardium def: "An outpouching of the septum transversum[GO]. An embryonic group of progenitor cells that forms near the venous pole of the heart and gives rise to the epicardium[Wiktionary]" [GO:0003342, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/proepicardium] is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0004161 ! septum transversum [Term] id: UBERON:0004161 name: septum transversum def: "A thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions. It gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm[OG]. The septum transversum is a portion of the trunk mesenchyme[GO]." [GO:0003343, VHOG:0000019, Wikipedia:Septum_transversum] synonym: "transverse septum" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EHDAA2:0001829 xref: EHDAA:736 xref: EMAPA:16318 xref: ncithesaurus:Septum_Transversum xref: SCTID:308819008 xref: VHOG:0000019 is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk property_value: external_definition "A thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions. It gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000019", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/transverse+septum"} property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart (of other tetrapods) is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes) Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000019", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.205-206", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004162 name: pulmonary myocardium def: "The pulmonary myocardium is the myocardial tissue present in the pulmonary vein" [GO:0003350] is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002036 ! striated muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002016 ! pulmonary vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium [Term] id: UBERON:0004163 name: anterior ectodermal midgut def: "portions of the midgut that are derived from ectoderm." [GO:0007441] is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004164 name: branchiomeric muscle def: "The branchiomeric muscle is derived from cranial mesoderm and controls facial expression, pharyngeal and laryngeal function, operating the jaw. Branchiomeric muscles of mammals correspond to the gill musculature of fish[GO]." [GO:0014707, Wikipedia:Branchiomeric_musculature] comment: Note: Kardong uses this term in a different way, including trapezius and mastoid groups synonym: "branchiomeric skeletal muscle" RELATED [GO:0014707] is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010360 {source="PMID:21610022"} ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0004166 name: superior reticular formation def: "." [GO:0021729, GO_REF:0000021] comment: check ZFA structures superior reticular formation medial column & tegmentum is_a: UBERON:0002559 ! medullary reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0002579 ! regional part of medullary reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 {source="GO"} ! medullary reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0004167 name: orbitofrontal cortex def: "the region of the cerebral cortex covering the basal surface of the frontal lobes; this region normally controls emotion and decision making" [GO:0021769, MGI:csmith, MP:0004170] comment: note that this is a gyrus in FMA synonym: "fronto-orbital cortex" EXACT [] synonym: "orbital frontal cortex" EXACT [DHB:OFC, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1049] synonym: "orbito-frontal cortex" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0001990 xref: FMA:242003 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1049 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000349 {source="MP"} ! limbic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 {source="GO", source="MP"} ! frontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004170 name: spinal cord ventral commissure def: "the band of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord ventral to the central canal and posterior grey commissure[MP]. The anterior (or ventral) white commissure, also known as the alba anterior medullae spinalis, is a bundle of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord just anterior to the gray commissure. A N4 fibers and C fibers carrying pain sensation in the spinothalamic tract contribute to this commissure, as do fibers of the anterior corticospinal tract, which carry motor signals from the primary motor cortex[WP]." [GO:0021965, MP:0009695, Wikipedia:Anterior_white_commissure] synonym: "anterior commissure" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MP:0009695] synonym: "anterior white commissure" EXACT [MP:0009695] synonym: "anterior white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77035] synonym: "commissura alba anterior medullae spinalis, alba anterior medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_white_commissure] synonym: "spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [MP:0009695] synonym: "ventral spinal commissure" EXACT [MP:0009695] synonym: "ventral white column" EXACT [MP:0009695] synonym: "ventral white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77035] synonym: "white commissure" RELATED [MP:0009695] xref: FMA:77035 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray664.png xref: ncithesaurus:White_Commissure xref: SCTID:424149007 is_a: UBERON:0007838 {source="FMA"} ! spinal cord white commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0004171 name: trigeminothalamic tract def: "the trigeminothalamic tract is one of the major routes of nociceptive and temperature signaling from the face" [GO:0021974] xref: FMA:83852 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004172 name: pons reticulospinal tract def: "axon tract that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the pons towards target cells in the spinal cord." [GO:0021975] xref: SCTID:362404001 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004173 name: medulla reticulospinal tract def: "axon tract that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the medulla towards target cells in the spinal cord[GO]." [GO:0021976] synonym: "medullary reticulospinal tract" EXACT [FMA:73989] xref: FMA:73989 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004174 name: leg joint def: "Joint in the leg. For example the knee, which separates the leg tibia and femur" [GO:0035111] synonym: "joint of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of lower limb" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0003840 ! hindlimb joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0004175 name: internal reproductive organ def: "The internal genitalia are the internal sex organs such as the uterine tube, the uterus and the vagina in female mammals, and the testis, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and prostate in male mammals" [GO:0035260] subset: organ_slim synonym: "internal genitalia" EXACT [] synonym: "internal reproductive organ" EXACT [] synonym: "internal sex organ" EXACT [] xref: FMA:45652 is_a: UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0004176 name: external reproductive organ def: "The external genitalia are the outer sex organs, such as the penis or vulva in mammals" [GO:0035261] subset: organ_slim synonym: "external genitalia" EXACT [] synonym: "external reproductive organ" EXACT [] synonym: "external sex organ" EXACT [] xref: FMA:45643 xref: SCTID:362207005 is_a: UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0004177 name: hemopoietic organ def: "Organ that is part of the hematopoietic system." [GOC:Obol] comment: note that the FMA class 'lymphoid organ' is a general anatomical term subset: organ_slim synonym: "haematological system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "haemopoietic system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hematopoeitic or lymphoid organ" NARROW [] synonym: "hematopoietic system organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphoid organ" NARROW [BTO:0004605, FMA:7143] synonym: "organ of haematological system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of haemopoietic system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of hematopoietic system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ of organa haemopoietica" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organa haemopoietica organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004605 xref: FMA:7143 xref: SCTID:361338006 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system [Term] id: UBERON:0004178 name: aorta smooth muscle tissue def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an aorta [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult aorta involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult aorta non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult aorta smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult aorta smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "aorta involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "aorta non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "aorta smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "aortic smooth muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001685] synonym: "dorsal aorta involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal aorta non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal aorta smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "dorsal aorta smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of dorsal aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001685 xref: EFO:0002775 xref: MA:0000702 xref: ncithesaurus:Aorta_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0002111 ! artery smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0004179 name: prostate glandular acinus def: "A saclike structure of the prostate gland, comprised of at least three cell layers: an innermost layer of secretory columnar luminal epithelium, a middle layer of squamous basal epithelium that also contains neuroendocrine cells, transit amplifying cells, and stem cells, and an outer layer of smooth muscle intermixed with other stromal cells" [GO:0060525, PMID:18977204] comment: Concurrent with branching morphogenesis, the solid cords of epithelium formed by budding arborize and differentiate postnatally into glandular acin. The basic prostate architecture is established by puberty and acquires secretory function thereafter[PMID:18977204] synonym: "prostatic acinus" EXACT [FMA:66808] synonym: "prostatic follicle" EXACT [FMA:66808] xref: FMA:66808 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0009842 {source="FMA"} ! acinus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009843 {source="PMID:18977204"} ! prostate epithelial cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0000428 {source="GO"} ! prostate epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004180 name: mammary gland fat def: "The mammary fat is an adipose structure in the gland that is invaded by the mammary ducts" [GO:0060611] synonym: "adipose tissue of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adipose tissue of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fat tissue of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fat tissue of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fat tissue of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fat tissue of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fatty tissue of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fatty tissue of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fatty tissue of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fatty tissue of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland adipose tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland fat tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland fatty tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast adipose tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast fat tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast fatty tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland adipose tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland fat tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland fatty tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland adipose tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland fat tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland fatty tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002911 is_a: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue is_a: UBERON:0003584 ! mammary gland connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004182 name: mammary gland cord def: "Mammary gland cords form when the mammary gland bud invades the mammary fat" [GO:0060652] comment: TODO - mammary placode is_a: UBERON:0003244 ! epithelium of mammary gland is_a: UBERON:0005154 ! epithelial cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0001765 intersection_of: UBERON:0005154 ! epithelial cord intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001765 ! mammary duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001765 ! mammary duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004183 name: labyrinthine layer blood vessel def: "The embryonic vessels grow through the layer to come in close contact with the maternal blood supply" [GO:0060716] synonym: "blood vessel of labyrinthine layer" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of labyrinthine layer of placenta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of placenta labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "labyrinthine layer of placenta blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "placenta labyrinth blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010303 ! extraembryonic epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003946 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003946 ! placenta labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0003946 ! placenta labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0004184 name: prostate gland stroma alt_id: UBERON:0005084 def: "The prostate gland stroma is made up of the mesenchymal or fibroblast cells of the prostate gland" [GO:0060741] comment: TODO - check also FMA Stroma of glandular part of prostate synonym: "prostate stroma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic stroma" EXACT [FMA:45719] synonym: "stroma of glandular part of prostate" NARROW [FMA:74349, OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stroma of prostate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stroma of prostate gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:45719 xref: MA:0002912 xref: ncithesaurus:Prostatic_Stroma is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 intersection_of: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004185 name: endodermal gut def: "A portions of the gut that is derived from endoderm." [GO:0061031] is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004186 name: olfactory bulb mitral cell layer def: "The mitral cell layer is composed of pyramidal neurons whose cell bodies are located between the granule cell layer and the plexiform layer" [GO:0061034] comment: note that NIF divides this into main and accessory synonym: "mitral cell body layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100201] synonym: "mitral cell layer" EXACT [BTO:0001108] synonym: "olfactory bulb main mitral cell body layer" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100201] xref: BTO:0001108 xref: MA:0000973 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100201 is_a: UBERON:0004001 ! olfactory bulb layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0004187 name: Harderian gland def: "The Harderian gland is an anterior orbital structure usually associated with the nictitating membrane, and produces and secretes a variety of substances to the eye, depending upon the species[GO]. An accessory lacrimal gland on the inner side of the orbit in reptiles and birds but usually degenerate in mammals[BTO]." [GO:0070384] subset: organ_slim synonym: "Harder's gland" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000557 xref: EMAPA:19153 xref: GAID:1219 xref: MA:0001247 xref: MESH:A.13.445 xref: ncithesaurus:Harderian_Gland xref: SCTID:41474005 is_a: UBERON:0003484 ! eye sebaceous gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0004188 name: glomerular epithelium def: "The glomerular epithelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the outer surfaces of the glomerulus. The glomerular epithelium consists of both parietal and visceral epithelium. Metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros." [GO:0072010] comment: TODO - check - GO says outer, BTO says inner. Make this a superclass synonym: "epithelium of glomerulus" EXACT [] synonym: "epithelium of kidney glomerulus" EXACT [] synonym: "epithelium of renal glomerulus" EXACT [] synonym: "glomerular epithelial cell" RELATED [BTO:0001515] synonym: "kidney glomerular epithelium" EXACT [MA:0002847] xref: BTO:0001515 xref: MA:0002847 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004211 ! nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus [Term] id: UBERON:0004189 name: glomerular endothelium def: "The glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus" [GO:0072011] synonym: "endothelium of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal glomerulus endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004631 is_a: UBERON:0004188 ! glomerular epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004852 ! cardiovascular system endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004190 ! glomerulus vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0004190 name: glomerulus vasculature def: "The glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the glomerulus" [GO:0072012] synonym: "renal glomerulus vascular network" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal glomerulus vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vascular network of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasculature of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006544 ! kidney vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus [Term] id: UBERON:0004193 name: loop of Henle ascending limb thin segment def: "A sub-portion of the loop of Henle in the nephron of the kidney that is permeable to ions but not to water" [GO:0072021, Wikipedia:Thin_ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] comment: check relationship to distal tubule synonym: "ascending limb thin segment of loop of Henle" EXACT [] synonym: "ascending thin limb" EXACT [FMA:17720] synonym: "pars ascendens (tubulus attenuatus)" EXACT [FMA:17720] synonym: "thin ascending limb" EXACT [EMAPA:28328] synonym: "thin ascending limb of loop of Henle" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:28328 xref: EMAPA:28361 xref: FMA:17720 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png xref: MA:0001678 is_a: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0008408 ! distal tubular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003455 ! inner renal medulla loop of henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005164 ! ascending limb of loop of Henle [Term] id: UBERON:0004194 name: long nephron def: "Long nephrons are associated with juxtamedullary glomeruli and extend to the inner medulla" [GO:0072029] synonym: "juxtamedullary nephron" RELATED [GO:0072029, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3031362&group_id=36855&atid=440764] xref: ncithesaurus:Juxtamedullary_Nephron is_a: UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0004195 name: short nephron def: "Short nephrons are associated with mid-cortical glomeruli, and have no short ascending limb, so the limb is situated in the outer medulla" [GO:0072030] is_a: UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0004196 name: proximal convoluted tubule segment 1 alt_id: UBERON:0006432 def: "The S1 portion is the initial portion of the proximal convoluted tubule and is responsible for avid reabsorption of water and solutes[GO]." [GO:0072031, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3298740&group_id=36855] synonym: "proximal tubule segment 1" EXACT [MA:0002612] synonym: "S1" BROAD [GO:0072031] synonym: "S1 portion of renal tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "S1 portion of tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "segment 1 of proximal tubule" EXACT [EMAPA:29657] xref: EMAPA:29657 xref: MA:0002612 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001287 {source="GO"} ! proximal convoluted tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0004197 name: proximal convoluted tubule segment 2 alt_id: UBERON:0006433 def: "The S2 portion of the tubule is involved in reabsorption of water and sodium chloride[GO]." [GO:0072032] synonym: "proximal tubule segment 2" EXACT [MA:0002613] synonym: "S2" BROAD [GO:0072032] synonym: "S2 portion of renal tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "S2 portion of tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "segment 2 of proximal tubule" EXACT [EMAPA:29659] xref: EMAPA:29659 xref: MA:0002613 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001287 {source="GO"} ! proximal convoluted tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0004198 name: comma-shaped body def: "The comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron" [GO:0072049] xref: EMAPA:27681 xref: EMAPA:27835 xref: ZFA:0005588 is_a: UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0010532 {source="cjm"} ! primitive nephron relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004209 {source="ZFA"} ! renal vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0004199 name: S-shaped body def: "The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron" [GO:0072050] comment: TODO synonym: "stage II nephron" EXACT [http://www.gudmap.org/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/Renal_vesicle.html] xref: EMAPA:27756 xref: EMAPA:27853 xref: ZFA:0005589 is_a: UBERON:0010532 {source="cjm"} ! primitive nephron relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004198 {source="GO"} ! comma-shaped body [Term] id: UBERON:0004200 name: kidney pyramid alt_id: UBERON:0002449 alt_id: UBERON:0005098 def: "Kidney pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a multi-lobed mammalian kidney; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts[GO]. One of a number of pyramidal masses seen on longitudinal section of the kidney; collectively, they constitute the renal medulla, and contain part of the secreting tubules and the collecting tubules[BTO]. Renal pyramids (or malpighian pyramids) are cone-shaped tissues of the kidney. The renal medulla is made up of 8 to 18 of these conical subdivisions. The broad base of each pyramid faces the renal cortex, and its apex, or papilla, points internally. The pyramids appear striped because they are formed by straight parallel segments of nephrons. [WP,unvetted]." [BTO:0003926, GO:0072056, Wikipedia:Renal_pyramids] comment: not the same as FMA:50609 Pyramid (which is a volume / dimensional entity) synonym: "malphigian pyramid" RELATED [BTO:0003926] synonym: "malpighian pyramid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Renal_pyramids] synonym: "medullary pyramid" RELATED [] synonym: "pyramid" BROAD [GO:0072056] synonym: "pyramid of Malphigi" RELATED [ncithesaurus:Pyramid_of_Malpighi] synonym: "pyramides renales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_pyramids] synonym: "pyramis renalis" RELATED [BTO:0003926] synonym: "renal pyramid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Renal_pyramids] xref: BTO:0003926 xref: FMA:258870 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/200px-Kidney_PioM.png xref: MA:0001654 xref: ncithesaurus:Pyramid_of_Malpighi xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Pyramid xref: SCTID:361328001 is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0005159 ! pyramid of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla [Term] id: UBERON:0004201 name: kidney outer medulla inner stripe def: "The inner stripe is a deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla and is traversed by thick and thin portions of nephron tubules" [GO:0072057] synonym: "inner stripe" EXACT [GO:0072057] synonym: "inner stripe of medulla of kidney" EXACT [FMA:76663] synonym: "inner stripe of outer medulla" EXACT [EMAPA:29675] synonym: "inner stripe of renal medulla" EXACT [FMA:76663] synonym: "outer medulla inner stripe" EXACT [MA:0002626] synonym: "stria interna medullae renalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76663, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:29675 xref: FMA:76663 xref: MA:0002626 is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0004202 name: kidney outer medulla outer stripe def: "The outer stripe is the region of the kidney that lies distal to the line of termination of the straight renal tubules" [GO:0072058] synonym: "outer medulla outer stripe" EXACT [MA:0002629] synonym: "outer stripe" EXACT [GO:0072058] synonym: "outer stripe of medulla of kidney" EXACT [FMA:76662] synonym: "outer stripe of outer medulla" EXACT [EMAPA:29663] synonym: "outer stripe of renal medulla" EXACT [FMA:76662] synonym: "stria externa medullae renalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76662, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:29663 xref: FMA:76662 xref: MA:0002629 is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0004203 name: cortical collecting duct def: "The cortical collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex" [GO:0072059] xref: BTO:0002643 xref: EMAPA:28130 is_a: UBERON:0006553 ! renal duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001232 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0004204 name: outer medullary collecting duct def: "The outer medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal outer medulla" [GO:0072060] xref: EMAPA:28346 is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0004205 name: inner medullary collecting duct def: "The inner medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal inner medulla" [GO:0072061] xref: BTO:0004544 xref: EMAPA:28370 is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0004206 name: long descending thin limb bend def: "The long descending thin limb bend is a part of the descending thin limb of a long nephron that lies beyond the prebend segment" [GO:0072065] is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001289 ! descending limb of loop of Henle [Term] id: UBERON:0004207 name: prebend segment def: "The prebend segment is a part of the descending thin limb that lies before the bend and exhibits robust sodium chloride reabsorption" [GO:0072066] is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001289 ! descending limb of loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005096 {source="GO"} ! descending thin limb [Term] id: UBERON:0004208 name: nephrogenic mesenchyme def: "Nephrogenic mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the nephron" [GO:0072076] comment: The detailed events associated with the differentiation of the nephrogenic mesenchyme are somewhat complex. It has been suggested that each terminal branch of the ureteric bud stimulates the associated cap mesenchyme tissue to form a renal vesicle (the most primitive stage of nephron development: a stage I nephron). This then elongates, becomes a comma-shaped and then an S-shaped body (stage II nephron), and makes contact with and fuses with the distal component of the ureteric bud. The latter then forms the collecting duct. One fold of the S-shaped body gives rise to Bowman’s capsule (also termed the glomerular capsule). Soon afterwards, endothelial cells invade to make a capillary knot-like outgrowth, the glomerular tuft, which goes on to form the glomerulus. The inner epithelial layer of the Bowman’s capsule (also called the visceral epithelium, or podocyte layer because it consists of podocytes) is closely apposed to the endothelial glomerulus. Together, the Bowman’s capsule and the glomerulus comprise the definitive renal corpuscle. The rest of the nephron elongates to form components of the proximal tubule, the loop of Henle and the distal tubule. The distal pole of the developing nephron connects to the ureteric bud that induced it at an early stage of nephron/ collecting duct development, before differentiation of the proximal tubule, the loop of Henle and the distal tubule are complete. This connection allows the excretory products produced by the kidney to be removed and subsequently transferred, via the ureter, into the bladder where they are stored until it is appropriate to empty the bladder. [http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron] synonym: "mesenchyme of nephron" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nephron mesenchyme" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001285 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001285 ! nephron relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0004209 name: renal vesicle def: "The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. " [GO:0072077] comment: Editor notes: note that this class includes both metanephric and mesonephric vesicles - ZFA and EHDAA2 associations are placed with these classes. TODO - make a more specific develops_from relationship - see UBERON:0005107 synonym: "stage I nephron" EXACT [http://www.gudmap.org/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/Renal_vesicle.html, ZFA:0005586] is_a: UBERON:0004211 ! nephron epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007503 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial vesicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004208 ! nephrogenic mesenchyme relationship: induced_by UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0004211 name: nephron epithelium def: "The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron" [GO:0072088] synonym: "epithelial tissue of nephron" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of nephron" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nephron epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0004819 ! kidney epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0004212 name: glomerular capillary def: "A capillary that is part of a renal glomerulus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "blood capillary of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capillary vessel of renal glomerulus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "glomerular capillary system" RELATED [MA:0002587] synonym: "renal glomerulus blood capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal glomerulus capillary" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal glomerulus capillary vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:28245 xref: MA:0002587 xref: ncithesaurus:Glomerular_Capillary xref: TAO:0005284 xref: ZFA:0005284 is_a: UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0003527 ! kidney capillary is_a: UBERON:0004188 ! glomerular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 intersection_of: UBERON:0001982 ! capillary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus property_value: external_definition "Capillary that is part of the renal glomerulus. Glomerular capillary endothelial membranes in zebrafish normally have a fenestrated morphology that is visible at the ultrastructural level.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005284", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-000824-1", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004214 name: upper leg nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thigh nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000685 is_a: UBERON:0003431 ! leg nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004215 name: back nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a back [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000497 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum [Term] id: UBERON:0004216 name: lower arm nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a lower arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000601 is_a: UBERON:0003433 ! arm nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004217 name: upper arm nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of arm nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of brachial region nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000607 is_a: UBERON:0003433 ! arm nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004218 name: lower leg nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a lower leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of leg nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity nerve" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000679 is_a: UBERON:0003431 ! leg nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004219 name: urethra smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a urethra [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethra involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethra non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethra smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethral smooth muscle" RELATED [MA:0001691] xref: MA:0001691 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0004220 name: large intestine smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a large intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestine involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestine non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "large intestine smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of large intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001547 is_a: UBERON:0004221 ! intestine smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 ! wall of large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0004221 name: intestine smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bowel smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestine smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000643 xref: MA:0001539 xref: ncithesaurus:Intestinal_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue xref: WBbt:0005796 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004226 ! gastrointestinal system smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 ! wall of intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0004222 name: stomach smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001818] synonym: "gastric smooth muscle" RELATED [MA:0001627] synonym: "involuntary muscle of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of ventriculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001818] synonym: "stomach non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventriculus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001818 xref: MA:0001627 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004226 ! gastrointestinal system smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0004223 name: vagina smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a vagina [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vagina involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vagina non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vagina smooth muscle" RELATED [BTO:0004999] synonym: "vagina smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004999 xref: MA:0001733 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0006652 ! muscular layer of vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0004224 name: vas deferens smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a vas deferens [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - check MA and FMA classes mean the same thing synonym: "muscle layer of deferent duct" EXACT [FMA:19239] synonym: "muscle layer of ductus deferens" EXACT [FMA:19239] synonym: "muscle layer of vas deferens" EXACT [FMA:19239] synonym: "muscular coat of ductus deferens" EXACT [FMA:19239] synonym: "muscular layer of ductus deferens" EXACT [FMA:19239] synonym: "muscularis of vas deferens" EXACT [FMA:19239] synonym: "tunica muscularis (Ductus deferens)" EXACT [FMA:19239] synonym: "tunica muscularis ductus deferentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19239, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:29270 xref: FMA:19239 xref: MA:0001750 xref: SCTID:299705008 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens [Term] id: UBERON:0004225 name: respiratory system smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "airway smooth muscle" RELATED [BTO:0001660] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory smooth muscle" EXACT [BTO:0001660] synonym: "respiratory system involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001660 xref: MA:0001830 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0004226 name: gastrointestinal system smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a digestive system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive system involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive system non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive system smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive system smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastrointestinal system involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastrointestinal system non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastrointestinal system smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001523 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0004227 name: kidney pelvis smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a renal pelvis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis of ureter involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis of ureter non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis of ureter smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis of ureter smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvis involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvis non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvis smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvis smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:262022 xref: MA:0002631 is_a: UBERON:0005321 ! mesonephric smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0009919 ! ureter smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0004228 name: urinary bladder smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder muscle" EXACT [MA:0001697] synonym: "urinary bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0001849 xref: MA:0001697 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0004229 name: urinary bladder trigone smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deep trigone involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deep trigone non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deep trigone smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deep trigone smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of Lieutaud's trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Lieutaud's trigone involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Lieutaud's trigone non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Lieutaud's trigone smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Lieutaud's trigone smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of Lieutaud's trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of Lieutaud's trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of Lieutaud's trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of bladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder trigone involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder trigone muscle" EXACT [MA:0001700] synonym: "urinary bladder trigone non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder trigone smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical trigone involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical trigone non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical trigone smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical trigone smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001700 is_a: UBERON:0004228 ! urinary bladder smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001257 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0004230 name: urinary bladder neck smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder neck involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder neck non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder neck smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder neck smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of bladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of urinary bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of urinary bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of urinary bladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder neck involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder neck muscle" EXACT [MA:0001699] synonym: "urinary bladder neck non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder neck smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical neck involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical neck non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical neck smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical neck smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001699 is_a: UBERON:0004228 ! urinary bladder smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001258 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0004231 name: anal region smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an anal region [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal part of perineum involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal part of perineum non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal part of perineum smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal part of perineum smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal region involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal region non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal region smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal triangle involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal triangle non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal triangle smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal triangle smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001532 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0004232 name: lymphatic vessel smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a lymphatic vessel [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph vessel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph vessel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph vessel smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymph vessel smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic vessel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic vessel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lymphatic vessel smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lymph vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lymphatic vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000751 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphatic_Vessel_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001473 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004233 name: lower respiratory tract smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower respiratory tract involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower respiratory tract non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower respiratory tract smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002410 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004225 ! respiratory system smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004234 name: iris smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a iris [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "iris involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "iris non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "iris smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of iris" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000655 xref: MA:0001270 is_a: UBERON:0001606 ! muscle of iris is_a: UBERON:0003386 ! smooth muscle of eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001769 ! iris [Term] id: UBERON:0004235 name: mammary gland smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a lactiferous gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lactiferous gland smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of breast smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobe of mammary gland smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mammary gland smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lactiferous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lobe of breast" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lobe of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of mammary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000795 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004236 name: arteriole smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an arteriole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000706 is_a: UBERON:0002111 ! artery smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001980 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole relationship: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole [Term] id: UBERON:0004237 name: blood vessel smooth muscle alt_id: UBERON:0010508 def: "smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels." [Wikipedia:Vascular_smooth_muscle] comment: Function notes: Vascular smooth muscle contracts or relaxes to both change the volume of blood vessels and the local blood pressure, a mechanism that is responsible for the redistribution of the blood within the body to areas where it is needed (i.e. areas with temporarily enhanced oxygen consumption). Thus the main function of vascular smooth muscle tonus is to regulate the caliber of the blood vessels in the body. Excessive vasoconstriction leads to hypertension, while excessive vasodilation as in shock leads to hypotension. synonym: "blood vessel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vascular smooth muscle" EXACT [ZFA:0005321] synonym: "vascular smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001431 xref: MA:0000710 xref: MESH:A.02.633.570.491 xref: ncithesaurus:Vascular_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue xref: TAO:0005321 xref: ZFA:0005321 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004238 name: spleen smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a spleen [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of spleen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spleen involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spleen non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "spleen smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000757 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0004239 name: small intestine smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a small intestine [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small bowel smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "small intestine smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of small bowel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of small intestine" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001559 is_a: UBERON:0004221 ! intestine smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 ! wall of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0004240 name: gall bladder smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a gallbladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary smooth muscle" RELATED [MA:0001635] synonym: "gall bladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gall bladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gall bladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001635 xref: ncithesaurus:Gallbladder_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder [Term] id: UBERON:0004241 name: main bronchus smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001848 is_a: UBERON:0004242 ! bronchus smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004242 name: bronchus smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001840 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0004233 ! lower respiratory tract smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004243 name: prostate gland smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a prostate gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of prostate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of prostate gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscular tissue of prostate" EXACT [FMA:74245] synonym: "non-striated muscle of prostate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of prostate gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostate gland involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostate gland non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostate gland smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostate involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostate non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostate smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostate smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of prostate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of prostate gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of prostate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of prostate gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "substantia muscularis prostatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74245, FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0003159 xref: FMA:74245 xref: MA:0001741 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0008715 ! muscle tissue of prostate relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004245 name: oviduct smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a fallopian tube [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fallopian tube involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fallopian tube non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fallopian tube smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fallopian tube smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001721 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003889 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004246 name: outflow tract smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a outflow tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outflow tract involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outflow tract non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outflow tract smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000492 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004247 name: back bone def: "A bone that is part of a back [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "back bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000494 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone is_a: UBERON:0005174 ! back organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum [Term] id: UBERON:0004248 name: pedal digit bone def: "A bone that is part of a toe [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digit of foot" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digit of terminal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digitus pedis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of foot digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of terminal segment of free lower limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of foot bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free lower limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus pedis bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit bone" EXACT [MA:0000646] synonym: "foot digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free lower limb digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000646 is_a: UBERON:0005899 ! pes bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0004249 name: manual digit bone def: "A bone that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digit of terminal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of digitus manus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hand digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of terminal segment of free upper limb digit" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of hand bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digit of terminal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digitus manus bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit bone" EXACT [MA:0000622] synonym: "hand digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal segment of free upper limb digit bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000622 is_a: UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0004250 name: upper arm bone def: "A bone that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm stylopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm stylopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region stylopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region stylopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of arm bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of brachial region bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of brachial region bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper arm bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000604 is_a: UBERON:0003460 ! arm bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004251 name: lower leg bone def: "A bone that is part of a lower leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone organ of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower leg bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of leg bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of leg bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity bone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity bone organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000676 is_a: UBERON:0005893 ! leg bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004252 name: hindlimb stylopod muscle alt_id: UBERON:0000374 def: "A muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb stylopod (upper leg)[Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of thigh" EXACT [FMA:22470] synonym: "thigh muscle" EXACT [FMA:22470] synonym: "upper leg muscle" EXACT [MA:0000684] xref: BTO:0001367 xref: FMA:22470 xref: MA:0000684 is_a: UBERON:0001383 ! muscle of leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004253 name: skin muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a skin of body [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: review as part of general integumentary system review - part of skin, or more generally, integumental system synonym: "muscle of integumental system" EXACT [EMAPA:18187] synonym: "muscle organ of skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin muscle organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18187 xref: MA:0002710 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body [Term] id: UBERON:0004254 name: forelimb zeugopod muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a forelimb zeugopod (lower arm)[Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forearm muscle" EXACT [FMA:37371] synonym: "lower arm muscle" EXACT [MA:0000600] synonym: "muscle of forearm" EXACT [FMA:37371] xref: FMA:37371 xref: MA:0000600 xref: SCTID:181631004 is_a: UBERON:0001499 ! muscle of arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004255 name: forelimb stylopod muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a forelimb stylopod (upper arm)[Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: the FMA class "muscle of arm" belongs here, do not move. See notes on UBERON:0001460 for possible terminological confusion over term 'arm' synonym: "muscle of arm" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:37370] synonym: "muscle of upper arm" EXACT [MA:0000606] synonym: "upper arm muscle" EXACT [MA:0000606] xref: FMA:37370 xref: MA:0000606 xref: SCTID:244979005 is_a: UBERON:0001499 ! muscle of arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004256 name: hindlimb zeugopod muscle def: "A muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb zeugopod (lower leg) [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: the FMA class "muscle of leg" belongs here, do not move. See notes on UBERON:0000978 for possible terminological confusion over term 'leg' synonym: "lower leg muscle" EXACT [MA:0000678] synonym: "muscle of leg" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:22471] xref: FMA:22471 xref: MA:0000678 is_a: UBERON:0001383 ! muscle of leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004257 name: upper leg blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb stylopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb stylopod blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thigh blood vessel" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000681 is_a: UBERON:0003503 ! leg blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005225 ! upper leg epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004258 name: back blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a back [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "blood vessel of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000493 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum [Term] id: UBERON:0004259 name: lower arm blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a lower arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forelimb zeugopod blood vessel" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: MA:0000597 is_a: UBERON:0003247 ! epithelium of forearm is_a: UBERON:0003507 ! arm blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004260 name: upper arm blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "forelimb stylopod blood vessel" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: MA:0000603 is_a: UBERON:0003507 ! arm blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005228 ! upper arm epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004261 name: lower leg blood vessel def: "A blood vessel that is part of a lower leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod blood vessel" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: MA:0000675 is_a: UBERON:0003503 ! leg blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005229 ! lower leg epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004262 name: upper leg skin def: "A zone of skin that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hind limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of inferior member skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thigh skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18159 xref: FMA:37790 xref: MA:0000686 xref: SCTID:181547006 is_a: UBERON:0001511 ! skin of leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004263 name: upper arm skin def: "A zone of skin that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of arm skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of brachial region skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18062 xref: MA:0000608 xref: SCTID:181531009 is_a: UBERON:0002427 ! arm skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004264 name: lower leg skin def: "A zone of skin that is part of a lower leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of leg skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18156 xref: MA:0000680 xref: SCTID:244180007 is_a: UBERON:0001511 ! skin of leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004265 name: outflow tract myocardium def: "A myocardium that is part of a outflow tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac muscle of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart muscle of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart myocardium of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle of heart of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "myocardium of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outflow tract cardiac muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outflow tract heart muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outflow tract heart myocardium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outflow tract muscle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001358 xref: MA:0000489 xref: VHOG:0000603 is_a: UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 intersection_of: UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract property_value: homology_notes " (...) (theme) is how the vertebrate cardiovascular system differs from that of the presumptive evolutionary chordate ancestor. (...) At best we can tell there are two essential new ingredients: (1) vertebrates all have a continuous endothelial lining to the heart and vessels and (2) vertebrates have developed a second chamber in the heart, one designed for generating high systemic blood pressure.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000603", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:9187138 Fishman MC, Chien KR, Fashioning the vertebrate heart: earliest embryonic decisions. Development (1997)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004266 name: upper leg connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free lower limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of lower limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of Proximal segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of thigh" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of upper leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thigh connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thigh portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thigh textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper leg portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper leg textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000683 is_a: UBERON:0003569 ! leg connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004267 name: back connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a back [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "back portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "back textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of back" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000495 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum [Term] id: UBERON:0004268 name: lower arm connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antebrachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower segment of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of antebrachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of arm middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of arm zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of intermediate segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lower arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lower segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000599 is_a: UBERON:0003573 ! arm connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004269 name: upper arm connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "brachial region stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of arm connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of brachial region connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of brachial region portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of brachial region textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of arm stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of brachial region stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of Proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of proximal segment of free upper limb stylopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of brachial region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of stylopod of proximal segment of free upper limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of upper arm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper arm portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper arm textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000605 is_a: UBERON:0003573 ! arm connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004270 name: lower leg connective tissue def: "A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hind limb zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior member zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate segment of free lower limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity middle limb segment textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower extremity zeugopod textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower leg portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower leg textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle limb segment of lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hind limb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of hindlimb zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of inferior member zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of intermediate segment of free lower limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity middle limb segment" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lower extremity zeugopod" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of lower leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of middle limb segment of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of hind limb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of hindlimb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of inferior member" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of leg" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of zeugopod of lower extremity" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hind limb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of hindlimb textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of inferior member textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of leg connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of leg portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of leg textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "zeugopod of lower extremity textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000677 is_a: UBERON:0003569 ! leg connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004271 name: outflow tract pericardium def: "A pericardium that is part of a outflow tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pericardium of outflow tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000491 is_a: UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 intersection_of: UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004273 name: cartilaginous joint suture def: "A cranial suture that is part of a cartilaginous joint [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea cranial suture" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea cranial sutures" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea cranial sutures set" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea cranium suture" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "articulatio cartilaginea suture of cranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilaginous joint cranial suture" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilaginous joint cranial sutures" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilaginous joint cranial sutures set" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilaginous joint cranium suture" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cartilaginous joint suture of cranium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cranial suture of articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cranial suture of cartilaginous joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cranial sutures of articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cranial sutures of cartilaginous joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cranial sutures set of articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cranial sutures set of cartilaginous joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cranium suture of articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cranium suture of cartilaginous joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "suture of cranium of articulatio cartilaginea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "suture of cranium of cartilaginous joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001498 is_a: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture relationship: part_of UBERON:0002213 intersection_of: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002213 ! cartilaginous joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0002213 ! cartilaginous joint [Term] id: UBERON:0004274 name: lateral ventricle choroid plexus epithelium def: "A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a lateral ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelium of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus of lateral ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lateral ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004450 xref: FMA:242815 xref: MA:0000962 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_Epithelium_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle is_a: UBERON:0003911 ! choroid plexus epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004643 ! lateral ventricle ependyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0002307 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002307 ! choroid plexus of lateral ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002307 ! choroid plexus of lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004275 name: third ventricle choroid plexus epithelium def: "A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a third ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelium of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus of third ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:242821 xref: MA:0000880 is_a: UBERON:0003911 ! choroid plexus epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004642 ! third ventricle ependyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 intersection_of: UBERON:0003911 ! choroid plexus epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002288 ! choroid plexus of third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004276 name: fourth ventricle choroid plexus epithelium def: "A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a fourth ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelial tissue of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "choroid plexus epithelium of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of choroid plexus of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of choroid plexus of fourth ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle choroid plexus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelial tissue of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelial tissue of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelium of chorioid plexus of cerebral hemisphere" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth ventricle epithelium of choroid plexus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:242823 xref: MA:0000984 xref: ncithesaurus:Choroid_Plexus_Epithelium_of_the_Fourth_Ventricle is_a: UBERON:0003911 ! choroid plexus epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004644 ! fourth ventricle ependyma is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 intersection_of: UBERON:0003911 ! choroid plexus epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002290 ! choroid plexus of fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004277 name: eye muscle def: "A muscle that is part of the eye region." [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0000156 xref: MA:0000271 xref: OpenCyc:Mx8Ngx4rwKSh9pwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvViTvpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycB4rvYA8cJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 {source="MA"} ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0004288 name: skeleton def: "all the bones and/or cartilaginous elements in the body. Together with the articular system, this comprises the skeletal system." [FMA:23875, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Skeleton] comment: Note that the source FMA definition has been modified here to include cartilage skeletons. We may wish to introduce subclasses for bony/cartilage skeletons. subset: uberon_slim synonym: "set of all bones" EXACT [] synonym: "set of bones of body" EXACT [] xref: AEO:0000168 xref: EFO:0000806 xref: EHDAA2:0001843 xref: EHDAA:5047 xref: EHDAA:8005 xref: EHDAA:8041 xref: FMA:23875 xref: GAID:177 xref: galen:Skeleton xref: MA:0003006 xref: MAT:0000032 xref: MESH:A.02.835 xref: MIAA:0000032 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi1rpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361378004 xref: VSAO:0000026 xref: XAO:0004053 is_a: UBERON:0000480 ! anatomical group disjoint_from: UBERON:0004770 ! articular system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg., bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000026", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004289 name: radula def: "an anatomical structure found in mollusks and used for feeding. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon. It is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters the esophagus. The radula is unique to the molluscs, and is found in all classes of mollusks except for the bivalves." [Wikipedia:Radula] comment: The first bona fide radula dates to the Early Cambrian,[3] although trace fossils from the earlier Ediacaran have been suggested to have been made by the radula of the organism Kimberella.[WP] xref: BTO:0001506 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0004290 name: dermomyotome def: "Epithelial sheet on the external surface of the somite that gives rise to trunk, muscle and dermis. Within the dermomyotome there is also a medio-lateral difference. The central region makes dermis, the mesenchymal connective tissue of the back skin. The medial region (closest to neural tube) makes epaxial muscle, and the lateral region (furthest from neural tube) makes hypaxial muscle." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=eurekah&part=A66768] synonym: "dermamyotome" RELATED [VHOG:0000676] synonym: "dermomyotomes" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000676] xref: AAO:0010572 xref: AEO:0000214 xref: EHDAA2:0003259 xref: ncithesaurus:Dermomyotome xref: TAO:0001513 xref: VHOG:0000676 xref: ZFA:0001513 is_a: UBERON:0000486 {source="EHDAA2"} ! multilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002329 {source="EHDAA2", source="ZFA"} ! somite relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm property_value: external_definition "Epithelial sheet on the external surface of the somite that gives rise to trunk, muscle and dermis.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001513", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of somites that gives rise to dermis and muscles.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010572", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "Thus, representatives of the agnathan vertebrates, chondrichthyans, and sarcopterygians all have a layer of undifferentiated cells external to the embryonic myotome. In the amniotes, this external cell layer is the dermomyotome. The simplest interpretation of the similar position, morphology, and lack of myosin labeling is that a dermomyotome epithelium is a shared, ancestral vertebrate characteristic.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000676", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1525-142X.2006.05079.x Devoto SH, Stoiber W, Hammond CL, Steinbacher P, Haslett JR, Barresi MJF, Patterson SE, Adiarte EG and Hughes SM, Generality of vertebrate developmental patterns: evidence for a dermomyotome in fish. Evolution and Development (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004291 name: heart rudiment def: "a cone-like structure that is formed when myocardial progenitor cells of the heart field fuse at the midline. The heart rudiment is the first structure of the heart tube." [GO:0003313] synonym: "heart cone" EXACT [GO:0003313] synonym: "rudimentary heart" EXACT [ZFA:0000115] xref: TAO:0000115 xref: ZFA:0000115 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003084 {source="ZFA"} ! heart primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004139 ! cardiogenic plate property_value: external_definition "The migrating myocardial precursors of the heart rudiment form a cone like structure between 19.5hpf and 22hpf, and eventually telescope out into the primitive heart tube at 24hpf. Stainier 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000115", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004292 name: cardiac skeleton def: "a specialized extracellular matrix that separates the atria from the ventricles and provides physical support for the heart[GO]. structure of dense connective tissue in the heart that separates the atria from the ventricles. It is not a true skeleton, but it does provide structure and support for the heart, as well as isolating the atria from the ventricles. This allows the AV node and AV bundle to delay the wave of depolarisation such that the atria can contract and assist in ventricular filling before the ventricles themselves depolarise and contract (the AV bundle is the only part of the conduction system that passes from the atria to the ventricles in a normal heart). It also allows the valves (bicuspid, tricuspid, semilunar) to keep open by giving them structural support." [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton] synonym: "anulus fibrosus dexter cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton] synonym: "anulus fibrosus sinister cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton] synonym: "cardiac fibrous skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "fibrous skeleton of heart" EXACT [] synonym: "heart fibrous skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "skeleton of heart" EXACT [FMA:9496] synonym: "trigona fibrosa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton] synonym: "trigonum fibrosum dextrum cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton] synonym: "trigonum fibrosum sinistrum cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cardiac_skeleton] xref: FMA:9496 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Gray495.png is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0004293 name: parasympathetic nerve def: "A nerve that is part of a parasympathetic nervous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve of parasympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001401 xref: EMAPA:17271 xref: MA:0000224 xref: SCTID:276146002 xref: VHOG:0000641 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005428 {source="NBK10065"} ! vagal neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010075 {source="NBK10065"} ! sacral neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004294 name: glomerular capillary endothelium synonym: "renal glomerulus capillary endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001658 xref: ncithesaurus:Endothelium_of_the_Glomerular_Capillary xref: SCTID:243993006 is_a: UBERON:0001915 ! endothelium of capillary is_a: UBERON:0004189 ! glomerular endothelium is_a: UBERON:0004810 ! nephron tubule epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004212 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004212 ! glomerular capillary relationship: part_of UBERON:0004212 ! glomerular capillary [Term] id: UBERON:0004295 name: sympathetic nerve trunk def: "A nerve trunk that is part of a sympathetic nervous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001970 xref: EMAPA:16986 xref: MA:0000227 is_a: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 intersection_of: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004296 name: respiratory system lymphatic vessel smooth muscle def: "A lymphatic vessel smooth muscle that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of lymph vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001826 is_a: UBERON:0004225 ! respiratory system smooth muscle is_a: UBERON:0004232 ! lymphatic vessel smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003456 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003456 ! respiratory system lymphatic vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0003456 ! respiratory system lymphatic vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004297 name: respiratory system blood vessel smooth muscle def: "A blood vessel smooth muscle that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of blood vessel of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001806 is_a: UBERON:0004225 ! respiratory system smooth muscle is_a: UBERON:0004237 ! blood vessel smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003504 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004300 name: distal phalanx def: "Terminal phalanx located at the tip of the digits." [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges] comment: Taxon notes: In human anatomy, the distal phalanges of the four fingers and toes articulate proximally with the intermediate phalanges at the distal interphalangeal joints (DIP); in the thumb and big toe, with only two phalanges, the distal phalanges articulate proximally with the proximal phalanges. The distal phalanges carry and shape nails and claws and are therefore occasionally referred to as the ungual phalanges. The distal phalanges are cone-shaped in most mammals, including most primates, but relatively wide and flat in humans. AO notes: synonym: "Phalanx distalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges] synonym: "phalanx distalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges] synonym: "terminal phalanx" EXACT [AAO:0010676] synonym: "ungual phalanx" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=67679] xref: AAO:0010676 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Scheme_human_hand_bones-en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Scheme_human_hand_bones-en.svg/200px-Scheme_human_hand_bones-en.svg.png xref: MA:0002914 xref: SCTID:299711006 is_a: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004301 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0009551 ! distal segment of digit relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004301 name: middle phalanx def: "A phalanx located between proximal and distal phalanges[CJM]. Intermediate phalanges are bones found in the limbs of most vertebrates. In humans, they are the bones of the finger and toe which lie in the middle, between the two wrinkly joints. The thumb and big toe do not have intermediate phalanges. In most other vertebrates, they have a corresponding place in their limbs, whether they be paw, wing, hoof or fin[WP]." [Wikipedia:Intermediate_phalanges] comment: Taxon notes: in some groups such as whales, there are multiple intermediate phalanges. Editors note: consider using numbering system, and axioms to the effect that there is a single middle phalanx per finger in humans. This should perhaps be renamed 'intermediate phalanx', leaving the term middle phalanx open for the specific intermediate phalanx of a 3-phalanx digit synonym: "intermediate phalanx" EXACT [] synonym: "medial phalanx" RELATED [] synonym: "penultimate phalanx" RELATED [AAO:0010677] xref: AAO:0010677 xref: MA:0002915 xref: SCTID:299710007 is_a: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003221 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003221 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004300 {notes="human and mouse", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146"} ! distal phalanx relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004302 {notes="human and mouse", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146"} ! proximal phalanx relationship: transitively_distally_connected_to UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx relationship: transitively_proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004302 name: proximal phalanx def: "Proximal-most phalanx within a digit[CJM]. Proximal phalanges are bones found in the limbs of most vertebrates. In humans, they are the bones at the base of a toe or finger, the prominent, knobby ends of which are often called the knuckles. In other vertebrates, proximal phalanges have a similar placement in the corresponding limbs, be they paw, wing or fin. In many species, they are the longest and thickest phalanx ('finger' bone)." [Wikipedia:Proximal_phalanges] synonym: "proximal-most phalanx" EXACT [AAO:0010680] xref: AAO:0010680 xref: MA:0002916 xref: SCTID:299708005 is_a: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003821 intersection_of: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003821 ! metacarpal/metatarsal bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003821 ! metacarpal/metatarsal bone property_value: phalanx_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004311 name: distal phalanx of manual digit 2 def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:23946] synonym: "distal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23946] synonym: "distal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23946] synonym: "second finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23946 xref: SCTID:361784003 is_a: UBERON:0003636 ! manual digit 2 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004320 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="shoge-lite"} ! middle phalanx of manual digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004312 name: distal phalanx of manual digit 3 def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:23947] synonym: "distal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23947] synonym: "distal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23947] synonym: "third finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23947 xref: SCTID:361786001 is_a: UBERON:0003637 ! manual digit 3 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004321 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="shoge-lite"} ! middle phalanx of manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004313 name: distal phalanx of manual digit 4 def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23948] synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:23948] synonym: "fourth distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23948] synonym: "fourth finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23948 xref: SCTID:361788000 is_a: UBERON:0003638 ! manual digit 4 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004322 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="shoge-lite"} ! middle phalanx of manual digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004314 name: distal phalanx of manual digit 5 def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th digit of hand distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23949] synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:23949] synonym: "fifth distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23949] synonym: "fifth finger distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23949 xref: SCTID:361790004 is_a: UBERON:0003639 ! manual digit 5 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004323 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="shoge-lite"} ! middle phalanx of manual digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004315 name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 1 def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of big toe" EXACT [FMA:32627] synonym: "distal phalanx of first digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32627] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of great toe" EXACT [FMA:32627] synonym: "distal phalanx of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32627] synonym: "foot digit 1 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hallux distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32627 xref: SCTID:361799003 is_a: UBERON:0003640 ! pedal digit 1 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004332 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="shoge-lite"} ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004316 name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 2 def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32628] synonym: "distal phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32628] synonym: "foot digit 2 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32628] xref: FMA:32628 xref: SCTID:361801000 is_a: UBERON:0003641 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004324 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="shoge-lite"} ! middle phalanx of pedal digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004317 name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 3 def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32629] synonym: "distal phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32629] synonym: "foot digit 3 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32629] xref: FMA:32629 xref: SCTID:361803002 is_a: UBERON:0003642 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004325 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="shoge-lite"} ! middle phalanx of pedal digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004318 name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 4 def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32630] synonym: "distal phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:32630] synonym: "foot digit 4 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32630] xref: FMA:32630 xref: SCTID:361805009 is_a: UBERON:0003862 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004326 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="shoge-lite"} ! middle phalanx of pedal digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004319 name: distal phalanx of pedal digit 5 def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th toe distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32631] synonym: "distal phalanx of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:32631] synonym: "distal phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal phalanx of little toe" EXACT [FMA:32631] synonym: "fifth distal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32631] synonym: "foot digit 5 distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32631 xref: SCTID:10770001 is_a: UBERON:0003863 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004327 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="shoge-lite"} ! middle phalanx of pedal digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004320 name: middle phalanx of manual digit 2 def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:23933] synonym: "middle phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23933] synonym: "middle phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23933] xref: FMA:23933 xref: SCTID:263407002 is_a: UBERON:0003636 ! manual digit 2 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003864 ! middle phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 intersection_of: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004311 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! distal phalanx of manual digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004328 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004321 name: middle phalanx of manual digit 3 def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23934] synonym: "middle phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23934] xref: FMA:23934 xref: SCTID:263408007 is_a: UBERON:0003637 ! manual digit 3 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003864 ! middle phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 intersection_of: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004312 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! distal phalanx of manual digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004329 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004322 name: middle phalanx of manual digit 4 def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23935] synonym: "hand digit 4 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 4 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23935] synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23935 xref: SCTID:263409004 is_a: UBERON:0003638 ! manual digit 4 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003864 ! middle phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 intersection_of: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004313 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! distal phalanx of manual digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004330 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004323 name: middle phalanx of manual digit 5 def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th digit of hand intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th digit of hand middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth middle phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23936] synonym: "hand digit 5 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 5 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of hand digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23936] synonym: "middle phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of little finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23936 xref: SCTID:263410009 is_a: UBERON:0003639 ! manual digit 5 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003864 ! middle phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 intersection_of: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004314 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! distal phalanx of manual digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004331 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004324 name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 2 def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32623] synonym: "middle phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32623] synonym: "second middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32623] xref: FMA:32623 xref: SCTID:182152006 is_a: UBERON:0003641 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003866 ! middle phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 intersection_of: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004316 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004333 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004325 name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 3 def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32624] synonym: "middle phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32624] synonym: "third middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32624] xref: FMA:32624 xref: SCTID:182154007 is_a: UBERON:0003642 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003866 ! middle phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 intersection_of: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004317 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004334 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004326 name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 4 def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth middle phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32625] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32625] synonym: "middle phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32625 xref: SCTID:182156009 is_a: UBERON:0003862 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003866 ! middle phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 intersection_of: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004318 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004335 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004327 name: middle phalanx of pedal digit 5 def: "A middle phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th toe intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th toe middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 intermediate phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 5 middle phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle phalanx of little toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:230984 xref: SCTID:182158005 is_a: UBERON:0003863 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003866 ! middle phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 intersection_of: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004319 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004336 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:314146", source="shoge-lite"} ! proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004328 name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 2 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 2nd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 2nd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:23919] synonym: "proximal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23919] synonym: "proximal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23919] xref: FMA:23919 xref: SCTID:263403003 is_a: UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0003636 ! manual digit 2 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004329 name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand digit 3 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 3rd digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 3rd finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:23920] synonym: "proximal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23920] synonym: "proximal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23920] xref: FMA:23920 xref: SCTID:263404009 is_a: UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0003637 ! manual digit 3 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004330 name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23921] synonym: "hand digit 4 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 4th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 4th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23921] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:23921] xref: FMA:23921 xref: SCTID:263405005 is_a: UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0003638 ! manual digit 4 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004331 name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th digit of hand proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth finger proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23922] synonym: "hand digit 5 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 5th digit of hand" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 5th finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23922] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:23922] xref: FMA:23922 xref: SCTID:263406006 is_a: UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0003639 ! manual digit 5 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004332 name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1 def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 1 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hallux proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of big toe" EXACT [FMA:43252] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 1" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of great toe" EXACT [FMA:43252] synonym: "proximal phalanx of hallux" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:43252 xref: SCTID:182150003 is_a: UBERON:0003640 ! pedal digit 1 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003868 ! proximal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004333 name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2 def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "2nd toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 2 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 2nd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 2" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32618] synonym: "proximal phalanx of second toe" EXACT [FMA:32618] synonym: "second proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32618] xref: FMA:32618 xref: SCTID:182151004 is_a: UBERON:0003641 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003868 ! proximal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004334 name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3 def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 3 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 3rd toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 3" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32619] synonym: "proximal phalanx of third toe" EXACT [FMA:32619] synonym: "third proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32619] xref: FMA:32619 xref: SCTID:182153001 is_a: UBERON:0003642 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003868 ! proximal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004335 name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4 def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot digit 4 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32620] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 4th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 4" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32620] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:32620] xref: FMA:32620 xref: SCTID:182155008 is_a: UBERON:0003862 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003868 ! proximal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004336 name: proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5 def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "5th toe proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth proximal phalanx of foot" EXACT [FMA:32621] synonym: "foot digit 5 proximal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of 5th toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:32621] synonym: "proximal phalanx of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:32621] synonym: "proximal phalanx of foot digit 5" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal phalanx of little toe" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32621 xref: SCTID:182157000 is_a: UBERON:0003863 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003868 ! proximal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004337 name: distal phalanx of manual digit 1 def: "A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Taxon notes: The human pollical distal phalanx (PDP) has a pronounced insertion for the flexor pollicis longus (asymmetric towards the radial side), an ungual fossa, and a pair of dissymmetric ungual spines (the ulnar being more prominent). This asymmetry is necessary to ensure that the thumb pulp is always facing the pulps of the other digits, an osteological configuration which provides the maximum contact surface with held objects.[WP] synonym: "distal phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23945] synonym: "distal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first distal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23945] synonym: "PDP" EXACT [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges#Thumb] synonym: "pollical distal phalanx" EXACT [Wikipedia:Distal_phalanges#Thumb] synonym: "thumb distal phalanx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23945 xref: SCTID:182007006 is_a: UBERON:0003620 ! manual digit 1 phalanx is_a: UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 intersection_of: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0004338 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="shoge-lite"} ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004338 name: proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 def: "A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first proximal phalanx of hand" EXACT [FMA:23918] synonym: "proximal phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:23918] synonym: "proximal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thumb proximal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:23918 xref: SCTID:181992006 is_a: UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0003620 ! manual digit 1 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 intersection_of: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004339 name: vault of skull def: "Upper part of skull, consisting of parietals, frontals, post-parietals, and in some species the squamosal and a portion of the alisphenoid" [MP:0000076, PMID:11523816, Wikipedia:Calvaria_(skull)] comment: Editor notes: We follow PMID:11523816 (Morriss-Kay) in defining the components of the skull vault. Note that there is a conflict with Kardong; e.g. in fig 7.10, Kardong places the squamosal in the temporal series. We cannot place the vault as entirely part of the dermatocranium as it has a small splanchnocranium contribution and a sclerotomal contribution. Terminology notes. we include calvarium as a synonym, but Gray's Anatomy's list includes the Ethmoid and Sphenoid bone in the Calvaria. Some books state that calvaria consists of just the frontal bone, parietal bone, temporal bone, and occipital bone. Note vault may not be precisely equivalent to calvaria synonym: "calva" EXACT [FMA:52800] synonym: "calvaria" RELATED PLURAL [ZFA:0005606] synonym: "calvarium" RELATED [] synonym: "skull vault" EXACT [] synonym: "skullcap" RELATED [ZFA:0005606] xref: EHDAA2:0002167 xref: EHDAA:9538 xref: EMAPA:18016 xref: FMA:52800 xref: ncithesaurus:Skullcap xref: SCTID:140592008 xref: VHOG:0000331 xref: ZFA:0005606 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003113 {notes="small pharyngeal arch and sclerotomal contribution"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium property_value: homology_notes "The earliest tetrapods arose from rhipidistian ancestors and retained many of their skull features, including most of the bones of the dermatocranium.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000331", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.256", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004340 name: allantois def: "Allantois (plural allantoides or allantoises) is a part of a developing animal conceptus (which consists of all embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues). It helps the embryo exchange gases and handle liquid waste. The allantois, along with the amnion and chorion (other embryonic membranes), identify humans as amniotes, along with reptiles, dinosaurs, birds, and other mammals. Of the vertebrates, only Ichthyopsidas lack this structure. [WP,unvetted]." [MP:0001726, Wikipedia:Allantois] comment: a diverticulum of the hindgut endoderm [ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong"] xref: BTO:0000474 xref: EHDAA2:0000113 xref: EMAPA:16084 xref: EMAPA:16107 xref: EMAPA:28547 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Gray25.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.403.147 xref: ncithesaurus:Allantois xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000114 xref: SCTID:308825007 xref: VHOG:0000738 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005631 ! extraembryonic membrane is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! endoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004872 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 {source="EHDAA2"} ! excretory system property_value: external_definition "A membranous sac that develops from the posterior part of the alimentary canal in the embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles, and it is important in the formation of the umbilical cord and placenta in mammals. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000738", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/allantois"} property_value: homology_notes "Structures homologous to the four extraembryonic membranes of reptiles and birds appear in mammals: amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000738", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.187", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004341 name: primitive streak def: "The primitive streak is a structure that forms during the early stages of avian, reptilian and mammalian embryonic development[WP]. the midline ridge of the embryonic epiblast that later develops into mesoderm and endoderm[MP]" [MP:0002231, Wikipedia:Primitive_streak] comment: AO notes: VHOG includes a very broad grouping here based on PMID:9609826 subset: early_development synonym: "primitive streak - blastopore - germ ring" EXACT [VHOG:0001202] xref: EHDAA2:0001525 xref: EHDAA:185 xref: EMAPA:16072 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Gray13.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Gray13.png/200px-Gray13.png xref: ncithesaurus:Primitive_Streak xref: SCTID:361438007 xref: VHOG:0001202 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007497 ! developing epithelial placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008780 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:40674", source="ISBN:9780878932504"} ! inner cell mass derived epiblast relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 {source="EHDAA2"} ! embryo property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:32443 property_value: homology_notes " (...) the blastopore equivalent of chordates (germ ring in fish, marginal zone/blastopore lip in frog and node/primitive streak in chick and mouse) (...) (reference 1); Indeed, the primitive streak has been considered the homologue of the blastopore since the 1870s (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001202", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:9609826 Wu LH, Lengyel JA, Role of caudal in hindgut specification and gastrulation suggests homology between Drosophila amnioproctodeal invagination and vertebrate blastopore. Development (1998), ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.139", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004344 name: cardinal vein def: "any of the four veins in the developing vertebrate embryo which run along each side of the vertebral column" [MP:0004783] xref: AAO:0011022 xref: BTO:0004385 xref: EHDAA2:0000213 xref: EHDAA:1310 xref: EMAPA:16354 xref: ncithesaurus:Cardinal_Vein xref: SCTID:362860004 xref: VHOG:0001197 xref: XAO:0000052 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue property_value: homology_notes "In primitive vertebrates, the basic early embryonic pattern is retained, and blood from anterior and posterior systemic tissues is returned in anterior and posterior cardinal veins, both pairs of veins uniting in common cardinal veins near the heart. In derived vertebrates, the cardinals appear but usually persist only in the embryo, being functionally replaced by alternative adult vessels, the precava and postcava (anterior and posterior venae cavae).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001197", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.462", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004345 name: trophectoderm def: "outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition" [MP:0005028] comment: Editor notes: distinction between trophectoderm and trophoblast unclear/inconsistent in many sources. AO notes: BTO has this has part of the trophoblast subset: early_development xref: BTO:0001840 xref: EHDAA2:0002091 xref: EHDAA:56 xref: EMAPA:16046 xref: VHOG:0000979 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010303 ! extraembryonic epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000085 {source="EHDAA2"} ! morula relationship: part_of UBERON:0005631 {source="EHDAA2"} ! extraembryonic membrane property_value: external_definition "The outer cellular layer of the mammalian blastocyst. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.750, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000979", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) the trophoblast develops rapidly so that contact may be made with the maternal uterine tissues when conditions are appropriate. We have here an excellent example of an embryonic adaptation, the development of a structure never present in either adult or embryo of 'lower' vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000979", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0721676685 Romer AS, Parsons TS, Vertebrate body (1977) p.105-106", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004346 name: gubernaculum alt_id: UBERON:0000452 def: "embryonic structures which begin as undifferentiated mesenchyme attaching to the caudal end of the gonads. The gubernaculum is present only during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs, being replaced by distinct vestiges in males and females[WP]. Enitoinguinal ligaments that, in the male, connect the fetal testis to the developing scrotum, and, in the female, connect the ovaries to the uterus[MP]" [MP:0005149, Wikipedia:Gubernaculum] comment: WP def is male/female, split term? EMAP is male-specific. vestigial adult in FMA. TODO synonym: "caudal suspensory ligament" RELATED [EMAPA:19089] synonym: "Gabernaculum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gubernaculum] synonym: "gubernaculum testis" NARROW [] synonym: "Hunter's gubernaculum" RELATED [BTO:0002813] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Gray1138.png xref: ncithesaurus:Gubernaculum_Testis is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0006590 {source="FMA"} ! vestigial embryonic structure relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000991 ! gonad relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 {source="Wikipedia"} ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000323 {source="BTO"} ! late embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum [Term] id: UBERON:0004347 name: limb bud def: "An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb. The limb bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]." [ISBN:9780878932504, MP:0005650, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Limb_bud] comment: induced_by Fgf10, capable of initiating limb forming interactions between endoderm and mesoderm synonym: "gemmae membrorum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Limb_bud] synonym: "limb buds" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "limbbud" EXACT [GO:0060174] xref: AAO:0010375 xref: BTO:0001640 xref: GAID:1307 xref: MESH:A.16.254.462 xref: ncithesaurus:Limb_Bud xref: XAO:0003161 is_a: UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005733 ! limb field relationship: induced_by UBERON:0003081 {source="ISBN:9780878932504"} ! lateral plate mesoderm property_value: external_definition "Early outgrowth of presumptive limb.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010375", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004348 name: optic eminence def: "the embryonic structure that gives rise to the corneal ectoderm" [MP:0006305] xref: EHDAA:938 xref: EMAPA:16322 xref: EMAPA:17003 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001308 xref: VHOG:0001296 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000964 ! cornea [Term] id: UBERON:0004353 name: female inguinal canal def: "An inguinal canal that is part of a female organism. Conveys the round ligament + the ilioinguinal nerve.[WP,unvetted]." [MP:0008015, Wikipedia:Inguinal_canal#Contents] comment: AO notes: in MP, this is implicitly part of female reproductive system, but not female genitalia xref: EMAPA:19171 is_a: UBERON:0003702 ! inguinal canal is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 intersection_of: UBERON:0003702 ! inguinal canal intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0004354 name: male inguinal canal def: "An inguinal canal that is part of a male organism. Conveys the spermatic cord and its coverings + the ilioinguinal nerve.[WP,unvetted]." [MP:0008016, Wikipedia:Inguinal_canal#Contents] comment: AO notes: in MP, this is implicitly part of male reproductive system, but not male genitalia xref: EMAPA:26913 is_a: UBERON:0003702 ! inguinal canal is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 intersection_of: UBERON:0003702 ! inguinal canal intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0004355 name: podocyte foot process def: "the footlike extension of podocytes that interdigitate with one another to form the walls of the glomerular capillaries" [MP:0008059] comment: TODO - submit to GO is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0004356 name: apical ectodermal ridge def: "multilayered ectodermal region at the distal tip of a limb bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme[MP]. Along with the zone of polarizing activity, it is a crucial organizing region during limb development[WP]." [MP:0001676, Wikipedia:Apical_ectodermal_ridge] comment: Functions: maintaining mesenchyme in plastic proliferating state; maintaining expression of A-P axis genes; interacting with D-V proteins. Genes: AER induced by Fgf10 in mesenchyme. AER secretes Fgf8, which stimulates mitosis in the mesenchyme causing Fgf10 production - positive feedback loop synonym: "AER" RELATED [MP:0001676] synonym: "crista ectodermalis apicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Apical_ectodermal_ridge] xref: AAO:0010760 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Limbbuddiagram.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Apical_Ectodermal_Ridge xref: TAO:0002146 xref: XAO:0004121 xref: ZFA:0001702 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: induced_by UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass proliferative region (TAO:0000098)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002146", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Distal ectodermal thickening which forms along the anterior-posterior limb axis. Signaling from this region influences proximal-distal patterning of the limb. Structure is missing in some lineages (salamanders, Eleutherodactylus coqui) however morphologically their indistinct distal ectoderm may still be involved in signaling.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010760", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Proliferative region that is part of the developing fin fold or fin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002146", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004357 name: limb/fin bud def: "An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb or paired fin. The limb/fin bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]." [ISBN:9780878932504, MP:0005650, UBERON:cjm] comment: Genes: In limb buds of chick and mouse, Shh expression is activated as soon as there is a morphological bud, whereas in S. canicula fin buds, consistent with reported data in other cartilaginous fishes, Shh is transcribed late in fin development[PMID:17187056] synonym: "limb - fin bud" EXACT [VHOG:0001258] synonym: "paired appendage bud" EXACT [] xref: VHOG:0001258 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005732 ! limb/fin field relationship: has_part UBERON:0004356 ! apical ectodermal ridge relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod limb is derived from a posterior part of the fin endoskeleton of elasmobranchs and basal bony fish, the so-called metapterygium, a series of endoskeletal elements that is the first to form in the developing paired fins. (...) In addition, there is an independent endoskeletal element called the protopterygium that develops anterior to the metapterygium in many basal fishes (e.g., the bichir and sturgeon). Teleosts have lost the metapterygium whereas the sarcopterygians, on the other hand, have lost the protopterygium. Sarcopterygians thus develop all their endoskeletal structures from the metapterygium and consequently the tetrapod limb skeleton is derived from the metapterygium.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001258", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/jez.1100 Wagner GP, Chiu C, The tetrapod limb: A hypothesis on its origin. J Exp Zool (Mol Dev Evol) (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004358 name: caput epididymis def: "the head of the epididymis" [MP:0002660] comment: Structure notes: The head of the epididymis receives spermatozoa via the efferent ducts of the mediastinum of the testis. It is characterized histologically by a thin myoepithelium. The concentration of the sperm here is dilute[WP] synonym: "caput" BROAD [MP:0002660] synonym: "caput epididymidis" RELATED [BTO:0000336] synonym: "epididymal head" EXACT [FMA:18259] synonym: "epididymis head" EXACT [FMA:18259] synonym: "epidymis head" EXACT [FMA:18259] synonym: "head of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:18259] synonym: "head of epidymis " EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000336 xref: EMAPA:19291 xref: FMA:18259 xref: MA:0002762 xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Epididymis xref: SCTID:362282002 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0004359 name: corpus epididymis def: "the body of the epididymis" [MP:0002661] synonym: "body of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:18260] synonym: "body of epididymis " EXACT [FMA:18260] synonym: "body of epidymis " EXACT [] synonym: "corpus epididymidis" RELATED [BTO:0000209] synonym: "epididymal body" EXACT [FMA:18260] synonym: "epididymis body" EXACT [FMA:18260] synonym: "epidymis body" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000209 xref: EMAPA:19293 xref: FMA:18260 xref: MA:0002764 xref: ncithesaurus:Body_of_the_Epididymis xref: SCTID:279620001 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0004360 name: cauda epididymis def: "the tail of the epididymis" [MP:0002662] comment: Structure notes: This has a thicker myoepithelium than the head region, as it is involved in absorbing fluid to make the sperm more concentrated.[WP] synonym: "cauda epididymidis" EXACT [BTO:0000210] synonym: "corpus" BROAD [MP:0002662] synonym: "epididymal cauda" EXACT [BTO:0000210] synonym: "epididymal tail" EXACT [FMA:18261] synonym: "epididymis tail" EXACT [FMA:18261] synonym: "epidymis tail" EXACT [] synonym: "tail of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:18261] synonym: "tail of epididymis " EXACT [FMA:18261] synonym: "tail of epidymis " EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000210 xref: EMAPA:19292 xref: FMA:18261 xref: MA:0002763 xref: ncithesaurus:Tail_of_the_Epididymis xref: SCTID:279621002 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0004361 name: stylohyoid ligament def: "the fibrous cord that connects the tip of the styloid process of the temporal bone to the lesser horn of the hyoid bone" [MP:0009918, Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum stylohyoideum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum stylohyoideus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_ligament] synonym: "stylo-hyoid ligament" EXACT [MA:0002957] xref: FMA:72308 xref: MA:0002957 xref: SCTID:66275001 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008846 {source="FMA"} ! skeletal ligament is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: connects UBERON:0003960 {source="Wikipedia"} ! styloid process of temporal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0003998 {source="Wikipedia"} ! hyoid bone lesser horn relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004368 {source="MP-implied-by-def"} ! Reichert's cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0004362 name: pharyngeal arch 1 def: "First of six branchial arches that develops in fetal life during the fourth week of development.[1] It is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove." [Wikipedia:First_pharyngeal_arch] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "1st arch" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000006] synonym: "1st pharyngeal arch" EXACT [] synonym: "1st visceral arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000296] synonym: "arcus pharyngeus primus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:First_pharyngeal_arch] synonym: "branchial arch 1" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "first branchial arch" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "first pharyngeal arch" EXACT [] synonym: "first visceral arch" EXACT SENSU [] synonym: "mandibular arch" EXACT [] synonym: "visceral arch 1" EXACT SENSU [] xref: AAO:0010364 xref: EHDAA2:0000006 xref: EHDAA:573 xref: EMAPA:16118 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray48.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray48.png/200px-Gray48.png xref: ncithesaurus:First_Pharyngeal_Arch xref: SCTID:308767008 xref: TAO:0001595 xref: VHOG:0000296 xref: XAO:0000097 xref: ZFA:0001612 is_a: UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch property_value: external_definition "The first of the series of bony or cartilaginous arches that develop in the walls of the mouth cavity and pharynx of the embryo.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010364", ontology="AAO", source="XAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000296", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M and Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004363 name: aortic arch alt_id: UBERON:0004342 def: "One of a series of paired embryological vascular structures which give rise to several major arteries." [MP:0002672, Wikipedia:Aortic_arches] comment: Usage notes: Do not confuse with arch of aorta. Editor notes: add specific artery derivatives. Development notes: The third, fourth, and sixth arches, along with the seventh intersegmental arteries and the left dorsal aorta, are the primary contributors to the normal aortic arch and its major thoracic branches. Taxon notes: Number varies - Lampreys have 8, hagfishes 15; only up to 6 appear in embryonic development in most gnathostome fishes and all tetrapods subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "aa. arcuum pharyngeorum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aortic_arches] synonym: "aortic arches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005004] synonym: "branchial aortic arches " EXACT PLURAL [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-080512-6] synonym: "branchial arch artery" EXACT [EMAPA:16684] synonym: "embryonic aortic arch artery" EXACT [EMAPA:16684, MP:0002672] synonym: "pharyngeal arch artery" RELATED [VHOG:0000122] xref: AAO:0010414 xref: EFO:0003695 xref: EHDAA2:0000186 xref: EHDAA:398 xref: EHDAA:7327 xref: EMAPA:16684 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Gray473.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Gray473.png/200px-Gray473.png xref: ncithesaurus:Aortic_Arch xref: TAO:0005004 xref: VHOG:0000122 xref: XAO:0000341 xref: ZFA:0005004 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003351 ! pharyngeal epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003469 ! respiratory system artery is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007497 ! developing epithelial placode is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0007303 {source="ZFA"} ! pharyngeal vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system property_value: external_definition "Paired vessels arching from the ventral to the dorsal aorta through the pharyngeal arches. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000122", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aortic+arches"} property_value: homology_notes "When vertebrates first appeared, they must have possessed a ventral and dorsal aorta with aortic arches between them.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000122", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004364 name: ectoplacental cone def: "thickened trophoblast of the blastocyst in rodents that becomes the fetal portion of the placenta" [MP:0001717, PMID:19829370] comment: Development notes: derivative of the early postimplantation trophoblast, which probably gives rise to the spongiotrophoblast.[PMID:19829370] xref: BTO:0001715 xref: EMAPA:16059 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000088 ! trophoblast relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0004365 name: vitelline blood vessel def: "blood vesself of the yolk sac." [MP:0001719] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010303 ! extraembryonic epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0004366 name: extraembryonic ectoderm def: "layer of the endoderm of the extraembryonic tissue." [MP:0002583] comment: Editor note: we make the germ layer relationship develops_from, as currently the germ layers are declared to be purely embryonic. TODO - check. WP:Amnion - In the human embryo the earliest stages of the formation of the amnion have not been observed; in the youngest embryo which has been studied the amnion was already present as a closed sac, and appears in the inner cell-mass as a cavity. This cavity is roofed in by a single stratum of flattened, ectodermal cells, the amniotic ectoderm, and its floor consists of the prismatic ectoderm of the embryonic disk—the continuity between the roof and floor being established at the margin of the embryonic disk. Outside the amniotic ectoderm is a thin layer of mesoderm, which is continuous with that of the somatopleure and is connected by the body-stalk with the mesodermal lining of the chorion. xref: EMAPA:16065 xref: EMAPA:16077 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004367 name: Descemet's membrane def: "transparent homogeneous acellular layer found between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea[MP]. The strong, resistant, thin, noncellular fourth layer of the cornea, located between the endothelium (from which it is secreted) and the stroma. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)." [MP:0004285] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "Descemet membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "Descemet's posterior elastic lamina" EXACT [FMA:58309] synonym: "lamina limitans posterior" EXACT [FMA:58309] synonym: "posterior limiting lamina" EXACT [MA:0001246] synonym: "posterior limiting lamina " EXACT [MA:0001246] synonym: "posterior limiting lamina of cornea" EXACT [FMA:58309] synonym: "posterior limiting lamina of cornea " EXACT [FMA:58309] xref: EMAPA:18804 xref: FMA:58309 xref: GAID:894 xref: MA:0001246 xref: MESH:A.09.371.060.217.271 xref: ncithesaurus:Descemet_s_Membrane xref: SCTID:281076002 xref: TAO:0002157 xref: ZFA:0001686 is_a: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001985 ! corneal endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is the innermost layer of the cornea and consists of a monolayer of ploygonal cells.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002157", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061010-3"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004368 name: Reichert's cartilage def: "a continuous cartilaginous formation in mesenchyme of the second pharyngeal arch in the embryo. The longer cranial or styloid segment is continuous with the otic capsule; its inferior end is angulated and is situated very close to the oropharynx. The smaller caudal segment is in contact with the body and greater horn of the hyoid cartilaginous structure" [doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00524.x, MP:0004916] comment: AO notes: in EHDAA2 this also develops from 3rd arch Mes from NC. Development notes: Classically defined as: a structure... develop the stapes, the styloid processes, the stylohyoid ligaments, and the lesser cornua of the hyoid bone; its proximal end gives rise to the stylohyoid ligament. Relationship to stapes disputed. synonym: "hyaloid cartilage" EXACT [MP:0004916] synonym: "hyoid cartilage" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000793] synonym: "Reichert cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "second branchial arch cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "second pharyngeal arch cartilage" EXACT [MP:0004916] xref: EHDAA2:0000793 xref: EMAPA:17622 is_a: UBERON:0003406 ! cartilage of respiratory system is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010354 ! Reichert's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 {source="EHDAA2"} ! upper respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004369 name: Reichert's membrane def: "a thick multilayered basement membrane between the parietal endoderm cells and the trophoblast cells" [DOI:10.1007/BF00184752] xref: EMAPA:16057 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000088 ! trophoblast relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004370 name: anterior limiting lamina of cornea subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior limiting lamina" EXACT [MA:0001240] synonym: "anterior limiting lamina of cornea" EXACT [FMA:58273] synonym: "Bowman's anterior elastic lamina" EXACT [FMA:58273] synonym: "Bowman's layer" EXACT [FMA:58273] synonym: "Bowman's membrane" EXACT [FMA:58273] synonym: "lamina limitans anterior (cornea)" EXACT [FMA:58273] synonym: "Reichert's membrane" RELATED DUBIOUS [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=2956371&group_id=76834&atid=974957] xref: EMAPA:16057 xref: FMA:58273 xref: MA:0001240 xref: ncithesaurus:Bowman_s_Membrane xref: SCTID:281075003 xref: TAO:0002155 xref: ZFA:0001684 is_a: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea property_value: external_definition "Acellular anatomical structure that is the zone of collagen fibers adjacent the basement membrane of the corneal epithelium.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002155", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061010-3"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004374 name: vitelline vasculature def: "vasculature of the yolk sac." [MP:0001719] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006876 ! vasculature of organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0004375 name: bone of free limb or fin def: "A bone that is part of an appendage [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "appendage bone" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of appendage" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of free segment of appendicular skeleton" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0010740 ! bone of appendage girdle complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin [Term] id: UBERON:0004376 name: fin bone def: "A bone that is part of a fin [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bone of fin" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0008897 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008897 ! fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0008897 ! fin [Term] id: UBERON:0004377 name: distal metaphysis synonym: "distal diaphyseal end of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32824] xref: FMA:32824 is_a: UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis relationship: in_distal_side_of UBERON:0004769 intersection_of: UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis intersection_of: in_distal_side_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis relationship: in_distal_side_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0004378 name: proximal metaphysis synonym: "proximal diaphyseal end of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32823] xref: FMA:32823 is_a: UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis relationship: in_proximal_side_of UBERON:0004769 intersection_of: UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis intersection_of: in_proximal_side_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis relationship: in_proximal_side_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0004379 name: distal epiphysis synonym: "distal end of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32822] xref: FMA:32822 xref: SCTID:279999006 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004377 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0004377 ! distal metaphysis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004377 ! distal metaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0004380 name: proximal epiphysis synonym: "proximal end of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32821] xref: FMA:32821 xref: SCTID:279998003 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004378 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0004378 ! proximal metaphysis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004378 ! proximal metaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0004381 name: skeleton of limb def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Note that EHDAA2 considers hip and shoulder joints part of limb skeleton. synonym: "free limb skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0000300] synonym: "limb skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002221] synonym: "set of bones of limb" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0002221 xref: VSAO:0000300 is_a: UBERON:0010712 ! limb skeleton subdivision is_a: UBERON:0011582 ! skeleton of limb/fin relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision that is part of the limb.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000300", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004382 name: epiphysis of humerus def: "An epiphysis that is part of a humerus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "humeral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:32825 xref: SCTID:313054009 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0004383 name: epiphysis of tibia def: "An epiphysis that is part of a tibia [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tibial epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33112] xref: FMA:33112 xref: SCTID:314626006 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0004384 name: epiphysis of femur def: "An epiphysis that is part of a femur [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "femoral epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:32838] xref: FMA:32838 xref: SCTID:314625005 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:0004385 name: epiphysis of radius def: "An epiphysis that is part of a radius [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "radial epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33770] xref: FMA:33770 xref: SCTID:313055005 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004386 name: epiphysis of ulna def: "An epiphysis that is part of an ulna [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ulnar epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33748] xref: FMA:33748 xref: SCTID:313056006 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0004387 name: epiphysis of phalanx of manus def: "An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of a manus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: FMA:240707 xref: SCTID:314620000 is_a: UBERON:0004446 ! epiphysis of phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001436 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004388 name: epiphysis of fibula def: "An epiphysis that is part of a fibula [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fibula epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33726] xref: FMA:33726 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001446 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula [Term] id: UBERON:0004389 name: epiphysis of metatarsal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of metatarsal" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33814] synonym: "metatarsal epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:33814 xref: SCTID:313057002 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011973 ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001448 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004390 name: epiphysis of metacarpal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of metacarpal" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33792] synonym: "metacarpal epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:33792 xref: SCTID:314907001 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002374 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004391 name: epiphysis of first metacarpal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33793] synonym: "metacarpal 1 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:33793 is_a: UBERON:0004390 ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003645 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004392 name: epiphysis of second metacarpal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal 2 epiphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "second metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33794] xref: FMA:33794 is_a: UBERON:0004390 ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003646 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004393 name: epiphysis of third metacarpal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metacarpal 3 epiphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "third metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86328] xref: FMA:86328 is_a: UBERON:0004390 ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003647 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004394 name: epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86329] synonym: "metacarpal 4 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86329 is_a: UBERON:0004390 ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003648 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004395 name: epiphysis of first metatarsal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33815] synonym: "metatarsal 1 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:33815 is_a: UBERON:0004389 ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003650 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004396 name: epiphysis of second metatarsal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 2 epiphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "second metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:33816] xref: FMA:33816 is_a: UBERON:0004389 ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003651 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004397 name: epiphysis of third metatarsal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "metatarsal 3 epiphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "third metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86313] xref: FMA:86313 is_a: UBERON:0004389 ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003652 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004398 name: epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86314] synonym: "metatarsal 4 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86314 is_a: UBERON:0004389 ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003653 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004399 name: epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone def: "An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fifth metatarsal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86315] synonym: "metatarsal 5 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86315 is_a: UBERON:0004389 ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003654 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004400 name: bone tissue of epiphysis def: "A portion of bone tissue that is part of a epiphysis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:241364 is_a: UBERON:0005808 ! bone tissue of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001437 intersection_of: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0004401 name: bone tissue of distal epiphysis def: "A portion of bone tissue that is part of a distal epiphysis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:241374 is_a: UBERON:0004400 ! bone tissue of epiphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004379 intersection_of: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0004402 name: bone tissue of proximal epiphysis def: "A portion of bone tissue that is part of a proximal epiphysis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:241372 is_a: UBERON:0004400 ! bone tissue of epiphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004380 intersection_of: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0004403 name: periosteum of epiphysis def: "A periosteum that is part of a epiphysis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis periosteum" EXACT [FMA:32687] xref: FMA:32687 is_a: UBERON:0002515 ! periosteum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001437 intersection_of: UBERON:0002515 ! periosteum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0004404 name: distal epiphysis of humerus def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a humerus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:32826] synonym: "lower end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:32826] xref: FMA:32826 xref: SCTID:310655007 is_a: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004382 ! epiphysis of humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 intersection_of: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0004405 name: distal epiphysis of tibia def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a tibia [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33116] synonym: "lower end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33116] xref: FMA:33116 xref: SCTID:302527001 is_a: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004383 ! epiphysis of tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 intersection_of: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0004406 name: distal epiphysis of femur def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a femur [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal femoral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "distal head of femur" RELATED [AAO:0000893] xref: AAO:0000893 xref: FMA:32844 xref: SCTID:280016000 is_a: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004384 ! epiphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 intersection_of: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur property_value: external_definition "Head of the femur that articulates with the tibia and fibula.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000893", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004407 name: distal epiphysis of radius def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a radius [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal end of radius" EXACT [FMA:33776] synonym: "lower end of radius" EXACT [FMA:33776] xref: FMA:33776 xref: SCTID:280013008 is_a: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004385 ! epiphysis of radius relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 intersection_of: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004408 name: distal epiphysis of ulna def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a ulna [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33754] synonym: "lower end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33754] xref: FMA:33754 xref: SCTID:302521000 is_a: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004386 ! epiphysis of ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 intersection_of: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0004409 name: distal epiphysis of phalanx of manus def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of manus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: FMA:226577 is_a: UBERON:0004387 ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0004448 ! distal epiphysis of phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001436 intersection_of: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004410 name: distal epiphysis of fibula def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a fibula [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "distal end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33732] synonym: "lower end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33732] xref: FMA:33732 xref: SCTID:129111008 is_a: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004388 ! epiphysis of fibula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001446 intersection_of: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula [Term] id: UBERON:0004411 name: proximal epiphysis of humerus def: "The upper extremity of the humerus (proximal humerus) consists of a large rounded head joined to the body by a constricted portion called the neck, and two eminences, the greater and lesser tubercles." [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus] synonym: "head of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus] synonym: "humeral head" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus] synonym: "proximal end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23362] synonym: "proximal humeral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "proximal humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Upper_extremity_of_humerus] synonym: "upper end of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23362] xref: FMA:23362 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Gray207.png xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Humerus xref: SCTID:280028008 is_a: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004382 ! epiphysis of humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0004412 name: proximal epiphysis of femur def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a femur [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal femoral epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:32841 xref: SCTID:244702009 is_a: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004384 ! epiphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:0004413 name: proximal epiphysis of radius def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a radius [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "proximal end of radius" EXACT [FMA:39780] synonym: "proximal radial epiphysis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "upper end of radius" EXACT [FMA:39780] xref: FMA:39780 xref: SCTID:280029000 is_a: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004385 ! epiphysis of radius relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004414 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of manus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:226482] synonym: "base of phalanx of finger" EXACT [FMA:226482] synonym: "basis phalangis manus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:226482, FMA:TA] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: FMA:226482 xref: SCTID:272704004 is_a: UBERON:0004387 ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus is_a: UBERON:0004447 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001436 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001436 ! phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004415 name: proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:33817] synonym: "basis ossis metatarsi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:33817, FMA:TA] synonym: "proximal end of metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:33817] synonym: "upper end of metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:33817] xref: FMA:33817 xref: SCTID:119545008 is_a: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004389 ! epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001448 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004416 name: proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:33795] synonym: "basis ossis metacarpi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:33795, FMA:TA] synonym: "metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:33795] synonym: "proximal end of metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:33795] synonym: "upper end of metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:33795] xref: FMA:33795 xref: SCTID:272695001 is_a: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004390 ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002374 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004417 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 1 phalanx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37489] synonym: "base of phalanx of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37489] synonym: "base of phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37489] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37489, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37489 xref: SCTID:272700008 is_a: UBERON:0004414 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003620 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003620 ! manual digit 1 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003620 ! manual digit 1 phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004418 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 2 phalanx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37498] synonym: "base of phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37498] synonym: "base of phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37498] synonym: "base of phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37498] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37498, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2" EXACT [] xref: FMA:37498 xref: SCTID:368307004 is_a: UBERON:0004414 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003636 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003636 ! manual digit 2 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003636 ! manual digit 2 phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004419 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 3 phalanx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37510] synonym: "base of phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37510] synonym: "base of phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37510] synonym: "base of phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37510] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37510, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37510 xref: SCTID:181997000 is_a: UBERON:0004414 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003637 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003637 ! manual digit 3 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003637 ! manual digit 3 phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004420 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 4 phalanx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37522] synonym: "base of phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37522] synonym: "base of phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37522] synonym: "base of phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37522] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4" EXACT [] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37522, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37522 xref: SCTID:368337008 is_a: UBERON:0004414 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003638 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003638 ! manual digit 4 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003638 ! manual digit 4 phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004421 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 5 phalanx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37534] synonym: "basal epiphysis of phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37534] synonym: "base of phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37534] synonym: "base of phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37534] synonym: "base of phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37534] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37534, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5" EXACT [] xref: FMA:37534 xref: SCTID:368351008 is_a: UBERON:0004414 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003639 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003639 ! manual digit 5 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003639 ! manual digit 5 phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004422 name: proximal epiphysis of first metacarpal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of first metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42788] synonym: "first metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42788] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 1" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42788 xref: SCTID:181978000 is_a: UBERON:0004391 ! epiphysis of first metacarpal bone is_a: UBERON:0004416 ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003645 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004423 name: proximal epiphysis of second metacarpal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of second metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42791] synonym: "proximal end of second metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42791] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 2" EXACT [] synonym: "second metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42791] xref: FMA:42791 xref: SCTID:263461004 is_a: UBERON:0004392 ! epiphysis of second metacarpal bone is_a: UBERON:0004416 ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003646 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003646 ! metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004424 name: proximal epiphysis of third metacarpal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of third metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42794] synonym: "proximal end of third metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42794] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 3" EXACT [] synonym: "third metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42794] xref: FMA:42794 xref: SCTID:263465008 is_a: UBERON:0004393 ! epiphysis of third metacarpal bone is_a: UBERON:0004416 ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003647 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003647 ! metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004425 name: proximal epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of fourth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42797] synonym: "fourth metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42797] synonym: "proximal end of fourth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42797] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 4" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42797 xref: SCTID:263469002 is_a: UBERON:0004394 ! epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone is_a: UBERON:0004416 ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003648 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003648 ! metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004426 name: proximal epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of fifth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42800] synonym: "fifth metacarpal bone base" EXACT [FMA:42800] synonym: "proximal end of fifth metacarpal bone" EXACT [FMA:42800] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metacarpal 5" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42800 xref: SCTID:263473004 is_a: UBERON:0004416 ! proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone is_a: UBERON:0011104 ! epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003649 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004427 name: proximal epiphysis of first metatarsal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of first metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42963] synonym: "proximal end of first metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42963] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 1" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42963 xref: SCTID:182124002 is_a: UBERON:0004395 ! epiphysis of first metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0004415 ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003650 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003650 ! metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004428 name: proximal epiphysis of second metatarsal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of second metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42964] synonym: "proximal end of second metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42964] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 2" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42964 xref: SCTID:182130002 is_a: UBERON:0004396 ! epiphysis of second metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0004415 ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003651 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003651 ! metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004429 name: proximal epiphysis of third metatarsal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of third metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42965] synonym: "proximal end of third metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42965] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 3" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42965 xref: SCTID:182135007 is_a: UBERON:0004397 ! epiphysis of third metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0004415 ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003652 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003652 ! metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004430 name: proximal epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of fourth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42966] synonym: "proximal end of fourth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42966] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 4" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42966 xref: SCTID:182140004 is_a: UBERON:0004398 ! epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0004415 ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003653 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004431 name: proximal epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of fifth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42967] synonym: "proximal end of fifth metatarsal bone" EXACT [FMA:42967] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of metatarsal 5" EXACT [] xref: FMA:42967 xref: SCTID:182145009 is_a: UBERON:0004399 ! epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0004415 ! proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003654 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004432 name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 2 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37505] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37505] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37505] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37505] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37505, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37505 xref: SCTID:263445001 is_a: UBERON:0004418 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2 is_a: UBERON:0011979 ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004311 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004311 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004311 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004433 name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 3 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37517] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37517] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37517] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37517, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37517 xref: SCTID:263446000 is_a: UBERON:0004419 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3 is_a: UBERON:0011979 ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004312 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004312 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004312 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004434 name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 4 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37529] synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37529] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37529] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37529] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37529] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37529, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37529 xref: SCTID:263447009 is_a: UBERON:0004420 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4 is_a: UBERON:0011979 ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004313 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004313 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004313 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004435 name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 5 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37541] synonym: "basal epiphysis of distal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37541] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37541] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37541] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37541] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37541, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37541 xref: SCTID:263448004 is_a: UBERON:0004421 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5 is_a: UBERON:0011979 ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004314 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004314 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004314 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004436 name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 2 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37502] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37502] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37502] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37502] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37502, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37502 xref: SCTID:263428006 is_a: UBERON:0004418 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2 is_a: UBERON:0011978 ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004320 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004320 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004320 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004437 name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 3 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37514] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37514] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37514] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37514] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37514, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37514 xref: SCTID:263429003 is_a: UBERON:0004419 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3 is_a: UBERON:0011978 ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004321 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004321 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004321 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004438 name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 4 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37526] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37526] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37526] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37526] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37526] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37526, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37526 xref: SCTID:263430008 is_a: UBERON:0004420 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4 is_a: UBERON:0011978 ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004322 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004322 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004322 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004439 name: proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 5 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37538] synonym: "basal epiphysis of middle phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37538] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37538] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37538] synonym: "base of middle phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37538] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37538, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37538 xref: SCTID:263431007 is_a: UBERON:0004421 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5 is_a: UBERON:0011978 ! epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004323 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004323 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004323 ! middle phalanx of manual digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004440 name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of index finger" EXACT [FMA:37499] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37499] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of second finger" EXACT [FMA:37499] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37499, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37499 xref: SCTID:263412001 is_a: UBERON:0004418 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2 is_a: UBERON:0011977 ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004328 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004441 name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37511] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:37511] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37511] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of third finger" EXACT [FMA:37511] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37511, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37511 xref: SCTID:263413006 is_a: UBERON:0004419 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3 is_a: UBERON:0011977 ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004329 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004442 name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37523] synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37523] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37523] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:37523] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:37523] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37523, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37523 xref: SCTID:263414000 is_a: UBERON:0004420 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4 is_a: UBERON:0011977 ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004330 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004443 name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37535] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:37535] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:37535] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of little finger" EXACT [FMA:37535] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37535, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37535 xref: SCTID:263415004 is_a: UBERON:0004421 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5 is_a: UBERON:0011977 ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004331 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004444 name: proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 1 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "base of distal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37493] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37493, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37493 xref: SCTID:182008001 is_a: UBERON:0004417 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1 is_a: UBERON:0011979 ! epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004337 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004337 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004337 ! distal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004445 name: proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37490] synonym: "base of proximal phalanx of thumb" EXACT [FMA:37490] synonym: "proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:37490, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: FMA:37490 xref: SCTID:181993001 is_a: UBERON:0004417 ! proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1 is_a: UBERON:0011977 ! epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004338 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004446 name: epiphysis of phalanx def: "An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: SCTID:280033007 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003221 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004447 name: proximal epiphysis of phalanx def: "A proximal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004446 ! epiphysis of phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003221 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004448 name: distal epiphysis of phalanx def: "A distal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004446 ! epiphysis of phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003221 intersection_of: UBERON:0004379 ! distal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0004449 name: cerebral artery def: "One of three main pairs of arteries and their branches, which irrigate the cerebrum of the brain." [Wikipedia:Cerebral_artery] xref: AAO:0010493 xref: EHDAA2:0000233 xref: EHDAA:5294 xref: EMAPA:18613 xref: GAID:484 xref: MA:0002562 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.228 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebral_Artery xref: SCTID:181308008 xref: XAO:0000367 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0003709 ! circle of Willis property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of internal carotid (AAO:0010219)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010493", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the internal carotid containing many branches supplying blood to the chorioid plexuses of the brain.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010493", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004450 name: gastric vein xref: AAO:0011046 xref: MA:0002128 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Vein xref: SCTID:281060006 xref: XAO:0000389 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0004451 name: trunk or cervical vertebra def: "A vertebra in the trunk or cervical region. Includes all cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, but excludes caudal vertebra." [UBERONREF:0000006] comment: In humans, there are 24 presacral vertebrae (7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar). AO notes: it's not clear if the XAO class belongs here or below synonym: "presacral vertebra" EXACT [MA:0002869] xref: MA:0002869 xref: XAO:0003077 is_a: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra union_of: UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra union_of: UBERON:0011677 ! trunk vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0004452 name: carpal region alt_id: UBERON:0001462 def: "A mesopodium that is part of a manus. Includes as parts the carpal skeleton and associated tissues[cjm]. The anatomical region surrounding the carpus including the distal parts of the bones of the forearm and the proximal parts of the metacarpus or five metacarpal bones and the series of joints between these bones, thus referred to as wrist joints. This region also include the carpal tunnel, the anatomical snuff box, the flexor retinaculum, and the extensor retinaculum[WP,unvetted]" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Wrist] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "articulatio radiocarpea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Wrist] synonym: "carpal limb segment" EXACT [] synonym: "carpal segment" EXACT [] synonym: "carpus" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "fore basipodium" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "fore mesopodium" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "hand mesopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "manus mesopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "regio carpalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:24922, FMA:TA] synonym: "wrist" EXACT [MA:0000039] synonym: "wrist region" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000218 xref: EHDAA:5196 xref: EMAPA:19122 xref: FMA:24922 xref: GAID:59 xref: galen:Wrist xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Hand_parts.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Human_wrist.png/200px-Human_wrist.png xref: MA:0000039 xref: MESH:A.01.378.800.667.715 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjncpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361289009 is_a: UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region is_a: UBERON:0008785 {source="FMA"} ! upper limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004453 name: metacarpus region comment: Editor notes: Note that along with FMA we treat this as a limb segment rather than a purely skeletal element. AO notes: Note that mammalian and non-mammalian AOs differ in whether they consider this a part of the skeleton synonym: "distal segment of hand proper" EXACT [FMA:24925] synonym: "metacarpal part of hand" EXACT [FMA:24925] synonym: "metacarpal part of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpal region" EXACT [FMA:24925] synonym: "metacarpus" EXACT [MA:0000042] xref: FMA:24925 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg/200px-Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg.png xref: MA:0000042 is_a: UBERON:0005451 {source="FMA"} ! segment of manus is_a: UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004454 name: tarsal region alt_id: UBERON:0002388 def: "mesopodial segment of the pes, including the tarsal skeleton and associated tissues." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Ankle] comment: note that this term refers to the limb segment. See also: tarsal bones and tarsal skeleton. AO notes: MA has both tarsus (part of foot, has tarsal bone) and ankle (part of hindlimb, has joint, nerve, skin). subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ankle" EXACT [MA:0000043] synonym: "ankle region" EXACT [] synonym: "articulatio talocruralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ankle] synonym: "hind basipodium" RELATED [MA:th] synonym: "hind mesopodium" RELATED [MA:th] synonym: "hock" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Hock_(anatomy)] synonym: "tarsal limb segment" EXACT [] xref: EFO:0001409 xref: EMAPA:19133 xref: FMA:9665 xref: GAID:41 xref: galen:Ankle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/200px-Ankle_en.svg.png xref: MA:0000043 xref: MESH:A.01.378.610.250.149 xref: MESH:A.13.473.821 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi-R5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361292008 is_a: UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region is_a: UBERON:0008784 ! lower limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes disjoint_from: UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004455 name: neurula alt_id: UBERON:0007013 def: "An embryo at the neurula stage." [GOC:cjm] synonym: "neurula embryo" EXACT [BILA:0000061] xref: BILA:0000061 xref: BTO:0001766 xref: ncithesaurus:Neurula is_a: UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000110 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000110 ! neurula stage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004734 ! gastrula relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000110 ! neurula stage [Term] id: UBERON:0004456 name: entire sense organ system def: "Sum of all sensory systems in an organism." [] comment: note the distinct between entire sensory system and individual system. this reconciles is_a and part_of distinctions between ssAOs subset: uberon_slim synonym: "sense organ system" EXACT [FMA:78499] xref: FMA:78499 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004457 name: cavity lining comment: Editor notes: consider merging with serous membrane. AO notes: in MA this groups pericardium, pleura and periotoneal cavity lining xref: MA:0002448 is_a: UBERON:0004458 {notes="pre inferred via union_of"} ! body cavity or lining is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer [Term] id: UBERON:0004458 name: body cavity or lining comment: Note that this class may be merged into another in future xref: EMAPA:16060 xref: MA:0000005 is_a: UBERON:0001062 ! anatomical entity union_of: UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen union_of: UBERON:0004457 ! cavity lining [Term] id: UBERON:0004461 name: musculature of head def: "A musculature that is part of a head [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "head musculature" EXACT [FMA:71287] synonym: "muscle group of head" EXACT [FMA:71287] synonym: "muscles of head" EXACT [FMA:71287] synonym: "musculi capitis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71287, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of muscles of head" EXACT [FMA:71287] xref: FMA:71287 is_a: UBERON:0008229 ! craniocervical region musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0004462 name: musculature of body wall def: "A musculature that is part of a body wall [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "body wall muscles" RELATED [] synonym: "body wall musculature" EXACT [FMA:86931] xref: FMA:86931 is_a: UBERON:0004479 ! musculature of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000309 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000309 ! body wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0000309 ! body wall [Term] id: UBERON:0004463 name: musculature of hindlimb stylopod def: "A musculature that is part of a hindlimb stylopod (upper leg / thigh)[Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle group of thigh" EXACT [FMA:50208] synonym: "musculature of thigh" EXACT [FMA:50208] synonym: "set of muscles of thigh" EXACT [FMA:50208] synonym: "thigh musculature" EXACT [FMA:50208] xref: FMA:50208 is_a: UBERON:0004466 ! musculature of leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004464 name: musculature of thorax def: "A musculature that is part of a thorax [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: note BTO and FMA do not mean precisely the same thing here synonym: "muscle group of thorax" EXACT [FMA:71293] synonym: "muscles of thorax" EXACT [FMA:71293] synonym: "musculi thoracis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71293, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of muscles of thorax" EXACT [FMA:71293] synonym: "thoracic musculature" EXACT [FMA:71293] xref: BTO:0000508 xref: FMA:71293 is_a: UBERON:0004479 ! musculature of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0004465 name: musculature of neck def: "A musculature that is part of a neck [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervical muscles" EXACT [AAO:0000091] synonym: "muscle group of neck" EXACT [FMA:71290] synonym: "muscles of neck" EXACT [FMA:71290] synonym: "musculi cervicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71290, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculi colli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71290, FMA:TA] synonym: "neck musculature" EXACT [FMA:71290] synonym: "set of muscles of neck" EXACT [FMA:71290] xref: AAO:0000091 xref: FMA:71290 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.650 is_a: UBERON:0008229 ! craniocervical region musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0004466 name: musculature of leg alt_id: UBERON:0005632 def: "A musculature that is part of a lower leg or upper leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: see notes on UBERON:0000978 for possible confusion over the term 'leg'. This class represents the class-union of upper leg musculature and lower leg musculature (and thus may not mean precisely the same thing as the EHDAA2 class) synonym: "leg muscle system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000973] xref: EHDAA2:0000973 is_a: UBERON:0004482 ! musculature of lower limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0004467 name: musculature of pharynx def: "A musculature that is part of a pharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: See comments for 'pharyngeal muscle' subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pharyngeal musculature" EXACT [TAO:0001307] synonym: "set of muscles of pharynx" RELATED [FMA:264609] xref: FMA:264609 xref: TAO:0001307 xref: ZFA:0001307 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0004468 name: set of muscles of vertebral column def: "A musculature that is part of a vertebral column [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle group of vertebral column" EXACT [FMA:33061] xref: FMA:33061 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0004469 name: musculature of back def: "A musculature that is part of a back [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle group of back" EXACT [FMA:71291] synonym: "muscles of back" EXACT [FMA:71291] synonym: "musculi dorsi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71291, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of muscles of back" EXACT [FMA:71291] xref: FMA:71291 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum [Term] id: UBERON:0004470 name: musculature of pelvic girdle alt_id: UBERON:0005633 def: "A musculature that is part of a pelvic girdle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle group of pelvic girdle" EXACT [FMA:50205] synonym: "pelvic girdle muscle system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001429] synonym: "pelvic girdle muscles" EXACT [AAO:0000427] synonym: "pelvic girdle musculature" EXACT [FMA:50205] synonym: "set of muscles of pelvic girdle" EXACT [FMA:50205] xref: AAO:0000427 xref: EHDAA2:0001429 xref: FMA:50205 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region [Term] id: UBERON:0004471 name: musculature of pectoral girdle def: "A subdivision of the musculature of the body in the pectoral girdle region. Includes pectoral and shoulder muscles." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "muscle group of pectoral girdle" EXACT [FMA:33519] synonym: "pectoral girdle muscles" EXACT [AAO:0000423] synonym: "pectoral girdle musculature" EXACT [FMA:33519] synonym: "set of muscles of pectoral girdle" EXACT [FMA:33519] xref: AAO:0000423 xref: FMA:33519 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region [Term] id: UBERON:0004472 name: musculature of chest def: "A musculature that is part of a chest [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chest musculature" EXACT [FMA:74779] synonym: "set of muscles of chest" EXACT [FMA:74779] xref: FMA:74779 is_a: UBERON:0004464 ! musculature of thorax relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0004473 name: musculature of face comment: originally created to reflect the distinction drawn in FMA between a facial muscle and the entire musculature of the face. However, naming both does not serve any particular purpose synonym: "entire facial musculature" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "facial muscles" EXACT [FMA:71288] synonym: "muscle group of face" EXACT [FMA:71288] synonym: "musculi faciei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71288, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of facial muscles" RELATED [FMA:71288] synonym: "set of muscles of face" RELATED [FMA:71288] xref: FMA:71288 is_a: UBERON:0004461 ! musculature of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0004474 name: musculature of arm def: "A musculature that is part of an arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arm musculature" EXACT [FMA:50202] synonym: "muscle group of arm" EXACT [FMA:50202] synonym: "set of muscles of arm" EXACT [FMA:50202] xref: FMA:50202 is_a: UBERON:0004481 ! musculature of upper limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0004475 name: musculature of hip def: "A musculature that is part of a hip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hip musculature" EXACT [FMA:50227] synonym: "muscle group of hip" EXACT [FMA:50227] synonym: "set of muscles of hip" EXACT [FMA:50227] xref: FMA:50227 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001464 ! hip [Term] id: UBERON:0004476 name: musculature of shoulder def: "A musculature that is part of a shoulder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle group of shoulder" EXACT [FMA:50220] synonym: "set of muscles of shoulder" EXACT [FMA:50220] xref: FMA:50220 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001467 ! shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0004477 name: Set of muscles of tongue def: "A musculature that is part of a tongue [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle group of tongue" EXACT [FMA:71289] synonym: "muscles of tongue" EXACT [FMA:71289] synonym: "musculi linguae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71289, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:71289 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004461 ! musculature of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0004478 name: musculature of larynx def: "A musculature that is part of a larynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngeal muscles" EXACT [FMA:46616] synonym: "laryngeal muscles set" EXACT [FMA:46616] synonym: "muscle group of larynx" EXACT [FMA:46616] synonym: "set of laryngeal muscles" EXACT [FMA:46616] synonym: "set of muscles of larynx" EXACT [FMA:264611] xref: FMA:264611 xref: FMA:46616 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.500 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0004479 name: musculature of trunk def: "A musculature that is part of a trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle group of trunk" EXACT [FMA:50187] synonym: "set of muscles of trunk" EXACT [FMA:50187] xref: AAO:0011572 xref: EFO:0003531 xref: FMA:50187 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0004480 name: musculature of limb alt_id: UBERON:0005635 def: "A musculature that is part of a limb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "limb muscle system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000995] synonym: "limb musculature" EXACT [FMA:50188] synonym: "muscle group of limb" EXACT [FMA:50188] synonym: "set of muscles of limb" EXACT [FMA:50188] xref: EHDAA2:0000995 xref: FMA:50188 is_a: UBERON:0007271 ! limb/fin musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0004481 name: musculature of upper limb def: "A musculature that is part of a forelimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscles of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:71296] synonym: "musculi membri superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71296, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of muscles of upper limb" EXACT [FMA:71296] synonym: "upper limb musculature" EXACT [FMA:71296] xref: FMA:71296 is_a: UBERON:0004480 ! musculature of limb is_a: UBERON:0007269 ! pectoral appendage musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0004482 name: musculature of lower limb def: "A musculature that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscles of lower limb" EXACT [FMA:71297] synonym: "musculi membri inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71297, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:71297 is_a: UBERON:0004480 ! musculature of limb is_a: UBERON:0007270 ! pelvic appendage musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0004483 name: Set of iliocostalis muscles def: "A musculature that is part of a iliocostalis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "iliocostalis muscle group" EXACT [FMA:33062] synonym: "iliocostalis muscles set" EXACT [FMA:33062] xref: FMA:33062 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002251 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002251 ! iliocostalis muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002251 ! iliocostalis muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004484 name: Set of splenius muscles def: "A musculature that is part of a splenius [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "splenius muscle group" EXACT [FMA:22596] synonym: "splenius muscles set" EXACT [FMA:22596] xref: FMA:22596 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0002252 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002252 ! splenius relationship: part_of UBERON:0002252 ! splenius [Term] id: UBERON:0004485 name: Set of muscles of pelvis def: "A musculature that is part of a pelvis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle group of pelvis" EXACT [FMA:50248] xref: FMA:50248 is_a: UBERON:0004479 ! musculature of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0004486 name: musculature of perineum def: "A musculature that is part of a perineum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "musculi perinei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71295, FMA:TA] synonym: "perineal muscles" EXACT [FMA:71295] synonym: "perineal muscles set" EXACT [FMA:71295] synonym: "set of perineal muscles" EXACT [FMA:71295] xref: EMAPA:18923 xref: FMA:71295 is_a: UBERON:0004479 ! musculature of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum [Term] id: UBERON:0004487 name: musculature of forearm def: "A musculature that is part of a lower arm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle group of forearm" EXACT [FMA:39089] synonym: "set of muscles of forearm" EXACT [FMA:39089] xref: FMA:39089 is_a: UBERON:0004474 ! musculature of arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0004488 name: musculature of pes def: "A musculature that is part of a foot [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foot musculature" EXACT [FMA:50214] synonym: "muscle group of foot" EXACT [FMA:50214] synonym: "musculature of foot" EXACT [FMA:50214] synonym: "set of muscles of foot" EXACT [FMA:50214] xref: FMA:50214 is_a: UBERON:0004482 ! musculature of lower limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0004489 name: musculature of manus def: "A musculature that is part of a manus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hand musculature" EXACT [FMA:42368] synonym: "muscle group of hand" EXACT [FMA:42368] synonym: "musculature of hand" EXACT [FMA:42368] synonym: "set of muscles of hand" EXACT [FMA:42368] xref: FMA:42368 is_a: UBERON:0004481 ! musculature of upper limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0004490 name: cardiac muscle tissue of atrium def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of an atrium [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:7283 is_a: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0004491 name: cardiac muscle tissue of interatrial septum def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a interatrial septum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:84083 is_a: UBERON:0004492 ! cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002085 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004492 name: cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac septum def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a cardiac septum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:226279 is_a: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002099 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004493 name: cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a myocardium [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editors note: Note placement of MA class based on parthood relationship xref: FMA:261726 xref: MA:0002441 is_a: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 {source="MA"} ! myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium [Term] id: UBERON:0004494 name: cardiac muscle tissue of papillary muscle def: "A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a papillary muscle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:84425 is_a: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002494 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002494 ! papillary muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002494 ! papillary muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004495 name: skeletal muscle tissue of diaphragm def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a diaphragm [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261898 is_a: UBERON:0003898 ! skeletal muscle of trunk is_a: UBERON:0004830 ! respiratory system skeletal muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001103 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm [Term] id: UBERON:0004496 name: skeletal muscle tissue of iliacus def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a iliacus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261992 is_a: UBERON:0003271 ! skeletal muscle of pelvic girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001369 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001369 ! iliacus muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001369 ! iliacus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004497 name: skeletal muscle tissue of gluteus maximus def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a gluteus maximus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261980 is_a: UBERON:0003271 ! skeletal muscle of pelvic girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001370 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001370 ! gluteus maximus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001370 ! gluteus maximus [Term] id: UBERON:0004498 name: skeletal muscle tissue of quadriceps femoris def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a quadriceps femoris [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261998 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001377 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001377 ! quadriceps femoris [Term] id: UBERON:0004499 name: skeletal muscle tissue of tibialis anterior def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a tibialis anterior [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:262004 is_a: UBERON:0003270 ! skeletal muscle of leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0001385 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001385 ! tibialis anterior relationship: part_of UBERON:0001385 ! tibialis anterior [Term] id: UBERON:0004500 name: skeletal muscle tissue of deltoid def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a deltoid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261732 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001476 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001476 ! deltoid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001476 ! deltoid [Term] id: UBERON:0004501 name: skeletal muscle tissue of teres major def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a teres major [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261962 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001478 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001478 ! teres major muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001478 ! teres major muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004502 name: skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a biceps brachii [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261974 is_a: UBERON:0003272 ! skeletal muscle of arm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001507 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001507 ! biceps brachii relationship: part_of UBERON:0001507 ! biceps brachii [Term] id: UBERON:0004503 name: skeletal muscle tissue of digastric def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a digastric [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261872 is_a: UBERON:0003899 ! skeletal muscle of head is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001562 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001562 ! digastric muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001562 ! digastric muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004504 name: skeletal muscle tissue of mylohyoid def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a mylohyoid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261878 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001564 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001564 ! mylohyoid muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001564 ! mylohyoid muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004505 name: skeletal muscle tissue of orbicularis oculi def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a orbicularis oculi [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261812 is_a: UBERON:0003269 ! skeletal muscle of eye is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001578 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001578 ! orbicularis oculi relationship: part_of UBERON:0001578 ! orbicularis oculi [Term] id: UBERON:0004506 name: skeletal muscle tissue of masseter def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a masseter [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261824 is_a: UBERON:0003899 ! skeletal muscle of head is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001597 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004507 name: skeletal muscle tissue of temporalis def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a temporalis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261740 is_a: UBERON:0003899 ! skeletal muscle of head is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001598 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001598 ! temporalis muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001598 ! temporalis muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004508 name: skeletal muscle tissue of levator palpebrae superioris def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a levator palpebrae superioris [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261782 is_a: UBERON:0003269 ! skeletal muscle of eye is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001604 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001604 ! levator palpebrae superioris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001604 ! levator palpebrae superioris [Term] id: UBERON:0004509 name: skeletal muscle tissue of trapezius def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a trapezius [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261938 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002380 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002380 ! trapezius relationship: part_of UBERON:0002380 ! trapezius [Term] id: UBERON:0004510 name: skeletal muscle tissue of pectoralis major def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a pectoralis major [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261968 is_a: UBERON:0003898 ! skeletal muscle of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002381 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002381 ! pectoralis major relationship: part_of UBERON:0002381 ! pectoralis major [Term] id: UBERON:0004511 name: skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a rectus abdominis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261924 is_a: UBERON:0003898 ! skeletal muscle of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002382 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002382 ! rectus abdominis muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002382 ! rectus abdominis muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004512 name: skeletal muscle tissue of supraspinatus def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a supraspinatus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261956 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002383 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002383 ! supraspinatus muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002383 ! supraspinatus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004513 name: skeletal muscle tissue of internal intercostal muscle def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a internal intercostal muscle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261888 is_a: UBERON:0003898 ! skeletal muscle of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002403 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002403 ! internal intercostal muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002403 ! internal intercostal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004514 name: skeletal muscle tissue of transversus thoracis def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a transversus thoracis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261892 is_a: UBERON:0003898 ! skeletal muscle of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002404 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002404 ! transversus thoracis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002404 ! transversus thoracis [Term] id: UBERON:0004515 name: smooth muscle tissue of bronchiole def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a bronchiole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [FMA:261081] xref: FMA:261045 xref: FMA:261081 is_a: UBERON:0004242 ! bronchus smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0004516 name: smooth muscle tissue of terminal bronchiole def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a terminal bronchiole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261051 is_a: UBERON:0004515 ! smooth muscle tissue of bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002187 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0004517 name: smooth muscle tissue of respiratory bronchiole def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:261055 is_a: UBERON:0004515 ! smooth muscle tissue of bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002188 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0004518 name: muscle of vertebral column def: "A muscle that is attached to a vertebra of the vertebral column." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "vertebral column muscle" EXACT [FMA:22594] xref: FMA:22594 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002412 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0004519 name: muscle of anal triangle def: "A muscle organ that is part of an anal region [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal triangle muscle" EXACT [FMA:77304] xref: FMA:77304 is_a: UBERON:0002379 ! perineal muscle is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0004520 name: striated muscle tissue of prostate def: "A portion of striated muscle tissue that is part of a prostate gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:45716 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0008715 ! muscle tissue of prostate relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 intersection_of: UBERON:0002036 ! striated muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004521 name: vasculature of muscle organ def: "A vasculature that is part of a muscle organ [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscular organ vasculature" EXACT [FMA:87123] xref: FMA:87123 is_a: UBERON:0004522 ! vasculature of musculoskeletal system is_a: UBERON:0006876 ! vasculature of organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ [Term] id: UBERON:0004522 name: vasculature of musculoskeletal system def: "A vasculature that is part of a musculoskeletal system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:239607 is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0004523 name: papillary muscle of right ventricle def: "A papillary muscle that is part of a right ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004544 xref: FMA:7259 is_a: UBERON:0002494 ! papillary muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 intersection_of: UBERON:0002494 ! papillary muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004524 name: papillary muscle of left ventricle def: "A papillary muscle that is part of a left ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001398 xref: FMA:9352 is_a: UBERON:0002494 ! papillary muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0002494 ! papillary muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004525 name: cardiac muscle tissue of trabecula carnea of right ventricle def: "A portion of trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:84429 is_a: UBERON:0003381 ! cardiac muscle of right ventricle is_a: UBERON:0003452 ! trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 intersection_of: UBERON:0003452 ! trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004526 name: cardiac muscle tissue of trabecula carnea of left ventricle def: "A portion of trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:84430 is_a: UBERON:0003382 ! cardiac muscle of left ventricle is_a: UBERON:0003452 ! trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0003452 ! trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004527 name: alveolar process of maxilla alt_id: UBERON:0001696 def: "thickened ridge of bone that contains the tooth sockets on bones that bear teeth. In humans, the tooth-bearing bones are the maxilla and the mandible. The mineral content of alveolar bone is mostly hydroxyapatite, which is also found in enamel as the main inorganic substance[WP]." [Wikipedia:Alveolar_process] synonym: "alveolar margin of maxilla" EXACT [] synonym: "alveolar part of maxilla" EXACT [] synonym: "alveolar ridge of maxilla" EXACT [] synonym: "lower alveolar ridge" EXACT [] synonym: "maxilla alveolar process" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior alveolar ridge" EXACT [] synonym: "processus alveolaris (maxilla)" EXACT [] xref: FMA:52897 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Gray157.png xref: MA:0001492 xref: SCTID:245795005 is_a: UBERON:0004103 ! alveolar ridge is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002397 intersection_of: UBERON:0004103 ! alveolar ridge intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla relationship: part_of UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla [Term] id: UBERON:0004528 name: alveolar ridge of mandible def: "The alveolar part of mandible is the part of the mandible, adjacent to the teeth, containing the dental alveolus. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Alveolar_part_of_mandible] synonym: "alveolar margin of mandible" EXACT [] synonym: "alveolar part of mandible" EXACT [] synonym: "alveolar process of mandible" EXACT [FMA:52832] synonym: "anterior alveolar ridge" EXACT [] synonym: "pars alveolaris (mandibula)" EXACT [FMA:52832] synonym: "pars alveolaris mandibulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alveolar_part_of_mandible] synonym: "upper alveolar ridge" EXACT [] xref: FMA:52832 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Mandibule.jpg xref: SCTID:245791001 is_a: UBERON:0004103 ! alveolar ridge is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 intersection_of: UBERON:0004103 ! alveolar ridge intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0004529 name: anatomical projection def: "a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body or organ." [Wikipedia:Process_(anatomy)] subset: upper_level synonym: "anatomical process" BROAD [] synonym: "flange" NARROW [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "flanges" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "lamella" NARROW [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "lamellae" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "lamina" NARROW [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "laminae" NARROW [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "organ process" NARROW [] synonym: "process" BROAD [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "process of organ" NARROW [] synonym: "processes" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "projection" EXACT [] synonym: "projection" NARROW [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "projections" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "ridge" NARROW [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "ridges" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "shelf" NARROW [VSAO:0000180] synonym: "shelves" NARROW PLURAL [VSAO:0000180] xref: AAO:0010278 xref: FMA:67601 xref: galen:Ridge xref: HAO:0000822 xref: TAO:0001834 xref: VSAO:0000180 xref: XAO:0004020 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, or tissue.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010278", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001834", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, projection, or appendage. A process can be part of a bone, cartilage, tissue, fin, scale, etc.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000180", ontology="VSAO", source="TAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004530 name: bony projection def: "Anatomical projection that is composed of bone tissue." [VSAO:wd] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bone process" EXACT [FMA:75433] synonym: "projection of bone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:75433 xref: ZFA:0001637 is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 intersection_of: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0004531 name: obsolete left side of organism is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004532 name: obsolete right side of organism is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004533 name: left testicle def: "A testis that is part of a left side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left testis" EXACT [MA:0001746] xref: FMA:7212 xref: MA:0001746 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Testis xref: SCTID:367720001 is_a: UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0000473 ! testis intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0004534 name: right testicle def: "A testis that is part of a right side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right testis" EXACT [MA:0001747] xref: FMA:7211 xref: MA:0001747 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Testis xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjM25wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:367719007 is_a: UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0000473 ! testis intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0004535 name: cardiovascular system def: "Anatomical system that has as its parts the heart and blood vessels." [BTO:0000088] comment: Usage notes: we treat cardiovascular as part of circulatory system, with the latter including other kinds of circulation, including lymph. subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "CV system" RELATED [BTO:0000088] synonym: "Herz und Gefaesssystem" RELATED [BTO:0000088] xref: AAO:0011001 xref: BILA:0000016 xref: BTO:0000088 xref: EFO:0000791 xref: EHDAA2:0000216 xref: EHDAA:394 xref: EMAPA:16104 xref: EMAPA:16370 xref: EV:0100017 xref: FMA:7161 xref: GAID:467 xref: MA:0000010 xref: MAT:0000016 xref: MESH:A.07 xref: MIAA:0000016 xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiovascular_System xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjzG5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:278198007 xref: TAO:0000010 xref: VHOG:0000302 xref: XAO:0000100 xref: XAO:0001010 xref: ZFA:0000010 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system relationship: has_part UBERON:0000948 relationship: has_part UBERON:0001981 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 intersection_of: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0000948 ! heart intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system relationship: has_part UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: has_part UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system property_value: homology_notes "The vessels of the cardiovascular system are as varied as the diverse organs they supply. However, these variations are based on modifications of a fundamental plan of organization common to vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000302", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.451", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004536 name: lymph vasculature def: "A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep." [ZFA:0005105] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lymphatic trunks and ducts" EXACT [FMA:63815] synonym: "lymphatic vasculature" EXACT [] synonym: "lymphatic vessel network" EXACT [] synonym: "lymphatic vessels set" EXACT [FMA:63815] synonym: "set of lymphatic vessels" EXACT [] synonym: "trunci et ductus lymphatici" EXACT LATIN [FMA:63815, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:63815 xref: TAO:0005105 xref: ZFA:0005105 is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature relationship: has_part UBERON:0002391 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0002391 ! lymph relationship: has_part UBERON:0002391 ! lymph relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system property_value: external_definition "A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005105", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004537 name: blood vasculature def: "a vascular network consisting of blood vessels." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "blood vascular network" EXACT [] synonym: "blood vessels" RELATED [TAO:0001079] synonym: "set of blood vessels" EXACT [] xref: TAO:0001079 xref: ZFA:0001079 is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001981 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system [Term] id: UBERON:0004538 name: left kidney def: "A kidney that is part of a left side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:7205 xref: MA:0001655 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Kidney xref: SCTID:362209008 is_a: UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0002113 ! kidney intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0004539 name: right kidney def: "A kidney that is part of a right side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:7204 xref: MA:0001683 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Kidney xref: SCTID:362208000 is_a: UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0002113 ! kidney intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0004540 name: proper plantar digital artery def: "." [Wikipedia:Proper_plantar_digital_arteries] comment: the MA term, even though plural, represents the singular, as it is an isa child of artery. We use the FMA set term as it is the closest match, but the semantics of set terms are unclear synonym: "arteriae digitales plantares propriae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71564, FMA:TA] synonym: "arteriae digitales plantares propriae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Proper_plantar_digital_arteries] synonym: "plantar digital artery proper" EXACT [] synonym: "proper plantar digital arteries" EXACT [MA:0001968] synonym: "set of plantar digital arteries proper" RELATED [FMA:71564] xref: FMA:71564 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray555.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray1237.svg/200px-Gray1237.svg.png xref: MA:0001968 is_a: UBERON:0006138 ! plantar digital artery [Term] id: UBERON:0004544 name: epididymis epithelium def: "A simple columnar epithelium that is part of a epididymis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Epididymis epithelium" EXACT [FMA:19153] synonym: "epithelium of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:19153] xref: EMAPA:30445 xref: FMA:19153 xref: MA:0002825 is_a: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 intersection_of: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0004545 name: external capsule def: "External capsule is an organ subdivision of the telencephalon which is made up primarily of myelinated axonal neural tissue (white matter). The external capsule is a sheet-like fiber bundle located lateral to the to the putamen and globus pallidus which projects dorsally to the white matter underlying the cerebral cortex[FMA]." [FMA:61959, Wikipedia:External_capsule] synonym: "capsula externa" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_capsule] xref: FMA:61959 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg/200px-Telencephalon-Horiconatal.jpg xref: MA:0002896 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Capsule xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010013 xref: SCTID:279300007 is_a: UBERON:0002437 ! cerebral white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0004546 name: cribriform plate def: "The cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone (horizontal lamina) is received into the ethmoidal notch of the frontal bone and roofs in the nasal cavities. Projecting upward from the middle line of this plate is a thick, smooth, triangular process, the crista galli, so called from its resemblance to a cock's comb. The long thin posterior border of the crista galli serves for the attachment of the falx cerebri. Its anterior border, short and thick, articulates with the frontal bone, and presents two small projecting alæ, which are received into corresponding depressions in the frontal bone and complete the foramen cecum. Its sides are smooth, and sometimes bulging from the presence of a small air sinus in the interior. On either side of the crista galli, the cribriform plate is narrow and deeply grooved; it supports the olfactory bulb and is perforated by foramina for the passage of the olfactory nerves. The foramina in the middle of the groove are small and transmit the nerves to the roof of the nasal cavity; those at the medial and lateral parts of the groove are larger—the former transmit the nerves to the upper part of the nasal septum, the latter those to the superior nasal concha. At the front part of the cribriform plate, on either side of the crista galli, is a small fissure which is occupied by a process of dura mater. Lateral to this fissure is a notch or foramen which transmits the nasociliary nerve; from this notch a groove extends backward to the anterior ethmoidal foramen. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Cribriform_plate] synonym: "cribiform plate of ethmoid bone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cribriform_plate] synonym: "ethmoid bone lamina cribrosa" RELATED [BTO:0004141] synonym: "lamina cribrosa of ethmoid bone" RELATED [BTO:0004141] synonym: "lamina cribrosa ossis ethmoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cribriform_plate] xref: BTO:0004141 xref: EMAPA:19201 xref: FMA:52890 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray149.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gray149.png/200px-Gray149.png xref: MA:0002898 xref: SCTID:282814006 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 {source="MA"} ! ethmoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004547 name: decidua capsularis def: "Endometrium that covers the implanted blastocyst." [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/06placenta.htm] xref: FMA:86478 xref: MA:0002906 xref: ncithesaurus:Decidua_Capsularis xref: SCTID:255498003 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002450 ! decidua [Term] id: UBERON:0004548 name: left eye def: "An eye that is part of a left side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left eyeball" EXACT [FMA:12515] synonym: "left orbital part of face" NARROW [FMA:54450] synonym: "left orbital region" NARROW [FMA:54450] xref: FMA:12515 xref: MA:0002949 xref: SCTID:362503005 is_a: UBERON:0000970 ! eye relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0000970 ! eye intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0004549 name: right eye def: "An eye that is part of a right side of organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right eyeball" EXACT [FMA:12514] synonym: "right orbital part of face" NARROW [FMA:54449] synonym: "right orbital region" NARROW [FMA:54449] xref: FMA:12514 xref: MA:0002950 xref: SCTID:362502000 is_a: UBERON:0000970 ! eye relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0000970 ! eye intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0004550 name: gastroesophageal sphincter def: "A sphincter muscle that is part of a cardia of stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - split? check FMA:63048 synonym: "cardiac sphincter" RELATED [MA:0002951] synonym: "gastroesophageal sphincter" EXACT [FMA:14915] synonym: "inferior esophageal sphincter" EXACT [FMA:14915] synonym: "lower esophageal sphincter" RELATED [MA:0002951] xref: FMA:14915 xref: galen:LowerEsophagealSphincter xref: MA:0002951 xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Esophageal_Sphincter xref: SCTID:267809009 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011185 ! gastrointestinal sphincter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001162 intersection_of: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001162 ! cardia of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001162 ! cardia of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0004551 name: obsolete set of proper plantar digital arteries comment: this class was made obsolete, as uberon does not include 'Set of X' classes. For now, the FMA class for set of plantar digital arteries proper is under UBERON:0004540, but it is unclear if this is correct synonym: "arteriae digitales plantares propriae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71564, FMA:TA] synonym: "plantar digital arteries proper" EXACT [FMA:71564] synonym: "plantar digital arteries proper set" EXACT [FMA:71564] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004552 name: digital artery def: "An artery that is part of a digit [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: check part_of - do we need term for digit + metacarpal/tarsal bones? xref: MA:0001941 xref: SCTID:181335004 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003514 ! limb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit [Term] id: UBERON:0004553 name: forelimb digital artery def: "A digital artery that is part of a forelimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digital artery of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb digital arteries" EXACT [MA:0001953] xref: MA:0001953 xref: SCTID:265791006 is_a: UBERON:0003515 ! forelimb blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004552 ! digital artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0004552 ! digital artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0004554 name: hindlimb digital artery def: "A digital artery that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digital artery of foot" EXACT [FMA:69713] synonym: "hindlimb digital arteries" EXACT [MA:0001964] xref: FMA:69713 xref: MA:0001964 is_a: UBERON:0003516 ! hindlimb blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004552 ! digital artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0004552 ! digital artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0004561 name: proper palmar digital vein comment: Some sources distinguish between the "proper palmar digital veins", which are more distal, and the "common palmar digital veins", which are more proximal. synonym: "common palmar digital venous tributary" EXACT [FMA:22926] synonym: "distal palmar digital vein" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palmar_digital_veins] synonym: "proper palmal vein" EXACT [MA:0002126] synonym: "proper palmar vein" EXACT [MA:0002126] synonym: "tributary of common palmar digital vein" EXACT [FMA:22926] xref: FMA:22926 xref: MA:0002126 is_a: UBERON:0004563 ! forelimb digital vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001412 {source="FMA/obol"} ! common palmar digital vein [Term] id: UBERON:0004562 name: digital vein comment: check part_of - do we need term for digit + metacarpal/tarsal bones? xref: MA:0002101 xref: ncithesaurus:Digital_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003514 ! limb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0004563 name: forelimb digital vein synonym: "forelimb digital veins" EXACT [MA:0002120] xref: MA:0002120 is_a: UBERON:0003515 ! forelimb blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004562 ! digital vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0004562 ! digital vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0004564 name: hindlimb digital vein def: "A digital vein that is part of a hindlimb [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindlimb digital veins" EXACT [MA:0002133] xref: MA:0002133 is_a: UBERON:0003516 ! hindlimb blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004562 ! digital vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0004562 ! digital vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0004571 name: systemic arterial system def: "the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart." [Wikipedia:Systemic_circulation#Arteries] synonym: "Systemic arterial circulatory system" EXACT [FMA:45623] xref: FMA:45623 is_a: UBERON:0007798 {source="MA-inferred"} ! vascular system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system [Term] id: UBERON:0004572 name: arterial system def: "The arterial system is the higher-pressure portion of the circulatory system." [BTO:0004690] xref: BTO:0004690 xref: EHDAA2:0000143 xref: EHDAA:396 xref: EMAPA:16201 xref: EMAPA:16371 xref: MA:0002719 xref: SCTID:362030008 xref: VHOG:0000273 is_a: UBERON:0007798 {source="MA"} ! vascular system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cardiovascular system property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000273", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1196/annals.1341.002 Bishopric NH, Evolution of the heart from bacteria to man. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004573 name: systemic artery def: "Systemic arteries are the arteries of the systemic circulation, which is the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart." [Wikipedia:Artery#Systemic_arteries] synonym: "systemic arterial subtree" EXACT [FMA:66464] xref: FMA:66464 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0004571 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004571 ! systemic arterial system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004571 ! systemic arterial system [Term] id: UBERON:0004581 name: systemic venous system def: "Subdivision of cardiovascular system which has as its parts the right side of heart, the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava[FMA] In human anatomy, the systemic venous system refers to veins that drain into the right atrium without passing through two vascular beds (i.e. they originate from a set of capillaries and do not pass through a second set of capillaries before reaching the right side of the heart). The term systemic venous system is often used to differentiate veins from veins that drain the pulmonary system (the pulmonary venous system) and veins that drain the digestive tract (the portal venous system). Large veins that are considered part of the systemic venous system are the: Superior vena cava; Inferior vena cava[WP]." [FMA:45626, Wikipedia:Systemic_venous_system] synonym: "Systemic venous circulatory system" EXACT [FMA:45626] xref: BTO:0004692 xref: EHDAA2:0002171 xref: EHDAA:486 xref: FMA:45626 xref: ncithesaurus:Venous_System xref: VHOG:0000277 is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000277", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1196/annals.1341.002 Bishopric NH, Evolution of the heart from bacteria to man. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004582 name: venous system synonym: "vein system" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004692 xref: EHDAA2:0002171 xref: EHDAA:486 xref: EMAPA:16240 xref: MA:0002720 xref: ncithesaurus:Venous_System xref: SCTID:362060003 xref: VHOG:0000277 is_a: UBERON:0007798 {source="MA"} ! vascular system property_value: homology_notes "The appearance of Chordata and subsequently the vertebrates is accompanied by a rapid structural diversification of this primitive linear heart: looping, unidirectional circulation, an enclosed vasculature, and the conduction system.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000277", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1196/annals.1341.002 Bishopric NH, Evolution of the heart from bacteria to man. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004590 name: sphincter muscle def: "a structure, usually a circular muscle, that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning." [Wikipedia:Sphincter] comment: FMA class is not a subtype of muscle synonym: "circular muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "sphincter" EXACT [] xref: FMA:75004 xref: ncithesaurus:Sphincter is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ [Term] id: UBERON:0004601 name: rib 1 def: "The first rib is the most curved and usually the shortest of all the ribs; it is broad and flat, its surfaces looking upward and downward, and its borders inward and outward. The head is small, rounded, and possesses only a single articular facet, for articulation with the body of the first thoracic vertebra. The neck is narrow and rounded. The tubercle, thick and prominent, is placed on the outer border. There is no angle, but at the tubercle the rib is slightly bent, with the convexity upward, so that the head of the bone is directed downward. The upper surface of the body is marked by two shallow grooves, separated from each other by a slight ridge prolonged internally into a tubercle, the scalene tubercle, for the attachment of the Scalenus anterior; the anterior groove transmits the subclavian vein, the posterior the subclavian artery and the lowest trunk of the brachial plexus. Behind the posterior groove is a rough area for the attachment of the Scalenus medius. The under surface is smooth, and destitute of a costal groove. The outer border is convex, thick, and rounded, and at its posterior part gives attachment to the first digitation of the Serratus anterior. The inner border is concave, thin, and sharp, and marked about its center by the scalene tubercle. The anterior extremity is larger and thicker than that of any of the other ribs. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:First_rib] comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "costa prima" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:First_rib] synonym: "Costa prima (I)" EXACT [FMA:7597] synonym: "first rib" EXACT [FMA:7597] xref: FMA:7597 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray124.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Gray124.png/200px-Gray124.png xref: MA:0001401 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_1 xref: SCTID:182016005 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004602 name: rib 2 def: "The second rib is much longer than the first, but has a very similar curvature. The non-articular portion of the tubercle is occasionally only feebly marked. The angle is slight, and situated close to the tubercle. The body is not twisted, so that both ends touch any plane surface upon which it may be laid; but there is a bend, with its convexity upward, similar to, though smaller than that found in the first rib. The body is not flattened horizontally like that of the first rib. Its external surface is convex, and looks upward and a little outward; near the middle of it is a rough eminence for the origin of the lower part of the first and the whole of the second digitation of the Serratus anterior; behind and above this is attached the Scalenus posterior. The internal surface, smooth, and concave, is directed downward and a little inward: on its posterior part there is a short costal groove. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Second_rib] comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "costa secunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Second_rib] synonym: "Costa secunda (II)" EXACT [FMA:7620] synonym: "second rib" EXACT [FMA:7620] xref: FMA:7620 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Gray125.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gray125.png/200px-Gray125.png xref: MA:0001402 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_2 xref: SCTID:244656007 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004603 name: rib 3 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "third rib" EXACT [FMA:7638] xref: FMA:7638 xref: MA:0001403 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_3 xref: SCTID:244658008 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004604 name: rib 4 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fourth rib" EXACT [FMA:7749] xref: FMA:7749 xref: MA:0001404 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_4 xref: SCTID:244659000 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004605 name: rib 5 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth rib" EXACT [FMA:7776] xref: FMA:7776 xref: MA:0001405 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_5 xref: SCTID:244660005 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004606 name: rib 6 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "sixth rib" EXACT [FMA:8147] xref: FMA:8147 xref: MA:0001406 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_6 xref: SCTID:244661009 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004607 name: rib 7 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "seventh rib" EXACT [FMA:7830] xref: FMA:7830 xref: MA:0001407 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_7 xref: SCTID:244662002 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib property_value: rib_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004608 name: rib 9 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "ninth rib" EXACT [FMA:8337] xref: FMA:8337 xref: MA:0001409 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_9 xref: SCTID:244664001 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib is_a: UBERON:0002238 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! false rib property_value: rib_number "9" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004609 name: rib 10 def: "The tenth rib has only a single articular facet on its head. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Tenth_rib] comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "tenth rib" EXACT [FMA:8418] xref: FMA:8418 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray126.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Gray126.png/200px-Gray126.png xref: MA:0001410 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_10 xref: SCTID:244665000 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib is_a: UBERON:0002238 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! false rib property_value: rib_number "10" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004610 name: rib 11 def: "The eleventh rib has a single articular facet on the head, which is of rather large size. It has no necks or tubercles, and is pointed at its anterior ends. The eleventh has a slight angle and a shallow costal groove. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Eleventh_rib] comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eleventh rib" EXACT [FMA:8499] xref: FMA:8499 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Gray127.png xref: MA:0001411 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_11 xref: SCTID:244666004 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib is_a: UBERON:0002239 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! floating rib property_value: rib_number "11" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004611 name: rib 12 def: "In humans: The twelfth rib has a single articular facet on the head, which is of rather large size. It has no necks or tubercles, and is pointed at its anterior ends. The twelfth has angle nor costal groove; it is much shorter than the eleventh rib, and its head is inclined slightly downward. Sometimes the twelfth rib is even shorter than the first rib. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Twelfth_rib] comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "twelfth rib" EXACT [FMA:8515] xref: FMA:8515 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Gray128.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray128.png/200px-Gray128.png xref: MA:0001412 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_12 xref: SCTID:244667008 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib is_a: UBERON:0002239 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! floating rib property_value: rib_number "12" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004612 name: mammalian cervical vertebra 3 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically. all mammals have 7 cervical vertebrae subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C3 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12521] synonym: "cervical vertebra 3" EXACT [MA:0001423] synonym: "third cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12521] xref: EMAPA:19433 xref: FMA:12521 xref: MA:0001423 xref: ncithesaurus:C3_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181823007 is_a: UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0001093 {source="FMA"} ! second cervical vertebra property_value: vertebra_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004613 name: mammalian cervical vertebra 4 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically. all mammals have 7 cervical vertebrae subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C4 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12522] synonym: "cervical vertebra 4" EXACT [MA:0001424] synonym: "fourth cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12522] xref: EMAPA:19434 xref: FMA:12522 xref: MA:0001424 xref: ncithesaurus:C4_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181824001 is_a: UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004612 {source="FMA"} ! mammalian cervical vertebra 3 property_value: vertebra_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004614 name: mammalian cervical vertebra 5 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically. all mammals have 7 cervical vertebrae subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C5 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12523] synonym: "cervical vertebra 5" EXACT [MA:0001425] synonym: "fifth cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12523] xref: EMAPA:19435 xref: FMA:12523 xref: MA:0001425 xref: ncithesaurus:C5_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181825000 is_a: UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004613 {source="FMA"} ! mammalian cervical vertebra 4 property_value: vertebra_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004615 name: mammalian cervical vertebra 6 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically. all mammals have 7 cervical vertebrae subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C6 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12524] synonym: "cervical vertebra 6" EXACT [MA:0001426] synonym: "sixth cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12524] xref: EMAPA:19466 xref: FMA:12524 xref: MA:0001426 xref: ncithesaurus:C6_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181826004 is_a: UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004614 {source="FMA"} ! mammalian cervical vertebra 5 property_value: vertebra_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004616 name: mammalian cervical vertebra 7 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically. all mammals have 7 cervical vertebrae subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C7 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12525] synonym: "cervical vertebra 7" EXACT [MA:0001427] synonym: "prominent vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12525] synonym: "seventh cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:12525] synonym: "vertebra prominens (CVII)" EXACT [FMA:12525] xref: EMAPA:19467 xref: FMA:12525 xref: MA:0001427 xref: ncithesaurus:C7_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181827008 is_a: UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004615 {source="FMA"} ! mammalian cervical vertebra 6 property_value: vertebra_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0004617 name: lumbar vertebra 1 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13072] synonym: "L1 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13072] xref: EMAPA:19472 xref: FMA:13072 xref: MA:0001428 xref: ncithesaurus:L1_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181841004 is_a: UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004636 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! thoracic vertebra 12 [Term] id: UBERON:0004618 name: lumbar vertebra 2 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "L2 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13073] synonym: "second lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13073] xref: EMAPA:19570 xref: FMA:13073 xref: MA:0001429 xref: ncithesaurus:L2_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181842006 is_a: UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004617 {source="FMA"} ! lumbar vertebra 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004619 name: lumbar vertebra 3 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "L3 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13074] synonym: "third lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13074] xref: EMAPA:19571 xref: FMA:13074 xref: MA:0001430 xref: ncithesaurus:L3_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181843001 is_a: UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004618 {source="FMA"} ! lumbar vertebra 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004620 name: lumbar vertebra 4 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fourth lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13075] synonym: "L4 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13075] xref: EMAPA:19572 xref: FMA:13075 xref: MA:0001431 xref: ncithesaurus:L4_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181844007 is_a: UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004619 {source="FMA"} ! lumbar vertebra 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004621 name: lumbar vertebra 5 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13076] synonym: "L5 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13076] xref: EMAPA:19573 xref: FMA:13076 xref: MA:0001432 xref: ncithesaurus:L5_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181845008 is_a: UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004620 {source="FMA"} ! lumbar vertebra 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004622 name: sacral vertebra 1 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "First sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:13077] synonym: "first sacral vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13077] synonym: "First segment of sacrum" EXACT [FMA:13077] synonym: "S1 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13077] xref: EMAPA:19588 xref: FMA:13077 xref: MA:0001434 xref: ncithesaurus:S1_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181846009 is_a: UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0004623 name: sacral vertebra 2 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "S2 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13078] synonym: "Second sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:13078] synonym: "second sacral vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13078] synonym: "Second segment of sacrum" EXACT [FMA:13078] xref: EMAPA:19589 xref: FMA:13078 xref: MA:0001435 xref: ncithesaurus:S2_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181847000 is_a: UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0004624 name: sacral vertebra 3 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "S3 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13079] synonym: "Third sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:13079] synonym: "third sacral vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13079] synonym: "Third segment of sacrum" EXACT [FMA:13079] xref: EMAPA:19590 xref: FMA:13079 xref: MA:0001436 xref: ncithesaurus:S3_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181848005 is_a: UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0004625 name: sacral vertebra 4 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "Fourth sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:13080] synonym: "fourth sacral vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13080] synonym: "Fourth segment of sacrum" EXACT [FMA:13080] synonym: "S4 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13080] xref: EMAPA:19591 xref: FMA:13080 xref: MA:0001437 xref: ncithesaurus:S4_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181849002 is_a: UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0004626 name: thoracic vertebra 1 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "First dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9165] synonym: "first thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9165] synonym: "T1 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9165] xref: EMAPA:19542 xref: FMA:9165 xref: MA:0001438 xref: ncithesaurus:T1_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181828003 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004616 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! mammalian cervical vertebra 7 [Term] id: UBERON:0004627 name: thoracic vertebra 2 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "Second dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9187] synonym: "second thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9187] synonym: "T2 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9187] xref: EMAPA:19543 xref: FMA:9187 xref: MA:0001439 xref: ncithesaurus:T2_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181829006 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004626 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0004628 name: thoracic vertebra 3 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "T3 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9209] synonym: "Third dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9209] synonym: "third thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9209] xref: EMAPA:19544 xref: FMA:9209 xref: MA:0001440 xref: ncithesaurus:T3_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181830001 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004627 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0004629 name: thoracic vertebra 4 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "Fourth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9248] synonym: "fourth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9248] synonym: "T4 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9248] xref: EMAPA:19545 xref: FMA:9248 xref: MA:0001441 xref: ncithesaurus:T4_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181831002 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004628 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0004630 name: thoracic vertebra 5 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "Fifth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9922] synonym: "fifth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9922] synonym: "T5 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9922] xref: EMAPA:19546 xref: FMA:9922 xref: MA:0001442 xref: ncithesaurus:T5_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181832009 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004629 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0004631 name: thoracic vertebra 6 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "Sixth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9945] synonym: "sixth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9945] synonym: "T6 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9945] xref: EMAPA:19547 xref: FMA:9945 xref: MA:0001443 xref: ncithesaurus:T6_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181834005 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004630 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0004632 name: thoracic vertebra 7 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "Seventh dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9968] synonym: "seventh thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9968] synonym: "T7 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9968] xref: EMAPA:19548 xref: FMA:9968 xref: MA:0001444 xref: ncithesaurus:T7_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181835006 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004631 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 6 [Term] id: UBERON:0004633 name: thoracic vertebra 9 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "Ninth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10014] synonym: "ninth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10014] synonym: "T9 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10014] xref: EMAPA:19550 xref: FMA:10014 xref: MA:0001446 xref: ncithesaurus:T9_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181837003 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0011050 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 8 [Term] id: UBERON:0004634 name: thoracic vertebra 10 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "T10 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10037] synonym: "Tenth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10037] synonym: "tenth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10037] xref: EMAPA:19551 xref: FMA:10037 xref: MA:0001447 xref: ncithesaurus:T10_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181838008 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004633 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 9 [Term] id: UBERON:0004635 name: thoracic vertebra 11 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "Eleventh dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10059] synonym: "eleventh thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10059] synonym: "T11 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10059] xref: EMAPA:19552 xref: FMA:10059 xref: MA:0001448 xref: ncithesaurus:T11_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181839000 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004634 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 10 [Term] id: UBERON:0004636 name: thoracic vertebra 12 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "T12 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10081] synonym: "Twelfth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10081] synonym: "twelfth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:10081] xref: EMAPA:19553 xref: FMA:10081 xref: MA:0001449 xref: ncithesaurus:T12_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181840003 is_a: UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004635 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 11 [Term] id: UBERON:0004637 name: otic capsule def: "The capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism; in elasmobranchs, it remains cartilaginous in the adult; in the embryos of higher vertebrates, it is cartilaginous at first but later becomes bony (at approximately 23 weeks in humans)[Biology-Online]. Bilaterally paired cartilage encasing the semicircular canals of the inner ear[ZFA]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/otic+capsule, http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Otic_capsule, ZFA:0001500] comment: Taxon notes: developmental relationships need to be checked synonym: "auditory capsule" RELATED [VHOG:0000854] synonym: "otic capsule" EXACT [ZFA:0001500] synonym: "otic region" RELATED [] synonym: "periotic" RELATED [] synonym: "periotic capsule" RELATED [VHOG:0000854] xref: AAO:0010143 xref: SCTID:361515007 xref: VHOG:0000854 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010351 ! otic capsule cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001694 {source="EHDAA2"} ! petrous part of temporal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0003110 ! otic region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of occipito-petrosal (AAO:0010831)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010143", ontology="AAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of otic and occipital (AAO:0000993)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010143", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal elements surrounding the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. Sensory capsules anterolateral to and confluent with occipital arch.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010143", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "The cartilage capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism; in the embryos of higher vertebrates, it is cartilaginous at first but later becomes bony. [Biology_online][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000854", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Otic capsules develop around the parts of the ear that lie within the chondrocranium. This part of the ear, known as the inner ear, is composed of the semicircular ducts and associated sacs that contain the receptive cells for equilibrium and hearing (reference 1); (...) considerations have led to our rethinking issues related to the origin of several aspects of vertebrate hearing, and to the view that many basic auditory functions evolved very early in vertebrate history, and that the functions observed in more `advanced' vertebrates, such as birds and mammals, are frequently modifications of themes first encountered in fishes, and perhaps even more ancestral animals.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000854", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.235, DOI:10.1016/S0378-5955(00)00168-4 Fay RR, Popper AN, Evolution of hearing in vertebrates: the inner ears and processing. Hearing research (2000)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004638 name: blood vessel endothelium def: "An endothelium that lines the blood vasculature. Other endothelia may line lymph vessels, the heart" [UBERON:cjm] subset: vertebrate_core xref: BTO:0000766 xref: MA:0000709 xref: ncithesaurus:Blood_Vessel_Endothelium xref: TAO:0005257 xref: ZFA:0005257 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004852 ! cardiovascular system endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004639 name: afferent arteriole def: "The afferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that supply the nephrons in many excretory systems. They play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. The afferent arterioles branch from the renal artery which supplies blood to the kidneys. The afferent arterioles later diverge into the capillaries of the glomerulus. When renal blood flow is reduced, the macula densa releases prostaglandins, which cause the juxtaglomerular cells lining the afferent arterioles to release renin, activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, to increase blood pressure. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Afferent_arterioles] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteriola glomerularis afferens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Afferent_arterioles] synonym: "kidney afferent arteriole" EXACT [MP:0011312] xref: EMAPA:28230 xref: EMAPA:28266 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: MA:0002579 xref: MP:0011312 xref: SCTID:67498004 xref: TAO:0002139 xref: ZFA:0005307 is_a: UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole is_a: UBERON:0003644 ! kidney arterial blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 ! renal corpuscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004640 name: efferent arteriole def: "The efferent arterioles are blood vessels that are part of the urinary tract of organisms. The efferent arterioles form from a convergence of the capillaries of the glomerulus. They play an important role in maintaining the glomerular filtration rate despite fluctuations in blood pressure. In the mammalian kidney they follow two markedly different courses, depending on the location of the glomeruli from which they arise. In the mammalian kidney about 15% of glomeruli lie close to the boundary between the renal cortex and renal medulla and are known as juxtamedullary glomeruli. The rest are simply undifferentiated cortical glomeruli. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Efferent_arteriole] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "arteriola glomerularis efferens capsulae renalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Efferent_arteriole] synonym: "kidney efferent arteriole" EXACT [MP:0011313] xref: EMAPA:28233 xref: EMAPA:28275 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: MA:0002585 xref: SCTID:29926005 xref: TAO:0002140 xref: ZFA:0005308 is_a: UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole is_a: UBERON:0003644 ! kidney arterial blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001229 ! renal corpuscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004641 name: spleen capsule def: "A capsule that is part of a spleen [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "capsule of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15849] synonym: "fibroelastic coat of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15849] synonym: "fibrous capsule of spleen" EXACT [FMA:15849] synonym: "Malpighian capsule" EXACT [FMA:15849] synonym: "splenic capsule" EXACT [FMA:15849] synonym: "tunica fibrosa (splen)(lien)" EXACT [FMA:15849] xref: FMA:15849 xref: MA:0000753 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Capsule xref: SCTID:329635002 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0004642 name: third ventricle ependyma def: "An ependyma that is part of a third ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "3rd ventricle ependyma" EXACT [MA:0000882] synonym: "ependyma of third ventricle" EXACT [MA:0000882] xref: FMA:242833 xref: MA:0000882 xref: SCTID:362316006 is_a: UBERON:0005357 ! brain ependyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 intersection_of: UBERON:0004670 ! ependyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004643 name: lateral ventricle ependyma def: "An ependyma that is part of a lateral ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ependyma of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:242825] xref: FMA:242825 xref: MA:0000964 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Ventricle_Ependyma xref: SCTID:369275002 is_a: UBERON:0005357 ! brain ependyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 intersection_of: UBERON:0004670 ! ependyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004644 name: fourth ventricle ependyma def: "An ependyma that is part of a fourth ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "4th ventricle ependyma" RELATED [MA:0000986] synonym: "ependyma of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:242835] xref: FMA:242835 xref: MA:0000986 xref: ncithesaurus:Fourth_Ventricle_Ependyma xref: SCTID:369277005 is_a: UBERON:0005357 ! brain ependyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 intersection_of: UBERON:0004670 ! ependyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004645 name: urinary bladder urothelium synonym: "bladder transitional cell epithelium" EXACT [FMA:15936] synonym: "transitional epithelium" RELATED [MA:0001693] synonym: "transitional epithelium of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15936] synonym: "urinary bladder transitional epithelium" EXACT [FMA:15936] synonym: "urothelium" BROAD [BTO:0001245] synonym: "urothelium of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15936] xref: BTO:0001694 xref: FMA:15936 xref: MA:0001693 xref: ncithesaurus:Transitional_Epithelium xref: SCTID:25631003 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000365 ! urothelium is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 intersection_of: UBERON:0000365 ! urothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001259 ! mucosa of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0004646 name: infraorbital artery def: "The infraorbital artery is an artery in the head that runs in the maxilla, emerging through the infraorbital foramen, just under the orbit of the eye. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Infraorbital_artery] synonym: "a. infraorbitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Infraorbital_artery] synonym: "infra-orbital artery" EXACT [FMA:49767] xref: FMA:49767 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Gray511.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Gray511.png/200px-Gray511.png xref: MA:0001977 xref: ncithesaurus:Infraorbital_Artery xref: SCTID:148167004 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001616 ! maxillary artery [Term] id: UBERON:0004647 name: liver lobule synonym: "hepatic lobule" EXACT [FMA:14471] synonym: "lobuli hepatici" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "lobulus hepaticus" EXACT [FMA:14471] xref: FMA:14471 xref: MA:0002494 xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Lobule xref: SCTID:362194004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 {source="FMA"} ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001280 {source="FMA"} ! liver parenchyma [Term] id: UBERON:0004648 name: esophagus muscularis mucosa synonym: "esophagus muscularis mucosae" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina muscularis of esophageal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:63059] synonym: "muscularis mucosae of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:63059] xref: FMA:63059 xref: MA:0002681 xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Muscularis_Mucosa xref: SCTID:47720007 is_a: UBERON:0002112 ! smooth muscle of esophagus is_a: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002469 ! esophagus mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0004649 name: sphenoid bone pterygoid process def: "The pterygoid processes of the sphenoid, one on either side, descend perpendicularly from the regions where the body and great wings unite. Each process consists of a medial pterygoid plate and a lateral pterygoid plate, the upper parts of which are fused anteriorly; a vertical sulcus, the pterygopalatine groove, descends on the front of the line of fusion. The plates are separated below by an angular cleft, the pterygoid fissure (or pterygoid notch), the margins of which are rough for articulation with the pyramidal process of the palatine bone. The two plates diverge behind and enclose between them a V-shaped fossa, the pterygoid fossa, which contains pterygoideus internus and tensor veli palatini. Above this fossa is a small, oval, shallow depression, the scaphoid fossa, which gives origin to the tensor veli palatini. The anterior surface of the pterygoid process is broad and triangular near its root, where it forms the posterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa and presents the anterior orifice of the pterygoid canal." [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid] comment: todo - check AAO:0000521-pterygoid and MA:0001471-pterygoid bone. MA also has 'inner plate of pterygoid process' as a syn for MA:0001471, FMA has lateral/medial plates. Seems likely inner = lateral (see MP:0004452). synonym: "processus pterygoideus" EXACT [FMA:54682] synonym: "processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54682, FMA:TA] synonym: "processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid] synonym: "pterygoid plate" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid] synonym: "pterygoid process" EXACT [FMA:54682] synonym: "pterygoid process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid] synonym: "pterygoid process of sphenoid" EXACT [FMA:54682] synonym: "pterygoid process of sphenoid bone" EXACT [FMA:54682] synonym: "pterygoid process of sphenoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002774] synonym: "pterygoid processes" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid] synonym: "pterygoid processus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygoid_processes_of_the_sphenoid] xref: AAO:0010086 xref: FMA:54682 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray145.png xref: MA:0002774 xref: SCTID:140390001 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of anterior quadratocranial commissure (AAO:0010061)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010086", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Process that projects from posterior margin of commissure into subocular space.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010086", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004650 name: tongue keratinized epithelium synonym: "keratinized epithelium of tongue" EXACT [FMA:74865] xref: FMA:74865 xref: MA:0002787 is_a: UBERON:0006919 ! tongue squamous epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0004651 name: scapula spine def: "a prominent plate of bone, which crosses obliquely the medial four-fifths of the scapula at its upper part, and separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa." [Wikipedia:Spine_of_scapula] comment: Taxon notes: the cleithrum, the major shoulder bone of extinct land vertebrate ancestors,.. appears to survive as the scapular spine in living mammals[Matsuoka, PMC1352163] synonym: "scapular spine" RELATED [FMA:13453, MA:0002806] synonym: "spina scapulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spine_of_scapula] synonym: "spine of scapula" EXACT [FMA:13453] xref: EMAPA:25123 xref: FMA:13453 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png/200px-Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png xref: MA:0002806 xref: SCTID:181916005 is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="FMA"} ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 {source="FMA"} ! pectoral limb scapula property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0004741 [Term] id: UBERON:0004652 name: humerus diaphysis synonym: "body of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13305] synonym: "corpus humeri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:13305, FMA:TA] synonym: "diaphysis of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13305] synonym: "humeral diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:13305] synonym: "shaft of humerus" EXACT [FMA:13305] xref: EMAPA:25051 xref: FMA:13305 xref: MA:0002807 xref: SCTID:181927007 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 intersection_of: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0004654 name: temporal process of zygomatic bone def: "The temporal process of the zygomatic bone, directed backward and medialward, is concave, presenting medially a rough, triangular area, for articulation with the maxilla, and laterally a smooth, concave surface, the upper part of which forms the anterior boundary of the temporal fossa, the lower a part of the infratemporal fossa. Near the center of this surface is the zygomaticotemporal foramen for the transmission of the zygomaticotemporal nerve." [Wikipedia:Temporal_process_of_the_zygomatic_bone] synonym: "facies temporalis ossis zygomatici" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Temporal_process_of_the_zygomatic_bone] synonym: "processus temporalis (os zygomaticum)" EXACT [FMA:52904] synonym: "zygomatic bone temporal process" EXACT [MA:0002812] xref: FMA:52904 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Gray166.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gray166.png/200px-Gray166.png xref: MA:0002812 xref: SCTID:122772003 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001683 {source="MA"} ! zygomatic bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002500 {source="MA"} ! zygomatic arch [Term] id: UBERON:0004655 name: zygomatic process of temporal bone alt_id: UBERON:0004653 def: "The zygomatic process of the temporal bone is a long, arched process projecting from the lower part of the squamous portion of the temporal bone. It articulates with the zygomatic bone. This process is at first directed lateralward, its two surfaces looking upward and downward; it then appears as if twisted inward upon itself, and runs forward, its surfaces now looking medialward and lateralward." [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_process_of_temporal_bone] synonym: "processus zygomaticus" EXACT [FMA:52886] synonym: "processus zygomaticus ossis temporalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomatic_process_of_temporal_bone] synonym: "temporal bone zygomatic process" EXACT [MA:0002811] synonym: "temporal zygomatic process" EXACT [FMA:52886] xref: EMAPA:19015 xref: FMA:52886 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray137.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Gray137.png/200px-Gray137.png xref: MA:0002811 xref: SCTID:414110008 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 {source="MA"} ! temporal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002500 {source="MA"} ! zygomatic arch [Term] id: UBERON:0004657 name: mandible condylar process def: "The posterior process on the ramus of the mandible composed of two parts: a superior part, the articular portion, and an inferior part, the condylar neck." [BTO:0001750, Wikipedia:Condyloid_process] synonym: "condylar process of mandible" EXACT [FMA:52836] synonym: "condyle of mandible" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_process] synonym: "condyle of the mandible" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_process] synonym: "condyloid process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_process] synonym: "mandibular condyle" EXACT [BTO:0001750] synonym: "mandibular condyloid process" RELATED [MA:0002816] synonym: "processus condylaris" EXACT [FMA:52836] xref: BTO:0001750 xref: FMA:52836 xref: GAID:219 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Processuscondylarismandibulae.PNG/200px-Processuscondylarismandibulae.PNG xref: MA:0002816 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.781.324.502.632.600 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000401 ! mandibular ramus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0004658 name: mandible head synonym: "head of mandible" EXACT [FMA:59331] synonym: "Mandibular head" EXACT [FMA:59331] xref: FMA:59331 xref: MA:0002817 xref: SCTID:51354009 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004657 ! mandible condylar process [Term] id: UBERON:0004659 name: mandible neck synonym: "Mandibular neck" EXACT [FMA:59332] synonym: "neck of mandible" EXACT [FMA:59332] xref: FMA:59332 xref: MA:0002818 xref: SCTID:368875004 is_a: UBERON:0001560 ! neck of organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible relationship: part_of UBERON:0004657 ! mandible condylar process [Term] id: UBERON:0004660 name: mandible coronoid process def: "a dorsal process on the lower jaw associated with muscle attachment. It may be formed by a separate coronoid bone or as a process of the dentary. In most living (and many extinct) mammals, the most dorsal of the three proximal processes of the jaw." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryCh.html#Coronoid%20process, Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_mandible] comment: AO notes: TAO:0001673 coronoid process, a bony projection on dentary synonym: "coronoid" BROAD [AAO:0000103] synonym: "coronoid process of mandible" EXACT [FMA:52833] synonym: "mandibular coronoid process" RELATED [MA:0002819] synonym: "processus coronoideus (mandibula)" EXACT [FMA:52833] synonym: "processus coronoideus mandibulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_mandible] xref: FMA:52833 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Processuscoronoideusmandibulae.PNG xref: MA:0002819 xref: SCTID:244691004 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000401 ! mandibular ramus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0004661 name: mandible temporal crest synonym: "Crista temporalis (Mandibulae)" EXACT [FMA:59484] synonym: "temporal crest of mandible" EXACT [FMA:59484] xref: FMA:59484 xref: MA:0002820 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0010994 ! coronoid process of ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0000401 ! mandibular ramus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0004662 name: vertebra lamina synonym: "lamina arcus vertebrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:11951, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina of vertebra" EXACT [FMA:11951] synonym: "lamina of vertebral arch" EXACT [FMA:11951] synonym: "neural arch lamina" EXACT [AAO:0000695] synonym: "vertebral lamina" EXACT [FMA:11951] synonym: "vertebral lamina" RELATED [MA:0002876] xref: AAO:0000695 xref: FMA:11951 xref: MA:0002876 xref: SCTID:277423002 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch property_value: external_definition "Paired plates that form the neural arch. The lateral margin of each lamina rests dorsal to the superior end of the pedicel, and the medial end fuses to the medial end of the opposite lamina.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000695", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004663 name: aorta wall def: "An anatomical wall that is part of an aorta [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Aortic wall" EXACT [FMA:14156] synonym: "wall of aorta" EXACT [FMA:14156] xref: FMA:14156 xref: MA:0002901 is_a: UBERON:0000415 ! artery wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0004664 name: aorta tunica adventitia synonym: "tunica adventitia of aorta" EXACT [FMA:14283] xref: FMA:14283 xref: MA:0002902 xref: SCTID:24996002 is_a: UBERON:0007240 ! tunica adventitia of artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 intersection_of: UBERON:0005734 ! tunica adventitia intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0004663 ! aorta wall [Term] id: UBERON:0004665 name: seminal vesicle muscle layer def: "A portion of muscle tissue that is part of a seminal vesicle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscle layer of seminal vesicle" EXACT [FMA:19404] synonym: "muscular coat of seminal gland" EXACT [FMA:19404] synonym: "muscular layer of seminal gland" EXACT [FMA:19404] synonym: "tunica muscularis (Vesicula seminalis)" EXACT [FMA:19404] synonym: "tunica muscularis glandulae vesiculosae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19404, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:29773 xref: FMA:19404 xref: MA:0002913 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0004666 name: interventricular septum membranous part synonym: "Membranous interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7135] synonym: "membranous interventricular septum" RELATED [MA:0002939] synonym: "membranous part interventricular septum" EXACT [VHOG:0000927] synonym: "membranous part of interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7135] synonym: "Membranous portion of interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7135] synonym: "Pars membranacea (septi interventricularis)" EXACT [FMA:7135] xref: EHDAA2:0004596 xref: EMAPA:18246 xref: FMA:7135 xref: MA:0002939 xref: SCTID:278228007 xref: VHOG:0000927 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004667 name: interventricular septum muscular part def: "A portion of muscle tissue that is part of a interventricular septum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Muscular interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7134] synonym: "muscular interventricular septum" RELATED [MA:0002940] synonym: "muscular part of interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7134] synonym: "Pars muscularis (septi interventricularis)" EXACT [FMA:7134] xref: EHDAA:2607 xref: EMAPA:18247 xref: FMA:7134 xref: MA:0002940 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000888 is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 intersection_of: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004668 name: fourth ventricle aperture def: "An orifice that is part of a fourth ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "aperture of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:242766] xref: FMA:242766 xref: MA:0002945 is_a: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 intersection_of: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004670 name: ependyma def: "the thin epithelial membrane lining the ventricular system of the brain and the spinal cord. Ependyma is one of the four types of neuroglia in the central nervous system. It is involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is simple, columnar or cuboidal." [BTO:0000401, Wikipedia:Ependyma] comment: FMA has ependyma proper and ependyma, not defined synonym: "ependyma of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:242791] synonym: "ependymal epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0000401] synonym: "lamina epithelialis" RELATED [FMA:242791] xref: BTO:0000401 xref: FMA:242791 xref: GAID:608 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Gray667.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.276.460 xref: ncithesaurus:Ependyma xref: SCTID:12766003 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005358 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005358 ! ventricle of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005358 ! ventricle of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004671 name: gyrus rectus synonym: "gyrus rectus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1103] synonym: "medial part of gyri orbitales" EXACT [FMA:61893] synonym: "rectal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61893] synonym: "rectus gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61893] synonym: "straight gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61893] xref: FMA:61893 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1103 xref: SCTID:279206004 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 ! frontal cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004672 name: posterior horn lateral ventricle synonym: "cornu posterius ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83700, FMA:TA] synonym: "occipital horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297] synonym: "occipital horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83700] synonym: "posterior horn lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297] synonym: "posterior horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83700] synonym: "posterior horn of the lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297] xref: FMA:83700 xref: ncithesaurus:Occipital_Horn_of_the_Lateral_Ventricle xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1297 xref: SCTID:362314009 is_a: UBERON:0004086 ! brain ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004673 name: trigeminal nerve root comment: TODO - check ZFA synonym: "descending trigeminal root" RELATED [TAO:0000192] synonym: "root of trigeminal nerve" EXACT [FMA:52610] synonym: "root of trigeminal V nerve" EXACT [Obol:cjm] synonym: "trigeminal nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1346] synonym: "trigeminal neural root" EXACT [FMA:52610] xref: FMA:52610 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1346 xref: SCTID:280185007 xref: TAO:0000192 xref: ZFA:0000192 is_a: UBERON:0004733 ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain is_a: UBERON:0006843 {source="FMA"} ! root of cranial nerve is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001645 intersection_of: UBERON:0002211 ! nerve root intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0004674 name: facial nerve root synonym: "central part of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53418] synonym: "facial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:53418] synonym: "facial nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1513] synonym: "facial neural root" EXACT [FMA:53418] synonym: "root of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53418] xref: FMA:53418 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1513 xref: SCTID:280186008 is_a: UBERON:0004733 ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain is_a: UBERON:0006843 {source="FMA"} ! root of cranial nerve is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001647 intersection_of: UBERON:0002211 ! nerve root intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0004675 name: hypoglossal nerve root synonym: "central part of hypoglossal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72632] synonym: "hypoglossal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72632] synonym: "hypoglossal nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1588] synonym: "hypoglossal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72632] synonym: "root of hypoglossal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72632] xref: FMA:72632 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1588 is_a: UBERON:0004733 ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain is_a: UBERON:0006843 {source="FMA"} ! root of cranial nerve is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001650 intersection_of: UBERON:0002211 ! nerve root intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001650 ! hypoglossal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0004676 name: spinal cord lateral horn def: "a triangular field that is a lateralward projection of the postero-lateral part of the anterior column[WP, modified by cjm]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_horn_of_spinal_cord] comment: todo - check relationship to spinal cord lateral column. in FMA funiculus=white and horn=grep synonym: "cornu laterale medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_horn_of_spinal_cord] synonym: "intermediate gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536] synonym: "intermediate grey column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536] synonym: "lateral gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536] synonym: "lateral gray horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666] synonym: "lateral gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536] synonym: "lateral horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256536] synonym: "spinal cord intermediate horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666] synonym: "spinal cord lateral horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666] xref: FMA:256536 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray675.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Horn_of_the_Spinal_Cord xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2666 is_a: UBERON:0002315 {source="FMA"} ! gray matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004677 name: spinal cord gray commissure def: "The gray commissure is a thin strip of gray matter that surrounds the central canal of the spinal cord and, along with the anterior white commissure, connects the two halves of the cord. It comprises lamina X in the Rexed classification." [Wikipedia:Gray_commissure] synonym: "commissura grisea anaterior medullae spinalis, commissura grisea posterior medullae spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gray_commissure] synonym: "gray commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77036] synonym: "spinal cord gray commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2669] synonym: "spinal cord grey commissure" EXACT [Obol:automatic] xref: FMA:77036 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2669 is_a: UBERON:0002315 {source="FMA"} ! gray matter of spinal cord is_a: UBERON:0008882 ! spinal cord commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0004678 name: apex of spinal cord dorsal horn synonym: "apex cornu posterioris medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:256700, FMA:TA] synonym: "apex of dorsal gray column" EXACT [FMA:256700] synonym: "apex of dorsal gray column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256700] synonym: "apex of dorsal horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256700] synonym: "apex of posterior horn of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:256700] synonym: "apex of spinal cord dorsal horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2670] synonym: "apex of spinal cord posterior horn" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2670] xref: FMA:256700 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2670 is_a: UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0004679 name: dentate gyrus molecular layer synonym: "dentate gyrus molecular layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4127] synonym: "molecular layer of dentate gyrus" EXACT [FMA:83677] xref: FMA:83677 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4127 is_a: UBERON:0002304 ! layer of dentate gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001885 ! dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation [Term] id: UBERON:0004680 name: body of fornix def: "The columns (anterior pillars; fornicolumns) of the fornix arch downward in front of the interventricular foramen and behind the anterior commissure, and each descends through the gray substance in the lateral wall of the third ventricle to the base of the brain, where it ends in the corpus mammillare. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Columns_of_fornix] synonym: "body of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_739] synonym: "body of fornix of forebrain" EXACT [FMA:61968] synonym: "column of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61968] synonym: "columna fornicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61968, FMA:TA] synonym: "columna fornicis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Columns_of_fornix] synonym: "fornix body" EXACT [FMA:61968] xref: FMA:61968 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Gray747.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Gray747.png/200px-Gray747.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_739 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0004681 name: vestibular system def: "The vestibular system, which contributes to our balance and our sense of spatial orientation, is the sensory system that provides the dominant input about movement and equilibrioception. Together with the cochlea, a part of the auditory system, it constitutes the labyrinth of the inner ear, situated in the vestibulum in the inner ear. As our movements consist of rotations and translations, the vestibular system comprises two components: the semicircular canal system, which indicate rotational movements; and the otoliths, which indicate linear accelerations. The vestibular system sends signals primarily to the neural structures that control our eye movements, and to the muscles that keep us upright. The projections to the former provide the anatomical basis of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, which is required for clear vision; and the projections to the muscles that control our posture are necessary to keep us upright." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_system] comment: note that FMA and NIF have no part information for this class. This is a GAT in FMA synonym: "vestibular organ system" EXACT [FMA:7193] synonym: "vestibular system" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090819] xref: BTO:0003381 xref: FMA:7193 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090819 xref: SCTID:361533001 is_a: UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system [Term] id: UBERON:0004682 name: corona radiata def: "For the structure in embryology, see Corona radiata (embryology) In neuroanatomy, the corona radiata is a white matter sheet that continues caudally as the internal capsule and rostrally as the centrum semiovale. This sheet of axons contains both descending and ascending axons that carry nearly all of the neural traffic from and to the cerebral cortex. The corona radiata is associated with the corticospinal tract, the corticopontine tract, and the corticobulbar tract. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Corona_radiata] synonym: "corona radiata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090903] xref: FMA:18661 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Gray745.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gray745.png/200px-Gray745.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_090903 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0011299 ! white matter of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0004683 name: parasubiculum synonym: "parasubicular area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_091002] synonym: "parasubiculum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_091002] xref: ABA:PAR xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PASB xref: FMA:77604 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_091002 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001953 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002191 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002728 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004684 name: raphe nuclei def: "Thin plates of cells in and immediately adjacent to the sagittal plane[NIF]. A moderate-size cluster of nuclei found in the brain stem. Their main function is to release serotonin to the rest of the brain. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are believed to act in these nuclei, as well as at their targets. The raphe nuclei are traditionally considered to be the medial portion of the reticular formation, and they appear as a ridge of cells in the center and most medial portion of the brain stem." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3248146&group_id=36855&atid=440764, NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090205, Wikipedia:Raphe_nuclei] comment: we treat NR obscurus, NR magnus etc as parts of the raphe nuclei. This is consistent with treatment in FMA, where the class is 'set of raphe nuclei' subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "nuclei raphes" EXACT LATIN [FMA:84017, FMA:TA] synonym: "nuclei raphes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Raphe_nuclei] synonym: "raphe cluster" RELATED [Wikipedia:Raphe_nuclei] synonym: "raphe nuclei" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090205] synonym: "raphe nuclei" EXACT [FMA:84017] synonym: "raphe nuclei set" EXACT [FMA:84017] synonym: "raphe nucleus" RELATED [ZFA:0001429] synonym: "set of raphe nuclei" RELATED [FMA:84017] xref: FMA:84017 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Gray694.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gray694.png/200px-Gray694.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.659.632 xref: ncithesaurus:Raphe_Nuclei xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090205 xref: TAO:0001429 xref: ZFA:0001429 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002275 {source="GO", source="Wikipedia"} ! reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0004685 name: middle temporal area def: "Brodmann area 21, or BA21, is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. The region encompasses most of the lateral temporal cortex, a region believed to play a part in auditory processing and language. Language function is left lateralized in most individuals. BA21 is superior to BA20 and inferior to BA40 and BA41. This area is also known as middle temporal area 21. It is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. In the human it corresponds approximately to the middle temporal gyrus. It is bounded rostrally by the temporopolar area 38 (H), ventrally by the inferior temporal area 20, caudally by the occipitotemporal area 37 (H), and dorsally by the superior temporal area 22 (Brodmann-1909). [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_21] synonym: "area 21 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68618] synonym: "Brodmann area 21" EXACT [] synonym: "middle temporal area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090308] synonym: "middle temporal area" EXACT [FMA:68618] xref: FMA:68618 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Brodmann_area_21.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Brodmann_area_21.png/200px-Brodmann_area_21.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090308 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004686 name: gastro-splenic ligament def: "peritoneum connecting the greater curvature of stomach with the hilum of the spleen[umich]. part of the greater omentum; derived from the dorsal mesogastrium in the embryo." [http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/gastrointestinal_system/stomach_tables.html, Wikipedia:Gastrosplenic_ligament] comment: in MA, EMAPA and EHDAA2 this is part of the dorsal mesogastrium. In wikipedia, and the above source, it is derived from the DM. This is a generic ligament in MA, we infer this and assert that this is a nonskeletal ligament synonym: "gastrolienal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16517] synonym: "gastrosplenc ligament" EXACT [FMA:16517] synonym: "gastrosplenic ligament" EXACT [FMA:16517] synonym: "ligamentum gastrosplenicum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Gastrosplenic_ligament] xref: EHDAA2:0000702 xref: EHDAA:9160 xref: EMAPA:18285 xref: EMAPA:18905 xref: FMA:16517 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Gray1039.png xref: MA:0001619 xref: SCTID:260636005 xref: VHOG:0000354 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003567 ! abdomen connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0008845 {source="MA-propagated"} ! nonskeletal ligament relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005602 {source="MA-modified", source="Wikipedia"} ! dorsal mesogastrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005448 {source="FMA", source="Wikipedia"} ! greater omentum property_value: external_definition "Mesenteric fold extending from the greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000354", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004687 name: lieno-renal ligament def: "peritoneum that attaches the spleen to the posterior abdominal wall over the left kidney. develops from the dorsal mesogastrium of the embryo[umich]" [http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/gastrointestinal_system/peritoneum_tables.html, Wikipedia:Splenorenal_ligament] comment: Multiple sources support greater omentum assignment. E.g. http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/splenorenal+ligament. We change the MA part_of assignment to develops_from synonym: "lienorenal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16522] synonym: "ligamentum lienorenale" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16522, FMA:TA] synonym: "ligamentum splenorenale (lienorenale, phrenicosplenicum)" EXACT [FMA:16522] synonym: "phrenicolienal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16522] synonym: "splenicorenal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16522] synonym: "splenorenal ligament" EXACT [FMA:16522] xref: EHDAA2:0004572 xref: EMAPA:18286 xref: EMAPA:18906 xref: FMA:16522 xref: MA:0001620 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003567 ! abdomen connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0008845 {source="MA-propagated"} ! nonskeletal ligament relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005602 {source="MA-modified"} ! dorsal mesogastrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005448 {source="FMA"} ! greater omentum [Term] id: UBERON:0004688 name: costo-cervical trunk def: "The costocervical trunk arises from the upper and back part of the subclavian artery, behind the scalenus anterior on the right side, and medial to that muscle on the left side. Passing backward, it splits into the deep cervical artery and the supreme intercostal artery (or the Highest intercostal artery), which descends behind the pleura in front of the necks of the first and second ribs, and anastomoses with the first aortic intercostal (3rd posterior intercostal artery). As it crosses the neck of the first rib it lies medial to the anterior division of the first thoracic nerve, and lateral to the first thoracic ganglion of the sympathetic trunk. In the first intercostal space, it gives off a branch which is distributed in a manner similar to the distribution of the aortic intercostals. The branch for the second intercostal space usually joins with one from the highest aortic intercostal artery. This branch is not constant, but is more commonly found on the right side; when absent, its place is supplied by an intercostal branch from the aorta. Each intercostal gives off a posterior branch which goes to the posterior vertebral muscles, and sends a small spinal branch through the corresponding intervertebral foramen to the medulla spinalis and its membranes. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Costocervical_trunk] synonym: "costocervical trunk" EXACT [FMA:10636] synonym: "truncus costocervicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Costocervical_trunk] synonym: "trunk of costocervical artery" EXACT [FMA:10636] xref: FMA:10636 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Costocervical_trunk_with_branches.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Costocervical_trunk_with_branches.png/200px-Costocervical_trunk_with_branches.png xref: MA:0001939 xref: SCTID:244225009 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0004689 name: naso-frontal vein synonym: "nasofrontal vein" EXACT [FMA:51729] xref: FMA:51729 xref: MA:0002182 xref: SCTID:44840002 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0003712 {source="FMA/obol"} ! cavernous sinus relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0005486 {source="FMA/obol"} ! venous dural sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0004690 name: pancreaticoduodenal vein synonym: "pancreatico-duodenal vein" EXACT [MA:0002190] synonym: "pancreaticoduodenal vein" EXACT [FMA:15398] synonym: "Superior posterior pancreaticoduodenal vein" EXACT [FMA:15398] synonym: "vena pancreaticoduodenalis" EXACT [] synonym: "vena pancreaticoduodenalis superior posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15398, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:15398 xref: MA:0002190 xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatico-Duodenal_Vein xref: SCTID:76262002 is_a: UBERON:0001214 ! pancreatic tributary of splenic vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001138 {source="FMA/obol"} ! superior mesenteric vein [Term] id: UBERON:0004691 name: bulbourethral gland secretion def: "A clear, viscous secretion that helps to lubricate the urethra for spermatozoa to pass through, neutralizing traces of acidic urine in the urethra,[2] and helps flush out any residual urine or foreign matter. It is possible for this fluid to pick up sperm, remaining in the urethral bulb from previous ejaculations, and carry them out prior to the next ejaculation[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bulbourethral_gland#Function] synonym: "bulbo-urethral gland secretion" EXACT [FMA:62968] synonym: "pre-ejaculate" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pre-ejaculate] synonym: "secretion of bulbo-urethral gland" EXACT [FMA:62968] xref: FMA:62968 xref: MA:0002524 xref: ncithesaurus:Bulbourethral_Gland_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0006530 {source="FMA"} ! seminal fluid relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002366 intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0002366 ! bulbo-urethral gland relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002366 ! bulbo-urethral gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004692 name: external naris epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a naris [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:18596 xref: MA:0001321 is_a: UBERON:0004807 ! respiratory system epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005928 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005928 ! external naris relationship: part_of UBERON:0005928 ! external naris [Term] id: UBERON:0004693 name: peyer's patch epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a Peyer ' s patch [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000731 is_a: UBERON:0001277 ! intestinal epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch [Term] id: UBERON:0004694 name: harderian gland epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a Harderian gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001248 is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004187 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004187 ! Harderian gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0004187 ! Harderian gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004695 name: arterial system smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an arterial system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000704 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system [Term] id: UBERON:0004696 name: venous system smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a venous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000715 is_a: UBERON:0004237 ! blood vessel smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004237 ! blood vessel smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004697 name: Peyer's patch germinal center def: "area of the Peyer's patch where B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells" [MP:0002391] xref: MA:0000734 xref: ncithesaurus:Peyer_s_Patch_Germinal_Center is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 intersection_of: UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch [Term] id: UBERON:0004698 name: vena cava endothelium def: "An endothelium that is part of a vena cava [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000713 xref: ncithesaurus:Vena_Cava_Endothelium is_a: UBERON:0001919 ! endothelium of vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0004087 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004087 ! vena cava relationship: part_of UBERON:0004087 ! vena cava [Term] id: UBERON:0004699 name: outflow tract endothelium def: "An endothelium that is part of a outflow tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000490 xref: VHOG:0001524 is_a: UBERON:0008307 ! heart endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract property_value: homology_notes "It is assumed that during evolution, a circulatory system composed of the heart and endothelial tubular system first formed in vertebrates, medial smooth muscle then appeared for regulation of the system, and innervation of the muscle tissue took place. This sequence of development assumed for phylogenesis is actually realized in the ontogenetic processes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001524", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1254/jjp.87.253 Shigei T, Tsuru H, Ishikawa N, Yoshioka K, Absence of endothelium in invertebrate blood vessels: significance of endothelium and sympathetic nerve/medial smooth muscle in the vertebrate vascular system. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004700 name: arterial system endothelium def: "An endothelium that is part of an arterial system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000703 xref: ncithesaurus:Arterial_System_Endothelium is_a: UBERON:0004852 ! cardiovascular system endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 ! arterial system [Term] id: UBERON:0004701 name: venous system endothelium def: "An endothelium that is part of a venous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000714 xref: ncithesaurus:Venous_System_Endothelium is_a: UBERON:0004852 ! cardiovascular system endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004702 name: respiratory system blood vessel endothelium def: "A blood vessel endothelium that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lung endothelium" RELATED [BTO:0004128] synonym: "respiratory endothelium" RELATED [BTO:0004128] xref: BTO:0004128 xref: MA:0001805 is_a: UBERON:0004638 ! blood vessel endothelium is_a: UBERON:0004807 ! respiratory system epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0004638 ! blood vessel endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003504 ! respiratory system blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004703 name: dorsal thalamus comment: MA and ZFA think there is a distinct dorsal thalamus, but FMA says its an exact synonym. TODO. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8167659 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal thalamus" RELATED [FMA:62007] synonym: "thalamus, pars dorsalis" EXACT [ZFA:0000653] xref: BM:Die-Th xref: EHDAA2:0000692 xref: MA:0000180 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Thalamus xref: TAO:0000653 xref: ZFA:0000653 is_a: UBERON:0002730 ! regional part of thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0004704 name: bone fossa def: "a depression or hollow in a bone[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fossa#Anatomy] comment: AO notes: General Anatomical term in FMA; not restricted to bone in ncit; surface feature in VSAO; note that entities named 'fossa' are cavities in FMA, hence placement here subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "concavities" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001743] synonym: "concavity" RELATED [TAO:0001743] synonym: "depression" RELATED [TAO:0001743] synonym: "depressions" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001743] synonym: "fossa" EXACT [] synonym: "fossae" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0001743] synonym: "groove" RELATED [TAO:0001743] xref: AAO:0010439 xref: FMA:45791 xref: ncithesaurus:Fossa xref: TAO:0001743 xref: VSAO:0005069 xref: ZFA:0005388 is_a: UBERON:0002553 {source="FMA-implied"} ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone property_value: external_definition "Anatomical space that is a concavity, shallow depression, or groove on a bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001743", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004705 name: fenestra def: "an opening in the skull or other bones[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fenestra] comment: TODO check fenestra vs fossa. fenestra = hole, fossa = depression with bottom? is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004706 name: bulbus cordis def: "The bulbus cordis lies ventral to the primitive ventricle after the developing heart assumes its S-shaped form. Together, the bulbus cordis and the primitive ventricle give rise to the ventricle of the formed heart. The adjacent walls of the bulbus cordis and ventricle approximate, fuse, and finally disappear, and the bulbus cordis now communicates freely with the right ventricle, while the junction of the bulbus with the truncus arteriosus is brought directly ventral to and applied to the atrial canal. By the upgrowth of the ventricular septum the bulbus cordis is in great measure separated from the left ventricle, but remains an integral part of the right ventricle, of which it forms the infundibulum[WP]." [Wikipedia:Bulbus_cordis] comment: todo - check ZFA subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "primitive right ventricle endocardium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000197, JB:def] xref: EHDAA2:0000197 xref: EHDAA:438 xref: EHDAA:768 xref: EMAPA:16216 xref: EMAPA:16333 xref: FMA:70300 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Gray466.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Gray466.png/200px-Gray466.png xref: ncithesaurus:Bulbus_Cordis xref: SCTID:361525002 xref: TAO:0000173 xref: ZFA:0000173 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart property_value: external_definition "A pear shaped chamber that functions as a capacitor, maintaining continuous blood flow into the gill arches. The bulbus arteriosus has three distinct layers. Hu et al. 2000.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000173", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004707 name: pharyngula stage def: "A stage that follows the blastula, gastrula and neurula stages. At the pharyngula stage, all vertebrate embryos show remarkable similarities." [Wikipedia:Pharyngula] comment: TODO: check with evo-devo biologists synonym: "pharyngula" RELATED [] synonym: "phylotypic stage" EXACT [] xref: OGES:000006 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: preceded_by UBERON:0000110 ! neurula stage [Term] id: UBERON:0004708 name: limb/fin alt_id: UBERON:0009872 comment: this class is the union of the classes limb, pectoral fin and pelvic fin. synonym: "girdle-associated appendage" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "jointed paired lateral appendage" NARROW [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "paired appendage" EXACT [VSAO:0000067] synonym: "pectoral or pelvic appendage" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "pelvic/pectoral appendage" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: VSAO:0000067 is_a: UBERON:0000026 {source="VSAO"} ! appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010707 intersection_of: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex relationship: connected_to UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004357 {evidence="definitional"} ! limb/fin bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0010707 {source="VSAO"} ! appendage girdle complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex [Term] id: UBERON:0004709 name: pelvic appendage alt_id: UBERON:0009876 def: "Paired appendage that consists of the posterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues." [VSAO:0000150] comment: VSAO notes - in contrast to VSAO, we include separate subclasses for limbs and fins synonym: "hindlimb/pelvic fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "pelvic appendage" EXACT [VSAO:0000126] synonym: "pelvic limb/fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "posterior paired appendage" EXACT [VSAO:0000126] xref: VSAO:0000126 is_a: UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 intersection_of: UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005420 {evidence="definitional"} ! pelvic appendage bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex [Term] id: UBERON:0004710 name: pectoral appendage alt_id: UBERON:0009875 def: "Paired appendage that consists of the anterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pectoral girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues." [VSAO:0000150-modified] synonym: "anterior limb/fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "anterior paired appendage" EXACT [VSAO:0000148] synonym: "forelimb - pectoral fin" EXACT [VHOG:0001753] synonym: "forelimb or pectoral fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "forelimb/pectoral fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "pectoral limb/fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: VHOG:0001753 xref: VSAO:0000125 is_a: UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 intersection_of: UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005419 {evidence="definitional"} ! pectoral appendage bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex property_value: homology_notes "While the skeletons of teleost pectoral fins and tetrapod forelimbs are homologous at the level of endoskeletal radials, teleosts and tetrapods do not share homologous skeletal elements at the level of 'individuated' pro-, meso-, and metapterygia. Among osteichthyans, only basal actinopterygians retain the full complement of elements present in non-osteichthyan gnathostomes.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001753", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/jmor.10264 Davis MC, Shubin NH, Force A, Pectoral fin and girdle development in the basal actinopterygians Polyodon spathula and Acipenser transmontanus. Journal of Morphology (2004)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004711 name: jugular vein def: "Any one of the several large veins of the neck that drain blood from the head[BTO]. Veins in the neck which drain the brain, face, and neck into the brachiocephalic or subclavian veins[GAID]. The jugular veins are veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart via the superior vena cava[WP]." [BTO:0001744, Wikipedia:Jugular_vein] synonym: "jugular" RELATED [] synonym: "vena jugularis" RELATED [BTO:0001744] xref: BTO:0001744 xref: EMAPA:18638 xref: GAID:536 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray558.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Gray558.png/200px-Gray558.png xref: MA:0002154 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.498 xref: ncithesaurus:Jugular_Vein xref: SCTID:244403000 is_a: UBERON:0003502 ! neck blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0009141 ! craniocervical region vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0004713 name: corpus cavernosum penis def: "One of the columns of erectile tissue forming the dorsum and sides of the penis." [BTO:0002019, Wikipedia:Corpus_cavernosum_penis] synonym: "cavernous body of penis" RELATED [BTO:0002019] synonym: "corpus cavernosum" BROAD [BTO:0002019] synonym: "corpus cavernosum of penis" EXACT [FMA:19618] synonym: "corpus cavernosum penis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corpus_cavernosum_penis] synonym: "corpus spongiosum penis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [BTO:0002019] synonym: "penile corpus cavernosum" RELATED [BTO:0002019] synonym: "penis erectile tissue" BROAD [MA:0001743] synonym: "spongy body of male urethra" RELATED [BTO:0002019] synonym: "spongy body of penis" RELATED [BTO:0002019] xref: BTO:0002019 xref: EMAPA:29850 xref: EMAPA:29856 xref: FMA:19618 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray1155.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gray1155.png/200px-Gray1155.png xref: MA:0001743 xref: ncithesaurus:Corpora_Cavernosa xref: ncithesaurus:Penis_Erectile_Tissue xref: SCTID:245468004 xref: Wikipedia:Corpus_cavernosum_penis is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0006609 ! corpus cavernosum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 intersection_of: UBERON:0006609 ! corpus cavernosum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis [Term] id: UBERON:0004714 name: septum pellucidum def: "The septum pellucidum is made up of two thin sheets of mostly glial-like elements that abut each other in the midline and have a potential space between them. Those sheets also separate the left and right lateral ventricles from each other. At the base of the sheets rostrally, however, are the septal nuclei, which are important components of the limbic system.a thin, triangular, vertical membrane separating the lateral ventricles of the brain. It separates the anterior horn of the left and right lateral ventricles. It runs as a sheet from the corpus callosum down to the fornix. When the hemispheres are cut apart, the septum remains on one hemisphere, usually the left. The septum pellucidum is implicated in pleasure, mood, rage, sexual gratification and more. Lesions of the septum lead to sham rage. Stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (primary efferent of the septum) restores normal behavior." [BTO:0003448, Wikipedia:Septum_pellucidum] synonym: "pellucidum" RELATED [BTO:0003448] synonym: "septum lucidum" RELATED [BTO:0003448] synonym: "supracommissural septum" EXACT [FMA:61844] xref: BTO:0003448 xref: FMA:61844 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray732.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Gray732.png/200px-Gray732.png xref: MA:0002979 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.276.814 xref: ncithesaurus:Septum_Pellucidum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1315 xref: SCTID:362313003 xref: Wikipedia:Septum_pellucidum is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000446 ! septum of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004715 name: annulus fibrosus disci intervertebralis def: "The ring of fibrocartilage and fibrous tissue forming the circumference of the intervertebral disc; surrounds the nucleus pulposus, which is prone to herniation when the annulus fibrosus is compromised." [BTO:0003629, Wikipedia:Annulus_fibrosus_disci_intervertebralis] synonym: "annulus fibrosus" BROAD [MA:0000111] synonym: "annulus fibrosus of intervertebral disc" RELATED [BTO:0003629] synonym: "anulus fibrosus (diskus intervertebralis)" EXACT [FMA:13551] synonym: "anulus fibrosus of intervertebral disk" EXACT [FMA:13551] synonym: "fibrous ring of intervertebral disc" RELATED [BTO:0003629] xref: BTO:0003629 xref: FMA:13551 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Cervical_vertebra_english.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Cervical_vertebra_english.png/200px-Cervical_vertebra_english.png xref: MA:0000111 xref: Wikipedia:Annulus_fibrosus_disci_intervertebralis is_a: UBERON:0006444 ! annulus fibrosus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001066 intersection_of: UBERON:0006444 ! annulus fibrosus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk disjoint_from: UBERON:0006008 ! fibrous ring of heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk [Term] id: UBERON:0004716 name: conceptus def: "The embryo and its adnexa (appendages or adjunct parts) or associated membranes (i.e. the products of conception) The conceptus includes all structures that develop from the zygote, both embryonic and extraembryonic. It includes the embryo as well as the embryonic part of the placenta and its associated membranes - amnion, chorion (gestational sac), and yolk sac[WP]." [BTO:0003834, Wikipedia:Conceptus] xref: AEO:0000194 xref: BTO:0003834 xref: EHDAA2:0000001 xref: EHDAA2:0003235 xref: ncithesaurus:Conceptus xref: Wikipedia:Conceptus is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: has_part UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0004717 name: Brodmann area 29 def: "A cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the retrosplenial region of the cerebral cortex. In the human it is a narrow band located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded internally by the ectosplenial area 26 and externally by the agranular retrolimbic area 30." [BTO:0003978] synonym: "area 29 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68626] synonym: "brodmann's area 29" EXACT [FMA:68626] synonym: "granular retrolimbic area 29" RELATED [BTO:0003978, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_29] xref: BTO:0003978 xref: FMA:68626 xref: Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_29 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004718 name: Brodmann area 26 def: "In the human this area is called ectosplenial area 26. It is a cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the retrosplenial region of the cerebral cortex. It is a narrow band located in the isthmus of cingulate gyrus adjacent to the fasciolar gyrus internally. It is bounded externally by the granular retrolimbic area 29." [BTO:0003979] synonym: "area 26 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68623] synonym: "ectosplenial area" EXACT [FMA:68623] synonym: "ectosplenial area 26" RELATED [BTO:0003979, Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_26] xref: BTO:0003979 xref: FMA:68623 xref: Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_26 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004719 name: arcuate vein def: "The arcuate vein is a vessel of the renal circulation. It is located at the border of the renal cortex and renal medulla." [Wikipedia:Arcuate_vein] synonym: "arcuate veins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arcuate_vein] synonym: "venae arcuatae renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arcuate_vein] xref: EMAPA:28221 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png/200px-Kidney_PioM.png xref: MA:0002593 xref: Wikipedia:Arcuate_vein is_a: UBERON:0003517 ! kidney blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004720 name: cerebellar vermis def: "Part of the structure of animal brains, the cerebellar vermis is a narrow, wormlike structure between the hemispheres of the cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_vermis] synonym: "cerebellum vermis" EXACT [FMA:76928] synonym: "vermal parts of the cerebellum" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1175] synonym: "vermal regions" EXACT [ABA:VERM] synonym: "vermis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_vermis] synonym: "vermis cerebelli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cerebellar_vermis] synonym: "vermis cerebelli [i-x]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76928, FMA:TA] synonym: "vermis of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:76928] synonym: "vermis of cerebellum [i-x]" EXACT [FMA:76928] xref: ABA:VERM xref: EV:0100298 xref: FMA:76928 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/CerebellumDiv.png/200px-CerebellumDiv.png xref: MA:0000202 xref: ncithesaurus:Vermis xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1175 xref: SCTID:279105006 is_a: UBERON:0002749 ! regional part of cerebellar cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 {source="ABA"} ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004721 name: crista ampullaris def: "The crista ampullaris is the sensory organ of rotation located in the semicircular canal of the inner ear. The function of the crista ampullaris is to sense angular acceleration and deceleration." [Wikipedia:Crista_ampullaris] subset: organ_slim synonym: "ampullary crest" RELATED [MA:0002771] synonym: "ampullary crest of semicircular duct" EXACT [FMA:77714] synonym: "cristae ampullares" RELATED [Wikipedia:Crista_ampullaris] xref: FMA:77714 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Semicircular_canal_-_ampulla.png xref: MA:0002771 xref: ncithesaurus:Ampullary_Crest xref: SCTID:368953000 xref: Wikipedia:Crista_ampullaris is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0004043 {source="MA"} ! semicircular canal ampulla [Term] id: UBERON:0004722 name: deep cervical lymph node def: "The deep cervical lymph nodes are a group of cervical lymph nodes found near the internal jugular vein. They can be divided into upper and lower groups, or superior and inferior groups. Alternatively, they can be divided into deep anterior cervical lymph nodes and deep lateral cervical lymph nodes. They can also be divided into three groups: superior deep jugular, middle deep jugular, and 'inferior deep jugular'." [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_lymph_nodes] synonym: "lower jugular nodes" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_lymph_nodes] synonym: "middle jugular nodes" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_lymph_nodes] synonym: "upper jugular nodes" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_lymph_nodes] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Illu_lymph_chain02.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Illu_lymph_chain02.jpg/200px-Illu_lymph_chain02.jpg xref: MA:0002885 xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Cervical_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:279145002 xref: Wikipedia:Deep_cervical_lymph_nodes is_a: UBERON:0002429 ! cervical lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0004723 name: interlobular artery def: "the branches of the arcuate arteries of the kidney that radiate outward throught the renal columns and supply the glomeruli[MP]. The first set of renal bloodvessels, the interlobular arteries (or cortical radiate arteries, or cortical radial arteries), are given off at right angles from the side of the arcuate arteries looking toward the cortical substance, and pass directly outward between the medullary rays to reach the fibrous tunic, where they end in the capillary network of this part. These vessels do not anastomose with each other, but form what are called end-arteries. In their outward course they give off lateral branches; these are the afferent vessels for the renal corpuscles; they enter the capsule, and end in the glomerulus. From each tuft the corresponding efferent vessel arises, and, having made its egress from the capsule near to the point where the afferent vessel enters, breaks up into a number of branches, which form a dense plexus within Bowman's capsule." [MP:0011316, Wikipedia:Interlobular_arteries] synonym: "arteriae corticales radiatae, arteriae interlobulares renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Interlobular_arteries] synonym: "cortical radial arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interlobular_arteries] synonym: "interlobular" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interlobular_arteries] synonym: "interlobular renal artery" EXACT [FMA:70498] synonym: "kidney interlobular artery" EXACT [MP:0011316] xref: EMAPA:28212 xref: FMA:70498 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png xref: MA:0002584 xref: ncithesaurus:Interlobular_Artery xref: SCTID:76147008 xref: Wikipedia:Interlobular_arteries is_a: UBERON:0003644 ! kidney arterial blood vessel disjoint_from: UBERON:0009885 ! interlobar artery [Term] id: UBERON:0004724 name: medial palpebral ligament def: "The medial palpebral ligament (tendo oculi), about 4 mm. in length and 2 mm. in breadth, is attached to the frontal process of the maxilla in front of the lacrimal groove. Crossing the lacrimal sac, it divides into two parts, upper and lower, each attached to the medial end of the corresponding tarsus. As the ligament crosses the lacrimal sac, a strong aponeurotic is given off from its posterior surface; this expands over the sac, and is attached to the posterior lacrimal crest." [Wikipedia:Medial_palpebral_ligament] synonym: "l. palpebrale mediale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_palpebral_ligament] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Gray894.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Gray894.png/200px-Gray894.png xref: MA:0001258 xref: ncithesaurus:Medial_Palpebral_Ligament xref: SCTID:280578002 xref: Wikipedia:Medial_palpebral_ligament is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament is_a: UBERON:0003581 ! eyelid connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus [Term] id: UBERON:0004725 name: piriform cortex def: "In anatomy of animals, the piriform cortex, or pyriform cortex is a region in the brain. The piriform cortex is part of the rhinencephalon situated in the telencephalon. The function of the piriform cortex relates to olfaction, which is the perception of smells. Sometimes called the olfactory cortex, olfactory lobe or paleopallium, piriform cortical regions are present in the brains of amphibians, reptiles and mammals. The piriform cortex is among three areas that emerge in the telencephalon of amphibians, situated caudally to a dorsal area, which is caudal to a hippocampal area. Farther along the phylogenic timeline, the telencephalic bulb of reptiles as viewed in a cross section of the transverse plane extends with the archipallial hippocampus folding toward the midline and down as the dorsal area begins to form a recognizable cortex. As mammalian cerebrums developed, volume of the dorsal cortex increased in slightly greater proportion, as compared proportionally with increased overall brain volume, until it enveloped the hippocampal regions. Recognized as neopallium or neocortex, enlarged dorsal areas envelop the paleopallial piriform cortex in humans and Old World monkeys. Among taxonomic groupings of mammals, the piriform cortex and the olfactory bulb become proportionally smaller in the brains of phylogenically younger species. The piriform cortex occupies a greater proportion of the overall brain and of the telencephalic brains of insectivores than in primates. The piriform cortex continues to occupy a consistent albeit small and declining proportion of the increasingly large telencephalon in the most recent primate species while the volume of the olfactory bulb becomes less in proportion. It is Brodmann area 27." [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] synonym: "cortex piriformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] synonym: "piriform area" RELATED [BTO:0002651, MA:0000978] synonym: "piriform lobe" RELATED [BTO:0002651] synonym: "primary olfactory areas" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2706] synonym: "primary olfactory cortex" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] synonym: "pyriform cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] synonym: "pyriform lobe" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex] xref: BTO:0002651 xref: EV:0100178 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG/200px-Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: MA:0000978 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1097 xref: SCTID:369098004 xref: Wikipedia:Piriform_cortex is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002894 ! olfactory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0004726 name: vasa recta def: "In the blood supply of the kidney, the vasa recta renis (or straight arteries of kidney, or straight arterioles of kidney) form a series of straight capillaries in the medulla. They lie parallel to the loop of Henle. These vessels branch off the efferent arterioles of juxtamedullary nephrons (those nephrons closest to the medulla), enter the medulla, and surround the loop of Henle." [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta] comment: TODO - is this a vein or set of veins? in MA it is a venous blood vessel synonym: "arteria recta" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta] synonym: "arteriae rectae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta] synonym: "arteriolae rectae renis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72006, FMA:TA] synonym: "arteriolae rectae renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta] synonym: "arteriolae recti" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta] synonym: "kidney vasa recta" EXACT [MP:0011324] synonym: "renal medullary capillary" EXACT [EMAPA:30043] synonym: "set of straight arterioles of kidney" EXACT [FMA:72006] synonym: "straight arterioles of kidney" EXACT [FMA:72006] synonym: "vasa recta of kidney" EXACT [FMA:72006] synonym: "vasa recta renis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72006, FMA:TA] synonym: "vasa rectae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vasa_recta] xref: EMAPA:30043 xref: FMA:72006 xref: galen:ArteriaeRectae xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Kidney_nephron.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Kidney_nephron.png/200px-Kidney_nephron.png xref: MA:0002595 is_a: UBERON:0001140 ! renal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0004727 name: cochlear nerve def: "a nerve in the head that carries signals from the cochlea of the inner ear to the brain. It is part of the vestibulocochlear nerve, the 8th cranial nerve which is found in higher vertebrates; the other portion of the 8th cranial nerve is the vestibular nerve which carries spatial orientation information from the semicircular canals. The cochlear nerve is a sensory nerve, one which conducts to the brain information about the environment, in this case acoustic energy impinging on the tympanic membrane. The cochlear nerve arises from within the cochlea and extends to the brainstem, where its fibers make contact with the cochlear nucleus, the next stage of neural processing in the auditory system[WP]." [ISBN:Wikipedia:Cochlear_nerve] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "auditory nerve" EXACT [FMA:53431] synonym: "cochlear root of acoustic nerve" EXACT [FMA:53431] synonym: "cochlear root of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53431] synonym: "nervus vestibulocochlearis" RELATED [BTO:0003490] synonym: "vestibulocochlear VIII nerve cochlear component" EXACT [MA:0001110] xref: BM:VIIIN xref: BTO:0003490 xref: EHDAA2:0002195 xref: FMA:53431 xref: GAID:723 xref: MA:0001110 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.120.910.120 xref: ncithesaurus:Cochlear_Nerve xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rwIhQfZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:280286001 xref: VHOG:0001182 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001648 ! vestibulocochlear nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0004728 name: amphibian larval stage def: "Amphibian larvae, sometimes called pollywogs or tadpoles, hatch from eggs and begin to grow limbs and other adult physical features at various times, depending on the species, before they metamorphose into the adult form." [GO:0002117] comment: AO notes: the XAO class denotes a stage synonym: "larva" RELATED [XAO:1000008] synonym: "polliwog" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "polliwog stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "tadpole" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] synonym: "tadpole stage" NARROW SENSU [Wikipedia:Larva] xref: XAO:1000008 is_a: UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage [Term] id: UBERON:0004729 name: nematode larval stage def: "Nematode larval development begins with the newly hatched first-stage larva (L1) and ends with the end of the last larval stage (for example the fourth larval stage (L4) in C. elegans). Each stage of nematode larval development is characterized by proliferation of specific cell lineages and an increase in body size without alteration of the basic body plan. Nematode larval stages are separated by molts in which each stage-specific exoskeleton, or cuticle, is shed and replaced anew." [GO:0002119] xref: WBls:0000023 is_a: UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage [Term] id: UBERON:0004730 name: instar larval stage def: "This begins with the newly hatched first-instar larva, through its maturation to the end of the last larval stage. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GO:0002168] xref: FBdv:00005336 is_a: UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage [Term] id: UBERON:0004731 name: neuromere def: "A segment of the developing neural tube[MP]. A metameric segment of the central nervous system[ZFA]. morphologically or molecularly defined transient segments of the early developing brain. Rhombomeres are such segments that make up the rhombencephalon or hindbrain. [WP]." [MP:0003208, Wikipedia:Neuromere] comment: WP says: "More controversially, some argue that there exist early developmental segments that give rise to structures of the midbrain (mesomeres) and forebrain (prosomeres).". Note that ZFA has spinal neuromere synonym: "neural segment" EXACT [] synonym: "neural tube segment" EXACT [] synonym: "neuromere" EXACT [] synonym: "neuromeres" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001328] xref: TAO:0001328 xref: ZFA:0001328 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 intersection_of: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube property_value: external_definition "A metameric segment of the central nervous system.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001328", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} created_by: Melissa Haendel creation_date: 2009-06-18T09:00:04Z [Term] id: UBERON:0004732 name: segmental subdivision of nervous system def: "An organ segment that is part of a nervous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor note: revisit this after CARO is revised and/or we have defined metameric segment synonym: "neuromere" RELATED [FBbt:00005140] xref: FBbt:00005140 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 intersection_of: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0004733 name: segmental subdivision of hindbrain def: "An organ segment that is part of a hindbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hindbrain segment" EXACT [FMA:61998] synonym: "segment of hindbrain" EXACT [FMA:61998] xref: FMA:61998 is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0004734 name: gastrula alt_id: UBERON:0007012 def: "Organism at the gastrula stage." [Wikipedia:Gastrula, Wikipedia:Trilaminar_blastocyst] comment: We explicitly merge the NCITA terms here synonym: "blastocystis trilaminaris" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "gastrula embryo" EXACT [BILA:0000060] synonym: "trilaminar blastocyst" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "trilaminar blastoderm" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "trilaminar disc" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "trilaminar disk" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "trilaminar germ" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] xref: BILA:0000060 xref: BTO:0001403 xref: GAID:1302 xref: MESH:A.16.254.412 xref: MIAA:0000179 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrula xref: ncithesaurus:Trilaminar_Embryonic_Disc is_a: UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000109 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000109 ! gastrula stage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000307 ! blastula relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000109 ! gastrula stage [Term] id: UBERON:0004735 name: archenteron def: "The cavity of a gastrula forming a primitive gut[BTO]. The primitive gut that forms during gastrulation in the developing blastula. It develops into the digestive tract of an animal. As primary mesenchyme cells detach from the vegetal pole in the blastula and enter the fluid filled cavity in the center (the blastocoel), the remaining cells at the vegetal pole flatten to form a vegetal plate. This buckles inwards towards the blastocoel in a process called invagination. The cells continue to be rearranged until the shallow dip formed by invagination transforms into a deeper, narrower pouch formed by the gastrula's endoderm. This narrowing and lengthening of the archenteron is driven by convergent extension. The open end of the archenteron is called the blastopore. The filopodia--thin fibers formed by the mesenchyme cells--found in a late gastrula contract to drag the tip of the archenteron across the blastocoel. The endoderm of the archenteron will fuse with the ectoderm of the blastocoel wall. At this point gastrulation is complete, and the gastrula has a functional digestive tube. The indentation that is actually formed is called the lip of the blastopore in amphibians and fish, and the primitive streak in birds and mammals. Each is controlled by the dorsal blastopore, and primitive node (also known as Hensen's node), respectively." [Wikipedia:Archenteron] synonym: "gastrocoel" RELATED [XAO:0000092] synonym: "mesenteron" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] xref: AAO:0010430 xref: BTO:0001696 xref: XAO:0000092 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004734 ! gastrula relationship: part_of UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 {source="http://zfin.org/zf_info/zfbook/stages/gast.html"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004736 name: metanephric glomerulus def: "glomerulus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros." [GO:0072224] synonym: "glomerulus of metanephros" EXACT [] xref: VHOG:0001242 is_a: UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0004737 name: metanephric collecting duct def: "A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a metanephros [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "collecting duct of metanephros" EXACT [] synonym: "metanephric collecting tubule" RELATED [VHOG:0000983] xref: VHOG:0000983 is_a: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0004738 name: metanephric juxtaglomerular apparatus def: "juxtaglomerular apparatus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros." [GO:0072206] synonym: "juxtaglomerular apparatus of metanephros" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002303 ! juxtaglomerular apparatus is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0002303 ! juxtaglomerular apparatus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0004739 name: pronephric glomerulus alt_id: UBERON:0004191 def: "The glomus forms from the splanchnic intermediate mesoderm and is the vascularized filtration unit, filtering the blood before it enters the tubules. The glomus is external to the nephron and extends over more than one body segment" [GO:0072013] comment: a glomus differs from a glomerulus in that each vascular glomus services several tubules. ISBN10:0073040584 "Vertebrates, Kardong" synonym: "glomerulus of pronephros" EXACT [] synonym: "glomus" EXACT [XAO:0000318] synonym: "pronephric glomera" RELATED [VHOG:0001237] synonym: "pronephric glomeruli" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001237] synonym: "pronephric glomus" RELATED [VHOG:0001237] xref: AAO:0011049 xref: SCTID:360548001 xref: TAO:0001557 xref: VHOG:0001237 xref: XAO:0000318 xref: ZFA:0001557 is_a: UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 intersection_of: UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007128 ! glomeral mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros property_value: external_definition "Paired highly vascularized portion of the pronephros. Left and right glomeruli are fused at the midline. Begins to function between 40 and 48hpf. Drummond, 2000.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001557", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The filtration unit of the pronephric kidney. A glomus is a glomerulus that spans more than one body segment. It is the vascularized filter of the pronephric kidney. Blood is filtered through the glomus and the filtrate deposited into the coelom early in development, or the nephrocoel later in development. The Xenopus glomus contains podocytes with well developed foot processes that are anatomically indistinguishable from the podocytes of adult glomeruli. The two glomera are linked via a narrow bridge called the glomeral nexus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011049", ontology="AAO", source="PMID:9268568", source="XAO:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The teleost pronephros shares many essential features with the amphibian pronephros including its derivation from mesoderm associated with the coelom and the derivation of the glomerular blood supply from the medial dorsal aorta. However, unlike the pronephros of amphibians, which have an external glomus and tubules with nephrostomes open to the coelom, the mature teleost pronephros has no connection to the body cavity and instead functions as a closed system (reference 1); This variation in nephron types [with external glomeruli that open into the coelom and with internal glomeruli that do not connect with the coelom] and their pattern of distribution suggest an evolutionary sequence. Ancestral craniates probably had an external glomerulus and nephrostomes, as do the first few to develop in very primitive craniates. (...) The mechanism would become more efficient as the coelomic recess into which each glomerulus discharged became a part of the tubule, that is, grew around the glomerulus as a renal capsule. The glomerulus becomes internal. The nephrostomes were lost during subsequent evolution, leaving the type of renal tubule found in most vertebrates (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001237", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:9806915 Drummond IA, Majumdar A, Hentschel H, Elger M, Solnica-Krezel L, Schier AF, Neuhauss SCF, Stemple DL, Zwartkruis F, Rangini Z, Driever W, Fishman MC, Early development of the zebrafish pronephros and analysis of mutations affecting pronephric function. Development (1998), ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.636", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004740 name: basibranchial def: "Median ventral cartilage or bony element at the ventral point of a branchial arch, behind the tongue." [http://www.fishbase.org/Glossary/Glossary.php?q=basibranchial&sc=is, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/basibranchial] synonym: "basibranchial bone" EXACT [TAO:0000170] synonym: "basibranchials" EXACT [ZFA:0000170] synonym: "copula I" RELATED [AAO:0000686] xref: AAO:0000686 xref: EFO:0003503 xref: TAO:0000170 xref: ZFA:0000170 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003457 ! head bone is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005886 {source="ZFA"} ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch skeleton property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from copula (TAO:0001220)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000170", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of hyoid apparatus skeleton (AAO:0000682)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000686", ontology="AAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass basibranchial element (TAO:0001914)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000170", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Medial element to which other parts of the hyoid apparatus are attached.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000686", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994"} property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is ventral, median, and associated with a single pharyngeal arch in the pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000170", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004741 name: cleithrum def: "Dermal bone on the margin of the scapula. The cleithrum is attached to the skull in fishes, but free from the latter in amphibians and disappears early in the evolution of reptiles." [VSAO:0000187, Wikipedia:Cleithrum] comment: Taxon notes: Found in some early members of Chelonia (e.g. Triassochelys), but missing in all later forms.[VSAO] synonym: "cleithra" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000184] synonym: "cleithrum bone" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "cleithrum@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000184] synonym: "clithra@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000184] synonym: "clithrum@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000184] xref: AAO:0000750 xref: EFO:0003507 xref: TAO:0000184 xref: VSAO:0000187 xref: ZFA:0000184 is_a: UBERON:0007829 ! pectoral girdle bone is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060210-7", source="ZFA"} ! dermal bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003113 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:32443"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="ZFA"} ! skeleton of pectoral girdle property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000750", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_comment "Commonly, the cleithrum is a large, well-ossified bone provided with a dorsal and a ventral arm that form an angle of about 90 or a few more degrees. The dorsal arm may end in a sharp or spine-like process to articulate with the supracleithrum. At the confluence of both arms the bone presents a blade extending postero-ventrally and that may have different development among fishes. The anterior edge of the cleithrum is usually thick and may produce a medial plate of different degrees of development.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000184", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that articulates dorsally with the supracleithrum and ventro-medially with the scapula and coracoid and mesocoracoid bone when the last bone is present. With the posttemporal and supracleithrum, the cleithrum supports the primary pectoral girdle. The cleithrum is located immediately behind the branchial cavity.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000184", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Paired bones of intramembranous origin. Each cleithrum extends medially from a point near the suprascapular-scapular articulation to invest the anterior margin of the suprascapula, and occasionoally it may extend to the dorsal (medial) surface. Usually, this bone is bifurcate.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000750", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004742 name: dentary def: "The dentary is a dermal bone that forms the antero-lateral part of the lower jaw in fishes and amphibians, extending to the whole lower jaw in mammals[VHOG,modified]." [VHOG:0001022] comment: Taxon notes: In lobe-finned fishes and the early fossil tetrapods, the bone homologous to the mandible of mammals is merely the largest of several bones in the lower jaw. In such animals, it is referred to as the dentary bone, and forms the body of the outer surface of the jaw. It is bordered below by a number of splenial bones, while the angle of the jaw is formed by a lower angular bone and a suprangular bone just above it. The inner surface of the jaw is lined by a prearticular bone, while the articular bone forms the articulation with the skull proper. Finally a set of three narrow coronoid bones lie above the prearticular bone. As the name implies, the majority of the teeth are attached to the dentary, but there are commonly also teeth on the coronoid bones, and sometimes on the prearticular as well. This complex primitive pattern has, however, been simplified to various degrees in the great majority of vertebrates, as bones have either fused or vanished entirely. In teleosts, only the dentary, articular, and angular bones remain, while in living amphibians, the dentary is accompanied only by the prearticular, and, in salamanders, one of the coronoids. The lower jaw of reptiles has only a single coronoid and splenial, but retains all the other primitive bones except the prearticular. synonym: "dentale" RELATED [AAO:0000124] synonym: "dentaries" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000191] synonym: "dentary bone" EXACT [ZFA:0000191] synonym: "os dentale" RELATED [AAO:0000124] synonym: "sur-angulaire" RELATED [AAO:0000124] xref: AAO:0000124 xref: EFO:0003508 xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/images/Dentary1.gif xref: TAO:0000191 xref: VHOG:0001022 xref: ZFA:0000191 is_a: UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="ZFA"} ! dermal bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010336 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mandibular process mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003324 {source="EHDAA2-modified"} ! mesenchyme of lower jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="mandibular series", source="ZFA"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 {source="VHOG"} ! skeleton of lower jaw property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps dentary-anguloarticular joint (TAO:0001749)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000191", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that is usually the anteriormost bone of the lower jaw, and that articulates with the angular, or anguloarticular bone, posteriorly, and carries part of the mandibular sensory canal and pore openings of the mandibular sensory canal on its lateral surface. The dentary is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000191", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG"} property_value: external_definition "Ossified element of intramembranous origin that invests the lateral margin of Meckel's cartilage thereby forming the lateral side of the mandible in anurans and salamanders (Duellman & Trueb, 1994:293). In caecilians, the dentary is part of a compound bone termed the pseudodentary.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000124", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "The dentary is a dermal bone that forms the antero-lateral part of the lower jaw in fishes and amphibians. In mammals the lower jaw consists entirely of the dentary bone. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Grande_L, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF, ZFA:0000191_and_Liem_KF, p.248][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001022", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Of all these bones [dentary, splenials, coronoids, angular, surangular and prearticular], only the dentary remains in the lower jaw of a mammal.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001022", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.248", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004743 name: coracoid bone def: "Endochondral bone that is paired and forms part of the socket for the humerus in tetrapods and acts as base of the pectoral fin in fish." [VSAO:curator, Wikipedia:Coracoid] comment: Editor notes: check developmental relationships. Taxon notes: In Theria, coracoid bones non-existent or fused with the shoulder blades to form coracoid processes[WP]. Procoracoid+coracoid are homologuous with coracoid of teleostomi. The coracoid is a triangular shaped-bone that usually has an anteriorly directed long process that may joins its counterpart in some fish groups. It may be perforated by the coracoid foramen or it may be notched dorsally and forms the scapulo-coracoid foramen together with a similar notch of the ventral margin of the scapula[VSAO] Terminology notes: see discussion in Kardong - suggests using procoracoid (anterior coracoid) for the element in birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish, and reserving coracoid for the new synapsid/therian structure. synonym: "clavicula" RELATED [AAO:0000764] synonym: "clavicula posterior" RELATED [AAO:0000764] synonym: "clavicula vera" RELATED [AAO:0000764] synonym: "coracocïde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000332] synonym: "coracoid" EXACT [ZFA:0000332] synonym: "coracoideum" RELATED [AAO:0000764] synonym: "coracoidien" RELATED [AAO:0000764] synonym: "coracoids" EXACT [ZFA:0000332] synonym: "hypocoracocïde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000332] synonym: "metacoracoid " RELATED [VSAO:0000158] synonym: "pars sternalis scapulae" RELATED [AAO:0000764] xref: AAO:0000764 xref: TAO:0000332 xref: VSAO:0000158 xref: ZFA:0000332 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="VSAO"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0007829 ! pectoral girdle bone disjoint_from: UBERON:0006633 ! coracoid process of scapula relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004753 ! scapulocoracoid relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of pectoral girdle property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of zonal element (AAO:0000936)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000764", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_comment "The coracoid is a triangular shaped-bone that usually has an anteriorly directed long process that may joins its counterpart in some fish groups. It may be perforated by the coracoid foramen or it may be notched dorsally and forms the scapulo-coracoid foramen together with a similar notch of the ventral margin of the scapula.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000332", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that articulates dorsally with the scapula and with the mesocoracoid when the latter is present, posteriorly with the lower two or three proximal radials and antero-ventrally with the cleithrum. The coracoid develops from the scapulo-coracoid cartilage. The coracoid is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000332", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Paired cartilaginous structures or endochondral bones located on the posterolateral portions of the zonal area of the pectoral girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000764", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32525 {reference="ISBN:0-03-910284-X"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004744 name: articular/anguloarticular def: "." [Wikipedia:Articular] comment: Editor notes: We create different classes for articular and malleus, in contrast to VHOG. Taxon notes (from VHOG): "According to this theory [Reichert-Gaupp theory], the mammalian stapes is derived from the reptilian columella, the incus from the quadrate and the malleus from the articular [...]" Gerrie J, The phylogeny of the mammalian tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1948) 62:339-357. Note that TAO has a distinct class for articular - in fact we need (at least) 3 classes here - articular, anguloarticular and malleus, arranged into a single VHOG group // TODO - resolve part_of relationships synonym: "angulaire" RELATED [AAO:0000028] synonym: "angulare" RELATED [AAO:0000028] synonym: "angulo-articular" EXACT [TAO:0000467] synonym: "anguloarticular" EXACT [ZFA:0000467] synonym: "anguloarticular - malleus" EXACT [VHOG:0000690] synonym: "articular" EXACT [ZFA:0000467] synonym: "dermarticulare" RELATED [AAO:0000028] synonym: "goniale" RELATED [AAO:0000028] synonym: "operculo angulaire" RELATED [AAO:0000028] xref: AAO:0000028 xref: EFO:0003530 xref: TAO:0000467 xref: VHOG:0000690 xref: ZFA:0000467 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="ZFA"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="ZFA"} ! dermal bone is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011002 {source="ZFA"} ! articular cartilage condensation relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003113 {source="ZFA-modifed", source="cjm"} ! dermatocranium relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003278 {source="AAO"} ! skeleton of lower jaw property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from articular bone (TAO:0001805)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000467", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps dentary-anguloarticular joint (TAO:0001749)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000467", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_comment "The presence of an anguloarticular is interpreted as a synapomorphy of the Clupeocephala (Patterson and Rosen, 1977; Arratia, 1999).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000467", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal and endochondral compound bone that results from the fusion of the dermal angular and the endochondral articular and forms the posterior part of the lower jaw. It articulates with the dentary anteriorly and with the retroarticular postero-medially. The anguloarticular is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000467", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral ossification of the posterior articular part of Meckel's cartilage.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000028", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0001689 {source="VHOG"} property_value: homology_notes "According to this theory (Reichert-Gaupp theory), the mammalian stapes is derived from the reptilian columella, the incus from the quadrate and the malleus from the articular (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000690", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S0022215100009087 Gerrie J, The phylogeny of the mammalian tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1948", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004745 name: parasphenoid def: "a tooth- or denticle-covered plate which is attached to the sphenoid stem[Palaeos]." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/sphenethmoid.html] synonym: "keilbein" RELATED [AAO:0000385] synonym: "os parasphenoidale" RELATED [AAO:0000385] synonym: "os sphenoideum" RELATED [AAO:0000385] synonym: "parabasale" RELATED [AAO:0000385] xref: AAO:0000385 xref: TAO:0000561 xref: ZFA:0000561 is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone is_a: UBERON:0012071 ! palate bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 {source="ZFA-modified"} ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 {source="ZFA"} ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003111 {source="ZFA"} ! sphenoid region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003112 {source="ZFA"} ! olfactory region relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 {source="Kardong", notes="palatal series"} ! palatal part of dermatocranium property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps parasphenoid-basioccipital joint (TAO:0001832)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000561", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps parasphenoid-pterosphenoid joint (TAO:0002217)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000561", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000385", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Azygous, dermal bone of intramembranous origin that underlies the ventral surface of the braincase in anurans and salamanders. In caecilians, the parasphenoid and other bones are fused to form the Os basale.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000385", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that forms part of the base of the skull and the lateral walls of the braincase through its ascending processes. It may articulate with the vomer anteriorly, the prootics and exoccipitals laterally, and the basioccipital posteriorly. The parasphenoid is an elongate median bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000561", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004746 name: prootic bone def: "Paired, endochondral bones forming the anterior, and lateral walls of the otic capsules." [AAO:0000514] synonym: "prootic" EXACT [AAO:0000514] synonym: "prootics" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000575] xref: AAO:0000514 xref: EFO:0003542 xref: TAO:0000575 xref: ZFA:0000575 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004637 ! otic capsule relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005410 ! cartilaginous otic capsule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="Kardong"} ! chondrocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003110 ! otic region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from basal plate cartilage (TAO:0001425)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000575", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps orbitosphenoid-prootic joint (TAO:0001794)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000575", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps prootic-exoccipital joint (TAO:0002034)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000575", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps prootic-pterosphenoid joint (TAO:0002033)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000575", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: develops_from neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000575", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000575", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that sutures with the pterosphenoid anteriorly, the sphenotic and pterotic dorsally, the parasphenoid ventrally, the basioccipital postero-ventrally, the exoccipital posteriorly, and occasionally, with the intercalar posteriorly. The dorsal edge of the prootic contributes to the hyomandibular facet. The prootic bears foramina that accommodate branches of the trigeminal and facial nerves. The prootic is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000575", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004747 name: supraoccipital bone alt_id: UBERON:0005237 comment: Taxon notes (via VHOG): See Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution, Fourth Edition (2006) McGraw-Hill, p.237 Table 7.1 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "acrinial@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000595] synonym: "acrinioste@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000595] synonym: "supraoccipital" EXACT [VHOG:0001150] synonym: "supraoccipital@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000595] xref: MA:0001474 xref: SCTID:95947006 xref: TAO:0000595 xref: VHOG:0001150 xref: ZFA:0000595 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011162 ! supraoccipital cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001676 {source="Kardong", gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:40674"} ! occipital bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005902 {source="TAO"} ! occipital region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps supraoccipital-parietal joint (TAO:0005264)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000595", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: overlaps neurocranium (TAO:0001580) CHANGED TO: part_of neurocranium (UBERON:0001703)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000595", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "a bone on the dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, usually forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but distinct in the young..[TFD]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", source="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Supraoccipital"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that is located at the dorsal part of the occipital region of the cranium or the dorso-posterior part of the skull. It forms the dorsal margin of the foramen magnum. Commonly the supraoccipital articulates with the parietals anteriorly, the epiotics laterally, and the exoccipitals posteroventrally. The supraoccipital is an unpaired median bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000595", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG"} property_value: external_definition "The supraoccipital ties the occiput to the dermal skull table.[Palaeos]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", source="http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/occiput.html"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004748 name: obsolete autopalatine property_value: external_definition "Sliver of bone that invest part of or all the posterior aspect of each antorbital plane.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000372", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "The cartilaginous autopalatine forms from the anterior palatoquadrate arch. The first sign of ossification is visible at the anterior tip where it articulates with the maxilla (7.6 mm). In adults there are three processes at the anterior portion of the palatine: a ventromedial process, which forms the socket of the small ball- and- socket joint with the preethmoid; a dorsomedial process, which is connected by a short ligament to the ethmoid; and a lateral process, which extends toward the first infraorbital. Possession of a dorsomedial process, which abuts the ethmoid, is a unique feature shared by Cypriniformes (Fink and Fink, 1981). The palatine has two components, the autopalatine (derived from pars autopalatine) and the dermal component having teeth, the dermopalatine Arratia & Schultze 1990. The element in cypriniforms is only the cartilage part, so that it is more correct to name it autopalatine and not as palatine in general that it implies a fusion of elements (as in perciforms).[ZFA]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-08", external_class="ZFA:0000620", ontology="ZFA", source="ZFIN:curator"} is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004749 name: blastodisc def: "a small, circular, white spot (approximately 2-3 mm across) on the surface of the yellow yolk of an egg that has been laid. The nucleus of the egg is in the germinal disc." [Wikipedia:Germinal_disc] synonym: "germinal disc" EXACT [Wikipedia:Germinal_disc] xref: AAO:0000043 xref: BTO:0000494 xref: BTO:0001504 xref: TAO:0001175 xref: ZFA:0001175 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0004750 name: blastoderm def: "A layer of cells formed at one pole of macrolecithal eggs such as the yolky egg of birds. The yolk prevents the division from taking place through the egg, resulting in meroblastic cleavage during the many cleavage divisions. At the animal pole (containing less yolk than the vegetal pole), the zygote divides and subdivides, forming the blastoderm, which gradually spreads around the yolk and forms the embryo. The blastoderm is composed of two layers, the epiblast and the hypoblast, which enclose the fluid-filled blastocoel cavity." [Wikipedia:Blastoderm] xref: AAO:0000042 xref: BTO:0000126 xref: MESH:A.16.254.085.067 xref: TAO:0001176 xref: ZFA:0001176 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004749 ! blastodisc relationship: has_part UBERON:0000089 ! hypoblast (generic) relationship: has_part UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) [Term] id: UBERON:0004751 name: hypohyal bone synonym: "hypohyals" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001381] xref: AAO:0000958 xref: TAO:0001381 xref: ZFA:0001381 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="TAO"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011613 ! hypohyal element relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011610 {source="TAO"} ! ceratohyal cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011612 {source="TAO"} ! hypohyal cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 {source="AAO"} ! hyoid apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011153 {source="TAO"} ! ventral hyoid arch skeleton property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of hyoid apparatus skeleton (AAO:0000682)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000958", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Paired element that articulates anterioly with the basihyal and posteriorly with the ceratohyal hypohyals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000958", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the anterior ceratohyal posteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001381", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004752 name: palatoquadrate cartilage def: "the dorsal component of the mandibular arch" [Wikipedia:Palatoquadrate] synonym: "dorsal mandibular cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001399] synonym: "palatoquadrate" EXACT [AAO:0000379] synonym: "pterygoquadrate" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0001399] synonym: "quadrate cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001399] xref: AAO:0000379 xref: TAO:0001399 xref: ZFA:0001399 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011004 {source="ZFA"} ! pharyngeal arch cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0003108 {source="AAO"} ! suspensorium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011085 {source="ZFA"} ! dorsal pharyngeal arch 1 property_value: external_definition "Column of catilage, remnant in the adult of the larval palatoquadrate cartilage, that is located lateral or antero-lateral to the auditory capsule.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000379", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004753 name: scapulocoracoid def: "Skeletal element that consists of the scapula and the coracoid[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0005002, Wikipedia:Scapulocoracoid] comment: AO notes: ZFA defines as precursor to scapula and coracoid. Cartilage in TAO. Editor notes: todo - decide whether to create separate classes for cartilage & ossified. Wikipedia considers this absent in Therians, but if considered as a grouping of scapula and coracoid then it would be present synonym: "coraco-scapular cartilage" NARROW [ZFA:0001455] synonym: "scapulo-coracoid cartilage" NARROW [TAO:0001455] synonym: "scapulocoracoid cartilage" NARROW [TAO:0001455] synonym: "scapulocoracoideum" EXACT [VSAO:0005002] xref: AAO:0000781 xref: TAO:0001455 xref: VSAO:0005002 xref: ZFA:0001455 is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of pectoral girdle property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000781", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "either a fusion of the scapula and coracoid (the two main bones of the shoulder girdle), or the scapula & coracoid considered as a single structural unit.[Palaeos]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-10", source="http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryS.html"} property_value: external_definition "Fused, ossified portions of the scapula, procoracoid, and coracoid.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000781", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Pectoral fin cartilage that consists of a paired cartilaginous plate of the embryonic primary pectoral girdle and from which the scapular and coracaoid bones ossify.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001455", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004754 name: foramen ovale of heart def: "In the fetal heart, the foramen ovale (also ostium secundum of Born or falx septi) allows blood to enter the left atrium from the right atrium. It is one of two fetal cardiac shunts, the other being the ductus arteriosus (which allows blood that still escapes to the right ventricle to bypass the pulmonary circulation). Another similar adaptation in the fetus is the ductus venosus. In most individuals, the foramen ovale (pronounced /fɒˈreɪmən oʊˈvɑːli/) closes at birth. It later forms the fossa ovalis[WP]." [Wikipedia:Foramen_ovale_(heart)] synonym: "Bottalo's foramen" EXACT [FMA:86043] synonym: "falx septi" EXACT [Wikipedia:Foramen_ovale_(heart)] synonym: "foramen ovale" NARROW [galen:ForamenOvale, MA:0001873] synonym: "foramen ovale cordis" EXACT [galen:ForamenOvaleCordis] synonym: "ostium secundum of Born" EXACT [Wikipedia:Foramen_ovale_(heart)] xref: EHDAA2:0004142 xref: EMAPA:18244 xref: FMA:86043 xref: galen:ForamenOvaleCordis xref: MA:0001873 xref: ncithesaurus:Oval_Foramen xref: SCTID:362015004 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space disjoint_from: UBERON:0006678 ! foramen secundum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0002085 ! interatrial septum [Term] id: UBERON:0004755 name: skeletal tissue def: "Connective tissue that functions in mechanical and structural support." [VSAO:0000015] comment: Four classes of mineralized tissues are found in vertebrates: bone, cartilage, dentine, and enamel. We think of cartilage and bone as skeletal tissues and of enamel and dentine as dental tissues, but enamel and dentine arose evolutionarily together with bone as skeletal tissues in the dermal skeleton (exoskeleton) of early vertebrates. Scales and teeth of sharks are examples of dermal skeletal elements that are still composed of the three ancient components-enamel, dentine, and bone. Cartilage, on the other hand, provided the basis for the second vertebrate skeletal system, the endoskeleton (Smith and Hall, 1990; Hall, 1998a,b). some invertebrate skeletal tissues have surprisingly bone-like features. Examples include chondrocytes interconnected by cell processes in cephalopod cartilages (Cole and Hall, 2004a,b), and the calcium phosphate layer in the shells of brachiopods (Rodland et al., 2003). However, neither bone nor mineralized cartilage have been found in invertebrates. Editors notes: TODO - develops_from synonym: "mineralized tissue" NARROW [] xref: SCTID:309311006 xref: VSAO:0000015 xref: XAO:0004038 xref: ZFA:0005619 is_a: UBERON:0002384 {source="VSAO"} ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from skeletogenic cell (CL:0007001)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000015", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: external_definition "A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000015", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004756 name: dermal skeletal element def: "dermis-derived entity that is made of skeletal tissue." [] synonym: "dermal element" EXACT [VSAO:curator] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002067 relationship: has_part UBERON:0004755 intersection_of: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002067 ! dermis intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0004755 ! skeletal tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: has_part UBERON:0004755 ! skeletal tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0004757 name: rectal gland def: "An evagination of the terminal portion of the intestine of Elasmobranchii. Function formerly thought to be related to digestion or excretion, but now considered to secrete high concentrations of excess sodium chloride. Found also in the coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae[BTO]." [BTO:0001157] comment: does not include FMA:15724 Rectal gland // epithelial tissue gland - concentrates & secretes excess Na & Cl in sharks. large shark liver produces copious amounts of urea, making the shark hyperosmotic to seawater, & thus a shark acts like a fresh water fish, constantly gaining water. Excess salts are concentrated by the rectal gland and secreted subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0001157 xref: SCTID:80455007 is_a: UBERON:0003408 ! gland of gut is_a: UBERON:0004758 ! salt gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001052 ! rectum [Term] id: UBERON:0004758 name: salt gland def: "an organ for excreting excess salts. It is found in elasmobranchs, seabirds, and some reptiles. In sharks, salt glands are found in the rectum, but in birds and reptiles, they are found in or on the skull, in the area of the eyes, nostrils or mouth. In crocodiles, the salt is excreted through the tongue. Such glands work by active transport via sodium-potassium pump that moves salt from the blood into the gland, where it can be excreted as a concentrated solution. Salt glands function to keep salt balance, and allow marine vertebrates to drink seawater[WP]." [Wikipedia:Salt_gland] subset: functional_classification subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0001204 xref: GAID:1235 xref: MESH:A.13.811 is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004759 name: salt gland of cranial region def: "A salt gland located in the cranium or cranial region." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0004758 ! salt gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium [Term] id: UBERON:0004760 name: gland of anal canal def: "A gland that is part of an anal canal [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Anal_gland] subset: organ_slim synonym: "anal gland" RELATED [] synonym: "anal sac" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Anal_gland] synonym: "gland of anal canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gland of anus" RELATED [] synonym: "rectal gland" RELATED [] xref: EMAPA:27221 xref: EMAPA:27233 xref: EMAPA:27543 xref: FMA:15720 xref: FMA:15724 xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Gland xref: SCTID:245448005 is_a: UBERON:0003408 ! gland of gut is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal [Term] id: UBERON:0004761 name: cartilaginous neurocranium def: "the primitive cartilagionous skeletal structure of the fetal skull that grows to envelop the rapidly growing embyonic brain. In humans, the chondrocranium begins forming at 28 days from mesenchymal condensations and is fully formed between week 7 and 9 of fetal development. While the majority of the chondrocranium is succeeded by the bony skull in most higher vertebrates, some components do persist into adulthood.[1] In Cartilagious fishes and Agnathans, the chondrocranium persist throughout life.[2] Embryologically, the chondrocranium represent the basal cranial structure, and lay the base for the formation of the endocranium in higher vertebrates[WP]." [Wikipedia:Chondrocranium] comment: note that in contrast to chondrocranium, this structure is entirely cartiliginous. In Chondricthyes this is the same as the neurocranium. FMA:76621 is an undefined fetal structure, so we assume the correct placement is here. Note that this is distinct from MA:0000317 which is the uberon:neurocranium (the part of the cranium that encloses the brain) synonym: "cartilaginous chondocranium" EXACT [] synonym: "cartilaginous skull" RELATED [] synonym: "cartiligionous skeletal structure of skull" EXACT [] synonym: "chondocranium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chondrocranium] synonym: "embryonic chondocranium" RELATED [] synonym: "neurocranium" RELATED SENSU [] xref: AAO:0000094 xref: AAO:0010153 xref: EHDAA:6031 xref: FMA:76621 xref: ncithesaurus:Chondrocranium xref: SCTID:155540009 xref: XAO:0003059 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009617 {source="PMC1571569"} ! head paraxial mesoderm relationship: has_part UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0004763 name: endochondral bone tissue def: "Replacement bone tissue that forms within cartilage[VSAO, modified]." [GO:0001958, VSAO:0000145, Wikipedia:Endochondral_ossification] comment: The text and logical definition of this term was modified from the definition of 'endochondral bone' in ZFA. AO notes: note the distinction between endochondral bone and endochondral bone tissue. Some bones may be a mixture of both tissue types. The MA class most likely refers to a tissue type subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core xref: MA:0002836 is_a: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0004764 ! intramembranous bone tissue relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004764 name: intramembranous bone tissue def: "Bone tissue that forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues[TAO]. Intramembranous ossification is the formation of bone in which osteoblasts secrete a collagen-proteoglycan matrix that binds calcium salts and becomes calcified[GO]. Intramembranous ossification is the way flat bones and the shell of a turtle are formed[GO]. Unlike endochondral ossification, cartilage is not present during intramembranous ossification[WP]." [GO:0001957, Wikipedia:Intramembranous_ossification] comment: note the distinction between intramembranous bone and intramembranous bone tissue. Some bones may be a mixture of both tissue types. The MA class most likely refers to a tissue type (it is under bone tissue and connective tissue; there are no child classes) xref: MA:0002837 is_a: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004765 name: skeletal element def: "Organ consisting of skeletal tissue. Encompasses whole bones, fused bones, cartilaginious elements, teeth, dermal denticles." [UBERON:cjm] comment: TODO - add more general class for other kinds of mineralized tissue subset: organ_slim subset: uberon_slim xref: AAO:0011129 xref: galen:SkeletalStructure xref: TAO:0001890 xref: VSAO:0000128 xref: XAO:0004012 xref: ZFA:0005494 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 {source="VSAO"} ! skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Organ entity that is typically involved in mechanical support and may have different skeletal tissue compositions at different stages.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000128", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: external_definition "Organ entity that may have different tissue compositions at different stages and is typically involved in mechanical support.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001890", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:VSAO_workshop"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004766 name: cranial bone def: "A bone that is part of a cranium." [UBERON:automatic] comment: Note that here cranium = skull - mandible synonym: "cranium bone" EXACT [UBERON:automatic] xref: SCTID:181792001 is_a: UBERON:0003457 ! head bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium [Term] id: UBERON:0004767 name: vomerine tooth def: "A tooth that is on the vomer." [http://www.encyclo.co.uk/define/Vomerine%20teeth] xref: AAO:0000635 xref: TAO:0001631 is_a: UBERON:0012070 ! palatal tooth relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002396 intersection_of: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0002396 ! vomer relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002396 ! vomer property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: OBO_REL:part_of vomer (TAO:0000308) CHANGED TO: attaches_to vomer (UBERON:0002396)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001631", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Tooth that is attached to the vomer.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001631", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004768 name: bone of lower jaw def: "Any bone that is part of the lower jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the dentary/mandible, the articular, the splenial, the supraangular" [UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor notes: Do not manually classify under here - bones are automatically classified subset: grouping_class synonym: "lower jaw bone" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0004769 name: diaphysis def: "Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between the two epiphyses; together with other the subdivisions of long bone, it constitutes the long bone. Examples: diaphysis of humerus, diaphysis of femur[FMA]. the main or mid section (shaft) of a long bone. It is made up of cortical bone and usually contains bone marrow and adipose tissue (fat)." [Wikipedia:Diaphysis] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "body of long bone" EXACT [] synonym: "long bone diaphysis" EXACT [] synonym: "shaft of long bone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:24013 xref: GAID:189 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg/200px-Illu_long_bone.jpg xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.169 xref: SCTID:361729006 is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone [Term] id: UBERON:0004770 name: articular system def: "Anatomical system that consists of all the joints of the body." [VSAO:0000181] synonym: "joint system" EXACT [FMA:23878] synonym: "set of all joints" RELATED [] synonym: "set of all joints of body" EXACT [FMA:23878] synonym: "set of joints of body" RELATED [FMA:23878] xref: FMA:23878 xref: MA:0003007 xref: SCTID:361827000 xref: VSAO:0000181 is_a: UBERON:0000467 {source="VSAO"} ! anatomical system relationship: has_part UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 {source="FMA"} ! skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0004771 name: posterior nasal aperture def: "Opening/conduit between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx[AAO] The choanae are separated by the vomer[WP]." [AAO:0000093, Wikipedia:Posterior_nasal_apertures] comment: Fish don't have choanae, instead they have two pairs of external nostrils[WP] In addition to tetrapods, the lungfish has internal nostrils too. TODO: check part_of vs adjacent_to nasal cavity. In tetrapods the exhalant nostril (choana) empties into the buccal cavity. synonym: "choana" BROAD [Wikipedia:Choane, XAO:0000277] synonym: "choanae" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000545] synonym: "internal naris" BROAD [MA:0001323] synonym: "nasopharyngeal naris" RELATED [] synonym: "posterior naris" RELATED [VHOG:0000545] xref: AAO:0000093 xref: EHDAA2:0000242 xref: EHDAA:7842 xref: FMA:53143 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Gray855.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gray855.png/200px-Gray855.png xref: MA:0001323 xref: SCTID:244507001 xref: VHOG:0000545 xref: XAO:0000277 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit is_a: UBERON:0010425 ! internal naris relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001728 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001707 intersection_of: UBERON:0000003 ! naris intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001707 ! nasal cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium property_value: external_definition "One of the paired openings from the nasal cavities into the pharynx. [Bemis_WE, Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Vertebrates:_An_Evolutionary_Perspective, Glossary_G-6, Grande_L, Liem_KF, Third_Edition_(2001)_Orlando_Fla.:_Harcourt_College_Publishers, Walker_WF][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000545", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000093", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "The choana, a unique 'internal nostril' opening from the nasal sac into the roof of the mouth, is a key part of the tetrapod (land vertebrate) respiratory system. It was the first component of the tetrapod body plan to evolve, well before the origin of limbs, and is therefore crucial to our understanding of the beginning of the fish-tetrapod transition. (...) Here we present new material of Kenichthys, a 395-million-year-old fossil fish from China, that provides direct evidence for the origin of the choana and establishes its homology: it is indeed a displaced posterior external nostril that, during a brief transitional stage illustrated by Kenichthys, separated the maxilla from the premaxilla.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000545", ontology="VHOG", source="doi:10.1038/nature02843 Zhu M, Ahlberg PE, The origin of the internal nostril in tetrapodes. Nature (2004)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004772 name: eyelid tarsus def: "The tarsi (tarsal plates) are two comparatively thick, elongated plates of dense connective tissue, about 2.5 cm. in length; one is found in each eyelid, and contributes to its form and support. They directly abut the lid margins." [Wikipedia:Tarsus_(eyelids)] comment: Taxon notes: In most taxa (birds, mammals, lizards), the tarsal plate is described as a dense, fibrous connective tissue, possibly including cartilage, present within one or both of the upper and lower eyelids (Gau- thier et al., 1988; Rieppel, 2000). In humans, the tarsal plate of the upper eyelid is composed of collagens types I, III, and V, as well as glycosaminogly- cans (chondroitin sulphate 4 and 6), aggrecan, and cartilage oligomeric matrix proteins but lacks collagen type II as well as chondrocytes (Milz et al., 2005). Thus, for humans, the upper tarsal plate represents neither a truly fibrous nor a truly cartilagi- nous element but instead one that is composed of a unique transitional tissue (Milz et al., 2005). In many birds, lizards, and Sphenodon (the tuatara), the upper eyelid has lim- ited mobility and a putative tarsal plate is instead found within the lower eyelid (Underwood, 1970; Gau- thier et al., 1988). [PMID:16496288] subset: organ_slim synonym: "tarsal plate" EXACT [] synonym: "tarsal plate" EXACT [FMA:59086] synonym: "tarsal plate of eyelid" EXACT [FMA:59086] synonym: "tarsus palpebralis" EXACT [PMID:16496288] xref: FMA:59086 xref: MA:0000270 xref: ncithesaurus:Tarsal_Plate xref: SCTID:362529005 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0000094 ! membrane organ is_a: UBERON:0003581 ! eyelid connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0004773 name: superior eyelid tarsus def: "An eyelid tarsus that is part of a upper eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "superior tarsal plate" EXACT [FMA:59087] synonym: "superior tarsus" EXACT [FMA:59087] synonym: "superior tarsus of eyelid" EXACT [] synonym: "tarsal plate of upper eyelid" EXACT [FMA:59087] synonym: "tarsus of upper eyelid" EXACT [] synonym: "tarsus superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59087, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:59087 xref: MA:0001260 xref: SCTID:368773004 is_a: UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 intersection_of: UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0004774 name: inferior eyelid tarsus def: "An eyelid tarsus that is part of a lower eyelid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inferior tarsal plate" EXACT [FMA:59088] synonym: "inferior tarsus" EXACT [FMA:59088] synonym: "inferior tarsus of eyelid" EXACT [] synonym: "tarsal plate of lower eyelid" EXACT [FMA:59088] synonym: "tarsus inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59088, FMA:TA] synonym: "tarsus of lower eyelid" EXACT [] xref: FMA:59088 xref: MA:0001257 xref: SCTID:368774005 is_a: UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001713 intersection_of: UBERON:0004772 ! eyelid tarsus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0004775 name: outer renal medulla vasa recta def: "A vasa recta that is part of a outer medulla of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney outer medulla vasa recta" EXACT [MP:0011330] synonym: "kidney outer renal medulla vasa recta" EXACT [MP:0011330] synonym: "outer medulla of kidney vasa recta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outer zone of medulla of kidney vasa recta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outer zone of renal medulla vasa recta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasa recta of outer medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasa recta of outer renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasa recta of outer zone of medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasa recta of outer zone of renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002597 is_a: UBERON:0004726 ! vasa recta relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 intersection_of: UBERON:0004726 ! vasa recta intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0004776 name: inner renal medulla vasa recta def: "A vasa recta that is part of a inner medulla of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner medulla of kidney vasa recta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner zone of medulla of kidney vasa recta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner zone of renal medulla vasa recta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "set of inner region of renal pyramids vasa recta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasa recta of inner medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasa recta of inner renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasa recta of inner zone of medulla of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasa recta of inner zone of renal medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vasa recta of set of inner region of renal pyramids" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002596 is_a: UBERON:0004726 ! vasa recta relationship: part_of UBERON:0001294 intersection_of: UBERON:0004726 ! vasa recta intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001294 ! inner medulla of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001294 ! inner medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0004777 name: respiratory system submucosa def: "A submucosa that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001822 is_a: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003570 ! respiratory system connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0004778 name: larynx submucosa def: "A submucosa that is part of a larynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002728 xref: SCTID:361941005 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004777 ! respiratory system submucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0004779 name: respiratory system lamina propria def: "A lamina propria that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001821 is_a: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003570 ! respiratory system connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0004780 name: gastrointestinal system lamina propria xref: MA:0001899 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrointestinal_Tract_Lamina_Propria is_a: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0004781 name: gall bladder lamina propria def: "A lamina propria that is part of a gallbladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary lamina propria" RELATED [MA:0001633] synonym: "gall bladder lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder lamina propria" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder lamina propria mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria mucosa of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lamina propria of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001633 xref: ncithesaurus:Gallbladder_Lamina_Propria is_a: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder [Term] id: UBERON:0004782 name: gastrointestinal system serosa def: "A serous membrane that is part of a digestive system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive system serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive system serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastrointestinal system serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001522 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0004783 name: gall bladder serosa def: "A serous membrane that is part of a gallbladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary serosa" RELATED [MA:0001634] synonym: "gall bladder serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder serosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder serous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serosa of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous coat of gallbladder" EXACT [FMA:14659] synonym: "serous membrane of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "serous membrane of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica serosa (vesica biliaris)" EXACT [FMA:14659] synonym: "tunica serosa vesicae biliaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14659, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:14659 xref: MA:0001634 xref: SCTID:362197006 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder [Term] id: UBERON:0004784 name: heart ventricle wall def: "An anatomical wall that is part of a cardiac ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anatomical wall of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac ventricle anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardiac ventricle wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "heart ventricle anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower chamber of heart wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle of heart anatomical wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricle of heart wall" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ventricular wall" EXACT [FMA:13884] synonym: "wall of cardiac ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of heart ventricle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of lower chamber of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "wall of ventricle" RELATED [MA:0002791] synonym: "wall of ventricle of heart" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:13884 xref: MA:0002791 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0004785 name: respiratory system mucosa def: "A mucosa that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO - split respiratory tract mucosa from respiratory system mucosa synonym: "apparatus respiratorius mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory mucosa" RELATED [BTO:0000973] synonym: "respiratory system mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000973 xref: EMAPA:18334 xref: GAID:304 xref: MA:0001827 xref: MESH:A.04.760 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0004786 name: gastrointestinal system mucosa comment: The gut mucosa of amphioxus has insulin-secreting cells. PMID:16417468 synonym: "digestive tract mucosa" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "gut mucosa" EXACT [BTO:0000546] synonym: "gut mucuous membrane" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "mucosa of gut" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: BTO:0000546 xref: MA:0001521 xref: SCTID:410433007 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006909 {source="BTO-modified"} ! lumen of gut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0004787 name: urethra urothelium def: "A urothelium that is part of a urethra [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethra Uroepithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uroepithelium of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urothelium of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001687 xref: ncithesaurus:Urethra_Transitional_Cell_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000365 ! urothelium is_a: UBERON:0002325 ! epithelium of urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 intersection_of: UBERON:0000365 ! urothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0004788 name: kidney pelvis urothelium def: "A urothelium that is part of a renal pelvis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis transitional epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis Uroepithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis of ureter Uroepithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis of ureter urothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvis transitional epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvis Uroepithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvis urothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "transitional epithelium of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "transitional epithelium of renal pelvis" EXACT [FMA:263264] synonym: "uroepithelium of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uroepithelium of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uroepithelium of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urothelium of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urothelium of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urothelium of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:263264 xref: MA:0002632 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Pelvis_Urothelium is_a: UBERON:0001254 ! urothelium of ureter is_a: UBERON:0004819 ! kidney epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 intersection_of: UBERON:0000365 ! urothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0004789 name: larynx mucous gland def: "A mucous gland that is part of a larynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous gland of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001767 is_a: UBERON:0000414 ! mucous gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 intersection_of: UBERON:0000414 ! mucous gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001824 ! mucosa of larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0004790 name: skin mucous gland comment: Editor notes; See comments for 'skin mucus' subset: organ_slim synonym: "mucous gland of entire skin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous gland of skin of body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin mucus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skin of body mucous gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000148 is_a: UBERON:0000414 ! mucous gland is_a: UBERON:0002419 ! skin gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 intersection_of: UBERON:0000414 ! mucous gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body relationship: part_of UBERON:0002097 ! skin of body [Term] id: UBERON:0004791 name: thymus trabecula def: "A trabecula that is part of a thymus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymic trabecula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thymus gland trabecula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula of thymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trabecula of thymus gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002674 xref: ncithesaurus:Thymic_Trabecula is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 intersection_of: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 ! thymus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002370 {source="MA"} ! thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0004792 name: secretion of endocrine pancreas def: "A secretion that is part of a endocrine pancreas [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endocrine pancreas secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pancreatic endocrine secretion" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Endocrine_Secretion] synonym: "pars endocrina pancreatis secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secretion of pars endocrina pancreatis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002517 xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Endocrine_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0004795 ! pancreas secretion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000016 intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000016 ! endocrine pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0000016 ! endocrine pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0004793 name: secretion of exocrine pancreas def: "A secretion that is part of a exocrine pancreas [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "exocrine pancreas secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pancreatic exocrine secretion" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Exocrine_Secretion] synonym: "pars exocrina pancreatis secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secretion of pars exocrina pancreatis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002518 xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Exocrine_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0004795 ! pancreas secretion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0004794 name: esophagus secretion def: "A secretion that is part of a esophagus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophageal secretion" EXACT [FMA:79662] synonym: "gullet secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secretion of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secretion of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secretion of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:79662 xref: MA:0002514 xref: ncithesaurus:Esophagus_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0004795 name: pancreas secretion def: "A secretion that is part of a pancreas [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pancreatic secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secretion of pancreas" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002516 xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatic_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0004796 name: prostate gland secretion alt_id: UBERON:0010142 def: "A secretion of the prostate this is slightly alkaline fluid, milky or white in appearance. Usually constitutes 20–30% of the volume of the semen along with spermatozoa and seminal vesicle fluid" [Wikipedia:Prostate#Secretions] comment: Taxon notes: Prostatic secretions vary among species. They are generally composed of simple sugars and are often slightly alkaline. synonym: "prostate secretion" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic fluid" EXACT [FMA:66884] synonym: "secretion of prostate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secretion of prostate gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:66884 xref: MA:0002525 xref: ncithesaurus:Prostate_Gland_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0006530 {source="FMA"} ! seminal fluid relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002367 intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004797 name: blood vessel layer xref: MA:0002854 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 intersection_of: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004798 name: respiratory system basal lamina def: "A basal lamina that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius basal lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001816 is_a: UBERON:0000482 ! basal lamina relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0000482 ! basal lamina intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0004799 name: trachea basal lamina def: "A basal lamina that is part of a respiratory airway [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of respiratory airway" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001855 xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Basal_Lamina is_a: UBERON:0004798 ! respiratory system basal lamina relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 intersection_of: UBERON:0000482 ! basal lamina intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway relationship: part_of UBERON:0001005 ! respiratory airway [Term] id: UBERON:0004800 name: bronchus basal lamina def: "A basal lamina that is part of a bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of bronchi" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of bronchial trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "basal lamina of connective tissue of bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi basal lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchi basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk basal lamina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchial trunk basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus basal lamina of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001833 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Basal_Lamina is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004799 ! trachea basal lamina relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0000482 ! basal lamina intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004801 name: cervix epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a uterine cervix [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervical canal epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervical canal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervical canal of uterus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervical canal of uterus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervix epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervix of uterus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cervix of uterus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of cervical canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of cervical canal of uterus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of cervix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of cervix of uterus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of neck of uterus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of uterine cervix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of cervical canal" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of cervical canal of uterus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of cervix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of cervix of uterus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of neck of uterus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of uterine cervix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of uterus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of uterus epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine cervix epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine cervix epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000241 xref: EFO:0001913 xref: MA:0001724 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervix_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006955 ! uterine epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000002 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000002 ! uterine cervix relationship: part_of UBERON:0000002 ! uterine cervix [Term] id: UBERON:0004802 name: respiratory tract epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a respiratory tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "airway epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0000419] synonym: "epithelial tissue of respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0000419] synonym: "respiratory tract epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000419 xref: MA:0001480 xref: SCTID:321764001 xref: VHOG:0000981 is_a: UBERON:0004807 ! respiratory system epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000065 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0000065 ! respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0000072 ! segment of respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004803 name: penis epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a penis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "penis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004039 xref: MA:0001742 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis [Term] id: UBERON:0004804 name: oviduct epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a oviduct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: in FMA, epithelium of uterine tube is a subclass of ciliated columnar epithelium. MA introduces subtypes: ciliated columnar and cuboidal. We map the FMA type according to its relationships, not its label synonym: "epithelial tissue of oviduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of oviduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of uterine tube" EXACT [FMA:62016] synonym: "oviduct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0002402 xref: EMAPA:29043 xref: MA:0001718 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000993 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000993 ! oviduct relationship: part_of UBERON:0000993 ! oviduct relationship: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube [Term] id: UBERON:0004805 name: seminal vesicle epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a seminal vesicle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminal vesicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of seminal vesicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal gland epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal vesicle epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:29771 xref: MA:0001745 xref: ncithesaurus:Seminal_Vesicle_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004910 ! epithelium of male gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0004806 name: vas deferens epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a vas deferens [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deferent duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deferent duct epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus deferens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus deferens epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of deferent duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of deferent duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sperm duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sperm duct epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas deferen epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas deferen epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas deferens epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:29274 xref: FMA:225317 xref: MA:0001749 xref: ncithesaurus:Vas_Deferens_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens [Term] id: UBERON:0004807 name: respiratory system epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001823 xref: VHOG:0000981 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0004808 name: gastrointestinal system epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a digestive system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive system epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive system epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastrointestinal system epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001520 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0004809 name: salivary gland epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a salivary gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of salivary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of salivary gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "salivary gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0004421 xref: EMAPA:17753 xref: EMAPA:17756 xref: MA:0001587 is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {source="Wikipathways:WP2062"} ! skin basal layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004810 name: nephron tubule epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a nephron tubule [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of nephron tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of renal tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of tubulus renalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of nephron tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of renal tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of tubulus renalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney tubule epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001681] synonym: "nephron tubule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nephron tubule epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal tubule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tubulus renalis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tubulus renalis epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001681 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Tubule_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004211 ! nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0004811 name: endometrium epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a endometrium [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: AO notes: this is an only child term in MA. Taxon notes: In rodents and primates, the uterine epithelium (the endometrium) is eroded away so that maternal blood comes into direct contact with the trophoblast surface (called haemochorial) [PMID:19829370] synonym: "endometrium epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of endometrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of endometrium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of tunica mucosa (endometrium)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine epithelium" RELATED [PMID:19829370] xref: MA:0002731 is_a: UBERON:0006955 ! uterine epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001295 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001295 ! endometrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001295 ! endometrium [Term] id: UBERON:0004812 name: male prepuce epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a prepuce of penis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: NCITA term may be sex-neutral synonym: "epithelial tissue of foreskin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of penile prepuce" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of prepuce" BROAD [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of prepuce of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of foreskin" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of penile prepuce" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of prepuce" BROAD [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of prepuce of penis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foreskin epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "foreskin epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "penile prepuce epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "penile prepuce epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prepuce epithelial tissue" BROAD [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prepuce epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001753] synonym: "prepuce of penis epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prepuce of penis epithelium" BROAD [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:30638 xref: EMAPA:30655 xref: MA:0001753 xref: ncithesaurus:Prepuce_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004803 ! penis epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001332 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001332 ! prepuce of penis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001332 ! prepuce of penis [Term] id: UBERON:0004813 name: seminiferous tubule epithelium def: "The epithelium lining the seminiferous tubules composed of primary male germ cells (spermatogonia) and supporting sertoli cells. As spermatogenesis proceeds, the developing germ cells migrate toward the lumen. The adluminal compartment, the inner two thirds of the tubules, contains spermatocytes and the more advanced germ cells[GAID]." [Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(male)] synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubule of testis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of seminiferous tubule" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of seminiferous tubule of testis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "germinal epithelium (male)" EXACT [Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(male)] synonym: "male germinal epithelium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(male)] synonym: "seminiferous epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0001811] synonym: "seminiferous tubule epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "testis germinal epithelium" EXACT [VHOG:0000631] synonym: "wall of seminiferous tubule" EXACT [Wikipedia:Germinal_epithelium_(male)] xref: BTO:0001811 xref: EHDAA:8148 xref: FMA:19885 xref: GAID:401 xref: MA:0001748 xref: MESH:A.05.360.444.849.700.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Seminiferous_Epithelium xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002009 xref: VHOG:0000631 is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium is_a: UBERON:0004910 ! epithelium of male gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0001343 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001343 ! seminiferous tubule of testis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001343 ! seminiferous tubule of testis [Term] id: UBERON:0004814 name: upper respiratory tract epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a upper respiratory tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of upper respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of upper respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper respiratory tract epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001912 is_a: UBERON:0004802 ! respiratory tract epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 ! upper respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004815 name: lower respiratory tract epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of lower respiratory tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower respiratory tract epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001481 is_a: UBERON:0004802 ! respiratory tract epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004816 name: larynx epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a larynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of larynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngeal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "larynx epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0004065 xref: MA:0001765 xref: ncithesaurus:Laryngeal_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004814 ! upper respiratory tract epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0004817 name: lacrimal gland epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a lacrimal gland [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of lacrimal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of lacrimal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lacrimal gland epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001297 is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001817 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004818 name: terminal bronchus epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a terminal bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of terminal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of terminal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal bronchus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001851 is_a: UBERON:0002031 ! epithelium of bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002041 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002041 ! terminal bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002041 ! terminal bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004819 name: kidney epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of kidney" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000059 xref: MA:0002846 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0004820 name: bile duct epithelium def: "Epithelium of the gallbladder and the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts." [BTO:0001513] comment: todo - check if BTO terms need merged synonym: "bile duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary duct epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0001513] synonym: "epithelial tissue of bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of biliary duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of biliary duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000417 xref: BTO:0001513 xref: MA:0001629 xref: ncithesaurus:Bile_Duct_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002394 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002394 ! bile duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002394 ! bile duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004821 name: pulmonary alveolus epithelium def: "the epithelial layer of the alveoli[MP]. The layer of cells covering the lining of the tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles[BTO]." [BTO:0003511, MP:0010898] synonym: "alveolus epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "alveolus epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001771] synonym: "epithelial tissue of alveolus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of alveolus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of pulmonary alveolus" EXACT [FMA:63915] synonym: "pulmonary alveolar epithelium" EXACT [FMA:63915] synonym: "pulmonary alveolus epithelium" EXACT [MP:0010898] xref: BTO:0003511 xref: FMA:63915 xref: MA:0001771 is_a: UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000487 {source="FMA"} ! simple squamous epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0004894 {source="FMA"} ! alveolar wall [Term] id: UBERON:0004822 name: extrahepatic bile duct epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a extrahepatic bile duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of extrahepatic bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of extrahepatic bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "extrahepatic bile duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002661 xref: ncithesaurus:Extrahepatic_Bile_Duct_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004820 ! bile duct epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003703 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004823 name: intrahepatic bile duct epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a intrahepatic bile duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelial tissue of intrahepatic bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epithelium of intrahepatic bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intrahepatic bile duct epithelial tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002662 xref: ncithesaurus:Intrahepatic_Bile_Duct_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004820 ! bile duct epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003704 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003704 ! intrahepatic bile duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0003704 ! intrahepatic bile duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004825 name: dental lamina def: "a band of epithelial tissue seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. The dental lamina is first evidence of tooth development and begins at the sixth week in utero or three weeks after the rupture of the buccopharyngeal membrane. It is formed when cells of the oral ectoderm proliferate faster than cells of other areas. Best described as an in-growth of oral ectoderm, the dental lamina is frequently distinguished from the vestibular lamina, which develops concurrently. This dividing tissue is surrounded by and, some would argue, stimulated by ectomysenchymal growth. When it is present, the dental lamina connects the developing tooth bud to the epithelium of the oral cavity. Eventually, the dental lamina disintegrates into small clusters of epithelium and is resorbed. In situations when the clusters are not resorbed, (this remanent of the dental lamina is sometimes known as the glands of Serres) eruption cysts are formed over the developing tooth and delay its eruption into the oral cavity. This invagination of ectodermal tissues is the progenitor to the later ameloblasts and enamel while the ectomysenchyme is responsible for the odontogenic papilla and later odontoblasts." [Wikipedia:Dental_lamina] comment: Homology notes: In the epidermis of embryonic birds, there remains a transient thickening that is comparable to the early formation of the dental lamina in the mouse[PMID:10954731]. AO notes: check MA placement, this structure is the developing structure synonym: "embryonic dental lamina" EXACT [] synonym: "lamina dentalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dental_lamina] xref: EMAPA:18292 xref: EMAPA:18295 xref: EMAPA:18298 xref: EMAPA:18301 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Dentallamina11-17-05.jpg xref: MA:0001597 xref: SCTID:362862007 is_a: UBERON:0000957 ! lamina is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 {source="MA"} ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0004827 name: thyroid gland medulla def: "A medulla that is part of a thyroid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla of thyroid" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla of thyroid follicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla of thyroid gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "medulla of thyroid gland follicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thyroid follicle medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thyroid gland follicle medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thyroid medulla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000132 is_a: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 intersection_of: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0004829 name: urethra skeletal muscle def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a urethra [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethra skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urethral skeletal muscle" RELATED [MA:0001690] xref: MA:0001690 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0003829 ! urethra muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004830 name: respiratory system skeletal muscle def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001829 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0004831 name: esophagus skeletal muscle def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a esophagus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "esophagus skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gullet skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oesophagus skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of esophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of gullet" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of oesophagus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001572 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003898 ! skeletal muscle of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003832 ! esophagus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0004832 name: anal region skeletal muscle def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of an anal region [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal part of perineum skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal part of perineum skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal region skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal triangle skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "anal triangle skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of anal part of perineum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of anal region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of anal triangle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001530 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0004833 name: lip skeletal muscle def: "A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a lip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lip skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle of lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue of lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001578 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003899 ! skeletal muscle of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001833 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip [Term] id: UBERON:0004834 name: hepatic duct smooth muscle xref: MA:0001640 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0005171 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0005171 ! hepatic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004835 name: epididymis smooth muscle def: "A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a epididymis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epididymis involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epididymis non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epididymis smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epididymus involuntary muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epididymus non-striated muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epididymus smooth muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epididymus smooth muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of epididymis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "involuntary muscle of epididymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of epididymis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "non-striated muscle of epididymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of epididymis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle of epididymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of epididymis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "smooth muscle tissue of epididymus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001736 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0004848 name: respiratory system arterial endothelium def: "An endothelium of artery that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius arterial endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius artery endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of artery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arterial endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "arterial endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "artery endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "artery endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of artery of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of artery of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system artery endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of artery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001801 is_a: UBERON:0001917 ! endothelium of artery is_a: UBERON:0004702 ! respiratory system blood vessel endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001917 ! endothelium of artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003643 ! respiratory system arterial blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004849 name: respiratory system venous endothelium def: "An endothelium of vein that is part of a respiratory system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius endothelium of vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius vein endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "apparatus respiratorius venous endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of vein of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of vein of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system endothelium of vein" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory system vein endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vein endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "venous endothelium of apparatus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "venous endothelium of respiratory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001811 is_a: UBERON:0001919 ! endothelium of vein is_a: UBERON:0004702 ! respiratory system blood vessel endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001919 ! endothelium of vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003476 ! respiratory system venous blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0004850 name: lymph node endothelium def: "An endothelium that is part of a lymph node [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of lymph node" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000741 is_a: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0004851 name: aorta endothelium def: "An endothelium that is part of an aorta [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "adult aorta endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of adult aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of aorta" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of trunk of aortic tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "endothelium of trunk of systemic arterial tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of aortic tree endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trunk of systemic arterial tree endothelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0000394 xref: EFO:0002597 xref: MA:0000701 xref: ncithesaurus:Aorta_Endothelium is_a: UBERON:0001917 ! endothelium of artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta relationship: part_of UBERON:0000947 ! aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0004852 name: cardiovascular system endothelium def: "An endothelium that is part of the cardiovascular system." [UBERON:cjm] comment: consider merging with 'endothelium' subset: vertebrate_core xref: BTO:0001853 xref: GAID:519 xref: MA:0000717 xref: MESH:A.07.231.330 xref: TAO:0002171 xref: VHOG:0001217 xref: XAO:0000356 xref: ZFA:0001639 is_a: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system property_value: homology_notes "Vertebrates and a very few invertebrates such as squids have evolved a secondary epithelium, the endothelium, that lines their blood vessels.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001217", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030259821 Ruppert EE, Fox RS, Barnes RD, Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach (2003) p.207", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004854 name: gastrointestinal system mesentery def: "A mesentery that is part of a digestive system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "digestive system mesentery" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesentery of digestive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mesentery of gastrointestinal system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001900 is_a: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery is_a: UBERON:0004782 ! gastrointestinal system serosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0004857 name: skeletal muscle connective tissue synonym: "connective tissue of skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "connective tissue of skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "portion of connective tissue of skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle interstitial tissue" RELATED [MA:0002868] synonym: "skeletal muscle interstitum" RELATED [MA:0002868] synonym: "skeletal muscle portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue portion of connective tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "skeletal muscle tissue textus connectivus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of skeletal muscle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "textus connectivus of skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002868 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001134 intersection_of: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0004858 name: cellular cartilage xref: MA:0000105 xref: SCTID:81997001 is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0004859 name: eye gland def: "A gland that is part of a eye [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "gland of eye" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000267 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0004860 name: obsolete brain ventricular zone is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0003053 [Term] id: UBERON:0004861 name: right lung alveolus def: "An alveolus that is part of a right lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "alveolus of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19184 xref: EMAPA:19186 xref: EMAPA:19188 xref: EMAPA:19190 xref: MA:0001786 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Lung_Alveolus is_a: UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0003215 ! alveolus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0006526 ! right lung alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0004862 name: left lung alveolus def: "An alveolus that is part of a left lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "alveolus of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "alveolus of lobe of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:19182 xref: MA:0001777 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Lung_Alveolus is_a: UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0003215 ! alveolus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0006525 ! left lung alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0004863 name: thoracic sympathetic nerve trunk def: "A sympathetic nerve trunk that is part of a thorax [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sympathetic nerve trunk of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk of thorax" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thoracic part of sympathetic trunk" EXACT [FMA:6262] synonym: "thoracic sympathetic chain" EXACT [FMA:6262] synonym: "thoracic sympathetic trunk" RELATED [FMA:6262] synonym: "thorax nerve trunk of sympathetic nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax nerve trunk of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax sympathetic nerve trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "thorax sympathetic nervous system nerve trunk" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:6262 xref: MA:0001165 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Sympathetic_Nerve_Trunk is_a: UBERON:0004295 ! sympathetic nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0004295 ! sympathetic nerve trunk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0004864 name: vasculature of retina def: "A vasculature that is part of a retina [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "retina vasculature" EXACT [GO:0061298] synonym: "retina vasculature of camera-type eye" EXACT [GO:0061298] synonym: "retinal blood vessels" EXACT [FMA:76552] synonym: "retinal blood vessels set" EXACT [FMA:76552] synonym: "retinal vasculature" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "set of blood vessels of retina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "set of retinal blood vessels" EXACT [FMA:76552] synonym: "vasa sanguinea retinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76552, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:76552 xref: MESH:A.07.231.611 xref: XAO:0004153 is_a: UBERON:0002203 ! vasculature of eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina [Term] id: UBERON:0004865 name: teleost parietal bone def: "Dermal bone that covers the otic region and may articulate with its antimere medially, with the frontal bone anteriorly, the pterotic laterally, the supraoccipital medio-posteriorly, and the epiotic and extrascapula latero-posteriorly. The parietal is a paired bone.[TAO]" [TAO:0000486, TAO:GA_TG] synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW [FMA:52734] synonym: "parietal bone" NARROW SENSU [TAO:0000486] synonym: "parietals" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000486] synonym: "post parietal" RELATED [ZFA:0000486] synonym: "teleost parietal" EXACT [] xref: TAO:0000486 xref: VHOG:0001327 xref: ZFA:0000486 is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 {source="ZFA"} ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003110 {source="ZFA"} ! otic region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="ZFA"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 {source="PMID:11523816"} ! vault of skull property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps frontal-parietal joint (TAO:0005255)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000486", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps inter-parietal joint (TAO:0005245)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000486", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps posttemporal-parietal joint (TAO:0002059)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000486", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps supraoccipital-parietal joint (TAO:0005264)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000486", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_comment "The parietal is a flat, commonly squarish or rectangular bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000486", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that covers the otic region and may articulate with its antimere medially, with the frontal bone anteriorly, the pterotic laterally, the supraoccipital medio-posteriorly, and the epiotic and extrascapula latero-posteriorly. The parietal is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000486", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG"} property_value: homology_notes "The homologization of cranial bones of actinopterygians with those of sarcopterygians based on the bone names established in human anatomy is favored in order to permit the building of phylogenetic relationship schemes beyond the taxonomic boundaries of osteichthyans (including tetrapods). (...) In actinopterygians, the terms parietal and postparietal bones have to replace the commonly used terms 'frontal' and 'parietal' bones for the two paired bones on the skull roof.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001327", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-3899370805 Arratia G, Schultze HP, Wilson MVH, Mesozoic Fishes 4 - Homology and Phylogeny (2008) p.23-48", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004866 name: teleost frontal bone def: "One of two large elongated paired dermal bones that roof the cranium and bear part of the supraorbital canal. The frontal bones cover the upper edge of the lateral ethmoid, orbitosphenoid and pterosphenoids and overlaps the parietal bone posteriorly." [ZFA:0000514] comment: The frontal bone in teleost fish is the homolog of the parietal bone in tetrapods synonym: "frontal bone" NARROW [TAO:0000514] synonym: "frontals" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000514] synonym: "teleost frontal" EXACT [TAO:0000514] synonym: "teleost frontal bone" EXACT [TAO:0000514] xref: TAO:0000514 xref: VHOG:0001324 xref: ZFA:0000514 is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="ZFA"} ! dermal bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 {source="ZFA-modified"} ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 {source="ZFA"} ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="ZFA"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 {source="PMID:11523816"} ! vault of skull property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps frontal-parietal joint (TAO:0005255)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000514", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps frontal-pterotic joint (TAO:0001711)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000514", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps inter-frontal joint (TAO:0001922)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000514", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps lateral ethmoid-frontal joint (TAO:0002032)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000514", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps mesethmoid-frontal joint (TAO:0001678)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000514", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_comment "The frontal bone may be paired or unpaired. The frontal bone of actinopterygians is homologous to the parietal of tetrapods. Actinopterygians do not have a frontal bone. For details, see Schultze (2008) and Wiley (2008).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000514", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that bears part of the supraorbital canal and usually covers a large area of the neurocranium occupying part of the ethmoidal, orbitosphenoid, and otic regions. Commonly, the frontal bone articulates with its antimere medially, with lateral ethmoid, orbitosphenoid and pterosphenoid ventrolaterally, with supraorbital bone(s), autosphenotic and pterotic laterally, and with parietal posteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000514", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004867 name: orbital cavity comment: AO notes: note that the AAO class is a cavity synonym: "orbit" RELATED [AAO:0000343] xref: AAO:0000343 xref: FMA:84961 xref: SCTID:280541000 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001697 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region [Term] id: UBERON:0004868 name: tapetum lucidum def: "a layer of tissue in the eye of many vertebrate animals, that lies immediately behind or sometimes within the retina. It reflects visible light back through the retina, increasing the light available to the photoreceptors" [Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum] is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010230 ! eyeball of camera-type eye property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9822 [Term] id: UBERON:0004869 name: parietal organ def: "A part of the epithalamus present in some animal species. The eye may be photoreceptive and is usually associated with the pineal gland, regulating circadian rhythmicity and hormone production for thermoregulation. The parietal eye is a part of the epithalamus, which can be divided into two major parts; the epiphysis (the pineal organ, or pineal gland if mostly endocrine) and the parietal organ (often called the parietal eye, or third eye if it is photoreceptive). It arises as an anterior evagination of the pineal organ or as a separate outgrowth of the roof of the diencephalon. In some species, it protrudes through the skull.[4] The parietal eye uses a different biochemical method of detecting light than rod cells or cone cells in a normal vertebrate eye[WP]." [Wikipedia:Parietal_eye] synonym: "parietal eye" EXACT [Wikipedia:Parietal_eye] synonym: "third eye" RELATED [Wikipedia:Parietal_eye] is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001899 ! epithalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0004870 name: superficial cervical lymph node def: "A group of nodes lying along the external jugular vein; they drain the skin and superficial structures over the region of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and anterior cervical regions. Efferent vessels drain to the deep cervical lymph nodes. Lymph nodes can be further subdivided into anterior and lateral groupings." [CL:tm, ref:Stedmans, Wikipedia:Superficial_cervical_lymph_nodes] synonym: "nodi lymphoidei cervicales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superficial_cervical_lymph_nodes] synonym: "prescapular lymph node" RELATED [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Illu_quiz_hn_03.jpg xref: MA:0002886 xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Cervical_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:279144003 is_a: UBERON:0002429 ! cervical lymph node is_a: UBERON:0003968 ! peripheral lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0004871 name: somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm def: "Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the future body wall - underlies the ectoderm[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_plate_mesoderm#Division_into_layers] comment: check BILA synonym: "outer layer of lateral plate mesoderm" EXACT [] synonym: "parietal mesoderm" RELATED [ISBN:9780878932504] synonym: "somatic mesoderm" RELATED [BILA:0000047] xref: AAO:0011100 xref: BILA:0000047 xref: XAO:0000271 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004872 name: splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm def: "Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the circulatory system and future gut wall - overlies endoderm[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_plate_mesoderm#Division_into_layers] comment: AO notes: We group the BILA class here. Considering adding more general class for metazoa grouping cardiogenic successors synonym: "inner layer of lateral plate mesoderm" EXACT [] synonym: "splanchnic mesoderm" RELATED [ISBN:9780878932504] synonym: "visceral mesoderm" BROAD [BILA:0000044, http://www.drugs.com/dict/visceral-mesoderm.html, http://www.stedmans.com/] xref: AAO:0011102 xref: BILA:0000044 xref: XAO:0000276 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004873 name: splanchnopleure def: "a structure created during embryogenesis when the lateral mesoderm splits into two layers - the inner (or splanchnic) layer adheres to the endoderm, and with it forms the splanchnopleure[WP]." [Wikipedia:Splanchnopleure] comment: todo - check relationship to LPM synonym: "ventral splanchnic mesoderm" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intraembryonic_coelom] xref: EHDAA2:0001903 xref: EHDAA:383 xref: EMAPA:16181 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gray16.png/200px-Gray16.png xref: ncithesaurus:Splanchnopleure xref: VHOG:0000558 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004874 name: somatopleure def: "a structure created during embryogenesis when the lateral mesoderm splits into two layers - the outer (or somatic) layer becomes applied to the inner surface of the ectoderm, and with it forms the somatopleure.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Somatopleure] comment: todo - check relationship to LPM xref: EHDAA2:0001847 xref: EHDAA:381 xref: EMAPA:16180 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gray16.png/200px-Gray16.png xref: ncithesaurus:Somatopleure xref: VHOG:0000557 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004875 name: nephrogenic cord def: "a portion of the urogenital ridge which is the source of much of the urinary system[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nephrogenic_cord] comment: part_of or develops_from urogenital ridge? synonym: "chorda nephrogenica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nephrogenic_cord] xref: FMA:72168 xref: ncithesaurus:Nephrogenic_Cord xref: SCTID:361405003 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004876 ! urogenital ridge relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0004876 name: urogenital ridge def: "An embryological structure which give rise to a portion of the external genitalia. It differentiates into two structures: gonadal ridge -- medial -- primarily reproductive system; nephrogenic cord -- lateral -- primarily urinary system. In the female, the urogenital folds become the labia minora. In contrast, the labia majora are formed by the labioscrotal folds; In the male, they form the spongy urethra and a portion of the shaft of the penis, not including the glans.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Urogenital_folds] comment: Less commonly, urogenital fold refers to the fold in the mesonephros which is the precursor of e.g. the suspensory ligament of the ovary. This is the case in older versions of Gray's anatomy[WP] synonym: "urogenital fold" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0001402 xref: EHDAA2:0004022 xref: EMAPA:30888 xref: EMAPA:30899 xref: ncithesaurus:Urogenital_Ridge xref: SCTID:308801004 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004176 ! external reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0004877 name: visceral endoderm def: "Visceral endoderm, a population of extraembyonic endoderm, is an extraembryonic tissue that functions in a regulatory capacity but does not contribute directly to the formation of any adult organs[PMID:15905405]. primitive endoderm-derived tissue which remains in contact with and surrounds the extra-embryonic ectoderm and the epiblast and provides signals for the differentiation and patterning of the epiblast; a small number of visceral endoderm cells also contribute to the endoderm of the embryonic gut[MP]." [MP:0011186, PMID:15905405] comment: Note: Gilbert uses visceral endoderm as a synonym for primitive endoderm/hypoblast xref: BTO:0003487 xref: EFO:0003626 xref: EMAPA:16058 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005292 {source="BTO"} ! extraembryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004878 name: distal visceral endoderm def: "precursors of the anterior visceral endoderm that arises at the distal tip of the embryo[MP]" [MP:0010126] is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004879 name: marginal zone of embryo def: "Belt-like region of presumptive mesoderm at the equator of the late blastula." [XAO:0000068] comment: todo - check subset: early_development synonym: "margin" BROAD [ZFA:0000038] synonym: "marginal zone" BROAD [XAO:0000068] synonym: "margins" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000038] xref: AAO:0010448 xref: TAO:0000038 xref: XAO:0000068 xref: ZFA:0000038 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0004880 name: chordamesoderm def: "The central region of trunk mesoderm. This tissue forms the notochord" [UBERON:cjm] comment: note that WP treats this as synonym of axial mesoderm. Induces neural tube. Gilbert: contains an anterior head process and the notochord. synonym: "axial chorda mesoderm" EXACT [ZFA:0000091] synonym: "chorda mesoderm" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal mesoderm" EXACT [UBERONREF:0000002] synonym: "presumptive notochord" EXACT [ZFA:0000091] xref: AAO:0000478 xref: EFO:0003426 xref: TAO:0000091 xref: ZFA:0000091 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0003068 ! axial mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0004882 name: eponychium def: "Thickened layer of skin surrounding fingernails and toenails. Beneath the cuticle is a thin layer of a membrane known as the pterygium. The function is to protect the area between the nail and epidermis from exposure to harmful bacteria. The vascularization pattern is similar to that of perionychium. The eponychium is the end of the proximal fold that folds back upon itself to shed an epidermal layer of skin onto the newly formed nail plate. This layer of non-living, almost invisible skin is the cuticle that 'rides out' on the surface of the nail plate. Together, the eponychium and the cuticle form a protective seal. The cuticle on the nail plate is dead cells and is often removed during manicure, but the eponychium is living cells and should not be touched.[6] The perionyx is the projecting edge of the eponychium covering the proximal strip of the lunula[WP]." [Wikipedia:Eponychium] synonym: "cuticle" RELATED [MA:0002704] xref: FMA:77859 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Fingernail_label.jpg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Fingernail_label.jpg/200px-Fingernail_label.jpg xref: MA:0002704 xref: SCTID:24631007 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001705 ! nail [Term] id: UBERON:0004883 name: lung mesenchyme def: "the mass of tissue made up of mesenchymal cells in the lung." [GO:0060484] synonym: "lung-associated mesenchyme" EXACT [GO:0060484] synonym: "mesenchyme of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pulmonary mesenchyme" EXACT [GO:0060484] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003081 ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0004884 name: lobar bronchus mesenchyme def: "the mass of tissue composed of mesenchymal cells in the lobar bronchus.." [GO:0060483] synonym: "mesenchyme of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0004883 ! lung mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004885 name: hilum alt_id: UBERON:0004460 def: "An anatomical cavity, depression or pit where structures are attached." [Wikipedia:Hilum_of_kidney_of_lung_of_lymph_node] synonym: "hilus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hilum] xref: EMAPA:19303 xref: FMA:57836 xref: galen:Hilum xref: ncithesaurus:Hilum is_a: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice [Term] id: UBERON:0004886 name: lung hilus def: "A depression on the surface of the lung where the bronchus, blood vessels and nerves enter." [GOC:lung_mtg, ISBN:0721662544] synonym: "hilum of lung" EXACT [] synonym: "hilum pulmonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7330, FMA:TA] synonym: "hilus of lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lung hilum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pulmonary hilum" EXACT [FMA:7330] synonym: "pulmonary hilus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:7330 xref: ncithesaurus:Hilar_Area_of_the_Lung xref: SCTID:264017007 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004885 ! hilum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 intersection_of: UBERON:0004885 ! hilum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0004887 name: left lung hilus def: "A lung hilus that is part of the left lung." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hilum of left lung" EXACT [] synonym: "hilus of left lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left lung hilum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left pulmonary hilum" EXACT [FMA:9751] synonym: "left pulmonary hilus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000962 xref: EHDAA:4965 xref: EMAPA:17980 xref: FMA:9751 xref: MA:0001781 xref: SCTID:361983000 xref: VHOG:0000483 is_a: UBERON:0004886 ! lung hilus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0004886 ! lung hilus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung property_value: external_definition "The part of the left lung that is not covered by pleura and through which blood vessels, bronchi, nerves and lymphatics enter and leave the lung. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000483", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lung+hilus"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004888 name: right lung hilus def: "A lung hilus that is part of the right lung." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hilum of right lung" EXACT [] synonym: "hilus of right lung" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right lung hilum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right pulmonary hilum" EXACT [FMA:7330] synonym: "right pulmonary hilus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001756 xref: EHDAA:4995 xref: EMAPA:17996 xref: FMA:7456 xref: MA:0001790 xref: SCTID:361968005 xref: VHOG:0000482 is_a: UBERON:0004886 ! lung hilus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0004886 ! lung hilus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung property_value: external_definition "The part of the right lung that is not covered by pleura and through which blood vessels, bronchi, nerves and lymphatics enter and leave the lung. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000482", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lung+hilus"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004889 name: lobar bronchus vasculature def: "Vasculature that is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs" [LG:0012616] is_a: UBERON:0000102 ! lung vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004890 name: right lung accessory lobe def: "A specialized lobe of the right lung that extends to the left side of the organism" [LG:0012619] comment: In mouse this is sometimes divided into intermediate and diaphragmatic lobes[ISBN10:0123813611] // In humans, the right lung typically has 3 lobes (superior, middle, inferior). The lobar fissures are often incomplete, making a connection between two apposed lobes. Conversely, more than the expected number of lobes may be produced by new fissures e.g. the azygous lobe of the lung. The additional lobes are termed 'accessory lobes' -- http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/simplepage.cfm?ID=1120927803 synonym: "diaphragmatic lobe" NARROW [ISBN10:0123813611] synonym: "intermediate lobe of right lung" NARROW [ISBN10:0123813611] synonym: "right lung postcaval lobe" EXACT [MA:0000427] xref: EHDAA2:0001731 xref: EHDAA:4971 xref: EMAPA:17981 xref: MA:0000427 xref: VHOG:0000831 is_a: UBERON:0006518 ! right lung lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0004891 name: obsolete lobar bronchus bronchiole comment: This class was obsoleted as it was generated from an incorrect inference from EMAPA is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004892 name: lobar bronchus alveolar system def: "The lobar bronchus alveolar system is where molecules of oxygen and carbon dioxide are passively exchanged, by diffusion, between the gaseous environment and the blood in the lobar bronchus" [LG:0012622] is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004893 name: interalveolar septum def: "A the thin septum that separates adjacent pulmonary alveoli, containing connective tissue constituents of the respiratory tissue and the capillary network of the blood supply of the lung." [LG:0012625, Wikipedia:Alveolar_septum] synonym: "alveolar septum" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "septal bone" RELATED [BTO:0003149] synonym: "septum interalveolare" RELATED [BTO:0003149] xref: BTO:0003149 xref: MA:0000421 xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolar_Septum is_a: UBERON:0003037 ! septum is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002299 intersection_of: UBERON:0003037 ! septum intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0004894 name: alveolar wall def: "A wall that contains the alveoli" [LG:0012626] synonym: "pulmonary alveolar wall" EXACT [FMA:14117] synonym: "pulmonary interalveolar septum" EXACT [FMA:14117] synonym: "wall of pulmonary alveolus" EXACT [FMA:14117] xref: BTO:0002543 xref: FMA:14117 xref: MA:0002568 xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolar_Wall xref: SCTID:361965008 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0004895 name: alveolar smooth muscle def: "Alveolar smooth muscle is a type of non-striated muscle, found within the walls of the alveolus" [LG:0012628] xref: MA:0002759 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004225 ! respiratory system smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0004896 name: right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus def: "The right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus is the major airway within the right lung accessory lobe that starts at the division of the bronchus on the right side and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi" [LG:0012636] synonym: "lobar bronchus of accessory lobe" BROAD [EMAPA:17982] synonym: "lobar bronchus of right lung accessory lobe" EXACT [VHOG:0000239] xref: EHDAA2:0001736 xref: EMAPA:17982 xref: VHOG:0000239 is_a: UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0004890 intersection_of: UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0004897 name: right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme def: "The right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus" [LG:0012640] is_a: UBERON:0004901 ! right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0003404 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004890 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0004898 name: obsolete right lung caudal lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004899 name: right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme def: "The right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus" [LG:0012659] is_a: UBERON:0004901 ! right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002170 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003404 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0004900 name: right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme def: "The right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus" [LG:0012672] is_a: UBERON:0004901 ! right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002174 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003404 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0004901 name: right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme def: "The right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung lobar bronchus" [LG:0012681] is_a: UBERON:0004884 ! lobar bronchus mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0009603 ! right lung associated mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004902 name: urogenital sinus epithelium def: "The fetal urogenital sinus (from which the prostate derives) is a simple cylinder of stratified basal epithelium, surrounded by mesenchyme and positioned between the embryonic bladder and pelvic urethra" [PMID:18977204] comment: we follow EHDAA2 in dividing the UGS into epithelium and lumen synonym: "epithelium of urogenital sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "UGE" EXACT [PMID:18977204] xref: EHDAA2:0004061 is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0009846 ! embryonic cloacal epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000164 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009846 {source="EHDAA2"} ! embryonic cloacal epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0004903 name: bronchoalveolar duct junction def: "A branch point connecting the respiratory bronchioles to the alveolar ducts[MP]." [MP:0004390] is_a: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction relationship: connects UBERON:0002173 ! alveolar duct relationship: connects UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0004904 name: nerve connecting eye with brain def: "A nerve that connects the eye to the brain and carries the impulses formed by the retina to the visual cortex of the brain[BTO]." [BTO:0000966] comment: for the vertebrate-specific structure, see UBERON:0000941 (cranial nerve II) subset: grouping_class synonym: "optic nerve" BROAD [BTO:0000966] synonym: "optic nerve (generic)" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000966 xref: EV:0100351 xref: FBbt:00001956 xref: TADS:0000232 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000955 relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0005388 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0000955 ! brain intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0005388 ! photoreceptor array relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0005388 ! photoreceptor array relationship: part_of UBERON:0002104 ! visual system [Term] id: UBERON:0004905 name: articulation def: "anatomical cluster that connects two or more adjacent skeletal elements or hardened body parts." [] subset: grouping_class xref: FBbt:00005811 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0004906 name: ectodermal gut def: "A portion of the gut that is derived from ectoderm." [GO:0007439] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004185 ! endodermal gut relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004907 name: lower digestive tract def: "the region of the digestive tract extending from the beginning of the intestines to the anus[GO - gut definition]." [Wikipedia:Alimentary_canal#Upper_gastrointestinal_tract] comment: WP: small intestine, large intestine, anus. Anal canal not part of LGIT according to FMA, but anus is considered part of LGIT according to WP. Duodenum overlaps both U/L subset: uberon_slim synonym: "gut" BROAD [GO:0048565] synonym: "lower gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [] synonym: "lower GI tract" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000726 xref: FMA:49179 xref: galen:LowerGastrointestinalTract xref: MA:0000917 xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Gastrointestinal_Tract xref: SCTID:279973004 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0004908 name: upper digestive tract def: "the region of the digestive tract extending from the mouth cavity through pharynx esophagus stomach and duodenum." [Wikipedia:Alimentary_canal#Upper_gastrointestinal_tract] comment: WP: small intestine, large intestine, anus. Anal canal not part of LGIT according to FMA, but anus is considered part of LGIT according to WP. Duodenum overlaps both U/L. In Galen, entire GI tract excludes esophagus subset: uberon_slim synonym: "upper gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [] synonym: "upper GI tract" EXACT [] xref: FMA:49177 xref: galen:UpperGastrointestinalTract xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Gastrointestinal_Tract xref: SCTID:181244000 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 ! foregut [Term] id: UBERON:0004909 name: epithelium of gonad def: "An epithelium surrounding a gonad." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Note that after reasoning this should subsume the more specific germinal epithelium classes. We include the fly structure here although it is not clear if the sheath is an epithelium or a multi-tissue structure that includes epithelium as parts synonym: "gonad epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonadal epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:4032 xref: EHDAA:5931 xref: FBbt:00004859 xref: ncithesaurus:Germinal_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0004910 name: epithelium of male gonad def: "An epithelium surrounding a testis." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Note that after reasoning this should subsume the more specific germinal epithelium classes. We include the fly structure here although it is not clear if the sheath is an epithelium or a multi-tissue structure that includes epithelium as parts synonym: "testis epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "testis sheath" NARROW SENSU [FBbt:00004955] xref: BTO:0001364 xref: EMAPA:17973 xref: FBbt:00004955 is_a: UBERON:0004909 ! epithelium of gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis [Term] id: UBERON:0004911 name: epithelium of female gonad def: "An epithelium surrounding an ovary." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Note that after reasoning this should subsume the more specific germinal epithelium classes. We include the fly structure here although it is not clear if the sheath is an epithelium or a multi-tissue structure that includes epithelium as parts synonym: "ovarian epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ovarian sheath" NARROW SENSU [FBbt:00004896] synonym: "ovary epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0003661 xref: FBbt:00004896 is_a: UBERON:0004909 ! epithelium of gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0004912 name: biliary bud synonym: "hepatic diverticulum" RELATED [EMAPA:16561] xref: EHDAA2:0000171 xref: EMAPA:16561 xref: EMAPA:16565 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Gray1088.png/200px-Gray1088.png xref: VHOG:0001351 is_a: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0009497 ! epithelium of foregut-midgut junction relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004161 {source="EHDAA2-modified"} ! septum transversum relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 {source="EMAPA"} ! foregut-midgut junction [Term] id: UBERON:0004913 name: hepatopancreatic ampulla def: "A dilation of the duodenal papilla that is the opening of the juncture of the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct." [Wikipedia:Ampulla_of_Vater] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ampulla biliaropancreatica" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15076, FMA:TA] synonym: "Ampulla hepatopancreatica, ampulla Vaterii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ampulla_of_Vater] synonym: "ampulla of bile duct" EXACT [FMA:15076] synonym: "ampulla of Vater" EXACT [] synonym: "biliaropancreatic ampulla" EXACT [] synonym: "papilla duodeni major" RELATED [ZFA:0005167] synonym: "papilla Vateri" EXACT [ZFA:0005167] synonym: "Vater's ampulla" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15076 xref: GAID:283 xref: galen:AmpullaOfVater xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Biliary_system_new.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Biliary_system_new.svg/200px-Biliary_system_new.svg.png xref: MESH:A.03.159.183.079.300.900 xref: ncithesaurus:Ampulla_of_Vater xref: SCTID:362200007 xref: TAO:0005167 xref: ZFA:0005167 is_a: UBERON:0003928 ! digestive system duct is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001174 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004914 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004914 ! duodenal papilla relationship: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0004914 ! duodenal papilla property_value: external_definition "Ampulla formed by the union of the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct where they enter the intestine.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005167", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-070212-11", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-080414-12"} [Term] id: UBERON:0004914 name: duodenal papilla def: "." [Wikipedia:Major_duodenal_papilla, Wikipedia:Minor_duodenal_papilla] synonym: "papilla duodenalis" EXACT [] synonym: "papilla duodeni major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Major_duodenal_papilla] synonym: "papilla duodeni minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Minor_duodenal_papilla] synonym: "papilla of duodenum" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18662 xref: EMAPA:18853 xref: FMA:15953 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Gray1057.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Gray1057.png/200px-Gray1057.png xref: SCTID:245389007 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum [Term] id: UBERON:0004915 name: sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla def: "muscular valve that controls the flow of digestive juices (bile and pancreatic juice) through the ampulla of Vater into the second part of the duodenum. Relaxed by the hormone Cholecystokinin (CCK) via vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP).[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sphincter_of_ampulla] synonym: "hepatopancreatic ampullary sphincter" EXACT [FMA:15077] synonym: "musculus sphincter ampullae" EXACT [FMA:15077] synonym: "Oddi's sphincter" EXACT [] synonym: "sphincter of ampulla of vater" EXACT [FMA:15077] synonym: "sphincter of Oddi" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18663 xref: EMAPA:18854 xref: FMA:15077 xref: GAID:285 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Gray1057.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Gray1057.png/200px-Gray1057.png xref: MESH:A.03.159.183.079.300.900.600 xref: ncithesaurus:Sphincter_of_Oddi xref: SCTID:181271000 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011185 ! gastrointestinal sphincter relationship: part_of UBERON:0004913 intersection_of: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004913 ! hepatopancreatic ampulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0004913 ! hepatopancreatic ampulla [Term] id: UBERON:0004916 name: anal sphincter def: "A sphincter muscle in the anal part of the perineum." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0004519 ! muscle of anal triangle is_a: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 intersection_of: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001245 ! anus [Term] id: UBERON:0004917 name: urethral sphincter def: "A sphincter muscle surrounding the urethra." [Wikipedia:Urethral_sphincter] synonym: "sphincter muscle of urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "sphincter of urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "sphincter urethrae" EXACT [] synonym: "urethral sphincter muscle" EXACT [] xref: MA:0002650 xref: SCTID:277855007 xref: SCTID:277857004 is_a: UBERON:0003829 ! urethra muscle is_a: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 intersection_of: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004918 name: internal urethral sphincter def: "a urethral sphincter muscle which constricts the internal urethral orifice. It is the junction of the urethra with the urinary bladder. The muscle is made of smooth muscle, so therefore it is under involuntary control. It is kept tonically contracted by the sympathetic nervous system and during micturition, is relaxed via the parasympathetic nervous system. This is the primary muscle for preventing the release of urine[WP]." [Wikipedia:Internal_sphincter_muscle_of_urethra] synonym: "internal sphincter muscle of urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "internal sphincter of urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "internal urethral sphincter muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus sphincter supracollicularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:45769, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae internus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:45769, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae internus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_sphincter_muscle_of_urethra] synonym: "preprostatic sphincter" EXACT [FMA:45769] synonym: "sphincter urethrae internus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:45769, FMA:TA] synonym: "supracollicular sphincter" EXACT [FMA:45769] xref: FMA:45769 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Gray407.png xref: SCTID:277856008 is_a: UBERON:0004917 ! urethral sphincter relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0002013 {source="dbpedia", notes="Sympathetics from L1-L2 through lumbar splanchnic and hypogastric/pelvic plexus"} ! superior hypogastric nerve plexus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0005303 {source="dbpedia", notes="Sympathetics from L1-L2 through lumbar splanchnic and hypogastric/pelvic plexus"} ! hypogastric nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0004919 name: external urethral sphincter def: "." [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra, Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra] comment: TODO male/female subclasses synonym: "annulus urethralis" EXACT [] synonym: "external sphincter muscle of urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "external sphincter of urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "external urethral sphincter muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "M. urethralis" EXACT [PMID:9879823] synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae externus urethrae femininae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra] synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae externus urethrae masculinae, musculus sphincter urethrae membranaceae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra] synonym: "urethralis" EXACT [MA:0002401, PMID:9879823] synonym: "urethralis muscle" EXACT [PMID:9879823] xref: FMA:85274 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Gray1166.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Gray1142.png xref: MA:0002401 xref: ncithesaurus:Urethralis xref: SCTID:19101001 is_a: UBERON:0004917 ! urethral sphincter relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001274 {source="dbpedia", notes="Junction of the inferior rami of the pubis and ischium to the extent of 1.25 to 2 cm."} ! ischium relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 {source="dbpedia", notes="Junction of the inferior rami of the pubis and ischium to the extent of 1.25 to 2 cm."} ! pubis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0004920 name: obsolete mesoderm of gonad def: "A mesoderm that is part of a gonad [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonad mesoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gonadal mesoderm" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0004921 name: subdivision of digestive tract comment: intended to denote both embryonic and adult structures. Note the FMA grouping here is not quite correct. we include pharynx, esophagus here, we may want an additional term for major subdivisions (fore/mid/hind vs upper/lower) subset: non_informative synonym: "alimentary system subdivision" EXACT [FMA:71131] synonym: "subdivision of alimentary system" EXACT [FMA:71131] xref: FBbt:00100315 xref: FMA:71131 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011216 {source="FMA"} ! organ system subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0004922 name: postnatal subventricular zone def: "A mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the brain ventricles in the adult that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells[MP]. a paired brain structure situated throughout the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles. It has been associated with having four distinct layers of variable thickness and cell density, as well as cellular composition[WP]." [Wikipedia:Subventricular_zone] comment: todo - add layers. AO notes: in BTO:0003090 it is part of the lateral ventricle so we classify with the child term synonym: "adult subventricular zone" EXACT [MP:0004275] synonym: "brain subventricular zone" EXACT [MA:0000817] synonym: "postnatal subventricular zone" EXACT [MP:0004275] synonym: "subependymal layer" RELATED [MP:0004275] synonym: "subependymal plate" RELATED [MP:0004275] synonym: "subependymal zone" RELATED [MP:0004275] synonym: "subventricular zone" EXACT [MA:0000817] synonym: "subventricular zone of brain" EXACT [] synonym: "SVZ" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000817 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004023 ! ganglionic eminence relationship: part_of UBERON:0001890 {source="GO"} ! forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0009953 ! post-embryonic organism [Term] id: UBERON:0004923 name: organ component layer subset: upper_level xref: FMA:82485 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0004924 name: submucosa of pharynx def: "The tissue underlying the tunica mucosa of the pharynx." [BTO:0002113] synonym: "pharyngeal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:75144] synonym: "pharyngobasilar fascia" RELATED [] synonym: "pharynx submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucous coat of pharynx" RELATED [BTO:0002113] synonym: "submucous layer of pharynx" RELATED [BTO:0002113] synonym: "tela submucosa pharyngis" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002113] xref: BTO:0002113 xref: FMA:75144 xref: SCTID:19594009 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004777 ! respiratory system submucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0004925 name: submucosa of laryngopharynx def: "A submucosa that is part of a hypopharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypopharynx submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngeal pharynx submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngopharynx submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of hypopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tela submucosa (pars laryngea pharyngis)" EXACT [FMA:55072] xref: FMA:55072 xref: SCTID:47496006 is_a: UBERON:0004924 ! submucosa of pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0004926 name: submucosa of cystic duct def: "A submucosa that is part of a cystic duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cystic duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cystic ductal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:18013] xref: FMA:18013 is_a: UBERON:0004938 ! submucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001152 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001152 ! cystic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001152 ! cystic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004927 name: submucosa of cecum def: "A submucosa that is part of a cecum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caecum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cecum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intestinum crassum caecum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of intestinum crassum caecum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14999 is_a: UBERON:0003331 ! submucosa of colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001153 ! caecum [Term] id: UBERON:0004928 name: submucosa of appendix def: "A submucosa that is part of an appendix [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "appendiceal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14992] synonym: "appendix submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caecal appendix submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of caecal appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of vermiform appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of vermix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vermiform appendix submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vermix submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14992 xref: SCTID:86833001 is_a: UBERON:0004927 ! submucosa of cecum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001154 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! appendix relationship: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! appendix [Term] id: UBERON:0004929 name: submucosa of ascending colon def: "A submucosa that is part of an ascending colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ascending colon submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15006 is_a: UBERON:0003331 ! submucosa of colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001156 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001156 ! ascending colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001156 ! ascending colon [Term] id: UBERON:0004930 name: submucosa of transverse colon def: "A submucosa that is part of a transverse colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "transverse colon submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15013 is_a: UBERON:0003331 ! submucosa of colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001157 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon [Term] id: UBERON:0004931 name: submucosa of descending colon def: "A submucosa that is part of a descending colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "descending colon submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15020 is_a: UBERON:0003331 ! submucosa of colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001158 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001158 ! descending colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001158 ! descending colon [Term] id: UBERON:0004932 name: submucosa of sigmoid colon def: "A submucosa that is part of a sigmoid colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sigmoid colon submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15027 is_a: UBERON:0003331 ! submucosa of colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001159 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon [Term] id: UBERON:0004933 name: submucosa of fundus of stomach def: "A submucosa that is part of a fundus of stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis) submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fundus of stomach submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach fundus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of stomach fundus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17058 is_a: UBERON:0001200 ! submucosa of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0004934 name: submucosa of body of stomach def: "A submucosa that is part of a body of stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "body of stomach submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare) submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric body submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach body submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of gastric body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of stomach body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17059 is_a: UBERON:0001200 ! submucosa of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001161 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0004935 name: submucosa of cardia of stomach def: "A submucosa that is part of a cardia of stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardia of stomach submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardial part of stomach submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric cardia submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pars cardiaca (gaster) submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach cardiac region submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of cardial part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of gastric cardia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of pars cardiaca (gaster)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of stomach cardiac region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17457 is_a: UBERON:0001200 ! submucosa of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001162 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001162 ! cardia of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001162 ! cardia of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0004936 name: submucosa of pyloric antrum def: "A submucosa that is part of a pyloric antrum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antrum of stomach submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric antrum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of antrum of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17060 is_a: UBERON:0004937 ! submucosa of pylorus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001165 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum [Term] id: UBERON:0004937 name: submucosa of pylorus def: "A submucosa that is part of a pylorus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric part of stomach submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pylorus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach pyloric region submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of stomach pyloric region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17462 is_a: UBERON:0001200 ! submucosa of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus [Term] id: UBERON:0004938 name: submucosa of biliary tree def: "A submucosa that is part of a biliary tree [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary tract submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary tree submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of biliary tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:18009 is_a: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree [Term] id: UBERON:0004939 name: submucosa of common bile duct def: "A submucosa that is part of a common bile duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common bile duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common bile ductal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:18011] synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris) submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:18011 is_a: UBERON:0004938 ! submucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001174 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004940 name: submucosa of common hepatic duct def: "A submucosa that is part of a common hepatic duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common hepatic duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common hepatic ductal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:18014] synonym: "hepatic duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:18014 is_a: UBERON:0004938 ! submucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001175 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004941 name: submucosa of right hepatic duct def: "A submucosa that is part of a right hepatic duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right hepatic duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right hepatic ductal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:18015] xref: FMA:18015 is_a: UBERON:0004938 ! submucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001176 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001176 ! right hepatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001176 ! right hepatic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004942 name: submucosa of left hepatic duct def: "A submucosa that is part of a left hepatic duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left hepatic duct submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left hepatic ductal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:18017] xref: FMA:18017 is_a: UBERON:0004938 ! submucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001177 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001177 ! left hepatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001177 ! left hepatic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004943 name: submucosa of urinary bladder def: "The submucous layer of the wall of the urinary bladder." [BTO:0002117] synonym: "bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucous layer of urinary bladder" RELATED [BTO:0002117] synonym: "tela submucosa vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15929, FMA:TA] synonym: "tela submucosa vesicae urinariae" EXACT [BTO:0002117] synonym: "urinary bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: BTO:0002117 xref: FMA:15929 xref: SCTID:88384001 is_a: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0004944 name: submucosa of trigone of urinary bladder def: "A submucosa that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deep trigone submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Lieutaud ' s trigone submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of Lieutaud ' s trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder trigone submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical trigone submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17852 is_a: UBERON:0004943 ! submucosa of urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001257 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0004945 name: submucosa of neck of urinary bladder def: "A submucosa that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder neck submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of urinary bladder submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder neck submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical neck submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17851 is_a: UBERON:0004943 ! submucosa of urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001258 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0004946 name: submucosa of ileum def: "A submucosa that is part of a ileum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ileal submucosa" EXACT [FMA:14957] synonym: "ileum submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14957 xref: SCTID:65374006 is_a: UBERON:0001205 ! submucosa of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum [Term] id: UBERON:0004947 name: submucosa of right main bronchus def: "A submucosa that is part of a right main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right main bronchial submucosa" EXACT [FMA:13139] synonym: "right main bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right principal bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of right bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of right principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:13139 is_a: UBERON:0004949 ! submucosa of main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002177 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002177 ! right main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002177 ! right main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004948 name: submucosa of left main bronchus def: "A submucosa that is part of a left main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left main bronchial submucosa" EXACT [FMA:13140] synonym: "left main bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left principal bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of left bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of left principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:13140 is_a: UBERON:0004949 ! submucosa of main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002178 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002178 ! left main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002178 ! left main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004949 name: submucosa of main bronchus def: "A submucosa that is part of a main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchial submucosa" EXACT [FMA:13118] synonym: "main bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:13118 is_a: UBERON:0001957 ! submucosa of bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004950 name: submucosa of lobar bronchus def: "A submucosa that is part of a lobar bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobar bronchial submucosa" EXACT [FMA:62669] synonym: "lobar bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:62669 is_a: UBERON:0001957 ! submucosa of bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004951 name: submucosa of segmental bronchus def: "A submucosa that is part of a segmental bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segmental bronchial submucosa" EXACT [FMA:62670] synonym: "segmental bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tertiary bronchus submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:62670 is_a: UBERON:0001957 ! submucosa of bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002184 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0004952 name: submucosa of bronchiole def: "A submucosa that is part of a bronchiole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiole submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobular bronchiole submucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "submucosa of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:62775 is_a: UBERON:0001957 ! submucosa of bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0004980 name: mucosa of ureter def: "A mucosa that is part of a ureter [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosal layer of ureter" EXACT [FMA:15894] synonym: "mucous membrane of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa (ureter)" EXACT [FMA:15894] synonym: "tunica mucosa ureteris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15894, FMA:TA] synonym: "ureter mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ureter mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ureter mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ureter organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ureteral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15894] synonym: "ureteric mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15894] xref: FMA:15894 xref: galen:MucousMembraneOfUreter xref: SCTID:40476001 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0004982 name: mucosa of epiglottis def: "A mucosa that is part of a epiglottis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiglottis mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiglottis mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiglottis mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiglottis organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of epiglottis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of epiglottis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of epiglottis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:64015 xref: SCTID:156751001 is_a: UBERON:0004987 ! mucosa of laryngopharynx is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000388 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis [Term] id: UBERON:0004983 name: mucosa of vagina def: "A mucosa that is part of a vagina [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of vagina" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa vaginae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19975, FMA:TA] synonym: "vagina mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vagina mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vagina mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vagina organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vaginal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:19975] xref: FMA:19975 xref: SCTID:362245006 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0004984 name: mucosa of seminal vesicle def: "A mucosa that is part of a seminal vesicle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of seminal vesicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of seminal vesicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of seminal gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of seminal vesicle" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal gland mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal gland mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal gland mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal gland organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal vesicle mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal vesicle mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal vesicle mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "seminal vesicle organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa glandulae vesiculosae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19405, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:19405 xref: SCTID:252260007 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0004985 name: mucosa of ejaculatory duct def: "A mucosa that is part of a ejaculatory duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ejaculatory duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ejaculatory duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ejaculatory duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ejaculatory duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ejaculatory ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:19373] synonym: "mucosa of organ of ejaculatory duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of ejaculatory duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of ejaculatory duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:19373 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000999 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004986 name: mucosa of deferent duct def: "A mucosa that is part of a vas deferens [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deferent duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deferent duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deferent duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deferent duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deferent ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:19240] synonym: "ductus deferens mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus deferens mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus deferens mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus deferens organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of deferent duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of deferent duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of deferent duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of ductus deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of sperm duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of vas deferen" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of vas deferens" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sperm duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sperm duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sperm duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sperm duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa (ductus deferens)" EXACT [FMA:19240] synonym: "tunica mucosa ductus deferentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19240, FMA:TA] synonym: "vas deferen mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas deferen mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas deferen mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas deferen organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas deferens mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas deferens mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas deferens mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vas deferens organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:19240 xref: SCTID:299626000 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens [Term] id: UBERON:0004987 name: mucosa of laryngopharynx def: "A mucosa that is part of a hypopharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypopharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypopharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypopharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hypopharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngeal pharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngeal pharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngeal pharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngeal pharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngopharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngopharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngopharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "laryngopharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of hypopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of hypopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of laryngopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of hypopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of laryngopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of hypopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of laryngopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:55030 xref: SCTID:362126008 is_a: UBERON:0000355 ! pharyngeal mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0004988 name: mucosa of cystic duct def: "A mucosa that is part of a cystic duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cystic duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cystic duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cystic duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cystic duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cystic ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14690] synonym: "mucosa of organ of cystic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of cystic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of cystic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14690 is_a: UBERON:0004999 ! mucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001152 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001152 ! cystic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001152 ! cystic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0004989 name: mucosa of appendix def: "A mucosa that is part of an appendix [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "appendiceal mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:14991] synonym: "appendix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "appendix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "appendix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "appendix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caecal appendix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caecal appendix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caecal appendix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "caecal appendix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of caecal appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of caecal appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of vermiform appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of vermix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of vermiform appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of vermix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of caecal appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of vermiform appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of vermix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of caecal appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of vermiform appendix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of vermix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vermiform appendix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vermiform appendix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vermiform appendix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vermiform appendix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vermix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vermix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vermix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vermix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14991 xref: SCTID:362155000 is_a: UBERON:0000314 ! cecum mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001154 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! appendix relationship: part_of UBERON:0001154 ! appendix [Term] id: UBERON:0004990 name: mucosa of ascending colon def: "A mucosa that is part of an ascending colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ascending colon mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ascending colon mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ascending colon mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ascending colon organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of ascending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of ascending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of ascending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15005 is_a: UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001156 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001156 ! ascending colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001156 ! ascending colon [Term] id: UBERON:0004991 name: mucosa of transverse colon def: "A mucosa that is part of a transverse colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of transverse colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of transverse colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of transverse colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "transverse colon mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "transverse colon mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "transverse colon mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "transverse colon organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15012 is_a: UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001157 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon [Term] id: UBERON:0004992 name: mucosa of descending colon def: "A mucosa that is part of a descending colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "descending colon mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "descending colon mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "descending colon mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "descending colon organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of descending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of descending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of descending colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15019 is_a: UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001158 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001158 ! descending colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001158 ! descending colon [Term] id: UBERON:0004993 name: mucosa of sigmoid colon def: "A mucosa that is part of a sigmoid colon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of sigmoid colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of sigmoid colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of sigmoid colon" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sigmoid colon mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sigmoid colon mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sigmoid colon mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sigmoid colon organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:15026 is_a: UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001159 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001159 ! sigmoid colon [Term] id: UBERON:0004994 name: mucosa of fundus of stomach def: "A mucosa that is part of a fundus of stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis) mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis) mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis) mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fundus gastricus (ventricularis) organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fundus of stomach mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fundus of stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fundus of stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fundus of stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of fundus of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach fundus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of stomach fundus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of fundus of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach fundus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of fundus gastricus (ventricularis)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of fundus of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach fundus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach fundus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach fundus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach fundus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach fundus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17053 is_a: UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0004995 name: mucosa of body of stomach def: "A mucosa that is part of a body of stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "body of stomach mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "body of stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "body of stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "body of stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare) mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare) mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare) mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "corpus gastricum (ventriculare) organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric body mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric body mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric body mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric body organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of gastric body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of body of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of gastric body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of stomach body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of body of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of gastric body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of body of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of corpus gastricum (ventriculare)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of gastric body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach body" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach body mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach body mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach body mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach body organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17054 is_a: UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001161 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001161 ! body of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0004996 name: mucosa of cardia of stomach def: "A mucosa that is part of a cardia of stomach [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardia of stomach mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardia of stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardia of stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardia of stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardial part of stomach mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardial part of stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardial part of stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cardial part of stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric cardia mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric cardia mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric cardia mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gastric cardia organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of cardial part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of gastric cardia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of cardia of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of cardial part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of gastric cardia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of pars cardiaca (gaster)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach cardiac region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of pars cardiaca (gaster)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of stomach cardiac region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of cardia of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of cardial part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of gastric cardia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of pars cardiaca (gaster)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach cardiac region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of cardia of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of cardial part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of gastric cardia" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of pars cardiaca (gaster)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach cardiac region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pars cardiaca (gaster) mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pars cardiaca (gaster) mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pars cardiaca (gaster) mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pars cardiaca (gaster) organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach cardiac region mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach cardiac region mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach cardiac region mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach cardiac region organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17456 is_a: UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001162 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001162 ! cardia of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001162 ! cardia of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0004997 name: mucosa of pyloric antrum def: "A mucosa that is part of a pyloric antrum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antrum of stomach mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antrum of stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antrum of stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antrum of stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of antrum of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of antrum of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of antrum of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of antrum of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach pyloric antrum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric antrum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric antrum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric antrum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric antrum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach pyloric antrum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17055 is_a: UBERON:0004998 ! mucosa of pylorus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001165 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum [Term] id: UBERON:0004998 name: mucosa of pylorus def: "A mucosa that is part of a pylorus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of pylorus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of stomach pyloric region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of stomach pyloric region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of pylorus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of stomach pyloric region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of pyloric part of stomach" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of pylorus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of stomach pyloric region" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric part of stomach mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric part of stomach mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric part of stomach mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric part of stomach organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pylorus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pylorus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pylorus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pylorus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach pyloric region mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach pyloric region mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach pyloric region mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "stomach pyloric region organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17461 is_a: UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus [Term] id: UBERON:0004999 name: mucosa of biliary tree def: "A mucosa that is part of a biliary tree [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary tract mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary tract mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary tract mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary tract organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary tree mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary tree mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary tree mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "biliary tree organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of biliary tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of biliary tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of biliary tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of biliary tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of biliary tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of biliary tract" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of biliary tree" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14695 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree [Term] id: UBERON:0005000 name: mucosa of common bile duct def: "A mucosa that is part of a common bile duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common bile duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common bile duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common bile duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common bile duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common bile ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14688] synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris) mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris) mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris) mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus choledochus (biliaris) organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of common bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of common bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of common bile duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of ductus choledochus (biliaris)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14688 is_a: UBERON:0004999 ! mucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001174 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001174 ! common bile duct [Term] id: UBERON:0005001 name: mucosa of common hepatic duct def: "A mucosa that is part of a common hepatic duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common hepatic duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common hepatic duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common hepatic duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common hepatic duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "common hepatic ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14691] synonym: "hepatic duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hepatic duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hepatic duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hepatic duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of common hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of common hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of common hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14691 is_a: UBERON:0004999 ! mucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001175 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0005002 name: mucosa of right hepatic duct def: "A mucosa that is part of a right hepatic duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of right hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of right hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of right hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right hepatic duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right hepatic duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right hepatic duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right hepatic duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right hepatic ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14692] xref: FMA:14692 is_a: UBERON:0004999 ! mucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001176 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001176 ! right hepatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001176 ! right hepatic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0005003 name: mucosa of left hepatic duct def: "A mucosa that is part of a left hepatic duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left hepatic duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left hepatic duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left hepatic duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left hepatic duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left hepatic ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:14693] synonym: "mucosa of organ of left hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of left hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of left hepatic duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:14693 is_a: UBERON:0004999 ! mucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0001177 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001177 ! left hepatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001177 ! left hepatic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0005004 name: mucosa of right ureter def: "A mucosa that is part of a right ureter [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of right ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of right ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of right ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right ureter mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right ureter mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right ureter mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right ureter organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right ureteral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:17806] xref: FMA:17806 is_a: UBERON:0004980 ! mucosa of ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001222 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001222 ! right ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001222 ! right ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0005005 name: mucosa of left ureter def: "A mucosa that is part of a left ureter [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left ureter mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left ureter mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left ureter mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left ureter organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left ureteral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:17807] synonym: "mucosa of organ of left ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of left ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of left ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17807 is_a: UBERON:0004980 ! mucosa of ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001223 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001223 ! left ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001223 ! left ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0005006 name: mucosa of renal pelvis def: "A mucosa that is part of a renal pelvis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney pelvis organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of kidney pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of pelvis of ureter" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of renal pelvis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis of ureter mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis of ureter mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis of ureter mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pelvis of ureter organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvic mucosa" EXACT [FMA:17931] synonym: "renal pelvis mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvis mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvis mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "renal pelvis organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa pelvis renalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:17931, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:17931 xref: SCTID:243482002 is_a: UBERON:0004980 ! mucosa of ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0005007 name: mucosa of major calyx def: "A mucosa that is part of a major calyx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "major calix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "major calix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "major calix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "major calix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "major calyx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "major calyx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "major calyx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "major calyx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of major calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of major calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of major calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of major calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of major calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of major calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of major calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17934 is_a: UBERON:0005006 ! mucosa of renal pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001226 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001226 ! major calyx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001226 ! major calyx [Term] id: UBERON:0005008 name: mucosa of minor calyx def: "A mucosa that is part of a minor calyx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "minor calix mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "minor calix mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "minor calix mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "minor calix organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "minor calyx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "minor calyx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "minor calyx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "minor calyx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of minor calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of minor calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of minor calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of minor calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of minor calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of minor calix" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of minor calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17937 is_a: UBERON:0005006 ! mucosa of renal pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001227 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001227 ! minor calyx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001227 ! minor calyx [Term] id: UBERON:0005009 name: mucosa of trigone of urinary bladder def: "A mucosa that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deep trigone mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deep trigone mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deep trigone mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "deep trigone organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Lieutaud ' s trigone mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Lieutaud ' s trigone mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Lieutaud ' s trigone mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "Lieutaud ' s trigone organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of Lieutaud ' s trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of Lieutaud ' s trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of Lieutaud ' s trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of deep trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of Lieutaud ' s trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of trigone of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of trigone of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of urinary bladder trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of vesical trigone" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of bladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "trigone of urinary bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder trigone mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder trigone mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder trigone mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder trigone organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical trigone mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical trigone mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical trigone mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical trigone organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17847 is_a: UBERON:0001259 ! mucosa of urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001257 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001257 ! trigone of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0005010 name: mucosa of neck of urinary bladder def: "A mucosa that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder neck mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder neck mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder neck mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bladder neck organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of bladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of urinary bladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of urinary bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of urinary bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "neck of urinary bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of neck of bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of neck of urinary bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of urinary bladder neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of vesical neck" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder neck mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder neck mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "urinary bladder neck mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical neck mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical neck mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical neck mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vesical neck organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:17846 is_a: UBERON:0001259 ! mucosa of urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001258 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001258 ! neck of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0005011 name: mucosa of right uterine tube def: "A mucosa that is part of a right uterine tube [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of right fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of right oviduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of right uterine tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of right fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of right oviduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of right fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of right oviduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of right uterine tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of right fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of right oviduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of right uterine tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right fallopian tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right fallopian tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right fallopian tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right fallopian tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right oviduct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right oviduct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right oviduct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right oviduct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right uterine tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right uterine tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right uterine tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right uterine tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:18452 is_a: UBERON:0005048 ! mucosa of uterine tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001302 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001302 ! right uterine tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001302 ! right uterine tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005012 name: mucosa of left uterine tube def: "A mucosa that is part of a left uterine tube [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left fallopian tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left fallopian tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left fallopian tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left fallopian tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left oviduct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left oviduct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left oviduct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left oviduct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left uterine tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left uterine tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left uterine tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left uterine tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of left fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of left oviduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of left fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of left oviduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of left uterine tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of left fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of left oviduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of left uterine tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of left fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of left oviduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of left uterine tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:18453 is_a: UBERON:0005048 ! mucosa of uterine tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001303 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001303 ! left uterine tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001303 ! left uterine tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005013 name: mucosa of male urethra def: "A mucosa that is part of a male urethra [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "male urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of male urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of male urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of male urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:239937 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0005014 name: mucosa of female urethra def: "A mucosa that is part of a female urethra [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of female urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of female urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of female urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:239940 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001334 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0005015 name: mucosa of prostatic urethra def: "A mucosa that is part of a prostatic urethra [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of prostatic part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of prostatic urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of prostatic part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of prostatic part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of prostatic urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of prostatic part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of prostatic urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic part of urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic part of urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic part of urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic part of urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostatic urethral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:77079] synonym: "tunica mucosa urethrae prosticae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77079, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:77079 is_a: UBERON:0005013 ! mucosa of male urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001335 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001335 ! prostatic urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001335 ! prostatic urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0005016 name: mucosa of intermediate urethra def: "A mucosa that is part of a membranous urethra [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate part of urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate part of urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate part of urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate part of urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "intermediate urethral mucosa" EXACT [FMA:77085] synonym: "membranous part of urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous part of urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous part of urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous part of urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous urethra mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous urethra mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous urethra mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "membranous urethra organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of intermediate part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of membranous part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of membranous urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of intermediate part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of intermediate urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of membranous part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of membranous urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of pars membranacea (urethrae)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of pars membranacea (urethrae)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of intermediate part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of intermediate urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of membranous part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of membranous urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of pars membranacea (urethrae)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of intermediate part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of intermediate urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of membranous part of urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of membranous urethra" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of pars membranacea (urethrae)" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pars membranacea (urethrae) mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pars membranacea (urethrae) mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pars membranacea (urethrae) mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pars membranacea (urethrae) organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:77085 xref: galen:MucousMembraneOfUrethra xref: SCTID:362229009 is_a: UBERON:0005013 ! mucosa of male urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001336 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001336 ! membranous urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001336 ! membranous urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0005017 name: mucosa of lacrimal sac def: "A mucosa that is part of a lacrimal sac [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lacrimal sac mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lacrimal sac mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lacrimal sac mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lacrimal sac organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of lacrimal sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of lacrimal sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of lacrimal sac" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:72061 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001351 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001351 ! lacrimal sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001351 ! lacrimal sac [Term] id: UBERON:0005018 name: mucosa of nasal septum def: "A mucosa that is part of a nasal septum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of nasal septum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of nasal septum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal septum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal septum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal septum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal septum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of nasal septum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:60113 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001706 ! nasal septum [Term] id: UBERON:0005019 name: mucosa of palate def: "A mucosa that is part of a palate [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of oral roof" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of oral roof" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of roof of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of roof of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of oral roof" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of roof of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral roof mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral roof mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral roof mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral roof organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of oral roof" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of roof of mouth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "palate mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "palate mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "palate mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "palate organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof of mouth mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof of mouth mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof of mouth mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "roof of mouth organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59765 is_a: UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate [Term] id: UBERON:0005020 name: mucosa of tongue def: "A mucosa that is part of a tongue [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lingual mucosa" EXACT [FMA:54807] synonym: "mucosa of organ of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tongue mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tongue mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tongue mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tongue organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa linguae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54807, FMA:TA] xref: EFO:0002553 xref: FMA:54807 xref: SCTID:362092002 is_a: UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0005021 name: mucosa of sphenoidal sinus def: "A mucosa that is part of a sphenoidal sinus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor note: decide whether cavities can be part of mucosae synonym: "mucosa of organ of sphenoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of sphenoidal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of sphenoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of sphenoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of sphenoidal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of sphenoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of sphenoidal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sphenoid sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sphenoid sinus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sphenoid sinus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sphenoid sinus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sphenoidal sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sphenoidal sinus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sphenoidal sinus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "sphenoidal sinus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59775 xref: SCTID:43774000 is_a: UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001724 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001724 ! sphenoidal sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001724 ! sphenoidal sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0005022 name: mucosa of nasopharynx def: "A mucosa that is part of a nasopharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal part of pharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal part of pharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal part of pharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasal part of pharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasopharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasopharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasopharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasopharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of nasal part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of nasopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of rhinopharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhinopharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhinopharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhinopharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "rhinopharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:54971 xref: SCTID:361938001 is_a: UBERON:0000355 ! pharyngeal mucosa is_a: UBERON:0000379 ! tracheal mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0005023 name: mucosa of oropharynx def: "A mucosa that is part of a oropharynx [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of oral part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of oral part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of oropharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of oral part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of oropharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral part of pharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral part of pharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral part of pharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oral part of pharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of oral part of pharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of oropharynx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oropharynx mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oropharynx mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oropharynx mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "oropharynx organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:54933 xref: SCTID:144632009 is_a: UBERON:0000355 ! pharyngeal mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004786 ! gastrointestinal system mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0005024 name: mucosa of soft palate def: "A mucosa that is part of a soft palate [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of soft palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of soft palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of soft palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "soft palate mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "soft palate mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "soft palate mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "soft palate organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59784 xref: SCTID:245842003 is_a: UBERON:0005019 ! mucosa of palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate [Term] id: UBERON:0005025 name: mucosa of uvula def: "A mucosa that is part of a uvula [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum lobule IX mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum lobule IX mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum lobule IX mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cerebellum lobule IX organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of cerebellum lobule IX" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of cerebellum lobule IX" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of uvula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of uvula of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of uvula of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of cerebellum lobule IX" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of uvula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of uvula of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of cerebellum lobule IX" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of uvula" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of uvula of palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uvula mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uvula mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uvula mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uvula of palate mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uvula of palate mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uvula of palate mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uvula of palate organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uvula organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:60030 is_a: UBERON:0005024 ! mucosa of soft palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001734 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001734 ! uvula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001734 ! uvula [Term] id: UBERON:0005026 name: mucosa of middle ear def: "A mucosa that is part of a middle ear [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "middle ear organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of tympanic cavity" EXACT [FMA:59663] synonym: "mucous membrane of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of middle ear" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa cavitatis tympanicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59663, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:59663 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear [Term] id: UBERON:0005027 name: mucosa of frontal sinus def: "A mucosa that is part of a frontal sinus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "frontal sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "frontal sinus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "frontal sinus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "frontal sinus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of frontal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of frontal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of frontal sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59774 xref: SCTID:368909005 is_a: UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001760 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001760 ! frontal sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001760 ! frontal sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0005028 name: mucosa of maxillary sinus def: "A mucosa that is part of a maxillary sinus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antrum of highmore mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antrum of highmore mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antrum of highmore mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "antrum of highmore organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "maxillary sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "maxillary sinus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "maxillary sinus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "maxillary sinus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of antrum of highmore" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of antrum of highmore" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of maxillary sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of antrum of highmore" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of maxillary sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of antrum of highmore" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of maxillary sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59773 xref: SCTID:368908002 is_a: UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001764 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001764 ! maxillary sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001764 ! maxillary sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0005029 name: mucosa of lacrimal canaliculus def: "A mucosa that is part of a lacrimal canaliculus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lacrimal canalicular mucosa" EXACT [FMA:85366] synonym: "lacrimal canaliculus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lacrimal canaliculus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lacrimal canaliculus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lacrimal canaliculus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of lacrimal canaliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of lacrimal canaliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of lacrimal canaliculus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:85366 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001770 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001770 ! lacrimal canaliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001770 ! lacrimal canaliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0005030 name: mucosa of paranasal sinus synonym: "paranasal sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59772 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001825 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001825 ! paranasal sinus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001825 ! paranasal sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0005031 name: mucosa of upper lip def: "A mucosa that is part of a upper lip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of upper lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of upper lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of upper lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper lip mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper lip mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper lip mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "upper lip organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59832 xref: ncithesaurus:Mucosa_of_the_Upper_Lip xref: SCTID:362088009 is_a: UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001834 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001834 ! upper lip [Term] id: UBERON:0005032 name: mucosa of lower lip def: "A mucosa that is part of a lower lip [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower lip mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower lip mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower lip mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lower lip organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of lower lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of lower lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of lower lip" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59833 xref: ncithesaurus:Mucosa_of_the_Lower_Lip xref: SCTID:362089001 is_a: UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001835 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001835 ! lower lip [Term] id: UBERON:0005033 name: mucosa of gallbladder def: "A mucosa that is part of a gallbladder [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gall bladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gall bladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gall bladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gall bladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "gallbladder organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of gall bladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of gallbladder" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa (vesica biliaris)" EXACT [FMA:14662] synonym: "tunica mucosa vesicae biliaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14662, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:14662 xref: SCTID:362196002 is_a: UBERON:0004999 ! mucosa of biliary tree relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder [Term] id: UBERON:0005034 name: mucosa of right main bronchus def: "A mucosa that is part of a right main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of right bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of right main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of right principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of right bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of right principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of right bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of right main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of right principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of right bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of right main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of right principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right main bronchial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:13137] synonym: "right main bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right main bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right main bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right main bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right principal bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right principal bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right principal bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right principal bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:13137 is_a: UBERON:0005036 ! mucosa of main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002177 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002177 ! right main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002177 ! right main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0005035 name: mucosa of left main bronchus def: "A mucosa that is part of a left main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left main bronchial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:13138] synonym: "left main bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left main bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left main bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left main bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left principal bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left principal bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left principal bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "left principal bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of left bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of left principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of left bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of left main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of left principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of left bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of left main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of left principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of left bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of left main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of left principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:13138 is_a: UBERON:0005036 ! mucosa of main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002178 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002178 ! left main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002178 ! left main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0005036 name: mucosa of main bronchus def: "A mucosa that is part of a main bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchus principalis organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:13115] synonym: "main bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "main bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchus principalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of main bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of primary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of principal bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "primary bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "principal bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:13115 is_a: UBERON:0000410 ! bronchial mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0005037 name: mucosa of lobar bronchus def: "A mucosa that is part of a lobar bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobar bronchial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:62668] synonym: "lobar bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobar bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobar bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobar bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of lobar bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of secondary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "secondary bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:62668 is_a: UBERON:0000410 ! bronchial mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0005038 name: mucosa of segmental bronchus def: "A mucosa that is part of a segmental bronchus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of segmental bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of segmental bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of segmental bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of tertiary bronchus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segmental bronchial mucosa" EXACT [FMA:62666] synonym: "segmental bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segmental bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segmental bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "segmental bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tertiary bronchus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tertiary bronchus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tertiary bronchus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tertiary bronchus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:62666 is_a: UBERON:0000410 ! bronchial mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002184 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0005039 name: mucosa of bronchiole def: "A mucosa that is part of a bronchiole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiole mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiole mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiole mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiole organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobular bronchiole mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobular bronchiole mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobular bronchiole mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobular bronchiole organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of lobular bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:263230 xref: FMA:62774 xref: SCTID:10887006 is_a: UBERON:0000410 ! bronchial mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0005040 name: mucosa of terminal bronchiole def: "A mucosa that is part of a terminal bronchiole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus terminalis organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of terminal bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of terminal bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchiolus terminalis" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of terminal bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal bronchiole mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal bronchiole mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal bronchiole mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "terminal bronchiole organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:263232 is_a: UBERON:0005039 ! mucosa of bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002187 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002187 ! terminal bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0005041 name: mucosa of respiratory bronchiole def: "A mucosa that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bronchiolus respiratorius organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of respiratory bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of respiratory bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of bronchiolus respiratorius" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of respiratory bronchiole" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory bronchiole mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory bronchiole mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory bronchiole mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "respiratory bronchiole organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:263238 is_a: UBERON:0005039 ! mucosa of bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002188 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002188 ! respiratory bronchiole [Term] id: UBERON:0005042 name: inner epithelial layer of tympanic membrane def: "A portion of the tympanic cavity epithelium which makes up the outer (cuticular) layer of the tympanic membrane" [PMID:11237469, UBERON:cjm] comment: AO notes: in FMA this is classified as a mucosa synonym: "mucosa of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56844] synonym: "mucous layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56844] synonym: "mucous stratum of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56844] synonym: "tympanic membrane external middle ear cavity epithelial component" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "tympanic membrane mucosa" EXACT [FMA:56844] xref: FMA:56844 xref: SCTID:36411006 is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0009647 ! tympanic membrane epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0010063 intersection_of: UBERON:0009647 ! tympanic membrane epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010063 ! tympanic cavity epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0010063 ! tympanic cavity epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0005043 name: mucosa of nasolacrimal duct def: "A mucosa that is part of a nasolacrimal duct [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of nasolacrimal duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of nasolacrimal duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasolacrimal duct mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasolacrimal duct mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasolacrimal duct mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasolacrimal duct organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nasolacrimal ductal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:59664] synonym: "organ mucosa of nasolacrimal duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59664 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002392 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002392 ! nasolacrimal duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002392 ! nasolacrimal duct [Term] id: UBERON:0005044 name: mucosa of pharyngotympanic tube def: "A mucosa that is part of a pharyngotympanic tube [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auditory tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auditory tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auditory tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "auditory tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "internal auditory tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "internal auditory tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "internal auditory tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "internal auditory tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of internal auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of internal auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of internal auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucuous membrane of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60109] synonym: "mucuous membrane of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [FMA:60109] synonym: "organ mucosa of auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of internal auditory tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa (tuba auditiva)" EXACT [FMA:60109] synonym: "tunica mucosa (tuba auditoria)" EXACT [FMA:60109] xref: FMA:60109 is_a: UBERON:0005026 ! mucosa of middle ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005045 name: mucosa of ethmoidal sinus def: "A mucosa that is part of a ethmoid sinus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ethmoid sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ethmoid sinus mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ethmoid sinus mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ethmoid sinus organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ethmoidal sinus mucosa" EXACT [FMA:59776] synonym: "mucosa of ethmoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of ethmoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of ethmoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of ethmoid sinus" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59776 xref: SCTID:65501003 is_a: UBERON:0004785 ! respiratory system mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0002453 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002453 ! ethmoid sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002453 ! ethmoid sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0005046 name: mucosa of hard palate def: "A mucosa that is part of a hard palate [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hard palate mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hard palate mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hard palate mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "hard palate organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of hard palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of hard palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of hard palate" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:59783 xref: SCTID:245841005 is_a: UBERON:0005019 ! mucosa of palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0005047 name: mucosa of vocal fold def: "A mucosa that is part of a vocal cord [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of glottis" EXACT [FMA:64017] synonym: "mucosa of organ of true vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of true vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of true vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of true vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of vocal cord" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "true vocal cord mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "true vocal cord mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "true vocal cord mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "true vocal cord organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vocal cord mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vocal cord mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vocal cord mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vocal cord organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "vocal fold mucosa" EXACT [FMA:64017] xref: FMA:64017 is_a: UBERON:0001824 ! mucosa of larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003706 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003706 ! vocal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0003706 ! vocal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0005048 name: mucosa of uterine tube def: "A mucosa that is part of a fallopian tube [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fallopian tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fallopian tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fallopian tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fallopian tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of organ of uterine tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18319] synonym: "mucous membrane of fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of uterine tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of fallopian tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of uterine tube" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tunica mucosa tubae uterinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:18319, FMA:TA] synonym: "uterine tubal mucosa" EXACT [FMA:18319] synonym: "uterine tube mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine tube mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine tube mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine tube organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:18319 is_a: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003889 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005049 name: mucosa of infundibulum of uterine tube def: "A mucosa that is part of a uterine tube infundibulum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of infundibulum of fallopian tube" EXACT [FMA:18357] synonym: "mucosa of infundibulum of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18357] synonym: "mucosa of organ of uterine tube infundibulum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucosa of uterine tube infundibulum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "mucous membrane of uterine tube infundibulum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "organ mucosa of uterine tube infundibulum" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine tube infundibulum mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine tube infundibulum mucosa of organ" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine tube infundibulum mucous membrane" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "uterine tube infundibulum organ mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:18357 is_a: UBERON:0005048 ! mucosa of uterine tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0003984 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum relationship: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum [Term] id: UBERON:0005050 name: liver papillary process synonym: "papillary process of caudate lobe of liver" EXACT [FMA:14506] synonym: "processus papillaris" EXACT [FMA:14506] xref: FMA:14506 xref: MA:0001643 xref: SCTID:271187002 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver [Term] id: UBERON:0005051 name: mediastinum testis def: "The mediastinum testis is a network of fibrous connective tissue that extends from the upper to near the lower extremity of the testis, and is wider above than below. From its front and sides numerous imperfect septa (trabeculæ) are given off, which radiate toward the surface of the organ, and are attached to the tunica albuginea. They divide the interior of the organ into a number of incomplete spaces, called lobules. These are somewhat cone-shaped, being broad at their bases at the surface of the gland, and becoming narrower as they converge to the mediastinum. The mediastinum supports the rete testis and blood vessels of the testis in their passage to and from the substance of the gland[WP]" [Wikipedia:Mediastinum_testis] synonym: "body of highmore" EXACT [FMA:19812] synonym: "hilum of testicle" EXACT [] synonym: "mediastinum of testis" EXACT [FMA:19812] synonym: "testis mediastinum" EXACT [FMA:19812] xref: EMAPA:18331 xref: FMA:19812 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Hodenschema.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Hodenschema.svg/200px-Hodenschema.svg.png xref: SCTID:362279007 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003728 ! mediastinum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0005052 name: gizzard def: "The muscular enlargement of the alimentary canal that has usually thick muscular walls and a tough horny lining for grinding the food and when the crop is present follows it and the proventriculus." [BTO:0000520, Wikipedia:Gizzard] comment: AO notes: BTO also includes: A thickened part of the alimentary canal in some animals (as an insect or an earthworm) that is similar in function to the crop of a bird. However, we are refering to the Aves structure here subset: organ_slim synonym: "gastric mill" EXACT [Wikipedia:Gizzard] synonym: "gigerium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Gizzard] synonym: "ventriculus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gizzard] xref: BTO:0000520 xref: GAID:1238 xref: MESH:A.13.853.363 xref: ncithesaurus:Gizzard is_a: UBERON:0000945 {source="cjm"} ! stomach relationship: has_part UBERON:0008861 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pyloric gastric gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0005053 name: nerve cord subset: dubious_grouping xref: BILA:0000136 xref: BTO:0001656 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005054 name: dorsal nerve cord def: "The dorsal tubular cord of nervous tissue above the notochord of a chordate that comprises or develops into the central nervous system[BTO]. The nerve cord of chordates develops dorsally in the body as a hollow tube above the notochord. In most species it differentiates in embryogeny into the brain anteriorly and spinal cord that runs through the trunk and tail. Together the brain and spinal cord are the central nervous system to which peripheral sensory and motor nerves connect[TOL]. The dorsal nerve cord is one of the embryonic features unique to chordates, along with a notochord, a post-anal tail and pharyngeal slits. The dorsal nerve cord is a hollow cord dorsal to the notochord. It is formed from a part of the ectoderm that rolls, forming the hollow tube, compared to other animal phyla, which have solid, ventral tubes. The dorsal nerve cord is later modified into the brain and spinal cord. Dorsal nerve cord is mainly found in phylum Vertebrata[WP]." [BTO:0002329, http://tolweb.org/Chordata/2499, Wikipedia:Dorsal_nerve_cord] xref: BTO:0002329 is_a: UBERON:0005053 ! nerve cord relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0005055 name: zone of long bone def: "An organ part that is part of a long bone [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "long bone zone" EXACT [] xref: FMA:24008 is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002495 intersection_of: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone [Term] id: UBERON:0005056 name: external female genitalia def: "An external reproductive organ that is part of a female reproductive system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "external female genital organ" EXACT [BTO:0003100] synonym: "external genitalia of female reproductive system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "female external genitalia" EXACT [FMA:45649] synonym: "organa genitalia feminina externa" RELATED [BTO:0003100] xref: BTO:0003100 xref: EMAPA:30984 xref: FMA:45649 xref: galen:FemaleExternalGenitalia xref: SCTID:362234008 is_a: UBERON:0003134 ! female reproductive organ is_a: UBERON:0004176 ! external reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 intersection_of: UBERON:0004176 ! external reproductive organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system disjoint_from: UBERON:0009196 ! indifferent external genitalia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0005057 name: immune organ def: "An organ that is part of a immune system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system [Term] id: UBERON:0005058 name: hemolymphoid system gland def: "A gland that is part of a hemolymphoid system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "hemopoietic or lymphoid gland" EXACT [GOC:cjm] synonym: "hemopoietic or lymphoid organ" BROAD [GO:0048534] xref: MA:0002962 is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002193 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002193 ! hemolymphoid system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002193 ! hemolymphoid system [Term] id: UBERON:0005059 name: obsolete Drosophila lymph gland comment: out of scope is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0005061 name: neural groove def: "The median dorsal longitudinal groove formed in the embryo by the neural plate after the appearance of the neural folds." [GO:0001842, GOC:cjm] xref: AAO:0011071 xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Groove xref: SCTID:361463007 xref: XAO:0000248 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate [Term] id: UBERON:0005062 name: neural fold def: "One of the two elevated edges of the neural groove." [GO:0001842, MP:0011256] synonym: "medullary fold" EXACT [MP:0011256] xref: EHDAA2:0001249 xref: EMAPA:16090 xref: EMAPA:16093 xref: EMAPA:16142 xref: EMAPA:16146 xref: EMAPA:16151 xref: EMAPA:16155 xref: EMAPA:16159 xref: EMAPA:16162 xref: EMAPA:16288 xref: EMAPA:16292 xref: EMAPA:16295 xref: EMAPA:16299 xref: EMAPA:16303 xref: EMAPA:16307 xref: EMAPA:16528 xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Fold xref: SCTID:361461009 xref: XAO:0004087 is_a: UBERON:0005157 ! epithelial fold is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium disjoint_from: UBERON:0009746 ! head fold relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate [Term] id: UBERON:0005063 name: left ventricular compact myocardium def: "." [GO:0003224] is_a: UBERON:0004127 ! compact layer of ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0004127 ! compact layer of ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003382 {source="GO"} ! cardiac muscle of left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005064 name: left ventricular trabecular myocardium def: "." [GO:0003225] is_a: UBERON:0004126 ! trabecular layer of ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0004126 ! trabecular layer of ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003382 {source="GO"} ! cardiac muscle of left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005065 name: right ventricular compact myocardium def: "." [GO:0003226] is_a: UBERON:0004127 ! compact layer of ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004127 ! compact layer of ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003381 {source="GO"} ! cardiac muscle of right ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005066 name: right ventricular trabecular myocardium def: "." [GO:0003227] is_a: UBERON:0004126 ! trabecular layer of ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004126 ! trabecular layer of ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003381 {source="GO"} ! cardiac muscle of right ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005067 name: amphid sensory organ def: "Amphid sensory organs are the sensory organs of nematodes[GO]." [GO:0003386] subset: organ_slim synonym: "amphid sensillum" EXACT [] xref: WBbt:0005391 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ [Term] id: UBERON:0005068 name: neural rod def: "a solid rod of neurectoderm derived from the neural keel. The neural rod is roughly circular in cross section. Neural rod formation occurs during primary neurulation in teleosts[GO]. An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube[ZFIN]." [GO:0014024, ZFA:0000133] xref: EFO:0003498 xref: TAO:0000133 xref: ZFA:0000133 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007135 ! neural keel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000133", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005069 name: neural fold hinge point def: "The median hinge point extends for the entire length of the neural tube, and the lateral hinge points do not form in the spinal cord region of the neural tube[GO]." [GO:0021504] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005070 name: anterior neuropore def: "The anterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete[GO]." [GO:0021506] comment: GO def of anterior neuropore closure is: The joining together of the neural folds of the rostral opening of the neural tube synonym: "cephalic neuropore" EXACT [SCTID:361478000] synonym: "cranial neuropore" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "rostral neuropore" EXACT [EMAPA:16523] xref: EHDAA2:0004203 xref: EMAPA:16523 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001768 xref: SCTID:361478000 xref: VHOG:0000768 is_a: UBERON:0005077 ! neuropore property_value: external_definition "Anterior site of neural tube closure. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.378, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000768", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005071 name: posterior neuropore def: "The posterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete[GO]." [GO:0021507] synonym: "caudal neuropore" EXACT [EMAPA:16526] xref: EHDAA2:0000676 xref: EHDAA:900 xref: EMAPA:16526 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000223 xref: SCTID:361479008 xref: VHOG:0000769 is_a: UBERON:0005077 ! neuropore property_value: external_definition "Posterior site of neural tube closure. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.378, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000769", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005073 name: preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system is_a: UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005074 name: postganglionic parasympathetic nervous system is_a: UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005073 ! preganglionic parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005075 name: forebrain-midbrain boundary synonym: "forebrain midbrain boundary" EXACT [ZFA:0001367] xref: TAO:0001367 xref: ZFA:0001367 is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001890 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007288 {evidence="definitional"} ! presumptive forebrain midbrain boundary property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from forebrain midbrain boundary neural tube (TAO:0007040)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001367", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "The boundary between the diencephalon and the mesencephalon.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001367", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005076 name: hindbrain-spinal cord boundary is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002028 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0005077 name: neuropore def: "Joined neural folds at either end of the neural tube.[GO]." [GO:0021995] xref: SCTID:360408007 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005078 name: lamina terminalis def: "." [GO:0021996] xref: AAO:0000881 xref: BM:LT xref: EHDAA2:0000903 xref: EMAPA:16649 xref: EMAPA:16904 xref: FMA:61975 xref: SCTID:361483008 xref: VHOG:0001547 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005070 ! anterior neuropore property_value: external_definition "In those cases in which the interilial region is broadly expanded and the pubis is extremely reduced, the anterior margin of the ischium forms an expanded area.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000881", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005079 name: eggshell def: "a product of the somatic follicle cell epithelium and a structure that supports the egg in a hostile environment, minimizing water loss whilst allowing gas exchanges essential for embryonic respiration[GO]." [GO:0030703, Wikipedia:Eggshell] synonym: "egg shell" EXACT [BTO:0001716] xref: BTO:0001716 xref: MESH:A.13.316 xref: WBbt:0005843 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: surrounds UBERON:0007379 ! egg [Term] id: UBERON:0005080 name: metanephric ureteric bud def: "the portion of the ureteric bud tube that contributes to the morphogenesis of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0035502] is_a: UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud is_a: UBERON:0007497 ! developing epithelial placode relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005081 name: ureter ureteric bud def: "The portion of the ureteric bud that contributes to the morphogenesis of the ureter. The ureter ureteric bud is the initial structure that forms the ureter[GO]." [GO:0035503] is_a: UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud is_a: UBERON:0007497 ! developing epithelial placode relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000056 ! ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0005082 name: tube lumen def: "A hole in a tube[GO]." [GO:0060609] xref: AEO:0000078 xref: EHDAA2:0004618 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003078 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000025 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0000025 ! tube relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000025 ! tube [Term] id: UBERON:0005083 name: nipple sheath def: "a circular ingrowth of the epidermis around the region of the mammary sprout[GO]." [GO:0060659] is_a: UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis is_a: UBERON:0003244 ! epithelium of mammary gland is_a: UBERON:0008367 ! breast epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002030 ! nipple [Term] id: UBERON:0005085 name: ectodermal placode def: "An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm[GO]" [GO:0060788] comment: Homology: With the exception of the adenohypophysis, homologues of the nonneurogenic placodes (e.g. placodes giving rise to the teeth, hair follicles and lens), appear to be lacking in invertebrate chordates. Editor notes: consder adding placodal ectoderm as a distinct class? Also place placodal ectoderm as develops_from ectoderm // AO notes: in GO, covers optic, otic, olfactory, mammary, hair, tooth, sebaceous is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 intersection_of: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0005086 name: hair follicle placode def: "An hair follicle placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the hair follicle bud[GO]." [GO:0060789] synonym: "hair gem" RELATED [ISBN:9780878932504] synonym: "hair peg" RELATED [ISBN:9780878932504] synonym: "vibrissa placode" NARROW [] is_a: UBERON:0011817 ! follicle placode relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002073 intersection_of: UBERON:0005085 ! ectodermal placode intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002073 ! hair follicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {source="Wikipathways:WP2062"} ! skin basal layer relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002073 ! hair follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0005087 name: tooth placode def: "An tooth placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the tooth bud[GO]." [GO:0060790] comment: Location notes: In mammals this may be located in the alveolar ridges, but note that some species such as zebrafish have ceratobranchial teeth. Sharks have dermal denticles that share developmental origins. Currently we don't include location information due to this diversity, but in future we may include specific subclasses and/or taxon GCIs. synonym: "dental placode" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "dental primordium" EXACT [ZFA:0001153] synonym: "odontogenic placode" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "tooth germ" RELATED [ZFA:0001153] xref: BTO:0001511 xref: TAO:0001153 xref: ZFA:0001153 is_a: UBERON:0011814 {source="NBK53175"} ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001091 intersection_of: UBERON:0005085 ! ectodermal placode intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004362 {notes="check for other species", source="Wikipedia:Tooth_development"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 property_value: external_definition "Placode that develops into a tooth. The placode is a thickening of the pharyngeal epithelium.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001153", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005088 name: sebaceous gland placode def: "A sebaceous gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sebaceous gland bud[GO]." [GO:0060791] comment: todo - add bud is_a: UBERON:0011814 {source="NBK53175"} ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001821 intersection_of: UBERON:0005085 ! ectodermal placode intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {source="Wikipathways:WP2062"} ! skin basal layer relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland [Term] id: UBERON:0005089 name: sweat gland placode def: "An sweat gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sweat gland bud[GO]." [GO:0060793] comment: todo - add bud is_a: UBERON:0011814 {source="NBK53175"} ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001820 intersection_of: UBERON:0005085 ! ectodermal placode intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001820 ! sweat gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {source="Wikipathways:WP2062"} ! skin basal layer relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001820 ! sweat gland [Term] id: UBERON:0005090 name: muscle structure def: "Muscle structures are contractile cells, tissues or organs that are found in multicellular organisms[GO]." [GO:0061061] xref: FBbt:00005073 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0005091 name: left horn of sinus venosus synonym: "sinus venosus left horn" EXACT [VHOG:0000488] xref: EHDAA2:0001840 xref: EHDAA:482 xref: EMAPA:16238 xref: FMA:70321 xref: VHOG:0000488 is_a: UBERON:0002050 {source="FMA"} ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002063 ! sinus venosus property_value: homology_notes "Three major adaptations, or 'novel cardiac components', that were not present in the ancestor chordate heart tube can be distinguished in the lower vertebrate heart: the atrium, ventricle, and possibly the muscular sinus venosus.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000488", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1152/physrev.00006.2003 Moorman AFM, Christoffels VM, Cardiac Chamber Formation: Development, Genes, and Evolution. Physiological Reviews (2003)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005092 name: right horn of sinus venosus synonym: "sinus venosus right horn" EXACT [VHOG:0000489] xref: EHDAA2:0001841 xref: EHDAA:484 xref: EMAPA:16239 xref: FMA:70318 xref: VHOG:0000489 is_a: UBERON:0002050 {source="FMA"} ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002063 ! sinus venosus property_value: homology_notes "Three major adaptations, or 'novel cardiac components', that were not present in the ancestor chordate heart tube can be distinguished in the lower vertebrate heart: the atrium, ventricle, and possibly the muscular sinus venosus.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000489", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1152/physrev.00006.2003 Moorman AFM, Christoffels VM, Cardiac Chamber Formation: Development, Genes, and Evolution. Physiological Reviews (2003", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005093 name: cement gland def: "A simple mucus-secreting structure that is positioned at the front of the embryo, attaches the newly hatched embryo to a support before the hatchling can swim well or feed, and marks the anterior-most dorsal ectoderm[XAO]." [GO:0071570, XAO:0000033] subset: organ_slim xref: AAO:0010373 xref: BTO:0002738 xref: XAO:0000033 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland property_value: external_definition "A simple mucus-secreting structure that is positioned at the front of the embryo, attaches the newly hatched embryo to a support before the hatchling can swim well or feed, and marks the anterior-most dorsal ectoderm.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010373", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005094 name: beak def: "The avian beak is an external anatomical structure, in the head region, that is adapted for feeding self and young, catching prey, probing, etc. It encompasses, but is not restricted to, the maxilla, mandible, maxillary ramaphotheca, mandibular ramaphotheca, nostril, nasal fossa, nasal bones, egg tooth and rictus[GO]. The beak, bill or rostrum is an external anatomical structure of birds which is used for eating and for grooming, manipulating objects, killing prey, probing for food, courtship and feeding young. The term beak is also used to refer to a similar mouthpart in some Ornithischian dinosaurs, monotremes, cephalopods, cetaceans, pufferfishes, turtles, Anuran tadpoles and sirens[WP]." [GO:0071728, Wikipedia:Beak] comment: TODO - add superclass synonym: "avian beak" EXACT [] synonym: "bill" RELATED [] synonym: "rostrum" RELATED [] xref: MESH:A.13.114 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0005095 name: kidney rudiment def: "." [GO:0072003] is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007687 {source="GO"} ! kidney field relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0005096 name: descending thin limb alt_id: UBERON:0005165 def: "The descending thin limb is a part of the loop of Henle situated just after the proximal straight tubule (S3). It extends to the tip of the loop of Henle[GO]." [GO:0072022, Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "descending limb of henle%27s loop" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] synonym: "descending limb of loop of henle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] synonym: "descending thin limb of loop of Henle" EXACT [] synonym: "loop of Henle descending thin limb" EXACT [] synonym: "loop of henle thin descending limb" EXACT [MA:0002625] synonym: "pars descendens (tubulus attenuatus)" EXACT [FMA:17719] synonym: "thin descending limb" EXACT [] synonym: "thin descending limb of loop of henle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] synonym: "thin descending limb of the loop of henle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] synonym: "thin descending loop of henle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Descending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] xref: EMAPA:28325 xref: EMAPA:28355 xref: EMAPA:29681 xref: FMA:17719 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: MA:0002625 is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004136 ! intermediate tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0005097 name: connecting tubule def: "The connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the nephron; it connects the distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct[GO]." [GO:0072027, Wikipedia:Connecting_tubule] synonym: "kidney connecting tubule" EXACT [MA:0002610] synonym: "renal connecting tubule" EXACT [MA:0002610] synonym: "tubulus renalis arcuatus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Connecting_tubule] xref: BTO:0004539 xref: EMAPA:27758 xref: EMAPA:27790 xref: EMAPA:27865 xref: EMAPA:28011 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: MA:0002610 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 {source="Wikipedia"} ! metanephric mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0005099 name: short descending thin limb def: "The short descending thin limb is the descending thin limb of a short nephron that has a squamous epithelial morphology[GO]." [GO:0072063] comment: TODO - epithelium types is_a: UBERON:0004211 ! nephron epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0005100 name: long descending thin limb def: "The long descending limb starts in the inner stripe of the outer medulla and extends into the inner medulla[GO]." [GO:0072064] is_a: UBERON:0004211 ! nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0005101 name: early distal convoluted tubule def: "The early distal convoluted tubule contains DCT cells and is vasopressin-insensitive[GO]." [GO:0072067] xref: EMAPA:28393 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008408 ! distal tubular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0005102 name: late distal convoluted tubule def: "The late distal convoluted tubule contains DCT cells and intercalated (IC) alpha and beta cells and is vasopressin-sensitive[GO]." [GO:0072068] comment: TODO - CL xref: EMAPA:28393 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008408 ! distal tubular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0005103 name: mesonephric epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a mesonephros [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004819 ! kidney epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005104 name: anterior mesonephric tubule def: "The anterior mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0072165] is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0005105 name: posterior mesonephric tubule def: "The posterior mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0072166] xref: EMAPA:30571 xref: EMAPA:30574 is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0005106 name: metanephric tubule def: "A metanephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072173] xref: VHOG:0001526 is_a: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0005108 ! metanephric epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros property_value: homology_notes "The ureteric diverticulum grows dorsally into the posterior region of the nephric ridge. Here it enlarges and stimulates the growth of metanephric tubules that come to make up the metanephric kidney. The metanephros becomes the adult kidney of amniotes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001526", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.543", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005107 name: metanephric cap def: "The metanephric cap is formed by the condensation of metanephric mesenchymal cells surrounding the ureteric bud tip[GO]. Mesenchyme closely apposed to the tips of the buds is called cap mesenchyme; it will later go on to form nephrons etc[GUDMAP]." [GO:0072185, http://www.gudmap.org/About/Tutorial/DevMUS.html#DMK_Nephron] comment: TODO - check EMAPA synonym: "cap mesenchyme" EXACT [EMAPA:27621] xref: EMAPA:27621 xref: MA:0002997 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0003220 ! metanephric mesenchyme relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud [Term] id: UBERON:0005108 name: metanephric epithelium def: "An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure[GO]." [GO:0072207] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004819 ! kidney epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005109 name: metanephric smooth muscle tissue def: "Any smooth muscle tissue that is part of a metanephros." [GO:0072208, UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0005321 ! mesonephric smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005110 name: metanephric nephron alt_id: UBERON:0005142 def: "A metanephric nephron is the functional unit of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072273] xref: VHOG:0000719 is_a: UBERON:0001285 ! nephron is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001285 ! nephron intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 {source="Wikipedia:Nephron"} ! metanephric mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 {source="Wikipedia"} ! metanephric mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros property_value: homology_notes "The primitive form of the vertebrate nephron consists of a vascular filtration surface overlain with podocytes, a specialized coelomic cavity to receive the ultrafiltrate, and a tubule for modification to final urine. Although previously thought to be unique to the vertebrates, this design is now known to be widespread among invertebrates, including most of the protochordates, and especially their larvae.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000719", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1093/icb/34.4.542 Ruppert EE, Evolutionary Origin of the Vertebrate Nephron. Integrative and Comparative Biology (1994)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005111 name: metanephric pyramid def: "Metanephric pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a metanephros; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts[GO]." [GO:0072211] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004200 ! kidney pyramid relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004200 ! kidney pyramid intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005113 name: metanephric cortex mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0001140 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010531 {source="EHDAA2"} ! metanephros induced blastemal cells [Term] id: UBERON:0005114 name: metanephric ascending thin limb def: "The metanephric ascending thin limb is a segment of a nephron tubule in the metanephros lying in the inner medulla that is permeable to ions but not to water and has a simple epithelium; active transepithelial solute transport is absent[GO]." [GO:0072218] is_a: UBERON:0004193 ! loop of Henle ascending limb thin segment is_a: UBERON:0005146 ! metanephric nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004193 ! loop of Henle ascending limb thin segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005115 name: metanephric cortical collecting duct def: "The metanephric cortical collecting duct is the portion of the metanephric collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex[GO]." [GO:0072219] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004203 ! cortical collecting duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004203 ! cortical collecting duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005116 name: metanephric descending thin limb def: "It extends to the tip of the metanephric loop of Henle[GO]." [GO:0072220] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005096 ! descending thin limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0005096 ! descending thin limb intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005117 name: metanephric distal convoluted tubule def: "The metanephric distal convoluted tubule is a portion of the metanephric nephron tubule that connects the metanephric loop of Henle to the collecting duct[GO]." [GO:0072221] xref: VHOG:0001569 is_a: UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule is_a: UBERON:0005129 ! metanephric distal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001292 ! distal convoluted tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005118 name: metanephric early distal convoluted tubule def: "The metanephric early distal convoluted tubule contains metanephric DCT cells and is vasopressin-insensitive[GO]." [GO:0072222] is_a: UBERON:0005101 ! early distal convoluted tubule is_a: UBERON:0005134 ! metanephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0005101 ! early distal convoluted tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005119 name: metanephric glomerular mesangium def: "The metanephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the metanephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0072223] is_a: UBERON:0002320 ! glomerular mesangium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0002320 ! glomerular mesangium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005120 name: metanephric late distal convoluted tubule def: "The metanephric late distal convoluted tubule contains metanephric DCT cells and intercalated (IC) alpha and beta cells and is vasopressin-sensitive[GO]." [GO:0072225] is_a: UBERON:0005102 ! late distal convoluted tubule is_a: UBERON:0005134 ! metanephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0005102 ! late distal convoluted tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005121 name: metanephric long descending thin limb bend def: "The metanephric long descending thin limb bend is a part of the descending thin limb of a long nephron that lies beyond the prebend segment in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072226] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004206 ! long descending thin limb bend relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004206 ! long descending thin limb bend intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005122 name: metanephric macula densa def: "The metanephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the metanephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0072227] is_a: UBERON:0002335 ! macula densa is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0002335 ! macula densa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005123 name: metanephric prebend segment def: "The metanephric prebend segment is a part of the metanephric descending thin limb that lies before the bend and exhibits permeabilities characteristic of the ascending limb, especially negligible water permeability[GO]." [GO:0072228] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004207 ! prebend segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004207 ! prebend segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005124 name: metanephric proximal convoluted tubule def: "The metanephric proximal convoluted tubule is the most proximal portion of the metanephric proximal tubule and extends from the metanephric glomerular capsule to the metanephric proximal straight tubule[GO]." [GO:0072229] xref: VHOG:0001570 is_a: UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule is_a: UBERON:0005151 ! metanephric proximal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005125 name: metanephric proximal straight tubule def: "The metanephric proximal straight tubule is the part of the metanephric descending limb that extends from the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule to the metanephric descending thin tubule[GO]." [GO:0072230] comment: todo - place mammalian xrefs here rather than at parent is_a: UBERON:0001290 ! proximal straight tubule is_a: UBERON:0005146 ! metanephric nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001290 ! proximal straight tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros property_value: homologous_to XAO:0000332 {source="XAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005126 name: metanephric S1 def: "The S1 portion is the initial portion of the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule and is responsible for avid reabsorption of water and solutes[GO]." [GO:0072231] is_a: UBERON:0004196 ! proximal convoluted tubule segment 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004196 ! proximal convoluted tubule segment 1 intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005127 name: metanephric thick ascending limb def: "At the macula densa, the thick ascending limb connects to the distal convoluted tubule[GO]." [GO:0072233] is_a: UBERON:0001291 ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle is_a: UBERON:0005129 ! metanephric distal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001291 ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005129 name: metanephric distal tubule alt_id: UBERON:0005150 def: "The metanephric distal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that begins at the metanephric macula densa and extends to the metanephric connecting tubule[GO]." [GO:0072235] is_a: UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule is_a: UBERON:0005146 ! metanephric nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005130 name: metanephric loop of Henle def: "The metanephric loop of Henle is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072236] is_a: UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle is_a: UBERON:0005146 ! metanephric nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0004136 ! intermediate tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0005132 name: metanephric long nephron def: "Long nephrons are associated with juxtamedullary glomeruli and extend into the inner medulla in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072238] is_a: UBERON:0004194 ! long nephron is_a: UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004194 ! long nephron intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005133 name: metanephric glomerulus vasculature alt_id: UBERON:0005143 def: "The metanephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the metanephric glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0072239] is_a: UBERON:0004190 ! glomerulus vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004190 ! glomerulus vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005134 name: metanephric nephron epithelium def: "The metanephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072243] is_a: UBERON:0004211 ! nephron epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005108 ! metanephric epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004211 ! nephron epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001285 ! nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0005135 name: metanephric glomerular epithelium def: "A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072244] is_a: UBERON:0004188 ! glomerular epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005134 ! metanephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004188 ! glomerular epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005136 name: metanephric glomerular endothelium def: "The metanephric glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072264] is_a: UBERON:0004189 ! glomerular endothelium is_a: UBERON:0005135 ! metanephric glomerular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004189 ! glomerular endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005137 name: metanephric capsule alt_id: UBERON:0005112 def: "The metanephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the metanephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage[GO]." [GO:0072213] is_a: UBERON:0002015 ! kidney capsule is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0002015 ! kidney capsule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005139 name: metanephric long descending thin limb def: "The long descending limb starts in the inner stripe of the outer medulla and extends into the inner medulla[GO]." [GO:0072269] is_a: UBERON:0005100 ! long descending thin limb is_a: UBERON:0005134 ! metanephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0005100 ! long descending thin limb intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005140 name: metanephric short nephron def: "Short nephrons are associated with mid-cortical and superficial glomeruli, are situated entirely in the outer medulla, and have no thin ascending limb[GO]." [GO:0072270] is_a: UBERON:0004195 ! short nephron is_a: UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004195 ! short nephron intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005141 name: metanephric short descending thin limb def: "The metanephric short descending thin limb is the descending thin limb of a short nephron in the metanephros that has a squamous epithelial morphology[GO]." [GO:0072271] is_a: UBERON:0005099 ! short descending thin limb is_a: UBERON:0005134 ! metanephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0005099 ! short descending thin limb intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005144 name: metanephric glomerular capillary def: "This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts[GO]." [GO:0072277] is_a: UBERON:0004212 ! glomerular capillary is_a: UBERON:0005135 ! metanephric glomerular epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005146 ! metanephric nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004212 ! glomerular capillary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005145 name: metanephric comma-shaped body def: "The metanephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the metanephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072278] is_a: UBERON:0004198 ! comma-shaped body is_a: UBERON:0005146 ! metanephric nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0010535 ! primitive metanephric nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004198 ! comma-shaped body intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005146 name: metanephric nephron tubule alt_id: UBERON:0005128 alt_id: UBERON:0005152 def: "A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephric nephron, the functional part of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072282] is_a: UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0005106 ! metanephric tubule is_a: UBERON:0005134 ! metanephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 {source="ISBN:9780878932504"} ! metanephric mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005147 name: metanephric renal vesicle def: "The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the metanephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells[GO]." [GO:0072283] synonym: "metanephric vesicle" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001245 xref: EHDAA:9346 xref: EMAPA:27678 xref: EMAPA:27829 is_a: UBERON:0004209 ! renal vesicle is_a: UBERON:0005134 ! metanephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004209 ! renal vesicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005113 {source="EHDAA2"} ! metanephric cortex mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005148 name: metanephric S-shaped body def: "The metanephric S-shaped body is the successor of the metanephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072284] is_a: UBERON:0005146 ! metanephric nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0005330 ! mesonephric nephron epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005332 ! mesonephric S-shaped body is_a: UBERON:0010535 ! primitive metanephric nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004199 ! S-shaped body intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0005322 {notes="todo - automate"} ! mesonephric nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0005149 name: metanephric connecting tubule def: "The metanephric connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the metanephric nephron; it connects the distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct in the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072286] is_a: UBERON:0005097 ! connecting tubule is_a: UBERON:0005146 ! metanephric nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0005097 ! connecting tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005151 name: metanephric proximal tubule alt_id: UBERON:0005131 def: "The metanephric proximal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle in the metanephros. It has a brush border epithelial morphology[GO]." [GO:0072288] is_a: UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule is_a: UBERON:0005146 ! metanephric nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005153 name: epithelial bud def: "A bud is a protrusion that forms from an epithelial sheet by localized folding." [GO:0060572] is_a: UBERON:0005157 ! epithelial fold [Term] id: UBERON:0005154 name: epithelial cord comment: TODO - add superclass of developing structure xref: EHDAA2:0004052 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0005155 name: open tracheal system def: "An open tracheal system is a respiratory system, a branched network of epithelial tubes that supplies oxygen to target tissues via spiracles. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GO:0007424] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "invertebrate tracheal system" EXACT [] synonym: "open tracheal system" EXACT [] synonym: "tracheal system" BROAD SENSU [FBbt:00005024] xref: BTO:0003870 xref: FBbt:00005024 xref: SPD:0000427 xref: TADS:0000043 is_a: UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0005156 name: reproductive structure def: "An anatomical structure that is part of the reproductive system." [GOC:cjm] synonym: "reproductive system structure" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0005157 name: epithelial fold def: "An epithelial sheet bent on a linear axis." [GO:0060571] is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0005158 name: parenchyma of central nervous system def: "A parenchyma that is part of a central nervous system [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "central nervous system parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "CNS parenchyma" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parenchyma of central nervous system" EXACT [] synonym: "parenchyma of CNS" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005159 name: pyramid of medulla oblongata def: "The anterior or ventral portion of the medulla oblongata is named the pyramid and lies between the anterior median fissure and the antero-lateral sulcus. Its upper end is slightly constricted, and between it and the pons the fibers of the abducent nerve emerge; a little below the pons it becomes enlarged and prominent, and finally tapers into the anterior funiculus of the medulla spinalis, with which, at first sight, it appears to be directly continuous[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pyramid_(brainstem)] synonym: "lobule VIII of Larsell" EXACT [FMA:75254] synonym: "medullary pyramid" EXACT [FMA:75254] synonym: "pyramid of medulla" EXACT [FMA:75254] synonym: "pyramid of medulla oblongata" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pyramid_(brainstem)] xref: BM:Me-Py xref: FMA:75254 xref: SCTID:9535007 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0005160 name: vestigial structure is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0005161 name: pelvic spur def: "Pelvic spurs are the externally visible portion of the vestigial remnants of legs found on each side of the vent in primitive snakes, such as boas and pythons[1]. The remnants of a pelvis and femur, which have no connection with the spine, simply 'float' in the muscle mass[1]. The femur protrudes from the snake's body and is covered by a corneal spur, which resembles a claw[1]. Males' spurs are generally longer and more pointed than females', and are used for clasping and tickling during courtship and mating[2], as well as combat with other males in some species" [Wikipedia:Pelvic_spur] synonym: "anal spur" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anal_spur] is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage is_a: UBERON:0005160 ! vestigial structure [Term] id: UBERON:0005162 name: multi cell component structure def: "A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part." [CARO:0001000] comment: AO notes: we go with the FMA classification rather than the CARO one. FMA def: "Anatomical cluster which has as direct parts cell parts from two or more cells." subset: upper_level synonym: "cell part cluster" RELATED [FMA:83115] synonym: "multi-cell-component structure" EXACT [CARO:0001000] xref: AAO:0011000 xref: CARO:0001000 xref: FBbt:00007060 xref: FMA:83115 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0005164 name: ascending limb of loop of Henle def: "the distal part of the loop of Henle that is impermeable to water and actively pumps sodium out of the filtrate to generate the hypertonic interstitium that drives countercurrent exchange; it consists of an initial very thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium followed by a distal thick segment lined by simple cuboidal epithelium[MP]." [MP:0011342, Wikipedia:Ascending_limb_of_loop_of_Henle] comment: TODO: thick/thin check. Also relationship to distal tubule. We need a home for MA:0002634-renal straight tubule subset: uberon_slim synonym: "ascending limb" BROAD [] synonym: "ascending limb of Henle's loop" EXACT [] synonym: "distal straight tubule" RELATED [] synonym: "loop of Henle ascending limb" EXACT [MP:0011342] xref: FMA:17717 xref: MA:0001676 xref: ncithesaurus:Ascending_Limb_of_the_Henle_s_Loop xref: SCTID:245434005 is_a: UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle [Term] id: UBERON:0005167 name: papillary duct def: "The terminal portions of the medullary collecting ducts are the papillary ducts, which end at the renal papilla and empty into a minor calyx." [Encyclopedia:http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/] synonym: "Bellini's duct" RELATED [MP:0011331] synonym: "duct of Bellini" RELATED [] synonym: "papillary duct of kidney" EXACT [SCTID:110623009] xref: BTO:0004540 xref: MA:0001646 xref: SCTID:110623009 is_a: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0005168 name: interlobular vein def: "The venae stellatae join to form the interlobular veins, which pass inward between the rays, receive branches from the plexuses around the convoluted tubules, and, having arrived at the bases of the renal pyramids, join with the venae rectae" [Wikipedia:Interlobular_veins] synonym: "interlobular veins of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71634] synonym: "set of interlobular veins of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71634] synonym: "venae interlobulares renis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71634, FMA:TA] synonym: "venae interlobulares renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Interlobular_veins] xref: EMAPA:28218 xref: FMA:71634 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Gray1128.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gray1128.png/200px-Gray1128.png xref: MA:0002594 is_a: UBERON:0005269 ! renal cortex vein disjoint_from: UBERON:0009887 ! interlobar vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005169 name: interstitial tissue def: "connective tissue between the cellular elements of a structure." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tissue] comment: Editors note: specify differentia from stroma synonym: "interstitium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86301 xref: SCTID:85293002 is_a: UBERON:0003891 {source="FMA"} ! stroma [Term] id: UBERON:0005170 name: ovary stratum granulosum subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "granulosa cell layer" RELATED [TAO:0001112] synonym: "granulosa cell layer of ovarian follicle" EXACT [FMA:18660] synonym: "membrana granulosa of ovarian follicle" EXACT [FMA:18660] synonym: "stratum granulosum of ovarian follicle" EXACT [FMA:18660] xref: FMA:18660 xref: MA:0001460 xref: SCTID:258971005 xref: TAO:0001112 xref: ZFA:0001112 is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0005171 name: hepatic duct def: "The hepatic duct is the duct that leads from the liver to the bile duct[GO]. A duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine[ZFA]." [GO:0061011] comment: TODO - MA distinguishes between bile duct, hepatic duct, common bile duct and common hepatic duct. in FMA hepatic duct and common hepatic duct are the same subset: vertebrate_core xref: EHDAA2:0000741 xref: EHDAA:3049 xref: EMAPA:16843 xref: EMAPA:18672 xref: galen:HepaticDuct xref: MA:0000357 xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Duct xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvWo8WJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:245399002 xref: TAO:0001100 xref: VHOG:0000219 xref: ZFA:0001100 is_a: UBERON:0002394 ! bile duct relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001173 ! biliary tree property_value: external_definition "A duct that carries bile from the liver to the small intestine.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001100", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "The excretory duct of the liver or one of its branches in the lobes of the liver. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000219", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hepatic+duct"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005172 name: abdomen organ def: "An organ that is part of an abdomen [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative xref: MA:0000522 xref: SCTID:272631008 is_a: UBERON:0005173 ! abdominal segment organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0005173 name: abdominal segment organ comment: Includes abdomen organ and pelvis organ subset: non_informative xref: MA:0000529 is_a: UBERON:0005177 ! trunk organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0005174 name: back organ def: "An organ that is part of a back [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: non_informative subset: organ_slim xref: MA:0001901 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 ! dorsum [Term] id: UBERON:0005175 name: chest organ def: "An organ that is part of a chest [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim xref: MA:0000552 is_a: UBERON:0005181 ! thoracic segment organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 ! chest [Term] id: UBERON:0005176 name: tooth enamel organ def: "." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3556489&group_id=76834&atid=994726, Wikipedia:Enamel_organ] comment: Editor notes: some sources treat the dental organ as epithelium - we treat it as the mereological sum of dentail epithelium plus dental papilla (consistent with treatment in many AOs), but this may be revised.Development notes: NOT develeops_from NC[UBERONREF:0000002]. Alternate definitioon: A cellular aggregation seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth. It lies above a condensation of ectomesenchymal cells called the odontogenic papilla. Historically, enamel organ has been the term to describe this structure, but it was attempted unsuccessfully in recent years to change the name to dental organ in order to better represent its multiple functions apart from enamel formation[WP] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dental organ" EXACT [ZFA:0005138] synonym: "enamel organ" EXACT [MP:0010747] synonym: "odontogenic organ" RELATED [] synonym: "organum enameleum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Enamel_organ] xref: BTO:0001722 xref: MA:0001604 xref: MESH:A.14.254.900.720.265 xref: SCTID:362863002 xref: TAO:0005138 xref: ZFA:0005138 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="ZFA"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005087 {source="ZFA"} ! tooth placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 {source="MA-abduced"} ! calcareous tooth property_value: external_definition "A structure that is involved in tooth formation. A bell shape two layer epithelial structure that descends toward the ceratobranchial 5 bone, enclosing the dental mesenchyme. At later times in tooth development the cells at the apex of the bell may be involved in enameloid formation. This structure remains at the base of the erupted tooth and is the source of replacement teeth.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005138", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 [Term] id: UBERON:0005177 name: trunk organ def: "An organ that is part of a trunk [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim xref: MA:0000516 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0005178 name: thoracic cavity organ def: "An organ that is part of a thoracic cavity [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000557 is_a: UBERON:0005181 ! thoracic segment organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0005179 name: pelvis organ def: "An organ that is part of the pelvic region[Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim xref: MA:0000543 is_a: UBERON:0005173 ! abdominal segment organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 ! pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0005180 name: obsolete lymph organ def: "An organ that is part of a lymph [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0005181 name: thoracic segment organ subset: non_informative synonym: "upper body organ" RELATED [MA:0000563] xref: MA:0000563 is_a: UBERON:0005177 ! trunk organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0005184 name: hair medulla def: "Innermost layer of the hair shaft." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovary_(hair)] synonym: "medulla of hair shaft" RELATED [BTO:0004671] xref: BTO:0004671 xref: MA:0000158 xref: SCTID:318929009 is_a: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001037 intersection_of: UBERON:0000958 ! medulla intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair relationship: part_of UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0005185 name: renal medulla collecting duct def: "A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a renal medulla [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney medulla collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002935] synonym: "medullary collecting duct" EXACT [EMAPA:28061] xref: EMAPA:28061 xref: MA:0002935 is_a: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 intersection_of: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla [Term] id: UBERON:0005186 name: outer renal medulla collecting duct def: "A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a outer medulla of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney outer medulla collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002599] xref: MA:0002599 is_a: UBERON:0005185 ! renal medulla collecting duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 intersection_of: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005187 name: inner renal medulla collecting duct def: "A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a inner medulla of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney inner medulla collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002598] synonym: "papillary collecting duct" RELATED [MA:0002598] xref: MA:0002598 is_a: UBERON:0005185 ! renal medulla collecting duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001294 intersection_of: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001294 ! inner medulla of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001294 ! inner medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005188 name: obsolete caput epididymis is_obsolete: true replaced_by: UBERON:0004358 [Term] id: UBERON:0005189 name: obsolete corpus epididymis is_obsolete: true replaced_by: UBERON:0004359 [Term] id: UBERON:0005190 name: obsolete cauda epididymis is_obsolete: true replaced_by: UBERON:0004360 [Term] id: UBERON:0005191 name: cervical artery def: "An artery that is part of a uterine cervix [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001936 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Artery is_a: UBERON:0002493 ! uterine artery is_a: UBERON:0004801 ! cervix epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000002 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000002 ! uterine cervix relationship: part_of UBERON:0000002 ! uterine cervix [Term] id: UBERON:0005192 name: deferent duct artery def: "An artery that is part of a vas deferens [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001940 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0004806 ! vas deferens epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens [Term] id: UBERON:0005193 name: ethmoidal artery def: "An artery that is part of a ethmoid [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001949 xref: ncithesaurus:Ethmoidal_Artery xref: SCTID:244222007 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0005194 name: thoracic vein def: "A vein that is part of a thorax [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002235 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Vein xref: SCTID:281472008 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003834 ! thoracic segment blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0005195 name: deferent duct vein def: "A vein that is part of a vas deferens [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002100 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0004806 ! vas deferens epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens [Term] id: UBERON:0005196 name: spleen germinal center def: "A germinal center that is part of the spleen. The spleen germinal center is located in a secondary B follicle in the white pulp of the spleen." [CL:tm, https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/6] synonym: "germinal center of spleen" EXACT [] synonym: "spleen follicle center" EXACT [MP:0008474] synonym: "spleen GC" EXACT [MP:0008474] synonym: "splenic germinal center" EXACT [MP:0008474] xref: MA:0000764 xref: ncithesaurus:Spleen_Germinal_Center is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0004042 {source="CL:tm"} ! spleen secondary B follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0005197 name: segmental spinal nerve comment: todo - check synonym: "cervical segmental spinal nerves C1-7" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001822] xref: EHDAA2:0001822 xref: EHDAA:3778 xref: EMAPA:16990 xref: EMAPA:25149 xref: MA:0000234 xref: VHOG:0000920 is_a: UBERON:0001780 {source="MA"} ! spinal nerve is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000044 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dorsal root ganglion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001806 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0005198 name: obsolete coat hair bulb is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0005199 name: cervical mammary gland xref: MA:0000789 is_a: UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0005434 intersection_of: UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region relationship: part_of UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region [Term] id: UBERON:0005200 name: thoracic mammary gland def: "A lactiferous gland that is located in the thoracic region/breast." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Mammary_gland#Other_mammals] comment: Most primates have one pair of mammary glands, which are thoracic. synonym: "anterior mammary gland" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammary_gland#Other_mammals] synonym: "breast mammary gland" EXACT [] synonym: "lactiferous gland" BROAD SENSU [FMA:62088] synonym: "mammary gland" BROAD SENSU [FMA:62088] xref: EHDAA2:0001056 xref: EHDAA:6524 xref: FMA:62088 xref: MA:0000797 xref: SCTID:31448001 is_a: UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland is_a: UBERON:0005175 ! chest organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000310 {source="BTO"} ! breast relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0005201 name: obsolete cervical trunk comment: was obsolete as it was defined incorrectly. See Fig97 of The Anatomy of the Laboratory Mouse. May be included in future versions of this ontology that include more detailed relationships and comparisons of the arterial system xref: http://www.informatics.jax.org/cookbook/figures/figure97.shtml is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0005202 name: distal straight tubule macula densa def: "A macula densa that is part of an ascending limb of loop of Henle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - unify terminology - check DST = TAL? Note EMAPA class appears to refer to this segment xref: EMAPA:28399 xref: MA:0002604 is_a: UBERON:0002335 ! macula densa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001291 intersection_of: UBERON:0002335 ! macula densa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001291 ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001291 {source="MA"} ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001291 ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0006853 {source="MA"} ! renal cortex tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0005203 name: trachea gland def: "A gland that is part of a submucosa of trachea [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim synonym: "glandula trachealis" EXACT [FMA:7473] synonym: "tracheal gland" EXACT [FMA:7473] synonym: "tubular seromucous gland of trachea" EXACT [FMA:7473] xref: FMA:7473 xref: MA:0002937 xref: SCTID:197423006 is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002202 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002202 ! submucosa of trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002202 ! submucosa of trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0005204 name: larynx submucosa gland def: "A gland that is part of a larynx submucosa [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: organ_slim xref: MA:0002729 is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004778 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004778 ! larynx submucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0004778 ! larynx submucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0005205 name: vagina stroma xref: MA:0002737 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0005206 name: choroid plexus stroma def: "A stroma that is part of a choroid plexus [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000825 is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001886 intersection_of: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0005207 name: tonsil capsule def: "A capsule that is part of a tonsil [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0000776 is_a: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002372 intersection_of: UBERON:0003893 ! capsule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil relationship: part_of UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil [Term] id: UBERON:0005208 name: right atrium valve def: "A valve that is part of a right atrium [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "right atrium valves" RELATED PLURAL [EHDAA2:0000302] synonym: "valve of right atrium" EXACT [EMAPA:17327] xref: EHDAA2:0000302 xref: EMAPA:17327 xref: MA:0001871 is_a: UBERON:0003978 ! valve is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 intersection_of: UBERON:0003978 ! valve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005211 name: renal medulla interstitium def: "tissue surrounding the loop of Henle in the renal medulla.." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovaryry_interstitium] comment: Function notes: It functions in renal water reabsorption by building up a high hypertonicity, which draws water out of the thin descending limb of the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system. This hypertonicity, in turn, is created by an efflux of urea from the inner medullary collecting duct. synonym: "kidney medulla interstitium" EXACT [MA:0002619] xref: EMAPA:18326 xref: MA:0002619 is_a: UBERON:0005215 ! kidney interstitium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 intersection_of: UBERON:0005169 ! interstitial tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla relationship: part_of UBERON:0005215 {source="MA"} ! kidney interstitium [Term] id: UBERON:0005212 name: testis interstitial tissue def: "The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS.." [MESH:A.05.360.444.849] synonym: "interstitium of testis" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "interstitium of the testis" EXACT [EMAPA:18687] synonym: "testis - interstitial" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "testis interstitium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EMAPA:18687 xref: MA:0002713 xref: SCTID:362280005 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005169 ! interstitial tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 intersection_of: UBERON:0005169 ! interstitial tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis [Term] id: UBERON:0005213 name: outer renal medulla interstitium def: "A portion of interstitial tissue that is part of a outer medulla of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney outer medulla interstitium" EXACT [MA:0002621] synonym: "outer medullary interstitium" EXACT [EMAPA:28337] xref: EMAPA:28337 xref: MA:0002621 is_a: UBERON:0005211 ! renal medulla interstitium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 intersection_of: UBERON:0005169 ! interstitial tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005214 name: inner renal medulla interstitium def: "A portion of interstitial tissue that is part of a inner medulla of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner medullary interstitium" EXACT [EMAPA:28364] synonym: "kidney inner medulla interstitium" EXACT [MA:0002620] xref: EMAPA:28364 xref: MA:0002620 is_a: UBERON:0005211 ! renal medulla interstitium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001294 intersection_of: UBERON:0005169 ! interstitial tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001294 ! inner medulla of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001294 ! inner medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005215 name: kidney interstitium def: "The interstitium of the kidney comprises the extravascular intertubular spaces of the renal parenchyma, with their attendant cellular elements and extracellular substances. As we define it here, the interstitium is bounded on all sides by tubular and vascular basement membranes." [doi:10.1038/ki.1991.49] synonym: "renal interstitium" EXACT [FMA:70983] synonym: "renal stroma" EXACT [FMA:70983] synonym: "stroma of kidney" EXACT [FMA:70983] xref: EMAPA:27690 xref: FMA:70983 xref: MA:0002616 is_a: UBERON:0003567 ! abdomen connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0005169 ! interstitial tissue is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0005169 ! interstitial tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005216 name: optic eminence surface ectoderm def: "An external ectoderm that is part of a optic eminence [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:16539 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001311 xref: VHOG:0000520 is_a: UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0004348 intersection_of: UBERON:0000076 ! external ectoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence relationship: part_of UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence [Term] id: UBERON:0005217 name: midbrain subarachnoid space def: "A subarachnoid space that is part of a midbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subarachnoid space mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0001304] synonym: "subarachnoid space midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0001304] xref: EMAPA:19055 xref: VHOG:0001304 is_a: UBERON:0000315 ! subarachnoid space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0000315 ! subarachnoid space intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain property_value: external_definition "Subarachnoid space that is part of the midbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001304", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005218 name: diencephalon subarachnoid space def: "A subarachnoid space that is part of a diencephalon [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subarachnoid space diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0001302] xref: EMAPA:19053 xref: EMAPA:25079 xref: VHOG:0001302 is_a: UBERON:0000315 ! subarachnoid space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0000315 ! subarachnoid space intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon property_value: external_definition "Subarachnoid space that is part of the diencephalon. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001302", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005219 name: hindbrain subarachnoid space def: "A subarachnoid space that is part of a hindbrain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "subarachnoid space hindbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0001303] synonym: "subarachnoid space rhombencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0001303] xref: EMAPA:18211 xref: VHOG:0001303 is_a: UBERON:0000315 ! subarachnoid space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0000315 ! subarachnoid space intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: external_definition "Subarachnoid space that is part of the hindbrain. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001303", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005220 name: pancreas head parenchyma def: "A parenchyma that is part of a head of pancreas [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: VHOG:0000838 is_a: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001069 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001069 ! head of pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0001069 ! head of pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0005221 name: liver right lobe parenchyma def: "A parenchyma that is part of a right lobe of liver [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parenchyma of right lobe of liver" EXACT [FMA:71657] xref: EHDAA2:0001010 xref: EMAPA:18317 xref: FMA:71657 xref: VHOG:0000840 is_a: UBERON:0001280 ! liver parenchyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0005222 name: liver left lobe parenchyma def: "A parenchyma that is part of a left lobe of liver [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "parenchyma of left lobe of liver" EXACT [FMA:71658] xref: EHDAA2:0001002 xref: EMAPA:18310 xref: FMA:71658 xref: VHOG:0000839 is_a: UBERON:0001280 ! liver parenchyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0005223 name: pancreas body parenchyma def: "A parenchyma that is part of a body of pancreas [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001370 xref: VHOG:0000837 is_a: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0001150 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001150 ! body of pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0001150 ! body of pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0005224 name: pancreas tail parenchyma def: "A parenchyma that is part of a tail of pancreas [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001392 xref: VHOG:0000469 is_a: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001151 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001151 ! tail of pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0001151 ! tail of pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0005225 name: upper leg epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002131 xref: EMAPA:17500 xref: VHOG:0001041 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003371 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0005226 name: pedal digit epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a toe [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe epithelium" EXACT [] xref: VHOG:0001031 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003248 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelium of footplate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0005227 name: manual digit epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "finger epithelium" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000406 xref: VHOG:0001032 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010332 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelium of handplate relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0005228 name: upper arm epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002113 xref: EMAPA:17425 xref: VHOG:0000990 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0005229 name: lower leg epithelium def: "An epithelium that is part of a lower leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001031 xref: EMAPA:17497 xref: VHOG:0001050 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003371 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pelvic appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0005230 name: obsolete fundus epithelium comment: obsoleted due to confusion between ocular fundus and other types of fundus is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0005233 name: medial-nasal process ectoderm def: "An ectoderm that is part of a medial nasal prominence [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001078 xref: EMAPA:16809 xref: VHOG:0000803 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004068 intersection_of: UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0005234 name: optic eminence ectoderm def: "An ectoderm that is part of a optic eminence [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:940 xref: EMAPA:16323 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001309 xref: VHOG:0001105 is_a: UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0004348 intersection_of: UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence relationship: part_of UBERON:0004348 ! optic eminence [Term] id: UBERON:0005236 name: osseus labyrinth vestibule def: "A small, oval, bony chamber of the labyrinth. The vestibule contains the utricle and saccule, organs which are part of the balancing apparatus of the ear." [BTO:0003382, Wikipedia:Vestibule_of_the_ear] synonym: "bony labyrinth vestibule" EXACT [] synonym: "inner ear vestibule" RELATED [BTO:0003382] synonym: "inner ear vestibulum" EXACT [BTO:0003382] synonym: "osseous labyrinth vestibule" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "vestibular apparatus" RELATED [GAID:881] synonym: "vestibular part of bony labyrinth" RELATED [FMA:60183] synonym: "vestibule" BROAD [XAO:0000199] synonym: "vestibule of bony labyrinth" EXACT [FMA:60183] synonym: "vestibulum labyrinthi, vestibulum auris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vestibule_of_the_ear] xref: AAO:0000984 xref: BTO:0003382 xref: EV:0100366 xref: FMA:60183 xref: GAID:881 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray919.png xref: MA:0001185 xref: MESH:A.09.246.631.909 xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibule xref: SCTID:181188003 xref: VHOG:0001220 xref: XAO:0000199 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth property_value: external_definition "A tube leading from the external naris to the nasal cavity.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000984", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "The vestibule is the central part of the osseous labyrinth, and is situated medial to the tympanic cavity, behind the cochlea, and in front of the semicircular canals. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestibule_of_the_ear][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001220", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005239 name: basal plate metencephalon synonym: "metencephalon basal plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001154] xref: EHDAA2:0001154 xref: EMAPA:17078 xref: VHOG:0000320 is_a: UBERON:0004064 ! basal plate property_value: external_definition "The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the metencephalon. [Chordate_evolution_and_the_origin_of_craniates:_An_old_brain_in_a_new_head._AnaT_Rec_(New_Anat)_(2000)_261(3):_111-125, See_Butler_AB][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000320", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005240 name: basal plate medulla oblongata synonym: "medulla oblongata basal plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001093] xref: EHDAA2:0001093 xref: EMAPA:17557 xref: VHOG:0000324 is_a: UBERON:0004064 ! basal plate property_value: external_definition "The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the medulla oblongata. [Chordate_evolution_and_the_origin_of_craniates:_An_old_brain_in_a_new_head._AnaT_Rec_(New_Anat)_(2000)_261(3):_111-125, See_Butler_AB][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000324", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005241 name: obsolete apical ectodermal ridge forelimb def: "A forelimb that is part of an apical ectodermal ridge [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0005242 name: obsolete apical ectodermal ridge hindlimb def: "A hindlimb that is part of an apical ectodermal ridge [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0005243 name: interventricular septum endocardium def: "An endocardium that is part of a interventricular septum [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: todo - split? synonym: "endocardium of interventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:83584] synonym: "interventricular septum endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0000615] xref: EHDAA2:0000886 xref: EHDAA2:0000887 xref: FMA:83584 xref: VHOG:0000615 is_a: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 intersection_of: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002094 ! interventricular septum [Term] id: UBERON:0005244 name: lobar bronchus of right lung cranial lobe alt_id: UBERON:0012060 def: "." [Wikipedia:Eparterial_bronchus] synonym: "eparterial bronchus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Eparterial_bronchus] synonym: "lobar bronchus of cranial lobe" BROAD [EMAPA:17992] synonym: "right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001752] synonym: "right superior lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7397] synonym: "right upper lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7397] synonym: "right upper lobe bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7397] xref: EHDAA2:0001752 xref: EMAPA:17992 xref: FMA:7397 xref: VHOG:0000240 is_a: UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002170 intersection_of: UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002170 ! upper lobe of right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0005245 name: lobar bronchus of right lung caudal lobe def: "A lobar bronchus that is part of a lower lobe of right lung [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "lobar bronchus of caudal lobe" EXACT [EMAPA:17987] xref: EHDAA2:0001744 xref: EMAPA:17987 xref: VHOG:0000250 is_a: UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002171 intersection_of: UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0005248 name: bulbus cordis myocardium def: "A myocardium that is part of a bulbus cordis [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "bulbus cordis cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0000609] xref: VHOG:0000609 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004706 intersection_of: UBERON:0002349 ! myocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004706 ! bulbus cordis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004706 ! bulbus cordis [Term] id: UBERON:0005249 name: metanephric renal pelvis synonym: "metanephros pelvis" EXACT [VHOG:0000945] xref: VHOG:0000945 is_a: UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros property_value: homology_notes "The ureteric bud itself forms the collecting tubules and the ureter that drain the adult kidney. This type of kidney, called the metanephros, occurs in all adult amniotes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000945", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.639", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005250 name: stomatodeum gland subset: organ_slim synonym: "stomatodaeum gland" EXACT [VHOG:0000658] xref: VHOG:0000658 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000930 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum [Term] id: UBERON:0005251 name: yolk sac cavity def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a yolk sac [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cavity of yolk sac" EXACT [FMA:63942] xref: EMAPA:16055 xref: FMA:63942 xref: VHOG:0000843 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0005252 name: omental bursa cavity def: "An anatomical cavity that is part of a lesser sac [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: note EHDAA2 synonym: "cavity of lesser sac" EXACT [FMA:9702] synonym: "cavity of omental bursa" EXACT [FMA:9702] synonym: "cavity of omental bursa viewed anatomically" EXACT [FMA:9702] synonym: "lesser peritoneal sac" EXACT [FMA:9702] synonym: "lesser sac cavity" EXACT [FMA:9702] xref: EHDAA2:0004558 xref: EMAPA:18458 xref: EMAPA:18461 xref: FMA:9702 xref: VHOG:0000827 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001341 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac relationship: develops_in UBERON:0005450 {source="EHDAA2"} ! greater sac cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001341 ! lesser sac [Term] id: UBERON:0005253 name: head mesenchyme def: "Portion of primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing head, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to head connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with cranial neural crest cells." [ISBN:0683400088, MP:0011260] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cephalic mesenchyme" EXACT [MP:0011260] xref: EFO:0003492 xref: EHDAA2:0000732 xref: EHDAA:179 xref: EMAPA:16098 xref: EMAPA:16269 xref: TAO:0000113 xref: VHOG:0000332 xref: ZFA:0000113 is_a: UBERON:0003104 {source="ZFA"} ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head property_value: external_definition "Mesoderm that will give rise, along with cranial neural crest cells, to connective tissue, bone and musculature in the head. (Source: BioGlossary, www.Biology-Text.com)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000113", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005254 name: upper leg mesenchyme def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002132 xref: EMAPA:17501 xref: VHOG:0000506 is_a: UBERON:0003860 ! hindlimb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0005255 name: pedal digit mesenchyme def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a toe [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "toe mesenchyme" EXACT [] xref: VHOG:0000463 is_a: UBERON:0003860 ! hindlimb mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure is_a: UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003328 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme of footplate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0005256 name: trunk mesenchyme subset: vertebrate_core xref: EFO:0003485 xref: EHDAA2:0002092 xref: EHDAA:377 xref: EMAPA:16177 xref: TAO:0000081 xref: VHOG:0000281 xref: ZFA:0000081 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0005257 name: manual digit mesenchyme def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a finger [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: Editor notes: In EHDAA2, the metacarpal cartilage condensation is considered part of the digits - it might be better to call the whole structure digital ray mesenchyme/condensation synonym: "anterior limb digital ray mesenchyme" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "finger mesenchyme" EXACT [] synonym: "manual digital ray mesenchyme" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] xref: EHDAA2:0000407 xref: VHOG:0001416 is_a: UBERON:0003859 ! forelimb mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure is_a: UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009523 ! mesenchyme of handplate relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0005258 name: upper arm mesenchyme def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0002114 xref: EMAPA:17426 xref: VHOG:0000505 is_a: UBERON:0003859 ! forelimb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003822 ! forelimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0005259 name: lower leg mesenchyme def: "A mesenchyme that is part of a lower leg [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001032 xref: EMAPA:17498 xref: VHOG:0000752 is_a: UBERON:0003860 ! hindlimb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0005261 name: atrium cardiac jelly def: "A cardiac jelly that is part of an atrium [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:16690 xref: EMAPA:16814 xref: EMAPA:16821 xref: VHOG:0000941 is_a: UBERON:0003906 ! cardiac jelly is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 intersection_of: UBERON:0003906 ! cardiac jelly intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium property_value: external_definition "Cardiac jelly that is part of the atrium. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000941", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005262 name: ventricle cardiac jelly def: "A cardiac jelly that is part of a ventricle [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: VHOG:0000943 is_a: UBERON:0003906 ! cardiac jelly is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 intersection_of: UBERON:0003906 ! cardiac jelly intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle property_value: external_definition "Cardiac jelly that is part of the ventricle. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000943", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005263 name: outflow tract cardiac jelly def: "A cardiac jelly that is part of a outflow tract [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0001354 xref: EMAPA:16230 xref: EMAPA:16347 xref: VHOG:0000940 is_a: UBERON:0003906 ! cardiac jelly is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 intersection_of: UBERON:0003906 ! cardiac jelly intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract property_value: external_definition "Cardiac jelly that is part of the outflow tract. [Bgee_curator][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000940", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005264 name: obsolete midbrain neural fold is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0005265 name: obsolete hindbrain neural fold is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0005266 name: obsolete spinal cord neural fold is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0005267 name: renal cortex collecting duct def: "A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a cortex of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney cortex collecting duct" EXACT [MA:0002600] xref: MA:0002600 is_a: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 intersection_of: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005268 name: renal cortex artery def: "An artery that is part of a cortex of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney cortex artery" EXACT [MP:0011314] synonym: "renal cortex arterial system" RELATED [MA:0002582] synonym: "renal cortex artery" EXACT [MA:0002582] xref: EMAPA:28035 xref: MA:0002582 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003644 ! kidney arterial blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005269 name: renal cortex vein def: "A vein that is part of a cortex of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "kidney cortex vein" RELATED [MP:0011322] synonym: "renal cortex venous system" RELATED [MA:0002592] xref: EMAPA:28152 xref: MA:0002592 is_a: UBERON:0001140 ! renal vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005270 name: renal cortex interstitium def: "A portion of interstitial tissue that is part of a cortex of kidney [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "cortical stroma" RELATED [EMAPA:28136] synonym: "kidney cortex interstitium" EXACT [MA:0002608] xref: EMAPA:28136 xref: MA:0002608 is_a: UBERON:0005215 ! kidney interstitium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 intersection_of: UBERON:0005169 ! interstitial tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 {source="MA"} ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0005215 {source="MA"} ! kidney interstitium [Term] id: UBERON:0005271 name: juxtamedullary cortex def: "the part of the renal cortex nearest to the medulla." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/juxtamedullary+cortex] synonym: "inner cortex of kidney" EXACT [FMA:74288] synonym: "inner renal cortex" EXACT [KUPO:0001008] synonym: "juxtamedullary cortex of kidney" EXACT [FMA:74288] xref: FMA:74288 xref: KUPO:0001008 xref: MA:0001648 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 {source="FMA", source="KUPO"} ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005272 name: peritubular capillary def: "In the renal system, peritubular capillaries are tiny blood vessels that travel alongside nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron. Ions and minerals that need to be saved in the body are reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries through active transport, secondary active transport, or transcytosis. The ions that need to be excreted as waste are secreted from the capillaries into the nephron to be sent towards the bladder and out of the body. The majority of exchange through the peritubular capillaries occurs because of chemical gradients, osmosis and Na+ pumps[WP]." [Wikipedia:Peritubular_capillaries] xref: MA:0002588 is_a: UBERON:0003527 ! kidney capillary [Term] id: UBERON:0005273 name: nail bed def: "Region of skin beneath the nail plate[WP]." [UBERON:gvg] xref: EV:0100158 xref: MA:0002706 xref: SCTID:181578005 xref: VHOG:0001362 is_a: UBERON:0005275 ! dorsal skin of digit relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008198 ! nail plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 {source="MA"} ! nail [Term] id: UBERON:0005274 name: proximal nail bed xref: MA:0002709 is_a: UBERON:0005275 ! dorsal skin of digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 {source="MA"} ! nail [Term] id: UBERON:0005275 name: dorsal skin of digit synonym: "dorsal digit skin" EXACT [] synonym: "skin of dorsal part of digit" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001419 ! skin of limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit [Term] id: UBERON:0005276 name: dorsal skin of finger comment: this class is explicitly the union of the two FMA classes synonym: "dorsal finger skin" EXACT [] synonym: "skin of dorsal part of finger" EXACT [FMA:38320] synonym: "subdivision of skin of dorsal part of finger" EXACT [FMA:60346] xref: FMA:38320 xref: FMA:60346 is_a: UBERON:0003533 ! manual digit skin is_a: UBERON:0005275 ! dorsal skin of digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0005275 ! dorsal skin of digit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0005277 name: dorsal skin of toe comment: this class is explicitly the union of the two FMA classes synonym: "dorsal toe skin" EXACT [] synonym: "skin of dorsal part of toe" EXACT [FMA:37868] synonym: "subdivision of skin of dorsal part of toe" EXACT [FMA:60523] xref: FMA:37868 xref: FMA:60523 is_a: UBERON:0003530 ! pedal digit skin is_a: UBERON:0005275 ! dorsal skin of digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0005275 ! dorsal skin of digit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0005278 name: nail bed of finger xref: FMA:60348 xref: SCTID:244199003 is_a: UBERON:0005273 ! nail bed is_a: UBERON:0005276 ! dorsal skin of finger relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0005273 ! nail bed intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0005279 name: nail bed of toe xref: FMA:60529 xref: SCTID:244200000 is_a: UBERON:0005273 ! nail bed is_a: UBERON:0005277 ! dorsal skin of toe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0005273 ! nail bed intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0005280 name: obsolete head mesoderm synonym: "cranial mesoderm" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true replaced_by: UBERON:0006904 [Term] id: UBERON:0005281 name: ventricular system of central nervous system def: "a set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. It is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Ventricular_system] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ventricular system" EXACT [ZFA:0001261] synonym: "ventricular system of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:242675] xref: EFO:0003650 xref: EHDAA2:0004362 xref: EV:0100306 xref: FMA:242675 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Gray734.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gray734.png/200px-Gray734.png xref: TAO:0001261 xref: ZFA:0001261 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0005282 name: ventricular system of brain synonym: "brain ventricular system" EXACT [VHOG:0000005] xref: EV:0100306 xref: FMA:242787 xref: VHOG:0000005 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 ! ventricular system of central nervous system property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000005", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005283 name: tela choroidea def: "Portion of tissue that is part of the primitive meninx which forms a fold, roofing a ventricle of the brain and supporting the choroid plexus[ZFA]." [ISBN:0030223695, ISBN:0683014617, Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea, ZFA:0000447] comment: Editors note: TODO check relationship to choroid plexus - MP implies it is part of, as does WP. ZF def implies adjacency subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "choroid invagination" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000250] synonym: "tela chorioidea" RELATED [FMA:242849] xref: EHDAA2:0000250 xref: EHDAA:7567 xref: EMAPA:17548 xref: FMA:242849 xref: TAO:0000447 xref: ZFA:0000447 is_a: UBERON:0005358 {source="FMA"} ! ventricle of nervous system relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002360 ! meninx [Term] id: UBERON:0005284 name: brain vasculature def: "A vasculature that is part of a brain [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "vasculature of brain" EXACT [FMA:242007] xref: EFO:0003491 xref: FMA:242007 xref: TAO:0000099 xref: ZFA:0000099 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006876 ! vasculature of organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0005286 name: tela choroidea of tectal ventricle def: "Tela choroidea that lines the tectal ventricle." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "tela chorioidea tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005157] synonym: "tela choroidea of cerebral aqueduct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tela choroidea tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005157] xref: TAO:0005157 xref: ZFA:0005157 is_a: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002289 intersection_of: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002289 ! cerebral aqueduct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002289 ! cerebral aqueduct property_value: external_definition "Tela chorioidea that lines the tectal ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005157", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005287 name: tela choroidea of fourth ventricle def: "Tela chorioidea that lines the fourth ventricle[ZFA]. The tela chorioidea of the fourth ventricle is the name applied to the triangular fold of pia mater which is carried upward between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata. It consists of two layers, which are continuous with each other in front, and are more or less adherent throughout: The posterior layer covers the antero-inferior surface of the cerebellum. The anterior layer is applied to the structures which form the lower part of the roof of the ventricle, and is continuous inferiorly with the pia mater on the inferior peduncles and closed part of the medulla[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_fourth_ventricle, ZFIN:curator] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "choroid membrane" EXACT [FMA:78493] synonym: "choroid membrane of fourth ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78493] synonym: "tela chorioidea fourth ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela choroidea" BROAD [FMA:78493, FMA:TA] synonym: "tela choroidea fourth ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela choroidea of fourth ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela choroidea ventriculi quarti" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78493, FMA:TA] synonym: "tela choroidea ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_fourth_ventricle] xref: FMA:78493 xref: SCTID:362321009 xref: TAO:0005158 xref: ZFA:0005158 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-090922-200 is_a: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 intersection_of: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle property_value: external_definition "Tela chorioidea that lines the fourth ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005158", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005288 name: tela choroidea of third ventricle def: "Tela chorioidea that lines the third ventricle[ZFA]. The part of the choroid plexus in relation to the body of the ventricle forms the vascular fringed margin of a triangular process of pia mater, named the tela chorioidea of the third ventricle, and projects from under cover of the lateral edge of the fornix. Blood is supplied by branches from the superior cerebellar artery[WP]." [Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_third_ventricle, ZFIN:curator] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "choroid membrane of third ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78463] synonym: "tela chorioidea of third ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela chorioidea third ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005159] synonym: "tela choroidea third ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela choroidea ventriculi tertii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:78463, FMA:TA] synonym: "tela choroidea ventriculi tertii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tela_chorioidea_of_third_ventricle] xref: FMA:78463 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray723.png xref: SCTID:362320005 xref: TAO:0005159 xref: ZFA:0005159 is_a: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 intersection_of: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle property_value: external_definition "Tela chorioidea that lines the third ventricle.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005159", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005289 name: tela choroidea of telencephalic ventricle def: "Tela chorioidea that lines the telencephalic ventricle." [ZFIN:curator] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "tela chorioidea of lateral ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela chorioidea of telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela chorioidea telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0005160] synonym: "tela choroidea of lateral ventricle" EXACT [] synonym: "tela choroidea telencephalic ventricle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:83712 xref: SCTID:362319004 xref: TAO:0005160 xref: ZFA:0005160 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-090922-202 is_a: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 intersection_of: UBERON:0005283 ! tela choroidea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005290 name: myelencephalon def: "The posterior part of the developing vertebrate hindbrain or the corresponding part of the adult brain composed of the medulla oblongata and a portion of the fourth ventricle; as well as the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), vagus nerve (CN X), accessory nerve (CN XI), hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).[BTO,WP]." [BTO:0000758, Wikipedia:Myelencephalon] comment: the terms metencephalon and myelencephalon are only meaningful in mammals and birds - Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain. Note that its not clear if this refers to the developing medulla oblongata - MA (adult) has two distinct classes subset: uberon_slim xref: BTO:0000758 xref: EHDAA2:0001207 xref: EHDAA:5526 xref: EMAPA:17082 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/EmbryonicBrain.svg/200px-EmbryonicBrain.svg.png xref: MA:0000205 xref: VHOG:0000456 is_a: UBERON:0004733 ! segmental subdivision of hindbrain is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010096 {evidence="definitional"} ! future myelencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:7955 property_value: external_definition "The posterior of the two brain vesicles formed by specialization of the rhombencephalon in the developing embryo, it comprises the medulla oblongata. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000456", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/myelencephalon"} property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000456", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005291 name: embryonic tissue def: "A portion of tissue that is part of an embryo." [OBOL:automatic] subset: upper_level synonym: "developing tissue" RELATED [] synonym: "portion of embryonic tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0005292 name: extraembryonic tissue def: "Portion of tissue that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "extra-embryonic tissue" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0003360 xref: EFO:0001406 xref: MAT:0000061 xref: MIAA:0000061 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000068 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage [Term] id: UBERON:0005293 name: cerebellum lobe synonym: "cerebellar lobe" EXACT [FMA:242392] synonym: "lobe of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:242392] synonym: "lobe parts of the cerebellar cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1076] xref: FMA:242392 xref: MA:0002963 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1076 xref: SCTID:263971006 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002129 ! cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0005294 name: genital ridge def: "The precursor to the gonads." [Wikipedia:Gonadal_ridge] comment: TODO - check developmental relationships. merge with urogenital ridge? synonym: "crista gonadalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gonadal_ridge] synonym: "gonadal ridge" EXACT [Wikipedia:Gonadal_ridge] xref: AAO:0011047 xref: EHDAA2:0004044 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray1106.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray1106.png/200px-Gray1106.png xref: ncithesaurus:Gonadal_Ridge xref: SCTID:361399001 xref: XAO:0000018 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004876 ! urogenital ridge relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0004122 ! genitourinary system [Term] id: UBERON:0005295 name: sex cord def: "Cordlike masses of epithelial tissue that invaginate from germinal epithelium of the gonad and give rise to seminiferous tubules and rete testes in the male, and primary ovarian follicles and rete ovarii in the female." [http://www.answers.com/topic/sex-cord, Wikipedia:Sex_cords] synonym: "gonad cord" RELATED [] synonym: "gonadal cord" RELATED [] synonym: "primitive sex cord" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0004051 xref: ncithesaurus:Gonadal_Cord xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001523 xref: SCTID:343823004 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005154 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial cord is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005294 ! genital ridge relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0005296 name: ovary sex cord def: "structures that develop from sex cords in the female. After further development they become the ovarian follicles." [Wikipedia:Cortical_cords] comment: TODO check secondary vs cortical vs ovary synonym: "cortical cord" RELATED [] synonym: "cortical sex cord" RELATED [] synonym: "ovary primitive sex cord" RELATED [] synonym: "ovigerous cord" EXACT [] synonym: "ovigerous cords" EXACT PLURAL [VHOG:0001339] synonym: "secondary cord" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0001363 xref: EHDAA:8130 xref: ncithesaurus:Cortical_Cord xref: VHOG:0001339 is_a: UBERON:0004911 ! epithelium of female gonad is_a: UBERON:0005295 ! sex cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 intersection_of: UBERON:0005295 ! sex cord intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010141 ! primitive sex cord of indifferent gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0005297 name: testis sex cord def: "The testis cords are precursors to the rete testis. They play several different roles in the development of the male genitals[WP]." [Wikipedia:Testis_cords] comment: check primary vs testis synonym: "primary sex cord" RELATED [] synonym: "testis cord" EXACT [MP:0006424] synonym: "testis primary sex cords" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002011] synonym: "testis primitive sex cord" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0002011 xref: EHDAA:8152 xref: EMAPA:29098 xref: VHOG:0001321 is_a: UBERON:0004910 ! epithelium of male gonad is_a: UBERON:0005295 ! sex cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 intersection_of: UBERON:0005295 ! sex cord intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010141 ! primitive sex cord of indifferent gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis [Term] id: UBERON:0005298 name: skin of clitoris def: "A zone of skin that is part of a clitoris [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "clitoris skin" EXACT [] xref: FMA:20168 xref: SCTID:361374002 is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0005299 name: prepuce of clitoris def: "In female human anatomy, the clitoral hood, is a fold of skin that surrounds and protects the clitoral glans. It develops as part of the labia minora and is homologous with the foreskin (equally called prepuce) in male genitals." [Wikipedia:Clitoral_hood] comment: Note FMA has FMA:27886 skin of prepuce of clitoris- how is this different? synonym: "clitoral hood" EXACT [Wikipedia:Clitoral_hood] synonym: "clitoral prepuce" EXACT [] synonym: "clitoris prepuce" EXACT [] synonym: "prepuce of female" EXACT [EMAPA:30699] synonym: "prepuce of the clitoris" EXACT [] synonym: "preputium clitoridis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Clitoral_hood] xref: EMAPA:30699 xref: FMA:20169 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Clitoris_outer_anatomy.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Clitoris_outer_anatomy.gif/200px-Clitoris_outer_anatomy.gif xref: ncithesaurus:Female_Prepuce xref: SCTID:362242009 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011374 ! prepuce relationship: part_of UBERON:0005298 ! skin of clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0005300 name: obsolete reproductive gland is_obsolete: true replaced_by: UBERON:0003937 [Term] id: UBERON:0005301 name: male preputial gland def: "One of the sebaceous glands of the corona and neck of the glans penis." [MP:0002717] synonym: "gland of Tyson" RELATED [BTO:0001111] synonym: "preputial gland" BROAD [BTO:0001111, EMAPA:30640] synonym: "preputial gland of male" EXACT [] synonym: "preputial gland of penis" EXACT [FMA:19653] xref: BTO:0001111 xref: EMAPA:30502 xref: EMAPA:30640 xref: EMAPA:30659 xref: FMA:19653 xref: MA:0000403 xref: ncithesaurus:Preputial_Gland is_a: UBERON:0000359 ! preputial gland is_a: UBERON:0010147 ! male accessory sex gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 intersection_of: UBERON:0000359 ! preputial gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0001332 ! prepuce of penis relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism [Term] id: UBERON:0005302 name: female preputial gland def: "A preputial gland that is part of a female organism [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] comment: TODO: check MA terms synonym: "clitoral gland" EXACT [MA:0001702] synonym: "preputial gland of female" EXACT [EMAPA:30499] xref: BTO:0003119 xref: EMAPA:30499 xref: EMAPA:30711 xref: MA:0001702 xref: MA:0001703 xref: ncithesaurus:Clitoral_Gland is_a: UBERON:0000359 ! preputial gland is_a: UBERON:0005398 ! female reproductive gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 intersection_of: UBERON:0000359 ! preputial gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism [Term] id: UBERON:0005303 name: hypogastric nerve def: "the transition between the superior hypogastric plexus and the inferior hypogastric plexus." [Wikipedia:Hypogastric_nerve] comment: check plexus vs nerve. WP indicates it is a 'transition' synonym: "hypogastric nerve plexus" EXACT [MA:0001140] synonym: "hypogastric plexus" EXACT [EMAPA:18225] synonym: "nervus hypogastricus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypogastric_nerve] xref: EMAPA:18225 xref: FMA:77596 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray847.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Gray847.png/200px-Gray847.png xref: MA:0001140 xref: MESH:A.08.800.050.050.400 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypogastric_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:181061006 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0005304 name: submucous nerve plexus def: "The nerves of the small intestines are derived from the plexuses of parasympathetic nerves around the superior mesenteric artery. From this source they run to the myenteric plexus of nerves and ganglia situated between the circular muscular fibers and the mucosal cells. From this a secondary plexus, the plexus of the submucosa (Meissner's plexus, Submucous plexus, submucosal plexus) is derived, and it is formed by branches that have perforated the circular muscular fibers. This plexus lies in the submucous coat of the intestine; it also contains ganglia from which nerve fibers pass to the muscularis mucosae and to the mucous membrane. The nerve bundles of the submucous plexus are finer than those of the myenteric plexus. Its function is to innervate cells in the epithelial layer and the smooth muscle of the[WP]." [Wikipedia:Meissner's_plexus] comment: AO notes: in FMA this is part of the esophagus and intestine; this violates part-disjointness axioms in uberon synonym: "Henle's plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "Meissner's plexus" RELATED [HP:0002251, MA:0001149] synonym: "meissner's plexus" RELATED [] synonym: "submucosal nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:21542, Wikipedia:Meissner's_plexus] xref: FMA:21542 xref: GAID:801 xref: MA:0001149 xref: MESH:A.08.800.050.050.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Submucous_Nerve_Plexus xref: SCTID:322349001 is_a: UBERON:0001816 ! autonomic nerve plexus is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001205 {source="FMA-modified"} ! submucosa of small intestine relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001974 {source="FMA-modified"} ! lamina propria of esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000429 ! enteric plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0005305 name: thyroid follicle def: "Discrete, cystlike units of the thyroid gland that are lined with cuboidal epithelium and are filled with a colloid substance, about 30 to each lobule[BTO]." [BTO:0004708] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "thyroid gland follicle" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004708 xref: FMA:68805 xref: MA:0000726 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroid_Gland_Follicle xref: SCTID:176685006 xref: TAO:0001072 xref: ZFA:0001072 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0005306 name: blastema def: "A blastema is a mass of cells capable of growth and regeneration into organs or body parts. Historically blastema have been thought to be composed of undifferentiated pluripotent cells, but recent research indicates that in some organisms blastema may retain memory of tissue origin.[1] Blastemata are typically found in the early stages of an organism's development such as in embryos, and in the regeneration of tissues, organs and bone[WP]. A regenerating tissue composed of a proliferative mass of undifferentiated progenitor cells from which new differentiated structures arise[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Blastema, ZFA:0001270, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061108-12] synonym: "regeneration blastema" EXACT [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-061108-12] xref: BTO:0001638 xref: EFO:0003658 xref: TAO:0001270 xref: XAO:0004060 xref: ZFA:0001270 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0005307 name: chorion-containing eggshell def: "An eggshell that contains chorion. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GO:0007304] is_a: UBERON:0005079 ! eggshell relationship: has_part UBERON:0000920 ! egg chorion [Term] id: UBERON:0005308 name: nephrostome def: "The nephrostome is the opening of the pronephros into the body cavity[GO]." [GO:0039018] xref: AAO:0011069 xref: XAO:0000062 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005309 name: pronephric nephron def: "A pronephric nephron is the functional unit of the pronephros[GO]." [GO:0039019] xref: AAO:0011091 xref: XAO:0000285 is_a: UBERON:0001285 ! nephron is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 intersection_of: UBERON:0001285 ! nephron intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros property_value: external_definition "The structure that is the basic functional unit of the pronephros.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011091", ontology="AAO", source="UBERON:0005309"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005310 name: pronephric nephron tubule def: "The pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephric nephron and connects the filtration unit (glomerulus or glomus) of the pronephros to the pronephric duct[GO]." [GO:0039020] synonym: "pronephric tubule" EXACT [ZFA:0001558] xref: TAO:0001558 xref: XAO:0004105 xref: ZFA:0001558 is_a: UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 intersection_of: UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005309 ! pronephric nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 ! pronephric nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0005309 {source="GO"} ! pronephric nephron property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:32524 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} property_value: external_definition "Bilaterally paired tubes connecting the pronephric glomeruli to the pronephric ducts. In zebrafish and other teleosts, the pronephric nephron and tubules form after the pronephric duct, connecting to the anterior-most tip of the pronephric ducts. Drummond, 2000.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001558", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005311 name: mammary placode def: "The mammary placode is a transient lens shaped structure that will give rise to the mammary bud proper[GO]." [GO:0060596] comment: TODO develops_from is_a: UBERON:0011814 {source="NBK53175"} ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008425 {source="Stedmans"} ! mammary ridge [Term] id: UBERON:0005312 name: primary ureteric bud def: "." [GO:0060682] is_a: UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud [Term] id: UBERON:0005313 name: mammary duct terminal end bud def: "." [GO:0060763] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001765 ! mammary duct [Term] id: UBERON:0005314 name: alveolar primary septum def: "A primary alveolar septum is a specialized epithelium that surrounds the saccule as it forms[GO]." [GO:0061143] comment: TODO - check UBERON:0004893 interalveolar septum is_a: UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000116 ! lung saccule [Term] id: UBERON:0005315 name: alveolar secondary septum def: "A secondary alveolar septum is a specialized epithelium that subdivides the initial saccule[GO]." [GO:0061144] comment: TODO - check UBERON:0004893 interalveolar septum is_a: UBERON:0004821 ! pulmonary alveolus epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000116 ! lung saccule [Term] id: UBERON:0005316 name: endocardial endothelium def: "The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers[GO]." [GO:0061147] synonym: "endocardium endothelium" EXACT [FMA:83596] synonym: "endothelium of endocardium" EXACT [FMA:83596] xref: FMA:83596 is_a: UBERON:0004638 ! blood vessel endothelium is_a: UBERON:0008307 ! heart endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002165 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002165 {source="FMA"} ! endocardium [Term] id: UBERON:0005317 name: pulmonary artery endothelium def: "An pulmonary artery endothelium is an epithelium that lines the pulmonary artery[GO]." [GO:0061155] synonym: "pulmonary artery endothelial tube" EXACT [GO:0061155] xref: BTO:0000137 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001917 ! endothelium of artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002012 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002012 ! pulmonary artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002012 ! pulmonary artery [Term] id: UBERON:0005319 name: mesonephric collecting duct def: "The collecting duct is the final common path through which urine flows before entering the ureter and then emptying into the bladder[GO]." [GO:0061211] xref: AAO:0010390 xref: XAO:0000151 is_a: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005320 name: mesonephric juxtaglomerular apparatus def: "The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate[GO]." [GO:0061212] is_a: UBERON:0002303 ! juxtaglomerular apparatus is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0002303 ! juxtaglomerular apparatus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005321 name: mesonephric smooth muscle tissue def: "." [GO:0061214] is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0005322 name: mesonephric nephron def: "A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney[GO]." [GO:0061215] comment: TODO synonym: "stage IV nephron" RELATED [ZFA:0005592] xref: AAO:0010387 xref: XAO:0000292 xref: ZFA:0005592 is_a: UBERON:0001285 ! nephron is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0001285 ! nephron intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005323 {source="XAO"} ! mesonephric mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros property_value: external_definition "The structure that is the basic functional unit of the kidney.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010387", ontology="AAO", source="PMID:9268568"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005323 name: mesonephric mesenchyme def: "Mesonephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061219] xref: AAO:0011062 xref: EHDAA2:0001132 xref: EMAPA:27585 xref: EMAPA:27661 xref: XAO:0000291 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005324 name: mesonephric macula densa def: "The mesonephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the mesonephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0061220] is_a: UBERON:0002335 ! macula densa is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0002335 ! macula densa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005325 name: mesonephric glomerulus def: "The mesonephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the mature vertebrate kidney, or mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061224] comment: AN notes: XAO/AAO class belongs here, as it refers to mesonephric structure synonym: "glomerulus" BROAD SENSU [AAO:0010388] xref: AAO:0010388 xref: EMAPA:30568 xref: EMAPA:30580 xref: SCTID:362217000 xref: VHOG:0001238 xref: XAO:0000146 is_a: UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros property_value: external_definition "A tuft of capillaries found in a Bowman's capsule in which waste products are filtered from the blood and urine formation is initiated.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010388", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: homology_notes "In animals in which the mesonephros is the terminal kidney, such as amphibians and fish, the final organ is very complex, containing a large number of nephrons, most of which have an internal glomerulus.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001238", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0127224411 Vize PD, Woolf AS, Bard JBL, The kidney: From normal development to congenital disease (2003) p.3", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005326 name: mesonephric glomerulus vasculature def: "The mesonephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the mesonephric glomerulus[GO]." [GO:0061231] is_a: UBERON:0004190 ! glomerulus vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004190 ! glomerulus vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005327 name: mesonephric glomerular epithelium def: "A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061232] is_a: UBERON:0004188 ! glomerular epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005330 ! mesonephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004188 ! glomerular epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005328 name: mesonephric comma-shaped body def: "The mesonephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the mesonephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061236] is_a: UBERON:0004198 ! comma-shaped body is_a: UBERON:0005330 ! mesonephric nephron epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010534 ! primitive mesonephric nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004198 ! comma-shaped body intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005329 name: mesonephric nephron tubule def: "A mesonephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephric nephron, the functional part of the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061240] synonym: "mesonephric renal tubule" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule is_a: UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0005330 ! mesonephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005330 name: mesonephric nephron epithelium def: "The mesonephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061241] is_a: UBERON:0004211 ! nephron epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005103 ! mesonephric epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004211 ! nephron epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005331 name: mesonephric renal vesicle def: "The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the mesonephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells[GO]." [GO:0061243] synonym: "mesonephric vesicle" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:361407006 xref: ZFA:0005586 is_a: UBERON:0004209 ! renal vesicle is_a: UBERON:0005330 ! mesonephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004209 ! renal vesicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010534 {source="ZFA"} ! primitive mesonephric nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005332 name: mesonephric S-shaped body def: "The mesonephric S-shaped body is the successor of the mesonephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO]." [GO:0061244] is_a: UBERON:0004199 ! S-shaped body is_a: UBERON:0010534 ! primitive mesonephric nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004199 ! S-shaped body intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0005333 name: mammary bud alt_id: UBERON:0004181 def: "Mammary gland buds form by an outpocketing of the mammary placodes and grow to invade the mammary fat, when they form the mammary cord[GO]. produced along the length of the embryonic mammary ridge these buds represent the future locations of the mammary glands. Invagination of ectoderm at each bud leads to the development of epithelial diverticula, later maturing as lactiferous ducts[TFD]." [GO:0060648, http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mammary+bud] synonym: "mammary gland bud" EXACT [GO:0060648] synonym: "milk bud" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0005153 ! epithelial bud is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005311 ! mammary placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 {source="PMID:20484386"} ! external ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0005334 name: oral lamina propria synonym: "lamina propria of oral mucosa" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:26947 is_a: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003343 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003343 ! mucosa of oral region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003343 ! mucosa of oral region [Term] id: UBERON:0005335 name: chorioallantoic membrane def: "The chorioallantoic membrane ( also called the chorioallantois or abbreviated to CAM ) is a vascular membrane found in eggs of some amniotes, such as birds and reptiles. It is formed by the fusion of the mesodermal layers of two developmental structures: the allantois and the chorion. Three different layers compose the chorioallantoic membrane; these are called the chorionic epithelium, the mesenchyme and the allantoic epithelium. Blood capillaries and sinuses are found between epithelial cells of the chorionic layer, allowing close contact (within 0.2 N' shaped notch. The maxillary process forms the lateral wall and floor of the orbit, and in it are ossified the zygomatic bone and the greater part of the maxilla; it meets with the lateral nasal process, from which, however, it is separated for a time by a groove, the naso-optic furrow, that extends from the furrow encircling the eyeball to the olfactory pit. The maxillary processes ultimately fuse with the lateral nasal and globular processes, and form the lateral parts of the upper lip and the posterior boundaries of the nares. It is innervated by the maxillary nerve." [Wikipedia:Maxillary_prominence] synonym: "embryonic maxillary process" EXACT [] synonym: "maxillary process" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001070] synonym: "maxillary process of embryo" EXACT [] synonym: "prominentia maxilaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_prominence] xref: EHDAA2:0001070 xref: EHDAA:5877 xref: EMAPA:17359 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray48.png xref: ncithesaurus:Maxillary_Prominence xref: SCTID:346355001 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0005869 ! maxillary process of inferior nasal concha relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007238 ! 1st arch maxillary component relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0005869 name: maxillary process of inferior nasal concha def: "From the lower border of the inferior nasal concha, a thin lamina, the maxillary process, curves downward and lateralward; it articulates with the maxilla and forms a part of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus." [Wikipedia:Maxillary_process_of_inferior_nasal_concha] synonym: "maxillary process of inferior concha" EXACT [FMA:54741] synonym: "maxillary process of inferior nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54741] synonym: "maxillary process of inferior turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54741] synonym: "maxilloturbinal" RELATED [palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html] synonym: "p. maxillaris conchae nasalis inferioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Maxillary_process_of_inferior_nasal_concha] synonym: "processus maxillaris (concha nasalis inferior)" EXACT [FMA:54741] synonym: "processus maxillaris conchae nasalis inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54741, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:54741 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Gray172.png is_a: UBERON:0000072 ! segment of respiratory tract is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005922 ! inferior nasal concha [Term] id: UBERON:0005870 name: olfactory pit def: "By the upgrowth of the surrounding parts the olfactory areas are converted into pits, the olfactory pits, which indent the fronto-nasal process and divide it into a medial and two lateral nasal processes[WP]. an indentation of the olfactory placode which ends when the pits hollows out to form the nasopharynx[GO]." [GO:0060166, Wikipedia:Olfactory_pit] comment: we represent the relationship as develops from, though in fact the pit is formed as an indentation in the placode synonym: "nasal pit" EXACT [XAO:0000275] xref: AAO:0011068 xref: EFO:0003496 xref: EHDAA2:0001295 xref: EHDAA:4772 xref: EMAPA:16800 xref: SCTID:361485001 xref: XAO:0000275 xref: XAO:0004073 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 {source="XAO:0000275 nasal pit"} ! olfactory placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 {source="EMAPA"} ! olfactory apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0005871 name: palatine process of maxilla def: "The palatine process of the maxilla (palatal process), thick and strong, is horizontal and projects medialward from the nasal surface of the bone. It forms a considerable part of the floor of the nose and the roof of the mouth and is much thicker in front than behind. Its inferior surface is concave, rough and uneven, and forms, with the palatine process of the opposite bone, the anterior three-fourths of the hard palate. It is perforated by numerous foramina for the passage of the nutrient vessels; is channelled at the back part of its lateral border by a groove, sometimes a canal, for the transmission of the descending palatine vessels and the anterior palatine nerve from the spheno-palatine ganglion; and presents little depressions for the lodgement of the palatine glands. When the two maxillae are articulated, a funnel-shaped opening, the incisive foramen, is seen in the middle line, immediately behind the incisor teeth. In this opening the orifices of two lateral canals are visible; they are named the incisive canals or foramina of Stenson; through each of them passes the terminal branch of the descending palatine artery and the nasopalatine nerve. Occasionally two additional canals are present in the middle line; they are termed the foramina of Scarpa, and when present transmit the nasopalatine nerves, the left passing through the anterior, and the right through the posterior canal. On the under surface of the palatine process, a delicate linear suture, well seen in young skulls, may sometimes be noticed extending lateralward and forward on either side from the incisive foramen to the interval between the lateral incisor and the canine tooth. The small part in front of this suture constitutes the premaxilla (os incisivum), which in most vertebrates forms an independent bone; it includes the whole thickness of the alveolus, the corresponding part of the floor of the nose and the anterior nasal spine, and contains the sockets of the incisor teeth. The upper surface of the palatine process is concave from side to side, smooth, and forms the greater part of the floor of the nasal cavity. It presents, close to its medial margin, the upper orifice of the incisive canal. The lateral border of the process is incorporated with the rest of the bone. The medial border is thicker in front than behind, and is raised above into a ridge, the nasal crest, which, with the corresponding ridge of the opposite bone, forms a groove for the reception of the vomer. The front part of this ridge rises to a considerable height, and is named the incisor crest; it is prolonged forward into a sharp process, which forms, together with a similar process of the opposite bone, the anterior nasal spine. The posterior border is serrated for articulation with the horizontal part of the palatine bone." [Wikipedia:Palatine_process_of_maxilla] synonym: "palatal process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Palatine_process_of_maxilla] synonym: "palatine process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Palatine_process_of_maxilla] synonym: "processus palatinus (maxilla)" EXACT [FMA:52896] synonym: "processus palatinus ossis maxillae, processus palatinus maxillae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palatine_process_of_maxilla] xref: FMA:52896 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Gray160.png xref: SCTID:368870009 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla relationship: part_of UBERON:0012074 {source="FMA-abduced"} ! bony part of hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0005872 name: 1st arch pharyngeal cleft def: "A groove that is situated between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arch." [VHOG:OG] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "1st arch branchial groove" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000008] synonym: "1st arch groove ectoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000009] synonym: "1st pharyngeal cleft" RELATED [VHOG:0000969] synonym: "1st pharyngeal groove" EXACT [VHOG:0000969] synonym: "1st pharyngeal groove ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000554] synonym: "branchial groove of 1st arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16119] xref: EHDAA2:0000009 xref: EHDAA:575 xref: EMAPA:16119 xref: VHOG:0000554 xref: VHOG:0000969 is_a: UBERON:0005879 ! pharyngeal cleft relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0004362 intersection_of: UBERON:0005879 ! pharyngeal cleft intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 property_value: external_definition "A groove that is situated between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.70, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000969", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In all jawed vertebrates the first arch forms the jaw, while the second arch forms the hyoid apparatus. These two arches are separated by the first pharyngeal pouch and cleft.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000969", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2010.01.022 Grevellec A, Tucker AS, The pharyngeal pouches and clefts: development, evolution, structure and derivatives. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005873 name: 2nd arch pharyngeal cleft def: "A groove that is situated between the 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch." [VHOG:OG] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "2nd arch branchial groove" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000054] synonym: "2nd arch groove ectoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000057] synonym: "2nd pharyngeal cleft" RELATED [VHOG:0000972] synonym: "2nd pharyngeal groove" EXACT [VHOG:0000972] synonym: "2nd pharyngeal groove ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000568] synonym: "branchial groove of 2nd arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16396] xref: EHDAA2:0000057 xref: EHDAA:613 xref: EMAPA:16396 xref: VHOG:0000568 xref: VHOG:0000972 is_a: UBERON:0005879 ! pharyngeal cleft relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 intersection_of: UBERON:0005879 ! pharyngeal cleft intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3 property_value: external_definition "A groove that is situated between the 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.70, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000972", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005874 name: 3rd arch pharyngeal cleft def: "A groove that is situated between the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arch." [VHOG:OG] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "3rd arch branchial groove" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000071] synonym: "3rd arch groove ectoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000074] synonym: "3rd pharyngeal cleft" RELATED [VHOG:0000973] synonym: "3rd pharyngeal groove" EXACT [VHOG:0000973] synonym: "3rd pharyngeal groove ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000572] synonym: "branchial groove of 3rd arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16581] xref: EHDAA2:0000074 xref: EHDAA:1082 xref: EMAPA:16581 xref: VHOG:0000572 xref: VHOG:0000973 is_a: UBERON:0005879 ! pharyngeal cleft relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 intersection_of: UBERON:0005879 ! pharyngeal cleft intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4 property_value: external_definition "A groove that is situated between the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.70, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000973", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005875 name: 4th arch pharyngeal cleft def: "A groove that is situated between the 4th and 5th pharyngeal arch." [VHOG:OG] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "4th arch branchial groove" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000088] synonym: "4th pharyngeal cleft" RELATED [VHOG:0000968] synonym: "4th pharyngeal groove" EXACT [VHOG:0000968] synonym: "4th pharyngeal groove ectoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000577] synonym: "branchial groove of 4th arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16761] xref: EHDAA:1665 xref: EMAPA:16761 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000088 xref: VHOG:0000577 xref: VHOG:0000968 is_a: UBERON:0005879 ! pharyngeal cleft relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003116 intersection_of: UBERON:0005879 ! pharyngeal cleft intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5 property_value: external_definition "A groove that is situated between the 4th and 5th pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.70, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000968", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005876 name: undifferentiated genital tubercle def: "A genital tubercle is a body of tissue present in the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It forms in the ventral, caudal region of mammalian embryos of both sexes, and eventually develops into a phallus. In the human fetus the genital tubercle develops around week 4 of gestation, and by week 9 becomes recognizably either a clitoris or penis. This should not be confused with the sinus tubercle which is a proliferation of endoderm induced by paramesonephic ducts. Even after the phallus is developed, the term genital tubercle remains, but only as the terminal end of it[2], which develops into either the glans penis or the glans clitoridis. The genital tubercle is sensitive to dihydrotestosterone and rich in 5-alpha-reductase, so that the amount of fetal testosterone present after the second month is a major determinant of phallus size at birth.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Genital_tubercle] comment: Taxon notes: todo - add taxon constraints. AO notes: we assume the EMAPA class is the undifferentiated form based on TS timings synonym: "tuberculum genitale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Genital_tubercle] synonym: "tuberculum phallicum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Genital_tubercle] synonym: "undifferentiated genital tubercle" EXACT [VHOG:0000583] xref: EHDAA2:0000705 xref: EHDAA:5925 xref: EMAPA:17382 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Gray1119.png xref: SCTID:308798005 xref: VHOG:0000583 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004874 ! somatopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0009196 {source="EHDAA2"} ! indifferent external genitalia property_value: external_definition "The eminence in the embryo which develops into the clitoris or penis. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000583", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/genital+tubercle"} property_value: homology_notes "In mammalian embryos, male and female external genitalia develop from the genital tubercle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000583", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1242/dev.036830 Seifert AW, Yamaguchi T, Cohn MJ, Functional and phylogenetic analysis shows that Fgf8 is a marker of genital induction in mammals but is not required for external genital development. Development (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005879 name: pharyngeal cleft def: "the counterpart of a branchial pouch on the ectodermal side. The first pharyngeal groove produces the external auditory meatus.[2] The rest (2, 3, and 4) are overlapped by the growing 2nd pharyngeal arch, and form the floor of the depression termed the cervical sinus, which opens ventrally, and finally obliterated[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_groove] comment: AO notes: some ontologies distringuish between cleft and cleft ectoderm, we merge these here. Editor notes: consider adding location (precursor) - i.e. external (ectodermal). Note we use overlaps as the relationship to the arches synonym: "branchial cleft" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_groove] synonym: "branchial groove" RELATED [AAO:0010623, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_groove] synonym: "gill cleft" NARROW [] synonym: "Kiemenspalten" RELATED [] synonym: "pharyngeal groove" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_groove] synonym: "sulcus pharyngei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_groove] xref: AAO:0010623 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Kiemenbogen.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Groove is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0006846 {source="EHDAA2"} ! groove is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0005880 name: prepollex def: "a rudimentary additional digit on the preaxial side of the thumb of certain amphibians and mammals[dictionary.com]. A prepollex does not contain phalanges nor does it articulate with a metacarpal. It articulates with elements of the carpal (wrist) skeleton[AAO:DB]. Two or more elements located ventral and medial to the metacarpal of digit II(I). The proximal prepollex is small and round whereas distal prepollex 1 is usually large and wedge-shaped. When more elements are present, they are smaller than previous elements." [AAO:0000852, AAO:Fabrezi_and_Alberch_1996, AAO:Maglia_et_al_2007] comment: not homologous to digit 1 of tetrapods. TODO: add articulation relations synonym: "cartilago pre-pollicis" RELATED [AAO:0000852] synonym: "pseudothumb" RELATED [doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1038] xref: AAO:0000852 is_a: UBERON:0005881 ! limb outgrowth property_value: external_definition "Two or more elements located ventral and medial to the metacarpal of digit II(I). The proximal prepollex is small and round whereas distal prepollex 1 is usually large and wedge-shaped. When more elements are present, they are smaller than previous elements.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000852", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005881 name: limb outgrowth comment: encompasses digits and prepollex is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment [Term] id: UBERON:0005882 name: alar plate def: "the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses." [MP:0009692, Wikipedia:Alar_plate] synonym: "alar lamina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Alar_lamina] synonym: "lamina alaris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Alar_lamina] synonym: "lamina dorsolateralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Alar_lamina] synonym: "lamina dorsolateralis; lamina alaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alar_plate] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Gray646.png is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: dorsal_to UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0004061 ! neural tube mantle layer [Term] id: UBERON:0005883 name: neural tube lateral wall mantle layer comment: TODO - expand subtypes post EHDAA2-revision, check lateral wall xref: EHDAA2:0001261 is_a: UBERON:0004061 ! neural tube mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0005496 ! neural tube lateral wall [Term] id: UBERON:0005884 name: hyoid arch skeleton comment: AO notes: it's not clear where AAO:'hyobranchial skeleton' belongs synonym: "hyal@fr" RELATED [TAO:0001276] synonym: "hyocïde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0001276] synonym: "hyoid arch" RELATED INCONSISTENT [TAO:0001276] synonym: "hyoid arch skeleton" EXACT [ZFA:0001276] synonym: "hyoid bars" NARROW [TAO:0001276] synonym: "pharyngeal arch 2 skeleton" EXACT [ZFA:0001276] synonym: "visceral arch 2" RELATED INCONSISTENT [TAO:0001276] xref: AAO:0000665 xref: AAO:0010370 xref: TAO:0001276 xref: XAO:0003177 xref: ZFA:0001276 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0003066 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 {source="ZFA"} ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 {source="ZFA"} ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 {source="cjm"} ! facial skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0005886 name: post-hyoid pharyngeal arch skeleton comment: Editor notes: Consider alternate naming. AO notes: XAO class belongs here, as it clearly refers to arches 3-7 synonym: "branchial arch skeleton" RELATED SENSU [XAO:0003180] synonym: "gill arch 1-5 skeleton" EXACT [TAO:0000095] synonym: "gill arch skeleton" RELATED [XAO:0003180] synonym: "pharyngeal arch 3-7 skeleton" EXACT [ZFA:0000095] synonym: "visceral arch skeleton" RELATED [XAO:0003180] xref: SCTID:346439007 xref: TAO:0000095 xref: XAO:0003180 xref: ZFA:0000095 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0008896 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0008896 ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 {source="ZFA"} ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0008896 {source="ZFA"} ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0008896 ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass anatomical cluster (CARO:0000041) CHANGED TO: part_of anatomical cluster (UBERON:0000477)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000095", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal and cartilaginous elements of the gill arches; the last five of the set of seven pharyngeal arches; the numbering system can be confusing; generally branchial arch #1 is the first gill arch, or the third pharyngeal arch, but some authors do not follow this convention. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000095", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005889 name: zygote cortex comment: Usage notes: candidate for obsoletion synonym: "cortex" BROAD [AAO:0010327, XAO:0000216] xref: AAO:0010327 xref: XAO:0000216 is_a: UBERON:0000470 ! cell part [Term] id: UBERON:0005890 name: gonad germinal epithelium synonym: "coelomic epithelium" RELATED [EMAPA:17384] synonym: "germinal epithelium" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000706] xref: BTO:0004524 xref: EMAPA:17384 xref: EV:0200046 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000706 xref: VHOG:0000629 is_a: UBERON:0004909 ! epithelium of gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000991 ! gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0005891 ! coelomic epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0005891 name: coelomic epithelium def: "The epithelial lining of the surface of the coelom." [Wikipedia:Coelomic_epithelium, XAO:0000329] comment: AO notes: EHDAA2:0004049 used to be called "coelomic epithelium" but is now "gonadal ridge mesothelium" synonym: "celomic epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "germinal epithelium of Waldeyer" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coelomic_epithelium] xref: XAO:0000329 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004871 {source="XAO"} ! somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0004872 {source="XAO"} ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen [Term] id: UBERON:0005892 name: mesonephric early distal tubule def: "The mesonephric equivalent of the ascending limb, or straight distal segment, of metanephric nephrons." [XB:curator] synonym: "mesonephric ascending limb" RELATED [XAO:0000333] synonym: "mesonephric straight distal segment" RELATED [XAO:0000333] xref: AAO:0010391 xref: XAO:0000333 is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron [Term] id: UBERON:0005893 name: leg bone def: "A bone that is part of the region of the hindlimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia. Counter-examples: any pes phalanx" [UBERON:cjm] xref: MA:0000670 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.500 is_a: UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0005894 name: locomotive weight-bearing appendage def: "A leg is a limb on which an animal walks and stands (GO:0035110)." [GO:0035110, Wikipedia:Leg] comment: Functional grouping, currently encompasses vertebrate and insect legs. This class was originally introduced to support GO:0035110, but this has been obsoleted. subset: functional_classification synonym: "leg" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0005895 name: insect leg def: "The walking appendages of each segment of the ventral adult external thorax[FBbt]. A leg derived from an imaginal disc[GO]." [FBbt:00004640, GO:0007480] synonym: "imaginal disc-derived leg" EXACT [GO:0007480] xref: FBbt:00004640 xref: MAT:0000095 xref: MIAA:0000095 xref: TGMA:0000164 is_a: UBERON:0005894 ! locomotive weight-bearing appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0005896 name: jointed/prehensile appendage def: "A jointed or prehensible appendage used for locomotion or manipulation. Examples: human arm, human leg, octopus tentacle, insect limb[Wikipedia]. A limb is an appendage of an animal used for locomotion or grasping. For example a leg, arm or some types of fin[GO]." [GO:0035108, Wikipedia:Limb_(anatomy)] synonym: "extremitaet" RELATED [BTO:0001492] synonym: "extremity" RELATED [] synonym: "limb" RELATED [AEO:0000172, BTO:0001492, GO:0035108] xref: AEO:0000172 xref: BTO:0001492 xref: MESH:A.01.378 xref: ncithesaurus:Extremities is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0005897 name: manus bone def: "A bone that is part of the manus skeleton" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "bone of hand" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of pectoral limb autopod" EXACT [] synonym: "bone of pectoral limb autopodium" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb autopod bone" EXACT [] synonym: "forelimb autopodium bone" EXACT [] synonym: "hand bone" EXACT [MA:0000619] xref: MA:0000619 xref: SCTID:265809008 is_a: UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone is_a: UBERON:0011250 ! autopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0005899 name: pes bone def: "A bone that is part of the pes skeleton" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "bone of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "foot bone" EXACT [MA:0000643] xref: GAID:192 xref: MA:0000643 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.300 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Bone xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv5ridZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361371005 is_a: UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone is_a: UBERON:0011250 ! autopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0005902 name: occipital region def: "Anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the cranium and forms the margin of the foramen magnum and occipital condyles." [TAO:0001414, UBERONREF:0000007] comment: TODO - check synonym: "back of head" RELATED [FMA:49187] synonym: "basicranial region" EXACT [ZFA:0001414] synonym: "occipital part of head" EXACT [FMA:49187] synonym: "occipital region of head" EXACT [FMA:49187] xref: AAO:0010199 xref: FMA:49187 xref: SCTID:362618001 xref: TAO:0001414 xref: XAO:0003173 xref: ZFA:0001414 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium property_value: external_definition "An anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the neurocranium and forms the margin of the foramen margin and occipital condyles.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010199", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the cranium and forms the margin of the foramen magnum and occiptal condyle.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001414", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:MAH"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005903 name: duct of seminal vesicle def: "Each seminal vesicle consists of a single tube, coiled upon itself, and giving off several irregular cecal diverticula; the separate coils, as well as the diverticula, are connected together by fibrous tissue. When uncoiled, the tube is about the diameter of a quill, and varies in length from 10 to 15 cm.; it ends posteriorly in a cul-de-sac; its anterior extremity becomes constricted into a narrow straight duct called the excretory duct of seminal gland (or duct of the seminal vesicle), which joins with the corresponding ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct[WP]." [Wikipedia:Excretory_duct_of_seminal_gland] synonym: "ductus excretorius (vesicula seminalis)" EXACT [FMA:19473] synonym: "ductus excretorius glandulae vesiculosae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19473, FMA:TA] synonym: "ductus excretorius glandulae vesiculosae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Excretory_duct_of_seminal_gland] synonym: "excretory duct of seminal gland" EXACT [FMA:19473] synonym: "seminal vesicle duct" EXACT [FMA:19473] xref: EMAPA:29282 xref: FMA:19473 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray1160.png xref: SCTID:279675008 is_a: UBERON:0005904 ! duct of male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle relationship: channel_for UBERON:0010143 ! seminal vesicle fluid relationship: channels_into UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0005904 name: duct of male reproductive system comment: groups the individual ducts in a variety of species subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0005905 name: insect labrum def: "A mouthpart of insects." [Wikipedia:Insect_mouthparts#Labrum] comment: Editor notes: this term should be ceded to the arthropod anatomy ontology synonym: "insect labium" EXACT [BTO:0004104] synonym: "labium" RELATED [BTO:0004104] synonym: "labrum" RELATED [BTO:0004104] xref: BTO:0004104 xref: FBbt:00004522 xref: HAO:0000456 xref: TADS:0000039 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0005906 name: serous sac def: "Organ with organ cavity, which has as parts a serous membrane and a serous cavity . Examples: pleural sac, pericardial sac, tendon sheath, bursa.[FMA]" [FMA:9689] xref: FMA:9689 xref: SCTID:362890006 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: has_part UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane relationship: has_part UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0005908 name: conjunctival sac def: "Serous sac, which has as parts the conjunctiva and the cavity of conjunctiva. Examples: There are only two conjunctival sacs, the right and the left.[FMA]" [FMA:20291] xref: EMAPA:18233 xref: FMA:20291 xref: SCTID:362531001 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005906 {source="FMA"} ! serous sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 {source="FMA"} ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 {source="MA"} ! anterior segment of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0005910 name: transitional epithelium def: "Multilaminar epithelium, which of consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells, in contact with a basement membrane, that can undergo distention and contraction without losing its integrity and consistency. Examples: urothelium.[FMA]" [FMA:63914, FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Transitional_epithelium] comment: see comments for urothelium synonym: "epithelium transitionale" EXACT [FMA:63914] synonym: "urothelium" NARROW [EMAPA:28089, Wikipedia:Transitional_epithelium] xref: BTO:0003906 xref: FMA:63914 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Harnblase_Urothel.png xref: MESH:A.10.272.850 xref: ncithesaurus:Transitional_Epithelium xref: SCTID:30117005 is_a: UBERON:0000486 ! multilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0005911 name: endo-epithelium def: "Epithelium that derives from the endoderm. Examples: urothelium, transitional epithelium of ureter, epithelium of prostatic gland.[FMA]" [FMA:69065, FMA:FMA] xref: FMA:69065 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0005912 name: transitional epithelium of major calyx synonym: "urothelium of major calyx" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: FMA:263266 is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004788 ! kidney pelvis urothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005007 intersection_of: UBERON:0001254 ! urothelium of ureter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005007 ! mucosa of major calyx relationship: part_of UBERON:0005007 ! mucosa of major calyx [Term] id: UBERON:0005913 name: zone of bone organ synonym: "bone organ zone" EXACT [FMA:10483] xref: FMA:10483 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0005919 name: supreme nasal concha def: "a thin bony plate occasionally found projecting from the inner wall of the ethmoid labyrinth, above the bony superior nasal concha, and the mucous membrane covering the plate." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/supreme+nasal+concha] synonym: "concha nasi suprema" EXACT LATIN [FMA:57457, FMA:TA] synonym: "highest nasal concha" EXACT [FMA:57457] synonym: "supreme nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57457] synonym: "supreme turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57457] xref: FMA:57457 xref: SCTID:361935003 is_a: UBERON:0003973 ! nasal concha of ethmoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0005920 name: superior nasal concha def: "The back part of the medial surface of the labyrinth of ethmoid is subdivided by a narrow oblique fissure, the superior meatus of the nose, bounded above by a thin, curved plate, the superior nasal concha. The bone found in superior nasal concha is part of the ethmoid bone." [Wikipedia:Superior_nasal_concha] synonym: "superior concha" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_nasal_concha] synonym: "superior nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57458] synonym: "superior turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57458] xref: FMA:57458 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray151.png xref: SCTID:361934004 is_a: UBERON:0003973 ! nasal concha of ethmoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0005921 name: middle nasal concha def: "The medial surface of the labyrinth of ethmoid consists of a thin lamella, which descends from the under surface of the cribriform plate, and ends below in a free, convoluted margin, the middle nasal concha. It is rough, and marked above by numerous grooves, directed nearly vertically downward from the cribriform plate; they lodge branches of the olfactory nerves, which are distributed to the mucous membrane covering the superior nasal concha." [Wikipedia:Middle_nasal_concha] synonym: "middle concha" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_nasal_concha] synonym: "middle nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57459] synonym: "middle turbinate" EXACT [FMA:57459] xref: FMA:57459 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Gray151.png xref: SCTID:361933005 is_a: UBERON:0003973 ! nasal concha of ethmoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0005922 name: inferior nasal concha def: "The inferior nasal concha (Inferior Turbinated Bone) is one of the turbinates in the nose. It extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal cavity [Fig. 1] and consists of a of spongy bone, curled upon itself like a scroll. Each inferior nasal concha is considered a facial pair of bones since they arise from the maxillae bones and projects horizontally into the nasal cavity. They are also termed 'inferior nasal turbinates' because they function similar to that of a turbine. As the air passes through the turbinates, the air is churned against these mucosa-lined bones in order to receive warmth, moisture and cleansing. Superior to inferior nasal concha are the middle nasal concha and superior nasal concha which arise from the cranial portion of the skull. Hence, these two are considered as a part of the cranial bones. It has two surfaces, two borders, and two extremities." [Wikipedia:Inferior_nasal_concha] comment: note that in FMA this is not classified with the other turbinates. In Uberon we subdivide the turbinates into the ethmoturbinates and the inferior turbinate. TODO: check ethmoidal process of inferior nasal concha synonym: "concha nasi inferior, concha nasalis inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_nasal_concha] synonym: "inferior concha" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_nasal_concha] synonym: "inferior nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54736] synonym: "inferior turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54736] synonym: "inferior turbinated" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_nasal_concha] xref: FMA:54736 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Gray192.png xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Turbinate xref: SCTID:361932000 is_a: UBERON:0001762 ! nasal concha is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001682 {source="dbpedia"} ! palatine bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002397 {source="dbpedia"} ! maxilla relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006332 {source="ISBN10:1588903958"} ! nasal capsule relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0005925 name: ethmoidal process of inferior nasal concha def: "Behind the lacrimal process of the inferior nasal conchae lies a broad, thin plate, the ethmoidal process, which ascends to join the uncinate process of the ethmoid; from its lower border a thin lamina, the maxillary process, curves downward and lateralward; it articulates with the maxilla and forms a part of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus." [Wikipedia:Ethmoid_boneal_process_of_inferior_nasal_concha] synonym: "ethmoidal process of inferior concha" EXACT [FMA:54742] synonym: "ethmoidal process of inferior nasal turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54742] synonym: "ethmoidal process of inferior turbinate" EXACT [FMA:54742] synonym: "processus ethmoidalis (concha nasalis inferior)" EXACT [FMA:54742] synonym: "processus ethmoidalis conchae nasalis inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:54742, FMA:TA] synonym: "processus ethmoidalis conchae nasalis inferioris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ethmoidal_process_of_inferior_nasal_concha] xref: FMA:54742 is_a: UBERON:0000072 ! segment of respiratory tract is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005922 ! inferior nasal concha [Term] id: UBERON:0005928 name: external naris def: "Surface structure that provides one of the small external openings of the head that give passage to air for breathing." [OMD:nostril, Wikipedia:Nostril] comment: Fish have two pairs of external nostrils. subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior nares" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0000544] synonym: "anterior naris" EXACT [ZFA:0001427] synonym: "blowhole" NARROW [Wikipedia:Blowhole_(anatomy)] synonym: "external nares" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "naris" BROAD [ZFA:0000550] synonym: "nostril" EXACT [FMA:59645, XAO:0003033] xref: AAO:0000024 xref: AAO:0000983 xref: AAO:0010358 xref: EHDAA2:0001275 xref: EHDAA:9085 xref: EMAPA:17848 xref: FMA:59645 xref: MA:0001320 xref: ncithesaurus:Nostril xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvViCLpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:276165005 xref: TAO:0000550 xref: VHOG:0000544 xref: XAO:0003033 xref: ZFA:0000550 is_a: UBERON:0000003 {source="MA"} ! naris is_a: UBERON:0003102 {source="ZFA"} ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass nasal opening (AAO:0000316)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000024", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Hole on the nasal capsule that connects the nasal cavity with the exterior.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000024", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "In a tetrapod, the nasal sac has an external naris (homologous with the anterior naris of the fish) (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000544", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.257 and Figure 7.27", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005931 name: primary choana def: "initial opening of the nasal pits and olfactory sac of the embryo into the rostral part of the primordial oronasal cavity, before the formation of the secondary palate." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/primary-choana.html] comment: TODO - check. MA says part_of external naris. xref: EHDAA:9087 xref: EMAPA:17851 xref: MA:0001322 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0005928 ! external naris [Term] id: UBERON:0005932 name: bulb of hair follicle comment: see https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3213510&group_id=76834&atid=1205376 synonym: "coat hair bulb" NARROW SENSU [MA:0000161] synonym: "hair bulb" EXACT [FMA:70666] synonym: "hair follicle bulb" EXACT [FMA:70666] xref: EMAPA:18770 xref: FMA:70666 xref: MA:0000161 xref: ncithesaurus:Hair_Bulb xref: SCTID:361360009 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002073 ! hair follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0005933 name: hair root sheath comment: AO notes: see https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3213510&group_id=76834&atid=1205376 xref: EMAPA:18772 xref: MA:0000162 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005932 ! bulb of hair follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0005941 name: hair inner root sheath def: "A multilayered tube composed of terminally differentiated hair follicle keratinocytes that is surrounded by the outer root sheath; the layers of the inner root sheath include the companion layer, Henle's layer, Huxley's layer and the inner root sheath cuticle[MP]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3213510&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, MP:0010685] synonym: "hair follicle inner root sheath" EXACT [MP:0010685] synonym: "inner root sheath" RELATED [BTO:0003971] synonym: "inner root sheath of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70935] synonym: "inner sheath of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70935] synonym: "internal root sheath of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70935] xref: BTO:0003971 xref: FMA:70935 xref: MA:0000779 is_a: UBERON:0005933 ! hair root sheath [Term] id: UBERON:0005942 name: hair outer root sheath def: "It surrounds the hair follicle like a sleeve all the way to the bulb. The outer root sheath is essentially a stratified epithelium that is contiguous with the epidermis." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3213510&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Keratin.com:http://www.keratin.com/] synonym: "external root sheath of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70943] synonym: "hair follicle outer root sheath" EXACT [BTO:0003969] synonym: "ORS" RELATED [BTO:0003969] synonym: "outer root sheath" RELATED [BTO:0003969] synonym: "outer root sheath of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70943] xref: BTO:0003969 xref: FMA:70943 xref: MA:0000780 xref: SCTID:319224003 is_a: UBERON:0005933 ! hair root sheath [Term] id: UBERON:0005943 name: hair root sheath matrix xref: MA:0000781 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005933 ! hair root sheath [Term] id: UBERON:0005944 name: axial skeleton plus cranial skeleton def: "Subdivision of skeleton which consists of cranial skeleton, set of all vertebrae, set of all ribs and sternum[FMA, modified]." [FMA:71221, UBERONREF:0000008, VSAO:0000056, Wikipedia:Axial_skeleton] comment: See [UBERONREF:0000008] subset: uberon_slim synonym: "skeleton axiale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axial_skeleton] xref: AAO:0000963 xref: EMAPA:17214 xref: EMAPA:18043 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Axial_skeleton_diagram.svg xref: MA:0000308 xref: ncithesaurus:Axial_Skeleton xref: SCTID:361725000 xref: VSAO:0000056 xref: XAO:0004011 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 ! sclerotome relationship: part_of UBERON:0004288 ! skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0011137 ! axial skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision of the central body axis including the cranium, vertebrae, notochord, ribs, and sternum.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000056", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005945 name: neurocranial trabecula synonym: "neurocranial trabeculae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001321] synonym: "trabecula" BROAD SENSU [ZFA:0001321] synonym: "trabecular cartilage" BROAD [ZFA:0001321] xref: EFO:0003677 xref: TAO:0001321 xref: ZFA:0001321 is_a: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula is_a: UBERON:0003932 {source="ZFA"} ! cartilaginous element of chondrocranium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 {source="ZFA"} ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003112 {source="ZFA"} ! olfactory region [Term] id: UBERON:0005946 name: outflow tract of atrium synonym: "outflow part of atrium" EXACT [FMA:14141] xref: FMA:14141 is_a: UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 intersection_of: UBERON:0004145 ! outflow tract intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005953 name: outflow part of right ventricle def: "Outflow part of ventricle which is continuous with the pulmonary trunk[FNA]. The right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is an infundibular extension of the ventricular cavity which connects to the pulmonary artery[WP]." [FMA:7216] synonym: "conus arteriosus (infundibulum)" EXACT [FMA:7216] synonym: "infundibulum" BROAD [Wikipedia:Conus_arteriosus] synonym: "infundibulum of right ventricle" EXACT [FMA:7216] synonym: "outflow tract of right ventricle" EXACT [FMA:7216] synonym: "pulmonary conus" EXACT [FMA:7216] synonym: "right ventricular outflow tract" EXACT [] synonym: "RVOT" EXACT [] xref: FMA:7216 xref: ncithesaurus:Infundibulum xref: SCTID:244379003 is_a: UBERON:0005337 ! outflow tract of ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 intersection_of: UBERON:0005337 ! outflow tract of ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009889 {source="PMID:17276708"} ! secondary heart field relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005956 name: outflow part of left ventricle def: "Outflow part of ventricle which is continuous with the aorta[FMA]. The left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), which connects to the aorta, is nearly indistinguishable from the rest of the ventricle[WP]." [FMA:9473] synonym: "aortic vestibule" EXACT [FMA:9473] synonym: "left ventricular outflow" EXACT [FMA:9473] synonym: "left ventricular outflow tract" EXACT [HP:0011103] synonym: "LVOT" EXACT [] synonym: "outflow tract of left ventricle" EXACT [FMA:9473] synonym: "vestibulum aortae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9473, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:9473 xref: SCTID:264070001 is_a: UBERON:0005337 ! outflow tract of ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0005337 ! outflow tract of ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005965 name: outflow part of right atrium def: "Outflow part of atrium which consists of wall and cavity of the outflow part of right atrium and the tricuspid valve.[FMA]" [FMA:9550, FMA:FMA] synonym: "main part of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:9550] synonym: "outflow tract of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:9550] xref: FMA:9550 is_a: UBERON:0005946 ! outflow tract of atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 intersection_of: UBERON:0005946 ! outflow tract of atrium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005966 name: outflow part of left atrium synonym: "main part of left atrium" EXACT [FMA:9551] synonym: "outflow tract of left atrium" EXACT [FMA:9551] xref: FMA:9551 is_a: UBERON:0005946 ! outflow tract of atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002079 intersection_of: UBERON:0005946 ! outflow tract of atrium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005967 name: conotruncal ridge def: "One of the pair of spiral mesenchymal swellings in the primordial ventricular outflow tract, that eventually fuse to form the conotruncal septum, dividing the subvalvular outflow tract and contributing to the membranous interventricular septum[MP]" [MP:0010585, PMID:8823298] synonym: "aortico-pulmonary spiral ridges" EXACT [MP:0010585] synonym: "bulbar ridge" EXACT [MP:0010585] synonym: "conotruncal cushion" EXACT [MP:0010585] synonym: "endocardial ridge" EXACT [MP:0010585] synonym: "outflow tract cushion" EXACT [MP:0010585] synonym: "outflow tract endocardial cushion" EXACT [MP:0010585] synonym: "spiral ridge" RELATED [VHOG:0001385] xref: EHDAA:1914 xref: EMAPA:17332 xref: EMAPA:17867 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000194 xref: VHOG:0001385 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0009751 ! cardiac mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0004706 ! bulbus cordis relationship: part_of UBERON:0005337 ! outflow tract of ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0005968 name: infundibulum of hair follicle def: "the portion of the hair follicle from the entrance of the sebaceous gland duct to the surface opening." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3565357&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, UBERON:ps] synonym: "dermal piliary canal" EXACT [FMA:70722] synonym: "hair follicle infundibulum" EXACT [FMA:70722] xref: FMA:70722 xref: MA:0003016 xref: ncithesaurus:Hair_Follicle_Infundibulum xref: SCTID:319522000 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002073 ! hair follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0005969 name: reticulum trabeculare alt_id: UBERON:0004028 def: "a fenestrated endothelial-like tissue situated at the intersection of the cornea and the iris[GO]. The trabecular meshwork is an area of tissue in the eye located around the base of the cornea, near the ciliary body, and is responsible for draining the aqueous humor from the eye via the anterior chamber (the chamber on the front of the eye covered by the cornea). The tissue is spongy and lined by trabeculocytes; it allows fluid to drain into a set of tubes called Schlemm's canal flowing into the blood system[WP]. A porelike structure surrounding the entire circumference of the anterior chamber through which aqueous humor circulates to the canal of Schlemm.[GAID] the pore-like structure surrounding the entire circumference of the anterior chamber through which aqueous humor circulates[MP]." [GO:0002930, MP:0005203, Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] comment: TODO check syns - ligaments synonym: "cribiform ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "Hueck's ligament" RELATED [BTO:0001605] synonym: "iridis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "ligamentum peactin-tum iridis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "ligamentum pectinatum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "ligamentum pectinatum anguli iridocornealis" RELATED [BTO:0001605] synonym: "ligamentum pectinatum iridis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "pectinate ligament" RELATED [BTO:0001605] synonym: "pectinate ligament of iris" RELATED [BTO:0001605] synonym: "reticulum trabeculare sclerae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "scleral trabeculae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "scleral trabecular" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "scleral trabecule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "scribiform ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "trabecular mesh" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] synonym: "trabecular meshwork" RELATED [BTO:0001605, GO:0002930] synonym: "trabecular meshwork of the eye" EXACT [Wikipedia:Trabecular_meshwork] xref: BTO:0001605 xref: EFO:0003077 xref: EV:0100352 xref: GAID:897 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Gray870.png xref: MESH:A.09.371.060.932 xref: ncithesaurus:Trabecular_Meshwork xref: SCTID:280694002 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0006205 ! pectineal ligament relationship: overlaps UBERON:0006206 ! iridocorneal angle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0003956 ! aqueous drainage system relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001766 ! anterior chamber of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0005970 name: brain commissure is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0007702 ! tract of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain property_value: external_definition "any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral and/or cerebellar hemispheres of the brain[MP]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-08", external_class="MP:0002199", ontology="MP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0005971 name: amniotic fold def: "the folded edge of the amnion where it rises over and finally encloses the embryo[TFD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/amniotic+fold] xref: EMAPA:16076 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000305 ! amnion [Term] id: UBERON:0005972 name: tunnel of Corti def: "A triangular, fluid-filled space normally found between the inner and outer rows of supporting pillar cells in the organ of Corti." [MP:0003151] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002227 ! spiral organ of cochlea [Term] id: UBERON:0005973 name: blood-inner ear barrier def: "the function of the group of barriers and transport systems which regulate the transport of various substances from blood to inner ear tissue and maintain the microhomeostasis and functional integrity of the inner ear; the endothelial cells of the inner ear blood capillaries, linked to each other by tight junctions, represent the main component of the blood-inner ear barrier" [MP:0004999] is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0006937 ! inner ear epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear [Term] id: UBERON:0005974 name: posterior cerebellomedullary cistern def: "A space between the cerebellum and the dorsal surface of the medulla[MP]. The cisterna magna (or cerebellomedullary cistern) is one of three principal openings in the subarachnoid space between the arachnoid and pia mater layers of the meninges surrounding the brain. The openings are collectively referred to as cisterns. The cisterna magna is located between the cerebellum and the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata. Cerebrospinal fluid produced in the fourth ventricle drains into the cisterna magna via the lateral apertures and median aperture. The two other principal cisterns are the pontine cistern located between the pons and the medulla, and the interpeduncular cistern located between the cerebral peduncles. Cerebral spinal fluid can also be obtained by puncture of the cisterna magna (cistern puncture)." [MP:0009036, Wikipedia:Cisterna_magna] synonym: "cisterna cerebellomedullaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cisterna_magna] synonym: "cisterna cerebellomedullaris posterior" EXACT [MP:0009033] synonym: "cisterna magna" EXACT [MP:0009033] xref: FMA:83721 xref: GAID:690 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray768.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.566.166.686.351 xref: ncithesaurus:Cisterna_Magna xref: SCTID:280391002 is_a: UBERON:0004049 ! cerebellomedullary cistern [Term] id: UBERON:0005975 name: hair follicle bulge def: "the area located in the bottom of the permanent portion of a resting (telogen) hair follicle where the cells of the external root sheath of the hair follicle are contiguous with the basal layer of the epidermis; this portion of the follicle is involved in the generation of a new hair at the onset of the hair growth cycle (anagen) and contains the hair follicle stem cells" [MP:0009759] synonym: "bulge of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70735] xref: BTO:0004904 xref: FMA:70735 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002073 ! hair follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0005976 name: ansiform lobule crus I def: "." [MP:0010002] comment: TODO - check synonym: "crus II of the ansiform lobule (HVII)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209] synonym: "crus primum lobuli ansiformis cerebelli [h vii a]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72524, FMA:TA] synonym: "first crus of ansiform lobule of cerebellum [h vii a]" EXACT [FMA:72524] synonym: "hemispheric lobule viibi" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209] synonym: "lobulus ansiform crus II" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209] synonym: "lobulus semilunaris inferior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209] synonym: "lobulus semilunaris superior cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72524, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior superior lobule" EXACT [FMA:72524] synonym: "semilunar lobule-2 (superior)" EXACT [FMA:72524] synonym: "superior semilunar lobule" EXACT [FMA:72524] synonym: "superior semilunar lobule " EXACT [FMA:72524] synonym: "superior semilunar lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72524] xref: ABA:ANcr1 xref: FMA:72524 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081209 is_a: UBERON:0005348 ! ansiform lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0005977 name: ansiform lobule crus II def: "." [MP:0010003] comment: TODO - check synonym: "crus I of the ansiform lobule (HVII)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208] synonym: "crus secundum lobuli ansiformis cerebelli [h vii a" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72525, FMA:TA] synonym: "hemispheric lobule viia" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208] synonym: "inferior semilunar lobule" EXACT [FMA:72525] synonym: "inferior semilunar lobule of cerebellum" EXACT [FMA:72525] synonym: "lobulus ansiform crus I" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208] synonym: "lobulus semilunaris inferior cerebelli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72525, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobulus semilunaris superior" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208] synonym: "posterior inferior lobule" EXACT [FMA:72525] synonym: "second crus of ansiform lobule of cerebellum [h vii a]" EXACT [FMA:72525] synonym: "semilunar lobule-2 (inferior)" EXACT [FMA:72525] xref: ABA:ANcr2 xref: FMA:72525 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081208 is_a: UBERON:0005348 ! ansiform lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0005978 name: olfactory bulb outer nerve layer def: "the outermost layer of the olfactory bulb; consists primarily of olfactory afferent axons and ensheathing glia" [MP:0010057] is_a: UBERON:0004001 ! olfactory bulb layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0005979 name: crista terminalis def: "the vertical crest of the interior wall of the right atrium that lies to the right of the sinus of the vena cava and separates this from the remainder of the right atrium" [MP:0010495] synonym: "crista terminalis atrii dextri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:9236, FMA:TA] synonym: "crista terminalis cordis" EXACT [FMA:9236] synonym: "crista terminalis of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:9236] xref: FMA:9236 xref: SCTID:277693004 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005980 name: pectinate muscle def: "the prominent ridges of atrial myocardium located on the inner surface of most of the right atrium and both the right and left auricular regions[MP]." [MP:0010496, Wikipedia:Musculi_pectinati] synonym: "musculi pectinati" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Musculi_pectinati] synonym: "musculi pectinati atrii dextri, musculi pectinati atrii sinistri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Musculi_pectinati] synonym: "musculus pectinatus" EXACT [FMA:12226] xref: FMA:12226 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray498.png xref: SCTID:277718001 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002302 ! myocardium of atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005981 name: vena cava sinus def: "the portion of the cavity of the right atrium of the heart that receives the blood from the vena cavae and is separated from the rest of the atrium by the crista terminalis" [MP:0010497] synonym: "cavity of inflow part of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:13246] synonym: "posterior right atrial cavity" EXACT [FMA:13246] synonym: "sinus venarum cavarum" EXACT [FMA:13246] xref: FMA:13246 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005982 name: Bachmann's bundle def: "the impulse conduction tract that originates in the sinoatrial node and transmits signal to the left atrium" [MP:0010517, Wikipedia:Bachmann's_bundle] synonym: "anterior interatrial band" EXACT [UBERON:gg] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png/350px-ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 {source="MP"} ! conducting system of heart [Term] id: UBERON:0005983 name: heart layer def: "the laminar structure of the heart" [MP:0010545] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0005984 name: subendocardium layer def: "the layer of loose fibrous tissue located between the endocardium and myocardium which contains the nerves and the impulse-conducting system (Purkinje fibers) of the heart" [MP:0010546] is_a: UBERON:0005983 ! heart layer [Term] id: UBERON:0005985 name: coronary vessel def: "any of the arteries or veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation" [MP:0010551] comment: TODO - change relation from part_of xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.269 is_a: UBERON:0000055 ! vessel is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0000055 ! vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0005986 name: left branch of atrioventricular bundle def: "Subdivision of conducting system of heart which enters the septal myocardium of left ventricle and is continuous with the anterior, septal and posterior divisions of the left branch of the atrioventricular bundle[FMA]. the left branch of the atrioventricular bundle that separates at the bundle of His, descends the septal wall of the left ventricle and connects to the terminal Purkinje fiber[MP]." [FMA:9487, MP:0010566] synonym: "crus sinistrum (fasciculi atrioventricularis)" EXACT [FMA:9487] synonym: "left bundle branch" EXACT [MP:0010566] synonym: "left bundle branch of bundle of His" EXACT [HP:0005172] synonym: "left bundle of atrioventricular bundle" EXACT [MP:0010566] synonym: "left crus of atrioventricular bundle" EXACT [MP:0010566] synonym: "left posterior branch" EXACT [MP:0010566] synonym: "left posterior bundle" EXACT [MP:0010566] xref: FMA:9487 xref: galen:LeftBundleBranch xref: SCTID:277690001 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0002353 ! atrioventricular bundle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 {source="FMA"} ! conducting system of heart [Term] id: UBERON:0005987 name: right branch of atrioventricular bundle def: "Subdivision of conducting system of heart which enters the septal myocardium of right ventricle to reach the anterior papillary muscle and then subendocardially to the apex of the heart[FMA]. the right branch of the atrioventricular bundle that separates just below the bundle of His, descends the septal wall of the right ventricle and connects to the terminal Purkinje fibers[MP]." [FMA:9486, MP:0010567] synonym: "crus dextrum (fasciculi atrioventricularis)" EXACT [FMA:9486] synonym: "right bundle" EXACT [FMA:9486, MP:0010567] synonym: "right bundle branch" EXACT [FMA:9486] synonym: "right bundle branch of bundle of His" EXACT [] synonym: "right right crus of atrioventricular bundle" EXACT [MP:0010567] synonym: "right ventricular bundle" EXACT [MP:0010567] xref: FMA:9486 xref: galen:RightBundleBranch xref: SCTID:277689005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0002353 ! atrioventricular bundle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 {source="FMA"} ! conducting system of heart [Term] id: UBERON:0005988 name: atrium myocardial trabecula def: "the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the atria" [MP:0010581] synonym: "atrial trabecula" EXACT [] synonym: "atrium myocardial trabeculae" EXACT PLURAL [MP:0010581] synonym: "trabecula of atrium" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002302 ! myocardium of atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0005989 name: atrioventricular septum def: "the wall of the heart that separates the right atrium and left ventricle; and is located just above the septal cusp of the tricuspid valve" [MP:0010592] synonym: "membranous atrioventricular septum" EXACT [FMA:7136] xref: FMA:7136 xref: SCTID:280151006 is_a: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002078 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002062 {source="PMID:15797462", source="Wikipedia"} ! endocardial cushion [Term] id: UBERON:0005990 name: aortic valve cusp def: "the three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the aortic valve" [MP:0010595] synonym: "aortic semilunar valvule" EXACT [FMA:7251] synonym: "aortic valvular cusp" EXACT [FMA:7251] synonym: "cusp of aortic valve" EXACT [FMA:7251] synonym: "semilunar valvule of aortic valve" EXACT [FMA:7251] xref: FMA:7251 xref: SCTID:362026005 is_a: UBERON:0006009 ! cusp of cardiac valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002137 ! aortic valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005991 name: aortic valve anulus def: "the fibrous ring of the aortic valve that attaches the cusps of aortic valve to the wall of left ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the posterior, right anterior and left anterior cusps" [MP:0010598] synonym: "anulus of aortic valve" EXACT [FMA:9502] synonym: "aortic anulus" EXACT [FMA:9502] synonym: "aortic valvar anulus" EXACT [FMA:9502] synonym: "fibrous ring of aortic valve" EXACT [FMA:9502] xref: FMA:9502 is_a: UBERON:0006008 ! fibrous ring of heart is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002137 ! aortic valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005992 name: pulmonary valve cusp def: "the three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the pulmonary valve" [MP:0010602] synonym: "cusp of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:7248] synonym: "pulmonary semilunar valvule" EXACT [FMA:7248] synonym: "pulmonary valvular cusp" EXACT [FMA:7248] synonym: "semilunar cusp of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:7248] synonym: "semilunar valvule of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:7248] xref: FMA:7248 is_a: UBERON:0006009 ! cusp of cardiac valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002146 ! pulmonary valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005993 name: pulmonary valve anulus def: "the fibrous ring of the pulmonary valve that attaches the cusps of pulmonary valve to the wall of right ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps" [MP:0010606] synonym: "anulus of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:9503] synonym: "fibrous ring of pulmonary valve" EXACT [FMA:9503] synonym: "pulmonary anulus" EXACT [FMA:9503] synonym: "pulmonary valvar anulus" EXACT [FMA:9503] xref: FMA:9503 is_a: UBERON:0006008 ! fibrous ring of heart is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002146 ! pulmonary valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005994 name: chordae tendineae def: "the tendinous strands that connect the papillary muscles on the wall of the ventricles to the leaflets of the atrioventricular valves; the chordae tendineae serve to prevent the AV valves from prolapsing back into the atria" [MP:0010608, Wikipedia:Chordae_tendineae] synonym: "chorda tendinea" EXACT [FMA:12225] synonym: "chordae tendineae cordis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Chordae_tendineae] xref: FMA:12225 xref: GAID:564 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray493.png xref: MESH:A.07.541.510.240 xref: ncithesaurus:Chordae_Tendineae xref: SCTID:279330004 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002133 ! atrioventricular valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005995 name: mitral valve anulus def: "the fibrous ring of the mitral valve that attaches the cusps of mitral valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior and posterior cusps" [MP:0010613] synonym: "anulus of mitral valve" EXACT [FMA:9498] synonym: "fibrous ring of mitral valve" EXACT [FMA:9498] synonym: "mitral anulus" EXACT [FMA:9498] synonym: "mitral valvar anulus" EXACT [FMA:9498] xref: FMA:9498 is_a: UBERON:0006008 ! fibrous ring of heart is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005996 name: mitral valve cusp def: "the two fibrous components and associated flaps of the mitral valve" [MP:0010614] comment: TODO - add generic parent is_a: UBERON:0006009 ! cusp of cardiac valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005997 name: tricuspid valve anulus def: "the fibrous ring of the tricuspid valve that attaches the cusps of tricuspid valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior cusp (infundibular cusp), the posterior cusp (marginal cusp), and the septal cusp (medial cusp)" [MP:0010621] synonym: "anulus of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:9500] synonym: "fibrous ring of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:9500] synonym: "tricuspid anulus" EXACT [FMA:9500] synonym: "tricuspid valvar anulus" EXACT [FMA:9500] xref: FMA:9500 is_a: UBERON:0006008 ! fibrous ring of heart is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002134 ! tricuspid valve [Term] id: UBERON:0005998 name: tricuspid valve cusp def: "the three fibrous triangular components and associated flaps of the tricuspid valve" [MP:0010622] comment: TODO - check synonym: "cuspis septalis valvae atrioventricularis dextrae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:7240, FMA:TA] synonym: "septal cusp of right atrioventricular valve" EXACT [FMA:7240] synonym: "septal cusp of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:7240] synonym: "septal leaflet of tricuspid valve" EXACT [FMA:7240] synonym: "septal tricuspid leaflet" EXACT [FMA:7240] xref: FMA:7240 xref: SCTID:261417002 is_a: UBERON:0005484 ! tricuspid valve leaflet is_a: UBERON:0006009 ! cusp of cardiac valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002134 ! tricuspid valve [Term] id: UBERON:0006001 name: intersomitic artery def: "the small branching sprouts of the dorsal aorta that grow across the medial surface of the somite, turn right angles to grow over that surface and then fuse with other sprouts and form the vertebral arteries adjacent to the neural tube; the intersomitic arteries supply the body wall and persist in the adult as the posterior intercostal, subcostal and the lumbar arteries" [MP:0010662] xref: XAO:0004165 is_a: UBERON:0003513 ! trunk blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0006002 name: vitelline artery def: "the paired arteries that carry blood to the yolk sac / gut tube from the dorsal aorta; the vitelline arteries give rise to the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery in the adult" [MP:0010664, Wikipedia:Vitelline_arteries] xref: EHDAA2:0002208 xref: EMAPA:16207 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Gray31.png is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001040 relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0005805 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0006003 name: skin adnexa def: "the tissue or structures associated with or embedded in the skin such as hair and hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands and claws or nails" [http://code.google.com/p/caro2/issues/detail?id=5, MP:0010678, Wikipedia:Skin_appendage] comment: editor note - add subclasses based on resolution of CARO tracker item. Also check: adnexal gland synonym: "adnexae cutis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Skin_appendage] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system [Term] id: UBERON:0006004 name: hair follicle matrix region def: "the bulb region adjacent to the dermal papilla that contains rapidly proliferating matrix cells that give rise to the various cell lineages of the hair shaft and inner root sheath" [MP:0010686] synonym: "germinal matrix of hair bulb" EXACT [FMA:70772] synonym: "lower part of bulb of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70772] synonym: "lower zone of bulb of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70772] xref: FMA:70772 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005932 ! bulb of hair follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0006005 name: hair follicle isthmus def: "the middle part of the hair follicle that extends from the sebaceous duct to the bulge" [MP:0010694] synonym: "isthmus of hair follicle" EXACT [FMA:70723] xref: FMA:70723 xref: ncithesaurus:Hair_Follicle_Isthmus is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002073 ! hair follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0006006 name: metoptic pilar def: "posterior border of the optic nerve foramen." [MP:0010705] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005745 ! optic canal [Term] id: UBERON:0006007 name: pre-Botzinger complex def: "the group of interneurons within the medulla oblongata's ventral respiratory group that are important for the generation of ventilatory (inspiratory) rhythmogenesis[MP]. The Pre-Bötzinger Complex (preBötC) is a cluster of interneurons in the ventrolateral medulla of the brainstem, which is essential to the generation of respiratory rhythm in mammals[WP]." [MP:0010745, Wikipedia:Pre-botzinger_complex] comment: the MP class implies this is part of both the medulla oblongata and the PSNS, which violates the spatial disjointness constraint. We weaken this to continuous_with here. synonym: "pre-botzinger respiratory control center" RELATED [MA:0002577] synonym: "Pre-Bötzinger Complex" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pre-botzinger_complex] synonym: "preBötC" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pre-botzinger_complex] xref: MA:0002577 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006008 name: fibrous ring of heart def: "The right and left fibrous rings of heart (anulus fibrosus cordis) surround the atrioventricular and arterial orifices, and are stronger upon the left than on the right side of the heart. The right fibrous ring is known as the anulus fibrosus dexter cordis, and the left is known as the anulus fibrosus sinister cordis. The atrioventricular rings serve for the attachment of the muscular fibers of the atria and ventricles, and for the attachment of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves. The left atrioventricular ring is closely connected, by its right margin, with the aortic arterial ring; between these and the right atrioventricular ring is a triangular mass of fibrous tissue, the trigonum fibrosum, which represents the os cordis seen in the heart of some of the larger animals, as the ox and elephant. Lastly, there is the tendinous band, already referred to, the posterior surface of the conus arteriosus. The fibrous rings surrounding the arterial orifices serve for the attachment of the great vessels and semilunar valves, they are known as The aortic annulus. Each ring receives, by its ventricular margin, the attachment of some of the muscular fibers of the ventricles; its opposite margin presents three deep semicircular notches, to which the middle coat of the artery is firmly fixed. The attachment of the artery to its fibrous ring is strengthened by the external coat and serous membrane externally, and by the endocardium internally. From the margins of the semicircular notches the fibrous structure of the ring is continued into the segments of the valves. The middle coat of the artery in this situation is thin, and the vessel is dilated to form the sinuses of the aorta and pulmonary artery." [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart] synonym: "annulus fibrosus cordis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart] synonym: "anulus fibrosus cordis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart] synonym: "anulus fibrosus of heart" EXACT [FMA:9497] synonym: "aortic annulus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart] synonym: "coronary tendon" RELATED [BTO:0003628] synonym: "fibrous ring of heart" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fibrous_rings_of_heart] synonym: "Lower's ring" RELATED [BTO:0003628] xref: BTO:0003628 xref: FMA:9497 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006444 ! annulus fibrosus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0006444 ! annulus fibrosus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0006009 name: cusp of cardiac valve def: "Organ component which has as its parts the cusp proper, lunule and nodule of semilunar valvule[FMA]. The cusps of the heart valves serve to seal the heart valves when closed. There are three cusps for each valve except for the mitral valve, which has only two (hence its alternate name, \"bicuspid valve\"). \"Nodules\" are located at the tip of the valve, to form a tighter seal[WP]." [FMA:7232, Wikipedia:Cusps_of_heart_valves] synonym: "cardiac valve cusp" EXACT [FMA:7232] synonym: "cardiac valvular cusp" EXACT [FMA:7232] synonym: "cardiac valvule" EXACT [FMA:7232] synonym: "cardial valve cusp" EXACT [] synonym: "semilunar valvule" EXACT [FMA:7232] xref: FMA:7232 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Gray495.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cardiac_Valve_Cusp xref: SCTID:30822008 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000946 ! cardial valve [Term] id: UBERON:0006010 name: hyaloid canal def: "Hyaloid canal is a small transparent canal running through the vitreous body from the optical nerve disc to the lens; in foetus it contains a prolongation of the central artery of the retina, the hyaloid artery. Other names: Cloquet's canal, Stilling's canal. The function of the canal is to provide an adjustable reservoir of mobile liquid which may be easily and rapidly displaced backwards in positive accommodation, forwards in negative accommodation[WP]. a passage running from in front of the optic disk to the lens of the eye; in the fetus, it transmits the hyaloid artery[TFD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hyaloid+canal, Wikipedia:Hyaloid_canal] comment: in FMA, this is_a FMA:67388 portion of vitreous humor synonym: "canal of cloquet" EXACT [FMA:58837] synonym: "cloquet's canal" EXACT [FMA:58837] synonym: "stilling's canal" EXACT [FMA:58837] xref: FMA:58837 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Gray869.png xref: SCTID:362506002 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001798 ! vitreous body [Term] id: UBERON:0006011 name: hyaloid vein def: "Vein internal to the eye." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-010205-5] synonym: "hyaloid veins" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005047] xref: TAO:0005047 xref: XAO:0004156 xref: ZFA:0005047 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0005492 ! hyaloid vessel property_value: external_definition "Vein internal to the eye. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005047", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006012 name: interdigital region synonym: "interdigit" RELATED [] synonym: "interdigit region" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004670 is_a: UBERON:0010858 ! inter limb-segment region relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002544 {cardinality="2"} ! digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0006013 name: interdigital region between manual digits synonym: "hand interdigit region" EXACT [MA:0000627] synonym: "hand interdigital region" EXACT [VHOG:0000991] synonym: "interdigital region of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "manual interdigital region" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000627 xref: VHOG:0000991 is_a: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002389 {cardinality="2"} ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0006014 name: interdigital region between pedal digits synonym: "foot interdigit region" EXACT [MA:0000651] synonym: "foot interdigital region" EXACT [VHOG:0000992] synonym: "interdigit region of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "pedal interdigit region" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000651 xref: VHOG:0000992 is_a: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001466 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0006015 name: webbed interdigital region def: "Interdigital webbing is the presence of membranes of skin between the digits. Normally in mammals, webbing is present in the embryo but resorbed later in development, but in various mammal species it occasionally persists in adulthood.[1] In humans, it can be found in those suffering from LEOPARD syndrome and from Aarskog-Scott syndrome. Webbing between the digits of the hindfoot is also present in several mammals that spend part of their time in the water.[3] Webbing accommodates movement in the water[WP]." [Wikipedia:Interdigital_webbing] synonym: "interdigital webbing" EXACT [] synonym: "syndactylous interdigital region" EXACT [] synonym: "web" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0008440 ! webbed autpod [Term] id: UBERON:0006016 name: interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 is_a: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006048 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006049 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006048 ! digit 1 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006048 ! digit 1 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0006019 name: interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 is_a: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006049 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006050 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006049 ! digit 2 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0006022 name: interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 is_a: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006050 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006051 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006050 ! digit 3 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0006025 name: interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 is_a: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006051 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006052 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006052 ! digit 5 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006051 ! digit 4 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006052 ! digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0006026 name: interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2 xref: EHDAA2:0000844 xref: EHDAA:6298 xref: EMAPA:17445 is_a: UBERON:0006013 ! interdigital region between manual digits is_a: UBERON:0006016 ! interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001463 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003622 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0006029 name: interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3 xref: EHDAA2:0000847 xref: EHDAA:6304 xref: EMAPA:17448 is_a: UBERON:0006013 ! interdigital region between manual digits is_a: UBERON:0006019 ! interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003622 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003623 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0006032 name: interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4 xref: EHDAA2:0000850 xref: EHDAA:6310 xref: EMAPA:17451 is_a: UBERON:0006013 ! interdigital region between manual digits is_a: UBERON:0006022 ! interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003623 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003624 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0006035 name: interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5 xref: EHDAA2:0000853 xref: EHDAA:6316 xref: EMAPA:17454 is_a: UBERON:0006013 ! interdigital region between manual digits is_a: UBERON:0006025 ! interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003624 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003625 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0006038 name: interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2 xref: EHDAA2:0000856 xref: EHDAA:6148 xref: EMAPA:17476 is_a: UBERON:0006014 ! interdigital region between pedal digits is_a: UBERON:0006016 ! interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003631 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003632 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0006041 name: interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3 xref: EHDAA2:0000859 xref: EHDAA:6154 xref: EMAPA:17479 is_a: UBERON:0006014 ! interdigital region between pedal digits is_a: UBERON:0006019 ! interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003632 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003633 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0006044 name: interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4 xref: EHDAA2:0000862 xref: EHDAA:6160 xref: EMAPA:17482 is_a: UBERON:0006014 ! interdigital region between pedal digits is_a: UBERON:0006022 ! interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003633 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003634 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0006047 name: interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5 xref: EHDAA2:0000865 xref: EHDAA:6166 xref: EMAPA:17485 is_a: UBERON:0006014 ! interdigital region between pedal digits is_a: UBERON:0006025 ! interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003634 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003635 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0006048 name: digit 1 is_a: UBERON:0002544 ! digit property_value: ray_number "1" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0006049 name: digit 2 is_a: UBERON:0002544 ! digit property_value: ray_number "2" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0006050 name: digit 3 is_a: UBERON:0002544 ! digit property_value: ray_number "3" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0006051 name: digit 4 is_a: UBERON:0002544 ! digit property_value: ray_number "4" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0006052 name: digit 5 is_a: UBERON:0002544 ! digit property_value: ray_number "5" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0006054 name: surface of occiput def: "The occiput is the anatomical term for the posterior (back) portion of the head." [Wikipedia:Occiput] synonym: "occiput" RELATED [FMA:46479] synonym: "occiput cranii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occiput] synonym: "occiput surface" EXACT [FMA:46479] synonym: "regio occipitalis (capitis)" EXACT [FMA:46479] xref: FMA:46479 xref: galen:Occiput xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Double_cowlick.jpg is_a: UBERON:0006056 ! posterior surface of head [Term] id: UBERON:0006056 name: posterior surface of head is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0006057 name: obsolete multi-segment region is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0006058 name: multi-limb segment region def: "A collection of two or more connected limb segments. Examples: arm (comprising stylopod and zeugopod regions)." [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: has_part UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment [Term] id: UBERON:0006059 name: falx cerebri def: "The falx cerebri, also known as the cerebral falx, so named from its sickle-like form, is a strong, arched fold of dura mater which descends vertically in the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres. It is narrow in front, where it is attached to the crista galli of the ethmoid; and broad behind, where it is connected with the upper surface of the tentorium cerebelli. Its upper margin is convex, and attached to the inner surface of the skull in the middle line, as far back as the internal occipital protuberance; it contains the superior sagittal sinus. Its lower margin is free and concave, and contains the inferior sagittal sinus. The falx cerebri is known to calcify with age." [Wikipedia:Falx_cerebri] synonym: "cerebral falx" EXACT [FMA:83967] xref: EMAPA:18551 xref: FMA:83967 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Falxcerebri.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Falx_Cerebri xref: SCTID:279275004 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010090 {evidence="definitional"} ! future falx cerebri relationship: part_of UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater [Term] id: UBERON:0006060 name: conotruncus def: "The distal portion of Bulbus cordis that forms an outflow channel and gives rise to the proximal conus cordis." [UBERON:gg] synonym: "bulbus cordis rostral half" EXACT [VHOG:0000437] synonym: "rostral half of bulbus cordis" EXACT [EMAPA:16221] xref: EMAPA:16221 xref: EMAPA:16338 xref: VHOG:0000437 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004706 ! bulbus cordis property_value: homology_notes "The conus arteriosus is considered a component part of the heart because it has a myocardial wall and lies within the pericardial cavity. It is a feature of the evolutionary primitive state. In amphibians it is called the bulbus cordis, a term that is also used for its equivalent in mammalian embryos. The more derived extant bony fish, like the zebrafish, do not have this cardiac compartment. They have a so-called bulbus arteriosus, which is not enclosed by cardiac muscle, but by elastic tissue and smooth muscle, and therefore is considered to be a specialization of the proximal part of the ventral aorta (256). However, similar to the mammalian condition (306, 326, 339), the bulbus arteriosus in zebrafish embryonic hearts is surrounded by myocardium that disappears with development (134, 135). The bony fish bulbus arteriosus might thus be homologous to the shark conus arteriosus and amphibian/mammalian bulbus cordis.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000437", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1152/physrev.00006.2003 Moorman AFM and Christoffels VM, Cardiac Chamber Formation: Development, Genes, and Evolution. Physiol Rev (2003)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006061 name: process of vertebra def: "A process projection from a part of the vertebra such as centrum or arches. Examples: transverse process, diapophyses, parapophyses, and zygapophyses (both the cranial zygapophyses and the caudal zygapophyses)." [Wikipedia:Vertebral_column#Structure_of_individual_vertebrae] synonym: "vertebra process" EXACT [] synonym: "vertebral process" EXACT [FMA:24530] xref: FMA:24530 is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0006062 name: articular process of vertebra def: "Paired processes at the cephalic and caudal ends of the neural arch. They function as interlocking structures between adjacent vertebrae, and limit dorsoventral flexion and lateral movement of the column in the trunk region[AAO]. The articular processes or zygapophyses of a vertebra, in human anatomy contain two superior and two inferior, spring from the junctions of the pedicles and laminae. These stick out of an end of a vertebra to lock with a zygapophysis on the next vertebra, to make the backbone more stable. The superior processes project upward from a lower vertebra, and their articular surfaces are directed more or less backward. The inferior processes project downward from a higher vertebra, and their articular surfaces are directed more or less forward and outward. The articular surfaces are coated with hyaline cartilage." [AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008, Wikipedia:Articular_processes] comment: todo - class as endochondral bone, check species subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "articular process" BROAD [Wikipedia:Articular_processes] synonym: "intercalarium articulating process" RELATED [TAO:0001549] synonym: "p. articularis inferior vertebrae, p. articularis superior vertebrae," RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Articular_processes] synonym: "processus articularis (zygapophysis)" EXACT [FMA:11952] synonym: "zygapophysis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Articular_processes] xref: AAO:0000710 xref: FMA:11952 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Processusarticularissuperiorvertebrae.png xref: SCTID:317570004 xref: TAO:0001549 xref: ZFA:0001603 is_a: UBERON:0006061 ! process of vertebra property_value: external_definition "Paired processes at the cephalic and caudal ends of the neural arch. They function as interlocking structures between adjacent vertebrae, and limit dorsoventral flexion and lateral movement of the column in the trunk region.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000710", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_and_Maglia_2008"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006063 name: cartilaginous neural arch def: "One of the cartilaginous structures surrounding the embryonic spinal cord, formed by the dorsal growth of the dorsolateral arcualia; it is the primordium of the vertebral arch." [BTO:0001763] xref: BTO:0001763 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010358 ! arch of centrum of vertebra relationship: has_part UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006065 name: hemal arch def: "Bony canal attached to the ventral surface or the vertebral centrum that encloses and protects the caudal artery and vein ventrally. The arch consists of right and left halves, which are fused ventrally to give a V- or Y-shape to the ventral aspect of the vertebra[AAO]. Hemal arches extend ventrally from the centra of caudal and transitional vertebrae to enclose the caudal artery and vein. In cyprinids, the hemal arch forms directly in membrane bone[ZFA]." [AAO:0000726, Wikipedia:Haemal_arch, ZFIN:curator] comment: Taxon notes: fish, most reptiles, some birds, and some mammals with long tails.[WP] synonym: "haemal arch" EXACT [AAO:0000726, ZFA:0000519] synonym: "ventral arch" RELATED [AAO:0000726] synonym: "ventral arcocentrum" EXACT [ZFA:0000519] xref: AAO:0000726 xref: TAO:0000519 xref: ZFA:0000519 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone is_a: UBERON:0010358 ! arch of centrum of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from basiventral (TAO:0001361)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000519", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Bony canal attached to the ventral surface or the vertebral centrum that encloses and protects the caudal artery and vein ventrally. The arch consists of right and left halves, which are fused ventrally to give a V- or Y-shape to the ventral aspect of the vertebra.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000726", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} property_value: external_definition "Hemal arches extend ventrally from the centra of caudal and transitional vertebrae to enclose the caudal artery and vein. In cyprinids, the hemal arch forms directly in membrane bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000519", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006067 name: musculature of hindlimb zeugopod synonym: "leg musculature" EXACT [FMA:50211] synonym: "muscle group of leg" EXACT [FMA:50211] synonym: "set of muscles of leg" EXACT [FMA:50211] xref: FMA:50211 is_a: UBERON:0004466 ! musculature of leg relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0006068 name: bone of tail synonym: "tail bone" EXACT [MA:0000696] xref: MA:0000696 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0006070 name: coccygeal vertebra def: "A caudal vertebra that is part of a coccyx." [UBERON:cjm] comment: AO notes: we assume the MA class represents a subtype of caudal vertebra in what corresponds to the coccyx in humans synonym: "caudal vertebra" BROAD SENSU [FMA:12527] synonym: "coccygea" RELATED [MA:0001420] synonym: "coccygeal segment" EXACT [] synonym: "fused tail vertebra" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:12527 xref: galen:CoccygealVertebra xref: MA:0001420 xref: ncithesaurus:Coccygeal_Vertebra xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rv9IEzZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:361774004 is_a: UBERON:0001095 {source="MA"} ! caudal vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001350 intersection_of: UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx [Term] id: UBERON:0006071 name: caudal region comment: We follow XAO is distinguishing the tail region from the tail; the tail bud is part of the tail region; the tail starts after the tail bud synonym: "postsacral region" RELATED [AAO:0000082] synonym: "tail region" RELATED [AAO:0000082] xref: XAO:0000087 is_a: UBERON:0011676 ! axial subdivision of organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0000154 ! posterior region of body [Term] id: UBERON:0006072 name: cervical region of vertebral column def: "That portion of the spine comprising the cervical vertebrae. The neck area of the spine." [Medical_Dictionary:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/] synonym: "cervical skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000238] synonym: "cervical spinal column" EXACT [FMA:24138] synonym: "cervical spine" EXACT [FMA:24138] synonym: "cervical vertebral column" EXACT [FMA:24138] xref: AAO:0000092 xref: BTO:0004148 xref: EHDAA2:0000238 xref: EHDAA:5051 xref: EMAPA:17215 xref: FMA:24138 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Spine xref: SCTID:260488005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0005434 intersection_of: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0005434 ! cervical region property_value: external_definition "Anterior region of the vertebral column consisting of one to 19 or 20 vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000092", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006073 name: thoracic region of vertebral column def: "That part of the spine comprising the thoracic vertebrae." [Medical_Dictionary:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/] synonym: "columna vertebralis thoracicus" EXACT [FMA:9140] synonym: "thoracic skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002013] synonym: "thoracic spine" EXACT [FMA:9140] synonym: "thoracic vertebral column" EXACT [FMA:9140] xref: AAO:0000612 xref: BTO:0004150 xref: EHDAA2:0002013 xref: EHDAA:5063 xref: EMAPA:17396 xref: FMA:9140 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Spine xref: SCTID:243931006 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 {source="FMA"} ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk property_value: external_definition "Region of the vertebral column between the atlas and the sacrum consisting of seven to 285 vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000612", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006074 name: lumbar region of vertebral column def: "Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the lumbar subdivision of the body, containing the lumbar vertebrae." [UBERONREF:0000006] synonym: "lumbar skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001037] synonym: "lumbar spine" EXACT [BTO:0004147] synonym: "lumbar vertebral column" EXACT [FMA:16203] xref: BTO:0004147 xref: EHDAA2:0001037 xref: EHDAA:5055 xref: EMAPA:17393 xref: FMA:16203 xref: GAID:31 xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Spine xref: SCTID:243932004 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0005462 intersection_of: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back [Term] id: UBERON:0006075 name: sacral region of vertebral column def: "Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the sacral subdivision of the body, containing the sacral vertebrae or sacrum." [UBERONREF:0000006] comment: In adult humans, the sacral skeleton is fused and called the sacrum synonym: "sacral skeleton" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001772] synonym: "sacrum" NARROW [] xref: AAO:0000724 xref: EHDAA2:0001772 xref: EHDAA:5059 xref: EMAPA:17676 xref: GAID:32 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0005473 intersection_of: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0005473 ! sacral region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0005473 ! sacral region relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0005473 ! sacral region property_value: external_definition "Region of the vertebral column represented by one or two vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000724", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006076 name: caudal region of vertebral column def: "Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the sacral subdivision of the body, containing the caudal vertebrae." [UBERONREF:0000006] comment: in AAO, this is posterior to the caudal-sacral region synonym: "caudal region" RELATED [AAO:0000082] synonym: "caudal skeleton" EXACT [UBERONREF:0000006] synonym: "postsacral region" RELATED [AAO:0000082] synonym: "tail region" RELATED [AAO:0000082] xref: AAO:0000082 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0006071 intersection_of: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0006071 ! caudal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0006071 ! caudal region relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0006071 ! caudal region property_value: external_definition "Region of the vertebral column posterior to the caudal-sacral region, that may consists of two or three to more than 100 vertebrae. These vertebrae exhibit a gradual reduction in the sizes of their transverse processes and zygapophyses, but these structures are never entirely absent. All caudal vertebrae bear haemal arches.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000082", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006077 name: subdivision of vertebral column def: "A collection of all skeletal elements in some subdivision of the vertebral column." [UBERON:cjm] subset: non_informative synonym: "subdivision of vertebral skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "vertebral column subdivision" EXACT [FMA:16201] synonym: "vertebral region" RELATED [] synonym: "vertebral subdivision" RELATED [] xref: FMA:16201 is_a: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001130 intersection_of: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 {source="FMA"} ! dorsum relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0006078 name: subdivision of spinal cord lateral column subset: non_informative is_a: UBERON:0006080 ! segment of white matter of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005374 ! spinal cord lateral column [Term] id: UBERON:0006079 name: subdivision of spinal cord dorsal column subset: non_informative synonym: "segment of dorsal funiculus of spinal cord" RELATED [FMA:258190] xref: FMA:258190 is_a: UBERON:0006080 ! segment of white matter of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005373 ! spinal cord dorsal column [Term] id: UBERON:0006080 name: segment of white matter of spinal cord xref: FMA:258174 is_a: UBERON:0002318 ! white matter of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006081 name: fundus of gallbladder def: "The fundus of gallbladder is the portion of the gallbladder which lies the farthest from the cystic duct. It is covered with peritoneum. A traditional cholecystectomy is most commonly performed from the infundibulum to the fundus. It's at the same level as the transpyloric plane." [Wikipedia:Fundus_of_gallbladder] synonym: "fundus of the gallbladder" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fundus_of_gallbladder] synonym: "fundus vesicae biliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fundus_of_gallbladder] synonym: "gallbladder fundus" EXACT [FMA:14536] synonym: "gallbladder fundus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Fundus_of_gallbladder] xref: FMA:14536 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Gray1095_parts.png xref: ncithesaurus:Gallbladder_Fundus xref: SCTID:245391004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder [Term] id: UBERON:0006082 name: fundus of urinary bladder def: "The fundus of the urinary bladder is the base of the bladder, formed by the posterior wall. It is lymphatically drained by the external iliac lymph nodes. The peritoneum lies superior to the fundus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Fundus_of_the_urinary_bladder#Fundus] synonym: "base of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15908] synonym: "fundus of bladder" BROAD [FMA:15908] synonym: "fundus vesicae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:15908, FMA:TA] synonym: "urinary bladder fundus" EXACT [FMA:15908] synonym: "urinary bladder fundus region" EXACT [MA:0001694] xref: EHDAA2:0000582 xref: EHDAA:9330 xref: EMAPA:18322 xref: FMA:15908 xref: MA:0001694 xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Fundus xref: SCTID:362226002 xref: VHOG:0001184 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0006083 name: Perirhinal cortex synonym: "perirhinal area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005006] synonym: "perirhinal cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005006] xref: ABA:PERI xref: BM:Tel-Cx-PRh xref: BTO:0004355 xref: EFO:0001978 xref: MA:0000912 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005006 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002022 ! insula [Term] id: UBERON:0006086 name: stria medullaris def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] synonym: "stria habenularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] synonym: "stria medullaris (wenzel - wenzel)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] synonym: "stria medullaris of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62080, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] synonym: "stria medullaris thalami" EXACT PLURAL [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] synonym: "stria medullaris thalamica" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066] xref: BM:Die-SM xref: FMA:62080 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1066 xref: SCTID:362368004 is_a: UBERON:0002757 ! regional part of epithalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0006087 name: internal arcuate fiber bundle synonym: "arcuate fibers medial lemniscus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1091] synonym: "fibrae arcuatae internae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72629, FMA:TA] synonym: "internal arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72629] synonym: "internal arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1091] synonym: "internal arcuate fibres" EXACT [FMA:72629] synonym: "internal arcuate tract" EXACT [FMA:72629] xref: FMA:72629 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1091 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011215 ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006088 name: inferior parietal cortex def: "Component of the parietal lobe. The inferior parietal cortex label includes the inferior parietal gyrus and the angular gyrus and lies inferior to the superior parietal gyrus. The rostral and caudal boundaries were the supramarginal gyrus and the parieto-occipital incisure respectively. The medial and lateral boundaries were the superior parietal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194] synonym: "inferior parietal cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194] synonym: "inferior parietal lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194] synonym: "inferior parietal lobule" EXACT [FMA:77536] xref: EFO:0001951 xref: FMA:77536 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1194 xref: SCTID:362336007 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006089 name: dorsal external arcuate fiber bundle synonym: "dorsal external arcuate fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250] synonym: "dorsal external arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250] synonym: "dorsal external arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72630] synonym: "dorsal external arcuate tract" EXACT [FMA:72630] synonym: "dorsal superficial arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72630] synonym: "dorsal superficial arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250] synonym: "external arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250] xref: FMA:72630 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1250 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011215 ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006090 name: glossopharyngeal nerve fiber bundle synonym: "central part of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274] synonym: "central part of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:72627] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72627] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274] synonym: "glossopharyngeal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72627] synonym: "ninth cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274] synonym: "ninth cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72627] xref: FMA:72627 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1274 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006091 name: inferior horn of the lateral ventricle def: "The part of the lateral ventricle extending downward and anteriorly in the temporal lobe." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292] synonym: "cornu inferius ventriculi lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:83701, FMA:TA] synonym: "inferior horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [FMA:83701] synonym: "inferior horn of the lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292] synonym: "temporal horn of lateral ventricle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292] xref: FMA:83701 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1292 xref: SCTID:362315005 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006092 name: cuneus cortex def: "Component of the occipital lobe. The rostral boundary was the first coronal slice above the calcarine sulcus where the cuneus cortex becomes visible whereas the caudal boundary was the last slice where the calcarine sulcus was visualized. The medial boundary was the most medial portion of the occipital and parietal cortices. The superio-lateral boundary was the parieto-occipital fissure whereas the inferolateral boundary was the pericalcarine cortex (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] synonym: "cuneate lobule" EXACT [FMA:61903] synonym: "cuneate lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] synonym: "cuneus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] synonym: "cuneus cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] synonym: "cuneus gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61903] synonym: "cuneus gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] synonym: "cuneus of hemisphere" EXACT [FMA:61903] synonym: "cuneus of hemisphere" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396] xref: FMA:61903 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1396 xref: SCTID:279199007 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0006093 name: precuneus cortex def: "Component of the pareital lobe. The rostral boundary was the posterior extent of the paracentral lobule whereas the caudal boundary was the lingual gyrus. The medial and lateral boundaries were the parieto-occipital fissure and the superior parietal gyrus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446] synonym: "precuneate lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446] synonym: "precuneate lobule" EXACT [FMA:61900] synonym: "precuneus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446] synonym: "precuneus cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446] synonym: "quadrate lobule" EXACT [FMA:61900] synonym: "quadrate lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446] xref: FMA:61900 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1446 xref: SCTID:279200005 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006094 name: superior parietal cortex def: "Copmonent of the parietal lobe. The rostral and caudal boundaries of the superior parietal cortex were the precentral gyrus and lateral occipital cortex respectively. The medial and lateral boundaries were the precuneus and/or cuneus cortex and the infererior parietal cortex respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450] synonym: "superior parietal cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450] synonym: "superior parietal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61899] synonym: "superior parietal gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450] synonym: "superior parietal lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450] synonym: "superior portion of parietal gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450] synonym: "superior portion of parietal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:61899] xref: FMA:61899 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1450 xref: SCTID:279168006 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 ! parietal lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006095 name: anterior transverse termporal area 41 synonym: "anterior transverse temporal area 41" EXACT [FMA:68638] synonym: "anterior transverse termporal area 41" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582] synonym: "area 41 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68638] synonym: "area 41 of Brodmann" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582] synonym: "brodmann area 41" EXACT [FMA:68638] synonym: "Brodmann's area 41" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582] synonym: "principle auditory receptive areas" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582] xref: FMA:68638 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1582 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006096 name: posterior transverse termporal area 42 synonym: "area 42 of Brodmann" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589] synonym: "area 42 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68639] synonym: "auditory association area" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589] synonym: "brodmann area 42" EXACT [FMA:68639] synonym: "Brodmann's area 42" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589] synonym: "posterior transverse temporal area 42" EXACT [FMA:68639] synonym: "posterior transverse termporal area 42" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589] xref: FMA:68639 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1589 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006097 name: ventral external arcuate fiber bundle synonym: "ventral external arcuate fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1628] synonym: "ventral external arcuate fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1628] synonym: "ventral external arcuate fibers" EXACT [FMA:72631] synonym: "ventral external arcuate tract" EXACT [FMA:72631] xref: FMA:72631 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1628 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0011215 ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006098 name: basal nuclear complex def: "The deep nuclei found in the basal forebrain." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629] synonym: "basal ganglia" RELATED INCONSISTENT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629] synonym: "basal nuclei" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629] synonym: "basal nuclei of the forebrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629] xref: EV:0100182 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1629 is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002743 ! basal forebrain [Term] id: UBERON:0006099 name: Brodmann (1909) area 1 def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "area 1 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68597] synonym: "area 1 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "Area postcentralis intermedia" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "B09-1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "Brodmann area 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "Brodmann's area 1" EXACT [FMA:68597] synonym: "intermediate postcentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732] synonym: "intermediate postcentral area" EXACT [FMA:68597] xref: FMA:68597 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1732 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006100 name: Brodmann (1909) area 3 def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "area 3 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68599] synonym: "area 3 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "Area postcentralis oralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "B09-3" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 3" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "Brodmann area 3" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "Brodmann's area 3" EXACT [FMA:68599] synonym: "rostral postcentral" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734] synonym: "rostral postcentral area" EXACT [FMA:68599] xref: FMA:68599 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1734 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006101 name: Brodmann (1909) area 24 def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "area 24 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68621] synonym: "area 24 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "Area cingularis anterior ventralis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "B09-24" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 24" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "Brodmann area 24" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] synonym: "ventral anterior cingulate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755] xref: FMA:68621 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1755 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006102 name: Brodmann (1909) area 35 synonym: "area 35 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68632] synonym: "area 35 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "Area perirhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "B09-35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "Brodmann Area 35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "Brodmann area 35, perirhinal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "Brodmann's area 35" EXACT [FMA:68632] synonym: "Brodmann.35" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768] synonym: "perirhinal area 35" EXACT [FMA:68632] xref: BTO:0004356 xref: FMA:68632 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1768 xref: SCTID:384790006 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006104 name: Brodmann (1909) area 36 synonym: "area 36 of Brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68633] synonym: "area 36 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "Area ectorhinalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "B09-36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "Brodmann (1909) area 36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "Brodmann area 36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "Brodmann.36" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "ectorhinal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769] synonym: "ectorhinal area 36" EXACT [FMA:68633] xref: BTO:0004357 xref: FMA:68633 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1769 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006105 name: obsolete basis modioli synonym: "basis modioli cochleae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75640, FMA:TA] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0006106 name: cochlear canal synonym: "cochlear canal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2553] synonym: "spiral canal of cochlea" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2553] synonym: "wall of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:75371] xref: FMA:75371 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2553 xref: SCTID:279779009 is_a: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea [Term] id: UBERON:0006107 name: basolateral amygdaloid nuclear complex synonym: "amygdalar basolateral nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "amygdaloid basolateral complex" EXACT [FMA:84016] synonym: "amygdaloid basolateral complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "basolateral amygdaloid nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "Basolateral nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "basolateral nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:84016] synonym: "basolateral nuclear group" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "basolateral nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:84016] synonym: "BL" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "pars basolateralis (Corpus amygdaloideum)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] synonym: "set of basolateral nuclei of amygdala" RELATED [FMA:84016] synonym: "vicarious cortex" EXACT [FMA:84016] synonym: "vicarious cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679] xref: FMA:84016 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2679 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002023 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006108 name: corticomedial nuclear complex synonym: "amygdalar corticomedial nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680] synonym: "CMA" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680] synonym: "corticomedial nuclear complex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680] synonym: "corticomedial nuclear group" EXACT [FMA:84015] synonym: "corticomedial nuclear group" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680] synonym: "corticomedial nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:84015] synonym: "pars corticomedialis (Corpus amygdaloideum)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680] synonym: "set of corticomedial nuclei of amygdala" EXACT [FMA:84015] xref: FMA:84015 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2680 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0006114 name: lateral occipital cortex def: "Component of the occipital lobe. The rostral and caudal boundaries of the lateral occipital cortex were the superior parietal gyrus and as the last visible portion of occipital cortex respectively. The medial and lateral boundaries were the cuneus/pericalcarine cortex and the inferior temporal/inferior parietal gyri respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_735] synonym: "gyrus occipitalis medius (mai)" EXACT [FMA:61902] synonym: "gyrus occipitalis secundus" EXACT [FMA:61902] synonym: "lateral occipital cortex" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_735] synonym: "lateral occipital gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_735] xref: FMA:61902 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_735 xref: SCTID:369218006 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001950 ! neocortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002021 ! occipital lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0006115 name: posterior column of fornix synonym: "crus fornicis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61969, FMA:TA] synonym: "crus of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61969] synonym: "crus of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754] synonym: "posterior column of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754] synonym: "posterior column of fornix of forebrain" EXACT [FMA:61969] synonym: "posterior crus of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754] synonym: "posterior crus of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61969] synonym: "posterior pillar of fornix" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754] synonym: "posterior pillar of fornix" EXACT [FMA:61969] xref: FMA:61969 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_754 xref: SCTID:369116002 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0002780 ! regional part of forebrain is_a: UBERON:0011215 ! cell part cluster of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0006116 name: vagal nerve fiber bundle synonym: "central part of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:72628] synonym: "central part of vagus nerve" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72628] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765] synonym: "vagal nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765] synonym: "vagal nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72628] synonym: "vagal nerve fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765] synonym: "vagal nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72628] xref: FMA:72628 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_765 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011215 ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006117 name: accessory nerve fiber bundle synonym: "accessory nerve fiber bundle" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_916] synonym: "accessory nerve fibers" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_916] synonym: "accessory nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72626] synonym: "accessory nerve tract" EXACT [FMA:72626] synonym: "eleventh cranial nerve fibers" EXACT [FMA:72626] xref: FMA:72626 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_916 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011215 ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0006118 name: lamina I of gray matter of spinal cord synonym: "lamina i of gray matter of spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "Lamina marginalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "lamina marginalis" EXACT [FMA:68862] synonym: "lamina spinalis i" EXACT LATIN [FMA:68862, FMA:TA] synonym: "Layer of Waldeyer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "layer of waldeyer" EXACT [FMA:68862] synonym: "Rexed lamina I" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "rexed lamina i" EXACT [FMA:68862] synonym: "Rexed layer 1" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "Spinal lamina I" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203] synonym: "spinal lamina i" EXACT [FMA:68862] xref: FMA:68862 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_100203 is_a: UBERON:0001948 ! regional part of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006119 name: subbrachial nucleus comment: Candidate definition (refers specifically to mouse): "A group of cells ventral to the nucleus of brachium of inferior colliculus in the mouse (Paxinos-2001)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005003] synonym: "subbrachial nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005003] synonym: "tegmental area of tsai" EXACT [FMA:77494] xref: FMA:77494 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005003 is_a: UBERON:0011214 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0006120 name: superior colliculus superficial gray layer synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris ii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72407, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina II of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer II of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407] synonym: "outer gray layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407] synonym: "stratum griseum superficiale colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72407, FMA:TA] synonym: "stratum griseum superficiale of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "superficial gray layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407] synonym: "superficial grey layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72407] synonym: "superior colliculus superficial gray layer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005034] xref: ABA:SCsg xref: FMA:72407 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005034 is_a: UBERON:0006785 ! gray matter layer of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006779 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006780 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006121 name: hemispheric lobule VIII synonym: "Biventer 1 (HVIII)" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211] synonym: "biventer lobule" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "Biventral Lobule" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211] synonym: "biventral lobule" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "biventral lobule [h viii]" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "cuneiform lobe" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "dorsal parafloccularis [h viii b]" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "dorsal paraflocculus" EXACT [FMA:72526] synonym: "hemispheric lobule viii" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211] synonym: "Lobulus Biventer" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211] synonym: "lobulus biventer [h viii]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72526, FMA:TA] synonym: "lobulus parafloccularis dorsalis [h viii b]" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72526, FMA:TA] synonym: "Paraflocculus Dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211] xref: FMA:72526 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20081211 is_a: UBERON:0004003 ! cerebellum hemisphere lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0006122 name: obsolete retrorubral area comment: Made obsolete as it grouped two unrelated classes synonym: "A8" RELATED [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090301] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0006123 name: horizontal limb of the diagonal band synonym: "Diagonal band horizontal limb" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303] synonym: "hDBB" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303] synonym: "horizontal limb of diagonal band" EXACT [FMA:77611] synonym: "horizontal limb of the diagonal band" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303] synonym: "Horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303] xref: FMA:77611 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090303 is_a: UBERON:0006125 ! subdivision of diagonal band [Term] id: UBERON:0006124 name: vertical limb of the diagonal band synonym: "vertical limb of diagonal band" EXACT [FMA:77612] synonym: "vertical limb of the diagonal band" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090304] synonym: "Vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090304] xref: FMA:77612 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090304 is_a: UBERON:0006125 ! subdivision of diagonal band [Term] id: UBERON:0006125 name: subdivision of diagonal band subset: non_informative synonym: "diagonal band subdivision" EXACT [FMA:77610] synonym: "regional part of diagonal band" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090302] xref: FMA:77610 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090302 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0006127 name: funiculus of spinal cord synonym: "spinal cord funiculus" EXACT [FMA:77460] synonym: "white column of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77460] xref: FMA:77460 is_a: UBERON:0006080 ! segment of white matter of spinal cord is_a: UBERON:0006133 ! funiculus of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0011215 ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006133 name: funiculus of neuraxis def: "The cerebrospinal nerves consist of numerous nerve fibers collected together and enclosed in membranous sheaths. A small bundle of fibers, enclosed in a tubular sheath, is called a funiculus; if the nerve is of small size, it may consist only of a single funiculus; but if large, the funiculi are collected together into larger bundles or fasciculi, which are bound together in a common membranous investment. Examples include: Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord Posterior funiculus of the spinal cord Funiculus solitarius of the medulla Funiculus separans" [Wikipedia:Funiculus_%28neurology%29] xref: FMA:76738 is_a: UBERON:0000122 ! neuron projection bundle [Term] id: UBERON:0006134 name: nerve fiber def: "A threadlike extension of a nerve cell and consists of an axon and myelin sheath (if existence) in the nervous system. There are nerve fibers in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. A nerve fiber may be myelinated and/or unmyelinated. In the central nervous system (CNS), myelin by oligodendroglia cells is formed. Schwann cells form myelin in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Schwann cells also make a thin covering in an axon without myelin (in the PNS). A peripheral nerve fiber contains an axon, myelin sheath, schwann cells and its endoneurium. There are no endoneurium and schwann cells in the central nervous system" [Wikipedia:Nervous_system_fiber] synonym: "nerve fibre" EXACT [FMA:5914] synonym: "neurofibra" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5914, FMA:TA] synonym: "neurofibra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nerve_fiber] synonym: "neurofibrum" EXACT [FMA:5914] xref: FMA:5914 xref: MESH:A.08.663.542 xref: SCTID:88545005 is_a: UBERON:0000470 ! cell part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001019 ! fascicle [Term] id: UBERON:0006135 name: myelinated nerve fiber comment: consider adding link to UBERON:0002316 xref: FMA:5915 xref: GAID:745 xref: MESH:A.08.663.542.512 xref: ncithesaurus:Myelinated_Nerve_Fiber xref: SCTID:362296008 is_a: UBERON:0006134 ! nerve fiber [Term] id: UBERON:0006136 name: unmyelinated nerve fiber synonym: "non-myelinated nerve fiber" EXACT [FMA:5916] xref: FMA:5916 xref: GAID:767 xref: MESH:A.08.663.542.756 xref: ncithesaurus:Unmyelinated_Nerve_Fiber xref: SCTID:46920005 is_a: UBERON:0006134 ! nerve fiber [Term] id: UBERON:0006137 name: proper palmar digital artery def: "The proper palmar digital arteries travel along the sides of the phalanges (along the contiguous sides of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers), each artery lying just below its corresponding digital nerve. Alternative names for these arteries are: proper volar digital arteries, collateral digital arteries, arteriae digitales palmares propriae, or aa. digitales volares propriae. They anastomose freely in the subcutaneous tissue of the finger tips and by smaller branches near the interphalangeal joints. Each also gives off a couple of dorsal branches which anastomose with the dorsal digital arteries, and supply the soft parts on the back of the second and third phalanges, including the matrix of the fingernail. The proper palmar digital artery for the medial side of the little finger arises directly from the ulnar artery deep to the palmaris brevis muscle, but the rest arise from the common palmar digital arteries." [Wikipedia:Proper_palmar_digital_arteries] comment: the MA term, even though plural, represents the singular, as it is an isa child of artery synonym: "arteriae digitales palmares propriae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70804, FMA:TA] synonym: "arteriae digitales palmares propriae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Proper_palmar_digital_arteries] synonym: "proper palmal digital arteries" EXACT [MA:0001959] synonym: "proper palmar digital arteries" EXACT [MA:0001959] synonym: "proper palmar digital arteries set" EXACT [FMA:70804] synonym: "proper volar digital arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Proper_palmar_digital_arteries] synonym: "proper volar digital artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Proper_palmar_digital_arteries] synonym: "set of proper palmar digital arteries" RELATED [FMA:70804] xref: FMA:70804 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray1237.svg xref: MA:0001959 xref: SCTID:91778006 is_a: UBERON:0006141 ! palmar digital artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006138 name: plantar digital artery xref: FMA:43971 xref: SCTID:230727008 is_a: UBERON:0004554 {source="FMA"} ! hindlimb digital artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006139 name: plantar digital vein def: "The plantar digital veins arise from plexuses on the plantar surfaces of the digits, and, after sending intercapitular veins to join the dorsal digital veins, unite to form four metatarsal veins." [Wikipedia:Plantar_digital_veins] synonym: "venae digitales plantares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Plantar_digital_veins] xref: FMA:44517 is_a: UBERON:0004564 ! hindlimb digital vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006140 name: palmar digital vein def: "The palmar digital veins (or volar digital veins) on each finger are connected to the dorsal digital veins by oblique intercapitular veins. Some sources distinguish between the \"proper palmar digital veins\", which are more distal, and the \"common palmar digital veins\", which are more proximal." [Wikipedia:Palmar_digital_veins] synonym: "palmar digital veins" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:70895] synonym: "palmar digital veins set" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:70895] synonym: "set of palmar digital veins" RELATED [FMA:70895] synonym: "venae digitales palmares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70895, FMA:TA] synonym: "venae digitales palmares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palmar_digital_veins] synonym: "volar digital veins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Palmar_digital_veins] xref: FMA:70895 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Gray574.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Gray574.png/200px-Gray574.png xref: SCTID:83229009 is_a: UBERON:0004563 ! forelimb digital vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006141 name: palmar digital artery is_a: UBERON:0004553 ! forelimb digital artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006142 name: common plantar digital vein synonym: "common plantar vein" EXACT [MA:0002134] xref: MA:0002134 is_a: UBERON:0006139 ! plantar digital vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006143 name: proper plantar digital vein synonym: "proper plantar vein" EXACT [MA:0002138] xref: MA:0002138 is_a: UBERON:0006139 ! plantar digital vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006144 name: medial plantar digital vein synonym: "medial plantar vein" EXACT [MA:0002172] xref: MA:0002172 is_a: UBERON:0006139 ! plantar digital vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006145 name: dorsal digital artery of pes def: "The dorsal digital arteries of foot are small arteries which supply the toes." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries_of_foot] synonym: "arteriae digitales dorsales pedis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries_of_foot] synonym: "dorsal digital artery of foot" EXACT [FMA:44660] xref: FMA:44660 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Gray553.png xref: SCTID:230173000 is_a: UBERON:0004554 ! hindlimb digital artery is_a: UBERON:0006163 ! dorsal digital artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0006163 ! dorsal digital artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0006146 name: dorsal digital artery of manus def: "Dorsal digital arteries arise from the bifurcation of dorsal metacarpal arteries. They travel along the sides and dorsal aspects of the phalanges of the middle finger, ring finger, and little finger. They communicate with the proper palmar digital arteries. They run with the dorsal digital nerves of ulnar nerve and dorsal digital nerves of radial nerve." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries] synonym: "arteriae digitales dorsales manus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries] synonym: "dorsal digital artery" BROAD [Wikipedia:Dorsal_digital_arteries] xref: SCTID:91793005 is_a: UBERON:0004553 ! forelimb digital artery is_a: UBERON:0006163 ! dorsal digital artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0006163 ! dorsal digital artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0006163 name: dorsal digital artery synonym: "arteriae digitales dorsales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:70801, FMA:TA] synonym: "dorsal digital arteries" EXACT [FMA:70801] synonym: "dorsal digital arteries set" EXACT [FMA:70801] synonym: "set of dorsal digital arteries" RELATED [FMA:70801] xref: FMA:70801 is_a: UBERON:0004552 ! digital artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006164 name: forelimb common dorsal digital arteries xref: MA:0001954 is_a: UBERON:0006146 ! dorsal digital artery of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0006165 name: median dorsal digital artery for digit 1 synonym: "median dorsal digital artery for digit 01" EXACT [MA:0001955] xref: MA:0001955 is_a: UBERON:0006146 ! dorsal digital artery of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0006166 name: lateral dorsal digital artery for digit 5 synonym: "lateral dorsal digital artery for digit 05" EXACT [MA:0001956] xref: MA:0001956 is_a: UBERON:0006146 ! dorsal digital artery of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0006167 name: forelimb proper dorsal digital arteries xref: MA:0001958 is_a: UBERON:0006146 ! dorsal digital artery of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0006168 name: hindlimb common dorsal digital arteries xref: MA:0001965 is_a: UBERON:0006145 ! dorsal digital artery of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0006169 name: hindlimb proper dorsal digital arteries xref: MA:0001967 is_a: UBERON:0006145 ! dorsal digital artery of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0006170 name: mesonephric capsule def: "The mesonephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the mesonephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue." [GO:0061285, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] is_a: UBERON:0002015 ! kidney capsule is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0002015 ! kidney capsule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006171 name: renal sinus xref: FMA:15611 xref: SCTID:362222000 is_a: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0006172 name: rectal diverticulum def: "The rectal diverticulum is an outgrowth of the cloaca and links the pronephric kidney to the exterior" [GO:0039009] xref: XAO:0001015 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006173 name: pronephric proximal tubule def: "A pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephros" [GO:0039011] synonym: "pronephros proximal tubule" EXACT [GO:0039011] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 intersection_of: UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006174 name: pronephric sinus def: "The pronephric sinus is an ill-defined capillary network that lies between the pronephric tubules" [GO:0039012] comment: todo - check relationship to renal sinus, improve definition xref: AAO:0011092 xref: XAO:0000385 is_a: UBERON:0006171 ! renal sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 intersection_of: UBERON:0006171 ! renal sinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006175 name: pronephric distal tubule def: "A pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephros" [GO:0039013] is_a: UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule is_a: UBERON:0005310 ! pronephric nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 intersection_of: UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006182 name: mesonephric glomerular mesangium def: "The mesonephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the mesonephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus" [GO:0061247] is_a: UBERON:0002320 ! glomerular mesangium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0002320 ! glomerular mesangium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006183 name: mesonephric glomerular capillary def: "." [GO:0061249] is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule is_a: UBERON:0004212 ! glomerular capillary is_a: UBERON:0005327 ! mesonephric glomerular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004212 ! glomerular capillary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006189 name: mesonephric connecting tubule def: "The mesonephric connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the mesonephric nephron; it connects the distal tubule to the collecting duct in the mesonephros" [GO:0061272] is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule is_a: UBERON:0005097 ! connecting tubule is_a: UBERON:0005330 ! mesonephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0005097 ! connecting tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006190 name: mesonephric distal tubule def: "The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the mesonephric connecting tubule" [GO:0061273] comment: note that ZFA has terms for developing tubule is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule is_a: UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule is_a: UBERON:0005330 ! mesonephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006192 name: mesonephric proximal tubule def: "The mesonephric proximal tubule extends from the capsule to the distal tubule" [GO:0061275] comment: note that ZFA has terms for developing tubule is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule is_a: UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule is_a: UBERON:0005330 ! mesonephric nephron epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006194 name: renal sinus of right kidney synonym: "right renal sinus" EXACT [FMA:17621] xref: FMA:17621 is_a: UBERON:0006171 ! renal sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004539 intersection_of: UBERON:0006171 ! renal sinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004539 ! right kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0004539 ! right kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0006195 name: renal sinus of left kidney synonym: "left renal sinus" EXACT [FMA:17622] xref: FMA:17622 is_a: UBERON:0006171 ! renal sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004538 intersection_of: UBERON:0006171 ! renal sinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004538 ! left kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0004538 ! left kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0006196 name: mesonephric sinus comment: todo - check relationship to renal sinus, add definition xref: AAO:0011063 xref: XAO:0000381 is_a: UBERON:0006171 ! renal sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0006171 ! renal sinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0006197 name: auricular vein xref: ncithesaurus:Auricular_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006198 name: dorsal intercostal artery def: "The highest intercostal artery (supreme intercostal artery, superior intercostal artery) is an artery in the human body that usually gives rise to the first and second posterior intercostal arteries, which supply blood to their corresponding intercostal space. It usually arises from the costocervical trunk, which is a branch of the subclavian artery." [Wikipedia:Highest_intercostal_artery] comment: classes unified on basis of spatial anatomy ontology synonyms synonym: "arteria intercostalis suprema" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Highest_intercostal_artery] synonym: "dorsal branch of superior intercostal artery" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?dorsal+branch+of+the+superior+intercostal+artery] synonym: "superior intercostal artery" EXACT [FMA:76998, Wikipedia:Highest_intercostal_artery] synonym: "supreme intercostal artery" EXACT [FMA:76998, Wikipedia:Highest_intercostal_artery] xref: FMA:76998 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray530.png xref: MA:0001943 xref: SCTID:198427009 is_a: UBERON:0005612 ! intercostal artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006199 name: caudal auricular vein def: "The posterior auricular vein begins upon the side of the head, in a plexus which communicates with the tributaries of the occipital vein and superficial temporal veins. It descends behind the auricula, and joins the posterior division of the posterior facial vein to form the external jugular. It receive the stylomastoid vein, and some tributaries from the cranial surface of the auricula." [Wikipedia:Posterior_auricular_vein] comment: classes unified on basis of spatial anatomy ontology synonyms synonym: "posterior auricular vein" EXACT [FMA:50851] synonym: "v. auricularis posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_auricular_vein] xref: FMA:50851 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png xref: MA:0002090 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Auricular_Vein xref: SCTID:150188002 is_a: UBERON:0006197 ! auricular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001101 {source="FMA/obol"} ! external jugular vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006200 name: caudal humeral circumflex vein comment: classes unified on basis of spatial anatomy ontology synonyms synonym: "posterior circumflex humeral vein" EXACT [FMA:71216] synonym: "posterior humeral circumflex vein" EXACT [FMA:71216] synonym: "vena circumflexa humeri posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71216, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:71216 xref: MA:0002091 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0000985 {source="FMA/obol"} ! axillary vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001587 {source="FMA/obol"} ! subclavian vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006201 name: dorsal cerebral vein comment: classes unified on basis of spatial anatomy ontology synonyms synonym: "superior cerebral vein" EXACT [FMA:50978] xref: FMA:50978 xref: MA:0002103 xref: SCTID:244393005 is_a: UBERON:0001663 ! cerebral vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006202 name: ventral labial vein def: "The inferior labial vein is the vein receiving blood from the lower lip." [Wikipedia:Inferior_labial_vein] comment: classes unified on basis of spatial anatomy ontology synonyms synonym: "inferior labial vein" EXACT [FMA:52541] synonym: "venae labiales inferiores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_labial_vein] xref: FMA:52541 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray557.png xref: MA:0002260 xref: SCTID:422955002 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001653 {source="FMA/obol"} ! facial vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006203 name: conchal part of pinna synonym: "concha" BROAD [FMA:61006] synonym: "concha auriculae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:61006, FMA:TA] synonym: "concha of auricle" EXACT [FMA:61006] synonym: "concha of pinna" EXACT [FMA:61006] xref: FMA:61006 xref: ncithesaurus:Concha is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0006204 name: inguinal ligament def: "a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. Its anatomy is very important for operating on hernia patients. It forms the base of the inguinal canal through which an indirect inguinal hernia may develop. The inguinal ligament runs from the anterior superior iliac spine of the ilium to the pubic tubercle of the pubic bone. It is formed by the external abdominal oblique aponeurosis and is continuous with the fascia lata of the thigh." [Wikipedia:Inguinal_ligament] synonym: "fallopian ligament" EXACT DUBIOUS [FMA:19855, Wikipedia:Inguinal_ligament] synonym: "Poupart's ligament" EXACT DUBIOUS [FMA:19855, Wikipedia:Inguinal_ligament] synonym: "Vesalius' ligament" EXACT [FMA:19855] xref: FMA:19855 xref: SCTID:361900000 is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament is_a: UBERON:0003567 ! abdomen connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0005442 ! external oblique [Term] id: UBERON:0006205 name: pectineal ligament comment: we include a disjointness axiom to avoid confusion that may arise from the synonyms 'ligamentum pectineale' and 'ligamentum pectinum' synonym: "cooper's ligament (groin)" EXACT [FMA:20188] synonym: "ligamentum pectineale" EXACT [FMA:20188] xref: FMA:20188 xref: SCTID:256661003 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0006204 ! inguinal ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0006206 name: iridocorneal angle def: "acute angle occurring between the iris and the cornea at the periphery of the anterior chamber of the eye[MP]." [MP:0004221] synonym: "anterior chamber angle" EXACT [FMA:58577] xref: FMA:58577 xref: SCTID:244498000 is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0003956 ! aqueous drainage system [Term] id: UBERON:0006207 name: aortico-pulmonary spiral septum alt_id: UBERON:0005999 def: "the spiral septum that separates the truncus arteriosus into a ventral pulmonary trunk and the dorsal aorta[MP]. The aorticopulmonary septum is developmentally formed from neural crest, specifically the cardiac neural crest, and actively separates the aorta and pulmonary arteries and fuses with the interventricular septum within the heart during development. The actual mechanism of septation of the outflow tract is poorly understood, but is recognized as a dynamic process with contributions from contractile, hemodynamic, and extracellular matrix interactions." [MP:0010650, Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "aortic septum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum] synonym: "aortico-pulmonary septum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum] synonym: "aorticopulmonary septum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum] synonym: "septum aorticopulmonale" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum] synonym: "spiral septum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aorticopulmonary_septum] xref: EHDAA2:0000136 xref: EHDAA:2592 xref: EMAPA:16827 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Gray470.png xref: VHOG:0000502 is_a: UBERON:0004142 ! outflow tract septum is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002333 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005805 intersection_of: UBERON:0002099 ! cardiac septum intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000095 {source="PMID:6844926", source="Wikipedia"} ! cardiac neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0004145 {source="EMAPA"} ! outflow tract [Term] id: UBERON:0006208 name: auditory hillocks subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "auditory tubercles" RELATED [VHOG:0001364] xref: EHDAA2:0000155 xref: EHDAA:4685 xref: EMAPA:17280 xref: VHOG:0001364 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear property_value: homology_notes "Mammals have a third type of tympanic ear. An external flap, the auricle or pinna, helps funnel sound waves down the external acoustic meatus to the tympanic membrane.[inferred][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001364", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.420", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006209 name: basioccipital cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000164 xref: EHDAA:7141 xref: EMAPA:18337 xref: VHOG:0001124 is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009197 {source="EHDAA2"} ! basioccipital pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001692 ! basioccipital bone [Term] id: UBERON:0006210 name: body-wall mesenchyme subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000179 xref: EHDAA:3217 xref: EMAPA:16893 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0006211 name: buccopharyngeal membrane def: "The region where the crescentic masses of the ectoderm and endoderm come into direct contact with each other constitutes a thin membrane, the buccopharyngeal membrane (or oropharyngeal membrane), which forms a septum between the primitive mouth and pharynx. In front of the buccopharyngeal area, where the lateral crescents of mesoderm fuse in the middle line, the pericardium is afterward developed, and this region is therefore designated the pericardial area." [Wikipedia:Buccopharyngeal_membrane] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "oropharyngeal membrane" RELATED [Wikipedia:Buccopharyngeal_membrane] xref: EHDAA2:0000189 xref: EHDAA:536 xref: EMAPA:16259 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Gray977.png xref: SCTID:361412007 xref: VHOG:0000380 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0003037 ! septum relationship: has_part UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: has_part UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0006264 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mouth-foregut junction [Term] id: UBERON:0006212 name: bulbo-ventricular groove subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "bulbo-ventricular sulcus" EXACT [EMAPA:16693] synonym: "bulboventricular groove" EXACT [VHOG:0001405] synonym: "ependymal groove" EXACT [EMAPA:16693] synonym: "ependymal sulcus" EXACT [EMAPA:16693] xref: EHDAA2:0000195 xref: EHDAA:766 xref: EMAPA:16693 xref: VHOG:0001405 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0006213 name: carpus cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000221 xref: EHDAA:8544 xref: EMAPA:18102 xref: VHOG:0001123 is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure is_a: UBERON:0010883 ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001435 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006214 ! carpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0006214 name: carpus pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000222 xref: EHDAA:6324 xref: EMAPA:17724 xref: VHOG:0000955 is_a: UBERON:0009523 ! mesenchyme of handplate is_a: UBERON:0010884 ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001435 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003319 ! mesenchyme of carpal region relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009523 ! mesenchyme of handplate [Term] id: UBERON:0006215 name: rhombic lip def: "The interface between the dorsal neuroepithelium and the roof plate of the fourth ventricle. The source of a number of migratory neuron populations of the hindbrain." [ZFIN:curator] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cerebellum primordium" RELATED [EMAPA:17074] synonym: "dorsal part of alar plate of metencephalon" RELATED [EMAPA:17074] xref: EHDAA2:0000229 xref: EMAPA:17074 xref: TAO:0001440 xref: XAO:0004135 xref: ZFA:0001440 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain property_value: external_definition "The interface between the dorsal neuroepithelium and the roofplate of the fourth ventricle. The source of a number of migratory neuron populations of the hindbrain.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001440", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006216 name: cervical sinus def: "a temporary depression caudal to the second pharyngeal arch, containing the succeeding pharyngeal arches; it is overgrown by the second pharyngeal arch and closes off as the cervical vesicle[TFD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cervical+sinus, Wikipedia:Cervical_sinus] comment: This sinus is bounded in front by the hyoid arch, and behind by the thoracic wall; it is ultimately obliterated by the fusion of its walls. subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "sinus cervicalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cervical_sinus] synonym: "sinus cervicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cervical_sinus] xref: EHDAA2:0000078 xref: EHDAA:5105 xref: EHDAA:6534 xref: EMAPA:17526 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Kiemenbogen.jpg xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000239 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system [Term] id: UBERON:0006217 name: cloacal membrane def: "The cloacal membrane is the membrane that covers the embryonic cloaca when still in the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It is formed by ectoderm and endoderm coming into contact with each other. After separation of the cloaca into the urogenital and anal parts, the cloacal membrane, in turn, is separated into a urogenital membrane and an anal membrane." [Wikipedia:Cloacal_membrane] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "membrana cloacalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cloacal_membrane] xref: EHDAA2:0000257 xref: EHDAA:214 xref: EHDAA:2933 xref: EMAPA:16832 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Gray991.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cloacal_Membrane xref: SCTID:308826008 xref: VHOG:0001198 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004341 {source="Wikipedia"} ! primitive streak relationship: part_of UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca property_value: external_definition "A membrane that separates the proctodeum and the hindgut in the early embryo. [Evolution, Fourth_Edition_(2006)_McGraw-Hill, Function, Vertebrates:_Comparative_Anatomy, p.497, see_Kardong_KV][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001198", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In mammals, the cloaca exists as an embryonic structure that undergoes septation to become distinct urethral, anal, and genital orifices.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001198", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:11830557 De Santa Barbara P, Roberts DJ, Tail gut endoderm and gut/genitourinary/tail development: a new tissue-specific role for Hoxa13. Development (2002)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006218 name: common atrial chamber subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:1267 xref: EMAPA:16225 xref: EMAPA:16342 xref: EMAPA:16689 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000268 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0006219 name: deltoid pre-muscle mass subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000340 xref: EHDAA:6002 xref: EMAPA:17749 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0006220 name: diencephalic part of interventricular foramen subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000384 xref: EHDAA:3476 xref: EMAPA:16643 xref: EMAPA:16901 xref: VHOG:0000808 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006222 name: future diencephalon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "presumptive diencephalon" EXACT [TAO:0000574] xref: EFO:0003442 xref: EHDAA2:0000600 xref: EHDAA:844 xref: EMAPA:16514 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000386 xref: TAO:0000574 xref: ZFA:0000574 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0006223 name: dorsal meso-oesophagus subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "dorsal meso-esophagus" EXACT [MA:0001570] xref: EHDAA:2945 xref: EMAPA:16704 xref: EMAPA:16837 xref: EMAPA:18865 xref: MA:0001570 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000412 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003283 ! mesentery of oesophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0006224 name: elbow joint primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000431 xref: EHDAA:8483 xref: EMAPA:17710 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001490 ! elbow joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0003318 ! mesenchyme of elbow [Term] id: UBERON:0006226 name: endolymphatic appendage subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000437 xref: EMAPA:16994 xref: EMAPA:17283 xref: VHOG:0000373 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure property_value: external_definition "An outgrowth of the otic vesicle that forms the endolymphatic duct and sac during embryonic development. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000373", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/endolymphatic+appendage"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006227 name: ethmoid bone primordium comment: Consider obsoleting, the ethmoid is endochondral subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000456 xref: EHDAA:8363 xref: EMAPA:18023 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 {source="FMA"} ! basicranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 {source="AAO"} ! ethmoid region [Term] id: UBERON:0006228 name: exoccipital pre-cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000457 xref: EHDAA:8355 xref: EMAPA:18014 xref: VHOG:0000963 is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001693 ! exoccipital bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="EHDAA2"} ! chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0006230 name: extrinsic ocular pre-muscle mass subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000483 xref: EHDAA:2925 xref: EMAPA:17845 is_a: UBERON:0003314 ! eye mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005865 ! pre-muscle condensation is_a: UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003314 {source="EHDAA2"} ! eye mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0003269 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeletal muscle of eye [Term] id: UBERON:0006231 name: facial bone primordium comment: Editor notes: check this for developmental relationships subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "facial bones primordia" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000488] synonym: "facial skeleton primordium" RELATED [] synonym: "viscerocranium primordium" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000488 xref: EHDAA:9552 xref: EMAPA:18024 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0007842 {source="EHDAA2"} ! membrane bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 {source="EHDAA2"} ! facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006232 name: facio-acoustic VII-VIII preganglion complex subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "facio-acoustic VII-VIII ganglion complex" RELATED [VHOG:0000715] xref: EHDAA:1477 xref: EMAPA:16660 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000496 xref: VHOG:0000715 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005565 ! facio-acoustic neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001714 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cranial ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0006233 name: female genital tubercle subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:8118 xref: EMAPA:18680 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000500 xref: VHOG:0000666 is_a: UBERON:0011757 ! differentiated genital tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 intersection_of: UBERON:0011757 ! differentiated genital tubercle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0006234 name: femur pre-cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000508 xref: EMAPA:17502 xref: VHOG:0000951 is_a: UBERON:0010886 ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:0006235 name: foregut-midgut junction subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000569 xref: EHDAA:526 xref: EMAPA:16363 xref: VHOG:0000291 is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001045 intersection_of: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001045 ! midgut relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001045 ! midgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000291", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006236 name: frontal bone primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000577 xref: EHDAA:9540 xref: EMAPA:18017 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0006238 name: future brain comment: Usage notes: this covers a variety of structures across Metazoa subset: emapa_ehdaa2 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "brain rudiment" EXACT [TAO:0000146] synonym: "presumptive brain" EXACT [ZFA:0000146] xref: EFO:0003431 xref: EHDAA:300 xref: EHDAA:830 xref: EMAPA:16089 xref: EMAPA:16471 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000591 xref: TAO:0000146 xref: ZFA:0000146 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006239 name: future central tendon subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000593 xref: EHDAA:4118 xref: EMAPA:25035 is_a: UBERON:0000043 ! tendon is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006670 intersection_of: UBERON:0000043 ! tendon intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0006670 ! central tendon relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006670 ! central tendon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006240 name: future forebrain comment: TODO. Add relationships to neural plate (both ZFA and EMAPA time this with the neural plate) subset: emapa_ehdaa2 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "presumptive forebrain" EXACT [ZFA:0000062] synonym: "presumptive prosencephalon" EXACT [TAO:0000062] synonym: "prosencephalon" RELATED [] xref: EFO:0003423 xref: EHDAA2:0000661 xref: EHDAA:2643 xref: EMAPA:16640 xref: TAO:0000062 xref: ZFA:0000062 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001890 ! forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0006238 ! future brain [Term] id: UBERON:0006241 name: future spinal cord subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "presumptive spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000417] synonym: "presumptive spinal cord neural keel" EXACT [TAO:0000417] synonym: "presumptive spinal cord neural plate" EXACT [TAO:0000417] synonym: "presumptive spinal cord neural rod" EXACT [TAO:0000417] xref: EFO:0003438 xref: EHDAA2:0000674 xref: EHDAA:898 xref: EMAPA:16092 xref: EMAPA:16525 xref: EMAPA:16755 xref: TAO:0000417 xref: ZFA:0000417 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001049 {source="EHDAA2"} ! neural tube relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006242 name: gall bladder primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000700 xref: EHDAA:3047 xref: EMAPA:16713 xref: EMAPA:16842 xref: XAO:0004205 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002110 ! gallbladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0002423 ! hepatobiliary system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004912 ! biliary bud [Term] id: UBERON:0006243 name: glossopharyngeal IX preganglion subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:1479 xref: EMAPA:16661 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000713 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0006244 name: hip joint primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000785 xref: EHDAA:8462 xref: EMAPA:17739 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0003320 ! mesenchyme of hip [Term] id: UBERON:0006245 name: humerus cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000787 xref: EHDAA:6240 xref: EMAPA:17713 xref: VHOG:0001120 is_a: UBERON:0005258 ! upper arm mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010883 ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006246 {source="EHDAA2"} ! humerus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 {source="EHDAA2"} ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0005258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! upper arm mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0006246 name: humerus pre-cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000788 xref: EHDAA:4192 xref: EMAPA:17427 xref: VHOG:0000950 is_a: UBERON:0005258 ! upper arm mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010884 ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 {source="EHDAA2"} ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0005258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! upper arm mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0006247 name: iliac pre-cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000809 xref: EHDAA:9568 xref: EMAPA:18029 xref: VHOG:0000964 is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 {source="EHDAA2"} ! body-wall mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0006248 name: incus pre-cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000813 xref: EHDAA:9024 xref: EMAPA:17825 xref: VHOG:0000957 is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010042 {source="EHDAA2-generalized"} ! 1st arch mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0006250 name: infundibular recess of 3rd ventricle def: "The floor of the third ventricle is prolonged downward as a funnel-shaped recess, the infundibular recess, into the infundibulum, and to the apex of the latter the hypophysis or pititary is attached" [Wikipedia:Infundibular_recess] comment: Editor note: in FMA this is a cavity, whereas in EHDAA2 it is an epithelial sac synonym: "infundibular recess" EXACT [FMA:78456] synonym: "infundibular recess of third ventricle" EXACT [FMA:78456] synonym: "recessus infundibularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "recessus infundibuli" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "recessus infundibuli" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Infundibular_recess] xref: EHDAA2:0000827 xref: EHDAA:4479 xref: EMAPA:16648 xref: EMAPA:16899 xref: FMA:78456 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Gray654.png is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007499 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial sac is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003309 {source="EHDAA2"} ! floor plate of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000007 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pituitary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0006251 name: interparietal bone primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000881 xref: EMAPA:18018 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002229 ! interparietal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0006252 name: intersubcardinal venous anastomosis subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000883 xref: EHDAA:3452 xref: EMAPA:16828 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006253 name: intraretinal space subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000889 xref: EHDAA:4761 xref: EMAPA:16676 xref: EMAPA:17170 xref: VHOG:0000534 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina property_value: external_definition "The space separating the outer pigment epithelium and the inner neural retina of the optic cup and of the retina. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000534", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/intraretinal+space"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles. As each optic vesicle grows towards the body surface, its proximal part narrows as the optic stalk, and its distal part invaginates to form a two-layered optic cup. (...) The outer layer of the optic cup becomes the pigment layer of the retina, whereas the inner layer differentiates into the photoreceptive cells and neuronal layers of the retina.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000534", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006254 name: ischial cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000890 xref: EHDAA:9570 xref: EMAPA:26930 is_a: UBERON:0005863 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006255 {source="EHDAA2"} ! ischial pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0006255 name: ischial pre-cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000891 xref: EHDAA:7153 xref: EMAPA:18348 xref: VHOG:0000962 is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0006256 name: knee joint primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000897 xref: EHDAA:8467 xref: EMAPA:17740 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0003321 ! mesenchyme of knee [Term] id: UBERON:0006257 name: laryngo-tracheal groove subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0004073 xref: EMAPA:16739 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000909 xref: SCTID:361426003 xref: VHOG:0001404 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract property_value: homology_notes "Lung development begins with the appearance of the laryngotracheal groove, which is a small diverticulum that arises from the floor of the primitive pharynx at E9 in mouse and 4 wk in human.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001404", ontology="VHOG", source="PMID:15817505 Warburton D, Bellusci S, De Langhe S, Del Moral PM, Fleury V, Mailleux A, Tefft D, Unbekandt M, Wang K, Shi W, Molecular mechanisms of early lung specification and branching morphogenesis. Pediatric Research (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006259 name: lens pit def: "a pitlike depression in the ectoderm of the lens placode where the primordial lens is developing[TFD]." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lens+pit] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000981 xref: EHDAA:3809 xref: EMAPA:16799 xref: ncithesaurus:Lens_Pit xref: VHOG:0000806 is_a: UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye property_value: external_definition "A pitlike depression in the ectoderm of the lens placode where the primordial lens is developing. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000806", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lens+pit"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006260 name: lingual swellings comment: the collection consisting of the two lateral swellings and the medial swelling subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "lingual swelling" RELATED [EHDAA2:0000996] xref: EHDAA2:0000996 xref: EMAPA:17186 xref: VHOG:0000449 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010188 {source="EHDAA2"} ! protuberance is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0010056 {source="EHDAA2"} ! future tongue property_value: external_definition "Primordium of the tongue; the median swelling and the distal and proximal swellings arise from the ventral aspect of the stomodeum. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000449", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/lingual+swellings"} property_value: homology_notes "Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000449", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00073.x Iwasaki S, Evolution of the structure and function of the vertebrate tongue. J Anat (2002)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006261 name: male genital tubercle subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:8138 xref: EMAPA:17969 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001048 xref: VHOG:0000667 is_a: UBERON:0011757 ! differentiated genital tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 intersection_of: UBERON:0011757 ! differentiated genital tubercle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0006262 name: malleus pre-cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001055 xref: EHDAA:9026 xref: EMAPA:17826 xref: VHOG:0000958 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003107 {source="EHDAA2"} ! Meckel's cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0006263 name: Meckel's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation comment: Development notes: NC contributes in EHDAA2. Todo: use EHDAA2 structure subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001074 xref: EMAPA:17358 xref: VHOG:0001121 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006905 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mandibular process mesenchyme relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003107 ! Meckel's cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006264 name: mouth-foregut junction subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:534 xref: EMAPA:16258 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001205 xref: VHOG:0000592 is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000165 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 intersection_of: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000165 ! mouth intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000165 ! mouth relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0006265 name: mural trophectoderm def: "Trophectoderm that surrounds blastocyst cavity." [PMID:16341078] subset: early_development subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "mural trophoblast" RELATED [VHOG:0000597] xref: EHDAA2:0001206 xref: EHDAA:58 xref: EMAPA:16047 xref: VHOG:0000597 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004345 ! trophectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0004345 {source="EMAPA"} ! trophectoderm relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000090 ! blastocele property_value: external_definition "The part of the trophectoderm which surrounds the blastocoelic cavity. [See_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.10][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000597", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) the trophoblast develops rapidly so that contact may be made with the maternal uterine tissues when conditions are appropriate. We have here an excellent example of an embryonic adaptation, the development of a structure never present in either adult or embryo of 'lower' vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000597", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0721676685 Romer AS, Parsons T, Vertebrate body (1977) p.105-106", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006266 name: nasolacrimal groove def: "On the nasal surface of the body of the maxilla, in front of the opening of the sinus is a deep groove, the lacrimal groove (or lacrimal sulcus), which is converted into the nasolacrimal canal, by the lacrimal bone and inferior nasal concha; this canal opens into the inferior meatus of the nose and transmits the nasolacrimal duct." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_groove] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "s. lacrimalis maxillae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_groove] xref: EHDAA2:0001238 xref: EHDAA:4770 xref: EMAPA:16679 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Gray163.png xref: ncithesaurus:Nasolacrimal_Groove xref: VHOG:0001307 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006267 name: notochordal plate def: "The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down. It is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube. The folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord." [VHOG:0001212] comment: TODO - check ordering; awaiting confirmation from JB subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001278 xref: EHDAA:264 xref: EMAPA:16101 xref: ncithesaurus:Notochordal_Plate xref: VHOG:0001212 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006268 {source="EHDAA2"} ! notochordal process relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down. It is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube. The folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord. [Carson_JL, Dehart_DB, Developmental_Dynamics_(1994)_201:_260-278, Gesteland_K_and_Schoenwolf_GC, Inagaki_T, Morphogenesis_of_the_murine_node_and_notochordal_plate, The_prechordal_plate, Vrablic_T, see_Mueller_F_and_O'Rahilly_R, the_rostral_end_of_the_notochord_and_nearby_median_features_in_staged_human_embryos._Cells_Tissues_Organs_(2003)_173:_1-20_and_Sulik_K][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001212", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006268 name: notochordal process def: "a midline cellular cord formed from the migration of mesenchymal cells from the primitive knot" [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/05embryonicperiod.htm] comment: The notochordal process grows cranially until it reaches the prechordal plate, the future site of the mouth. In this area the ectoderm is attached directly to the endoderm without intervening mesoderm. This area is known as the oropharyngeal membrane, and it will break down to become the mouth. At the other end of the primitive streak the ectoderm is also fused directly to the endoderm; this is known as the cloacal membrane (proctodeum), or primordial anus. subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "chordamesoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "presumptive notochord" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0001279 xref: EHDAA:224 xref: EMAPA:16102 xref: ncithesaurus:Notochordal_Process xref: VHOG:0001213 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 {source="EHDAA2"} ! ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0006269 name: optic foramen subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001312 xref: EHDAA:10646 xref: EMAPA:18716 xref: VHOG:0001408 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton property_value: external_definition "An aperture in the root of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone transmitting the optic nerve. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001408", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/optic+foramen"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006270 name: optic pit subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:944 xref: EMAPA:16325 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001316 xref: VHOG:0001162 is_a: UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "A small indentation in the central part of the optic placode. [157-169, Mueller_F_and_ObRahilly_R, The_first_appearance_of_the_neural_tube_and_optic_primordium_in_the_human_embryo_at_stage_10._Anatomy_and_Embryology_(1985)_172][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001162", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) an essentially similar sequence of events occurs during the embryonic development of the vertebrate eye. The eye initially develops as a single median evagination of the diencephalon that soon bifurcates to form the paired optic vesicles (reference 1); The first morphological sign of eye development in vertebrates is the bilateral evagination of diencephalon in the early neurula. In mammals, this is marked by the appearance of the optic pit, whereas in fish and amphibians a bulging of the optic primordia is observed. Continued evagination of the optic primordia leads to the formation of the optic vesicles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001162", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.429, DOI:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.17.1.255 Chow RL and Lang RA, Early eye development in vertebrates. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006271 name: orbital fissure subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001328 xref: EHDAA:10648 xref: EMAPA:18717 xref: SCTID:280546005 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006272 name: oronasal cavity def: "In humans, the oronasal membrane ruptures during the seventh week, producing a single, large oronasal cavity" [http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/martini10/chapter24/custom3/deluxe-content.html] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001331 xref: EHDAA:5882 xref: EMAPA:17200 xref: VHOG:0001352 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0009672 ! oronasal membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening [Term] id: UBERON:0006273 name: otic pit subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001336 xref: EHDAA:929 xref: EMAPA:16536 xref: ncithesaurus:Otic_Pit xref: VHOG:0001147 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "A depression appearing in each otic placode, marking the beginnning of embryonic development of the internal ear. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001147", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Otic+pit"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006274 name: parietal bone primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001404 xref: EHDAA:9544 xref: EMAPA:18019 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006275 name: pericardio-peritoneal canal subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "pericardio-peritoneal channel" RELATED [VHOG:0001498] xref: EHDAA2:0001440 xref: EHDAA:636 xref: EMAPA:16282 xref: ncithesaurus:Pericardioperitoneal_Canal xref: SCTID:361428002 xref: VHOG:0001498 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen property_value: external_definition "Each of the canal that connects the pericardial cavity with the peritoneal cavity and becomes a pleural cavity. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.42, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001498", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006276 name: perioptic mesenchyme subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:4751 xref: EMAPA:17167 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001444 is_a: UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006277 name: pleuropericardial canals subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "pleuropericardial canal" EXACT [VHOG:0001497] synonym: "pleuropericardial channel" RELATED [VHOG:0001497] xref: EHDAA2:0001479 xref: EHDAA:4122 xref: EMAPA:17704 xref: VHOG:0001497 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006278 name: pleuropericardial folds subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "pleuropericardial membranes" RELATED [VHOG:0001499] xref: EHDAA2:0001480 xref: EHDAA:4126 xref: EMAPA:17706 xref: VHOG:0001499 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "Each of the folds that grow out from the lateral part of the body wall. They fuse and meet with the dorsal and ventral mesentery of the foregut, separating the pleural cavities from the pericardial cavity. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.43-46, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001499", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes) Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001499", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.205-206", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006279 name: pleuroperitoneal canal subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "pleuroperitoneal channel" RELATED [VHOG:0001505] xref: EHDAA2:0001481 xref: EHDAA:4128 xref: EMAPA:17707 xref: EMAPA:25031 xref: SCTID:361413002 xref: VHOG:0001505 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: external_definition "Each of the canal that links the peritoneal cavity and the caudal part of a pleural cavity. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.46, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001505", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006280 name: polar trophectoderm def: "Trophectoderm that surrounds the inner cell mass (ICM)." [PMID:16341078] subset: early_development subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "polar trophoblast" RELATED [VHOG:0000980] xref: EHDAA2:0001484 xref: EHDAA:60 xref: EMAPA:16048 xref: VHOG:0000980 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000087 ! inner cell mass relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004345 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trophectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0004345 {source="EMAPA"} ! trophectoderm property_value: external_definition "The part of the trophectoderm overlying the inner cell mass. [See_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.10][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000980", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes " (...) the trophoblast develops rapidly so that contact may be made with the maternal uterine tissues when conditions are appropriate. We have here an excellent example of an embryonic adaptation, the development of a structure never present in either adult or embryo of 'lower' vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000980", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0721676685 Romer AS, Parsons TS, Vertebrate body (1977) p.105-106", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006281 name: pre-hepatic part subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:8701 xref: EMAPA:18422 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001492 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006282 name: primary head vein subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001498 xref: EHDAA:818 xref: EMAPA:16242 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006283 name: primitive ventricle of heart subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "primitive ventricle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001531] xref: EHDAA2:0001531 xref: EMAPA:16233 xref: EMAPA:16350 xref: SCTID:361524003 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0005498 {source="EMAPA"} ! primitive heart tube [Term] id: UBERON:0006284 name: prosencephalic vesicle comment: todo - all vesicles subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "forebrain ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644] synonym: "forebrain vesicle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644] synonym: "prosencephalic ventricle" RELATED [VHOG:0000644] xref: EHDAA2:0001571 xref: EHDAA:1356 xref: EMAPA:16521 xref: VHOG:0000644 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: homology_notes "The early development of most vertebrate brains is similar (...). The zebrafish neural tube follows the same basic differentiation pattern as the mammalian neural tube (reference 1); The brain develops from three embryonic enlargements of the neural tube, which later differentiate into five regions. A forebrain differentiates into telencephalon and diencephalon. The midbrain, or mesencephalon, remains undivided. The hindbrain divides into the metencephalon and myelencephalon. Cavities within the brain enlarge to form a series of interconnected ventricles (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000644", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0878932504 Gilbert SF, Developmental Biology (2006) p.381-382, ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.500", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006285 name: pubic pre-cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001574 xref: EHDAA:9572 xref: EMAPA:18349 xref: EMAPA:26928 xref: VHOG:0000965 is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0006286 name: radius cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0001585 xref: EHDAA:7267 xref: EMAPA:18054 xref: VHOG:0001318 is_a: UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm is_a: UBERON:0010883 ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001423 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme of forearm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006287 name: radius-ulna pre-cartilage condensation comment: AO notes: EMAPA has a separate radius-ulna cartilage condensation. xref: EHDAA2:0001587 xref: EHDAA:4178 xref: EMAPA:17420 xref: VHOG:0000949 is_a: UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm [Term] id: UBERON:0006288 name: rib cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001716 xref: EHDAA:8347 xref: EMAPA:17678 xref: VHOG:0001122 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005863 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006289 {source="EHDAA2"} ! rib pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002228 ! rib relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0006289 name: rib pre-cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001717 xref: EHDAA:6026 xref: EMAPA:17397 xref: VHOG:0000681 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 {source="ZFA", source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! sclerotome relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002228 ! rib relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0006290 name: scapula cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001777 xref: EHDAA:8368 xref: EMAPA:18343 xref: VHOG:0001125 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005863 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006291 {source="EHDAA2"} ! scapula pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0006291 name: scapula pre-cartilage condensation comment: Development notes: the scapula has been shown to develop from multiple tissues, such as the dermomyotome of the somites, the mesodermal portion of the soma- topleure (a domain of the lateral plate mesoderm or LPM) and neural crest cell-derived mesenchyme (Huang et al., 2000; Matsuoka et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2005).[PMID:21455939] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001778 xref: EHDAA:6041 xref: EMAPA:18027 xref: VHOG:0000960 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 {source="EHDAA2"} ! body-wall mesenchyme relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0006292 name: shoulder joint primordium comment: Note that this is part of the forelimb skeleton in EHDAA2, but this violates part-disjointness subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001836 xref: EHDAA:8493 xref: EMAPA:17712 is_a: UBERON:0003322 ! mesenchyme of shoulder is_a: UBERON:0005856 {source="EHDAA2"} ! developing mesenchymal condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003322 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme of shoulder relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001470 ! glenohumeral joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0003322 ! mesenchyme of shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0006293 name: spleen primordium def: "A dense syncitial-like mesenchymal thickening in the dorsal mesogastrium." [ISBN:0123747295] comment: todo - check difference between splenic and spleen in EMAPA synonym: "left spleen primordium" NARROW [XAO:0000326] synonym: "splenic primordium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001904] xref: EHDAA2:0001904 xref: EHDAA:3003 xref: EMAPA:18535 xref: EMAPA:18659 xref: XAO:0000326 is_a: UBERON:0001048 {source="XAO"} ! primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004872 {source="XAO"} ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0005602 {source="EHDAA2-modified"} ! dorsal mesogastrium [Term] id: UBERON:0006294 name: stapes pre-cartilage condensation comment: independent of the mesenchymal condensation that will form the otic capsule subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "stapedial anlage" EXACT [doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00441.x] xref: EHDAA2:0001910 xref: EHDAA:5699 xref: EMAPA:17827 xref: VHOG:0000956 is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest is_a: UBERON:0009506 ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005689 {source="EHDAA2", source="doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00441.x", notes="cranial end"} ! 2nd arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001686 {source="EHDAA2"} ! auditory ossicle [Term] id: UBERON:0006295 name: sternebral bone pre-cartilage condensation subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001912 xref: EHDAA:9565 xref: EMAPA:18345 xref: VHOG:0000961 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 {source="EHDAA2"} ! body-wall mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0006296 name: subcardinal vein subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001932 xref: EHDAA:2631 xref: EMAPA:16829 xref: ncithesaurus:Subcardinal_Vein xref: SCTID:308830006 xref: VHOG:0001336 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006297 name: sublingual gland primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001935 xref: EHDAA:7989 xref: EMAPA:17752 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001832 ! sublingual gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0006298 name: submandibular gland primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001939 xref: EHDAA:9255 xref: EMAPA:17755 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001736 ! submandibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0006300 name: supracardinal vein def: "Either of two veins in the mammalian embryo and various adult lower vertebrate forms located in the thoracic and abdominal regions dorsolateral to and on either side of the descending aorta and giving rise to the azygos and hemiazygos veins and a part of the inferior vena cava[MW]. These veins drain the body wall via the segmental intercostal veins, thus taking over the function of the posterior cardinals[ISBN]" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/supracardinal%20vein, ISBN-10:0443065837] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001964 xref: EHDAA:7492 xref: EMAPA:16830 xref: ncithesaurus:Supracardinal_Vein xref: SCTID:308829001 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006301 name: telencephalic part of interventricular foramen subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001980 xref: EHDAA:5474 xref: EMAPA:16654 xref: EMAPA:16915 xref: VHOG:0000809 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006303 name: tracheal diverticulum subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EMAPA:16740 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002072 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006304 name: trigeminal V preganglion subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:924 xref: EMAPA:16663 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002089 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0006305 name: tunica vasculosa lentis def: "an extensive capillary network, spreading over the posterior and lateral surfaces of the lens of the eye. It disappears shortly after birth." [Wikipedia:Tunica_vasculosa_lentis] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0002097 xref: EHDAA:5705 xref: EMAPA:18235 xref: VHOG:0000978 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010312 ! immature eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0005607 ! hyaloid vascular plexus property_value: external_definition "The tunica vasculosa lentis is an extensive capillary network, spreading over the posterior and lateral surfaces of the lens of the eye. It disappears shortly after birth. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunica_vasculosa_lentis][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000978", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Soon after it forms, the mammalian lens becomes invested with a network of capillaries. (...) The capillary network on the posterior of the lens is the tunica vasculosa lentis (TVL).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000978", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.08.014 Beebe DC, Maintening transparency: A review of the developmental physiology and pathophysiology of two avascular tissues. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology (2008) Fig.1", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006306 name: ulna cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002098 xref: EHDAA:7269 xref: EMAPA:18055 xref: VHOG:0001155 is_a: UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0010883 ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001424 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006307 name: urogenital membrane comment: During the 7th week the urorectal septum divides the cloacal membrane into a urogenital membrane (ventrally) and an anal membrane (dorsally) [http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/ugenital/genitexterne01.html] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0004025 xref: EHDAA:7011 xref: EMAPA:17210 xref: EMAPA:17378 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002141 xref: SCTID:172994001 xref: VHOG:0001187 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006217 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cloacal membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 {source="EHDAA2"} ! excretory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004122 ! genitourinary system property_value: external_definition "Ventral part of the cloacal membrane separating the gut from the fetus external environment. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001187", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/urogenital+membrane"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006308 name: vagal X nerve trunk subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0002160 xref: EHDAA:4659 xref: EMAPA:17272 xref: VHOG:0000736 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002464 ! nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0004293 ! parasympathetic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0006309 name: venous vitelline plexus subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA:1945 xref: EMAPA:17020 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0002172 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006310 name: vitelline venous plexus subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0002210 xref: EHDAA:1945 xref: EMAPA:17020 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 ! systemic venous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004582 ! venous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006311 name: chamber of eyeball def: "Chamber of eyeball[FMA]" [FMA:58071] synonym: "eye chamber" EXACT [MA:0002459] synonym: "eyeball chamber" EXACT [FMA:58071] xref: BTO:0002085 xref: FMA:58071 xref: MA:0002459 xref: ncithesaurus:Chamber_of_the_Eye xref: SCTID:280540004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0006312 name: ocular refractive media xref: MA:0001911 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0006314 name: bodily fluid def: "Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is not." [MESH:A.12.207, Wikipedia:Body_fluid] comment: consider merging with parent class synonym: "body fluid" EXACT [GAID:266] xref: GAID:266 xref: galen:BodyFluid xref: MESH:A.12.207 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_20 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0006318 name: orbitalis muscle def: "An orbitalis muscle is a rudimentary nonstriated muscle (smooth muscle) that crosses from the infraorbital groove and sphenomaxillary fissure and intimately united with the periosteum of the orbit. It is often called Muller's muscle. One characteristic of Horner's Syndrome is enophthalmos (retraction of the eyeball into the orbit due to paralysis of the orbitalis muscle that spans the inferior orbital fissure). Its function is eyeball protrusion." [Wikipedia:Orbitalis_muscle] comment: subclass of 'muscle layer' in FMA synonym: "musculus orbitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:49034, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus orbitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbitalis_muscle] synonym: "orbital muscle" EXACT [FMA:49034] synonym: "orbital muscle of muller" EXACT [FMA:49034] synonym: "orbitalis" EXACT [FMA:49034] synonym: "orbitalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbitalis_muscle] xref: FMA:49034 xref: MA:0001274 xref: ncithesaurus:Orbitalis_Muscle xref: SCTID:368790005 is_a: UBERON:0003660 ! eyelid muscle is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer [Term] id: UBERON:0006319 name: spinal cord reticular nucleus synonym: "spinal reticular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:73909] xref: FMA:73909 xref: MA:0001123 is_a: UBERON:0002315 ! gray matter of spinal cord is_a: UBERON:0011777 ! nucleus of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002256 ! dorsal horn of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006320 name: inferior oblique extraocular muscle def: "thin, narrow muscle placed near the anterior margin of the floor of the orbit." [Wikipedia:Inferior_oblique_muscle] comment: Taxon notes (via VHOG): "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution." Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective, Third Edition (2001) Orlando Fla.: Harcourt College Publishers, p.331 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "inferior oblique" EXACT [FMA:49040] synonym: "inferior oblique muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus obliquus inferior bulbi" EXACT [Wikipedia:Inferior_oblique_muscle] synonym: "musculus obliquus inferior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_oblique_muscle] synonym: "obliquus inferior" EXACT [FMA:49040] synonym: "obliquus oculi inferior" EXACT [Wikipedia:Inferior_oblique_muscle] synonym: "ventral oblique extraocular muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0001132] synonym: "ventral oblique extraocular muscles" RELATED [VHOG:0001132] xref: FMA:49040 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png xref: MA:0001276 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Oblique_Muscle xref: SCTID:181156006 xref: TAO:0000861 xref: VHOG:0001132 xref: ZFA:0000861 is_a: UBERON:0006532 {source="MA"} ! oblique extraocular muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001603 {notes="laterally onto the eyeball deep to the lateral rectus by a short flat tendon", source="dbpedia"} ! lateral rectus extra-ocular muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001643 {source="dbpedia"} ! oculomotor nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 {notes="orbital surface of the maxilla lateral to the lacrimal groove", source="dbpedia"} ! maxilla property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001132", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.331", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006321 name: superior oblique extraocular muscle def: "The superior oblique muscle, or obliquus oculi superior, is a fusiform muscle in the upper, medial side of the orbit whose primary action is downward, lateral rotation of the eye. One of the extraocular muscles, the superior oblique is the only muscle innervated by the trochlear nerve (the fourth cranial nerve)." [Wikipedia:Superior_oblique_muscle] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal oblique extraocular muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0001131] synonym: "dorsal oblique extraocular muscles" RELATED [VHOG:0001131] synonym: "M. obliquus superior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_oblique_muscle] synonym: "musculus obliquus superior" EXACT [AAO:0010119] synonym: "musculus obliquus superior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_oblique_muscle] synonym: "obliquus oculi superior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_oblique_muscle] synonym: "obliquus superior" EXACT [FMA:49039] synonym: "superior oblique" EXACT [FMA:49039] synonym: "superior oblique muscle" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010119 xref: FMA:49039 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png xref: MA:0001277 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Oblique_Muscle xref: SCTID:181155005 xref: TAO:0000738 xref: VHOG:0001131 xref: ZFA:0000738 is_a: UBERON:0006532 {source="MA"} ! oblique extraocular muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010230 {notes="Outer posterior quadrant of the eyeball", source="dbpedia"} ! eyeball of camera-type eye relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001644 {source="dbpedia"} ! trochlear nerve property_value: external_definition "Cranial nerve IV innervated; dorsal in the obliquus group.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010119", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001131", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.331", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006322 name: inferior rectus extraocular muscle def: "a muscle in the orbit that depresses, adducts, and helps extort (rotate laterally) the eye. The inferior rectus muscle is the only muscle that is capable of depressing the pupil when it is in a fully abducted position." [Wikipedia:Inferior_rectus_muscle] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "inferior rectus" EXACT [FMA:49036] synonym: "inferior rectus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus rectus inferior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_rectus_muscle] synonym: "ventral recti" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000457] synonym: "ventral rectus" RELATED [TAO:0000457] synonym: "ventral rectus extraocular muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0001130] xref: FMA:49036 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png xref: MA:0001279 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Rectus_Muscle xref: SCTID:181154009 xref: TAO:0000457 xref: VHOG:0001130 xref: ZFA:0000457 is_a: UBERON:0006533 {source="MA"} ! rectus extraocular muscle property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001130", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.331", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006323 name: superior rectus extraocular muscle def: "The superior rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. It is one of the extraocular muscles. It is innervated by the superior division of the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III). In the primary position (looking straight ahead), the superior rectus muscle's primary function is elevation, although it also contributes to intorsion and adduction." [Wikipedia:Superior_rectus_muscle] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dorsal rectus" RELATED [TAO:0000345] synonym: "dorsal rectus extraocular muscle" EXACT [VHOG:0001128] synonym: "musculus rectus superior bulbi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_rectus_muscle] synonym: "superior rectus" EXACT [FMA:49035] synonym: "superior rectus muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:49035 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Eyemuscles.png xref: MA:0001282 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Rectus_Muscle xref: SCTID:181153003 xref: TAO:0000345 xref: VHOG:0001128 xref: ZFA:0000345 is_a: UBERON:0006533 {source="MA"} ! rectus extraocular muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001643 {source="dbpedia"} ! oculomotor nerve property_value: homology_notes "The ability to rotate the eyeball is common to all vertebrates with well-developed eyes, regardless of the habitat in which they live, so these [extrinsic ocular] muscles tend to be conservative. They change little during the course of evolution.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001128", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.331", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006325 name: laryngeal intrinsic ligament synonym: "intrinsic ligament of larynx" EXACT [FMA:72058] xref: FMA:72058 xref: MA:0001757 xref: SCTID:279557001 is_a: UBERON:0001743 ! ligament of larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0006326 name: base of arytenoid synonym: "arytenoid cartilage base" EXACT [FMA:55349] synonym: "base of arytenoid" EXACT [FMA:55349] synonym: "base of arytenoid cartilage" EXACT [FMA:55349] xref: FMA:55349 xref: MA:0001761 xref: SCTID:279532006 is_a: UBERON:0001994 ! hyaline cartilage is_a: UBERON:0003406 ! cartilage of respiratory system is_a: UBERON:0003583 ! larynx connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0006327 name: laryngeal extrinsic muscle synonym: "extrinsic muscle of larynx" EXACT [FMA:55225] xref: FMA:55225 xref: MA:0001769 xref: SCTID:244808004 is_a: UBERON:0001568 ! muscle of larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0006328 name: laryngeal intrinsic muscle synonym: "intrinsic laryneal muscles" RELATED [FEED:FEED] synonym: "intrinsic laryngeal muscle" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "intrinsic muscle of larynx" EXACT [FMA:55226] xref: FMA:55226 xref: MA:0001770 xref: SCTID:244810002 is_a: UBERON:0001568 ! muscle of larynx property_value: external_definition "each muscle listed separately.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006329 name: superior pharyngeal constrictor def: "The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is a quadrilateral muscle, thinner and paler than the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Superior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "constrictor muscle of pharynx superior" EXACT [FMA:46621] synonym: "musculus constrictor pharyngis superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46621, FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus constrictor pharyngis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "superior constrictor" EXACT [FMA:46621] synonym: "superior constrictor muscle" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Superior_Constrictor_Muscle] synonym: "superior constrictor of pharynx" EXACT [FMA:46621] synonym: "superior constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46621] xref: EMAPA:18966 xref: FMA:46621 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Musculusconstrictorpharyngissuperior.png xref: MA:0002280 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Constrictor_Muscle xref: SCTID:244800006 is_a: UBERON:0001569 ! constrictor muscle of pharynx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004527 {source="dbpedia"} ! alveolar process of maxilla property_value: external_definition "The superior constrictor is a muscle that is an integral part of the pharyngeal tube that is attached to the mandible, pterygomandibular raphe, basioccipital bone, pterygoid process and midline raphe and is innervated by Cranial Nerve X via the pharyngeal plexus.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006330 name: anterior lingual gland def: "Anterior lingual glands (also called apical glands) are deeply placed seromucous glands that are located near the tip of the tongue on each side of the frenulum linguae. They are found on the under surface of the apex of the tongue, and are covered by a bundle of muscular fibers derived from the Styloglossus and Longitudinalis inferior." [Wikipedia:Anterior_lingual_glands] synonym: "anterior lingual salivary gland" EXACT [FMA:59796] synonym: "Bauhin's glands:" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anterior_lingual_glands] synonym: "Blandin's glands:" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anterior_lingual_glands] synonym: "lingual salivary gland" EXACT [FMA:59796] synonym: "Nuhn's glands:" EXACT [Wikipedia:Anterior_lingual_glands] xref: FMA:59796 xref: MA:0002701 xref: ncithesaurus:Lingual_Salivary_Gland xref: SCTID:362179003 is_a: UBERON:0001830 ! minor salivary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0006331 name: brainstem nucleus xref: MA:0000821 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem relationship: part_of UBERON:0002298 ! brainstem [Term] id: UBERON:0006332 name: nasal capsule def: "an embryonic cartilaginous frame, the nasal capsule, an evolutionary-conserved structure composed of ventral and dorsal components: the mesethmoid and ectethmoid cartilages, respectively.[PMID]." [PMID:21270050] comment: Taxon notes: In most mammals, the nasal capsule remains unossified, except in mammals where the ethmoid portion ossifies to form the turbinates[Kardong]. In avians, the mesethmoid supports upper beak formation, whereas the ectethmoid comprises elements of the olfactory system, including the lamina cribosa, the crista galli apophysis and the conchae. Editor's note - consider splitting this class. Developing cartilage in mammals? Connective tissue sheath in TAO. Structure that has both respiratory and olfactory functions and lies anterior to the braincase, in the foremost section of the cranium[AAO]. Cartilaginous envelope containing the nasal organ[FishBase] Multi-tissue structure composed of connective tissue that surrounds, the internal portions of the olfactory epithelium[ZFA]. Avian def: The nasal capsule is dorsoventrally divided into two parts: the upper part, the ectethmoid, serves olfaction and is composed of the lamina cribosa, the crista galli apophysis and the conchae. The lower part, the mesethmoid, is a thick cartilage bar extending from the corpus sphenoidalis to the rostral extremity of the nose (Fig. 1A-B􏰐). In the avian embryo, the mesethmoid constitutes the cartilage primordium of the upper beak subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cartilaginous nasal capsule" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000313 xref: EMAPA:17852 xref: MA:0000283 xref: TAO:0002035 xref: ZFA:0005507 is_a: UBERON:0001823 ! nasal cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 {source="MA"} ! olfactory apparatus property_value: external_comment "Development information from Brian Hall, Bones and Cartilage: Developmental Skeletal Biology.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0002035", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure that is the connective tissue sheath that surrounds, except for external opening(s) in adult, the olfactory epithelium.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002035", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Structure that has both respiratory and olfactory functions and lies anterior to the braincase, in the foremost section of the cranium.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000313", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006333 name: snout def: "Surface structure that is the region of the head in front of and between the orbits, and above the lower jaw. Nares are located on the snout." [ZFA:0005496] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "muzzle" RELATED [MA:0001910] xref: MA:0001910 xref: SCTID:41127006 xref: TAO:0001712 xref: ZFA:0005496 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0006334 name: posterior lateral line def: "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFA:0000944] comment: check XAO/AAO subset: dubious_grouping synonym: "pll" EXACT [ZFA:0000944] xref: AAO:0011024 xref: EFO:0003595 xref: TAO:0000944 xref: XAO:0000465 xref: ZFA:0000944 is_a: UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from posterior lateral line primordium (TAO:0001157)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000944", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of posterior lateral line system (TAO:0001471)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000944", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of eight distinct lateral lines in the 4-day larva. A sensory system on the surface of the fish, consisting of small sensory patches (neuromasts) distributed in discrete lines over the body surface. The lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000944", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006336 name: obsolete unspecified is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0006337 name: distal early tubule def: "Portion of the renal tubule which is just posterior to the proximal straight tubule." [ZFA:0005293] comment: in XAO this is pronephric; in ZFA it is an adult structure. we treat it here as generic. consider placing XAO under proneprhic subclass. check relationship with EDCT. subset: vertebrate_core xref: AAO:0011034 xref: EMAPA:27788 xref: EMAPA:28007 xref: EMAPA:28390 xref: TAO:0005293 xref: XAO:0000287 xref: ZFA:0005293 is_a: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule property_value: external_definition "Portion of the pronephric tubule that is immediately posterior to the late proximal tubule.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011034", ontology="AAO", source="XAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006338 name: lateral ventricle choroid plexus stroma comment: editors note: definitions should be fixed to use generic stroma class xref: MA:0000963 is_a: UBERON:0005206 ! choroid plexus stroma relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 intersection_of: UBERON:0005206 ! choroid plexus stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002307 ! choroid plexus of lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006339 name: third ventricle choroid plexus stroma xref: MA:0000881 is_a: UBERON:0005206 ! choroid plexus stroma relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 intersection_of: UBERON:0005206 ! choroid plexus stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 ! third ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002288 ! choroid plexus of third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006340 name: fourth ventricle choroid plexus stroma xref: MA:0000985 is_a: UBERON:0005206 ! choroid plexus stroma is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 intersection_of: UBERON:0005206 ! choroid plexus stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002290 ! choroid plexus of fourth ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006341 name: outer renal medulla peritubular capillary synonym: "kidney outer medulla peritubular capillary" EXACT [MA:0002589] xref: MA:0002589 is_a: UBERON:0005272 ! peritubular capillary relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 intersection_of: UBERON:0005272 ! peritubular capillary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001293 ! outer medulla of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0006342 name: left hepatic recess xref: EMAPA:18047 xref: MA:0000444 is_a: UBERON:0006442 ! hepatic recess [Term] id: UBERON:0006343 name: right hepatic recess xref: EMAPA:18050 xref: MA:0000450 is_a: UBERON:0006442 ! hepatic recess [Term] id: UBERON:0006345 name: stapedial artery def: "A small artery that passes through the ring of the stapes; while the stapedial artery is a temporary artery thought to disappear at late embryonic stage in humans, the mouse stapedial artery is complete by E13 and persists into adulthood[MP]." [MP:0004665] synonym: "stapedial" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001908] synonym: "stapedial artery temporary" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001908] xref: EHDAA2:0001908 xref: EMAPA:17313 xref: MA:0002044 xref: ncithesaurus:Stapedial_Artery xref: SCTID:361518009 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="EHDAA2"} ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003119 {source="EHDAA2"} ! aortic arch 2 relationship: existence_ends_during UBERON:0000068 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="MP"} ! embryo stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 {source="EHDAA2"} ! middle ear [Term] id: UBERON:0006347 name: communicating artery comment: Grouping for anterior and posterior xref: EMAPA:18598 xref: MA:0001938 xref: ncithesaurus:Communicating_Artery is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006349 name: epigastric artery xref: EMAPA:18750 xref: MA:0001948 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.330 xref: ncithesaurus:Epigastric_Artery xref: SCTID:261400009 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006351 name: principal vein of forelimb xref: EMAPA:17018 xref: MA:0002199 is_a: UBERON:0003515 ! forelimb blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0006443 ! prinicipal vein of limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0006443 ! prinicipal vein of limb intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0006353 name: principal vein of hindlimb xref: EMAPA:17019 xref: MA:0002200 is_a: UBERON:0003516 ! hindlimb blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0006443 ! prinicipal vein of limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0006443 ! prinicipal vein of limb intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0006355 name: superior vesical vein xref: EMAPA:18646 xref: MA:0002227 is_a: UBERON:0002460 ! vesical vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006356 name: epigastric vein xref: EMAPA:18759 xref: MA:0002114 xref: ncithesaurus:Epigastric_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006358 name: vasa hyaloidea propria xref: EMAPA:18236 xref: MA:0001285 is_a: UBERON:0005607 ! hyaloid vascular plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0006359 name: mesoduodenum xref: EMAPA:17183 xref: EMAPA:17198 xref: EMAPA:19082 xref: MA:0001556 is_a: UBERON:0001170 ! mesentery of small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0006360 name: intermolar eminence xref: EMAPA:18273 xref: EMAPA:18876 xref: MA:0001590 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0006364 name: ureteric tip xref: EMAPA:27605 xref: EMAPA:27625 xref: EMAPA:27694 xref: EMAPA:27749 xref: MA:0002601 is_a: UBERON:0001232 ! collecting duct of renal tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0006373 name: perihilar interstitium xref: EMAPA:28083 xref: MA:0002618 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 {source="MA"} ! renal pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0005215 {source="MA"} ! kidney interstitium [Term] id: UBERON:0006374 name: part of afferent arteriole forming the juxtaglomerular complex synonym: "part of afferent arteriole forming juxtaglomerular complex" EXACT [MA:0002580] synonym: "renin-producing cells" RELATED [MA:0002580] xref: EMAPA:28269 xref: MA:0002580 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002303 ! juxtaglomerular apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004639 ! afferent arteriole [Term] id: UBERON:0006376 name: premacula segment of distal straight tubule def: "." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3123600&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, PMID:14595018] synonym: "distal straight tubule premacula segment" EXACT [MA:0002628] synonym: "kidney medulla loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "medullary thick ascending limb of Henle's loop" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "renal medulla loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "renal medulla thick ascending limb" EXACT [MA:th] xref: EMAPA:28331 xref: EMAPA:29683 xref: EMAPA:31379 xref: MA:0002628 is_a: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0008408 ! distal tubular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001291 {source="MA"} ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0006541 {source="MA"} ! outer medulla inner stripe loop of henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0006542 {source="MA"} ! outer medulla outer stripe loop of henle [Term] id: UBERON:0006377 name: remnant of Rathke's pouch synonym: "hypophyseal cleft" RELATED [MA:0000857] xref: EMAPA:17518 xref: MA:0000857 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005356 ! Rathke's pouch relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis [Term] id: UBERON:0006378 name: vibrissa hair def: "A specialized hairs usually employed for tactile sensation. Vibrissae hair grow around the nostrils, above the lips, and on other parts of the face of most mammals, and all primates except humans. vibrissae are different from other hairs because they are implanted in a special Hair follicle incorporating a capsule of blood called a blood sinus and heavily innervated by sensory nerves[WP]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3213510&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, Wikipedia:Whiskers] comment: MA has distinct classes for vibrissa and vibrissa hair - the former includes the follicle and is thus not the hair proper synonym: "contour hair" EXACT [MP:0009003] synonym: "macrovibrissa" NARROW [] synonym: "microvibrissa" NARROW [] synonym: "motile vibrissa" NARROW [] synonym: "sinus hair" EXACT [EMAPA:26747, MP:0009003] synonym: "touch hair" EXACT [MP:0009003] synonym: "true whisker" NARROW [] synonym: "vibrissa hair" RELATED [] synonym: "whisker" NARROW [MA:0000163] xref: BTO:0003488 xref: EMAPA:17529 xref: EMAPA:26747 xref: http://eulep.pdn.cam.ac.uk/~skinbase/Annotated_anatomy_of_the_mouse_vibrissa/vibrissa_labelled.jpg xref: MA:0000782 xref: MESH:A.13.950 is_a: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair disjoint_from: UBERON:0011931 ! nasal hair relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 {source="MA"} ! vibrissa unit property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 {source="Skinbase"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006428 name: basisphenoid bone comment: "Endochondral ossification of the ventromedial portion of the braincase." [AAO:0000040] // "An endochondral bone that is located ventral to the pterosphenoid and dorsal to the parasphenoid. Basisphenoid is a median bone that is usually Y-shaped." [TAO:0000169] synonym: "basisphcénocïde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000169] synonym: "basisphenoid" EXACT [AAO:0000040] synonym: "propituital@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000169] xref: AAO:0000040 xref: EMAPA:18706 xref: MA:0001463 xref: SCTID:95945003 xref: TAO:0000169 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 {source="MA"} ! neurocranium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009194 {source="cjm"} ! basisphenoid cartilage condenstion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000040", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "An endochondral bone that is located ventral to the pterosphenoid and dorsal to the parasphenoid. Basisphenoid is a median bone that is usually Y-shaped.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000169", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral ossification of the ventromedial portion of the braincase.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000040", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006430 name: xiphoid cartilage subset: uberon_slim synonym: "cartilage of xiphoid process" EXACT [FMA:32574] synonym: "ensiform cartilage" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] synonym: "xiphoid cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "xiphoid process cartilage" EXACT [FMA:32574] xref: AAO:0000940 xref: EMAPA:18725 xref: FMA:32574 xref: MA:0001884 is_a: UBERON:0000398 ! cartilage tissue of sternum is_a: UBERON:0002236 ! costal cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0002207 intersection_of: UBERON:0002236 ! costal cartilage intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process relationship: part_of UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process property_value: external_definition "Distal, cartilaginous portion of the sternum.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000940", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006431 name: xiphoid process bone synonym: "bone tissue of xiphoid process" EXACT [FMA:32577] synonym: "xiphoid bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphoid_process] xref: FMA:32577 xref: GAID:248 is_a: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue is_a: UBERON:0003837 ! thoracic segment connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002207 intersection_of: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process relationship: part_of UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process [Term] id: UBERON:0006435 name: os penis def: "a bone found in the penis of most mammals. It is absent in humans, but present in other primates, such as the closely-related chimpanzee. The bone aids in sexual intercourse[WP]." [Wikipedia:Baculum] synonym: "baculum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Baculum] synonym: "penile bone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Baculum] synonym: "penis bone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Baculum] xref: EMAPA:29769 xref: MA:0000406 xref: SCTID:27962002 is_a: UBERON:0007719 ! bone of reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 [Term] id: UBERON:0006436 name: principal artery to forelimb synonym: "7th cervical intersegmental artery" RELATED [EMAPA:16811] synonym: "axial artery of forelimb" RELATED [EMAPA:16811] xref: EMAPA:16811 xref: MA:0002024 is_a: UBERON:0007718 ! principal artery to limb [Term] id: UBERON:0006438 name: principal artery to hindlimb xref: EMAPA:16812 xref: MA:0002025 is_a: UBERON:0007718 ! principal artery to limb [Term] id: UBERON:0006440 name: os clitoris synonym: "baubellum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Baculum] synonym: "os clitoridis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Baculum] xref: EMAPA:30823 xref: MA:0000387 is_a: UBERON:0007719 ! bone of reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 [Term] id: UBERON:0006442 name: hepatic recess is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0006443 name: prinicipal vein of limb is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003514 ! limb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0006444 name: annulus fibrosus def: "A ring of fibrous or fibrocartilaginous tissue (as of an intervertebral disk or surrounding an orifice of the heart)." [BTO:0003627] subset: grouping_class synonym: "anulus fibrosus" EXACT [FMA:76704] synonym: "fibrous ring" RELATED [BTO:0003627] xref: BTO:0003627 xref: FMA:76704 is_a: UBERON:0001995 ! fibrocartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0006445 name: caudal middle frontal gyrus def: "Component of the middle frontal gyrus. The rostral boundary of the middle frontal gyrus was the rostral extent of the middle frontal gyrus whereas the caudal boundary was the precentral gyrus. The medial and lateral boundaries were designated as the superior frontal sulcus and the inferior frontal sulcus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1083] synonym: "caudal middle frontal gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1083] synonym: "posterior part of middle frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:70688] xref: FMA:70688 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1083 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002702 ! middle frontal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0006446 name: rostral middle frontal gyrus def: "Component of the middle frontal gyrus The rostral boundary is the first appearance of the superior frontal sulcus whereas the caudal boundary is the middle frontal gyrus. The medial and lateral boundaries are the superior frontal sulcus and the inferior frontal sulcus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1090] synonym: "anterior part of middle frontal gyrus" EXACT [FMA:70687] synonym: "rostral middle frontal gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1090] xref: FMA:70687 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1090 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002702 ! middle frontal gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0006447 name: fifth lumbar spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1251] synonym: "L5 segment" EXACT [FMA:71191] synonym: "L5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1251] xref: FMA:71191 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1251 xref: SCTID:278775008 is_a: UBERON:0007716 ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006448 name: first lumbar spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1336] synonym: "L1 segment" EXACT [FMA:71187] synonym: "L1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1336] xref: FMA:71187 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1336 xref: SCTID:278776009 is_a: UBERON:0007716 ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006449 name: third lumbar spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "L3 segment" EXACT [FMA:71189] synonym: "L3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1340] synonym: "third lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1340] xref: FMA:71189 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1340 xref: SCTID:278778005 is_a: UBERON:0007716 ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006450 name: second lumbar spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "l2 segment" EXACT [FMA:71188] synonym: "L2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1345] synonym: "second lumbar spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1345] xref: FMA:71188 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1345 xref: SCTID:278777000 is_a: UBERON:0007716 ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006451 name: fourth lumbar spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "L4 segment" EXACT [FMA:71190] synonym: "L4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1352] xref: FMA:71190 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1352 xref: SCTID:278779002 is_a: UBERON:0007716 ! lumbar subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006452 name: fourth thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "T4 segment" EXACT [FMA:71170] synonym: "T4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1378] xref: FMA:71170 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1378 xref: SCTID:278766006 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006453 name: fifth thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1383] synonym: "t5 segment" EXACT [FMA:71171] synonym: "T5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1383] xref: FMA:71171 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1383 xref: SCTID:278767002 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006454 name: sixth thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "sixth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1387] synonym: "t6 segment" EXACT [FMA:71172] synonym: "T6 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1387] xref: FMA:71172 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1387 xref: SCTID:278768007 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006455 name: seventh thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "seventh thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1392] synonym: "t7 segment" EXACT [FMA:71173] synonym: "T7 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1392] xref: FMA:71173 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1392 xref: SCTID:278769004 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006456 name: eighth thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eighth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1398] synonym: "t8 segment" EXACT [FMA:71174] synonym: "T8 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1398] xref: FMA:71174 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1398 xref: SCTID:278770003 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006457 name: first thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1452] synonym: "t1 segment" EXACT [FMA:62421] synonym: "T1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1452] xref: FMA:62421 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1452 xref: SCTID:278762008 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006458 name: second thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "second thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1454] synonym: "t2 segment" EXACT [FMA:62422] synonym: "T2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1454] xref: FMA:62422 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1454 xref: SCTID:278763003 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006459 name: third thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "t3 segment" EXACT [FMA:71169] synonym: "T3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1458] synonym: "third thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1458] xref: FMA:71169 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1458 xref: SCTID:278764009 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006460 name: first sacral spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "first sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1532] synonym: "S1 segment" EXACT [FMA:256625] synonym: "S1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1532] xref: FMA:256625 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1532 xref: SCTID:278780004 is_a: UBERON:0007717 ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006461 name: second sacral spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "S2 segment" EXACT [FMA:256627] synonym: "S2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1539] synonym: "second sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1539] xref: FMA:256627 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1539 xref: SCTID:278781000 is_a: UBERON:0007717 ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006462 name: third sacral spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "S3 segment" EXACT [FMA:256629] synonym: "S3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1544] synonym: "third sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1544] xref: FMA:256629 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1544 xref: SCTID:278782007 is_a: UBERON:0007717 ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006463 name: fourth sacral spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "S4 segment" EXACT [FMA:256631] synonym: "S4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1548] xref: FMA:256631 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1548 xref: SCTID:278783002 is_a: UBERON:0007717 ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006464 name: fifth sacral spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "fifth sacral spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1553] synonym: "S5 segment" EXACT [FMA:256633] synonym: "S5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1553] xref: FMA:256633 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1553 xref: SCTID:278784008 is_a: UBERON:0007717 ! sacral subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006465 name: ninth thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "ninth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1584] synonym: "t9 segment" EXACT [FMA:71175] synonym: "T9 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1584] xref: FMA:71175 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1584 xref: SCTID:278771004 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006466 name: tenth thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "t10 segment" EXACT [FMA:71176] synonym: "T10 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1591] synonym: "tenth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1591] xref: FMA:71176 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1591 xref: SCTID:278772006 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006467 name: eleventh thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eleventh thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1596] synonym: "t11 segment" EXACT [FMA:71177] synonym: "T11 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1596] xref: FMA:71177 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1596 xref: SCTID:278773001 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006468 name: twelfth thoracic spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "t12 segment" EXACT [FMA:71178] synonym: "T12 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1598] synonym: "twelfth thoracic spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1598] xref: FMA:71178 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1598 xref: SCTID:278774007 is_a: UBERON:0007715 ! thoracic subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006469 name: first cervical spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C1 segment" EXACT [FMA:71179] synonym: "C1 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1694] synonym: "first cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1694] xref: FMA:71179 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1694 xref: SCTID:278754000 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006470 name: eighth cervical spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C8 segment" EXACT [FMA:71186] synonym: "C8 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1696] synonym: "eighth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1696] xref: FMA:71186 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1696 xref: SCTID:278761001 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006471 name: brodmann (1909) area 5 def: "Brodmann area 5 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain. It is involved in somatosensory processing and association." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_5] synonym: "area 5 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736] synonym: "Area praeparietalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736] synonym: "B09-5" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 5" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736] synonym: "brodmann area 5" EXACT [FMA:68601] synonym: "Brodmann area 5, preparietal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736] synonym: "preparietal area 5" EXACT [FMA:68601] synonym: "preparietal area 5" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_5] synonym: "secondary somatosensory cortex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_5] xref: FMA:68601 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Brodmann_areas_5.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1736 xref: SCTID:384764008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006472 name: brodmann (1909) area 6 def: "Brodmann area 6, or BA6, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. Situated just anterior to the primary motor cortex, it is composed of the premotor cortex and, medially, the supplementary motor area, or SMA. This large area of the frontal cortex is believed to play a role in the planning of complex, coordinated movements. Brodmann area 6 is also called agranular frontal area 6 in humans because it lacks an internal granular cortical layer (layer IV). It is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined precentral region of cerebral cortex. In the human brain, it is located on the portions of the precentral gyrus that are not occupied by the gigantopyramidal area 4; furthermore, BA6 extends onto the caudal portions of the superior frontal and middle frontal gyri. It extends from the cingulate sulcus on the medial aspect of the hemisphere to the lateral sulcus on the lateral aspect. It is bounded rostrally by the granular frontal region and caudally by the gigantopyramidal area 4 (Brodmann, 1909)." [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_6] synonym: "agranular frontal area 6" EXACT [FMA:68602] synonym: "agranular frontal area 6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_6] synonym: "area 6 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68602] synonym: "area 6 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737] synonym: "Area frontalis agranularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737] synonym: "B09-6" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 6" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737] synonym: "brodmann area 6" EXACT [FMA:68602] synonym: "Brodmann area 6, agranular frontal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737] synonym: "frontal belt" EXACT [FMA:68602] xref: FMA:68602 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Brodmann_areas_6.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1737 xref: SCTID:384765009 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006473 name: brodmann (1909) area 18 def: "." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "area 18 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68615] synonym: "area 18 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "Area parastriata" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "B09-18" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 18" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "brodmann area 18" EXACT [FMA:68615] synonym: "Brodmann area 18, parastriate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749] synonym: "brodmann's area 18" EXACT [FMA:68615] synonym: "parastriate area 18" EXACT [FMA:68615] synonym: "secondary visual area" EXACT [FMA:68615] synonym: "visual area ii" EXACT [FMA:68615] xref: FMA:68615 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1749 xref: SCTID:384773000 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006474 name: brodmann (1909) area 30 synonym: "agranular retrolimbic area 30" EXACT [FMA:68627] synonym: "area 30 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68627] synonym: "area 30 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764] synonym: "Area retrolimbica agranularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764] synonym: "B09-30" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 30" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764] synonym: "brodmann area 30" EXACT [FMA:68627] synonym: "Brodmann area 30, agranular retrolimbic" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764] synonym: "brodmann's area 30" EXACT [FMA:68627] xref: FMA:68627 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1764 xref: SCTID:384784007 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006475 name: brodmann (1909) area 31 synonym: "area 31 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68628] synonym: "area 31 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765] synonym: "Area cingularis posterior dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765] synonym: "B09-31" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 31" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765] synonym: "brodmann area 31" EXACT [FMA:68628] synonym: "Brodmann area 31, dorsal posterior cingulate" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765] synonym: "brodmann's area 31" EXACT [FMA:68628] synonym: "cinguloparietal transition area" EXACT [FMA:68628] synonym: "dorsal posterior cingulate area 31" EXACT [FMA:68628] xref: FMA:68628 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1765 xref: SCTID:384785008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006476 name: brodmann (1909) area 33 synonym: "area 33 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68630] synonym: "area 33 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766] synonym: "Area praegenualis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766] synonym: "B09-33" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 33" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766] synonym: "brodmann area 33" EXACT [FMA:68630] synonym: "Brodmann area 33, pregenual" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766] synonym: "brodmann's area 33" EXACT [FMA:68630] synonym: "pregenual area 33" EXACT [FMA:68630] xref: FMA:68630 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1766 xref: SCTID:384788005 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006477 name: brodmann (1909) area 34 synonym: "area 34 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68631] synonym: "area 34 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767] synonym: "Area entorhinalis dorsalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767] synonym: "B09-34" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 34" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767] synonym: "brodmann area 34" EXACT [FMA:68631] synonym: "Brodmann area 34, dorsal entorhinal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767] synonym: "dorsal entorhinal area 34" EXACT [FMA:68631] xref: FMA:68631 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1767 xref: SCTID:384789002 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006478 name: brodmann (1909) area 37 synonym: "area 37 0f brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68634] synonym: "area 37 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770] synonym: "Area occipitotemporalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770] synonym: "B09-37" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 37" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770] synonym: "brodmann area 37" EXACT [FMA:68634] synonym: "Brodmann area 37, occipitotemporal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770] synonym: "occipitotemporal area 37" EXACT [FMA:68634] xref: FMA:68634 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1770 xref: SCTID:384792003 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006479 name: brodmann (1909) area 38 synonym: "area 38 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68635] synonym: "area 38 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771] synonym: "Area temporopolaris" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771] synonym: "B09-38" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 38" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771] synonym: "brodmann area 38" EXACT [FMA:68635] synonym: "Brodmann area 38, temporopolar" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771] synonym: "temporopolar area 38" EXACT [FMA:68635] xref: FMA:68635 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1771 xref: SCTID:384793008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006480 name: brodmann (1909) area 39 synonym: "angular area 39" EXACT [FMA:68636] synonym: "area 39 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68636] synonym: "area 39 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772] synonym: "Area angularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772] synonym: "B09-39" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 39" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772] synonym: "brodmann area 39" EXACT [FMA:68636] synonym: "Brodmann area 39, angular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772] xref: FMA:68636 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1772 xref: SCTID:384794002 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006481 name: brodmann (1909) area 44 synonym: "area 44 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68641] synonym: "area 44 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776] synonym: "Area opercularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776] synonym: "B09-44" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 44" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776] synonym: "brodmann area 44" EXACT [FMA:68641] synonym: "Brodmann area 44, opercular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776] synonym: "opercular area 44" EXACT [FMA:68641] xref: FMA:68641 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1776 xref: SCTID:384803008 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006482 name: brodmann (1909) area 45 synonym: "area 45 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68642] synonym: "area 45 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777] synonym: "Area triangularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777] synonym: "B09-45" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 45" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777] synonym: "brodmann area 45" EXACT [FMA:68642] synonym: "Brodmann area 45, triangular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777] synonym: "triangular area 45" EXACT [FMA:68642] xref: FMA:68642 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1777 xref: SCTID:384805001 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006483 name: brodmann (1909) area 46 def: "Brodmann area 46, or BA46, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. It is between BA10 and BA45. BA46 is known as middle frontal area 46. In the human it occupies approximately the middle third of the middle frontal gyrus and the most rostral portion of the inferior frontal gyrus. Brodmann area 46 roughly corresponds with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), although the borders of area 46 are based on cytoarchitecture rather than function. The DLPFC also encompasses part of granular frontal area 9, directly adjacent on the dorsal surface of the cortex. Cytoarchitecturally, BA46 is bounded dorsally by the granular frontal area 9, rostroventrally by the frontopolar area 10 and caudally by the triangular area 45 (Brodmann-1909). There is some discrepancy between the extent of BA8 (Brodmann-1905) and the same area as described by Walker (1940)" [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_46] synonym: "area 46 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68643] synonym: "area 46 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778] synonym: "Area frontalis media" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778] synonym: "B09-46" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 46" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778] synonym: "brodmann area 46" EXACT [FMA:68643] synonym: "Brodmann area 46, middle frontal" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778] synonym: "middle frontal area 46" EXACT [FMA:68643] synonym: "middle frontal area 46" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brodmann_area_46] xref: FMA:68643 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Brodmann_area_46.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1778 xref: SCTID:384806000 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006484 name: brodmann (1909) area 47 synonym: "area 47 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:68644] synonym: "area 47 of Brodmann-1909" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779] synonym: "Area orbitalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779] synonym: "B09-47" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 47" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779] synonym: "brodmann area 47" EXACT [FMA:68644] synonym: "Brodmann area 47, orbital" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779] synonym: "orbital area 47" EXACT [FMA:68644] xref: FMA:68644 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1779 xref: SCTID:384807009 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006485 name: brodmann (1909) area 48 synonym: "area 48 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:81151] synonym: "Area retrosubicularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791] synonym: "B09-48" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 48" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791] synonym: "brodmann area 48" EXACT [FMA:81151] synonym: "Brodmann area 48, retrosubicular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791] synonym: "brodmann's area 48" EXACT [FMA:81151] synonym: "retrosubicular area 48" EXACT [FMA:81151] xref: FMA:81151 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1791 xref: SCTID:384808004 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006486 name: brodmann (1909) area 52 synonym: "area 52 of brodmann" EXACT [FMA:81153] synonym: "Area parainsularis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792] synonym: "B09-52" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792] synonym: "brodmann (1909) area 52" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792] synonym: "brodmann area 52" EXACT [FMA:81153] synonym: "Brodmann area 52, parainsular" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792] synonym: "parainsular area 52" EXACT [FMA:81153] xref: FMA:81153 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1792 xref: SCTID:384809007 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006487 name: hadjikhani et al. (1998) visuotopic area v2d synonym: "hadjikhani et al. (1998) visuotopic area v2d" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4055] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4055 is_a: UBERON:0003022 ! lobe parts of cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0006488 name: third cervical spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C3 segment" EXACT [FMA:71181] synonym: "C3 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_744] synonym: "third cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_744] xref: FMA:71181 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_744 xref: SCTID:278756003 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006489 name: second cervical spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C2 segment" EXACT [FMA:71180] synonym: "C2 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_752] synonym: "second cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_752] xref: FMA:71180 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_752 xref: SCTID:278755004 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006490 name: fourth cervical spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C4 segment" EXACT [FMA:71182] synonym: "C4 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_753] synonym: "forth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_753] xref: FMA:71182 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_753 xref: SCTID:278757007 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006491 name: fifth cervical spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C5 segment" EXACT [FMA:71183] synonym: "C5 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_760] synonym: "fifth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_760] xref: FMA:71183 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_760 xref: SCTID:278758002 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006492 name: sixth cervical spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C6 segment" EXACT [FMA:71184] synonym: "C6 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_766] synonym: "sixth cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_766] xref: FMA:71184 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_766 xref: SCTID:278759005 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006493 name: seventh cervical spinal cord segment subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "C7 segment" EXACT [FMA:71185] synonym: "C7 spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_773] synonym: "seventh cervical spinal cord segment" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_773] xref: FMA:71185 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_773 xref: SCTID:278760000 is_a: UBERON:0007714 ! cervical subsegment of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0006494 name: apex of arytenoid synonym: "apex of arytenoid cartilage" EXACT [FMA:55348] synonym: "arytenoid cartilage apex" EXACT [FMA:55348] xref: FMA:55348 xref: MA:0001760 xref: SCTID:279534007 is_a: UBERON:0001996 ! elastic cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003406 ! cartilage of respiratory system is_a: UBERON:0003583 ! larynx connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0006495 name: osseus cochlear canal synonym: "osseous cochlear canal" EXACT [FMA:75666] xref: FMA:75666 xref: MA:0001183 is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit [Term] id: UBERON:0006496 name: external acoustic meatus osseus part synonym: "osseous external acoustic tube" EXACT [FMA:61290] synonym: "osseous part of external acoustic meatus" EXACT [FMA:61290] xref: FMA:61290 xref: MA:0001235 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus [Term] id: UBERON:0006497 name: pes interosseus muscle synonym: "foot interosseous" EXACT [FMA:37456] synonym: "foot interosseus muscle" EXACT [MA:0002302] synonym: "interosseous of foot" EXACT [FMA:37456] xref: FMA:37456 xref: MA:0002302 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Interosseous_Muscle xref: SCTID:181714004 is_a: UBERON:0001498 ! muscle of pes is_a: UBERON:0006508 ! interosseus muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0006508 ! interosseus muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0006499 name: dorsal pes interosseus muscle def: "In human anatomy, the dorsal interossei of the foot are four muscles situated between the metatarsal bones." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_interossei_of_the_foot] synonym: "dorsal foot interosseus muscle" EXACT [MA:0002303] synonym: "dorsal interosseous of foot" EXACT [FMA:37457] synonym: "musculi interossei dorsalis pedis" EXACT [] synonym: "musculi interossei dorsalis pedis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_interossei_of_the_foot] xref: FMA:37457 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Gray446.png xref: MA:0002303 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsal_Foot_Interosseous_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0006497 ! pes interosseus muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0006502 {source="dbpedia"} ! plantar foot interosseus muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004302 {source="dbpedia"} ! proximal phalanx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000983 {source="dbpedia"} ! metatarsus region [Term] id: UBERON:0006502 name: plantar foot interosseus muscle def: "The plantar interossei, three in number, lie beneath rather than between the metatarsal bones, and each is connected with but one metatarsal bone. They arise from the bases and medial sides of the bodies of the third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal bones, and are inserted into the medial sides of the bases of the first phalanges of the same toes, and into the aponeuroses of the tendons of the Extensor digitorum longus." [Wikipedia:Plantar_interossei_muscles] synonym: "musculi interossei plantares" EXACT [] synonym: "musculi interosseus plantaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Plantar_interossei_muscles] synonym: "plantar interosseous of foot" EXACT [FMA:37458] xref: FMA:37458 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Gray447.png xref: MA:0002304 xref: ncithesaurus:Plantar_Foot_Interosseus_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0006497 ! pes interosseus muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0006499 {source="dbpedia"} ! dorsal pes interosseus muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004302 {source="dbpedia"} ! proximal phalanx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000983 {source="dbpedia"} ! metatarsus region [Term] id: UBERON:0006505 name: palmar hand interosseus muscle def: "The palmar interossei (interossei volares) are small muscles in the hand that lie on the anterior aspect of the metacarpals. They are smaller than the dorsal interossei of the hand, which lie between the metacarpals" [Wikipedia:Palmar_interossei_muscles] synonym: "musculi interossei palmares" EXACT [] synonym: "musculi interossei palmares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palmar_interossei_muscles] synonym: "palmar interosseous of hand" EXACT [FMA:37419] xref: FMA:37419 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Gray429.png xref: MA:0002315 xref: ncithesaurus:Palmar_Hand_Interosseus_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0001502 ! interosseous muscle of manus relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004302 {source="dbpedia"} ! proximal phalanx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010544 {source="dbpedia"} ! metacarpus skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0006508 name: interosseus muscle is_a: UBERON:0003661 ! limb muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0006514 name: pallidum def: "Part of what are called the basal ganglia of the brain which consist of the globus pallidus and the ventral pallidum." [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11614] synonym: "neuraxis pallidum" EXACT [FMA:83684] synonym: "pallidum of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:83684] xref: ABA:PAL xref: FMA:83684 xref: MA:0000889 is_a: UBERON:0011300 ! gray matter of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002420 {source="MA"} ! basal ganglion property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002435 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006516 name: dorsal pallidum synonym: "dorsal globus pallidus" RELATED [BTO:0004376] xref: ABA:PALd xref: BTO:0004376 xref: FMA:77619 is_a: UBERON:0006514 {source="FMA"} ! pallidum is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001875 {source="BTO"} ! globus pallidus [Term] id: UBERON:0006517 name: kidney calyx def: "Recesses of the kidney pelvis which divides into two wide, cup-shaped major renal calices, with each major calix subdivided into 7 to 14 minor calices. Urine empties into a minor calix from collecting tubules, then passes through the major calix, renal pelvis, and ureter to enter the urinary bladder. (From Moore, Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 3d ed, p211)" [MESH:A.05.810.453.537.503] synonym: "calyx" BROAD [EMAPA:18676] synonym: "renal calyx" RELATED [MA:0000369] xref: EMAPA:18676 xref: GAID:427 xref: MA:0000369 xref: MESH:A.05.810.453.537.503 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Calyx xref: SCTID:276832000 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0006518 name: right lung lobe comment: Taxon notes: 4 in mice, divided into 3 in human by two interlobal fissures [ISBN-10:0123813611] synonym: "lobe of right lung" EXACT [] synonym: "lobe of the right lung" EXACT [ncithesaurus:Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung] xref: MA:0001791 xref: ncithesaurus:Lobe_of_the_Right_Lung xref: SCTID:272654004 is_a: UBERON:0000101 ! lobe of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0000101 ! lobe of lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0006524 name: alveolar system def: "System pertaining to a bronchus and alveoli." [BTO:0000136] synonym: "bronchoalveolar system" RELATED [BTO:0000136] synonym: "pulmonary alveolar system" EXACT [MP:0010899] xref: BTO:0000136 xref: EMAPA:19001 xref: EMAPA:19003 xref: EMAPA:19005 xref: EMAPA:19007 xref: EMAPA:19009 xref: MA:0000416 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0006525 name: left lung alveolar system xref: MA:0001775 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0006526 name: right lung alveolar system xref: MA:0001784 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0006530 name: seminal fluid def: "The fluid portion of the semen, in which the spermatozoa are suspended[BTO]." [BTO:0001232] comment: Usage notes: we follow FMA and make this class a generic superclass of the secretions of different glands (prostate, bulbo-urethreal, seminal vesicle). MA (and ncit) follows a mixture model, where these secretions are part of the seminal fluid // Taxon notes: This term covers a variety of species. Example: In D. melanogaster, seminal fluid proteins affect female receptivity, ovulation, oogenesis, sperm storage, sperm competition and mating plug formation [doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00961.x]. Note that ths intology contains a number of subtypes of seminal fluid, defined according to glands (which are more taxonomically restricted) synonym: "male genital fluid" RELATED [] synonym: "male genital secretion" RELATED [] synonym: "seminal fluid" RELATED [BTO:0001232] synonym: "seminal plasma" EXACT [BTO:0001232] xref: BTO:0001232 xref: FMA:62967 xref: MA:0002523 xref: MAT:0000057 xref: MIAA:0000057 is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001968 ! semen [Term] id: UBERON:0006531 name: oculomotor muscle def: "The muscles that move the eye. Included in this group are the medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, superior oblique, musculus orbitalis, and levator palpebrae superioris." [MESH:A.02.633.567.700] comment: we follow MA in making this a subckass of extra-ocular muscle but the distinction is not clear xref: MA:0002432 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Oculomotor_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0001601 {source="MA"} ! extra-ocular muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0006532 name: oblique extraocular muscle xref: MA:0001275 is_a: UBERON:0006531 ! oculomotor muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0006533 name: rectus extraocular muscle xref: MA:0001278 is_a: UBERON:0006531 ! oculomotor muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0006534 name: renal convoluted tubule synonym: "convoluted tubule" EXACT [] synonym: "kidney convoluted tubule" EXACT [MA:0001665] xref: MA:0001665 xref: ncithesaurus:Convoluted_Tubule xref: SCTID:361333002 is_a: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0006535 name: skin fluid/secretion synonym: "skin fluid" RELATED [] synonym: "skin secretion" RELATED [] xref: MA:0002537 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000014 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin [Term] id: UBERON:0006536 name: male reproductive system fluid/secretion synonym: "male reproductive system fluid" RELATED [] synonym: "male reproductive system secretion" RELATED [] xref: MA:0002521 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000079 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0006537 name: female reproductive system fluid/secretion synonym: "female reproductive system fluid" RELATED [] synonym: "female reproductive system secretion" RELATED [] xref: MA:0002510 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000474 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0006538 name: respiratory system fluid/secretion synonym: "respiratory system fluid" RELATED [] synonym: "respiratory system secretion" RELATED [] xref: MA:0002533 xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_System_Fluid_or_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001004 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0006539 name: mammary gland fluid/secretion synonym: "lactiferous gland fluid" RELATED [] synonym: "lactiferous gland secretion" RELATED [] synonym: "mammary gland fluid" RELATED [] synonym: "mammary gland secretion" RELATED [] synonym: "secretion of mammary gland" RELATED [] xref: MA:0002505 is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0006541 name: outer medulla inner stripe loop of henle xref: EMAPA:29679 xref: MA:0002627 is_a: UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004201 intersection_of: UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004201 ! kidney outer medulla inner stripe relationship: part_of UBERON:0004201 ! kidney outer medulla inner stripe [Term] id: UBERON:0006542 name: outer medulla outer stripe loop of henle xref: EMAPA:29665 xref: MA:0002630 is_a: UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004202 intersection_of: UBERON:0001288 ! loop of Henle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004202 ! kidney outer medulla outer stripe relationship: part_of UBERON:0004202 ! kidney outer medulla outer stripe [Term] id: UBERON:0006544 name: kidney vasculature subset: vertebrate_core xref: EMAPA:28457 xref: TAO:0005305 xref: ZFA:0005305 is_a: UBERON:0002201 ! vasculature of trunk is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0006876 ! vasculature of organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0006553 name: renal duct def: "A tube in the kidney that collect and transport urine." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-071029-9] comment: in ZFA this is defined as part of mesonephros xref: TAO:0005289 xref: ZFA:0005289 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0006554 name: urinary system structure comment: editor note: note that we do not explicitly exclude entities such as WBbt:0005777 (excretory duct) here, but they will be automatically classified under this class after reasoning xref: SCTID:122489005 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0006555 name: excretory tube is_a: UBERON:0000025 ! tube is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 intersection_of: UBERON:0000025 ! tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0006558 name: lymphatic part of lymphoid system def: "." [Wikipedia:Lymphatic_system] comment: AO notes: in FMA this is part of the cardiovascular system, but here we treat the CV system as a separate component of the circulatory system from the lymphatic system synonym: "lymphatic system" EXACT [FMA:7162, MA:0002435] synonym: "lymphatic tree system" EXACT [FMA:7162] synonym: "lymporeticular system" RELATED [VHOG:0001761] xref: AAO:0010522 xref: EFO:0000870 xref: EMAPA:18248 xref: FMA:7162 xref: MA:0002961 xref: MESH:A.15.382.520 xref: SCTID:362597000 xref: VHOG:0001761 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system relationship: part_of UBERON:0007798 {source="MA"} ! vascular system property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system which consists of a series of vessels which collect blood (exclusive of erythrocytes) which seep through capillary walls and return it to the veins.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010522", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006561 name: non-lymphatic part of lymphoid system synonym: "non-lymphatic lymphoid system" EXACT [FMA:74623] xref: FMA:74623 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0002465 ! lymphoid system [Term] id: UBERON:0006562 name: pharynx def: "The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]." [GO:0060465] comment: Taxon notes: This is a dubious grouping class that collects structures as diverse as the chordate pharynx (which is a subclass - UBERON:0001042) and the nematode pharynx. This portion of the ontology should be revised, but this should be done in sync with GO, from which this grouping arises subset: grouping_class subset: uberon_slim synonym: "pharyngeal tube" EXACT [] xref: FBbt:00005380 xref: MAT:0000049 xref: MIAA:0000049 xref: WBbt:0003681 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus property_value: external_definition "A portion of the respiratory and digestive tracts; its distal limit is the superior part of the esophagus and it connects the nasal and oral cavities with the esophagus and larynx; it contains the valleculae and the pyriform recesses; its upper limits are the nasal cavity and cranial base.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006563 name: tunica media of pulmonary trunk def: "Tunica media of artery which is continuous with the myocardium of right ventricle.[FMA]" [FMA:85030, FMA:FMA] xref: FMA:85030 is_a: UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media relationship: part_of UBERON:0002333 intersection_of: UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002333 ! pulmonary trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0006564 name: superficial palmar arch synonym: "arcus palmaris superficialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:22834, FMA:TA] synonym: "Superficial palmar arch" EXACT [FMA:22834] synonym: "superficial palmar arterial arch" EXACT [FMA:22834] xref: FMA:22834 xref: MA:0002127 xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Palmar_Arch xref: SCTID:362051006 is_a: UBERON:0004563 ! forelimb digital vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006565 name: female urethral meatus synonym: "external orifice of female urethra" EXACT [FMA:85266] synonym: "External urethral orifice (female)" EXACT [FMA:85266] synonym: "female urethral meatus" EXACT [FMA:85266] synonym: "ostium urethrae externum (urethra feminina)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:85266, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:85266 xref: MA:0002639 xref: SCTID:279479008 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010418 ! urethral opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0006566 name: left ventricle myocardium def: "Myocardium of ventricle which is continuous with the tunica media of aorta.[FMA]" [FMA:9558, FMA:FMA] synonym: "Left ventricular myocardium" EXACT [FMA:9558] synonym: "myocardium of left ventricle" EXACT [FMA:9558] xref: FMA:9558 xref: MA:0002983 xref: SCTID:362021000 is_a: UBERON:0001083 ! myocardium of ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0001083 ! myocardium of ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003618 ! aorta tunica media relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006567 name: right ventricle myocardium def: "Myocardium of ventricle which is continuous with the tunica media of the pulmonary trunk.[FMA]" [FMA:9535, FMA:FMA] synonym: "myocardium of right ventricle" EXACT [FMA:9535] synonym: "Right ventricular myocardium" EXACT [FMA:9535] xref: FMA:9535 xref: MA:0002984 xref: SCTID:362020004 is_a: UBERON:0001083 ! myocardium of ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 intersection_of: UBERON:0001083 ! myocardium of ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0006563 ! tunica media of pulmonary trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006568 name: hypothalamic nucleus synonym: "nucleus of hypothalamus" EXACT [FMA:258762] xref: BTO:0002449 xref: FMA:258762 xref: MA:0002426 xref: SCTID:279304003 is_a: UBERON:0003048 ! regional part of hypothalamus is_a: UBERON:0006569 ! diencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0006569 name: diencephalic nucleus xref: TAO:0002191 xref: ZFA:0001659 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0006570 name: trabecula carnea of right ventricle synonym: "trabeculae carneae (ventriculus dexter)" EXACT [FMA:7270] xref: FMA:7270 xref: SCTID:192373001 is_a: UBERON:0002511 ! trabecula carnea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 intersection_of: UBERON:0002511 ! trabecula carnea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006571 name: trabecula carnea of left ventricle synonym: "trabeculae carneae (ventriculus sinister)" EXACT [FMA:7271] xref: FMA:7271 xref: SCTID:190344008 is_a: UBERON:0002511 ! trabecula carnea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0002511 ! trabecula carnea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0006574 name: pectinate line def: "The pectinate line (anocutaneous line, dentate line, anorectal junction) is a line which divides the upper 2/3rds and lower 1/3rd of the anal canal. Developmentally, this line represents the hindgut-proctodeum junction. It is an important anatomical landmark, and several distinctions can be made based upon the location of a structure relative to this line:" [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line] comment: FMA also has FMA:29321 but it's not clear how this differs synonym: "dentate line" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line] synonym: "Hilton's 'white line'" RELATED [EMAPA:19159] synonym: "linea anocutanea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line] synonym: "pectinate line of anal canal" EXACT [FMA:75383] synonym: "recto-anal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pectinate_line] synonym: "site of anal membrane" RELATED [EMAPA:19159] xref: EMAPA:19159 xref: FMA:75383 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Hemorrhoid.png xref: ncithesaurus:Pectinate_Line xref: SCTID:245445008 xref: Wikipedia:Pectinate_line is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000931 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001046 intersection_of: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000931 ! proctodeum intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000931 ! proctodeum relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal [Term] id: UBERON:0006575 name: mantle def: "A fold or lobe or pair of lobes of the body wall of a mollusk or brachiopod that in shell-bearing forms lines the shell and bears shell-secreting glands." [BTO:0000825, Wipikedia:Mantle_(mollusc)] synonym: "mantle tissue" RELATED [BTO:0000825] synonym: "pallium" RELATED [Wipikedia:Mantle_(mollusc)] xref: BTO:0000825 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0006580 name: mantle cavity def: "Within the shell is a fleshy layer of tissue called the mantle; there is a cavity (the mantle cavity) between the mantle and the body wall proper." [BTO:0000826] xref: BTO:0000826 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0006575 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0006575 ! mantle relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0006575 ! mantle [Term] id: UBERON:0006581 name: mantle muscle xref: BTO:0000827 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006575 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006575 ! mantle relationship: part_of UBERON:0006575 ! mantle [Term] id: UBERON:0006582 name: statolith def: "Acellular mineralized structure located in the statocyst (balance organ) of some aquatic invertebrates[WP,CJM]." [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0006583 ! statocyst property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 [Term] id: UBERON:0006583 name: statocyst def: "Acellular mineralized structure located in the statocyst (balance organ) of some aquatic invertebrates[WP]." [Wikipedia:Statocyst] comment: todo - add statolith organ subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 [Term] id: UBERON:0006585 name: vestibular organ synonym: "balance organ" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2519 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0004681 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004681 ! vestibular system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004681 ! vestibular system [Term] id: UBERON:0006586 name: otolymph xref: MA:0002527 xref: ncithesaurus:Otolymph is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear [Term] id: UBERON:0006587 name: ligamentum venosum def: "The ligamentum venosum is the fibrous remnant of the ductus venosus of the fetal circulation. Usually, it is attached to the left branch of the portal vein within the porta hepatis (gateway to the liver). It may be continuous with the round ligament of liver (ligamentum teres hepatis). It is invested by the peritoneal folds of the lesser omentum within a fissure on the inferior surface of the liver between the caudate and main parts of the left lobe." [Wikipedia:Ligamentum_venosum] synonym: "ligament of arantius" EXACT [FMA:14080] synonym: "ligamentum venosum (ductus venosus)" EXACT [FMA:14080] synonym: "ligamentum venosum of liver" EXACT [FMA:14080] synonym: "ligamentum venosus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ligamentum_venosum] xref: FMA:14080 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Gray1087-liver.png xref: SCTID:80391004 is_a: UBERON:0006592 {source="FMA"} ! transformed vein relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002083 ! ductus venosus [Term] id: UBERON:0006588 name: round ligament of liver def: "a degenerative string of tissue that exists in the free edge of the falciform ligament of the liver. Anatomically, the round ligament divides the left part of the liver into medial and lateral sections. The round ligament represents the remnant of the fetal left umbilical vein. The round ligament therefore only exists in mammals. Prenatally and for a month or two after birth, the left umbilical vein is patent, subsequently degenerating to fibrous tissue, the round ligament. The umbilical vein/round ligament inserts around the umbilicus and is an important landmark of the inner surface of the anterior abdominal wall[WP]." [Wikipedia:Round_ligament_of_liver] synonym: "ligamentum teres" BROAD [Wikipedia:Round_ligament_of_liver] synonym: "ligamentum teres hepatis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14079, FMA:TA] synonym: "ligamentum teres hepatitis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Round_ligament_of_liver] synonym: "ligamentum teres of liver" EXACT [FMA:14079] xref: FMA:14079 xref: ncithesaurus:Round_Ligament_of_the_Liver xref: SCTID:262209009 is_a: UBERON:0006592 ! transformed vein disjoint_from: UBERON:0006589 ! round ligament of uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0006589 name: round ligament of uterus def: "The round ligament of the uterus originates at the uterine horns, in the parametrium. It leaves the pelvis via the deep inguinal ring, passes through the inguinal canal and continues on to the labia majora where its fibers spread and mix with the tissue of the mons pubis[WP]. A fibromuscular band that attaches to the uterus and then passes along the broad ligament, out through the inguinal ring, and into the labium majus[MESH]." [MESH:A.02.513.803, Wikipedia:Round_ligament_of_uterus] synonym: "Hunter's ligament" EXACT [FMA:20420] synonym: "ligamentum teres of uterus" EXACT [] synonym: "ligamentum teres uteri" EXACT [Wikipedia:Round_ligament_of_uterus] synonym: "ligamentum teres uteri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Round_ligament_of_uterus] synonym: "round ligament" BROAD [GAID:130] synonym: "round ligament of the uterus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Round_ligament_of_uterus] xref: FMA:20420 xref: GAID:130 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Gray1138.png xref: ncithesaurus:Round_Ligament_of_the_Uterus xref: SCTID:245495009 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008845 {source="FMA"} ! nonskeletal ligament relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004346 {source="Wikipedia"} ! gubernaculum [Term] id: UBERON:0006590 name: vestigial embryonic structure def: "Anatomical structure which is a remnant of an embryonic structure in the postnatal period. Examples: median umbilical ligament, paroohoron, prostatic utricle, ligamentum arteriosum.[FMA]" [FMA:16558, FMA:FMA] xref: FMA:16558 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0006591 name: transformed artery xref: FMA:14076 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006590 ! vestigial embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001637 intersection_of: UBERON:0006590 ! vestigial embryonic structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006592 name: transformed vein xref: FMA:14078 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006590 ! vestigial embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001638 intersection_of: UBERON:0006590 ! vestigial embryonic structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006594 name: chorda gubernaculum def: "A portion of the gubernaculum testis and round ligament that develops in the body wall of the embryo." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] xref: BTO:0002814 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0006590 ! vestigial embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004346 ! gubernaculum [Term] id: UBERON:0006595 name: presumptive endoderm xref: AAO:0000471 xref: EFO:0003437 xref: TAO:0000416 xref: ZFA:0000416 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure [Term] id: UBERON:0006596 name: presumptive blood xref: AAO:0000468 xref: EFO:0003439 xref: TAO:0000568 xref: ZFA:0000568 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure [Term] id: UBERON:0006597 name: quadrate bone def: "Ossified pars articularis of the palatoquadrate cartilage." [AAO:0000525, Wikipedia:Quadrate_bone] comment: Taxon notes: In snakes, the quadrate bone has become elongated and very mobile, and contributes greatly to their ability to swallow very large prey items. In mammals the articular and quadrate bones have migrated to the middle ear and are known as the malleus and incus. AO notes: Endochondral bone that commonly articulates with the ectopterygoid anteriorly, the metapterygoid dorsally, and the symplectic postero-medially. The quadrate is formed from the posterior part of the palatoquadrate cartilage, or pars quadrata. The quadrate is a paired bone.[TAO:0000621] synonym: "quadrate" EXACT [TAO:0000621] synonym: "quadrate - incus" BROAD [VHOG:0000689] synonym: "quadrate bone" EXACT [AAO:0000525] xref: AAO:0000525 xref: EFO:0003547 xref: TAO:0000621 xref: VHOG:0000689 xref: ZFA:0000621 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004752 {source="ZFA"} ! palatoquadrate cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0003108 {source="AAO"} ! suspensorium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps quadrate-hyomandibula joint (TAO:0001801)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000621", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps quadrate-metapterygoid joint (TAO:0001803)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000621", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_comment "The quadrate commonly has a triangular shape, with its lower vertex, or condyle, for articulation with the lower jaw, and an elongate postero-ventral or postero-dorsal elongate process. The presence of an elongate postero-ventral or postero-dorsal process is a synapomorphy of teleosts (Arratia and Schultze, 1990; Arratia, 1999).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000621", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone that commonly articulates with the ectopterygoid anteriorly, the metapterygoid dorsally, and the symplectic postero-medially. The quadrate is formed from the posterior part of the palatoquadrate cartilage, or pars quadrata. The quadrate is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000621", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:GA_TG"} property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0001688 {source="Wikipedia:Incus"} property_value: homology_notes "According to this theory (Reichert-Gaupp theory), the mammalian stapes is derived from the reptilian columella, the incus from the quadrate and the malleus from the articular (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000689", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S0022215100009087 Gerrie J, The phylogeny of the mammalian tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1948", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 [Term] id: UBERON:0006598 name: presumptive structure synonym: "presumptive structures" EXACT [ZFA:0001116] xref: AAO:0000479 xref: TAO:0001116 xref: ZFA:0001116 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006599 name: presumptive hypochord xref: AAO:0000474 xref: EFO:0003453 xref: TAO:0001217 xref: ZFA:0001217 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure [Term] id: UBERON:0006600 name: presumptive enteric nervous system xref: AAO:0000472 xref: EFO:0003462 xref: TAO:0001334 xref: ZFA:0001334 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005428 {source="NBK10065"} ! vagal neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0006601 name: presumptive ectoderm comment: Editors note: requires review. ZFA def: Presumptive structure at the animal poll of the blastula that will develop into ectoderm via the epiblast. Determined by fate mapping synonym: "presumptive epidermis" RELATED [ZFA:0001376] xref: AAO:0000470 xref: EFO:0003466 xref: TAO:0001376 xref: XAO:0004132 xref: ZFA:0001376 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure [Term] id: UBERON:0006603 name: presumptive mesoderm comment: Editors note: requires review xref: AAO:0000476 xref: EFO:0003467 xref: TAO:0001377 xref: ZFA:0001377 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure [Term] id: UBERON:0006604 name: lamina orbitonasalis def: "Cranial cartilage which is bilaterally paired and develops as a dorsal plate-like projection of the anterolateral ethmoid plate, which are oriented perpendicular to the ethmoid plate. It fuses dorsally to the taenia marginalis anterior, and it joins the ethmoid cartilage medially." [ZFA:0001503] synonym: "laminas orbitonasalis" EXACT [ZFA:0001503] xref: AAO:0000262 xref: TAO:0001503 xref: ZFA:0001503 is_a: UBERON:0003932 ! cartilaginous element of chondrocranium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium property_value: external_definition "In the larva, structure that is fused to the wall of the braincase, lateral to the olfactory foramen, and separates the nasal capsule and orbit. In the adult frog it constitutes the ventral part of postnasal wall.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000262", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006605 name: tectum synoticum def: "Unpaired thin dorsal sheet of cartilage that partially covers the posterior chondrocranium." [ZFA:0001506] comment: AAO def - "Roof between frontoparietal foramen and otic capsules, confluent with taenia tecti marginales." [AAO:0010129]. In TAO/ZFA this gives rise to supraoccipital and sphenotic // posterior tectum synoticum in humans - a skull roof element of the chondrocranium - temporarily exists in the territory of the interparietal during fetal life, and may be resposible for the sutura mendosa [PMC1259625] xref: AAO:0010129 xref: TAO:0001506 xref: ZFA:0001506 is_a: UBERON:0003932 {source="ZFA"} ! cartilaginous element of chondrocranium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 {source="ZFA"} ! neurocranium property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010129", ontology="AAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of otic and occipital (AAO:0000993)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010129", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Roof between frontoparietal foramen and otic capsules, confluent with taenia tecti marginales.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010129", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006606 name: mandibular symphysis def: "A cartilaginous joint that connects left and right mandibles/dentary bones. Mandibular symphysis is unpaired[TAO,modified]." [TAO:wd, Wikipedia:Symphysis_menti, ZFA:0005488] comment: Taxon notes: in snakes, the mandibular symphysis is composed of soft tissues, allowing independent movement of each mandible[Kardong] Editor notes: this is placed as part of lower jaw region, as in this ontology the skeleton does not include joints subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "dentary symphysis" EXACT [TAO:0001851] synonym: "inter-dentary joint" EXACT [TAO:0001851] synonym: "inter-mandibular joint" EXACT [TAO:0001851] synonym: "mental symphysis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Symphysis_menti] synonym: "symphysis mandibulae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Symphysis_menti] synonym: "symphysis menti" EXACT [MA:0001490] xref: AAO:0000277 xref: FMA:75779 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray176.png xref: MA:0001490 xref: TAO:0001851 xref: ZFA:0005488 is_a: UBERON:0002216 {source="FMA"} ! symphysis is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: connects UBERON:0004742 {notes="connects adjacent mandibles"} ! dentary relationship: connects UBERON:0004742 {cardinality="2"} ! dentary relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region property_value: external_definition "Joint that articulates the left and right dentary bones. Mandibular symphysis is unpaired.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001851", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006607 name: medial umbilical ligament def: "The medial umbilical ligament is a paired structure found in human anatomy. It is on the deep surface of the anterior abdominal wall, and is covered by the medial umbilical folds." [Wikipedia:Medial_umbilical_ligament] synonym: "chorda arteria umbilicalis; ligamentum umbilicale mediale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_umbilical_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum umbilicale mediale" EXACT [FMA:14077] synonym: "medial umbilical fold" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_umbilical_ligament] synonym: "medial umbilical ligaments" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_umbilical_ligament] xref: FMA:14077 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Gray1037.png xref: SCTID:279427007 is_a: UBERON:0006591 ! transformed artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006608 name: corpus cavernosum clitoridis def: "The corpus cavernosum clitoridis is one of a pair of sponge-like regions of erectile tissue which contain most of the blood in the clitoris during clitoral erection. This is homologous to the corpus cavernosum penis in the male; the body of the clitoris contains erectile tissue in a pair of corpora cavernosa (literally \"cave-like bodies\"), with a recognisably similar structure." [Wikipedia:Corpus_cavernosum_of_clitoris] synonym: "cavernous body of clitoris" RELATED [BTO:0002018] synonym: "clitoral corpus cavernosum" RELATED [BTO:0002018] synonym: "corpus cavernosum" RELATED [BTO:0002018] synonym: "corpus cavernosum clitoridis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corpus_cavernosum_of_clitoris] synonym: "corpus cavernosum of clitoris" EXACT [FMA:20172] xref: BTO:0002018 xref: FMA:20172 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Clitoris_inner_anatomy.gif xref: SCTID:16657007 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0006609 ! corpus cavernosum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 intersection_of: UBERON:0006609 ! corpus cavernosum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0006609 name: corpus cavernosum def: "." [Wikipedia:Corpus_cavernosum] is_a: UBERON:0008324 ! erectile tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0006610 name: tunica albuginea def: "White covering over one of: penis, testicles or ovaries." [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea] is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003133 ! reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0006611 name: exoskeleton def: "Exoskeleton or shell, including those of mollusks, turtles, insects and crustaceans." [Wikipedia:Exoskeleton] comment: Editors note: consider adding a separate class for dermal skeleton. See also xref: XAO:0004025 subset: grouping_class synonym: "shell" RELATED [BTO:0004659] synonym: "test" NARROW [] xref: BTO:0004659 is_a: UBERON:0002199 ! integument [Term] id: UBERON:0006612 name: shell def: "A rigid covering that envelops an object." [ncithesaurus:Shell, Wikipedia:Seashell] comment: Editor notes: may be obsoleted after integumental system overhaul subset: grouping_class xref: ncithesaurus:Shell is_a: UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system [Term] id: UBERON:0006614 name: aponeurosis def: "Aponeuroses are layers of flat broad tendons. They have a shiny, whitish-silvery color, and are histologically similar to tendons, but are very sparingly supplied with blood vessels and nerves. When dissected, aponeuroses are papery, and peel off by sections. The primary regions with thick aponeurosis is in the ventral abdominal region, the dorsal lumbar region, and in the palmar region. Their primary function is to join muscles and the body parts the muscles act upon." [Wikipedia:Aponeurosis] comment: AO notes: in ZFA, aponeuroses are subtypes of tendons, but this is inconsistent with tendons being muscle-bone connections synonym: "aponeuroses" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Aponeurosis] synonym: "aponeurotic" RELATED [Wikipedia:Aponeurosis] xref: AEO:0000092 xref: EHDAA2:0003092 xref: FMA:9722 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Aponeurosis.png xref: ncithesaurus:Aponeurosis xref: SCTID:331712004 xref: ZFA:0005652 is_a: UBERON:0000158 {source="FMA"} ! membranous layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 {source="FMA"} ! muscle organ [Term] id: UBERON:0006615 name: venous sinus def: "a large vein or channel for the circulation of venous blood" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/venous+sinus] comment: todo - add subclasses xref: MA:0000070 xref: ncithesaurus:Venous_Sinus xref: SCTID:341586007 is_a: UBERON:0003920 ! venous blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0006616 name: right external ear synonym: "right auricular region" BROAD [FMA:53643] xref: FMA:53643 xref: SCTID:368567003 is_a: UBERON:0001691 ! external ear relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0001691 ! external ear intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0006617 name: left external ear synonym: "left auricular region" BROAD [FMA:53644] xref: FMA:53644 xref: SCTID:368589004 is_a: UBERON:0001691 ! external ear relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0001691 ! external ear intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0006618 name: atrium auricular region def: "A small conical pouch projections located on the upper anterior portion of each atrium of the heart." [MP:0010489, Wikipedia:Auricular_appendage] synonym: "atrial auricle" EXACT [MP:0010489] synonym: "auricle of atrium" EXACT [FMA:77110] synonym: "auricle of heart" EXACT [FMA:77110] synonym: "auricula (cor)" EXACT [FMA:77110] synonym: "auricula atrii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77110, FMA:TA] synonym: "auricular appendage" EXACT [] synonym: "cardiac auricle" EXACT [FMA:77110] synonym: "heart atrium auriclular region" EXACT [MP:0010489] xref: FMA:77110 xref: MA:0002955 xref: SCTID:305223006 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="EHDAA2"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0006630 name: left atrium auricular region def: "a muscular pouch connected to the left atrium of the heart" [Wikipedia:Left_atrial_appendage] synonym: "auricula sinistra" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage] synonym: "auricula sinistra" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Left_atrial_appendage] synonym: "left atrial appendage" RELATED [MA:0001869] synonym: "left auricle" EXACT [FMA:7219] synonym: "left auricula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage] synonym: "left auricular appendage" RELATED [FMA:7219] synonym: "left auricular appendix" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage] synonym: "left auricular region" BROAD [EMAPA:16816] xref: EHDAA2:0000276 xref: EHDAA:5343 xref: EMAPA:16816 xref: FMA:7219 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray494.png xref: MA:0001869 xref: SCTID:277930000 xref: VHOG:0001229 is_a: UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002079 intersection_of: UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002079 ! left atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0006631 name: right atrium auricular region def: "a small conical muscular pouch attached to the right atrium of the heart." [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage] synonym: "auricula dextra" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage] synonym: "right atrial appendage" RELATED [MA:0001870] synonym: "right auricle" EXACT [FMA:7218] synonym: "right auricula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage] synonym: "right auricular appendage" RELATED [FMA:7218] synonym: "right auricular region" BROAD [EMAPA:16824] synonym: "right auriculur appendix" EXACT [Wikipedia:Right_atrial_appendage] xref: EHDAA2:0000291 xref: EHDAA:5352 xref: EMAPA:16824 xref: FMA:7218 xref: MA:0001870 xref: SCTID:277713005 xref: VHOG:0001232 is_a: UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 intersection_of: UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0006632 name: musculo-phrenic artery synonym: "musculophrenic artery" EXACT [FMA:10645] xref: EMAPA:19215 xref: FMA:10645 xref: SCTID:244242003 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0002456 ! internal thoracic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002456 ! internal thoracic artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006633 name: coracoid process of scapula def: "The coracoid process is a small hook-like structure on the lateral edge of the superior anterior portion of the scapula. Pointing laterally forward, it, together with the acromion, serves to stabilize the shoulder joint. It is palpable in the deltopectoral groove between the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles. It is the site of attachment for several structures: * The pectoralis minor muscle - to 3rd to 5th ribs. * The short head of biceps brachii muscle - to Radial tuberosity. * The coracobrachialis muscle - to medial humerus. * The coracoclavicular ligament - to the clavicle. (The ligament is formed by the conoid ligament and trapezoid ligament.) * The coracoacromial ligament - to the acromion[WP]." [Wikipedia:Coracoid_process] synonym: "coracoid process" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coracoid_process] synonym: "coracoid process of the scapula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coracoid_process] synonym: "processus coracoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coracoid_process] xref: EMAPA:25121 xref: FMA:13455 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png xref: SCTID:181912007 is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="FMA"} ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 {source="FMA", source="EMAPA"} ! pectoral limb scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0006634 name: lingual vein def: "The lingual veins begin on the dorsum, sides, and under surface of the tongue, and, passing backward along the course of the lingual artery, end in the internal jugular vein. The vena comitans of the hypoglossal nerve (ranine vein), a branch of considerable size, begins below the tip of the tongue, and may join the lingual; generally, however, it passes backward on the Hyoglossus, and joins the common facial." [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins] synonym: "deep lingual veins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins] synonym: "lingual vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins] synonym: "ranine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins] synonym: "ranine vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins] synonym: "vena lingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lingual_veins] xref: AAO:0010514 xref: EMAPA:19312 xref: FMA:14326 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Gray559.png xref: SCTID:181375007 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein property_value: external_definition "Vein which collects blood from the tongue and drains into the external jugular vein.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010514", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006635 name: anterior abdominal wall synonym: "ventral abdominal wall" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA:5976 xref: EMAPA:17744 xref: FMA:14627 xref: SCTID:362696003 xref: VHOG:0000764 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0003697 ! abdominal wall [Term] id: UBERON:0006636 name: lumbar artery def: "The lumbar arteries are in series with the intercostals. They are usually four in number on either side, and arise from the back of the aorta, opposite the bodies of the upper four lumbar vertebrC&. A fifth pair, small in size, is occasionally present: they arise from the middle sacral artery. They run lateralward and backward on the bodies of the lumbar vertebrC&, behind the sympathetic trunk, to the intervals between the adjacent transverse processes, and are then continued into the abdominal wall. The arteries of the right side pass behind the inferior vena cava, and the upper two on each side run behind the corresponding crus of the diaphragm. The arteries of both sides pass beneath the tendinous arches which give origin to the Psoas major, and are then continued behind this muscle and the lumbar plexus. They now cross the Quadratus lumborum, the upper three arteries running behind, the last usually in front of the muscle. At the lateral border of the Quadratus lumborum they pierce the posterior aponeurosis of the Transversus abdominis and are carried forward between this muscle and the Obliquus internus. They anastomose with the lower intercostal, the subcostal, the iliolumbar, the deep iliac circumflex, and the inferior epigastric arteries." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_arteries] synonym: "arteria lumbalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lumbar_arteries] synonym: "arteriae lumbales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lumbar_arteries] synonym: "Lumbar arterial tree" EXACT [FMA:14735] synonym: "lumbar artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lumbar_arteries] xref: EMAPA:19096 xref: FMA:14735 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Artery xref: SCTID:244285007 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006637 name: coeliac trunk def: "The celiac artery, also known as the celiac trunk, is the first major branch of the abdominal aorta. Branching from the aorta 'anterior to the upper part of T12' vertebra in humans, it is one of three anterior/ midline branches of the abdominal aorta." [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "arteria celiaca" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "celiac axis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "celiac trunk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "coeliac axis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "coeliac trunck" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "coeliac trunk" EXACT [FMA:14812] synonym: "coeliac trunk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] synonym: "coeliaco-mesenteric trunk" EXACT [FMA:14812] synonym: "Haller's tripus" EXACT [FMA:14812] synonym: "truncus coeliacus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Celiac_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0004519 xref: EMAPA:19212 xref: FMA:14812 xref: galen:CeliacTrunk is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001640 ! celiac artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006638 name: median umbilical ligament def: "The median umbilical ligament is a structure in human anatomy. It is a shrivelled piece of tissue that represents the remnant of the embryonic urachus. It extends from the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus, on the deep surface of the anterior abdominal wall. It is unpaired. It is covered by the median umbilical fold Lateral to this structure are the medial umbilical ligament (which is a different structure, not to be confused) and the lateral umbilical ligament." [Wikipedia:Median_umbilical_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum umbilicale medianum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Median_umbilical_ligament] synonym: "median umbilical fold" RELATED [Wikipedia:Median_umbilical_ligament] synonym: "middle umbilical ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Median_umbilical_ligament] xref: EMAPA:29637 xref: FMA:16568 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Gray1036.png xref: SCTID:89583000 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002068 ! urachus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0006639 name: crus penis def: "For their anterior three-fourths the corpora cavernosa penis lie in intimate apposition with one another, but behind they diverge in the form of two tapering processes, known as the crura, which are firmly connected to the ischial rami. Traced from behind forward, each crus begins by a blunt-pointed process in front of the tuberosity of the ischium, along the perineal surface of the conjoined (ischiopubic) ramus. Just before it meets its fellow it presents a slight enlargement, named by Georg Ludwig Kobelt (1804-1857) the bulb of the corpus cavernosum penis. Beyond this point the crus undergoes a constriction and merges into the corpus cavernosum proper, which retains a uniform diameter to its anterior end." [Wikipedia:Crus_of_penis] synonym: "crura of penis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Crus_of_penis] synonym: "crus of penis" EXACT [FMA:18248] synonym: "crus penis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Crus_of_penis] xref: EMAPA:19294 xref: FMA:18248 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Gray1154.png xref: SCTID:362270006 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004713 ! corpus cavernosum penis [Term] id: UBERON:0006640 name: crus of clitoris def: "The clitoral crura are an internal portion of the clitoris. A single one is called a clitoral crus. They are shaped like an inverted \"V\" with the vertex of the \"V\" connecting to the clitoral body. They are near the vestibular bulbs, also known as the clitoral bulbs. They are to the left and right of the urethra, urethral sponge, and vagina and extend back toward the pubic bone. The clitoral crura contain muscles called the ischiocavernosi. \"Crus\" basically translates as \"leg\", thus \"crura\" as \"legs\". Each clitoral crus connects to the rami of the pubis and the ischium. The crura, like the rest of the clitoris, are composed of two corpus cavernosa muscles, which are made up of erectile tissue." [Wikipedia:Crus_of_clitoris] synonym: "Clitoris crus" EXACT [FMA:20175] synonym: "crura of clitoris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Clitoral_crura] synonym: "crus clitoridis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Clitoral_crura] synonym: "crus of clitoris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Clitoral_crura] xref: EMAPA:19169 xref: EMAPA:30821 xref: FMA:20175 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Clitoris_inner_anatomy.gif xref: SCTID:279860002 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0006608 ! corpus cavernosum clitoridis [Term] id: UBERON:0006641 name: appendix epididymis def: "On the head of the epididymis is a small stalked appendage (sometimes duplicated). It is named the appendix of the epididymis (or pedunculated hydatid), and is usually regarded as a detached efferent duct. This structure is derived from the Wolffian duct as opposed to the appendix testis which is derived from the mullerian duct remnant." [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_epididymidis] synonym: "appendix epididymidis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_epididymidis] synonym: "appendix epididymis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_epididymidis] synonym: "appendix of epididymis" EXACT [FMA:18268] synonym: "appendix of the epididymis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_epididymidis] synonym: "epididymal appendix" EXACT [FMA:18268] synonym: "epididymis appendix" EXACT [FMA:18268] xref: EMAPA:19086 xref: FMA:18268 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray1148.png is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005160 ! vestigial structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0006642 name: muscle layer of oviduct synonym: "muscle layer of fallopian tube" EXACT [FMA:18318] synonym: "muscle layer of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18318] synonym: "muscle layer of uterine tube" EXACT [FMA:18318] synonym: "muscular coat of uterine tube" EXACT [FMA:18318] synonym: "muscular layer of uterine tube" EXACT [FMA:18318] synonym: "muscularis of uterine tube" EXACT [FMA:18318] synonym: "tunica muscularis (Tuba uterina)" EXACT [FMA:18318] synonym: "tunica muscularis tubae uterinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:18318, FMA:TA] synonym: "uterine tubal muscularis" EXACT [FMA:18318] xref: EMAPA:29046 xref: FMA:18318 xref: SCTID:259488000 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0003889 intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube [Term] id: UBERON:0006643 name: tunica albuginea of testis def: "The Tunica Albuginea is the fibrous covering of the testis. It is a dense blue-white membrane, composed of bundles of white fibrous tissue which interlace in every direction. It is covered by the tunica vaginalis, except at the points of attachment of the epididymis to the testis, and along its posterior border, where the spermatic vessels enter the gland. It is applied to the tunica vasculosa over the glandular substance of the testis, and, at its posterior border, is reflected into the interior of the gland, forming an incomplete vertical septum, called the mediastinum testis (corpus Highmori)." [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_of_testis_%28ovaries%29_%28penis%29_of_testis] synonym: "tunica albuginea" BROAD [EHDAA2:0002096, ncithesaurus:Tunica_Albuginea, VHOG:0000801] synonym: "tunica albuginea %28testicles%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_of_testis] synonym: "tunica albuginea (testis)" EXACT [FMA:19843] synonym: "tunica albuginea testis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_of_testis] xref: EHDAA2:0002096 xref: EHDAA:9388 xref: EMAPA:19289 xref: FMA:19843 xref: ncithesaurus:Tunica_Albuginea xref: SCTID:279604006 xref: VHOG:0000801 is_a: UBERON:0006610 ! tunica albuginea is_a: UBERON:0007475 {source="EHDAA2"} ! matrix-based tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 intersection_of: UBERON:0006610 ! tunica albuginea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003312 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme of testis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000473 ! testis property_value: external_definition "The layer of connective tissue covering the testicles. [Wikipedia_(15/09/09)][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000801", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The tunica albuginea testis is the major component of the capsule of mammalian testes. (...) Our results from studying the mole provide evidence that the spatio-temporal pattern of testis development is not perfectly conserved in mammals, since we found differences with respect to the mouse testis organogenesis. This fact is even more significant when we consider that, apart from the mouse, the mole is probably the one of the best-known mammalian species in terms of the genetic control of testis development, implying that more peculiarities would be found if more species were investigated.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000801", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1387/ijdb.072470fc The spatio-temporal pattern of testis organogenesis in mammals - insights from the mole. The International Journal of Developmental Biology (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006644 name: tunica albuginea of ovary def: "The tunica albuginea is the fibrous envelope of the corpora cavernosa penis. It is comprised of approximately 5% elastin, an extensible tissue that is primarily made up of the amino acids glycine, valine, alanine, and proline. The majority of the remaining tissue is comprised of collagen, which is made up of lysine, proline, glycine, alanine, and other amino acids . The tunica albuginea is directly involved in maintaining an erection; that is due to Buck's fascia constricting the deep dorsal vein of the penis, preventing blood from leaving and thus sustaining the erect state. The trabeculC& of the tunica albuginea are more delicate, nearly uniform in size, and the meshes between them smaller than in the corpora cavernosa penis: their long diameters, for the most part, corresponding with that of the penis. The external envelope or outer coat of the corpus spongiosum is formed partly of unstriped muscular fibers, and a layer of the same tissue immediately surrounds the canal of the urethra." [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_of_testis_%28ovaries%29_%28penis%29_%28penis%29] synonym: "tunica albuginea corporum cavernosorum, tunica albuginea corporis spongiosi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tunica_albuginea_%28penis%29] xref: EMAPA:30522 xref: FMA:18630 xref: SCTID:258409003 is_a: UBERON:0006610 ! tunica albuginea relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 intersection_of: UBERON:0006610 ! tunica albuginea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0001307 ! capsule of ovary [Term] id: UBERON:0006645 name: adventitia of epididymis synonym: "epididymis adventitia" EXACT [FMA:19136] xref: EMAPA:30443 xref: FMA:19136 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005742 ! adventitia relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 intersection_of: UBERON:0005742 ! adventitia intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0006646 name: muscle layer of epididymis xref: EMAPA:30447 xref: EMAPA:30747 xref: FMA:19149 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0006647 name: adventitia of ductus deferens synonym: "adventitia of deferent duct" EXACT [FMA:19238] synonym: "Adventitia of ductus deferens" EXACT [FMA:19238] synonym: "Adventitia of vas deferens" EXACT [FMA:19238] synonym: "Deferent ductal adventitia" EXACT [FMA:19238] synonym: "Tunica adventitia (Ductus deferens)" EXACT [FMA:19238] synonym: "tunica adventitia ductus deferentis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19238, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:29767 xref: FMA:19238 xref: SCTID:299803005 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005742 ! adventitia relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 intersection_of: UBERON:0005742 ! adventitia intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens relationship: part_of UBERON:0001000 ! vas deferens [Term] id: UBERON:0006648 name: adventitia of seminal vesicle synonym: "Adventitia of seminal gland" EXACT [FMA:19403] synonym: "Seminal vesicle adventitia" EXACT [FMA:19403] synonym: "Tunica adventitia (Vesicula seminalis)" EXACT [FMA:19403] synonym: "tunica adventitia glandulae vesiculosae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19403, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:29775 xref: FMA:19403 xref: SCTID:252406002 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005742 ! adventitia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 intersection_of: UBERON:0005742 ! adventitia intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0006649 name: suspensory ligament of ovary def: "A fold of peritoneum that extends out from the ovary to the wall of the pelvis. " [Wikipedia:Cooper%27s_ligaments_of_penis_of_ovary] comment: Some sources consider it a part of the broad ligament of uterus[2] while other sources just consider it a "termination" of the ligament.[3] synonym: "infundibulopelvic fold" EXACT [FMA:19822] synonym: "infundibulopelvic ligament" EXACT [FMA:19822] xref: EMAPA:19085 xref: FMA:19822 xref: SCTID:279917007 is_a: UBERON:0002095 {source="FMA"} ! mesentery is_a: UBERON:0008841 {source="Obol"} ! suspensory ligament disjoint_from: UBERON:0008847 ! ovarian ligament relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000080 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mesonephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mesonephric duct [Term] id: UBERON:0006650 name: tunica vaginalis testis def: "The tunica vaginalis is the serous covering of the testis. It is a pouch of serous membrane, derived from the saccus vaginalis of the peritoneum, which in the fetus preceded the descent of the testis from the abdomen into the scrotum. After its descent, that portion of the pouch which extends from the abdominal inguinal ring to near the upper part of the gland becomes obliterated; the lower portion remains as a shut sac, which invests the surface of the testis, and is reflected on to the internal surface of the scrotum; hence it may be described as consisting of a visceral and a parietal lamina." [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis] synonym: "lamina parietalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis] synonym: "lamina visceralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis] synonym: "tunica vaginalis of testis" EXACT [FMA:19844] synonym: "tunica vaginalis testis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis] synonym: "tunica vaginalis testis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tunica_vaginalis] xref: EMAPA:19179 xref: FMA:19844 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray1148.png is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005344 ! peritoneal vaginal process [Term] id: UBERON:0006651 name: appendix testis def: "The appendix testis is a vestigial remnant of the Mullerian duct, present on the upper pole of the testis and attached to the tunica vaginalis. It is present about 90% of the time." [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_testis] synonym: "appendices testis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_testis] synonym: "appendix of testis" EXACT [FMA:19846] synonym: "appendix of the testis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_testis] synonym: "appendix testis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_testis] synonym: "appendix testis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Appendix_of_testis] synonym: "Testis appendix" EXACT [FMA:19846] xref: EMAPA:19087 xref: FMA:19846 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray1148.png xref: SCTID:279601003 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006590 ! vestigial embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003890 ! Mullerian duct [Term] id: UBERON:0006652 name: muscular layer of vagina synonym: "Muscular coat of vagina" EXACT [FMA:19976] synonym: "tunica muscularis vaginae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19976, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:30997 xref: FMA:19976 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0006653 name: glans clitoris def: "Erectile tissue at the end of the clitoris, which is continuous with the intermediate part of the vestibulovaginal bulbs[BTO]. The clitoral glans (glans clitoridis) is an external portion of the clitoris[WP]." [BTO:0003117, Wikipedia:Clitoral_glans] synonym: "clitoris glans" EXACT [FMA:19999] synonym: "glans clitoridis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Clitoral_glans] synonym: "glans clitoris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Clitoral_glans] synonym: "glans of clitoris" EXACT [FMA:19999] xref: BTO:0003117 xref: EMAPA:19170 xref: EMAPA:30829 xref: FMA:19999 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Clitoris_inner_anatomy.gif xref: ncithesaurus:Glans_Clitoris xref: SCTID:362241002 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0008324 ! erectile tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0006233 ! female genital tubercle [Term] id: UBERON:0006654 name: perineal body def: "The perineal body (or central tendon of perineum) is a pyramidal fibromuscular mass in the middle line of the perineum at the junction between the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle . It is found in both males and females. In males, it is found between the bulb of penis and the anus; in females, is found between the vagina and anus, and about 1.25 cm in front of the latter. The perineal body is essential for the integrity of the pelvic floor, particularly in females. Its rupture during delivery leads to widening of the gap between the anterior free borders of levator ani muscle of both sides, thus predisposing the woman to prolapse of the uterus, rectum, or even the urinary bladder." [Wikipedia:Perineal_body] synonym: "central tendinous point" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perineal_body] synonym: "central tendinous point of the perineum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perineal_body] synonym: "central tendon of perineum" EXACT [FMA:20274] synonym: "central tendon of perineum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perineal_body] synonym: "corpus perineale, centrum tendineum perinei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Perineal_body] xref: EMAPA:17892 xref: EMAPA:18921 xref: FMA:20274 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Gray408.png xref: SCTID:367754000 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum [Term] id: UBERON:0006655 name: septum of scrotum synonym: "Scrotal septum" EXACT [FMA:20729] xref: EMAPA:29745 xref: FMA:20729 xref: SCTID:279591002 is_a: UBERON:0003037 ! septum is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001300 ! scrotum [Term] id: UBERON:0006656 name: deep dorsal vein of penis xref: EMAPA:19219 xref: FMA:21354 xref: SCTID:55433007 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0004803 ! penis epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 {source="FMA/obol"} ! internal iliac vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006657 name: glenoid fossa def: "Anatomical cavity for the proximal articular surface of the proximal limb or fin element with the scapulocoracoid or equivalent structure." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Glenoid_cavity] comment: Taxon notes: The glenoid fossa can be associated with the metapterygium in sarcopterygians, or either the meso- or propterygium in basal gnathostomes such as Chondrichthyans[ad]. AO notes: FMA also has classes for the bony parts around the cavity - these may be more useful than the cavity term itself synonym: "cavitas glenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Glenoid_cavity] synonym: "cavitas glenoidalis scapulae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23275, FMA:TA] synonym: "cavitus glenoidalis" EXACT [FMA:23275] synonym: "glenoid cavity" EXACT [FMA:23275] synonym: "glenoid cavity" RELATED [AAO:0000749] synonym: "glenoid cavity of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23275] xref: AAO:0000749 xref: EMAPA:25122 xref: FMA:23275 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Gray328.png xref: ncithesaurus:Glenoid_Fossa xref: SCTID:181914008 is_a: UBERON:0004704 ! bone fossa relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001124 {notes="to be revised after scapulocoracoid fixes"} ! pectoral limb scapula property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of scapular area (AAO:0000935)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000749", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Cavity for the articulation of the forelimb formed by the scapula, coracoid, and clavicle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000749", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006658 name: inter-phalangeal joint synonym: "inter-phalanx joint" EXACT [] synonym: "interphalangeal joint" EXACT [FMA:42765] xref: FMA:42765 xref: galen:InterphalangealJoint is_a: UBERON:0003841 ! autopod joint is_a: UBERON:0011139 ! synovial limb joint relationship: connects UBERON:0003221 {cardinality="2"} ! phalanx relationship: connects UBERON:0003221 {notes="two phalanges in series"} ! phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 {source="cjm"} ! digit [Term] id: UBERON:0006659 name: cruciate ligament of knee def: "One of a pair of ligaments arranged like a letter X.[1] They occur in several joints of the body, such as the knee. In a fashion similar to the cords in a toy Jacob's ladder, the crossed ligaments stabilize the joint while allowing a very large range of motion[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament] synonym: "cruciate ligament" BROAD [FMA:44611] synonym: "cruciform ligament" BROAD [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament] xref: FMA:44611 xref: galen:CruciateLigament is_a: UBERON:0011088 ! ligament of knee joint disjoint_from: UBERON:0011106 ! cruciate ligament of atlas relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 {source="FMA"} ! knee joint [Term] id: UBERON:0006660 name: muscle layer comment: TODO - add subclasses. See also: muscular coat synonym: "muscular layer" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "muscularis layer" EXACT [FMA:45634] xref: EMAPA:29034 xref: FMA:45634 xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Layer is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0006661 name: epicranial aponeurosis def: "The galea aponeurotica (epicranial aponeurosis, aponeurosis epicranialis) is a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue which covers the upper part of the cranium; behind, it is attached, in the interval between its union with the Occipitales, to the external occipital protuberance and highest nuchal lines of the occipital bone; in front, it forms a short and narrow prolongation between its union with the Frontales. On either side it gives origin to the Auriculares anterior and superior; in this situation it loses its aponeurotic character, and is continued over the temporal fascia to the zygomatic arch as a layer of laminated areolar tissue. It is closely connected to the integument by the firm, dense, fibro-fatty layer which forms the superficial fascia of the scalp: it is attached to the pericranium by loose cellular tissue, which allows the aponeurosis, carrying with it the integument to move through a considerable distance." [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica] synonym: "aponeurosis epicranialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46768, FMA:TA] synonym: "aponeurosis of epicranius" EXACT [FMA:46768] synonym: "cranial aponeurosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica] synonym: "Epicranial aponeurosis" EXACT [FMA:46768] synonym: "epicranial aponeurosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica] synonym: "Epicranius aponeurosis" EXACT [FMA:46768] synonym: "galea aponeurosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica] synonym: "Galea aponeurotica" EXACT [FMA:46768] synonym: "galea aponeurotica; aponeurosis epicranialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica] synonym: "galeal aponeurosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Galea_aponeurotica] xref: EMAPA:19210 xref: FMA:46768 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray378.png xref: SCTID:368677009 is_a: UBERON:0006614 ! aponeurosis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000403 {source="FMA"} ! scalp [Term] id: UBERON:0006662 name: musculo-phrenic vein synonym: "musculophrenic vein" EXACT [FMA:4732] xref: EMAPA:19222 xref: FMA:4732 xref: SCTID:1895000 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001589 ! internal thoracic vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001589 {source="FMA/obol"} ! internal thoracic vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006663 name: hemiazygos vein def: "The hemiazygos vein (vena azygos minor inferior) is a vein running superiorly in the lower thoracic region, just to the left side of the vertebral column." [Wikipedia:Hemiazygos_vein] comment: Taxon notes: The major anatomic variation between the pig and other mammalian species is the presence of the large left azygos vein, which enters the coronary sinus (Fig. 1). In other mammals, hemiazygos vein enters the pre- cava. synonym: "hemi-azygos vein" EXACT [FMA:4944] synonym: "hemiazygos" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hemiazygos_vein] synonym: "hemiazygos veins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hemiazygos_vein] synonym: "hemiazygous vein" EXACT [FMA:4944] synonym: "hemiazygous vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Hemiazygos_vein] synonym: "inferior hemi-azygos vein" EXACT [FMA:4944] synonym: "vena hemiazygos" EXACT LATIN [FMA:4944, FMA:TA] synonym: "vena hemiazygos" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hemiazygos_vein] xref: EHDAA2:0004534 xref: EMAPA:18251 xref: FMA:4944 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray480.png xref: SCTID:244408009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008267 {source="ISBN-10:0443065837"} ! left supracardinal vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001594 ! azygos vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001594 {source="FMA/obol"} ! azygos vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006664 name: greater palatine artery def: "The greater palatine artery is a terminal branch of the maxillary artery. It branches off of the maxillary artery in the pterygopalatine fossa and descends through the greater palatine foramen along with the greater palatine nerve and supplies the hard palate. It also anastomosis through the incisive canal with the sphenopalatine artery to supply the nasal cavity." [Wikipedia:Greater_palatine_artery] comment: todo - check for synonymy between greater and major; branch_of relation is made in FMA at level of descending GPA synonym: "arteria palatina major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_palatine_artery] synonym: "major palatine artery" EXACT [MA:0001993] xref: EMAPA:18754 xref: FMA:49795 xref: MA:0001993 xref: SCTID:312163002 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001616 ! maxillary artery [Term] id: UBERON:0006665 name: accessory hemiazygos vein def: "The accessory hemiazygos vein (vena azygos minor superior) is a vein on the left side of the vertebral column that generally drains the fifth through eighth intercostal spaces on the left side of the body[WP]." [Wikipedia:Accessory_hemiazygos_vein] comment: todo - add superclass synonym: "Accessory hemi-azygos vein" EXACT [FMA:5011] synonym: "Superior hemi-azygos vein" EXACT [FMA:5011] synonym: "Vena azygos accessoria" EXACT [FMA:5011] synonym: "vena hemiazygos accessoria" EXACT LATIN [FMA:5011, FMA:TA] synonym: "vena hemiazygos accessoria" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Accessory_hemiazygos_vein] xref: EMAPA:19217 xref: FMA:5011 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Gray480.png is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001594 {source="FMA/obol"} ! azygos vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006666 name: great cerebral vein of Galen synonym: "great cerebral vein" EXACT [FMA:50993] synonym: "great cerebral vein of Galen" EXACT [FMA:50993] synonym: "vein of Galen" EXACT [FMA:50993] xref: EMAPA:19311 xref: FMA:50993 xref: ncithesaurus:Great_Cerebral_Vein_of_Galen is_a: UBERON:0001663 ! cerebral vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006667 name: pituitary fossa synonym: "hypophyseal fossa" EXACT [FMA:54721] synonym: "hypophysial fossa" EXACT [FMA:54721] synonym: "pituitary fossa" EXACT [FMA:54721] xref: EMAPA:19195 xref: FMA:54721 xref: SCTID:264194004 is_a: UBERON:0002553 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0003689 ! sella turcica [Term] id: UBERON:0006668 name: carotid canal def: "On the interior surface of the temporal bone, behind the rough surface of the apex, is the large circular aperture of the carotid canal, which ascends at first vertically, and then, making a bend, runs horizontally forward and medialward. It transmits into the cranium, the internal carotid artery, and the carotid plexus of nerves. Sympathetics to the head also pass through the carotid canal. They have several motor functions: raise the eyelid (superior tarsal muscle), dilate pupil, innervate sweat glands of face and scalp and constricts blood vessels in head[WP]." [Wikipedia:Carotid_canal] synonym: "canalis caroticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Carotid_canal] xref: EMAPA:18707 xref: FMA:55805 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Gray141.png is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit [Term] id: UBERON:0006669 name: alveolar canal def: "The infratemporal surface of the maxilla is pierced about its center by the apertures of the alveolar canals, which transmit the posterior superior alveolar vessels and nerves[WP]." [Wikipedia:Alveolar_canals] synonym: "canales alveolares maxillae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Alveolar_canals] xref: EMAPA:25099 xref: FMA:57743 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Gray157.png is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 {source="EMAPA"} ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0006670 name: central tendon synonym: "central tendon of diaphragm" EXACT [FMA:58279] synonym: "centrum tendineum" EXACT [FMA:58279] synonym: "centrum tendineum diaphragmatis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:58279, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:17702 xref: FMA:58279 xref: ncithesaurus:Central_Tendon_of_the_Diaphragm xref: SCTID:244943002 xref: VHOG:0001399 is_a: UBERON:0000043 ! tendon relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002359 ! fibrous pericardium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006239 {evidence="definitional"} ! future central tendon property_value: homology_notes "In mammals, the diaphragm muscle divides the thoracoabdominal cavity into thorax and abdomen. In most mammals, the diaphragm is a flat sheet with muscle fibers radiating outward from a central tendon, and the diaphragm's apposition to the cranial surface of the liver gives it a dome-shape. Muscle fiber contraction reduces the curvature of the dome, thereby expanding the thoracic cavity and aspirating air into the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001399", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.resp.2006.06.003", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006671 name: orbital fat pad synonym: "intraorbital fat pad" EXACT [FMA:59005] synonym: "orbital fat" EXACT [FMA:59005] synonym: "orbital fat body" EXACT [FMA:59005] synonym: "retrobulbar fat" EXACT [FMA:59005] xref: EMAPA:19152 xref: FMA:59005 xref: SCTID:363656009 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0006672 name: incisive canal xref: EMAPA:19034 xref: FMA:59107 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0006673 name: mandibular canal def: "In humans, the mandibular canal is a canal within the mandible that contains the inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery, and inferior alveolar vein. It runs obliquely downward and forward in the ramus, and then horizontally forward in the body, where it is placed under the alveoli and communicates with them by small openings" [Wikipedia:Mandibular_canal] comment: AO notes: TAO has mandibular sensory canal, which is part of the lateral line system xref: EMAPA:19161 xref: FMA:59473 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray1003.png xref: SCTID:368876003 is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit [Term] id: UBERON:0006674 name: inguinal ring xref: EMAPA:19172 xref: EMAPA:29307 xref: FMA:65075 xref: SCTID:278830004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0006204 ! inguinal ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0006675 name: venous valve synonym: "valve of vein" EXACT [FMA:68095] xref: FMA:68095 is_a: UBERON:0003978 ! valve is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 intersection_of: UBERON:0003978 ! valve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006676 name: muscularis mucosa def: "The lamina muscularis mucosae (or muscularis mucosa) is the thin layer of smooth muscle found in most parts of the gastrointestinal tract, located outside the lamina propria mucosae and separating it from the submucosa. In the gastrointestinal tract, the term mucosa or \"mucous membrane\" refers to the combination of epithelium, lamina propria, and (where it occurs) muscularis mucosa. The etymology suggests this since the Latin names translate to \"the mucosa's own special layer\" (lamina propria mucosae) and \"muscular layer of the mucosa\" (lamina muscularis mucosae). The muscularis mucosa is composed of several thin layers of smooth muscle fibers oriented in different ways which keeps the mucosal surface and underlying glands in a constant state of gentle agitation to expel contents of glandular crypts and enhance contact between epithelium and the contents of the lumen." [Wikipedia:Muscularis_mucosae] synonym: "laminar muscularis mucosa" RELATED [Wikipedia:Muscularis_mucosae] synonym: "muscularis mucosae" EXACT [FMA:68413] xref: BTO:0004839 xref: FMA:68413 xref: galen:MuscularisMucosae xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Gray1058.png xref: ncithesaurus:Muscularis_Mucosa xref: SCTID:370140002 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: immediately_deep_to UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0006677 name: surface of epithelium synonym: "epithelium surface" EXACT [FMA:70997] xref: FMA:70997 is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000483 intersection_of: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0006678 name: foramen secundum def: "a foramen in the septum primum." [Wikipedia:Foramen_secundum] synonym: "foramen secundum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foramen_secundum] synonym: "ostium secundum" EXACT [SCTID:308854001] xref: EHDAA2:0001828 xref: EMAPA:17863 xref: FMA:71105 xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_Secundum xref: SCTID:308854001 xref: VHOG:0001471 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004154 {source="EHDAA2"} ! septum primum property_value: external_definition "Second of the two openings to perforate the septum primum between the two atria of the embryonic heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001471", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foramen"} property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether. [ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620]; [about heart development] In the various tetrapod classes ontogenetic events essentially recapitulate the phylogenetic stages.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001471", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0721676678 p.433", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006679 name: carina of trachea def: "In anatomy, the carina is a cartilaginous ridge within the trachea that runs anteroposteriorly between the two primary bronchi at the site of the tracheal bifurcation at the lower end of the trachea (usually at the level of the 4th to 5th thoracic vertebrae). The mucous membrane of the carina is the most sensitive area of the trachea and larynx for triggering a cough reflex. Widening and distortion of the carina is a serious sign because it usually indicates carcinoma of the lymph nodes around the region where the trachea divides. Tracheobronchial injury, an injury to the airways, occurs within 2.5 cm of the carina 40b80% of the time." [Wikipedia:Carina_of_trachea] synonym: "bifurcation of the trachea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carina_of_trachea] synonym: "carina" BROAD [FMA:7465] synonym: "carina %28anatomy%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carina_of_trachea] synonym: "carina of trachea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carina_of_trachea] synonym: "carina tracheae" EXACT [EMAPA:18407] synonym: "carina tracheae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Carina_of_trachea] synonym: "tracheal carina" EXACT [FMA:7465] xref: EMAPA:18407 xref: FMA:7465 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Diagrama_de_los_pulmones-c.svg xref: ncithesaurus:Carina xref: SCTID:181214003 is_a: UBERON:0003604 ! trachea cartilage disjoint_from: UBERON:0011604 ! carina of sternum relationship: connects UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: connects UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0006680 name: trachealis def: "A smooth muscle tissue that bridges the gap between free ends of C-shaped cartilages at the posterior border of the trachea, adjacent to the esophagus. A primary function of the trachealis is to constrict the windpipe, allowing for higher velocity of air in the windpipe during coughing[WP, modified]." [Wikipedia:Trachealis_muscle] synonym: "tracheal muscle" EXACT [FMA:7466] synonym: "trachealis muscle" EXACT [FMA:7466] xref: EMAPA:19193 xref: FMA:7466 xref: SCTID:197333002 is_a: UBERON:0003387 ! smooth muscle of trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003387 ! smooth muscle of trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0006681 name: interthalamic adhesion synonym: "Interthalamic connection" EXACT [FMA:74869] synonym: "Middle commissure" EXACT [FMA:74869] xref: EMAPA:18546 xref: FMA:74869 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0006682 name: hypoglossal canal xref: EMAPA:19012 xref: FMA:75370 xref: SCTID:139380001 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit [Term] id: UBERON:0006683 name: posterior fontanelle def: "In humans, the posterior fontanelle (or occipital fontanelle) is a gap between bones in the skull, triangular in form and situated at the junction of the sagittal suture and lambdoidal suture. It generally closes in 6–8 weeks from birth. A delay in closure is associated with congential hypothyroidism." [Wikipedia:Posterior_fontanelle] synonym: "fonticulus posterior" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "occipital posterior" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "posterior fontanelle of skull" EXACT LATIN [] xref: EMAPA:19200 xref: FMA:75440 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Gray197.png xref: SCTID:244681005 is_a: UBERON:0002221 ! fontanelle relationship: connects UBERON:0002491 ! lambdoid suture relationship: connects UBERON:0002492 ! sagittal suture [Term] id: UBERON:0006684 name: sphenoidal fontanelle def: "." [Wikipedia:Pterion] comment: See also FMA:264720 synonym: "sphenoidal fontanelle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterion] xref: EMAPA:19229 xref: FMA:75441 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Pterion.PNG xref: SCTID:136955008 is_a: UBERON:0002221 ! fontanelle [Term] id: UBERON:0006685 name: pharyngeal tubercle xref: EMAPA:19250 xref: FMA:75746 is_a: UBERON:0005813 ! tubercle [Term] id: UBERON:0006686 name: spinal vein synonym: "spinal branch" RELATED [FMA:76735] synonym: "Spinal vein" EXACT [FMA:76735] synonym: "vena spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:76735, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:18255 xref: FMA:76735 xref: SCTID:181376008 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0006687 name: median sacral vein xref: EMAPA:26064 xref: FMA:77168 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 {source="FMA/obol"} ! internal iliac vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006688 name: sublingual caruncle def: "The sublingual caruncle is a site on either side of the frenulum linguae on the sublingual surface of the tongue. There it denotes the site at which the submandibular gland empties into the oral cavity." [Wikipedia:Sublingual_caruncle] synonym: "caruncula sublingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sublingual_caruncle] xref: EMAPA:18961 xref: FMA:77273 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Gray1202.png xref: SCTID:85139009 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0006689 name: frenulum of tongue def: "The frenulum of tongue (or lingual frenulum) is the frenulum of the tongue, a small fold of mucous membrane extending from the floor of the mouth to the midline of the underside of the tongue." [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue] synonym: "frenulum" BROAD [] synonym: "frenulum lingu%c3%a6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue] synonym: "frenulum linguae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue] synonym: "frenulum linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue] synonym: "frenulum of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue] synonym: "lingual frenulum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue] synonym: "lingual frenum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frenulum_of_tongue] synonym: "tongue frenulum" EXACT [FMA:54659] xref: EMAPA:18656 xref: EMAPA:18874 xref: FMA:54659 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Gray1202.png xref: ncithesaurus:Frenulum xref: SCTID:264113009 is_a: UBERON:0005020 ! mucosa of tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0006690 name: deep dorsal vein of clitoris xref: EMAPA:19218 xref: FMA:77504 xref: SCTID:25834009 is_a: UBERON:0003480 ! vein of clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001317 {source="FMA/obol"} ! internal iliac vein [Term] id: UBERON:0006691 name: tentorium cerebelli def: "The tentorium cerebelli or cerebellar tentorium is an extension of the dura mater that separates the cerebellum from the inferior portion of the occipital lobes." [Wikipedia:Tentorium_cerebelli] synonym: "Cerebellar tentorium" EXACT [FMA:83966] synonym: "infratentorial neoplasms" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tentorium_cerebelli] synonym: "supratentorial neoplasms" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tentorium_cerebelli] xref: EMAPA:18210 xref: FMA:83966 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Illu_tentorium.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Tentorium_Cerebelli xref: SCTID:244428008 xref: VHOG:0001298 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater property_value: external_definition "The tentorium cerebelli or cerebellar tentorium (Latin: [][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001298", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006692 name: vertebral canal def: "The spinal canal (or vertebral canal or spinal cavity) is the space in vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes. It is a process of the dorsal human body cavity. This canal is enclosed within the vertebral foramen of the vertebrae. In the intervertebral spaces, the canal is protected by the ligamentum flavum posteriorly and the posterior longitudinal ligament anteriorly. The outermost layer of the meninges, the dura mater, is closely associated with the arachnoid which in turn is loosely connected to the innermost layer of the meninges, the pia mater. The meninges divide the spinal canal into the epidural space and the subarachnoid space. The pia mater is closely attached to the spinal cord. A subdural space is generally only present due to trauma and/or pathological situations. The subarachnoid space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid and contains the vessels that supply the spinal cord, namely the anterior spinal artery and the paired posterior spinal arteries, accompanied by a corresponding spinal veins. The spinal arteries form anastomoses known as the vasocorona of the spinal cord. The epidural space contains loose fatty tissue, and a network of large, thin-walled blood vessels called the anterior vertebral venous plexus and the posterior vertebral venous plexus The spinal canal was first described by Jean Fernel." [Wikipedia:Spinal_canal] comment: todo - check neural vs vertebral canal; embryonic vs adult? synonym: "c. vertebralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinal_canal] synonym: "foramen vertebrale" RELATED [AAO:0000693] synonym: "neural canal" RELATED [AAO:0000693] synonym: "spinal canal" RELATED [AAO:0000693] synonym: "spinal cavity" RELATED [Wikipedia:Spinal_canal] synonym: "vertebral canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Spinal_canal] xref: AAO:0000693 xref: EMAPA:25440 xref: EMAPA:25448 xref: EMAPA:25456 xref: EMAPA:25464 xref: EMAPA:25472 xref: EMAPA:25480 xref: EMAPA:25488 xref: EMAPA:25496 xref: EMAPA:25504 xref: EMAPA:25512 xref: EMAPA:25520 xref: EMAPA:25528 xref: EMAPA:25536 xref: EMAPA:25544 xref: EMAPA:25552 xref: EMAPA:25560 xref: EMAPA:25568 xref: EMAPA:25576 xref: EMAPA:25584 xref: EMAPA:25592 xref: EMAPA:25600 xref: EMAPA:25608 xref: EMAPA:25616 xref: EMAPA:25624 xref: EMAPA:25632 xref: EMAPA:25640 xref: EMAPA:25648 xref: EMAPA:25656 xref: EMAPA:25664 xref: EMAPA:25672 xref: EMAPA:25680 xref: EMAPA:25688 xref: EMAPA:25731 xref: EMAPA:25738 xref: EMAPA:25745 xref: EMAPA:25752 xref: EMAPA:25759 xref: EMAPA:26521 xref: EMAPA:26537 xref: FMA:9680 xref: GAID:242 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray82.png xref: ncithesaurus:Neural_Canal xref: ncithesaurus:Vertebral_Canal xref: SCTID:361746009 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord property_value: external_definition "Canal formed by the vertebral centra ventrally, the pedicels laterally, and the neural arches dorsally that encloses and protects the spinal cord.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000693", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006693 name: protein-based cuticle def: "An example of this is found in Caenorhabditis elegans" [GO:0007592] is_a: UBERON:0001002 ! cuticle [Term] id: UBERON:0006694 name: cerebellum vasculature is_a: UBERON:0005284 ! brain vasculature is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0006695 name: mammillary axonal complex def: "The mammillary axonal complex is formed by the axons from the lateral, medial mammillary and the dorsal premammillary nuclei which share a branching pattern. Every neuron gives off one axonal stem that bifurcates into 2 branches. One of the branches is directed dorsally to the thalamus and another caudally to the midbrain[GO]." [GO:0061373] is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002206 ! mammillary body [Term] id: UBERON:0006696 name: mammillothalamic axonal tract alt_id: UBERON:0009642 def: "The mammillothalamic tract is the collection of axons that connects the two major subdivisions of the diencephalon (hypothalamus and thalamus) and closes the diencephalic circuit[GO]." [GO:0061374, Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] comment: The mammillothalamic fasciculus arises from cells in both the medial and lateral nuclei of the mammillary body and by fibers that are directly continued from the fornix. The Mammillothalamic fasciculus then connects the mammillary body to the dorsal tegmental nuclei, the ventral tegmental nuclei, and the anterior thalamic nucleus [WP] synonym: "bundle of vicq d%27azyr" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "bundle of vicq d%e2%80%99azyr" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "fasciculus mammillothalamicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "fasciculus mammillothalamicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "mamillo-thalamic tract" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "mammillo-thalamic fasciculus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "mammillothalamic fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:83849] synonym: "mammillothalamic tract" EXACT [FMA:83849] synonym: "mammillothalamic tract" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "thalamomammillary fasciculus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mammillothalamic_fasciculus] synonym: "vicq d'azyr's bundle" EXACT [FMA:83849] xref: FMA:83849 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010016 is_a: UBERON:0011591 ! tract of diencephalon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0006697 name: mammillotectal axonal tract def: "The mammillotectal tract is the collection of axons that connects the ventral diencephalon to the superior colliculus." [GO:0061375] is_a: UBERON:0011591 ! tract of diencephalon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0006698 name: mammillotegmental axonal tract alt_id: UBERON:0002725 def: " The mammillotegmental tract is the collection of axons that connects the ventral diencephalon to the tegmentum and pons" [GO:0061376] synonym: "Gudden tract" EXACT [FMA:62058] synonym: "mammillotegmental fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:62058] synonym: "mammillotegmental tract" EXACT [FMA:62058] synonym: "mammillotegmental tract of hypothalamus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1497] synonym: "von Gudden's tract" EXACT [FMA:62058] xref: FMA:62058 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1497 xref: SCTID:369140005 is_a: UBERON:0011591 ! tract of diencephalon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000988 ! pons relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002770 {source="FMA"} ! posterior hypothalamic region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006695 ! mammillary axonal complex [Term] id: UBERON:0006699 name: foramen caecum of tongue def: "The dorsum of the tongue is convex and marked by a median sulcus, which divides it into symmetrical halves; this sulcus ends behind, about 2.5 cm from the root of the organ, in a depression, the foramen cecum, from which a shallow groove, the sulcus terminalis, runs lateral and anterior on either side to the margin of the tongue. The foramen cecum is the point of attachment of the thyroglossal duct and is formed during the embryological descent of the thyroid gland." [Wikipedia:Foramen_cecum_%28tongue%29] comment: consider merging with FC of thyroid synonym: "f. caecum linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foramen_cecum_%28tongue%29] synonym: "foramen cecum of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54828] synonym: "foramen of morgagni" EXACT [FMA:54828] synonym: "morand's foramen" EXACT [FMA:54828] xref: FMA:54828 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Foramen_caecum.png xref: SCTID:368738001 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest disjoint_from: UBERON:0006713 ! foramen cecum of frontal bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch [Term] id: UBERON:0006713 name: foramen cecum of frontal bone def: "The frontal crest of the frontal bone ends below in a small notch which is converted into a foramen, the foramen cecum, by articulation with the ethmoid. This foramen varies in size in different subjects, and is frequently impervious; when open, it transmits a vein from the nose to the superior sagittal sinus. This has clinical importance in that infections of the nose and nearby areas can be transmitted to the meninges and brain from what is known as the danger triangle of the face." [Wikipedia:Foramen_cecum_%28frontal_bone%29] comment: todo - check if this is what the FMA ID really denotes synonym: "f. caecum ossis frontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Foramen_cecum_%28frontal_bone%29] xref: FMA:57443 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gray135.png is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit [Term] id: UBERON:0006714 name: tibiofibula def: "Paired, endochondral bones formed by the fusion of the tibia and fibula. They form the shanks, extending from the knees to the ankles." [AAO:Maglia_et_al_2007] synonym: "os cruris" RELATED [AAO:0000902] synonym: "tibia-fibula" EXACT [XAO:0003213] synonym: "tibiofibula" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000902 xref: XAO:0003213 is_a: UBERON:0004251 ! lower leg bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 {source="AAO"} ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0000979 property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0001446 [Term] id: UBERON:0006715 name: radio-ulna def: "Paired, long bones of endochondral origin formed by the fusion of the radius and ulna." [AAO:Maglia_et_al_2007] synonym: "radioulna" EXACT [XAO:0003209] synonym: "radius-ulna" EXACT [XAO:0003209] xref: AAO:0000901 xref: XAO:0003209 is_a: UBERON:0003466 ! lower arm bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010848 ! radius-ulna cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 {source="VSAO"} ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0001423 property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0001424 [Term] id: UBERON:0006716 name: mesopodium region def: "The third segment of the limb, including either the wrist segment (carpus) or the ankle segment (tarsus)" [MA:th, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Carpus_and_tarsus_of_land_vertebrates] comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group synonym: "carpus/tarsus" EXACT [] synonym: "mesopod" RELATED [] synonym: "mesopodial limb segment" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "mesopodial segment" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0009877 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002471 intersection_of: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment intersection_of: distally_connected_to UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region intersection_of: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 {source="MA:th"} ! autopod region relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0006717 name: skeleton of autopod def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an autopodium region." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group synonym: "autopod skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "autopodial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005019] synonym: "autopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005019, VSAO:NI] xref: VSAO:0005019 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010712 ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002470 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 ! skeleton of limb relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region property_value: external_definition "Distal section of the limb skeleton, consisting of the anterior autopodium or posterior autopodium.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005019", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:NI"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006718 name: medial pterygoid muscle def: "The medial pterygoid (or internal pterygoid muscle), is a thick, quadrilateral muscle of mastication. The mandibular branch of the fifth cranial nerve, the trigeminal nerve, innervates the medial pterygoid muscle." [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "internal pterygoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "internal pterygoid muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "medial pterygoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "musculus pterygoideus internus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "musculus pterygoideus medialis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "pterygoid medialis" EXACT [MA:0002361] synonym: "pterygoidei internus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "pterygoideus internus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "pterygoideus medial" EXACT [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "pterygoideus medialis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Medial_pterygoid_muscle] xref: EMAPA:25141 xref: FMA:49011 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Musculuspterygoideusmedialis.png xref: MA:0002361 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Pterygoid_Muscle xref: SCTID:244771003 is_a: UBERON:0006720 ! pterygoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001684 {source="dbpedia", notes="medial angle of the mandible"} ! mandible relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {notes="mandibular nerve via nerve to medial pterygoid", source="dbpedia"} ! mandibular nerve property_value: external_definition "The medial pterygoid is a pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the nerve to the medial pterygoid and attaches to the cranial base and the medial side of the mandibular angle.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006719 name: lateral pterygoid muscle def: "The lateral pterygoid (or external pterygoid) is a muscle of mastication with two heads." [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "external pterygoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "lateral pteregoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "lateral pteregoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "lateral pterygoid" EXACT [FMA:49015] synonym: "lateral pterygoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "m. pterygoideus externus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "m. pterygoideus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "musculus pterygoides lateralis" EXACT [FMA:49015] synonym: "musculus pterygoideus externus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "musculus pterygoideus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "pterygoid lateralis" EXACT [MA:0002360] synonym: "pterygoideus externus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "pterygoideus externus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "pterygoideus lateral" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] synonym: "pterygoideus lateral muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lateral_pterygoid_muscle] xref: EMAPA:25140 xref: FMA:49015 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Musculuspterygoideuslateralis.png xref: MA:0002360 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Pterygoid_Muscle xref: SCTID:244772005 is_a: UBERON:0006720 ! pterygoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004657 {source="dbpedia"} ! mandible condylar process relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {notes="lateral pterygoid nerve from the mandibular nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! mandibular nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004649 {source="dbpedia", notes="Great wing of sphenoid and pterygoid plate"} ! sphenoid bone pterygoid process property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, is innervated by the lateral pterygoid nerve branches, and attaches to the condylar process of the mandible and TMJ capsule, and the cranial base.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006720 name: pterygoid muscle subset: grouping_class synonym: "pterygoid" RELATED INCONSISTENT [EMAPA:25139] xref: EMAPA:25139 xref: GAID:147 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.600.700 xref: SCTID:244770002 is_a: UBERON:0003681 ! masticatory muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001684 {notes="generalized", source="dbpedia"} ! mandible relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {notes="generalized", source="dbpedia"} ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0006721 name: alisphenoid bone def: "The greater wing of the sphenoid bone, or alisphenoid, is a bony process of the sphenoid bone; there is one on each side, extending from the side of the body of the sphenoid and curving upward, laterally, and backwards[WP]." [Wikipedia:Greater_wing_of_sphenoid_bone] comment: Taxon notes: The alisphenoid in mammals is part cartilage bone, part membrane bone[PMC1231738] In many mammals, e.g. the dog, the greater wing of the sphenoid bone stays through life a separate bone called the alisphenoid[WP]. Development notes: The mammalian alisphenoid forms the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, which contributes a small part of the skull vault just caudal to the orbit, and also underlies the basal part of the frontal and parietal bones in the fetus (Iseki et al. 1997)[PMID:11523816]. synonym: "ala major (os sphenoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52868] synonym: "ala major ossis sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_wing_of_sphenoid_bone] synonym: "alisphenoid bone" EXACT SENSU [MA:0002772] synonym: "greater wing of sphenoid" EXACT [FMA:52868] synonym: "greater wing of sphenoid bone" RELATED [MA:0002772] synonym: "greater wing of sphenoidal bone" EXACT [FMA:52868] xref: FMA:52868 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Gray145.png xref: MA:0002772 xref: SCTID:361298007 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 {source="MA"} ! neurocranium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009637 {source="ISBN10:1588903958"} ! alisphenoid ossification center relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010733 ! alisphenoid cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 {source="MA"} ! sphenoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 {source="PMID:11523816"} ! splanchnocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0006722 name: manubrium of malleus def: "The handle of the malleus; the portion that extends downward, inward, and backward from the neck of the malleus; it is embedded throughout its length in the tympanic membrane." [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?manubrium+of+malleus] synonym: "handle of malleus" RELATED [MA:0002985] synonym: "malleal manubrium" RELATED [MA:0002985] synonym: "malleus handle" EXACT [FMA:52760] synonym: "malleus handle" RELATED [MA:0002985] synonym: "malleus manubrium" RELATED [MA:0002985] synonym: "manubrium mallei" RELATED [MA:0002985] synonym: "manubrium of malleus" EXACT [FMA:52760] synonym: "manubrium of malleus" RELATED [MA:0002985] xref: FMA:52760 xref: MA:0002985 xref: SCTID:264091009 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001689 ! malleus relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002364 {source="cjm"} ! tympanic membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0006723 name: cochlear modiolus def: "The modiolus is a conical shaped central axis in the cochlea. The Modiolus consists of spongy bone and the cochlea turns approximately 2.75 times around the modiolus The spiral ganglion is situated inside the bony modiolus." [Wikipedia:Modiolus_%28cochlea%29] subset: organ_slim synonym: "cochlea modiolus" EXACT [FMA:61278] synonym: "columella cochleae" RELATED [BTO:0001693] synonym: "modiolus" BROAD [MA:0001182] synonym: "modiolus of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:61278] xref: BTO:0001693 xref: FMA:61278 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Gray921.png xref: MA:0001182 xref: ncithesaurus:Modiolus xref: SCTID:361314007 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0006585 ! vestibular organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest disjoint_from: UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus relationship: part_of UBERON:0007223 {source="MA"} ! osseus cochlea [Term] id: UBERON:0006724 name: osseus spiral lamina def: "The osseous spiral lamina is a bony shelf or ledge which projects from the modiolus into the interior of the canal, and, like the canal, takes two-and-three-quarter turns around the modiolus. It reaches about half-way toward the outer wall of the tube, and partially divides its cavity into two passages or scalae, of which the upper is named the scala vestibuli, while the lower is termed the scala tympani." [Wikipedia:Osseous_spiral_lamina] synonym: "lamina modioli cochleae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77710, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina of modiolus cochleae" EXACT [FMA:77710] synonym: "lamina of modiolus of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:77710] synonym: "osseous spiral lamina" EXACT [] synonym: "osseous spiral lamina of cochlea" EXACT [FMA:77710] xref: FMA:77710 xref: MA:0001184 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0006585 ! vestibular organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0006723 {source="FMA"} ! cochlear modiolus relationship: part_of UBERON:0007223 {source="MA"} ! osseus cochlea [Term] id: UBERON:0006725 name: spiral ligament def: "A spiral thickening of the fibrous lining of the cochlear wall. Spiral ligament secures the membranous cochlear duct to the bony spiral canal of the cochlea. Its spiral ligament fibrocytes function in conjunction with the stria vascularis to mediate cochlear ion homeostasis." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=1205376&aid=3557974&group_id=76834, MESH:MESH, Wikipedia:Spiral_ligament] comment: Note that this is not classified as a ligament in FMA synonym: "ligamentum spirale ductus cochlearis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Spiral_ligament] synonym: "spiral cochlear ligament" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "spiral ligament of cochlear duct" EXACT [FMA:77834] xref: A09.246.631.246.965 xref: FMA:77834 xref: MA:0001192 xref: SCTID:279840005 is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006106 {source="MESH-def"} ! cochlear canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001855 ! cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0006726 name: outer canthus comment: see also FMA:59321 synonym: "lateral angle of eye" RELATED [FMA:59321] synonym: "lateral canthus" RELATED [MA:0001264] synonym: "lateral canthus of eye" EXACT [FMA:59321] synonym: "lateral palpebral commissure" EXACT [FMA:59315] synonym: "temporal canthus" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000910 xref: EHDAA:9039 xref: FMA:59315 xref: MA:0001264 xref: ncithesaurus:Outer_Canthus xref: SCTID:362525004 xref: VHOG:0001571 is_a: UBERON:0006742 ! canthus property_value: external_definition "The angle at the end of the palpebral fissure, the slit between the eyelids, close to the temporal region of the skull. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, adapted_from_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, p.263][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001571", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006727 name: liver left lateral lobe synonym: "lateral segment of left lobe of liver" EXACT [FMA:14501] synonym: "lateral segment of liver" EXACT [FMA:14501] synonym: "segmentum laterale (lobus hepatis sinister)" EXACT [FMA:14501] xref: FMA:14501 xref: MA:0001641 xref: SCTID:271288003 is_a: UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0006728 name: liver left medial lobe synonym: "medial segment of left lobe of liver" EXACT [FMA:14500] synonym: "medial segment of liver" EXACT [FMA:14500] synonym: "segmentum mediale (lobus hepatis sinister)" EXACT [FMA:14500] xref: FMA:14500 xref: MA:0001642 xref: SCTID:271085007 is_a: UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0006729 name: liver perisinusoidal space synonym: "Disse's space" EXACT [FMA:63162] synonym: "hepatic perisinusoidal space" EXACT [FMA:63162] synonym: "perisinusoidal space of Disse" EXACT [FMA:63162] synonym: "space of Disse" EXACT [FMA:63162] xref: FMA:63162 xref: MA:0002497 xref: SCTID:17779003 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0006742 name: canthus def: "Canthus (pl. canthi, palpebral commissures) is either corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet. The bicanthal plane is the transversal plane linking both canthi and defines the upper boundary of the midface." [Wikipedia:Canthus] synonym: "bicanthal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus] synonym: "bicanthal plane" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus] synonym: "canthi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus] synonym: "canthoplasty" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus] synonym: "canthorum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus] synonym: "canthus %28anatomy%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Canthus] synonym: "palpebral commissure" EXACT [FMA:59222] xref: FMA:59222 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Gray892.png xref: SCTID:181145006 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001713 ! lower eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0006743 name: paleodentate of dentate nucleus synonym: "paleodentate of dentate nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1490] synonym: "paleodentate part of dentate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72540] synonym: "paleodentate portion of dentate nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72540] synonym: "PDT" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1490] xref: FMA:72540 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1490 is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002132 ! dentate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0006749 name: superior parathyroid gland comment: Taxon notes: Mammals typically have four parathyroids, while other groups typically have six subset: organ_slim xref: EHDAA2:0001954 xref: EHDAA:3870 xref: EHDAA:9135 xref: FMA:55558 xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Parathyroid_Gland xref: SCTID:245540001 is_a: UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010027 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="EHDAA2-modified"} ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0006755 name: inferior parathyroid gland comment: Taxon notes: Mammals typically have four parathyroids, while other groups typically have six subset: organ_slim xref: EHDAA2:0000821 xref: EHDAA:3864 xref: EHDAA:9127 xref: FMA:55559 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Parathyroid_Gland xref: SCTID:245542009 is_a: UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007124 {source="http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845125-overview"} ! pharyngeal pouch 3 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010025 {source="EHDAA2", notes="epithelium"} ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0006756 name: median lingual swelling def: "During the third week of embryological development there appears, immediately behind the ventral ends of the two halves of the mandibular arch, a rounded swelling named the tuberculum impar, which was described by His as undergoing enlargement to form the buccal part of the tongue. More recent researches, however, show that this part of the tongue is mainly, if not entirely, developed from a pair of lateral swellings which rise from the inner surface of the mandibular arch and meet in the middle line. The site of their meeting remains post-embryonically as the median sulcus of the tongue. The tuberculum impar is said to form the central part of the tongue immediately in front of the foramen cecum, but Hammar insists that it is purely a transitory structure and forms no part of the adult tongue[WP, Gray's]." [Wikipedia:Tuberculum_impar] comment: The thyroid initially develops caudal to the tuberculum impar . This embryonic swelling arises from the first pharyngeal arch and occurs midline on the floor of the developing pharynx, eventually helping form the tongue as the 2 lateral lingual swellings overgrow it. [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845125-overview] synonym: "median lingual swelling" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001081] synonym: "median tongue bud" EXACT [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/845125-overview] synonym: "tuberculum impar" EXACT [] synonym: "tuberculum linguale mediale" EXACT [Wikipedia:Tuberculum_impar] xref: EHDAA2:0001081 xref: EMAPA:17187 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray979.png xref: SCTID:308821003 xref: VHOG:0000730 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0006260 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lingual swellings property_value: homology_notes "Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000730", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00073.x", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006757 name: lateral lingual swelling def: "During the third week there appears, immediately behind the ventral ends of the two halves of the mandibular arch, a rounded swelling named the tuberculum impar, which was described by His as undergoing enlargement to form the buccal part of the tongue. More recent researches, however, show that this part of the tongue is mainly, if not entirely, developed from a pair of lateral swellings (or distal tongue bud) which rise from the inner surface of the mandibular arch and meet in the middle line." [Wikipedia:Lateral_lingual_swelling] comment: Structure notes: paired synonym: "lateral lingual prominence" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral swellings" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_lingual_swelling] synonym: "tuberculum laterale" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_lingual_swelling] synonym: "tuberculum linguale laterale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_lingual_swelling] xref: EHDAA2:0000911 xref: EMAPA:17189 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Gray979.png xref: VHOG:0000731 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0006260 ! lingual swellings property_value: homology_notes "Most adult amphibians have a tongue, as do all known reptiles, birds and mammals. Thus it is likely that the tongue appeared with the establishment of tetrapods and this structure seems to be related, to some extant, to the terrestrial lifestyle.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000731", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00073.x Iwasaki S, Evolution of the structure and function of the vertebrate tongue. J Anat (2002)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006761 name: corneo-scleral junction def: "The corneal limbus is the border of the cornea and the sclera (the white of the eye). The limbus is a common site for the occurrence of corneal epithelial neoplasm. Limbus contains radially oriented fibrovascular ridges known as the palisades of Vogt that may harbour a stem cell population[WP]. An annular transitional zone, approximately 1 mm wide, between the cornea and the bulbar conjunctiva and sclera. It is highly vascular and is involved in the metabolism of the cornea. It is ophthalmologically significant in that it appears on the outer surface of the eyeball as a slight furrow, marking the line between the clear cornea and the sclera. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)[MeSH]" [Wikipedia:Corneal_limbus] comment: This location has parts such as blood vessels etc. See PMC2868485, PMID:2695343 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "corneal limbus" EXACT [FMA:58342] synonym: "corneal limbus" RELATED [GAID:896] synonym: "corneal-scleral limbus" EXACT [PMID:17051547] synonym: "corneoscleral junction" RELATED [GAID:896] synonym: "limbus corneae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Corneal_limbus] synonym: "limbus corneae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Corneal_limbus] synonym: "sclerocorneal junction" EXACT [FMA:58342] synonym: "sclerocorneal limbus" RELATED [GAID:896] xref: EFO:0001403 xref: FMA:58342 xref: GAID:896 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Limbus.png xref: MESH:A.09.371.060.217.659 xref: SCTID:63716004 xref: ZFA:0005570 is_a: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction relationship: connects UBERON:0000964 relationship: connects UBERON:0001773 intersection_of: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000964 ! cornea intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001773 ! sclera relationship: connects UBERON:0000964 ! cornea relationship: connects UBERON:0001773 ! sclera [Term] id: UBERON:0006762 name: suspensory ligament of lens def: "The zonule of Zinn (Zinn's membrane, ciliary zonule) is a ring of fibrous strands connecting the ciliary body with the crystalline lens of the eye. The zonule of Zinn is split into two layers: a thin layer, which lines the hyaloid fossa, and a thicker layer, which is a collection of zonular fibers. Together, the fibers are known as the suspensory ligament of the lens[WP]. Modified or toughened vitreous that suspend the lens at the equator to the non-pigmented epithelium of the ciliary zone. In zebrafish, dorsal zonules are thickened as compared to ventral zonules. In both dorsal and ventral regions, these fibers delimit the vitreous body aqueous humor boundary[ZFA]." [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "ciliary zonule" EXACT [FMA:58838] synonym: "ciliary zonule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn] synonym: "suspensory ligament of the lens" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn] synonym: "Zinn's membrane" EXACT [FMA:58838] synonym: "zonula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn] synonym: "zonula ciliaris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn] synonym: "zonula ciliaris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn] synonym: "zonular fiber" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn] synonym: "zonule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zonule_of_Zinn] synonym: "zonule of Zinn" EXACT [FMA:58838] synonym: "zonules" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005573] xref: FMA:58838 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Schematic_diagram_of_the_human_eye_en.svg xref: SCTID:362524000 xref: ZFA:0005573 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008841 {source="Obol"} ! suspensory ligament is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000965 ! lens of camera-type eye relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001797 {source="ZFA"} ! vitreous humor relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 {source="FMA"} ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0006763 name: epithelium of conjunctiva def: "Layer of nonkeratinized squamous epithelium lining the conjunctiva, overlying scleral tissue" [] synonym: "conjunctiva epithelium" EXACT [FMA:62131] synonym: "conjunctival epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0005131] xref: BTO:0005131 xref: EFO:0001916 xref: FMA:62131 xref: ncithesaurus:Conjunctival_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010304 {source="FMA"} ! nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 {source="BTO"} ! conjunctiva [Term] id: UBERON:0006764 name: anterior communicating artery def: "In human anatomy, the anterior communicating artery is a blood vessel of the brain that connects the left and right anterior cerebral arteries. The anterior communicating artery connects the two anterior cerebral arteries across the commencement of the longitudinal fissure. Sometimes this vessel is wanting, the two arteries joining together to form a single trunk, which afterward divides; or it may be wholly, or partially, divided into two. Its length averages about 4 mm, but varies greatly. It gives off some of the anteromedial ganglionic vessels, but these are principally derived from the anterior cerebral artery. It is part of the cerebral arterial circle, also known as the circle of Willis." [Wikipedia:Anterior_communicating_artery] synonym: "arteria communicans anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_communicating_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0000586 xref: EMAPA:18599 xref: FMA:50169 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Circle_of_Willis_en.svg xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Communicating_Artery xref: SCTID:181311009 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0006347 ! communicating artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001624 ! anterior cerebral artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0003709 ! circle of Willis [Term] id: UBERON:0006765 name: left anterior vena cava xref: EMAPA:18418 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001585 ! anterior vena cava [Term] id: UBERON:0006766 name: right anterior vena cava comment: The mouse has both left and right anterior vena cava. adult humans only have a right. Postnatally the left regresses and becomes non-functional (Wessels and Sedmera 2003). Note that FMA:4720 is equivalent to both anterior vena cava and right anterior vena cava xref: EMAPA:18419 xref: FMA:4720 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001585 ! anterior vena cava [Term] id: UBERON:0006767 name: head of femur def: "The hemispheric articular surface at the upper extremity of the thigh bone[Stedman, 26th ed]. The femur head is the highest part of the thigh bone. It is supported by the neck of the femur. The head is globular and forms rather more than a hemisphere, is directed upward, medialward, and a little forward, the greater part of its convexity being above and in front. Its surface is smooth, coated with cartilage in the fresh state, except over an ovoid depression, the fovea capitis femoris, which is situated a little below and behind the center of the head, and gives attachment to the ligament of head of femur. If there is a fracture of the neck of the femur, the blood supply through the ligament becomes crucial. In orthopedic surgery, the head of the femur is important because it can undergo avascular necrosis and consequent osteochondritis dissecans. The head is removed in total hip replacement surgery [WP]." [MESH:A.02.835.232.500.247.343, Wikipedia:Femur_head] synonym: "acetabular head" EXACT [AAO:0000892] synonym: "capital femoral epiphysis" RELATED [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/capital+femoral+epiphysis] synonym: "caput femoris" RELATED [AAO:0000892, Wikipedia:Femur_head] synonym: "caput femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femur_head] synonym: "femoral head" EXACT [FMA:32851] synonym: "femur head" RELATED [MESH:A.02.835.232.500.247.343] xref: AAO:0000892 xref: FMA:32851 xref: galen:FemoralHead xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray243.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.500.247.343 xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Femur xref: SCTID:361791000 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 ! proximal epiphysis of femur property_value: external_definition "Proximal head of the femur, which articulates with the acetabulum.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000892", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006768 name: epiphyseal line synonym: "epiphysial junction" EXACT [FMA:9918] synonym: "line of bony union" EXACT [FMA:9918] xref: FMA:9918 xref: SCTID:333108008 is_a: UBERON:0010361 {source="FMA"} ! synostosis relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0006770 name: apophysis xref: FMA:75428 xref: SCTID:65000005 is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection [Term] id: UBERON:0006771 name: long bone epiphyseal plate proliferative zone def: "germinal layer of the epiphyseal plate where cells are actively dividing as well as producing extracellular matrix[MP]." [MP:0003662] comment: In this zone, chondrocytes undergo rapid mitosis, forming distinctive looking stacks[WP] synonym: "epiphyseal plate proliferative zone" EXACT [] synonym: "zone of proliferation" RELATED [MA:0002976] xref: MA:0002976 is_a: UBERON:0006775 ! zone of epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0006772 name: long bone epiphyseal plate hypertrophic zone def: "the layer of the epiphyseal plate of a long bone where chondrocytes mature and enlarge[MP]." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3442184&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, MP:0000165] comment: note that there is also MA:0002849 synonym: "epiphyseal plate hypertrophic zone" EXACT [] synonym: "hypertrophic chondrocyte zone" RELATED [MP:0000165] synonym: "long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone" RELATED [MP:0000165] synonym: "maturation zone" RELATED [MA:0002977] synonym: "zone of hypertrophic chondrocytes" RELATED [MA:0002977] xref: MA:0002977 is_a: UBERON:0006775 ! zone of epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0006773 name: long bone epiphyseal plate ossification zone def: "layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited[MP]." [MP:0006399] synonym: "epiphyseal plate ossification zone" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0006775 ! zone of epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0006775 name: zone of epiphyseal plate is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002516 ! epiphyseal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0006776 name: annular epiphysis def: "secondary growth centers occurring as rings at the periphery of the superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral body." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/epiphysis] comment: note that here epiphysis means deriving from a separate ossification center synonym: "anular epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:75792] xref: FMA:75792 is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001075 ! body of vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0006777 name: tectal plate def: "embryologic structure that is formed by two longitudinal eminences, one on each alar plate of the midbrain. These eminences become the superior colliculus and inferior colliculus ( Carpenter-1983 )]" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?type=a&ID=453] comment: The term "tectal plate" (or "quadrigeminal plate") is used to describe the junction of the gray and white matter in the embryo. (NeuroNames ancil-453) synonym: "lamina quadrigemina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77488, FMA:TA] synonym: "quadrigeminal plate" EXACT [FMA:77488] xref: FMA:77488 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006779 name: superficial white layer of superior colliculus def: "superficial white matter layer of superior collilculus that consists mainly of axions from the optic nerve." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris iii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71112, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina III of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer III of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71112] synonym: "optic layer" EXACT [FMA:71112] synonym: "optic layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71112] synonym: "stratum opticum colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71112, FMA:TA] xref: ABA:SCop xref: FMA:71112 is_a: UBERON:0006786 ! white matter layer of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006120 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006780 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006780 name: zonal layer of superior colliculus def: "a thin layer consisting of small myelinated axons together with marginal and horizontal cells." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris i" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72406, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina I of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer I of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72406] synonym: "stratum zonale of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72406] xref: ABA:SCzo xref: FMA:72406 is_a: UBERON:0006785 ! gray matter layer of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006120 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006779 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006782 name: stratum lemnisci of superior colliculus xref: FMA:72408 is_a: UBERON:0006785 ! gray matter layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006783 name: layer of superior colliculus def: "The microstructure of the optic tectum / superior colliculus varies across species. As a general rule, there is always a clear distinction between superficial layers, which receive input primarily from the visual system and show primarily visual responses, and deeper layers, which receive many types of input and project to numerous motor-related brain areas. The distinction between these two zones is so clear and consistent that some anatomists have suggested that they should be considered separate brain structures. In mammals, neuroanatomists conventionally identify seven layers[WP]." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005033 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 intersection_of: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001945 ! superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006785 name: gray matter layer of superior colliculus xref: FMA:77870 is_a: UBERON:0006783 ! layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006786 name: white matter layer of superior colliculus xref: FMA:83899 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1023 is_a: UBERON:0006783 ! layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006787 name: middle white layer of superior colliculus subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intermediate white layer" EXACT [FMA:71113] synonym: "intermediate white layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71113] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris v" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71113, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina V of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer V of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:71113] synonym: "stratum album centrale" RELATED [TAO:0001351] synonym: "stratum album intermediale of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "stratum medullare intermedium colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:71113, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:71113 xref: TAO:0001351 xref: ZFA:0001351 is_a: UBERON:0006786 ! white matter layer of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006792 ! intermediate layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006788 name: middle gray layer of superior colliculus subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "intermediate gray layer" EXACT [FMA:72409] synonym: "intermediate grey layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72409] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris iv" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72409, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina IV of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer IV of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72409] synonym: "stratum griseum centrale" RELATED [TAO:0001350] synonym: "stratum griseum intermediale of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "stratum griseum intermedium colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72409, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:72409 xref: TAO:0001350 xref: ZFA:0001350 is_a: UBERON:0006785 ! gray matter layer of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006792 ! intermediate layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006789 name: deep gray layer of superior colliculus synonym: "deep grey layer of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72410] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris vi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72410, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina VI of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer VI of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72410] synonym: "stratum griseum profundum colliculi superioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72410, FMA:TA] synonym: "stratum griseum profundum of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] xref: FMA:72410 is_a: UBERON:0006785 ! gray matter layer of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006793 ! deep layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006790 name: deep white layer of superior colliculus def: "deep white matter layer of superior collilculus that consists entirely of fibers." [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "deep white zone" RELATED [TAO:0000494] synonym: "lamina colliculi superioris vii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72416, FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina VII of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] synonym: "layer VII of superior colliculus" EXACT [FMA:72416] synonym: "stratum album profundum of superior colliculus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_colliculus#Neural_circuit] xref: FMA:72416 xref: TAO:0000494 xref: ZFA:0000494 is_a: UBERON:0006786 ! white matter layer of superior colliculus is_a: UBERON:0006793 ! deep layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006791 name: superficial layer of superior colliculus synonym: "superficial grey and white zone" RELATED [TAO:0000686] synonym: "superficial grey and white zones" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000686] xref: BM:MB-Tec-SCS xref: TAO:0000686 xref: ZFA:0000686 is_a: UBERON:0006783 ! layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006792 name: intermediate layer of superior colliculus synonym: "central zone" RELATED [TAO:0000327] xref: BM:MB-Tec-SCI xref: TAO:0000327 xref: ZFA:0000327 is_a: UBERON:0006783 ! layer of superior colliculus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006791 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006793 intersection_of: UBERON:0006783 ! layer of superior colliculus intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0006793 ! deep layer of superior colliculus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006791 ! superficial layer of superior colliculus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0006793 ! deep layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006793 name: deep layer of superior colliculus xref: BM:MB-Tec-SCD is_a: UBERON:0006783 ! layer of superior colliculus [Term] id: UBERON:0006794 name: visual processing part of nervous system comment: This grouping class is primarily to accommodate GO subset: grouping_class synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED [GAID:1233] xref: GAID:1233 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011216 {source="cjm"} ! organ system subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006795 name: arthropod optic lobe def: "A region of the adult brain that processes the visual information from the compound eyes." [FBC:gg, ISBN:978-3-11-014898-5] synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED SENSU [FBbt:00003701] xref: FBbt:00003701 is_a: UBERON:0006794 ! visual processing part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0006796 name: cephalopod optic lobe def: "Large lobes of the brain associated with the eyes. In octopods and some squids the optic lobes may be separated from the rest of the brain by an optic stalk of varying length. In Octopus the optic lobes contain 92 million cells compared with only 42 million in the main central mass of the brain (J. Young, 1963) ." [http://tolweb.org/accessory/Cephalopoda_Glossary?acc_id=587] synonym: "optic lobe" RELATED SENSU [] is_a: UBERON:0006794 ! visual processing part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0006798 name: efferent nerve def: "A group of neurons that provides a nervous signal to a tissue." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000202 xref: EHDAA2:0003231 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0006799 name: glandular epithelium def: "Epithelium composed of secretory cells." [Online_Medical_Dictionary:http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/] comment: Editor notes: consider splitting epithelium from epithelial tissue xref: BTO:0002991 xref: ncithesaurus:Glandular_Epithelial_Tissue xref: ncithesaurus:Glandular_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium disjoint_from: UBERON:0011952 ! non-glandular epithelium relationship: secretes UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0006800 name: anatomical line def: "Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface." [CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010267 xref: AEO:0000008 xref: BILA:0000008 xref: CARO:0000008 xref: EHDAA2:0003008 xref: FMA:9657 xref: HAO:0000008 xref: TAO:0001837 xref: TGMA:0001828 xref: XAO:0004003 xref: ZFA:0001689 is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary property_value: external_definition "Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, whiVSAO forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface.[CARO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="CARO:0000008", ontology="CARO", source="CARO:MAH", source="FMA:9657"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006801 name: head of humerus def: "Hemispherical ball located at the lower end of the humerus that stands out prominently from the surrounding structures toward the flexor surface of the forelimb and fits into the socket joint of the olecranon process." [AAO:0000838] synonym: "eminentia capitata" RELATED [AAO:0000838] synonym: "humeral head" EXACT [FMA:13304] synonym: "radial condyle" RELATED [AAO:0000838] xref: AAO:0000838 xref: FMA:13304 xref: galen:HeadOfHumerus xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Humerus xref: SCTID:181924000 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004411 ! proximal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0006802 name: acetabular rim def: "Cartilaginous ring that forms the entire acetabular margin." [AAO:0000864] xref: AAO:0000864 xref: FMA:16941 is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001269 ! acetabular part of hip bone [Term] id: UBERON:0006803 name: obturator foramen def: "The obturator foramen is the hole created by the ischium and pubis bones of the pelvis through which nerves and muscles pass." [Wikipedia:Obturator_foramen] synonym: "foramen obturatorium" EXACT [FMA:16999] synonym: "foramen obturatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_foramen] xref: AAO:0000863 xref: FMA:16999 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Skeletpelvis-pubis.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Foramen xref: SCTID:361777006 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="AAO"} ! skeleton of pelvic girdle property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass pelvic girdle opening (AAO:0000767)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000863", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Small opening for the passage of the obturatorius nerve that perforates the pubis.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000863", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006804 name: reticular tissue def: "Loose connective tissue which consists of an irregular network of cells and reticular fibers and is spatially associated with myeloid and lymphoid cells. Examples: stroma of bone marrow, stroma of spleen, stroma of lymph node.[FMA]" [FMA:20116, FMA:FMA, Wikipedia:Reticular_connective_tissue] comment: AO notes: in FMA this is asserted as part of smooth muscle tissue synonym: "reticular connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:20116] synonym: "textus connectivus reticularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:20116] xref: AAO:0000542 xref: FMA:20116 xref: SCTID:57987007 is_a: UBERON:0011825 {source="FMA"} ! loose connective tissue property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass connective tissue proper (AAO:0000099)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000542", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Network of reticular fibres (fine collagen) that form a soft skeleton to support the lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000542", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006805 name: sternal end of clavicle def: "Medial end of the clavicle, which usually lies on the ventral side of the epicoracoid cartilage, just posterior to the epicoracoid bridge." [AAO:0000812] synonym: "extremitas medialis" RELATED [AAO:0000812] synonym: "extremitas sternalis (Clavicula)" EXACT [FMA:23297] synonym: "medial end" RELATED [AAO:0000812] synonym: "medial end of clavicle" EXACT [FMA:23297] xref: AAO:0000812 xref: FMA:23297 xref: SCTID:181920009 is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle [Term] id: UBERON:0006806 name: entepicondyle of humerus def: "A bony projection on the distal epiphysis of the humerus that is the attachment site for the flexor muscles of the manus. This condyle faces posteriorly (for sprawling tetrapods) or medially (for erect tetrapods)." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html, PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "e. medialis humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "elbow pit" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "epicondylus medialis (humerus)" RELATED [FMA:23441] synonym: "epicondylus medialis humeri" RELATED [AAO:0000782] synonym: "medial epicondyle" BROAD [AAO:0000782] synonym: "medial epicondyle of humerus" RELATED HUMAN_PREFERRED [FMA:23441] synonym: "ulnar condyle of humerus" RELATED [http://www.termiumplus.gc.ca] synonym: "ventral epicondyle of humerus" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] xref: AAO:0000782 xref: FMA:23441 xref: galen:MedialHumeralEpicondyle xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/images/172x202xentepicondyleA1.gif.pagespeed.ic.EoVgrHaVyX.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray329-Medial_epicondyle_of_the_humerus.png xref: SCTID:181929005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0009978 {source="FMA"} ! epicondyle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of humerus property_value: external_definition "Rounded projection at the distal head of the humerus and medial to the humeral head, which serves as a place of attachment for the flexor muscles antogonistic to those that attach to the lateral epicondyle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000782", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006807 name: ectepicondyle of humerus def: "A bony projection on the distal epiphysis of the humerus that is the attachment site for the extensor muscles of the distal parts of the forelimb. In humans, this is known as the lateral epicondyle, but the position varies across tetrapods." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html, PHENOSCAPE:ad, PMID:15064415, Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "dorsal epicondyle of humerus" RELATED [NCBITaxon:8782, Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "dorsal epicondyle of the humerus" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "e. lateralis humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_humerus] synonym: "ectepicondyle" BROAD [PMID:15064415] synonym: "epicondylus lateralis (humerus)" EXACT [FMA:23442] synonym: "epicondylus lateralis humeri" RELATED [AAO:0000758] synonym: "lateral epicondyle" BROAD [AAO:0000758] synonym: "lateral epicondyle of humerus" RELATED HUMAN_PREFERRED [FMA:23442] xref: AAO:0000758 xref: FMA:23442 xref: galen:LateralHumeralEpicondyle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Gray420.png xref: SCTID:181933003 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0009978 {source="FMA"} ! epicondyle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of humerus property_value: external_definition "Rounded projection at the distal head of the humerus (larger and more prominent than the lateral epicondyle) and lateral to the humeral head, which serves as a place of attachment for the mm extensor antebrachii et carpi radialis, extensor digitorum communis, and in part to the m extensor antebrachii et carpi ulnaris.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000758", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006809 name: obsolete supporting connective tissue def: "Specialized connective tissue is a connective tissue, which consists of osteocytes and chondrocytes, the intercellular matrix of which is chondrified or calcified.[FMA]" [FMA:37374, FMA:FMA] comment: made obsolete because FMA:37374 is a General anatomical term rather than a true class in the FMA synonym: "specialized connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:37374] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0006810 name: olecranon def: "The olecranon is a large, thick, curved bony eminence of the forearm that projects behind the elbow. It is situated at the upper (proximal) end of the ulna, one of the two bones in the forearm. When the hand faces forward the olecranon faces towards the back (posteriorly). It is bent forward at the summit so as to present a prominent lip which is received into the olecranon fossa of the humerus in extension of the forearm. Its base is contracted where it joins the body and the narrowest part of the upper end of the ulna. Its posterior surface, directed backward, is triangular, smooth, subcutaneous, and covered by a bursa. Its superior surface is of quadrilateral form, marked behind by a rough impression for the insertion of the Triceps brachii; and in front, near the margin, by a slight transverse groove for the attachment of part of the posterior ligament of the elbow-joint. Its anterior surface is smooth, concave, and forms the upper part of the semilunar notch. Its borders present continuations of the groove on the margin of the superior surface; they serve for the attachment of ligaments, viz. , the back part of the ulnar collateral ligament medially, and the posterior ligament laterally. From the medial border a part of the Flexor carpi ulnaris arises; while to the lateral border the anconeus muscle is attached." [Wikipedia:Olecranon] comment: Check AAO synonym: "olecranon process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Olecranon] synonym: "olecranon process of ulna" EXACT [Wikipedia:Olecranon] synonym: "ulnar process" RELATED [AAO:0000843] xref: AAO:0000843 xref: FMA:39795 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray212.png xref: ncithesaurus:Olecranon xref: SCTID:181949001 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006822 ! proximal epiphysis of ulna property_value: external_definition "Large and thick process situated at the proximal (upper) end of the ulna. Its inner face forms the medial articular surface that articulates with the humeral head.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000843", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006811 name: occipital condyle def: "The occipital condyles are undersurface facets of the occipital bone in vertebrates, which function in articulation with the superior facets of the atlas vertebra. The condyles are oval or reniform (kidney-shaped) in shape, and their anterior extremities, directed forward and medialward, are closer together than their posterior, and encroach on the basilar portion of the bone; the posterior extremities extend back to the level of the middle of the foramen magnum. The articular surfaces of the condyles are convex from before backward and from side to side, and look downward and lateralward. To their margins are attached the capsules of the atlantoC6ccipital articulations, and on the medial side of each is a rough impression or tubercle for the alar ligament. At the base of either condyle the bone is tunnelled by a short canal, the hypoglossal canal." [Wikipedia:Occipital_condyle] comment: birds have a single occipital condyle[WP] synonym: "condylus occipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipital_condyle] xref: AAO:0000330 xref: FMA:52861 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Gray129.png is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001693 ! exoccipital bone [Term] id: UBERON:0006812 name: mental foramen def: "The mental foramen is one of two holes (\"foramina\") located on the anterior surface of the mandible. It permits passage of the mental nerve and vessels. The mental foramen descends slightly in edentulous individuals." [Wikipedia:Mental_foramen] synonym: "foramen mentale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mental_foramen] synonym: "foramen mentalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mental_foramen] synonym: "mental foramina" EXACT PLURAL [OBOL:automatic] xref: AAO:0000298 xref: FMA:53171 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gray176.png xref: SCTID:244686000 is_a: UBERON:0005744 {source="FMA"} ! cranial conduit relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0006813 name: nasal skeleton def: "Structural framework that provides support to the nasal sacs and ducts." [AAO:0000320] synonym: "skeleton of nose" EXACT [FMA:60116] xref: AAO:0000320 xref: FMA:60116 xref: SCTID:281486007 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000004 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 {source="FMA"} ! olfactory apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong-abduced", notes="facial series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0006815 name: areolar connective tissue def: "Loose connective tissue located at the outer and inner layers of organs. Examples: submucosal connective tissue, tunica adventitia of artery, papillary dermis, superficial fascia of dorsum of hand.[FMA]" [FMA:63897, FMA:FMA] synonym: "loose areolar connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:63897] synonym: "loose connective tissue" RELATED [AAO:0000027] xref: AAO:0000027 xref: FMA:63897 xref: SCTID:68477002 is_a: UBERON:0011825 {source="FMA"} ! loose connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass connective tissue proper (AAO:0000099)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000027", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Also known as loose connective tissue. A pliable, mesh-like tissue with a fluid matrix that functions to cushion and protect body organs.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000027", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006820 name: body of sternum def: "The body of the sternum (gladiolus), considerably lengthier, narrower, and thinner than the manubrium, attains its greatest breadth close to the lower end." [Wikipedia:Body_of_sternum] comment: AAO - Proximal portion of the sternum, usually elaborated into a stylum that may be ossified. [AAO:0000939] synonym: "body of the sternum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_sternum] synonym: "corpus sterni" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_sternum] synonym: "gladiolus of sternum" EXACT [FMA:7487] synonym: "mesosternum" EXACT [FMA:7487] synonym: "sternal body" EXACT [FMA:7487] xref: AAO:0000939 xref: FMA:7487 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray116.png xref: SCTID:361743001 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum property_value: external_definition "Proximal portion of the sternum, usually elaborated into a stylum that may be ossified.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000939", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006821 name: cutaneous muscle xref: AAO:0000119 xref: FMA:74996 xref: ncithesaurus:Cutaneous_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001774 ! muscle of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0006822 name: proximal epiphysis of ulna def: "The head of ulna presents an articular surface, part of which, of an oval or semilunar form, is directed downward, and articulates with the upper surface of the triangular articular disk which separates it from the wrist-joint; the remaining portion, directed lateralward, is narrow, convex, and received into the ulnar notch of the radius." [Wikipedia:Head_of_ulna] synonym: "caput ulnae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:33751, FMA:TA] synonym: "caput ulnae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Head_of_ulna] synonym: "head of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33751] synonym: "proximal end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33751] synonym: "upper end of ulna" EXACT [FMA:33751] xref: FMA:33751 xref: galen:HeadOfUlna xref: SCTID:304590006 is_a: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004386 ! epiphysis of ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001424 ! ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0006828 name: trabecula carnea of atrium def: "the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the atria[MP]." [MP:0010581] comment: Dubious: Not present in any AO. Note that WP states that trabecular carnea are ventricular and 'They should not be confused with the pectinate muscles, which are present in the right[1] and left atria only' is_a: UBERON:0002511 ! trabecula carnea relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 intersection_of: UBERON:0002511 ! trabecula carnea intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0006829 name: remnant of left anterior vena cava def: "." [Wikipedia:Persistent_left_superior_vena_cava] comment: The mouse has both left and right anterior vena cava. adult humans only have a right. Postnatally the left regresses and becomes non-functional (Wessels and Sedmera 2003). is_a: UBERON:0004148 ! coronary vein relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006765 ! left anterior vena cava relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium [Term] id: UBERON:0006831 name: pre-tracheal muscle synonym: "pretracheal muscle" EXACT [MA:0001798] xref: EMAPA:25142 xref: MA:0001798 is_a: UBERON:0000933 ! pharyngeal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0006832 name: lumen of open tracheal system trachea synonym: "tracheal lumen" RELATED SENSU [FBbt:00007410] xref: FBbt:00007410 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0003127 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0003127 ! open tracheal system trachea relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0003127 ! open tracheal system trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0006833 name: lumen of trachea synonym: "lumen of cartilaginous trachea" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "tracheal lumen" EXACT [FMA:7469] xref: FMA:7469 xref: SCTID:197486000 is_a: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0006834 name: uterus or analog def: "An internal female reproductive organ that is the site of embryo development." [] subset: grouping_class synonym: "uterus" BROAD SENSU [FBbt:00004924] xref: FBbt:00004924 xref: TADS:0000421 xref: WBbt:0006760 is_a: UBERON:0003975 ! internal female genitalia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0006835 name: arthropod oviduct def: "A tube that connects ovary to the uterus." [TADS:0000415] xref: FBbt:00004911 xref: TADS:0000415 is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="FBbt"} ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0006834 ! uterus or analog relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0006836 name: medial tibial tarsal bone def: "Endochondral tarsal bone that is medially located and between the intermedium and centralia." [VSAO:0005048] synonym: "tibiale" RELATED [AAO:0000912, MA:0001350] xref: AAO:0000912 xref: MA:0001350 xref: VSAO:0005048 is_a: UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone property_value: external_definition "One of two element that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The tibiale constitutes the postaxial element. In salamanders this element is aproximatelly rounded, whereas in anurans it is an elongate, cylindrical bone with the proximal and distal heads fused to the heads of the fibulare.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000912", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006837 name: tegmen tympani def: "The Tegmental Wall or Roof (paries tegmentalis) is formed by a thin plate of bone, the tegmen tympani, which separates the cranial and tympanic cavities. It is situated on the anterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone close to its angle of junction with the squama temporalis; it is prolonged backward so as to roof in the tympanic antrum, and forward to cover in the semicanal for the Tensor tympani muscle. Its lateral edge corresponds with the remains of the petrosquamous suture[Grays] ." [http://education.yahoo.com/reference/gray/subjects/subject/230] comment: todo - check AAO; grouping is made on basis of related synonym. Crista parotica: seems to be the same as the crista prootica. However, since this lateral ridge of the otic capsule is frequently formed by the opisthotic, rather than the prootic, this may be a better name.; Crista prootica: a ledge or ridge which elaborates the dorsal surface of the prootic or, more generally, the roof of the otic capsule, laterally. The crista may extend posteriorly & laterally, continuous with the paroccipital process, and/or anteriorly or anteroventrally to protect cranial nerve foramina and form part of the fenestra ovalis/vestibuli. In basal tetrapodomorphs and tetrapods, the crista prootica forms the floor of the posttemporal fenestra. See The Prootic. In many tetrapods, the crista prootica is not ossified, or incompletely ossified. However, in frogs, the crista is the main strut joining the skull roofing bones (frontoparietals) with the squamosals. The crista prootica has a similarly expanded role in mammals where it forms an important part of the epitympanic recess and anchors the tympanohyal.[http://www.palaeos.com] subset: dubious_grouping synonym: "crista parotica" RELATED HOMOLOGY [AAO:0000116] synonym: "crista prootica" RELATED HOMOLOGY [AAO:0000116, http://www.palaeos.com/Vertebrates/Lists/Glossary/GlossaryCr.html] synonym: "paries tegmentalis cavi tympani" EXACT LATIN [FMA:56002, FMA:TA] synonym: "processus muscularis capsulae auditivae" RELATED [AAO:0000116] synonym: "processus squamosus" RELATED HOMOLOGY [AAO:0000116] synonym: "tegmental roof of tympanic cavity" EXACT [FMA:56002] synonym: "tegmental wall of tympanic cavity" EXACT [FMA:56002] xref: AAO:0000116 xref: FMA:56002 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear [Term] id: UBERON:0006838 name: anterior ramus of spinal nerve def: "The ventral ramus (anterior ramus, anterior branch, anterior divisions of the spinal nerves) supply the antero-lateral parts of the trunk, and the limbs; they are for the most part larger than the posterior divisions. In the thoracic region they remain distinct from each other and each innervates a narrow strip of muscle and skin along the sides, chest, ribs, and abdominal wall. These rami are called the intercostal nerves. In regions other than the thoracic, ventral rami converge with each other to form networks of nerves called nerve plexuses. Within each plexus, fibers from the various ventral rami branch and become redistributed so that each nerve exiting the plexus has fibers from several different spinal nerves. One advantage to having plexuses is that damage to a single spinal nerve will not completely paralyze a limb. There are four main plexuses formed by the ventral rami: The cervical plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves C1-C5. Branches of the cervical plexus, which include the phrenic nerve, innervate muscles of the neck, the diaphragm, and the skin of the neck and upper chest. The brachial plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves C5-T1. This plexus innervates the pectoral girdle and upper limb. The lumbar plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves L1-L4. The sacral plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves L4-S4. The lumbar and sacral plexuses innervate the pelvic girdle and lower limbs. The Ventral rami, including the sinuvertebral nerve branches, supply structures anterior to the facet joint, including the vertebral bodies, the discs and their ligaments and joints other spinal nerves to form the lumbo-sacral plexus." [Wikipedia:Anterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "anterior primary ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5982] synonym: "ramus anterior" BROAD [FMA:5982] synonym: "ramus anterior nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "ventral ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5982] xref: FMA:5982 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Spinal_nerve.svg is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0005476 ! spinal nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0006839 name: posterior ramus of spinal nerve def: "The posterior (or dorsal) branches (or divisions) of the spinal nerves are as a rule smaller than the anterior divisions. They are also referred to as the dorsal rami. They are directed backward, and, with the exceptions of those of the first cervical, the fourth and fifth sacral, and the coccygeal, divide into medial and lateral branches for the supply of the muscles and skin of the posterior part of the trunk. Shortly after a spinal nerve exits the intervertebral foramen, it branches into the dorsal ramus, ventral ramus, and rami communicantes. Each of these latter three structures carries both sensory and motor information. Because each spinal nerve carries both sensory and motor information, spinal nerves are referred to as bmixed nerves. b Dorsal rami carry visceral motor, somatic motor, and sensory information to and from the skin and muscles of the back. Dorsal rami remain distinct from each other, and each innervates a narrow strip of skin and muscle along the back, more or less at the level from which the ramus leaves the spinal nerve. The smaller, posteriorly-directed major terminal branch (with the ventral primary ramus) of all 31 pairs of mixed spinal nerves, formed at the intervertebral foramen and turning abruptly posteriorly to divide into lateral and medial branches, both of which will supply the deep (true) muscles of the back. The medial branch (rami medialis) of the dorsal primary ramus also supplies articular branches to the zygopophyseal joints and the periosteum of the vertebral arch. In the neck and upper back, the medial branch continues through the deep and superficial back muscles to supply overlying skin; in the lower back, the lateral branch does this. Nomina Anatomica lists dorsal primary rami as \"rami dorsales\" for each group of spinal nerves: 1) cervical (nervorum cervicalium), 2) thoracic (nervorum thoracicorum), 3) lumbar (nervorum lumbalium), 4) sacral (nervorum sacralium), and 5) coccygeal (nervi coccygei). Synonyms: ramus dorsalis nervorum spinalium, ramus dorsalis, rami posteriores nervorum spinalium, dorsal branch, posterior primary division." [Wikipedia:Posterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve] synonym: "dorsal ramus" EXACT [FMA:5983] synonym: "dorsal ramus of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5983] synonym: "posterior primary ramus" EXACT [FMA:5983] synonym: "ramus posterior" BROAD [FMA:5983] synonym: "ramus posterior nervi spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_ramus_of_spinal_nerve] xref: AAO:0010800 xref: FMA:5983 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Gray819.png is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0005476 ! spinal nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass posterior lateral line nerve (PLLN) (AAO:0010115)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010800", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "A thin ramus which branches from the common trunk of the PLLN when it separates from the postotic ganglionic complex. It turns dorsally and extends over the trunk and dorsal fin innervating the dorsal line of neuromasts.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010800", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:SIQ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006840 name: nucleus of lateral lemniscus comment: not clear if the ZFA class denotes the same entity; check relationship to midbrain tegmentum - this leads to inconsistency with ABA. The FMA class should represnet the grouping, but there is no FMA class for the singular at the moment subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral lemniscus nuclei" EXACT [ZFA:0000380] synonym: "lateral lemniscus nucleus" EXACT [TAO:0000380] synonym: "nuclei lemnisci lateralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:84025, FMA:TA] synonym: "nuclei of lateral lemniscus" RELATED [FMA:84025] synonym: "set of nuclei of lateral lemniscus" RELATED [FMA:84025] xref: ABA:NLL xref: EV:0100265 xref: FMA:84025 xref: SCTID:369023003 xref: TAO:0000380 xref: ZFA:0000380 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002128 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002597 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007634 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006841 name: central vein of liver def: "Vein that is central to a lobule in the liver." [ZFA:0005168] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "terminal branch of hepatic vein" EXACT [FMA:17544] synonym: "terminal hepatic venule" EXACT [FMA:17544] synonym: "vena centralis (Hepar)" EXACT [FMA:17544] xref: FMA:17544 xref: SCTID:272023004 xref: TAO:0005168 xref: ZFA:0005168 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003497 ! abdomen blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004647 ! liver lobule [Term] id: UBERON:0006842 name: lymphatic capillary def: "Microvessel of the lymphatic system lined with a single layer of overlapping endothelial cells. Joins to form the lymphatic vessels." [ZFA:0005252] comment: todo - check superclass subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lymph capillary" EXACT [FMA:5028] xref: FMA:5028 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymphatic_Capillary xref: TAO:0005252 xref: ZFA:0005252 is_a: UBERON:0001473 {source="FMA"} ! lymphatic vessel is_a: UBERON:0010523 {source="ZFA"} ! microcirculatory vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004536 ! lymph vasculature property_value: external_definition "Microvessel of the lymphatic system lined with a single layer of overlapping endothelial cells.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005252", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006843 name: root of cranial nerve comment: Editor note: recommend asserting under this class rather than relying on inference, as relations may change subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cranial nerve root" EXACT [FMA:52609] synonym: "cranial neural root" EXACT [FMA:52609] xref: FMA:52609 xref: SCTID:280161004 xref: TAO:0002190 xref: ZFA:0001663 is_a: UBERON:0002211 ! nerve root relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001785 intersection_of: UBERON:0002211 ! nerve root intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0006844 name: cusp of tooth def: "Acellular anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, prominence, or point that is part of the surface of a tooth[TAO]." [TAO:0001973, TAO:wd] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cusp" BROAD [] synonym: "tooth cusp" EXACT [FMA:56481] xref: FMA:56481 xref: ncithesaurus:Tooth_Cusp xref: SCTID:362107000 xref: TAO:0001973 xref: ZFA:0005434 is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003675 ! tooth crown property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is a natural outgrowth, prominence, or point that is part of the surface of a tooth.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001973", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006845 name: abductor muscle def: "A muscle that moves a body part away from the sagittal plane/midline of the body[ZFA]. For example, the abductor muscles of the legs spread the legs away from the midline and away from one another. An abductor muscle opposes an adductor muscle[BTO]." [ZFA:0005269] comment: note that in FMA the Adbuctor muscle is a subclass of Relation. It's unclear what this actually means, we leave it here as a grouping for now subset: grouping_class xref: BTO:0004642 xref: FMA:74997 xref: TAO:0002135 xref: ZFA:0005269 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass cranial muscle (TAO:0001953)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002135", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "A muscle that moves a body part away from the sagittal plane of the body.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002135", ontology="TAO", source="ZFA:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006846 name: groove def: "Anatomical line that delineates a furrow or depression in an organ or tissue." [ZFA:0001690] subset: grouping_class xref: AAO:0010276 xref: AEO:0000161 xref: EHDAA2:0003161 xref: FMA:75037 xref: TAO:0001838 xref: ZFA:0001690 is_a: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line [Term] id: UBERON:0006847 name: cerebellar commissure subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "commissura cerebelli" EXACT [ZFA:0000490] xref: FMA:77522 xref: TAO:0000490 xref: ZFA:0000490 is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0002317 ! white matter of cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0006848 name: posterior pretectal nucleus def: "Diencephalic nucleus that is part of the superficial pretectum and is rostrally contiguous with the magnocellular superficial pretectal nucleus. Cells of the caudal pretectal nucleus are slightly smaller and less orderly around a central neuropil than those of the magnocellular superficial pretectal nucleus. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain." [ZFA:0000631] subset: dubious_grouping subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal pretectal nuclei" EXACT [ZFA:0000631] synonym: "posterior pretectal nucleus" EXACT [ZFA:0000631] xref: ABA:PPT xref: FMA:84355 xref: TAO:0000631 xref: ZFA:0000631 is_a: UBERON:0006569 ! diencephalic nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002565 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002711 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002996 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006849 name: scapula def: "Endochondral bone that is dorsoventrally compressed and provides attachment site for muscles of the pectoral appendage." [VSAO:0000157] comment: Usage notes: this class subsumes the scapula of teleosts and tetrapods - note we create a specific subclasses for pectoral limb scapula and pectoral fin scapula synonym: "scapula bone" RELATED [BTO:0001218] synonym: "scapulae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000583] xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087.783 xref: VHOG:0001398 xref: VSAO:0000157 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="TAO"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0007829 ! pectoral girdle bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0007272 ! pectoral appendage skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="ZFA-abduced"} ! skeleton of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0006850 name: obsolete tetrapod pectoral girdle is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0006851 name: renal cortex peritubular capillary synonym: "kidney cortex peritubular capillary" EXACT [MA:0002590] xref: MA:0002590 is_a: UBERON:0005272 ! peritubular capillary relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 intersection_of: UBERON:0005272 ! peritubular capillary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0006852 name: glomerular visceral epithelium synonym: "podocyte layer" RELATED [MA:0002607] xref: EMAPA:28254 xref: MA:0002607 is_a: UBERON:0004188 ! glomerular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000074 ! renal glomerulus [Term] id: UBERON:0006853 name: renal cortex tubule synonym: "cortical tubule" RELATED [MA:0002609] synonym: "kidney cortex tubule" EXACT [MA:0002609] xref: EMAPA:18976 xref: MA:0002609 is_a: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 intersection_of: UBERON:0007685 ! region of nephron tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 {source="MA"} ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0006854 name: distal straight tubule postmacula segment def: "." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3123598&group_id=76834&atid=1205376] synonym: "cortical thick ascending limb of Henle's loop" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "kidney cortex loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "renal cortex loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment" EXACT [MA:th] synonym: "renal cortex thick ascending limb" EXACT [MA:th] xref: EMAPA:28402 xref: MA:0002615 is_a: UBERON:0006853 ! renal cortex tubule is_a: UBERON:0008408 ! distal tubular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001291 {source="MA"} ! thick ascending limb of loop of Henle relationship: part_of UBERON:0006853 {source="MA"} ! renal cortex tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0006855 name: ureter muscle layer synonym: "muscular coat of ureter" EXACT [FMA:15893] synonym: "muscular layer of ureter" EXACT [FMA:15893] synonym: "muscularis of ureter" EXACT [FMA:15893] synonym: "tunica muscularis (ureter)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "tunica muscularis ureteris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:15893 xref: MA:0002654 xref: SCTID:3563003 is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0009916 {source="FMA"} ! wall of ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0006856 name: interrenal gland def: "Structures in fishes homologous to the cortical tissue of the mammalian adrenal gland; they are in close proximity to or imbedded in the head kidney." [BTO:0000808, doi:10.1242/dev.00427] comment: Editor notes: check isa - not a true gland? There are two types of interrenal cells identified (1) The noradrenaline type, which contain heterogeneous vesicles with electron-dense granules located asymmetrically within the vesicular membrane. (2) The adrenaline type, in which the vesicles are smaller and contain homogenous electron-lucent granules that are separated from the vesicular membrane by a visible -- halo http://dev.biologists.org/content/130/10/2107.full subset: organ_slim synonym: "interrenal" RELATED [http://dev.biologists.org/content/130/10/2107.full] synonym: "interrenal bodies" RELATED [] synonym: "interrenal body" RELATED [BTO:0000808] synonym: "interrenal gland" RELATED [] synonym: "interrenal tissue" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000808 xref: GAID:1227 xref: MESH:A.13.530 xref: TAO:0001345 xref: VHOG:0001141 xref: ZFA:0001345 is_a: UBERON:0004177 ! hemopoietic organ is_a: UBERON:0005058 ! hemolymphoid system gland is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0006858 ! adrenal/interrenal gland is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006857 {source="ZFA"} ! interrenal primordium relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {notes="check body vs gland", source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0007132 {source="ZFA"} ! head kidney property_value: external_definition "An epithelial structure consisting of steroid producing cells interposed with chromaffin cells embedded within the head kidney. The interrenal gland is thought to be the equivalent of the mammalian adrenal cortex in zebrafish. Hsu et al. 2003.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001345", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0001235 {source="ZFA:0001345"} property_value: homology_notes "All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues, but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001141", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.518 and Figure 15-9", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006857 name: interrenal primordium comment: Development notes: splanchnic mesoderm adjacent to urogenital ridge. Editor notes: consider ceding to TAO/ZFA - however, structure also present in cyclostomes xref: TAO:0001346 xref: ZFA:0001346 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-060131-24 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="ZFA"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0001048 {source="Obol"} ! primordium is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006858 name: adrenal/interrenal gland def: "This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells[GO]" [GO:0030325] comment: Editor notes: keep this grouping class so long as it is required for GO subset: grouping_class subset: organ_slim synonym: "adrenal - interrenal gland" RELATED [VHOG:0001141] synonym: "adrenal gland - interrenal gland" EXACT [VHOG:0001141] synonym: "adrenal gland/interrenal tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "suprarenal gland - interrenal gland" RELATED [VHOG:0001141] xref: VHOG:0001141 is_a: UBERON:0002368 ! endocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005172 ! abdomen organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen property_value: homology_notes "All craniates have groups of cells homologous to the mammalian adrenocortical and chromaffin tissues, but they are scattered in and near the kidneys in fishes. (...) The cortical and chromaffin tissues come together to form adrenal glands in tetrapods.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001141", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.518 and Figure 15-9", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006859 name: swim bladder bud def: "Embryonic structure that forms from the anterior gut epithelium at the level of the second somite that then matures to form the swim bladder." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-090511-18, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-100202-11] xref: TAO:0005335 xref: ZFA:0005335 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0006860 name: swim bladder alt_id: UBERON:0008980 def: "A thin membranous, sometimes alveolated sac in the dorsal portion of the abdominal cavity. Contains a varying mixture of gases, not identical to the composition of air. May be one, two or three chambered. May be connected to the gut by a tube, the ductus pneumaticus (then called physostomous) or unconnected (then called physoclistous). May function as one or more of:- hydrostatic organ, sound producing organ, sound receptor, respiratory organ. Found in Actinopterygii. Often lacking in bottom fishes." [http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/S.htm] subset: organ_slim synonym: "air bladder" RELATED [TAO:0000076] synonym: "gas bladder" EXACT [http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/S.htm, ZFA:0000076] synonym: "swimbladder" EXACT [TAO:0000076] xref: BTO:0001607 xref: BTO:0002148 xref: EFO:0003483 xref: SCTID:64748009 xref: TAO:0000076 xref: VHOG:0000310 xref: ZFA:0000076 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-010921-495 is_a: UBERON:0000489 ! cavitated compound organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006859 ! swim bladder bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen property_value: external_definition "Cavitated compound organ that is double-chambered, located in the coelom and used to maintain buoyancy and may function as an acoustic resonator.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000076", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0002048 property_value: homology_notes "Lungs had already developed as paired ventral pockets from the intestine in the ancestor of Osteognathostomata. (...) In actinopterygian fishes, apart from Cladistia, the ventral intestinal pocket migrates dorsally and becomes the swim-bladder, a mainly hydrostatical organ (reference 1); Comparative transcriptome analyses indicate molecular homology of zebrafish swimbladder and Mammalian lung (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000310", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.210, DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0024019 Zheng W, Wang Z, Collins JE, Andrews RM, Stemple D, Gong Z, Comparative transcriptome analyses indicate molecular homology of zebrafish swimbladder and Mammalian lung. PLoS One (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006861 name: diaphysis proper def: "Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between two metaphyses." [UBERON:cjm] comment: The MA class is placed here because we assume it means diaphysis proper, because in MA epiphysis is not part of MA:0002803 synonym: "body proper of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32688] synonym: "long bone diaphysis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MA:0002803] synonym: "shaft proper of long bone" EXACT [FMA:32688] xref: FMA:32688 xref: MA:0002803 is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0006862 name: diaphysis of femur synonym: "body of femur" EXACT [FMA:32847] synonym: "corpus femoris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:32847, FMA:TA] synonym: "femoral diaphysis" EXACT [FMA:32847] synonym: "shaft of femur" EXACT [FMA:32847] xref: FMA:32847 xref: SCTID:182048009 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 intersection_of: UBERON:0004769 ! diaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:0006863 name: proximal metaphysis of femur xref: FMA:32878 is_a: UBERON:0004378 ! proximal metaphysis is_a: UBERON:0006865 ! metaphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 intersection_of: UBERON:0004378 ! proximal metaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:0006864 name: distal metaphysis of femur xref: FMA:32881 is_a: UBERON:0004377 ! distal metaphysis is_a: UBERON:0006865 ! metaphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 intersection_of: UBERON:0004377 ! distal metaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:0006865 name: metaphysis of femur synonym: "femoral metaphysis" EXACT [FMA:32875] xref: FMA:32875 is_a: UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 intersection_of: UBERON:0001438 ! metaphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0000981 ! femur [Term] id: UBERON:0006866 name: terminal part of digestive tract xref: FBbt:00005756 xref: WBbt:0005773 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001245 ! anus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut [Term] id: UBERON:0006867 name: anal part of perineum def: "The anal triangle is the posterior part of the perineum. It contains the anal canal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Anal_triangle] synonym: "anal region" BROAD [FMA:20347] synonym: "anal triangle" EXACT [FMA:20347] synonym: "regio analis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:20347, FMA:TA] synonym: "regio analis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anal_triangle] xref: FMA:20347 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Gray408.png xref: SCTID:243995004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: contains UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum [Term] id: UBERON:0006868 name: seminal fluid secreting gland subset: grouping_class subset: organ_slim xref: FBbt:00004958 xref: WBbt:0006870 is_a: UBERON:0005399 ! male reproductive gland relationship: secretes UBERON:0006530 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0006530 ! seminal fluid relationship: part_of UBERON:0006947 ! male genital duct relationship: secretes UBERON:0006530 ! seminal fluid [Term] id: UBERON:0006869 name: electric organ def: "A specialized tract of tissue (as in the electric eel) in which electricity is generated." [BTO:0000376, Wikipedia:Electric_organ] comment: todo - request go term for function assignment; todo - add CL term for electrocyte // modified muscle or nerve cells, which became specialized for producing bioelectric fields stronger than those that normal nerves or muscles produce (Albert and Crampton, 2006) xref: BTO:0000376 xref: GAID:1210 xref: MESH:A.13.332 xref: TAO:0002037 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ property_value: external_definition "Organ that is used to produce an electric field, i.e. an electric organ discharge (EOD).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002037", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006870 name: endostyle def: "An endostyle is a longitudinal ciliated groove on the ventral wall of the pharynx which produces mucus to gather food particles. It is found in urochordates and cephalochordates, and in the larvae of lampreys. It aids in transporting food to the esophagus. It is also called the hypopharyngeal groove. The endostyle in larval lampreys (ammocetes) metamorphoses into the thyroid gland in adults, and is regarded as being homologous to the thyroid gland in vertebrates. However, Dumont, et al. question whether the endostyle in ammocetes is homologous with that of the urochordates and cephalochordates. Since the endostyle is found in the three branches of chordates, it is presumed to have arisen in the common ancestor of these taxa, along with a shift to internal feeding for extracting suspended food from the water." [Wikipedia:Endostyle] comment: Dumont, et al. question whether the endostyle in ammocetes is homologous with that of the urochordates and cephalochordates[WP]. synonym: "hypopharyngeal groove" RELATED [BTO:0003173] xref: ANISEED:1235299 xref: BTO:0003173 is_a: UBERON:0006846 ! groove relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 {source="http://webs.lander.edu/rsfox/invertebrates/ammocoetes.html"} ! endocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0006562 ! pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0006871 name: footplate alt_id: UBERON:0004343 synonym: "foot disk" RELATED [] synonym: "foot plate" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA:5143 xref: EHDAA:6096 xref: EMAPA:17249 xref: ncithesaurus:Foot_Plate is_a: UBERON:0010130 ! autopod plate relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0010130 ! autopod plate intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005418 ! hindlimb bud relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0006872 name: handplate apical ectodermal ridge xref: EHDAA2:0000729 xref: EMAPA:17247 is_a: UBERON:0004356 ! apical ectodermal ridge relationship: part_of UBERON:0006875 intersection_of: UBERON:0004356 ! apical ectodermal ridge intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate relationship: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate [Term] id: UBERON:0006875 name: handplate synonym: "hand plate" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA:4194 xref: EHDAA:6242 xref: EMAPA:17245 xref: ncithesaurus:Hand_Plate is_a: UBERON:0010130 ! autopod plate relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0010130 ! autopod plate intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005417 ! forelimb bud relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0006876 name: vasculature of organ subset: non_informative synonym: "organ vasculature" EXACT [FMA:74612] synonym: "set of blood vessels of organ" EXACT [FMA:74612] xref: FMA:74612 is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0000062 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000062 ! organ [Term] id: UBERON:0006877 name: vasculature of liver comment: the EHDAA2 term and the FMA term may not be exact equivalents - check synonym: "hepatic vasculature" EXACT [FMA:73748] synonym: "liver vascular system" RELATED [EHDAA2:0003454] xref: EHDAA2:0003454 xref: FMA:73748 is_a: UBERON:0002201 ! vasculature of trunk is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006876 ! vasculature of organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver [Term] id: UBERON:0006878 name: decidua parietalis def: "The part of the decidua in the pregnant human female lining the uterus." [Fast_Health_Medical_Dictionary:http://www.fasthealth.com/dictionary/] synonym: "decidua vera" RELATED [BTO:0000334] synonym: "decidual parietalis" EXACT [FMA:86479] xref: BTO:0000334 xref: FMA:86479 xref: ncithesaurus:Decidua_Parietalis xref: SCTID:255413006 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002450 ! decidua [Term] id: UBERON:0006904 name: head mesenchyme from mesoderm comment: Editor note: merged in 'head mesoderm' from XAO/AAO and EFO here. Partially implements UBERONREF:0000002 NC meeting scheme subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cranial mesoderm" RELATED [UBERON:0005280] synonym: "head mesenchyme derived from mesoderm" EXACT [] synonym: "head mesenchyme from head mesoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001118] synonym: "head mesenchyme from mesoderm" EXACT [] synonym: "head mesoderm" RELATED [AAO:0011051, UBERON:0005280] synonym: "mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm" EXACT [EHDAA:1057] synonym: "mesenchyme from head mesoderm" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0011051 xref: EFO:0003337 xref: EFO:0003603 xref: EHDAA2:0001118 xref: EHDAA:655 xref: EMAPA:16099 xref: EMAPA:16270 xref: TAO:0000998 xref: VHOG:0000185 xref: XAO:0000053 xref: ZFA:0000998 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005253 {source="ZFA"} ! head mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 intersection_of: UBERON:0005253 ! head mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003063 {source="EHDAA2", source="XAO"} ! prechordal plate [Term] id: UBERON:0006905 name: mandibular process mesenchyme synonym: "mesenchyme of mandibular process" EXACT [EMAPA:17357] synonym: "mesenchyme of mandibular prominence" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EHDAA2:0001062 xref: EHDAA:5861 xref: EHDAA:5873 xref: EMAPA:17357 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005867 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005867 ! mandibular prominence relationship: part_of UBERON:0005867 ! mandibular prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0006906 name: ala of nose def: "The lateral surface of the external nose ends below in a rounded eminence, the wing of the nose. It is elevated by the Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle[WP]. the tissue comprising the lateral boundary of the nose, inferiorly, surrounding the naris[EoM]." [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.32600/full, Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose] synonym: "ala nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose] synonym: "ala nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose] synonym: "ala of the nose" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose] synonym: "nasal ala" EXACT [FMA:59519] synonym: "wing of nose" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose] synonym: "wing of the nose" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose] synonym: "wings of the nose" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ala_of_nose] xref: FMA:59519 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray852.png xref: SCTID:361345006 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0006907 name: slow muscle tissue def: "The darker-colored muscle tissue of some mammals, composed of slow twitch muscle fibers." [BTO:0002317] comment: The fast and slow skeletal muscles are different in terms of twitching speed (Fitts 1994), and they are believed to be derived from distinct myogenic precursors (Stockdale 1992) synonym: "red muscle" RELATED [BTO:0002317] synonym: "slow muscle" EXACT [BTO:0002317] synonym: "slow skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0002317 xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Fibers_Slow-Twitch is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0006908 name: fast muscle tissue def: "The paler-colored muscle tissue of some mammals, composed of fast twitch muscle fibers." [BTO:0002318] comment: The fast and slow skeletal muscles are different in terms of twitching speed (Fitts 1994), and they are believed to be derived from distinct myogenic precursors (Stockdale 1992) synonym: "fast muscle" EXACT [BTO:0002318] synonym: "fast skeletal muscle tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "white muscle" RELATED [BTO:0002318] xref: BTO:0002318 xref: ncithesaurus:Muscle_Fibers_Fast-Twitch is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0006909 name: lumen of gut synonym: "digestive tract lumen" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "gut cavity" EXACT [BTO:0000349] synonym: "gut lumen" EXACT [FMA:45677] synonym: "lumen of alimentary tract" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "lumen of digestive tract" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: BTO:0000349 xref: FMA:45677 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001555 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0006911 name: digestive system fluid or secretion xref: BTO:0000346 xref: MA:0002512 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system [Term] id: UBERON:0006912 name: urinary bladder muscularis mucosa synonym: "muscularis mucosa of bladder " BROAD [EMAPA:28619] synonym: "muscularis mucosa of urinary bladder " EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:28619 xref: MA:0002490 xref: ncithesaurus:Bladder_Muscularis_Mucosa is_a: UBERON:0004228 ! urinary bladder smooth muscle is_a: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 intersection_of: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001261 ! lamina propria of urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0006913 name: lip epithelium xref: BTO:0004468 xref: TAO:0005334 xref: ZFA:0005334 is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001833 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip relationship: part_of UBERON:0001833 ! lip property_value: external_definition "The thick, high squamous-stratified epithelium that covers the lips. It contains abundant melanocytes, many mucous cells and has well differentiated taste buds.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005334", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060921-12"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006914 name: squamous epithelium def: "Epithelium composed of flattened platelike cells." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] xref: BTO:0002072 xref: ncithesaurus:Squamous_Epithelium xref: SCTID:40118003 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0006915 name: stratified squamous epithelium def: "Multilaminar epithelium which consists of more than one layer of squamous cells only one layer of which is in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, epithelium of wall of esophagus.[FMA]" [FMA:45563] synonym: "epithelium stratificatum squamosum" EXACT [FMA:45563] xref: FMA:45563 xref: ncithesaurus:Stratified_Squamous_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000486 ! multilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0006916 name: non-keratinized epithelium of tongue xref: FMA:62130 is_a: UBERON:0006919 ! tongue squamous epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0006918 name: parakeratinized epithelium of tongue xref: FMA:74908 is_a: UBERON:0000488 ! atypical epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003357 ! epithelium of tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0006919 name: tongue squamous epithelium comment: note this is a singleton subclass of tongue epithelium in MA synonym: "squamous epithelium of tongue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0002786 is_a: UBERON:0003357 ! epithelium of tongue is_a: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0006920 name: esophagus squamous epithelium comment: MA introduces basal and squamous subtypes of esophagus epithelium; consider adding the FMA class 'epithelium of esophagus' here, because it is classified as squamous. BTO also has a singleton subclass synonym: "esophageal squamous epithelium" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "squamous epithelium of esophagus" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "squamous oesophageal epithelium" RELATED [MA:0001567] xref: BTO:0003635 xref: MA:0001567 xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Squamous_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0001976 ! epithelium of esophagus is_a: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0006921 name: stomach squamous epithelium xref: MA:0001611 is_a: UBERON:0000487 ! simple squamous epithelium is_a: UBERON:0001276 ! epithelium of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0006922 name: cervix squamous epithelium xref: MA:0001725 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervix_Squamous_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004801 ! cervix epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000002 intersection_of: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000002 ! uterine cervix relationship: part_of UBERON:0000002 ! uterine cervix [Term] id: UBERON:0006923 name: vagina squamous epithelium comment: note that this is a singleton subclass of vagina epithelium in MA synonym: "vaginal squamous epithelium" EXACT [] xref: MA:0001731 xref: ncithesaurus:Vaginal_Squamous_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0001344 ! epithelium of vagina is_a: UBERON:0006915 ! stratified squamous epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0006914 ! squamous epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0006924 name: stomach glandular epithelium def: "A glandular epithelium that lines the stomach. The stomach's glandular epithelium is characterized by the presence of gastric glands." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: Editor notes: we follow Kardong in treating the glandular epithelium as a distinct entity, and thus as an epithelium which has glands; FMA has 'epithelium of gastric gland', which is part of the gastric gland. Consider also: stomach glandular region as a part-of parent synonym: "epithelium of gastric gland" NARROW [FMA:63458] synonym: "gastric gland epithelium" RELATED [FMA:63458] xref: EMAPA:17623 xref: FMA:63458 xref: MA:0002784 is_a: UBERON:0001276 ! epithelium of stomach is_a: UBERON:0006929 {source="FMA"} ! glandular columnar epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0006799 ! glandular epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0006931 ! stomach glandular region mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0006925 name: digestive gland def: "A gland, such as the liver or pancreas, that secretes into the alimentary canal substances necessary for digestion." [The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language:Fourth_Edition._2000.] subset: organ_slim synonym: "digestive system gland" EXACT [AAO:0000130] xref: AAO:0000130 xref: BTO:0000345 is_a: UBERON:0002368 ! endocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 intersection_of: UBERON:0002368 ! endocrine gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system [Term] id: UBERON:0006929 name: glandular columnar epithelium def: "Simple columnar epithelium that constitutes the secretory part of a gland. Examples: epithelium of stomach, luminal epithelium of lactiferous duct.[FMA]" [FMA:64800] xref: FMA:64800 xref: ncithesaurus:Columnar_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000485 ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006799 ! glandular epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0006930 name: glandular cuboidal epithelium xref: FMA:66809 is_a: UBERON:0000484 ! simple cuboidal epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006799 ! glandular epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0006931 name: stomach glandular region mucosa xref: MA:0001614 is_a: UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0011953 intersection_of: UBERON:0001199 ! mucosa of stomach intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011953 ! stomach glandular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0011953 ! stomach glandular region [Term] id: UBERON:0006932 name: vestibular epithelium synonym: "epithelium of vestibular labyrinth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "inner ear vestibular component epithelium" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000834] synonym: "vestibular sensory epithelium" EXACT [FMA:75606] xref: FMA:75606 xref: MA:0002892 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000834 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006934 ! sensory epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006937 ! inner ear epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001862 ! vestibular labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 ! vestibular labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0006934 name: sensory epithelium def: "Simple columnar epithelium made up of cells specialized to serve as sensory cells for the reception of external stimuli, as the sensory cells of the cochlea, vestibule, nasal mucosa, and tongue." [BTO:0000314] comment: note that the definition sourced from Dorlands say 'simple columnar', but FMA says atypical synonym: "neuroepithelium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [BTO:0000314] xref: FMA:62410 xref: SCTID:309045006 is_a: UBERON:0000488 ! atypical epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000010 ! peripheral nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0006935 name: crista ampullaris neuroepithelium synonym: "ampullary crest neuroepithelium" RELATED [MA:0002870] synonym: "epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [FMA:75636] xref: FMA:75636 xref: MA:0002870 is_a: UBERON:0006932 {source="FMA"} ! vestibular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004721 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004721 ! crista ampullaris relationship: part_of UBERON:0004721 {source="MA"} ! crista ampullaris relationship: part_of UBERON:0004721 ! crista ampullaris [Term] id: UBERON:0006936 name: thymus subcapsular epithelium comment: todo - check whether this is part of the thymus or borders it xref: MA:0000769 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002122 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002122 ! capsule of thymus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002122 ! capsule of thymus [Term] id: UBERON:0006937 name: inner ear epithelium xref: MA:0001189 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear [Term] id: UBERON:0006938 name: pinna surface epithelium xref: EHDAA2:0001470 xref: EHDAA:8983 xref: EMAPA:17592 xref: VHOG:0000632 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0006946 name: efferent duct def: "The efferent ducts (or efferent ductules or ductuli efferentes) connect the rete testis with the initial section of the epididymis. The ductuli are unilaminar and composed of columnar ciliated and non-ciliated (absorptive) cells. The ciliated cells serve to stir the luminal fluids, possibly to help ensure homogeneous absorption of water from the fluid produced by the testis, which results in an increase in the concentration of luminal sperm. The epithelium is surrounded by a band of smooth muscle that helps to propel the sperm toward the epididymis." [Wikipedia:Efferent_ducts] comment: AO notes: Check EMAPA. Taxon notes: There are two basic designs for efferent ductule structure: a) multiple entries into the epididymis, as seen in most large mammals. In humans and other large mammals, there are approximately 15-20 efferent ducts, which also occupy nearly one third of the head of the epididymis. b) single entry, as seen in most small animals such as rodents, whereby the 3-6 ductules merge into a single small ductule prior to entering the epididymis synonym: "ductuli efferentes testis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Efferent_ducts] synonym: "ductuli efferentes testis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Efferent_ducts] synonym: "efferent ductule" EXACT [FMA:19081] synonym: "efferent ductule" EXACT [Wikipedia:Efferent_ducts] synonym: "vasa efferentia" RELATED [AAO:0010532, Wikipedia:Efferent_ducts] xref: AAO:0010532 xref: EMAPA:18993 xref: FMA:19081 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Hodenschema.svg xref: MA:0000398 xref: ncithesaurus:Efferent_Ductule is_a: UBERON:0005904 ! duct of male reproductive system relationship: channels_from UBERON:0003959 ! rete testis relationship: channels_into UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0006947 {source="FMA"} ! male genital duct property_value: external_definition "Any of a group ranging from one to twelve (varies in species) small seminal ducts per testis which transport sperm from the testes to the kidney.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010532", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006947 name: male genital duct alt_id: UBERON:0010140 def: "A duct or series of ducts that transports sperm from the gonad. In mammals this is from the seminiferous tubules through rete testis, vas efferentia, epididymis, vas deferens, ejeculatory duct to the urethra." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Taxon notes: we use this as a generic grouping class for a number of taxa. AO notes: in FMA includes as parts: seminal vesicle, efferent ductule (vas efferentia), epididymis, deferent duct (vas deferens), ejaculatory duct subset: grouping_class synonym: "sperm duct" EXACT [ZFA:0001268] synonym: "sperm ducts" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001268] xref: FMA:55678 xref: TAO:0001268 xref: ZFA:0001268 is_a: UBERON:0005904 ! duct of male reproductive system relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001968 ! semen relationship: channels_from UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004054 ! internal male genitalia [Term] id: UBERON:0006948 name: efferent duct epithelium synonym: "epithelium of efferent ductule of testis" EXACT [FMA:19195] xref: FMA:19195 xref: MA:0001734 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0006946 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006946 ! efferent duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0006946 ! efferent duct [Term] id: UBERON:0006949 name: cervical loop def: "The cervical loop is the location on an enamel organ in a developing tooth where the outer enamel epithelium and the inner enamel epithelium join. The cervical loop is a histologic term indicating a specific epithelial structure at the apical side of the tooth germ, consisting of loosely aggregated stellate reticulum in the center surrounded by stratum intermedium. These tissues are enveloped by a basal layer of epithelium known on the outside of the tooth as outer enamel epithelium and on the inside as inner enamel epithelium. During root formation the inner layers of epithelium disappear and only the basal layers are left creating Hertwig's Epithelial Root Sheath (HERS). At this point it is usually referred to as HERS instead of the cervical loop to indicate the structural difference[WP]." [Wikipedia:Cervical_loop] is_a: UBERON:0003843 ! dental epithelium relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0006951 ! inner dental epithelium relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0006952 ! outer dental epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ [Term] id: UBERON:0006950 name: stellate reticulum alt_id: UBERON:0007441 def: "The stellate reticulum is a group of cells located in the center of the enamel organ of a developing tooth. These cells are star shaped and synthesize glycosaminoglycans. As glycosamingoglycans are produced, water is drawn in between the cells and stretch them apart. As they are moved further away from one another, the stellate reticulum maintain contact with one another through desmosomes, resulting in their unique appearance. stellate reticulum is lost after the first layer of dentin is laid down. this brings cells in inner enamel epithelium closer to blood vessels at the periphery[WP]." [Wikipedia:Stellate_reticulum] synonym: "reticulum stellatum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stellate_reticulum] xref: BTO:0003910 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Cervical-loop.png xref: ncithesaurus:Stellate_Reticulum is_a: UBERON:0003843 ! dental epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 {source="BTO"} ! tooth enamel organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006949 ! cervical loop [Term] id: UBERON:0006951 name: inner dental epithelium def: "Inner layer of the dental organ, composed of ameloblasts[ZFA]. The inner enamel epithelium, also known as the internal enamel epithelium, is a layer of cells located on the rim nearest the odontogenic papilla of the enamel organ in a developing tooth. This layer is first seen during the bell stage. The location of the enamel organ where the outer and inner enamel epithelium join is called the cervical loop[WP]." [Wikipedia:Inner_enamel_epithelium, ZFIN:curator] synonym: "epithelium enameleum internum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inner_enamel_epithelium] synonym: "inner enamel epithelium" EXACT [ZFA:0005136] xref: BTO:0003463 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Cervical-loop.png xref: ncithesaurus:Inner_Enamel_Epithelium xref: TAO:0005136 xref: ZFA:0005136 is_a: UBERON:0003843 {source="ZFA"} ! dental epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ property_value: external_definition "Inner layer of the dental organ, composed of ameloblasts.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005136", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006952 name: outer dental epithelium def: "Outer layer of the dental organ[ZFA]. a layer of cuboidal cells located on the periphery of the enamel organ in a developing tooth. This layer is first seen during the bell stage." [Wikipedia:Outer_enamel_epithelium, ZFIN:curator] synonym: "epithelium enameleum externum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Outer_enamel_epithelium] synonym: "external dental epithelium" EXACT [BTO:0003462] synonym: "external enamel epithelium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Outer_enamel_epithelium] synonym: "outer enamel epithelium" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "outer enamel epithilium" RELATED [TAO:0005137] xref: BTO:0003462 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Cervical-loop.png xref: ncithesaurus:Outer_Enamel_Epithelium xref: TAO:0005137 xref: ZFA:0005137 is_a: UBERON:0003843 {source="ZFA"} ! dental epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 ! tooth enamel organ property_value: external_definition "Outer layer of the dental organ.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005137", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006953 name: ejaculatory duct epithelium def: "The ejaculatory duct epithelium is composed of cuboidal to columnar cells between or through which project the terminal parts of the ducts of the unicellular prostate glands." [PMID:1238970] comment: TODO: split off insect classes xref: BTO:0002618 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000999 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0000999 ! ejaculatory duct [Term] id: UBERON:0006954 name: mammary myoepithelium synonym: "lactiferous ductal myo-epithelium" EXACT [FMA:67798] synonym: "myo-epithelium of lactiferous duct" EXACT [FMA:67798] synonym: "myoepithelium of lactiferous duct" EXACT [FMA:67798] xref: BTO:0002310 xref: FMA:67798 is_a: UBERON:0000420 ! myoepithelium is_a: UBERON:0003244 ! epithelium of mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0000420 ! myoepithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0006955 name: uterine epithelium synonym: "uterus epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0003082] xref: BTO:0003082 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0006956 name: buccal mucosa def: "The inner lining of the cheeks and lips." [Medical_Dictionary:http://www.medterms.com/] xref: BTO:0003833 xref: FMA:59785 xref: ncithesaurus:Buccal_Mucosa xref: SCTID:16811007 is_a: UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek relationship: part_of UBERON:0003729 ! mouth mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0006957 name: submandibular gland primordium epithelium xref: EHDAA2:0001940 xref: EHDAA:9257 xref: EMAPA:17756 is_a: UBERON:0004809 ! salivary gland epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0006298 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006298 ! submandibular gland primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006298 ! submandibular gland primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0006958 name: great vein of heart def: "The Great Cardiac Vein (left coronary vein) begins at the apex of the heart and ascends along the anterior longitudinal sulcus to the base of the ventricles. It then curves to the left in the coronary sulcus, and reaching the back of the heart, opens into the left extremity of the coronary sinus. It receives tributaries from the left atrium and from both ventricles: one, the left marginal vein, is of considerable size, and ascends along the left margin of the heart." [Wikipedia:Great_cardiac_vein] synonym: "great cardiac vein" EXACT [FMA:4707] synonym: "vena cordis magna, vena cardiaca magna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Great_cardiac_vein] xref: EHDAA2:0004508 xref: FMA:4707 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Gray556.png xref: MA:0002131 xref: ncithesaurus:Great_Cardiac_Vein xref: SCTID:277728005 is_a: UBERON:0004148 ! coronary vein relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0006959 name: mandible angular process def: "a process which protrudes from the ventral caudal angle of the mandible, and acts as the attachment of the digastric muscle." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mandibular+angular+process] synonym: "mandibular angle" RELATED [MA:0002873] xref: MA:0002873 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0006960 name: ovary stroma def: "The stroma of the ovary is a peculiar soft tissue, abundantly supplied with blood vessels, consisting for the most part of spindle-shaped cells with a small amount of ordinary connective tissue. These cells have been regarded by some anatomists as unstriped muscle cells, which, indeed, they most resemble; by others as connective-tissue cells. On the surface of the organ this tissue is much condensed, and forms a layer composed of short connective-tissue fibers, with fusiform cells between them. The stroma of the ovary may contain interstitial cells resembling those of the testis." [Wikipedia:Stroma_of_ovary_%28animal_tissue%29_of_ovary] synonym: "interstitial tissue of ovary" EXACT [FMA:18626] synonym: "ovarian stroma" EXACT [FMA:18626] synonym: "ovary stroma" EXACT [MA:0002991] synonym: "stroma of the ovary" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stroma_of_ovary] synonym: "stroma ovarica" EXACT [FMA:18626] synonym: "stroma ovarii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stroma_of_ovary] xref: EMAPA:28880 xref: FMA:18626 xref: MA:0002991 xref: ncithesaurus:Stroma_of_the_Ovarian_Cortex xref: SCTID:259306002 is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 intersection_of: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0006964 name: pars distalis of adenohypophysis def: "The distal part of adenohypophysis: the part that makes up the main body of the gland." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource, Wikipedia:Pars_distalis] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "anterior lobe" RELATED [MA:0000854] synonym: "pars anterior" BROAD [EHDAA2:0001416, MA:0000854, ZFA:0001195] synonym: "pars anterior of adenohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74630] synonym: "pars distalis" RELATED [MA:0000854] synonym: "pars distalis (glandula pituitaria)" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74630, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars distalis adenohypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001787] synonym: "pars distalis adenohypophysis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:74630, FMA:TA] synonym: "pars distalis lobi anterioris hypophyseos" RELATED [BTO:0001787] synonym: "pars distalis of anterior lobe of pituitary gland" EXACT [FMA:74630] synonym: "pars glandularis" RELATED [MA:0000854] synonym: "pars glandularis of adenohypophysis" EXACT [FMA:74630] xref: AAO:0010542 xref: BTO:0001787 xref: EHDAA2:0001416 xref: EHDAA:7532 xref: EMAPA:17515 xref: FMA:74630 xref: MA:0000854 xref: TAO:0001195 xref: VHOG:0000244 xref: ZFA:0001195 is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002196 {source="MA"} ! adenohypophysis property_value: external_definition "Region of the adenohypophysis which produces the follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, thyrotropin, and adrenocorticotropin.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010542", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The anterior part of the adenohypophysis. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000244", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pars+anterior"} property_value: homology_notes "It (the hypophysis) develops embryonically in all vertebrates from two ectodermal evaginations that meet and unite. An infundibulum grows ventrally from the diencephalon of the brain, and Rathke's pouch extends dorsally from the roof of the developing mouth, or stomodaeum. The infundibulum remains connected to the floor of the diencephalon, which becomes the hypothalamus, and gives rise to the part of the gland known as the neurohypophysis. (...) Rathke's pouch loses its connection with the stomodaeum in most adult vertebrates and gives rise to the rest of the gland, the adenohypophysis. (...) A well-developed hypophyseal system with functional connections to the hypothalamus is unique to craniates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000244", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.510 and Figure 15-5", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006965 name: vascular cord def: "The vascular cord is the primordial vasculature that will develop into blood vessels by the process of tubulogenesis[GO]. The vascular cord is composed of angioblast or vascular endothelial cells in a solid linear mass called a cord. The cord then undergoes tubulogenesis to form the lumen of the vessels[ZFA]." [GO:0072360, ZFA:0005077] xref: EFO:0003709 xref: TAO:0005077 xref: ZFA:0005077 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system [Term] id: UBERON:0006966 name: heart capillary def: "." [GO:0003248] is_a: UBERON:0001982 ! capillary is_a: UBERON:0003498 ! heart blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0001982 ! capillary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0006967 name: horn def: "a pointed projection of the skin on the head of various animals, consisting of a covering of horn (keratin and other proteins) surrounding a core of living bone." [Horn_(anatomy)] xref: GAID:1225 xref: MESH:A.13.507 is_a: UBERON:0006969 ! cranial appendage property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 {source="ISBN10:9780716717553"} [Term] id: UBERON:0006968 name: keratin sheath of horn is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0006967 ! horn [Term] id: UBERON:0006969 name: cranial appendage is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0006970 name: bony core of horn is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0006967 ! horn [Term] id: UBERON:0006971 name: antler def: "Antlers are the usually large, branching bony appendages on the heads of most deer species." [Wikipedia:Antler] xref: BTO:0001684 xref: GAID:1226 xref: MESH:A.13.507.288 xref: SCTID:410034008 is_a: UBERON:0006969 ! cranial appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0006972 name: nephridium def: "An exceretory tubule that usually opens to the exterior by a nephridiopore. The inner end of the tubule may be blind, ending in flame cells (protonephridium) or may open into the coelom through a ciliated funnel (metanephridium)." [Wikipedia:Nephridium] xref: BTO:0000923 is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube [Term] id: UBERON:0006973 name: protonephridium def: "a network of dead-end tubules lacking internal openings found in the Phylums Platyhelminthes, kinorhyncha and Rotifera. The ends are called flame cells (if cilliated) or solenocytes (if flagellated); they function in osmoregulation and ionoregulation. The terminal cells are located at the blind end of the protonephridium. Each cell has one or more cilia and their beating inside the protonephridial tube creates an outward going current and hence a partial pressurization in the blind of the tube. Because of this pressurization drives waste fluids from the inside of the animal, they are pulled through small perforations in the terminal cells and into the protonephridium. The perforations in the terminal cell are large enough for small molecules to pass, but larger proteins are retained within the animal. From the bottom of the protonephridium the solutes are led through the tube, formed by the canal cells, and exits the animal from a small opening formed by the nephridiopore. Selective reabsorption of useful molecules by the canal cells occurs as the solutes pass down the tubule. Protonephridia are generally found in basal organisms such as flatworms. Protonephridia likely first arose as a way to cope with a hypotonic environment by removing excess water from the organism (osmoregulation). Their use as excretory/ionoregulatory structures likely arose secondarily." [Wikipedia:Nephridium#Metanephridia] xref: BILA:0000126 is_a: UBERON:0006972 ! nephridium [Term] id: UBERON:0006974 name: metanephridium def: "a type of excretory gland or nephridium found in many types of invertebrates such as Annelids, Arthropods and Molluscs. It typically consists of a ciliated funnel opening into the body cavity or coelom connected to a duct which may be variously glandularized, folded or expanded (vesiculate) and which typically opens to the organism's exterior. These ciliated tubules pump water carrying surplus ions, metabolic waste, toxins from food, and useless hormones out of the organism through openings known as nephrostomes. This waste is passed out of the body at the nephridiopore. The primary urine produced by filtration of blood (or a similar functioning fluid) is modified into secondary urine through selective reabsorption by the cells lining the metanephridium. In many earthworms the nephridial ducts open into the digestive tract instead, a condition known as enteronephry." [Wikipedia:Nephridium#Metanephridia] xref: BILA:0000127 is_a: UBERON:0006972 ! nephridium [Term] id: UBERON:0006976 name: peptonephridium def: "Organs opening into the buccal cavity of pharynx (supposedly modified nephridia) of invertebrates." [BTO:0004280] subset: organ_slim synonym: "esophageal appendage" RELATED [BTO:0004280] synonym: "oesophageal appendage" RELATED [BTO:0004280] xref: BTO:0004280 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006972 ! nephridium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0006983 name: anatomical point def: "Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface." [CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010266 xref: AEO:0000009 xref: BILA:0000009 xref: CARO:0000009 xref: EHDAA2:0003009 xref: FMA:9658 xref: TAO:0001839 is_a: UBERON:0000466 ! immaterial anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0006984 name: anatomical surface def: "Non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions, that is demarcated by anatomical lines or points on the external or internal surfaces of anatomical structures." [CARO:MAH] subset: upper_level xref: AAO:0010270 xref: BILA:0000010 xref: CARO:0000010 xref: EHDAA2:0003192 xref: FMA:24137 xref: ID:0000000 xref: ncithesaurus:Anatomic_Surface xref: ZFA:0005594 is_a: UBERON:0000466 ! immaterial anatomical entity [Term] id: UBERON:0007005 name: cardiac mesoderm def: "the splanchnic mesoderm in the cardiogenic region where the heart develops; it gives rise to endocardial heart tubes that fuse to form the primordial cardiac tube, the heart primordium[web]. Two migratory heart primordia that move ventrally during the course of neurulation, and then fuse[XAO]." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/cardiogenic-mesoderm.html, XAO:0000235] comment: consider FBbt:00005541 synonym: "cardiogenic mesoderm" RELATED [http://www.drugs.com/dict/cardiogenic-mesoderm.html] synonym: "heart primordia" RELATED [XAO:0000235] xref: AAO:0011021 xref: BILA:0000051 xref: EHDAA:385 xref: SCTID:360387000 xref: VHOG:0001641 xref: XAO:0000235 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004872 ! splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm relationship: induced_by UBERON:0009881 ! anterior lateral plate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0004140 ! heart field relationship: part_of UBERON:0009881 ! anterior lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0007006 name: obsolete blastomere def: "a type of cell produced by division of the egg after fertilization." [Wikipedia:Blastomere] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0007010 name: cleaving embryo def: "Organism at the cleavage stage." [OBOL:automatic] xref: BILA:0000058 is_a: UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000107 relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000107 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage intersection_of: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage [Term] id: UBERON:0007021 name: juvenile organism synonym: "juvenile" BROAD [] synonym: "juveniles" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0002047] xref: BILA:0000076 xref: TAO:0002047 is_a: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000112 relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000112 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage intersection_of: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage property_value: external_definition "Whole organism that is not fully grown or sexually mature.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002047", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007023 name: adult organism synonym: "adult" BROAD [] synonym: "adults" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0002046] xref: BILA:0000078 xref: FBbt:00003004 xref: galen:Adult xref: HAO:0000087 xref: ncithesaurus:Adult xref: TAO:0002046 is_a: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000113 relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000113 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage intersection_of: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage property_value: external_definition "Whole organism that is fully grown or sexually mature.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002046", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007026 name: primitive gut xref: BILA:0000084 xref: ncithesaurus:Primordial_Gut xref: SCTID:360394002 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000109 ! gastrula stage [Term] id: UBERON:0007029 name: surface synonym: "skin" RELATED [BILA:0000118] xref: AEO:0000154 xref: BILA:0000118 xref: EHDAA2:0003154 xref: galen:Surface xref: ncithesaurus:Surface is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0007036 name: photosensory system xref: BILA:0000140 is_a: UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system [Term] id: UBERON:0007037 name: mechanosensory system xref: BILA:0000142 is_a: UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system [Term] id: UBERON:0007094 name: visceral muculature xref: BILA:0000132 is_a: UBERON:0000383 ! musculature of body [Term] id: UBERON:0007095 name: somatic musculature xref: BILA:0000133 is_a: UBERON:0000383 ! musculature of body [Term] id: UBERON:0007097 name: chordo neural hinge def: "Portion of tissue that is posterior to the developing notochord during tail bud extension." [http://dev.biologists.org/content/136/10/1591.full, ZFA:0001082] comment: In mouse and chick, the derivative of the NSB (with a minor contribution from the CLE), the `chordo-neural-hinge'(CNH) (Cambray and Wilson, 2007; Catala et al., 1995; Charrier et al., 1999), contains progenitors for the ventral neural tube, somites and notochord (Cambray and Wilson, 2002; McGrew et al., 2008). The CNH is continuous with the most recently formed neural tube and notochord (Fig. 2C-D′). By contrast, the tissue immediately caudal to the CNH exclusively produces somites in mouse and chick (McGrew et al., 2008). synonym: "chordoneural hinge" EXACT [VHOG:0001382] xref: EFO:0003623 xref: TAO:0001082 xref: VHOG:0001382 xref: XAO:0000108 xref: ZFA:0001082 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002533 ! tail bud property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue is a posterior to the developing notochord during tailbud extension.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001082", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "Although there is mounting evidence showing the comparability of events and formation of different nascent tissue types during gastrulation and tail development, recent work also suggests the presence of an ongoing stem cell population capable of contributing to multiple tissue types in the tail of several different vertebrates, situated in the chordoneural hinge region of the tail bud. It would seem likely that secondary signaling centers regulate the fate to be adopted by such pluripotent progenitors.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001382", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/dvdy.20017 Liu C, Knezevic V, Mackem S, Ventral tail bud mesenchyme is a signaling for tail paraxial mesoderm induction. Developmental Dynamics (2004)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007098 name: mandibular neural crest def: "Cranial neural crest that migrates into the mandibular arch." [ZFA:0007064] xref: TAO:0007064 xref: XAO:0000024 xref: ZFA:0007064 is_a: UBERON:0003099 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003852 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombencephalon neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0007099 name: hyoid neural crest def: "Cranial neural crest that migrates into the hyoid arch." [ZFA:0007065] synonym: "hyoid crest" EXACT [XAO:0000025] xref: TAO:0007065 xref: XAO:0000025 xref: ZFA:0007065 is_a: UBERON:0003099 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003852 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombencephalon neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0007100 name: circulatory organ def: "A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood[GO]." [GO:0007507] comment: editor note: we need to find the appropriate GO process to use for the definition - 'blood circulation' may not apply to invertebrates; 'circulatory system process' is circular. Note we cannot use a part_of-based definition as this results in the iris and all vascular elements being categorized as circulatory organs. Taxon notes: note we reserve the subclass 'heart' from the vertebrate multi-chambered heart. "The first heart-like organ is believed to have appeared 500my ago in an ancestral bilaterian". Amniotes: four-chambered heart. Amphibians: two atria, one ventricle, pulmonary; fish: single atrium and ventricle; amphioxus: tubular, non-striated, closed, unidirectional; ascidians: tubular, striated, open, bidirectional; arthropods: tubular, open; C elegans: contractile pharynx; Cnideria: striated muscle cells associated with gastrodermis. Gene notes: Bmp, Nkx, Gata subset: grouping_class synonym: "adult heart" RELATED [FBbt:00003154] synonym: "cardiac pump" EXACT [] synonym: "cardiac structure" RELATED [] synonym: "dorsal tube" NARROW [Wikipedia:Heart] synonym: "heart" NARROW [GO:0007507] synonym: "heart or heart like organ" EXACT [] xref: ANISEED:1235302 xref: FBbt:00003154 xref: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/313/5795/1922/F1.large.jpg xref: TADS:0000147 is_a: UBERON:0003103 ! compound organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001009 ! circulatory system property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7718 {source="PMID:20959416"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007105 name: vitelline duct def: "In the human embryo, the vitelline duct, also known as the omphalomesenteric duct, is a long narrow tube that joins the yolk-sac to the midgut lumen of the developing fetus. It appears at the end of the fourth week, when the yolk-sac presents the appearance of a small pear-shaped vesicle (the umbilical vesicle). The vesicle can be seen in the afterbirth as a small, somewhat oval-shaped body whose diameter varies from 1 mm to 5 mm. It is situated between the amnion and the chorion and may lie on or at a varying distance from the placenta. Generally, the duct fully obliterates (narrows and disappears) during the seventh week, but a failure of the duct to close is termed a vitelline fistula. This results in discharge of meconium from the umbilicus. About two per cent of fetuses exhibit a type of vitelline fistula characterized by persistence of the proximal part of the vitelline duct as a diverticulum protruding from the small intestine, Meckel's diverticulum, which is situated about two feet above the ileocecal junction, and may be attached by a fibrous cord to the abdominal wall at the umbilicus. Sometimes a narrowing of the lumen of the ileum is seen opposite the site of attachment of the duct." [Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct] synonym: "ductus vitellinus" RELATED [] synonym: "embryonic yolk stalk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct] synonym: "omphalomesenteric duct" RELATED [MESH:A.16.254.891] synonym: "omphalomesenteric duct" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct] synonym: "yolk duct" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct] synonym: "yolk-stalk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct] xref: EMAPA:26139 xref: GAID:1314 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Gray30.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.891 xref: SCTID:280701007 xref: Wikipedia:Vitelline_duct is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 ! midgut [Term] id: UBERON:0007106 name: chorionic villus def: "One of the minute vascular projections of the fetal chorion that combines with maternal uterine tissue to form the placenta." [BTO:0001161, Wikipedia:Chorionic_villi] comment: Taxon notes: The mouse and human placentas have labyrinthine and villous types of interdigitation between maternal and fetal tissues, respectively. synonym: "chorionic villi" RELATED [MESH:A.16.254.403.473.200] synonym: "chorionic villous" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chorionic_villi] synonym: "chorionic villus" RELATED [GAID:1300] synonym: "placental villi" RELATED [GAID:1300] synonym: "placental villus" RELATED [GAID:1300] xref: BTO:0001161 xref: EHDAA2:0004717 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Gray29.png xref: MESH:A.16.254.403.473.200 xref: ncithesaurus:Chorionic_Villus xref: SCTID:360403003 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004027 {source="Obol"} ! chorionic plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 {source="BTO"} ! chorion [Term] id: UBERON:0007108 name: vernix caseosa def: "An unctuous substance composed of sebum and desquamated epithelial cells, which covers the skin of the fetus." [MESH:A.12.200.946] synonym: "vernix caseosa" RELATED [MESH:A.12.200.946] xref: GAID:1174 xref: MESH:A.12.200.946 xref: ncithesaurus:Vernix_Caseosa is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000323 ! late embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0007109 name: meconium def: "A dark greenish mass that accumulates in the bowel during fetal life and is discharged shortly after birth." [BTO:0000838] xref: BTO:0000838 xref: ncithesaurus:Meconium is_a: UBERON:0001988 ! feces relationship: part_of UBERON:0000323 ! late embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0007111 name: Douglas' pouch def: "The rectouterine pouch (or rectouterine excavation, rectovaginal, Ehrhardt-Cole Recess or Pouch of Douglas) is the extension of the peritoneal cavity between the rectum and back wall of the uterus in the female human body. The rectouterine pouch is used in the treatment of end-stage renal failure in patients who are treated by peritoneal dialysis. The tip of the dialysis catheter is placed into the deepest point of the pouch. In women it is the deepest point of the peritoneal cavity, posterior to (behind) the uterus and anterior to (in front of) rectum. (The pouch on the other side of the uterus is the vesicouterine excavation. ) It is near the posterior fornix of the vagina. In men, the region corresponding to the rectouterine pouch is the rectovesical excavation, which lies between the urinary bladder and rectum. (There is no equivalent to the vesicouterine excavation.)" [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch] synonym: "cavum Douglassi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch] synonym: "cul de sac of douglas" RELATED [MESH:A.01.047.025.600.225] synonym: "cul-de-sac of douglsa" RELATED [MESH:A.01.047.025.600.225] synonym: "douglas cul-de-sac" RELATED [MESH:A.01.047.025.600.225] synonym: "douglas pouch" RELATED [MESH:A.01.047.025.600.225] synonym: "douglas' cul de sac" RELATED [MESH:A.01.047.025.600.225] synonym: "douglas' cul-de-sac" RELATED [MESH:A.01.047.025.600.225] synonym: "douglas' pouch" RELATED [MESH:A.01.047.025.600.225] synonym: "excavatio recto-uterina" EXACT [FMA:14728] synonym: "excavatio rectouterina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:14728, FMA:TA] synonym: "excavatio rectouterina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch] synonym: "fossa Douglasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch] synonym: "pouch of douglas" EXACT [FMA:14728] synonym: "recto-uterine pouch" EXACT [FMA:14728] synonym: "recto-uterine pouch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch] synonym: "rectouterine excavation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_pouch] synonym: "rectouterine pouch" EXACT [FMA:14728, MESH:A.01.047.025.600.225] synonym: "rectouterine space" RELATED [FMA:14728] xref: FMA:14728 xref: GAID:20 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/WeiblichesBeckenMedian.gif xref: MESH:A.01.047.025.600.225 xref: ncithesaurus:Recto-Vaginal_Pouch xref: SCTID:181447009 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum [Term] id: UBERON:0007113 name: venom def: "Poisonous animal secretions forming fluid mixtures of many different enzymes, toxins, and other substances. These substances are produced in specialized glands and secreted through specialized delivery systems (nematocysts, spines, fangs, etc.) for disabling prey or predator." [MESH:A.12.200.935] synonym: "venom" RELATED [MESH:A.12.200.935] xref: BTO:0001439 xref: MESH:A.12.200.935 is_a: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion [Term] id: UBERON:0007115 name: deciduous tooth def: "One of the first set of teeth in the growth development of humans and many other mammals[WP]. The 20 teeth of the first dentition, which are shed and replaced by the permanent teeth, usually by the age of six years. All deciduous teeth are normally expected to erupt by the age of two and a half years[MESH]." [MESH:A.14.254.860.700, Wikipedia:Deciduous_teeth] comment: GAT in FMA. synonym: "dentes decidui" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deciduous_teeth] synonym: "primary tooth" EXACT [FMA:55655] synonym: "temporary tooth" EXACT [FMA:55655] xref: FMA:55655 xref: GAID:1266 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Deciduous_teeth_by_David_Shankbone.jpg xref: MESH:A.14.254.860.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Temporary_Tooth xref: SCTID:245612004 is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007116 intersection_of: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition relationship: part_of UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0007116 name: primary dentition def: "The set of teeth first in order or time of development that will be replaced by permanent dentition upon their loss." [MESH:A.14.254.245] synonym: "baby teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151] synonym: "deciduous dentition" RELATED [GAID:1252] synonym: "deciduous teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151] synonym: "dentes decidui" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75151, FMA:TA] synonym: "milk teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151] synonym: "primary teeth" EXACT [GAID:1266] synonym: "primary teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151] synonym: "set of deciduous teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151] synonym: "set of primary teeth" EXACT [FMA:75151] synonym: "tooth of primary dentition" EXACT [] xref: FMA:75151 xref: GAID:1252 xref: MESH:A.14.254.245 is_a: UBERON:0003672 ! dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0007118 name: umbilicus def: "The pit in the center of the abdominal wall marking the point where the umbilical cord entered in the fetus." [MESH:A.01.047.849] synonym: "navel" EXACT [FMA:61584] synonym: "umbilical part of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:61584] synonym: "umbilical region" EXACT [FMA:61584] xref: FMA:61584 xref: GAID:29 xref: galen:Umbilicus xref: MESH:A.01.047.849 xref: ncithesaurus:Umbilicus xref: SCTID:243961003 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0007119 name: neck of femur def: "The femur neck or neck of the femur is a flattened pyramidal process of bone, connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft, and forming with the latter a wide angle opening medialward." [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] synonym: "collum femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] synonym: "femoral neck" EXACT [FMA:42385] synonym: "femoral neck" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] synonym: "femur neck" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] synonym: "neck of femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] synonym: "neck of the femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Femur_neck] xref: FMA:42385 xref: GAID:201 xref: galen:NeckOfFemur xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray243.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.500.247.510 xref: ncithesaurus:Femoral_Neck xref: SCTID:361792007 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006863 ! proximal metaphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0007120 name: premolar tooth def: "The premolar teeth or bicuspids are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. In humans, there are two premolars per quadrant, making eight premolars total in the mouth. They have at least two cusps. Premolars can be considered as a 'transitional tooth' during chewing, or mastication. It has properties of both the anterior canines and posterior molars, and so food can be transferred from the canines to the premolars and finally to the molars for grinding, instead of directly from the canines to the molars. The premolars in humans are the maxillary first premolar, maxillary second premolar, mandibular first premolar, and the mandibular second premolar. There is always one large buccal cusp, especially so in the mandibular first premolar. The lower second premolar almost always presents with two lingual cusps. Premolar teeth by definition are permanent teeth distal to the canines preceded by deciduous molars. In primitive mammals there are four premolars per quadrant. The most mesial two have been lost in Catarrhines. Paleontologists refer to human premolars as Pm3 and Pm4." [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "bicuspid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "bicuspid teeth" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "bicuspid tooth" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "bicuspids" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "biscuspid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "dens premolaris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "dentes premolares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "dentes premolares" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "first bicuspid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "first premolar" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "mandibular bicuspid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "maxillary bicuspid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "maxillary premolar" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "pm3 %28dentistry%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "pr%c3%a6molares" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "praemolares" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "premolar teeth" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "premolar tooth" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "premolars" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "second bicuspid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "second premolar" RELATED [Wikipedia:Premolar] synonym: "secondary premolar tooth" EXACT [FMA:55637] xref: FMA:55637 xref: GAID:1261 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Gray1003.png xref: MESH:A.14.254.860.150 xref: ncithesaurus:Bicuspid_Tooth xref: SCTID:304572005 is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0007121 name: dermatome segment of skin def: "A dermatome is an area of skin that is mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve. There are eight cervical nerves, twelve thoracic nerves, five lumbar nerves and five sacral nerves. Each of these nerves relays sensation (including pain) from a particular region of skin to the brain[WP]." [Wikipedia:Dermatome_(anatomy)] synonym: "dermatome" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dermatome_(anatomy)] synonym: "dermatomic area" RELATED [Wikipedia:Dermatome_(anatomy)] xref: FMA:80301 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Dermatomes_and_cutaneous_nerves_-_posterior.png/230px-Dermatomes_and_cutaneous_nerves_-_posterior.png xref: SCTID:244023005 is_a: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin [Term] id: UBERON:0007122 name: pharyngeal pouch 1 alt_id: UBERON:0005718 def: "The endoderm lines the future auditory tube (Pharyngotympanic Eustachian tube) , middle ear, mastoid antrum, and inner layer of the tympanic membrane. & origin of Mandibular nerve & Maxillary artery[WP]. The first pouch lies between the first and second arches[PMID]" [PMID:16313389, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#First_pouch] comment: we use adjacency relations rather than part_of, as in EHDAA2 subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "1st arch branchial pouch" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000013] synonym: "1st arch branchial pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000016] synonym: "1st arch pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000016] synonym: "1st pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000555] synonym: "first arch pharyngeal pouch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "first pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0000970] synonym: "first visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000102] synonym: "hyomandibular pouch" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 1" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001128] synonym: "visceral pouch 1" EXACT [XAO:0000102] xref: AAO:0011114 xref: EFO:0003631 xref: EHDAA2:0000016 xref: EMAPA:16124 xref: ncithesaurus:First_Pharyngeal_Pouch xref: SCTID:345248006 xref: TAO:0001128 xref: VHOG:0000555 xref: VHOG:0000970 xref: XAO:0000102 xref: ZFA:0001128 is_a: UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0004362 intersection_of: UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 property_value: external_definition "A pouch that is situated between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.72, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000970", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "First of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011114", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-226-55763-4"} property_value: homology_notes "In all jawed vertebrates the first arch forms the jaw, while the second arch forms the hyoid apparatus. These two arches are separated by the first pharyngeal pouch and cleft.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000970", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2010.01.022 Grevellec A, Tucker AS, The pharyngeal pouches and clefts: development, evolution, structure and derivatives. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007123 name: pharyngeal pouch 2 alt_id: UBERON:0005715 def: "The second pouch between the second and third arches. Contributes to the middle ear, epithelial lining of Crypts (spaces) of the palatine tonsils, supplied by the facial nerve[WP]" [PMID:16313389, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#Second_pouch] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "2nd arch branchial pouch" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000060] synonym: "2nd arch branchial pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000061] synonym: "2nd pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000561] synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 2" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001130] synonym: "second arch pharyngeal pouch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "second pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0000967] synonym: "second visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000247] synonym: "visceral pouch 2" EXACT [XAO:0000247] xref: AAO:0011115 xref: EFO:0003633 xref: EHDAA2:0000061 xref: EMAPA:16275 xref: ncithesaurus:Second_Pharyngeal_Pouch xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000060 xref: SCTID:345349000 xref: TAO:0001130 xref: VHOG:0000561 xref: VHOG:0000967 xref: XAO:0000247 xref: ZFA:0001130 is_a: UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 intersection_of: UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003066 ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3 property_value: external_definition "A pouch that is situated between the 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.72, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000967", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Second of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011115", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-226-55763-4"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000967", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M and Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007124 name: pharyngeal pouch 3 alt_id: UBERON:0005716 def: "The third pouch possesses Dorsal and Ventral wings. Derivatives of the dorsal wings include the inferior parathyroid glands, while the ventral wings fuse to form the cytoreticular cells of the thymus. The main nerve supply to the derivatives of this pouch is Cranial Nerve IX, glossopharyngeal nerve[WP]. The third pouch lies between the third and fourth arches[PMID]." [PMID:16313389, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#Third_pouch] subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "3rd arch branchial pouch" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000076] synonym: "3rd arch branchial pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000077] synonym: "3rd pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0001030] synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 3" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001131] synonym: "third arch pharyngeal pouch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "third pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0000966] synonym: "third visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000251] synonym: "visceral pouch 3" EXACT [XAO:0000251] xref: AAO:0011116 xref: EFO:0003634 xref: EHDAA2:0000077 xref: EMAPA:16586 xref: ncithesaurus:Third_Pharyngeal_Pouch xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000076 xref: SCTID:345450001 xref: TAO:0001131 xref: VHOG:0000966 xref: VHOG:0001030 xref: XAO:0000251 xref: ZFA:0001131 is_a: UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 intersection_of: UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003114 ! pharyngeal arch 3 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4 property_value: external_definition "A pouch that is situated between the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.72, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000966", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Third of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011116", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-226-55763-4"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000966", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M and Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007125 name: pharyngeal pouch 4 def: "A pouch that is situated between the 4th and 5th pharyngeal arch[Bard]. Derivatives include: superior parathyroid glands and ultimobranchial body which forms the parafollicular C-Cells of the thyroid gland. Musculature and cartilage of larynx (along with the sixth pharyngeal pouch)[WP]" [PMID:16313389, Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#Fourth_pouch] comment: todo - check relationships subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "4th arch branchial pouch" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000090] synonym: "4th arch branchial pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000091] synonym: "4th pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [VHOG:0000578] synonym: "fourth arch pharyngeal pouch" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "fourth pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0000971] synonym: "fourth visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000254] synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 4" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001134] synonym: "visceral pouch 4" EXACT [XAO:0000254] xref: AAO:0011117 xref: EFO:0003637 xref: EHDAA2:0000091 xref: EMAPA:16766 xref: ncithesaurus:Fourth_Pharyngeal_Pouch xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000090 xref: SCTID:362858001 xref: TAO:0001134 xref: VHOG:0000578 xref: VHOG:0000971 xref: XAO:0000254 xref: ZFA:0001134 is_a: UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003116 intersection_of: UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003115 ! pharyngeal arch 4 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003116 ! pharyngeal arch 5 property_value: external_definition "A pouch that is situated between the 4th and 5th pharyngeal arch. [The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.72, see_Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000971", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: external_definition "Fourth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches from which the Eustachian tube is derived; pouches 2-4 open as gill slits.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011117", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-226-55763-4"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000971", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M and Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007126 name: pharyngeal pouch 5 def: "Rudimentary structure, becomes part of the fourth pouch contributing to thyroid C-cells[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#Fifth_pouch] comment: pouches 5 and 6 are hard to distinguish subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "5th pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0001206] synonym: "5th visceral pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0001206] synonym: "fifth pharyngeal pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0001206] synonym: "fifth visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000255] synonym: "fifth visceral pouch" RELATED [VHOG:0001206] synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 5" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001133] synonym: "visceral pouch 5" EXACT [XAO:0000255] xref: AAO:0011118 xref: EFO:0003636 xref: ncithesaurus:Fifth_Pharyngeal_Pouch xref: TAO:0001133 xref: VHOG:0001206 xref: XAO:0000255 xref: ZFA:0001133 is_a: UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch property_value: external_definition "Fifth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011118", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-226-55763-4"} property_value: homology_notes "A conserved feature of all vertebrate embryos is the presence of a series of bulges on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches; it is within these structures that the nerves, muscles and skeletal components of the pharyngeal apparatus are laid down. The pharyngeal arches are separated by endodermal outpocketings, the pharyngeal pouches.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001206", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00472.x Graham A, Okabe M, Quinlan R, The role of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007127 name: pharyngeal pouch 6 def: "Along with the fourth pouch, contributes to the formation of the musculature and cartilage of the larynx[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_pouch_(embryology)#Sixth_pouch] comment: pouches 5 and 6 are hard to distinguish subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pharyngeal pouches 6" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001132] synonym: "sixth visceral pouch" EXACT [XAO:0000265] synonym: "visceral pouch 6" EXACT [XAO:0000265] xref: AAO:0011119 xref: EFO:0003635 xref: TAO:0001132 xref: XAO:0000265 xref: ZFA:0001132 is_a: UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch property_value: external_definition "Sixth of the pharyngeal (endodermal) evaginations between the visceral arches.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0011119", ontology="AAO", source="ISBN:0-226-55763-4"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007128 name: glomeral mesenchyme def: "Portion of tissue that consists of the precursors of the pronephric glomus or glomerulus; derived from the medial portion of the pronephric intermediate mesoderm." [ISBN:0815318960] synonym: "corpuscle" RELATED [XAO:0000110] synonym: "glomerulus" RELATED [XAO:0000110] xref: XAO:0000110 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003064 ! intermediate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0007132 name: head kidney def: "The zebrafish head kidney consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney. It is analogous to the mammalian bone marrow and the primary site of definitive hematopoiesis." [doi:10.1242/dev.00427, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-040923-1] comment: in GO, head kidney isa pronephros. Modified the ZFA relationships - the HK is derived from the anterior part of the pronephros and persists until adulthood subset: organ_slim synonym: "anterior kidney" EXACT [ZFA:0000669] synonym: "kidney marrow" EXACT [ZFA:0000669] xref: TAO:0000669 xref: ZFA:0000669 is_a: UBERON:0003103 ! compound organ is_a: UBERON:0004177 ! hemopoietic organ is_a: UBERON:0005172 ! abdomen organ is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002120 {source="cjm"} ! pronephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system property_value: external_definition "The zebrafish head kidney consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney. It is analogous to the mammalian bone marrow and the primary site of definitive hematopoiesis. Davidson and Zon 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000669", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007134 name: trunk ganglion def: "Ganglion which is located in the trunk." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "body ganglion" EXACT [MAT:0000344] synonym: "trunk ganglia" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001573] xref: EFO:0000901 xref: MAT:0000344 xref: MIAA:0000344 xref: TAO:0001573 xref: ZFA:0001573 is_a: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0007135 name: neural keel def: "An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576] synonym: "presumptive central nervous system" RELATED [ZFA:0000131] xref: EFO:0003497 xref: TAO:0000131 xref: ZFA:0000131 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-010921-559 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate property_value: external_definition "An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000131", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007136 name: rectouterine fold def: "These folds of the rectouterine excavation are named the sacrogenital or rectouterine folds. They contain a considerable amount of fibrous tissue and non-striped muscular fibers which are attached to the front of the sacrum and constitute the uterosacral ligaments." [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_fold] synonym: "fold of Douglas" EXACT [FMA:16533] synonym: "plica rectouterina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:16533, FMA:TA] synonym: "plica rectouterina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Recto-uterine_fold] synonym: "posterior ligament of uterus" EXACT [FMA:16533] synonym: "recto-uterine fold" EXACT [FMA:16533] synonym: "rectovaginal fold" EXACT [FMA:16533] xref: FMA:16533 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Gray1165.png xref: SCTID:361301006 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum [Term] id: UBERON:0007140 name: parietal mesothelium def: "Mesothelium overs the body walls is called the parietal mesothelium" [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesothelium] xref: MA:0000566 is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007141 name: visceral mesothelium def: "Mesothelium that covers the internal organs is called visceral mesothelium" [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesothelium] xref: MA:0000567 is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007142 name: left internal carotid artery synonym: "arteria caritis interna sinistra" EXACT [FMA:4062] xref: EMAPA:16329 xref: FMA:4062 xref: SCTID:161452006 is_a: UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001536 intersection_of: UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery intersection_of: branch_of UBERON:0001536 ! left common carotid artery plus branches relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001536 ! left common carotid artery plus branches relationship: part_of UBERON:0001536 ! left common carotid artery plus branches [Term] id: UBERON:0007143 name: right internal carotid artery synonym: "arteria carotis interna dextra" EXACT [FMA:3949] xref: EMAPA:16330 xref: FMA:3949 xref: SCTID:161251001 is_a: UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001531 intersection_of: UBERON:0001532 ! internal carotid artery intersection_of: branch_of UBERON:0001531 ! right common carotid artery plus branches relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001531 ! right common carotid artery plus branches relationship: part_of UBERON:0001531 ! right common carotid artery plus branches [Term] id: UBERON:0007144 name: tail of embryo synonym: "embryo tail" EXACT [FMA:85540] xref: EMAPA:16748 xref: FMA:85540 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0007145 name: dome of diaphragm synonym: "diaphragm dome" EXACT [FMA:13332] xref: EMAPA:18046 xref: FMA:13332 xref: SCTID:244940004 xref: VHOG:0000933 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm property_value: homology_notes "In mammals, the diaphragm muscle divides the thoracoabdominal cavity into thorax and abdomen. In most mammals, the diaphragm is a flat sheet with muscle fibers radiating outward from a central tendon, and the diaphragm's apposition to the cranial surface of the liver gives it a dome-shape. Muscle fiber contraction reduces the curvature of the dome, thereby expanding the thoracic cavity and aspirating air into the lungs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000933", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.resp.2006.06.003 Brainerd EL, Owerkowicz T, Functional morphology and evolution of aspiration breathing in tetrapods. Respiratory physiology and neurobiology (2006)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007146 name: posterior spinal artery synonym: "dorsal spinal artery" EXACT [FMA:50522] xref: EMAPA:18243 xref: FMA:50522 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Spinal_Artery xref: SCTID:181330009 is_a: UBERON:0002458 ! spinal artery is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002458 ! spinal artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007147 name: lumen of midgut synonym: "midgut lumen" EXACT [FMA:54366] xref: EMAPA:18377 xref: FMA:54366 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001045 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0001045 ! midgut relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001045 ! midgut [Term] id: UBERON:0007148 name: lumen of hindgut synonym: "hindgut lumen" EXACT [FMA:54367] xref: EMAPA:18396 xref: FMA:54367 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001046 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut [Term] id: UBERON:0007149 name: inferior thyroid artery def: "The inferior thyroid artery passes upward, in front of the vertebral artery and Longus colli, then turns medialward behind the carotid sheath and its contents, and also behind the sympathetic trunk, the middle cervical ganglion resting upon the vessel. Reaching the lower border of the thyroid gland it divides into two branches, which supply the postero-inferior parts of the gland, and anastomose with the superior thyroid, and with the corresponding artery of the opposite side. The recurrent nerve passes upward generally behind, but occasionally in front of, the artery. This makes it vulnerable to injury during surgery that involves ligating the inferior thyroid artery, such as excision of the lower pole of the thyroid gland." [Wikipedia:Inferior_thyroid_artery] synonym: "arteria thyreoidea inferior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_thyroid_artery] xref: EMAPA:18623 xref: FMA:10662 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Thyrocervical_trunk.png xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Thyroid_Artery xref: SCTID:303419004 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0003847 ! thyroid artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007150 name: superior thyroid artery def: "The superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery just below the level of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone and ends in the thyroid gland." [Wikipedia:Superior_thyroid_artery] synonym: "arteria thyreoidea superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_thyroid_artery] xref: EMAPA:18624 xref: FMA:49472 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Plate_16_Zuckerkandl.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Thyroid_Artery xref: SCTID:244218002 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001070 ! external carotid artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0003847 ! thyroid artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007151 name: leaflets of mitral valve def: "Leaf of cardiac valve which has as its parts the anterior, and posterior leaflets that is attached to the chorda tendinea of left ventricle and to the frbrous ring of mitral valve.[FMA]" [FMA:7241, FMA:FMA] synonym: "leaflet of mitral valve" EXACT [FMA:7241] synonym: "mitral valve leaflet" EXACT [FMA:7241] synonym: "mitral valve leaflets" EXACT [VHOG:0000822] synonym: "mitral valvular leaflet" EXACT [FMA:7241] xref: EMAPA:18628 xref: FMA:7241 xref: SCTID:244353007 xref: VHOG:0000822 is_a: UBERON:0011741 ! cardiac valve leaflet relationship: part_of UBERON:0002135 intersection_of: UBERON:0011741 ! cardiac valve leaflet intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0005995 ! mitral valve anulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002135 ! mitral valve property_value: homology_notes "The mature AV (atrioventricular) valve of the adult zebrafish 2-chambered heart is structurally similar to the mammalian AV valves with stratified ECM (extracellular matrix) and supporting chordae tendineae. Therefore, the major cellular and molecular events of valve development are largely conserved among animals with hearts composed of multiple chambers.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000822", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.201566 Combs MD, Yutzey KE, Heart valve development. Circulatory Research (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007152 name: inferior sagittal sinus xref: EMAPA:18635 xref: FMA:50768 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Sagittal_Sinus xref: SCTID:279260007 is_a: UBERON:0003499 ! brain blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0006615 {source="cjm"} ! venous sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0007153 name: superior epigastric artery xref: EMAPA:18752 xref: FMA:10646 xref: SCTID:244287004 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0002456 ! internal thoracic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002456 ! internal thoracic artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0006349 ! epigastric artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007154 name: inferior epigastric vein xref: EMAPA:18760 xref: FMA:21162 xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Epigastric_Vein xref: SCTID:286872000 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0006356 ! epigastric vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007155 name: superior epigastric vein xref: EMAPA:18761 xref: FMA:4731 xref: SCTID:286596001 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0006356 ! epigastric vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001589 {source="FMA/obol"} ! internal thoracic vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007156 name: inferior thyroid vein synonym: "inferior thyroid venous tree" EXACT [FMA:4728] synonym: "vena thyroidea inferioris" EXACT [FMA:4728] xref: EMAPA:18763 xref: FMA:4728 xref: SCTID:303423007 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007157 name: superior thyroid vein xref: EMAPA:18764 xref: FMA:14323 xref: SCTID:303421009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007158 name: lumen of anal canal synonym: "anal canal lumen" EXACT [FMA:17357] xref: EMAPA:18836 xref: FMA:17357 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000159 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal [Term] id: UBERON:0007159 name: lumen of colon synonym: "colon lumen" EXACT [FMA:18374] xref: EMAPA:18945 xref: FMA:18374 xref: SCTID:362156004 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001155 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0001155 ! colon relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001155 ! colon [Term] id: UBERON:0007160 name: inferior petrosal sinus synonym: "sinus petrosal inferior" EXACT [FMA:50770] xref: EMAPA:19234 xref: FMA:50770 xref: SCTID:279263009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003499 ! brain blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0005486 ! venous dural sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0007161 name: medial arcuate ligament xref: EMAPA:19237 xref: FMA:58282 is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0007162 name: lateral arcuate ligament xref: EMAPA:19238 xref: FMA:58283 is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0007163 name: superior meatus def: "The superior meatus, the smallest of the three meatuses of the nose, occupies the middle third of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. It lies between the superior nasal conchC& and middle nasal conchC&; the sphenopalatine foramen opens into it behind, and the posterior ethmoidal cells in front. The sphenoidal sinus opens into a recess, the sphenoethmoidal recess, which is placed above and behind the superior concha." [Wikipedia:Superior_nasal_meatus] comment: todo - check FMA synonym: "meatus nasi superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_nasal_meatus] synonym: "superior nasal meatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_nasal_meatus] xref: EMAPA:19276 xref: FMA:53138 xref: FMA:57480 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Gray196.png xref: SCTID:310213007 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0007164 name: distal radio-ulnar joint synonym: "articulation radioulnaris distalis" EXACT [FMA:35290] synonym: "distal radioulnar joint" EXACT [FMA:35290] synonym: "inferior radioulnar joint" EXACT [FMA:35290] synonym: "radio-ulnar joint" BROAD [MA:0000462] xref: EMAPA:19316 xref: FMA:35290 xref: MA:0000462 xref: SCTID:182170009 is_a: UBERON:0001528 ! radio-ulnar joint [Term] id: UBERON:0007165 name: proximal radio-ulnar joint synonym: "superior radioulnar joint" EXACT [FMA:38860] xref: EMAPA:19317 xref: FMA:38860 xref: SCTID:361837005 is_a: UBERON:0001528 ! radio-ulnar joint [Term] id: UBERON:0007166 name: left dome of diaphragm synonym: "left dome of diaphragm viewed radiologically" EXACT [FMA:13334] xref: EMAPA:25047 xref: FMA:13334 xref: SCTID:244941000 is_a: UBERON:0007145 ! dome of diaphragm [Term] id: UBERON:0007167 name: right dome of diaphragm synonym: "right dome of diaphragm viewed radiologically" EXACT [FMA:13333] xref: EMAPA:25048 xref: FMA:13333 xref: SCTID:244942007 is_a: UBERON:0007145 ! dome of diaphragm [Term] id: UBERON:0007168 name: long head of biceps brachii def: "The long head originates on the supraglenoid tubercle just above the shoulder joint from where its tendon passes down along the intertubercular groove of the humerus into the joint capsule of the shoulder joint. [1] When the humerus is in motion, the tendon of the long head is held firmly in place in the intertubercular groove by the greater and lesser tubercles and the overlying transverse humeral ligament. During the motion from external to internal rotation, the tendon is forced medially against the lesser tubercle and superiorly against the transverse ligament." [Wikipedia:Biceps_brachii_muscle#Origin_and_insertion] synonym: "caput longum (musculus biceps brachii)" EXACT [FMA:37683] xref: EMAPA:25054 xref: FMA:37683 is_a: UBERON:0011906 {source="FMA"} ! muscle head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000043 ! tendon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001507 ! biceps brachii [Term] id: UBERON:0007169 name: short head of biceps brachii def: "Proximally (towards the body), the short head of the biceps attaches to (originates from) the coracoid process at the top of the scapula." [Wikipedia:Biceps_brachii_muscle#Origin_and_insertion] xref: EMAPA:25055 xref: FMA:37682 is_a: UBERON:0011906 {source="FMA"} ! muscle head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000043 ! tendon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001507 ! biceps brachii [Term] id: UBERON:0007170 name: squamous part of occipital bone def: "The squama of the occipital bone, situated above and behind the foramen magnum, is curved from above downward and from side to side." [Wikipedia:Squama_occipitalis] synonym: "occipital squama" EXACT [Wikipedia:Squama_occipitalis] synonym: "occipital squama" EXACT [FMA:52860] synonym: "squama occipitalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Squama_occipitalis] synonym: "squama occipitalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Squama_occipitalis] synonym: "squama of occipital bone" EXACT [FMA:52860] xref: EMAPA:25113 xref: FMA:52860 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Gray131.png xref: SCTID:139077005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone [Term] id: UBERON:0007171 name: border of scapula synonym: "scapular border" EXACT [FMA:23797] xref: EMAPA:25124 xref: FMA:23797 is_a: UBERON:0006800 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical line relationship: part_of UBERON:0001124 ! pectoral limb scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0007172 name: angle of scapula comment: See: https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/58 synonym: "scapular angle" EXACT [FMA:23800] xref: EMAPA:25125 xref: FMA:23800 is_a: UBERON:0006800 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical line [Term] id: UBERON:0007173 name: lateral border of scapula synonym: "axillary border of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23239] synonym: "lateral border of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23239] synonym: "lateral part of scapula" RELATED [FMA:23239] synonym: "margo lateralis (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23239] synonym: "margo lateralis scapulae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23239, FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:25126 xref: FMA:23239 is_a: UBERON:0007171 {source="EMAPA-modified"} ! border of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0007174 name: medial border of scapula synonym: "margo medialis (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23242] synonym: "margo medialis scapulae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:23242, FMA:TA] synonym: "medial part of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23242] synonym: "vertebral border of scapula" EXACT [FMA:23242] xref: EMAPA:25127 xref: FMA:23242 xref: SCTID:368187009 is_a: UBERON:0007171 {source="EMAPA-modified"} ! border of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0007175 name: inferior angle of scapula def: "An angle of the scapula formed by the union of the vertebral and axillary borders; its dorsal surface affords attachment to the Teres major and frequently to a few fibers of the Latissimus dorsi.[WP,unvetted]" [Wikipedia:Inferior_angle_of_scapula] synonym: "angulus inferior (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:13315] synonym: "angulus inferior scapulae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Inferior_angle_of_scapula] xref: EMAPA:25128 xref: FMA:13315 is_a: UBERON:0007172 {source="EMAPA-modified"} ! angle of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0007176 name: superior angle of scapula def: "An angle of the scapula formed by the junction of the superior and vertebral borders. It is thin, smooth, rounded, inclined somewhat lateralward, and gives attachment to a few fibers of the Levator scapulae[WP,unvetted]" [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula] synonym: "angulus superior (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23248] synonym: "angulus superior scapulae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula] synonym: "medial angle of scapula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula] synonym: "superior medial angle of scapula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superior_angle_of_scapula] xref: EMAPA:25129 xref: FMA:23248 xref: SCTID:368188004 is_a: UBERON:0007172 {source="EMAPA-modified"} ! angle of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0007177 name: lamina propria of mucosa of colon synonym: "colonic lamina propria" EXACT [FMA:15657] synonym: "lamina propria mucosae of colon" EXACT [FMA:15657] synonym: "lamina propria of colonic mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15657] synonym: "lamina propria of colonic mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:15657] xref: EMAPA:27395 xref: FMA:15657 xref: SCTID:113284008 is_a: UBERON:0011189 ! lamina propria of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000317 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0007178 name: muscularis mucosa of mucosa of colon synonym: "lamina muscularis of colonic mucosa" EXACT [FMA:15656] synonym: "lamina muscularis of colonic mucous membrane" EXACT [FMA:15656] synonym: "muscularis mucosae of colon" EXACT [FMA:15656] xref: EMAPA:27399 xref: FMA:15656 xref: SCTID:885000 is_a: UBERON:0001239 ! muscularis mucosae of large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000317 intersection_of: UBERON:0006676 ! muscularis mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0000317 ! colonic mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0007179 name: basal cell layer of urothelium synonym: "basal cell layer of uroepithelium" EXACT [FMA:84154] xref: EMAPA:28806 xref: FMA:84154 is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000365 ! urothelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007180 name: atretic follicle of ovary synonym: "atretic follicle" EXACT [FMA:18697] synonym: "folliculus atreticus (Ovarium)" EXACT [FMA:18697] xref: EMAPA:29874 xref: FMA:18697 xref: SCTID:259073003 is_a: UBERON:0001305 ! ovarian follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0007181 name: serosa of infundibulum of uterine tube synonym: "serosa of infundibulum of fallopian tube" EXACT [FMA:18324] synonym: "serosa of infundibulum of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18324] xref: EMAPA:29903 xref: FMA:18324 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005983 ! heart layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0003984 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum relationship: part_of UBERON:0003983 ! conus arteriosus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum [Term] id: UBERON:0007182 name: muscle layer of infundibulum of uterine tube synonym: "muscle layer of infundibulum of fallopian tube" EXACT [FMA:18336] synonym: "muscle layer of infundibulum of oviduct" EXACT [FMA:18336] synonym: "muscularis of infundibulum of uterine tube" EXACT [FMA:18336] xref: EMAPA:31264 xref: FMA:18336 is_a: UBERON:0006642 ! muscle layer of oviduct relationship: part_of UBERON:0003984 intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum relationship: part_of UBERON:0003983 ! conus arteriosus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003984 ! uterine tube infundibulum [Term] id: UBERON:0007185 name: pericardio-peritoneal canal mesothelium synonym: "pericardio-peritoneal canal mehomhelium" RELATED [VHOG:0000447] xref: EHDAA2:0001442 xref: EMAPA:16284 xref: VHOG:0000447 is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0006275 intersection_of: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006275 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0006275 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal [Term] id: UBERON:0007186 name: pericardial visceral mesothelium synonym: "mesothelium of visceral pericardium" EXACT [FMA:19741] synonym: "mesothelium of visceral serous pericardium" EXACT [FMA:19741] synonym: "pericardial visceral mehomhelium" RELATED [VHOG:0000778] synonym: "visceral serous pericardium mesothelium" EXACT [FMA:19741] xref: EMAPA:16589 xref: FMA:19741 xref: VHOG:0000778 is_a: UBERON:0007141 ! visceral mesothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002407 intersection_of: UBERON:0007141 ! visceral mesothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium property_value: homology_notes "Found in all vertebrates, the VP (visceral pericardium) is also known as the cardiac epimysium. This outermost layer of the epicardium consists of a thin layer of mesothelial cells over a dense network of collagen and elastin fibers.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000778", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1152/ajpheart.00967.2007 Jöbsis PD, Ashikaga H, Wen H, Rothstein EC, Horvath KA, McVeigh ER, Balaban RS, The visceral pericardium: macromolecular structure and contribution to passive mechanical properties of the left ventricle. American journal of physiology, Heart and circulatory physiology (2007)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007187 name: pericardial parietal mesothelium synonym: "mesothelium of parietal pericardium" EXACT [FMA:19742] synonym: "mesothelium of parietal serous pericardium" EXACT [FMA:19742] synonym: "parietal serous pericardium mesothelium" EXACT [FMA:19742] xref: EMAPA:16588 xref: FMA:19742 is_a: UBERON:0007140 ! parietal mesothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002407 intersection_of: UBERON:0007140 ! parietal mesothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002407 ! pericardium [Term] id: UBERON:0007188 name: mesothelium of serous pericardium synonym: "mesothelium of pericardium" EXACT [FMA:18149] synonym: "pericardial mesothelium" EXACT [FMA:18149] synonym: "serous pericardium mesothelium" EXACT [FMA:18149] xref: BTO:0003157 xref: EMAPA:16133 xref: FMA:18149 xref: SCTID:67300002 is_a: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002357 intersection_of: UBERON:0001136 ! mesothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002357 ! serous pericardium [Term] id: UBERON:0007190 name: paracentral gyrus xref: FMA:77537 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0007191 name: anterior paracentral gyrus xref: FMA:77537 is_a: UBERON:0007190 ! paracentral gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0007192 name: posterior paracentral gyrus xref: FMA:77538 is_a: UBERON:0007190 ! paracentral gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0007193 name: orbital gyrus def: "The inferior or orbital surface of the frontal lobe is concave, and rests on the orbital plate of the frontal bone. It is divided into four orbital gyri by a well-marked H-shaped orbital sulcus. These are named, from their position, the medial, anterior, lateral, and posterior orbital gyri. The medial orbital gyrus presents a well-marked antero-posterior sulcus, the olfactory sulcus, for the olfactory tract; the portion medial to this is named the straight gyrus, and is continuous with the superior frontal gyrus on the medial surface." [Wikipedia:Orbital_gyri] synonym: "gyrus orbitales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbital_gyri] synonym: "orbital gyri" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Orbital_gyri] xref: FMA:256194 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Human_brainstem_anterior_view_2_description.JPG xref: SCTID:280372002 is_a: UBERON:0000200 ! gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0007194 name: vesicular gland def: "The vesicular gland is part of the male reproductive system. The vesicular gland contributes fluids, energy substrates, and buffers to semen. It can be found near the Coagulating gland, which also belongs to the reproductive system." [BTO:0003717] comment: todo - check this agaist seminal vesicle xref: BTO:0003717 xref: MA:0000405 xref: ncithesaurus:Vesicular_Gland is_a: UBERON:0010147 ! male accessory sex gland [Term] id: UBERON:0007195 name: stroma of bone marrow def: "The stroma of the bone marrow is all tissue not directly involved in the primary function of hematopoiesis. The yellow bone marrow belongs here, and makes the majority of the bone marrow stroma, in addition to stromal cells located in the red bone marrow. Yellow bone marrow is found in the Medullary cavity. Still, the stroma is indirectly involved in hematopoiesis, since it provides the hematopoietic microenvironment that facilitates hematopoiesis by the parenchymal cells. For instance, they generate colony stimulating factors, affecting hematopoiesis." [Wikipedia:Bone_marrow#Stroma] synonym: "bone marrow stroma" EXACT [FMA:21426] xref: FMA:21426 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002371 ! bone marrow [Term] id: UBERON:0007196 name: tracheobronchial tree alt_id: UBERON:0004102 def: "the structure from the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles that forms the airways that supply air to the lungs. The lining of the tracheobronchial tree consists of ciliated columnar epithelial cells." [Wikipedia:Tracheobronchial_tree] subset: organ_slim synonym: "tracheobronchial system" RELATED [HP:0005607] xref: FMA:7393 xref: SCTID:361384001 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: has_part UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: has_part UBERON:0007592 {source="Wikipedia"} ! ciliated columnar epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 ! lower respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0007197 name: hermaphroditic organism def: "Multi-cellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes." [CARO:MAH] synonym: "dioecious organism" RELATED [BILA:0000029] synonym: "hermaphrodite" RELATED [WBbt:0007849] xref: AAO:0010035 xref: BILA:0000029 xref: CARO:0000029 xref: HAO:0000029 xref: TADS:0000601 xref: WBbt:0007849 is_a: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0007198 name: hermaphrodite anatomical structure alt_id: AEO:0000177 def: "An anatomical structure present only in hermaphrodites." [JB:DEF] synonym: "hermaphrodite-specific" RELATED [WBbt:0005758] xref: EHDAA2:0003177 xref: WBbt:0005758 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007197 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007197 ! hermaphroditic organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0007197 ! hermaphroditic organism [Term] id: UBERON:0007204 name: brachiocephalic vasculature is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0007213 name: mesenchyme derived from head neural crest subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "head mesenchyme from cranial neural crest" EXACT [] synonym: "head mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000735] xref: EFO:0003572 xref: EHDAA2:0000735 xref: EMAPA:16100 xref: EMAPA:16169 xref: EMAPA:16271 xref: EMAPA_RETIRED:16271 xref: TAO:0000787 xref: ZFA:0000787 is_a: UBERON:0005253 {source="ZFA"} ! head mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003099 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003099 ! cranial neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003099 ! cranial neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0007214 name: mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "trunk mesenchyme from neural crest" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002093] xref: EHDAA2:0002093 xref: EMAPA:16182 xref: TAO:0000999 xref: ZFA:0000999 is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003083 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003083 ! trunk neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003083 ! trunk neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0007215 name: trabecula cranii def: "Paired thin medially aligned bar of cartilage that extends from the anterior end of the chondrocranium to just anterior to the anterior end of the notochord. The posterior ends of the trabeculae cranii are continuous with the parachordal cartilages, and they enclose the hypophyseal fenestra." [ZFIN:curator] comment: A paired cartilaginous element appearing in the preotic section of the head at the border between the brain and visceral structures (The Trabecula cranii: development and homology of an enigmatic vertebrate head structure - Cerny et al 2006) synonym: "trabeculae cranii" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001507] xref: TAO:0001507 xref: ZFA:0001507 is_a: UBERON:0003932 ! cartilaginous element of chondrocranium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005945 ! neurocranial trabecula [Term] id: UBERON:0007220 name: late embryonic stage synonym: "embryo late (growth) stage" EXACT [MIAA:0000399] synonym: "embryo late growth stage" RELATED [BTO:0000449] synonym: "embryo late stage" RELATED [BTO:0000449] synonym: "fetal stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "fetus" NARROW [MIAA:0000399] synonym: "fetus stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm] xref: EV:0300011 xref: EVM:2990031 xref: FBdv:00005333 xref: MIAA:0000399 xref: OGES:000023 xref: SCTID:367619004 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: has_end UBERON:0000103 ! life cycle stage boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage [Term] id: UBERON:0007221 name: neonate stage def: "Of or pertaining to the period of time immediately following birth, or to the newborn." [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/neonatal, Wikipedia:Infant] synonym: "fledgling stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "hatchling" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "hatchling stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "infant stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "neonatal stage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "nestling stage" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "newborn stage" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] xref: BTO:0001762 xref: EV:0300037 xref: NIF_Organism:birnlex_695 xref: OGES:000025 is_a: UBERON:0000105 ! life cycle stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000112 ! juvenile stage [Term] id: UBERON:0007222 name: late adult stage synonym: "elderly" RELATED [EV:0300123] synonym: "elderly stage" RELATED [EV:0300123] synonym: "geriatric" RELATED [EV:0300123] synonym: "geriatric stage" RELATED [EV:0300123] xref: EV:0300123 xref: ncithesaurus:Elderly xref: NIF_Organism:birnlex_691 is_a: UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage [Term] id: UBERON:0007223 name: osseus cochlea def: "The osseous cochlea is the bony foundation that forms the small shell arrangement for the cochlear nerve." [http://www.innerbody.com/image_nerv14/nerv175.html] comment: todo - check this. in MA, cochlea is not part of the bony labyrinth xref: MA:0000239 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001839 ! bony labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001844 ! cochlea [Term] id: UBERON:0007224 name: medial entorhinal cortex def: "The entorhinal cortex (EC) is an important memory center in the brain. In rodents, the EC is located at the caudal end of the temporal lobe. In primates it is located at the rostral end of the temporal lobe and stretches dorsolaterally. It is usually divided into medial and lateral regions with three bands with distinct properties and connectivity running perpendicular across the whole area." [BTO:0004347] xref: BTO:0004346 xref: MA:0000922 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002728 ! entorhinal area relationship: part_of UBERON:0002895 ! secondary olfactory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0007225 name: lateral entorhinal cortex def: "The entorhinal cortex (EC) is an important memory center in the brain. In rodents, the EC is located at the caudal end of the temporal lobe. In primates it is located at the rostral end of the temporal lobe and stretches dorsolaterally. It is usually divided into medial and lateral regions with three bands with distinct properties and connectivity running perpendicular across the whole area." [BTO:0004347] synonym: "Entorhinal area, lateral part" EXACT [ABA:ENTl] xref: ABA:ENTl xref: BTO:0004347 xref: MA:0000911 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002728 ! entorhinal area relationship: part_of UBERON:0002895 ! secondary olfactory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0007227 name: superior vestibular nucleus def: "The superior vestibular nucleus is the dorso-lateral part of the vestibular nucleus and receives collaterals and terminals from the ascending branches of the vestibular nerve. Its axons terminate in much the same manner as do those from the lateral nucleus." [Wikipedia:Superior_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "Bechterew's nucleus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of Bechterew" EXACT [FMA:54617] synonym: "nucleus vestibularis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_vestibular_nucleus] xref: ABA:SUV xref: BM:Me-VS-VSS xref: BTO:0004372 xref: EV:0100257 xref: FMA:54617 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray761.png xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Vestibular_Nucleus is_a: UBERON:0007228 ! vestibular nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001721 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007230 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007228 name: vestibular nucleus def: "The vestibular nuclei are the cranial nuclei for the vestibular nerve. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Vestibular_nuclei] comment: See comments for 'vestibular nuclear complex synonym: "vestibular nucleus of acoustic nerve" EXACT [FMA:54602] synonym: "vestibular nucleus of eighth cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:54602] xref: EV:0100254 xref: FMA:54602 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray691.png xref: ncithesaurus:Vestibular_Nucleus xref: SCTID:362462004 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002584 ! regional part of vestibular nuclear complex is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002673 ! vestibular nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0007230 name: lateral vestibular nucleus def: "The lateral vestibular nucleus (Deitersbs nucleus) is the continuation upward and lateralward of the principal nucleus, and in it terminate many of the ascending branches of the vestibular nerve." [Wikipedia:Lateral_vestibular_nucleus] synonym: "Deiter's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54614] synonym: "Deiters' nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54614] synonym: "lateral nucleus of Deiters" EXACT [FMA:54614] synonym: "nucleus of Deiters" EXACT [FMA:54614] synonym: "nucleus vestibularis lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_vestibular_nucleus] xref: ABA:LAV xref: BM:Me-VS-VSL xref: BTO:0004370 xref: FMA:54614 xref: GAID:603 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Gray761.png xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.428.600.800.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Vestibular_Nucleus xref: SCTID:280176007 is_a: UBERON:0007228 ! vestibular nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001721 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001722 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007227 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007232 name: 2 cell stage synonym: "NF stage 2 (2-cell)" NARROW SENSU [XAO:1000011] synonym: "two-cell stage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:16036 xref: XAO:1000011 xref: ZFS:0000002 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: directly_preceded_by UBERON:0000106 ! zygote stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage [Term] id: UBERON:0007233 name: 4 cell stage synonym: "four-cell stage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "NF stage 3 (4-cell)" NARROW SENSU [XAO:1000013] xref: XAO:1000013 xref: ZFS:0000003 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: directly_preceded_by UBERON:0007232 ! 2 cell stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage relationship: starts UBERON:0007234 ! 4-8 cell stage [Term] id: UBERON:0007234 name: 4-8 cell stage synonym: "four-eight cell stage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EMAPA:16037 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: directly_preceded_by UBERON:0007232 ! 2 cell stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage [Term] id: UBERON:0007236 name: 8 cell stage synonym: "eight-cell stage" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "NF stage 4 (8-cell)" NARROW SENSU [XAO:1000014] xref: XAO:1000014 xref: ZFS:0000004 is_a: UBERON:0000067 ! embryo stage part relationship: directly_preceded_by UBERON:0007233 ! 4 cell stage relationship: finishes UBERON:0007234 ! 4-8 cell stage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000107 ! cleavage stage [Term] id: UBERON:0007237 name: 1st arch mandibular component comment: Editors note: relationship to Meckel's cartilage to be added synonym: "ventral mandibular arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000510] synonym: "ventral pharyngeal arch 1" EXACT [VHOG:0000510] synonym: "ventral visceral arch 1" RELATED [VHOG:0000510] xref: EHDAA2:0000031 xref: EHDAA:583 xref: EMAPA:16382 xref: VHOG:0000510 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000510", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007238 name: 1st arch maxillary component comment: Editors note: relationship to palatoquadrate to be added xref: EHDAA2:0000038 xref: EHDAA:595 xref: EMAPA:16388 xref: VHOG:0000511 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000511", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007239 name: tunica media of artery synonym: "arterial media" EXACT [EV:0100029] synonym: "tunica media (arteriae)" EXACT [FMA:14273] xref: EV:0100029 xref: FMA:14273 xref: ncithesaurus:Venous_System_Smooth_Muscle_Tissue xref: SCTID:84300001 is_a: UBERON:0002111 ! artery smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 intersection_of: UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000415 ! artery wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007240 name: tunica adventitia of artery synonym: "arterial adventitia" EXACT [EV:0100030] synonym: "tunica externa (adventitia)(arteriae)" EXACT [FMA:14274] xref: EV:0100030 xref: FMA:14274 xref: SCTID:113261001 is_a: UBERON:0005734 ! tunica adventitia relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 intersection_of: UBERON:0005734 ! tunica adventitia intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000415 ! artery wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007241 name: tunica adventitia of vein synonym: "tunica externa (adventitia)(venae)" EXACT [FMA:14355] synonym: "venous adventitia" EXACT [EV:0100034] xref: EV:0100034 xref: FMA:14355 xref: SCTID:13202006 is_a: UBERON:0005734 ! tunica adventitia relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 intersection_of: UBERON:0005734 ! tunica adventitia intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007242 name: tunica intima of vein synonym: "tunica interna (intima)(venae)" EXACT [FMA:14353] synonym: "venous intima" EXACT [EV:0100032] xref: EV:0100032 xref: FMA:14353 xref: SCTID:2436009 is_a: UBERON:0002523 ! tunica intima relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 intersection_of: UBERON:0002523 ! tunica intima intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007243 name: tunica media of vein synonym: "tunica media (venae)" EXACT [FMA:14354] synonym: "venous media" EXACT [EV:0100033] xref: EV:0100033 xref: FMA:14354 xref: SCTID:42049001 is_a: UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media is_a: UBERON:0004696 ! venous system smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 intersection_of: UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007244 name: inferior olivary nucleus def: "The inferior olivary nucleus is the largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata." [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus] synonym: "inferior olive" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_olivary_nucleus] xref: BTO:0003844 xref: EMAPA:19241 xref: SCTID:369066005 xref: VHOG:0001380 is_a: UBERON:0002574 ! regional part of inferior olivary complex is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0002127 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002127 ! inferior olivary complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002127 ! inferior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0007245 name: nuclear complex of neuraxis def: "Internal gray matter component which consists of an assemblage of nuclei of neuraxis. Example: cerebellar nuclear complex, Vestibular nuclear complex.[FMA]" [FMA:84059, FMA:FMA] comment: todo - move existing complex classes currently under nucleus to be under this class xref: FMA:84059 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis [Term] id: UBERON:0007247 name: superior olivary nucleus synonym: "nucleus of superior olivary complex" EXACT [FMA:72246] synonym: "superior olivary complex nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72246] synonym: "superior olive" RELATED [MA:0001026] xref: FMA:72246 xref: MA:0001026 xref: SCTID:369024009 xref: VHOG:0001381 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002128 ! superior olivary complex [Term] id: UBERON:0007249 name: dorsal accessory inferior olivary nucleus def: "The inferior olivary nucleus that is the smallest, and appears on transverse section as a curved lamina behind the primary olivary nucleus" [Wikipedia:Olivary_body#Olivary_nuclei] synonym: "dorsal accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72593] synonym: "inferior olivary complex, dorsal accessory olive" EXACT [FMA:72593] synonym: "inferior olive, dorsal nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72593] synonym: "nucleus olivaris accessorius posterior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:72593, FMA:TA] synonym: "posterior accessory olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72593] xref: FMA:72593 xref: SCTID:369068006 is_a: UBERON:0007244 ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0007250 name: lingual tonsil def: "The lingual tonsils are rounded masses of lymphatic tissue that cover the posterior region of the tongue. They are on the dorsal surface at the base of the tongue. Their lymphatic tissue are dense and nodular, their surface is covered with stratified squamous epithelium which invaginates as a single crypt into each lingual tonsil. They are partially surrounded by connective tissue placing them in the group of Partially-Encapsulated Lymphatic Organs, tonsils, the only one of its kind. They have associated mucous glands which are drained by ducts directly into the single tonsillar crypt." [Wikipedia:Lingual_tonsils] synonym: "lingual tonsillar tissue" EXACT [MA:0000773] synonym: "tonsilla lingualis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lingual_tonsils] xref: FMA:54836 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Illu04_tongue.jpg xref: MA:0000773 xref: ncithesaurus:Lingual_Tonsil xref: SCTID:276957006 is_a: UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil [Term] id: UBERON:0007251 name: preoptic nucleus xref: EV:0100226 is_a: UBERON:0006569 ! diencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area [Term] id: UBERON:0007252 name: intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra synonym: "cervical intervertebral disc" EXACT [FMA:13895] synonym: "intervertebral disc of cervical region" EXACT [EMAPA:19415] xref: EMAPA:19415 xref: FMA:13895 xref: SCTID:68818006 is_a: UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005174 ! back organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006072 intersection_of: UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0006072 ! cervical region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0007254 name: intervertebral disk of thoracic vertebra synonym: "intervertebral disc of thoracic region" EXACT [EMAPA:19489] xref: EMAPA:19489 xref: FMA:10455 is_a: UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005174 ! back organ is_a: UBERON:0005181 ! thoracic segment organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006073 intersection_of: UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006073 ! thoracic region of vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0006073 ! thoracic region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0007255 name: intervertebral disk of lumbar vertebra synonym: "intervertebral disc of lumbar region" EXACT [EMAPA:19468] xref: EMAPA:19468 xref: FMA:13894 is_a: UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005173 ! abdominal segment organ is_a: UBERON:0005174 ! back organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006074 intersection_of: UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0006074 ! lumbar region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0007257 name: intervertebral disk of sacral vertebra synonym: "intervertebral disc of sacral region" EXACT [EMAPA:19575] xref: EMAPA:19575 is_a: UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005174 ! back organ is_a: UBERON:0005179 ! pelvis organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 intersection_of: UBERON:0001066 ! intervertebral disk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 ! sacral region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0007260 name: intervertebral disk of third cervical vertebra synonym: "C3 intervertebral disk" EXACT [FMA:13896] synonym: "intervertebral disk, C3-C4" EXACT [FMA:13896] xref: EMAPA:19422 xref: FMA:13896 is_a: UBERON:0007252 ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0007261 name: intervertebral disk of fourth cervical vertebra synonym: "intervertebral disc of fourth cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13897] synonym: "intervertebral disk, C4-C5" EXACT [FMA:13897] xref: EMAPA:19425 xref: FMA:13897 xref: SCTID:361748005 is_a: UBERON:0007252 ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0007262 name: intervertebral disk of fifth cervical vertebra synonym: "intervertebral disc of fifth cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:13898] synonym: "intervertebral disk, C5-C6" EXACT [FMA:13898] xref: EMAPA:19428 xref: FMA:13898 xref: SCTID:361749002 is_a: UBERON:0007252 ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0007263 name: intervertebral disk of sixth cervical vertebra synonym: "intervertebral disk, C6-C7" EXACT [FMA:13899] xref: EMAPA:19460 xref: FMA:13899 is_a: UBERON:0007252 ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0007264 name: intervertebral disk of seventh cervical vertebra synonym: "intervertebral disk, C7-T1" EXACT [FMA:13900] xref: EMAPA:19463 xref: FMA:13900 is_a: UBERON:0007252 ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0007265 name: intervertebral disk of axis synonym: "C2 disk" EXACT [FMA:25058] synonym: "C2 intervertebral disk" EXACT [FMA:25058] synonym: "intervertebral disc of second cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:25058] synonym: "intervertebral disk of second cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:25058] synonym: "intervertebral disk, C2-C3" EXACT [FMA:25058] synonym: "second cervical intervertebral disk" EXACT [FMA:25058] xref: EMAPA:19419 xref: FMA:25058 is_a: UBERON:0007252 ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0007266 name: intervertebral disk of atlas synonym: "C1 disk" EXACT [] synonym: "C1 intervertebral disk" EXACT [] synonym: "first cervical intervertebral disk" EXACT [] synonym: "intervertebral disc of first cervical vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "intervertebral disk of first cervical vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "intervertebral disk, C1-C2" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:19416 xref: FMA:25058 is_a: UBERON:0007252 ! intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0007267 name: trachea pre-cartilage rings synonym: "cartilaginous ring of trachea " EXACT [EMAPA:18699] xref: EHDAA2:0002070 xref: EHDAA:7082 xref: EMAPA:18699 is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0009505 ! associated mesenchyme of trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009505 {source="EHDAA2"} ! associated mesenchyme of trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0007268 name: upper esophageal sphincter def: "The upper esophageal sphincter (UES) (also called the Pharyngoesophageal sphincter) refers to the superior portion of the esophagus. Unlike the lower esophageal sphincter, it consists of striated muscle and is under conscious control. The primary muscle of the UES is the cricopharyngeus portion of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor. During swallowing the upper esophageal sphincter opens so the bolus can pass into the esophagus. A secondary role of the UES is to reduce backflow from the esophagus into the pharynx." [Wikipedia:Upper_esophageal_sphincter] synonym: "upper oesophageal sphincter" EXACT [Wikipedia:Upper_esophageal_sphincter] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Musculusconstrictorpharyngisinferior.png xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Esophageal_Sphincter xref: Wikipedia:Upper_esophageal_sphincter is_a: UBERON:0007652 ! esophageal sphincter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0007269 name: pectoral appendage musculature synonym: "pectoral fin musculature" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0000563] xref: EFO:0003540 xref: TAO:0000563 xref: ZFA:0000563 is_a: UBERON:0007271 ! limb/fin musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0007270 name: pelvic appendage musculature synonym: "pelvic fin musculature" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0000258] xref: TAO:0000258 xref: ZFA:0000258 is_a: UBERON:0007271 ! limb/fin musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage property_value: external_definition "Musculature that is part of the pelvic fin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000258", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007271 name: limb/fin musculature synonym: "fin musculature" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0000207] xref: TAO:0000207 xref: ZFA:0000207 is_a: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin [Term] id: UBERON:0007272 name: pectoral appendage skeleton def: "Skeletal subdivision consisting of the anterior appendicular limb skeleton, excluding the pectoral girdle." [VSAO:0005000, VSAO:NI] synonym: "cheiropterygium" RELATED [VSAO:0005000, VSAO:NI] xref: VSAO:0005000 is_a: UBERON:0011582 ! skeleton of limb/fin relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004710 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 {source="VSAO"} ! pectoral appendage relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage property_value: has_no_connections_with UBERON:0007273 [Term] id: UBERON:0007273 name: pelvic appendage skeleton def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic appendage region." [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0011582 ! skeleton of limb/fin relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004709 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 {source="VSAO"} ! pelvic appendage relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0007274 name: crista of ampulla of anterior semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth comment: todo - unvetted subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "AC" RELATED [TAO:0000619] synonym: "anterior crista" RELATED [TAO:0000619] synonym: "anterior crista ampullaris" EXACT [ZFA:0000619] synonym: "anterior cristae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000619] synonym: "anterior semicircular canal sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000619] synonym: "anterior semicircular canal sensory patches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000619] synonym: "rostral crista" EXACT [ZFA:0000619] synonym: "sensory patches" RELATED [TAO:0000619] xref: FMA:75610 xref: TAO:0000619 xref: XAO:0004137 xref: ZFA:0000619 is_a: UBERON:0003238 ! epithelium of superior semicircular canal is_a: UBERON:0006935 ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001857 intersection_of: UBERON:0006935 ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001857 ! anterior semicircular duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001857 ! anterior semicircular duct property_value: external_definition "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000619", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007275 name: crista of ampulla of posterior semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth comment: todo - unvetted subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "caudal crista" EXACT [ZFA:0000566] synonym: "PC" RELATED [TAO:0000566] synonym: "posterior crista" RELATED [TAO:0000566] synonym: "posterior crista ampullaris" EXACT [ZFA:0000566] synonym: "posterior cristae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000566] synonym: "posterior semicircular canal sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000566] synonym: "posterior semicircular canal sensory patches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000566] synonym: "sensory patches" RELATED [TAO:0000566] xref: FMA:75611 xref: TAO:0000566 xref: XAO:0004133 xref: ZFA:0000566 is_a: UBERON:0003239 ! epithelium of posterior semicircular canal is_a: UBERON:0006935 ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001858 intersection_of: UBERON:0006935 ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001858 ! posterior semicircular duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001858 ! posterior semicircular duct property_value: external_definition "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000566", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007276 name: crista of ampulla of lateral semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth comment: todo - unvetted subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "lateral crista" RELATED [TAO:0000166] synonym: "lateral crista ampullaris" EXACT [ZFA:0000166] synonym: "lateral cristae" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000166] synonym: "lateral semicircular canal sensory patch" EXACT [ZFA:0000166] synonym: "lateral semicircular canal sensory patches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000166] synonym: "LC" RELATED [TAO:0000166] synonym: "sensory patches" RELATED [TAO:0000166] xref: FMA:75612 xref: TAO:0000166 xref: ZFA:0000166 is_a: UBERON:0003240 ! epithelium of lateral semicircular canal is_a: UBERON:0006935 ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001859 intersection_of: UBERON:0006935 ! crista ampullaris neuroepithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001859 ! lateral semicircular duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001859 ! lateral semicircular duct property_value: external_definition "Patches of thickened, pseudostratified epithelium of the inner ear, consisting of regular arrays of sensory hair cells interspersed with supporting cells. Each patch has its own charcteristic shape and polarity pattern. (See Anatomical Atlas entry for sensory patches of the ear by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000166", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007277 name: presumptive hindbrain xref: EFO:0003440 xref: TAO:0000569 xref: ZFA:0000569 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0007278 name: presumptive sinus venosus def: "Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the sinus venosus." [ZFA:0001722] xref: TAO:0002234 xref: ZFA:0001722 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002063 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002063 ! sinus venosus relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002063 ! sinus venosus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004141 {source="ZFA"} ! heart tube [Term] id: UBERON:0007279 name: presumptive atrioventricular canal xref: TAO:0002227 xref: ZFA:0001723 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002087 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0004141 ! heart tube property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the atrioventricular canal.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002227", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007280 name: presumptive endocardium xref: TAO:0002233 xref: ZFA:0001724 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002165 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the endocardium.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002233", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007281 name: presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary synonym: "presumptive MHB" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EFO:0003446 xref: TAO:0001187 xref: XAO:0004086 xref: ZFA:0001187 is_a: UBERON:0009774 ! embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0002346 intersection_of: UBERON:0009774 ! embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002346 ! neurectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0007282 name: presumptive segmental plate xref: EFO:0003421 xref: TAO:0000053 xref: ZFA:0000053 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003059 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003059 ! presomitic mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009618 {consistent_with="UBERONREF:0000002", source="EDHAA2"} ! trunk paraxial mesoderm relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003059 ! presomitic mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0007283 name: presumptive shield xref: EFO:0003444 xref: TAO:0001121 xref: ZFA:0001121 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003062 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003062 ! primitive knot relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003062 ! primitive knot [Term] id: UBERON:0007284 name: presumptive neural plate xref: EFO:0003424 xref: TAO:0000063 xref: ZFA:0000063 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003075 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate property_value: external_definition "Region of the gastrula which gives rise to the neural plate.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000063", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007285 name: presumptive paraxial mesoderm xref: EFO:0003443 xref: TAO:0000591 xref: XAO:0004134 xref: ZFA:0000591 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003077 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0007286 name: presumptive floor plate xref: EFO:0003454 xref: TAO:0001218 xref: ZFA:0001218 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003079 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003079 ! floor plate [Term] id: UBERON:0007287 name: presumptive bulbus arteriosus xref: TAO:0002230 xref: ZFA:0001712 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004152 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0004152 ! bulbus arteriosus relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004152 ! bulbus arteriosus property_value: external_definition "Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the bulbus arteriosus.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002230", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007288 name: presumptive forebrain midbrain boundary xref: EFO:0003463 xref: TAO:0001368 xref: ZFA:0001368 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005075 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005075 ! forebrain-midbrain boundary relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005075 ! forebrain-midbrain boundary [Term] id: UBERON:0007289 name: presumptive rhombomere 1 xref: TAO:0001207 xref: ZFA:0001207 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005499 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1 relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005499 ! rhombomere 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0007290 name: presumptive rhombomere 3 xref: EFO:0003451 xref: TAO:0001213 xref: ZFA:0001213 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005507 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3 relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005507 ! rhombomere 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0007291 name: presumptive rhombomere 4 xref: EFO:0003450 xref: TAO:0001212 xref: ZFA:0001212 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005511 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4 relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005511 ! rhombomere 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0007292 name: presumptive rhombomere 5 xref: EFO:0003449 xref: TAO:0001211 xref: ZFA:0001211 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005515 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5 relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005515 ! rhombomere 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0007293 name: presumptive rhombomere 6 xref: EFO:0003448 xref: TAO:0001210 xref: ZFA:0001210 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005519 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6 relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005519 ! rhombomere 6 [Term] id: UBERON:0007294 name: presumptive rhombomere 7 xref: EFO:0003447 xref: TAO:0001209 xref: ZFA:0001209 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005523 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7 relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005523 ! rhombomere 7 [Term] id: UBERON:0007295 name: presumptive rhombomere 8 xref: EFO:0003452 xref: TAO:0001214 xref: ZFA:0001214 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005527 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8 relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005527 ! rhombomere 8 [Term] id: UBERON:0007296 name: presumptive rhombomere 2 xref: TAO:0001208 xref: ZFA:0001208 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005569 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2 relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005569 ! rhombomere 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0007297 name: presumptive pronephric mesoderm synonym: "nephron primordium" EXACT [ZFA:0001070] xref: EFO:0003619 xref: TAO:0001070 xref: ZFA:0001070 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005721 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005721 ! pronephric mesoderm relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005721 ! pronephric mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0007298 name: pronephric proximal convoluted tubule xref: TAO:0002238 xref: ZFA:0001620 is_a: UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule is_a: UBERON:0006173 ! pronephric proximal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 intersection_of: UBERON:0001287 ! proximal convoluted tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros [Term] id: UBERON:0007299 name: choroid plexus of tectal ventricle synonym: "choroid plexus tectal ventricle" EXACT [ZFA:0001445] xref: TAO:0001445 xref: ZFA:0001445 is_a: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002289 intersection_of: UBERON:0001886 ! choroid plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002289 ! cerebral aqueduct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002289 ! cerebral aqueduct [Term] id: UBERON:0007300 name: pectoral appendage blood vessel synonym: "pectoral fin blood vessel" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0005301] xref: TAO:0005301 xref: ZFA:0005301 is_a: UBERON:0007301 ! limb/fin blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0007301 name: limb/fin blood vessel synonym: "fin blood vessel" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0005299] xref: TAO:0005299 xref: ZFA:0005299 is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin [Term] id: UBERON:0007302 name: pectoral appendage vasculature synonym: "pectoral fin vasculature" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0005096] xref: TAO:0005096 xref: ZFA:0005096 is_a: UBERON:0007304 ! limb/fin vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0007303 name: pharyngeal vasculature synonym: "branchial vasculature" EXACT [ZFA:0005003] xref: TAO:0005003 xref: ZFA:0005003 is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0007304 name: limb/fin vasculature synonym: "fin vasculature" NARROW SENSU [ZFA:0005095] xref: TAO:0005095 xref: ZFA:0005095 is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin [Term] id: UBERON:0007306 name: pronephric glomerular capillary xref: TAO:0005309 xref: ZFA:0005309 is_a: UBERON:0004212 ! glomerular capillary relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 intersection_of: UBERON:0004212 ! glomerular capillary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros [Term] id: UBERON:0007307 name: pronephric glomerular basement membrane xref: TAO:0005313 xref: ZFA:0005313 is_a: UBERON:0005777 ! glomerular basement membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 intersection_of: UBERON:0005777 ! glomerular basement membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros [Term] id: UBERON:0007308 name: pronephric distal early tubule xref: TAO:0002236 xref: ZFA:0001622 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006337 ! distal early tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 intersection_of: UBERON:0006337 ! distal early tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros [Term] id: UBERON:0007311 name: sputum def: "Matter ejected from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea, through the mouth." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] synonym: "expectoration" RELATED [BTO:0001297] xref: BTO:0001297 xref: GAID:1171 xref: MA:0002536 xref: MESH:A.12.200.808 xref: ncithesaurus:Sputum is_a: UBERON:0006538 ! respiratory system fluid/secretion relationship: part_of UBERON:0006524 ! alveolar system [Term] id: UBERON:0007312 name: pudendal artery xref: MA:0002028 xref: SCTID:277968003 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007314 name: superior external pudendal artery xref: MA:0002029 is_a: UBERON:0007312 ! pudendal artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007315 name: internal pudendal artery def: "The internal pudendal artery is an artery that branches off the internal iliac artery, providing blood to the external genitalia. The internal pudendal artery is the terminal branch of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery. It is smaller in the female than in the male." [Wikipedia:Internal_pudendal_artery] synonym: "arteria pudenda interna" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internal_pudendal_artery] synonym: "internal pudendal vessels" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_pudendal_artery] synonym: "internal pudic artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_pudendal_artery] xref: FMA:18835 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Gray1244.png xref: SCTID:244309002 is_a: UBERON:0007312 ! pudendal artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007316 name: deep external pudendal artery def: "The deep external pudendal artery (deep external pudic artery), more deeply seated than the superficial external pudendal artery, passes medialward across the Pectineus and the Adductor longus muscles; it is covered by the fascia lata, which it pierces at the medial side of the thigh, and is distributed, in the male, to the integument of the scrotum and perineum, in the female to the labium majus; its branches anastomose with the scrotal (or labial) branches of the perineal artery." [Wikipedia:Deep_external_pudendal_artery] synonym: "arteria pudenda externa profunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deep_external_pudendal_artery] xref: FMA:20739 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Gray549.png xref: SCTID:31708008 is_a: UBERON:0007312 ! pudendal artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007317 name: superficial external pudendal artery def: "The superficial external pudendal artery (superficial external pudic artery) arises from the medial side of the femoral artery, close to the superficial epigastric artery and superficial iliac circumflex artery." [Wikipedia:Superficial_external_pudendal_artery] synonym: "arteria pudenda externa superficialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superficial_external_pudendal_artery] xref: FMA:20738 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Gray549.png xref: SCTID:47954000 is_a: UBERON:0003520 ! pelvis blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0007312 ! pudendal artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0002060 ! femoral artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001308 ! external iliac artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002060 ! femoral artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007318 name: saphenous vein def: "Either of two main superficial veins of the leg, one larger than the other, that begin at the foot." [BTO:0001808] xref: BTO:0001808 xref: MA:0002215 xref: MESH:A.07.231.908.819 xref: ncithesaurus:Saphenous_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007319 name: medial saphenous vein comment: todo - check synonym: "medial accessory saphenous vein" EXACT [FMA:44322] xref: FMA:44322 xref: MA:0002173 is_a: UBERON:0007318 ! saphenous vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001363 {source="FMA/obol"} ! great saphenous vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007321 name: lateral saphenous vein comment: todo - check synonym: "lateral accessory saphenous vein" EXACT [FMA:44321] xref: FMA:44321 xref: MA:0002161 is_a: UBERON:0007318 ! saphenous vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001361 {source="FMA/obol"} ! femoral vein relationship: tributary_of UBERON:0001363 {source="FMA/obol"} ! great saphenous vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007324 name: pancreatic lobe comment: todo - check synonym: "lobulus pancreaticus" EXACT [FMA:16012] synonym: "pancreas lobe" EXACT [MA:0000721] synonym: "pancreatic lobule" EXACT [FMA:16012] xref: FMA:16012 xref: MA:0000721 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000017 ! exocrine pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0007329 name: pancreatic duct def: "A duct that is part of the pancreas and connected to the duodenum." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Pancreatic_duct] comment: note that this class groups together accessory (dorsal) and main (ventral) pancreatic ducts. AO notes: in EHDAA2, the dorsal and ventral ducts are classified as epithelial sacs - review after overhaul of duct/epithelia terms subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "duct of pancreas" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "ductus pancreaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pancreatic_duct] synonym: "pancreas duct" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA:9194 xref: FMA:10419 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray1100.png xref: MA:0000124 xref: SCTID:181278006 xref: TAO:0001372 xref: VHOG:0000254 xref: ZFA:0001372 is_a: UBERON:0003928 {source="ZFA"} ! digestive system duct is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003922 ! pancreatic bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas property_value: external_definition "Duct connecting the pancreas with the intestine. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000254", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "These data show that ducts within the zebrafish pancreas originally arise in situ from isolated progenitor cells rather than arising from reiterative branching of the pancreatic epithelium. This process of pancreatic duct formation in zebrafish may be analogous to the mechanism of duct formation in the mammalian mammary and salivary glands. (...) A related mechanism of duct formation has also been proposed to occur within the mammalian pancreatic epithelium.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000254", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.04.035 Yee NS, Lorent K, Pack M, Exocrine pancreas development in zebrafish. Developmental Biology (2005)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007330 name: rhamphotheca def: "thin keratinized layer of epidermis projecting from outer surface of beak[WP]." [Wikipedia:Beak#Rhamphotheca] comment: Development notes: This covering arises from the Malpighian cells of the bird's epidermis,[9] growing from plates at the base of each mandible[WP] synonym: "horny sheath of beak" RELATED [] synonym: "outer keratin layer of beak" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0005094 ! beak [Term] id: UBERON:0007331 name: maxillary rhamphotheca synonym: "maxillary beak" RELATED [] synonym: "rhinotheca" RELATED [Wikipedia:Beak#Rhamphotheca] is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007330 ! rhamphotheca is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0010012 intersection_of: UBERON:0007330 ! rhamphotheca intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010012 ! upper beak relationship: part_of UBERON:0010012 ! upper beak [Term] id: UBERON:0007332 name: mandibular rhamphotheca synonym: "gnathotheca" RELATED [Wikipedia:Beak#Rhamphotheca] synonym: "mandibular beak" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007330 ! rhamphotheca is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0010013 intersection_of: UBERON:0007330 ! rhamphotheca intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010013 ! lower beak relationship: part_of UBERON:0010013 ! lower beak [Term] id: UBERON:0007333 name: avian pallium def: "In the anatomy of animals, an avian pallium is the dorsal telencephalon of a bird's brain. Pallium of avian species tend to be relatively large, comprising ~75% of the telencephalic volume." [Wikipedia:Avian_pallium] xref: BTO:0003399 is_a: UBERON:0000203 ! pallium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0007334 name: nidopallium def: "The nidopallium, meaning nested pallium, is the region of the avian brain that is used mostly for some types of executive functions but also other higher cognitive tasks. The region was renamed to nidopallium in 2002 during the Avian Brain Nomenclature Consortium because the prior name suggested that the region was used for more primitive functions." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avian_Brain_Nomenclature_Consortium, Wikipedia:Nidopallium] synonym: "nested pallium" RELATED [BTO:0003389] xref: BTO:0003389 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007347 name: hyperpallium def: "Birds have a unique pallial structure known as the hyperpallium, once called the hyperstriatum." [Wikipedia:Hyperpallium] synonym: "hyperstriatum" RELATED [BTO:0003400] xref: BTO:0003400 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007349 name: mesopallium synonym: "middle pallium" RELATED [BTO:0003405] xref: BTO:0003405 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007350 name: arcopallium def: "The arcopallium refers to regions of the avian brain which partially overlap regions homologous to the amygdala of mammals. These regions have formerly been referred to as archistriatum, and before this epistriatum or amygdaloid complex[1], and a recent change of nomenclature has divided the region into the arcopallium and posterior pallial amygdala.[2] The new nomenclature, adopted in 2004, reflects a modern understanding that the avian brain is broadly similar to the mammalian brain, containing large regions homologous to the mammalian neocortex, claustrum, and pallial amygdala. The outdated nomenclature it replaced perceived the avian brain as consisting almost entirely of enlarged basal ganglia, to which more complex outer layers had been added during a progress toward mammalian intelligence." [Wikipedia:Arcopallium] synonym: "arched pallium" RELATED [BTO:0003408] synonym: "archistriatum" RELATED [BM:ARCO, http://www.avianbrain.org/archistriatum.html] xref: BM:ARCO xref: BTO:0003408 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007351 name: nucleus isthmo-opticus synonym: "nucleus isthmoopticus" RELATED [BTO:0003411] xref: BTO:0003411 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0007333 ! avian pallium [Term] id: UBERON:0007352 name: stria vascularis vasculature def: "blood vessels supplying the stria vascularis in the cochlea of the inner ear." [MP:0004368] is_a: UBERON:0002200 ! vasculature of head is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004522 ! vasculature of musculoskeletal system is_a: UBERON:0006876 ! vasculature of organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002282 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002282 ! stria vascularis of cochlear duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002282 ! stria vascularis of cochlear duct [Term] id: UBERON:0007354 name: cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube def: "The cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube, about 24 mm. in length, is formed of a triangular plate of elastic fibrocartilage, the apex of which is attached to the margin of the medial end of the osseous portion of the tube, while its base lies directly under the mucous membrane of the nasal part of the pharynx, where it forms an elevation, the torus tubarius or cushion, behind the pharyngeal orifice of the tube. The upper edge of the cartilage is curled upon itself, being bent laterally so as to present on transverse section the appearance of a hook; a groove or furrow is thus produced, which is open below and laterally, and this part of the canal is completed by fibrous membrane. The cartilage lies in a groove between the petrous part of the temporal and the great wing of the sphenoid; this groove ends opposite the middle of the medial pterygoid plate. The cartilaginous and bony portions of the tube are not in the same plane, the former inclining downward a little more than the latter. The diameter of the tube is not uniform throughout, being greatest at the pharyngeal orifice, least at the junction of the bony and cartilaginous portions, and again increased toward the tympanic cavity; the narrowest part of the tube is termed the isthmus. The position and relations of the pharyngeal orifice are described with the nasal part of the pharynx. The mucous membrane of the tube is continuous in front with that of the nasal part of the pharynx, and behind with that of the tympanic cavity; it is covered with ciliated epithelium and is thin in the osseous portion, while in the cartilaginous portion it contains many mucous glands and near the pharyngeal orifice a considerable amount of adenoid tissue, which has been named by Gerlach the tube tonsil. The tube is opened during deglutition by the Salpingopharyngeus and Dilatator tubC&. The latter arises from the hook of the cartilage and from the membranous part of the tube, and blends below with the Tensor veli palatini." [Wikipedia:Cartilage_of_pharyngotympanic_tube] synonym: "cartilage of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:60096] synonym: "cartilage of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60096] synonym: "cartilago tubae auditivae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:60096, FMA:TA] synonym: "cartilago tubae auditivae; cartilago tubae auditoriae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cartilage_of_pharyngotympanic_tube] synonym: "cartilago tubae auditoriae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:60096, FMA:TA] synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube cartilage" EXACT [FMA:60096] xref: FMA:60096 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Gray915.png xref: SCTID:362565000 is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube [Term] id: UBERON:0007355 name: bony part of pharyngotympanic tube def: "The bony part of pharyngotympanic tube is about 12 mm. in length. It begins in the carotid wall of the tympanic cavity, below the septum canalis musculotubarii, and, gradually narrowing, ends at the angle of junction of the squama and the petrous portion of the temporal bone, its extremity presenting a jagged margin which serves for the attachment of the cartilaginous portion." [Wikipedia:Bony_part_of_pharyngotympanic_tube] synonym: "bony part of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:60057] synonym: "bony part of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60057] synonym: "osseous portion" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bony_part_of_pharyngotympanic_tube] synonym: "osseous portion of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60057] synonym: "pars ossea (tuba auditiva)" EXACT [FMA:60057] synonym: "pars ossea (tuba auditoria)" EXACT [FMA:60057] synonym: "pars ossea tubae auditivae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Bony_part_of_pharyngotympanic_tube] xref: FMA:60057 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Gray911.png xref: SCTID:362563007 is_a: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 intersection_of: UBERON:0002481 ! bone tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 ! pharyngotympanic tube [Term] id: UBERON:0007356 name: crop def: "A pouched enlargement of the gullet of many birds that serves as a receptacle for food and for its preliminary maceration." [BTO:0000301, Wikipedia:Crop_(anatomy)#Birds] comment: Editor notes: we follow WP and place as part of the esophagus. Taxon notes: Aves specific structure - consider adding functional grouping class synonym: "esophageal diverticulum" BROAD [] xref: BTO:0000301 xref: SCTID:68028003 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0007357 name: proventriculus def: "The glandular or true stomach of a bird that is situated between the crop and gizzard." [BTO:0001136, Wikipedia:Proventriculus] comment: Taxon notes: consider extending to crocodilians subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0001136 xref: GAID:1239 xref: MESH:A.13.853.710 xref: SCTID:63897003 is_a: UBERON:0000945 {source="cjm"} ! stomach relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0005052 ! gizzard relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0007356 ! crop relationship: has_part UBERON:0010038 {source="Wikipedia"} ! fundic gastric gland [Term] id: UBERON:0007358 name: abomasum def: "The fourth stomach of ruminating animals. It is also called the \"true\" stomach. It is an elongated pear-shaped sac lying on the floor of the abdomen, on the right-hand side, and roughly between the seventh and twelfth ribs. It leads to the beginning of the small intestine. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)" [MESH:A.13.869.106, Wikipedia:Abomasum] subset: organ_slim synonym: "fourth stomach" RELATED [BTO:0000024] synonym: "maw" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abomasum] synonym: "read" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abomasum] synonym: "rennet-bag" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abomasum] synonym: "ruminant true stomach" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000024 xref: GAID:1241 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Abomasum_%28PSF%29.png xref: MESH:A.13.869.106 xref: ncithesaurus:Abomasum xref: SCTID:410028001 is_a: UBERON:0011953 ! stomach glandular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007366 ! ruminant stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0007359 name: ruminant forestomach def: "Any of the first three stomachs of a ruminant, i.e., the rumen, reticulum, or omasum." [BTO:0000480] comment: Development/homology notes: You will still see the statement in some texts that the parts of the forestomach are derived from the embryonic esophagus, and that's the reason why (like the esophagus) they're lined with stratified squamous epithelium. This is open to doubt. While there is no doubt that the rumen, reticulum, and omasum are all derived from the embryonic foregut, there is evidence to indicate that all three come from that an area of the foregut homologous to the part that develops into the single stomach of non-ruminants. If this is so, then the forestomach can be considered diverticula (or derivatives) of the stomach proper, not the esophagus, despite the nature of the lining -- http://www.vetmed.vt.edu/education/curriculum/vm8054/labs/lab21/Examples/exrumen.htm subset: organ_slim synonym: "forestomach" BROAD SENSU [BTO:0000480] xref: BTO:0000480 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Abomasum_%28PSF%29.png is_a: UBERON:0011954 ! stomach non-glandular region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0007366 ! ruminant stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0007361 name: ruminant reticulum def: "The second stomach of ruminants. It lies almost in the midline in the front of the abdomen, in contact with the liver and diaphragm and communicates freely with the RUMEN via the ruminoreticular orifice. The lining of the reticulum is raised into folds forming a honeycomb pattern over the surface. (From Concise Veterinary Dictionary, 1988)" [MESH:A.13.869.697, Wikipedia:Reticulum_(anatomy)] synonym: "reticulum" BROAD SENSU [BTO:0000347] xref: BTO:0000347 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Abomasum_%28PSF%29.png xref: MESH:A.13.869.697 xref: ncithesaurus:Reticulum xref: SCTID:23703003 is_a: UBERON:0011954 ! stomach non-glandular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007359 ! ruminant forestomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0007364 ! reticulorumen [Term] id: UBERON:0007362 name: omasum def: "The third stomach of ruminants, situated on the right side of the abdomen at a higher level than the fourth stomach and between this latter and the second stomach, with both of which it communicates. From its inner surface project large numbers of leaves or folia, each of which possesses roughened surfaces. In the center of each folium is a band of muscle fibers which produces a rasping movement of the leaf when it contracts. One leaf rubs against those on either side of it, and large particles of food material are ground down between the rough surfaces, preparatory to further digestion in the succeeeding parts of the alimentary canal. (Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)" [MESH:A.13.869.524, Wikipedia:Omasum] synonym: "omasum" RELATED [MESH:A.13.869.524] xref: BTO:0000348 xref: GAID:1242 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Abomasum_%28PSF%29.png xref: MESH:A.13.869.524 xref: ncithesaurus:Omasum xref: SCTID:410028001 is_a: UBERON:0011954 ! stomach non-glandular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007359 ! ruminant forestomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0007364 ! reticulorumen [Term] id: UBERON:0007364 name: reticulorumen def: "first chamber in the alimentary canal of ruminant animals. It is composed of the rumen and reticulum. The reticulum differs from the rumen with regard to the texture of its lining. The rumen wall is covered in small finger like projections called papillae, which are flattened, approximately 0.5 cm in length and 0.3 cm wide in cattle. The reticulum is lined with ridges that form a hexagonal honeycomb pattern. The ridges are approximately 0.1 - 0.2 mm wide and are raised 0.5 cm above the reticulum wall. The hexagons in the reticulum are approximately 2-5 cm wide in cattle. Despite the differences in the texture of the lining of the two parts of the reticulorumen, it represents one functional space. Microbial fermentation degrades ingested carbohydrates in the reticulorumen to the volatile fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate, and proteins to short peptides, amino acids and ammonia. This fermentation is anaerobic and allows the microbes in the reticulorumen to derive the energy and amino nitrogen in order that they can reproduce. Ruminants absorb the volatile fatty acids across the reticulorumen wall and use them for energy, while the microbes eventually flow out of the rumen into the remainder of the alimentary canal, where they are eventually digested and absorbed. The reticulum, at approximately 5-20 litres, is considerably smaller in capacity than the rumen, which is approximately 100-200 litres in cattle. The oesophageal groove, which links the oesophagus and the omasum is located in the reticulum[WP]." [Wikipedia:Reticulorumen] synonym: "retriculo-rumen" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0007366 ! ruminant stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0007365 name: rumen def: "The first stomach of ruminants. It lies on the left side of the body, occupying the whole of the left side of the abdomen and even stretching across the median plane of the body to the right side. It is capacious, divided into an upper and a lower sac, each of which has a blind sac at its posterior extremity. The rumen is lined by mucous membrane containing no digestive glands, but mucus-secreting glands are present in large numbers. Coarse, partially chewed food is stored and churned in the rumen until the animal finds circumstances convenient for rumination. When this occurs, little balls of food are regurgitated through the esophagus into the mouth, and are subjected to a second more thorough mastication, swallowed, and passed on into other parts of the compound stomach. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)." [MESH:A.13.869.804, Wikipedia:Rumen] comment: Structure notes: There is no muscularis mucosae in the rumen synonym: "paunch" RELATED [BTO:0001194] xref: BTO:0001194 xref: GAID:1244 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Abomasum_%28PSF%29.png xref: MESH:A.13.869.804 xref: ncithesaurus:Rumen xref: SCTID:45138000 is_a: UBERON:0011954 ! stomach non-glandular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007359 ! ruminant forestomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0007364 ! reticulorumen [Term] id: UBERON:0007366 name: ruminant stomach def: "The ruminants' stomach consists of four compartments: rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum. The first three compartments comprise the forestomach (proventriculus). They are lined with nonglandular membrane. The fourth compartment, the abomasum comprises the true stomach of the ruminants. It is lined with glandular mucous membrane. The rumen lies on the left of the abdominal cavity, the reticulum cranially and the omasum on the right. The abomasum lies ventrally, its proximal end lies ventral to the rumen, reticulum and omasum" [http://www.onemedicine.tuskegee.edu/DigestiveSystem/Stomach/Stomach_Ruminants.html] comment: Editor notes: in future this ontology may distinguish between stomachs lined with glandular epithelium ("true" stomachs) and non-glandular xref: GAID:1240 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Abomasum_%28PSF%29.png xref: MESH:A.13.869 is_a: UBERON:0000945 ! stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0007367 name: surface of tongue synonym: "tongue surface" EXACT [FMA:54647] xref: FMA:54647 xref: SCTID:314870004 is_a: UBERON:0006984 ! anatomical surface relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0006984 ! anatomical surface intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0007371 name: superior surface of tongue synonym: "dorsal surface of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54646] xref: FMA:54646 is_a: UBERON:0007367 ! surface of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0007373 name: inferior surface of tongue synonym: "ventral surface of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54648] synonym: "ventrum linguae" EXACT [] xref: FMA:54648 xref: SCTID:362100003 is_a: UBERON:0007367 ! surface of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0007374 name: incus cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18228 is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006248 ! incus pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0007375 name: primary or secondary palate def: "Either the primary or secondary palate" [UBERON:cjm] subset: grouping_class synonym: "palate" EXACT [] synonym: "palatum" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "roof of mouth" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0007376 name: outer epithelial layer def: "The epidermis is the entire outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species[GO]. The epidermis of a more complex invertebrate is just one-layer deep, and may be protected by a non-cellular cuticle. The epidermis of a higher vertebrate has many layers, and the outer layers are reinforced with keratin and then die[WP]." [Wikipedia:Epidermis_(zoology)] comment: Editor's note: this grouping class exists primarily to align with GO - see GO:0008544. subset: grouping_class synonym: "epidermis" NARROW [GO:0008544] synonym: "hypodermis" RELATED INCONSISTENT [GO:0008544, WBbt:0005733] synonym: "outer epidermal layer" EXACT [] xref: FBbt:00004993 xref: HAO:0000298 xref: TADS:0000109 xref: WBbt:0005733 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0007377 name: stratum compactum def: "Portion of the dermis characterized by a well-arranged, plywood-like, collagenous network." [ISBN10:0073040584, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-040726-12] comment: connective tissue in the skin is usually diffuse and irregular, although in some species collagen bundles are arranged in a distinct ordered layer in the dermis synonym: "dermal deep region" EXACT [ZFA:0001182] xref: AAO:0010600 xref: TAO:0001182 xref: ZFA:0001182 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from collagenous dermal stroma (TAO:0001186)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001182", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of the dermis characterized by a well-arranged, plywood-like, collagenous network. Le Guellec et al, 2004.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001182", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007378 name: egg yolk def: "The yellow spheroidal mass of stored food that forms the inner portion of the egg of a bird or reptile and is surrounded by the white." [BTO:0000371, Wikipedia:Yolk] synonym: "yolk" RELATED [BTO:0000371] xref: AAO:0010579 xref: BTO:0000371 xref: MESH:A.16.631.325 xref: ncithesaurus:Egg_Yolk xref: VHOG:0001742 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007379 ! egg property_value: external_definition "Extraembryonic structure that serves as a nutrient store for the embryo during development.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010579", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: homology_notes "The majority of animals develop from a spherical egg with a single axis, the animal-vegetal (an-veg) axis. The animal half of the egg usually contains the nucleus of the oocyte, while the vegetal half of the egg is the preferred site for the storage of yolk. Eggs with an-veg polarity are considered ancestral for the vertebrates. Frogs, for example, have eggs with vegetally concentrated yolk and the nucleus located in the animal cytoplasm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001742", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/S0925-4773(98)00226-3 Arendt D, Nubler-Jung K, Rearranging gastrulation in the name of yolk: evolution of gastrulation in yolk-rich amniote eggs. Mechanism of Development (1999)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007379 name: egg def: "The hard-shelled reproductive body produced by a bird and especially by the common domestic chicken; also: its contents used as food." [BTO:0000369, Wikipedia:Egg_(biology)] xref: BTO:0000369 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0007380 name: dermal scale def: "Dermal bone that is thin, flexible, and platelike, and that develops in overlapping skinfolds that cover the body and often the head of fish and the bases of the fins." [TAO:curator, Wikipedia:Scale_(zoology)#Fish_scales] synonym: "fish scale" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scale_(zoology)#Fish_scales] synonym: "scales" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000277] xref: AAO:0010056 xref: TAO:0000277 xref: VSAO:0000048 xref: ZFA:0000277 is_a: UBERON:0002542 ! scale is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis [Term] id: UBERON:0007381 name: epidermal scale def: "." [Wikipedia:Reptile_scales] is_a: UBERON:0002542 ! scale is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis [Term] id: UBERON:0007383 name: enveloping layer of ectoderm def: "Outermost monolayer of cells surrounding the embryo that become very flattened in the blastula and give rise to the periderm. Originallu this tissue is one cell layer thick but in most vertebrates it soon becomes a two layered structure. The outer layer gives rise to the periderm." [ISBN:9780878932504, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576] synonym: "enveloping layer" EXACT [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576] synonym: "EVL" EXACT [ZFA:0000086] xref: EFO:0003425 xref: TAO:0000086 xref: ZFA:0000086 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: develops_from superficial blastomere (TAO:0001484)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000086", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Outermost monolayer of cells surrounding the embryo that become very flattened in the blastula and give rise to the periderm. Sometimes used synonymously with periderm. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000086", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007384 name: limb/fin lymph vessel xref: TAO:0005300 xref: ZFA:0005300 is_a: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 intersection_of: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0007304 ! limb/fin vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0007385 name: pectoral appendage lymph vessel xref: TAO:0005302 xref: ZFA:0005302 is_a: UBERON:0007384 ! limb/fin lymph vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 intersection_of: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0007302 ! pectoral appendage vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0007386 name: pelvic appendage lymph vessel is_a: UBERON:0007384 ! limb/fin lymph vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 intersection_of: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0007389 name: limb/fin fin cartilage xref: TAO:0001543 xref: ZFA:0001543 is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin property_value: external_definition "Cartilage which is part of one of the paired fins.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001543", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007390 name: pectoral appendage cartilage synonym: "pectoral fin cartilage" RELATED [TAO:0000257] xref: TAO:0000257 xref: ZFA:0000257 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007389 ! limb/fin fin cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0007272 ! pectoral appendage skeleton property_value: external_definition "Cartilage which is part of the pectoral fin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000257", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007391 name: pelvic appendage cartilage synonym: "pelvic fin cartilage" RELATED [TAO:0001459] xref: TAO:0001459 xref: ZFA:0001459 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007389 ! limb/fin fin cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0007273 ! pelvic appendage skeleton property_value: external_definition "Cartilage which is part of the pelvic fin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001459", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007412 name: midbrain raphe nuclei def: "Midline nuclei found in the midbrain, includes the dorsal raphe nucleus and the rostral linear nucleus of raphe." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676] comment: todo - check. note BTO class is placed here as it is placed in hindbrain synonym: "midbrain raphe" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676] synonym: "midbrain raphe nuclei" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676] synonym: "nuclei raphes tegmenti mesencephali" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77787, FMA:TA] synonym: "raphe nuclei of tegmentum of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:77787] synonym: "raphe nucleus" BROAD [BTO:0003387] synonym: "set of raphe nuclei of tegmentum of midbrain" EXACT [FMA:77787] xref: ABA:RAmb xref: BTO:0003387 xref: FMA:77787 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1676 is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004684 {source="Wikipedia"} ! raphe nuclei property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001965 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002142 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007413 name: nucleus of pontine reticular formation synonym: "pontine reticular formation nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72245] xref: ABA:PRNr xref: FMA:72245 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002573 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002573 ! pontine reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002573 ! pontine reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0007414 name: nucleus of midbrain tegmentum xref: FMA:258768 is_a: UBERON:0002635 ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009661 ! midbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 ! midbrain tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0007415 name: nucleus of midbrain reticular formation synonym: "midbrain reticular formation nucleus" EXACT [FMA:62443] synonym: "midbrain reticular nucleus" EXACT [ABA:MRN] xref: ABA:MRN xref: FMA:62443 is_a: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002639 intersection_of: UBERON:0007414 ! nucleus of midbrain tegmentum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002639 ! midbrain reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002639 ! midbrain reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0007416 name: cerebellar peduncle xref: FMA:272298 xref: MA:0002742 xref: ncithesaurus:Cerebellar_Peduncle xref: SCTID:362417003 is_a: UBERON:0007417 {source="FMA"} ! peduncle of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002474 ! cerebellar peduncular complex [Term] id: UBERON:0007417 name: peduncle of neuraxis synonym: "neuraxis peduncle" EXACT [FMA:83860] xref: FMA:83860 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0007418 name: decussation of neuraxis synonym: "neuraxis decussation" EXACT [FMA:83858] xref: FMA:83858 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0007425 name: decussation of diencephalon synonym: "diencephalon decussation" EXACT [FMA:62446] xref: FMA:62446 is_a: UBERON:0003931 ! diencephalic white matter is_a: UBERON:0007418 {source="FMA"} ! decussation of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0007418 ! decussation of neuraxis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 {source="Obol"} ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0007440 name: stratum intermedium def: "The stratum intermedium in a developing tooth is a layer of two or three cells between the inner enamel epithelium and the newly forming cells of the stellate reticulum. It first appears during the early bell stage of tooth development, at around the 14th week of intrauterine life (in humans). The stratum intermedium has a notably high alkaline phosphatase activity. This layer, along with the inner enamel epithelium, is responsible for the tooth enamel formation. It is a part of the dental (enamel) organ." [Wikipedia:Stratum_intermedium] xref: BTO:0005009 xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Intermedium is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 {source="BTO"} ! tooth enamel organ [Term] id: UBERON:0007473 name: cavity of vesicle alt_id: EHDAA2:0003079 def: "The space within an epithelial sphere." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000079 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0007503 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0007503 ! epithelial vesicle relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0007503 ! epithelial vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0007475 name: matrix-based tissue alt_id: EHDAA2:0003081 def: "A tissue whose predominant feature is extracellular matrix which may or may not be highly hydrated or calcified." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000081 xref: EHDAA2:0003081 is_a: UBERON:0000479 {source="AEO"} ! tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0007486 name: fluid-based anatomical entity alt_id: EHDAA2:0003095 def: "Fluid anatomical entity containing cells." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000095 xref: EHDAA2:0003095 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="AEO"} ! multi-tissue structure [Term] id: UBERON:0007490 name: keratin-based acellular structure alt_id: EHDAA2:0003099 def: "Acellular anatomical structure whose predominant constituent is keratin." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000099 xref: EHDAA2:0003099 is_a: UBERON:0000476 {source="AEO"} ! acellular anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0007491 name: chitin-based acellular structure alt_id: EHDAA2:0003100 def: "Acellular anatomical structure whose predominant constituent is chitin." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000100 xref: EHDAA2:0003100 is_a: UBERON:0000476 {source="AEO"} ! acellular anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0007497 name: developing epithelial placode alt_id: EHDAA2:0003112 def: "A domain of columnar epithelium in an embryo that represents the early stage of the development of the epithelial component of a new anatomical structure." [AEO:0000218, JB:DEF] comment: Consider merging with ectodermal placode? In EHDAA2 this includes lens, nasal, otic epibranchial and trigeminal placodes synonym: "epithelial placode" EXACT [AEO:0000112] xref: AEO:0000218 xref: AEO_RETIRED:0000112 xref: EHDAA2_RETIRED:0003112 is_a: UBERON:0000485 {source="AEO"} ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000061 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0007499 name: epithelial sac def: "An epithelial tube that is open at one end only." [AEO:JB, UBERONREF:0000001] xref: AEO:0000115 xref: EHDAA2:0003115 is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="AEO"} ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0009856 ! sac [Term] id: UBERON:0007500 name: epithelial tube open at both ends def: "An epithelial tube open at both ends that allows fluid flow." [AEO:JB, UBERONREF:0000001] xref: AEO:0000116 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0003116 is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="AEO"} ! epithelial tube [Term] id: UBERON:0007501 name: arborizing epithelial duct system alt_id: EHDAA2:0003117 def: "A collection of connected epithelial tubes with a single portal." [AEO:JB, UBERONREF:0000001] synonym: "arborising epithelial duct system" EXACT [AEO:0000117] xref: AEO:0000117 xref: EHDAA2:0003117 is_a: UBERON:0000480 ! anatomical group relationship: has_part UBERON:0003914 {source="AEO"} ! epithelial tube [Term] id: UBERON:0007502 name: epithelial plexus alt_id: EHDAA2:0003118 def: "A complex of interlinking epithelial tubules." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000118 xref: EHDAA2:0003118 is_a: UBERON:0000480 ! anatomical group relationship: has_part UBERON:0003914 {source="AEO"} ! epithelial tube [Term] id: UBERON:0007503 name: epithelial vesicle alt_id: EHDAA2:0003119 def: "A closed epithelium with a lumen." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000119 xref: EHDAA2:0003119 is_a: UBERON:0000483 {source="AEO"} ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007521 name: smooth muscle sphincter def: "A ring of smooth muscle cells whose contraction closes the opening of the ring." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000143 xref: EHDAA2:0003143 xref: SCTID:362915001 is_a: UBERON:0001135 {source="AEO"} ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0007522 name: striated muscle sphincter def: "A ring of striated muscle cells whose contraction closes the opening of the ring." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000144 xref: EHDAA2:0003144 is_a: UBERON:0002036 {source="AEO"} ! striated muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0007524 name: dense mesenchyme tissue alt_id: EHDAA2:0003146 def: "Mesenchyme with little extracellular matrix." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000146 xref: EHDAA2:0003146 is_a: UBERON:0003104 {source="AEO"} ! mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0007529 name: loose mesenchyme tissue alt_id: EHDAA2:0003151 def: "Mesenchyme whose cells are embedded in obvious amounts of extracellular matrix." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000151 xref: EHDAA2:0003151 is_a: UBERON:0003104 {source="AEO"} ! mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0007530 name: migrating mesenchyme population alt_id: EHDAA2:0003152 def: "Mesenchymal cells that are migrating." [AEO:JB] comment: Editors note: this class will be an important part of the NC reorganization xref: AEO:0000152 xref: EHDAA2:0003152 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0007540 name: obsolete surface sense organ comment: obsoleted due to incorrect logical definition. A new class with the same name may be created in the future. is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0007567 name: regenerating anatomical structure alt_id: EHDAA2:0003233 def: "An anatomical structure that, as part of its normal physiology, undergoes regeneration. Examples include endometrium and antlers." [AEO:JB] synonym: "regenerating tissue" RELATED [ZFA:0005147] xref: AEO:0000200 xref: EHDAA2:0003233 xref: TAO:0005147 xref: XAO:0004059 xref: ZFA:0005147 is_a: UBERON:0000061 {source="AEO"} ! anatomical structure property_value: external_definition "A portion of tissue that is regrowing after damage or amputation.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005147", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007573 name: migrating epithelium alt_id: EHDAA2:0003251 def: "An epithelium that extends its surface area by peripheral movement." [AEO:JB] xref: AEO:0000206 xref: EHDAA2:0003251 is_a: UBERON:0000483 {source="AEO"} ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007574 name: apical epidermal cap synonym: "apical epidermal caps" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0005148] xref: TAO:0005148 xref: ZFA:0005148 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-070928-184 is_a: UBERON:0007567 {source="ZFA"} ! regenerating anatomical structure property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of regeneration epithelium (TAO:0001389)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005148", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Part of the regeneration epithelium closest to the fin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005148", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007589 name: ciliated columnar oviduct epithelium comment: in FMA, epithelium of uterine tube is a subclass of ciliated columnar epithelium. MA introduces subtypes: ciliated columnar and cuboidal. We map the FMA type according to its relationships, not its label synonym: "uterine tube epithelium" EXACT [FMA:62016] xref: FMA:62016 xref: MA:0001719 is_a: UBERON:0004804 {source="MA"} ! oviduct epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007592 {source="FMA"} ! ciliated columnar epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000993 intersection_of: UBERON:0007592 ! ciliated columnar epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000993 ! oviduct relationship: part_of UBERON:0000993 ! oviduct [Term] id: UBERON:0007590 name: cuboidal oviduct epithelium xref: MA:0001720 is_a: UBERON:0004804 {source="MA"} ! oviduct epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007592 name: ciliated columnar epithelium def: "Simple columnar epithelium in which the luminal side of the cells bears cilia. Examples: epithelium of trachea, epithelium of uterine tube.[FMA]" [FMA:64798] xref: FMA:64798 is_a: UBERON:0000485 {source="FMA"} ! simple columnar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007601 ! ciliated epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007601 name: ciliated epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007602 name: stratified columnar epithelium def: "Multilaminar epithelium which consists of more than one layer of columnar cells, only one layer of which is in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: ciliated stratified columnar epithelium, epithelium of lactiferous sinus.[FMA]" [FMA:45564] synonym: "epithelium stratificatum columnare" EXACT [FMA:45564] xref: FMA:45564 xref: ncithesaurus:Stratified_Columnar_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000486 {source="FMA"} ! multilaminar epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007603 name: stratified cuboidal epithelium def: "Stratified cuboidal epithelia is a rare type of epithelial tissue composed of cuboidally shaped cells arranged in multiple layers. They protect areas such as ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands." [Wikipedia:Stratified_cuboidal_epithelium] synonym: "epithelium stratificatum cuboideum" EXACT [FMA:63912] xref: FMA:63912 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Gray940.png xref: ncithesaurus:Stratified_Cuboidal_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000486 {source="FMA"} ! multilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010077 ! cuboidal epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007606 name: ciliated stratified columnar epithelium xref: FMA:67521 is_a: UBERON:0007601 ! ciliated epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007602 {source="FMA"} ! stratified columnar epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0007610 name: tibial artery def: "The anterior and posterior arteries created at the bifurcation of the popliteal artery. The anterior tibial artery begins at the lower border of the popliteus muscle and lies along the tibia at the distal part of the leg to surface superficially anterior to the ankle joint. Its branches are distributed throughout the leg, ankle, and pes. The posterior tibial artery begins at the lower border of the popliteus muscle, lies behind the tibia in the lower part of its course, and is found situated between the medial malleolus and the medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity. Its branches are distributed throughout the leg and foot." [MESH:A.07.231.114.895] xref: GAID:514 xref: MA:0002067 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.895 xref: ncithesaurus:Tibial_Artery xref: SCTID:181351007 is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="MESH"} ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003516 ! hindlimb blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0007612 name: extensor digitorum communis def: "A muscle on the back of the forearm that extends the fingers and wrist." [BTO:0001343, Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_muscle] synonym: "extensor communis" RELATED [] synonym: "extensor digitorum" EXACT [FMA:38500] synonym: "extensor digitorum communis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus extensor digitorum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_digitorum_muscle] xref: BTO:0001343 xref: FMA:38500 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Extensor_digitorum_muscle.png xref: MA:0002293 xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Digitorum_Communis is_a: UBERON:0011024 {source="Wikipedia"} ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001523 {source="dbpedia"} ! flexor digitorum profundus relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0003222 {source="dbpedia"} ! flexor digitorum superficialis relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004300 {source="dbpedia", notes="extensor expansion of middle and distal phalanges of the 2nd 3rd 4th and 5th fingers"} ! distal phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0007613 name: extensor digitorum lateralis muscle comment: Origin distal to extensor digitorum communis. The part of this muscle that gives a tendon to the 5th digit is comparable to the extensor digiti quinti proprius of the human [ISBN10:9780716717553] synonym: "extensor digitorum lateralis" EXACT [MA:0002294] xref: MA:0002294 xref: ncithesaurus:Extensor_Digitorum_Lateralis is_a: UBERON:0011024 {source="Wikipedia"} ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003639 {source="ISBN10:9780716717553"} ! manual digit 5 phalanx property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 {source="ISBN10:9780716717553"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007614 name: extensor digiti minimi muscle def: "The extensor minimi digiti (extensor digiti quinti proprius) is a slender muscle of the forearm, placed on the ulnar side of the Extensor digitorum communis, with which it is generally connected. It arises from the common Extensor tendon by a thin tendinous slip, from the intermuscular septa between it and the adjacent muscles. Its tendon runs through a compartment of the dorsal carpal ligament behind the distal radio-ulnar joint, then divides into two as it crosses the manus, and finally joins the expansion of the Extensor digitorum communis tendon on the dorsum of the first phalanx of the little finger[WP]." [http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/MuscularSystem/Text/E/14Extensor.shtml, Wikipedia:Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle] comment: The tendon of insertion is sometimes divided and gives a slip to the fourth digit. An ulnar slip has been observed to end on the base of the fifth metacarpal, thus exactly reproducing the arrangement of the serially homologous slip known as peroneus tertius in the leg. The muscle may be absent in rare cases, but fusion with extensor digitorum is frequent, in which case the tendon comes from the common extensor. synonym: "extensor digiti minimi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle] synonym: "extensor digiti minimi %28hand%29" RELATED [Wikipedia:Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle] synonym: "extensor digiti quinti proprius" RELATED [http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/MuscularSystem/Text/E/14Extensor.shtml, Wikipedia:Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle] synonym: "musculus extensor digiti minimi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Extensor_digiti_minimi_muscle] xref: FMA:38503 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Gray424.png xref: SCTID:361819009 is_a: UBERON:0011024 {source="Wikipedia"} ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004331 {notes="at the extensor expansion located at the base of the proximal phalanx of digit V on the dorsal side", source="dbpedia"} ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006807 {notes="the anterior portion of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus", source="dbpedia"} ! ectepicondyle of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0007615 name: prostate gland ventral lobe def: "Prostate gland lobe that in the mouse has the following characteristics: grossly, clear, gelatinous, and leaf-like; originates ventrally and wraps incompletely around the urethra dorsally, bilaterally. Simple columnar epithelium with the least amount of infolding. Secretory cells are oval and have slightly foamy cytoplasm; nuclei and basal nucleoli are inconspicuous. The secretion is pale and homogeneous. The stroma is thin" [PMID:15163300] xref: BTO:0000490 xref: MA:0001740 is_a: UBERON:0001328 {source="MA"} ! lobe of prostate property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 {never_in_taxon="PMID:15163300"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007616 name: layer of synovial tissue def: "A thin, loose vascular connective tissue that makes up the membranes surrounding joints and the sheaths protecting tendons (particularly flexor tendons in the hands and feet) where they pass over bony prominences. Synovial tissue contains synovial cells, which secrete a viscous liquid called synovial fluid; this liquid contains protein and hyaluronic acid and serves as a lubricant and nutrient for the joint cartilage surfaces[BTO]. Synovial tissue can be found in tendons (tissues that connect muscle to bone), bursae (fluid-filled, cushioning sacs found in spaces between tendons, ligaments, and bones), and the cavity (hollow enclosed area) that separates the bones of a freely movable joint, such as the knee or elbow[BTO]." [BTO:0001338, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/578563/synovial-tissue] synonym: "stratum synoviale" NARROW [FMA:TA] synonym: "synovial layer" NARROW [FMA:66762] synonym: "synovial membrane" NARROW [FMA:66762] synonym: "synovial tissue" RELATED [BTO:0001338] xref: BTO:0001338 xref: FMA:66762 is_a: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane is_a: UBERON:0002384 {source="BTO"} ! connective tissue relationship: secretes UBERON:0001090 intersection_of: UBERON:0000042 ! serous membrane intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0001090 ! synovial fluid relationship: secretes UBERON:0001090 ! synovial fluid [Term] id: UBERON:0007617 name: synovial cavity of joint synonym: "articular cavity (synovial joint)" EXACT [FMA:11356] synonym: "cavitas articularis (junctura synovialis)" EXACT [FMA:11356] synonym: "cavity of synovial joint" EXACT [FMA:11356] xref: FMA:11356 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002217 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint [Term] id: UBERON:0007618 name: synovial cavity of hip joint xref: EMAPA:19021 xref: FMA:9701 is_a: UBERON:0007617 ! synovial cavity of joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 intersection_of: UBERON:0007617 ! synovial cavity of joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 {source="FMA"} ! hip joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint [Term] id: UBERON:0007619 name: limiting membrane of retina comment: MA does treat internal/external limiting membranes as layers - these are classified as laminae. We do not follow this convention. However, we do following MA is grouping these terms together subset: grouping_class synonym: "retina lamina" EXACT [MA:0001318] xref: MA:0001318 xref: SCTID:280667001 is_a: UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0003902 ! retinal neural layer [Term] id: UBERON:0007622 name: pecten oculi def: "a comb-like structure of blood vessels belonging to the choroid in the eye of a bird or reptile. It is non-sensory and is a pigmented structure that projects into the vitreous body from the point where the optic nerve enters the eyeball. The pecten is believed to both nourish the retina and control the pH of the vitreous body." [Wikipedia:Pecten_oculi] is_a: UBERON:0002203 ! vasculature of eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! choroid [Term] id: UBERON:0007623 name: comb and wattle def: "A wattle is a fleshy dewlap or caruncle hanging from various parts of the head or neck in several groups of birds, goats and other animals. In some birds the caruncle is erectile tissue." [Wikipedia:Wattle_(anatomy)] synonym: "comb" RELATED [GAID:1207] synonym: "wattle" RELATED [GAID:1207] synonym: "wattles and comb" RELATED [GAID:1207] xref: GAID:1207 xref: MESH:A.13.242 xref: SCTID:3643003 xref: SCTID:37118002 is_a: UBERON:0000021 ! cutaneous appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0007625 name: pigment epithelium of eye def: " epithelial layer of the retina, ciliary body, or iris composed of cells containing pigment granules." [MP:0005200] synonym: "eye pigment epithelium" RELATED [MESH:A.09.371.670] xref: GAID:907 xref: MESH:A.09.371.670 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000970 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000970 ! eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0000970 ! eye [Term] id: UBERON:0007626 name: subparaventricular zone xref: ABA:SBPV xref: MA:0000842 is_a: UBERON:0003048 ! regional part of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 {source="MA"} ! medial zone of hypothalamus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001934 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002034 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002219 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002625 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002689 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002690 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007627 name: magnocellular nucleus of stria terminalis def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3220] comment: the magnocellular nucleus projects to virtually all known major parts of the brain network that controls pelvic functions, including micturition, defecation, and penile erection, as well as to brain networks controlling nutrient and body water homeostasis. This and other evidence suggests that the magnocellular nucleus is part of a corticostriatopallidal differentiation modulating and coordinating pelvic functions with the maintenance of nutrient and body water homeostasis[PMID:16304682] synonym: "magnocellular nucleus" EXACT [MA:0000928] xref: ABA:BSTmg xref: MA:0000928 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011173 {source="MA"} ! anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003017 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007628 name: lateral septal complex comment: todo - split nucleus and complex xref: ABA:LSX xref: FMA:61878 xref: MA:0000933 is_a: UBERON:0002663 {source="MA"} ! septal nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002435 {source="ABA"} ! striatum [Term] id: UBERON:0007629 name: medial septal complex xref: ABA:MSC xref: FMA:61879 xref: MA:0000934 is_a: UBERON:0002663 {source="MA"} ! septal nuclear complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002977 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007630 name: septohippocampal nucleus xref: ABA:SH xref: MA:0000939 is_a: UBERON:0002663 {source="MA"} ! septal nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0007628 ! lateral septal complex property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0001878 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002667 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007631 name: accessory olfactory bulb glomerular layer xref: ABA:AOBgl xref: MA:0000967 is_a: UBERON:0011215 ! cell part cluster of neuraxis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004069 {source="ABA"} ! accessory olfactory bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0007632 name: Barrington's nucleus xref: ABA:B xref: MA:0001011 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {source="MA"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 {source="MA"} ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002143 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002147 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002149 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002151 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002633 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002682 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002963 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002968 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0003011 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007633 name: nucleus of trapezoid body comment: consider splitting into nucleus and complex synonym: "nuclei of trapezoid body" RELATED [FMA:84023] synonym: "set of nuclei of trapezoid body" RELATED [FMA:84023] xref: ABA:NTB xref: BM:NTB xref: FMA:84023 xref: MA:0001018 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_745 xref: SCTID:362405000 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {source="MA"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 {source="MA"} ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002126 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002162 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002591 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002610 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002864 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002866 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002873 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007634 name: parabrachial nucleus xref: ABA:PB xref: BM:PB xref: MA:0001019 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0006331 {source="MA"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000988 {source="MA"} ! pons property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002128 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002597 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0006840 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007635 name: nucleus of medulla oblongata xref: FMA:258772 xref: SCTID:304943004 is_a: UBERON:0002678 ! regional part of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0006331 ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 intersection_of: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0007637 name: hippocampus stratum lucidum def: "A cytoarchitectural term denoting the layer of the CA3 field of the HIPPOCAMPUS that is deep to the Stratum pyramidale hippocampi and superficial to the Stratum radiatum (Hof-2000)." [nif_annot:NeuroNames_defSource, Wikipedia:Stratum_lucidum_of_hippocampus] synonym: "stratum lucidum" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4108] synonym: "stratum lucidum hippocampi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stratum_lucidum_of_hippocampus] xref: ncithesaurus:Stratum_Lucidum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4108 xref: SCTID:419156002 is_a: UBERON:0002305 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0007639 name: hippocampus alveus def: "Regional part of fornix consisting of a thin layer of white matter on the surface of the hippocampal formation, bordering the wall of the lateral ventricle and composed of white, myelinated fibers. The alveus arises from cell bodies in the subiculum and hippocampus, and eventually merges with the fimbria of the hippocampus. The fimbria goes on to become the fornix (MM: 2006-10-26)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1510] comment: todo - check xref: ncithesaurus:Alveus synonym: "alveus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1510] synonym: "alveus of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:83867] synonym: "neuraxis alveus" EXACT [FMA:83867] xref: FMA:83867 xref: ncithesaurus:Alveus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1510 xref: SCTID:369094002 is_a: UBERON:0002305 {source="Wikipedia"} ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0007640 name: hippocampus stratum lacunosum moleculare def: "A cytoarchitectural term denoting the outermost layer of the hippocampus (Stephan-75) (NeuroNames)." [nif_annot:NeuroNames_defSource] synonym: "lacunar-molecular layer of hippocampus" EXACT [FMA:83149] synonym: "stratum lacunosum moleculare" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1359] synonym: "stratum lacunosum-moleculare" EXACT [ABA:ABA] xref: FMA:83149 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1359 is_a: UBERON:0002305 ! layer of hippocampus [Term] id: UBERON:0007641 name: trigeminal nuclear complex def: "The sensory trigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla. There is also a distinct trigeminal motor nucleus that is medial to the chief sensory nucleus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve_nuclei] comment: In MA and FMA this is part of the pons / pontime tegmentum. We weaken this to overlaps to avoid inconsistency. In NIF this is a composite structure spanning multiple regions, which is more appropriate. synonym: "nuclei trigemini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trigeminal_nerve_nuclei] synonym: "trigeminal nuclei" EXACT [FMA:71248] xref: BM:V xref: FMA:71248 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_4096 is_a: UBERON:0007245 {source="FMA"} ! nuclear complex of neuraxis relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001645 ! trigeminal nerve relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0007642 name: ligamentum arteriosum def: "a small ligament attached to the superior surface of the pulmonary trunk and the inferior surface of the aortic arch. It is a nonfunctional vestige of the ductus arteriosus, and is formed within three weeks of birth. The ligamentum arteriosum is closely related to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the left vagus nerve. After splitting from the left vagus nerve, the left recurrent laryngeal loops around the aortic arch posterior to the ligamentum arteriosum, after which it ascends to the larynx[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ligamentum_arteriosum] synonym: "arterial ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ligamentum_arteriosum] synonym: "Botallo's duct" EXACT [FMA:13421] synonym: "Botallo's ligament" EXACT [FMA:13421] synonym: "Harvey's ligament" EXACT [FMA:13421] xref: FMA:13421 xref: SCTID:198009004 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006591 {source="FMA"} ! transformed artery is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005440 intersection_of: UBERON:0006591 ! transformed artery intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0005440 ! ductus arteriosus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005440 ! ductus arteriosus [Term] id: UBERON:0007643 name: node of ligamentum arteriosum def: "an inconstant lymph node of the anterior mediastinal group located adjacent to the ligamentum arteriosum." [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?node+of+ligamentum+arteriosum] synonym: "Botallo's node" EXACT [FMA:74033] synonym: "ligamentum arteriosum node" EXACT [FMA:74033] synonym: "lymph node of ligamentum arteriosum" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "nodus ligamenti arteriosi" EXACT [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?node+of+ligamentum+arteriosum] xref: FMA:74033 is_a: UBERON:0002524 {source="FMA"} ! mediastinal lymph node relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0007642 ! ligamentum arteriosum [Term] id: UBERON:0007644 name: thoracic lymph node def: "A lymph node that is part of a thorax. Includes lymph nodes of the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes" [Obol:automatic, Wikipedia:Lymph_node#Lymph_nodes_of_the_thorax] synonym: "lymph node of thorax" EXACT [FMA:12772] xref: FMA:12772 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracic_Lymph_Node xref: SCTID:196374005 is_a: UBERON:0000029 {source="FMA"} ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 intersection_of: UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0007645 name: future meninx comment: The zebrafish primitive meninx develops from neural crest[UBERONREF:0000002]. In EHDAA2 the meninges are divided by layer and location, each has differing developmental origins - mesenchyme from mesoderm/endoderm, mesenchyme from NC synonym: "primitive meninx" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002360 ! meninx relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0007646 name: endomeninx def: "the layer of embryonic mesoderm from which the arachnoid coat and pia mater of the brain develop." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/endomeninx] is_a: UBERON:0007645 ! future meninx [Term] id: UBERON:0007647 name: ectomeninx def: "the layer of mesoderm from which the dura mater and much of the membrane bone of the skull develop in the higher vertebrate embryo." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/ectomeninx] is_a: UBERON:0007645 ! future meninx relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0007650 name: esophagogastric junction def: "the junction between the esophagus and the stomach epithelium" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/esophagogastric+junction] synonym: "cardioesophageal junction" EXACT [FMA:9434] synonym: "esophageal sphincter" RELATED [MESH:A.03.365.414] synonym: "esophagogastric junction" RELATED [MESH:A.03.365.414] synonym: "gastroesophageal junction" EXACT [FMA:9434] xref: BTO:0004364 xref: FMA:9434 xref: GAID:292 xref: MESH:A.03.365.414 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastroesophageal_Junction xref: SCTID:362130006 is_a: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001043 {source="MESH"} ! esophagus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001276 {source="tFD"} ! epithelium of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0007651 name: anatomical junction def: "Anatomical structure in which parts of two or more anatomical structures establish physical continuity with one another or intermingle their component parts. Examples: gastroesophageal junction, line alba, knee joint.[FMA]" [FMA:5898] subset: upper_level xref: FMA:5898 xref: SCTID:91833003 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0007652 name: esophageal sphincter comment: editor note - check for specific subtypes across species. Note mammals have upper and lower, but lower is really part of cardia and thus is not classified under here synonym: "oesophagial sphincter" EXACT [ZFA:0000415] xref: SCTID:277765007 xref: TAO:0000415 xref: ZFA:0000415 is_a: UBERON:0003832 ! esophagus muscle is_a: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0007653 name: capillary loop nephron def: "Developing nephron where the developing glomerular capsule has been invaded by a glomerular capillary loop called the glomerular tuft." [ZFIN:curator] comment: TODO synonym: "developing capillary loop stage nephron" EXACT [EMAPA:28506] synonym: "stage III nephron" EXACT [http://www.gudmap.org/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/Capillary_loop.html] xref: EMAPA:28506 xref: ZFA:0005590 is_a: UBERON:0010532 {source="cjm"} ! primitive nephron relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004199 {source="ZFA"} ! S-shaped body [Term] id: UBERON:0007654 name: maturing nephron comment: TODO synonym: "stage IV nephron" RELATED [EMAPA:28485] xref: EMAPA:28485 is_a: UBERON:0010532 {source="cjm"} ! primitive nephron relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007653 ! capillary loop nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 {source="EMAPA"} ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0007656 name: lateral recess of fourth ventricle def: "The lateral recess is a projection of the fourth ventricle which extends into the inferior cerebellar peduncle of the brainstem. The lateral aperture, an opening in each extremity of the lateral recess, provides a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid to flow from the brain's ventricular system into the subarachnoid space." [Wikipedia:Lateral_recess] synonym: "lateral recess" BROAD [EMAPA:17257] synonym: "recessus lateralis ventriculi quarti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_recess] xref: EMAPA:17257 xref: FMA:78470 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray768.png xref: SCTID:369283008 is_a: UBERON:0000464 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical space disjoint_from: UBERON:0008902 ! lateral recess of third vetricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 {source="EMAPA"} ! fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0007657 name: anular ligament of radius def: "The anular ligament (orbicular ligament) is a strong band of fibers, which encircles the head of the radius (bone), and retains it in contact with the radial notch of the ulna" [Wikipedia:Anular_ligament_of_radius] synonym: "annular ligament of radius" EXACT [FMA:38872] synonym: "anular ligament" BROAD [EMAPA:19322] synonym: "ligamentum anulare radii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:38872, FMA:TA] synonym: "orbicular ligament of radius" EXACT [FMA:38872] xref: EMAPA:19322 xref: FMA:38872 xref: SCTID:182394000 is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament is_a: UBERON:0003574 ! elbow connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003575 ! wrist connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004268 ! lower arm connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 {source="FMA"} ! elbow joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0007165 {source="FMA"} ! proximal radio-ulnar joint [Term] id: UBERON:0007679 name: intersegmental vein def: "a vein receiving blood from adjacent bronchopulmonary segments; it emerges from the inferior margin of a segment to become a tributary of a branch of a pulmonary vein[web]. Primary intersegmental vessels that are contacted by secondary angiogenic sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein and take on the characteristics of veins. These eventually link with other secondary sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein to form the parachordal vessel[ZFA]." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97310, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-030908-4] synonym: "intersegmental pulmonary vein" EXACT [FMA:76965] synonym: "ISV" BROAD [ZFA:0001057] synonym: "segmental vein" RELATED [EMAPA:26056] xref: EMAPA:26056 xref: FMA:76965 xref: SCTID:361448009 xref: TAO:0001057 xref: ZFA:0001057 is_a: UBERON:0002016 {source="FMA"} ! pulmonary vein property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass intersegmental vessel (TAO:0001285)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001057", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Primary intersegmental vessels that are contacted by secondary angiogenic sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein and take on the characteristics of veins. These eventually link with other secondary sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein to form the parachordal vessel. Isogai et al. 2003.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001057", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007681 name: facial neural crest def: "Cranial neural crest that is part of the facial region." [ZFA:0000875] xref: EMAPA:16311 xref: TAO:0000875 xref: VHOG:0001209 xref: ZFA:0000875 is_a: UBERON:0003099 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003104 {source="OG"} ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0007213 {source="EMAPA"} ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest property_value: homology_notes "We conclude this section by listing some of the many synapomorphies of craniates, including (1) the neural crest (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001209", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.43", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007683 name: lateral mesenchyme derived from mesoderm xref: EFO:0003590 xref: EMAPA:16409 xref: TAO:0000905 xref: ZFA:0000905 is_a: UBERON:0005256 {source="ZFA"} ! trunk mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0007684 name: uriniferous tubule def: "functional unit of the kidney that forms urine, consisting of two parts, the nephron and the collecting tubule." [ISBN10:0073040584] xref: FMA:17691 is_a: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0004819 ! kidney epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 {source="FMA"} ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0007685 name: region of nephron tubule comment: note - consider moving MA:0000377 renal tubule here, as it includes the various segments (proximal etc) as subclasses, not parts synonym: "region of renal tubule" RELATED [FMA:17692] synonym: "renal tubule region" EXACT [FMA:17692] xref: FMA:17692 is_a: UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule is_a: UBERON:0004810 ! nephron tubule epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0007686 name: obsolete Hatschek's pit/nephridium is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0007687 name: kidney field def: "region of the embryo into the area in which the kidney rudiment will develop." [GO:0072004, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] synonym: "kidney anlage" RELATED [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0007688 name: anlage def: "Anlagen are populations of contiguous cells, typically arranged in one plane, that are morphologically indistinct, but that already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue." [FBbt:00005426, JB:DEF, Wikipedia:Anlage_(biology)] synonym: "field" RELATED [] xref: AEO:0000170 xref: EHDAA2:0003170 xref: FBbt:00005426 is_a: UBERON:0000479 {source="FBbt"} ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0005423 {source="EHDAA2"} ! developing anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0007689 name: thyroid diverticulum def: "endodermal bud derived from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor[MP]. The thyroid diverticulum is the embryological structure from which thyroid follicular cells derive. It grows from the floor of the pharnyx[WP]." [MP:0004662, Wikipedia:Thyroid_diverticulum] synonym: "saccus thyroideus; diverticulum thyroideum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroid_diverticulum] is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003091 ! thyroid primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0007690 name: early pharyngeal endoderm def: "." [http://dev.biologists.org/content/128/22/4573.full] comment: relation conflict: ZFA vs EHDAA2. Note EHDAA2 term renamed to 'early PA endoderm' synonym: "early pharyngeal arch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001457] synonym: "pharyngeal arch endoderm" RELATED [] synonym: "pharyngeal endoderm" RELATED [ZFA:0001104] synonym: "pharyngeal region endoderm" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001456] xref: EFO:0003626 xref: EHDAA2:0001457 xref: EHDAA:962 xref: TAO:0001104 xref: ZFA:0001104 is_a: UBERON:0000925 {source="ZFA"} ! endoderm is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000925 {source="EHDAA2"} ! endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0009722 {source="cjm"} ! entire pharyngeal arch endoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0007691 name: gustatory pore def: "The minute opening of a taste bud on the surface of the oral mucosa through which the gustatory hairs of the specialised neuroepithelial gustatory cells project. " [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?gustatory+pore] synonym: "porus gustatorius" EXACT [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?gustatory+pore] synonym: "taste pore" EXACT [FMA:63589] xref: FMA:63589 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Taste_bud.svg xref: ncithesaurus:Taste_Pore xref: SCTID:368724008 is_a: UBERON:0000161 {source="FMA"} ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001727 intersection_of: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001727 ! taste bud relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0000167 ! oral cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001727 ! taste bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001727 {source="FMA"} ! taste bud [Term] id: UBERON:0007692 name: nucleus of thalamus comment: todo - consider splitting nucleus and complex synonym: "nuclear complex of thalamus" EXACT [FMA:256693] synonym: "thalamic nucleus" EXACT [MA:0002992] xref: BTO:0002452 xref: FMA:256693 xref: MA:0002992 xref: SCTID:279115000 is_a: UBERON:0002730 ! regional part of thalamus is_a: UBERON:0006569 ! diencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0007693 name: caroticotympanic artery def: "The caroticotympanic branch (tympanic branch) is small; it enters the tympanic cavity through a minute foramen in the carotid canal, and anastomoses with the anterior tympanic branch of the internal maxillary, and with the stylomastoid artery." [Wikipedia:Caroticotympanic_arteries] synonym: "arteriae caroticotympanicae, ramus caroticotympanicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Caroticotympanic_arteries] synonym: "caroticotympanic branch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Caroticotympanic_arteries] xref: FMA:49828 xref: SCTID:148470005 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001532 {source="FMA"} ! internal carotid artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005608 {source="http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/content/full/21/3/572"} ! hyoid artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007699 name: tract of spinal cord synonym: "spinal cord tract" EXACT [FMA:75683] xref: FMA:75683 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Cord_Tract is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007702 name: tract of brain comment: Editor notes: we place the NIF class here because it is part of the brain synonym: "brain tract" EXACT [FMA:83848] xref: FMA:83848 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1649 is_a: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0007703 name: spinothalamic tract def: "a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the spinal cord towards target cells in the thalamus. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the spinothalamic tract, one of the major routes of nociceptive signaling[GO]." [Wikipedia:Spinothalamic_tract] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Spinal_cord_tracts_-_English.svg xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010017 xref: SCTID:280417000 is_a: UBERON:0007702 ! tract of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0007707 name: superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain def: "Regional part of superior cerebellar peduncle, located in the midbrain, consisting of a large bundle of fibers largely projecting from the deep cerebellar nuclei to the midbrain and thalamus. It is continuous with the superior cerebellar peduncle of the pons. (MM)." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162] synonym: "SCPMB" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162] synonym: "superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1162 is_a: UBERON:0002635 ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum is_a: UBERON:0003035 ! regional part of cerebellar white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001943 {source="NIF"} ! midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002150 ! superior cerebellar peduncle [Term] id: UBERON:0007709 name: superior cerebellar peduncle of pons comment: note that FMA:72495 most likely denotes this class rather than the more generic parent, due to the part of relationship to pontine tegmentum. synonym: "SCPP" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1726] synonym: "superior cerebellar peduncle of pons" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1726] xref: FMA:72495 xref: NeuroNames:1007150190 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1726 is_a: UBERON:0002680 ! regional part of metencephalon is_a: UBERON:0003035 ! regional part of cerebellar white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0002150 ! superior cerebellar peduncle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 ! pontine tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0003023 {source="FMA"} ! pontine tegmentum [Term] id: UBERON:0007710 name: intermediate nucleus of lateral lemniscus comment: todo - check synonym: "nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, horizontal part" EXACT [ABA:NLLh] xref: ABA:NLLh xref: FMA:77485 is_a: UBERON:0006840 ! nucleus of lateral lemniscus [Term] id: UBERON:0007711 name: sixth cervical dorsal root ganglion synonym: "sixth cervical dorsal root ganglia" EXACT [FMA:6319] synonym: "sixth cervical dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2608] synonym: "sixth cervical spinal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6319] xref: EMAPA:25159 xref: FMA:6319 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2608 is_a: UBERON:0002834 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! cervical dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0007712 name: fourth thoracic spinal ganglion subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "forth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2614] synonym: "fourth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6324] synonym: "fourth thoracic dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EMAPA:25177 xref: FMA:6324 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2614 is_a: UBERON:0002835 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0007713 name: fourth sacral spinal ganglion synonym: "forth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2631] synonym: "fourth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "fourth sacral dorsal root ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6345] xref: EMAPA:25173 xref: FMA:6345 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2631 is_a: UBERON:0002837 {source="FMA"} ! sacral dorsal root ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0007714 name: cervical subsegment of spinal cord synonym: "segment part of cervical spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1688] xref: FMA:256653 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1688 xref: SCTID:278749009 is_a: UBERON:0005844 {source="FMA", source="NIF"} ! spinal cord segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007715 name: thoracic subsegment of spinal cord synonym: "segment part of thoracic spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_892] xref: FMA:256655 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_892 is_a: UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007716 name: lumbar subsegment of spinal cord synonym: "segment part of lumbar spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1652] xref: FMA:256657 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1652 xref: SCTID:278751008 is_a: UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007717 name: sacral subsegment of spinal cord synonym: "segment part of sacral spinal cord" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1512] xref: FMA:256659 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1512 xref: SCTID:278752001 is_a: UBERON:0005844 {source="FMA", source="NIF"} ! spinal cord segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007718 name: principal artery to limb is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="MA"} ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007719 name: bone of reproductive structure synonym: "baculum" NARROW [] synonym: "os penis/os clitoris" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005156 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007721 name: interphalangeal joint of pes def: "The interphalangeal articulations of the foot (articulations of the phalanges) are ginglymoid joints, and each has a plantar and two collateral ligaments. The arrangement of these ligaments is similar to that in the metatarsophalangeal articulations: the Extensor tendons supply the places of dorsal ligaments." [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_foot] synonym: "foot interphalangeal joint" EXACT [MESH:A.02.835.583.378.900] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of foot" EXACT [FMA:35225] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35225, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "toe joint" RELATED [MESH:A.02.835.583.378.900] xref: FMA:35225 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.378.900 xref: ncithesaurus:Interphalangeal_Joint_of_the_Foot xref: ncithesaurus:Toe_Joint xref: SCTID:182225005 is_a: UBERON:0001487 ! joint of pes is_a: UBERON:0006658 ! inter-phalangeal joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0006658 ! inter-phalangeal joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: connects UBERON:0001449 {notes="two in series"} ! phalanx of pes relationship: connects UBERON:0001449 {cardinality="2"} ! phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0007722 name: interphalangeal joint of manus def: "The interphalangeal articulations of hand are hinge-joints of the phalanges of the hand. There are two sets (except in the thumb): \"proximal interphalangeal joints\" (PIP), those between the first (also called proximal) and second (intermediate) phalanges \"distal interphalangeal joints\" (DIP), those between the second and third (distal) phalanges A similar group of articulations also function in the toes." [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand] comment: Editor notes: consider renaming: 'finger' is ambiguous as the term in some usages excludes the thumb (we include it) synonym: "articulationes digitorum manus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand] synonym: "articulationes interphalangeae manus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand] synonym: "articulations of the digits" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand] synonym: "interphalangeal articulations of hand" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35285, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of hand" EXACT [FMA:35285] synonym: "interphalangeal joints of hand" RELATED [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand] synonym: "IP joint" RELATED [FMA:35285] xref: FMA:35285 xref: ncithesaurus:Interphalangeal_Joint_of_the_Hand xref: SCTID:303280009 is_a: UBERON:0001489 ! manus joint is_a: UBERON:0006658 ! inter-phalangeal joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0006658 ! inter-phalangeal joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: connects UBERON:0001436 {notes="two in series"} ! phalanx of manus relationship: connects UBERON:0001436 {cardinality="2"} ! phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0007723 name: interphalangeal joint of manual digit 1 comment: Taxon notes: in humans, this connects proximal and distal phalanges of the thumb, so there is only a single inter-phalangeal joint - i.e. there is no distinct proximal and distal joints synonym: "interphalangeal joint of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35312] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of hand digit 1" EXACT [] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of manual digit 1" EXACT [] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of pollex" EXACT [] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35312, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:25058 xref: FMA:35312 xref: SCTID:182192008 is_a: UBERON:0007722 ! interphalangeal joint of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 intersection_of: UBERON:0007722 ! interphalangeal joint of manus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: connects UBERON:0003620 {cardinality="2"} ! manual digit 1 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0007724 name: interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 1 synonym: "interphalangeal joint of big toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35353, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of first digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35353] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of first digit of pes" EXACT [FMA:35353] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of foot digit 1" EXACT [] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of great toe" EXACT [FMA:35353] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of hallux" EXACT [] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 1" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:26430 xref: FMA:35353 xref: SCTID:363671008 is_a: UBERON:0007721 ! interphalangeal joint of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 intersection_of: UBERON:0007721 ! interphalangeal joint of pes intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 relationship: connects UBERON:0003640 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 1 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0007725 name: interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 2 synonym: "interphalangeal joint of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35356] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of second toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35356, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:26448 xref: FMA:35356 is_a: UBERON:0007721 ! interphalangeal joint of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 intersection_of: UBERON:0007721 ! interphalangeal joint of pes intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: connects UBERON:0003641 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 2 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0007726 name: interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 3 synonym: "interphalangeal joint of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35359] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of third toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35359, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:26454 xref: FMA:35359 is_a: UBERON:0007721 ! interphalangeal joint of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 intersection_of: UBERON:0007721 ! interphalangeal joint of pes intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: connects UBERON:0003642 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 3 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0007727 name: interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 4 synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35362] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fourth toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35362, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:26466 xref: FMA:35362 is_a: UBERON:0007721 ! interphalangeal joint of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 intersection_of: UBERON:0007721 ! interphalangeal joint of pes intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: connects UBERON:0003862 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 4 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0007728 name: interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 5 synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35365] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:35365] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of little toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35365, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:26478 xref: FMA:35365 is_a: UBERON:0007721 ! interphalangeal joint of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 intersection_of: UBERON:0007721 ! interphalangeal joint of pes intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: connects UBERON:0003863 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 5 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0007729 name: interphalangeal joint of manual digit 2 synonym: "interphalangeal joint of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35397, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35397] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of second finger" EXACT [FMA:35397] xref: EMAPA:25061 xref: FMA:35397 is_a: UBERON:0007722 ! interphalangeal joint of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 intersection_of: UBERON:0007722 ! interphalangeal joint of manus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: connects UBERON:0003641 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 2 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 {source="EMAPA"} ! manual digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0007730 name: interphalangeal joint of manual digit 3 synonym: "interphalangeal joint of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35400, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35400] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of third finger" EXACT [FMA:35400] xref: EMAPA:25064 xref: FMA:35400 is_a: UBERON:0007722 ! interphalangeal joint of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 intersection_of: UBERON:0007722 ! interphalangeal joint of manus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: connects UBERON:0003642 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 3 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0007731 name: interphalangeal joint of manual digit 4 synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35403] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:35403] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35403, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:25067 xref: FMA:35403 is_a: UBERON:0007722 ! interphalangeal joint of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 intersection_of: UBERON:0007722 ! interphalangeal joint of manus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: connects UBERON:0003862 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 4 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0007732 name: interphalangeal joint of manual digit 5 synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35407] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:35407] synonym: "interphalangeal joint of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35407, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:25070 xref: FMA:35407 is_a: UBERON:0007722 ! interphalangeal joint of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 intersection_of: UBERON:0007722 ! interphalangeal joint of manus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: connects UBERON:0003863 {cardinality="2"} ! pedal digit 5 phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0007735 name: metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 1 synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint of digit 1 of fore-paw" NARROW [EMAPA:25057] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 1" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of first digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35249] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35249, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:25057 xref: FMA:35249 xref: SCTID:361844001 is_a: UBERON:0003695 ! metacarpophalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 relationship: connects UBERON:0004338 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004338 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 {source="FMA"} ! manual digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0007738 name: metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 2 synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint of digit 2 of fore-paw" NARROW [EMAPA:25060] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 2" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of index finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35252, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of second digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35252] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of second finger" EXACT [FMA:35252] xref: EMAPA:25060 xref: FMA:35252 xref: SCTID:361845000 is_a: UBERON:0003695 ! metacarpophalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 relationship: connects UBERON:0004328 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004328 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 {source="FMA"} ! manual digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0007741 name: metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 3 synonym: "carpometacarpophalangeal joint of third digit" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782] synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint of digit 3 of fore-paw" NARROW [EMAPA:25063] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 3" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of middle finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35255, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of third digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35255] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of third finger" EXACT [FMA:35255] xref: EMAPA:25063 xref: FMA:35255 xref: SCTID:361846004 is_a: UBERON:0003695 ! metacarpophalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 relationship: connects UBERON:0004329 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004329 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 {source="FMA"} ! manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0007744 name: metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 4 synonym: "carpometacarpophalangeal joint of fourth digit" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782] synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint of digit 4 of fore-paw" NARROW [EMAPA:25066] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 4" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of fourth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35258] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:35258] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of ring finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35258, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:25066 xref: FMA:35258 xref: SCTID:361847008 is_a: UBERON:0003695 ! metacarpophalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 relationship: connects UBERON:0004330 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004330 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 {source="FMA"} ! manual digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0007747 name: metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 5 synonym: "metacarpo-phalangeal joint of digit 5 of fore-paw" NARROW [EMAPA:25069] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 5" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of fifth digit of hand" EXACT [FMA:35261] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:35261] synonym: "metacarpophalangeal joint of little finger" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35261, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:25069 xref: FMA:35261 xref: SCTID:361848003 is_a: UBERON:0003695 ! metacarpophalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 relationship: connects UBERON:0004331 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004331 ! proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 {source="FMA"} ! manual digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0007750 name: metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 1 comment: note the name of the structure in EMAPA is incorrect synonym: "first metatarsophalangeal joint" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35228, NCBITaxon:9606] synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of first digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35228] synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe" EXACT [FMA:35228] xref: EMAPA:26436 xref: FMA:35228 xref: SCTID:182223003 is_a: UBERON:0003696 ! metatarsophalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 relationship: connects UBERON:0004315 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004315 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 1 relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004315 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 {source="FMA"} ! pedal digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0007753 name: metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 2 comment: note the name of the structure in EMAPA is incorrect synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of second digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35231] synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of second toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35231, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:26442 xref: FMA:35231 xref: SCTID:361869001 is_a: UBERON:0003696 ! metatarsophalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 relationship: connects UBERON:0004316 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004316 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 2 relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004316 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 {source="FMA"} ! pedal digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0007756 name: metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 3 comment: note the name of the structure in EMAPA is incorrect synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of third digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35234] synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of third toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35234, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:26460 xref: FMA:35234 xref: SCTID:361870000 is_a: UBERON:0003696 ! metatarsophalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 relationship: connects UBERON:0004317 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004317 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 3 relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004317 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 {source="FMA"} ! pedal digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0007759 name: metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 4 comment: note the name of the structure in EMAPA is incorrect synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of fourth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35237] synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of fourth toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35237, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:26472 xref: FMA:35237 xref: SCTID:361871001 is_a: UBERON:0003696 ! metatarsophalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 relationship: connects UBERON:0004318 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004318 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 4 relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004318 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 {source="FMA"} ! pedal digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0007762 name: metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 5 comment: note the name of the structure in EMAPA is incorrect synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of fifth digit of foot" EXACT [FMA:35240] synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:35240] synonym: "metatarsophalangeal joint of little toe" NARROW SENSU [FMA:35240, NCBITaxon:9606] xref: EMAPA:26484 xref: FMA:35240 xref: SCTID:361872008 is_a: UBERON:0003696 ! metatarsophalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 relationship: connects UBERON:0004319 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004319 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 5 relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004319 ! distal phalanx of pedal digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 {source="FMA"} ! pedal digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0007763 name: cerebellum culmen comment: ABA splits culmen into IV and V and IV-V synonym: "culmen" BROAD [MA:0001001, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_926] synonym: "neuraxis culmen" EXACT [FMA:83886] xref: ABA:CUL xref: FMA:83886 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_926 xref: SCTID:279384001 is_a: UBERON:0004070 {source="ABA"} ! cerebellum vermis lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0003941 {source="FMA"} ! cerebellum anterior vermis [Term] id: UBERON:0007764 name: paramedian reticular nucleus def: "The paramedian reticular nucleus (in Terminologia Anatomica, or paramedian medullary reticular group in NeuroNames) sends its connections to the spinal cord in a mostly ipsilateral manner, although there is some decussation. It projects to the vermis in the anterior lobe, the pyramis and the uvula. The paramedian nucleus also projects to the contralateral PRN, the gigantocellular nucleus, and the nucleus ambiguous. The paramedian reticular formation is adjacent to the abducens (VI)nucleus in the pons and adjacent to the oculomotor nucleus(III) in the midbrain. The paramedian nucleus receives afferents mostly from the fastigial nucleus in the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex; however, the projections from the spinal cord are very sparse. The descending afferent connections come mostly from the frontal and parietal lobes; however the pontine reticular formation also sends projections to the paramedian reticular nucleus. There are also very sparse innervations from the superior colliculus. Lesions in the paramedian reticular nucleus have been shown to cause a stereotyped increase in the random patterns of motion in rats. The paramedian nuclei on either side of the brain stem have been shown to mediate the horizontal eye movements on their ipsilateral sides. It seems possible that that the random motion patterns of the above rats were caused by an inability to mediate their horizontal eye movements." [Wikipedia:Paramedian_reticular_nucleus] comment: todo - check synonym: "nucleus reticularis paramedianus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Paramedian_reticular_nucleus] synonym: "paramedian nucleus reticularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Paramedian_reticular_nucleus] synonym: "ventral paramedian reticular nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72583] xref: ABA:PMR xref: FMA:72583 is_a: UBERON:0007635 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0007767 name: dorsal premammillary nucleus xref: ABA:PMd xref: FMA:77006 is_a: UBERON:0002712 ! premammillary nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007768 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007768 name: ventral premammillary nucleus xref: ABA:PMv xref: FMA:77007 is_a: UBERON:0002712 ! premammillary nucleus property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002035 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002206 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002634 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002706 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0007767 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007769 name: medial preoptic region synonym: "medial preoptic area" EXACT [ABA:MPO] xref: ABA:MPO xref: MA:0000839 is_a: UBERON:0003048 ! regional part of hypothalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001928 ! preoptic area relationship: part_of UBERON:0002272 {source="MA"} ! medial zone of hypothalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0007770 name: osphradium def: "The osphradium is the olfactory organ in certain molluscs, linked with the respiration organ. The main function of this is to test incoming water for silt and other possible food particles. It is used by all members of the Genus Conus." [BTO:0004995, Wikipedia:Osphradium] subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0004995 is_a: UBERON:0002268 {source="BTO"} ! olfactory organ [Term] id: UBERON:0007771 name: epidermis gland subset: grouping_class synonym: "epidermal gland" EXACT [] synonym: "gland of epidermis" EXACT [FMA:59153] xref: FMA:59153 is_a: UBERON:0002419 ! skin gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis [Term] id: UBERON:0007772 name: scrotal sweat synonym: "sweat of scrotum" EXACT [FMA:73266] xref: FMA:73266 is_a: UBERON:0001089 {source="FMA"} ! sweat relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0007773 intersection_of: UBERON:0001089 ! sweat intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0007773 ! scrotal sweat gland relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0007773 ! scrotal sweat gland [Term] id: UBERON:0007773 name: scrotal sweat gland subset: organ_slim xref: EMAPA:29743 is_a: UBERON:0001820 ! sweat gland is_a: UBERON:0005399 ! male reproductive gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001300 intersection_of: UBERON:0001820 ! sweat gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001300 ! scrotum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001300 ! scrotum [Term] id: UBERON:0007774 name: secondary dentition def: "The teeth of adulthood that either replace or are added to the complement of deciduous teeth. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)" [MESH:A.14.254.237] synonym: "adult dentition" RELATED [GAID:1251] synonym: "dentes permanentes" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75152, FMA:TA] synonym: "permanent dentition" EXACT [GAID:1251] synonym: "permanent teeth" EXACT [FMA:75152] synonym: "secondary dentition" RELATED [GAID:1251] synonym: "set of permanent teeth" EXACT [FMA:75152] synonym: "set of secondary teeth" EXACT [FMA:75152] xref: FMA:75152 xref: GAID:1251 xref: MESH:A.14.254.237 is_a: UBERON:0003672 {source="FMA"} ! dentition relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0007116 intersection_of: UBERON:0003672 ! dentition intersection_of: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0007116 ! primary dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0007775 name: secondary tooth def: "Permanent teeth are the second set of teeth formed in humans[WP]." [Wikipedia:Permanent_teeth] comment: GAT in FMA synonym: "dentes permanentes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Permanent_teeth] synonym: "permanent tooth" EXACT [FMA:55654] xref: FMA:55654 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Teeth_by_David_Shankbone.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Permanent_Tooth xref: SCTID:245563006 is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007774 intersection_of: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007774 ! secondary dentition relationship: part_of UBERON:0007774 ! secondary dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0007776 name: unerupted tooth def: "A normal developing tooth which has not yet perforated the oral mucosa or one that fails to erupt in the normal sequence or time interval expected for the type of tooth in a given gender, age, or population group." [MESH:A.14.254.860.715] synonym: "unerupted teeth" RELATED [GAID:1268] xref: GAID:1268 xref: MESH:A.14.254.860.715 is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0007777 name: umbilical vein endothelium xref: BTO:0001416 is_a: UBERON:0001919 ! endothelium of vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002066 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002066 ! umbilical vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002066 {source="BTO"} ! umbilical vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0002066 ! umbilical vein [Term] id: UBERON:0007778 name: umbilical artery endothelium xref: BTO:0000857 is_a: UBERON:0001917 ! endothelium of artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001310 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001310 ! umbilical artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001310 {source="BTO"} ! umbilical artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001310 ! umbilical artery [Term] id: UBERON:0007779 name: transudate def: "Body substance in liquid state, which is derived from plasma by passage through the (intact) wall of capillaries without further processing by secretory cells or glands." [FMA:12276] xref: FMA:12276 xref: GAID:1195 xref: MESH:A.12.383 xref: ncithesaurus:Transudate is_a: UBERON:0006314 ! bodily fluid [Term] id: UBERON:0007780 name: exudate def: "Exudates are fluids, cells, or other cellular substances that are slowly discharged from blood vessels usually from inflamed tissues." [MESH:A.12.383] synonym: "transudates and exudate" RELATED [GAID:1195] xref: MESH:A.12.383 xref: ncithesaurus:Exudate is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0007793 name: labyrinthine fluid def: "Fluids found within the osseous labyrinth (PERILYMPH) and the membranous labyrinth (ENDOLYMPH) of the inner ear. (From Gray's Anatomy, 30th American ed, p1328, 1332)" [MESH:A.12.207.571] synonym: "labyrinthine fluid" RELATED [MESH:A.12.207.571] xref: GAID:1183 xref: MESH:A.12.207.571 is_a: UBERON:0006314 {source="MESH"} ! bodily fluid [Term] id: UBERON:0007794 name: serous fluid def: "Transudate contained in a serous sac." [FMA:20932] xref: FMA:20932 is_a: UBERON:0007779 {source="FMA"} ! transudate [Term] id: UBERON:0007795 name: ascitic fluid def: "The serous fluid which accumulates in the peritoneal cavity in ascites." [MESH:A.12.207.119] comment: todo - move to pathological anatomical entity ontology synonym: "ascites" RELATED [BTO:0000091] synonym: "ascites fluid" RELATED [BTO:0000091] xref: BTO:0000091 xref: GAID:1175 xref: MESH:A.12.207.119 is_a: UBERON:0001268 ! peritoneal fluid relationship: part_of UBERON:0000916 {source="BTO"} ! abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0007798 name: vascular system comment: in both MA and BTO, the arterial system and venous sytem are subtypes of the vascular system xref: BTO:0001085 xref: EHDAA2:0004520 xref: MA:0002718 xref: ncithesaurus:Vascular_System is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 {source="MA"} ! cardiovascular system [Term] id: UBERON:0007799 name: mixed dentition def: "The complement of teeth in the jaws after the eruption of some of the permanent teeth but before all the deciduous teeth are absent. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)" [MESH:A.14.254.229] synonym: "transitional dentition" EXACT [GAID:1250] xref: GAID:1250 xref: MESH:A.14.254.229 xref: SCTID:245545006 is_a: UBERON:0003672 {source="GAID"} ! dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0007800 name: proatlas def: "a small, paired bony element (more rarely, having fused parts) located between the skull and the atlas in tuataras, crocodiles, chameleons, and many fossil reptiles; it is uncommon in turtles and mammals (hedgehog). The proatlas apparently develops from the ossified neural part of the sclerotome. Externally it resembles the neural arch of the vertebra, since it articulates anteriorly with the lateral occipital bone and posteriorly with the anterior articular process of the atlas." [http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Proatlas] comment: Variation notes: sometimes seen in humans as an anomaly. is_a: UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0007801 name: pygostyle def: "Pygostyle refers to a number of the final few caudal vertebrae fused into a single ossification, supporting the tail feathers and musculature. In modern birds, the rectrices attach to these[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pygostyle] subset: organ_slim xref: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/birdskeleton.gif xref: SCTID:416894001 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0007802 name: uropygial gland def: "A large gland at the base of a bird's tail that secretes an oil used in preening." [BTO:0001420, Wikipedia:Uropygial_gland] comment: The gland is found near the base of the tail and is shaped into two symmetric parts. The oil of each part of the gland is secreted through the surface of the skin through a grease nipple-like nub. A bird will typically transfer this oil to its feathers by rubbing its head against the oil and then around the rest of the body. Tailward areas are usually preened utilizing the beak. Not all birds have a uropygial gland. Exceptions include the emu, ostrich, and bustards. These typically find other means to stay clean and dry, such as taking a dust bath subset: organ_slim synonym: "oil gland" RELATED [BTO:0001420] xref: BTO:0001420 xref: SCTID:48626006 is_a: UBERON:0002365 {source="BTO"} ! exocrine gland relationship: secretes UBERON:0007803 intersection_of: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0007803 ! preen oil relationship: part_of UBERON:0002415 {source="BTO"} ! tail relationship: secretes UBERON:0007803 ! preen oil [Term] id: UBERON:0007803 name: preen oil is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0007804 name: sclerotic ring def: "Sclerotic rings are rings of bone found in the eyes of several groups of vertebrate animals, except for mammals and crocodilians. They can be made up of single bones or small bones together. They are believed to have a role in supporting the eye, especially in animals whose eyes are not spherical, or which live underwater. Fossil sclerotic rings are known for a variety of extinct animals, including ichthyosaurs, pterosaurs, and dinosaurs, but are often not preserved[WP]." [Wikipedia:Sclerotic_ring] synonym: "scleral ring" EXACT [Wikipedia:Sclerotic_ring] is_a: UBERON:0010290 {source="PMID:17051547"} ! scleral ossicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 [Term] id: UBERON:0007805 name: synsacrum def: "The synsacrum is a skeletal structure, mainly described in birds and dinosaurs, in which the sacrum is extended by incorporation of additional fused or partially-fused caudal or lumbar vertebrae. The ilium of the pelvis is attached to the synsacrum and, in some species, may also be fused to it. Together with the pelvis this forms a rigid structure which carries the weight of the hind end of the animal. In living and some prehistoric birds, posterior to the synsacrum there are usually only a few free caudal vertebrae, on the end of which lies the pygostyle[WP]. Complex of synostotically fused vertebrae supporting the pelvic girdle. In anurans, the synsacrum is formed by two vertebrae and the urostyle is fused to its posterior end[AAO]." [AAO:Pugener_2002, Wikipedia:Synsacrum] comment: produced by fusion of last thoracics, all lumbars, all sacrals, & first few caudals; xref: AAO:0000740 xref: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/birdskeleton.gif xref: SCTID:67943001 is_a: UBERON:0003828 ! abdominal segment bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone is_a: UBERON:0005179 ! pelvis organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 {source="AAO"} ! sacral region of vertebral column property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass portion of (AAO:0010428)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000740", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Complex of synostotically fused vertebrae supporting the pelvic girdle. In anurans, the synsacrum is formed by two vertebrae and the urostyle is fused to its posterior end.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000740", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007806 name: connecting stalk def: "A bridge of mesoderm connecting the caudal end of the young embryo with the trophoblastic tissues; the precursor of the umbilical cord." [Medical_Dictionary:http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/] comment: todo - this is currently defined as a bridge of mesoderm, but in EHDAA2 is extraembryonic structure split into mesoderm and blood vessels xref: BTO:0004705 xref: ncithesaurus:Connecting_Stalk is_a: UBERON:0000478 {source="EHDAA2"} ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005728 {source="EHDAA2"} ! extraembryonic mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0007807 name: connecting stalk blood vessel synonym: "connecting stalk blood vessels" EXACT PLURAL [EHDAA2:0000313] xref: EHDAA2:0000313 is_a: UBERON:0000478 {source="EHDAA2"} ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011921 {source="EHDAA2"} ! connecting stalk blood islands relationship: part_of UBERON:0007806 ! connecting stalk [Term] id: UBERON:0007808 name: abdominal adipose tissue def: "Adipose tissue located inside the peritoneal cavity, packed in between internal organs and torso. An excess of visceral fat is known as central obesity, or belly fat, the pot belly or beer belly effect, in which the abdomen protrudes excessively." [BTO:0004041] synonym: "abdominal fat" RELATED [BTO:0004041] synonym: "intra-abdominal fat" RELATED [BTO:0004041] synonym: "organ fat" RELATED [BTO:0004041] synonym: "visceral adipose tissue" RELATED [BTO:0004041] synonym: "visceral fat" RELATED [BTO:0004041] xref: BTO:0004041 is_a: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001179 intersection_of: UBERON:0001013 ! adipose tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0007809 name: fascia of Camper def: "The superficial layer (fascia of Camper) is a thick superficial layer of the anterior abdominal wall. It is areolar in texture, and contains in its meshes a varying quantity of adipose tissue. It is found superficial to Scarpa's fascia. ." [Wikipedia:Fascia_of_Camper] synonym: "adipose layer of superficial fascia of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19922] synonym: "Camper's fascia" EXACT [Wikipedia:Fascia_of_Camper] synonym: "camper's fascia" EXACT [FMA:19922] synonym: "fascia investiens intermedia abdominis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19922, FMA:TA] synonym: "fatty layer of subcutaneous tissue of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19922] synonym: "fatty layer of superficial fascia of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19922] synonym: "intermediate investing fascia of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19922] synonym: "panniculus adiposus abdominis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fascia_of_Camper] synonym: "panniculus adiposus telae subcutaneae abdominis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:19922, FMA:TA] synonym: "superficial layer of superficial fascia of abdomen" EXACT [FMA:19922] xref: FMA:19922 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Gray393.png is_a: UBERON:0001013 {source="Wikipedia"} ! adipose tissue is_a: UBERON:0003567 ! abdomen connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 {source="FMA"} ! anterior abdominal wall [Term] id: UBERON:0007811 name: craniocervical region def: "The anteriormost subdivision of the body that includes the head and the neck (if present). In vertebrates this is the subdivision that includes the cervical vertebrae." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "head and neck" EXACT [FMA:280881] synonym: "head or neck" RELATED [] xref: EV:0100009 xref: FMA:280881 xref: galen:HeadAndNeck xref: MA:0000006 xref: ncithesaurus:Head_and_Neck xref: SCTID:361355005 is_a: UBERON:0000475 {source="MA"} ! organism subdivision relationship: has_part UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: has_part UBERON:0000974 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:32523"} ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body [Term] id: UBERON:0007812 name: post-anal tail def: "a tail that extends from the posterior tip of the organism to the anus, contains muscle and skeleton." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Taxon notes: present at some time in chordate life history (eg in Urochordates, present only in free-swimming larvae). Function: propellor locomotion (in some species) subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "muscular postanal tail" EXACT [] synonym: "post-vent region" RELATED [TAO:0001117] synonym: "postanal tail" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010338 xref: EHDAA2:0003109 xref: MA:0000008 xref: ncithesaurus:Tail xref: TAO:0001117 xref: XAO:0003026 xref: ZFA:0001117 is_a: UBERON:0002415 ! tail relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002533 ! tail bud property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure that is the terminal, flexible posterior appendage of the organism.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010338", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the vent which includes the anal and caudal fins.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001117", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007818 name: major alar cartilage def: "The greater alar cartilage (lower lateral cartilage) is a thin, flexible plate, situated immediately below the preceding, and bent upon itself in such a manner as to form the medial wall and lateral wall of the naris of its own side. The portion which forms the medial wall (crus mediale) is loosely connected with the corresponding portion of the opposite cartilage, the two forming, together with the thickened integument and subjacent tissue, the septum mobile nasi. The part which forms the lateral wall (crus laterale) is curved to correspond with the ala of the nose; it is oval and flattened, narrow behind, where it is connected with the frontal process of the maxilla by a tough fibrous membrane, in which are found three or four small cartilaginous plates, the lesser alar cartilages (cartilagines alares minores; sesamoid cartilages). Above, it is connected by fibrous tissue to the lateral cartilage and front part of the cartilage of the septum; below, it falls short of the margin of the naris, the ala being completed by fatty and fibrous tissue covered by skin. In front, the greater alar cartilages are separated by a notch which corresponds with the apex of the nose." [Wikipedia:Greater_alar_cartilage] synonym: "cartilago alaris major" EXACT [FMA:59504] synonym: "cartilago alaris major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Greater_alar_cartilage] synonym: "greater alar cartilage" EXACT [FMA:59504] xref: FMA:59504 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray852.png xref: SCTID:361928006 is_a: UBERON:0001823 {source="FMA"} ! nasal cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0007819 name: minor alar cartilage def: "The part which forms the lateral wall is curved to correspond with the ala of the nose; it is oval and flattened, narrow behind, where it is connected with the frontal process of the maxilla by a tough fibrous membrane, in which are found three or four small cartilaginous plates, the lesser alar cartilages." [Wikipedia:Lesser_alar_cartilages] synonym: "cartilago alaris minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lesser_alar_cartilages] synonym: "lesser alar cartilage" EXACT [FMA:59507] xref: FMA:59507 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray852.png is_a: UBERON:0001823 {source="FMA"} ! nasal cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0007820 name: accessory nasal cartilage xref: FMA:59510 is_a: UBERON:0001823 {source="FMA"} ! nasal cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0007821 name: lateral nasal cartilage def: "The lateral cartilage (upper lateral cartilage) is situated below the inferior margin of the nasal bone, and is flattened, and triangular in shape.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_nasal_cartilage] synonym: "cartilago nasi lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_nasal_cartilage] xref: FMA:59511 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Gray852.png xref: SCTID:278944009 is_a: UBERON:0001823 {source="FMA"} ! nasal cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0007822 name: vomeronasal cartilage def: "The vomeronasal cartilage (or Jacobson's cartilage) is a narrow strip of cartilage, low on the medial wall of the nasal cavity. It lies between the cartilaginous nasal septum and the vomer. The cartilage lies below, but is not connected to, the rudimentary vomeronasal organ of Jacobson. Ludwig Levin Jacobson (1783-1843), a Danish anatomist, named this structure in 1809." [Wikipedia:Vomeronasal_cartilage] synonym: "cartilago vomeronasalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vomeronasal_cartilage] synonym: "Huschke's cartilage" EXACT [FMA:59514] synonym: "Jacobson's cartilage" EXACT [FMA:59514] xref: FMA:59514 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Gray51.png xref: SCTID:368123006 is_a: UBERON:0001823 {source="FMA"} ! nasal cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0007823 name: appendage girdle region alt_id: UBERON:0007824 def: "An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc)." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: Note that this encompasses non-skeletal tissue synonym: "fin girdle" RELATED SENSU [] synonym: "fin girdle region" RELATED SENSU [] synonym: "girdle" BROAD [] synonym: "girdle region" BROAD [] synonym: "limb girdle" RELATED SENSU [] synonym: "limb girdle region" RELATED SENSU [] xref: FMA:24874 xref: VSAO:0000303 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex property_value: external_definition "An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). There are only two instances of appendage girdle regions per organism.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000303", ontology="VSAO", source="UBERON:cjm"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004708 [Term] id: UBERON:0007825 name: reticular membrane of spiral organ synonym: "reticular lamina" BROAD [MA:0001194] synonym: "reticular lamina of spiral organ" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "reticular lamina of spiral organ of cochlea" EXACT [Obol:automatic] xref: FMA:77849 xref: MA:0001194 is_a: UBERON:0001967 {source="Obol"} ! reticular lamina is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002227 {source="MA"} ! spiral organ of cochlea [Term] id: UBERON:0007826 name: peritoneal mesentery def: "A double layer composed of peritoneum that attaches the visceral organs to the body wall." [ZFIN:curator] xref: FMA:20570 xref: TAO:0005129 xref: XAO:0000138 xref: ZFA:0005129 is_a: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001178 {source="FMA"} ! visceral peritoneum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 {source="ZFA"} ! peritoneum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum [Term] id: UBERON:0007827 name: external nose def: "Subdivision of face, the exterior of the nose, which consists of a root, dorsum, tip, columella, and right and left alae." [FMA:59515] synonym: "nose" RELATED [] xref: FMA:59515 xref: ncithesaurus:External_Nose xref: SCTID:265785009 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 {source="FMA"} ! olfactory apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0007828 name: girdle bone/zone synonym: "girdle bone" EXACT [MA:0000291] xref: MA:0000291 is_a: UBERON:0010740 ! bone of appendage girdle complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0007823 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0010719 ! girdle skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0007829 name: pectoral girdle bone subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "bone of pectoral girdle" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000292 is_a: UBERON:0007828 {source="MA"} ! girdle bone/zone is_a: UBERON:0010741 ! bone of pectoral complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0007830 name: pelvic girdle bone/zone comment: typically the ilium, ischium and pubis. These can alternately be considered individual bones, or zones of a single fused bone. Editor note: check sacrum, coccyx (MA does NOT include these) subset: vertebrate_core synonym: " bone of pelvic girdle" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvic girdle bone" EXACT [MA:0000293] xref: MA:0000293 xref: SCTID:426214007 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0007828 {source="MA"} ! girdle bone/zone is_a: UBERON:0010742 ! bone of pelvic complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0007831 name: skeleton of pectoral girdle def: "A subdivision of a limb or fin skeleton consisting of bones which connects the upper limb or fin to the axial skeleton on each side. It consists of the clavicle and scapula in humans and, in those species with three bones in the pectoral girdle, the coracoid. Some mammalian species (e.g. the dog and the horse) have only the scapula. In humans, the only joints between the shoulder girdle and axial skeleton are the sternoclavicular joints on each side. No joint exists between each scapula and the rib cage; instead the muscular connection between the two permits relatively great mobility of the shoulder girdle in relation to the pelvic girdle. In those species having only the scapula, no joint exists between the forelimb and the thorax, the only attachment being muscular[WP]. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left pectoral girdle skeletons." [Wikipedia:Pectoral_girdle] comment: AO notes: Note that the VSAO and many ontologies use the label 'pectoral girdle' to denote the skeletal region specifically. subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "cingulum pectorale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pectoral_girdle] synonym: "pectoral girdle" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0000156] synonym: "pectoral girdle skeleton" EXACT [FMA:24141] synonym: "scapular girdle" RELATED [TAO:0000407] xref: AAO:0000422 xref: AAO:0000754 xref: EFO:0000946 xref: EHDAA2:0001420 xref: EMAPA:18025 xref: FMA:24141 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Pectoral_girdle_front_diagram.svg xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Pectoral_girdle_front_diagram.svg/200px-Pectoral_girdle_front_diagram.svg.png xref: MAT:0000181 xref: MIAA:0000181 xref: ncithesaurus:Shoulder_Girdle xref: TAO:0000407 xref: VHOG:0001156 xref: VSAO:0000156 xref: XAO:0003063 xref: ZFA:0000407 is_a: UBERON:0010719 ! girdle skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001421 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 {source="XAO"} ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster of paired dermal and endochondral bones that attaches to the dorso-posterior part of the cranium, and support the radials and pectoral fin. It consists of two components: the primary pectoral girdle consisting of the endochondral coracoid, scapula and mesocoracoid bones, and the secondary pectoral girdle consisting of the dermal posttemporal, supracleithrum, cleithrum and poscleithrum(thra) bones.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000407", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the forelimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for forelimb/fin and caudal musculature.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000156", ontology="VSAO", source="UBERON:cjm"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal structure immediately behind the head attached to the vertebral column by muscles and supporting the forelimbs.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000422", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "The pectoral girdle is clearly of dual origin, composed of dermal as well as endochondral bones. The endochondral component, the scapulocoracoid, evolved by fusion or enlargment of several basal fin elements. (...) The dermal component of the shoulder girdle evolved from dermal bones of the body's surface. (...) Like endochondral bones, these dermal bones were passed along to tetrapods (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001156", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.336 and Figure 9.18", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007832 name: skeleton of pelvic girdle def: "Skeletal subdivision consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb zeugopodium and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb and caudal musculature." [VSAO:0000155, Wikipedia:Pelvis] comment: AO notes: Note that the VSAO and many ontologies use the label 'pelvic girdle' to denote the skeletal region specifically. We place the EHDAA2 class here, note that this includes the pre-cartilage condensation as parts. Editor notes: need to resolve whether this is a paired structure or a single belt (Paired in FMA - implicitly paired in VSAO) subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "pelvic girdle" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0000155] synonym: "pelvic girdle skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0000155] xref: AAO:0000426 xref: AAO:0000768 xref: EFO:0000947 xref: EHDAA2:0001426 xref: EHDAA:7149 xref: EHDAA:8324 xref: EMAPA:18028 xref: FMA:87592 xref: galen:PelvicGirdle xref: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/pectoralgirdles.gif xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Gray242.png/200px-Gray242.png xref: MAT:0000182 xref: MIAA:0000182 xref: TAO:0000565 xref: VHOG:0000305 xref: VSAO:0000155 xref: XAO:0003064 xref: ZFA:0000565 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010719 ! girdle skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001271 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010377 {source="PMID:21455939"} ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 {source="XAO"} ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster by which the hind limbs are supported and attached to the vertebral column.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000426", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that consists of the paired basipterygia which support the pelvic fin.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000565", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Girdle skeleton consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb/fin skeleton and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb/fin and caudal musculature.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000155", ontology="VSAO", source="UBERON:cjm"} property_value: homology_notes "The pelvic girdle is never joined by contributions of dermal bone. From its first appearance in placoderms, the pelvic girdle is exclusively endoskeletal. It arose from pterygiophores, perhaps several times, in support of the fin.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000305", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.333", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007833 name: osseus semicircular canal comment: consider adding FMA:60186 synonym: "osseous semicircular canal" EXACT [Obol:automatic] xref: MA:0000250 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 {notes="checkme"} ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0006585 ! vestibular organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001839 {source="MA"} ! bony labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001840 {source="MA"} ! semicircular canal [Term] id: UBERON:0007834 name: lumbar spinal cord ventral commissure synonym: "lumbar spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1326] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1326 is_a: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002792 intersection_of: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002792 ! lumbar spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007835 name: sacral spinal cord ventral commissure synonym: "sacral spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1528] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1528 is_a: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005843 intersection_of: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0005843 ! sacral spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007836 name: cervical spinal cord ventral commissure synonym: "cervical spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1552] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1552 is_a: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002726 intersection_of: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002726 ! cervical spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007837 name: thoracic spinal cord ventral commissure synonym: "thoracic spinal cord anterior commissure" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1556] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1556 is_a: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003038 intersection_of: UBERON:0004170 ! spinal cord ventral commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0003038 ! thoracic spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007838 name: spinal cord white commissure synonym: "white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77033] xref: FMA:77033 xref: SCTID:423957000 is_a: UBERON:0008882 ! spinal cord commissure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0007840 name: spinal cord dorsal white commissure synonym: "commissura alba posterior medullae spinalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:77034, FMA:TA] synonym: "dorsal white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77034] synonym: "posterior white commissure of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:77034] xref: FMA:77034 xref: SCTID:424400007 is_a: UBERON:0007838 {source="FMA"} ! spinal cord white commissure [Term] id: UBERON:0007841 name: furcula def: "a forked bone found in birds, formed by the fusion of the two clavicles. In birds, its function is the strengthening of the thoracic skeleton to withstand the rigors of flight." [Wikipedia:Furcula] comment: The following theropods have been found to have furculae: dromaeosaurids (including a new North American species of Velociraptor), Oviraptorids, Tyrannosaurids, Troodontids, Coelophysids and Allosauroids. Editor notes: currently assigned to be part of the pectoral girdle, but this may be incorrect if PG is a paired structure synonym: "furcula bone" RELATED [] synonym: "fused clavicle" RELATED [] synonym: "wishbone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Furcula] is_a: UBERON:0007829 ! pectoral girdle bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0008255 property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0008256 property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0011655 [Term] id: UBERON:0007842 name: membrane bone def: "Bone element that arises as a result of direct ossification." [VSAO:0000023] xref: AEO:0000085 xref: EHDAA2:0003085 xref: TAO:0001645 xref: VSAO:0000023 xref: XAO:0004014 xref: ZFA:0001636 is_a: UBERON:0001474 {source="VSAO"} ! bone property_value: external_definition "Bone element that arises as a result of intramembranous ossification.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000023", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: external_definition "Intramembranous bone that forms deep in the organism.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001645", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007843 name: uncinate process of ribs def: "A posterior projection from proximal rib segments. Offers attachment to muscles supporting the scapula[Kardong]." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Uncinate_processes_of_ribs] comment: WP: Although bony uncinate processes are unique to birds, cartilaginous uncinate processes are present in crocodiles. The uncinate process has also been reported in Sphenodon, Caudipteryx, oviraptorids, Confuciusornis and Chaoyangia however it does not occur in Archaeopteryx synonym: "uncinate process" BROAD INCONSISTENT [AAO:0000741] xref: AAO:0000741 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0005175 ! chest organ disjoint_from: UBERON:0010372 ! uncinate process of ethmoid disjoint_from: UBERON:0010373 ! uncinate process of pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0010388 {source="Kardong"} ! proximal segment of rib property_value: external_definition "Posteriorly directed process (occasionally directed anteriorly) usually associated with the rib (sometimes with the transverse process) of the third vertebra; they provide the origin of the mm serratus superior, medius, and inferior.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000741", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Pugener_2002"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007844 name: cartilaginous element def: "Skeletal element that is composed of cartilage tissue and may be permanent or transient." [VSAO:curator] comment: AO notes: TAO still mixes tissue and element subset: organ_slim synonym: "cartilage" RELATED [VSAO:0000000] synonym: "cartilage element" EXACT [] synonym: "cartilage organ" EXACT [FMA:55107] synonym: "chondrogenic element" EXACT [VSAO:0000000] xref: AAO:0011130 xref: FMA:55107 xref: VSAO:0000000 xref: XAO:0004013 xref: ZFA:0001501 is_a: UBERON:0004765 {source="VSAO"} ! skeletal element relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005863 {source="VSAO"} ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: has_part UBERON:0002418 {source="VSAO"} ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0007845 name: regular connective tissue def: "Connective tissue, which consists of fibroblasts, the intercellular matrix of which contains a regular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: bone (tissue), cartilage (tissue), dense regular connective tissue." [FMA:20103] comment: Editor notes: the connective tissue hierarchy largely follows FMA with definitions from VSAO. Note that in FMA, loose-CT is irregular-CT. This means regular-CT is necessarily equivalent to dense-regular-CT (assuming a JEPD classification). xref: FMA:20103 is_a: UBERON:0002384 {source="FMA"} ! connective tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0011821 ! irregular connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0007846 name: dense regular connective tissue def: "Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts)[VSAO]" [VSAO:0000050, Wikipedia:Dense_regular_connective_tissue] synonym: "dense fibrous connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:64781] synonym: "dense regular collagenous connective tissue" EXACT [FMA:64781] synonym: "dense regular collagenous tissue" EXACT [FMA:64781] synonym: "regular dense connective tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "typus regularis (textus connectivus collagenosus compactus)" EXACT [FMA:64781] xref: FMA:64781 xref: ncithesaurus:Regular_Dense_Connective_Tissue xref: SCTID:22560007 xref: VSAO:0000050 xref: XAO:0004030 is_a: UBERON:0007845 {source="FMA"} ! regular connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0011823 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! dense connective tissue property_value: external_definition "Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts).[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000050", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034", source="PSPUB:0000170"} property_value: external_definition "Regular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which consists predominantly of collagen fiber bundles arranged in parallel arrays.[FMA]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-29", external_class="FMA:64781", ontology="FMA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007862 name: perichordal tissue def: "Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the notochord; includes a layer of elastin." [VSAO:curator] comment: Derived from cells surrounding the notochord (possibly the slerotome). Disparate from (not derived from) notochord. synonym: "notochord" RELATED [VSAO:curator] synonym: "perichordal connective tissue" EXACT [ZFA:0001633] synonym: "perichordal sheath" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "perichordal sheath tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "perichordal tube" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] xref: AAO:0000737 xref: AAO:0010446 xref: TAO:0001642 xref: VSAO:0000054 xref: XAO:0004050 xref: ZFA:0001633 is_a: UBERON:0002384 {source="VSAO"} ! connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 {source="Kardong"} ! sclerotome relationship: surrounds UBERON:0002328 {source="VSAO-modified"} ! notochord property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: part_of notochord (VSAO:0000032) CHANGED TO: surrounds notochord (UBERON:0002328)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000054", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: external_definition "Portion of connective tissue which surrounds the notochord.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001642", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0007914 name: head or neck bone xref: MA:0000569 is_a: UBERON:0001474 {source="MA"} ! bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 {source="MA"} ! craniocervical region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region [Term] id: UBERON:0007958 name: central carpal bone def: "A small bone occasionally found at the dorsal aspect of the wrist between the scaphoid, capitate, and trapezoid; it is developed as an independent cartilage in early foetal life but usually becomes fused with the scaphoid; it occurs normally in most monkeys." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=63518] comment: axioms for VSAO:0005042 synonym: "central bone" BROAD [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=63518] synonym: "central carpals" EXACT [VSAO:0005042] synonym: "centrale" RELATED [MA:0001344] synonym: "os carpi centrale" RELATED [http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8251/1/8251.pdf] synonym: "os centrale" EXACT [VSAO:0005042] synonym: "os centrale" RELATED [] synonym: "os centrale carpi" RELATED [] xref: FMA:77232 xref: MA:0001344 xref: SCTID:26987000 is_a: UBERON:0001435 {source="MA"} ! carpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0007959 name: falciform carpal bone comment: todo - check relationship to radial sesamoid synonym: "os falciform" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "os falciforme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: MA:0001345 is_a: UBERON:0001435 {source="MA"} ! carpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0007960 name: scapholunate def: "The combined scaphoid and lunate bones." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Taxon notes: present in mouse[based on MA], carnivora[Websters] and macropods[WP] synonym: "intermedioradial carpal bone" RELATED [MA:0001346] synonym: "scapholunate bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "scapholunatum" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] xref: MA:0001346 is_a: UBERON:0001480 {source="MA"} ! proximal carpal bone property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0001427 property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0001428 [Term] id: UBERON:0007990 name: proximal sesamoid bone of pes synonym: "proximal sesamoid bone of foot" EXACT [MA:0001376] xref: MA:0001376 is_a: UBERON:0004248 {source="MA"} ! pedal digit bone is_a: UBERON:0008000 ! sesamoid bone of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0007991 name: proximal sesamoid bone of manus synonym: "proximal sesamoid bone of hand" EXACT [MA:0001377] xref: MA:0001377 is_a: UBERON:0004249 {source="MA"} ! manual digit bone is_a: UBERON:0007997 ! sesamoid bone of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0007993 name: ulnar sesamoid bone synonym: "ulnar sesamoid" EXACT [] xref: MA:0001379 is_a: UBERON:0001479 {source="MA"} ! sesamoid bone is_a: UBERON:0003466 {source="MA"} ! lower arm bone is_a: UBERON:0011141 ! appendicular ossicle [Term] id: UBERON:0007997 name: sesamoid bone of manus synonym: "sesamoid bone of hand" EXACT [FMA:42353] xref: FMA:42353 xref: SCTID:368448000 is_a: UBERON:0001479 {source="FMA"} ! sesamoid bone is_a: UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone is_a: UBERON:0011141 ! appendicular ossicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0001479 ! sesamoid bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0008000 name: sesamoid bone of pes synonym: "sesamoid bone of foot" EXACT [FMA:45096] xref: FMA:45096 xref: SCTID:244675002 is_a: UBERON:0001479 {source="FMA"} ! sesamoid bone is_a: UBERON:0005899 ! pes bone is_a: UBERON:0011141 ! appendicular ossicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0001479 ! sesamoid bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 {source="FMA"} ! skeleton of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0008001 name: irregular bone def: "The irregular bones are bones which, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long bone, short bone, flat bone or sesamoid bone. Irregular bones serve various purposes in the body, such as protection of nervous tissue, affording multiple anchor points for skeletal muscle attachment (as with the sacrum), and maintaining pharynx and trachea support, and tongue attachment (such as the hyoid bone). They consist of cancellous tissue enclosed within a thin layer of compact bone. The irregular bones are: the vertebrC&, sacrum, coccyx, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, mandible, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and hyoid." [Wikipedia:Irregular_bone] synonym: "os irregulare" EXACT [] synonym: "os irregulare" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Irregular_bone] xref: FMA:7477 xref: ncithesaurus:Irregular_Bone xref: SCTID:421560006 is_a: UBERON:0001474 {source="FMA"} ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0008114 name: joint of girdle subset: grouping_class synonym: "girdle joint" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: MA:0001505 is_a: UBERON:0000982 {source="MA"} ! skeletal joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0007823 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region relationship: connects UBERON:0007828 ! girdle bone/zone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region [Term] id: UBERON:0008115 name: surface of cartilage synonym: "cartilage surface" EXACT [FMA:76668] xref: FMA:76668 is_a: UBERON:0006984 ! anatomical surface [Term] id: UBERON:0008124 name: joint articular surface comment: note that FMA has multiple "Articular surface of X" classes, with no way to group them xref: MA:0001518 is_a: UBERON:0008115 ! surface of cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0002217 {source="MA"} ! synovial joint [Term] id: UBERON:0008187 name: hypertrophic cartilage zone comment: see also VSAO:0000098 xref: MA:0002849 is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004763 {source="MA"} ! endochondral bone tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0008188 name: tendon of biceps brachii synonym: "biceps brachii tendon" EXACT [FMA:38152] xref: EMAPA:25053 xref: FMA:38152 xref: SCTID:361886007 is_a: UBERON:0000043 {source="FMA"} ! tendon relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001507 intersection_of: UBERON:0000043 ! tendon intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001507 ! biceps brachii relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001507 ! biceps brachii [Term] id: UBERON:0008192 name: tendon of triceps brachii synonym: "triceps brachii tendon" EXACT [FMA:38380] synonym: "triceps tendon" EXACT [] xref: FMA:38380 xref: SCTID:245105007 is_a: UBERON:0000043 {source="FMA"} ! tendon relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001509 intersection_of: UBERON:0000043 ! tendon intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001509 ! triceps brachii relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001509 ! triceps brachii [Term] id: UBERON:0008193 name: pneumatized bone def: "a bone that is hollow or contains many air cells, such as the mastoid process of the temporal bone[TMD]. Skeletal pneumaticity is the presence of air spaces within bones. Skeletal pneumaticity exists only in synapsids and archosaurs. It is generally produced during development by excavation of bone by pneumatic diverticula (air sacs) from an air-filled space such as the lungs or nasal cavity. Pneumatization is highly variable between individuals, and bones not normally pneumatized can become pneumatized in pathological development. Pneumatization occurs in the skulls of mammals, crocodilians and birds among extant groups, as well as extinct archosaurs including the dinosaurs and pterosaurs. Pneumatic spaces include the paranasal sinuses and some of the mastoid cells[WP]." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=11303, Wikipedia:Skeletal_pneumaticity] comment: editor note: subclasses of this should be checked for taxonomic consistency synonym: "hollow bone" RELATED [] synonym: "os pneumaticum" EXACT [FMA:7478] synonym: "pneumatic bone" EXACT [FMA:7478] xref: FMA:7478 xref: galen:PneumaticBone xref: SCTID:333008005 is_a: UBERON:0008001 {source="FMA"} ! irregular bone relationship: has_part UBERON:0010528 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0010528 ! pneumatic cavity of bone relationship: has_part UBERON:0010528 ! pneumatic cavity of bone [Term] id: UBERON:0008194 name: tibiotarsus def: "The tibiotarsus is the large bone between the femur and the tarsometatarsus in the leg of a bird. It is the fusion of the proximal part of the tarsus with the tibia. A similar structure also occurred in the Mesozoic Heterodontosauridae. These small ornithischian dinosaurs were unrelated to birds and the similarity of their pes bones is best explained by convergent evolution." [Wikipedia:Tibiotarsus] is_a: UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010902 ! tibiotarsus cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0000979 property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0001447 [Term] id: UBERON:0008195 name: tarsometatarsus def: "The tarsometatarsus is a bone that is found in the lower leg of certain tetrapods, namely birds. It is formed from the fusion of several bones found in other types of animals, and homologous to the mammalian tarsal (ankle) and metatarsal (pes) bones. Despite this, the tarsometatarsus of birds is often referred to as just the tarsus or metatarsus." [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsus] comment: Taxon notes: found in birds[VSAO] is_a: UBERON:0005899 ! pes bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010900 ! tarsometatarsus cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0001448 property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0009879 [Term] id: UBERON:0008196 name: muscle of pectoral girdle synonym: "muscle of shoulder girdle" EXACT [FMA:37347] synonym: "pectoral girdle muscle" EXACT [FMA:37347] xref: FMA:37347 is_a: UBERON:0010891 ! pectoral complex muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004471 ! musculature of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0008198 name: nail plate def: "The nail plate is the hard and translucent portion of the nail, composed of keratin." [https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/20, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3307500&group_id=36855&atid=440764, Wikipedia:Nail_plate] comment: AO Notes: in FMA, the nail is the nail plate synonym: "lamina unguis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nail_plate] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Fingernail_label.jpg xref: MA:0002708 xref: ncithesaurus:Nail_Plate xref: SCTID:372177002 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 {source="MA"} ! nail [Term] id: UBERON:0008199 name: chin def: "Surface structure that is the anteriormost part of the lower jaw region. In humans, the chin is the lowermost part of the face. It is formed by the lower front of the mandible. People show a wide variety of chin structures. See Cleft chin. The chin developed as a point of muscular attachment facilitating minute movements of the lips associated with speech. In human evolution, the chin is a cladistic apomorphy, partially defining anatomically modern Humans as distinct from archaic forms." [TAO:0002254, Wikipedia:Chin] synonym: "chins" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chin] synonym: "mental part of face" EXACT [FMA:46495] synonym: "mental region" EXACT [FMA:46495] synonym: "mental region of face" EXACT [FMA:46495] synonym: "mentum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Chin] synonym: "regio mentalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:46495, FMA:TA] xref: FMA:46495 xref: GAID:67 xref: galen:Chin xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray1195.png xref: MESH:A.01.456.505.259 xref: SCTID:362632004 xref: TAO:0002254 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 {source="MESH"} ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 {source="FMA"} ! lower jaw region property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is the anteriormost region of the lower jaw.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002254", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008200 name: forehead def: "The part of the face above the eyes[MESH]. In human anatomy, the forehead is the fore part of the head. It is, formally, an area of the head bounded by three features, two of the skull and one of the scalp. The top of the forehead is marked by the hairline, the edge of the area where hair on the scalp grows. The bottom of the forehead is marked by the supraorbital ridge, the bone feature of the skull above the eyes. The two sides of the forehead are marked by the temporal ridge, a bone feature that links the supraorbital ridge to the coronal suture line and beyond[WP]." [MESH:A.01.456.505.580, Wikipedia:Forehead] synonym: "fore head" RELATED [Wikipedia:Forehead] synonym: "sinciput" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Forehead] xref: FMA:63864 xref: GAID:74 xref: galen:Forehead xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Forhead_01_ies.jpg xref: MESH:A.01.456.505.580 xref: ncithesaurus:Forehead xref: SCTID:362614004 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 {source="FMA"} ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0008201 name: scute def: "A bony external plate or scale, as on the shell of a turtle, the skin of crocodilians, the feet of some birds. Scutes are similar to scales and serve the same function. Unlike the scales of fish and snakes, which are formed from the epidermis, scutes are formed in the lower vascular layer of the skin and the epidermal element is only the top surface. Forming in the living dermis, the scutes produce a horny outer layer, that is superficially similar to that of scales. Scutes will usually not overlap as snake scales (but see the pangolin). The outer keratin layer is shed piecemeal, and not in one continuous layer of skin as seen in snakes or lizards. The dermal base may contain bone and produce dermal armour. Scutes with a bony base are properly called osteoderms. Dermal scutes are also found in the feet of birds and tails of some mammals, and are believed to be the primitive form of dermal armour in reptiles. The term is also used to describe the heavy armour of the armadillo and the extinct glyptodon, and is occasionally used as an alternative to scales in describing snakes or certain fishes, such as sturgeons[WP]." [Wikipedia:Scute] synonym: "scuta" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Scute] synonym: "scutae" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Scute] synonym: "scutum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Scute] is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure [Term] id: UBERON:0008202 name: bone of hip region comment: in MA, this includes the femur. i.e. pelvic girdle bone or femur; note that this makes the ilium etc in MA hindlimb bones. in MA this is a hindlimb bone xref: MA:0000655 xref: SCTID:304907005 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001464 {source="MA"} ! hip [Term] id: UBERON:0008203 name: pelvic cavity def: "The pelvic cavity is a body cavity that is bounded by the bones of the pelvis and which primarily contains reproductive organs, the urinary bladder, and the rectum. The pelvis is a marvel of physiology and is deceptively complex. It contains the lower urinary tract, reproductive system, lower digestive tract, major arteries and veins, muscle systems, nerve systems and bone systems. They all have to work together in a little crowded \"house\". It can be affected by many different diseases and by many drugs in many different ways. One part may impact upon another, for example constipation may overload the rectum and compress the urinary bladder, or childbirth might damage the pudendal nerves and later lead to anal weakness." [Wikipedia:Pelvic_cavity] synonym: "cavitas pelvis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pelvic_cavity] synonym: "space of pelvic compartment" EXACT [FMA:9738] xref: FMA:9738 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Scheme_body_cavities-en.svg xref: SCTID:281903009 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002355 {source="FMA"} ! pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0003684 {source="FMA"} ! abdominal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0008229 name: craniocervical region musculature synonym: "head or neck muscle" EXACT [MA:0000571] synonym: "head or neck muscle" RELATED [MA:0000571] xref: MA:0000571 is_a: UBERON:0001015 {source="MA"} ! musculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 {source="MA"} ! craniocervical region [Term] id: UBERON:0008230 name: tibialis def: "Either of two muscles of the calf of the leg." [Fast_Health_Medical_Dictionary:http://www.fasthealth.com/dictionary/] synonym: "tibialis muscle" EXACT [MA:0002425] xref: BTO:0000864 xref: MA:0002425 xref: ncithesaurus:Tibialis is_a: UBERON:0000366 {source="BTO"} ! flexor muscle is_a: UBERON:0004256 ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0008231 name: dorsal thoracic segment of trunk def: "Subdivision of thorax, which in humans is the posterior part of the thorax and is demarcated from the chest by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage and the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column; together with the chest, it constitutes the thorax." [FMA:24217] synonym: "back of thorax" RELATED [FMA:24217] synonym: "dorsum of thorax" EXACT [FMA:24217] synonym: "posterior part of thorax" EXACT [FMA:24217] synonym: "thoracic back" EXACT [FMA:24217] synonym: "thoracic part of back" EXACT [FMA:24217] synonym: "upper back" EXACT [MA:0000028] xref: FMA:24217 xref: MA:0000028 xref: SCTID:362666008 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 {source="MA"} ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0011270 {source="FMA"} ! dorsal trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0008242 name: lower back muscle xref: MA:0000502 xref: SCTID:317178000 is_a: UBERON:0002324 ! muscle of back is_a: UBERON:0003833 {source="MA"} ! abdominal segment muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 intersection_of: UBERON:0002324 ! muscle of back intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 {source="MA"} ! lower back relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back [Term] id: UBERON:0008243 name: upper back muscle xref: MA:0000508 xref: SCTID:305071003 is_a: UBERON:0002324 ! muscle of back is_a: UBERON:0003830 {source="MA"} ! thoracic segment muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 intersection_of: UBERON:0002324 ! muscle of back intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 {source="MA"} ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0008245 name: pennate muscle def: "A pennate muscle (also called a penniform muscle) is a muscle with fascicles that attach obliquely (in a slanting position) to its tendon. These types of muscles generally allow better stabilization and force production but less flexibility. Individual muscle fibers are formed into bundles of fasciculi and these bundles of fasciculi are formed into bundles of fascicles which compose the entire muscle itself. In a pennate muscle, the fascicles will form an angle with its central tendon. If all the fascicles are on the same side of the tendon, the pennate muscle is called unipennate. Examples of this include certain muscles in the manus. If there are fascicles on both sides of the central tendon, the pennate muscle is called bipennate. The rectus femoris, a large muscle in the quadriceps, is typical. If the central tendon branches within a pennate muscle, the muscle is called multipennate, as seen in the deltoid muscle in the shoulder." [Wikipedia:Pennate_muscle] comment: note the FMA class does not denote a muscle organ. todo: add child classes xref: FMA:74993 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Rectus_femoris.png xref: Wikipedia:Pennate_muscle is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002463 {source="dbpedia"} ! hamstring muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001267 {source="dbpedia"} ! femoral nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001269 {notes="anterior inferior iliac spine and the exterior surface of the bony ridge which forms the iliac portion of the acetabulum", source="dbpedia"} ! acetabular part of hip bone [Term] id: UBERON:0008246 name: pyloric stomach def: "The mouth of a starfish is located on the underside of the body, and opens through a short esophagus into firstly a cardiac stomach, and then, a second, pyloric stomach. Each arm also contains two pyloric caeca, long hollow tubes branching outwards from the pyloric stomach. Each pyloric caecum is lined by a series of digestive glands, which secrete digestive enzymes and absorb nutrients from the food. A short intestine runs from the upper surface of the pyloric stomach to open at an anus in the center of the upper body" [Wikipedia:Starfish] subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0002121 xref: SCTID:280119005 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system [Term] id: UBERON:0008247 name: tube foot def: "One of the numerous external, fluid-filled muscular tubes of echinoderms, such as the starfish or sea urchin, serving as organs of locomotion, food handling, and respiration[BTO]. Tube feet consist of two parts: ampulla and podia. Ampulla contain both circular muscles and longitudinal muscle, whereas the podia contain the latter only. Thus the podia use suction to attach to the substratum[WP]." [BTO:0001919, Wikipedia:Tube_feet] synonym: "tube feet" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Tube_feet] xref: BTO:0001919 is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0008248 name: pyloric cecum def: "The pyloric ceca (or digestive glands) and the cardiac stomach produce digestive enzymes in starfishes. Digested material is absorbed through the pyloric ceca for transport to the rest of the body. Each pyloric cecum extends the length of each arm." [BTO:0002120] synonym: "pyloric caecum" EXACT [BTO:0002120] xref: BTO:0002120 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system [Term] id: UBERON:0008250 name: cardiac stomach def: "In starfishes the cardiac stomach is connected to a pyloric stomach which is located above it. Food can be brought into the stomach through the mouth or, in many species, the cardiac stomach can be extended out through the mouth to digest food outside the body. Suspension-feeding starfish use their tube feet to pass food to the mouth." [BTO:0002122] subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0002122 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0008251 name: water vascular system def: "The water vascular system is a hydraulic system used by echinoderms, such as sea stars and sea urchins, for locomotion, food and waste transportation, and respiration.[1] The system is composed of canals connecting numerous tube feet. Echinoderms move by alternately contracting muscles that force water into the tube feet, causing them to extend and push against the ground, then relaxing to allow the feet to retract.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Water_vascular_system] xref: BTO:0002125 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system [Term] id: UBERON:0008252 name: tube foot ampulla def: "The constant contraction of ampulla (to extend and retract the tube feet) helps to move a starfish. The ampullae are teeth like structures surrounding the radial canal." [BTO:0002124] xref: BTO:0002124 is_a: UBERON:0003913 ! tooth-like structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0008247 ! tube foot relationship: part_of UBERON:0008251 {source="BTO"} ! water vascular system [Term] id: UBERON:0008253 name: Aristotle's lantern def: "Within the mouth of a sea urchin is an elaborate five-sided jaw structure called Aristotles lantern that can be partially extruded from the mouth. It is able to grind up calcareous exoskeletons of plants and animals." [BTO:0001923, Wikipedia:Aristotle's_lantern] synonym: "Aristotles lantern" EXACT [BTO:0001923] xref: BTO:0001923 xref: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/resources/biodidac/echino001B.gif/medium.jpg is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 {source="BTO"} ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0008254 name: styliform cartilage def: "shaft of skeletal tissue that articulates with the lateral border of the carpus." [ISBN-10:0226313379] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0001429 {comment="checkme"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008255 name: right clavicle xref: FMA:13322 is_a: UBERON:0001105 {source="FMA"} ! clavicle relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0008256 name: left clavicle xref: FMA:13323 is_a: UBERON:0001105 {source="FMA"} ! clavicle relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0008257 name: radial sesamoid def: "In the giant panda, a large digitlike preaxial element that articulates with the scapholunatum and the medial border of the first metacarpal." [ISBN-10:0226313379] synonym: "os sesamoideum radiale" EXACT [ISBN-10:0226313379] is_a: UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone is_a: UBERON:0007997 ! sesamoid bone of manus relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0007960 ! scapholunate relationship: part_of UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0008258 name: oral surface synonym: "actinal side" EXACT [] synonym: "actinal surface" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0008259 name: aboral surface synonym: "abactinal side" EXACT [] synonym: "abactinal surface" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0008260 name: spine appendage def: "a hard, thorny or needle-like structure which occurs on various animals. Animals such as porcupines and sea urchins grow spines as a self-defense mechanism. Spines are often formed of keratin. Other animals with spines are hedgehogs, spiny mice and at least two ornithischian dinosaurs." [Wikipedia:Spine_(zoology)] synonym: "spine" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0008261 name: pedicellaria def: "a small wrench or claw-shaped structure commonly found on Echinoderms, particularly in sea stars (class Asteroidea) and sea urchins (class Echinoidea). Pedicellariae are poorly understood but in some taxa, they are thought to keep the body surface clear of algae, encrusting organisms, and other debris in conjunction with the ciliated epidermis present in all echinoderms. Pedicellariae in some taxa, such as the deep-sea Brisingida, and the Antarctic Labidiaster are known to function in food capture. In forcipulate sea stars, each pedicellaria is typically composed three forceps-like valves. Other asteroids can have pedicellariae composed of only two components. In some asteroid sea stars pedicellariae are present around the base of a spine or on the surface of the animal's body. In other sea stars, they are present in pits on the abactinal, marginal, or actinal surface; oftentimes on the adambulacral plate adjacent to the tube foot furrow." [Wikipedia:Pedicellaria] synonym: "pedicellariae" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Pedicellaria] is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0008262 name: ambulacral area is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0008263 name: inter-ambulacral area is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0008264 name: echinopluteus larval stage def: "Larval stage in echinoderms characterized by a planktonic and feeding larval form that possesses limb-like outgrowths bearing ciliated bands." [http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-echinopluteuslarva.html] synonym: "pluteus larval stage" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage [Term] id: UBERON:0008265 name: echinopluteus larva def: "A planktonic and feeding larval form that possesses limb-like outgrowths bearing ciliated bands." [http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-echinopluteuslarva.html] synonym: "pluteus larva" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002548 ! larva relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0008264 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0008264 ! echinopluteus larval stage relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0008264 ! echinopluteus larval stage [Term] id: UBERON:0008266 name: periodontal ligament def: "The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the root of a tooth, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone. It extends from the base of the gingival mucosa to the fundus of the bony socket, and its main function is to hold the tooth in its socket[BTO]. It consist of cells, extracellular compartment of fibers. The cells are fibroblast, epithelial, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, bone and cementum cells. The extracellular compartment consists of collagen fibers bundles embedded in ground substance. The PDL substance has been estimated to be 70% water and is thought to have a significant effect on the tooth's ability to withstand stress loads[WP]." [BTO:0001020, https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/21, Wikipedia:Periodontal_fiber] comment: note FMA treats periodontium and periodontal ligament as the same synonym: "alveolar periosteum" RELATED [BTO:0001020] synonym: "alveolodental ligament" RELATED [BTO:0001020] synonym: "alveolodental membrane" RELATED [BTO:0001020] synonym: "desmodontium" RELATED [BTO:0001020] synonym: "fibra periodontalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Periodontal_ligament] synonym: "odontoperiosteum" RELATED [BTO:0001020] synonym: "paradentium" RELATED [BTO:0001020] synonym: "PDL" RELATED [Wikipedia:Periodontal_ligament] synonym: "peridental membrane" RELATED [BTO:0001020] synonym: "peridontal ligament" RELATED [] synonym: "peridontal membrane" RELATED [BTO:0001020] synonym: "peridontium" RELATED [BTO:0001020] synonym: "periodontal fiber" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Periodontal_ligament] synonym: "periodontal fibre" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Periodontal_ligament] xref: BTO:0001020 xref: GAID:1259 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/The_Periodontium.jpg xref: MA:0002467 xref: SCTID:245775004 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008846 {source="FMA-moved"} ! skeletal ligament is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001758 intersection_of: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001758 ! periodontium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002", is_entailed="true"} ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008969 {source="Wikipedia:Dental_follicle", source="PMID:19767574"} ! dental follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001758 {source="BTO"} ! periodontium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001758 ! periodontium [Term] id: UBERON:0008267 name: left supracardinal vein def: "The left thoracic supracardinal vein loses its connection with the left posterior cardinal veins and left sinus horn and subsequently drains into the right supracardinal system." [ISBN-10:0443065837] xref: SCTID:361449001 is_a: UBERON:0006300 ! supracardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0008268 name: right supracardinal vein def: "The right supracardinal vein loses its connection with the posterior cardinal vein and makes a new anastomosis with the segments of the superior vena cava derived from the anterior cardinal vein, becoming the azygos vein." [ISBN-10:0443065837] xref: EHDAA2:0004539 xref: SCTID:361450001 is_a: UBERON:0006300 ! supracardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0008269 name: nacre def: "an organic-inorganic composite material produced by some mollusks as an inner shell layer; it is also what makes up pearls. It is very strong, resilient, and iridescent. Nacre is found in some ancient lineages of bivalve gastropod and cephalopod. The inner layer in the great majority of mollusk shells is porcellaneous, not nacreous, frequently resulting in a non-iridescent shine or less commonly in non-nacreous iridescence such as flame structure (e.g. conch pearl). Pearls and the inside layer of pearl oyster and freshwater pearl mussel shells are made of nacre. Many other families of mollusk also have a nacreous inner shell layer, including marine gastropods such as the Haliotidae, the Trochidae and the Turbinidae. Nacre is composed of hexagonal platelets of aragonite (a form of calcium carbonate) 10-20 µm wide and 0.5 µm thick arranged in a continuous parallel lamina. These layers are separated by sheets of organic matrix composed of elastic biopolymers (such as chitin, lustrin and silk-like proteins)[WP]." [Wikipedia:Nacre] synonym: "mother of pearl" EXACT [Wikipedia:Nacre] is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance is_a: UBERON:0004755 ! skeletal tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0008270 name: mollusc shell def: "a calcareous exoskeleton which encloses, supports and protects the soft parts of an animal in the phylum Mollusca, which includes snails, clams, tusk shells, and several other classes. Not all shelled molluscs live in the sea, many live on the land and in freshwater." [Wikipedia:Mollusc_shell] is_a: UBERON:0006612 ! shell [Term] id: UBERON:0008271 name: turtle shell def: "a highly complicated shield for the ventral and dorsal parts of the turtle, completely enclosing all the vital organs of the turtle and in some cases even the head. It is constructed of modified bony elements such as the ribs, parts of the pelvis and other bones found in most reptiles. The bone of the shell consists of both skeletal and dermal bone, showing that the complete enclosure of the shell probably evolved by including dermal armor into the rib cage.[WP]." [Wikipedia:Turtle_shell#Shell] is_a: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system is_a: UBERON:0006612 ! shell [Term] id: UBERON:0008274 name: mollusc venom def: "Venoms from mollusks, including the Conus and Octopus species. The venoms contain proteins, enzymes, choline derivatives, slow-reacting substances, and several characterized polypeptide toxins that affect the nervous system. Mollusk venoms include cephalotoxin, venerup in, maculotoxin, surugatoxin, conotoxins, and murexine." [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.590] synonym: "conus venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.590] synonym: "mollusc venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.590] synonym: "mollusk venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.590] synonym: "octopus venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.590] synonym: "snail venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.590] xref: MESH:D.24.185.926.580.590 is_a: UBERON:0007113 {source="MESH"} ! venom [Term] id: UBERON:0008275 name: carapace def: "Dorsal subdivision of turtle shell, consisting of the animal's ribcage combined with dermal bone[WP, modified]." [Wikipedia:Carapace#Turtles_and_tortoises] comment: note BTO class is more general xref: BTO:0001701 is_a: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0008271 ! turtle shell [Term] id: UBERON:0008276 name: plastron def: "A composite bony plate forming the floor of the shell of a turtle consisting of fused dermal elements, including contributions from the clavicles (epiplastrons) and interclavice (epiplastron)." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Turtle_shell#Plastron] comment: note BTO class is more general xref: BTO:0001701 xref: SCTID:64243001 is_a: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0008271 ! turtle shell [Term] id: UBERON:0008277 name: cnida synonym: "cnidae" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0000470 ! cell part [Term] id: UBERON:0008278 name: nematocyst def: "One of the stinging organelles of coelenterates used in catching prey." [BTO:0000918] xref: BTO:0000918 is_a: UBERON:0008277 ! cnida [Term] id: UBERON:0008279 name: spirocyst is_a: UBERON:0008277 ! cnida [Term] id: UBERON:0008280 name: cnidarian venom def: "Venoms from jellyfish, corals, SEA ANEMONES, etc. They contain hemo-, cardio-, dermo- , and neurotoxic substances and probably ENZYMES. They include palytoxin, sarcophine, and anthopleurine." [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.230] synonym: "chironex venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.230] synonym: "cnidarian venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.230] synonym: "jellyfish venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.230] synonym: "portuguese man of war venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.230] synonym: "portuguese man-of-war venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.230] synonym: "sea anemone venom" RELATED [MESH:D.24.185.926.580.230] xref: MESH:D.24.185.926.580.230 is_a: UBERON:0007113 {source="MESH"} ! venom [Term] id: UBERON:0008281 name: tooth bud def: "A knoblike tooth primordium developing into an enamel organ surrounded by a dental sac and encasing the odontogenic papilla." [BTO:0001838] synonym: "tooth germ" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tooth_development] xref: BTO:0001838 xref: MESH:A.14.254.900.720 xref: ncithesaurus:Tooth_Bud xref: SCTID:53301001 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0007499 ! epithelial sac is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005087 ! tooth placode [Term] id: UBERON:0008283 name: columnella def: "a central anatomical feature of a coiled snail shell or gastropod shell. It is often only clearly visible as a structure when the shell is broken, or sliced in half vertically, or in an X-ray." [Wikipedia:Columella_(gastropod)] is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision disjoint_from: UBERON:0008341 ! columella nasi relationship: part_of UBERON:0008270 ! mollusc shell [Term] id: UBERON:0008284 name: columnella muscle def: "The muscle of the central column or axis of a spiral univalve shell." [BTO:0000277, Wikipedia:Columella_(gastropod)#Columellar_muscles] synonym: "columella muscle" RELATED [BTO:0000277] xref: BTO:0000277 is_a: UBERON:0004253 ! skin muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0008283 ! columnella [Term] id: UBERON:0008285 name: rumen epithelium def: "The rumen epithelium is the tissue which lines the largest of the four fore stomachs in the ruminant animal -cows and sheep. Rumen epithelial cells are important because they are responsible for the absorption of nutrients from the rumen into the blood." [BTO:0001195, PMID:10764086] xref: BTO:0001195 is_a: UBERON:0010040 {source="cjm"} ! stomach non-glandular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007365 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007365 ! rumen relationship: part_of UBERON:0007365 ! rumen [Term] id: UBERON:0008286 name: feather calamus def: "The hollow basal portion of a feather below the vane[BTO]. At the base of the feather, the rachis expands to form the hollow tubular calamus (or quill) which inserts into a follicle in the skin. The basal part of the calamus is without vanes. This part is embedded within the skin follicle and has an opening at the base (proximal umbilicus) and a small opening on the side (distal umbilicus)[WP]." [BTO:0001608] synonym: "calamus" BROAD [] synonym: "feather quill" RELATED [BTO:0001608] xref: BTO:0001608 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0011783 ! feather follicle placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather [Term] id: UBERON:0008287 name: feather vane is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0008292 ! vaned feather [Term] id: UBERON:0008288 name: feather rachis synonym: "rachis" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft [Term] id: UBERON:0008290 name: afterfeather is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather [Term] id: UBERON:0008291 name: down feather def: "A feather lacking a vane and having a rudimentary rachis and a tuft of non-interlocked barbs with elongated barbules extending from the calamus" [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm, Wikipedia:Down_feather] comment: lacks vane synonym: "downy feather" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "plumaceous feather" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "plumulaceous feather" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] is_a: UBERON:0000022 ! feather disjoint_from: UBERON:0008292 ! vaned feather [Term] id: UBERON:0008292 name: vaned feather is_a: UBERON:0000022 ! feather relationship: has_part UBERON:0008287 intersection_of: UBERON:0000022 ! feather intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0008287 ! feather vane relationship: has_part UBERON:0008287 ! feather vane [Term] id: UBERON:0008293 name: filoplume feather synonym: "filoplume" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000022 ! feather [Term] id: UBERON:0008294 name: feather barb def: "One of a series of branches fused to the rachis (stem) of a feather. The barbs themselves also have branches called barbules, which have hooks that lock the barbs together[WP]." [Wikipedia:Barb_(feather)] synonym: "barb" BROAD SENSU [] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: branch_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather [Term] id: UBERON:0008295 name: feather barbule synonym: "barbule" BROAD SENSU [] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: branch_of UBERON:0008294 ! feather barb relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather [Term] id: UBERON:0008296 name: femoral muscle def: "Origin: anterior and lateral surfaces of femur; insertion: patella, common tendon of quadriceps femoris; innervation: femoral; action, extends leg." [BTO:0002542] comment: todo - logical definition synonym: "crureus" RELATED [BTO:0002542] synonym: "intermediate great muscle" RELATED [BTO:0002542] synonym: "intermediate vastus muscle" RELATED [BTO:0002542] synonym: "musculus vastus intermedius" RELATED [BTO:0002542] xref: BTO:0002542 is_a: UBERON:0001383 {source="BTO"} ! muscle of leg [Term] id: UBERON:0008297 name: pennaceous feather def: "Pennaceous feathers are also known as contour feathers. This type of feather is present in most modern birds, and has been shown in some species of maniraptoran dinosaurs. Pennaceous feathers have a central shaft (or rachis) with vanes spreading to either side. These vanes are composed of a high number of flattened barbs, that are connected to one another with barbules. The barbules are tiny strands that criss-cross on the flattened side s of the barbs. This forms a kind of miniature velcro-like mesh that holds all the barbs together, stabilizing the vanes. Flight feathers (remiges and rectrices) are specialized types of pennaceous feathers, adapted for high loadings and often strongly asymmetric for improved flight performance[WP]." [Wikipedia:Pennaceous_feather] synonym: "contour feather" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pennaceous_feather] synonym: "pennaceous" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pennaceous_feather] is_a: UBERON:0008292 ! vaned feather [Term] id: UBERON:0008304 name: inner chondrogenic layer of perichondrium def: "The perichondrium consists of two separate layers: an outer fibrous layer and inner chondrogenic layer. The chondrogenic layer remains undifferentiated and can form chondroblasts or chondrocytes." [Wikipedia:The_Free_Encyclopedia] xref: BTO:0005090 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002222 {source="BTO"} ! perichondrium [Term] id: UBERON:0008305 name: outer fibrous layer of perichondrium def: "The perichondrium consists of two separate layers: an outer fibrous layer and inner chondrogenic layer. The fibrous layer contains fibroblasts, which produce collagenous fibers." [Wikipedia:The_Free_Encyclopedia] xref: BTO:0005091 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002222 {source="BTO"} ! perichondrium [Term] id: UBERON:0008307 name: heart endothelium xref: BTO:0004293 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004852 ! cardiovascular system endothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0008310 name: nasopharyngeal gland subset: organ_slim xref: FMA:55076 xref: SCTID:178973008 is_a: UBERON:0003295 ! pharyngeal gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001728 ! nasopharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0008311 name: penile bulb artery def: "a short vessel of large caliber which arises from the internal pudendal between the two layers of fascia of the urogenital diaphragm; it passes medialward, pierces the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, and gives off branches which ramify in the bulb of the urethra and in the posterior part of the corpus spongiosum. It gives off a small branch to the bulbo-urethral gland." [Wikipedia:Bulbourethral_artery] synonym: "arteria bulbi penis" EXACT [BTO:0005087] synonym: "artery of bulb of penis" EXACT [FMA:20864] synonym: "bulbourethral artery" RELATED [BTO:0005087] xref: BTO:0005087 xref: FMA:20864 xref: SCTID:293338009 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0004803 ! penis epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0007315 {source="FMA"} ! internal pudendal artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 {source="Obol"} ! penis relationship: part_of UBERON:0008320 {source="BTO"} ! common penile artery [Term] id: UBERON:0008320 name: common penile artery def: "The artery that serves blood to the penis. It subdivides into three arteries, the bulbourethral artery, the dorsal artery of the penis and the cavernosal artery." [Wikipedia:Penile_artery] comment: todo - split generic structure from arterial tree synonym: "artery of penis" RELATED [FMA:66318] synonym: "penile artery" RELATED [BTO:0005085] xref: BTO:0005085 xref: FMA:66318 xref: SCTID:282044005 is_a: UBERON:0004573 {source="FMA"} ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0004803 ! penis epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 {source="BTO"} ! penis [Term] id: UBERON:0008321 name: deep artery of penis def: "The deep artery of the penis (artery to the corpus cavernosum), one of the terminal branches of the internal pudendal, arises from that vessel while it is situated between the two fasciC& of the urogenital diaphragm (deep perineal pouch). It pierces the inferior fascia, and, entering the crus penis obliquely, runs forward in the center of the corpus cavernosum penis, to which its branches are distributed." [Wikipedia:Deep_artery_of_the_penis] synonym: "arteria cavernosa penis" RELATED [BTO:0005086] synonym: "arteria profunda penis" EXACT [BTO:0005086] synonym: "arteria profunda penis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deep_artery_of_the_penis] synonym: "cavernosal artery" RELATED [BTO:0005086] synonym: "deep penile artery" EXACT [FMA:19794] xref: BTO:0005086 xref: FMA:19794 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Gray543.png xref: SCTID:244293007 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0004803 ! penis epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0007315 {source="FMA"} ! internal pudendal artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 {source="FMA"} ! penis relationship: part_of UBERON:0008320 {source="BTO"} ! common penile artery [Term] id: UBERON:0008322 name: deep artery of clitoris def: "The deep artery of clitoris is a branch of the internal pudendal artery." [Wikipedia:Deep_artery_of_clitoris] synonym: "arteria profunda clitoridis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deep_artery_of_clitoris] xref: FMA:20870 xref: SCTID:244297008 is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="Obol"} ! artery is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: branch_of UBERON:0007315 {source="FMA"} ! internal pudendal artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 {source="FMA"} ! clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0008323 name: dorsal artery of clitoris xref: FMA:20867 xref: SCTID:244298003 is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="MA"} ! artery is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: branch_of UBERON:0007315 {source="FMA"} ! internal pudendal artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 {source="FMA"} ! clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0008324 name: erectile tissue is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0008330 name: vestibulum vaginae def: "The space posterior to the glans clitoridis and between the labia minora, containing the openings of the vagina, urethra, and ducts of the greater vestibular glands." [BTO:0003145, Wikipedia:Vulval_vestibule] synonym: "vagina opening" RELATED [MP:0001142] synonym: "vaginal introitus" RELATED [BTO:0003145] synonym: "vaginal opening" RELATED [MP:0001142] synonym: "vaginal vestibule" EXACT [FMA:19970] synonym: "vestibule of vagina" EXACT [FMA:19970] synonym: "vestibule of vagina" RELATED [BTO:0003145] synonym: "vestibulum pudendi" RELATED [BTO:0003145] synonym: "vestibulum vaginae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vulval_vestibule] xref: BTO:0003145 xref: FMA:19970 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Scheidenvorhof.jpg xref: SCTID:181446000 is_a: UBERON:0001349 {source="FMA"} ! vestibule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000997 {source="BTO"} ! mammalian vulva relationship: part_of UBERON:0005056 {source="FMA"} ! external female genitalia [Term] id: UBERON:0008331 name: clitoral smooth muscle synonym: "clitoris smooth muscle" RELATED [BTO:0005000] xref: BTO:0005000 is_a: UBERON:0001135 {source="BTO"} ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 ! clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0002411 {source="BTO"} ! clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0008332 name: hilum of neuraxis synonym: "neuraxis hilum" EXACT [FMA:83871] xref: FMA:83871 is_a: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0008333 name: hilum of inferior olivary complex def: "The white core of the inferior olivary nucleus of the medulla oblongata, most prominent medially." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] synonym: "hilum nuclei olivaris caudalis" RELATED [BTO:0002300] synonym: "hilum nuclei olivaris inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "hilum of caudal olivary nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002300] synonym: "hilum of inferior olivary nucleus" EXACT [FMA:72612] synonym: "hilum of inferior olivary nucleus" RELATED [BTO:0002300] synonym: "inferior olivary hilum" EXACT [FMA:72612] synonym: "inferior olive hilum" EXACT [FMA:72612] xref: BTO:0002300 xref: FMA:72612 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter is_a: UBERON:0008332 {source="FMA"} ! hilum of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="FMA"} ! medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0007244 {source="BTO"} ! inferior olivary nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0008334 name: subarachnoid sulcus xref: FMA:75759 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0000315 ! subarachnoid space [Term] id: UBERON:0008335 name: ventrolateral sulcus of medulla oblongata def: "A longitudinal sulcus on the anterior surface of the medulla oblongata, lateral to the pyramid, from which emerge the fibers of the hypoglossal nerve." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] synonym: "anterolateral groove of medulla oblongata" RELATED [BTO:0002777] synonym: "anterolateral sulcus of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83797] synonym: "sulcus anterolateralis medullae oblongatae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "sulcus anterolateralis medullae oblongatae" RELATED [BTO:0002777] synonym: "sulcus ventrolateralis medullae spinalis" RELATED [BTO:0002777] synonym: "ventrolateral fissure of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83797] synonym: "ventrolateral sulcus" EXACT [FMA:83797] synonym: "ventrolateral sulcus of medulla" EXACT [FMA:83797] synonym: "ventrolateral sulcus of spinal cord" RELATED [BTO:0002777] xref: BTO:0002777 xref: FMA:83797 xref: SCTID:279291001 is_a: UBERON:0008334 {source="FMA"} ! subarachnoid sulcus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="BTO"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0008337 name: inguinal part of abdomen def: "The external junctural region between the lower part of the abdomen and the thigh." [MESH:A.01.047.365] comment: galen treats inguinal region and groin as distinct synonym: "groin" EXACT [FMA:24040] synonym: "iliac fossa viewed surgically" EXACT [FMA:24040] synonym: "iliac region" EXACT [FMA:24040] synonym: "iliac region" RELATED [BTO:0003358] synonym: "inguen" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "inguen" RELATED [BTO:0003358] synonym: "inguinal region" EXACT [FMA:24040] synonym: "inguinal region" RELATED [BTO:0003358] xref: BTO:0003358 xref: FMA:24040 xref: GAID:27 xref: galen:InguinalRegion xref: MESH:A.01.047.365 xref: ncithesaurus:Inguinal_Region xref: SCTID:243962005 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0008338 name: plantar part of pes def: "The sole is the bottom of the foot. In humans is the sole of the foot anatomically referred to as the plantar aspect. The equivalent surface in ungulates is the hoof." [Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29] synonym: "pelma" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29] synonym: "planta" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "planta" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29] synonym: "plantar part of foot" EXACT [FMA:25000] synonym: "plantar region" EXACT [FMA:25000] synonym: "regio plantaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "sole" EXACT [FMA:25000] synonym: "sole of foot" EXACT [FMA:25000] synonym: "sole of foot" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29] synonym: "sole of the foot" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29] synonym: "soles of the feet" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sole_%28foot%29] xref: BTO:0005078 xref: FMA:25000 xref: galen:SoleOfFoot xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Soles2.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Plantar_Region xref: SCTID:57999000 is_a: UBERON:0005445 {source="FMA"} ! segment of pes is_a: UBERON:0008837 ! palmar/plantar part of autopod [Term] id: UBERON:0008339 name: microvascular endothelium xref: BTO:0003122 is_a: UBERON:0004852 {source="BTO"} ! cardiovascular system endothelium [Term] id: UBERON:0008340 name: nasal bridge def: "A saddle-shaped area that includes the nasal root and the lateral aspects of the nose. It lies between the glabella and the inferior boundary of the nasal bone, and extends laterally to the inner canth[WP]." [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.32600/full, Wikipedia:Nasal_bridge] xref: MA:0002874 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0006333 {source="MA"} ! snout [Term] id: UBERON:0008341 name: columella nasi def: "the tissue that links the nasal tip to the nasal base, and separates the nares. It is the inferior margin of the nasal septum[EoM]." [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajmg.a.32600/full] synonym: "columella" RELATED [FMA:59725] xref: FMA:59725 xref: SCTID:361930008 is_a: UBERON:0000063 ! organ segment is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007827 {source="FMA"} ! external nose [Term] id: UBERON:0008342 name: intestinal villus of duodenum xref: FMA:63300 is_a: UBERON:0001213 {source="FMA"} ! intestinal villus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000320 {source="FMA"} ! duodenal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0008343 name: intestinal villus of jejunum xref: FMA:63301 is_a: UBERON:0001213 {source="FMA"} ! intestinal villus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000399 {source="FMA"} ! jejunal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0008344 name: intestinal villus of ileum xref: FMA:63302 is_a: UBERON:0001213 {source="FMA"} ! intestinal villus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000331 {source="FMA"} ! ileal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0008345 name: ileal epithelium synonym: "epithelium of ileum" EXACT [FMA:17233] xref: FMA:17233 xref: SCTID:47046000 is_a: UBERON:0001902 ! epithelium of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002116 ! ileum relationship: part_of UBERON:0008344 {source="FMA"} ! intestinal villus of ileum [Term] id: UBERON:0008346 name: duodenal epithelium synonym: "epithelium of duodenum" EXACT [FMA:17231] xref: FMA:17231 xref: SCTID:66036002 is_a: UBERON:0001902 ! epithelium of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002114 ! duodenum relationship: part_of UBERON:0008342 {source="FMA"} ! intestinal villus of duodenum [Term] id: UBERON:0008359 name: amnion epithelium xref: BTO:0000897 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010303 ! extraembryonic epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000305 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000305 ! amnion relationship: part_of UBERON:0000305 ! amnion [Term] id: UBERON:0008367 name: breast epithelium xref: BTO:0001428 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000310 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000310 ! breast relationship: part_of UBERON:0000310 ! breast [Term] id: UBERON:0008397 name: tracheobronchial epithelium def: "Epithelium pertaining to the trachea and bronchi." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckMedicus] synonym: "bronchotracheal epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0002925] xref: BTO:0002925 is_a: UBERON:0004802 {source="BTO"} ! respiratory tract epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0008404 name: proximale tubular epithelium def: "The cells lining the proximal tubule are cuboidal epithelial cells with deep basal membrane invaginations that provide a large basal surface area. The long microvilli (the brush border) lining the tubule lumen, maximize luminal surface area and make these cells ideally suited for both reabsorptive and secretory functions." [Renal_Physiology:Section_7\,_Chapter_3] synonym: "proximale tubule epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0003576] xref: BTO:0003576 is_a: UBERON:0004810 ! nephron tubule epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004134 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0004134 {source="BTO"} ! proximal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0004134 ! proximal tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0008408 name: distal tubular epithelium synonym: "distal tubule epithelium" RELATED [BTO:0003948] xref: BTO:0003948 is_a: UBERON:0004810 ! nephron tubule epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004135 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0004135 {source="BTO"} ! distal tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0004135 ! distal tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0008420 name: buccal epithelium xref: BTO:0004803 is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006956 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006956 ! buccal mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0006956 ! buccal mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0006956 {source="BTO"} ! buccal mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0008424 name: inguinal mammary gland xref: MA:0000790 xref: SCTID:66519003 is_a: UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland is_a: UBERON:0005173 ! abdominal segment organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0008337 intersection_of: UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008337 ! inguinal part of abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0008337 ! inguinal part of abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0008425 name: mammary ridge def: "A bandlike thickening of ectoderm in the embryo extending from just below the axilla to the inguinal region and giving rise to the mammary glands[Stedmans]. One of two parallel lines, formed by thickenings of the epidermis (the mammary ridge) along the ventral surface of mammals of both sexes. They extend from the upper limbs (arms) to the lower limbs (legs) and are developed in the embryo. They give rise to the mammary glands and nipples but are otherwise usually not visible in the adult. The first manifestation of the mammary gland in many mammals is an elevated ridge or milk line, which then fragments into individual buds in specific regions lateral of the dorsal midline. These buds are either located in the thoracic region in primates, in the inguinal area in ungulates or along the entire length of the trunk in rodents and pigs. In humans, milk lines appear in the seventh week of embryonic development. After initial development of the milk lines they go into remission. Nipples develop on the milk lines of mammals. Most humans have two nipples, but in some cases more than two will develop. In most cases, these 'third nipples'—and sometimes fourth nipple—grow along the milk line[WP]." [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mammary%20ridge, Wikipedia:Milk_line] comment: split ridge and milk line? synonym: "mammary fold" EXACT [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mammary+ridge] synonym: "milk line" RELATED [Wikipedia:Milk_line] xref: EMAPA:18541 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0008426 name: transverse foramen of atlas synonym: "foramen transversarium of atlas" EXACT [FMA:23998] xref: FMA:23998 xref: SCTID:281220001 is_a: UBERON:0000130 ! transverse foramen is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010276 ! vertebral column opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 intersection_of: UBERON:0000130 ! transverse foramen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008427 name: transverse foramen of axis synonym: "foramen transversarium of axis" EXACT [FMA:23999] xref: FMA:23999 xref: SCTID:281221002 is_a: UBERON:0000130 ! transverse foramen is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010276 ! vertebral column opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0001093 intersection_of: UBERON:0000130 ! transverse foramen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001093 ! second cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001093 ! second cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008428 name: ceratoglossus def: "main, posterior part of hyoglossus muscle (vs. chondroglossus) arising from the greater horn of the hyoid bone." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=56655] synonym: "ceratoglossus muscle" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=56655] synonym: "musculus ceratoglossus" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=56655] xref: FMA:46720 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001572 {source="FMA"} ! hyoglossus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008429 name: cervical vertebral foramen xref: FMA:13480 xref: SCTID:280833008 is_a: UBERON:0001131 ! vertebral foramen is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 intersection_of: UBERON:0001131 ! vertebral foramen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008430 name: lumbar vertebral foramen xref: FMA:24826 xref: SCTID:280835001 is_a: UBERON:0001131 ! vertebral foramen is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 intersection_of: UBERON:0001131 ! vertebral foramen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008431 name: sacral foramen xref: FMA:31749 is_a: UBERON:0001131 ! vertebral foramen is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001094 intersection_of: UBERON:0001131 ! vertebral foramen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008432 name: thoracic vertebral foramen xref: FMA:9143 xref: SCTID:280834002 is_a: UBERON:0001131 ! vertebral foramen is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 intersection_of: UBERON:0001131 ! vertebral foramen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008433 name: lumbar vertebral arch synonym: "arch of lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:16076] xref: FMA:16076 xref: SCTID:312766000 is_a: UBERON:0003828 ! abdominal segment bone is_a: UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 intersection_of: UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008434 name: cervical vertebral arch synonym: "arch of cervical vertebra" EXACT [FMA:23893] xref: FMA:23893 xref: SCTID:165269004 is_a: UBERON:0003458 ! neck bone is_a: UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 intersection_of: UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008435 name: vertebral arch of sacral segment xref: FMA:32401 is_a: UBERON:0003828 ! abdominal segment bone is_a: UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone is_a: UBERON:0005179 ! pelvis organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001094 intersection_of: UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008436 name: thoracic vertebral arch synonym: "arch of thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9151] xref: FMA:9151 xref: SCTID:312764002 is_a: UBERON:0003827 ! thoracic segment bone is_a: UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 intersection_of: UBERON:0003861 ! neural arch intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008437 name: posterior arch of atlas def: "In a cervical vertebra, the posterior arch forms about two-fifths of the circumference of the ring: it ends behind in the posterior tubercle, which is the rudiment of a spinous process and gives origin to the Recti capitis posteriores minores." [Wikipedia:Posterior_arch_of_atlas] synonym: "posterior arch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_arch] xref: FMA:23977 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Arcusposterioratlantis.png xref: SCTID:181892007 is_a: UBERON:0005814 ! arch of atlas is_a: UBERON:0008434 {source="FMA"} ! cervical vertebral arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 {source="FMA"} ! first cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008438 name: webbed interdigital region between manual digits is_a: UBERON:0006013 ! interdigital region between manual digits is_a: UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0008441 ! webbed manus [Term] id: UBERON:0008439 name: webbed interdigital region between pedal digits synonym: "toe web" EXACT [Obol:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0006014 ! interdigital region between pedal digits is_a: UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0008442 ! webbed pes [Term] id: UBERON:0008440 name: webbed autpod is_a: UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region relationship: has_part UBERON:0006015 intersection_of: UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region relationship: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region [Term] id: UBERON:0008441 name: webbed manus synonym: "hand webbing" RELATED [AAO:0010120] synonym: "webbed hand" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0010120 is_a: UBERON:0002398 ! manus is_a: UBERON:0008440 ! webbed autpod relationship: has_part UBERON:0006015 intersection_of: UBERON:0002398 ! manus intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region relationship: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region [Term] id: UBERON:0008442 name: webbed pes synonym: "foot webbing" RELATED [AAO:0010121] synonym: "webbed foot" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010121 is_a: UBERON:0002387 ! pes is_a: UBERON:0008440 ! webbed autpod relationship: has_part UBERON:0006015 intersection_of: UBERON:0002387 ! pes intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region relationship: has_part UBERON:0006015 ! webbed interdigital region [Term] id: UBERON:0008443 name: webbed digit is_a: UBERON:0002544 ! digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0008440 intersection_of: UBERON:0002544 ! digit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008440 ! webbed autpod relationship: part_of UBERON:0008440 ! webbed autpod [Term] id: UBERON:0008444 name: webbed manual digit synonym: "digit of webbed hand" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "digit of webbed manus" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "webbed finger" EXACT [Obol:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit is_a: UBERON:0008443 ! webbed digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0008441 intersection_of: UBERON:0002544 ! digit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008441 ! webbed manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0008441 ! webbed manus [Term] id: UBERON:0008445 name: webbed pedal digit synonym: "digit of webbed foot" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "digit of webbed pes" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "webbed toe" EXACT [Obol:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit is_a: UBERON:0008443 ! webbed digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0008442 intersection_of: UBERON:0002544 ! digit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008442 ! webbed pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0008442 ! webbed pes [Term] id: UBERON:0008446 name: flexor pollicis longus muscle def: "A muscle in the forearm and hand that flexes the thumb. It lies in the same plane as the flexor digitorum profundus. This muscle is unique to humans, being 'either rudimentary or absent' in other primates." [Wikipedia:Flexor_pollicis_longus_muscle] comment: Taxon notes: Modern humans are unique among hominids in having a flexor pollicis longus (FPL) muscle belly that is separate from that of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP). While the FPL is not a separate muscle belly in extant great apes, a distinct tendon from the FDP belly might be present. In some individuals this tendon tend to act more like a ligament which restricts extension of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb. In orangutans there is a tendon similar in insertion and function to the FPL in humans, but which has an intrinsic origin on the oblique head of the adductor pollicis[WP] synonym: "flexor pollicis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Flexor_pollicis_longus_muscle] synonym: "flexor pollicis longus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Flexor_pollicis_longus_muscle] synonym: "flexor pollicis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Flexor_pollicis_longus_muscle] synonym: "musculus flexor pollicis longus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Flexor_pollicis_longus_muscle] synonym: "musculus flexor pollicis longus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flexor_pollicis_longus_muscle] xref: FMA:38481 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/FPL.png xref: SCTID:361818001 is_a: UBERON:0004254 {source="Wikipedia"} ! forelimb zeugopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0003234 {source="dbpedia"} ! extensor pollicis longus muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004444 {source="dbpedia", notes="The base of the distal phalanx of the thumb"} ! proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 1 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001423 {notes="The middle 2/4 of the volar surface of the radius and the adjacent interosseus membrane.", source="dbpedia"} ! radius bone [Term] id: UBERON:0008447 name: intertarsal joint def: "Intertarsal articulations are the joints of the tarsus. The specific intertarsal articulations are: Talocalcaneal articulation Talocalcaneonavicular articulation Calcaneocuboid articulation Cuneonavicular articulation Cuboideonavicular articulation Intercuneiform articulation Cuneocuboid articulation" [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations] synonym: "articulationes intertarsale" RELATED [MESH:A.02.835.583.378.831] synonym: "articulationes intertarsales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations] synonym: "articulationes intertarseae" RELATED [MESH:A.02.835.583.378.831] synonym: "intermetatarsal joint" RELATED [MESH:A.02.835.583.378.831] synonym: "intertarsal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations] synonym: "intertarsal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations] synonym: "intertarsal joint" RELATED [MESH:A.02.835.583.378.831] synonym: "tarsal joint" RELATED [MESH:A.02.835.583.378.831] synonym: "tarsal joints" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intertarsal_articulations] xref: FMA:44281 xref: GAID:259 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Gray360.png xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.378.831 xref: ncithesaurus:Tarsal_Joint xref: SCTID:182221001 xref: SCTID:361283005 is_a: UBERON:0001487 ! joint of pes relationship: connects UBERON:0001447 {notes="two adjacent tarsals"} ! tarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001447 {cardinality="2"} ! tarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region [Term] id: UBERON:0008449 name: trochlear notch def: "The semilunar notch of the ulna (trochlear notch of ulna, greater sigmoid cavity) is a large depression, formed by the olecranon and the coronoid process, and serving for articulation with the trochlea of the humerus. About the middle of either side of this notch is an indentation, which contracts it somewhat, and indicates the junction of the olecranon and the coronoid process. The notch is concave from above downward, and divided into a medial and a lateral portion by a smooth ridge running from the summit of the olecranon to the tip of the coronoid process. The medial portion is the larger, and is slightly concave transversely; the lateral is convex above, slightly concave below." [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch] synonym: "incisura trochlearis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch] synonym: "incisura trochlearis ulnae, incisura semilunaris ulnae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch] synonym: "semilunar notch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Trochlear_notch] synonym: "semilunar notch of ulna" EXACT [FMA:23619] xref: FMA:23619 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray212.png is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006822 ! proximal epiphysis of ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0008450 name: psoas muscle def: "A powerful flexor of the thigh at the hip joint (psoas major) and a weak flexor of the trunk and lumbar spinal column (psoas minor). Psoas is derived from the Greek \"psoa\", the plural meaning \"muscles of the loin\". It is a common site of infection manifesting as abscess (PSOAS ABSCESS). The psoas muscles and their fibers are also used frequently in experiments in muscle physiology." [MESH:A.02.633.567.825, Wikipedia:Psoas] synonym: "psoas" EXACT [BTO:0001140] synonym: "psoas" EXACT [MA:0002553] xref: BTO:0001140 xref: galen:Psoas xref: MA:0002553 xref: MESH:A.02.633.567.825 xref: ncithesaurus:Psoas_Muscle xref: SCTID:276167002 is_a: UBERON:0008549 {source="FMA-abduced"} ! prevertebral muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001370 {source="dbpedia-abduced"} ! gluteus maximus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0009624 {source="dbpedia-abduced"} ! lumbar nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008453 name: rectus capitis anterior def: "The rectus capitis anterior (rectus capitis anticus minor) is a short, flat muscle, situated immediately behind the upper part of the Longus capitis. It arises from the anterior surface of the lateral mass of the atlas, and from the root of its transverse process, and passing obliquely upward and medialward, is inserted into the inferior surface of the basilar part of the occipital bone immediately in front of the foramen magnum." [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle] synonym: "anterior rectus capitis" EXACT [FMA:46312] synonym: "anterior rectus capitis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle] synonym: "anterior vertebral muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle] synonym: "musculus rectus capitis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle] synonym: "recti capitis anteriores" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitis anterior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitis anterior muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitus anterior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitus anterior muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle] xref: FMA:46312 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Rectus_capitis_anterior_muscle.PNG xref: SCTID:244838005 is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 {source="dbpedia"} ! occipital bone [Term] id: UBERON:0008454 name: rectus capitis posterior major def: "The Rectus capitis posterior major (Rectus capitis posticus major) arises by a pointed tendon from the spinous process of the axis, and, becoming broader as it ascends, is inserted into the lateral part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the surface of the bone immediately below the line. As the muscles of the two sides pass upward and lateralward, they leave between them a triangular space, in which the Recti capitis posteriores minores are seen. Its main actions are to extend and rotate the atlanto-occipital joint." [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle] synonym: "greater posterior rectus capitis" EXACT [FMA:32525] synonym: "musculus rectus capitis posterior major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle] synonym: "recti capitis posteriores major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitis posterior major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitis posterior major muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitus posterior major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitus posterior major muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle] synonym: "rectus posterior major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle] xref: FMA:32525 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Rectus_capitis_posterior_major_muscle.PNG xref: SCTID:245994002 is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 {notes="Inferior nucheal line of the occipital bone", source="dbpedia"} ! occipital bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0006839 {notes="Dorsal ramus of C1", source="dbpedia"} ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001093 {source="dbpedia", notes="Spinous process of the axis"} ! second cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008455 name: rectus capitis posterior minor def: "The Rectus capitis posterior minor (Rectus capitis posticus minor) arises by a narrow pointed tendon from the tubercle on the posterior arch of the atlas, and, widening as it ascends, is inserted into the medial part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the surface between it and the foramen magnum, and also takes some attachment to the spinal dura. The synergists are the rectus capitus posterior major and Obliquus capitis. Connective tissue bridges were noted at the atlanto-occipital junction between the rectus capitis posterior minor muscle and the dorsal spinal dura. The perpendicular arrangement of these fibers appears to restrict dural movement toward the spinal cord. The ligamentum nuchae was found to be continuous with the posterior cervical spinal dura and the lateral portion of the occipital bone. Anatomic structures innervated by cervical nerves C1-C3 have the potential to cause headache pain. Included are the joint complexes of the upper 3 cervical segments, the dura mater, and spinal cord. The dura-muscular, dura-ligamentous connections in the upper cervical spine and occipital areas may provide anatomic and physiologic answers to the cause of the cervicogenic headache. This proposal would further explain manipulation's efficacy in the treatment of cervicogenic headache ." [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle] synonym: "lesser posterior rectus capitis" EXACT [FMA:32526] synonym: "musculus rectus capitis posterior minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle] synonym: "recti capitis posteriores minores" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitis posterior minor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitis posterior minor muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitus posterior minor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle] synonym: "rectus capitus posterior minor muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle] synonym: "rectus posterior minor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor_muscle] xref: FMA:32526 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Rectus_capitis_posterior_minor.png xref: SCTID:245995001 is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 {source="dbpedia", notes="the medial part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the surface between it and the foramen magnum"} ! occipital bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0008437 {source="dbpedia", notes="the tubercle on the posterior arch of the atlas"} ! posterior arch of atlas [Term] id: UBERON:0008456 name: superior articular process of lumbar vertebra synonym: "cranial articular process of lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:16126] xref: FMA:16126 xref: SCTID:305677003 is_a: UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 intersection_of: UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008457 name: superior articular process of sacral vertebra synonym: "articular process of sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:16215] synonym: "processus articularis superior (os sacrum)" EXACT [FMA:16215] synonym: "processus articularis superior ossis sacri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "superior articular process of sacral segment" EXACT [FMA:16215] synonym: "superior articular process of sacrum" EXACT [FMA:16215] xref: FMA:16215 is_a: UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001094 intersection_of: UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001094 ! sacral vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008459 name: superior articular process of cervical vertebra xref: FMA:23969 xref: SCTID:57767002 is_a: UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 intersection_of: UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008460 name: superior articular process of thoracic vertebra synonym: "cranial articular process of thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9155] synonym: "processus articularis (zygapophysis) thoracicus superior" EXACT [FMA:9155] synonym: "superior apophyseal process" EXACT [FMA:9155] synonym: "superior zygapophysis" EXACT [FMA:9155] xref: FMA:9155 xref: SCTID:367801006 is_a: UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 intersection_of: UBERON:0001079 ! superior articular process of vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008461 name: inferior articular process of lumbar vertebra synonym: "caudal articular process of lumbar vertebra" EXACT [FMA:16127] xref: FMA:16127 xref: SCTID:306283004 is_a: UBERON:0001080 ! inferior articular process of vertebra is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 intersection_of: UBERON:0001080 ! inferior articular process of vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008462 name: inferior articular process of cervical vertebra xref: FMA:23970 xref: SCTID:61633005 is_a: UBERON:0001080 ! inferior articular process of vertebra is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 intersection_of: UBERON:0001080 ! inferior articular process of vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008463 name: inferior articular process of thoracic vertebra synonym: "caudal articular process of thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9156] synonym: "inferior apophyseal process" EXACT [FMA:9156] synonym: "inferior zygapophysis" EXACT [FMA:9156] synonym: "processus articularis (zygapophysis) thoracicus inferior" EXACT [FMA:9156] xref: FMA:9156 xref: SCTID:367814007 is_a: UBERON:0001080 ! inferior articular process of vertebra is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 intersection_of: UBERON:0001080 ! inferior articular process of vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002347 ! thoracic vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008464 name: abductor hallucis muscle def: "The Abductor hallucis lies along the medial border of the pes and covers the origins of the plantar vessels and nerves. It arises from the medial process of the tuberosity of the calcaneus, from the laciniate ligament, from the plantar aponeurosis, and from the intermuscular septum between it and the Flexor digitorum brevis. The fibers end in a tendon, which is inserted, together with the medial tendon of the Flexor hallucis brevis, into the tibial side of the base of the first phalanx of the great toe." [Wikipedia:Abductor_hallucis_muscle] synonym: "abductor hallucis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abductor_hallucis_muscle] synonym: "musculus abductor hallucis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abductor_hallucis_muscle] xref: FMA:37448 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Abductor_hallucis.png xref: SCTID:181723001 xref: Wikipedia:Abductor_hallucis_muscle is_a: UBERON:0001498 ! muscle of pes relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001450 {notes="tuberosity of the calcaneus", source="dbpedia"} ! calcaneus relationship: part_of UBERON:0008338 ! plantar part of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0008465 name: abductor pollicis brevis muscle def: "The abductor pollicis brevis is a muscle in the manus that functions as an abductor of the thumb." [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle] synonym: "abductor brevis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle] synonym: "abductor pollicis brevis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle] synonym: "musculus abductor pollicis brevis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle] xref: FMA:37373 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Musculusabductorpollicisbrevis.png xref: SCTID:181648007 xref: Wikipedia:Abductor_pollicis_brevis_muscle is_a: UBERON:0001500 ! muscle of manus is_a: UBERON:0011534 ! abductor pollicis muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0002962 {source="dbpedia"} ! adductor pollicis muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004445 {source="dbpedia", notes="Radial base of proximal phalanx of thumb and the thumb extensors"} ! proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001427 {notes="Transverse carpal ligament the scaphoid and trapezium", source="dbpedia"} ! scaphoid relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001430 {notes="Transverse carpal ligament the scaphoid and trapezium", source="dbpedia"} ! distal carpal bone 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0008488 name: cremaster muscle def: "The cremaster muscle is a muscle that covers the testis." [Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle] synonym: "cremaster" EXACT [FMA:21531] synonym: "cremaster muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle] synonym: "cremasteric muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle] synonym: "muscle of riolan (cremaster)" EXACT [FMA:21531] synonym: "musculus cremaster" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus cremaster" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cremaster_muscle] synonym: "musculus cremaster " EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: EMAPA:31250 xref: FMA:21531 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Gray1143.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cremaster_Muscle xref: SCTID:244948006 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006650 {source="dbpedia"} ! tunica vaginalis testis relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006204 {source="dbpedia"} ! inguinal ligament relationship: part_of UBERON:0003135 {source="EMAPA"} ! male reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0008521 name: gluteus minimus def: "The gluteus minimus (or glutC&us minimus), the smallest of the three gluteal muscles, is situated immediately beneath the gluteus medius." [Wikipedia:Gluteus_minimus_muscle] synonym: "glut%c3%a6us minimus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_minimus_muscle] synonym: "glutaeus minimus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_minimus_muscle] synonym: "gluteus minimus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gluteus_minimus_muscle] synonym: "gluteus minimus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus gluteus minimus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gluteus_minimus_muscle] xref: FMA:22317 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG xref: SCTID:181676004 is_a: UBERON:0002000 {source="FMA"} ! gluteal muscle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002503 {source="FMA"} ! greater trochanter relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002503 {source="dbpedia", notes="Greater trochanter of the femur"} ! greater trochanter relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 {source="dbpedia", notes="Gluteal surface of ilium under gluteus medius."} ! ilium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 {source="FMA"} ! musculature of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0008522 name: nasal muscle synonym: "muscle of nose" EXACT [Obol:automatic] xref: FMA:73758 xref: ncithesaurus:Nasal_Muscle xref: SCTID:244730009 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0001577 {source="FMA"} ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0003831 ! respiratory system muscle is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000004 ! olfactory apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0008523 name: infrahyoid muscle def: "The infrahyoid muscles are a group of four pairs of muscles in the anterior part of the neck. (The term infrahyoid refers to the region below to the hyoid bone in the neck. ) Collectively, they are referred to as the strap muscles, because the muscles are long and flat much like a strap." [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles] synonym: "infrahyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles] synonym: "infrahyoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles] synonym: "infrahyoidala" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles] synonym: "musculi infrahyoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles] synonym: "strap muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles] synonym: "strap muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Infrahyoid_muscles] xref: FMA:13338 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Infrahyoid_muscles.png xref: SCTID:244829008 is_a: UBERON:0005493 ! hyoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0005430 {source="dbpedia"} ! ansa cervicalis [Term] id: UBERON:0008529 name: piriformis muscle def: "The piriformis is a muscle in the gluteal region that originates from the anterior (front) part of the sacrum, the part of the spine in the gluteal region, and from the superior margin of the greater sciatic notch (as well as the sacroiliac joint capsule and the sacrotuberous ligament). It exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen to insert on the greater trochanter of the femur. Its tendon often joins with the tendons of the superior gemellus, inferior gemellus, and obturator internus muscles prior to insertion[WP,modified]." [Wikipedia:Piriformis_muscle] synonym: "m.piriformis" EXACT [FMA:19082] synonym: "musculus piriformis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriformis_muscle] synonym: "musculus piriformis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Piriformis_muscle] synonym: "piriform muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriformis_muscle] synonym: "piriformis" EXACT [FMA:19082] synonym: "piriformis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Piriformis_muscle] xref: FMA:19082 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG xref: SCTID:245019009 is_a: UBERON:0002000 {source="FMA"} ! gluteal muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002503 {source="dbpedia"} ! greater trochanter relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003690 {source="dbpedia"} ! sacrum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 {source="FMA"} ! musculature of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0008537 name: quadratus femoris def: "The quadratus femoris is, as its name implies, a flat, quadrilateral skeletal muscle. Located on the posterior side of the hip joint, it is a strong lateral rotator and adductor of the thigh, but also acts to stabilize the femoral head in the Acetabulum." [Wikipedia:Quadratus_femoris_muscle] synonym: "musculus quadratus femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Quadratus_femoris_muscle] synonym: "quadratus femoris muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Quadratus_femoris_muscle] xref: FMA:22321 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG xref: SCTID:245020003 is_a: UBERON:0002000 {source="FMA"} ! gluteal muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 {source="FMA"} ! musculature of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0008538 name: muscle of posterior compartment of thigh def: "The posterior fascial compartment of the thigh contains the knee flexors and hip extensors. It consists of the following muscles: biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus The muscles here (except for the short head of the biceps femoris) are the hamstrings." [Wikipedia:Posterior_compartment_of_thigh] synonym: "compartimentum femoris posterius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_compartment_of_thigh] synonym: "posterior fascial compartment of thigh" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_compartment_of_thigh] synonym: "posterior femoral muscle" EXACT [FMA:22427] synonym: "posterior femoral muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_compartment_of_thigh] xref: FMA:22427 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Gray432_color.png is_a: UBERON:0004252 {source="FMA"} ! hindlimb stylopod muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008544 name: splenius cervicis def: "The splenius cervicis (splenius colli) arises by a narrow tendinous band from the spinous processes of the third to the sixth thoracic vertebrae; it is inserted, by tendinous fasciculi, into the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the upper two or three cervical vertebrae." [Wikipedia:Splenius_cervicis_muscle] synonym: "musculus splenius cervicis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Splenius_cervicis_muscle] synonym: "splenius cervicis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Splenius_cervicis_muscle] xref: FMA:22681 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Musculus_splenius_cervicis.PNG is_a: UBERON:0002252 {source="FMA"} ! splenius relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001077 {source="dbpedia", notes="transverse processes of C1-C3"} ! transverse process of vertebra relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000962 {notes="Posterior rami of the lower Cervical spinal nerves", source="dbpedia"} ! cervical nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008546 name: iliocostalis cervicis muscle def: "The iliocostalis cervicis (cervicalis ascendens) arises from the angles of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth ribs, and is inserted into the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrae.." [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis#Iliocostalis_cervicis] synonym: "cervicalis ascendens" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis] synonym: "cervicalis ascendens muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis] synonym: "iliocostalis cervicis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis] xref: FMA:22704 xref: SCTID:244851000 is_a: UBERON:0002251 {source="FMA"} ! iliocostalis muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0006839 {source="dbpedia"} ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008549 name: prevertebral muscle def: "The prevertebral muscles are the muscles located between the prevertebral fascia (older definition) and the vertebral column, i.e. , the longus capitis and longus colli muscles. It also includes the recti capitis anterior and lateralis." [Wikipedia:Prevertebral_muscles] synonym: "flexor muscle of vertebral column" EXACT [FMA:32514] xref: FMA:32514 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Prevertebral_muscles.png is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0008571 name: suprahyoid muscle def: "The term suprahyoid refers to the region above (superior to) the hyoid bone in the neck. The suprahyoid muscles include digastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, and mylohyoid." [Wikipedia:Suprahyoid_muscles] synonym: "musculi suprahyoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Suprahyoid_muscles] synonym: "suprahyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprahyoid_muscles] synonym: "suprahyoidala" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprahyoid_muscles] xref: FMA:46290 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Suprahyoid_muscles.png xref: SCTID:244824003 is_a: UBERON:0005493 ! hyoid muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008572 name: posterior crico-arytenoid def: "The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles are extremely small, paired muscles that extend from the posterior cricoid cartilage to the arytenoid cartilages in the larynx. By rotating the arytenoid cartilages laterally, these muscles abduct the vocal cords and thereby open the rima glottidis. Their action opposes the lateral cricoarytenoid muscles. The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles receive innervation from the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve (CN X). Paralysis of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles may lead to asphyxiation as they are the only laryngeal muscles to open the true vocal folds, allowing inspiration and expiration." [Wikipedia:Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "cricoaryt%c3%a6noideus posterior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "cricoarytaenoideus posterior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "musculus cricoarytenoideus posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "posterior cricoarytenoid" EXACT [FMA:46576] synonym: "posterior cricoarytenoid muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Posterior_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "posterior cricoarytenoideus" EXACT [FMA:46576] xref: FMA:46576 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Musculuscricoarytenoideusposterior.png xref: SCTID:244812005 is_a: UBERON:0010932 ! crico-arytenoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0008573 {source="dbpedia"} ! lateral crico-arytenoid relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001740 {notes="muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage", source="dbpedia"} ! arytenoid cartilage relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003716 {notes="recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus", source="dbpedia"} ! recurrent laryngeal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002375 {notes="posterior part of the cricoid", source="dbpedia"} ! cricoid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0008573 name: lateral crico-arytenoid def: "The lateral cricoarytenoid (also anterior cricoarytenoid) muscles extend from the lateral cricoid cartilage to the ipsilateral arytenoid cartilage. By rotating the arytenoid cartilages medially, these muscles adduct the vocal cords and thereby close the rima glottidis, protecting the airway. (Their action is antagonistic to that of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles. ) The lateral cricoarytenoid muscles receive innervation from the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve (CN X)." [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "cricoaryt%c3%a6noideus lateralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "cricoaryt%c3%a6noideus lateralis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "cricoarytaenoideus lateralis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "cricoarytaenoideus lateralis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "lateral cricoarytenoid" EXACT [FMA:46579] synonym: "lateral cricoarytenoid muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "lateral cricoarytenoideus" EXACT [FMA:46579] synonym: "musculus cricoarytenoideus lateralis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_cricoarytenoid_muscle] xref: FMA:46579 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Musculuscricoarytenoideuslateralis.png xref: SCTID:244813000 is_a: UBERON:0010932 ! crico-arytenoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0008572 {source="dbpedia"} ! posterior crico-arytenoid relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001740 {notes="muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage", source="dbpedia"} ! arytenoid cartilage relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003716 {notes="recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus", source="dbpedia"} ! recurrent laryngeal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002375 {notes="lateral part of the arch of the cricoid", source="dbpedia"} ! cricoid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0008574 name: transverse arytenoid def: "The tranverse arytenoid crosses transversely between the two cartilages. It is an unpaired muscle running from one arytenoid to another to pull the arytenoids together." [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle] synonym: "arytenoid transversus" RELATED [] synonym: "tranverse arytenoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_arytenoid] xref: FMA:46582 is_a: UBERON:0010958 ! arytenoid muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008575 name: oblique arytenoid def: "The oblique arytenoid, the more superficial Arytenoid muscle, forms two fasciculi, which pass from the base of one cartilage to the apex of the opposite one, and therefore cross each other like the limbs of the letter X; a few fibers are continued around the lateral margin of the cartilage, and are prolonged into the aryepiglottic fold; they are sometimes described as a separate muscle, the Aryepiglotticus. The aryepiglottic muscle together with the transverse arytenoid and the thyroarytenoid work as a sphincter and close the larynx as we swallow or cough. Its innervation is by the recurrent laryngeal nerve (from vagus) just like all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid muscle." [Wikipedia:Oblique_arytenoid_muscle] synonym: "arytenoid obliquus" RELATED [] synonym: "oblique arytenoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Oblique_arytenoid] xref: FMA:46583 xref: SCTID:244817004 is_a: UBERON:0010958 ! arytenoid muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008576 name: thyro-arytenoid def: "The Thyroarytenoid is a broad, thin, muscle which lies parallel with and lateral to the vocal fold, and supports the wall of the ventricle and its appendix. It functions in fine tonal control of the vocal cords." [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "musculus thyroarytenoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "thyreoaryt%c3%a6noideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "thyreoaryt%c3%a6noideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "thyreoarytaenoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "thyreoarytaenoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "thyreoepiglotticus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "thyro-arytenoid %26 vocalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "thyro-arytenoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "thyroaryt%c3%a6noideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "thyroarytenoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "thyroarytenoid muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "ventricularis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "ventricularis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Thyroarytenoid_muscle] xref: FMA:46588 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Musculusthyreoarytenoideus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroarytenoid_Muscle xref: SCTID:361814004 is_a: UBERON:0006328 {source="FMA"} ! laryngeal intrinsic muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001740 {notes="Anterior surface of arytenoid cartilage", source="dbpedia"} ! arytenoid cartilage relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003716 {notes="recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus", source="dbpedia"} ! recurrent laryngeal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001738 {notes="Inner surface of the thyroid cartilage", source="dbpedia"} ! thyroid cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 {source="FMA"} ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0008577 name: vocalis muscle def: "The vocal muscle is the upper portion of the thyroarytenoid muscle which is primarily involved in producing speech." [Wikipedia:Vocal_muscle] synonym: "musculus vocalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vocal_muscle] synonym: "vocal muscle" EXACT [FMA:46591] synonym: "vocalis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:46591 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Musculusthyreoarytenoideus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Vocalis_Muscle xref: SCTID:244820007 is_a: UBERON:0006328 {source="FMA"} ! laryngeal intrinsic muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 {source="FMA"} ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0008576 {source="Wikipedia"} ! thyro-arytenoid [Term] id: UBERON:0008582 name: superior longitudinal muscle of tongue def: "The Longitudinalis linguC& superior (Superior lingualis) is a thin stratum of oblique and longitudinal fibers immediately underlying the mucous membrane on the dorsum of the tongue." [Wikipedia:Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "longitudinalis lingu%c3%a6 superior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "longitudinalis linguae superior" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "musculus longitudinalis superior" EXACT [FMA:46693] synonym: "musculus longitudinalis superior linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "superior longitudinal muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_longitudinal_muscle_of_tongue] xref: FMA:46693 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Musculuslongitudinalissuperiorlinguae.png xref: SCTID:244790006 is_a: UBERON:0001576 {source="FMA"} ! intrinsic muscle of tongue relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001723 {notes="edges of the tongue", source="dbpedia"} ! tongue relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001650 {source="dbpedia"} ! hypoglossal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008583 name: transverse muscle of tongue def: "The Transversus linguC& (tansverse lingualis) is a muscle of the tongue. It consists of fibers which arise from the median fibrous septum and pass lateralward to be inserted into the submucous fibrous tissue at the sides of the tongue." [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "intrinsic tongue muscle transverse component" EXACT [MA:0002328] synonym: "musculus transversus linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "transverse lingual muscle" EXACT [FMA:46695] synonym: "transverse muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "transversus lingu%c3%a6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "transversus linguae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "transversus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_tongue] xref: FMA:46695 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Musculustransversuslinguae.png xref: MA:0002328 xref: ncithesaurus:Intrinsic_Tongue_Muscle_Transverse_Component xref: SCTID:244792003 is_a: UBERON:0001576 {source="FMA"} ! intrinsic muscle of tongue relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001723 {source="dbpedia", notes="sides of the tongue"} ! tongue relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001650 {source="dbpedia"} ! hypoglossal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008584 name: vertical muscle of tongue def: "The Verticalis linguC& (Vertical lingualis) is found only at the borders of the forepart of the tongue. Its fibers extend from the upper to the under surface of the organ." [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "intrinsic tongue muscle vertical component" EXACT [MA:0002329] synonym: "musculus verticalis linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "vertical lingual muscle" EXACT [FMA:46696] synonym: "vertical muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "verticalis lingu%c3%a6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "verticalis lingu%c3%a6 muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "verticalis linguae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "verticalis linguae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue] synonym: "verticalis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vertical_muscle_of_tongue] xref: FMA:46696 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Gray1020.png xref: MA:0002329 xref: ncithesaurus:Intrinsic_Tongue_Muscle_Vertical_Component xref: SCTID:244793008 is_a: UBERON:0001576 {source="FMA"} ! intrinsic muscle of tongue relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0007373 {notes="Inferior surface borders of tongue", source="dbpedia"} ! inferior surface of tongue relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001650 {source="dbpedia"} ! hypoglossal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0009471 {source="dbpedia", notes="Submucosal fibrous layer of dorsum of tongue"} ! dorsum of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0008585 name: levator veli palatini def: "The levator veli palatini is the elevator muscle of the velum palatinum in the human body. During swallowing, it contracts, elevating the soft palate to help prevent food from entering the nasopharynx. It is innervated via the pharyngeal plexus, primarily by the vagus nerve (CN X). The levator veli palatini (Levator palati) is a thick, rounded muscle situated lateral to the choanC&. It arises from the under surface of the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone and from the medial lamina of the cartilage of the auditory tube. After passing above the upper concave margin of the Constrictor pharyngis superior it spreads out in the palatine velum, its fibers extending obliquely downward and medially to the middle line, where they blend with those of the opposite side." [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini] synonym: "levator palati" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini] synonym: "levator veli" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini] synonym: "levator veli palatini muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini] synonym: "levator velum palatini muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini] synonym: "musculus levator veli palatini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_veli_palatini] xref: FMA:46727 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Musculuslevatorvelipalatini.png xref: SCTID:244795001 is_a: UBERON:0003682 {source="FMA"} ! palatal muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000929 {notes="Pharyngeal Branch of Vagus", source="dbpedia"} ! pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001678 {source="dbpedia"} ! temporal bone property_value: external_definition "The levator veli palatini is part of the soft palate that attaches to the cranial base, pharyngotympanic tube and the soft palate and is innervated by Cranial Nerve X via the pharyngeal plexus.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008586 name: tensor veli palatini def: "The tensor veli palatini (tensor palati) is a broad, thin, ribbon-like muscle in the head that tenses the soft palate." [Wikipedia:Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle] synonym: "musculus tensor veli palatini" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle] synonym: "tensor palati" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle] synonym: "tensor palati muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle] synonym: "tensor veli palatini" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tensor_veli_palatini_muscle] synonym: "tensor veli palatini muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:46730 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Musculustensorvelipalatini.png xref: SCTID:361815003 is_a: UBERON:0003682 {source="FMA"} ! palatal muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {notes="medial pterygoid of mandibular nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! mandibular nerve property_value: external_definition "The tensor veli palatini is a muscle of the soft palate that attaches to the cranial base and pharyngotympanic tube, wraps around the pterygoid hamulus and then attaches to the midline palatal raphe of the soft palate that is innervated by cranial nerve V3.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008588 name: procerus def: "The Procerus is a small pyramidal slip of muscle deep to the superior orbital nerve, artery and vein." [Wikipedia:Procerus_muscle] synonym: "depressor glabellae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Procerus_muscle] synonym: "musculus procerus, pyramidalis nasi, depressor glabellae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Procerus_muscle] synonym: "procerus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Procerus_muscle] synonym: "pyramidalis nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Procerus_muscle] xref: FMA:46769 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Procerus.png xref: SCTID:244731008 is_a: UBERON:0008522 {source="FMA"} ! nasal muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia", notes="Temporal Branch of the facial nerve"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008589 name: depressor septi nasi def: "The depressor septi (Depressor alE nasi) arises from the incisive fossa of the maxilla. Its fibers ascend to be inserted into the nasal septum and back part of the alar part of nasalis muscle. It lies between the mucous membrane and muscular structure of the lip." [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle] synonym: "depressor al%c3%a6 nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle] synonym: "depressor alae nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle] synonym: "depressor septi" EXACT [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle] synonym: "depressor septi nasi muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle] synonym: "musculus depressor septi nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Depressor_septi_nasi_muscle] xref: FMA:46777 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Musculusdepressorseptinasi.PNG xref: SCTID:244733006 is_a: UBERON:0008522 {source="FMA"} ! nasal muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {notes="Buccal branch of the facial nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 {source="dbpedia", notes="incisive fossa of the maxilla"} ! maxilla [Term] id: UBERON:0008591 name: depressor supercilii def: "The Depressor Supercilii is an eye muscle of the human body. The nature of this muscle is in some dispute. Few printed anatomies include it (Netter, et al. ) and many authorities consider it to be part of the orbicularis oculi muscle . On the other hand, many dermatologists, ophthalmologists and plastic surgeons hold that the depressor supercilli is a distinct muscle and has a definite, individual effect on the movement of the eybrow and skin of the glabella." [Wikipedia:Depressor_supercilii_muscle] synonym: "depressor supercilii muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_supercilii_muscle] synonym: "musculus depressor supercilii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Depressor_supercilii_muscle] xref: FMA:46798 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Gray379.png xref: SCTID:244728007 is_a: UBERON:0001577 {source="FMA"} ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001697 {source="dbpedia", notes="Medial aspect of bony orbit"} ! orbital region relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008592 name: levator labii superioris alaeque nasi def: "The levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle is, translated from Latin, the \"lifter of the upper lip and of the wing of the nose\". It has the longest name of any muscle in an animal." [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle] synonym: "alaeque" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle] synonym: "elvis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle] synonym: "levator labii superioris alaequae nasi muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle] synonym: "levator labii superioris alaeque nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle] synonym: "musculus levator labii superioris alaequae nasi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_labii_superioris_alaeque_nasi_muscle] xref: FMA:46802 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Musculuslevatorlabiisuperiorisalaequenasi.png is_a: UBERON:0001577 {source="FMA"} ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001834 {source="dbpedia", notes="nostril and upper lip"} ! upper lip relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005928 {source="dbpedia", notes="nostril and upper lip"} ! external naris relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {notes="buccal branch of facial nerve CN VII", source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 {source="dbpedia"} ! maxilla [Term] id: UBERON:0008593 name: zygomaticus major def: "The Zygomatic major is a muscle of the human body. It is a muscle of facial expression which draws the angle of the mouth superiorly and posteriorly. Like all muscles of facial expression, the zygomatic major is innervated by the facial nerve (Cranial Nerve VII). The Zygomaticus extends from each zygomatic arch to the corners of the mouth. It raises the corners of the mouth when a person smiles. Dimples may be caused by variations in the structure of this muscle." [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle] synonym: "musculus zygomaticus major" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle] synonym: "zygomatic major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle] synonym: "zygomatic major muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle] synonym: "zygomatic muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle] synonym: "zygomaticcus major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle] synonym: "zygomaticus major" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_major_muscle] xref: FMA:46810 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Zygomaticus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Zygomaticus_Major xref: SCTID:244739005 xref: SCTID:244740007 is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0010437 ! zygomaticus muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia", notes="zygomatic branch of facial nerve"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008594 name: zygomaticus minor def: "The zygomaticus minor is a muscle of facial expression. It originates from malar bone and continues with orbicularis oculi on the lateral face of the Levator labii superioris and then inserts into the outer part of the upper lip. Do not confuse this with the Zygomaticus major, which insets into the angle of the mouth. It draws the upper lip backward, upward, and outward (used in making sad facial expressions). </gallery> Like all muscles of facial expression, it is innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII)." [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_minor_muscle] synonym: "zygomaticus minor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Zygomaticus_minor_muscle] xref: FMA:46811 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Musculuszygomaticusminor.png xref: ncithesaurus:Zygomaticus_Minor xref: SCTID:244741006 is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0010437 ! zygomaticus muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001458 {notes="skin of the upper lip", source="dbpedia"} ! skin of lip relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001834 {notes="skin of the upper lip", source="dbpedia"} ! upper lip relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001683 {source="dbpedia"} ! zygomatic bone [Term] id: UBERON:0008595 name: levator anguli oris def: "The levator anguli oris (caninus) is a facial muscle of the mouth arising from the canine fossa, immediately below the infraorbital foramen. Its fibers are inserted into the angle of the mouth, intermingling with those of the Zygomaticus, Triangularis, and Orbicularis oris." [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris_muscle] synonym: "caninus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris] synonym: "caninus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris] synonym: "levator anguli oris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris] synonym: "levator anguli oris muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris] synonym: "musculus levator anguli oris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Levator_anguli_oris] xref: FMA:46822 xref: SCTID:141501002 is_a: UBERON:0001577 {source="FMA"} ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {notes="buccal branches", source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 {source="dbpedia"} ! maxilla [Term] id: UBERON:0008596 name: mentalis def: "The Mentalis is a paired central muscle of the lower lip, situated at the tip of the chin. It raises and pushes up the lower lip, causing wrinkling of the chin, as in doubt or displeasure. It is ometimes referred to as the \"pouting muscle. \" Its fibers arise from the incisive fossa of the mandible, then course vertically downward to insert in the skin of the chin. A movement disorder of the mentalis muscle is Geniospasm which is a benign but socially excluding genetic disorder." [Wikipedia:Mentalis] synonym: "mentalis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Mentalis] synonym: "musculus mentalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Mentalis] synonym: "musculus mentalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mentalis] xref: FMA:46825 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Mentalis.png xref: SCTID:244744003 is_a: UBERON:0001577 {source="FMA"} ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0008199 {source="dbpedia"} ! chin relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia", notes="mandibular branch"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001684 {source="dbpedia"} ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0008597 name: depressor anguli oris muscle def: "The Depressor anguli oris (Triangularis) arises from the oblique line of the mandible, whence its fibers converge, to be inserted, by a narrow fasciculus, into the angle of the mouth." [Wikipedia:Depressor_anguli_oris_muscle] synonym: "depressor anguli oris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_anguli_oris_muscle] synonym: "musculus depressor anguli oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Depressor_anguli_oris_muscle] synonym: "triangularis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_anguli_oris_muscle] synonym: "triangularis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Depressor_anguli_oris_muscle] xref: FMA:46828 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray381.png xref: SCTID:361812000 is_a: UBERON:0001577 {source="FMA"} ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011386 {notes="modiolus of mouth", source="dbpedia"} ! facial modiolus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia", notes="mandibular branch"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001684 {notes="tubercle of mandible", source="dbpedia"} ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0008598 name: risorius muscle def: "The risorius arises in the fascia over the parotid gland and, passing horizontally forward, superficial to the platysma, inserts onto the skin at the angle of the mouth. It is a narrow bundle of fibers, broadest at its origin, but varies much in its size and form." [Wikipedia:Risorius] synonym: "musculus risorius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Risorius] synonym: "risorius" EXACT [Wikipedia:Risorius] xref: FMA:46838 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Musculusrisorius.png xref: SCTID:244755003 is_a: UBERON:0001577 {source="FMA"} ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia", notes="buccal branch"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001831 {source="dbpedia"} ! parotid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0008603 name: helicis major def: "The Helicis major is a narrow vertical band situated upon the anterior margin of the helix. It arises below, from the spina helicis, and is inserted into the anterior border of the helix, just where it is about to curve backward." [Wikipedia:Helicis_major] synonym: "helicis major muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "musculus helicis major" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Helicis_major] xref: FMA:48968 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Gray906.png xref: SCTID:244764008 is_a: UBERON:0001596 {source="FMA"} ! intrinsic auricular muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008604 name: helicis minor def: "The Helicis minor is an oblique fasciculus, covering the crus helicis." [Wikipedia:Helicis_minor] synonym: "helicis minor muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "musculus helicis minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Helicis_minor] xref: FMA:48971 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Gray906.png xref: SCTID:244765009 is_a: UBERON:0001596 {source="FMA"} ! intrinsic auricular muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008605 name: tragicus muscle def: "The Tragicus is a short, flattened vertical band on the lateral surface of the tragus." [Wikipedia:Tragicus] synonym: "musculus tragicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tragicus] synonym: "tragicus" EXACT [FMA:48974] synonym: "tragicus muscle" RELATED [] xref: FMA:48974 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Gray906.png xref: SCTID:244766005 is_a: UBERON:0001596 {source="FMA"} ! intrinsic auricular muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008606 name: antitragicus muscle def: "The Antitragicus arises from the outer part of the antitragus, and is inserted into the cauda helicis and antihelix." [Wikipedia:Antitragicus] synonym: "antitragicus" EXACT [FMA:48980] synonym: "antitragicus muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "musculus antitragicus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Antitragicus] xref: FMA:48980 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Musculusantitragicus.png xref: SCTID:63899000 is_a: UBERON:0001596 {source="FMA"} ! intrinsic auricular muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008607 name: transverse muscle of auricle def: "The transverse muscle of auricle is placed on the cranial surface of the pinna. It consists of scattered fibers, partly tendinous and partly muscular, extending from the eminentia conchae to the prominence corresponding with the scapha." [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_auricle] synonym: "musculus transversus auriculae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_auricle] synonym: "transverse muscle of pinna" EXACT [FMA:48983] synonym: "transversus auriculae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_auricle] synonym: "transversus auricularis" EXACT [FMA:48983] xref: FMA:48983 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Gray906.png xref: SCTID:244767001 is_a: UBERON:0001596 {source="FMA"} ! intrinsic auricular muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008608 name: oblique muscle of auricle def: "The oblique muscle of auricle, on the cranial surface, consists of a few fibers extending from the upper and back part of the concha to the convexity immediately above it." [Wikipedia:Oblique_muscle_of_auricle] synonym: "musculus obliquus auriculae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Oblique_muscle_of_auricle] synonym: "oblique muscle of pinna" EXACT [FMA:48986] synonym: "obliquus auricul%c3%a6" RELATED [Wikipedia:Oblique_muscle_of_auricle] synonym: "obliquus auriculae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Oblique_muscle_of_auricle] synonym: "obliquus auricularis muscle" EXACT [FMA:48986] xref: FMA:48986 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Gray906.png xref: SCTID:244768006 is_a: UBERON:0001596 {source="FMA"} ! intrinsic auricular muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0008609 name: transversus menti muscle def: "The transversus menti, or transverse muscle of the chin, is a facial muscle that is often considered to be the superficial fibers of the depressor anguli oris muscle which cross to the other side of the face." [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_the_chin] synonym: "musculus transversus menti" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_the_chin] synonym: "transverse menti" EXACT [FMA:49080] synonym: "transversus menti" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transverse_muscle_of_the_chin] xref: FMA:49080 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Gray381.png is_a: UBERON:0001577 {source="FMA"} ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008611 name: scalene muscle def: "Any of the three pairs of muscles in the lateral neck, namely the scalenus anterior, scalenus medius, and scalenus posterior. They are innervated by the spinal nerves C4-C8[WP]." [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "lateral cervical muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "lateral cervical muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "lateral vertebral muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "m scalenus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "scalene muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "scalene muscles" EXACT [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "scalenes" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "scaleneus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "scaleni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "scalenus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalene_muscles] synonym: "scalenus muscle" EXACT [FMA:64829] xref: FMA:64829 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Scalenus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Scalene_Muscle xref: SCTID:244843003 is_a: UBERON:0002377 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of neck is_a: UBERON:0004518 ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004601 {source="dbpedia", notes="first and second ribs"} ! rib 1 relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004602 {source="dbpedia", notes="first and second ribs"} ! rib 2 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002413 {source="dbpedia"} ! cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008612 name: muscle of pelvic diaphragm def: "The pelvic floor or pelvic diaphragm is composed of muscle fibers of the levator ani, the coccygeus, and associated connective tissue which span the area underneath the pelvis. The pelvic diaphragm is a muscular partition formed by the levatores ani and coccygei, with which may be included the parietal pelvic fascia on their upper and lower aspects. The pelvic floor separates the pelvic cavity above from the perineal region below. The right and left levator ani lie almost horizontally in the floor of the pelvis, separated by a narrow gap that transmits the urethra, vagina, and anal canal. The levator ani is usually considered in three parts: pubococcygeus, puborectalis, and iliococcygeus. The pubococcygeus, the main part of the levator, runs backward from the body of the pubis toward the coccyx and may be damaged during parturition. Some fibers are inserted into the prostate, urethra, and vagina. The right and left puborectalis unite behind the anorectal junction to form a muscular sling . Some regard them as a part of the sphincter ani externus. The iliococcygeus, the most posterior part of the levator ani, is often poorly developed. The coccygeus, situated behind the levator ani and frequently tendinous as much as muscular, extends from the ischial spine to the lateral margin of the sacrum and coccyx. The pelvic cavity of the true pelvis has the pelvic floor as its inferior border (and the pelvic brim as its superior border. ) The perineum has the pelvic floor as its superior border. Some sources do not consider \"pelvic floor\" and \"pelvic diaphragm\" to be identical, with the \"diaphragm\" consisting of only the levator ani and coccygeus, while the \"floor\" also includes the perineal membrane and deep perineal pouch. However, other sources include the fascia as part of the diaphragm. In practice, the two terms are often used interchangeably. Inferiorly, the pelvic floor extends into the anal triangle." [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor] synonym: "diaphragm of the pelvis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor] synonym: "diaphragma pelvis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor] synonym: "muscle of pelvic floor" EXACT [FMA:64856] synonym: "pelvic diaphragm" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor] synonym: "pelvic diaphragm muscle" EXACT [FMA:64856] synonym: "pelvic floor muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor] synonym: "pelvic muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pelvic_floor] xref: FMA:64856 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Gray404.png xref: ncithesaurus:Pelvic_Floor_Muscle xref: SCTID:367748001 is_a: UBERON:0001325 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of pelvis [Term] id: UBERON:0008617 name: innermost intercostal muscle def: "The Innermost intercostal muscle is a layer of intercostal muscle beneath the intercostal nerves and internal intercostal muscles. These are divided into transversus thoracis anteriorly, lateral muscle slips laterally and subcostalis posteriorly." [Wikipedia:Innermost_intercostal_muscle] synonym: "musculus intercostalis intimus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Innermost_intercostal_muscle] synonym: "musculus intercostalis intimus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Innermost_intercostal_muscle] xref: FMA:9758 xref: SCTID:368054008 is_a: UBERON:0001111 {source="FMA"} ! intercostal muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 {notes="Inferior border of the rib above", source="dbpedia"} ! rib relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003727 {source="dbpedia"} ! intercostal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 {source="dbpedia", notes="Upper border of a rib"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0008618 name: subcostal muscle def: "The Subcostales (Infracostales) consist of muscular and aponeurotic fasciculi, which are usually well-developed only in the lower part of the thorax; each originates from the inner surface of one rib, and is inserted into the inner surface of the second or third rib above, near its angle. Their fibers run in the same direction as those of the Intercostales interni." [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle] synonym: "musculus subcostalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle] synonym: "subcostal muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle] synonym: "subcostales" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle] synonym: "subcostales muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle] synonym: "subcostales muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle] synonym: "subcostalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subcostalis_muscle] xref: FMA:9759 xref: SCTID:244914005 is_a: UBERON:0002426 {source="FMA"} ! chest muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 {notes="inner surface of the second or third rib below near its angle", source="dbpedia"} ! rib relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003727 {source="dbpedia"} ! intercostal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 {notes="inner surface of one rib", source="dbpedia"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0008622 name: scalenus anterior def: "The Scalenus anterior (Scalenus anticus), also known as anterior scalene muscle, lies deeply at the side of the neck, behind the Sternocleidomastoideus. It arises from the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrC&, and descending, almost vertically, is inserted by a narrow, flat tendon into the scalene tubercle on the inner border of the first rib, and into the ridge on the upper surface of the rib in front of the subclavian groove." [Wikipedia:Scalenus_anterior] synonym: "anterior scalene" EXACT [Wikipedia:Scalenus_anterior] synonym: "musculus scalenus anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Scalenus_anterior] synonym: "scalenus anterior muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalenus_anterior] synonym: "scalenus anticus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Scalenus_anterior] xref: FMA:13385 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Scalenus_anterior.png xref: SCTID:181742002 is_a: UBERON:0008611 {source="FMA"} ! scalene muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004601 {source="dbpedia"} ! rib 1 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002413 {source="dbpedia"} ! cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0008712 name: stylohyoid muscle def: "The stylohyoid muscle is a slender muscle, lying anterior, and superior of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. It shares this muscle's innervation by the facial nerve." [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle] synonym: "musculus stylohyoideus" RELATED [] synonym: "musculus stylohyoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle] synonym: "stylohyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle] synonym: "stylohyoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle] synonym: "stylohyoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle] synonym: "stylohyoideus muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_muscle] xref: FMA:9625 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Musculi_colli_stylohyoideus.svg xref: SCTID:244826001 is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0008571 {source="FMA"} ! suprahyoid muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003997 {source="dbpedia", notes="greater cornu of hyoid bone"} ! hyoid bone greater horn relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003960 {source="dbpedia"} ! styloid process of temporal bone property_value: external_definition "The stylohyoid is a pharyngeal arch II muscle that participates in oral/pharygeal behaviors and is innervated by the stylohoid branch of the facial nerve and attaches to the stylohyal.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008713 name: pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle xref: EHDAA2:0001421 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001422 is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0008715 name: muscle tissue of prostate synonym: "prostate gland muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "prostate muscle tissue" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] xref: ncithesaurus:Prostatic_Muscular_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 intersection_of: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0008716 name: hilum of kidney synonym: "renal hilum" EXACT [FMA:15610] xref: FMA:15610 xref: galen:HilumOfKidney xref: ncithesaurus:Hilar_Area_of_the_Kidney xref: SCTID:279370006 is_a: UBERON:0004885 ! hilum is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0004885 ! hilum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0008772 name: proximal epiphysis of tibia synonym: "head of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33113] synonym: "proximal end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33113] synonym: "upper end of tibia" EXACT [FMA:33113] xref: FMA:33113 xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Tibia xref: SCTID:302526005 is_a: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004383 ! epiphysis of tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0008775 name: proximal epiphysis of fibula synonym: "head of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33729] synonym: "proximal end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33729] synonym: "upper end of fibula" EXACT [FMA:33729] xref: FMA:33729 xref: galen:HeadOfFibula xref: ncithesaurus:Head_of_the_Fibula xref: SCTID:182080006 is_a: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis is_a: UBERON:0004388 ! epiphysis of fibula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001446 intersection_of: UBERON:0004380 ! proximal epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001446 ! fibula [Term] id: UBERON:0008776 name: inner cell mass derived hypoblast alt_id: UBERON:0000417 alt_id: UBERON:0003225 alt_id: UBERON:0003226 def: "The hypoblast is a tissue type that forms from the inner cell mass. It lies beneath the epiblast and consists of small cuboidal cells. Extraembryonic endoderm is derived from hypoblast." [Wikipedia:Hypoblast] comment: Note this inherits the taxon constraint to Theria; this may be too conservative subset: early_development synonym: "primary endoderm" RELATED [MP:0011185] synonym: "primitive endoderm" EXACT [ISBN:9780878932504, MP:0011185] synonym: "visceral endoderm" RELATED [ISBN:9780878932504] xref: BTO:0002123 xref: EHDAA2:0000796 xref: EHDAA:44 xref: EHDAA:79 xref: EMAPA:16051 xref: EMAPA:16063 xref: FMA:85520 is_a: UBERON:0000089 ! hypoblast (generic) relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000087 {source="Wikipedia"} ! inner cell mass property_value: SENSU "hypoblast" {xref="GO:0090008", xref="ISBN:9780878932504", xref="VHOG:0001222", has_synonym_type="RELATED"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008777 name: hypaxial musclulature def: "trunk muscles that lie ventral to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae." [Wikipedia:Epaxial_and_Hypaxial_muscles] synonym: "hypaxial muscle" RELATED [XAO:0003228] xref: AAO:0000228 xref: XAO:0003228 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004479 ! musculature of trunk relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003895 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003895 ! hypaxial myotome region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003895 ! hypaxial myotome region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001774 {source="XAO"} ! muscle of trunk property_value: external_definition "Trunk muscle that lies ventral to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000228", ontology="AAO", source="UBERON:0008777"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008778 name: epaxial musclulature def: "." [Wikipedia:Epaxial_and_Hypaxial_muscles] synonym: "epaxial muscle" EXACT [XAO:0003229] xref: AAO:0000142 xref: XAO:0003229 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004479 ! musculature of trunk relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003900 intersection_of: UBERON:0001015 ! musculature intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003900 ! epaxial myotome region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003900 ! epaxial myotome region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001774 {source="XAO"} ! muscle of trunk property_value: external_definition "Trunk muscles that lies dorsal to the horizontal septum.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000142", ontology="AAO", source="XAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008779 name: subclavius def: "The Subclavius is a small triangular muscle, placed between the clavicle and the first rib. Along with the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles, the subclavius muscle makes up the anterior wall of the axilla." [Wikipedia:Subclavius_muscle] synonym: "musculus subclavius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Subclavius_muscle] synonym: "subclavicular muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Subclavius_muscle] xref: FMA:13410 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Gray411subclavius.png xref: ncithesaurus:Subclavius is_a: UBERON:0001495 {source="FMA"} ! pectoral muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001105 {source="dbpedia", notes="subclavian groove of clavicle"} ! clavicle relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004601 {source="dbpedia"} ! rib 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0008780 name: inner cell mass derived epiblast subset: early_development synonym: "embryonic epiblast" RELATED [MP:0003886] xref: EHDAA2:0000444 xref: EHDAA:42 xref: EHDAA:75 xref: EMAPA:16050 xref: ncithesaurus:Epiblast is_a: UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000087 intersection_of: UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000087 ! inner cell mass relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000087 {source="Wikipedia"} ! inner cell mass relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000087 ! inner cell mass relationship: part_of UBERON:0000091 ! bilaminar disc [Term] id: UBERON:0008781 name: blastodisc derived epiblast comment: part of blastodisc in BTO; indirect development in ZFA: df DEL df deep blastomere isa blastomere po blastodisc subset: early_development xref: TAO:0000018 xref: ZFA:0000018 is_a: UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004749 intersection_of: UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0004749 ! blastodisc relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004749 {source="Wikipedia"} ! blastodisc relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004749 ! blastodisc relationship: part_of UBERON:0002541 {source="ZFA"} ! germ ring property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass embryonic structure (VSAO:0000178) CHANGED TO: develops_from embryonic structure (UBERON:0002050)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000018", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass embryonic structure (VSAO:0000178) CHANGED TO: part_of embryonic structure (UBERON:0002050)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000018", ontology="TAO"} property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 property_value: external_definition "The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000018", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008783 name: dorsal venous arch def: "The dorsal venous arch of the foot is a superficial vein that connects the small saphenous vein and the great saphenous vein. Anatomically, it is defined by where the dorsal veins of the first and fifth digit, respectively, meet the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein." [Wikipedia:Dorsal_venous_arch_of_the_foot] synonym: "arcus venosus dorsalis pedis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Dorsal_venous_arch_of_the_foot] synonym: "arcus venosus dorsalis pedis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Dorsal_venous_arch_of_the_foot] synonym: "dorsal venous arch of foot" EXACT [FMA:44356] xref: FMA:44356 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Gray581.png xref: MA:0002110 xref: SCTID:231189006 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="MA"} ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0008784 name: lower limb segment synonym: "free lower limb segment" EXACT [FMA:24877] synonym: "free lower limb subdivision" EXACT [FMA:24877] synonym: "segment of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24877] synonym: "subdivision of free lower limb" EXACT [FMA:24877] xref: FMA:24877 is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 intersection_of: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002103 ! hindlimb [Term] id: UBERON:0008785 name: upper limb segment synonym: "free upper limb segment" EXACT [FMA:24876] synonym: "free upper limb subdivision" EXACT [FMA:24876] synonym: "segment of free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24876] synonym: "subdivision of free upper limb" EXACT [FMA:24876] xref: FMA:24876 is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0008786 name: third trochanter def: "The upper part of the gluteal tuberosity is often elongated into a roughened crest, on which a more or less well-marked, rounded tubercle, the third trochanter, is occasionally developed." [Wikipedia:Third_trochanter] synonym: "trochanter tertius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Third_trochanter] xref: FMA:75824 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Third_trochanter-tweaked.png is_a: UBERON:0000980 {source="Wikipedia"} ! trochanter relationship: part_of UBERON:0004412 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0008787 name: fourth trochanter def: "a knob-like feature on the medial side of the femur that serves as a muscle attachment." [Wikipedia:Fourth_trochanter] comment: The fourth trochanter first appeared in the Erythrosuchidae, large basal archosaurian predators of the early Triassic period. This seemingly insignificant detail may have made the evolution of dinosaurs possible (all early dinosaurs and many later ones were bipeds), and may also be connected with the ability of the archosaurs or their immediate ancestors to survive the catastrophic Permian-Triassic extinction event[WP]. is_a: UBERON:0000980 {source="Wikipedia"} ! trochanter [Term] id: UBERON:0008788 name: posterior cranial fossa def: "The infratentorial compartment that contains the CEREBELLUM and BRAIN STEM. It is formed by the posterior third of the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid (SPHENOID BONE), by the occipital, the petrous, and mastoid portions of the TEMPORAL BONE, and the posterior inferior angle of the PARIETAL BONE." [MESH:A.01.456.830.200, Wikipedia:Posterior_cranial_fossa] synonym: "fossa cranii posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_cranial_fossa] synonym: "posterior fossa" BROAD [ncithesaurus:Posterior] xref: FMA:54368 xref: GAID:85 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Posterior_fossa.png xref: MESH:A.01.456.830.200 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Fossa is_a: UBERON:0008789 ! cranial fossa relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium [Term] id: UBERON:0008789 name: cranial fossa def: "any of the three large depressions in the posterior, middle, and anterior aspects of the floor of the cranial cavity" [http://mw1.merriam-webster.com/medical/cranial%20fossa] comment: editor note - todo - review the relationships for this and its subclasses; the relation should be bounded rather than part of, and contains should be used for the brain parts contained by the fossae is_a: UBERON:0004704 ! bone fossa relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 intersection_of: UBERON:0004704 ! bone fossa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003128 ! cranium [Term] id: UBERON:0008790 name: rugal fold def: "a ridge or fold, such as the rugae of the stomach, which are large folds in the mucous membrane of that organ." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Rugal+folds, Wikipedia:Rugae] synonym: "ruga" EXACT [Wikipedia:Rugae] synonym: "rugae" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Rugae] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0008791 name: rugal fold of stomach synonym: "gastric ruga" EXACT [FMA:15106] synonym: "gastric ruga(e)" RELATED [FMA:15106] synonym: "gastric rugae" EXACT [FMA:15106] synonym: "ruga of stomach" EXACT [FMA:15106] xref: FMA:15106 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastric_Rugae xref: SCTID:268518001 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008790 ! rugal fold relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0008790 ! rugal fold intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0008798 name: rugal fold of vagina synonym: "ruga of vagina" EXACT [FMA:19991] synonym: "vaginal ruga" EXACT [FMA:19991] xref: FMA:19991 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0008790 ! rugal fold relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0008790 ! rugal fold intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0008799 name: transverse palatine fold def: "a masticatory vestige on the hard palate; one of several irregular, sometimes branching, crests of soft tissue that radiate from the region of the incisive papillae at their most anterior parts and extend a slight distance backward, crossing the hard palate and reaching laterally for variable distances." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/transverse-palatine-fold.html] comment: note that this class refers to the singular and the FMA class refers to the set. In future this class may be split. synonym: "palatal rugae" EXACT [MP:0009652] synonym: "palatine fold" EXACT [FMA:75652] synonym: "palatine rugae" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:75652] synonym: "plica palatina transversa" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/transverse-palatine-fold.html] synonym: "plicae palatinae transversae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:75652, FMA:TA] synonym: "ruga of palate" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "ruga palatina" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/transverse-palatine-fold.html] synonym: "rugae of palate" EXACT PLURAL [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "rugae palatinae" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:75652, FMA:TA] synonym: "set of transverse palatine folds" RELATED [FMA:75652] synonym: "transverse palatine folds" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:75652] synonym: "transverse palatine folds set" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:75652] synonym: "transverse palatine ridge" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/transverse-palatine-fold.html] xref: FMA:75652 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008790 ! rugal fold is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 intersection_of: UBERON:0008790 ! rugal fold intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0008800 name: parietal endoderm def: "primitive endoderm-derived tissue that lines the luminal surface of the mural trophectoderm[MP]" [MP:0011187, PMID:19201946] synonym: "distal endoderm" RELATED [EMAPA:16053] xref: EMAPA:16053 is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008780 {source="MP"} ! inner cell mass derived epiblast [Term] id: UBERON:0008801 name: parotid gland primordium xref: EHDAA2:0001413 xref: EHDAA:9246 is_a: UBERON:0001048 {source="Obol"} ! primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0008802 name: cheek pouch def: "A pocketlike fold of skin in the cheeks of various animals, such as squirrels, gophers, and monkeys, that functions as a means of carrying food." [BTO:0002224] xref: BTO:0002224 xref: SCTID:31293007 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008803 ! skin of cheek relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 {source="BTO"} ! cheek [Term] id: UBERON:0008803 name: skin of cheek synonym: "cheek skin" EXACT [FMA:24759] xref: FMA:24759 xref: SCTID:181472009 is_a: UBERON:1000021 ! skin of face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek [Term] id: UBERON:0008804 name: stylopharyngeus muscle def: "The stylopharyngeus is a muscle in the head that stretches between the styloid process and the pharynx." [Wikipedia:Stylopharyngeus_muscle] synonym: "M. stylopharyngeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylopharyngeus_muscle] synonym: "musculus stylopharyngeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylopharyngeus_muscle] synonym: "musculus stylopharyngeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Stylopharyngeus_muscle] synonym: "stylopharyngeus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Stylopharyngeus_muscle] xref: FMA:46664 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Musculusstylopharyngeus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Stylopharyngeus xref: SCTID:244806000 is_a: UBERON:0000933 {source="FMA"} ! pharyngeal muscle is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003114 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch 3 relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001738 {source="dbpedia", notes="thyroid cartilage"} ! thyroid cartilage relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001649 {source="dbpedia"} ! glossopharyngeal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003960 {source="dbpedia"} ! styloid process of temporal bone property_value: external_definition "The stylopharyngeus is a pharyngeal arch III muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the n. to stylopharyngeus branch of the glossopharyngeal n. and attaches to the hyoid apparatus and the pharynx.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008805 name: gingival groove def: "The gingival sulcus is an area of potential space between a tooth and the surrounding gingival tissue and is lined by sulcular epithelium. The depth of the sulcus (Latin for groove) is bounded by two entities: apically by the gingival fibers of the connective tissue attachment and coronally by the free gingival margin." [Wikipedia:Gingival_sulcus] synonym: "gingival sulcus" EXACT [FMA:74580] synonym: "sulcus gingivalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "sulcus gingivalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gingival_sulcus] xref: FMA:74580 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gingival_sulcus.PNG xref: SCTID:245753001 is_a: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001091 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001828 intersection_of: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva [Term] id: UBERON:0008806 name: buccal funnel synonym: "suctorial disc" EXACT [] synonym: "suctorial disk" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000166 ! oral opening [Term] id: UBERON:0008807 name: coagulating gland synonym: "anterior prostate gland" EXACT [EMAPA:29794] synonym: "prostate gland anterior lobe" RELATED [MA:0000402] xref: BTO:0000265 xref: EMAPA:29794 xref: MA:0000402 xref: ncithesaurus:Coagulating_Gland xref: SCTID:78779004 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010147 ! male accessory sex gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 {source="EMAPA", not_supported_by="MA"} ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0008808 name: prostate gland dorsolateral lobe xref: MA:0001739 is_a: UBERON:0001328 {source="MA"} ! lobe of prostate [Term] id: UBERON:0008809 name: foramina of scarpa def: "In the maxilla, occasionally two additional canals are present in the middle line of the palatine process; they are termed the foramina of Scarpa, and when present transmit the nasopalatine nerves, the left passing through the anterior, and the right through the posterior canal." [Wikipedia:Foramina_of_Scarpa] synonym: "foramina of scarpa" RELATED [Wikipedia:Foramina_of_Scarpa] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Gray160.png xref: Wikipedia:Foramina_of_Scarpa is_a: UBERON:0011773 ! upper jaw opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0005871 ! palatine process of maxilla relationship: surrounds UBERON:0008810 ! nasopalatine nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008810 name: nasopalatine nerve def: "One branch of the posterior superior nasal branches (trigeminal, maxillary branch), longer and larger than the others, is named the nasopalatine nerve (sometimes called the long sphenopalatine nerve). It enters the nasal cavity through the sphenopalatine foramen, passes across the roof of the nasal cavity below the orifice of the sphenoidal sinus to reach the septum, and then runs obliquely downward and forward between the periosteum and mucous membrane of the lower part of the septum. It descends to the roof of the mouth through the incisive canal and communicates with the corresponding nerve of the opposite side and with the greater palatine nerve. It supplies the palatal structures around the upper central and lateral incisors and the canines (the upper front six teeth). It also furnishes a few filaments to the mucous membrane of the nasal septum. The medial superior posterior nasal branches of maxillary nerve usually branches from the nasopalatine nerve." [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve] synonym: "naso-palatine nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve] synonym: "nasopalatine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve] synonym: "nasopalatine nerves" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve] synonym: "nervus nasopalatinus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasopalatine_nerve] synonym: "Scarpa's nerve" EXACT [FMA:52797] xref: FMA:52797 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray858.png is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000377 {source="FMA"} ! maxillary nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0008811 name: intromittent organ def: "an external organ of a male organism that is specialized to deliver sperm during copulation. Intromittent organs are found most often in terrestrial species, as most aquatic species fertilize their eggs externally, although there are exceptions[WP]." [Wikipedia:Intromittent_organ] comment: this is a broad grouping class connecting a number of different analagous organs by their function. We place the insect aedeagus here rather than penis, although this is somewhat arbitrary given the broadness of the current definition subset: grouping_class subset: organ_slim synonym: "aedeagus" NARROW SENSU [FBbt:00004850] xref: AAO:0010255 xref: FBbt:00004850 xref: HAO:0000091 xref: TAO:0002036 xref: TGMA:0000585 is_a: UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is an external structure of a male organism through which sperm is transferred to a female organism during mating.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002036", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008812 name: hemipenis def: "one of a pair of intromittent organs of male squamates. Hemipenes are usually held inverted, within the body, and are everted for reproduction via erectile tissue like that in the human penis. Only one is used at a time, and some evidence indicates males alternate use between copulations. The hemipenis itself has a variety of shapes, depending on species. Often the hemipenis bears spines or hooks, in order to anchor the male within the female. Some species even have forked hemipenes (each hemipenis has two tips). Due to being everted and inverted, hemipenes do not have a completely enclosed channel for the conduction of sperm, but rather a seminal groove which seals as the erectile tissue expands" [Wikipedia:Hemipenis] subset: organ_slim synonym: "hemipenes" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Hemipenis] is_a: UBERON:0008811 {source="Wikipedia"} ! intromittent organ [Term] id: UBERON:0008813 name: helicotrema def: "The part of the cochlear labyrinth where the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli meet. It is the main component of the cochlear apex. The hair cells in this area best detect low frequency sounds." [Wikipedia:Helicotrema] synonym: "apex of cochlea" BROAD [Wikipedia:Cochlea] synonym: "cochlear apex" BROAD [Wikipedia:Cochlea] synonym: "Scarpa's orifice" EXACT [FMA:61275] xref: FMA:61275 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Gray923.png xref: ncithesaurus:Helicotrema xref: SCTID:279775003 is_a: UBERON:0000161 {source="FMA"} ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005744 ! cranial conduit is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002499 {source="Wikipedia"} ! cochlear labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0008814 name: pharyngeal system def: "A transient embryonic complex that is specific to vertebrates. It comprises the pharyngeal arches, bulges of tissues of mesoderm and neural crest derivation through which pass nerves and pharyngeal arch arteries. The arches are separated internally by pharyngeal pouches, evaginations of foregut endoderm, and externally by pharyngeal clefts, invaginations of surface ectoderm. The development of the system ends when the stucture it contributes to are forming: the thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, maxilla, mandible, aortic arch, cardiac outflow tract, external and middle ear." [GO:0060037, GOC:dph] synonym: "pharyngeal apparatus" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngeal arch region" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000187] synonym: "pharyngeal arches and clefts" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000187 xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Apparatus is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0008815 name: pharyngeal slit def: "filter-feeding organs found in non-vertebrate chordates (lancelets and tunicates) and hemichordates living in aquatic environments. These repeated segments are controlled by similar developmental mechanisms." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_slit] comment: Editor/Taxon notes: requires review. Kardong uses the term pharyngeal slit for Chondrichthyans subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7742 [Term] id: UBERON:0008816 name: embryonic head xref: FBbt:00000155 is_a: UBERON:0000033 ! head is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 intersection_of: UBERON:0000033 ! head intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0008817 name: thymus primordium endoderm is_a: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005562 intersection_of: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005562 ! thymus primordium relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0007124 {source="PMID:16313389"} ! pharyngeal pouch 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005562 ! thymus primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0008818 name: superior mediastinum def: "The superior mediastinum is that portion of the interpleural space which lies between the manubrium sterni in front, and the upper thoracic vertebrae behind." [Wikipedia:Superior_mediastinum] synonym: "mediastinum superius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_mediastinum] synonym: "superior mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9827] xref: FMA:9827 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mediastinum.png xref: ncithesaurus:Superior_Mediastinum xref: SCTID:362687003 is_a: UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0003728 {source="FMA"} ! mediastinum [Term] id: UBERON:0008819 name: inferior mediastinum def: "Anterior, middle and posterior mediastinum." [Wikipedia:Inferior_mediastinum] synonym: "inferior mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9828] xref: FMA:9828 xref: SCTID:243950006 is_a: UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001443 {source="FMA-propagated"} ! chest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003728 {source="FMA"} ! mediastinum [Term] id: UBERON:0008820 name: anterior mediastinum def: "The anterior mediastinum exists only on the left side where the left pleura diverges from the mid-sternal line. It is narrow, above, but widens out a little below." [Wikipedia:Anterior_mediastinum] synonym: "anterior mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9838] synonym: "mediastinum anterius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_mediastinum] xref: FMA:9838 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mediastinum.png xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Mediastinum xref: SCTID:261048003 is_a: UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0008819 {source="FMA"} ! inferior mediastinum [Term] id: UBERON:0008821 name: middle mediastinum def: "The middle mediastinum is the broadest part of the interpleural space. It is made up of the pericardial sac and its contents." [Wikipedia:Middle_mediastinum] synonym: "mediastinum medium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_mediastinum] synonym: "middle mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9839] xref: FMA:9839 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mediastinum.png xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Mediastinum xref: SCTID:362688008 is_a: UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0008819 {source="FMA"} ! inferior mediastinum [Term] id: UBERON:0008822 name: posterior mediastinum def: "The posterior mediastinum is an irregular triangular space running parallel with the vertebral column." [Wikipedia:Posterior_mediastinum] synonym: "mediastinum posterius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_mediastinum] synonym: "posterior mediastinal part of chest" EXACT [FMA:9840] xref: FMA:9840 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Mediastinum.png xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Mediastinum xref: SCTID:243957009 is_a: UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0008819 {source="FMA"} ! inferior mediastinum [Term] id: UBERON:0008823 name: neural tube derived brain comment: note that a reasoner should automatically classify all the vertebrate ontology brain classes here synonym: "vertebrate brain" NARROW [] is_a: UBERON:0000489 {source="ZFA"} ! cavitated compound organ is_a: UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001049 intersection_of: UBERON:0000955 ! brain intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001049 ! neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 {source="FMA"} ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0008824 name: duct of epididymis synonym: "epididymal duct" EXACT [MA:0001735] synonym: "epididymis duct" EXACT [FMA:18297] xref: FMA:18297 xref: MA:0001735 xref: ncithesaurus:Duct_of_the_Epididymis xref: SCTID:279623004 is_a: UBERON:0005904 ! duct of male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 {source="FMA"} ! epididymis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0008826 name: pulmonary surfactant def: "Secretion produced by Type 2 pulmonary alveolar cell." [FMA:62780] synonym: "alveolar surfactant" EXACT [FMA:62780] synonym: "lung surfactant" EXACT [MA:0002534] xref: FMA:62780 xref: MA:0002534 xref: ncithesaurus:Lung_Surfactant is_a: UBERON:0006538 {source="MA"} ! respiratory system fluid/secretion [Term] id: UBERON:0008827 name: forestomach def: "The mouse stomach contains two well-defined areas, a (nonglandular) forestomach and a glandular stomach, which are separated by the limiting ridge (margo plicatus)." [http://ctrgenpath.net/static/atlas/mousehistology/Windows/digestive/forestomach.html] xref: MA:0001606 xref: ncithesaurus:Forestomach is_a: UBERON:0011954 ! stomach non-glandular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 {source="MA"} ! stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0008828 name: presphenoid bone def: "The anterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone in front of the basisphenoid. It is usually a separate bone in the young or fetus, but becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult." [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Presphenoid+bone, Wikipedia:Ossification_of_sphenoid#Presphenoid] comment: todo - account for developmental change synonym: "presphenoidal bone" EXACT [SCTID:95949009] xref: MA:0001470 xref: SCTID:95949009 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 {source="MA"} ! neurocranium bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 {source="MA"} ! sphenoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003111 {source="Kardong"} ! sphenoid region [Term] id: UBERON:0008829 name: cerebellum external granule cell layer def: "transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells[MP]. The granule neurons migrate from the exterior layer to form an inner layer known as the internal granule layer. The external granular layer ceases to exist in the mature cerebellum, leaving only granule cells in the internal granule layer" [MP:0000874, Wikipedia:Anatomy_of_the_cerebellum#Development] xref: MA:0000994 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_797 is_a: UBERON:0002956 {source="MA"} ! granular layer of cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0008830 name: cerebellum internal granule cell layer xref: MA:0000995 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Granular_Layer_of_the_Cerebellum xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_790 is_a: UBERON:0002956 {source="MA"} ! granular layer of cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0008831 name: inner spiral sulcus def: "a concavity in the floor of the cochlear duct formed by the overhanging vestibular lip." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/inner-spiral-sulcus.html] comment: part_of spiral sulcus in MA synonym: "internal spiral sulcus" EXACT [MA:0001197] synonym: "sulcus spiralis internus" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/inner-spiral-sulcus.html] xref: FMA:77850 xref: MA:0001197 is_a: UBERON:0002277 {source="FMA"} ! spiral sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0008832 name: outer spiral sulcus def: "a concavity in the outer wall of the cochlear duct between the spiral prominence and the spiral organ." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/outer-spiral-sulcus.html] comment: part_of spiral sulcus in MA synonym: "external spiral sulcus" EXACT [MA:0001196] synonym: "sulcus spiralis externus" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/outer-spiral-sulcus.html] xref: FMA:77851 xref: MA:0001196 is_a: UBERON:0002277 {source="FMA"} ! spiral sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0008833 name: great auricular nerve def: "The great auricular nerve originates from the cervical plexus, composed of branches of spinal nerves C2 and C3. It provides sensory innervation for the skin over parotid gland and mastoid process, and both surfaces of the outer ear." [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve] comment: todo - check MA grouping; in MA this is part_of pinna - should this be a different relationship? synonym: "auricular nerve" EXACT [MA:0001232] synonym: "great auricular" RELATED [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve] synonym: "greater auricular nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve] synonym: "nervus auricularis magnus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve] xref: FMA:6872 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray805.png xref: MA:0001232 xref: SCTID:181110003 xref: Wikipedia:Great_auricular_nerve is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="FMA"} ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0003725 {source="FMA"} ! cervical plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0008834 name: prostomium def: "The first body segment in annelids worms. It is in front of (but does not include) the mouth, being usually a small shelf- or lip-like extension over the dorsal side of the mouth. It sometimes bears antennae and eyes. By feeding, it often functions like a kind of overlip. The shape and composition of prostomium are important for annelid systematics." [Wikipedia:Prostomium] synonym: "acron" RELATED [BTO:0004198] xref: BTO:0004198 is_a: UBERON:0000914 ! organismal segment [Term] id: UBERON:0008835 name: hepatic diverticulum def: "The first morphological sign of the embryonic liver is the formation of the hepatic diverticulum, an out-pocket of thickened ventral foregut epithelium adjacent to the developing heart. The anterior portion of the hepatic diverticulum gives rise to the liver and intrahepatic biliary tree, while the posterior portion forms the gall bladder and extrahepatic bile duct." [http://www.stembook.org/node/512, Wikipedia:Hepatic_diverticulum] synonym: "diverticulum hepaticum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hepatic_diverticulum] synonym: "liver diverticulum" EXACT [XAO:0000101] xref: AAO:0011057 xref: EHDAA2:0000740 xref: EHDAA:1530 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Gray1088.png xref: ncithesaurus:Hepatic_Diverticulum xref: XAO:0000101 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007499 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial sac is_a: UBERON:0009497 ! epithelium of foregut-midgut junction is_a: UBERON:0009854 ! digestive tract diverticulum relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003894 {source="EHDAA2"} ! liver primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 {source="EHDAA2"} ! foregut-midgut junction [Term] id: UBERON:0008836 name: liver bud xref: BTO:0001642 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008835 {source="http://www.stembook.org/node/512"} ! hepatic diverticulum [Term] id: UBERON:0008837 name: palmar/plantar part of autopod is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0008838 name: autopod pad synonym: "digital pad" RELATED [EMAPA:18489] synonym: "digital pads" RELATED PLURAL [EMAPA:18489] is_a: UBERON:0001419 ! skin of limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0008839 name: palmar pad comment: note that the EMAPA term refers to the plural synonym: "palmar pads" RELATED PLURAL [EMAPA:18489] xref: EMAPA:18489 is_a: UBERON:0001519 ! skin of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001519 {source="EMAPA"} ! skin of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0008878 {source="cjm"} ! palmar part of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0008840 name: plantar pad synonym: "plantar pads" RELATED PLURAL [EMAPA:18507] xref: EMAPA:18507 is_a: UBERON:0001513 ! skin of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001513 {source="EMAPA"} ! skin of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0008338 {source="cjm"} ! plantar part of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0008841 name: suspensory ligament def: "A ligament that supports a body part, especially an organ." [Wikipedia:Cooper%27s_ligaments_of_penis] is_a: UBERON:0008845 ! nonskeletal ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0008842 name: suspensory ligament of testis def: "The cranial atrophic portion of the urogenital ridge attached to the cranial pole of the intraabdominal embryonic testis" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=49790, Wikipedia:Scrotal_ligament] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0008841 {source="Obol"} ! suspensory ligament relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000473 intersection_of: UBERON:0008841 ! suspensory ligament intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: part_of UBERON:0004876 {source="Obol"} ! urogenital ridge [Term] id: UBERON:0008843 name: gubernaculum testis def: "The fetal ligament attached to the inferior end of the epididymis and testis and, at its other end, to the bottom of the scrotum; it is present during, and is thought to guide, the descent of the testis into the scrotum and then atrophies." [BTO:0002813] comment: The upper part of the gubernaculum degenerates; The lower part persists as the gubernaculum testis ("scrotal ligament"). This ligament secures the testis to the most inferior portion of the scrotum, tethering it in place and limiting the degree to which the testis can move within the scrotum[WP] synonym: "Hunter's gubernaculum" RELATED [BTO:0002813] xref: BTO:0002813 xref: EMAPA:19089 xref: FMA:20421 xref: SCTID:299983007 is_a: UBERON:0004346 ! gubernaculum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 intersection_of: UBERON:0004346 ! gubernaculum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0008844 name: gubernaculum (female) comment: The upper part of the gubernaculum, together with the ovarian artery and vein form the suspensory ligament of the ovary,[1] which suspends the ovary from the pelvic wall.; The lower gubernaculum has two vestigial remnants in females, the ovarian ligament and the round ligament of the uterus (ligamentum teres uteri) which respectively serve to support the ovaries and uterus in the pelvis is_a: UBERON:0004346 ! gubernaculum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 intersection_of: UBERON:0004346 ! gubernaculum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0008845 name: nonskeletal ligament def: "Ligament organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi which may be admixed with smooth muscle. Examples: ligament of liver, ovarian ligament." [FMA:25625] xref: FMA:25625 xref: MA:0003004 xref: SCTID:410746001 is_a: UBERON:0000211 {source="FMA"} ! ligament disjoint_from: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0008846 name: skeletal ligament def: "Ligament organ that primarily consists of regular dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi; connects bone and cartilage organs. Examples: sutural ligament, ligament of pinna, tarsal ligament." [FMA:25624, Wikipedia:Ligament#Articular_ligaments] comment: Editor notes: logical definition deliberately made strict to avoid classifying MA:spiral ligament as both nonskeletal and skeletal. see https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=76834&atid=1205376 synonym: "articular larua" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ligament] synonym: "articular ligament" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ligament] synonym: "fibrous ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ligament] synonym: "ligament" BROAD [VSAO:0000072, ZFA:0001675] synonym: "true ligament" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ligament] xref: AAO:0010444 xref: AEO:0000090 xref: EHDAA2:0003232 xref: EV:0100144 xref: FMA:25624 xref: GAID:118 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Knee_diagram.svg/200px-Knee_diagram.svg.png xref: MA:0003005 xref: MESH:A.02.513 xref: SCTID:410744003 xref: VSAO:0000072 is_a: UBERON:0000211 {source="FMA"} ! ligament relationship: connects UBERON:0004765 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 intersection_of: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system relationship: connects UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element relationship: connects UBERON:0004765 {notes="bones or cartilage organs"} ! skeletal element relationship: part_of UBERON:0001434 ! skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements or supporting an organ.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000072", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008847 name: ovarian ligament def: "a fibrous ligament that connects the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus." [Wikipedia:Ovarian_ligament] comment: The ligament runs in the broad ligament of the uterus, which is a fold of peritoneum rather than a fibrous ligament. Specifically, it is located in the parametrium synonym: "ligament of ovary" EXACT [FMA:55422] synonym: "ligamentum ovarii proprium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "proper ovarian ligament" EXACT [FMA:55422] xref: FMA:55422 xref: SCTID:279915004 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0008845 {source="FMA"} ! nonskeletal ligament relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004346 {source="Wikipedia"} ! gubernaculum [Term] id: UBERON:0008848 name: cranial suspensory ligament def: "Connects the cranial tip of the future gonad to the dorsocranial abdominal cavity." [] comment: todo - check - add cranial ovarian susp ligaments xref: EMAPA:30068 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0008841 {source="Obol"} ! suspensory ligament relationship: part_of UBERON:0003135 {source="EMAPA"} ! male reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0008851 name: ectoplacental cavity def: "closed space within the ectoplacental cone, formed by the fusion of the parts of the amniotic fold that separate it from the amniotic cavity[MP]. a developmental cavity that exists in some mammals and is derived by division of the proamniotic space; it is further removed from the embryo than the amniotic cavity in some mammals" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=epamniotic+cavity, MP:0011207] synonym: "epamniotic cavity" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=epamniotic+cavity] xref: EMAPA:16080 is_a: UBERON:0002553 {source="EMAPA"} ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0004364 ! ectoplacental cone [Term] id: UBERON:0008852 name: visceral yolk sac def: "extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo; the yolk that it contains is the site of embryonic hematopoiesis and vitelline circulation is involved in early embryonic circulation; it is the origin of the primordial germ cells" [MP:0001718] comment: TODO - check synonym: "secondary yolk sac" EXACT [MP:0001718] synonym: "umbilical vesicle" EXACT [MP:0001718] synonym: "vitelline sac" EXACT [MP:0001718] synonym: "yolk sac" BROAD [MP:0001718] is_a: UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0008853 name: parietal yolk sac def: "tissue that consists of two cellular layers (parietal endoderm and trophoblast) separated by a relatively thick nonvascular basement membrane (Reichert's membrane), and acts as a protective layer to supports and facilitates transport of nutrients between the uterine tissue and the yolk sac cavity." [MP:0011203, PMID:1150659, PMID:21123814] synonym: "primary yolk sac" EXACT [MP:0011203] xref: EHDAA2:0003237 is_a: UBERON:0001040 ! yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0008854 name: root of molar tooth def: "the part of a molar tooth that is implanted in the gum; mandibular and maxillary molars usually have two and three roots, respectively." [MP:0011165] synonym: "molar root" EXACT [FMA:85302] synonym: "molar tooth root" EXACT [FMA:85302] xref: FMA:85302 is_a: UBERON:0003677 {source="FMA"} ! tooth root relationship: part_of UBERON:0003655 intersection_of: UBERON:0003677 ! tooth root intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth relationship: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0008855 name: placenta metrial gland def: "group of granular epithelial cells in the uterine muscle beneath the placenta that develops during pregnancy in rodents and some other species." [MP:0010777] subset: organ_slim xref: MA:0001723 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005398 ! female reproductive gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002450 {source="MP"} ! decidua property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9443 {source="MP:0010777"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008856 name: stomach muscularis externa def: "the smooth muscle layer of the stomach wall that functions to churn and mix food and gastric secretions as well as to move food along the digestive tract to the intestines" [MP:0010779] comment: todo - logical def synonym: "gastric muscularis" EXACT [FMA:14909] synonym: "muscle layer of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14909] synonym: "muscularis externa of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14909] synonym: "tunica muscularis (gaster)" EXACT [FMA:14909] synonym: "tunica muscularis gastris" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14909 xref: SCTID:362132003 is_a: UBERON:0004222 ! stomach smooth muscle is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 ! wall of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001167 {source="FMA"} ! wall of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0008857 name: stomach smooth muscle circular layer def: "the middle layer of the muscularis; it is continuous with the circular layer of the esophagus, but is absent in the fundus and lies concentric to the longitudinal axis of the stomach; the circular layer is normally tonically constricted forming a functional pyloric sphincter, which controls the movement of chyme into the duodenum" [MP:0010780] comment: todo - check synonym: "circular layer of gastric muscularis" EXACT [FMA:14911] synonym: "circular muscle layer of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14911] synonym: "stratum circulare (tunica muscularis)(gaster)" EXACT [FMA:14911] synonym: "stratum circulare gastris" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14911 xref: MA:0001628 xref: SCTID:2746007 is_a: UBERON:0004222 ! stomach smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0008856 ! stomach muscularis externa [Term] id: UBERON:0008858 name: pyloric canal def: "the short narrow part of the stomach extending from the pyloric antrum to the pyloric sphincter" [MP:0010791, Wikipedia:Pyloric_canal] synonym: "canalis pyloricus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pyloric_canal] synonym: "canalis pyloricus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pyloric_canal] xref: FMA:14580 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Illu_stomach.jpg xref: SCTID:245417002 is_a: UBERON:0009870 {source="FMA"} ! zone of stomach relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001165 ! pyloric antrum relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001202 ! pyloric sphincter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pylorus [Term] id: UBERON:0008859 name: cardiac gastric gland def: "the gastric glands in the cardiac region of the stomach; cardiac glands are fewer in number than in the fundus and body, and secrete mucin which coats the stomach and protects it" [MP:0010795] comment: Consistency note: Kardong places this in the glandular epithelium, FMA in the mucosa subset: organ_slim synonym: "cardiac gland" RELATED [FMA:14920] synonym: "gardiac gland" EXACT [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "gastric cardiac gland" EXACT [FMA:14920] synonym: "gastric gland of cardia" EXACT [FMA:14920] synonym: "glandula cardiaca (gaster)" EXACT [FMA:14920] xref: FMA:14920 xref: SCTID:8894005 is_a: UBERON:0000325 ! gastric gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001162 intersection_of: UBERON:0000325 ! gastric gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001162 ! cardia of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001162 ! cardia of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0004996 {source="FMA"} ! mucosa of cardia of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0008860 name: intermediate gastric gland def: "any of the branched tubular glands in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach that secrete most of the digestive substances secreted by the stomach" [MP:0010796] comment: check me is_a: UBERON:0010038 ! fundic gastric gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 {source="MP"} ! fundus of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0008861 name: pyloric gastric gland def: "the gastric glands in the pyloric region of the stomach; the pyloric glands secrete mucin, which coats the stomach and protects it, and hormones such as gastrin and enkephalin[MP]." [MP:0010797, Wikipedia:Pyloric_gland] comment: Editors note: check relationship to pylorus vs antrum synonym: "glandula pylorica" EXACT [FMA:14922] synonym: "pyloric antrum gland" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "pyloric gland" EXACT [FMA:14922] xref: FMA:14922 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/Gray1054.png xref: ncithesaurus:Pyloric_Gland xref: SCTID:70710007 is_a: UBERON:0000325 ! gastric gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 intersection_of: UBERON:0000325 ! gastric gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004998 ! mucosa of pylorus [Term] id: UBERON:0008862 name: stomach smooth muscle inner oblique layer def: "the innermost layer of the muscularis; it is not present in all sections of the stomach but is clearly seen in the fundus and near the lesser curvature of the corpus; the oblique fibers disappear distally (towards the pyloric antrum); the oblique layer is responsible for creating the motion that churns and physically breaks down the food" [MP:0010804] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0008856 ! stomach muscularis externa [Term] id: UBERON:0008863 name: stomach smooth muscle outer longitudinal layer def: "the most superficial layer of the muscularis; it has two sections, a longitudinal layer that is common with the esophagus and ends in the corpus, and a longitudinal layer that originates in the corpus and spreads into the duodenum" [MP:0010805] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0008856 ! stomach muscularis externa [Term] id: UBERON:0008866 name: enamel knot def: "a transient cluster of cells in the central part of the dental epithelium facing the dental mesenchyme, which acts as an organizing center, providing positional information for tooth morphogenesis and regulating the growth of tooth cusps" [MP:0010864] is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003843 ! dental epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005176 {source="MP"} ! tooth enamel organ [Term] id: UBERON:0008867 name: trabecular network of bone def: "the network of intersecting plates and spicules in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces filled with blood vessels and marrow; in mature bone, the trabeculae are aligned in parallel with the lines of major compressive or tensile force" [MP:0010867] comment: Editor note: consider revision - we have 3 classes, the tissue itself, the network, and the spaces. synonym: "bone trabecula" RELATED [MP:0010867] synonym: "bone trabeculae" RELATED [MP:0010867] xref: MP:0010867 xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_Trabeculae is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002483 {source="MP"} ! trabecular bone tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0008870 name: pulmonary alveolar parenchyma def: "the distinguishing cell types of the lung alveolar tissue, including pulmonary epithelial cells (pneumocytes), alveolar capillary endothelial cells, interstitial cells (fibroblasts) and alveolar macrophages" [MP:0010901] is_a: UBERON:0008946 ! lung parenchyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008872 name: pulmonary alveolus wall def: "." [MP:0010903] is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008873 name: alveolar pore def: "the openings in the alveolar septum that permit air flow between adjacent alveoli" [MP:0010904] is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002299 ! alveolus of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008874 name: pulmonary acinus def: "the part of the airway consisting of a respiratory bronchiole and all of its branches" [MP:0010911, Wikipedia:Acinus#The_Lungs] synonym: "primary pulmonary lobule" EXACT [FMA:7313] xref: FMA:7313 xref: ncithesaurus:Pulmonary_Acinus xref: SCTID:361365004 is_a: UBERON:0010368 {source="FMA"} ! pulmonary lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008875 name: hypodermis fat layer def: "the superficial portion of the subcutaneous tissue which is specialized for fat storage" [MP:0011156] is_a: UBERON:0002190 {source="MP"} ! subcutaneous adipose tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis [Term] id: UBERON:0008876 name: hypodermis muscle layer def: "the skeletal muscle layer in the superficial fascia" [MP:0011157] is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002190 {source="MP"} ! subcutaneous adipose tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0008877 name: epidermal-dermal junction def: "the multi-layer basement membrane between the dermis and epidermis that serves to adhere the dermis and epidermis, provide mechanical support for the epidermis, and forms a barrier to cells and large molecules across the junction" [MP:0011159] synonym: "dermal-epidermal junction" EXACT [FMA:70963] synonym: "dermoepidermal junction" EXACT [FMA:70963] xref: FMA:70963 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000014 {source="MP"} ! zone of skin [Term] id: UBERON:0008878 name: palmar part of manus synonym: "front of hand" EXACT [FMA:24920] synonym: "palm" EXACT [FMA:24920] synonym: "palm of hand" EXACT [FMA:24920] synonym: "palmar region" EXACT [FMA:24920] synonym: "regio palmaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:24920 xref: galen:Palm xref: ncithesaurus:Palmar_Region is_a: UBERON:0005451 {source="FMA"} ! segment of manus is_a: UBERON:0008837 ! palmar/plantar part of autopod [Term] id: UBERON:0008879 name: ligament of pinna comment: subclasses (anterior, superior, posterior) can be added on request synonym: "auricular ligament" EXACT [MA:0001228] synonym: "ligament of auricle" EXACT [FMA:61035] synonym: "pinna ligament" EXACT [FMA:61035] xref: FMA:61035 xref: MA:0001228 xref: SCTID:362548009 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0008846 {source="FMA"} ! skeletal ligament relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 {source="MA"} ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0008880 name: annelid pygidium def: "Rearmost segment of annelid worms." [Wikipedia:Annelid#Segmentation] is_a: UBERON:0000914 ! organismal segment [Term] id: UBERON:0008881 name: rostral migratory stream def: "Unique telencephalic subventricular zones that extend from the lateral ventricles into the olfactory bulbs. Newly produced GABAergic interneurons migrate along the RMS and settle in the bulb[NIF]. In rodents, the anterior region of the SVZ produces neuroblasts that migrate in chain toward the olfactory bulb along the so-called rostral migratory stream (RMS)[BTO]. the transient structure formed by neurons migrating from the subventricular zone into the olfactory bulbs[MP] he rostral migratory stream (RMS) or rostral migratory pathway is a pathway, found in the brain of some animals, along which neuronal precursors that originated in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the brain migrate to reach the main olfactory bulb, where they differentiate into interneurons. Neurogenesis has been shown to occur in the SVZ into adulthood[WP]" [[Wikipedia:Rostral_migratory_stream, MP:0004279, NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1702, PMID:12453055] synonym: "RMS" RELATED [BTO:0003412] synonym: "rostral migratory pathway" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rostral_migratory_stream] xref: BTO:0003412 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1702 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002264 {source="MP-modified"} ! olfactory bulb relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 {source="BTO"} ! frontal cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 {source="BTO"} ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0008882 name: spinal cord commissure def: "The nerve fiber tracts that span the midline of the spinal cord" [MP:0009694] is_a: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure is_a: UBERON:0007699 ! tract of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0008883 name: osteoid def: "Bone tissue that is an unmineralized bone matrix deposited by osteoblasts prior to the mineralization of bone tissue" [VSAO:0000046, Wikipedia:Osteoid] comment: AO notes: Note that in VSAO this was classified both as tissue and acellular extracellular matrix. Consider also the AEO class 'bone condensation'. is_a intercellular matrix in FMA. synonym: "pre-bone" EXACT [PSPUB:0000170] synonym: "prebone" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "prebone tissue" EXACT [FMA:66830] xref: FMA:66830 xref: galen:Osteoid xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Active_osteoblasts.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Osteoid xref: SCTID:39365008 xref: VSAO:0000046 xref: XAO:0004035 is_a: UBERON:0002481 {source="VSAO"} ! bone tissue property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass proteinaceous extracellular matrix (VSAO:0000021)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000046", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: external_definition "Bone tissue that is an unmineralized bone matrix deposited by osteoblasts prior to the mineralization of bone tissue.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000046", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034", source="PSPUB:0000170"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008884 name: left putamen xref: FMA:72829 is_a: UBERON:0001874 ! putamen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 intersection_of: UBERON:0001874 ! putamen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002812 ! left cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0008885 name: right putamen xref: FMA:72828 is_a: UBERON:0001874 ! putamen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 intersection_of: UBERON:0001874 ! putamen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere relationship: part_of UBERON:0002813 ! right cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0008886 name: pulmonary vascular system def: "Subdivision of cardiovascular system which has as its parts the pulmonary arterial and venous tree organs." [FMA:45621, Wikipedia:Pulmonary_circulation] synonym: "pulmonary circulatory system" EXACT [FMA:45621] xref: FMA:45621 is_a: UBERON:0007798 {source="Obol"} ! vascular system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004535 {source="FMA"} ! cardiovascular system [Term] id: UBERON:0008887 name: rectal venous plexus def: "The hemorrhoidal plexus (or rectal venous plexus) surrounds the rectum, and communicates in front with the vesical venous plexus in the male, and the uterovaginal plexus in the female. A free communication between the portal and systemic venous systems is established through the hemorrhoidal plexus." [Wikipedia:Rectal_venous_plexus] synonym: "haemorrhoidal plexus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectal_venous_plexus] synonym: "hemorrhoidal plexus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Rectal_venous_plexus] synonym: "plexus venosus rectalis, plexus haemorrhoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Rectal_venous_plexus] xref: FMA:18933 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Gray587.png xref: ncithesaurus:Hemorrhoidal_Plexus xref: SCTID:303051005 is_a: UBERON:0001593 {source="FMA"} ! venous plexus relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001052 intersection_of: UBERON:0001593 ! venous plexus intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0001052 ! rectum relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001052 ! rectum [Term] id: UBERON:0008888 name: vesical venous plexus def: "The vesical plexus envelops the lower part of the bladder and the base of the prostate and communicates with the pudendal and prostatic plexuses. It is drained, by means of several vesical veins, into the hypogastric veins." [Wikipedia:Vesical_venous_plexus] synonym: "plexus venosus vesicalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vesical_venous_plexus] xref: FMA:18934 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png xref: SCTID:31510008 is_a: UBERON:0001593 {source="FMA"} ! venous plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0008889 name: uterine venous plexus def: "The uterine plexuses lie along the sides and superior angles of the uterus between the two layers of the broad ligament, and communicate with the ovarian and vaginal plexuses. They are drained by a pair of uterine veins on either side: these arise from the lower part of the plexuses, opposite the external orifice of the uterus, and open into the corresponding hypogastric vein." [Wikipedia:Uterine_venous_plexus] synonym: "plexus venosus uterinus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uterine_venous_plexus] synonym: "uterine plexus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Uterine_venous_plexus] xref: FMA:29712 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Gray589.png xref: SCTID:294553007 is_a: UBERON:0001593 {source="FMA"} ! venous plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0008891 name: external gill def: "External gills are the gills of an animal, most typically an amphibian, that are exposed to the environment, rather than set inside the pharynx and covered by gill slits, as they are in most fishes." [BTO:0004689] xref: AAO:0010174 xref: BTO:0004689 xref: XAO:0000120 is_a: UBERON:0002535 {source="BTO"} ! gill [Term] id: UBERON:0008892 name: internal gill xref: AAO:0010176 is_a: UBERON:0002535 {source="AAO"} ! gill [Term] id: UBERON:0008894 name: gill precursor def: "A primordium or bud that develops into a gill." [] synonym: "gill primordium" EXACT [XAO:0000448] synonym: "internal gill bud" EXACT [ZFA:0001107] xref: TAO:0001107 xref: XAO:0000448 xref: ZFA:0001107 is_a: UBERON:0001048 {source="XAO"} ! primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003114 {source="XAO"} ! pharyngeal arch 3 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003115 {source="XAO"} ! pharyngeal arch 4 relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004117 {source="ZFA"} ! pharyngeal pouch [Term] id: UBERON:0008895 name: splanchnocranium def: "Subdivision of endoskeleton derived from pharyngeal arches" [ISBN10:0073040584, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton] comment: AO notes: VSAO labels this term 'pharyngeal arch' (2012-06-01) - however, it clearly means pharyngeal arch skeleton. Editor/AO notes: many sources define this as the part of the endoskeletal that is from pharyngeal arches - this would make it part-disjoint from dermatocranium. However, there are many bones in AOs that have part-paths to both synonym: "branchial arch skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "gill arch skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "pharyngeal arch" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0000149] synonym: "pharyngeal arch skeleton" RELATED [ZFA:0001216] synonym: "pharyngeal skeleton" RELATED [ZFA:0001216] synonym: "visceral skeleton" RELATED [UBERONREF:0000007] synonym: "viscerocranium" EXACT INCONSISTENT [VHOG:0000315, Wikipedia:Viscerocranium, ZFA:0001216] xref: AAO:0010157 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg/200px-Illu_facial_bones.jpg xref: TAO:0001216 xref: VHOG:0000315 xref: VSAO:0000149 xref: XAO:0003176 xref: ZFA:0001216 is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011159 ! primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system disjoint_from: UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003099 {source="PMID:11237469", notes="redundant", source="Grays"} ! cranial neural crest relationship: overlaps UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid and branchial arches.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001216", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid, and branchial arches.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010157", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "The part of the skull derived from the embryonic pharyngeal arches. [Biology_Online][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000315", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "The skull of ancestral tetrapods has the three basic components that we have been considering: (1) chondrocranium, (2) splanchnocranium, and (3) dermatocranium (reference 1); Each part of the skull arises from a separate phylogenetic source. The most ancient part is the splanchnocranium (visceral cranium), which first arose to support pharyngeal slits in protochordates (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000315", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.242, ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.235", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008896 name: post-hyoid pharyngeal arch def: "A pharyngeal arch that is posterior to the hyoid arch. i.e. any pharyngeal arch with a number 3 or higher." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "branchial arch" EXACT [ZFA:0001613] synonym: "branchial arches" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001613] synonym: "branchial bar" EXACT [ZFA:0001613] synonym: "branchial bars" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001613] synonym: "gill arch" EXACT [ZFA:0001613] synonym: "gill arches 1-5" EXACT [ZFA:0001613] synonym: "pharyngeal arch 3-7" EXACT [ZFA:0001613] synonym: "visceral arches 3-7" EXACT [ZFA:0001613] xref: AAO:0010362 xref: BTO:0002152 xref: SCTID:308766004 xref: TAO:0001597 xref: XAO:0000099 xref: ZFA:0001613 is_a: UBERON:0002539 {source="ZFA"} ! pharyngeal arch property_value: external_definition "Posterior-most stream of cranial neural crest, which sub-divides during migration.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010362", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008897 name: fin def: "An external membranous process of an aquatic animal as a fish used in propelling or guiding the body." [BTO:0004649, Wikipedia:Fin] xref: AAO:0010374 xref: BTO:0004649 xref: EFO:0000875 xref: MAT:0000087 xref: MESH:A13.077 xref: MIAA:0000087 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjcBZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:73003005 xref: TAO:0000108 xref: VSAO:0000099 xref: XAO:0000002 xref: ZFA:0000108 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure property_value: external_definition "Surface structure involved in locomotion.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000108", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Surface structure involved in locomotion.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000099", ontology="VSAO", source="TAO:curator"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8782 [Term] id: UBERON:0008902 name: lateral recess of third vetricle def: "Lateral protrusion of the third ventricle." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "lateral recess" BROAD PLURAL [ZFA:0000231] synonym: "lateral recess of diencephalic ventricle" EXACT [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-091221-27] xref: TAO:0000231 xref: ZFA:0000231 is_a: UBERON:0000464 {source="ZFA"} ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002286 {source="ZFA"} ! third ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0008904 name: neuromast def: "Volcano-shaped lateral line sensory organ located in characteristic positions within the skin epithelium and containing hair cells and their support elements. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)" [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576] synonym: "cyatocïde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000243] synonym: "lateral line neuromast" EXACT [ZFA:0000243] synonym: "lateral line organ" EXACT [ZFA:0000243] synonym: "neuromaste superficiel@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000243] synonym: "neuromasts" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000243] xref: AAO:0001004 xref: TAO:0000243 xref: ZFA:0000243 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="ZFA"} ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010202 ! lateral line property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001004", ontology="AAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass lateral line receptor (AAO:0010705)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001004", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Type of mechanoreceptive organ of the lateral line which are arranged in lines on the body surface. These organs are constituted by hair cells and supporting cells and it is located in the epidermis with its hair cells exposed to the surface. Absent in some caecilians. These receptors receive afferent and efferent innervations.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001004", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Volcano-shaped lateral line sensory organ located in characteristic positions within the skin epithelium and containing hair cells and their support elements. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000243", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008906 name: lateral line nerve def: "Cranial nerves that carry afferent and efferent fibers for the lateral line system." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "lateral line nerves" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001479] xref: AAO:0010077 xref: TAO:0001479 xref: ZFA:0001479 is_a: UBERON:0001785 {source="AAO"} ! cranial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009128 {source="NBK53175"} ! lateral line placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 {source="ZFA"} ! lateral line system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: innervates lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010077", ontology="AAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: part_of_proxy lateral line system (AAO:0000975) CHANGED TO: part_of lateral line system (UBERON:0002540)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010077", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Any of the sensory nerves that innervate mechano- and electroreceptors of the lateral line system. The lateral line nerves may be separated in two components, anterior and posterior, in relation to the position of its roots with respect to the otic capsule. These nerves develop from lateral line placodes.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010077", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:SIQ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008907 name: dermal bone def: "Skeletal element that forms superficially in the organism, usually in association with the ectoderm." [VSAO:0000130, VSAO:curator] comment: Note that other AOs are not yet in sync with this classification xref: AAO:0010769 xref: TAO:0001590 xref: VSAO:0000130 xref: XAO:0004015 xref: ZFA:0001590 is_a: UBERON:0007842 {source="VSAO"} ! membrane bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010364 intersection_of: UBERON:0007842 ! membrane bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010364 ! dermal skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0010364 ! dermal skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0010364 {source="VSAO"} ! dermal skeleton property_value: external_definition "Intramembranous bone that forms superficially in the organism.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001590", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008909 name: perichordal bone def: "Bone element that is adjacent to the notochord." [VSAO:0000307] comment: Editor notes: We go with the latest VSAO in making this a subtype of bone, and add a logical definition based on the textual definition in VSAO. We also include the subtyping under 'replacement bone', for consistency with ZFA synonym: "perichordal bone" RELATED [ZFA:0001629] synonym: "perichordal bones" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001629] xref: AAO:0010777 xref: TAO:0001639 xref: VSAO:0000307 xref: ZFA:0001629 is_a: UBERON:0012075 {notes="not in VSAO", source="ZFA"} ! replacement bone relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002328 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0002328 ! notochord disjoint_from: UBERON:0008913 ! perichondral bone relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002328 ! notochord property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that forms within the connective tissue surrounding the notochord.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001639", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008911 name: chondral bone def: "Replacement bone that forms within or surrounding a cartilaginous skeletal element." [zfin:curator] comment: This class was introduced to be consistent with the ZFA hierarchy. The term was never introduced into VSAO. xref: AAO:0010774 xref: ZFA:0001693 is_a: UBERON:0012075 {source="ZFA"} ! replacement bone [Term] id: UBERON:0008913 name: perichondral bone def: "Bone element that is located on the surface of a cartilage element." [VSAO:0000308] comment: include the subtyping under 'replacement bone', for consistency with ZFA, but VSAO does not include this intermediate class synonym: "perichondral bone" RELATED [ZFA:0001630] synonym: "perichondral bones" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001630] xref: AAO:0010779 xref: TAO:0001638 xref: VSAO:0000308 xref: ZFA:0001630 is_a: UBERON:0008911 {source="ZFA"} ! chondral bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002222 {source="ZFA"} ! perichondrium property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: participates_in perichondral ossification (GO:0036073)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000308", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that forms within the connective tissue surrounding cartilage.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001638", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008915 name: pore def: "An anatomical space that is an opening, usually at the end of a canal or duct, on the surface of the integument or the lining of an internal anatomical space." [TAO:curator] xref: AAO:0010441 xref: ncithesaurus:Pore xref: TAO:0001791 xref: ZFA:0005449 is_a: UBERON:0000464 {source="ZFA"} ! anatomical space [Term] id: UBERON:0008917 name: ampullary organ def: "Organ that consists of receptor cells located within an epidermal invagination and functions as an electroreceptor." [TAO:wd] subset: organ_slim synonym: "ampullary electroreceptor organ" EXACT [TAO:0002104] xref: AAO:0001006 xref: TAO:0002104 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0003103 {source="TAO"} ! compound organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010521 ! electroreceptor organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001006", ontology="AAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass lateral line receptor organ (AAO:0001001)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001006", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "An electroreceptor consisting of receptor cells sunk into the epidermis or located in an epidermal cavity opening to the surface through a duct and pore. It can detect weak electric currents generated by other animals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0001006", ontology="AAO", source="ZipcodeZoo:ampullary_organ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008918 name: ampulla of Lorenzini def: "The ampullae of Lorenzini are special sensing organs called electroreceptors, forming a network of jelly-filled pores... Each ampulla consists of a jelly-filled canal opening to the surface by a pore in the skin and ending blindly in a cluster of small pockets full of special jelly. The ampullae are mostly clustered into groups inside the body, each cluster having ampullae connecting with different parts of the skin, but preserving a left-right symmetry. The canal lengths vary from animal to animal, but the distribution of the pores is generally specific to each species. The ampullae pores are plainly visible as dark spots in the skin. They provide fish with a sixth sense capable of detecting electromagnetic fields as well as temperature gradients[WP]." [Wikipedia:Ampullae_of_Lorenzini] subset: organ_slim synonym: "ampullae of Lorenzini" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Ampullae_of_Lorenzini] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Electroreceptors_in_a_sharks_head.svg is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0003103 ! compound organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010521 ! electroreceptor organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 ! lateral line system property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443 {source="Wikipedia"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523 [Term] id: UBERON:0008919 name: obsolete mesenchyme from somatopleure is_obsolete: true replaced_by: UBERON:0010377 [Term] id: UBERON:0008920 name: obsolete mesenchyme from splanchnopleure is_obsolete: true replaced_by: UBERON:0010378 [Term] id: UBERON:0008921 name: substratum of layer of retina def: "." [http://retina.anatomy.upenn.edu/~lance/eye/retina_gross.html, UBERON:CL_meeting_20110725] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina [Term] id: UBERON:0008922 name: sublaminar layer S1 def: "A retinal neural layer that is immediately adjacent to the inner nuclear layer and comprises 20 percent of the inner plexiform layer of retina." [GOC:tfm] xref: CP:0000113 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008923 intersection_of: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 ! inner nuclear layer of retina intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001791 ! inner nuclear layer of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0008927 ! sublaminar layers S1 or S2 [Term] id: UBERON:0008923 name: sublaminar layer S2 def: "A retinal neural layer that is immediately adjacent to the S1 and S3 layers and comprises 20 percent of the inner plexiform layer of retina." [GOC:tfm] xref: CP:0000114 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008922 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008924 intersection_of: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0008927 ! sublaminar layers S1 or S2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0008928 ! sublaminar layers S2 or S3 [Term] id: UBERON:0008924 name: sublaminar layer S3 def: "A retinal neural layer that is immediately adjacent to the S2 and S4 layers and comprises 20 percent of the inner plexiform layer of retina." [GOC:tfm] xref: CP:0000115 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008923 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008925 intersection_of: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0008928 ! sublaminar layers S2 or S3 [Term] id: UBERON:0008925 name: sublaminar layer S4 def: "A retinal neural layer that is immediately adjacent to the S3 and S5 layer and comprises 20 percent of the inner plexiform layer of retina." [GOC:tfm] xref: CP:0000116 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008924 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008926 intersection_of: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0008929 ! sublaminar layers S4 or S5 [Term] id: UBERON:0008926 name: sublaminar layer S5 def: "A retinal neural layer that is immediately adjacent to the retinal ganglion cell layer and comprises 20 percent of the ganglion plexiform layer of retina." [GOC:tfm] xref: CP:0000117 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001792 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008925 intersection_of: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001792 ! ganglionic layer of retina intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001792 ! ganglionic layer of retina relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0008929 ! sublaminar layers S4 or S5 [Term] id: UBERON:0008927 name: sublaminar layers S1 or S2 def: "One of sublaminar layers S1 or S2." [GOC:tfm] xref: CP:0000118 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina union_of: UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1 union_of: UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina [Term] id: UBERON:0008928 name: sublaminar layers S2 or S3 def: "One of sublaminar layers S2 or S3." [GOC:tfm] xref: CP:0000119 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina union_of: UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 union_of: UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina [Term] id: UBERON:0008929 name: sublaminar layers S4 or S5 def: "One of sublaminar layers S4 or S5." [GOC:tfm] xref: CP:0000120 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina union_of: UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 union_of: UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001795 ! inner plexiform layer of retina [Term] id: UBERON:0008930 name: somatosensory cortex def: "Area of the parietal lobe concerned with receiving general sensations. It lies posterior to the central sulcus." [MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.670.675] comment: TODO - add layers synonym: "somesthetic area" RELATED [BTO:0004353] xref: BTO:0004353 xref: GAID:681 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.213.670.675 xref: SCTID:279252006 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002581 {source="BTO"} ! postcentral gyrus [Term] id: UBERON:0008933 name: primary somatosensory cortex comment: ABA disjointness - Removed relationship: part_of UBERON:0001870 {source="MA"} xref: MA:0000908 is_a: UBERON:0008930 ! somatosensory cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 {source="MA"} ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0008934 name: secondary somatosensory cortex comment: TODO - check brodmann xref: MA:0000918 is_a: UBERON:0008930 ! somatosensory cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001872 {source="MA"} ! parietal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0008935 name: albumen gland def: "The posterior oviduct opens into the large white albumen gland which adds a layer of albumen to the zygote before it reaches the egg capsule gland." [BTO:0000054] xref: BTO:0000054 is_a: UBERON:0005398 {source="BTO"} ! female reproductive gland [Term] id: UBERON:0008936 name: gastropod genital pore def: "A small opening on the side of the head in some gastropods through which the penis is protruded." [BTO:0004684] synonym: "genital orifice" RELATED [BTO:0004684] synonym: "genital pore" EXACT [BTO:0004684] xref: BTO:0004684 is_a: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 {source="BTO"} ! reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0008937 name: visceral hump def: "Mollusks have three distinct divisions of their body. The head contains the sensory equipment (eyes, antennae, etc) and the primitive brain. The visceral hump, which is the main body, contains most of the organs, including a complete digestive and excretory tract as well as the reproductive organs. The visceral hump also includes the two external flaps of tissue, which are known as the mantle." [BTO:0001448, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/630349/visceral-hump] synonym: "visceral sac" RELATED [BTO:0001448] xref: BTO:0001448 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0008939 name: pedal ganglion def: "The pedal ganglia mainly are necessary for coordination of locomotion of a snail." [BTO:0001012] xref: BTO:0001012 is_a: UBERON:0000045 {source="BTO"} ! ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0008937 {source="BTO"} ! visceral hump [Term] id: UBERON:0008940 name: parietal ganglion def: "The lateral ganglia of a snail nervous system are called parietal ganglia. They innerve pallial cavity, gills and skin." [BTO:0001841] xref: BTO:0001841 is_a: UBERON:0000045 {source="BTO"} ! ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0008937 {source="BTO"} ! visceral hump [Term] id: UBERON:0008941 name: pleural ganglion def: "The pallial cavity's nerve knots are called pleural ganglia. They innerve primarily the mantle or a snail." [BTO:0001842] xref: BTO:0001842 is_a: UBERON:0000045 {source="BTO"} ! ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0008937 {source="BTO"} ! visceral hump [Term] id: UBERON:0008942 name: gastropod cerebral ganglion def: "The cerebral ganglia are primarily sensual centres, that compute information from the eyes as well as from the tactile and position sensors (statocystes). Besides coordination they also serve the locational memory of a snail." [BTO:0001843] synonym: "cerebral ganglion" EXACT [BTO:0001843] xref: BTO:0001843 is_a: UBERON:0000045 {source="BTO"} ! ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0008943 name: headfoot def: "The head-foot is the part you see most easily in slugs and snails. It is mostly a muscular organ covered in cilia and rich in mucous cells, which the mollusc uses to move around, it normally tapers to a tail at one end and has a head incorporated in the front. The head includes a mouth, eyes and tentacles, the last two may be much reduced or even absent. In those species with shells the head-foot can be drawn into the shell." [BTO:0003509] xref: BTO:0003509 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0008944 name: albumen def: "Albumen is the clear liquid contained within an egg and consists of water and proteins, among which are ovomucin and ovomucoid. It protects the egg yolk and provides additional nutrition for the growth of the embryo." [GO:0097099, https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3357613&group_id=36855&atid=440764, Wikipedia:Albumen] synonym: "egg white" EXACT [GO:0097099] xref: GO:0097099 xref: ncithesaurus:Egg_White is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: part_of UBERON:0007379 ! egg [Term] id: UBERON:0008945 name: extraembryonic endoderm def: "An extraembryonic epithelium that is formed by the delaminated cells of the primitive endoderm (hypoblast) that goes on to form the yolk sac. In mammals, as in avians, these cells do not produce any part of the newborn organism (i.e. they are extraembryonic)" [http://www.ana.ed.ac.uk/database/humat/notes/extraemb/mesoder.htm, ISBN:9780878932504, UBERON:cjm] comment: The origin of extraembryonic endoderm is a highly controversial issue // forms the yolk sac (Gilbert) xref: EHDAA2:0000473 xref: EHDAA:105 xref: EMAPA:16052 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005292 ! extraembryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008776 {source="EHDAA2", source="ISBN:9780878932504"} ! inner cell mass derived hypoblast [Term] id: UBERON:0008946 name: lung parenchyma synonym: "respiratory portion of lung" EXACT [FMA:27360] xref: FMA:27360 xref: SCTID:201712001 is_a: UBERON:0000353 {source="FMA"} ! parenchyma is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 {source="FMA"} ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008947 name: respiratory primordium xref: EHDAA2:0004069 xref: ncithesaurus:Respiratory_Primordium is_a: UBERON:0001048 {source="Obol"} ! primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003258 ! endoderm of foregut [Term] id: UBERON:0008948 name: upper lobe of lung def: "A lobe of the lung that is closest to the head." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor notes: the logical definition must have a clause stating position relative to a lower lobe, otherwise a single lobed side (such as the left lobe in the mouse) trivially classifies as an upper lobe synonym: "cranial lobe of lung" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "lobus superior" EXACT [FMA:7334] synonym: "lobus superior pulmonis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "superior lobe of lung" EXACT [FMA:7334] xref: FMA:7334 xref: galen:UpperLobeOfLung xref: ncithesaurus:Lung_Upper_Lobe xref: SCTID:303548008 is_a: UBERON:0000101 ! lobe of lung relationship: anterior_part_of UBERON:0002048 relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0008949 intersection_of: UBERON:0000101 ! lobe of lung intersection_of: anterior_part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung intersection_of: anterior_to UBERON:0008949 ! lower lobe of lung disjoint_from: UBERON:0008955 ! middle lobe of lung relationship: anterior_part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0008949 ! lower lobe of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008949 name: lower lobe of lung comment: Editor notes: defining lobes spatially across species synonym: "inferior lobe of lung" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "lobus inferior" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "lobus inferior pulmonis" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:7335 xref: galen:LowerLobeOfLung xref: ncithesaurus:Lung_Lower_Lobe xref: SCTID:303549000 is_a: UBERON:0000101 ! lobe of lung disjoint_from: UBERON:0008955 ! middle lobe of lung relationship: posterior_part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008950 name: azygous lobe of lung def: "The azygous lobe of the lung is an accessory lobe of the right lung. It is rare and usually associated with an abnormality of the azygous vein. It is produced by an aberrant position of the azygous vein near the hilum of the lung. It divides the right superior lobe near the apex of the lung down to the hilum in roughly the median plane. The fissure created, the meso-azygous fissure, is lined by both visceral and parietal pleura. The lobe lies superomedial to the fissure." [http://www.e-radiography.net/radpath/a/azygoslobe.htm, http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk] is_a: UBERON:0004890 ! right lung accessory lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0008951 name: left lung lobe comment: Taxon notes: 1 in mice, divided into 2 in human by a single interlobar fissure, the oblqiue fissure [ISBN-10:0123813611] synonym: "lobe of left lung" EXACT [] synonym: "lobe of the left lung" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA:2981 xref: ncithesaurus:Lobe_of_the_Left_Lung xref: SCTID:272655003 is_a: UBERON:0000101 ! lobe of lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0000101 ! lobe of lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008952 name: upper lobe of left lung def: "The lobe of the left lung that is closest to the head." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "left lung cranial lobe" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000953] synonym: "left upper lobe" EXACT [FMA:7370] synonym: "left upper lobe of lung" EXACT [FMA:7370] synonym: "lobus superior pulmonis sinistri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "superior lobe of left lung" EXACT [FMA:7370] xref: EHDAA2:0000953 xref: EHDAA:4957 xref: FMA:7370 xref: galen:UpperLobeOfLeftLung xref: ncithesaurus:Upper_Lobe_of_the_Left_Lung xref: SCTID:361984006 is_a: UBERON:0008948 {source="FMA"} ! upper lobe of lung is_a: UBERON:0008951 ! left lung lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0008948 ! upper lobe of lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10088 {source="ISBN-10:0123813611"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008953 name: lower lobe of left lung synonym: "inferior lobe of left lung" EXACT [FMA:7371] synonym: "left lower lobe" EXACT [FMA:7371] synonym: "left lower lobe of lung" EXACT [FMA:7371] synonym: "left lung caudal lobe" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000945] synonym: "lobus inferior (pulmo sinister)" EXACT [FMA:7371] synonym: "lobus inferior pulmonis sinistri" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: EHDAA2:0000945 xref: EHDAA:4949 xref: FMA:7371 xref: galen:LowerLobeOfLeftLung xref: ncithesaurus:Lower_Lobe_of_the_Left_Lung xref: SCTID:361989001 is_a: UBERON:0008949 {source="FMA"} ! lower lobe of lung is_a: UBERON:0008951 ! left lung lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0008949 ! lower lobe of lung intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10088 {source="ISBN-10:0123813611"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008954 name: lingula of left lung def: "Anterioinferior portion of left upper lung lobe" [ISBN-10:0123813611, Wikipedia:Lingula_of_left_lung] comment: the lingula of the left lung in humans is not normally considered a true lobe. AO notes: in Galen, it is a middle lobe synonym: "left pulmonary lingula" EXACT [FMA:7433] synonym: "lingula of lung" EXACT [FMA:7433] synonym: "lingula of the lung" EXACT [] synonym: "middle lobe of left lung" RELATED [galen:MiddleLobeOfLeftLung] xref: FMA:7433 xref: galen:MiddleLobeOfLeftLung xref: ncithesaurus:Lingula xref: SCTID:184916009 is_a: UBERON:0000072 ! segment of respiratory tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0008952 {source="ISBN-10:0123813611"} ! upper lobe of left lung property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:10088 {source="ISBN-10:0123813611"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008955 name: middle lobe of lung def: "A lobe of the lung that is situated somewhere between an upper lobe and lower lobe." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Taxon notes: mice have 4 right lobes (5 in some schemes), humans have 2, and thus no middle lobe (the lingula is not a lobe) synonym: "lung middle lobe" EXACT [] xref: galen:MiddleLobeOfLung xref: SCTID:362900002 is_a: UBERON:0000101 ! lobe of lung relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0008949 ! lower lobe of lung relationship: posterior_to UBERON:0008948 ! upper lobe of lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008956 name: involucrum def: "a layer of new bone growth outside existing bone seen in pyogenic osteomyelitis. It results from the stripping off of the periosteum by the accumulation of pus within the bone, and new bone growing from the periosteum." [Wikipedia:Involucrum] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 {source="Wikipedia"} ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0008957 name: sequestrum def: "a piece of dead bone that has become separated during the process of necrosis from normal/sound bone.." [Wikipedia:Sequestrum] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 {source="Wikipedia"} ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0008958 name: cetacean involucrum synonym: "whale involucrum" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 {source="Wikipedia:Evolution_of_cetaceans"} ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0008959 name: auditory bulla def: "a hollow bony structure on the ventral, posterior portion of the skull of placental mammals that encloses parts of the middle and inner ear. In most species, it is formed by the tympanic part of the temporal bone." [Wikipedia:Auditory_bulla] comment: In extant primates, the structure is found in tarsiers, lemurs, and lorises synonym: "tympanic bulla" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0001690 ! ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong"} ! dermatocranium property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0011079 {source="Kardong"} [Term] id: UBERON:0008960 name: melon organ def: "The melon is an ovoid-shaped, fatty organ found in the forehead of all toothed whales (odontocetes), including dolphins and porpoises (Cranford et al., 1996; Harper, C. J., et al., 2008) and believed to be used in echolocation" [Wikipedia:Melon_(whale)] is_a: UBERON:0010053 ! echolocation organ [Term] id: UBERON:0008961 name: parabronchus def: "tertiary bronchus in the avian lung." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/parabronchi] synonym: "parabronchia" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0008962 name: forelimb bone def: "A bone that is part of a forelimb region. Examples: any manus phalanx, humerus. Counter-examples: scapula (it is part of the pectoral girdle)" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "free forelimb bone" EXACT [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "wing bone" NARROW SENSU [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782] xref: GAID:178 xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087 xref: ncithesaurus:Bone_of_the_Upper_Extremity xref: SCTID:368532003 is_a: UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010741 ! bone of pectoral complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 intersection_of: UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010883 ! forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0008963 name: hoof def: "The tip of a toe of an ungulate mammal, strengthened by a thick horny (keratin) covering. The hoof consists of a hard or rubbery sole, and a hard wall formed by a thick nail rolled around the tip of the toe. The weight of the animal is normally borne by both the sole and the edge of the hoof wall. Hooves grow continuously, and are constantly worn down by use." [Wikipedia:Hoof] comment: The hoof is the integument of the foot. Like skin, the integument of the foot has three layers, namely the epidermis, dermis, and SC tissue. xref: BTO:0003994 xref: SCTID:410026002 is_a: UBERON:0009564 ! distal limb integumentary appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0008964 name: abdominal ganglion of visceral hump def: "The visceral sacs nerve knot is called visceral ganglion. In contrary to the mostly paired other ganglia this nerve knot is unpaired. The visceral ganglion innerves the pallial organs as well as the inner organs." [BTO:0000022] synonym: "abdominal ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0000022] synonym: "visceral ganglion" RELATED [BTO:0000022] xref: BTO:0000022 is_a: UBERON:0000045 {source="BTO"} ! ganglion disjoint_from: UBERON:0009758 ! abdominal ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0008937 {source="BTO"} ! visceral hump [Term] id: UBERON:0008967 name: centrum semiovale def: "The semioval center is the white matter found underneath the grey matter on the surface of the cerebrum. The term is synonymous with cerebral white matter. The white matter, located in each hemisphere between the cerebral cortex and nuclei, as a whole has a semioval shape. It consists of cortical projection fibers, association fibers and cortical fibers." [Wikipedia:Semioval_center] comment: note that WP suggests a merge with cerebral white matter synonym: "centrum semiovale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Semioval_center] synonym: "medullary center" EXACT [FMA:61939] synonym: "semioval center" RELATED [BTO:0000229] synonym: "white matter of cerebrum" EXACT [FMA:61939] xref: BTO:0000229 xref: FMA:61939 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Gray752.png xref: SCTID:369198002 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002437 {source="BTO"} ! cerebral white matter [Term] id: UBERON:0008969 name: dental follicle def: "The dental follicle is a sac containing the developing tooth and its odontogenic organ. The dental follicle (DF) differentiates into the periodontal ligament. In addition, it may be the precursor of other cells of the periodontium, including osteoblasts, cementoblasts and fibroblasts. They develop into the alveolar bone, the cementum with Sharpey's fibers and the periodontal ligament fibers respectively." [Wikipedia:Dental_follicle] synonym: "tooth follicle" RELATED [BTO:0000337] xref: BTO:0000337 xref: SCTID:110975002 is_a: UBERON:0005087 {source="BTO"} ! tooth placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="PMID:19767574"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 {source="BTO"} ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0008971 name: left colon def: "The distal portion of the colon; it develops embryonically from the hindgut and functions in the storage and elimination of waste." [BTO:0000646] synonym: "distal colon" RELATED [BTO:0000646] xref: BTO:0000646 xref: galen:LeftColon xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Colon xref: SCTID:362164005 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001046 {source="BTO"} ! hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 {source="BTO"} ! colon [Term] id: UBERON:0008972 name: right colon def: "The proximal portion of the colon, extending from the ileocecal valve usually to a point proximal to the left colic flexure; it develops embryonically from the terminal portion of the midgut and functions in absorption." [BTO:0000649] synonym: "proximal colon" RELATED [BTO:0000649] xref: BTO:0000649 xref: galen:RightColon xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Colon xref: SCTID:362161002 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 {source="BTO"} ! midgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001155 {source="BTO"} ! colon [Term] id: UBERON:0008974 name: apocrine gland def: "A gland whose discharged secretion contains part of the secreting cells." [BTO:0001162] subset: organ_slim xref: BTO:0001162 xref: SCTID:361698000 is_a: UBERON:0002530 {source="BTO"} ! gland [Term] id: UBERON:0008975 name: shell gland def: "Any of various structures that secrete covering material for eggs or egg masses" [http://www.answers.com/topic/nidamental-gland] subset: grouping_class synonym: "nidamental gland" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0001241 xref: SCTID:14478002 is_a: UBERON:0005398 {source="BTO"} ! female reproductive gland [Term] id: UBERON:0008976 name: snake venom gland def: "The venom gland of snakes is in actual fact a modified salivary gland and is linked to the groove in the fangs by a duct." [BTO:0001440] comment: Editors note: todo - check the developmental relationship. Taxon notes: currently refers to venom gland of the snake, but could in future be generalized subset: organ_slim synonym: "poison gland" RELATED [BTO:0001440] synonym: "venom gland" BROAD [BTO:0001440] xref: BTO:0001440 xref: SCTID:362181001 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011579 ! venom gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001044 {source="BTO"} ! salivary gland relationship: secretes UBERON:0007113 ! venom [Term] id: UBERON:0008977 name: pes anserinus of tibia def: "The pes anserinus is the insertion of the conjoined tendons of three muscles onto the anteromedial (front and inside) surface of the proximal extremity of the tibia." [Wikipedia:Pes_anserinus_%28leg%29] comment: Editors note: Consider adding muscle insertion site class synonym: "pes anserine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pes_anserinus_%28leg%29] synonym: "pes anserinus" EXACT [BTO:0001507] synonym: "pes anserinus of leg" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pes_anserinus_%28leg%29] xref: BTO:0001507 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Pes_anserinus.png xref: SCTID:360767004 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004256 ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000043 {source="BTO"} ! tendon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000979 ! tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0008978 name: anal sac def: "In carnivores, either of two sacs found between the internal and external anal sphincters, lined with sebaceous glands and in some species with apocrine glands." [BTO:0001681] xref: BTO:0001681 xref: MESH:A.13.073 xref: SCTID:362169000 is_a: UBERON:0000064 {source="BTO"} ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001245 {source="BTO"} ! anus [Term] id: UBERON:0008979 name: carcass def: "A dead body." [BTO:0001965] synonym: "cadaver" RELATED [BTO:0001965] synonym: "dead body" RELATED [BTO:0001965] xref: BTO:0001965 xref: SCTID:127853004 is_a: UBERON:0000061 {source="BTO"} ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0008981 name: rhinencephalon def: "The olfactory region of the brain, located in the cerebrum." [BTO:0002785] synonym: "olfactory brain" RELATED [BTO:0002785] xref: BTO:0002785 xref: SCTID:361576004 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 {source="BTO"} ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0008982 name: fascia def: "A dense regular connective tissue that that connects muscles together[WP, modified]." [Wikipedia:Fascia] synonym: "fascia cluster" EXACT [FMA:30318] xref: BTO:0002930 xref: EV:0100150 xref: FMA:30318 xref: MESH:A.02.340 xref: ncithesaurus:Fascia xref: SCTID:181772008 is_a: UBERON:0007846 {source="Wikipedia"} ! dense regular connective tissue relationship: connects UBERON:0001630 {cardinality="2"} ! muscle organ relationship: connects UBERON:0001630 {notes="fasciae connect muscles to other muscles"} ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002204 ! musculoskeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0008987 name: renal parenchyma def: "The functional tissue of the kidney, consisting of the nephrons." [BTO:0003604] synonym: "kidney parenchyma" RELATED [BTO:0003604] synonym: "parenchyma of kidney" EXACT [FMA:15574] xref: BTO:0003604 xref: FMA:15574 xref: SCTID:29704000 is_a: UBERON:0000353 {source="FMA"} ! parenchyma is_a: UBERON:0006554 {source="BTO"} ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 {source="FMA"} ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0008989 name: esophageal gland def: "One of the racemose glands in the walls of the esophagus that in humans are small and serve principally to lubricate the food but in some birds secrete a milky fluid on which the young are fed." [BTO:0003634, Wikipedia:Esophageal_glands] synonym: "glandulae oesophageae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Esophageal_glands] synonym: "mucous gland of submucosa of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:9404] xref: BTO:0003634 xref: FMA:9404 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Illu_esophageal_layers.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Esophageal_Gland xref: SCTID:322749003 is_a: UBERON:0003294 ! gland of foregut is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ is_a: UBERON:0011148 ! submucosal gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001972 ! submucosa of esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system relationship: secretes UBERON:0000912 ! mucus [Term] id: UBERON:0008992 name: chorion frondosum def: "The part of the chorion where the villi persist, forming the foetal part of the placenta." [BTO:0003677] synonym: "shaggy chorion" RELATED [BTO:0003677] xref: BTO:0003677 xref: SCTID:37333001 is_a: UBERON:0000478 {source="BTO"} ! extraembryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003124 {source="BTO"} ! chorion [Term] id: UBERON:0008993 name: habenular nucleus def: "The gray matter of the habenula, composed of a small-celled medial and a larger-celled lateral habenular nucleus; both nuclei receive fibres from basal forebrain regions (septum, basal nucleus, lateral preoptic nucleus); the lateral habenular nucleus receives an additional projection from the medial segment of the globus pallidus. Both nuclei project by way of the retroflex fasciculus to the interpeduncular nucleus and a medial zone of the midbrain tegmentum." [BTO:0003685] synonym: "ganglion habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0003685] synonym: "nucleus habenulae" RELATED [BTO:0003685] xref: BTO:0003685 xref: EHDAA2:0004710 xref: SCTID:279303009 is_a: UBERON:0000445 {source="BTO"} ! habenular trigone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001904 {source="BTO"} ! habenula [Term] id: UBERON:0008994 name: glandular stomach def: "Stomach found in horses; includes cardiac, proper gastric and pyloric glandular zones." [BTO:0003791] subset: organ_slim synonym: "stomachus glandularis" RELATED [BTO:0003791] xref: BTO:0003791 xref: ncithesaurus:Glandular_Stomach xref: SCTID:27633001 is_a: UBERON:0000945 {source="BTO"} ! stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0008995 name: cerebellar nucleus def: "Four accumulations of gray substance embedded in the white substance of the cerebellum, comprising the nucleus dentatus, nucleus emboliformis, nucleus globosus, and nucleus fastigii." [BTO:0003835] xref: BTO:0003835 xref: SCTID:279220006 is_a: UBERON:0002946 ! regional part of cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 {source="BTO"} ! cerebellum [Term] id: UBERON:0008996 name: nucleus dentatus xref: BTO:0003836 xref: SCTID:279221005 is_a: UBERON:0000073 {source="BTO"} ! regional part of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0008997 name: nucleus fastigii xref: BTO:0003839 xref: SCTID:279224002 is_a: UBERON:0000073 {source="BTO"} ! regional part of nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0008998 name: cerebrovascular system def: "System pertaining to blood vessels in the brain." [BTO:0003840] xref: BTO:0003840 xref: SCTID:362029003 is_a: UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system relationship: part_of UBERON:0007798 {source="BTO"} ! vascular system [Term] id: UBERON:0008999 name: hoof lamina def: "The tissues which attach the third phalanx to the hoof wall." [BTO:0003997] synonym: "hoof laminae" RELATED [BTO:0003997] xref: BTO:0003997 xref: SCTID:370743008 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0008963 {source="BTO"} ! hoof [Term] id: UBERON:0009000 name: ischial spine def: "A bony process projecting backward and medialward from the posterior border of the ischium." [BTO:0004149] synonym: "spina ischialis" EXACT [FMA:17028] xref: BTO:0004149 xref: FMA:17028 xref: SCTID:18074002 is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 {source="BTO"} ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0009002 name: placental membrane def: "The membrane separating the fetal from the maternal blood in the placenta; sometimes inappropriately called the placental barrier." [BTO:0004196] synonym: "placental barrier" RELATED [BTO:0004196] xref: BTO:0004196 xref: ncithesaurus:Placental_Membrane xref: SCTID:256591004 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000478 {source="BTO"} ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001987 {source="BTO"} ! placenta [Term] id: UBERON:0009005 name: femorotibial joint def: "One of the two primary bendings of a typical leg, pertains to the femur and the tibia." [BTO:0004396] comment: Editor notes: proposed OWL definition: skeletal join that connects ONLY tibia and femur synonym: "femoratibial joint" EXACT [] synonym: "knee" RELATED [] synonym: "tibiofemoral joint" EXACT [FMA:43571] xref: BTO:0004396 xref: FMA:43571 xref: SCTID:182203004 is_a: UBERON:0004174 ! leg joint is_a: UBERON:0011139 {source="FMA"} ! synovial limb joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint [Term] id: UBERON:0009006 name: deep inguinal lymph node def: "One of several small inconstant lymph nodes, proximal, intermediate and distal deep to the fascia lata and medial to the femoral vein; they receive lymph from the deep structures of the lower limb, from the glans penis and from superficial inguinal nodes; efferents pass to the external iliac nodes." [BTO:0004548] synonym: "deep inguinal node" EXACT [FMA:44225] synonym: "nodi lymphatici inguinales profundi" RELATED [BTO:0004548] synonym: "nodus lymphaticus inguinalis profundus" EXACT [FMA:44225] xref: BTO:0004548 xref: FMA:44225 xref: SCTID:65266007 is_a: UBERON:0000029 {source="BTO"} ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0009007 name: superficial inguinal lymph node def: "A group of 12-20 lymph nodes that lie in the subcutaneous tissue below the inguinal ligament and along the terminal part of the great saphenous vein; they drain the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the lower abdominal wall, perineum, buttocks, external genitalia, and lower limbs." [BTO:0004549] synonym: "lymph node of cloquet" EXACT [FMA:5036] synonym: "lymph node of rosenmuller" EXACT [FMA:5036] synonym: "nodus lymphaticus inguinalis superficialis" EXACT [FMA:5036] synonym: "superficial inguinal node" EXACT [FMA:5036] xref: BTO:0004549 xref: FMA:5036 xref: SCTID:113340006 is_a: UBERON:0000029 {source="BTO"} ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0009009 name: carotid sinus nerve def: "Carotid branch of glossopharyngeal nerve." [BTO:0004978] synonym: "carotid branch of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53488] synonym: "ramus sinus carotici" EXACT [FMA:53488] xref: BTO:0004978 xref: FMA:53488 xref: SCTID:50624003 is_a: UBERON:0001021 {source="FMA"} ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001649 {source="BTO"} ! glossopharyngeal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009010 name: periurethral tissue def: "Tissue around the urethra." [BTO:0005081] xref: BTO:0005081 xref: SCTID:256880003 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0009013 name: white fibrocartilage xref: MA:0000486 xref: SCTID:3008003 is_a: UBERON:0001995 {source="UBERON"} ! fibrocartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0009014 name: lower back skin subset: organ_slim xref: MA:0000504 xref: SCTID:286601005 is_a: UBERON:0001068 ! skin of back is_a: UBERON:0003836 {source="MA"} ! abdominal segment skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back [Term] id: UBERON:0009015 name: upper back skin xref: MA:0000510 xref: SCTID:304890003 is_a: UBERON:0001068 ! skin of back is_a: UBERON:0001418 {source="MA"} ! skin of thorax relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0008231 ! dorsal thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0009016 name: ciliary stroma xref: MA:0001239 xref: SCTID:280868008 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 {source="MA"} ! ciliary body [Term] id: UBERON:0009020 name: left uterine horn xref: MA:0001727 xref: SCTID:245482004 is_a: UBERON:0002247 ! uterine horn relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000995 intersection_of: UBERON:0002247 ! uterine horn intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0009022 name: right uterine horn xref: MA:0001728 xref: SCTID:245481006 is_a: UBERON:0002247 ! uterine horn relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000995 intersection_of: UBERON:0002247 ! uterine horn intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000995 ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0009024 name: adrenal gland X zone def: "A wide juxta-medullary layer of cells in the adrenal glands of young mature virgin female mice." [http://www.jstor.org/pss/82802] synonym: "juvenile zone" RELATED [MA:0001888] xref: MA:0001888 xref: SCTID:24306004 is_a: UBERON:0009753 {source="MA"} ! adrenal gland cortex zone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001235 {source="MA"} ! adrenal cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism [Term] id: UBERON:0009025 name: gastroepiploic artery def: "Abdominal artery that follows the curvature of the stomach. The right gasteroepiploic artery is frequently used in coronary artery bypass grafting, myocardial revascularization, and other vascular reconstruction." [MESH:A.07.231.114.379] subset: grouping_class xref: MA:0001962 xref: MESH:A.07.231.114.379 xref: ncithesaurus:Gastroepiploic_Artery xref: SCTID:261401008 is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="MA"} ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009026 name: iliac circumflex artery xref: MA:0001975 xref: ncithesaurus:Circumflex_Iliac_Artery xref: SCTID:244327004 is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="MA"} ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009027 name: vesical artery xref: MA:0002078 xref: SCTID:244307000 is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="MA"} ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009029 name: pudendal vein xref: MA:0002202 xref: SCTID:395225000 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="MA"} ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009030 name: left pulmonary vein xref: MA:0002207 xref: ncithesaurus:Left_Pulmonary_Vein xref: SCTID:304057004 is_a: UBERON:0002016 {source="MA"} ! pulmonary vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009032 name: right pulmonary vein xref: MA:0002208 xref: ncithesaurus:Right_Pulmonary_Vein xref: SCTID:304056008 is_a: UBERON:0002016 {source="MA"} ! pulmonary vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009034 name: stomach region xref: MA:0002561 xref: SCTID:245415005 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0009035 name: renal straight tubule comment: todo - add relationships synonym: "kidney straight tubule" EXACT [MA:0002634] xref: MA:0002634 xref: SCTID:245151008 is_a: UBERON:0001231 {source="MA"} ! nephron tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0009038 name: sulcus ampullaris def: "the groove on the external surface of the ampulla of each semicircular duct where the nerve enters the ampullary crest." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=ampullary+groove] synonym: "ampullary groove" EXACT [FMA:74584] synonym: "ampullary sulcus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:74584 xref: MA:0002835 xref: SCTID:368954006 is_a: UBERON:0006800 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical line relationship: part_of UBERON:0004043 {source="MA"} ! semicircular canal ampulla [Term] id: UBERON:0009039 name: lymph node germinal center def: "A germinal center that is located in a lymph node" [CL:tm] synonym: "germinal center" BROAD [BTO:0003671] synonym: "lymph node activated zone" RELATED [] synonym: "lymph node central zone" RELATED [] synonym: "lymph node light zone" RELATED [] synonym: "lymph node nodule" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0003671 xref: MA:0002989 xref: ncithesaurus:Lymph_Node_Germinal_Center xref: SCTID:327147000 is_a: UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0010753 {source="MA"} ! lymph node secondary follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0009040 name: deep circumflex iliac artery def: "The deep circumflex iliac artery (or deep iliac circumflex artery) is an artery in the pelvis that travels along the iliac crest of the pelvic bone." [Wikipedia:Deep_circumflex_iliac_artery] synonym: "arteria circumflexa ilium profunda" EXACT [Wikipedia:Deep_circumflex_iliac_artery] synonym: "arteria circumflexa ilium profunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deep_circumflex_iliac_artery] synonym: "deep iliac circumflex" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_circumflex_iliac_artery] synonym: "deep iliac circumflex artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_circumflex_iliac_artery] xref: FMA:20687 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Gray586.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Gray586.png xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Circumflex_Iliac_Artery xref: SCTID:181353005 is_a: UBERON:0003520 ! pelvis blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0009026 ! iliac circumflex artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001308 {source="FMA"} ! external iliac artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001308 {source="FMA"} ! external iliac artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009041 name: superficial circumflex iliac artery def: "The superficial iliac circumflex artery (or superficial circumflex iliac), the smallest of the cutaneous branches of the femoral artery, arises close to the superficial epigastric artery, and, piercing the fascia lata, runs lateralward, parallel with the inguinal ligament, as far as the crest of the ilium. It divides into branches which supply the integument of the groin, the superficial fascia, and the superficial subinguinal lymph glands, anastomosing with the deep iliac circumflex, the superior gluteal and lateral femoral circumflex arteries." [Wikipedia:Superficial_circumflex_iliac_artery] synonym: "arteria circumflexa ilium superficialis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Superficial_iliac_circumflex_artery] synonym: "iliac circumflex artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superficial_iliac_circumflex_artery] synonym: "superficial circumflex iliac artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superficial_iliac_circumflex_artery] xref: FMA:20737 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray548.png xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Circumflex_Iliac_Artery is_a: UBERON:0003520 ! pelvis blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0009026 ! iliac circumflex artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0002060 {source="FMA"} ! femoral artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001308 {source="FMA"} ! external iliac artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0002060 {source="FMA"} ! femoral artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009042 name: prostatic venous plexus def: "The prostatic veins form a well-marked prostatic plexus which lies partly in the fascial sheath of the prostate and partly between the sheath and the prostatic capsule. It communicates with the pudendal and vesical plexuses." [Wikipedia:Prostatic_venous_plexus] synonym: "plexus venosus prostaticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Prostatic_venous_plexus] synonym: "pudendal venous plexus" RELATED [FMA:29711] xref: FMA:29711 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Gray585.png xref: SCTID:303052003 is_a: UBERON:0001593 {source="FMA"} ! venous plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0009044 name: pudendal venous plexus def: "The pudendal plexus (vesicoprostatic plexus) lies behind the arcuate pubic ligament and the lower part of the pubic symphysis, and in front of the bladder and prostate. Its chief tributary is the deep dorsal vein of the penis, but it also receives branches from the front of the bladder and prostate. It communicates with the vesical plexus and with the internal pudendal vein and drains into the vesical and hypogastric veins." [Wikipedia:Pudendal_plexus_(veins)] xref: SCTID:65326006 is_a: UBERON:0001593 ! venous plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0009046 name: inferior external pudendal vein xref: MA:0002203 is_a: UBERON:0009029 {source="MA"} ! pudendal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009047 name: superior external pudendal vein xref: MA:0002204 is_a: UBERON:0009029 {source="MA"} ! pudendal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009048 name: deep external pudendal vein xref: FMA:44488 is_a: UBERON:0009029 ! pudendal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009049 name: superficial external pudendal vein xref: FMA:21377 is_a: UBERON:0009029 ! pudendal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009050 name: nucleus of solitary tract def: "A neural nucleus that is part of the solitary tract nuclear complex. The solitary tract and nucleus are structures in the brainstem that carry and receive visceral sensation and taste from the facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X) cranial nerves. [WP,unvetted]." [OBOL:automatic, Wikipedia:Solitary_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus of the tractus solitarius" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1429] synonym: "nucleus of tractus solitarius" EXACT [Wikipedia:Solitary_nucleus] synonym: "nucleus tractus solitarii medullae oblongatae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Solitary_nucleus] synonym: "solitary nucleus" EXACT [] synonym: "solitary tract nucleus" EXACT [] xref: ABA:NTS xref: BM:Me-NS xref: BTO:0003963 xref: EV:0100288 xref: FMA:256691 xref: GAID:593 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Gray696.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Gray696.png/200px-Gray696.png xref: MA:0001052 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.132.810.406.750 xref: ncithesaurus:Nucleus_of_the_Solitary_Tract xref: ncithesaurus:Solitary_Nucleus xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1429 is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata is_a: UBERON:0011775 {source="Wikipedia"} ! vagus nerve nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002126 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002126 ! solitary tract nuclear complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002126 ! solitary tract nuclear complex [Term] id: UBERON:0009051 name: gelatinous nucleus of solitary tract xref: ABA:NTSge xref: FMA:77463 is_a: UBERON:0009050 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of solitary tract [Term] id: UBERON:0009052 name: medial nucleus of solitary tract xref: ABA:NTSm xref: FMA:229585 is_a: UBERON:0009050 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of solitary tract [Term] id: UBERON:0009053 name: dorsal nucleus of trapezoid body synonym: "dorsal nucleus of trapezoid body" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2575] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_2575 xref: SCTID:369021001 is_a: UBERON:0007633 ! nucleus of trapezoid body [Term] id: UBERON:0009054 name: open circulatory system comment: The Open Circulatory System is a system in which fluid (called hemolymph) in a cavity called the hemocoel bathes the organs directly with oxygen and nutrients and there is no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid; this combined fluid is called hemolymph or haemolymph is_a: UBERON:0001009 {source="GO"} ! circulatory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009055 name: closed circulatory system comment: Editor notes: consider merging with cardiovascular system? Taxon notes: The circulatory systems of all vertebrates, as well as of annelids (for example, earthworms) and cephalopods (squid and octopus) are closed, just as in humans. Still, the systems of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds show various stages of the evolution of the circulatory system is_a: UBERON:0001009 {source="GO"} ! circulatory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009056 name: two-pass circulatory system def: "A closed circulatory system in which blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once." [GO:0035905, Wikipedia:Double_circulatory_system] is_a: UBERON:0009055 ! closed circulatory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009057 name: one-pass circulatory system def: "A closed circulatory system in which blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once." [GO:0035907] is_a: UBERON:0009055 ! closed circulatory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009058 name: faveolus def: "A bellows-shaped respiratory unit extending from the outer wall of the lung into a central air space." [PMID:12869615] comment: Dunker (1978) coined the terms ediculae or faveoli to describe the unit structure of the reptilian parenchymal, which are analogous to mammalian alveoli, but are up to 1,000 times larger than alveoli of similar sized mammals[PMID:12625309] synonym: "edicula" RELATED SENSU [PMID:12625309] synonym: "faveoli" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "lung faveolus" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0009060 name: air sac def: "any of the membranous air-filled extensions of the lungs of birds, which increase the efficiency of gaseous exchange in the lungs" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/air+sac, Wikipedia:Bird_anatomy#Respiratory_system] comment: Three distinct sets of organs perform respiration—the anterior air sacs (interclavicular, cervicals, and anterior thoracics), the lungs, and the posterior air sacs (posterior thoracics and abdominals). The posterior and anterior air sacs, typically nine, expand during inhalation. Air enters the bird via the trachea. Half of the inhaled air enters the posterior air sacs, the other half passes through the lungs and into the anterior air sacs. Air from the anterior air sacs empties directly into the trachea and out the bird's mouth or nares. The posterior air sacs empty their air into the lungs. Air passing through the lungs as the bird exhales is expelled via the trachea. Some taxonomic groups (Passeriformes) possess 7 air sacs, as the clavicular air sacs may interconnect or be fused with the cranial thoracic air sacs[WP] synonym: "psotcranial air sac" RELATED [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "sacci pneumatici" EXACT LATIN [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/BirdRespiration.svg xref: MESH:A.13.048 xref: SCTID:49081009 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009061 name: anterior air sac is_a: UBERON:0009060 ! air sac [Term] id: UBERON:0009062 name: posterior air sac comment: Half of the inhaled air enters the posterior air sacs. The posterior air sacs empty their air into the lungs. is_a: UBERON:0009060 ! air sac [Term] id: UBERON:0009063 name: interclavicular air sac is_a: UBERON:0009061 ! anterior air sac [Term] id: UBERON:0009064 name: cervical air sac xref: SCTID:62426003 is_a: UBERON:0009061 ! anterior air sac [Term] id: UBERON:0009065 name: anterior thoracic air sac is_a: UBERON:0009061 ! anterior air sac [Term] id: UBERON:0009066 name: posterior thoracic air sac xref: SCTID:10576005 is_a: UBERON:0009062 ! posterior air sac [Term] id: UBERON:0009067 name: abdominal air sac xref: SCTID:43701009 is_a: UBERON:0009062 ! posterior air sac [Term] id: UBERON:0009071 name: mesobronchus subset: organ_slim synonym: "mesobronchi" RELATED PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0009072 name: ventrobronchus subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0009073 name: dorsobronchus subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0009074 name: syrinx organ def: "vocal organ of birds, located at the base of a trachea" [Wikipedia:Syrinx_(bird_anatomy)] subset: organ_slim synonym: "avian vocal organ" RELATED [] synonym: "syrinx" RELATED [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Syrinx.jpg is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0009075 name: membrana tympaniformis synonym: "wall of syrinx" EXACT [Wikipedia:Syrinx_(bird_anatomy)] is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0009074 ! syrinx organ [Term] id: UBERON:0009076 name: membrana tympaniformis lateralis synonym: "lateral wall of syrinx" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0009075 ! membrana tympaniformis [Term] id: UBERON:0009077 name: membrana tympaniformis medialis synonym: "medial wall of syrinx" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0009075 ! membrana tympaniformis [Term] id: UBERON:0009078 name: pessulus def: "A delicate bar of cartilage connecting the dorsal and ventral extremities of the first pair of bronchial cartilages in the syrinx of birds" [http://www.encyclo.co.uk/webster/P/64] is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ is_a: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element relationship: part_of UBERON:0009074 ! syrinx organ [Term] id: UBERON:0009089 name: inner medulla vasa recta descending limb xref: KUPO:0001003 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004776 {source="KUPO"} ! inner renal medulla vasa recta [Term] id: UBERON:0009090 name: outer medulla vasa recta descending limb xref: KUPO:0001004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004775 {source="KUPO"} ! outer renal medulla vasa recta [Term] id: UBERON:0009091 name: vasa recta ascending limb xref: KUPO:0001005 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004726 {source="KUPO"} ! vasa recta [Term] id: UBERON:0009092 name: inner medulla vasa recta ascending limb xref: KUPO:0001006 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004776 {source="KUPO"} ! inner renal medulla vasa recta [Term] id: UBERON:0009093 name: outer medulla vasa recta ascending limb xref: KUPO:0001007 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004775 {source="KUPO"} ! outer renal medulla vasa recta [Term] id: UBERON:0009095 name: tip of renal papilla synonym: "papillary tip" EXACT [KUPO:0001009] synonym: "papillary tips" EXACT PLURAL [KUPO:0001009] xref: KUPO:0001009 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001228 {source="KUPO"} ! renal papilla [Term] id: UBERON:0009096 name: gravid stage def: "The adult stage at which the organism contains a developing embryo, fetus, or unborn offspring within the body." [BTO:0004733] synonym: "gravid" RELATED [BTO:0004733] synonym: "pregnant adult stage" RELATED [BTO:0004733] synonym: "pregnant stage" RELATED [BTO:0004733] xref: BTO:0004733 is_a: UBERON:0000113 {source="BTO"} ! post-juvenile adult stage [Term] id: UBERON:0009097 name: gravid organism def: "An organism containing a developing embryo, fetus, or unborn offspring within the body." [BTO:0004733] synonym: "pregnant organism" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0007023 ! adult organism relationship: has_part UBERON:0000922 intersection_of: UBERON:0007023 ! adult organism intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: existence_ends_with UBERON:0009096 ! gravid stage relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0009096 ! gravid stage relationship: has_part UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0009098 name: gravid uterus def: "The uterus in pregnancy" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gravid+uterus] xref: ncithesaurus:Gravid_Uterus xref: ncithesaurus:Pregnant_Uterus xref: SCTID:362253003 is_a: UBERON:0000995 ! uterus relationship: contains UBERON:0000922 intersection_of: UBERON:0000995 ! uterus intersection_of: contains UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: contains UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0009097 ! gravid organism [Term] id: UBERON:0009099 name: typhlosole def: "an invagination of the intestinal epithelium that emanates from a lamina of mesenchymal cells located between the dorsal aorta and the upper intestine and constitute one of the two principal hematopoietic organs at the ammocoete stage of development." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2093943/, Wikipedia:Typhlosole] is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001277 ! intestinal epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0009101 ! ammocoete [Term] id: UBERON:0009100 name: nephric fold comment: Lymphocytes are also abundant in the lamprey kidney, where large populations are intermingled around the renal tubules is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0009101 ! ammocoete [Term] id: UBERON:0009101 name: ammocoete def: "lamprey at larval stage" [] is_a: UBERON:0002548 ! larva [Term] id: UBERON:0009102 name: supraneural body def: "One of the primary immunological organs of the adult lamprey is the supraneural body. This structure lies dorsal to spinal column and becomes heavily populated with lymphocytes following after immune challenge [13–15]. The supraneural body from hematopoietically stimulated lampreys appears to be histologically-similar to ‘bone marrow’ in higher vertebrates and contains all blood cell lineages and their precursors, including lymphocytes at all stages of maturity[16]." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2823822/#R16] subset: organ_slim synonym: "dorsal fat body" EXACT [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2093943/] synonym: "pro-vertebral arch" EXACT [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2093943/] is_a: UBERON:0004177 ! hemopoietic organ is_a: UBERON:0005057 ! immune organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system [Term] id: UBERON:0009113 name: thymic region is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000974 {source="EHDAA2-modified"} ! neck relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002224 {source="MA-modified"} ! thoracic cavity relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003728 ! mediastinum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 ! anterior region of body [Term] id: UBERON:0009114 name: cervical thymus def: "A mature thymus that is entirely part of the cervical region." [UBERON:cjm] comment: A cervical thymus is a pathological structure in a human - it can form during the migration of the thymus to its location in the mediastinum. Some mice have a cervical thymus. There are examples of cervical thymi in marsupials and prosimians[ISBN-10:0781714125] subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0002370 ! thymus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 intersection_of: UBERON:0002370 ! thymus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000974 ! neck [Term] id: UBERON:0009115 name: thoracic thymus def: "A mature thymus that is entirely part of thoracic region." [UBERON:cjm] subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0002370 ! thymus is_a: UBERON:0005178 ! thoracic cavity organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 intersection_of: UBERON:0002370 ! thymus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002224 ! thoracic cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0009116 name: thymoid def: "A thymus-like lympho-epithelial structures, in the tips of the gill filaments and the neighbouring secondary lamellae (both within the gill basket) of lamprey larvae." [PMID:21293377] comment: Genes: FOXN1 subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003295 ! pharyngeal gland is_a: UBERON:0004177 ! hemopoietic organ is_a: UBERON:0005057 ! immune organ is_a: UBERON:0005058 ! hemolymphoid system gland is_a: UBERON:0006925 ! digestive gland is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002390 ! hematopoietic system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system relationship: part_of UBERON:0009101 ! ammocoete relationship: part_of UBERON:0009119 ! branchial basket [Term] id: UBERON:0009117 name: indifferent gonad def: "A gonad prior to differentiating into a definitive testis or ovary." [http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=8981] comment: typically part of the embryo - however, in male tammar wallabies the gonads are indifferent at the neonatal stage[8827321] subset: organ_slim xref: EHDAA2:0000716 xref: ncithesaurus:Indifferent_Gonad is_a: UBERON:0000991 ! gonad relationship: part_of UBERON:0009196 ! indifferent external genitalia [Term] id: UBERON:0009118 name: marsupial pouch synonym: "pouch" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure [Term] id: UBERON:0009119 name: branchial basket def: "the network-like cartilaginous skeleton of the gill region of Petromyzontiformes and Holocephali" [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/DicPics/branchial%20basket.htm] subset: cyclostome_subset synonym: "gill basket" EXACT [http://www.briancoad.com/dictionary/DicPics/branchial%20basket.htm] xref: http://dev.duit.uwa.edu.au/zoology/media/lamp/E19.jpg is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="PMID:19924811"} ! neural crest relationship: has_part UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0009120 name: gill filament def: "Portion of tissue that projects outward from the gill and is a thread-like, soft, red respiratory and excretory structure." [http:www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/G.htm, ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-961014-576] synonym: "gill filaments" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000667] xref: BTO:0002150 xref: TAO:0000667 xref: ZFA:0000667 is_a: UBERON:0000479 {source="ZFA"} ! tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002535 {source="ZFA"} ! gill property_value: external_definition "Branched region of the gill where respiratory exchange takes place. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000667", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009121 name: vomeronasal nerve def: "Nerve carrying fibers from the vomeronasal organ to the accessory olfactory bulb[AAO]. originates in the olfactory epithelial cells of Jacobson's organ, and that passes through the submucous tissue of the nasal septum and the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to the olfactory bulb[BTO]." [AAO:DSM, BTO:0001351] comment: in the human this disappears before birth xref: AAO:0010608 xref: BTO:0001351 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1005018 is_a: UBERON:0001785 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! cranial nerve relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003050 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} ! olfactory placode relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003367 {source="Wikipedia"} ! epithelium of vomeronasal organ property_value: external_definition "Nerve carrying fibers from the vomeronasal organ to the accessory olfactory bulb.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010608", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:DSM"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009122 name: adenohypophyseal placode def: "The adenohypophyseal placode forms the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and gives rise to the endocrine secretory cells of the pituitary" [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53175/] comment: Editor notes: consider adding more detailed spatial placement - e.g. oral ectoderm and/or rostal ectoderm. Addtional notes: Fate-mapping studies in amphibian, chick and mouse embryos (Eagleson et al., 1986; 1995; Couly and Le Douarin, 1985; Cobos et al., 2001; Osumi-Yamachita et al., 1994; Kawamura et al., 2002) have shown that the cells contributing to the adenohypophysis develop at the midline of the anterior neural ridge, which delineates the rostral boundary of the neural plate, a region devoid of neural crest. The anterior neural ridge also gives rise to the olfactory placodes and some forebrain tissues including the olfactory bulbs (reviewed in Papalopulu, 1995). Ablation of this region in chick embryos at the 2-4 somite stage confirmed these lineage analyses as it prevented formation of Rathke’s pouch and any further pituitary development (elAmraoui and Dubois, 1993). Upon head folding, the oral ectoderm cells of the adenohypophyseal placode invaginate towards the prospective ventral diencephalon to form Rathke’s pouch, the anlage of the adenohypophysis. Rathke’s pouch starts as an invagination of the oral ectoderm in response to inductive signals from the prospective diencephalon. The region of the diencephalon above the pouch is known as the infundibulum and forms the posterior lobe of the pituitary or neurohypohysis (Figure 3). While in most basal fish and tetrapods the adenohypophyseal anlagen invaginates to form Rathke’s pouch, in teleost fish the adenohypophyseal placode does not invaginate but rather maintains its initial organization forming a solid structure in the head (reviewed in Pogoda and Hammerschmidt; 2009) synonym: "pituitary placode" RELATED [ZFA:0001198] xref: TAO:0001198 xref: XAO:0004208 xref: ZFA:0001198 is_a: UBERON:0002546 ! cranial placode is_a: UBERON:0011814 {source="NBK53175"} ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005497 {source="ZFA"} ! non-neural ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0009123 name: otic cup is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003069 {source="NBK53175"} ! otic placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009124 name: geniculate placode def: "Rostralmost epibranchial placode. Associated with 1st branchial cleft." [NBK:NBK53175] comment: Taxonomic equivalence to EHDAA2 class made on basis of shared development synonym: "epibranchial placode 1" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004206] synonym: "facial epibranchial placode" EXACT [XAO:0004211] synonym: "facial placode" EXACT [ZFA:0001295] xref: EHDAA2:0004206 xref: TAO:0001295 xref: XAO:0004211 xref: ZFA:0001295 is_a: UBERON:0003078 {source="ZFA"} ! epibranchial placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009125 name: petrosal placode def: "Epibranchial placode between geniculate and nodose. Associated with 2nd branchial cleft." [NBK:NBK53175] comment: Taxonomic equivalence to EHDAA2 class made on basis of shared development synonym: "epibranchial placode 2" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004207] synonym: "glossopharyngeal epibranchial placode" EXACT [XAO:0004212] synonym: "glossopharyngeal placode" EXACT [ZFA:0001296] xref: EHDAA2:0004207 xref: TAO:0001296 xref: XAO:0004212 xref: ZFA:0001296 is_a: UBERON:0003078 {source="ZFA"} ! epibranchial placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009126 name: nodosal placode def: "Caudalmost epibranchial placode. Associated with 3rd branchial cleft." [NBK:NBK53175] comment: Taxonomic equivalence to EHDAA2 class made on basis of shared development synonym: "epibranchial placode 3" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004208] synonym: "nodose placode" EXACT [XAO:0004213] synonym: "vagal epibranchial placode" EXACT [XAO:0004213] xref: EHDAA2:0004208 xref: XAO:0004213 is_a: UBERON:0003078 {source="NBK53175"} ! epibranchial placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009127 name: epibranchial ganglion def: "Cranial ganglion which develops from an epibranchial placode." [PMID:20133851, ZFIN:curator] comment: Epibranchial ganglia orchestrate the development of the cranial neurogenic crest synonym: "epibranchial ganglia" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001555] xref: TAO:0001555 xref: ZFA:0001555 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial ganglion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003078 intersection_of: UBERON:0001714 ! cranial ganglion intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003078 ! epibranchial placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003078 ! epibranchial placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003078 {source="NBK53175"} ! epibranchial placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009128 name: lateral line placode synonym: "lateral line placodes" RELATED PLURAL [XAO:0000440] xref: AAO:0010718 xref: XAO:0000440 is_a: UBERON:0009955 {source="NBK53175"} ! neurogenic placode property_value: external_definition "Specialized series of dorsolateral ectodermal placodes.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010718", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:SIQ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009129 name: right atrium endocardium synonym: "endocardium of right atrium" EXACT [FMA:7281] synonym: "right atrial endocardium" EXACT [FMA:7281] synonym: "right atrium endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0001228] xref: EHDAA2:0000274 xref: FMA:7281 xref: SCTID:3194006 xref: VHOG:0001228 is_a: UBERON:0000487 ! simple squamous epithelium is_a: UBERON:0002166 ! endocardium of atrium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 intersection_of: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005092 {source="EHDAA2"} ! right horn of sinus venosus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002078 ! right atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006218 {source="EHDAA2"} ! common atrial chamber [Term] id: UBERON:0009130 name: dorsal meso-duodenum xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000411 xref: SCTID:361433003 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 {source="EHDAA2"} ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005712 {source="EHDAA2"} ! midgut duodenum mesentery [Term] id: UBERON:0009131 name: obsolete midbrain vesicle comment: Semantics of EHDAA2 class unclear - part of midbrain is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0009132 name: peroneus def: "a group of three muscles fibularis (peronæus) longus, brevis, and tertius originating on the fibula and inserting on the metatarsals" [Wikipedia:Fibularis_muscles] synonym: "fibularis" EXACT [] synonym: "fibularis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "peroneal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "peroneal muscle group" EXACT [] synonym: "peroneal muscles" EXACT [] synonym: "peroneus muscle" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001450 xref: EHDAA:8297 xref: SCTID:181694005 is_a: UBERON:0002036 {source="EHDAA2"} ! striated muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0004256 ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 {source="EHDAA2"} ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0009133 name: pleuroperitoneal membrane alt_id: UBERON:0009146 def: "A fold of tissue which extends into the peritoneal cavity of the developing embryo and participates in the separation of the pleural and peritoneal cavities." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pleuroperitoneal+membrane, Wikipedia:Pleuroperitoneal] synonym: "pleuroperitoneal fold" EXACT [VHOG:0000757] synonym: "pleuroperitoneal membranes" EXACT PLURAL [EHDAA2:0001483] xref: EHDAA2:0001483 xref: EMAPA:17709 xref: ncithesaurus:Pleuroperitoneal_Membrane xref: SCTID:361429005 xref: VHOG:0000757 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001179 ! peritoneal cavity relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002402 ! pleural cavity property_value: homology_notes "In hagfishes a transverse septum extends upward from the ventral body wall posterior to the heart, partly separating an anterior pericardial cavity from a larger peritoneal cavity. (...) These basic relationships have not been modified by urodeles. The small pericardial cavity remains far forward where it is separated by a transverse septum from the principal coelom, which may now be called a pleuroperitoneal cavity because slender lungs are present. (...) The heart [of other tetrapods] is separated from the lungs (and liver if present) by more or less horizontal partitions that have their origin in the embryo as folds on the serous membrane of the right and left lateral body walls. These grow out to join in the midline of the body. They are called lateral mesocardia (birds) or pleuropericardial membranes. Posteriorly they join the transverse septum to form the adult pericardial membrane, or pericardium. (...) In their partitioning of their coelom, embryonic mammals resemble first early fishes (incomplete partition, posterior to heart, consisting of the transverse septum) and then reptiles (pericardium derived from transverse septum and pleuropericardial membranes). Mammals then separate paired pleural cavities from the peritoneal cavity by a diaphragm. The ventral portion of this organ comes from the transverse septum. The dorsal portion is derived from the dorsal mesentery and from still another pair of outgrowths from the lateral body wall, the pleuroperitoneal membranes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000757", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471090588 Hildebrand M, Analysis of vertebrate structure (1983) p.205-206", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009138 name: right common cardinal vein comment: Taxon notes: only a vestige of the right duct in the adult hagfish (21)[PMID:20959416, S1] synonym: "common cardinal vein right" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004535] xref: EHDAA2:0004535 xref: FMA:70310 xref: SCTID:361507009 is_a: UBERON:0002064 {source="FMA"} ! common cardinal vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0004344 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009139 name: right posterior cardinal vein xref: EHDAA2:0004536 xref: SCTID:361505001 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="EHDAA2"} ! vein is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004344 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009140 name: right subcardinal vein xref: EHDAA2:0004538 xref: SCTID:361452009 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="EHDAA2"} ! vein is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004344 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009141 name: craniocervical region vein synonym: "craniocervical vein" EXACT [] synonym: "head and neck veins" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004542] synonym: "vein of head and neck" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0004542 xref: SCTID:32945007 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004581 {source="EHDAA2"} ! systemic venous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region [Term] id: UBERON:0009142 name: entire mesenchyme alt_id: UBERON:0003313 comment: consider adding new class (EMAPA:16097) for mesenchyme of embryo (some mesenchyme is extraembryonic - e.g. amnion mesoderm) xref: EHDAA2:0001113 xref: EHDAA:177 xref: EMAPA:16097 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="EHDAA2"} ! multi-tissue structure relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0000926 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0009143 name: esophageal region synonym: "oesophageal region" EXACT [RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000654] xref: EMAPA:16700 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000654 xref: SCTID:245404000 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 {source="EHDAA2"} ! foregut [Term] id: UBERON:0009145 name: pharyngeal region xref: EMAPA:16549 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0001454 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001041 {source="EHDAA2"} ! foregut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001557 {source="EHDAA2"} ! upper respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0009149 name: foramen primum def: "opening in the septum primum between the two atria of the embryonic heart." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foramen+primum, Wikipedia:Ostium_primum] synonym: "interatrial foramen primum" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ostium_primum] synonym: "ostium primum" EXACT [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foramen+primum] synonym: "primary interatrial foramen" EXACT [Wikipedia:Ostium_primum] xref: EHDAA2:0001826 xref: EMAPA:17012 xref: ncithesaurus:Foramen_Primum xref: SCTID:308852002 xref: VHOG:0001470 is_a: UBERON:0004111 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002085 {source="EHDAA2"} ! interatrial septum relationship: part_of UBERON:0004154 {source="EHDAA2"} ! septum primum property_value: external_definition "First of the two openings to perforate the septum primum between the two atria of the embryonic heart. [TFD][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001470", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foramen"} property_value: homology_notes "The tetrapod clade develops a complete atrial septum and loses the fifth aortic arch altogether. [ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.620]; [about heart development] In the various tetrapod classes ontogenetic events essentially recapitulate the phylogenetic stages.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001470", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0721676678 p.433", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009191 name: sphenoid bone pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0003446 xref: EMAPA:18015 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="EHDAA2"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 {source="EHDAA2"} ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="EHDAA2"} ! chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0009192 name: basisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "basi-sphenoid pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003447] xref: EHDAA2:0003447 xref: EMAPA:18013 is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="EHDAA2"} ! chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0009193 name: sphenoid bone cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0001888 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005863 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009191 ! sphenoid bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="EHDAA2"} ! chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0009194 name: basisphenoid cartilage condenstion synonym: "basisphenoid cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0001338] xref: EHDAA2:0000166 xref: VHOG:0001338 is_a: UBERON:0005863 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009192 {source="EHDAA2"} ! basisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0009193 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sphenoid bone cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0009195 name: anal membrane comment: During the 7th week the urorectal septum divides the cloacal membrane into a urogenital membrane (ventrally) and an anal membrane (dorsally) [http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/ugenital/genitexterne01.html] xref: EHDAA2:0004018 xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Membrane xref: SCTID:344130000 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006217 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cloacal membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0009196 name: indifferent external genitalia subset: organ_slim xref: EHDAA2:0004021 is_a: UBERON:0004176 {source="cjm"} ! external reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0009197 name: basioccipital pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000165 xref: EHDAA:6033 xref: EMAPA:18012 xref: VHOG:0000959 is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001692 {source="EHDAA2"} ! basioccipital bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="EMAPA"} ! chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0009198 name: craniofacial suture def: "any suture between cranial and/or facial bones." [GO:0097094] comment: Editor notes: we follow GO in dividing sutures into cranial and facial and making a grouping class, but this is not consistent with FMA synonym: "articulation of skull bones" RELATED [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "joint of the skull bones" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0002209 {source="FMA-abduced"} ! fibrous joint [Term] id: UBERON:0009199 name: facial suture def: "any suture between facial bones." [GO:0097096] is_a: UBERON:0009198 ! craniofacial suture relationship: connects UBERON:0003462 {cardinality="2"} ! facial bone relationship: connects UBERON:0003462 {notes="between two adjacent facial bones"} ! facial bone [Term] id: UBERON:0009200 name: limb epidermis def: "The limb epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of the limb, it is a complex stratified squamous epithelium." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] is_a: UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0009201 name: nephric duct def: "A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney[GO]." [GO:0072176] comment: pronephric duct or mesonephric duct is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0004819 ! kidney epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006553 ! renal duct is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0009202 name: vasa recta descending limb xref: KUPO:0001002 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004726 {source="KUPO"} ! vasa recta [Term] id: UBERON:0009203 name: internasal suture def: "a suture joining the nasal bones." [Wikipedia:Internasal_suture] synonym: "inter-nasal suture" EXACT [] synonym: "internasal suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52959] synonym: "nasal suture" BROAD [GO:0097097] synonym: "sutura internasalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Internasal_suture] synonym: "sutura internasalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Internasal_suture] xref: FMA:52959 xref: SCTID:368990004 is_a: UBERON:0011160 ! nasal suture relationship: connects UBERON:0001681 {notes="between both nasal bones"} ! nasal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001681 {cardinality="2"} ! nasal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0009204 name: medial nasal process mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0001077 xref: EMAPA:16810 is_a: UBERON:0009501 ! mesenchyme of fronto-nasal process relationship: part_of UBERON:0004068 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence relationship: part_of UBERON:0004068 {source="EHDAA2"} ! medial nasal prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0009205 name: lateral nasal process mesenchyme synonym: "mesenchyme of latero-nasal process" EXACT [EMAPA:16807] xref: EHDAA2:0000917 xref: EMAPA:16807 is_a: UBERON:0009501 ! mesenchyme of fronto-nasal process relationship: part_of UBERON:0004067 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0009206 name: lateral nasal process surface ectoderm synonym: "ectoderm of latero-nasal process" EXACT [EMAPA:16806] xref: EHDAA2:0000918 xref: EMAPA:16806 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004067 intersection_of: UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0004067 ! lateral nasal prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0009207 name: geschmacksstreifen def: "Area on the rostral portion of the soft palate rich in tastebuds (Miller and Spangler 1982)." [PMID:19295142] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate [Term] id: UBERON:0009210 name: pharyngeal membrane def: "a thin fold of ectoderm and endoderm that separates the pharyngeal pouches from the branchial clefts in a developing embryo." [http://musom.marshall.edu/anatomy/grosshom/z_devbranc.html] synonym: "pharyngeal membrane" EXACT [] xref: ncithesaurus:Pharyngeal_Membrane is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: has_part UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: overlaps UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005879 ! pharyngeal cleft [Term] id: UBERON:0009213 name: pharyngeal membrane of 1st arch def: "separates the first pharyngeal groove from the first pharyngeal pouch." [ISBN10:1416037055] comment: check EMAPA - 3 terms appear to match. We follow EMAPA in making each membrane part of the arch with the same number, though in fact it is between these arches synonym: "1st branchial membrane" EXACT [EMAPA:16992] synonym: "1st pharyngeal membrane" EXACT [VHOG:0001427] synonym: "future tympanic membrane" EXACT [EMAPA:17281] synonym: "tympanic membrane primordium" EXACT [ISBN10:1416037055] xref: EHDAA:3788 xref: EMAPA:16121 xref: EMAPA:16992 xref: EMAPA:17281 xref: VHOG:0001427 is_a: UBERON:0009210 ! pharyngeal membrane relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005872 ! 1st arch pharyngeal cleft relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007122 ! pharyngeal pouch 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 {source="EMAPA"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the endodermal epithelium lining each pouch contacts the surface ectoderm of the clefts to form a series of bilayered branchial membranes, that break down in fish to form the gill openings.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001427", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0124020603 Kaufman MH, Bard JBL, The anatomical basis of mouse development (1999) p.72", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009215 name: pharyngeal membrane of 2nd arch synonym: "2nd pharyngeal membrane" EXACT [VHOG:0000877] xref: EMAPA:16273 xref: VHOG:0000877 is_a: UBERON:0009210 ! pharyngeal membrane relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005873 ! 2nd arch pharyngeal cleft relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007123 ! pharyngeal pouch 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003066 {source="EMAPA"} ! pharyngeal arch 2 property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the endodermal epithelium lining each pouch contacts the surface ectoderm of the clefts to form a series of bilayered branchial membranes, that break down in fish to form the gill openings.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000877", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0124020603 Kaufman MH and Bard JBL, The anatomical basis of mouse development (1999) p.72", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009216 name: pharyngeal membrane of 3rd arch synonym: "3rd pharyngeal membrane" EXACT [VHOG:0000876] xref: EMAPA:16583 xref: VHOG:0000876 is_a: UBERON:0009210 ! pharyngeal membrane relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005874 ! 3rd arch pharyngeal cleft relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007124 ! pharyngeal pouch 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003114 {source="EMAPA"} ! pharyngeal arch 3 property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the endodermal epithelium lining each pouch contacts the surface ectoderm of the clefts to form a series of bilayered branchial membranes, that break down in fish to form the gill openings.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000876", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0124020603 Kaufman MH and Bard JBL, The anatomical basis of mouse development (1999) p.72", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009217 name: pharyngeal membrane of 4th arch synonym: "4th pharyngeal membrane" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EMAPA:16763 is_a: UBERON:0009210 ! pharyngeal membrane relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005875 ! 4th arch pharyngeal cleft relationship: overlaps UBERON:0007125 ! pharyngeal pouch 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003115 {source="EMAPA"} ! pharyngeal arch 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0009291 name: cartilaginous centrum of vertebra comment: cartilaginous centrum of vertebra[PMID:11746457] xref: SCTID:317278007 is_a: UBERON:0001075 ! body of vertebra is_a: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element [Term] id: UBERON:0009292 name: embryonic nasal process xref: EHDAA:4776 xref: EMAPA:16680 xref: SCTID:308881001 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0009293 name: embryonic frontal process synonym: "frontal process" EXACT [VHOG:0001323] xref: EHDAA:4780 xref: EMAPA:16802 xref: SCTID:346265009 xref: VHOG:0001323 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004066 {source="EMAPA"} ! frontonasal prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0009468 name: basiotic bone def: "a small bone in the fetus between the basilar process and the basisphenoid." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/basiotic+bone] synonym: "basiotic" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:95946002 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0009470 name: postsphenoidal bone def: "the posterior portion of the sphenoid bone developed in five separate parts consisting of a central basisphenoid, the two alisphenoids, and the two medial pterygoid laminae." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/postsphenoid, Wikipedia:Ossification_of_sphenoid#Postsphenoid] xref: SCTID:95950009 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 {source="MA"} ! neurocranium bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 {source="cjm"} ! sphenoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0009471 name: dorsum of tongue def: "the superior surface of the tongue divided by the sulcus terminalis into an anterior two-thirds, the presulcal part (pars presulcalis). and a posterior one-third, the postsulcal part (pars postsulcalis)." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/dorsum-of-tongue.html] synonym: "dorsal tongue" EXACT [FMA:54651] synonym: "dorsum linguae" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/dorsum-of-tongue.html] synonym: "tongue dorsum" EXACT [FMA:54651] xref: FMA:54651 xref: ncithesaurus:Dorsum_of_the_Tongue xref: SCTID:66938003 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 {source="FMA"} ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0009472 name: axilla def: "The axilla is the area on the human body directly under the joint where the arm connects to the shoulder." [Wikipedia:Axilla] synonym: "arm pit" EXACT [Wikipedia:Axilla] synonym: "armpit" EXACT [Wikipedia:Axilla] synonym: "armpits" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axilla] synonym: "axilla" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Axilla] synonym: "axillae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axilla] synonym: "axillary region" EXACT [FMA:24864] synonym: "axillary region" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axilla] synonym: "oxter" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axilla] synonym: "regio axillaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "underarm" RELATED [Wikipedia:Axilla] xref: FMA:24864 xref: galen:Axilla xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Gray411.png xref: MESH:A.01.378.800.090 xref: ncithesaurus:Axilla xref: SCTID:362732006 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 {source="FMA"} ! pectoral girdle region [Term] id: UBERON:0009473 name: parapodium def: "either of a pair of fleshy lateral processes borne by most segments of a polychaete worm." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/parapodium?show=0&t=1314575672, Wikipedia:Parapodium] synonym: "paradpod" EXACT [] synonym: "paradpodia" RELATED PLURAL [] synonym: "polychaete paradpodium" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0000914 ! organismal segment [Term] id: UBERON:0009474 name: ascidian ampulla synonym: "ampulla" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0009475 name: ampullar siphon is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0009474 ! ascidian ampulla [Term] id: UBERON:0009476 name: madreporite def: "The madreporite is an opening used to filter water into the water vascular system of echinoderms. It is visible as a small red or yellow button-like structure, looking like a small wart, on the aboral surface of the central disk of a sea star. Close up, it is visibly structured, resembling a \"madrepore\" colony. From this, it derives its name. The water vascular system of the sea star consists of a series of seawater-filled ducts that function in locomotion and feeding and respiration. Its main parts are the madreporite, the stone canal, the ring canal, the radial canals, the lateral canals, and the tube feet. The sieve-like madreporite allows entry of seawater into the stone canal, which connects to the ring canal around the mouth. Five or more radial canals extend from the ring canal, one in each arm above the ambulacral groove. From the radial canals extend many lateral canals, each of which leads to a tube foot. Each tube foot is a closed cylinder with muscular walls, having a sucker at the outer end and a bulb-like ampulla at its inner end within the body cavity." [Wikipedia:Madreporite] is_a: UBERON:0003978 ! valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0008251 {source="BTO"} ! water vascular system relationship: part_of UBERON:0008259 ! aboral surface [Term] id: UBERON:0009477 name: associated mesenchyme of otic placode subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001340 xref: EMAPA:16196 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003069 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003069 ! otic placode relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003069 ! otic placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009478 name: associated mesenchyme of midgut subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "early midgut associated mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001186] xref: EHDAA2:0001186 xref: EMAPA:16256 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010378 ! mesenchyme from splanchnopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010378 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme from splanchnopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 ! midgut [Term] id: UBERON:0009479 name: ectoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000190 xref: EMAPA:16260 is_a: UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0006211 intersection_of: UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006211 ! buccopharyngeal membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0006211 ! buccopharyngeal membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0009480 name: endoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000191 xref: EMAPA:16261 is_a: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0006211 intersection_of: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006211 ! buccopharyngeal membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0006211 ! buccopharyngeal membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0009481 name: cavity of pericardio-peritoneal canal subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "cavity of the pericardio-peritoneal canal" EXACT [VHOG:0000564] xref: EHDAA2:0001441 xref: EMAPA:16283 xref: VHOG:0000564 is_a: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen relationship: part_of UBERON:0006275 intersection_of: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006275 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0006275 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal [Term] id: UBERON:0009482 name: associated mesenchyme of foregut-midgut junction subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000570 xref: EMAPA:16364 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction [Term] id: UBERON:0009483 name: mesentery of foregut-midgut junction subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "foregut-midgut junction mesentery" EXACT [VHOG:0000430] xref: EHDAA2:0000575 xref: EMAPA:16365 xref: VHOG:0000430 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 intersection_of: UBERON:0002095 ! mesentery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction property_value: homology_notes "Although all vertebrates have a digestive tract and accessory glands, various parts of this system are not necessarily homologous, analogous, or even present in all species. Therefore, broad comparisons can be best made under the listings of headgut, foregut, midgut, pancreas and biliary system, hindgut.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000430", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0521617147 Stevens CE and Hume ID, Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system (2004) p.11", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009484 name: dorsal mesentery of mesentery of foregut-midgut junction subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000571 xref: EMAPA:16366 is_a: UBERON:0009483 ! mesentery of foregut-midgut junction [Term] id: UBERON:0009494 name: pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region def: "A portion of mesenchymal tissue associated with an individual pharyngeal arch." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor notes: this represents a part of the entire arch mesenchyme (UBERON:0010046), and is therefore a superclass of the individual arch mesenchyme classes. Alternate definition: primordial embryonic connective tissue associated with the branchial arches, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to facial and cranial nerve-associated structures. [MP:0011262] synonym: "branchial arch mesenchyme" EXACT [MP:0011262] synonym: "pharyngeal arch mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002539 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003099 {source="cjm"} ! cranial neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0010046 ! entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0009495 name: extrahepatic part of biliary bud subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000172 xref: EMAPA:16562 is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007499 ! epithelial sac relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004912 {source="EHDAA2"} ! biliary bud [Term] id: UBERON:0009496 name: intrahepatic part of biliary bud subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000173 xref: EMAPA:16563 is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007499 ! epithelial sac relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004912 {source="EHDAA2"} ! biliary bud [Term] id: UBERON:0009497 name: epithelium of foregut-midgut junction subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000573 xref: EMAPA:16564 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction [Term] id: UBERON:0009499 name: parietal of mesothelium of pericardio-peritoneal canal subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001409 xref: EMAPA:16590 is_a: UBERON:0007185 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal mesothelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007185 ! pericardio-peritoneal canal mesothelium [Term] id: UBERON:0009500 name: associated mesenchyme of otocyst subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001343 xref: EMAPA:16670 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003051 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009477 {source="EHDAA2"} ! associated mesenchyme of otic placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0003051 ! ear vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0009501 name: mesenchyme of fronto-nasal process def: "the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the frontonasal region of the head" [MP:0011266] subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "frontonasal mesenchyme" EXACT [MP:0011266] synonym: "naso-frontal mesenchyme" EXACT [MP:0011266] xref: EHDAA2:0004109 xref: EMAPA:16683 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0004066 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004066 ! frontonasal prominence relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0004066 ! frontonasal prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0009502 name: ventral mesentery of mesentery of foregut-midgut junction subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EMAPA:16714 xref: RETIRED_EHDAA2:0000576 is_a: UBERON:0009483 ! mesentery of foregut-midgut junction [Term] id: UBERON:0009503 name: associated mesenchyme of hindgut subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000780 xref: EMAPA:16716 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut [Term] id: UBERON:0009504 name: associated mesenchyme of main bronchus subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001045 xref: EMAPA:16850 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002182 ! main bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0009505 name: associated mesenchyme of trachea subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0002067 xref: EMAPA:16854 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea [Term] id: UBERON:0009506 name: associated mesenchyme of middle ear comment: Also 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme in EHDAA2 subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "middle ear associated mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001182] synonym: "otic mesenchyme" BROAD [] xref: EHDAA2:0001182 xref: EMAPA:17001 is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005689 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 2nd arch mesenchyme relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0010045 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 ! middle ear [Term] id: UBERON:0009521 name: anal membrane endodermal component subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0004020 xref: EMAPA:17177 is_a: UBERON:0003260 ! endoderm of hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 intersection_of: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001353 ! anal region [Term] id: UBERON:0009522 name: lateral lingual swelling epithelium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000913 xref: EMAPA:17190 is_a: UBERON:0003351 ! pharyngeal epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006757 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006757 ! lateral lingual swelling relationship: part_of UBERON:0006757 ! lateral lingual swelling [Term] id: UBERON:0009523 name: mesenchyme of handplate subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "hand plate mesenchyme" EXACT [] synonym: "handplate mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000731] xref: EHDAA2:0000731 xref: EMAPA:17248 is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0006875 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003413 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate [Term] id: UBERON:0009526 name: maxillary process mesenchyme subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "mesenchyme of maxillary process" EXACT [EMAPA:17361] synonym: "mesenchyme of maxillary prominence" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EHDAA2:0001071 xref: EMAPA:17361 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005868 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005868 ! maxillary prominence relationship: part_of UBERON:0005868 ! maxillary prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0009536 name: vascular element of left lung subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000963 xref: EMAPA:17660 is_a: UBERON:0000102 ! lung vasculature is_a: UBERON:0005629 ! vascular plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0005629 ! vascular plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0009537 name: vascular element of right lung subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001757 xref: EMAPA:17668 is_a: UBERON:0000102 ! lung vasculature is_a: UBERON:0005629 ! vascular plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0005629 ! vascular plexus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0009538 name: mesenchyme of sublingual gland primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001937 xref: EMAPA:17754 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0006297 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006297 ! sublingual gland primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003324 ! mesenchyme of lower jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0006297 ! sublingual gland primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0009539 name: mesenchyme of submandibular gland primordium subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0001941 xref: EMAPA:17757 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0006298 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006298 ! submandibular gland primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003324 ! mesenchyme of lower jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0006298 ! submandibular gland primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0009548 name: hepatic sinusoid of left of lobe of liver subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "left lobe hepatic sinusoids" EXACT [VHOG:0000709] xref: EHDAA2:0001001 xref: EMAPA:18309 xref: VHOG:0000709 is_a: UBERON:0001281 ! hepatic sinusoid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 intersection_of: UBERON:0001281 ! hepatic sinusoid intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0009549 name: hepatic sinusoid of right of lobe of liver subset: emapa_ehdaa2 synonym: "right lobe hepatic sinusoids" EXACT [VHOG:0000710] xref: EHDAA2:0001009 xref: EMAPA:18316 xref: VHOG:0000710 is_a: UBERON:0001281 ! hepatic sinusoid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 intersection_of: UBERON:0001281 ! hepatic sinusoid intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0009550 name: endoderm of foregut-midgut junction subset: emapa_ehdaa2 xref: EHDAA2:0000572 xref: EMAPA:18403 is_a: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 intersection_of: UBERON:0000925 ! endoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction relationship: part_of UBERON:0006235 ! foregut-midgut junction [Term] id: UBERON:0009551 name: distal segment of digit def: "A segment of a digit containing the distal phalanx, and overlapping the interphalangeal joint[CJM]. The digit tip is derived from multiple and distinct embryonic origins, and includes the distal bone with associated marrow cavity and haematopoietic cells, ventral (flexor) and dorsal (extensor) tendons, sweat glands with myoepithelial and luminal secreting cells and associated neurons for innervation, dermis with resident melanocytes and dendritic cells, mesenchyme with resident fibroblasts, skin epidermis with hair follicles, a nail organ composed of six specific parts (the root, nail bed, nail plate, eponychium (cuticle), perionychium and hyponychium)." [doi:10.1038/nature10346] comment: Newborn and adult mice are able to regrow forelimb (finger) and hindlimb (toe) digit tips after their amputation through the distal interphalangeal joint. Regeneration of the digit tip involves the integrated regrowth of multiple tissues within 2–3 months, reaching an external morphology that is cosmetically and functionally similar to normal digits. Most importantly, regeneration of the mouse distal digit shares morphological similarities with clinical cases documenting regrowth of missing distal portions of fingers in both children and adults synonym: "digit tip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "distal digit segment" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "tip of digit" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment relationship: overlaps UBERON:0006658 {source="cjm"} ! inter-phalangeal joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit [Term] id: UBERON:0009552 name: distal segment of manual digit alt_id: UBERON:0004093 def: "." [HP:0001211] comment: in SNOMED this is a surface region. Here we intend it to be the entire distal segment synonym: "finger digit tip" EXACT [doi:10.1038/nature10346] synonym: "finger distal segment" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "finger tip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "fingertip" EXACT [HP:0001211] synonym: "forelimb digit tip" EXACT [doi:10.1038/nature10346] synonym: "tip of finger" EXACT [SCTID:312543003] xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVjpf5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: SCTID:312543003 is_a: UBERON:0005451 ! segment of manus is_a: UBERON:0009551 ! distal segment of digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0009551 ! distal segment of digit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit [Term] id: UBERON:0009553 name: distal segment of pedal digit synonym: "hindlimb digit tip" EXACT [doi:10.1038/nature10346] synonym: "tip of toe" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "toe digit tip" EXACT [doi:10.1038/nature10346] synonym: "toe distal segment" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0005445 ! segment of pes is_a: UBERON:0009551 ! distal segment of digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0009551 ! distal segment of digit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit [Term] id: UBERON:0009554 name: coffin bone def: "the bottommost bone in the equine leg and is encased by the hoof capsule. The distal phalanx articulates with both the middle phalanx and the distal sesamoid, forming the distal interphalangeal joint " [Wikipedia:Coffin_bone] synonym: "equine distal phalanx" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "pedal bone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coffin_bone, Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Distal_phalanx] is_a: UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0009555 name: short pastern bone def: "." [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Middle_phalanx] synonym: "equine middle phalanx" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx is_a: UBERON:0009558 ! pastern bone [Term] id: UBERON:0009556 name: long pastern bone def: "." [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Proximal_phalanx] synonym: "equine proximal phalanx" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx is_a: UBERON:0009558 ! pastern bone [Term] id: UBERON:0009557 name: coffin joint synonym: "equine distal interphalangeal joint" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: SCTID:196392002 is_a: UBERON:0006658 ! inter-phalangeal joint [Term] id: UBERON:0009558 name: pastern bone def: "A bone that is part of the pastern region of a horse limb." [Wikipedia:Pastern] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Equine-dist-forelimb-bones.png is_a: UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0009563 ! pastern region of limb [Term] id: UBERON:0009559 name: metacarpal/tarsal-phalangeal joint comment: Editor notes: We include these joints as being part of the digits; this is consistent with the FMA, and makes classification easier. Note that digit and metapodial regions are part-disjoint synonym: "fetlock" NARROW SENSU [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Fetlock] synonym: "metacarpo-tarsophalangeal joint" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "metapodium-phalanx joint" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0003841 ! autopod joint is_a: UBERON:0011139 ! synovial limb joint relationship: connects UBERON:0003656 relationship: connects UBERON:0004302 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003656 ! mesopodium bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx relationship: connects UBERON:0003656 ! mesopodium bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit [Term] id: UBERON:0009563 name: pastern region of limb def: "a part of the leg of a horse between the fetlock and the top of the hoof. It incorporates the long pastern bone (proximal phalanx) and the short pastern bone (middle phalanx), which are held together by two sets of paired ligaments to form the pastern joint (proximal interphalangeal joint)" [Wikipedia:Pastern] comment: note that digit is used very generically in uberon, to include the homologous region in ungulates. Taxon notes: Anatomically homologous to the two largest bones found in the human finger xref: SCTID:370725009 is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit [Term] id: UBERON:0009564 name: distal limb integumentary appendage def: "A nail, hoof or claw." [PMID:11710767] comment: Consider classifying as something different from appendage synonym: "unguis" RELATED [] xref: MESH:A.13.491 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011272 {source="Wikipathways:WP2062"} ! skin basal layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0009551 {source="cjm"} ! distal segment of digit [Term] id: UBERON:0009565 name: nail of manual digit synonym: "finger nail" EXACT [FMA:54327] synonym: "fingernail" EXACT [FMA:54327] synonym: "nail of finger" EXACT [FMA:54327] synonym: "nail plate of finger" RELATED [FMA:54327] xref: FMA:54327 xref: ncithesaurus:Fingernail xref: SCTID:244197001 is_a: UBERON:0001705 ! nail is_a: UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0005276 {source="FMA"} ! dorsal skin of finger [Term] id: UBERON:0009566 name: intestinal submucosa synonym: "submucosa of intestine" EXACT [FMA:15696] xref: FMA:15696 is_a: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000160 ! intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001262 {source="FMA"} ! wall of intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0009567 name: nail of pedal digit synonym: "nail of toe" EXACT [FMA:54328] synonym: "nail plate of toe" RELATED [FMA:54328] synonym: "toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54328] synonym: "toenail" EXACT [FMA:54328] xref: FMA:54328 xref: ncithesaurus:Toe_Nail xref: SCTID:244198006 is_a: UBERON:0001705 ! nail is_a: UBERON:0004709 ! pelvic appendage relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0005277 {source="FMA"} ! dorsal skin of toe [Term] id: UBERON:0009568 name: trunk region of vertebral column def: "Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the trunk of the body, containing the trunk/presacral vertebrae." [UBERONREF:0000006] synonym: "presacral region" RELATED [AAO:0000612] synonym: "thoracolumbar region" RELATED [AAO:0000612] synonym: "trunk region" RELATED [AAO:0000612] xref: AAO:0000612 xref: ncithesaurus:Thoracolumbar_Region xref: SCTID:281699004 is_a: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002100 intersection_of: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk property_value: external_definition "Region of the vertebral column between the atlas and the sacrum consisting of seven to 285 vertebrae.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000612", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Trueb_1994"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009569 name: subdivision of trunk subset: non_informative synonym: "region of trunk" EXACT [FMA:25054] synonym: "trunk subdivision" EXACT [FMA:25054] xref: FMA:25054 xref: SCTID:22943007 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0009570 name: spinal cord sulcus limitans synonym: "spinal cord lateral wall sulcus limitans" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001265] xref: EHDAA2:0001265 xref: EMAPA:17584 xref: VHOG:0001548 is_a: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0006241 intersection_of: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0006241 ! future spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0009571 name: ventral midline def: "In protostomes (such as insects, snails and worms) as well as deuterostomes (vertebrates), the midline is an embryonic region that functions in patterning of the adjacent nervous tissue. The ventral midline in insects is a cell population extending along the ventral surface of the embryo and is the region from which cells detach to form the ventrally located nerve cords. In vertebrates, the midline is originally located dorsally. During development, it folds inwards and becomes the ventral part of the dorsally located neural tube and is then called the ventral midline, or floor plate." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, PMID:12075342] xref: FBbt:00000093 is_a: UBERON:0002050 {source="FMA"} ! embryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0009572 name: lumen of central canal of spinal cord def: "A cerebrospinal fluid-filled space that runs longitudinally through the length of the entire spinal cord. The central canal is contiguous with the ventricular system of the brain. The central canal represents the adult remainder of the neural tube." [Wikipedia:Central_canal] synonym: "cavity of central canal of spinal cord" EXACT [FMA:242845] synonym: "central canal lumen" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:242845 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0005281 {source="FMA-modified"} ! ventricular system of central nervous system relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002291 {source="FMA-modified"} ! central canal relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001359 ! cerebrospinal fluid [Term] id: UBERON:0009573 name: sulcus limitans of fourth ventricle def: "In the floor of the fourth ventricle, the sulcus limitans separates the cranial nerve motor nuclei (medial) from the sensory nuclei (lateral). In the superior part of the rhomboid fossa, it corresponds with the lateral limit of the fossa and presents a bluish-gray area, the locus ceruleus (which owes its color to an underlying patch of deeply pigmented nerve cells, termed the substantia ferruginea). [WP]" [Wikipedia:Sulcus_limitans] synonym: "s. limitans fossae rhomboideae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sulcus_limitans] synonym: "sulcus limitans" BROAD [FMA:78496] xref: FMA:78496 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gray709.png xref: ncithesaurus:Sulcus_Limitans is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0002422 ! fourth ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0009576 name: medulla oblongata sulcus limitans xref: EHDAA2:0001100 xref: EMAPA:17561 is_a: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0010288 intersection_of: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010288 ! future medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0010288 ! future medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0009577 name: metencephalon sulcus limitans xref: EHDAA2:0001161 xref: EMAPA:17567 is_a: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0010092 intersection_of: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010092 ! future metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0010092 ! future metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0009578 name: myelencephalon sulcus limitans xref: EHDAA2:0001945 is_a: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0010096 intersection_of: UBERON:0005478 ! sulcus limitans of neural tube intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010096 ! future myelencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0010096 ! future myelencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0009579 name: myelencephalon basal plate comment: todo - check EHDAA2 post-CNS-revision synonym: "basal plate myelencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000322] synonym: "future myelencephalon basal plate" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000646] xref: EHDAA2:0000646 xref: EMAPA:17088 xref: VHOG:0000322 is_a: UBERON:0004064 ! basal plate property_value: external_definition "The ventral half of the developing neural tube that is the myelencephalon. [Chordate_evolution_and_the_origin_of_craniates:_An_old_brain_in_a_new_head._AnaT_Rec_(New_Anat)_(2000)_261(3):_111-125, See_Butler_AB][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000322", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009580 name: diencephalon mantle layer synonym: "diencephalon lateral wall mantle layer" EXACT [] synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall diencephalon" EXACT [VHOG:0000912] xref: EHDAA2:0000397 xref: EMAPA:16906 xref: VHOG:0000912 is_a: UBERON:0005883 ! neural tube lateral wall mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0005591 {source="EMAPA"} ! diencephalon lateral wall [Term] id: UBERON:0009581 name: midbrain mantle layer synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall mesencephalon" RELATED [VHOG:0000910] synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall midbrain" EXACT [VHOG:0000910] synonym: "midbrain lateral wall mantle layer" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001172 xref: EMAPA:16977 xref: VHOG:0000910 is_a: UBERON:0005883 ! neural tube lateral wall mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0005495 {source="EMAPA"} ! midbrain lateral wall [Term] id: UBERON:0009582 name: spinal cord lateral wall synonym: "lateral wall spinal cord" EXACT [ZFA:0000996] xref: EMAPA:17579 xref: TAO:0000996 xref: ZFA:0000996 is_a: UBERON:0005496 ! neural tube lateral wall relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 {source="EMAPA"} ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0009583 name: spinal cord mantle layer synonym: "mantle layer lateral wall spinal cord" EXACT [VHOG:0000911] synonym: "spinal cord lateral wall mantle layer" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17580 xref: VHOG:0000911 is_a: UBERON:0005883 ! neural tube lateral wall mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0009582 {source="EMAPA"} ! spinal cord lateral wall [Term] id: UBERON:0009584 name: 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme alt_id: UBERON:0010043 synonym: "mesenchymal region of mandibular component of first pharyngeal arch" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "mesenchyme of mandibular component" EXACT [EMAPA:16385] xref: EHDAA2:0000034 xref: EMAPA:16385 is_a: UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0007237 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007237 ! 1st arch mandibular component relationship: part_of UBERON:0007237 ! 1st arch mandibular component relationship: part_of UBERON:0007237 {source="EMAPA"} ! 1st arch mandibular component [Term] id: UBERON:0009585 name: interdigital region mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0009749 ! limb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006012 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region [Term] id: UBERON:0009586 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2 synonym: "interdigital region between fingers 1 and 2 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000846] xref: EHDAA2:0000846 xref: EMAPA:17447 is_a: UBERON:0009596 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 is_a: UBERON:0009600 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0006026 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006026 ! interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006026 ! interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006026 {source="EMAPA"} ! interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0009587 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3 synonym: "interdigital region between fingers 2 and 3 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000849] xref: EHDAA2:0000849 xref: EMAPA:17450 is_a: UBERON:0009597 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 is_a: UBERON:0009600 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0006029 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006029 ! interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006029 ! interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006029 {source="EMAPA"} ! interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0009588 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4 synonym: "interdigital region between fingers 3 and 4 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000852] xref: EHDAA2:0000852 xref: EMAPA:17453 is_a: UBERON:0009598 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 is_a: UBERON:0009600 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0006032 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006032 ! interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006032 ! interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006032 {source="EMAPA"} ! interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0009589 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5 synonym: "interdigital region between fingers 4 and 5 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000855] xref: EHDAA2:0000855 xref: EMAPA:17456 is_a: UBERON:0009599 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 is_a: UBERON:0009600 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0006035 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006035 ! interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006035 ! interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006035 {source="EMAPA"} ! interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0009590 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2 synonym: "interdigital region between toes 1 and 2 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000858] xref: EHDAA2:0000858 xref: EMAPA:17478 is_a: UBERON:0009596 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 is_a: UBERON:0009601 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0006038 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006038 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006038 {source="EMAPA"} ! interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006038 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0009591 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3 synonym: "interdigital region between toes 2 and 3 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000861] xref: EHDAA2:0000861 xref: EMAPA:17481 is_a: UBERON:0009597 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 is_a: UBERON:0009601 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0006041 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006041 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006041 {source="EMAPA"} ! interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006041 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0009592 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4 synonym: "interdigital region between toes 3 and 4 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000864] xref: EHDAA2:0000864 xref: EMAPA:17484 is_a: UBERON:0009598 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 is_a: UBERON:0009601 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0006044 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006044 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006044 {source="EMAPA"} ! interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006044 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0009593 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5 synonym: "interdigital region between toes 4 and 5 mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000867] xref: EHDAA2:0000867 xref: EMAPA:17487 is_a: UBERON:0009599 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 is_a: UBERON:0009601 ! mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0006047 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006047 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006047 {source="EMAPA"} ! interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006047 ! interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0009596 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 is_a: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006016 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006016 ! interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006016 ! interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0009597 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 is_a: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006019 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006019 ! interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006019 ! interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0009598 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 is_a: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006022 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006022 ! interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006022 ! interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0009599 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 is_a: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006025 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006025 ! interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006025 ! interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0009600 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus synonym: "mesenchyme of interdigital region of forelimb" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003859 ! forelimb mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0009601 name: mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes synonym: "mesenchyme of interdigital region of hindlimb" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003860 ! hindlimb mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0009585 ! interdigital region mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0009602 name: left lung associated mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0000944 xref: EMAPA:16730 xref: EMAPA:17654 is_a: UBERON:0004883 ! lung mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002168 ! left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0009603 name: right lung associated mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0001739 xref: EMAPA:17662 is_a: UBERON:0004883 ! lung mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002167 ! right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0009610 name: forebrain neural plate xref: TAO:0007018 xref: ZFA:0007018 is_a: UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006240 intersection_of: UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006240 ! future forebrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006240 ! future forebrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0003056 {source="ZFA"} ! pre-chordal neural plate [Term] id: UBERON:0009611 name: midbrain neural plate xref: TAO:0007019 xref: ZFA:0007019 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-070928-200 is_a: UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009616 intersection_of: UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0009616 ! presumptive midbrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009616 ! presumptive midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0003056 {source="ZFA"} ! pre-chordal neural plate [Term] id: UBERON:0009612 name: forebrain midbrain boundary neural plate xref: TAO:0007020 xref: ZFA:0007020 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-070928-201 is_a: UBERON:0006800 {source="ZFA"} ! anatomical line relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007288 {source="ZFA"} ! presumptive forebrain midbrain boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0003056 {source="ZFA"} ! pre-chordal neural plate [Term] id: UBERON:0009614 name: hindbrain neural plate xref: TAO:0007022 xref: ZFA:0007022 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-070928-203 is_a: UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007277 intersection_of: UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0007277 ! presumptive hindbrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007277 ! presumptive hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0003057 {source="ZFA"} ! chordal neural plate [Term] id: UBERON:0009615 name: midbrain hindbrain boundary neural plate comment: todo: developmental relationships for lines synonym: "MHB neural plate" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "midbrain-hindbrain boundary neural plate" EXACT [ZFA:0007044] xref: TAO:0007044 xref: ZFA:0007044 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-070928-225 is_a: UBERON:0007281 ! presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 intersection_of: UBERON:0009774 ! embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007281 {source="ZFA"} ! presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 {source="ZFA"} ! neural plate relationship: part_of UBERON:0003075 ! neural plate [Term] id: UBERON:0009616 name: presumptive midbrain synonym: "presumptive mesencephalon" EXACT [ZFA:0000148] xref: TAO:0000148 xref: ZFA:0000148 is_a: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0006598 ! presumptive structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003080 ! anterior neural tube relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010286 {source="ZFA"} ! midbrain neural tube relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0006238 {source="ZFA"} ! future brain [Term] id: UBERON:0009617 name: head paraxial mesoderm def: "Bilateral mesenchymal mesoderm parallel and immediately adjacent to the neural tube/notochord; it generates a subset of extra-ocular, and other head, muscles." [PMID:21610022] synonym: "cephalic paraxial mesoderm" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "head paraxial mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000736] xref: EHDAA2:0000736 xref: EHDAA:364 xref: EMAPA:16171 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0005253 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0009618 name: trunk paraxial mesoderm synonym: "trunk and cervical paraxial mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002094] synonym: "trunk paraxial mesenchyme" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0002094 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000926 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0005256 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0009620 name: tail bud paraxial mesoderm xref: EHDAA2:0003239 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009618 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk paraxial mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002533 {source="EHDAA2"} ! tail bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0003077 ! paraxial mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0009621 name: tail somite xref: AAO:0010383 xref: EMAPA:16860 xref: XAO:0003143 is_a: UBERON:0002329 ! somite relationship: part_of UBERON:0002415 intersection_of: UBERON:0002329 ! somite intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail [Term] id: UBERON:0009622 name: pronephric proximal straight tubule def: "A proximal straight tubule that is part of a pronephros." [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-071029-9] synonym: "proximal straight tubules" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0002239] xref: TAO:0002239 xref: ZFA:0001621 is_a: UBERON:0001290 ! proximal straight tubule is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 intersection_of: UBERON:0001290 ! proximal straight tubule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0002120 ! pronephros [Term] id: UBERON:0009623 name: spinal nerve root def: "The paired bundles of nerve fibers entering and leaving the spinal cord at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and autonomic preganglionic neurons. There are, however, some exceptions to this afferent/efferent rule." [MESH:A.08.800.800.720.725] comment: ZFA has part_of to spinal cord but this causes spatial disjointness violations (CNS/PNS) synonym: "root of spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:14060] synonym: "spinal neural root" EXACT [FMA:14060] xref: FMA:14060 xref: GAID:717 xref: MESH:A.08.800.800.720.725 xref: ncithesaurus:Spinal_Nerve_Root xref: SCTID:362436008 xref: ZFA:0005578 is_a: UBERON:0002211 {source="FMA"} ! nerve root is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 intersection_of: UBERON:0002211 ! nerve root intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001780 ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009624 name: lumbar nerve def: "The lumbar nerves are the five spinal nerves emerging from the lumbar vertebrae. They are divided into posterior and anterior divisions." [Wikipedia:Lumbar_nerves] synonym: "lumbar spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5861] synonym: "nervi lumbales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lumbar_nerves] xref: FMA:5861 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray802.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Nerve xref: SCTID:361600002 is_a: UBERON:0001780 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009625 name: sacral nerve def: "The five sacral nerves emerge from the sacrum. Although the vertebral components of the sacrum are fused into a single bone, the sacral vertebrae are still used to number the sacral nerves. Posteriorly, they emerge from the posterior sacral foramina, and form the posterior branches of sacral nerves. Anteriorly, they emerge from the anterior sacral foramina, and contribute to the sacral plexus (S1-S4) and coccygeal plexus." [Wikipedia:Sacral_nerves] synonym: "nervi sacrales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sacral_nerves] synonym: "sacral spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5862] xref: FMA:5862 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray802.png xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Nerve xref: SCTID:361601003 is_a: UBERON:0001780 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009629 name: coccygeal nerve def: "The coccygeal nerve is the spinal nerve that corresponds to the coccyx bone." [Wikipedia:Coccygeal_nerve] synonym: "coccygeal spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:5863] synonym: "nervus coccygeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coccygeal_nerve] xref: FMA:5863 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Gray802.png xref: ncithesaurus:Coccygeal_Nerve xref: SCTID:287477006 is_a: UBERON:0001780 {source="FMA"} ! spinal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009630 name: root of thoracic nerve synonym: "nerve root part of thoracic spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF] synonym: "thoracic nerve root" EXACT [FMA:14064] synonym: "thoracic neural root" EXACT [FMA:14064] xref: FMA:14064 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_836 is_a: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root relationship: part_of UBERON:0003726 intersection_of: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003726 ! thoracic nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0003726 ! thoracic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009631 name: root of lumbar spinal nerve synonym: "lumbar spinal nerve root" EXACT [FMA:16421] synonym: "lumbar spinal neural root" EXACT [FMA:16421] synonym: "nerve root part of lumbar spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF] xref: FMA:16421 xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Spinal_Nerve_Root xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1613 xref: SCTID:180968005 is_a: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root relationship: part_of UBERON:0009624 intersection_of: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009624 ! lumbar nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0009624 ! lumbar nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009632 name: root of cervical nerve synonym: "cervical neural root" EXACT [FMA:16422] synonym: "cervical spinal root" EXACT [FMA:16422] synonym: "nerve root part of cervical spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF] synonym: "root of cervical spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:16422] xref: FMA:16422 xref: ncithesaurus:Cervical_Spinal_Nerve_Root xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_955 xref: SCTID:180966009 is_a: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000962 ! cervical nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009633 name: root of sacral nerve synonym: "nerve root part of sacral spinal cord" EXACT [NIF:NIF] synonym: "root of sacral spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:18028] synonym: "sacral neural root" EXACT [FMA:18028] xref: FMA:18028 xref: ncithesaurus:Sacral_Spinal_Nerve_Root xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1518 xref: SCTID:244454000 is_a: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root relationship: part_of UBERON:0009625 intersection_of: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009625 ! sacral nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0009625 ! sacral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009634 name: root of coccygeal nerve synonym: "coccygeal neural root" EXACT [FMA:18131] synonym: "coccygeal spinal nerve root" EXACT [FMA:18131] synonym: "root of coccygeal spinal nerve" EXACT [FMA:18131] xref: FMA:18131 is_a: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root relationship: part_of UBERON:0009629 intersection_of: UBERON:0009623 ! spinal nerve root intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009629 ! coccygeal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0009629 ! coccygeal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009635 name: parachordal cartilage def: "Chondrocranium chondrification center that fuses with cartilages derived from sclerotome region of occipital somites forming occipital bone, hypoglossal canals and foramen magnum." [ISBN10:1588903958, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "parachordal cartilages" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001423] xref: ncithesaurus:Parachordal_Cartilage xref: TAO:0001423 xref: ZFA:0001423 is_a: UBERON:0003932 {source="ZFA"} ! cartilaginous element of chondrocranium relationship: overlaps UBERON:0003110 {source="ZFA"} ! otic region relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005902 {source="ZFA"} ! occipital region property_value: external_definition "Rod-shaped paired cartilages on either side of the notochord. They unite, forming the base of the chondrocranium and are replaced by the prootic bones.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001423", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009636 name: prechordal cartilage def: "Chondrocranium chondrification center that that forms anterior body of sphenoid, containing the sella turcica and posterior body of sphenoid." [ISBN10:1588903958, UBERON:cjm] comment: classified as part of chondrocranium based on developmental relationships is_a: UBERON:0003932 ! cartilaginous element of chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0009637 name: alisphenoid ossification center synonym: "alisphenoid center" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0010355 ! ossification center [Term] id: UBERON:0009638 name: orbitosphenoid ossification center comment: merge with sphenoid lesser wing cartilage condensation? synonym: "orbitosphenoid center" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0010355 ! ossification center [Term] id: UBERON:0009639 name: body of sphenoid def: "The body of the sphenoid bone, more or less cubical in shape, is hollowed out in its interior to form two large cavities, the sphenoidal air sinuses, which are separated from each other by a septum." [Wikipedia:Body_of_sphenoid_bone] synonym: "body of sphenoidal bone" EXACT [FMA:52867] synonym: "central body of sphenoid" EXACT [FMA:52867] synonym: "corpus (os sphenoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52867] synonym: "corpus ossis sphenoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_sphenoid_bone] synonym: "sphenoid body" EXACT [FMA:52867] xref: FMA:52867 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Gray146.png is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009636 {source="ISBN10:1588903958"} ! prechordal cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009640 {source="ISBN10:1588903958"} ! hypophyseal cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0001677 {source="FMA"} ! sphenoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="cjm"} ! chondrocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 {source="FMA"} ! basicranium [Term] id: UBERON:0009640 name: hypophyseal cartilage def: "forms around the developing pituitary, and together with prechordal cartilages creates body of sphenoid bone" [ISBN10:1588903958] comment: classified as part of chondrocranium based on developmental relationships is_a: UBERON:0003932 ! cartilaginous element of chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0009641 name: ansa lenticularis def: "The ansa lenticularis (ansa lentiformis in older texts) is a part of the brain, making up the superior layer of the substantia innominata of Meynert. Its fibers, derived from the medullary lamina of the lentiform nucleus, pass medially to end in the thalamus and subthalamic region, while others are said to end in the tegmentum and red nucleus. It is classified by NeuroNames as part of the subthalamus." [Wikipedia:Ansa_lenticularis] synonym: "ansa lenticularis in thalamo" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "ansa lenticularis in thalamus" EXACT [FMA:62070] synonym: "ventral peduncle of lateral forebrain bundle" EXACT [FMA:62070] xref: FMA:62070 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/DA-loops_in_PD.jpg xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010011 xref: SCTID:37467007 is_a: UBERON:0002730 ! regional part of thalamus is_a: UBERON:0002791 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001900 {source="FMA"} ! subthalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0009643 name: central tegmental tract def: "The central tegmental tract is a structure in the midbrain and pons. The central tegmental tract includes ascending axonal fibers which arise from the rostral nucleus solitarius and terminate in the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) of thalamus. Information from the thalamus will go to cortical taste area, namely the insula and frontal operculum. It also contains descending axonal fibers from the parvocellular red nucleus. The descending axons will project to the inferior olivary nucleus. This latter pathway will be used to connect the contralateral cerebellum." [Wikipedia:Central_tegmental_tract] xref: FMA:83850 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Midbrainsuperiorcolliculus.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_1010012 xref: SCTID:369034000 is_a: UBERON:0007702 {source="FMA"} ! tract of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0009644 name: trachea non-cartilage connective tissue xref: MA:0001859 is_a: UBERON:0003571 {source="MA"} ! trachea connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0009645 name: ampullary gland def: "fusiform enlargement of the deferent duct, as it passes across the bladder wall, due to proliferation of glandular tissue in the regionally folded mucosa." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ampullary+gland] xref: MA:0000400 xref: ncithesaurus:Ampullary_Gland is_a: UBERON:0005399 {source="MA"} ! male reproductive gland [Term] id: UBERON:0009646 name: lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk xref: MA:0001163 xref: ncithesaurus:Lumbar_Sympathetic_Nerve_Trunk is_a: UBERON:0004295 ! sympathetic nerve trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 intersection_of: UBERON:0004295 ! sympathetic nerve trunk intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back [Term] id: UBERON:0009647 name: tympanic membrane epithelium def: "One of the two epithelia which make up the tympanic membrane (along with the fibrous layer)" [PMID:11237469, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "tympanic epithelium" EXACT [MA:0001224] synonym: "tympanic membrane epithelial layer" EXACT [] xref: MA:0001224 xref: ncithesaurus:Tympanic_Epithelium xref: SCTID:70839004 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010071 ! layer of tympanic membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0002364 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002364 ! tympanic membrane disjoint_from: UBERON:0010070 ! intermediate layer of tympanic membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0002364 ! tympanic membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0009648 name: eyelid subcutaneous connective tissue xref: MA:0001252 xref: ncithesaurus:Eyelid_Subcutaneous_Connective_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0003581 {source="MA"} ! eyelid connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0009650 name: cortical arch of kidney synonym: "cortical arch" EXACT [MA:0001650] xref: MA:0001650 xref: ncithesaurus:Cortical_Arch is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002189 {source="MA"} ! outer cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0009651 name: nephron tubule basement membrane synonym: "kidney tubule basement membrane" EXACT [MA:0001680] synonym: "renal tubule basement membrane" EXACT [MA:0001680] xref: MA:0001680 xref: ncithesaurus:Renal_Tubule_Basement_Membrane is_a: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 intersection_of: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001231 {source="MA"} ! nephron tubule [Term] id: UBERON:0009652 name: bronchus basement membrane xref: MA:0001832 xref: ncithesaurus:Bronchus_Basement_Membrane is_a: UBERON:0003592 {source="MA"} ! bronchus connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 intersection_of: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002185 ! bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0009653 name: trachea basement membrane xref: MA:0001854 xref: ncithesaurus:Trachea_Basement_Membrane is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 intersection_of: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0003126 ! trachea relationship: part_of UBERON:0009644 {source="MA-modified"} ! trachea non-cartilage connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0009654 name: alveolar artery comment: add child terms xref: MA:0001913 xref: ncithesaurus:Alveolar_Artery is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="MA"} ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009655 name: auricular artery comment: add child terms xref: MA:0001918 xref: ncithesaurus:Auricular_Artery is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="MA"} ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009656 name: obsolete frontal artery comment: insufficiently defined is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0009657 name: labial artery comment: add child terms xref: MA:0001987 xref: ncithesaurus:Labial_Artery is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="MA"} ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009658 name: pancreaticoduodenal artery def: "." [Wikipedia:Pancreaticoduodenal_artery] synonym: "arteriae pancreaticoduodenales" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "pancreatico-duodenal artery" EXACT [MA:0002013] xref: MA:0002013 xref: ncithesaurus:Pancreatico-Duodenal_Artery is_a: UBERON:0001637 {source="MA"} ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009659 name: spermatic artery comment: add child terms xref: MA:0002040 xref: ncithesaurus:Spermatic_Artery is_a: UBERON:0010192 ! genital artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009660 name: adrenal vein xref: MA:0002081 xref: ncithesaurus:Adrenal_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="MA"} ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009661 name: midbrain nucleus def: "Nucleus located in the midbrain." [ZFIN:curator] xref: SCTID:279285003 xref: TAO:0002209 xref: ZFA:0001665 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002950 ! regional part of midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 ! midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0009662 name: hindbrain nucleus def: "Nucleus located within the hindbrain." [ZFIN:curator] xref: TAO:0002177 xref: ZFA:0001658 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0009663 name: telencephalic nucleus xref: TAO:0002178 xref: ZFA:0001660 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0009664 name: gut mesentery xref: EHDAA2:0004566 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001179 {source="EHDAA2"} ! peritoneal cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0009668 name: ventral mesentery xref: EHDAA2:0004569 xref: SCTID:361430000 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0009664 {source="EHDAA2"} ! gut mesentery [Term] id: UBERON:0009669 name: embryonic cloacal lumen xref: EHDAA2:0004586 is_a: UBERON:0000464 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anatomical space relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000163 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000163 {source="EHDAA2"} ! embryonic cloaca relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca [Term] id: UBERON:0009670 name: rectal lumen synonym: "lumen of rectum" EXACT [FMA:14598] xref: EHDAA2:0004587 xref: FMA:14598 xref: SCTID:259740004 is_a: UBERON:0000464 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anatomical space relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001052 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0001052 ! rectum relationship: develops_in UBERON:0009669 {source="EHDAA2"} ! embryonic cloacal lumen relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001052 ! rectum relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001052 {source="EHDAA2"} ! rectum [Term] id: UBERON:0009671 name: nasal fin def: "The nasal fin is an epithelial seam that develops by fusion between the epithelial linings of the medial and lateral nasal swellings. Shortly after its formation the nasal fin regresses and is replaced by mesenchyme, with exception of its most posterior portion which remains as the bucconasal membrane." [DOI:10.1002/aja.1001500308] xref: EHDAA2:0004548 is_a: UBERON:0004906 ! ectodermal gut relationship: part_of UBERON:0002424 {source="EHDAA2"} ! oral epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0005384 {source="EHDAA2"} ! nasal cavity epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0009672 name: oronasal membrane def: "The oronasal membrane separates the oral cavity and nasal cavity. In humans, the oronasal membrane ruptures during the seventh week, producing a single, large oronasal cavity" [http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/martini10/chapter24/custom3/deluxe-content.html] comment: split into two? synonym: "bucconasal membrane" EXACT [EHDAA:7840] xref: EHDAA2:0000188 xref: EHDAA:7840 xref: EHDAA:7984 is_a: UBERON:0004906 ! ectodermal gut relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009671 {source="EHDAA2"} ! nasal fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 {source="EHDAA2"} ! oral opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0005384 {source="EHDAA2"} ! nasal cavity epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0009673 name: accessory XI nerve cranial component comment: Editors/usage notes: May be obsoleted in future. WP states: Traditional descriptions of the accessory nerve divide it into two parts: a spinal part and a cranial part.[1] But because the cranial component rapidly joins the vagus nerve and serves the same function as other vagal nerve fibers, modern descriptions often consider the cranial component part of the vagus nerve and not part of the accessory nerve proper.[2] Thus in contemporary discussions of the accessory nerve, the common practice is to dismiss the cranial part altogether, referring to the accessory nerve specifically as the spinal accessory nerve. xref: EHDAA2:0000107 xref: EHDAA:5574 xref: EMAPA:17266 xref: MA:0001089 xref: VHOG:0001174 is_a: UBERON:0001785 ! cranial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002019 {source="MA"} ! accessory XI nerve property_value: homology_notes "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001174", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009674 name: accessory XI nerve spinal component xref: EHDAA2:0000108 xref: EHDAA:5576 xref: EMAPA:17160 xref: MA:0001090 xref: VHOG:0001115 is_a: UBERON:0001780 {source="MA"} ! spinal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002019 {source="EHDAA2"} ! accessory XI nerve property_value: homology_notes "Cranial nerves XI and XII evolved in the common ancestor to amniotes (non-amphibian tetrapods) thus totalling twelve pairs.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001115", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_nerves"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009675 name: facial VII nerve chorda tympani branch xref: EHDAA2:0000490 xref: EHDAA:3719 xref: EMAPA:18217 xref: MA:0001092 xref: VHOG:0001343 is_a: UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001647 {source="EHDAA2"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009676 name: telencephalic vesicle comment: todo - all vesicles xref: EHDAA2:0001981 xref: EHDAA:1993 xref: EHDAA:2671 xref: EMAPA:16914 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0009678 name: tooth row def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of adjacent teeth constituting a row." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "dental arcade" EXACT [FMA:59415] synonym: "row of teeth" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "tooth rows" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001642] xref: FMA:59415 xref: TAO:0001667 xref: ZFA:0001642 is_a: UBERON:0003672 ! dentition [Term] id: UBERON:0009679 name: set of lower jaw teeth synonym: "arcus dentalis inferior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "lower dental arcade" EXACT [FMA:55635] synonym: "lower jaw teeth" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001029] synonym: "mandibular dental arcade" RELATED [FMA:55635] synonym: "set of all lower teeth" EXACT [FMA:55635] xref: EHDAA2:0001029 xref: FMA:55635 is_a: UBERON:0009678 ! tooth row is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 intersection_of: UBERON:0009678 ! tooth row intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0009680 name: set of upper jaw teeth synonym: "arcus dentalis superior" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "maxillary dental arcade" RELATED [FMA:55634] synonym: "set of all upper teeth" EXACT [FMA:55634] synonym: "upper dental arcade" EXACT [FMA:55634] synonym: "upper jaw teeth" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002129] xref: EHDAA2:0002129 xref: FMA:55634 is_a: UBERON:0009678 ! tooth row relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 intersection_of: UBERON:0009678 ! tooth row intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0009687 name: middle cardiac vein synonym: "lesser cardiac vein" EXACT [FMA:4713] synonym: "posterior interventricular vein" EXACT [FMA:4713] xref: EHDAA2:0004509 xref: FMA:4713 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Cardiac_Vein xref: SCTID:277729002 is_a: UBERON:0004148 {source="FMA"} ! coronary vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009688 name: posterior inferior cerebellar artery synonym: "posterior inferior cerebellar artery" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000660] xref: EHDAA2:0000660 xref: FMA:50518 xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Inferior_Cerebellar_Artery xref: SCTID:244212001 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001535 {source="FMA"} ! vertebral artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001535 {source="EHDAA2"} ! vertebral artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001535 {source="FMA"} ! vertebral artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009689 name: anterior inferior cerebellar artery xref: EHDAA2:0000587 xref: FMA:50544 xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Inferior_Cerebellar_Artery xref: SCTID:244213006 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003472 ! cerebellar artery is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001633 {source="FMA"} ! basilar artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001532 {source="EHDAA2"} ! internal carotid artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001633 {source="EHDAA2"} ! basilar artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001633 {source="FMA"} ! basilar artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0003472 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cerebellar artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009692 name: lumen of pharyngotympanic tube comment: Editors note: Check relationships for conformance with AAO and XAO synonym: "auditory tube lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004118] synonym: "lumen of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:60079] synonym: "lumen of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:60079] synonym: "pharyngotympanic tube lumen" EXACT [FMA:60079] xref: EHDAA2:0004118 xref: FMA:60079 is_a: UBERON:0005082 {source="EHDAA2"} ! tube lumen relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0010060 ! pharyngeal opening of pharyngotympanic tube relationship: developmentally_replaces UBERON:0005625 {source="EHDAA2/Kardong"} ! tubotympanic recess relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0002393 {source="FMA"} ! pharyngotympanic tube relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0010062 {source="cjm"} ! pharyngotympanic tube epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0009695 name: epithelium of laryngopharynx synonym: "epithelium of laryngeal pharynx" EXACT [FMA:62454] synonym: "laryngopharynx epithelium" EXACT [FMA:62454] xref: EHDAA2:0004575 xref: FMA:62454 is_a: UBERON:0003351 ! pharyngeal epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007690 {source="EHDAA2"} ! early pharyngeal endoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0001051 {source="EHDAA2"} ! hypopharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 {source="EHDAA2"} ! gut epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0009697 name: epithelium of appendix synonym: "appendix epithelium" EXACT [FMA:63581] synonym: "epithelium of vermiform appendix" EXACT [FMA:63581] xref: EHDAA2:0004561 xref: FMA:63581 is_a: UBERON:0005636 ! caecum epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007499 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial sac is_a: UBERON:0009854 ! digestive tract diverticulum relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005636 {source="EHDAA2"} ! caecum epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001154 {source="EHDAA2"} ! appendix relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 {source="EHDAA2"} ! gut epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004989 {source="FMA"} ! mucosa of appendix [Term] id: UBERON:0009708 name: dorsal pancreas subset: organ_slim synonym: "pancreatis dorsalis" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0001371 xref: FMA:79793 is_a: UBERON:0002075 ! viscus is_a: UBERON:0002365 {source="EHDAA2"} ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0002368 ! endocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010375 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pancreas dorsal primordium relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003923 {source="cjm"} ! dorsal pancreatic bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0009709 name: ventral pancreas subset: organ_slim synonym: "pancreatis ventralis" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0001393 xref: FMA:79794 is_a: UBERON:0002075 ! viscus is_a: UBERON:0002365 {source="EHDAA2"} ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0002368 ! endocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010376 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pancreas ventral primordium relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003924 {source="cjm"} ! ventral pancreatic bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0009712 name: endocardium of right ventricle def: "Endocardium of ventricle which is continuous tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve and with the tunica intima of the pulmonary trunk." [FMA:9536] synonym: "endocardial lining of right ventricle" RELATED [EMAPA:17341] synonym: "right ventricle endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0001235] synonym: "right ventricle endocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0001235] synonym: "right ventricular endocardium" EXACT [FMA:9536] xref: EHDAA2:0002188 xref: EMAPA:17341 xref: FMA:9536 xref: SCTID:8911002 xref: VHOG:0001235 is_a: UBERON:0001081 ! endocardium of ventricle is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 intersection_of: UBERON:0001081 ! endocardium of ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006567 {source="FMA"} ! right ventricle myocardium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004706 {source="EHDAA2"} ! bulbus cordis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002080 ! heart right ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0009713 name: endocardium of left ventricle def: "Endocardium of ventricle which is continuous with mitral valve , aortic valve, atrioventricular septum and the tunica intima of the aorta." [FMA:9559] synonym: "endocardial lining of left ventricle" RELATED [EMAPA:17338] synonym: "left ventricle endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0001233] synonym: "left ventricle endocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0001233] synonym: "left ventricular endocardium" EXACT [FMA:9559] xref: EHDAA2:0002182 xref: EMAPA:17338 xref: FMA:9559 xref: SCTID:191004004 xref: VHOG:0001233 is_a: UBERON:0001081 ! endocardium of ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 intersection_of: UBERON:0001081 ! endocardium of ventricle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0006566 {source="FMA"} ! left ventricle myocardium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006283 {source="EHDAA2"} ! primitive ventricle of heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0002084 ! heart left ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0009714 name: intermaxillary process def: "the primordial mass of tissue formed by the merging of the medial nasal prominences of the embryo; it contributes to the intermaxillary portion of the upper jaw, the prolabial portion of the upper lip, and the primary palate." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=intermaxillary+segment] comment: Editors note: requires verification. Note EHDAA2 has this as coming from both lateral and medial prominences synonym: "globular process" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:Intermaxillary_segment] synonym: "globular processes of his" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:Intermaxillary_segment] synonym: "intermaxillary segment" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intermaxillary_segment] xref: EHDAA2:0000868 xref: EHDAA:7856 is_a: UBERON:0009292 ! embryonic nasal process relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004067 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lateral nasal prominence relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004068 {source="EHDAA2"} ! medial nasal prominence relationship: part_of UBERON:0004066 {source="EHDAA2"} ! frontonasal prominence [Term] id: UBERON:0009715 name: stomodeal cavity is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000930 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000930 ! stomodeum [Term] id: UBERON:0009716 name: cupular organ def: "Epithelial sense organ containing the cupula housing a gelatinous material elongated from the basement of the organ toward the atrial cavity. The basement of the cupular organ consists of two cell types: sensory cells and support cell" [DOI:10.2108/zsj.27.842] comment: Homology: possible homologues of neuromasts in the inner ear (Bone & Ryan, 1978; Wada et al 1998). In the tunicate cupular organ, the sensory cell is a primary neuron sending an axon to the CNS. The sensory cilium is within a deep indentation of the cell and is surrounded by a collar of short microvilli. is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ [Term] id: UBERON:0009717 name: coronal organ def: "Mechanoreceptor organ found in oral siphon of botryllid ascidians, made of hair cells, similar to the vertebrate octavolateralis system. A possible candidate of the vertebrate lateral line." [DOI:10.1002/jez.b.21013] subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009720 ! oral siphon [Term] id: UBERON:0009718 name: neurohypophyseal duct def: "Embryonic duct that is the rudiment of cerebral ganglion and and neural gland of adult in the ascidians." [DOI:10.1002/jez.b.21013] comment: Homology: candidate homolog for both neural crest and for the combined olfactory and adenohypophyseal placodes (Burighel et al., 2003; Manni et al., 2004a). Development: During formation of the adult ascidian, the ectodermal neurohypophyseal duct fuses with an evagination of the pharynx to form the neural gland rudiment is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0002196 {source="PMID:11523831"} property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0009122 {source="Manni 1999"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009719 name: siphon def: "tubular appendage for drawing or ejecting fluids" [] xref: BTO:0002056 is_a: UBERON:0000026 ! appendage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009894 ! siphon primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0009720 name: oral siphon synonym: "anterior buccal siphon" EXACT [ISBN:0030229073] synonym: "branchial siphon" RELATED [] synonym: "buccal siphon" EXACT [ISBN:0030229073] synonym: "pharyngeal siphon" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0009719 ! siphon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009896 ! oral siphon primordia property_value: foaf-depicted_by 32371:orig.jpg {source="http://eol.org/data_objects/6673409"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009721 name: atrial siphon is_a: UBERON:0009719 ! siphon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009895 ! atrial siphon primordia [Term] id: UBERON:0009722 name: entire pharyngeal arch endoderm synonym: "pharyngeal arch endoderm" RELATED [EHDAA2:0004621] xref: EHDAA2:0004621 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 {source="EHDAA2"} ! gut epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0009731 name: sublaminar layers S3 or S4 def: "One of sublaminar layers S3 or S4." [GOC:plr] xref: CP:0001040 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina union_of: UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 union_of: UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 [Term] id: UBERON:0009732 name: sublaminar layers S1 or S2 or S5 def: "One of sublaminar layers S1, S2, or S5." [GOC:plr] xref: CP:0001041 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina union_of: UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1 union_of: UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 union_of: UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5 [Term] id: UBERON:0009733 name: sublaminar layers S1 or S2 or S3 def: "One of sublaminar layers S1, S2, or S3." [GOC:plr] xref: CP:0001042 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina union_of: UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1 union_of: UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 union_of: UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 [Term] id: UBERON:0009734 name: sublaminar layers S2 or S3 or S4 def: "One of sublaminar layers S2, S3, or S4." [GOC:plr] xref: CP:0001043 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina union_of: UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 union_of: UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 union_of: UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 [Term] id: UBERON:0009735 name: sublaminar layers S1 or S3 or S4 def: "One of sublaminar layers S1, S3, or S4." [GOC:plr] xref: CP:0001044 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina union_of: UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1 union_of: UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 union_of: UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 [Term] id: UBERON:0009736 name: sublaminar layers S3 or S4 or S5 def: "One of sublaminar layers S3, S4, or S5." [GOC:plr] xref: CP:0001045 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina union_of: UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 union_of: UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 union_of: UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5 [Term] id: UBERON:0009737 name: sublaminar layers S1 or S2 or S3 or S4 def: "One of sublaminar layers S1, S2, S3, or S4." [GOC:plr] xref: CP:0001046 is_a: UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina union_of: UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1 union_of: UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 union_of: UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 union_of: UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 [Term] id: UBERON:0009738 name: border of sublaminar layers S1 and S2 def: "The region extending out from the boundary between layers S1 and S2." [GOC:plr, UBERON:cjm] xref: CP:0001038 is_a: UBERON:0009740 ! border between sublaminar layers relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008922 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008923 intersection_of: UBERON:0009740 ! border between sublaminar layers intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008922 ! sublaminar layer S1 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0008927 ! sublaminar layers S1 or S2 [Term] id: UBERON:0009739 name: border of sublaminar layers S3 and S4 def: "The region extending out from the boundary between sublaminar layers S3 and S4." [GOC:plr, UBERON:cjm] xref: CP:0001039 is_a: UBERON:0009740 ! border between sublaminar layers relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008924 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008925 intersection_of: UBERON:0009740 ! border between sublaminar layers intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009731 ! sublaminar layers S3 or S4 [Term] id: UBERON:0009740 name: border between sublaminar layers def: "A region of the retina corresponding to a portion of two adjacent substratum layers." [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008921 ! substratum of layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina [Term] id: UBERON:0009741 name: tailbud stage def: "Any of the developmental stages from Nieuwkoop and Faber stage 20 to stage 44 (feeding), including the beginning of hatching (NF stage 35/36)." [ISBN:0815318960] xref: XAO:1000007 is_a: UBERON:0000068 {source="XAO"} ! embryo stage [Term] id: UBERON:0009742 name: proamniotic cavity def: "the cavity of the developing embryo that is formed within the epiblast tissue prior to the closing of the proamniotic canal by the amniotic folds" [MP:0011197] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0009743 name: visceral yolk sac cavity def: "the closed space containing the yolk, formed by the fusion of the edges of the embryonic epiblast (hypoblast) and later surrounded by the visceral yolk sac (hypoblast and visceral yolk sac mesoderm)" [MP:0011201] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0005251 ! yolk sac cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0008852 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008852 ! visceral yolk sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0008852 ! visceral yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0009744 name: lymph node medullary sinus def: "the channels in the lymph node medulla that separate the medullary cords and are crossed by a reticulum of cells and fibers and bounded by littoral cells; lymph flows through the medullary sinus from the cortical sinuses and into the efferent lymphatic vessels" [MP:0011222] is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002007 ! medulla of lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0009745 name: lymph node medullary cord def: "the dense rope-like structures of lymphatic tissue located between the medullary sinuses in the medulla of a lymph node" [MP:0011224] is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0009744 ! lymph node medullary sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002007 ! medulla of lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0009746 name: head fold def: "the crescent-shaped, ventrally located fold of the embryonic disc at the future cephalic end of the developing embryo" [MP:0011257] xref: SCTID:361453004 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0009747 name: tail fold def: "the crescent-shaped, ventrally located fold of the embryonic disc at the future caudal end of the developing embryo" [MP:0011258] xref: SCTID:361439004 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0009748 name: cephalic neural fold def: "the elevated margins of the neural groove that are located in the future cephalic region of the embryo" [MP:0011259] xref: EMAPA:16090 is_a: UBERON:0005062 ! neural fold [Term] id: UBERON:0009749 name: limb mesenchyme def: "the primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing limbs, autopods and digits, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to limb connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with myotome cells." [MP:0011261] synonym: "limb mesoderm" RELATED [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782] is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0009750 name: spleen mesenchyme def: "the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing spleen" [MP:0011263] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0009751 name: cardiac mesenchyme def: "the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing cardiac structures" [MP:0011264] comment: Editor note: decide whether to merge with cardiac mesoderm. Check start/end stages xref: EHDAA2:0004162 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0009752 name: pancreas mesenchyme def: "the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing pancreas" [MP:0011265] is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0001264 ! pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0009753 name: adrenal gland cortex zone synonym: "adrenal cortical region" EXACT [FMA:69086] synonym: "region of adrenal cortex" RELATED [FMA:69086] xref: FMA:69086 xref: MA:0001887 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001235 {source="MA"} ! adrenal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0009754 name: blubber def: "a thick layer of vascularized adipose tissue found under the skin of all cetaceans, pinnipeds and sirenians." [Wikipedia:Blubber] comment: Lipid-rich, collagen fiber–laced blubber comprises the hypodermis and covers the whole body, except for parts of the appendages, strongly attached to the musculature and skeleton by highly organized, fan-shaped networks of tendons and ligaments. It can comprise up to 50% of the body mass of some marine mammals during some points in their lives, and can range from two inches (5 cm) thick in dolphins and smaller whales, to more than 12 inches (30 cm)thick in some bigger whales, such as right and bowhead whales xref: SCTID:83953006 is_a: UBERON:0002190 {source="Wikipedia"} ! subcutaneous adipose tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0009755 name: spermaceti def: "wax present in the head cavities of the sperm whale." [Wikipedia:Spermaceti] is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0009756 name: spermaceti organ subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ relationship: secretes UBERON:0009755 intersection_of: UBERON:0000062 ! organ intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0009755 ! spermaceti relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: secretes UBERON:0009755 ! spermaceti [Term] id: UBERON:0009757 name: ambergris def: "a biliary secretion of the intestines of the sperm whale." [Wikipedia:Ambergris] is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0009758 name: abdominal ganglion xref: SCTID:280508003 is_a: UBERON:0007134 ! trunk ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0002417 ! abdominal segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0009767 name: proximal interphalangeal joint synonym: "PIJ joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand] synonym: "PIP joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand] xref: FMA:65022 is_a: UBERON:0006658 ! inter-phalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0004302 intersection_of: UBERON:0006658 ! inter-phalangeal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx relationship: connects UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx relationship: connects UBERON:0004302 ! proximal phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0009768 name: distal interphalangeal joint synonym: "DIJ joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand] synonym: "DIP joint" NARROW [Wikipedia:Interphalangeal_articulations_of_the_hand] xref: FMA:65024 is_a: UBERON:0006658 ! inter-phalangeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0004300 intersection_of: UBERON:0006658 ! inter-phalangeal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx relationship: connects UBERON:0004300 ! distal phalanx relationship: connects UBERON:0004301 ! middle phalanx [Term] id: UBERON:0009769 name: left common cardinal vein comment: Taxon notes: the left duct atrophies at metamorphosis in the lamprey (22)[PMID:20959416, S1] synonym: "common cardinal vein left " EXACT [EHDAA2:0000304] xref: EHDAA2:0000304 xref: FMA:70311 xref: SCTID:361506000 is_a: UBERON:0002064 {source="FMA"} ! common cardinal vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0004344 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009770 name: precardinal vein xref: FMA:70309 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="EHDAA2"} ! vein is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004344 {source="EHDAA2-generalized"} ! cardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009771 name: precardinal vein left synonym: "left precardinal vein" EXACT [FMA:70313] xref: EHDAA2:0000127 xref: FMA:70313 is_a: UBERON:0009770 {source="FMA"} ! precardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009772 name: precardinal vein right synonym: "right precardinal vein" EXACT [FMA:70312] xref: EHDAA2:0004537 xref: FMA:70312 is_a: UBERON:0009770 {source="FMA"} ! precardinal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009773 name: renal tubule def: "A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis." [GO:0061333, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] subset: grouping_class synonym: "renal tubule (generic)" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "tubule of excretory system" EXACT [OBOL:automatic, UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009774 name: embryonic midbrain hindbrain boundary comment: merge with presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary? is_a: UBERON:0006800 {source="ZFA"} ! anatomical line relationship: part_of UBERON:0006238 ! future brain [Term] id: UBERON:0009775 name: lateral medullary reticular complex synonym: "lateral group of medullary reticular formation" EXACT [FMA:72573] synonym: "lateral medullary reticular group" EXACT [FMA:72573] synonym: "lateral reticular formation of the medulla oblongata" EXACT [FMA:72573] xref: FMA:72573 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007245 {source="FMA"} ! nuclear complex of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 {source="FMA"} ! medullary reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0009776 name: intermediate reticular formation def: "." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3413098&group_id=36855] xref: TAO:0000219 xref: ZFA:0000219 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter is_a: UBERON:0007245 {source="UBERON:cjm"} ! nuclear complex of neuraxis is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002559 {source="GOC:pr", source="brainspan.org"} ! medullary reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0009777 name: intermediate reticular nucleus xref: ABA:IRN xref: FMA:84336 is_a: UBERON:0002579 ! regional part of medullary reticular formation is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0009776 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009776 ! intermediate reticular formation relationship: part_of UBERON:0009776 ! intermediate reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0009778 name: pleural sac def: "Serous sac, which has as parts the pleura and the pleural cavity. Examples: There are only two canonical instances, right and left pleural sacs." [FMA:9690] xref: FMA:9690 xref: SCTID:361996004 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005906 {source="FMA"} ! serous sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001558 {source="FMA"} ! lower respiratory tract [Term] id: UBERON:0009779 name: cardiac muscle tissue of right auricle synonym: "cardiac muscle of right auricular region" EXACT [EMAPA:16826] synonym: "left atrium auricular region heart muscle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004168] synonym: "right auricular region cardiac muscle" RELATED [VHOG:0000611] synonym: "right auricular region myocardium" EXACT [VHOG:0000611] xref: EHDAA2:0004168 xref: EMAPA:16826 xref: EMAPA:17324 xref: FMA:84280 xref: VHOG:0000611 is_a: UBERON:0003378 {source="FMA"} ! cardiac muscle of auricular region is_a: UBERON:0003379 ! cardiac muscle of right atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006631 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006631 ! right atrium auricular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006631 ! right atrium auricular region [Term] id: UBERON:0009780 name: cardiac muscle tissue of left auricle synonym: "cardiac muscle of left auricular region" EXACT [EMAPA:16818] synonym: "right atrium auricular region heart muscle" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004169] xref: EHDAA2:0004169 xref: EMAPA:16818 xref: EMAPA:17318 xref: FMA:84281 is_a: UBERON:0003378 {source="FMA"} ! cardiac muscle of auricular region is_a: UBERON:0003380 ! cardiac muscle of left atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006630 intersection_of: UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006630 ! left atrium auricular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006630 ! left atrium auricular region [Term] id: UBERON:0009834 name: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex def: "The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL-PFC or DLPFC), according to a more restricted definition, is roughly equivalent to Brodmann areas 9 and 46.[1] According to a broader definition DL-PFC consists of the lateral portions of Brodmann areas 9 – 12, of areas 45, 46, and the superior part of area 47.[2] These regions mainly receive their blood supply from the middle cerebral artery. With respect to neurotransmitter systems, there is evidence that dopamine plays a particularly important role in DL-PFC.[2]DL-PFC is connected to the orbitofrontal cortex, and to a variety of brain areas, which include the thalamus, parts of the basal ganglia (the dorsal caudate nucleus), the hippocampus, and primary and secondary association areas of neocortex, including posterior temporal, parietal, and occipital areas" [Wikipedia:Dorsolateral_prefrontal_cortex] comment: check dorsolateral prefrontal neocortex is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: overlaps UBERON:0006483 ! brodmann (1909) area 46 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000956 ! cerebral cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0009835 name: anterior cingulate cortex def: "the frontal part of the cingulate cortex, that resembles a 'collar' form around the corpus callosum, the fibrous bundle that relays neural signals between the right and left cerebral hemispheres of the brain. It includes both the ventral and dorsal areas of the cingulate cortex, and appears to play a role in a wide variety of autonomic functions, such as regulating blood pressure and heart rate, as well as rational cognitive functions, such as reward anticipation, decision-making, empathy[1] and emotion." [Wikipedia:Anterior_cingulate_cortex] xref: BTO:0004249 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Gray727_anterior_cingulate_cortex.png xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_936 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0003027 {source="BTO"} ! cingulate cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0009836 name: fronto-orbital gyrus synonym: "fronto-orbital gyrus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1243] synonym: "orbito-frontal gyrus" EXACT [] synonym: "orbitofrontal gyrus" EXACT [] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1243 is_a: UBERON:0007193 {source="NIF"} ! orbital gyrus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004167 ! orbitofrontal cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0009840 name: lower rhombic lip def: "Posterior portion of the rhombic lip contained within rhombomeres 2-8. Gives rise to several brainstem nuclei and choroid plexus." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "caudal rhombic lip" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: TAO:0001441 xref: ZFA:0001441 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005507 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 3 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005511 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 4 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005515 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 5 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005519 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 6 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005523 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 7 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005527 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 8 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0005569 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006215 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombic lip [Term] id: UBERON:0009841 name: upper rhombic lip def: "Anterior-most region of dorsal hindbrain within rhombomere 1, adjacent the midbrain-hindbrain boundary." [ZFIN:curator] synonym: "cerebellar anlage" EXACT [ZFA:0001442] synonym: "presumptive cerebellum" EXACT [ZFA:0001442] synonym: "rostral rhombic lip" EXACT [DHB:URL] xref: TAO:0001442 xref: ZFA:0001442 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003052 {source="ZFA-def"} ! midbrain-hindbrain boundary relationship: part_of UBERON:0005499 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombomere 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006215 {source="ZFA"} ! rhombic lip [Term] id: UBERON:0009842 name: acinus def: "An acinus refers to any cluster of cells that resembles a many-lobed \"berry,\" such as a raspberry (acinus is Latin for berry). The berry-shaped termination of an exocrine gland, where the secretion is produced is acinar in form, as is the alveolar sac containing multiple alveoli in the lungs." [Wikipedia:Acinus] synonym: "acini" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Acinus] synonym: "glandular acinus" RELATED [] xref: FMA:55588 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Gray1105.png is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0009843 name: prostate epithelial cord def: "A solid cord of prostate epithelium." [GO:0060527, OBOL:automatic, PMID:18977204] comment: Complexity is conferred on the prostate during a postnatal development phase known as branching morphogenesis. Solid cords of prostate epithelium formed in utero elongate postnatally and their tips are bifurcated into primary, secondary, and tertiary branches in a pattern that is unique for each prostate lobe. Branching morphogenesis proceeds differentially for each of the three mouse prostate lobes (ventral, dorsolateral, and anterior) and is completed by about postnatal day 20 in mice, providing each lobe with unique glandular architecture [5]. It is important to note that the developing human prostate undergoes a similar series of morphogenetic events especially during prostatic bud formation, but gives rise to a mature glandular prostate that is unique from the rodent and features peripheral, central, and transitional zones[PMID:18977204] synonym: "cord of prostate epithelium" EXACT [PMID:18977204] synonym: "epithelial cord of prostate" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000428 ! prostate epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005154 ! epithelial cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 intersection_of: UBERON:0005154 ! epithelial cord intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0009844 name: urogenital sinus lumen xref: EHDAA2:0002142 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000164 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus relationship: develops_in UBERON:0009669 {source="EHDAA2"} ! embryonic cloacal lumen relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000164 {source="EHDAA2"} ! primitive urogenital sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0009845 name: urogenital sinus mesenchyme comment: Androgen receptor (AR) activation releases instructive signals from UGM that acts on UGS epithelium (UGE) to stimulate cell proliferation, form prostate ductal progenitors (prostatic buds), and regulate cell adhesion dynamics to permit prostatic bud outgrowth synonym: "UGM" EXACT [PMID:18977204] xref: EHDAA2:0004061 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0009503 ! associated mesenchyme of hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0000164 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0000164 ! primitive urogenital sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0009846 name: embryonic cloacal epithelium synonym: "cloacal epithelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004585] xref: EHDAA2:0004585 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003353 ! epithelium of hindgut is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000163 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003353 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelium of hindgut relationship: part_of UBERON:0000163 ! embryonic cloaca relationship: part_of UBERON:0003929 {source="EHDAA2"} ! gut epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0009847 name: prostate field def: "a specific region of the urogenital sinus epithelium into the area in which the prostate gland will develop." [GO:0060515, GOC:dph, PMID:18977204] synonym: "prostate primordium" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004902 ! urogenital sinus epithelium relationship: induced_by UBERON:0009845 {source="PMID:18977204"} ! urogenital sinus mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0004902 {source="PMID:18977204"} ! urogenital sinus epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0009848 name: zona limitans intrathalamica def: "A narrow stripe of cells that lies between the prospective dorsal and ventral thalami. This boundary contains signals that pattern the prethalamic and thalamic territories of the future mid-diencephalon." [GO:0022006, GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11425897, PMID:16452095, Wikipedia:Zona_limitans_intrathalamica] synonym: "ZLI" EXACT [GO:0022006] xref: TAO:0001344 xref: ZFA:0001344 is_a: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001900 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004703 intersection_of: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0004703 ! dorsal thalamus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001900 ! subthalamus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0004703 ! dorsal thalamus property_value: external_definition "The border between the dorsal and ventral thalamus.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001344", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009849 name: tadpole stage def: "wholly aquatic larval stage in the life cycle of an amphibian, particularly of a frog or toad[WP]. XAO: The stages from feeding to the end of metamorphosis. Encompasses Weisz's first-form tadpole (equivalent to NF stages 45 to 49), second-form tadpole (NF 49 to 56) and third-form tadpole (NF 56 to 60-plus) stages." [ISBN:0471209627, ISSN:0003-276X, Wikipedia:Tadpole] xref: XAO:1000008 is_a: UBERON:0000069 ! larval stage [Term] id: UBERON:0009850 name: nematode larva is_a: UBERON:0002548 ! larva relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0004729 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0004729 ! nematode larval stage relationship: existence_starts_and_ends_during UBERON:0004729 ! nematode larval stage [Term] id: UBERON:0009851 name: border of sublaminar layers S4 and S5 def: "The intersection of sublaminar layers S4 and S5." [GOC:tfm] is_a: UBERON:0009740 ! border between sublaminar layers relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008925 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008926 intersection_of: UBERON:0009740 ! border between sublaminar layers intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008925 ! sublaminar layer S4 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008926 ! sublaminar layer S5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0008929 ! sublaminar layers S4 or S5 [Term] id: UBERON:0009852 name: border of sublaminar layers S2 and S3 def: "The intersection of sublaminar layers S2 and S3." [GOC:tfm] is_a: UBERON:0009740 ! border between sublaminar layers relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008923 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008924 intersection_of: UBERON:0009740 ! border between sublaminar layers intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008923 ! sublaminar layer S2 relationship: overlaps UBERON:0008924 ! sublaminar layer S3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0008928 ! sublaminar layers S2 or S3 [Term] id: UBERON:0009853 name: body of uterus def: "that part of the uterus above the isthmus and below the orifices of the uterine tubes." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/corpus+uteri] synonym: "corpus uteri" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "uterine body" EXACT [FMA:17739] synonym: "uterine corpus" EXACT [FMA:17739] xref: FMA:17739 xref: ncithesaurus:Corpus_Uteri xref: SCTID:279878007 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000995 {source="FMA"} ! uterus [Term] id: UBERON:0009854 name: digestive tract diverticulum def: "Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "diverticulum of gut" RELATED [FBbt:00100316] synonym: "intestinal pouch" RELATED [] xref: FBbt:00100316 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract is_a: UBERON:0009856 ! sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 intersection_of: UBERON:0009856 ! sac intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0009855 name: echinoderm gastric caecum def: "non-contractile pouch that is connected to the anterior stomach through a slit-like opening. This pouch is also well-connected to the haemal system through numerous haemal ducts within its connective tissue layer." [PMID:20955602] comment: The digestive tract of many metazoan invertebrates is characterized by the presence of caeca or diverticula that serve secretory and/or absorptive functions. With the development of various feeding habits, distinctive digestive organs may be present in certain taxa. This also holds true for sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea), in which a highly specialized gastric caecum can be found in members of a derived subgroup, the Irregularia (cake urchins, sea biscuits, sand dollars, heart urchins, and related forms)... Homologous with the more or less pronounced dilation of the anterior stomach that is observed in most "regular" sea urchin taxa[PMID:20955602] is_a: UBERON:0009854 ! digestive tract diverticulum [Term] id: UBERON:0009856 name: sac synonym: "diverticulum" RELATED [] synonym: "pouch" EXACT [] xref: galen:Diverticulum is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0009857 name: cavum septum pellucidum def: "Space enclosed within the laminae of the septum pelludicum, the membranous partition that seperates the frontal horns of the ventricle. contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that filters from the ventricles through the septal laminae. bounded anteriorly by the genu of the corpus callosum; superiorly by the body of the corpus callosum; posteriorly by the anterior limb and pillars of the fornix; inferiorly by the anterior commissure and the rostrum of the corpus callosum; and laterally by the leaflets of the septum pellucidum. In humans, present in 100% of fetuses, but over 85% of them fuse by 3–6 months after birth." [BTO:0003447, Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum] synonym: "cave of septum pellucidum" EXACT [FMA:61874] synonym: "cavum of septum pellucidum" EXACT [FMA:61874] synonym: "cavum septi pellucidi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum] synonym: "cavum septi pellucidi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum] synonym: "fifth ventricle" RELATED [FMA:61874, Wikipedia:Cave_of_septum_pellucidum] synonym: "septum pellucidum cave" EXACT [FMA:61874] synonym: "ventriculus septi pellucidi" EXACT [FMA:61874] xref: BTO:0003447 xref: FMA:61874 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/CavumSeptumPellucidumDiagram.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Fifth_Ventricle xref: SCTID:180933005 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0004714 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0004714 ! septum pellucidum relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0004714 {source="FMA-modified"} ! septum pellucidum relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0004714 ! septum pellucidum [Term] id: UBERON:0009858 name: outer fibrous layer of periosteum synonym: "capsular layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234354] synonym: "external layer of periosteum" EXACT [] synonym: "external periosteum" EXACT [] synonym: "fibrous layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234354] synonym: "outer fibrous layer of periosteum" EXACT [FMA:234354] xref: FMA:234354 is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0011822 ! dense irregular connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002515 {source="FMA"} ! periosteum [Term] id: UBERON:0009859 name: endosteum def: "a thin layer of connective tissue that lines the surface of the bony tissue that forms the medullary cavity of long bones" [Wikipedia:Endosteum] xref: FMA:32692 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Illu_long_bone.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Endosteum xref: SCTID:57487002 is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002484 ! bone marrow cavity relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0011825 ! loose connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002495 ! long bone [Term] id: UBERON:0009860 name: ascidian digestive gland xref: ANISEED:1239655 is_a: UBERON:0006925 ! digestive gland property_value: foaf-depicted_by 32371:orig.jpg {source="http://eol.org/data_objects/6673409"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009861 name: ascidian neural complex def: "." [PMID:21558186] is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland [Term] id: UBERON:0009862 name: ascidian cerebral ganglion comment: the CG appears to be a diencephalic brain. It originates mainly from the posterior sensory vesicle (Takamura 2002; Dufour et al. 2006) and shows endocrine activity. For examples, ascidian genes orthologous to GnRH and OT/VP, which are secreted from the hypothalamus and the NH, respectively, in vertebrates, are expressed in the cortex of the CG, suggesting that the NC is not distinctly compartmentalized as are vertebrate brains (Tsutsui et al. 1998; Kavanaugh et al. 2005; Kawada et al. 2008; Ukena et al. 2008; Kawada et al. 2009). Moreover, PC2 expression in the cortex of the CG supports possible endocrine activity (Sekiguchi et al. 2007). is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0009861 ! ascidian neural complex [Term] id: UBERON:0009863 name: ascidian ciliated funnel is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0009861 ! ascidian neural complex [Term] id: UBERON:0009864 name: ascidian neural gland comment: assumed to be a pituitary homolog. Current data from the Ciona genome suggests that the ascidian NC, including the CF, is unlikely to be a pituitary-like endocrine gland, while it is necessary to examine other ascidians before drawing a final conclusion [PMID:21558186] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009718 ! neurohypophyseal duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0009861 ! ascidian neural complex property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0002196 {source="PMID:21558186"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009865 name: Hatschek's pit def: "a deep ciliated fossa on the dorsal midline of the buccal cavity (the region of the gut behind the mouth). Among other things, it secrets mucus which entraps food particles from the water[WP]." [Wikipedia:Hatschek's_pit] is_a: UBERON:0006846 ! groove relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009868 ! Hatschek's left diverticulum relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009957 ! ciliated pit property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0002196 {source="PMID:9636084"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009866 name: Hatschek's nephridium def: "an unpaired kidney whose duct opens into the anterior pharynx. It can be seen as a deep ciliated fossa on the dorsal midline of the buccal cavity (mouth). Among other things, it secrets mucus which entraps food particles from the water[WP]." [] subset: organ_slim is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009867 name: Hatschek's diverticulum is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 ! pharyngeal system [Term] id: UBERON:0009868 name: Hatschek's left diverticulum is_a: UBERON:0009867 ! Hatschek's diverticulum relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0009867 ! Hatschek's diverticulum intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0009869 name: Hatschek's right diverticulum is_a: UBERON:0009867 ! Hatschek's diverticulum relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0009867 ! Hatschek's diverticulum intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0009870 name: zone of stomach def: "A division of the stomach. The stomach can be divided based on mucosal histology (glandular epithelium and gastric glands) and the relative position and type of gastric gland." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Stomach#Sections] comment: Editor notes: We follow Kardong in defining stomach regions by gland, but we also include 'body of stomach'. In future we may want to have different partitions of the stomach synonym: "gastric zone" EXACT [FMA:14558] synonym: "region of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "section of stomach" EXACT [] xref: FMA:14558 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Regions_of_stomach.svg/500px-Regions_of_stomach.svg.png xref: SCTID:245415005 is_a: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 {source="Obol"} ! stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0009871 name: nephrogenic zone def: "outer portion of the renal cortex. Site of formation of medullary and cortical elements." [] comment: Taxon notes: see PMID:12761251 for description of nephrogenic zone in dogfish. synonym: "nephrogenic tissue" RELATED [] xref: EMAPA:27721 xref: http://www.gudmap.org/Images/Organ_Summaries/Metanephros/NZ.png xref: MA:0002996 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0009877 name: metapodium region def: "Intermediate segment of the autopod, between the mesopodial region and and acropodial region. Examples: metacarpal region, metatarsal region" [MA:th, UBERON:cjm] comment: Naming conventions for pod terms under discussion within phenoscape group. Editors note: considering adding 'acropodial region' synonym: "metacarpal or metatarsal part of limb" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpus/metatarsus" RELATED [] synonym: "metacarpus/metatarsus region" EXACT [] synonym: "metapodial segment" EXACT [] synonym: "metapodium" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0002529 ! limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 {source="MA:th"} ! autopod region relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region [Term] id: UBERON:0009878 name: mesopodium skeleton def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a mesopodium. Examples: the tarsal skeleton, the carpal skeleton" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "basipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005022, VSAO:NI] synonym: "basipodium skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005022, VSAO:NI] synonym: "carpal/tarsal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "mesopodial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005022] synonym: "mesopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005022, VSAO:NI] synonym: "mesopodium skeleton" EXACT [] xref: VSAO:0005022 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010712 ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0006716 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0010546 ! metapodium skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! skeleton of autopod relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0011584 ! zeugopodial skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0006716 ! mesopodium region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005022", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_distally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005022", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: external_definition "Limb skeleton subdivision consisting of endochondral bones increasing the freedom of movement of the autopodia, and located between zeugopodia and autopodia.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005022", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:NI"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009879 name: tarsal skeleton def: "Set of endochondral bones of the hindlimb increasing freedom of movement of the autopodium and located between the zeugopodium (tibia and fibula) and the metapodium (metatarsals)." [VSAO:0005024, Wikipedia:Tarsus_(skeleton)] comment: AO notes: we assume MA:tarsus belongs here, as there is a distinct class MA:ankle, with the tarsal bone being part of the former. XAO:tarsus is part of the hindlimb skeleton. FMA set-of class lacks definition but we assume this to be equivalent. synonym: "basipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005024] synonym: "hind mesopodium" RELATED [] synonym: "hind mesopodium skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "mesopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005024] synonym: "set of tarsal bones" EXACT [FMA:71339] synonym: "set of tarsal bones" EXACT [] synonym: "tarsal bones" RELATED [] synonym: "tarsal bones set" EXACT [FMA:71339] synonym: "tarsus" RELATED [XAO:0003211] xref: AAO:0000220 xref: EMAPA:25072 xref: FMA:71339 xref: GAID:1223 xref: MA:0000050 xref: SCTID:264228001 xref: SCTID:361796005 xref: VHOG:0001160 xref: VSAO:0005024 xref: XAO:0003211 is_a: UBERON:0009878 ! mesopodium skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004454 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0010545 ! metatarsus skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region property_value: external_definition "Segment of the leg corresponding to the tarsus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the tibia and fibula at one end and the metatarsals at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000220", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "The three main outgroup taxa of tetrapods, panderichthyids, osteolepiforms, and rhizodontids, have endoskeletal elements corresponding to the stylo- and zeugopodial elements in a tetrapod limb. In addition, there are elements that share the position and possibly the developmental derivation of the ulnare and the intermedium. From these observations, most authors have concluded that the stylo- and zeugopodial elements as well as the proximal mesopodial elements have counterparts in the fins of tetrapod ancestors, but there are no indications of wrist or ankle joints.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001160", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/jez.1100 Wagner GP, Chiu C, The tetrapod limb: A hypothesis on its origin. J Exp Zool (Mol Dev Evol) (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009880 name: carpal skeleton def: "In tetrapods, the carpals is the sole cluster of the bones in the wrist between the radius and ulna and the metacarpus. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers (or toes in quadrupeds), whereas those of the metacarpus do. The corresponding part of the foot is the tarsus. The carpal bones allow the wrist to move and rotate vertically, horizontally and laterally. In human anatomy, the main role of the carpus is to facilitate effective positioning of the hand and powerful use of the extensors and flexors of the forearm, but the mobility of individual carpal bones increase the freedom of movements at the wrist. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Carpus] comment: AO notes: we assume MA:carpus belongs here, as there is a distinct class MA:wrist, with the carpal bone being part of the former. XAO:carpus is part of the forelimb skeleton. FMA set-of class lacks definition but we assume this to be equivalent. Taxon notes: The structure of the carpus varies widely between different groups of tetrapods, even among those that retain the full set of five digits. In primitive fossil amphibians, such as Eryops, the carpus consists of three rows of bones; a proximal row of three carpals, a second row of four bones, and a distal row of five bones. The proximal carpals are referred to as the radiale, intermediale, and ulnare, after their proximal articulations, and are homologous with the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetal bones respectively. The remaining bones are simply numbered, as the first to fourth centralia (singular: centrale), and the first to fifth distal carpals. Primitively, each of the distal bones appears to have articulated with a single metacarpal. However, the vast majority of later vertebrates, including modern amphibians, have undergone varying degrees of loss and fusion of these primitive bones, resulting in a smaller number of carpals. Almost all mammals and reptiles, for example, have lost the fifth distal carpal, and have only a single centrale - and even this is missing in humans. The pisiform bone is somewhat unusual, in that it first appears in primitive reptiles, and is never found in amphibians. Because many tetrapods have less than five digits on the forelimb, even greater degrees of fusion are common, and a huge array of different possible combinations are found. The wing of a modern bird, for example, has only two remaining carpals; the radiale (the scaphoid of mammals) and a bone formed from the fusion of four of the distal carpals. In some macropods, the scaphoid and lunar bones are fused into the scaphollunar bone[14] [Wikipedia:Carpus#Evolutionary_variations] synonym: "carpal bones" EXACT [EMAPA:25056, FMA:71335] synonym: "carpal bones set" EXACT [FMA:71335] synonym: "carpus" RELATED [MA:0000040, XAO:0003207] synonym: "fore mesopodium" RELATED [AAO:0000201] synonym: "fore mesopodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "ossa carpi" EXACT [] synonym: "ossa carpi" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Carpus] synonym: "set of carpal bones" RELATED [FMA:71335] synonym: "skeleton of carpus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000201 xref: EMAPA:25056 xref: FMA:71335 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Carpus.svg/200px-Carpus.svg.png xref: MA:0000040 xref: VHOG:0001161 xref: VSAO:0005023 xref: XAO:0003207 is_a: UBERON:0009878 ! mesopodium skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004452 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0010544 ! metacarpus skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004452 ! carpal region property_value: external_definition "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the carpus. It consists of several elements that articulate with the radius and ulna at one end and the metacarpals at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000201", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: homology_notes "The three main outgroup taxa of tetrapods, panderichthyids, osteolepiforms, and rhizodontids, have endoskeletal elements corresponding to the stylo- and zeugopodial elements in a tetrapod limb. In addition, there are elements that share the position and possibly the developmental derivation of the ulnare and the intermedium. From these observations, most authors have concluded that the stylo- and zeugopodial elements as well as the proximal mesopodial elements have counterparts in the fins of tetrapod ancestors, but there are no indications of wrist or ankle joints.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001161", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1002/jez.1100 Wagner GP, Chiu C, The tetrapod limb: A hypothesis on its origin. J Exp Zool (Mol Dev Evol) (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009881 name: anterior lateral plate mesoderm synonym: "ALPM" EXACT [ZFA:0005041] xref: TAO:0005041 xref: ZFA:0005041 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 {source="ZFA"} ! lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0009882 name: anal column def: "One of a number of vertical folds, produced by an infolding of the mucous membrane and some of the muscular tissue in the upper half of the lumen of the anal canal. They are named after Giovanni Battista Morgagni who also has several other eponyms named after himself[WP]" [Wikipedia:Anal_columns] synonym: "column of Morgagni" EXACT [FMA:15713] synonym: "columnae anales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anal_columns] xref: FMA:15713 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Gray1078.png xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Column xref: SCTID:245444007 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000159 ! anal canal [Term] id: UBERON:0009883 name: medullary ray def: "A renal, cortical lobule, consisting of the ascending or descending limbs of the loop of Henle or of the collecting tubules; medullary rays are regions where parallel arrays of straight tubules travel perpendicular to the capsule and extend from the cortex to the medulla." [MP:0011347, Wikipedia:Bone_marrow_of_ovaryry_ray_(anatomy)] comment: Termonology notes: Their name is potentially misleading -- the "medullary" refers to their destination, not their location. They are located only in the renal cortex, and not in the renal medulla. AO notes: FMA says parenchyma, MP says cortex synonym: "Ferrein's pyramid" EXACT [MP:0011347] synonym: "kidney medullary ray" EXACT [MP:0011347] synonym: "renal medullary ray" EXACT [MP:0011347] xref: BTO:0001155 xref: FMA:74299 is_a: UBERON:0000064 {source="FMA"} ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001231 ! nephron tubule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001225 {source="MP"} ! cortex of kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0009885 name: interlobar artery def: "One of a set of curved arteries at the corticomedullary border of the kidney that arise from the interlobar arteries and give rise to the interlobular arteries." [MP:0011315, Wikipedia:Interlobar_arteries] comment: FMA only has the set term synonym: "arteriae interlobares renis" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:TA] synonym: "arteriae interlobares renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Interlobar_arteries] synonym: "interlobar arteries of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71637] synonym: "interlobar artery of kidney" EXACT [FMA:71637] synonym: "kidney interlobar artery" EXACT [] synonym: "renal interlobar artery" EXACT [MP:0011355] synonym: "set of interlobar arteries of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71637] xref: FMA:71637 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png xref: SCTID:62802007 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0009887 name: interlobar vein def: "The interlobar veins are veins of the renal circulation which drain the renal lobes." [Wikipedia:Interlobar_veins] comment: FMA only has the set term synonym: "interlobar vein of kidney" EXACT [FMA:71631] synonym: "interlobar veins of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71631] synonym: "set of interlobar veins of kidney" RELATED [FMA:71631] synonym: "venae interlobares renis" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:TA] synonym: "venae interlobares renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Interlobar_veins] xref: FMA:71631 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0009888 name: Koller's sickle def: "a local thickening of cells that acts as a margin separating sheets of cells from posterior margin of avian blastoderms from hypoblasts as they migrate anteriorly to push primary hypoblast cells anteriorly to form a secondary hypoblast known as the endoblast" [PMID:9693154, Wikipedia:Koller's_sickle] subset: early_development synonym: "Kohler's sickle" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0009889 name: secondary heart field def: "extra-cardiac population of mesodermal progenitors that gives rise to the right ventricle and outflow tract." [PMID:17276708] comment: Taxon notes: "In general, the two studies in chick concluded that the contribution of the SHF was to the outflow tract, whereas the mouse work suggested that the second lineage contributed more broadly to the heart, including the outflow tract and much or all of the right ventricle [11–14]. These different conclusions may represent differences in the experimental approaches used or may represent bona fide differences in the contribution of the second lineage to the hearts of birds compared to mammals [11]. Alternatively, the secondary/anterior heart fields described in the chick may represent a subset of a broader field that makes a more substantial contribution to the heart, as the mouse studies suggested" [PMID:17276708] synonym: "anterior heart field" EXACT [PMID:17276708] synonym: "anterior/second heart field" EXACT [Geisha:syn, NCBITaxon:8782] synonym: "second heart field" EXACT [XAO:0004186] synonym: "SHF" RELATED [XAO:0004186] xref: XAO:0004186 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: anterior_to UBERON:0004140 {source="PMID:17276708"} ! heart field relationship: dorsal_to UBERON:0004140 {source="PMID:17276708"} ! heart field relationship: part_of UBERON:0000926 ! mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0009890 name: anterior intestinal portal def: "opening of the foregut into the midgut" [http://www.drugs.com/dict/fovea-cardiaca.html] synonym: "fovea cardiaca" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/fovea-cardiaca.html] is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001041 ! foregut relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001046 ! hindgut [Term] id: UBERON:0009891 name: facial mesenchyme synonym: "face mesenchyme" EXACT [] synonym: "mesenchyme of face" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0009892 name: ascidian anterior sensory vesicle xref: ANISEED:777309 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ [Term] id: UBERON:0009893 name: ascidian ocellus xref: ANISEED:874489 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0009892 ! ascidian anterior sensory vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0009894 name: siphon primordium xref: ANISEED:1210451 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0009895 name: atrial siphon primordia xref: ANISEED:1210456 is_a: UBERON:0009894 ! siphon primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0009896 name: oral siphon primordia xref: ANISEED:1225922 is_a: UBERON:0009894 ! siphon primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0009897 name: right auditory cortex xref: FMA:242654 is_a: UBERON:0001393 ! auditory cortex relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0001393 ! auditory cortex intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0009898 name: left auditory cortex xref: FMA:242656 is_a: UBERON:0001393 ! auditory cortex relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000955 intersection_of: UBERON:0001393 ! auditory cortex intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000955 ! brain [Term] id: UBERON:0009899 name: pole of cerebral hemisphere def: "The anterior end of the hemisphere is named the frontal pole. The posterior end is named the occipital pole. The anterior end of the temporal lobe, the temporal pole." [Wikipedia:Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres] synonym: "polus frontalis, polus occipitalis, polus temporalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Poles_of_cerebral_hemispheres] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Human_brain_lateral_view_description.JPG is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 ! cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0009906 name: root of optic nerve comment: TODO - check. See comments for optic tract. FMA also has medial root. synonym: "optic nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1328] synonym: "optic tract root" EXACT [FMA:84573] synonym: "root of optic tract" EXACT [FMA:84573] xref: FMA:84573 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1328 is_a: UBERON:0006843 {source="FMA"} ! root of cranial nerve relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0004904 intersection_of: UBERON:0002211 ! nerve root intersection_of: continuous_with UBERON:0004904 ! nerve connecting eye with brain relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0004904 ! nerve connecting eye with brain [Term] id: UBERON:0009907 name: sensory root of trigeminal nerve synonym: "radix sensoria (nervus trigeminus [v])" EXACT [FMA:52611] xref: FMA:52611 xref: SCTID:280188009 is_a: UBERON:0004673 {source="FMA"} ! trigeminal nerve root is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="Wikipedia"} ! neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0009908 name: caudal root of abducens nerve synonym: "radix caudalis nervi abducentis" EXACT [ZFA:0000179] xref: TAO:0000179 xref: ZFA:0000179 is_a: UBERON:0002786 ! abducens nerve fibers is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001646 {source="ZFA"} ! abducens nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009909 name: rostral root of abducens nerve xref: TAO:0000665 xref: ZFA:0000665 is_a: UBERON:0002786 ! abducens nerve fibers is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001646 {source="ZFA"} ! abducens nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0009910 name: posterior lateral plate mesoderm synonym: "PLPM" EXACT [ZFA:0005042] xref: TAO:0005042 xref: ZFA:0005042 is_a: UBERON:0000926 {source="ZFA"} ! mesoderm is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 {source="ZFA"} ! lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0009911 name: lobule subset: upper_level xref: FMA:45737 xref: ncithesaurus:Lobule is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0009912 name: anatomical lobe subset: upper_level xref: FMA:45728 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part [Term] id: UBERON:0009913 name: renal lobe def: "the portion of a kidney consisting of a renal medullary pyramid and the renal cortex above it[MP]. It is composed of many renal lobules[WP]." [MP:0011381, Wikipedia:Renal_lobe] comment: Edtor note: todo - add has_part relationships. Taxon notes: human kidneys have multilobar (multipyramidal) architecture while mice and rats have unilobar (unipyramidal) kidneys[MP] synonym: "kidney lobe" EXACT [MP:0011381] synonym: "lobi renales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Renal_lobe] synonym: "lobi renalis" EXACT PLURAL [Wikipedia:Renal_lobe] synonym: "lobus renalis" EXACT [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis] xref: FMA:17881 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Kidney_PioM.png xref: ncithesaurus:Kidney_Lower_Lobe is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0009912 ! anatomical lobe relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0009912 ! anatomical lobe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0009914 name: renal lobule def: "the portion of a renal lobe consisting of nephrons grouped around a single medullary ray and draining into a single collecting duct; human kidneys have multilobular, multipapillary architecture while mice and rats have unilobular, unipapillary kidneys" [MP:0011382, Wikipedia:Cortical_lobule] comment: Alternate definition: One of the subdivisions of the kidney, consisting of a medullary ray and that portion of the convoluted port (renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules) associated with its collecting duct. -http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobulus+corticalis+renalis synonym: "cortical lobule" RELATED [MP:0011382, Wikipedia:Cortical_lobule] synonym: "cortical lobule of kidney" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis] synonym: "kidney lobule" EXACT [MP:0011382] synonym: "lobuli corticales renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cortical_lobule] synonym: "lobulus corticalis renalis" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis] synonym: "lobulus renalis" EXACT [] synonym: "renal cortical lobule" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis] synonym: "renculus" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis] synonym: "reniculus" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis] synonym: "renunculus" RELATED [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?lobus+renalis] xref: FMA:17670 xref: SCTID:361330004 is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0009911 ! lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 intersection_of: UBERON:0009911 ! lobule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0009913 {source="FMA"} ! renal lobe [Term] id: UBERON:0009916 name: wall of ureter synonym: "ureteral wall" EXACT [FMA:15888] xref: FMA:15888 xref: SCTID:279397004 is_a: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0000060 ! anatomical wall intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0009917 name: kidney corticomedullary boundary def: "the region demarcating the renal medulla from the surrounding cortex; end-stage renal failure may be associated with loss of the normal corticomedullary boundary" [MP:0011376] xref: NEW_MP:0011376 is_a: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000362 relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001225 intersection_of: UBERON:0000015 ! anatomical boundary intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000362 ! renal medulla relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 {source="MP"} ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0009918 name: retrotrapezoid nucleus def: "the loose collection of neurons that reside in the rostral medulla close to the medullary surface, ventral and immediately caudal of nVII, that are crucial for CO2 sensing in the brain" [MP:0011406] xref: NEW_MP:0011406 is_a: UBERON:0007635 ! nucleus of medulla oblongata relationship: part_of UBERON:0001896 {source="MP"} ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0009919 name: ureter smooth muscle def: "the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the epithelium of the ureter" [MP:0011426] synonym: "ureteral smooth muscle" EXACT [NEW_MP:0011426] synonym: "ureteral smooth muscle layer" EXACT [EMAPA:28844] xref: EMAPA:28844 is_a: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0006855 ! ureter muscle layer [Term] id: UBERON:0009920 name: optic neural crest xref: EHDAA2:0001315 xref: EHDAA:1122 is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest is_a: UBERON:0007530 {source="EHDAA2"} ! migrating mesenchyme population relationship: part_of UBERON:0007213 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0009921 name: hypophyseal tube is_a: UBERON:0000025 ! tube [Term] id: UBERON:0009948 name: clavicular air sac xref: SCTID:2574004 is_a: UBERON:0009060 ! air sac [Term] id: UBERON:0009949 name: humeral diverticulum of clavicular air sac xref: SCTID:2574004 is_a: UBERON:0009060 ! air sac relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0009948 ! clavicular air sac [Term] id: UBERON:0009950 name: olfactory bulb plexiform layer comment: check if the NIF class is actually a grouping class synonym: "plexiform layer" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090405] xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090405 is_a: UBERON:0004001 {source="NIF_GrossAnatomy"} ! olfactory bulb layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 ! olfactory bulb [Term] id: UBERON:0009951 name: main olfactory bulb def: "The main olfactory bulb has a multi-layered cellular architecture. In order from surface to the center the layers are: Glomerular layer, External plexiform layer, Mitral cell layer, Internal plexiform layer, Granule cell layer[WP]." [Wikipedia:Olfactory_bulb#Main_olfactory_bulb] xref: ABA:MOB is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002264 {source="cjm"} ! olfactory bulb property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002266 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002590 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0002893 {source="ABA"} property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0004069 {source="ABA"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009952 name: subgranular zone def: "a narrow layer of cells located between the granule cell layer and hilus of the dentate gyrus, where adult neurogenesis occurs. " [Wikipedia:Subgranular_zone] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Doublecortin_expression-2.png/600px-Doublecortin_expression-2.png is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001885 ! dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation [Term] id: UBERON:0009953 name: post-embryonic organism synonym: "post-natal organism" NARROW [UBERON:cjm] xref: MA:0002405 is_a: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000092 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000092 ! post-embryonic stage relationship: existence_starts_with UBERON:0000092 ! post-embryonic stage [Term] id: UBERON:0009954 name: vomeronasal system def: "a vertebrate nasal chemosensory system that is responsible for detecting intraspecific pheromonal cues as well as environmental odorants" [] comment: Editor note: check relationship to olfactory system. Evolution: The morphological components of the VNS are found only in tetrapods, but the genetic components of the system have been found in teleost fish, in addition to tetrapods. In tetrapods, the VNS was thought to be the olfactory system for detecting pheromones, while the main olfactory system detected general odorants (Scalia and Winans 1975). However, experimental evidence suggests that there is not such a clear functional distinction (Restrepo et al. 2004; Baxi, Dorries, and Eisthen 2006; Spehr et al. 2006; Kelliher 2007). Sea lampreys produce unique bile acids which act as pheromones both in migration and mate finding (Li, Sorensen, and Gallaher 1995; Li et al. 2002; Siefkes and Li 2004). However, bile acids in teleost fish are known to require components of the main olfactory signal transduction pathway (Hansen et al. 2003), and interruption of the VNS signal transduction pathway had no effect on bile acid olfactory response (Hansen et al. 2003)[Grus - EVOLUTION OF THE VOMERONASAL SYSTEM VIEWED THROUGH SYSTEM-SPECIFIC GENES] is_a: UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005725 ! olfactory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009955 name: neurogenic placode def: "Cranial placode with neurogenic potential[cjm]. Neurogenic placodes are transient ectodermal thickenings that form at the border of the neural plate and epidermis and give rise to sensory neurons of the cranial ganglia[ZFA]. The neurogenic placodes give rise to parts of various nerves and ganglia, the olfactory organ, parietal eye, parts of the inner ear, and the lateral line. There are 2 major series of neurogenic placodes, the dorsolateral and ventrolateral or epibranchial[PMID]" [PMID:11523831, Wikipedia:Neurogenic_placodes, ZFA:0001309] comment: Includes: trigeminal, otic, lateral line and epibranchial placodes. Taxon notes: While some sensory placodes (otic and olfactory) may have homologues in basal chordates (Wada et al., 1998), the so-called neurogenenic placodes (trigeminal, otic, lateral line and epibranchial placodes) appear to have emerged at a later time (Shimeld and Holland, 2000)[NBK53171] synonym: "neurogenic placodes" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001309] synonym: "placodae neurogenicae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Neurogenic_placodes] xref: TAO:0001309 xref: ZFA:0001309 is_a: UBERON:0002546 {source="cjm"} ! cranial placode disjoint_from: UBERON:0011814 ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode [Term] id: UBERON:0009956 name: corpuscle of de Quatrefage def: "A specialised sensory organ located in the subepidermal connective tissue at the rostral end of late larval and adult amphioxus. They consist of between 1 and 4 nerve cells with axons, each with 2 cilia, surrounded by up to 7 sheath cells. The cilia extend into a protrusion of the basal lamina which surrounds each corpuscle. The axonal process contributes to the rostral nerve." [PMID:11523831] synonym: "organ of de Quatrefage" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ [Term] id: UBERON:0009957 name: ciliated pit comment: Development: joins with Hatschek’s diverticulum to form Hatschek’s pit in the adult. Location: anterior to the mouth. synonym: "pre-oral pit" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0006846 ! groove [Term] id: UBERON:0009958 name: bladder lumen synonym: "bladder cavity" EXACT [FMA:15924] synonym: "cavity of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15924] synonym: "lumen of urinary bladder" EXACT [FMA:15924] synonym: "urinary bladder lumen" EXACT [FMA:15924] xref: EHDAA2:0004058 xref: FMA:15924 xref: galen:UrinaryBladderCavity xref: SCTID:279405003 is_a: UBERON:0002558 {source="FMA"} ! organ cavity relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009844 {source="EHDAA2"} ! urogenital sinus lumen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001255 {source="FMA"} ! urinary bladder [Term] id: UBERON:0009959 name: lumen of oropharynx synonym: "oropharyngeal cavity" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004556] synonym: "oropharynx lumen" EXACT [FMA:55095] xref: EHDAA2:0004556 xref: FMA:55095 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006272 {source="EHDAA2"} ! oronasal cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001731 ! cavity of pharynx relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001729 {source="FMA"} ! oropharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0009960 name: esophagus smooth muscle circular layer synonym: "circular muscle layer of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:67605] synonym: "esophagus smooth muscle circular layer" RELATED [MA:0001574] synonym: "inner circular muscle layer of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:67605] xref: FMA:67605 xref: MA:0001574 is_a: UBERON:0011878 ! muscle layer of esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002112 {source="MA"} ! smooth muscle of esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003832 {source="FMA"} ! esophagus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0009961 name: esophagus smooth muscle longitudinal layer synonym: "esophagus smooth muscle longitudinal layer" RELATED [MA:0001575] synonym: "longitudinal muscle layer of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:63573] synonym: "outer longitudinal muscle layer of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:63573] xref: FMA:63573 xref: MA:0001575 is_a: UBERON:0011878 ! muscle layer of esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002112 {source="MA"} ! smooth muscle of esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003832 {source="FMA"} ! esophagus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0009962 name: excretory gland def: "A gland that discharges its secretion through a duct opening on an internal or external surface of the body, as a lacrimal gland." [Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] comment: todo - child terms xref: BTO:0000431 is_a: UBERON:0002530 {source="BTO"} ! gland is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009963 name: antennal gland def: "Excretory gland situated in the basal article of the antennal peduncle. It functions to rehulate ionic balance" [BTO:0000075, UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor note: consider also classifying this as a renal tubule - or separate terms for coiled/nephridial canal. Editor note: cede this term to Arthropod AO synonym: "green gland" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0000075 is_a: UBERON:0009962 {source="BTO"} ! excretory gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000972 {source="BTO"} ! antenna [Term] id: UBERON:0009964 name: crustacean maxillary gland def: "Excretory organ in maxillary segment with duct opening on maxilla." [http://crustacea.nhm.org/glossary/define.html] comment: Taxon notes: consider generalizing to include millipedes, centipedes. Function: Two different excretory organs are found among crustaceans: the antennal gland and the maxillary gland. Both have the same basic structure: an end sac and a convoluted duct that may expand into a bladder before opening to the outside. In most adult crustaceans only one or the other gland functions. The functional gland may change during the life cycle. Terminology note: http://crustacea.nhm.org/glossary/define.html?termID=327 suggests green gland as the generic term and antennal as the decapoda term. Editor note: cede this term to Arthropod AO is_a: UBERON:0009962 {source="BTO"} ! excretory gland [Term] id: UBERON:0009965 name: coxal gland def: "a gland found in some arthropods, for collecting and excreting urine. The gland comprises an end sac (saccule), a long duct (labyrinth) and a terminal bladder (reservoir). There is generally only one pair (two in some spiders), and they open on the coxae of the walking legs[WP]." [Wikipedia:Coxal_gland] comment: Taxon notes: They are found in all arachnids (with the exception of some Acari), and in other chelicerates, such as horseshoe crabs. Homology: The coxal gland is thought to be homologous with the antennal gland of crustaceans. Editor note: cede this term to Arthropod AO xref: SPD:0000116 xref: TADS:0000080 is_a: UBERON:0009962 {source="BTO"} ! excretory gland property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0009963 [Term] id: UBERON:0009966 name: internodal tract def: "Subdivision of conducting systemof heart which consists of the anterior, middle and posterior internodal tracts beneath the endocardium of interatrial septum and above the attachment of the septal leaflet of tricuspid valve." [FMA:9479] comment: evidence is sparse [http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/simplepage.cfm?ID=-483065798] There is some functional evidence for the existence of specialized conducting pathways within the atria (termed internodal tracts), although this is controversial[http://www.cvphysiology.com/Arrhythmias/A003.htm]. Editor note: include 3 subtypes? synonym: "interatrial conduction tract" EXACT [] synonym: "internodal conduction tract" EXACT [] synonym: "internodal fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:9479] synonym: "internodal tract muscle tissue" EXACT [FMA:9479] xref: FMA:9479 is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002350 {source="FMA"} ! conducting system of heart [Term] id: UBERON:0009967 name: spleen venous sinus comment: See comments for UBERON:0003910 synonym: "sinus lienalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "sinus splenicus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "splenic sinus" EXACT [FMA:62815] synonym: "venous sinus of red pulp of spleen" EXACT [FMA:62815] xref: FMA:62815 xref: MA:0000761 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Sinus is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003497 ! abdomen blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006615 {source="cjm"} ! venous sinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001250 {source="MA"} ! red pulp of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0009968 name: primitive superior sagittal sinus xref: EHDAA2:0001527 xref: EHDAA:9876 xref: EMAPA:18636 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="EHDAA2"} ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003499 ! brain blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0005486 {source="EHDAA2"} ! venous dural sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0009969 name: stato-acoustic epithelium comment: Editor note: required by CL xref: FMA:64804 is_a: UBERON:0006934 {source="FMA"} ! sensory epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0009970 name: epithelium of pancreatic duct comment: Editor note: in EHDAA2, the embryonic pancreatic ducts (dorsal, ventral) are classified as eithelial sacs, which would render them subclasses this synonym: "pancreatic duct epithelium" EXACT [FMA:67681] synonym: "pancreatic ductal epithelium" EXACT [FMA:67681] xref: FMA:67681 is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007329 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007329 ! pancreatic duct relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 {source="FMA-inferred"} ! ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0007329 ! pancreatic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0009971 name: principal gastric gland def: "one of the gastric glands that secretes the hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice[Stedman's]." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/acid-gland.html, MP:0003892] comment: AO notes: FMA has this as part of both the fundus and the body, but these are largely spatially disjoint. synonym: "acid gland" EXACT [http://www.drugs.com/dict/acid-gland.html] synonym: "gastric follicle" RELATED [MP:0003892] synonym: "gastric gland" BROAD [MP:0003892] synonym: "glandula gastrica propria" EXACT [FMA:14921] synonym: "main gastric gland" EXACT [FMA:14921] synonym: "oxyntic gland" EXACT [FMA:14921] synonym: "principal gland of fundus of stomach" EXACT [FMA:14923] synonym: "Wassman gland" RELATED [MP:0003892] xref: FMA:14921 xref: FMA:14923 is_a: UBERON:0000325 {source="FMA"} ! gastric gland [Term] id: UBERON:0009972 name: ureteropelvic junction def: "the junction between the ureter and the renal pelvis of the kidney" [MP:0011487] synonym: "pelviureteric junction" EXACT [FMA:15898] synonym: "pelvoureteric junction" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15898 xref: MA:0003021 xref: SCTID:264130006 is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction relationship: connects UBERON:0000056 relationship: connects UBERON:0001224 intersection_of: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000056 ! ureter intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis relationship: connects UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: connects UBERON:0001224 ! renal pelvis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 {source="MP"} ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009973 name: ureterovesical junction def: "the valve-like structure found at the site of entry of the ureter into the urinary bladder, normally displays an oblique angulation through the detrusor to avoid reflux of urine up the ureters and the kidney" [MP:0011488] synonym: "vesico-ureteral junction" EXACT [MA:0003020] synonym: "vesico-ureteric junction" EXACT [] synonym: "vesicoureteric junction" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15899 xref: MA:0003020 xref: SCTID:261187001 is_a: UBERON:0003978 ! valve is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction relationship: connects UBERON:0000056 relationship: connects UBERON:0001255 intersection_of: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000056 ! ureter intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: connects UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: connects UBERON:0001255 ! urinary bladder relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 {source="MP"} ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0009974 name: lumen of Rathke's pouch synonym: "adenohypophysis invagination" NARROW [EHDAA2:0004139] synonym: "Rathkes pouch invagination" NARROW [EHDAA2:0004138] xref: EHDAA2:0004138 xref: EHDAA2:0004139 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity is_a: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0005356 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0005356 ! Rathke's pouch relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0005356 ! Rathke's pouch [Term] id: UBERON:0009975 name: remnant of lumen of Rathke's pouch is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009974 ! lumen of Rathke's pouch [Term] id: UBERON:0009976 name: hypothalamo-hypophyseal system def: "An intrinsic circulatory network that transports hormones from the median eminence of the hypothalamus to the adenohypophysis." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Hypophyseal_portal_system] comment: Taxon notes: in lampreys and teleost hormones enter the adenohypophysis by diffusion. Editor notes: we represent this structure strictly as a system of blood vessels (presumably in line with the FMA). It could also be extended to include neurons and fiber tracts, as per the MESH definition. Function notes: One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis). The hypothalamus is responsible for certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, often called hypothalamic-releasing hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones. The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep, and circadian cycles[WP] synonym: "hypophyseal portal system" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hypophyseal_portal_system] synonym: "hypothalamic hypophyseal portal system" EXACT [ISBN10:0471888893] synonym: "hypothalamo hypophyseal system" RELATED [MESH:A.06.407.747.357] synonym: "hypothalamo-hypophyseal system" RELATED [MESH:A.06.407.747.357] synonym: "hypothalamohypophyseal portal system" EXACT [] synonym: "portal veins of hypophysis" RELATED [FMA:70860] synonym: "set of portal veins of hypophysis" RELATED [FMA:70860] synonym: "venae portales hypophysiales" EXACT [Wikipedia:Hypophyseal_portal_system] synonym: "venae portales hypophysiales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Hypophyseal_portal_system] xref: FMA:70860 xref: MESH:A.06.407.747.357 xref: ncithesaurus:Hypothalamohypophyseal_Portal_System is_a: UBERON:0005806 ! portal system relationship: connects UBERON:0001898 ! hypothalamus relationship: connects UBERON:0002196 ! adenohypophysis relationship: connects UBERON:0002197 ! median eminence of neurohypophysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 ! endocrine system property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009977 name: natal tooth def: "Predeciduous teeth present at birth. They may be well formed and normal or may represent hornified epithelial structures without roots. They are found on the gingivae over the crest of the ridge and arise from accessory buds of the dental lamina ahead of the deciduous buds or from buds of the accessory dental lamina. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)" [MESH:A.14.254.860.700.500] synonym: "natal teeth" EXACT PLURAL [GAID:1267] synonym: "natal tooth" RELATED [GAID:1267] xref: GAID:1267 xref: MESH:A.14.254.860.700.500 is_a: UBERON:0007115 {source="GAID"} ! deciduous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0009978 name: epicondyle def: "." [Wikipedia:Epicondyle] synonym: "epicondylus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Epicondyle] xref: FMA:75435 xref: galen:Epicondyle xref: ncithesaurus:Epicondyle xref: SCTID:333209006 is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="FMA"} ! zone of bone organ [Term] id: UBERON:0009979 name: condyle def: "the round prominence at the end of a bone, most often part of a joint - an articulation with another bone[WP]." [Wikipedia:Condyle_(anatomy)] xref: FMA:75434 xref: galen:Condyle xref: ncithesaurus:Condyle xref: SCTID:91737009 xref: TAO:0002259 is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="FMA"} ! zone of bone organ property_value: external_definition "Protuberance on a bone that participates in a joint with another bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002259", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009980 name: condyle of femur synonym: "condylus femoralis" EXACT [] synonym: "condylus femoris" EXACT [] synonym: "femoral condyle" EXACT [] synonym: "fibular condyle" RELATED [AAO:0000900] xref: AAO:0000900 xref: FMA:32855 xref: galen:FemoralCondyle xref: SCTID:304912006 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0009979 ! condyle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 intersection_of: UBERON:0009979 ! condyle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004406 ! distal epiphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 ! distal epiphysis of femur property_value: external_definition "Convex articular facet of the distal head of the femur that articulates with the proximal head of the fibula.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000900", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009984 name: medial condyle of femur def: "The medial condyle is one of the two projections on the lower extremity of femur. The medial condyle is larger than the lateral (outer) condyle due to more weight bearing caused by the center of gravity being medial to the knee. On the posterior surface of the condyle the linea aspera (a ridge running down the posterior shaft of the femur) turns into the medial supracondylar ridge. The outermost protrusion on the medial surface of the medial condyle is referred to as the \"medial epicondyle\" and can be palpated by running fingers medially from the patella with the knee in flexion." [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "c. medialis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "c. medialis femoris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "medial condyle of the femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_femur] xref: FMA:32858 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray246.png xref: SCTID:182056007 is_a: UBERON:0009980 ! condyle of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0009985 name: lateral condyle of femur def: "The lateral condyle is one of the two projections on the lower extremity of femur. It is the more prominent and is the broader both in its antero-posterior and transverse diameters" [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "c. lateralis femoris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "c. lateralis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur] synonym: "lateral condyle of the femur" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_femur] xref: FMA:32859 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray246.png xref: SCTID:182057003 is_a: UBERON:0009980 ! condyle of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0009986 name: lateral epicondyle of femur def: "The lateral epicondyle of the femur, smaller and less prominent than the medial epicondyle, gives attachment to the fibular collateral ligament of the knee-joint. Directly below it is a small depression from which a smooth well-marked groove curves obliquely upward and backward to the posterior extremity of the condyle." [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_femur] synonym: "e. lateralis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_femur] synonym: "epicondylus lateralis (femur)" EXACT [FMA:32867] synonym: "lateral femoral epicondyle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_epicondyle_of_the_femur] xref: FMA:32867 xref: galen:LateralFemoralEpicondyle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray246.png xref: SCTID:209275007 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0009978 {source="FMA"} ! epicondyle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0009985 {source="FMA"} ! lateral condyle of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0009987 name: medial epicondyle of femur def: "The medial epicondyle of the femur is a bony protrusion located on the medial side of the bone's distal end. Located above the medial condyle, it bears an elevation, the adductor tubercle, which serves for the attachment of the superficial part, or \"tendinous insertion\", of the adductor magnus. This tendinous part here forms an intermuscular septum which forms the medial separation between the thigh's flexors and extensors. Behind it, and proximally to the medial condyle is a rough impression which gives origin to the medial head of the Gastrocnemius." [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_femur] synonym: "epicondylus medialis (femur)" EXACT [FMA:32864] synonym: "epicondylus medialis femoris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_femur] synonym: "medial femoral epicondyle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_epicondyle_of_the_femur] xref: FMA:32864 xref: galen:MedialFemoralEpicondyle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Gray345.png xref: SCTID:209172001 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0009978 {source="FMA"} ! epicondyle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004406 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0009984 {source="FMA"} ! medial condyle of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0009988 name: condyle of humerus def: "the distal end of the humerus, including the trochlea, capitulum and the olecranon, coronoid and radial fossae" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=19715] synonym: "condylus humeri" EXACT [] synonym: "humeral condyle" EXACT [FMA:23377] xref: FMA:23377 xref: SCTID:361778001 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0009979 ! condyle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 intersection_of: UBERON:0009979 ! condyle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004404 ! distal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0009989 name: condyle of tibia def: "One of the lateral or medial condyles of the tibia." [Wikipedia:Tibial_condyle] synonym: "tibial condyle" EXACT [AAO:0000899] xref: AAO:0000899 xref: SCTID:182062002 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0009979 ! condyle relationship: part_of UBERON:0008772 intersection_of: UBERON:0009979 ! condyle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008772 ! proximal epiphysis of tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0008772 ! proximal epiphysis of tibia property_value: external_definition "Convex articular facet of the distal head of the femur that articulates with the proximal head of the tibia.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000899", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0009990 name: medial condyle of tibia def: "The medial condyle is the medial portion of the upper extremity of tibia. It is the site of insertion for the Semimembranosus muscle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia] synonym: "c. medialis tibiae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia] synonym: "condylus medialis (tibia)" EXACT [FMA:35445] synonym: "medial condyle of the tibia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia] synonym: "medial tibial condyle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Medial_condyle_of_tibia] xref: FMA:35445 xref: galen:MedialTibialCondyle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray257.png xref: SCTID:182066004 is_a: UBERON:0009989 ! condyle of tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0009991 name: lateral condyle of tibia def: "The lateral condyle is the lateral portion of the upper extremity of tibia. It serves as the insertion for the Biceps femoris muscle[WP]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_tibia] synonym: "c. lateralis tibiae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_condyle_of_tibia] synonym: "condylus lateralis (tibia)" EXACT [FMA:35448] xref: FMA:35448 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Gray257.png xref: SCTID:182067008 is_a: UBERON:0009989 ! condyle of tibia [Term] id: UBERON:0009992 name: cranial sensory ganglion def: "the ganglion found on the root of each cranial nerve, containing the cell bodies of afferent (sensory) neurons. " [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cranial+sensory+ganglion] comment: Editor note: check this - merge into cranial ganglion? WP: the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia, appended respectively to cranial nerves VII, IX and X. Other ontology notes: has no subtypes in FMA synonym: "cranial nerve sensory ganglion" EXACT [FMA:5887] synonym: "ganglion sensorium cranialium" EXACT [FMA:5887] synonym: "sensory ganglion of cranial nerve" EXACT [FMA:5887] xref: FMA:5887 is_a: UBERON:0001714 {source="cjm"} ! cranial ganglion is_a: UBERON:0001800 {source="FMA"} ! sensory ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0009993 name: primary chorionic villus def: "A chorionic villus that is a solid outgrowth of the cytotrophoblast that protrudes into the syncytiotrophoblast." [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/06placenta.htm] xref: ncithesaurus:Primary_Chorionic_Villus is_a: UBERON:0007106 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! chorionic villus [Term] id: UBERON:0009994 name: secondary chorionic villus def: "A chorionic villus that is has a core of loose connective tissue, which in humans grows into the primary villi about the third week of development." [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/06placenta.htm] xref: ncithesaurus:Secondary_Chorionic_Villus is_a: UBERON:0007106 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! chorionic villus [Term] id: UBERON:0009995 name: tertiary chorionic villus def: "Tertiary chorionic villi contain embryonic blood vessels that develop from mesenchymal cells in the loose connective tissue core. These blood vessels connect up with vessels that develop in the chorion and connecting stalk and begin to circulate embryonic blood about the third week of development in humans." [http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/06placenta.htm] xref: ncithesaurus:Tertiary_Chorionic_Villus is_a: UBERON:0007106 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! chorionic villus [Term] id: UBERON:0010002 name: pulmonary neuroendocrine body def: "corpuscular, organoid structures composed of PNECs, found as distinctive innervated clusters only within intrapulmonary airways, where they appear concentrated at airway branch points; NEBs reach from the basement membrane to the airway lumen and are thought to function as oxygen sensors." [MP:0010921] synonym: "NEB" EXACT [NEW_MP:0010921] synonym: "pulmonary neuroepithelial body" EXACT [NEW_MP:0010921] is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000115 ! lung epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0010005 name: placental labyrinth villi def: "the vascularized and branched structures arising from the rodent trophoblast-derived epithelium that allow an increase its surface area for the efficient exchange of nutrients and wastes between the maternal and fetal circulation" [MP:0011522] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003946 {source="MP"} ! placenta labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0010006 name: placenta intervillous maternal lacunae def: "the spaces of the placenta occupied by maternal blood, into which the fetal labyrinth villi project" [MP:0011525] is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0003946 {source="MP"} ! placenta labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0010007 name: placenta fetal blood space def: "the spaces of the placenta occupied by fetal blood, primarily within the fetal labyrinth villi" [MP:0011526] is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0003946 {source="MP"} ! placenta labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0010008 name: mammalian cotyledon def: "Round structure consisting of chorionic villi[PMID]. A separations of the decidua basalis of the placenta, separated by placental septa. Each cotyledon consists of a main stem of a chorionic villus as well as its branches and subbranches. The cotyledons receive fetal blood from chorionic vessels, which branch off cotyledon vessels into the cotyledons, which, in turn, branch into capillaries. The cotyledons are surrounded by maternal blood, which can exchange oxygen and nutrients with the fetal blood in the capillaries[WP]." [PMID:19829370, Wikipedia:Placental_cotyledon] comment: Rodents have a single cotyledon (called a discoid placenta), whereas humans have multiple cotyledons, although they are consolidated into a cluster that resembles a single disc[PMID:19829370] synonym: "cotyledon" BROAD [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Placental_cotyledon.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cotyledon is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002450 ! decidua [Term] id: UBERON:0010009 name: aggregate regional part of brain def: "A regional part of brain consisting of multiple brain regions that are not related through a simple volummetric part of hierarchy, e.g., basal ganglia[NIF]." [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090509] synonym: "set of nuclei of neuraxis" EXACT [FMA:256381] xref: FMA:256381 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090509 is_a: UBERON:0002616 {source="NIF"} ! regional part of brain [Term] id: UBERON:0010010 name: basal nucleus of telencephalon def: "Subdivision of telencephalon which is actually several islands of neurons lying within the substantia innominata, located ventral to the basal ganglia and anterior to the hypothalamus." [FMA:61887, Wikipedia:Nucleus_basalis_of_Meynert] comment: AO notes: MA has basal nucleus as synonym for BG. Function notes: rich in acetylcholine and choline acetyltransferase[WP]. Location notes: The NBM is inferior to the globus pallidus and within an area known as the substantia innominata synonym: "basal magnocellular nucleus (substantia innominata)" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "basal nuclei of Meynert" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "basal nucleus" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107] synonym: "basal nucleus of Meynert" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "basal substance of telencephalon" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "ganglion of Meynert" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "Meynert's nucleus" EXACT [FMA:61887] synonym: "nucleus basalis" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107] synonym: "nucleus basalis of Meynert" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107] synonym: "nucleus basalis telencephali" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nucleus_basalis_of_Meynert] synonym: "substantia basalis telencephali" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:61887 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Substantia_innominata_MRI.PNG xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1107 xref: SCTID:369109003 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003017 {source="WP"} ! substantia innominata [Term] id: UBERON:0010011 name: collection of basal ganglia comment: Editor note: it is necessary to introduce two classes, one representing an individual basal ganglion, another representing the aggregate structure, in order to have consistent classification amongst AOs (e.g. in MA the aygdala is part of the BG, in FMA and BTO it is a subclass). Apart from achieving this consistency, the value of having two distinct classes is questionable, since the BG-plural is trivially the collection of all BGs-singular. it would be better for all AOs to decide on one single way of doing this. Do not merge until this is done. synonym: "basal ganglia" EXACT [FMA:84013] synonym: "basal ganglia set" EXACT [FMA:84013] synonym: "set of basal ganglia" EXACT [FMA:84013] xref: BM:Tel-BG xref: FMA:84013 xref: GAID:617 xref: MA:0000184 xref: MESH:A.08.186.211.730.885.105 xref: ncithesaurus:Basal_Ganglia xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_826 xref: VHOG:0001696 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon is_a: UBERON:0010009 {source="FMA"} ! aggregate regional part of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000454 {source="FMA"} ! cerebral subcortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 {source="NIF"} ! telencephalon property_value: homology_notes "All nuclei of the mammalian basal ganglia are also present in the oldest vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001696", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2011.05.001 Stephenson-Jones M, Samuelsson E, Ericsson J, Robertson B, Grillner S, Evolutionary conservation of the basal ganglia as a common vertebrate mechanism for action selection. Current Biology (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010012 name: upper beak synonym: "maxillary beak" RELATED [] synonym: "rostrum maxillare" RELATED [] synonym: "upper mandible" RELATED SENSU [] is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0005094 ! beak [Term] id: UBERON:0010013 name: lower beak synonym: "lower mandible" RELATED SENSU [] synonym: "mandibular beak" RELATED [] synonym: "rostrum mandibulare" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0005094 ! beak [Term] id: UBERON:0010014 name: epigonal organ def: "An elongate paired tissue ventral to the kidneys and partialy enveloping the anterior gonads in Elasmobranchii. Apparently important to the immune system" [http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=epigonal+organ] synonym: "subgonal organ" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004177 ! hemopoietic organ is_a: UBERON:0005057 ! immune organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 ! immune system property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7863 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010015 name: ventral patch of Leydig's organ is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000040 ! Leydig's organ [Term] id: UBERON:0010016 name: spiral valve of intestine is_a: UBERON:0003978 {source="cjm"} ! valve is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0010017 ! spiral valve of cystic duct disjoint_from: UBERON:0010018 ! spiral valve of conus arteriosus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010017 name: spiral valve of cystic duct def: "a series of crescentic folds of mucous membrane somewhat spirally arranged on the interior of the gallbladder and continuing into the cystic duct" [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/spiral+valve, Wikipedia:Spiral_valves_of_Heister] synonym: "Heister's valve" EXACT [FMA:15855] synonym: "plica spiralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "plica spiralis (ductus cysticus)" EXACT [FMA:15855] synonym: "spiral fold of cystic duct" EXACT [FMA:15855] synonym: "valve of Heister " EXACT [] xref: FMA:15855 xref: SCTID:270125000 is_a: UBERON:0003978 {source="FMA"} ! valve disjoint_from: UBERON:0010018 ! spiral valve of conus arteriosus [Term] id: UBERON:0010018 name: spiral valve of conus arteriosus def: "The spiral valve alternately blocks & unblocks the entrances to the left and right pulmonary arches (sending unoxygenated blood to the skin & lungs)." [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/342notes9.html] comment: Taxon notes: many dipnoans and amphibians. Evolution notes: The spiral valve is considered to have evolved from the right member of the four embryonic endocardial ridges (Goodrich, 1930 - via Morris 1974) xref: AAO:0010251 xref: http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/martini10/chapter21/medialib/Kardong_fig_12_29.html is_a: UBERON:0003978 {source="cjm"} ! valve is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003983 {source="AAO"} ! conus arteriosus property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32524 [Term] id: UBERON:0010019 name: spiracle def: "a small hole behind each eye that opens to the mouth in some fish. In the primitive jawless fish the first gill opening immediately behind the mouth is essentially similar to the other gill openings." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Spiracle#Vertebrates] comment: Taxon notes: The spiracle is still found in all cartilaginous fish except chimaeras, and in bony fishes in the coelacanth, sturgeon, paddlefish and bichirs. It is also seen as an otic notch in the skull of the extinct labyrinthodonts, and is thought to be associated with the ear opening in amniotes and frogs[WP]. In elasmobranchs (sharks and rays), a spiracle is found behind each eye, and is often used to pump water through the gills while the animal is at rest (Fouts, 2003). A spiracle is also found in primitive bony fishes as the chirrups. TODO - check GO:0035277-spiracle morphogenesis, open tracheal system - taxon constraint in GO synonym: "vertebrate spiracle" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003102 {source="cjm"} ! surface structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001004 ! respiratory system property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523 [Term] id: UBERON:0010020 name: tubotympanic recess epithelium def: "The dorsal portion of the embryonic first endodermal pharyngeal pouch; it develops into the middle ear cavity." [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Tubotympanic_recess] xref: EHDAA2:0004115 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007499 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial sac relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007122 {source="PMID:11237469", source="EHDAA2", source="ISBN10:0073040584"} ! pharyngeal pouch 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 {source="MA"} ! middle ear [Term] id: UBERON:0010021 name: dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 1 comment: Development notes: in humans, dorsal diverticulum deepens as the tubotympanic recess to form the auditory tube[ISBN10:1607950324] is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007122 ! pharyngeal pouch 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0010022 name: ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 1 comment: Development notes: in humans, the ventral portion of pouches 1 and 2 are obliterated by the developing tongue[ISBN10:1607950324] is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007122 ! pharyngeal pouch 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0010023 name: dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 2 comment: Development notes: in humans, persists as the tonsillar fossa - the endodermal lining covers the mesodermal lymphatic tissue to form the palatine tonsil[ISBN10:1607950324] is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007123 ! pharyngeal pouch 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0010024 name: ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 2 comment: Development notes: in humans, the ventral portion of pouches 1 and 2 are obliterated by the developing tongue[ISBN10:1607950324] is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007123 ! pharyngeal pouch 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0010025 name: dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 3 synonym: "dorsal 3rd arch pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000409] xref: EHDAA2:0000409 xref: EMAPA:16758 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007124 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pharyngeal pouch 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0010026 name: ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 3 synonym: "ventral 3rd arch pharyngeal pouch endoderm" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002173] xref: EHDAA2:0002173 xref: EMAPA:16759 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007124 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pharyngeal pouch 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0010027 name: dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 4 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007125 ! pharyngeal pouch 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0010028 name: ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 4 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007125 ! pharyngeal pouch 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0010029 name: dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 5 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007126 ! pharyngeal pouch 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0010030 name: ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 5 is_a: UBERON:0000490 ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007126 ! pharyngeal pouch 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0010031 name: 6th arch mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0004076 is_a: UBERON:0009494 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003117 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003117 ! pharyngeal arch 6 [Term] id: UBERON:0010032 name: anterior part of tongue def: "The portion of the tongue in front of the terminal sulcus. At the apex, thin and narrow, it is directed forward against the lingual surfaces of the lower incisor teeth. It is derived primarily from the first pharyngeal arch." [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue] comment: AO notes: check NCIT. Development notes: The lateral lingual swellings grow and fuse with eachother, encompassing the tuberculum impar to provide the ectodermally derived mucosa of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue synonym: "anterior 2/3 of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue] synonym: "anterior 2/3 of tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue] synonym: "anterior two thirds of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue] synonym: "apex linguae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue] synonym: "apex of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue] synonym: "buccal part of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue] synonym: "front of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue] synonym: "oral part of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue] synonym: "pars anterior dorsi linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_tongue] xref: FMA:229084 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Illu04_tongue.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Apex_of_the_Tongue is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006260 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006260 ! lingual swellings intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006260 ! lingual swellings relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0010033 name: posterior part of tongue def: "The Posterior tongue, or pharyngeal part, is the part of the tongue behind the terminal sulcus. At its root, it is directed backward, and connected with the hyoid bone by the Hyoglossi and Genioglossi muscles and the hyoglossal membrane; with the epiglottis by three folds (glossoepiglottic) of mucous membrane; with the soft palate by the glossopalatine arches; and with the pharynx by the Constrictores pharyngis superiores and the mucous membrane. It is derived primarily from the third pharyngeal arch. (The second arch has a substantial contribution during fetal development, but this later atrophies. The fourth arch may also contribute, depending upon how the boundaries of the tongue are defined.)" [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue] synonym: "base of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue] synonym: "pars posterior (dorsum linguae)" EXACT [FMA:54645] synonym: "pars posterior dorsi linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue] synonym: "pars posterior linguae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "pars postsulcalis (dorsum linguae)" EXACT [FMA:54645] synonym: "pharyngeal part of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue] synonym: "pharyngeal part of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54645] synonym: "pharyngeal portion of dorsum of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54645] synonym: "posterior 1/3 of the tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue] synonym: "posterior part of dorsum of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54645] synonym: "posterior third of tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue] synonym: "postsulcal part of dorsum of tongue" EXACT [FMA:54645] synonym: "radix linguae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_tongue] xref: FMA:54645 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Illu04_tongue.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Base_of_the_Tongue xref: SCTID:362094001 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003114 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009471 {source="FMA"} ! dorsum of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0010034 name: copula linguae def: "A single midventral prominence deriving from the ventral bases of pharyngeal arches 2, 3 and 4 - provides the covering of the posterior of the tongue //The furcula is at first separated from the tuberculum impar by a depression, but later by a ridge, the copula, formed by the forward growth and fusion of the ventral ends of the second, third, and part of the fourth branchial arches[WP]." [Wikipedia:Copula_linguae] comment: add new term for Hypobranchial_eminence? synonym: "copula" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004611] synonym: "copula linguae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Copula_linguae] xref: EHDAA2:0004611 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Gray980.png xref: SCTID:361424000 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0010188 {source="EHDAA2"} ! protuberance is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002539 ! pharyngeal arch relationship: part_of UBERON:0010056 {source="EHDAA2"} ! future tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0010036 name: anterior tegmental nucleus def: "a group of cells located ventral to the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncle in the mouse ( Paxinos-2001 ) and rat ( Swanson-1998 )" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=1115] xref: ABA:AT xref: MA:0001055 is_a: UBERON:0006331 {source="MA"} ! brainstem nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009661 ! midbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001891 {source="MA", source="ABA"} ! midbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0010038 name: fundic gastric gland def: "The fundus glands (or fundic glands, or gastric glands) are found in the body and fundus of the stomach. They are simple tubes, two or more of which open into a single duct." [Wikipedia:Fundic_glands] comment: Editor notes: Consider FMA:14923 synonym: "fundal gland" EXACT [] synonym: "fundus gland" EXACT [] synonym: "gastric fundal gland" EXACT [] synonym: "gastric fundus gland" EXACT [] synonym: "gastric gland of fundus of stomach" EXACT [] synonym: "glandulae gastricae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Fundic_glands] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Fundic_gland_polyp_%281%29.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Fundic_Gland xref: SCTID:268338004 is_a: UBERON:0000325 ! gastric gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 intersection_of: UBERON:0000325 ! gastric gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0001160 ! fundus of stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0004994 ! mucosa of fundus of stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0010039 name: food storage organ def: "An organ of the digestive tract that is capable of retaining and storing food" [UBERON:cjm] comment: This is a very broad functionally defined grouping class that collects disparate structures from insects to vertebrates subset: functional_classification subset: grouping_class xref: TADS:0000172 xref: TGMA:0001041 is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0010040 name: stomach non-glandular epithelium def: "Am epithelium that lines the stomach which lacks glands. In addition to a glandular epithelium, the stomachs of some vertebrates also has a second region characterized by a nonglandular epithelium, devoid of gastric glands." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: Editor notes: OWL definition to be added later. Taxon notes: this region may develop from the base of the esophagus (some herbivores) - in rodents, loss of the gastric glands in the mucosa leavea a nonglandular epithelial stomach in which smooth muscle contractions knead and mix digesta. This can be keratinized. synonym: "stomach aglandular epithelium" EXACT [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Mammalian_Stomachs_remake.png/650px-Mammalian_Stomachs_remake.png is_a: UBERON:0001276 ! epithelium of stomach is_a: UBERON:0011952 ! non-glandular epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 intersection_of: UBERON:0011952 ! non-glandular epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach relationship: part_of UBERON:0000945 ! stomach [Term] id: UBERON:0010041 name: median ovary comment: Taxon notes: In the primitive jawless fish, and some teleosts, there is only one ovary, formed by the fusion of the paired organs in the embryo[Wikipedia:Ovary#In_other_animals] is_a: UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0010042 name: 1st arch mesenchyme synonym: "mesenchyme of 1st arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16128] xref: EMAPA:16128 is_a: UBERON:0009494 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 ! pharyngeal arch 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0010045 name: 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0000041 is_a: UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0007238 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007238 ! 1st arch maxillary component relationship: part_of UBERON:0007238 ! 1st arch maxillary component [Term] id: UBERON:0010046 name: entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme def: "The sum total of mesenchymal tissue in the pharyngeal arch region." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "associated mesenchyme of pharyngeal region" EXACT [EMAPA:16550] synonym: "entire branchial arch associated mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001459] xref: EHDAA2:0001459 xref: EMAPA:16550 is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003099 {source="cjm"} ! cranial neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0008814 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pharyngeal system [Term] id: UBERON:0010047 name: oral gland def: "Gland of the epithelium lining the oral cavity. The most common are the salivary glands." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: Note that Kardong classifies lacrimal glands here is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0003408 ! gland of gut is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 intersection_of: UBERON:0002530 ! gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0010048 name: Duvernoy's gland def: "A gland situated on the upper lip found in non-venomous snakes. Releases secretion via duct adjacent to posterior maxillary teeth." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Duvernoy's_gland] is_a: UBERON:0010047 ! oral gland property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0008976 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010049 name: supralabial gland def: "Glandular tissue present in lips of reptiles." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Duvernoy's_gland] is_a: UBERON:0010047 ! oral gland [Term] id: UBERON:0010050 name: infralabial gland def: "Glandular tissue present in lips of reptiles." [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Duvernoy's_gland] is_a: UBERON:0010047 ! oral gland [Term] id: UBERON:0010051 name: dorsal patch of Leydig's organ is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000040 ! Leydig's organ [Term] id: UBERON:0010052 name: mucosa of dorsum of tongue comment: Editor notes: check surface terms. Development notes: develops fungiform papillae by WNT induction at 11 weeks pc in human. Filiform papillae develop later. ISBN10:1607950324 synonym: "mucosa of dorsal surface of tongue" EXACT [] xref: FMA:74871 xref: SCTID:245835003 is_a: UBERON:0005020 ! mucosa of tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0009471 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009471 ! dorsum of tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0009471 ! dorsum of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0010053 name: echolocation organ is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ [Term] id: UBERON:0010054 name: malleus cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18229 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006262 ! malleus pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010055 name: stapes cartilage condensation comment: Editor notes: TODO - check relationship to Recihert's. Taxon notes: The stapes is homologous to the hyomandibula. In this ontology, we use the class 'hyomandibular cartilage' generally to include the future stapes, the future hyomandibular bone of teleosts and the unossified cartilage in sharks. xref: EMAPA:18230 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest is_a: UBERON:0009506 ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear is_a: UBERON:0009891 ! facial mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010359 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0011607 {source="http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/342notes4.htm"} ! hyomandibular cartilage relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006294 ! stapes pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001686 ! auditory ossicle [Term] id: UBERON:0010056 name: future tongue xref: EHDAA2:0000696 xref: EHDAA:2951 is_a: UBERON:0003103 {source="EHDAA2"} ! compound organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001723 intersection_of: UBERON:0003103 ! compound organ intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001723 ! tongue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000166 {source="EHDAA2"} ! oral opening relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 {source="EHDAA"} ! chordate pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0010057 name: hypopharyngeal eminence synonym: "hypobranchial eminence" EXACT [EMAPA:17352, OBOL:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000799 xref: EMAPA:17352 xref: SCTID:361420009 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0010188 {source="EHDAA2"} ! protuberance relationship: part_of UBERON:0010056 {source="EHDAA2"} ! future tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0010059 name: hypoglossal cord xref: EHDAA2:0004610 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002036 {source="EHDAA2"} ! striated muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0010056 {source="EHDAA2"} ! future tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0010060 name: pharyngeal opening of pharyngotympanic tube def: "On the lateral wall of the nasal part of the pharynx is the pharyngeal opening of auditory tube (pharyngeal ostium), somewhat triangular in shape, and bounded behind by a firm prominence, the torus or cushion, caused by the medial end of the cartilage of the tube which elevates the mucous membrane." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_opening_of_auditory_tube] synonym: "ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_opening_of_auditory_tube] synonym: "ostium pharyngeum tubae auditoriae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "pharyngeal opening of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:54979] synonym: "pharyngeal opening of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:54979] synonym: "pharyngeal orifice of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:54979] synonym: "pharyngeal orifice of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:54979] synonym: "pharyngeal orifice of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [FMA:54979] synonym: "pharyngeal ostium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_opening_of_auditory_tube] synonym: "pharyngeal ostium of auditory tube" EXACT [FMA:54979] synonym: "pharyngeal ostium of eustachian tube" EXACT [FMA:54979] synonym: "pharyngeal ostium of pharyngotympanic tube" EXACT [FMA:54979] synonym: "pharyngeal tubal ostium" EXACT [FMA:54979] xref: FMA:54979 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Gray1029.png xref: SCTID:368945008 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0010061 ! lumen of nasopharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0010061 name: lumen of nasopharynx synonym: "nasopharyngeal luman" EXACT [] synonym: "nasopharynx cavity" EXACT [] synonym: "nasopharynx lumen" EXACT [FMA:55094] xref: FMA:55094 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001731 ! cavity of pharynx relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001728 {source="FMA"} ! nasopharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0010062 name: pharyngotympanic tube epithelium synonym: "auditory tube epithelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004117] synonym: "eustachian tube epithelium" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: EHDAA2:0004117 is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0010020 {source="EHDAA2"} ! tubotympanic recess epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002393 {source="cjm"} ! pharyngotympanic tube [Term] id: UBERON:0010063 name: tympanic cavity epithelium xref: EHDAA2:0004116 is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007499 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial sac is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from_part_of UBERON:0010020 {source="EHDAA2"} ! tubotympanic recess epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 {source="EHDAA2"} ! middle ear [Term] id: UBERON:0010064 name: open anatomical space def: "An anatomical space with at least one opening to another space or the exterior." [AEO:0000221] xref: EHDAA2:0004616 is_a: UBERON:0000464 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anatomical space [Term] id: UBERON:0010065 name: auditory meatus epithelium xref: EHDAA2:0004114 is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005872 {source="EHDAA2", source="PMID:16313389"} ! 1st arch pharyngeal cleft relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ear [Term] id: UBERON:0010066 name: tympanic plate def: "The tympanic part of the temporal bone is a curved plate of bone lying below the squama and in front of the mastoid process." [Wikipedia:Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone] synonym: "pars tympanica" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone] synonym: "pars tympanica (os temporale)" EXACT [FMA:52880] synonym: "pars tympanica ossis temporalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone] synonym: "tympanic bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone] synonym: "tympanic part" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tympanic_part_of_the_temporal_bone] synonym: "tympanic part of temporal bone" EXACT [FMA:52880] xref: FMA:52880 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray137.png xref: SCTID:138773005 is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="cjm"} ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002218 ! tympanic ring relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0011079 {source="Kardong"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010069 name: outer epithelial layer of tympanic membrane def: "A portion of the external acoustic meatus epithelium which makes up the outer (cuticular) layer of the tympanic membrane" [PMID:11237469, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "cuticular layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56819] synonym: "cuticular stratum of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56819] synonym: "outer cuticular layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56819] synonym: "outer layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [] synonym: "tympanic membrane external acoustic meatus epithelial component" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:56819 xref: SCTID:39725007 is_a: UBERON:0009647 ! tympanic membrane epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001352 intersection_of: UBERON:0009647 ! tympanic membrane epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001352 ! external acoustic meatus [Term] id: UBERON:0010070 name: intermediate layer of tympanic membrane def: "The intermediate fibrous layer of the tympanic membrane." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3468783&group_id=76834&atid=1205376, PMID:11237469] comment: AO notes: check MA synonym: "connective tissue layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56830] synonym: "fibrous layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56830] synonym: "fibrous stratum of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56830] synonym: "intermediate fibrous layer of tympanic membrane" EXACT [FMA:56830] synonym: "tympanic endothelium" EXACT [MA:0001223] xref: FMA:56830 xref: MA:0001223 xref: SCTID:44692008 is_a: UBERON:0010071 {source="FMA"} ! layer of tympanic membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0010071 name: layer of tympanic membrane comment: In mammals, this class groups together the two epithelial layers plus the intermediate fibrous layer subset: grouping_class synonym: "tympanic membrane layer" EXACT [FMA:56732] xref: FMA:56732 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002364 ! tympanic membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0010074 name: chromaffin system def: "The cells of the body which stain with chromium salts. They occur along the sympathetic nerves, in the adrenal gland, and in various other organs." [MESH:A.06.224] comment: Taxon notes: in adult cylostomes and teleosts, the interrenal bodies are separate from chromaffin bodies synonym: "argentaffin system" RELATED [MESH:A.06.224] synonym: "chromaffin tissue" RELATED [] xref: FMA:79645 xref: MESH:A.06.224 is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="Kardong", source="CL"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000949 {source="cjm"} ! endocrine system property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0001236 {source="Kardong"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010075 name: sacral neural crest def: "One of the 5 distinct and partially overlapping functional domains of the premigratory neural crest. The vagal and sacral neural crest cells develop into the ganglia of the enteric nervous system, also known as the parasympathetic ganglia." [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10065/, XB:curator] xref: XAO:0004192 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0010076 name: network of trabecular spaces in bone tissue def: "Tissue cavity consisting of intercommunicating trabecular spaces in the cancellous bone." [FMA:259332] synonym: "trabecular network of bone tissue" EXACT [FMA:259332] xref: FMA:259332 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0008867 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008867 ! trabecular network of bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0008867 ! trabecular network of bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010077 name: cuboidal epithelium comment: AO notes: in NCIT this is glandular xref: ncithesaurus:Cuboidal_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0010078 name: optic choroid vascular plexus alt_id: ZFA:0005228 comment: Editor notes: to be verified synonym: "capillary lamina of choroid or choriocapillaris" EXACT [XAO:0004176] synonym: "choroid vasculature" RELATED [ZFA:0005094] synonym: "choroidal vascular plexus" RELATED [TAO:0005094] synonym: "CVP" EXACT [ZFA:0005094] synonym: "optic choroid vascular plexus" RELATED [XAO:0004176] xref: TAO:0005094 xref: XAO:0004176 xref: ZFA:0005094 is_a: UBERON:0002203 {source="ZFA"} ! vasculature of eye is_a: UBERON:0005629 {source="XAO"} ! vascular plexus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 {source="ZFA"} ! choroid relationship: part_of UBERON:0002200 {source="XAO"} ! vasculature of head property_value: external_definition "Develops adjacent to the pigment epithelium of the eye. The choroidal plexus develops from the primitive mesencephalic artery. Initially blood enters from the mesencephalic central artery, and the dorsal ciliary vein. The plexus drains via the ophthalmic vein. Isogai et al. 2001.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005094", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010081 name: future common hepatic duct xref: EHDAA2:0000595 is_a: UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct is_a: UBERON:0003914 ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0007497 ! developing epithelial placode relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001175 intersection_of: UBERON:0003703 ! extrahepatic bile duct intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005604 ! hepatic duct extrahepatic part relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001175 ! common hepatic duct [Term] id: UBERON:0010082 name: future corpus striatum xref: EHDAA2:0000596 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000369 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000369 ! corpus striatum relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000369 ! corpus striatum [Term] id: UBERON:0010083 name: future dermis comment: Editor notes: check development xref: EHDAA2:0000598 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002067 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sclerotome relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004016 {source="XAO"} ! dermatome relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 {source="EHDAA2"} ! integument [Term] id: UBERON:0010084 name: future diaphragm xref: EHDAA2:0000599 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001103 intersection_of: UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001103 ! diaphragm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002323 ! coelemic cavity lumen [Term] id: UBERON:0010090 name: future falx cerebri xref: EHDAA2:0000608 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0007524 ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006059 intersection_of: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0006059 ! falx cerebri relationship: develops_into UBERON:0006059 ! falx cerebri [Term] id: UBERON:0010091 name: future hindbrain meninges xref: EHDAA2:0000610 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain is_a: UBERON:0007524 ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003291 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003291 ! meninx of hindbrain relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003291 ! meninx of hindbrain relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0010092 name: future metencephalon xref: EHDAA2:0000623 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001895 intersection_of: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001895 ! metencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0010096 name: future myelencephalon xref: EHDAA2:0000640 is_a: UBERON:0002616 ! regional part of brain is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005290 intersection_of: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0005290 ! myelencephalon relationship: develops_into UBERON:0005290 ! myelencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0010113 name: future membranous labyrinth xref: EHDAA2:0000899 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001849 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005641 ! otocyst epithelium relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001849 ! membranous labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0004637 ! otic capsule [Term] id: UBERON:0010115 name: future dura mater xref: EHDAA2:0004317 is_a: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002363 intersection_of: UBERON:0002360 ! meninx intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002363 ! dura mater [Term] id: UBERON:0010122 name: future caudate nucleus comment: TODO: dev from future corpus striatum xref: EHDAA2:0004461 is_a: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001873 intersection_of: UBERON:0002308 ! nucleus of brain intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001873 ! caudate nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0010123 name: future facial nucleus xref: EHDAA2:0004639 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000127 intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000127 ! facial nucleus relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000127 ! facial nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0010124 name: future inferior salivatory nucleus comment: TODO - devfrom xref: EHDAA2:0004643 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002872 intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002872 ! inferior salivatory nucleus relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002872 ! inferior salivatory nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0010125 name: future superior salivatory nucleus xref: EHDAA2:0004644 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002149 intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002149 ! superior salivatory nucleus relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002149 ! superior salivatory nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0010126 name: future nucleus ambiguus xref: EHDAA2:0004647 is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001719 intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001719 ! nucleus ambiguus relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001719 ! nucleus ambiguus [Term] id: UBERON:0010127 name: future dorsal motor nucleus of vagus xref: EHDAA2:0004650 is_a: UBERON:0000125 {source="EHDAA2"} ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002870 intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002870 ! dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002870 ! dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0010128 name: future pterygopalatine ganglion synonym: "future Meckel ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, Obol:automatic] synonym: "future Meckel's ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6965, Obol:automatic] synonym: "future nasal ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, Obol:automatic] synonym: "future palatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, Obol:automatic] synonym: "future pterygopalatine ganglia" EXACT [MP:0008314, Obol:automatic] synonym: "future sphenopalatine ganglion" EXACT [MP:0008314, Obol:automatic] synonym: "future sphenopalatine parasympathetic ganglion" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000673] synonym: "future sphenopalatine parasympathetic ganglion" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001889, Obol:automatic] xref: EHDAA2:0000673 is_a: UBERON:0001808 ! parasympathetic ganglion relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003962 intersection_of: UBERON:0000045 ! ganglion intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003962 ! pterygopalatine ganglion relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003962 ! pterygopalatine ganglion relationship: part_of UBERON:0001808 {source="EHDAA2"} ! parasympathetic ganglion [Term] id: UBERON:0010129 name: femur cartilage condensation comment: TODO - request EHDAA2 synonym: "femoral cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:17742] xref: EMAPA:17742 is_a: UBERON:0005254 ! upper leg mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010885 ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006234 ! femur pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0005254 {source="EMAPA"} ! upper leg mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010130 name: autopod plate def: "the distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pedal appendages (e.g. manus, pes, paw)" [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3519614&group_id=76834&atid=1109502, MP:0004576] synonym: "limb plate" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002470 intersection_of: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0010131 name: conducting tissue of heart synonym: "specialized conducting tissue of heart" EXACT [FMA:83378] synonym: "specialized muscle tissue of heart" EXACT [FMA:83378] xref: EHDAA2:0004528 xref: FMA:83378 is_a: UBERON:0001133 {source="FMA"} ! cardiac muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0010132 name: gastroduodenal artery def: "a small blood vessel in the abdomen that supplies blood directly to the pylorus (distal part of the stomach) and proximal part of the duodenum, and indirectly to the pancreatic head (via the anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries)." [Wikipedia:Gastroduodenal_artery] synonym: "arteria gastroduodenalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Gastroduodenal_artery] xref: EHDAA2:0000310 xref: EHDAA:8574 xref: FMA:14775 xref: galen:GastroduodenalArtery xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Gray532.png xref: SCTID:244269002 is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: branch_of UBERON:0005436 {source="FMA"} ! common hepatic artery relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005436 {source="EHDAA2"} ! common hepatic artery [Term] id: UBERON:0010133 name: neuroendocrine gland xref: MA:0000720 is_a: UBERON:0002368 ! endocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 intersection_of: UBERON:0002368 ! endocrine gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001016 ! nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0010134 name: secretory circumventricular organ xref: MA:0002943 is_a: UBERON:0005408 {source="MA"} ! circumventricular organ is_a: UBERON:0010133 {source="MA"} ! neuroendocrine gland [Term] id: UBERON:0010135 name: sensory circumventricular organ xref: MA:0002944 is_a: UBERON:0005408 {source="MA"} ! circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001032 ! sensory system [Term] id: UBERON:0010136 name: epithelial sheet def: "An epithelial sheet is a flat surface consisting of closely packed epithelial cells." [GO:0002011] is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0010137 name: polarized epithelium def: "A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis." [GO:0001738] is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0010141 name: primitive sex cord of indifferent gonad comment: Usage notes: note that this represents the indifferent structure. synonym: "indifferent sex cord" EXACT [] synonym: "primitive sex cords" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004051] xref: EHDAA2:0004051 is_a: UBERON:0004909 ! epithelium of gonad is_a: UBERON:0005295 ! sex cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0009117 intersection_of: UBERON:0005295 ! sex cord intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009117 ! indifferent gonad relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005891 {source="EHDAA2"} ! coelomic epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0009117 ! indifferent gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0010143 name: seminal vesicle fluid comment: AO notes: in ncit, seminal fluid is a subtype of seminal vesicle secretion synonym: "secretion of seminal vesicle" EXACT [FMA:62969] synonym: "seminal fluid" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "seminal vesicle secretion" EXACT [FMA:62969] synonym: "vesicular fluid" BROAD [] xref: FMA:62969 xref: MA:0002526 xref: ncithesaurus:Seminal_Fluid xref: ncithesaurus:Seminal_Vesicle_Secretion is_a: UBERON:0006530 {source="FMA"} ! seminal fluid relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000998 intersection_of: UBERON:0000456 ! bodily secretion intersection_of: secreted_by UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle relationship: secreted_by UBERON:0000998 ! seminal vesicle [Term] id: UBERON:0010145 name: paraurethral gland def: "In human anatomy (female), the Skene's glands (also known as the lesser vestibular glands, periurethral glands, skene glands, paraurethral glands, U-spot, or female prostate) are glands located on the anterior wall of the vagina, around the lower end of the urethra. They drain into the urethra and near the urethral opening. These glands are surrounded with tissue, which includes the part of the clitoris that reaches up inside the vagina and swells with blood during sexual arousal." [Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland] synonym: "female prostate" EXACT [PMID:10668204, Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland] synonym: "glandulae vestibulares minores" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland] synonym: "para-urethral gland" EXACT [FMA:20083] synonym: "periurethral gland" EXACT [Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland] synonym: "Skene gland" EXACT [] synonym: "Skene's gland" EXACT [FMA:20083] synonym: "U-spot" RELATED [Wikipedia:Skene%27s_gland] xref: FMA:20083 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Skenes_gland.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Paraurethral_Gland xref: SCTID:264125007 is_a: UBERON:0005398 ! female reproductive gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 {source="FMA"} ! female reproductive system property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0002367 {source="PMID:10668204"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010146 name: paraurethral duct def: "The Skene's ducts are a pair of ducts leading from the Skene's glands to the surface of the vulva, to the left and right of the urethral opening. Like the Skene's glands, they are named after Alexander Skene." [Wikipedia:Skene%27s_ducts] comment: AO notes: FMA has separate class 'duct of paraurethral gland' (FMA:21860) synonym: "duct of paraurethral gland" EXACT INCONSISTENT [FMA:21860] synonym: "duct of Skene's gland" EXACT INCONSISTENT [FMA:21860] synonym: "ductus paraurethrales urethrae femininae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Skene%27s_ducts] synonym: "female prostate duct" EXACT [PMID:10668204] synonym: "paraurethral gland duct" EXACT INCONSISTENT [FMA:21860] synonym: "periurethral duct" EXACT [] synonym: "Skene's duct" EXACT [FMA:21445] xref: FMA:21445 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Skenes_gland.jpg is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010145 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010145 ! paraurethral gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0010145 ! paraurethral gland property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0002485 {source="PMID:10668204"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010147 name: male accessory sex gland def: "Any gland, other than the gonad, associated with the genital tract, such as the ampulla of the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral, prostate and vesicular glands of the male." [BTO:0004798] xref: BTO:0004798 is_a: UBERON:0005399 {source="BTO"} ! male reproductive gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0010148 name: mating plug def: "A gelatinous secretion used in the mating of some species. It is deposited by a male into a female genital tract and later hardens into a plug or glues the tract together." [Wikipedia:Mating_plug] synonym: "copulatory plug" EXACT [SPD:0000547] xref: SPD:0000547 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance [Term] id: UBERON:0010150 name: duct of major vestibular gland def: "One of a pair of ducts leading from the Bartholin's glands to the surface of the vulva" [Wikipedia:Bartholin's_duct] synonym: "Bartholin's duct" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Bartholin's_duct] synonym: "duct of greater vestibular gland" EXACT [FMA:20088] synonym: "greater vestibular gland duct" EXACT [FMA:20088] xref: FMA:20088 is_a: UBERON:0011831 ! duct of vestibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000460 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000460 ! major vestibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000460 ! major vestibular gland property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0010151 [Term] id: UBERON:0010151 name: duct of bulbourethral gland synonym: "bulbourethral gland duct" EXACT [FMA:20091] synonym: "duct of bulbo-urethral gland" EXACT [FMA:20091] synonym: "ductus glandulae bulbourethralis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:20091 xref: SCTID:279709005 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005904 ! duct of male reproductive system is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0010146 ! paraurethral duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0002366 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002366 ! bulbo-urethral gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002366 ! bulbo-urethral gland [Term] id: UBERON:0010152 name: skin mucus comment: Editor notes: Consider making a specific class e.g. mucus coating to represent the entire coating rather than an portion of secretion of a mucus gland in the skin. Candidate definition - "The epidermal mucus of fish regulates swimming speed by controlling the hydrodynamic resistance of the skin surface. The mucus is also presumed to serve as a defence against pathogenic organisms and is intimately associated with osmoregulation." [BTO:0005082] synonym: "epidermal mucus" RELATED [BTO:0005082] xref: BTO:0005082 is_a: UBERON:0000456 {source="BTO"} ! bodily secretion relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000414 {source="BTO"} ! mucous gland [Term] id: UBERON:0010153 name: rumen papilla synonym: "rumen papillae" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region relationship: part_of UBERON:0008285 ! rumen epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0010154 name: inner lining mucosa of the abomasum def: "the inner mucosa of the fourth stomach chamber of a ruminant produces rennet." [Wikipedia:Rennet] synonym: "rennet" RELATED [BTO:0001168] xref: BTO:0001168 is_a: UBERON:0006931 ! stomach glandular region mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0007358 {source="BTO"} ! abomasum [Term] id: UBERON:0010155 name: parietomastoid suture def: "unites the mastoid process of the temporal with the region of the mastoid angle of the parietal[WP:Squamosal_suture]." [] synonym: "parieto-mastoid suture of skull" EXACT [] synonym: "parietomastoid suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52947] xref: FMA:52947 xref: SCTID:136753005 is_a: UBERON:0003685 {source="FMA"} ! cranial suture relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010156 name: sphenofrontal suture def: "The Sphenofrontal suture is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the frontal bone." [Wikipedia:Sphenofrontal_suture] synonym: "frontosphenoid suture" EXACT [FMA:52938] synonym: "spheno-frontal suture" RELATED [] synonym: "sphenofrontal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sphenofrontal_suture] synonym: "sphenofrontal suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52938] synonym: "Sutura sphenofrontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sphenofrontal_suture] synonym: "sutura sphenofrontalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sphenofrontal_suture] xref: FMA:52938 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray164.png xref: SCTID:136349005 is_a: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture relationship: connects UBERON:0000209 relationship: connects UBERON:0001677 intersection_of: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone relationship: connects UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010157 name: sphenoparietal suture def: "The Sphenoparietal suture is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the parietal bone." [Wikipedia:Sphenoparietal_suture] synonym: "spheno-parietal suture" EXACT [] synonym: "sphenoparietal suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52945] synonym: "Sutura sphenoparietalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sphenoparietal_suture] xref: FMA:52945 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray164.png xref: SCTID:136551005 is_a: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 relationship: connects UBERON:0001677 intersection_of: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone relationship: connects UBERON:0000210 ! tetrapod parietal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010158 name: sphenozygomatic suture def: "The Sphenozygomatic suture is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the zygomatic bone." [Wikipedia:Sphenozygomatic_suture] synonym: "sphenozygomatica suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52956] synonym: "sutura sphenozygomatica" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Sphenozygomatic_suture] xref: FMA:52956 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Gray189.png xref: SCTID:368980007 is_a: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture relationship: connects UBERON:0001677 relationship: connects UBERON:0001683 intersection_of: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001683 ! zygomatic bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001677 ! sphenoid bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001683 ! zygomatic bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010159 name: occipitomastoid suture def: "The occipitomastoid suture is the cranial suture between the occipital bone and the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. It is continuous with the lambdoidal suture." [Wikipedia:Occipitomastoid_suture] synonym: "occipito-mastoid suture" RELATED [Wikipedia:Occipitomastoid_suture] synonym: "occipitomastoid suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52934] synonym: "sutura occipitomastoidea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Occipitomastoid_suture] synonym: "sutura occipitomastoidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipitomastoid_suture] xref: FMA:52934 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Occipitomastoideus.PNG xref: SCTID:134136005 is_a: UBERON:0003685 {source="FMA"} ! cranial suture relationship: connects UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001678 ! temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010160 name: lumen of lymphatic vessel synonym: "lumen of lymphatic duct" EXACT [FMA:59681] synonym: "lymphatic vessel lumen" EXACT [FMA:59681] xref: FMA:59681 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001473 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0010161 name: lumen of blood vessel synonym: "blood vessel lumen" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:91747007 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity is_a: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001981 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0010162 name: tail tip synonym: "end of tail" RELATED [MA:0002848] xref: MA:0002848 xref: XAO:0004057 is_a: UBERON:0000479 {source="XAO"} ! tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 {source="MA"} ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0010163 name: eyebrow def: "The eyebrow is an area of thick, delicate hairs above the eye that follows the shape of the lower margin of the brow ridges. Their main function is to protect the eye, but they are also important to human communication and facial expression. It is not uncommon for people to modify their eyebrows by means of hair addition or removal, make up, or piercings." [Wikipedia:Eyebrow] comment: AO notes: in ncit, this is an "eye appendage" subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "supercilium" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Eyebrow] xref: FMA:54237 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Eyes_chris.jpg xref: MESH:A.01.456.505.420.338 xref: ncithesaurus:Eyebrow xref: SCTID:265781000 is_a: UBERON:0010165 {source="FMA"} ! collection of hair on face relationship: part_of UBERON:0004088 ! ocular region [Term] id: UBERON:0010164 name: collection of hairs synonym: "hairs" EXACT [FMA:70752] synonym: "hairs set" EXACT [FMA:70752] synonym: "pili" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "set of hairs" EXACT [FMA:70752] xref: FMA:70752 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001037 intersection_of: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0010165 name: collection of hair on face subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "facial hair" RELATED [] synonym: "facial hairs set" EXACT [FMA:70741] synonym: "set of facial hairs" EXACT [FMA:70741] xref: FMA:70741 is_a: UBERON:0010164 ! collection of hairs relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 intersection_of: UBERON:0010164 ! collection of hairs intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0010171 ! strand of hair of face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0010166 name: coat of hair subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "coat" BROAD [] synonym: "coat pelt" RELATED [] synonym: "fur coat" RELATED [] synonym: "hair coat" EXACT [] synonym: "pelage" RELATED [] synonym: "pelt" RELATED [] synonym: "set of coat hairs" EXACT [] xref: ncithesaurus:Coat_Pelt is_a: UBERON:0010164 ! collection of hairs [Term] id: UBERON:0010167 name: beard def: "the collection of hair that grows on the chin, cheeks and neck of human beings. Usually, only pubescent or adult males are able to grow beards. However, women with hirsutism may develop a beard. When differentiating between upper and lower facial hair, a beard specifically includes the moustache, which refers to hair above the upper lip and around it." [Wikipedia:Beard] subset: phenotype_rcn xref: FMA:54240 xref: SCTID:256924005 is_a: UBERON:0010165 {source="FMA"} ! collection of hair on face [Term] id: UBERON:0010168 name: collection of eyelashes synonym: "cilia" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "eyelashes" EXACT [FMA:70742] synonym: "eyelashes set" EXACT [FMA:70742] synonym: "set of eyelashes" EXACT [FMA:70742] xref: FMA:70742 xref: SCTID:367575006 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010165 ! collection of hair on face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001702 intersection_of: UBERON:0010165 ! collection of hair on face intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001702 ! eyelash relationship: part_of UBERON:0001702 ! eyelash [Term] id: UBERON:0010169 name: moustache def: "facial hair grown on the outer surface of the upper lip. It may or may not be accompanied by a type of beard, a facial hair style grown and cropped to cover most of the lower half of the face." [Wikipedia:Moustache] subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "mustache" EXACT [] xref: FMA:59652 xref: SCTID:256925006 is_a: UBERON:0010165 {source="FMA"} ! collection of hair on face relationship: part_of UBERON:0004089 ! midface [Term] id: UBERON:0010170 name: region of neural crest xref: TAO:0000045 xref: ZFA:0000045 is_a: UBERON:0000480 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anatomical group is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest property_value: external_definition "A cell population arising from the dorsolateral aspect of the central nervous system primordium during the segmentation period, and later migrating along stereotyped pathways to give rise to a diverse and well-defined set of cell types including pigment cells, peripheral neurons and glia, and head cartilage. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000045", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010171 name: strand of hair of face synonym: "face hair" EXACT [FMA:54360] synonym: "face hair strand" EXACT [] synonym: "facial hair" RELATED [FMA:54360] synonym: "hair of face" EXACT [FMA:54360] xref: FMA:54360 xref: SCTID:368910000 is_a: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 intersection_of: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0010172 name: bulb of aorta def: "the portion of the left ventricular outflow tract delineated by the sinotubular ridge superiorly and the bases of the valve leaflets inferiorly; it comprises the aortic sinuses, the aortic valve leaflets, the commissures, and the interleaflet triangles" [MP:0011572] synonym: "aorta bulb" EXACT [MP:0011575] synonym: "aortic bulb" EXACT [FMA:3740] synonym: "aortic root" EXACT [MP:0011572] synonym: "bulb of ascending aorta" EXACT [FMA:3740] synonym: "bulbus aortae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "root of aorta" EXACT [FMA:3740] synonym: "supraaortic valve area" EXACT [FMA:3740] xref: FMA:3740 xref: SCTID:362032000 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001496 {source="FMA"} ! ascending aorta property_value: external_definition "The dilated first part of the aorta containing the aortic semilunar valves and the aortic sinuses." xsd:string {source="http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aortic+bulb"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010173 name: sinotubular junction def: "the point in the ascending aorta where the aortic sinuses end and the aorta becomes a tubular structure" [MP:0011572] synonym: "sinotubular ridge" EXACT [MP:0011572] is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001496 {source="MP"} ! ascending aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0010174 name: Schweigger-Seidel sheath def: "a phagocytic sleeve that is part of a sheathed arteriole of the spleen, and is sometimes referred to as a splenic ellipsoid. It is a spindle-shaped thickening in the walls of the second part of the arterial branches forming the penicilli in the spleen" [PMC:PMC3204613, Wikipedia:Schweigger-Seidel_sheath] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001980 ! arteriole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0010175 name: nutrient vein xref: FMA:50780 is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0010176 name: nutrient artery def: "The medullary or nutrient artery, usually accompanied by one or two veins, sends branches upward and downward to the bone marrow, which ramify in the medullary membrane, and give twigs to the adjoining canals." [Wikipedia:Nutrient_artery] synonym: "a. nutricia, a. nutriens" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nutrient_artery] xref: FMA:50779 xref: ncithesaurus:Nutrient_Artery xref: SCTID:337318006 is_a: UBERON:0004573 {source="FMA"} ! systemic artery [Term] id: UBERON:0010181 name: straight venules of kidney def: "The straight venules of kidney are branches from the plexuses at the apices of the medullary pyramids, formed by the terminations of the arteriae rectae. They run outward in a straight course between the tubes of the medullary substance, and joining, as above stated, the interlobular veins, form venous arcades; these in turn unite and form veins which pass along the sides of the pyramids. Contains fenestrated capillaries." [Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney] synonym: "set of straight venules of kidney" EXACT [FMA:72007] synonym: "venae rectae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney] synonym: "venulae rectae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney] synonym: "venulae rectae of kidney" EXACT [FMA:72007] synonym: "venulae rectae renis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "venulae rectae renis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney] synonym: "venulae recti" RELATED [Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney] xref: FMA:72007 xref: SCTID:245983001 xref: Wikipedia:Straight_venules_of_kidney is_a: UBERON:0005629 ! vascular plexus is_a: UBERON:0006544 ! kidney vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0002113 ! kidney [Term] id: UBERON:0010182 name: vaginal part of cervix def: "The vaginal portion of the cervix projects free into the anterior wall of the vagina between the anterior and posterior fornices vaginae" [Wikipedia:Vaginal_portion_of_cervix] synonym: "portio vaginalis" EXACT [] synonym: "portio vaginalis cervicis" EXACT [] synonym: "portio vaginalis cervicis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vaginal_portion_of_cervix] xref: FMA:77056 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Illu_female_pelvis.jpg is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000002 {source="FMA"} ! uterine cervix [Term] id: UBERON:0010183 name: liver trabecula def: "A trabecula that is part of a liver" [GO:0060344, Obol:automatic] synonym: "hepatic trabecula" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 intersection_of: UBERON:0000440 ! trabecula intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0002107 ! liver [Term] id: UBERON:0010185 name: rete ovarii comment: Editor note: todo xref: EMAPA:17966 xref: ncithesaurus:Rete_Ovarii xref: SCTID:259261007 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005296 ! ovary sex cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0010186 name: male urethral gland def: "Any of the many glands that branch off the wall of the urethra of male mammals. The glands secrete mucus, which is incorporated into the semen, and are most numerous in the section of the urethra that runs through the penis. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Urethral_gland] synonym: "gland of Littre" EXACT [] synonym: "gland of male urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "glandulae urethrales urethrae masculinae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Urethral_gland] synonym: "Littre's gland" EXACT [FMA:21443] synonym: "male urethra gland" EXACT [] synonym: "urethral gland (male)" EXACT [FMA:21443] xref: EMAPA:29645 xref: FMA:21443 xref: ncithesaurus:Urethral_Gland xref: SCTID:303562001 is_a: UBERON:0001338 ! urethral gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 intersection_of: UBERON:0001338 ! urethral gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001333 ! male urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0010187 name: female urethral gland synonym: "female urethra gland" EXACT [] synonym: "gland of female urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "urethral gland (female)" EXACT [FMA:21444] xref: EMAPA:29653 xref: FMA:21444 xref: SCTID:279476001 is_a: UBERON:0001338 ! urethral gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001334 intersection_of: UBERON:0001338 ! urethral gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001334 ! female urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0010188 name: protuberance def: "A roughly circular bulge in a surface." [EHDAA2:0003250] xref: AEO:0000205 xref: EHDAA2:0003250 xref: FMA:82506 is_a: UBERON:0003102 {source="EHDAA2"} ! surface structure [Term] id: UBERON:0010189 name: right atrium venous valve comment: AO notes: part_of in EHDAA2. Only child in MA. synonym: "right venous valve" RELATED [EHDAA2:0001762] xref: EHDAA2:0001762 xref: EMAPA:17010 xref: EMAPA:17328 xref: MA:0001872 is_a: UBERON:0005208 {source="MA"} ! right atrium valve [Term] id: UBERON:0010190 name: pair of dorsal aortae synonym: "paired dorsal aortae" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000410] xref: EHDAA2:0000410 xref: MA:0000476 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="EHDAA2"} ! multi-tissue structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010191 {source="EHDAA2"} ! aortic system [Term] id: UBERON:0010191 name: aortic system xref: EHDAA2:0004512 is_a: UBERON:0000480 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anatomical group [Term] id: UBERON:0010192 name: genital artery is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery [Term] id: UBERON:0010193 name: renal portal vein def: "A portal vein that empties into capillaries within the kidneys." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: Function notes: function not well understood. [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "renal portal veins" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0000577] xref: TAO:0000577 xref: ZFA:0000577 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="ZFA"} ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003513 ! trunk blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002201 {source="ZFA"} ! vasculature of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0010194 name: hepatic portal system def: "A portal system that begins in capillaries in the wall of the digestive tract and and runs as the hepatic portal vein to the liver." [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "hepatic-portal system" EXACT [AAO:0010225] synonym: "portal system of liver" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010225 is_a: UBERON:0005806 ! portal system property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system which includes the ventral abdominal vein, pelvic veins, and portal vein and collects blood from the pelvic region, liver, gall bladder and stomach.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010225", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010195 name: renal portal system def: "A portal system that transports blood returning from capillary beds within tail or hindlimbs through paired renal portal veins that empty into capillaries within the kidneys." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: Function notes: function not well understood. Taxon notes: present in all classes of vertebrates except mammals; the mammalian kidney has a low pressure vascular network that may be its counterpart [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "portal system of kidney" EXACT [] synonym: "renal-portal system" EXACT [AAO:0010518] xref: AAO:0010518 is_a: UBERON:0005806 ! portal system property_value: external_definition "Part of the circulatory system in which the veins of the hindlimb combine to form the pair Jacobson's veins which receive many small vesicles from the kidney and also collects blood from the oviducal vein.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010518", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010197 name: trunk of common carotid artery def: "The initial part of the entire common carotid artery ending with the point where the artery bifurcates into an external carotid artery and an internal carotid artery." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "common carotid arterial trunk" EXACT [FMA:69323] synonym: "common carotid artery" RELATED INCONSISTENT [EHDAA2:0000306] xref: EHDAA2:0000306 xref: EMAPA:18610 xref: FMA:69323 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005396 ! carotid artery segment is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001530 {source="FMA"} ! common carotid artery plus branches [Term] id: UBERON:0010198 name: carotid duct def: "a portion of the embryonic dorsal aorta between points of juncture with the third and fourth arch arteries; it disappears early in development." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=ductus+caroticus] comment: In amphibians, closes at metamorphosis[Kardong] synonym: "ductus caroticus" EXACT [EMAPA:17006] xref: EMAPA:17006 xref: SCTID:340062006 is_a: UBERON:0003513 ! trunk blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003120 ! aortic arch 3 relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0003121 ! aortic arch 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005805 ! dorsal aorta [Term] id: UBERON:0010202 name: lateral line def: "The lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear and between the eye and ear." [Wikipedia:Lateral_line, ZFA:0001469] synonym: "lateral lines" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001469] xref: AAO:0011128 xref: TAO:0001469 xref: XAO:0004002 xref: ZFA:0001469 is_a: UBERON:0000479 {source="ZFA"} ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009128 ! lateral line placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0002540 {source="ZFA"} ! lateral line system [Term] id: UBERON:0010204 name: tail vasculature comment: AO notes: isa blood vessel in XAO synonym: "post-vent vasculature" EXACT [ZFA:0005037] synonym: "tail vasculature" RELATED [ZFA:0005037] xref: TAO:0005037 xref: XAO:0004151 xref: ZFA:0005037 xref: ZFIN:ZDB-ANAT-051116-21 is_a: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0007812 ! post-anal tail [Term] id: UBERON:0010205 name: mesencephalic vein def: "One of the several veins that drain the mesencephalon; the posterior ones are tributaries to the great cerebral vein; the lateral ones are tributaries to the basal vein. The main veins are: pontomesencephalic vein [TA] (vena pontomesencephalica [TA]), interpeduncular veins [TA] (venae interpedunculares [TA]), intercollicular vein [TA] (vena intercollicularis [TA]), and lateral mesencephalic vein [TA] (vena mesencephalica lateralis [TA])[MedLex]. The major vein of the midbrain, which crosses the midbrain medially to meet it's partner the mesencephalic artery[XAO]." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=97378, XAO:0004174] comment: Editor notes: review this term, check taxon scope; note FMA has specific subtypes synonym: "msv" RELATED [TAO:0005092] synonym: "vena mesencephalica" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=venae+mesencephalicae] synonym: "venae mesencephalicae" EXACT PLURAL [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?s=venae+mesencephalicae] xref: SCTID:43225002 xref: TAO:0005092 xref: XAO:0004174 xref: ZFA:0005092 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="XAO"} ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0010207 name: nictitating membrane def: "A fold of the mucous membrane of the conjunctiva in many animals. At rest, it is hidden in the medial canthus. It can extend to cover part or all of the cornea to help clean the cornea." [MESH:A.13.660, Wikipedia:Nictitating_membrane] comment: Taxon notes: Some reptiles, birds, and sharks have full nictitating membranes; in many mammals, a small, vestigial portion of the membrane remains in the corner of the eye. Some mammals, such as camels, polar bears, seals, and aardvarks, have full nictitating membranes[WP]. Editor notes: We exclude the shark structure for this via a taxon constraint. synonym: "nictitans" EXACT [http://tolweb.org/Amniota] synonym: "third eyelid" EXACT [MESH:A.13.660] xref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chickenblinking.jpg xref: MESH:A.13.660 xref: ncithesaurus:Nictitating_Membrane is_a: UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid is_a: UBERON:0010305 ! region of conjunctiva relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010209 name: plica semilunaris of conjunctiva def: "The plica semilunaris is a small fold of bulbar conjunctiva on the medial canthus of the eye. It is loose, so that eye movements are not restricted. It is considered a vestigial organ." [Wikipedia:Plica_semilunaris_of_conjunctiva] synonym: "plica semilunaris (conjunctiva)" EXACT [FMA:59045] synonym: "plica semilunaris conjunctivae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Plica_semilunaris_of_conjunctiva] synonym: "plica semilunaris of the conjunctiva" RELATED [Wikipedia:Plica_semilunaris_of_conjunctiva] synonym: "semilunar fold of conjunctiva" EXACT [FMA:59045] xref: FMA:59045 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Gray1205.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Gray1205.png/250px-Gray1205.png xref: SCTID:280686009 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005160 {source="Wikipedia"} ! vestigial structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 {source="FMA"} ! conjunctiva property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0010207 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010210 name: blood clot def: "A semisolid gelatinous mass of coagulated blood that consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets entrapped in a fibrin network." [BTO:0000102, Wikipedia:Thrombus] synonym: "thrombus" RELATED [BTO:0000102] xref: BTO:0000102 xref: galen:BloodClot is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000178 {source="BTO"} ! blood [Term] id: UBERON:0010211 name: granulation tissue def: "Highly vascularized tissue that replaces the initial fibrin clot in a wound. Vascularization is by ingrowth of capillary endothelium from the surrounding vasculature. The tissue is also rich in fibroblasts (that will eventually produce the fibrous tissue) and leucocytes." [BTO:0003257] xref: BTO:0003257 xref: MESH:A.10.165.450 is_a: UBERON:0002384 {source="BTO"} ! connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0010212 name: laryngeal apparatus def: "Apparatus located between the lungs and the buccal cavity. This apparatus is composed of a pair of arytenoid cartilages that are supported by the cricoid ring." [AAO:0000267] comment: Check this. See also UBERONREF:0000008 synonym: "laryngeal cartilage system" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000904] xref: AAO:0000267 xref: EHDAA2:0000904 is_a: UBERON:0000467 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anatomical system is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0001739 ! laryngeal cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 {source="EHDAA2"} ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0010213 name: laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010221 {source="EHDAA2-abstracted"} ! laryngeal associated mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0010212 {source="EHDAA2-abstracted"} ! laryngeal apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0010214 name: cricoid pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000327 is_a: UBERON:0010213 ! laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010215 name: arytenoid swellings def: "paired primordial elevations, on either side of the embryonic larynx, within which the arytenoid cartilages are formed" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=87317] comment: AO notes - EHDAA2 and EMAPA appear to be inconsistent xref: EHDAA2:0000146 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005856 {source="EHDAA2"} ! developing mesenchymal condensation is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010221 {source="EHDAA2"} ! laryngeal associated mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010212 {source="EHDAA2"} ! laryngeal apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0010219 name: thyroid pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0004088 is_a: UBERON:0010213 ! laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010220 name: arytenoid pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "arytenoid swelling pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:17387] xref: EHDAA2:0000144 xref: EMAPA:17387 xref: VHOG:0000998 is_a: UBERON:0010213 ! laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010215 {source="EHDAA2"} ! arytenoid swellings [Term] id: UBERON:0010221 name: laryngeal associated mesenchyme comment: Many sources say: thyroid cartilage from arch 4 other laryngeal cartilage (cricoid/arytenoid) from 6? xref: EHDAA2:0004085 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002539 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003115 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch 4 relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003117 {source="Wikipedia"} ! pharyngeal arch 6 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 {source="EHDAA2"} ! larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0010222 name: anatomical line between pupils synonym: "interpupillary line" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line relationship: connects UBERON:0010223 ! left pupil relationship: connects UBERON:0010224 ! right pupil relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0010223 name: left pupil synonym: "pupil of left eye" EXACT [FMA:58254] xref: FMA:58254 xref: SCTID:368597006 is_a: UBERON:0001771 ! pupil relationship: part_of UBERON:0004548 intersection_of: UBERON:0001771 ! pupil intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004548 ! left eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0004548 ! left eye [Term] id: UBERON:0010224 name: right pupil synonym: "pupil of right eye" EXACT [FMA:58253] xref: FMA:58253 xref: SCTID:368575009 is_a: UBERON:0001771 ! pupil relationship: part_of UBERON:0004549 intersection_of: UBERON:0001771 ! pupil intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004549 ! right eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0004549 ! right eye [Term] id: UBERON:0010225 name: thalamic complex xref: EHDAA2:0004469 xref: FMA:258745 is_a: UBERON:0002784 ! regional part of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 {source="EHDAA2"} ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0010226 name: future cardiac ventricle def: "Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac ventricle." [ZFA:0001719] synonym: "presumptive cardiac ventricle heart tube" EXACT [ZFA:0001719] synonym: "primordial cardiac ventricle" EXACT [FMA:71006] synonym: "primordial ventricle" EXACT [FMA:71006] xref: FMA:71006 xref: TAO:0002231 xref: ZFA:0001719 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002082 ! cardiac ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004141 {source="ZFA"} ! heart tube [Term] id: UBERON:0010227 name: future cardiac atrium def: "Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac atrium." [ZFA:0001718] synonym: "presumptive atrium heart tube" EXACT [ZFA:0001718] synonym: "primordial atrium" EXACT [FMA:71005] synonym: "primordial cardiac atrium" EXACT [FMA:71005] xref: FMA:71005 xref: TAO:0002228 xref: ZFA:0001718 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002081 ! cardiac atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004141 {source="ZFA"} ! heart tube [Term] id: UBERON:0010228 name: ruminal fluid xref: BTO:0004789 is_a: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0007365 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0007365 ! rumen relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0007365 ! rumen [Term] id: UBERON:0010229 name: ruminant esophageal groove def: "A muscular structure at the lower end of the esophagus that, when closed, forms a tube allowing milk to go directly into the abomasum. (This prevents milk from being fermented or soured by the ruminal microorganisms)." [http://www.extension.org/pages/16468/esophageal-groove] comment: The formation of the esophageal groove is controlled by neural stimulation from suckling and milk proteins. This means milk, colostrum, and milk replacer bypass the rumen, while water enters it synonym: "esophageal groove" BROAD SENSU [] synonym: "reticular groove" BROAD SENSU [] synonym: "ruminant reticular groove" EXACT [] xref: BTO:0004789 xref: SCTID:86149002 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006846 ! groove relationship: channel_for UBERON:0001913 ! milk relationship: channels_from UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: channels_into UBERON:0007358 ! abomasum relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007361 ! ruminant reticulum relationship: existence_ends_during UBERON:0000113 ! post-juvenile adult stage [Term] id: UBERON:0010230 name: eyeball of camera-type eye def: "The camera-type eye apart from its appendages/adnexa." [Wikipedia:Globe_(human_eye)] comment: See notes for camera-type eye synonym: "bulbus oculi" EXACT [] synonym: "eye" RELATED INCONSISTENT [] synonym: "eye globe" EXACT [VHOG:0001616] synonym: "eyeball" EXACT [FMA:12513] synonym: "globe" RELATED [HP:0100886, MIAA:0000283] xref: FMA:12513 xref: MIAA:0000283 xref: SCTID:244486005 xref: VHOG:0001616 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 {source="FMA"} ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0010231 name: anatomical line between outer ears synonym: "otic line" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0006800 ! anatomical line relationship: connects UBERON:0006616 ! right external ear relationship: connects UBERON:0006617 ! left external ear [Term] id: UBERON:0010232 name: placodal ectoderm is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0010233 name: stroma of thyroid gland def: "the connective tissue that supports the lobules and follicles of the thyroid gland." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/stroma-of-thyroid-gland.html] synonym: "thyroid gland stroma" EXACT [FMA:86304] synonym: "thyroid stroma" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86304 xref: SCTID:157862000 is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 intersection_of: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002046 ! thyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0010234 name: palatopharyngeus def: "The palatopharyngeus or palatopharyngeal or pharyngopalatinus muscle is a long, fleshy fasciculus, narrower in the middle than at either end, forming, with the mucous membrane covering its surface, the palatopharyngeal arch." [Wikipedia:Palatopharyngeus_muscle] comment: Structure notes: It is separated from the palatoglossus muscle by an angular interval, in which the palatine tonsil is lodged. It arises from the soft palate, where it is divided into two fasciculi by the levator veli palatini and musculus uvulae synonym: "musculus palatopharyngeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Palatopharyngeus_muscle] synonym: "palatopharyngeal muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "palatopharyngeus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "pharyngopalatinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Palatopharyngeus_muscle] synonym: "pharyngopalatinus muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palatopharyngeus_muscle] xref: FMA:46666 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Musculuspalatopharyngeus.png xref: SCTID:244796000 is_a: UBERON:0000933 {source="FMA"} ! pharyngeal muscle is_a: UBERON:0003682 {source="Wikipedia"} ! palatal muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001738 {notes="Upper border of thyroid cartilage", source="dbpedia"} ! thyroid cartilage relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001759 {source="dbpedia", notes="vagus nerve and cranial accessory nerve"} ! vagus nerve relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0002019 {source="dbpedia", notes="vagus nerve and cranial accessory nerve"} ! accessory XI nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003216 {source="dbpedia", notes="palatine aponeurosis and hard palate"} ! hard palate property_value: external_definition "Palatopharyngeus is a muscle that attaches to the palatine bones, soft palate, and pharynx and is innervated by Cranial Nerve X via the pharyngeal plexus.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010235 name: uvular muscle def: "The musculus uvulae (azygos uvulae) is a muscle of the soft palate. It arises from the posterior nasal spine of the palatine bones and from the palatine aponeurosis. It descends to be inserted into the uvula and functions to move and shape it. It is innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus[WP]." [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae] synonym: "azygos uvulae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae] synonym: "m. uvulae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae] synonym: "musculus uvulae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae] synonym: "musculus uvulae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae] synonym: "uvulae muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Musculus_uvulae] synonym: "uvular muscle" EXACT [FMA:46733] xref: FMA:46733 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Gray169.png xref: SCTID:244797009 is_a: UBERON:0003682 {source="Wikipedia"} ! palatal muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000929 {source="dbpedia"} ! pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003216 {source="dbpedia"} ! hard palate property_value: external_definition "The muscle of the uvuli is an integral part of the soft palate and is innervated by Cranial Nerve X .[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010238 name: torus pylorus def: "A fleshy protuberance at the pylorus of some species such as ruminants and pigs, that projects into the lumen of the pyloric canal" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/torus+pyloricus] synonym: "torus pyloricus" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:14214007 is_a: UBERON:0009034 {source="MA"} ! stomach region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001166 ! pylorus property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:314146 [Term] id: UBERON:0010239 name: spiral colon def: "A variant of the ascending colon ruminants and pigs." [Wikipedia:Spiral_colon] synonym: "coiled colon" EXACT [] xref: ncithesaurus:Spiral_Colon is_a: UBERON:0000168 ! segment of colon relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001157 ! transverse colon relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001045 {source="Wikipedia"} ! midgut property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0001156 [Term] id: UBERON:0010240 name: zygomatic gland def: "a salivary gland best developed in carnivores; located above the zygomatic arch and below the eye. Enlargement or mucocele of the gland causes exophthalmos" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/zygomatic+gland] synonym: "orbital gland" RELATED [] synonym: "superior buccal gland" RELATED [] synonym: "upper molar gland" RELATED [] xref: ncithesaurus:Zygomatic_Gland is_a: UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek [Term] id: UBERON:0010241 name: molar gland comment: a variety of mammals have salivary glands variously terms upper molar/buccal gland - this class groups all of these synonym: "molar salivary gland" EXACT [FMA:59794] xref: FMA:59794 xref: SCTID:59637006 is_a: UBERON:0001830 ! minor salivary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 intersection_of: UBERON:0001830 ! minor salivary gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek [Term] id: UBERON:0010242 name: anterior buccal gland xref: MA:0002700 is_a: UBERON:0010241 ! molar gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 ! cheek [Term] id: UBERON:0010243 name: merocrine gland def: "One in which the secretory cells maintain their integrity throughout the secretory cycle." [BTO:0002324] xref: BTO:0002324 is_a: UBERON:0002530 {source="BTO"} ! gland [Term] id: UBERON:0010244 name: choroid tapetum lucidum def: "A tapetum lucidum that is part of the choroid" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum#Classification] synonym: "tapetum choroideae" EXACT [BTO:0001828] xref: BTO:0001828 xref: SCTID:3034006 is_a: UBERON:0004868 ! tapetum lucidum relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 intersection_of: UBERON:0004868 ! tapetum lucidum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! choroid relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000966 ! retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0001776 ! choroid [Term] id: UBERON:0010245 name: retinal tapetum lucidum def: "A tapetum lucidum that is part of the retina" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum#Classification] comment: Taxon notes: as seen in teleosts, crocodiles, marsupials and fruit bats[WP] is_a: UBERON:0004868 ! tapetum lucidum relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 intersection_of: UBERON:0004868 ! tapetum lucidum intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0000966 ! retina [Term] id: UBERON:0010246 name: choroidal guanine tapetum def: "A choroid tapetum lucidum that is made of a palisade of cells containing stacks of flat hexagonal crystals of guanine" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum#Classification] comment: Taxon notes: elasmobranchii (skates, rays, and sharks) and chimaeras[WP] is_a: UBERON:0010244 ! choroid tapetum lucidum [Term] id: UBERON:0010247 name: choroidal tapetum cellulosum def: "A choroid tapetum lucidum that consists of layers of cells containing organized, highly refractive crystals. These crystals are diverse in shape and makeup" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum#Classification] comment: Taxon notes: carnivores, rodents and cetacea[WP] is_a: UBERON:0010244 ! choroid tapetum lucidum [Term] id: UBERON:0010248 name: choroidal tapetum fibrosum def: "A choroid tapetum lucidum that is an array of extracellular fibers." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Tapetum_lucidum#Classification] comment: Taxon notes: cows, sheep, goats and horses[WP] is_a: UBERON:0010244 ! choroid tapetum lucidum [Term] id: UBERON:0010249 name: posterior meningeal artery def: "The posterior meningeal artery are small vessels which are branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery which supply the dura mater. It passes through the mastoid foramen before entering the cranium via the jugular foramen." [Wikipedia:Posterior_meningeal_artery] synonym: "arteria meningea posterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Posterior_meningeal_artery] synonym: "meningeal branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Posterior_meningeal_artery] synonym: "posterior meningeal arteries" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Posterior_meningeal_artery] synonym: "terminal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery" EXACT [FMA:49503] xref: FMA:49503 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Gray193.png xref: ncithesaurus:Posterior_Meningeal_Artery is_a: UBERON:0003474 ! meningeal artery [Term] id: UBERON:0010250 name: middle meningeal artery def: "The middle meningeal artery is typically the third branch of the first part (retromandibular part) of the maxillary artery; one of the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery. After branching off the maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa, it runs through the foramen spinosum to supply the dura mater and the calvaria. The middle meningeal artery is the largest of the three (paired) arteries which supply the meninges, the others being the anterior meningeal artery and the posterior meningeal artery. In approximately half of subjects it branches into an accessory meningeal artery. The middle meningeal artery runs beneath the pterion. It is vulnerable to injury at this point, where the skull is thin. Rupture of the artery may give rise to an epidural hematoma." [Wikipedia:Middle_meningeal_artery] synonym: "arteria meningea media" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_meningeal_artery] synonym: "arteria meningea media" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_meningeal_artery] xref: FMA:49711 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Middle_meningeal_artery.png xref: SCTID:278100005 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003474 ! meningeal artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001616 {source="FMA"} ! maxillary artery [Term] id: UBERON:0010251 name: anterior meningeal artery def: "a meningeal branch to the dura mater arising from the anterior ethmoidal artery." [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] comment: Editor notes: this needs checkin as part of a general revision of the blood vessels and their branches - unclear if the anterior meningeal artery should be treated separately from the anterior ethmoidal artery (ie as a branch) or the same thing synonym: "anterior ethmoid arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] synonym: "anterior ethmoid artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] synonym: "anterior meningeal arteries" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] synonym: "anterior meningeal artery" RELATED [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] synonym: "anterior meningeal branch of anterior ethmoidal artery" EXACT [FMA:49993] synonym: "arteria ethmoidalis anterior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Anterior_ethmoidal_artery] xref: FMA:49993 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Gray514.png xref: ncithesaurus:Anterior_Meningeal_Artery xref: SCTID:369327009 is_a: UBERON:0003474 ! meningeal artery [Term] id: UBERON:0010252 name: 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from neural crest xref: EHDAA2:0000037 is_a: UBERON:0009584 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010259 {source="inferred"} ! 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009584 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009584 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007098 ! mandibular neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0009584 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0009584 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0010253 name: 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from neural crest xref: EHDAA2:0000044 is_a: UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010259 ! 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010045 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010045 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0010254 name: 2nd arch mesenchyme from neural crest xref: EHDAA2:0000068 xref: EMAPA:16281 is_a: UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010359 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005689 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007099 ! hyoid neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005689 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 2nd arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0010255 name: 3rd arch mesenchyme from neural crest synonym: "3rd pharyngeal arch mesenchyme derived from neural crest" EXACT [VHOG:0000571] synonym: "mesenchyme derived from neural crest of mesenchyme of 3rd arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16404] xref: EHDAA2:0000083 xref: EMAPA:16404 xref: VHOG:0000571 is_a: UBERON:0005690 ! 3rd arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010359 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005690 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005690 ! 3rd arch mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 {source="EHDAA2-inferred"} ! rhombencephalon neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005690 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 3rd arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005690 ! 3rd arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000571", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010256 name: 4th arch mesenchyme from neural crest synonym: "4th pharyngeal arch mesenchyme derived from neural crest" EXACT [VHOG:0000580] synonym: "mesenchyme derived from neural crest of mesenchyme of 4th arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16772] xref: EHDAA2:0000098 xref: EMAPA:16772 xref: VHOG:0000580 is_a: UBERON:0005691 ! 4th arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010359 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005691 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005691 ! 4th arch mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 {source="EHDAA2-inferred"} ! rhombencephalon neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0005691 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 4th arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005691 ! 4th arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest property_value: homology_notes "In all vertebrates, the pharyngeal apparatus develops from a series of bulges found on the lateral surface of the head, the pharyngeal arches, which consist of a number of different embryonic cell types. Each arch has an external covering of ectoderm and inner covering of endoderm, and between these a mesenchymal filling of neural crest with a central core of mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000580", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010257 name: 6th arch mesenchyme from neural crest xref: EHDAA2:0004077 is_a: UBERON:0010031 ! 6th arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010359 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010031 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010031 ! 6th arch mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 {source="EHDAA2-inferred"} ! rhombencephalon neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0010031 ! 6th arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010031 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 6th arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0010258 name: mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest xref: EHDAA2:0004423 is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 ! rhombencephalon neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0007213 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0010259 name: 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest synonym: "mesenchyme derived from neural crest of mesenchyme of 1st arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16129] xref: EMAPA:16129 is_a: UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010359 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010042 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003852 {source="EHDAA2-inferred"} ! rhombencephalon neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010260 name: umbilical blood vessel synonym: "umbilical cord blood vessel" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002331 intersection_of: UBERON:0001981 ! blood vessel intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0002331 ! umbilical cord relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002331 ! umbilical cord [Term] id: UBERON:0010262 name: operculum of brain def: "The most posterior portion of the inferior frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe in the brain. In an axial plane, the Sylvian fissure extends from the operculum posteriorly to divide the frontal from the temporal lobe. Broca's area is a notable part of the operculum, which plays a key role in conversation or speech production, reading and writing. Its vascular supply comes from the M3 branches of the middle cerebral artery. Post-mortem, the parietal operculum of Albert Einstein's brain was found to be malformed." [Wikipedia:Operculum_%28brain%29] synonym: "operculum" BROAD [HP:0100954] synonym: "operculum frontale, operculum parietale, operculum temporale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Operculum_%28brain%29] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Operculum.png xref: SCTID:362351003 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001869 {source="HP"} ! cerebral hemisphere [Term] id: UBERON:0010263 name: obsolete embryoid body def: "Embryoid bodies are structures resembling embryos, occurring in several types of germ cell tumors." [BTO:0001718, Wikipedia:Embryoid_body] comment: Obsoled, as does not cover naturally occurring entity is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0010264 name: hepatopancreas def: "an organ of the digestive tract of arthropods and molluscs. It provides the functions which in mammals are provided separately by the liver and pancreas, including the production of digestive enzymes, and absorption of digested food." [Wikipedia:Hepatopancreas] xref: BTO:0000597 is_a: UBERON:0003408 ! gland of gut is_a: UBERON:0006925 {source="BTO"} ! digestive gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 {source="BTO"} ! midgut property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:6657 [Term] id: UBERON:0010265 name: mollusc hepatopancreas def: "." [Wikipedia:Digestive_system_of_gastropods#Hepatopancreas] is_a: UBERON:0010264 ! hepatopancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0010266 name: arthropod hepatopancreas def: "Digestive gland of crustaceans with functions approximately analogous to liver and pancreas of vertebrates - enzyme secretion, food absorption and storage." [BTO:0000597] synonym: "crustacean digestive gland" RELATED [] synonym: "midgut gland" RELATED [BTO:0000597] is_a: UBERON:0005057 ! immune organ is_a: UBERON:0010264 ! hepatopancreas relationship: part_of UBERON:0002405 {source="PMID:18025161"} ! immune system [Term] id: UBERON:0010267 name: obsolete inferior reticular formation def: "." [GO:0021728] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0010268 name: obsolete superior reticular formation def: "." [GO:0021729] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0010269 name: filum terminale internum synonym: "internal part of filum terminale" EXACT [FMA:256524] xref: FMA:256524 xref: SCTID:315673007 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005443 {source="FMA"} ! filum terminale [Term] id: UBERON:0010270 name: filum terminale externum synonym: "external part of filum terminale" EXACT [FMA:256526] xref: FMA:256526 xref: SCTID:315573001 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005443 {source="FMA"} ! filum terminale [Term] id: UBERON:0010271 name: musculus retractor bulbi def: "Cranial nerve VI innervated; ventral and posterior to the eye." [AAO:0010122] comment: Editors note: TODO - add innervation relationships // In most other mammals it also innervates the musculus retractor bulbi, which can retract the eye for protection[wiki/Abducens_nerve] synonym: "M. retractor bulbi" EXACT [] synonym: "retractor bulbi" EXACT [] synonym: "retractor bulbi muscle" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010122 is_a: UBERON:0001601 {source="cjm"} ! extra-ocular muscle property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010272 name: hyoid apparatus def: "A group of bones comprised of hyoid body and two pairs of cornua (i.e. greater cornua and lesser cornua), and lies just below the tongue, above the thyroid cartilage" [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Hyoid_apparatus] comment: Taxon notes: In most mammals, including humans, the hyoid apparatus is shaped like a horseshoe. However, in humans, some of the bones of the hyoid apparatus are fused into a single bone called os hyoideum. In other animals such as frogs, the hyoid apparatus has a hyoid body that is chiefly comprised of hyaline cartilage and two pairs of processes (i.e. alary process and the posteriolateral process). synonym: "apparatus hyobranchialis" RELATED LATIN [] synonym: "apparatus hyoideus" RELATED [http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Hyoid_apparatus] synonym: "hyobranchial apparatus" RELATED [AAO:0000225] synonym: "hyolingual system" RELATED [AAO:0000225] xref: AAO:0000225 xref: AAO:0000682 xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/gill_arches/images/ReptileHyoids.gif xref: SCTID:410035009 is_a: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005884 {source="AAO"} ! hyoid arch skeleton property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of hyolaryngeal complex (AAO:0000226)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000225", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Apparatus located in the floor of the mouth, under the mandibular arcade. The apparatus consists of a central corpus and four pairs of processes. This apparatus serves as the site of insertion for a variety of muscles associated with movements of the tongue and as the origin of the m. hyoglossus.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000225", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010273 name: zone of hyoid bone synonym: "hyoid bone zone" EXACT [FMA:59494] xref: FMA:59494 xref: SCTID:119534005 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001685 intersection_of: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010276 name: vertebral column opening comment: AO notes: in AAO this is a space rather than conduit synonym: "vertebral conduit" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000700 is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 intersection_of: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0010277 name: mesocardium def: "The part of the embryonic mesentery which connects the embryonic heart with the body wall in front and the foregut behind." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/mesocardium] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004873 {source="EHDAA2"} ! splanchnopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 {source="MA"} ! heart relationship: part_of UBERON:0003282 ! mesentery of heart relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001074 ! pericardial cavity [Term] id: UBERON:0010279 name: pericardial sinus def: "There are two Pericardial sinuses: transverse and oblique. The cul-de-sac enclosed between the limbs of the inverted U of the venous mesocardium lies behind the left atrium and is known as the oblique sinus. . The passage between the venous and arterial mesocardiabi.e. , between the aorta and pulmonary artery in front and the superior vena cava behindbis termed the transverse sinus. Also, the sinus that forms in the pericardial cavity where the dorso-mesentary pericardium reside. Can be used to pass ligature during cardiac surgery." [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus] synonym: "oblique pericardial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus] synonym: "oblique pericardial sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus] synonym: "oblique sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus] synonym: "pericardial sinuses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus] synonym: "transverse pericardial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus] synonym: "transverse pericardial sinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Gray489.png xref: SCTID:314273005 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0010277 {source="MA"} ! mesocardium [Term] id: UBERON:0010283 name: oblique pericardial sinus def: "The cul-de-sac enclosed between the limbs of the inverted U of the venous mesocardium lies behind the left atrium.[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Pericardial_sinus] synonym: "oblique sinus of pericardial cavity" EXACT [FMA:77133] xref: FMA:77133 is_a: UBERON:0010279 ! pericardial sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0010284 name: lacrimal punctum def: "A minute orifice on the summit of the papillae lacrimales, which is the commencement point of the lacrimal canaliculi." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_punctum] xref: FMA:59365 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Gray895.png xref: SCTID:263344003 is_a: UBERON:0000161 {source="FMA"} ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001750 {source="cjm"} ! lacrimal apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0010285 name: midbrain basal plate def: "Portion of tissue that is dorsolateral to the floor plate and part of the midbrain." [ZFA:0000761] synonym: "basal plate midbrain" EXACT [TAO:0000761] xref: EHDAA2:0004375 xref: TAO:0000761 xref: ZFA:0000761 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0009581 {source="EHDAA2"} ! midbrain mantle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0010286 {source="ZFA"} ! midbrain neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0010286 name: midbrain neural tube def: "Portion of neural tube that gives rise to the midbrain." [ZFA:0007039] xref: TAO:0007039 xref: ZFA:0007039 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003080 {source="ZFA"} ! anterior neural tube [Term] id: UBERON:0010287 name: motor root of facial nerve synonym: "facial nerve motor root" EXACT [FMA:53419] synonym: "seventh cranial nerve motor root" EXACT [FMA:53419] xref: FMA:53419 xref: SCTID:280191009 is_a: UBERON:0004674 {source="FMA"} ! facial nerve root relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005239 {source="Wikipedia"} ! basal plate metencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0010288 name: future medulla oblongata xref: EHDAA2:0001088 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001896 intersection_of: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001896 ! medulla oblongata [Term] id: UBERON:0010289 name: scleral cartilage def: "Circular cartilage ringing the posterior portion of the eye in the sclera. Supports the eye." [http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=scleral+cartilage] comment: Taxon notes: May be calcified in chondrichthyans. Tetrapods without this element (e.g., snakes and mammals) have a collagenous sclera. May not be homologous - see PMID:17051547. cup-shaped in birds. Present in monotremes. Editor notes: consider distinguishing cup from predecessor of ossicle. Hall: The scleral cartilaginous cup is a distinctly sepa- rate element composed of hyaline cartilage. Editors notes: relationship to sclera - overlaps? synonym: "scleral cartilaginous cup" NARROW SENSU [PMID:17051547] synonym: "scleral cartilaginous element" EXACT [PMID:17051547] synonym: "sclerotic cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001509] xref: TAO:0001509 xref: ZFA:0001509 is_a: UBERON:0003932 {source="ZFA"} ! cartilaginous element of chondrocranium is_a: UBERON:0010296 ! scleral skeletal element relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="PMID:17051547 - ossicles"} ! neural crest relationship: induced_by UBERON:0001782 {gci_relation="part_of", notes="Gallus gallus", source="PMID:17051547", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9031"} ! pigmented layer of retina relationship: part_of UBERON:0001773 {source="cjm"} ! sclera property_value: external_definition "Bilaterally paired thin continuous band of cartilage that sagitally encircles the eye.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001509", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32525 {source="PMID:17051547 - but present in monotremes"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010290 name: scleral ossicle def: "A bony plate around the eyes, are situated at the corneal-scleral limbus. They do not articulate with other elements of the skull. Typically, the scleral ossicles overlap the rim of a cup of scleral cartilage that supports the eyeball. Situated near the equator of the eye and may slightly overlap the rim of scleral cartilage." [PMID:17051547] comment: Taxon notes: The distribution of scleral ossicles and scleral cartilage among verte- brate taxa is not the same. Some taxa (e.g., birds) have both elements; some only have one element (e.g., crocodiles only have a scleral cartilage); while others (e.g., snakes) have neither element (Walls, 1942) number of ossicles making up the sclerotic ring as well as the shape of both the individual plates and the sclerotic ring is variable among tetrapod taxa.... It is therefore extremely likely that scleral skeletal elements (ossicles and cartilage) of all rep- tiles (including birds) are homologous (but cannot be assumed for reptiles and teleosts). Function notes: The function of these elements is to support the eye from within the sclera; scleral ossicles play an additional important role during accommodation in terrestrial vertebrates (Lemmrich, 1931; Walls, 1942; King and McLelland, 1984). synonym: "scleral ossicle" EXACT [PMID:17051547] synonym: "sclerotic bone" EXACT [ZFA:0001411] synonym: "sclerotic ossicle" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:45632000 is_a: UBERON:0010296 ! scleral skeletal element relationship: part_of UBERON:0001697 {source="ZFA"} ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7777 {source="PMID:17051547 Walls 1942"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7878 {source="PMID:17051547 Kemp 1999"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010291 name: layer of sclera def: "." [Wikipedia:Sclera#Histology] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001773 {source="cjm"} ! sclera [Term] id: UBERON:0010292 name: episcleral layer of eyeball def: "The episclera is the outermost layer of the sclera. It is composed of loose, fibrous, elastic tissue and attaches to Tenon's capsule. A vascular plexus is found between the conjunctiva and the sclera consisting of two layers of vessels, the superficial episcleral vessels and the deep episcleral vessels." [Wikipedia:Episcleral_layer] synonym: "episclera" EXACT [FMA:58362] synonym: "episcleral layer" EXACT [FMA:58362] synonym: "lamina episcleralis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Episcleral_layer] xref: FMA:58362 xref: ncithesaurus:Episclera xref: SCTID:368850003 is_a: UBERON:0010291 {source="Wikipedia"} ! layer of sclera [Term] id: UBERON:0010293 name: suprachoroid lamina def: "On the external surface of the sclera is a thin membrane, the suprachoroid lamina, composed of delicate non-vascular lamellaebeach lamella consisting of a net-work of fine elastic fibers among which are branched pigment cells. The spaces between the lamellC& are lined by endothelium, and open freely into the perichoroidal lymph space, which, in its turn, communicates with the periscleral space by the perforations in the sclera through which the vessels and nerves are transmitted." [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina] synonym: "fusca sclerae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina] synonym: "lamina fusca of sclera" EXACT [FMA:58368] synonym: "lamina fusca sclerae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "lamina fusca sclerae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina] synonym: "lamina fusca scletae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina] synonym: "lamina suprachorioidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina] synonym: "lamina suprachorioidea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina] synonym: "lamina suprachoroidea" RELATED [Wikipedia:Suprachoroid_lamina] synonym: "suprachoroid lamina of sclera" EXACT [FMA:58368] xref: FMA:58368 xref: SCTID:280607003 is_a: UBERON:0010291 {source="Wikipedia"} ! layer of sclera [Term] id: UBERON:0010294 name: scleral endothelium is_a: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium is_a: UBERON:0007625 ! pigment epithelium of eye is_a: UBERON:0010291 {source="Wikipedia"} ! layer of sclera is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001773 intersection_of: UBERON:0001986 ! endothelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001773 ! sclera relationship: part_of UBERON:0001773 ! sclera [Term] id: UBERON:0010295 name: substantia propria of sclera synonym: "scleral stroma" EXACT [FMA:58365] synonym: "stroma of sclera" EXACT [FMA:58365] synonym: "subsantia propria" BROAD [] synonym: "subsantia propria sclerae" EXACT [FMA:58365] xref: FMA:58365 xref: ncithesaurus:Substantia_Propria xref: SCTID:368851004 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma is_a: UBERON:0010291 {source="Wikipedia"} ! layer of sclera relationship: part_of UBERON:0001773 intersection_of: UBERON:0003891 ! stroma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001773 ! sclera relationship: part_of UBERON:0001773 ! sclera [Term] id: UBERON:0010296 name: scleral skeletal element comment: An eye adnexal structure, but not necessarily part of the eyeball is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0010321 ! skeletal element of eye region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:40674 {source="PMID:17051547"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010297 name: endochondral scleral ossicle comment: Taxon notes: The scleral ossicles [of teleosts] are reported to form indirectly by endochondral (Hall and Miyake, 1992) or by perichondral ossification (Patterson, 1977) from a cartilage element that is also present in the sclera. This is unlike the scleral ossicles of reptiles, which develop directly from ectomesenchyme (i.e., intramembranous ossification) and independently from the scleral cartilage[PMID:17051547] xref: TAO:0001411 xref: ZFA:0001411 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="ZFA"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0010290 ! scleral ossicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010289 {source="ZFA"} ! scleral cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="ZFA"} ! chondrocranium property_value: external_definition "A pair of small dish-shaped bones that cap the anterior and posterior margin of the eyeball.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001411", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523 [Term] id: UBERON:0010298 name: intramembranous scleral ossicle comment: Development notes: The scleral ossicles [in reptiles] are of dermal (neural crest) origin, develop intramembranously within the scleral mesenchyme, and are induced to form by overlying (transient) epithelial scleral papillae (Nelson, 1942; Murray, 1943; Fyfe and Hall, 1981, 1983; Hall, 1981, 2005; Pinto and Hall, 1991) is_a: UBERON:0002514 {source="PMID:11237469"} ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0010290 ! scleral ossicle relationship: develops_in UBERON:0010299 ! scleral mesenchyme relationship: induced_by UBERON:0010300 {source="PMID:16496288"} ! epithelial scleral papilla layer property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32443 [Term] id: UBERON:0010299 name: scleral mesenchyme def: "Mesenchyme surrounding the developing optic cup which develops into the sclera." [PMID:16496288, UBERON:cjm] comment: Development notes: The mesenchyme surrounding the developing optic cup differentiates into the sclera, the dense fibrous coat of the eye.. PMID:16496288 is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010300 name: epithelial scleral papilla layer comment: Development notes: The scleral ossicles are of dermal (neural crest) origin, develop intramembranously within the scleral mesenchyme, and are induced to form by overlying (transient) epithelial scleral papillae (Nelson, 1942; Murray, 1943; Fyfe and Hall, 1981, 1983; Hall, 1981, 2005; Pinto and Hall, 1991). Taxon notes: Scleral papillae (which induce scleral ossicles in birds) have not been reported in teleosts, but evidence for their presence may not have been sought synonym: "scleral papillae" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: develops_in UBERON:0010299 ! scleral mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010302 name: amnioserosa def: "a single extraembryonic epithelium, which closes the germband dorsally." [doi:10.1073/pnas.0709145105] comment: Editor's notes: May be obsoleted once added to insect ontology. Coordinate with cell type in CL synonym: "amnion-serosa" RELATED [BTO:0004800] xref: BTO:0004800 xref: FBbt:00000095 is_a: UBERON:0010303 {source="doi:10.1073/pnas.0709145105"} ! extraembryonic epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0010303 name: extraembryonic epithelium synonym: "extra-embryonic epithelium" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000478 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000478 ! extraembryonic structure [Term] id: UBERON:0010304 name: nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium def: "Stratified squamous epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium, the cells of which synthesizes but does not accumulate keratin. Examples: epithelium of vagina, epithelium of wall of esophagus." [FMA:45569] synonym: "epithelium stratificatum squamosum noncornificatum" EXACT [FMA:45569] xref: FMA:45569 is_a: UBERON:0006915 {source="FMA"} ! stratified squamous epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0010305 name: region of conjunctiva def: "The conjunctiva is divided into 3 parts." [Wikipedia:Conjunctiva#Gross_anatomy] subset: grouping_class synonym: "conjunctiva subdivision" EXACT [FMA:59023] xref: FMA:59023 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 intersection_of: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva [Term] id: UBERON:0010306 name: bulbar conjunctiva comment: covers the eyeball, over the sclera. This region of the conjunctiva is tightly bound to the underlying sclera by Tenon's capsule and moves with the eyeball movements. synonym: "ocular conjunctiva" EXACT [Wikipedia:Conjunctiva] xref: FMA:59024 xref: ncithesaurus:Bulbar_Conjunctiva xref: SCTID:264509009 is_a: UBERON:0010305 {source="FMA"} ! region of conjunctiva [Term] id: UBERON:0010307 name: conjunctival fornix comment: Forms the junction between the bulbar and palpebral conjunctivas. It is loose and flexible, allowing the free movement of the lids and eyeball xref: FMA:59016 is_a: UBERON:0010305 {source="FMA"} ! region of conjunctiva [Term] id: UBERON:0010308 name: os opticus def: "Scleral element located at the posterior pole of the scleral cartilage surrounding the foramen through which the optic nerve fibers pass. the internal architecture of this bone reveals a cancellous marrow cavity with fatty tissue." [PMID:16496288] comment: Taxon notes: At present, it has been documented in 219 species from 35 families, including perching birds, woodpeckers, hummingbirds, toucans, kingfishers, and falcons (Tiemeier, 1950). Morphologically, this element varies in shape from a complete encircling element in some woodpeckers (e.g., Melanerpes eryth- rocephalus) to an abbreviated arc in Gallus synonym: "Gemminger's ossicle" EXACT [PMID:16496288] synonym: "os nervi optici" EXACT [PMID:16496288] is_a: UBERON:0010298 ! intramembranous scleral ossicle [Term] id: UBERON:0010309 name: palpebral bone def: "An ossified element investing the upper eyelid." [PMID:16496288, Wikipedia:Palpebral_(bone)] comment: Taxon notes: The most extreme development of the palpebral is found in the armored dino- saur Euoplocephalus tutus, where the bone forms a quarter-sphere and adducts to completely occlude the or- bit (Coombs, 1972; Vickaryous and Russell, 2003). Notwithstanding the superficially similar position, palpe- brals and tarsal plates differ both anatomically and developmentally and are not considered homologous (Gauthier et al., 1988). Editor notes PMID:16496288 says 'invests' the eyelid, is this consistent across taxa? synonym: "palpebral" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0010321 ! skeletal element of eye region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0010310 name: nictitating membrane lamina def: "thin cartilaginous element that stiffens the nictitating membrane." [PMID:16496288] comment: Taxon notes: these laminae may consist of purely hyaline cartilage (cats and horses) or may be heavily invested with elastic fibers (dogs, pigs, and cows; Schlegel et al., 2001) synonym: "cartilago intercipiens" EXACT [PMID:16496288] is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003581 ! eyelid connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0010207 intersection_of: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010207 ! nictitating membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0010207 ! nictitating membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0010311 name: scleral sesamoid bone def: "A sesamoid bone that lies adjacent to the tendon of one of the muscles responsible for adducting the nictitating membrane (the pyramidal nictitating muscle) " [PMID:16496288] comment: Structure notes: During contraction, the scleral sesamoid bone acts to anchor the pyramidal nictitating muscle to the sclera and divert the tendon from pro- jecting over the cornea. It remains to be determined whether this is indeed a true sesamoid (sensu; Vickaryous and Olson, 2006), as the scleral sesa- moid is actually invested within the synovial tendon sheath and not the tendon per se synonym: "scleral sesamoid" EXACT [PMID:16496288] synonym: "scleral sesamoid element" EXACT [] synonym: "sesamoideum esclerae" EXACT [PMID:16496288] is_a: UBERON:0001479 ! sesamoid bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0010290 ! scleral ossicle [Term] id: UBERON:0010312 name: immature eye def: "Developing anatomical structure that develops into the eyeball and associated structures." [ZFA:0001678] synonym: "future eye" EXACT [] xref: TAO:0002201 xref: ZFA:0001678 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003071 intersection_of: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure intersection_of: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003071 ! eye primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003071 {evidence="definitional"} ! eye primordium relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0003071 ! eye primordium property_value: external_definition "Multi-tissue structure that consists of the structures that develop into the retina and lens.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002201", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010313 name: neural crest-derived structure def: "An anatomical structure that develops from the neural crest." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Grouping term for query purposes subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0010314 name: structure with developmental contribution from neural crest def: "An anatomical structure that has some part that develops from the neural crest." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Grouping term for query purposes subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 intersection_of: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure intersection_of: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0010316 name: germ layer / neural crest is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002532 ! epiblast (generic) [Term] id: UBERON:0010317 name: obsolete germ layer / neural crest derived structure comment: Grouping term for query purposes is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0010321 name: skeletal element of eye region synonym: "eye skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "ocular skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "skeletal element of ocular region" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004088 intersection_of: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004088 ! ocular region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="PMID:16496288"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0004088 ! ocular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010323 name: cranial skeletal system def: "Skeletal subdivision of the head including skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus." [VSAO:0000049] comment: Note that the cranial skeleton includes the pharyngeal arch skeleton. It is thus more inclusive that the cranium itself, and extends beyond the head in tetrapods. The AAO class called 'skull' belongs here, as it includes the whole splanchnocranium. Editor notes: we use 'cranial skeletal system', so that we can include the skull, which has joints/sutures as parts (recall, we follow FMA in distinguishing between the skeleton and skeletal system - only the latter includes joints) synonym: "cranial skeleton" NARROW [] synonym: "cranium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0000737] synonym: "osteocranium" NARROW [] xref: AAO:0000109 xref: AAO:0000971 xref: AAO:0010185 xref: TAO:0000737 xref: VSAO:0000049 xref: XAO:0003075 xref: ZFA:0000737 is_a: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0011137 ! axial skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Bony structure that encases the central nervous system and the primary sense organs of sight, olfaction, hearing, and equilibrium.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000109", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system which is part of the skull, including the splanchnocranium, chondrocranium, and dermatocranium.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000737", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010324 name: obsolete craniofacial region xref: VSAO:0000083 is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0001456 [Term] id: UBERON:0010325 name: obsolete craniofacial skeleton def: "Cranial skeleton derived from neural crest cells." [VSAO:0000082] synonym: "Cranio-facial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:curator] xref: VSAO:0000082 is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0011156 [Term] id: UBERON:0010326 name: optic pedicel def: "permanent cartilage structure projecting from the site of origin of the recti muscles. Supports eyeball and aids rotation." [ISBN10:071676959X, PMID:16496288] synonym: "eye stalk" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0003932 ! cartilaginous element of chondrocranium is_a: UBERON:0010321 ! skeletal element of eye region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004088 ! ocular region [Term] id: UBERON:0010327 name: obsolete early digestive tract associated mesenchyme is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0010328 name: limb bud mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010329 ! limb/fin bud mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0004347 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0004347 ! limb bud [Term] id: UBERON:0010329 name: limb/fin bud mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004357 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010377 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0004357 ! limb/fin bud [Term] id: UBERON:0010330 name: eyelid mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0003314 ! eye mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001711 ! eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0010332 name: epithelium of handplate synonym: "handplate epithelium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000730] xref: EHDAA2:0000730 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006875 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003372 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral appendage bud ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0006875 ! handplate [Term] id: UBERON:0010333 name: extraembryonic membrane mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0005631 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005631 ! extraembryonic membrane relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005728 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! extraembryonic mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0005631 ! extraembryonic membrane [Term] id: UBERON:0010334 name: maxillary process mesenchyme from neural crest xref: EHDAA2:0004601 is_a: UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009526 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010253 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0009526 {source="EHDAA2"} ! maxillary process mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010335 name: maxillary process mesenchyme from head mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0004602 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009526 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010338 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from head mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0009526 ! maxillary process mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0009526 {source="EHDAA2"} ! maxillary process mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010336 name: mandibular process mesenchyme from neural crest xref: EHDAA2:0004603 is_a: UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006905 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010252 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006905 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mandibular process mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010337 name: mandibular process mesenchyme from head mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0004604 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006905 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010339 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from head mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006905 ! mandibular process mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006905 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mandibular process mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010338 name: 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from head mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0000043 is_a: UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010341 ! 1st arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010045 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010045 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010045 ! 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010339 name: 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from head mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0000036 is_a: UBERON:0009584 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010341 ! 1st arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 relationship: part_of UBERON:0009584 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009584 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0009584 ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0009584 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010341 name: 1st arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme synonym: "mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm of mesenchyme of 1st arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16130] xref: EMAPA:16130 is_a: UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010360 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010042 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010042 {source="EMAPA"} ! 1st arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010042 ! 1st arch mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010343 name: 2nd arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme synonym: "mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm of mesenchyme of 2nd arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16280] xref: EHDAA2:0000067 xref: EMAPA:16280 is_a: UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010360 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005689 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0005689 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 2nd arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010344 name: 3rd arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme synonym: "mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm of mesenchyme of 3rd arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16403] xref: EHDAA2:0000082 xref: EMAPA:16403 is_a: UBERON:0005690 ! 3rd arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010360 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005690 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005690 ! 3rd arch mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0005690 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 3rd arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005690 ! 3rd arch mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010345 name: 4th arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme synonym: "mesenchyme derived from head mesoderm of mesenchyme of 4th arch" EXACT [EMAPA:16771] xref: EHDAA2:0000097 xref: EMAPA:16771 is_a: UBERON:0005691 ! 4th arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010360 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 relationship: part_of UBERON:0005691 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005691 ! 4th arch mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0005691 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 4th arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005691 ! 4th arch mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010347 name: 6th arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0004078 is_a: UBERON:0010031 ! 6th arch mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010360 ! pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010031 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010031 ! 6th arch mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010031 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 6th arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010031 ! 6th arch mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010348 name: hyoid pre-muscle mass synonym: "hyoid muscle plate" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000795 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010343 {source="EHDAA2"} ! 2nd arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010349 name: otic capsule pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "otic capsule anlage" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000833 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 {source="EHDAA2"} ! internal ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0003110 ! otic region [Term] id: UBERON:0010351 name: otic capsule cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0001333 xref: EHDAA:4704 xref: EMAPA:17596 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005863 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001694 {source="EHDAA2-modified"} ! petrous part of temporal bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010349 {source="EHDAA2"} ! otic capsule pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 {source="EHDAA2"} ! internal ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0003110 ! otic region [Term] id: UBERON:0010354 name: Reichert's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "future Reichert's cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "hyoid cartilage pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:17351] xref: EMAPA:17351 is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010254 {source="EHDAA2", source="doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2005.00441.x"} ! 2nd arch mesenchyme from neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0010355 name: ossification center def: "The first step in ossification of the cartilage is that the cartilage cells, at the point where ossification is commencing and which is termed a ossification center, enlarge and arrange themselves in rows. The matrix in which they are imbedded increases in quantity, so that the cells become further separated from each other. A deposit of calcareous material now takes place in this matrix, between the rows of cells, so that they become separated from each other by longitudinal columns of calcified matrix, presenting a granular and opaque appearance. Here and there the matrix between two cells of the same row also becomes calcified, and transverse bars of calcified substance stretch across from one calcareous column to another. Thus there are longitudinal groups of the cartilage cells enclosed in oblong cavities, the walls of which are formed of calcified matrix which cuts off all nutrition from the cells; the cells, in consequence, atrophy, leaving spaces called the primary areolC&." [Wikipedia:Ossification_center] comment: Editors note: currently classified as a zone of a bone organ, but exists prior to bone ossifying synonym: "center of ossification" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ossification_center] synonym: "centrum ossificationis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "centrum ossificationis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ossification_center] synonym: "ossification centre" EXACT [FMA:75436] xref: FMA:75436 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Gray79.png is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="FMA"} ! zone of bone organ [Term] id: UBERON:0010356 name: primary ossification center def: "A primary ossification center is the first area of a bone to start ossifying. It usually appears during prenatal development in the central part of each developing bone. In long bones the primary centers occur in the diaphysis/shaft and in irregular bones the primary centers occur usually in the body of the bone. Most bones have only one primary center (e.g. all long bones) but some irregular bones such as the os coxa (hip) and vertebrae have multiple primary centers." [Wikipedia:Ossification_center#Primary] synonym: "centrum ossificationis primarium" EXACT LATIN [NominaAnatomica:NA] synonym: "primarium" BROAD [FMA:TA] synonym: "primary ossification centre" EXACT [FMA:75447] xref: FMA:75447 xref: ncithesaurus:Primary_Ossification_Center is_a: UBERON:0010355 {source="FMA"} ! ossification center [Term] id: UBERON:0010357 name: secondary ossification center def: "A secondary ossification center is the area of ossification that appears after the primary ossification center has already appeared - most of which appear during the postnatal and adolescent years. Most bones have more than one secondary ossification center. In long bones, the secondary centres appear in the epiphyses." [Wikipedia:Ossification_center#Secondary] synonym: "centrum ossificationis secundarium" EXACT LATIN [NominaAnatomica:NA] synonym: "secondary ossification centre" EXACT [FMA:75448] synonym: "secundarium" BROAD [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:75448 is_a: UBERON:0010355 {source="FMA"} ! ossification center [Term] id: UBERON:0010358 name: arch of centrum of vertebra comment: AO notes: Note that humans do not have hemal arches, so VA=NA for FMA synonym: "arch of vertebra" NARROW [FMA:11946] synonym: "arcus vertebrae (vertebralis)" NARROW [FMA:11946] synonym: "vertebra arch" NARROW [MA:0001453] synonym: "vertebral arch" NARROW [FMA:11946] xref: FMA:11946 xref: VHOG:0001670 is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element relationship: part_of UBERON:0002412 {source="FMA"} ! vertebra property_value: homology_notes " (...) certain common components [of vertebral structure] are found in nearly all vertebrate. A representative vertebra has a vertebral arch or neural arch, which extends dorsally around the spinal cord.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001670", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0030223693 Liem KF, Bemis WE, Walker WF, Grande L, Functional Anatomy of the Vertebrates: An Evolutionary Perspective (2001) p.270", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010359 name: pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest comment: Partially implements UBERONREF:0000002 NC meeting scheme is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010046 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010046 ! entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0010046 ! entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010360 name: pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme comment: Partially implements UBERONREF:0000002 NC meeting scheme is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010046 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010046 ! entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010046 ! entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010361 name: synostosis def: "Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones are connected by bone. Examples: epiphyseal junction, manubriosternal synostosis." [FMA:7499] synonym: "bony union" EXACT [FMA:7499] synonym: "junctura ossea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:7499 xref: SCTID:1216008 xref: ZFA:0005610 is_a: UBERON:0011134 {source="FMA"} ! nonsynovial joint [Term] id: UBERON:0010362 name: endoskeleton def: "Skeletal subdivision that undergoes indirect development and includes elements that develop as a replacement or substitution of other elements or tissues." [VSAO:0000037] synonym: "replacement skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:curator] xref: VSAO:0000037 xref: XAO:0004026 is_a: UBERON:0010912 {source="VSAO"} ! subdivision of skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010363 name: endochondral element def: "A skeletal element that has the potential to participate in endochondral ossification, and may participate in intramembranous ossification." [VSAO:0000139] synonym: "endochondral replacement element" EXACT [VSAO:0000139] xref: VSAO:0000139 xref: XAO:0004017 xref: ZFA:0005620 is_a: UBERON:0004765 {source="VSAO"} ! skeletal element [Term] id: UBERON:0010364 name: dermal skeleton def: "Skeletal subdivision that undergoes direct development and includes elements that either develop in association with the basement membrane of the ectoderm or are homologous with such elements; includes dermatocranium, components of the appendicular skeleton, teeth and tooth-like elements of the oropharynx, and integumentary elements." [VSAO:0000035] comment: This ontology covers metazoa, so we do not use exoskeleton as primary label, as in VSAO synonym: "dermal skeletal system" RELATED [VSAO:curator] synonym: "dermoskeleton" RELATED [VSAO:curator] synonym: "desmoskeleton" RELATED [VSAO:curator] synonym: "exoskeleton" BROAD [VSAO:curator] xref: VSAO:0000035 xref: XAO:0004025 is_a: UBERON:0010912 {source="VSAO"} ! subdivision of skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010365 name: odontoid tissue def: "Skeletal tissue that is part of the exoskeleton and derived from an odontogenic papilla." [VSAO:0000063] synonym: "dental tissue" RELATED [VSAO:curator] synonym: "odontogenic tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "tooth tissue" RELATED [] xref: ncithesaurus:Tooth_Tissue xref: VSAO:0000063 xref: XAO:0004046 xref: ZFA:0005623 is_a: UBERON:0004755 ! skeletal tissue is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001763 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010364 intersection_of: UBERON:0004755 ! skeletal tissue intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0001763 ! odontogenic papilla intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010364 ! dermal skeleton relationship: develops_from UBERON:0001763 ! odontogenic papilla relationship: part_of UBERON:0010364 ! dermal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010366 name: conjunctival vasculature synonym: "conjunctival veins" EXACT [FMA:70887] synonym: "conjunctival veins set" EXACT [FMA:70887] synonym: "set of conjunctival veins" EXACT [FMA:70887] synonym: "venae conjunctivales" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:70887 is_a: UBERON:0002203 ! vasculature of eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 intersection_of: UBERON:0002049 ! vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva [Term] id: UBERON:0010367 name: conjunctival vein synonym: "conjunctival blood vessel" BROAD [] xref: FMA:70887 xref: SCTID:149885003 is_a: UBERON:0001653 ! facial vein is_a: UBERON:0006763 ! epithelium of conjunctiva relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva relationship: part_of UBERON:0001811 ! conjunctiva relationship: part_of UBERON:0010366 ! conjunctival vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0010368 name: pulmonary lobule xref: FMA:75739 xref: ncithesaurus:Pulmonary_Lobule is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0009911 {source="FMA"} ! lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0010369 name: secondary pulmonary lobule xref: FMA:7414 is_a: UBERON:0010368 {source="FMA"} ! pulmonary lobule relationship: part_of UBERON:0008946 {source="FMA"} ! lung parenchyma [Term] id: UBERON:0010370 name: tibial vein def: "One of the veins of the lower leg; empty into the popliteal vein" [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/tibial+vein] synonym: "vena tibialis" EXACT [] xref: MA:0002243 xref: ncithesaurus:Tibial_Vein is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="MA"} ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003503 ! leg blood vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0010371 name: ecto-epithelium def: "Epithelium that derives from the ectoderm. Examples: epithelium of acinus of lactiferous duct, subscapular lens epithelium, epithelium of posterior surface of cornea." [FMA:69064] synonym: "ectoderm-derived epithelium" EXACT [] xref: FMA:69064 is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0010372 name: uncinate process of ethmoid def: "In the ethmoid bone, a curved lamina, the uncinate process, projects downward and backward from this part of the labyrinth; it forms a small part of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus, and articulates with the ethmoidal process of the inferior nasal concha." [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_ethmoid_bone] synonym: "processus uncinatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_ethmoid_bone] synonym: "processus uncinatus ossis ethmoidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_ethmoid_bone] synonym: "uncinate process" BROAD INCONSISTENT [SCTID:306373001] synonym: "uncinate process of the ethmoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_ethmoid_bone] synonym: "uncinate process of the ethmoid bone" EXACT [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_ethmoid_bone] xref: FMA:57455 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Processus_uncinatus_ossis_ethmoidalis.PNG xref: SCTID:306373001 is_a: UBERON:0004529 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical projection disjoint_from: UBERON:0010373 ! uncinate process of pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0010373 name: uncinate process of pancreas def: "In the head of the pancreas, the angle of junction of the lower and left lateral borders forms a prolongation, termed the uncinate process. During the embryonic development of the distal foregut, the duodenum c-shape is formed while rotating the ventral pancreatic bud into the dorsal bud. The dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds fuse. The dorsal pancreatic bud becomes the body, tail, and isthmus of the pancreas and the ventral pancreatic bud forms the pancreatic head and uncinate process[WP]" [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_pancreas] synonym: "lesser pancreas" EXACT [FMA:15857] synonym: "processus uncinatus (pancreas)" EXACT [FMA:15857] synonym: "processus uncinatus pancreatis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Uncinate_process_of_pancreas] synonym: "Winslow's pancreas" EXACT [FMA:15857] xref: EMAPA:18823 xref: FMA:15857 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Illu_pancreas_duodenum.jpg xref: ncithesaurus:Uncinate_Pancreas xref: SCTID:245383008 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004529 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical projection relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003924 {source="Wikipedia"} ! ventral pancreatic bud relationship: part_of UBERON:0001069 {source="FMA"} ! head of pancreas [Term] id: UBERON:0010375 name: pancreas dorsal primordium xref: EHDAA2:0001384 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="EHDAA2"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0001048 {source="EHDAA2"} ! primordium is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002365 {source="EHDAA2"} ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003921 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pancreas primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0010376 name: pancreas ventral primordium xref: EHDAA2:0001387 is_a: UBERON:0001048 {source="EHDAA2"} ! primordium is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002365 {source="EHDAA2"} ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003921 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pancreas primordium [Term] id: UBERON:0010377 name: mesenchyme from somatopleure xref: EHDAA2:0001120 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004874 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0004874 ! somatopleure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004874 ! somatopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0010378 name: mesenchyme from splanchnopleure xref: EHDAA2:0001122 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005291 ! embryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004873 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0004873 ! splanchnopleure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004873 ! splanchnopleure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003081 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lateral plate mesoderm [Term] id: UBERON:0010379 name: superior tarsal muscle def: "The superior tarsal muscle is a smooth muscle adjoining the levator palpebrae superioris muscle that helps to raise the upper eyelid." [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle] comment: Editors note: declaring this to be both smooth muscle and part of the LPS leads to a disjointness violation (smooth muscle and striated muscle) synonym: "mueller muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle] synonym: "Mueller's muscle" EXACT [FMA:49058] synonym: "Muller's muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle] synonym: "musculus tarsalis superior" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle] synonym: "Müller's muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle] synonym: "the superior tarsal muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tarsal_muscle] xref: FMA:49058 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Gray894.png xref: SCTID:244775007 is_a: UBERON:0003386 ! smooth muscle of eye relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001604 {source="FMA"} ! levator palpebrae superioris relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000013 {source="dbpedia"} ! sympathetic nervous system relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001604 {source="dbpedia", notes="underside of levator palpebrae superioris"} ! levator palpebrae superioris relationship: part_of UBERON:0001712 ! upper eyelid [Term] id: UBERON:0010380 name: enteric nerve xref: MA:0001145 is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002005 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0002005 ! enteric nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0010384 name: lumen of laryngopharynx synonym: "laryngopharynx lumen" EXACT [FMA:55096] xref: FMA:55096 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0001731 ! cavity of pharynx relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001051 ! hypopharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0010386 name: peyer's patch follicle xref: MA:0000732 is_a: UBERON:0000444 ! lymphoid follicle is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 intersection_of: UBERON:0000444 ! lymphoid follicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch [Term] id: UBERON:0010387 name: Peyer's patch T cell area def: "the Peyer's patch area normally occupied by T lymphocytes" [MP:0002392] is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010393 ! T cell domain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 intersection_of: UBERON:0010393 ! T cell domain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch relationship: part_of UBERON:0001211 ! Peyer's patch [Term] id: UBERON:0010388 name: proximal segment of rib def: "The segment of the rib that connects to a vertebra[MP]. a small part of the rib composed of the head, neck, tuberculum and a short proximal part of the body[PMID]" [MP:0000152, PMID:15906248] comment: The proximal rib derives from the caudal half of somite[PMID:15906248] synonym: "costal part of rib" RELATED [] synonym: "proximal part of rib" EXACT [PMID:15906248] synonym: "proximal rib" EXACT [MA:0001400] synonym: "vertebral part of rib" RELATED [] xref: MA:0001400 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0005175 ! chest organ relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 {source="MA"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0010389 name: pterygoid bone def: "a bone which corresponds to the inner plate of the pterygoid process of the human skull, but which, in all vertebrates below mammals, is not connected with the posterior nares, but serves to connect the palatine bones with the point of suspension of the lower jaw" [http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definitions/Pterygoid+bone] comment: AO notes: FMA dividers pterygoid process into medial and lateral plates synonym: "inner plate of pterygoid process" RELATED [MA:0001471] synonym: "lamina lateralis (processus pterygoideus)" EXACT [FMA:54687, MP:0004452] synonym: "lamina lateralis processi pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, MP:0004452] synonym: "lateral lamina of pterygoid process" EXACT [FMA:54687, MP:0004452] synonym: "lateral plate of pterygoid process" EXACT [FMA:54687, MP:0004452] synonym: "lateral plate of sphenoid" EXACT [FMA:54687, MP:0004452] synonym: "pterygoid" RELATED [AAO:0000521] xref: AAO:0000521 xref: FMA:54687 xref: MA:0001471 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011164 {source="MA"} ! neurocranium bone is_a: UBERON:0012071 ! palate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003108 {source="AAO"} ! suspensorium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004649 {source="MA"} ! sphenoid bone pterygoid process relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 {source="Paleos"} ! palatal part of dermatocranium property_value: external_definition "In tetrapods, the pterygoid is a complex, but relatively stable, paired palatal bone with a number of parts. In many tetrapods, it is the largest palatal bone and serves as the main structural support. Most typically, the pterygoids meet extensively on the mid-line of the palate and jointly send a process, the palatal ramus, anteriorly, which may cover the parasphenoid more or less completely. Sometimes this term is used to include the main body of the pterygoid as well. More variably, there are one or two anterolateral processes which go by various names, such as ectopterygoid ramus. In many amniotes, the pterygoid develops a strong transverse process or transverse flange which forms a bar running laterally across the palate. The pterygoid also articulates with (where present) the dorsoventral supports for the palate: the epipterygoid (dorsal) and the basipterygoid process of the braincase. Finally, the pterygoid sends a long, robust quadrate ramus with complex curvature down (posteroventrally) to grasp the quadrate and support the jaw articulation. The pterygoid bone of tetrapods is, roughly speaking, derived from the middle entopterygoid portion of the palatoquadrate complex of fishes. The entopterygoid is not actually a part of the palatoquadrate. It is a dermal bone which has replaced the middle section of the primitively continuous endochondral bone of the palatoquadrate, the original upper jaw. In tetrapods, the pterygoid advances further, and also replaces the central part of the posterior, pterygoquadrate unit. This becomes the quadrate ramus. The upper part of this unit, the portion involved in the dorsal and basipterygoid articulations between jaw and braincase, is referred to as the metapterygoid. In tetrapods, most of this region is incorporated into the pterygoid as well, with the exception of the ascending process of the palatoquadrate, which becomes the epipterygoid." xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", source="http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryPte.html"} property_value: external_definition "Palatal bones of intramembranous origin that lie anterior to the otic capsules, lateral to the orbits, and medial to the maxillae.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="AAO:0000521", ontology="AAO", source="AAO"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010390 name: lumen of urethra synonym: "urethral lumen" EXACT [FMA:19709] xref: FMA:19709 xref: SCTID:279432008 is_a: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 intersection_of: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra relationship: part_of UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0010391 name: parametrium def: "In women, the supravaginal portion of the cervix is separated in front from the bladder by fibrous tissue, the parametrium, which extends also on to its sides and laterally between the layers of the broad ligaments. The uterine artery and ovarian ligament are located in the parametrium. Inflammation causes Parametritis." [Wikipedia:Parametrium] comment: subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament[MP] - todo - check relationships xref: FMA:77061 xref: ncithesaurus:Parametrium xref: SCTID:280455005 is_a: UBERON:0002095 {source="FMA"} ! mesentery [Term] id: UBERON:0010392 name: B cell domain comment: todo - check is_a: UBERON:0010394 ! lymphocyte domain [Term] id: UBERON:0010393 name: T cell domain comment: todo - check is_a: UBERON:0010394 ! lymphocyte domain [Term] id: UBERON:0010394 name: lymphocyte domain comment: todo - check is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster [Term] id: UBERON:0010395 name: lymph node primary follicle def: "An unstimulated network of follicular dendritic cells and small resting B cells in the lymph node cortex." [https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/6, MP:0002345] synonym: "primary follicle of lymph node" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000743 is_a: UBERON:0010422 ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue is_a: UBERON:0010748 ! lymph node follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0010422 ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0010396 name: afferent lymphatic vessel def: "Lymphatic vessel that enters the lymph node. The afferent lymph vessels enter at all parts of the periphery of the lymph node, and after branching and forming a dense plexus in the substance of the capsule, open into the lymph sinuses of the cortical part. In doing this they lose all their coats except their endothelial lining, which is continuous with a layer of similar cells lining the lymph paths" [MP:MP] synonym: "vasa afferentia lymphoglandula" EXACT [Wikipedia:Afferent_lymphatic_vessels] synonym: "vasa afferentia lymphoglandulae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Afferent_lymphatic_vessels] xref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Illu_lymph_node_structure.png xref: MA:0000748 is_a: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0010397 name: efferent lymphatic vessel def: "Lymphatic vessel that exits the lymph node. The efferent lymphatic vessel commences from the lymph sinuses of the medullary portion of the lymph nodes and leave the lymph nodes either to veins or greater nodes. Efferent lymphatic vessels are also found in the thymus and spleen. This is in contrast to afferent lymphatic vessels, which are found only in lymph nodes." [MP:MP] synonym: "efferent lymphatic vessel" RELATED [Wikipedia:Efferent_lymph_vessel] synonym: "efferent lymphatic vessels" RELATED [Wikipedia:Efferent_lymph_vessel] xref: MA:0000749 is_a: UBERON:0001473 ! lymphatic vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0010398 name: spleen marginal sinus def: "the border region surrounding the spleen B cell follicles and the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) that separates it from the marginal zone that mediates lymphocyte entry into the white pulp from the blood" [MP:MP] comment: Note that there is no consensus in the literature about which compartments constitute the white pulp or the ramifications of the microvasculature. In addition, notable differences exist between humans and rodents. In this ontology, the marginal sinus (which may not exist in human) has been included as part of the white pulp. The perifollicular zone, which is present in human and not rodents, may be the functional equivalent of the marginal sinus in rodents.[MP:0002363] synonym: "splenic marginal sinus" EXACT [MP:0002363] xref: MA:0000754 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Marginal_Sinus is_a: UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0010399 name: spleen trabecular artery def: "one of the branches of the splenic artery" [MP:0002354] xref: MA:0000759 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Trabecular_Artery is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery is_a: UBERON:0003497 ! abdomen blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001265 intersection_of: UBERON:0001637 ! artery intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001265 ! trabecula of spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001265 ! trabecula of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0010400 name: spleen trabecular vein def: "one of the veins that feed the splenic vein" [MP:0002228] xref: MA:0000760 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Trabecular_Vein is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001638 ! vein is_a: UBERON:0003497 ! abdomen blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001265 intersection_of: UBERON:0001638 ! vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001265 ! trabecula of spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0001265 ! trabecula of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0010401 name: spleen central arteriole def: "A blood vessel surrounded by the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath that connects the trabecular artery to the trabecular vein" [MP:MP] synonym: "follicular arteriole" EXACT [MP:0002361] synonym: "splenic central arteriole" EXACT [MP:0002361] xref: MA:0000763 xref: SCTID:282511007 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003497 ! abdomen blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001959 ! white pulp of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:0010402 name: epidermis suprabasal layer synonym: "suprabasal layer" BROAD [MP:0001233] xref: MA:0000808 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis [Term] id: UBERON:0010403 name: cortical marginal zone def: "developing superficial cortical layer located just under the pia matter." [MP:MP] comment: TODO; add other marginal zones; determine correct developmental relationships synonym: "brain marginal zone" BROAD [MA:0000812] synonym: "cortical marginal zone" EXACT [MP:0000792] synonym: "MZ" EXACT [MP:0000792] xref: MA:0000812 is_a: UBERON:0002301 ! layer of neocortex is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002361 ! pia mater [Term] id: UBERON:0010404 name: lateral ventricle subependymal layer xref: BTO:0003090 xref: MA:0000965 is_a: UBERON:0004922 ! postnatal subventricular zone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 intersection_of: UBERON:0004922 ! postnatal subventricular zone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002285 ! lateral ventricle [Term] id: UBERON:0010405 name: spinal cord lateral motor column def: "Column of motor neurons which innervate muscles in the limb; motor neurons in the lateral motor column are further organized into pools, each of which innervates a specific muscle in the limb" [MP:MP] xref: MA:0001129 is_a: UBERON:0001948 ! regional part of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0010406 name: cholinergic enteric nerve def: "nerve fibers that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter to the intestinal system" [MP:0001049] xref: MA:0001146 is_a: UBERON:0010380 ! enteric nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0010408 name: ocular angle artery def: "The angular artery is the terminal part of the facial artery; it ascends to the medial angle of the eye's orbit, imbedded in the fibers of the angular head of the Quadratus labii superioris, and accompanied by the angular vein." [MP:MP] synonym: "angular artery" EXACT [FMA:49583] xref: FMA:49583 xref: MA:0002010 xref: ncithesaurus:Angular_Artery xref: SCTID:145238006 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003496 ! head blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001612 ! facial artery [Term] id: UBERON:0010409 name: eye surface xref: MA:0002486 is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0010410 name: inguinal fat pad def: "encapsulated adipose tissue found in the groin" [UBERON:0010388] xref: MA:0002548 is_a: UBERON:0003838 ! abdominal segment connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad relationship: part_of UBERON:0008337 intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008337 ! inguinal part of abdomen relationship: part_of UBERON:0008337 ! inguinal part of abdomen [Term] id: UBERON:0010411 name: retroperitoneal fat pad def: "encapsulated adipose tissue found on the dorsal side of the peritoneum" [MP:MP] xref: MA:0002549 is_a: UBERON:0003427 ! abdominal fat pad is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0003693 ! retroperitoneal space [Term] id: UBERON:0010412 name: epididymal fat pad def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the epididymis" [MP:MP] synonym: "periepididymal fat pad" EXACT [MP:0009288] xref: MA:0002550 is_a: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001301 ! epididymis [Term] id: UBERON:0010413 name: parametrial fat pad def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the extension of the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament" [MP:MP] synonym: "parametrial fat depot" EXACT [MP:0009301] xref: MA:0002953 is_a: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0010391 intersection_of: UBERON:0003916 ! fat pad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010391 ! parametrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0010391 ! parametrium [Term] id: UBERON:0010414 name: omental fat pad def: "encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the fold of peritoneal tissue that extends from the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall after associating with the transverse colon" [MP:MP] synonym: "omental fat depot" EXACT [MP:0010044] xref: MA:0002956 is_a: UBERON:0010411 ! retroperitoneal fat pad relationship: part_of UBERON:0003688 intersection_of: UBERON:0003427 ! abdominal fat pad intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003688 ! omentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0003688 ! omentum [Term] id: UBERON:0010415 name: barrel cortex def: "dark-staining regions of layer four of the somatosensory cortex where somatosensory inputs from the contralateral side of the body come in from the thalamus. Barrels are found in some species of rodents and species of at least two other orders." [MP:MP] comment: The term barrel field of the primary somatosensory area refers to one of 6 subdivisions of the primary somesthetic area of the cerebral cortex in the mouse ( Dong-2004 ) and the rat ( Swanson-2004 ). The other five are the lower limb of the primary somatosensory area, the mouth of the primary somatosensory area, the nose of the primary somatosensory area, the trunk of the primary somatosensory area and the upper limb of the primary somatosensory area. -- http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2703 synonym: "primary somatosensory area, barrel field" RELATED [ABA:SSp-bfd] xref: ABA:SSp-bfd xref: MA:0002712 is_a: UBERON:0002619 ! regional part of cerebral cortex relationship: part_of UBERON:0008933 ! primary somatosensory cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0010416 name: lymph node B cell domain def: "A part of the lymph node cortex in which B lymphocytes home to primary follicles to survey follicular dendritic cells (FDCs); antigen stimulated B cells proliferate and differentiate within the follicles forming distinctive germinal centers" [MP:MP] synonym: "lymph node B cell dependent cortex" EXACT [MP:0002344] synonym: "lymph node B-cell domain" EXACT [MP:0002344] synonym: "nodular lymph node cortex" EXACT [MP:0002344] xref: MA:0002851 is_a: UBERON:0010392 ! B cell domain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0010392 ! B cell domain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0002006 {source="MP"} ! cortex of lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0010417 name: lymph node T cell domain def: "The paracortex and interfollicular cortex of the lymph node in which T lymphocytes home to survey dendritic cells" [MP:0002347] synonym: "lymph node deep cortex" EXACT [MP:0002347] synonym: "lymph node T cell dependent paracortex" EXACT [MP:0002347] synonym: "lymph node T zone" EXACT [] synonym: "lymph node T-cell domain" EXACT [MP:0002347] synonym: "T cell zone of lymph node" EXACT [] synonym: "T zone of lymph node" EXACT [] xref: MA:0002852 xref: SCTID:326870003 is_a: UBERON:0010393 ! T cell domain relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0010393 ! T cell domain intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0002006 {source="MP"} ! cortex of lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0010418 name: urethral opening xref: MA:0002867 is_a: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001556 intersection_of: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001556 ! lower urinary tract [Term] id: UBERON:0010419 name: vibrissa follicle synonym: "follicle of sinus hair" EXACT [EMAPA:26759] synonym: "follicle of vibrissa" EXACT [EMAPA:26720] synonym: "vibrissa follicle" RELATED [MP:0010234] xref: EMAPA:26720 xref: EMAPA:26759 xref: MA:0002910 is_a: UBERON:0002073 ! hair follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 intersection_of: UBERON:0002073 ! hair follicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit [Term] id: UBERON:0010420 name: lymph node follicular corona def: "A part of the secondary follicle in which naive B cells reside along with some helper T cells, macrophages and follicular dendritic cells; these are displaced by the expanding germinal centre and form a 'mantle' around it" [https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/7, MP:MP] synonym: "lymph node B cell corona" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "lymph node dark zone" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "lymph node follicular mantle" EXACT [MA:0002990] synonym: "lymph node inactive zone" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "lymph node peripheral zone" EXACT [CL:tm] xref: MA:0002990 is_a: UBERON:0010755 ! secondary follicle corona relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0010755 ! secondary follicle corona intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0010753 {source="MA"} ! lymph node secondary follicle relationship: surrounds UBERON:0009039 ! lymph node germinal center [Term] id: UBERON:0010421 name: spleen B cell corona def: "the area of the (spleen) secondary B follicle that surrounds the germinal center and harbors the small recirculating B lymphocytes" [CL:tm, https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/6, PMID:17495967] synonym: "B cell domain of the spleen" BROAD [MP:0002360] synonym: "B lymphocyte domain of the spleen" BROAD [] synonym: "follicle mantle" EXACT [MP:0002360] synonym: "lymphocytic corona" BROAD [CL:tm, MP:0002360] synonym: "spleen B cell corona" EXACT [MP:0002360] synonym: "spleen B-cell corona" EXACT [MP:0002360] synonym: "spleen lymphocytic corona" EXACT [CL:tm, MP:0002360] synonym: "spleen mantle zone" RELATED [CL:tm, MP:0002360] synonym: "splenic B cell corona" EXACT [MP:0002360] synonym: "splenic corona" BROAD [CL:tm] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010755 ! secondary follicle corona relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0010755 ! secondary follicle corona intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0004042 {source="CL:tm"} ! spleen secondary B follicle relationship: surrounds UBERON:0005196 ! spleen germinal center [Term] id: UBERON:0010422 name: primary nodular lymphoid tissue def: "A lymphoid follicle containing naive B cells" [CL:tm] comment: Location notes: The cortex of lymph nodes, the white pulp of spleen, and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue all have these primary follicles synonym: "primary follicle" RELATED [] synonym: "primary lymphoid follicle" EXACT [] synonym: "primary lymphoid nodule" EXACT [FMA:55223] xref: FMA:55223 is_a: UBERON:0000444 {source="FMA"} ! lymphoid follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0010423 name: primary lymphoid nodule of tonsil synonym: "lymphoid nodule of tonsil" RELATED [FMA:86018] xref: FMA:86018 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010422 {source="FMA"} ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002372 intersection_of: UBERON:0010422 ! primary nodular lymphoid tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil relationship: part_of UBERON:0002372 ! tonsil [Term] id: UBERON:0010424 name: distal segment of rib comment: The distal rib derives from both somite halves[PMID:15906248] synonym: "distal part of rib" EXACT [PMID:15906248] synonym: "distal rib" EXACT [MA:0001397] synonym: "sternal rib" NARROW [] synonym: "vertical segment of rib" NARROW [] xref: MA:0001397 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone is_a: UBERON:0005175 ! chest organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002228 {source="MA"} ! rib [Term] id: UBERON:0010425 name: internal naris synonym: "choana" EXACT [] synonym: "internal nostril" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000003 {source="MA"} ! naris [Term] id: UBERON:0010426 name: oropharyngeal choana def: "opening/conduit between the nasal cavity and the oropharynx via the roof of the mouth." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Taxon notes: Aves. Function notes: has function in pressure equalization in birds that fly to high altitudes synonym: "apertura nasalis interna" RELATED [AAO:0000025] synonym: "cleft palate" RELATED [] synonym: "oropharyngeal naris" EXACT [] synonym: "palatal choana" EXACT [] synonym: "palatal cleft" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000025 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010425 ! internal naris relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001729 ! oropharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass nasal opening (AAO:0000316)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000025", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Hole on the nasal capsule that connects the nasal and buccal cavites.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000025", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010427 name: ciliary processes def: "The ciliary processes are formed by the inward folding of the various layers of the choroid, i.e. , the choroid proper and the lamina basalis, and are received between corresponding foldings of the suspensory ligament of the lens." [Wikipedia:Ciliary_processes] synonym: "ciliary process" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ciliary_processes] synonym: "ciliary processes" EXACT [FMA:76551] synonym: "ciliary processes set" EXACT [FMA:76551] synonym: "processus ciliares" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "processus ciliares" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Ciliary_processes] synonym: "set of ciliary processes" EXACT [FMA:76551] xref: FMA:76551 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Gray875.png xref: SCTID:280860001 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body [Term] id: UBERON:0010428 name: flat bone def: "Flat bones are those bones which are found where the principal requirement is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment, the bones are expanded into broad, flat plates, as in the cranium, the ilium, sternum, rib cage, the sacrum and the scapula. These bones are composed of two thin layers of compact tissue enclosing between them a variable quantity of cancellous tissue, which is the location of red bone marrow. In an adult, most red blood cells are formed in flat bones. In the cranial bones, the layers of compact tissue are familiarly known as the tables of the skull; the outer one is thick and tough; the inner is thin, dense, and brittle, and hence is termed the vitreous table. The intervening cancellous tissue is called the diploC+, and this, in certain regions of the skull, becomes absorbed so as to leave spaces filled with air (air-sinuses) between the two tables. The flat bones are: the occipital, parietal, frontal, nasal, lacrimal, vomer, scapula, os coxC&, sternum, and ribs." [Wikipedia:Flat_bone] synonym: "os planum" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flat_bone] xref: FMA:7476 xref: galen:FlatBone xref: ncithesaurus:Flat_Bone xref: SCTID:332907008 is_a: UBERON:0001474 {source="FMA"} ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010437 name: zygomaticus muscle def: "One of: zygomaticus major, zygomaticus minor" [] comment: origin: posterior braincase subset: grouping_class synonym: "zygomaticus" EXACT [MA:0002404] xref: MA:0002404 xref: ncithesaurus:Zygomaticus is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0010467 name: teres muscle synonym: "teres" EXACT [] xref: ncithesaurus:Teres_Muscle xref: SCTID:277440006 is_a: UBERON:0001482 ! muscle of shoulder [Term] id: UBERON:0010496 name: teres minor muscle def: "a narrow, elongated muscle of the rotator cuff" [Wikipedia:Teres_minor_muscle] synonym: "musculus teres minor" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Teres_minor_muscle] synonym: "teres minor" EXACT [FMA:32550] xref: FMA:32550 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Gray810.png xref: ncithesaurus:Teres_Minor_Muscle xref: SCTID:277445001 is_a: UBERON:0010467 ! teres muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 {notes="inferior facet of greater tubercle of the humerus", source="dbpedia"} ! humerus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001493 {source="dbpedia"} ! axillary nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007173 {source="dbpedia", notes="lateral border of the scapula"} ! lateral border of scapula relationship: part_of UBERON:0003683 {source="Wikipedia"} ! rotator cuff [Term] id: UBERON:0010498 name: pseudostratified columnar epithelium def: "Simple columnar epithelium in which not all the cells may reach the luminal surface of the epithelium and the nuclei are aligned in more than one row. Examples: olfactory epithelium, epithelium of bronchus." [FMA:45572] comment: AO notes: glandular in NCIT xref: FMA:45572 xref: ncithesaurus:Pseudostratified_Columnar_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000485 {source="FMA"} ! simple columnar epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0010499 name: pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium def: "Epithelium composed of a single layer of cells, appearing as layered because the column-shaped cells vary in height so the nuclei are at different levels. The basal portions of all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane. It lines the respiratory system and the male reproductive tract. The cilia in the respiratory tract are motile, while the stereocilia in the male reproductive tract are immobile." [NCIT:NCIT] synonym: "epithelium pseudostratificatum columnare ciliatum (trachea et bronchi)" EXACT [FMA:13146] xref: FMA:13146 xref: ncithesaurus:Pseudostratified_Columnar_Ciliated_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010498 {source="FMA"} ! pseudostratified columnar epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0010501 name: pseudostratified smooth columnar epithelium xref: FMA:72059 is_a: UBERON:0010498 {source="FMA"} ! pseudostratified columnar epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0010504 name: obsolete round ligament is_obsolete: true consider: UBERON:0006588 consider: UBERON:0006589 [Term] id: UBERON:0010505 name: periosteal dura mater def: "The outermost of the two layers of the cranial dura mater which normally always adheres to the periosteum of the bones of the cranial vault" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "outer layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231547] synonym: "outer periosteal layer of dura mater" EXACT [] synonym: "periosteal dura" EXACT [FMA:231547] synonym: "periosteal layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231547] xref: FMA:231547 xref: ncithesaurus:Periosteal_Layer_of_the_Dura_Mater is_a: UBERON:0010507 {source="FMA"} ! layer of dura mater relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002515 ! periosteum relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003129 ! skull relationship: part_of UBERON:0002092 ! brain dura mater property_value: spatially_disjoint_from UBERON:0010506 [Term] id: UBERON:0010506 name: meningeal dura mater comment: Editors note: not clear whether this should be classified as part of cranial dura mater, as the division only makes sense in this area synonym: "inner layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231549] synonym: "meningeal dura" EXACT [FMA:231549] synonym: "meningeal layer of dura mater" EXACT [FMA:231549] xref: FMA:231549 xref: ncithesaurus:Meningeal_Layer_of_the_Dura_Mater is_a: UBERON:0010507 {source="FMA"} ! layer of dura mater [Term] id: UBERON:0010507 name: layer of dura mater def: "The intracranial dura mater, consisting of two layers: the outer periosteal layer which normally always adheres to the periosteum of the bones of the cranial vault; and the inner meningeal layer which in most places is fused with the outer. The two layers separate to accommodate meningeal vessels and large venous (dural) sinuses. The meningeal layer is also involved in the formation of the various dural folds, such as the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli and is comparable to and continuous with the dural mater of the spinal cord. The cranial epidural space is then a potential space between the bone and the combined periosteum/periosteal layer of the dura mater realised only pathologically and is neither continuous with or comparable to the vertebral epidural space" [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?periosteal+layer+of+dura+mater] comment: Editors note: not clear whether this should be classified as part of cranial dura mater, as the division only makes sense in this area xref: FMA:231545 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 {source="FMA"} ! organ component layer is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002363 {source="FMA"} ! dura mater [Term] id: UBERON:0010509 name: strand of pelage hair synonym: "pelage hair" EXACT [MA:0001897] xref: MA:0001897 is_a: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair relationship: part_of UBERON:0010166 intersection_of: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010166 ! coat of hair relationship: part_of UBERON:0010166 ! coat of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0010510 name: strand of auchene hair def: "A truncal hair that has a single constriction and bend about midway along the hair shaft, and contains two or more air cells in the medulla" [MP:0000405] synonym: "auchene hair" EXACT [MA:0001893] xref: MA:0001893 is_a: UBERON:0010509 {source="MA"} ! strand of pelage hair [Term] id: UBERON:0010511 name: strand of awl hair def: "A truncal hairs that is straight, but shorter than a guard hair, and contain two or more air cells in the medulla" [MP:0000400, Wikipedia:Awn_hair] synonym: "awl hair" EXACT [MA:0001894] xref: MA:0001894 is_a: UBERON:0010509 {source="MA"} ! strand of pelage hair [Term] id: UBERON:0010512 name: strand of guard hair def: "A long, straight truncal hair that contains two air cells in the medulla[MP]. A strand of hair from the top layer consisting of longer, often coarser, straight shafts of hair that stick out through the underfur. This is usually the visible layer for most mammals and contains most of the pigmentation. It protects the underfur from outside factors, such as rain, and is thus often water-repellent." [MP:0006365, Wikipedia:Guard_hair] synonym: "guard hair" EXACT [MA:0001896] xref: MA:0001896 is_a: UBERON:0010509 {source="MA"} ! strand of pelage hair [Term] id: UBERON:0010513 name: strand of zigzag hair def: "A truncal hair that has two or more sharp bends with diameter constrictions at the bends, and contain one air cell in the medulla." [MP:0006366] synonym: "zigzag hair" EXACT [MA:0001898] xref: MA:0001898 is_a: UBERON:0010509 {source="MA"} ! strand of pelage hair relationship: part_of UBERON:0002100 ! trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0010514 name: strand of duvet hair def: "A strand of hair from the fine underhair of the coat" [MP:0000408] comment: AO notes - not a pelage hair in MA, but is in MP synonym: "duvet hair" EXACT [MA:0001895] xref: MA:0001895 is_a: UBERON:0001037 {source="MA"} ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0010515 name: brille def: "layer of transparent, immovable disc-shaped skin or scale covering the eyes of some animals for protection, especially in animals without eyelids. The brille has evolved from a fusion of the upper and lower eyelids." [Wikipedia:Brille] comment: Taxon notes: In snakes, there is no eyelid and the brille is clear and cannot be distinguished except when the animal is becoming ready for ecdysis. At that time, it becomes cloudy and is visible as a cover over the eye. When the snake moults, the brille is also shed as part of its skin. The Brilles protect their eyes from dust and dirt and gives them a "glassy-eyed" blank appearance Snakes, flap-footed lizards, night lizards, and some skinks have brilles. All geckos except those in the subfamily Eublepharinae (eyelid geckos) possess brilles. Fish also have transparent eyelids called adipose eyelids. synonym: "eye cap" RELATED [] synonym: "ocular scale" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:1000021 ! skin of face relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye [Term] id: UBERON:0010516 name: clasper def: "a male anatomical structure found some groups of animals, used in mating. Male cartilaginous fish have claspers formed from the posterior portion of their pelvic fin which serve as intromittent organs used to channel semen into the female's cloaca during mating. The act of mating in some fish including sharks usually includes one of the claspers raised to allow water into the siphon through a specific orifice. The clasper is then inserted into the vagina, where it opens like an umbrella to anchor its position. The siphon then begins to contract expelling water and sperm. Male chimaeras have cephalic claspers on their heads, which are thought to aid in holding the female during mating" [Wikipedia:clasper] comment: Taxon notes: the term is also used for insect claspers, but we reserve it for the elasmobranchii structure is_a: UBERON:0008811 {source="Wikipedia"} ! intromittent organ [Term] id: UBERON:0010517 name: cephalic clasper def: "A mace-like spiny-headed rod found on the mid-dorsal surface of heads of male Holocephali. Thought to aid in holding the female during copulation." [http://fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=tenaculum, http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=cephalic+clasper, Wikipedia:Chimaera#Description_and_tastes] synonym: "anterior tenaculum" RELATED [] synonym: "head clasper" RELATED [http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=head+clasper] synonym: "tenaculum" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0010516 ! clasper relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0010516 ! clasper intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0010518 name: pelvic fin clasper def: "The rod-like extension of the medial portion of the pelvic fin in male Elasmobranchii and Holocephali. Claspers are used as intromittent organs (not in clasping), the grooves on their facing surfaces together forming a tube for the transmission of sperm when the claspers are held together. The anterior proximal opening is called the apopyle, the posterior distal opening the rhipidion" [http://fishbase.org/Glossary/Glossary.php?q=clasper] synonym: "clapser" RELATED [] synonym: "myxopterygium" EXACT [http://fishbase.org/Glossary/Glossary.php?q=clasper] is_a: UBERON:0010516 ! clasper relationship: part_of UBERON:0000152 intersection_of: UBERON:0010516 ! clasper intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin [Term] id: UBERON:0010519 name: tail electric organ xref: BTO:0000376 is_a: UBERON:0006869 ! electric organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002415 intersection_of: UBERON:0006869 ! electric organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail [Term] id: UBERON:0010520 name: head electric organ comment: Taxon notes: electric ray is_a: UBERON:0006869 ! electric organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0006869 ! electric organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0010521 name: electroreceptor organ is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ [Term] id: UBERON:0010522 name: replacement element def: "Skeletal element that forms as a replacement or substitution of another element or tissue." [VSAO:0000135] xref: VSAO:0000135 xref: XAO:0004016 xref: ZFA:0005624 is_a: UBERON:0004765 {source="VSAO"} ! skeletal element [Term] id: UBERON:0010523 name: microcirculatory vessel def: "A portion of tissue that consists of a tube composed of epithelial cells that connects larger vessels." [ZFA:0005251] synonym: "vasculature" RELATED [ZFA:0005251] xref: TAO:0005251 xref: ZFA:0005251 is_a: UBERON:0000055 ! vessel relationship: part_of UBERON:0002049 {source="ZFA"} ! vasculature [Term] id: UBERON:0010524 name: fibularis tertius def: "The peroneus tertius (also known as fibularis tertius) is a muscle of the human body located in the lower limb. The muscle arises from the lower third of the anterior surface of the fibula; from the lower part of the interosseous membrane; and from an intermuscular septum between it and the peroneus brevis. The tendon, after passing under the superior extensor retinaculum of foot and inferior extensor retinaculum of foot in the same canal as the extensor digitorum longus, is inserted into the dorsal surface of the base of the metatarsal bone of the 5th digit. It is innervated by the deep fibular nerve. Its action is that of weak dorsiflexion of the ankle joint and to evert the foot at the ankle joint." [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius_muscle] synonym: "fibularis tertius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius] synonym: "fibularis tertius muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius] synonym: "musculus peroneus tertius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "peronaeus tertius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius] synonym: "peroneus tertius" EXACT [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius] synonym: "peroneus tertius" EXACT [FMA:22538] synonym: "peroneus tertius muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Peroneus_tertius] xref: FMA:22538 xref: SCTID:181701000 is_a: UBERON:0009132 ! peroneus [Term] id: UBERON:0010526 name: fibularis brevis def: "The peroneus brevis muscle (or fibularis brevis) lies under cover of the peroneus longus, and is a shorter and smaller muscle." [Wikipedia:Peroneus_brevis] synonym: "fibularis brevis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_brevis] synonym: "musculus peroneus brevis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "peronaeus brevis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Peroneus_brevis] synonym: "peroneus brevis" EXACT [FMA:22540] synonym: "peroneus brevis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Peroneus_brevis] synonym: "peronius brevis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Peroneus_brevis] xref: FMA:22540 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Gray357.png xref: SCTID:181704008 is_a: UBERON:0009132 ! peroneus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001446 {source="dbpedia"} ! fibula [Term] id: UBERON:0010527 name: cavity of bone organ synonym: "bone organ cavity" EXACT [FMA:24021] xref: FMA:24021 is_a: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001474 intersection_of: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001474 ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010528 name: pneumatic cavity of bone synonym: "air space of bone" EXACT [FMA:24028] xref: FMA:24028 is_a: UBERON:0010527 {source="FMA"} ! cavity of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0008193 ! pneumatized bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010531 name: metanephros induced blastemal cells def: "." [http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/turinary/urinhaute03.html] synonym: "induced blastemal cells" EXACT [VHOG:0001241] synonym: "peripheral blastema" RELATED [EMAPA:17953] xref: EHDAA2:0001143 xref: EHDAA:7007 xref: EHDAA:8105 xref: EMAPA:17645 xref: EMAPA:17953 xref: VHOG:0001241 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003220 {source="EHDAA2"} ! metanephric mesenchyme relationship: induced_by UBERON:0000084 ! ureteric bud [Term] id: UBERON:0010532 name: primitive nephron synonym: "developing nephron" BROAD [] synonym: "primitive nephron" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0001285 {source="ZFA-inferred"} ! nephron is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="EHDAA2-inferred"} ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0004819 ! kidney epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004209 {source="EHDAA2"} ! renal vesicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003918 ! kidney mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010533 name: metanephros cortex def: "The metanephric cortex is the outer region of the metanephros[GO]." [GO:0072214] xref: VHOG:0000714 is_a: UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0001225 ! cortex of kidney intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005113 ! metanephric cortex mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 {source="VHOG"} ! metanephros [Term] id: UBERON:0010534 name: primitive mesonephric nephron def: "Cluster of cells comprising a portion of tissue which gives rise to new mesonephric nephrons. The cluster contains self-renewing stem cells." [ZFA:0005587] synonym: "developing mesonephric nephron" EXACT [ZFA:0005584] synonym: "primitive mesonephric nephron" EXACT [] xref: ZFA:0005584 is_a: UBERON:0000083 ! mesonephric tubule is_a: UBERON:0005322 ! mesonephric nephron is_a: UBERON:0010532 ! primitive nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0010532 ! primitive nephron intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0010535 name: primitive metanephric nephron synonym: "developing metanephric nephron" EXACT [] synonym: "primitive metanephric nephron" EXACT [] synonym: "primitive nephron" BROAD [EHDAA2:0001516] xref: EHDAA2:0001516 is_a: UBERON:0005106 ! metanephric tubule is_a: UBERON:0005110 ! metanephric nephron is_a: UBERON:0010532 ! primitive nephron relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 intersection_of: UBERON:0010532 ! primitive nephron intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000081 ! metanephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0005113 {source="EHDAA2"} ! metanephric cortex mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010536 name: nephron progenitor is_a: UBERON:0000479 {source="ZFA"} ! tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0003918 {source="cjm"} ! kidney mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010537 name: mesonephric nephron progenitor def: "Cluster of cells comprising a portion of tissue which gives rise to new mesonephric nephrons. The cluster contains self-renewing stem cells." [ZFA:0005587] xref: ZFA:0005587 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0010536 ! nephron progenitor relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 intersection_of: UBERON:0010536 ! nephron progenitor intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros relationship: part_of UBERON:0000080 ! mesonephros [Term] id: UBERON:0010538 name: limb/fin segment is_a: UBERON:0010758 ! appendage segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 intersection_of: UBERON:0010758 ! appendage segment intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin disjoint_from: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin [Term] id: UBERON:0010540 name: tarsus pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0001978 is_a: UBERON:0003328 ! mesenchyme of footplate is_a: UBERON:0010695 ! mesenchyme of tarsal region is_a: UBERON:0010886 ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001447 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010695 ! mesenchyme of tarsal region relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003328 ! mesenchyme of footplate relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region [Term] id: UBERON:0010541 name: tarsus cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0001977 is_a: UBERON:0003328 ! mesenchyme of footplate is_a: UBERON:0010695 ! mesenchyme of tarsal region is_a: UBERON:0010885 ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001447 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010540 {source="EHDAA2"} ! tarsus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003328 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme of footplate relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region [Term] id: UBERON:0010543 name: skeleton of acropodium def: "Endochondral terminal bones at the distalmost end of the autopodium, consisting of the phalanges." [VSAO:0005028, VSAO:NI] comment: Editor notes: this is not defined in terms of a region, unlike the other autopod subdivisions synonym: "acropodial skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "acropodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005028, VSAO:NI] synonym: "acropodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "digit skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "digital skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "set of phalanges" EXACT [FMA:231315] synonym: "skeleton of digits" EXACT [] xref: FMA:231315 xref: VSAO:0005028 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010712 ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: has_part UBERON:0003221 ! phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! skeleton of autopod relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010546 ! metapodium skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010544 name: metacarpus skeleton def: "The metacarpus is the intermediate part of the manus skeleton that is located between the phalanges (bones of the fingers) distally and the carpus which forms the connection to the forearm. The metacarpus consists of metacarpal bones. The metacarpals form a transverse arch to which the rigid row of distal carpal bones are fixed. The peripheral metacarpals (those of the thumb and little finger) form the sides of the cup of the palmar gutter and as they are brought together they deepen this concavity. The index metacarpal is the most firmly fixed, while the thumb metacarpal articulates with the trapezium and acts independently from the others. The middle metacarpals are tightly united to the carpus by intrinsic interlocking bone elements at their bases. The ring metacarpal forms a transitional element of the semi-independent last metacarpal. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Metacarpus] synonym: "anterior metapodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005026, VSAO:NI] synonym: "anterior metapodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "fore metapodium" RELATED [AAO:0000946, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/metapodial, MA:th] synonym: "fore metapodium skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "metacarpal bones" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "metacarpal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "metacarpalia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Metacarpus] synonym: "metacarpals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "metacarpals set" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "set of metacarpal bones" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "set of metacarpals" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "set of metacarpals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71336] synonym: "skeleton of metacarpus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000946 xref: FMA:71336 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Metacarpals_numbered-en.svg xref: MESH:A.02.835.232.087.535 xref: VSAO:0005026 xref: XAO:0003208 is_a: UBERON:0010546 ! metapodium skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004453 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010699 {notes="many to one"} ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 {source="XAO"} ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region property_value: external_definition "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the metacarpus, which articulates with the carpals at one end and with the phalanges at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000946", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010545 name: metatarsus skeleton def: "Limb segment that consists of the long bones of the pes. The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the manus." [Wikipedia:Metatarsus] synonym: "metatarsal bones set" EXACT [FMA:71340] synonym: "metatarsal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71340] synonym: "posterior metapodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005027, VSAO:NI] synonym: "posterior metapodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "set of metatarsal bones" EXACT [FMA:71340] synonym: "set of metatarsals [I-V]" EXACT [FMA:71340] synonym: "skeleton of metatarsus" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000221 xref: FMA:71340 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Gray291.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Gray291.png/200px-Gray291.png xref: MESH:A.01.378.610.250.300.480 xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rva_rBJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: VSAO:0005027 xref: XAO:0003212 is_a: UBERON:0010546 ! metapodium skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000983 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010697 {notes="many to one"} ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 {source="XAO"} ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region property_value: external_definition "Segment of the leg corresponding to the metatarsus, which articulates with the carpals at one end and with the phalanges at the other end.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000221", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010546 name: metapodium skeleton def: "Subdivision of skeleton that corresponds to metapodium region, between acropodial skeleton and mesopdoial skeleton." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "metacarpal/metatarsal skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "metapodial skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005025] synonym: "metapodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005025, VSAO:NI] synonym: "skeleton of metapodium" EXACT [] xref: VSAO:0005025 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010712 ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0009877 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0010543 ! skeleton of acropodium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! skeleton of autopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0009878 ! mesopodium skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0009877 ! metapodium region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: distally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005025", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005025", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral bone complex located between the mesopodium and the acropodium and consisting of the metacarpals or metatarsals.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005025", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:NI"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010547 name: pedal digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002040 xref: EMAPA:17725 is_a: UBERON:0010580 ! pedal digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010687 ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 intersection_of: UBERON:0010687 ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010548 name: pedal digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002045 xref: EMAPA:17727 is_a: UBERON:0010581 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010687 ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 intersection_of: UBERON:0010687 ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010549 name: pedal digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002050 xref: EMAPA:17729 is_a: UBERON:0010582 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010687 ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 intersection_of: UBERON:0010687 ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010550 name: pedal digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002055 xref: EMAPA:17731 is_a: UBERON:0010583 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010687 ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 intersection_of: UBERON:0010687 ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010551 name: pedal digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002060 xref: EMAPA:17733 is_a: UBERON:0010584 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010687 ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 intersection_of: UBERON:0010687 ! pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010557 name: pedal digit 1 metatarsal cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18106 is_a: UBERON:0010680 ! pedal digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 intersection_of: UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010547 ! pedal digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010558 name: pedal digit 2 metatarsal cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18111 is_a: UBERON:0010681 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 intersection_of: UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010548 ! pedal digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010559 name: pedal digit 3 metatarsal cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18116 is_a: UBERON:0010682 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 intersection_of: UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010549 ! pedal digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010560 name: pedal digit 4 metatarsal cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18121 is_a: UBERON:0010683 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 intersection_of: UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010550 ! pedal digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010561 name: pedal digit 5 metatarsal cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18126 is_a: UBERON:0010684 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 intersection_of: UBERON:0010697 ! pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010551 ! pedal digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010562 name: pedal digit 1 mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0002039 xref: EMAPA:17462 is_a: UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0010564 name: manual digit 1 mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0000513 xref: EMAPA:17431 is_a: UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0010565 name: manual digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000515 xref: EMAPA:17714 is_a: UBERON:0010575 ! manual digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 intersection_of: UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010566 name: manual digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000521 xref: EMAPA:17716 is_a: UBERON:0010576 ! manual digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 intersection_of: UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010567 name: manual digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000527 xref: EMAPA:17718 is_a: UBERON:0010577 ! manual digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 intersection_of: UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010568 name: manual digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000533 xref: EMAPA:17720 is_a: UBERON:0010578 ! manual digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 intersection_of: UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010569 name: manual digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000539 xref: EMAPA:17722 is_a: UBERON:0010579 ! manual digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 intersection_of: UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010570 name: manual digit 1 metacarpus cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000514 xref: EMAPA:18065 is_a: UBERON:0010675 ! manual digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 intersection_of: UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010565 ! manual digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010571 name: manual digit 2 metacarpus cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000520 xref: EMAPA:18070 is_a: UBERON:0010676 ! manual digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 intersection_of: UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010566 ! manual digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010572 name: manual digit 3 metacarpus cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000526 xref: EMAPA:18075 is_a: UBERON:0010677 ! manual digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 intersection_of: UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010567 ! manual digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010573 name: manual digit 4 metacarpus cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000532 xref: EMAPA:18080 is_a: UBERON:0010678 ! manual digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 intersection_of: UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010568 ! manual digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010574 name: manual digit 5 metacarpus cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000538 xref: EMAPA:18085 is_a: UBERON:0010679 ! manual digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 intersection_of: UBERON:0010699 ! manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010569 ! manual digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010575 name: manual digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000516 xref: EMAPA:17715 is_a: UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010586 ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010576 name: manual digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000522 xref: EMAPA:17717 is_a: UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010586 ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010577 name: manual digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000528 xref: EMAPA:17719 is_a: UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010586 ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010578 name: manual digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000534 xref: EMAPA:17721 is_a: UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010586 ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010579 name: manual digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000540 xref: EMAPA:17723 is_a: UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010586 ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010580 name: pedal digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002041 xref: EMAPA:17726 is_a: UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010585 ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010581 name: pedal digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002046 xref: EMAPA:17728 is_a: UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010585 ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010582 name: pedal digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002051 xref: EMAPA:17730 is_a: UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010585 ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010583 name: pedal digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002056 xref: EMAPA:17732 is_a: UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010585 ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010584 name: pedal digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002061 xref: EMAPA:17734 is_a: UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010585 ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010585 name: pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "foot phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000952] synonym: "hindlimb phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "pes phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: VHOG:0000952 is_a: UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010700 ! phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005255 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010586 name: manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "forelimb phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "hand phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000954] synonym: "manus phalanx pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: VHOG:0000954 is_a: UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010700 ! phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005257 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010675 name: manual digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18066 is_a: UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010686 ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010575 ! manual digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010564 ! manual digit 1 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010676 name: manual digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18071 is_a: UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010686 ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010576 ! manual digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005692 ! manual digit 2 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010677 name: manual digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18076 is_a: UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010686 ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010577 ! manual digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005693 ! manual digit 3 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010678 name: manual digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18081 is_a: UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010686 ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010578 ! manual digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005694 ! manual digit 4 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010679 name: manual digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18086 is_a: UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010686 ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010579 ! manual digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005695 ! manual digit 5 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010680 name: pedal digit 1 phalanx cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18107 is_a: UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010685 ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010580 ! pedal digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0010562 ! pedal digit 1 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010681 name: pedal digit 2 phalanx cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18112 is_a: UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010685 ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010581 ! pedal digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005696 ! pedal digit 2 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010682 name: pedal digit 3 phalanx cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18117 is_a: UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010685 ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010582 ! pedal digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005697 ! pedal digit 3 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010683 name: pedal digit 4 phalanx cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18122 is_a: UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010685 ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010583 ! pedal digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005698 ! pedal digit 4 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010684 name: pedal digit 5 phalanx cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18127 is_a: UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010685 ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010584 ! pedal digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005699 ! pedal digit 5 mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010685 name: pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010701 ! phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005255 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010585 ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010686 name: manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010701 ! phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005257 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010586 ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010687 name: pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "metatarsal bone pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "metatarsus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000948] xref: VHOG:0000948 is_a: UBERON:0010585 ! pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010688 name: skeleton of anterior acropodium def: "Endochondral acropodial bones forming the distalmost section of the anterior autopodium." [VSAO:0005029, VSAO:NI] synonym: "all phalanges in forelimb autopod" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior acropodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005029, VSAO:NI] synonym: "fore acropodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "hand digit skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "manual digit skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "manual phalanges" EXACT PLURAL [VSAO:0005029, VSAO:NI] synonym: "phalanges of hand" EXACT [FMA:71337] synonym: "phalanges of manus" EXACT [] synonym: "set of manual phalanges" EXACT [] synonym: "set of phalanges of hand" EXACT [FMA:71337] synonym: "set of phalanges of manus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:71337 xref: VSAO:0005029 is_a: UBERON:0010543 ! skeleton of acropodium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0010543 ! skeleton of acropodium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010544 ! metacarpus skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010690 name: manual digit 1 epithelium xref: EHDAA2:0000512 xref: EMAPA:17430 is_a: UBERON:0005227 ! manual digit epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0010693 name: pedal digit 1 epithelium xref: EHDAA2:0002038 xref: EMAPA:17461 is_a: UBERON:0005226 ! pedal digit epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0010695 name: mesenchyme of tarsal region def: "Mesenchyme of the carpal region that conributes to the tarsal skeleton." [UBERON:cjm] xref: EMAPA:18500 is_a: UBERON:0003860 ! hindlimb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region [Term] id: UBERON:0010696 name: skeleton of posterior acropodium synonym: "all phalanges in hindlimb autopod" EXACT [] synonym: "foot digit skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "hind acropodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "pedal phalanges" EXACT [VSAO:0005030, VSAO:NI] synonym: "phalanges of foot" EXACT [FMA:78512] synonym: "phalanges of pes" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior acropodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005030, VSAO:NI] synonym: "set of pedal phalanges" EXACT [] synonym: "set of phalanges of foot" EXACT [FMA:78512] synonym: "set of phalanges of pes" EXACT [] xref: FMA:78512 xref: VSAO:0005030 is_a: UBERON:0010543 ! skeleton of acropodium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0010543 ! skeleton of acropodium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0010545 ! metatarsus skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010697 name: pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010685 ! pedal digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005255 ! pedal digit mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010698 name: manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "metacarpal bone pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000953] synonym: "metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000953] xref: VHOG:0000953 is_a: UBERON:0010586 ! manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010699 name: manual digit metacarpus cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010686 ! manual digit phalanx cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010698 ! manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0005257 ! manual digit mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010700 name: phalanx pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010702 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! skeleton of autopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010701 name: phalanx cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010702 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010700 ! phalanx pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! skeleton of autopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0010702 ! digit mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010702 name: digit mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0009749 ! limb mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0002544 ! digit [Term] id: UBERON:0010703 name: forelimb zeugopod skeleton def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an forelimb zeugopod region." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "anterior zeugopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005011, VSAO:NI] synonym: "anterior zeugopodium skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0005011, VSAO:NI] synonym: "fore epipodium" RELATED [AAO:0000200] synonym: "fore epipodium skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "forearm skeleton" EXACT [FMA:71199] synonym: "forelimb epipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005011, VSAO:NI] synonym: "forelimb epipodium skeleton" RELATED [] synonym: "radius and ulna" RELATED [] synonym: "skeleton of forearm" EXACT [FMA:71199] xref: AAO:0000200 xref: FMA:71199 xref: VSAO:0005011 is_a: UBERON:0011584 ! zeugopodial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod property_value: external_definition "Segment of the forearm corresponding to the radius and ulna.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000200", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010704 name: parenchyma of quadrate lobe of liver synonym: "liver right quadrate lobe parenchyma" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001014] synonym: "parenchyma of quadrate lobe" EXACT [EMAPA:18320] xref: EHDAA2:0001014 xref: EMAPA:18320 xref: FMA:71676 is_a: UBERON:0005221 ! liver right lobe parenchyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0001116 intersection_of: UBERON:0001280 ! liver parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001116 ! quadrate lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001116 ! quadrate lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0010706 name: parenchyma of caudate lobe of liver synonym: "liver right caudate lobe parenchyma" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001007] synonym: "parenchyma of caudate lobe" EXACT [EMAPA:18315] xref: EHDAA2:0001007 xref: EMAPA:18315 xref: FMA:71659 is_a: UBERON:0005221 ! liver right lobe parenchyma is_a: UBERON:0005222 ! liver left lobe parenchyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0001117 intersection_of: UBERON:0001280 ! liver parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001117 ! caudate lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001117 ! caudate lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0010707 name: appendage girdle complex def: "An organism subdivision that includes both an appendage and its accociated girdle region. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc)." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: It is still called a complex when one of the two parts is missing (?) There are fossil fishes with only an outgrowth (no record of a girdle), including thelodonts (which have a suprabranchial fin) as well as some anaspids which have a distinctive 'paired fin' (with differing published assertions on whether it's homologous to a pec fin or pelvic fin or both or neither). There are many fishes and other vertebrates with only a girdle and no outgrowth.[VSAO] AO notes: note that the FMA uses the term 'limb' to refer to the entire appendage complex (free limb plus girdle region) synonym: "appendage complex" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "appendage-girdle complex" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "appendage/girdle complex" EXACT [VSAO:0000214] synonym: "girdle plus limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "limb" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:7182] xref: FMA:7182 xref: VSAO:0000214 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision property_value: external_comment "It is still called a complex when one of the two parts is missing (?) There are fossil fishes with only an outgrowth (no record of a girdle), including thelodonts (which have a suprabranchial fin) as well as some anaspids which have a distinctive 'paired fin' (with differing published assertions on whether it's homologous to a pec fin or pelvic fin or both or neither). There are many fishes and other vertebrates with only a girdle and no outgrowth.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="VSAO:0000214", ontology="VSAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Anatomical group that consists of the soft and skeletal tissues of the appendicular region of the body and the appendage proper.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000214", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034"} created_by: haendel creation_date: 2012-04-23T10:46:51Z [Term] id: UBERON:0010708 name: pectoral complex def: "Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pectoral appendicular skeleton and the pectoral girdle." [VSAO:0000213] comment: AO notes: note that the FMA uses the terms 'upper limb' and 'lower limb' to refer to the entire appendage complex (free limb plus girdle region) synonym: "pectoral appendage/girdle complex" EXACT [VSAO:0000213] synonym: "pectoral girdle plus anterior limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "pectoral girdle plus pectoral limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "upper limb" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:7183] xref: FMA:7183 xref: VSAO:0000213 is_a: UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex relationship: has_part UBERON:0001421 intersection_of: UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: has_part UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000153 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:32523"} ! anterior region of body property_value: external_definition "Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pectoral appendage and half of the pectoral girdle.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000213", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:MAH"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010709 name: pelvic complex def: "Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pelvic appendicular skeleton and the pelvic girdle." [VSAO:0000215] comment: AO notes: note that the FMA uses the terms 'upper limb' and 'lower limb' to refer to the entire appendage complex (free limb plus girdle region). Note the MA class 'hindlimb' may also belong here synonym: "lower limb" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:7184] synonym: "pelvic appendage/girdle complex" EXACT [VSAO:0000215] synonym: "pelvic girdle plus pelvic limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "pelvic girdle plus posterior limb or fin" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:7184 xref: SCTID:416631005 xref: VSAO:0000215 is_a: UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex relationship: has_part UBERON:0001271 intersection_of: UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: has_part UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0000154 {gci_relation="part_of", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:32523"} ! posterior region of body property_value: external_definition "Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pelvic appendage and the pelvic girdle.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000215", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:MAH"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010710 name: pectoral fin skeleton def: "Paired fin skeleton that consists of the supporting endochondral proximal and distal radials and the dermal fins rays or lepidotrichia. The pectoral fin skeleton is located in the thoracic region of the body and articulates with the scapula and coracoid." [TAO:wd] synonym: "forefin skeleton" EXACT [TAO:0000943] xref: EFO:0003594 xref: TAO:0000943 xref: VSAO:0000153 xref: ZFA:0000943 is_a: UBERON:0007272 ! pectoral appendage skeleton is_a: UBERON:0010713 ! paired fin skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000151 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0000151 ! pectoral fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000151 {source="TAO"} ! pectoral fin relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000151 ! pectoral fin [Term] id: UBERON:0010711 name: pelvic fin skeleton def: "Paired fin skeleton located in the abdominal position that consists of supporting endochondral radialsB and dermal fin rays or lepidotrichia." [TAO:0001387] comment: AO Notes: the girdle is part of the pelvic fin skeleton in ZFA - needs resolved xref: TAO:0001387 xref: VSAO:0000154 xref: ZFA:0001387 is_a: UBERON:0007273 ! pelvic appendage skeleton is_a: UBERON:0010713 ! paired fin skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000152 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000152 {source="TAO"} ! pelvic fin relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0000152 ! pelvic fin [Term] id: UBERON:0010712 name: limb skeleton subdivision def: "Skeletal subdivision that is a segment of the limb skeleton." [VSAO:0005018, VSAO:NI] comment: Editor notes - note the distinction between this and skeleton of limb xref: VSAO:0005018 is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 {source="VSAO"} ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0010713 name: paired fin skeleton def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in a single paired fin." [UBERON:cjm] xref: TAO:0000027 xref: VSAO:0000169 xref: ZFA:0000027 is_a: UBERON:0011582 ! skeleton of limb/fin relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002534 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin relationship: part_of UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002534 ! paired fin property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000027", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system that consists of the paired fins (pectoral or pelvic fins).[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000169", ontology="VSAO", source="TAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010714 name: iliac cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0000808 xref: EMAPA:18347 xref: VHOG:0001126 is_a: UBERON:0005863 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006247 {source="EHDAA2"} ! iliac pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0010718 name: pubic cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0001573 is_a: UBERON:0005863 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010377 ! mesenchyme from somatopleure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006285 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pubic pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0007832 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pelvic girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0010719 name: girdle skeleton def: "The subdivision of the skeleton of either the pectoral or pelvic girdle." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "skeleton of girdle" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010686 xref: VSAO:0000302 is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0007823 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0007823 ! appendage girdle region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: part_of subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000302", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: proximally_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000302", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship type change: subclass skeletal subdivision (VSAO:0000042) CHANGED TO: transitively_connected_to subdivision of skeleton (UBERON:0010912)[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000302", ontology="VSAO"} property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision that is part of the appendage girdle region.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000302", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010720 name: hindlimb zeugopod skeleton def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb zeugopod region." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "hind epipodium" RELATED [AAO:0000216] synonym: "hindlimb epipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005014, VSAO:NI] synonym: "posterior zeugopodium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [VSAO:0005014] synonym: "posterior zeugopodium skeleton" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000216 xref: VSAO:0005014 is_a: UBERON:0011584 ! zeugopodial skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod property_value: external_definition "Segment of the leg corresponding to the tibia and fibula.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000216", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010721 name: distal tarsal bone def: "There are three cuneiform bones in the human foot: the medial cuneiform the intermediate cuneiform also known as the middle the lateral cuneiform. They are located between the navicular bone and the first, second and third metatarsal bones and are medial to the cuboid bone[WP, unvetted, human specific]." [Wikipedia:Cuneiform_%28anatomy%29] synonym: "cuneiform bone" EXACT [FMA:24517] synonym: "distal tarsal" EXACT [AAO:0000914] synonym: "distal tarsal bone" EXACT [] synonym: "os cuneiform" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000914 xref: FMA:24517 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Gray268.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cuneiform_Bone_of_the_Foot xref: SCTID:182102002 is_a: UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton property_value: external_definition "Series of elements that articulate with the metatarsals.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000914", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010722 name: accessory bone def: "A bone which does not occur frequently in the body but is still present in a significantly large number of organisms" [Wikipedia:Accessory_bone] is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010723 name: vesalian bone def: "an accessory bone located proximal to the base of the fifth metatarsal. Its prevalence has been reported to be from 0.1% to 1.0%. This bone is found within the peroneus brevis tendon and is considered to be asymptomatic in the majority of people" [PMID:16291851] synonym: "os vesalianum pedis" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:182149003 is_a: UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0010722 ! accessory bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010724 name: lateral tubercle of talus def: "An accessory bone tubercle which if present lies posterior to the talus" [Wikipedia:Os_trigonum] synonym: "accessory talus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Os_trigonum] synonym: "os trigonum" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "os trigonum of talus" EXACT [FMA:33655] synonym: "tuberculum laterale (talus)" EXACT [FMA:33655] xref: FMA:33655 xref: SCTID:87573005 is_a: UBERON:0005813 {source="FMA"} ! tubercle is_a: UBERON:0005899 ! pes bone is_a: UBERON:0010722 ! accessory bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0010725 name: accessory navicular bone def: "an accessory bone of the pes that occasionally develops abnormally in front of the ankle towards the inside of the pes. This bone may be present in approximately 2.5% of the general population and is usually asymptomatic" [Wikipedia:Accessory_navicular_bone] xref: SCTID:118496000 is_a: UBERON:0005899 ! pes bone is_a: UBERON:0010722 ! accessory bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0010726 name: os vesalianum manus xref: http://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/SkeletalSystem/Images/94.jpg is_a: UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone is_a: UBERON:0010722 ! accessory bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010727 name: sutural bone def: "A piece of bone that is located within a suture in the cranium." [Wikipedia:Wormian_bones] synonym: "wormian bone" EXACT [FMA:59327] xref: FMA:59327 xref: SCTID:272677004 is_a: UBERON:0004766 ! cranial bone is_a: UBERON:0010428 {source="FMA"} ! flat bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture [Term] id: UBERON:0010728 name: sphenoid lesser wing pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0003449 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0009191 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sphenoid bone pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010732 name: alisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "sphenoid greater wing pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003448] xref: EHDAA2:0003448 is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0009191 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sphenoid bone pre-cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010733 name: alisphenoid cartilage condensation synonym: "sphenoid greater wing cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0003450] xref: EHDAA2:0003450 is_a: UBERON:0005863 {source="EHDAA2"} ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm is_a: UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010732 {source="EHDAA2"} ! alisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0009193 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sphenoid bone cartilage condensation [Term] id: UBERON:0010737 name: distal tarsal bone 4 def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 4." [VSAO:0005055] comment: We need to restrict the logical definition such that it is *only* connecting to metatarsal 4 synonym: "cuboideum" RELATED [VSAO:0005055] synonym: "distal tarsal 4" EXACT [VSAO:0005055] synonym: "tarsal 4" EXACT [AAO:0000932] xref: AAO:0000932 xref: VSAO:0005055 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003653 ! metatarsal bone of digit 4 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal IV. It may be absent in some taxa.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000932", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010738 name: distal tarsal bone 5 def: "Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 5." [VSAO:0005056] comment: We need to restrict the logical definition such that it is *only* connecting to metatarsal 5 synonym: "cuboideum" RELATED [VSAO:0005056] synonym: "distal tarsal 5" EXACT [VSAO:0005056] synonym: "tarsal 5" EXACT [AAO:0000933] xref: AAO:0000933 xref: VSAO:0005056 is_a: UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone relationship: distally_connected_to UBERON:0003654 ! metatarsal bone of digit 5 relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metatarsal V. It may be absent in some taxa.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000933", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Francis_1934"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010739 name: distal carpal bone 5 def: "endochondral carpal bone similar to distal carpal 4, but lost in most reptiles and mammals." [VSAO:0005047] comment: Taxon notes: lost in most reptiles and mammals[VSAO]. Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(V). It may be fused to carpal 4(3), 5(4), the ulnare, radiale, or other elements[AAO] synonym: "carpal 5" RELATED [AAO:0000851] synonym: "distal carpal 5" EXACT [VSAO:0005047] synonym: "hamate" RELATED [VSAO:0005047] synonym: "os hamatum" RELATED [VSAO:0005047] synonym: "unciform" RELATED [VSAO:0005047] synonym: "uncinate" RELATED [VSAO:0005047] xref: AAO:0000851 xref: VSAO:0005047 is_a: UBERON:0001481 ! distal carpal bone property_value: external_definition "Small element that articulates anteriorly with metacarpal IV(V). It may be fused to carpal 4(3), 5(4), the ulnare, radiale, or other elements.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000851", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010740 name: bone of appendage girdle complex def: "A bone that is part of an appendage girdle complex (i.e. any bone in a limb, fin or girdle)." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "bone of extended limb/fin region" RELATED [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "limb bone" RELATED [MA:0000688, UBERONREF:0000003] xref: MA:0000688 is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010707 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 {notes="UBERONREF:0000003"} ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0010707 ! appendage girdle complex [Term] id: UBERON:0010741 name: bone of pectoral complex def: "A bone that is part of a pectoral complex. Examples: scapula, manus phalanx, any carpal bone, any bone of the pectoral fin." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: AO notes - note that the MA class includes girdle parts so it belongs here; Editor notes: considering adding pectoral and pelvic complex skeleton classes synonym: "bone of forelimb or pectoral fin or pectoral girdle" RELATED [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "forelimb bone" RELATED [MA:0000612, UBERONREF:0000003] synonym: "wing bone" NARROW SENSU [UBERONREF:0000003] xref: MA:0000612 is_a: UBERON:0010740 ! bone of appendage girdle complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex [Term] id: UBERON:0010742 name: bone of pelvic complex def: "A bone that is part of a pelvic complex. Examples: pubis, ischium, fot phalanx, any tarsal bone, any bone of the pelvic fin or girdle." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: Note that the MA class called 'hindlimb bone' belongs here, as it includes bones in the pelvic girdle synonym: "hindlimb bone" RELATED [MA:0000660, UBERONREF:0000003] xref: MA:0000660 is_a: UBERON:0010740 {source="MA"} ! bone of appendage girdle complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex [Term] id: UBERON:0010743 name: meningeal cluster def: "The collection of all meningeal layers that line a central nervous system." [UBERON:cjm] comment: In some primitive organisms, the meningeal cluster includes only the primitive meninx synonym: "cluster of meninges" EXACT [FMA:231572] synonym: "meninges" EXACT [FMA:231572] xref: EHDAA2:0004661 xref: FMA:231572 xref: SCTID:362879001 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0010744 name: sacral vertebra pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "sacral vertebral pre-cartilage condensation group" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001774] xref: EHDAA2:0001774 xref: EMAPA:17677 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0011095 ! vertebra pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003089 {evidence_from="Aves", notes="Christ et al 200", source="PMID:21455939"} ! sclerotome relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sacral region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0010745 name: sacral vertebra cartilage condensation synonym: "sacral vertebral cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "sacral vertebral cartilage condensation group" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001773] xref: EHDAA2:0001773 xref: EMAPA:18009 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005174 ! back organ is_a: UBERON:0005179 ! pelvis organ is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0011094 ! vertebra cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010744 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sacral vertebra pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0006075 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sacral region of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0010746 name: iliac blade def: "The extension of the ilium above the level of the acetabulum. Attachment site for both hindlimb and caudal musculature. Medially is the site of attachment of the sacral ribs, where these exist[PHENOSCAPE:ad]." [PHENOSCAPE:ad, Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium] comment: Taxon notes: Often dorsally expanded in amniotes[ad]. synonym: "a. ossis ilii" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium] synonym: "ala of ilium" EXACT [FMA:42826] synonym: "ala ossis ilii" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA, Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium] synonym: "ilium ala" EXACT [FMA:42826] synonym: "wing of ilium" EXACT [] synonym: "wing of the ilium" EXACT [Wikipedia:Wing_of_ilium] xref: FMA:42826 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Gray235.png xref: SCTID:182024000 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="FMA"} ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium [Term] id: UBERON:0010747 name: body of ilium def: "The body of ilium enters into the formation of the acetabulum, of which it forms rather less than two-fifths. Its external surface is partly articular, partly non-articular; the articular segment forms part of the lunate surface of the acetabulum, the non-articular portion contributes to the acetabular fossa. The internal surface of the body is part of the wall of the lesser pelvis and gives origin to some fibers of the Obturator internus. Below, it is continuous with the pelvic surfaces of the ischium and pubis, only a faint line indicating the place of union." [Wikipedia:Body_of_ilium] synonym: "corpus ossis ilii" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Body_of_ilium] synonym: "ilium body" EXACT [FMA:42825] xref: FMA:42825 xref: SCTID:292524005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="FMA"} ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium [Term] id: UBERON:0010748 name: lymph node follicle synonym: "follicle of lymph node" EXACT [] xref: MA:0000742 is_a: UBERON:0000444 ! lymphoid follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0000444 ! lymphoid follicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: part_of UBERON:0002006 {source="MP-def", notes="issues/7"} ! cortex of lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0010749 name: middle pharyngeal constrictor def: "The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a fanshaped muscle, smaller than the Inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle." [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "constrictor medius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "constrictor pharyngis medius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "constrictores pharyngis medius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "hyopharyngeus" RELATED [] synonym: "middle constrictor" EXACT [FMA:46622] synonym: "middle constrictor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "middle constrictor muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "middle constrictor of pharynx" EXACT [FMA:46622] synonym: "middle constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46622] synonym: "middle pharyngeal constrictor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] synonym: "musculus constrictor pharyngis medius" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "musculus constrictor pharyngis medius" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Middle_pharyngeal_constrictor_muscle] xref: FMA:46622 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Musculusconstrictorpharyngismedius.png xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Constrictor_Muscle xref: SCTID:244802003 is_a: UBERON:0001569 {source="FMA"} ! constrictor muscle of pharynx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001685 {source="dbpedia"} ! hyoid bone property_value: external_definition "The middle constrictor is a pharyngeal arches 4/6 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus of Vagus and attaches to the hyoid apparatus and the midline raphe.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010750 name: prefrontal bone def: "a bone separating the lacrimal and frontal bones in many tetrapod skulls" [Wikipedia:Prefrontal_bone] comment: Taxon notes: It first evolved in the sarcopterygian clade Rhipidistia, which includes lungfish and the Tetrapodomorpha. The prefrontal is found in most modern and extinct lungfish, amphibians and reptiles. It is very small, fused to the frontals or lost in many groups of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs and is completely absent in their modern descendants, the birds. The prefrontal was also lost in early mammaliaforms and so is not present in modern mammals either[WP] synonym: "prefrontal" BROAD [AAO:0000460] xref: AAO:0000460 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Dromaeosaurus_skull_en.svg/180px-Dromaeosaurus_skull_en.svg.png is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="Kardong"} ! dermal bone relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001680 ! lacrimal bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 {source="Kardong"} ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="orbital series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton property_value: dubious_for_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 {source="WP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010751 name: squamous part of temporal bone primordium synonym: "squamosal bone primordium" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0001907 xref: EHDAA:9536 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007213 ! mesenchyme derived from head neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0004339 {source="PMID:11523816", source="EHDAA2"} ! vault of skull [Term] id: UBERON:0010752 name: exoccipital cartilage condensation xref: EMAPA:18339 is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006228 ! exoccipital pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001693 ! exoccipital bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="EMAPA"} ! chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0010753 name: lymph node secondary follicle def: "A secondary follicle that is located in a lymph node" [CL:tm] xref: MA:0000744 is_a: UBERON:0001745 ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue is_a: UBERON:0010748 {source="MA"} ! lymph node follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 intersection_of: UBERON:0001745 ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010395 ! lymph node primary follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000029 ! lymph node [Term] id: UBERON:0010754 name: germinal center def: "A collection of activated B cells at the center of a secondary follicle, formed after B cells become activated and migrate to the center." [CL:tm, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Germinal_center] comment: A germinal center is a specialized microenvironment formed when activated B cells enter lymphoid follicles. Germinal centers are the foci for B cell proliferation and somatic hypermutation.[GO] synonym: "central zone of follice" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "light zone of follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "lymhpoid nodule" RELATED [CL:tm] synonym: "nodule" RELATED [CL:tm] synonym: "reaction center of follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] xref: BTO:0003671 xref: EV:0100051 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Germinal_center.svg xref: MESH:A.10.549.250 xref: ncithesaurus:Germinal_Center xref: SCTID:64626006 is_a: UBERON:0001744 ! lymphoid tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001745 ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0010755 name: secondary follicle corona def: "The part of the secondary follicle that surrounds the germinal center." [CL:tm, UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor's note: consider making terminology consistent amongst subclasses - see https://github.com/cmungall/uberon/issues/7 synonym: "B cell corona" RELATED [] synonym: "dark zone of follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "inactive zone of follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] synonym: "mantle zone" RELATED [] synonym: "peripheral zone of follicle" EXACT [CL:tm] xref: ncithesaurus:Mantle_Zone is_a: UBERON:0001744 ! lymphoid tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001745 relationship: surrounds UBERON:0010754 intersection_of: UBERON:0001744 ! lymphoid tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001745 ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue intersection_of: surrounds UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center relationship: part_of UBERON:0001745 ! secondary nodular lymphoid tissue relationship: surrounds UBERON:0010754 ! germinal center [Term] id: UBERON:0010756 name: spleen follicular dendritic cell network def: "the enmeshed group of antigen presenting cells with extensive dendritic processes in the spleen B cell follicle that present antigen to B cells during an immune response" [MP:0008473] comment: The follicular dendritic cell network is often visualized by using the monoclonal antibody FDC-M2. synonym: "FDC network" BROAD [MP:0008473] synonym: "FDCN" BROAD [MP:0008473] synonym: "spleen FDC network" EXACT [MP:0008473] synonym: "splenic follicular dendritic cell network" EXACT [MP:0008473] is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001744 ! lymphoid tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0004042 ! spleen secondary B follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0010757 name: rib 8 comment: elements are to be defined spatially/topologically subset: defined_by_ordinal_series synonym: "eighth rib" EXACT [FMA:8120] xref: FMA:8120 xref: MA:0001408 xref: ncithesaurus:Rib_8 xref: SCTID:244663007 is_a: UBERON:0002228 ! rib is_a: UBERON:0002238 {source="FMA", gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of"} ! false rib property_value: rib_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0010758 name: appendage segment xref: FBbt:00007018 is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0000026 ! appendage [Term] id: UBERON:0010759 name: equine distal sesamoid def: "lies on the palmar aspect of the coffin joint between the second phalanx and third phalanx. articulates closely with the distal phalanx, to which it is connected by the impar ligament of the navicular bone. The impar ligament is very strong and permits relatively little motion between the navicular bone and the distal phalanx." [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Distal_sesamoid, Wikipedia:Navicular_bone#Horse_anatomy] synonym: "navicular bone" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Equine_forelimb_anatomy#Distal_sesamoid] xref: SCTID:370654009 is_a: UBERON:0001479 ! sesamoid bone is_a: UBERON:0011141 ! appendicular ossicle is_a: UBERON:0011250 ! autopod bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region [Term] id: UBERON:0010760 name: supraglenoid tubercle def: "The supraglenoid tubercle is a region of the scapula to which the long head of the biceps brachii muscle attaches." [Wikipedia:Supraglenoid_tubercle] synonym: "supraglenoid tuberosity" EXACT [FMA:23263] synonym: "tuberculum supraglenoidale" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Supraglenoid_tubercle] xref: FMA:23263 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Gray205_left_scapula_lateral_view.png is_a: UBERON:0005813 {source="FMA"} ! tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0006633 ! coracoid process of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0010801 name: calcaneum pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "calcaneous pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:17736 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010695 ! mesenchyme of tarsal region relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010842 name: calcaneum cartilage condensation synonym: "calcaneous cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:18143 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010695 ! mesenchyme of tarsal region relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010801 ! calcaneum pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010843 name: clavicle cartilaginous condensation comment: In most birds and mammals the clavicles are the only dermal elements in the trunk, and is the only membrane bone associated with the pectoral girdle in these taxa. However, there can be secondary cartilage, or subsequent endochondral ossification, or fusion with endochondral elements. In rodents, the lateral ends of the clavicle are endochondral but the main portion is dermal.[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4] xref: EMAPA:18342 is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001105 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010844 ! clavicle pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0010844 name: clavicle pre-cartilage condensation comment: In most birds and mammals the clavicles are the only dermal elements in the trunk, and is the only membrane bone associated with the pectoral girdle in these taxa. However, there can be secondary cartilage, or subsequent endochondral ossification, or fusion with endochondral elements. In rodents, the lateral ends of the clavicle are endochondral but the main portion is dermal.[ISBN:978-0-12-319060-4] xref: EMAPA:18026 is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001105 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0010846 name: radius pre-cartilage condensation comment: Editor notes: still to decide whether this is a distinct pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0001586 is_a: UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm is_a: UBERON:0010884 ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001423 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006287 {source="EHDAA2"} ! radius-ulna pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme of forearm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010847 name: ulna pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002100 xref: EHDAA:6226 is_a: UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm is_a: UBERON:0010884 ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001424 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006287 {source="EHDAA2"} ! radius-ulna pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme of forearm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010848 name: radius-ulna cartilage condensation comment: AO notes: note that this is not represented as a single unit in EHDAA2 synonym: "radio-ulna cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:17711] xref: EMAPA:17711 is_a: UBERON:0003327 ! mesenchyme of forearm is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006287 ! radius-ulna pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003327 {source="EMAPA"} ! mesenchyme of forearm relationship: part_of UBERON:0010703 ! forelimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010849 name: tibia cartilaginous condensation xref: EMAPA:18155 is_a: UBERON:0005259 ! lower leg mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010885 ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000979 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010850 ! tibia pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0005259 {source="EMAPA"} ! lower leg mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010850 name: tibia pre-cartilage condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002036 is_a: UBERON:0005259 ! lower leg mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010886 ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000979 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: develops_into UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: part_of UBERON:0005259 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lower leg mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010851 name: fibula cartilaginous condensation synonym: "fibulal cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:18154] synonym: "fibular cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:18154] xref: EMAPA:18154 is_a: UBERON:0005259 ! lower leg mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010885 ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001446 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001446 ! fibula relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010852 ! fibula pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001446 ! fibula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0005259 {source="EMAPA"} ! lower leg mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010852 name: fibula pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "fibulal pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "fibular pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000509 xref: EHDAA:6196 is_a: UBERON:0005259 ! lower leg mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0010886 ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001446 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0001446 ! fibula relationship: develops_into UBERON:0001446 ! fibula relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0005259 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lower leg mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010853 name: capitulum of humerus def: "In human anatomy of the arm, the lateral portion of the articular surface of the humerus consists of a smooth, rounded eminence, named the capitulum of the humerus. It articulates with the cupshaped depression on the head of the radius, and is limited to the front and lower part of the bone.." [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus] comment: TODO - check AAO. Taxon notes: In birds, where forelimb anatomy has adaptation for flight, its functional if not ontogenetic equivalent is the dorsal condyle of the humerus[WP] synonym: "capitellum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus] synonym: "capitulum humeri" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus] synonym: "capitulum of humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus] synonym: "dorsal condyle of the humerus" RELATED SENSU [Wikipedia:Capitulum_of_the_humerus] synonym: "humeral capitulum" EXACT [FMA:23373] xref: FMA:23373 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Capitulumhumeri.PNG xref: SCTID:282816008 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005055 ! zone of long bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009988 {source="FMA"} ! condyle of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0010854 name: skin of front of neck synonym: "skin of anterior neck" EXACT [FMA:23023] synonym: "skin of anterior part of neck" EXACT [FMA:23023] synonym: "skin of anterior portion of neck" EXACT [FMA:23023] synonym: "skin of throat" EXACT [] xref: FMA:23023 xref: SCTID:181482005 is_a: UBERON:0001417 ! skin of neck relationship: part_of UBERON:0000341 intersection_of: UBERON:0001417 ! skin of neck intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000341 ! throat relationship: part_of UBERON:0000341 ! throat relationship: part_of UBERON:0011154 ! gular region [Term] id: UBERON:0010855 name: skin of forelimb wing is_a: UBERON:0003531 ! forelimb skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0000024 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing relationship: part_of UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing [Term] id: UBERON:0010856 name: patagium def: "." [http://www.brown.edu/Departments/EEB/EML/background/wing_anatomy.htm, Wikipedia:Patagium] is_a: UBERON:0000094 ! membrane organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000023 ! wing [Term] id: UBERON:0010858 name: inter limb-segment region comment: Examples - region between digits in a human embryo; segments of a bat's patagium is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002529 {cardinality="2"} ! limb segment [Term] id: UBERON:0010861 name: propatagium is_a: UBERON:0010858 ! inter limb-segment region relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium [Term] id: UBERON:0010862 name: dactylopatagium is_a: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 intersection_of: UBERON:0006012 ! interdigital region intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium [Term] id: UBERON:0010863 name: dactylopatagium brevis is_a: UBERON:0010862 ! dactylopatagium relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001463 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003622 intersection_of: UBERON:0010862 ! dactylopatagium intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0010864 name: dactylopatagium minus is_a: UBERON:0010862 ! dactylopatagium relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003622 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003623 intersection_of: UBERON:0010862 ! dactylopatagium intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0010865 name: dactylopatagium medius is_a: UBERON:0010862 ! dactylopatagium relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003623 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003624 intersection_of: UBERON:0010862 ! dactylopatagium intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0010866 name: dactylopatagium major is_a: UBERON:0010862 ! dactylopatagium relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003624 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003625 intersection_of: UBERON:0010862 ! dactylopatagium intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0010867 name: plagiopatagium is_a: UBERON:0010862 ! dactylopatagium relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003625 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003823 relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 intersection_of: UBERON:0010862 ! dactylopatagium intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium [Term] id: UBERON:0010868 name: uropropatagium def: "the membrane that stretches between the legs of bats, used for flight, and in the case of insect-eating bats, for catching prey." [Wikipedia:Interfemoral_membrane] synonym: "interfemoral membrane" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0010858 ! inter limb-segment region relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium [Term] id: UBERON:0010869 name: calcar def: "a spur of cartilage arising from inner side of ankle and running along part of outer interfemoral membrane in bats" [Wikipedia:Calcar] comment: Function notes: to help spread the interfemoral membrane which is part of the wing membrane between the tail and the hind legs. synonym: "calcaneum" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Calcar] synonym: "calcar spur" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0010868 ! uropropatagium [Term] id: UBERON:0010878 name: humeral patagium is_a: UBERON:0010855 ! skin of forelimb wing [Term] id: UBERON:0010879 name: tusk def: "Elongated, continuously growing front teeth, usually but not always in pairs, that protrude well beyond the mouth of certain mammal species. They are most commonly canines, as with warthogs, pig, and walruses, or, in the case of elephants and narwhals, elongated incisors. In most tusked species both the males and the females have tusks although the males are larger. Tusks are generally curved, though the narwhal's sole tusk is straight and has a helical structure. In the elephant, the tusks were originally second incisors. Continuous growth is enabled by formative tissues in the apical openings of the roots of the teeth" [Wikipedia:Tusk] xref: SCTID:54040005 is_a: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0010880 name: gular fold def: " A transverse fold of skin across the throat (Peters 1964)." [http://imnh.isu.edu/digitalatlas/bio/glsry.htm, http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3414172&group_id=76834&atid=994764, Wikipedia:Gular_fold, Wikipedia:Gular_skin] synonym: "gular sac" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gular_fold] synonym: "gular skin" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gular_fold] synonym: "throat sac" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gular_fold] xref: AAO:0010238 is_a: UBERON:0010854 ! skin of front of neck [Term] id: UBERON:0010881 name: limb bone cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002428 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010882 ! limb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010882 name: limb bone pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002428 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010883 name: forelimb bone cartilaginous condensation subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0003859 ! forelimb mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010881 ! limb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008962 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010884 ! forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010884 name: forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0003859 ! forelimb mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010882 ! limb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008962 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008962 ! forelimb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001440 ! forelimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010885 name: hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0003860 ! hindlimb mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010881 ! limb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003464 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010886 ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010886 name: hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0003860 ! hindlimb mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010882 ! limb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003464 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone relationship: develops_into UBERON:0003464 ! hindlimb bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010887 name: tragus def: "a small pointed eminence of the external ear, situated in front of the concha, and projecting backward over the meatus." [Wikipedia:Tragus_(ear)] comment: Taxon notes: The tragus is generally believed to play a role in vertical sound localization in bats synonym: "tragal part of pinna" EXACT [FMA:60998] xref: FMA:60998 xref: ncithesaurus:Tragus xref: SCTID:362541003 is_a: UBERON:0000061 ! anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001757 {source="FMA"} ! pinna [Term] id: UBERON:0010888 name: obsolete seta def: "A hair-like unicellular external process of the body wall or any derivative of the latter; a hair; a bristle." [BTO:0004212] comment: Obsoleted as the term 'seta' refers to a variety of different structures. For insect chaetae, consider the arthropod anatomy ontology. synonym: "bristle" RELATED [BTO:0004212] synonym: "chaeta" RELATED [MIAA:0000152] synonym: "sensory bristle" RELATED [MIAA:0000152] is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0010889 name: ectethmoid def: "either of two lateral parts of the ethmoid bone that form part of the anterior wall of the orbit " [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/ectethmoid] comment: Taxon notes: In avians, the mesethmoid supports upper beak formation synonym: "dorsal nasal capsule" EXACT [PMID:21270050] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 ! ethmoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010890 name: pelvic complex muscle def: "Muscles of the pelvic girdle, hindlimb or pelvic fin." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "lower limb muscle" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:9622] synonym: "muscle of lower limb" RELATED INCONSISTENT [FMA:9622] synonym: "muscle of pelvic girdle and leg" RELATED [] synonym: "pelvic girdle and hind limb muscles" EXACT [AAO:0000218] synonym: "pelvic girdle or hind limb muscle" NARROW [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "pelvic girdle or posterior limb muscle" NARROW [UBERON:cjm] xref: AAO:0000218 xref: FMA:9622 xref: MA:0000663 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex property_value: external_definition "Muscles of the pelvic girdle, thigh, leg (crus), and foot (pes).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000218", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010891 name: pectoral complex muscle def: "A muscle of a pectoral girdle, pectoral fin or anterior limb." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor notes: the MA class belongs here, based on its current child classes synonym: "muscle of pectoral girdle and limb" RELATED [] synonym: "muscle of pectoral girdle and wing" NARROW SENSU [NCBITaxon:8782] synonym: "muscle of upper limb" NARROW INCONSISTENT [FMA:9621] synonym: "pectoral girdle and fore limb muscles" EXACT [AAO:0010687] synonym: "upper limb muscle" NARROW INCONSISTENT [FMA:9621] xref: AAO:0010687 xref: FMA:9621 xref: MA:0000615 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex relationship: part_of UBERON:0010708 ! pectoral complex property_value: external_definition "Muscles of the pectoral girdle, arm, forearm, and hand (brachium, antebrachium, manus respectively).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010687", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010892 name: mesethmoid element def: "region of the nasal capsule that forms septum between nasal capsules and usually remains unossified in mammals" [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "mesethmoid" RELATED [AAO:0000303] synonym: "ventral nasal capsule" EXACT [PMID:21270050] xref: AAO:0000303 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005945 {source="TAO"} ! neurocranial trabecula relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 {source="Kardong"} ! ethmoid region property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of braincase and otic capsule skeleton (AAO:0000052)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000303", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Endochondral ossification of the anteromedial portion of the braincase.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000303", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010893 name: median external naris subset: cyclostome_subset synonym: "nasohypophysial opening" EXACT [http://tolweb.org/Hyperoartia] is_a: UBERON:0005928 ! external naris [Term] id: UBERON:0010894 name: keratinous tooth comment: The hagfish's jawless mouth contains two parallel rows of pointed keratinous teeth subset: cyclostome_subset synonym: "horny denticle" EXACT [http://tolweb.org/Hyperoartia] is_a: UBERON:0003913 ! tooth-like structure [Term] id: UBERON:0010895 name: sequential hermaphroditic organism def: "Hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of one sex, and then later of the other sex." [CARO:0000045] synonym: "consecutive hermaphroditic organism" RELATED [CARO:0000045] xref: AAO:0010037 xref: BILA:0000045 xref: CARO:0000045 xref: HAO:0000045 xref: TADS:0000608 is_a: UBERON:0007197 {source="CARO"} ! hermaphroditic organism [Term] id: UBERON:0010896 name: piston cartilage comment: Composition notes: composed of lamprin, an elastin-like protein, unique to lampreys subset: cyclostome_subset synonym: "lamprey tongue" RELATED [] synonym: "lingual cartilage" EXACT [] synonym: "piston" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0010898 name: gastralium def: "Dermal element that arises via intramembranous ossification and are developmentally distinct from true ribs that articulate with the vertebral column." [VSAO:0000127, Wikipedia:Gastralium] comment: hese bones may have been derived from the ventral scales found in animals like rhipidistians, labyrinthodonts, and Acanthostega, and may be related to ventral elements of turtle plastrons[WP] synonym: "abdominal rib" EXACT [ISBN10:0073040584, VSAO:curator] synonym: "belly rib" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "gastralia" EXACT PLURAL [VSAO:0000127] xref: VSAO:0000127 is_a: UBERON:0003828 ! abdominal segment bone is_a: UBERON:0005172 ! abdomen organ is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="VSAO"} ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006635 {source="Kardong"} ! anterior abdominal wall [Term] id: UBERON:0010899 name: synchronous hermaphroditic organism def: "Hermaphroditic organism that produces both male and female gametes at the same time." [CARO:0000046] synonym: "serially hermaphroditic organism" RELATED [CARO:0000046] xref: AAO:0010046 xref: BILA:0000046 xref: CARO:0000046 xref: HAO:0000046 xref: TADS:0000609 is_a: UBERON:0007197 {source="CARO"} ! hermaphroditic organism relationship: has_part UBERON:0000473 relationship: has_part UBERON:0000992 intersection_of: UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0000473 ! testis intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad relationship: has_part UBERON:0000473 ! testis relationship: has_part UBERON:0000992 ! female gonad [Term] id: UBERON:0010900 name: tarsometatarsus cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010885 ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008195 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008195 ! tarsometatarsus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010901 ! tarsometatarsus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008195 ! tarsometatarsus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0010901 name: tarsometatarsus pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010886 ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008195 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008195 ! tarsometatarsus relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008195 ! tarsometatarsus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001445 ! skeleton of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0010902 name: tibiotarsus cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010885 ! hindlimb bone cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008194 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008194 ! tibiotarsus relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010903 ! tibiotarsus pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008194 ! tibiotarsus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010903 name: tibiotarsus pre-cartilage condensation is_a: UBERON:0010886 ! hindlimb bone pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008194 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0008194 ! tibiotarsus relationship: develops_into UBERON:0008194 ! tibiotarsus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001441 ! hindlimb skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0010904 name: pectoral fin scapula def: "Endochondral bone that is located medial to the cleithrum, and articulates ventrally with the coracoid, medially with the mesocoracoid when the later is present and posteriorly with the upper one to three proximal radials. The scapula develops from the scapulocoracoid cartilage and belongs to the primary pectoral girdle. It may be perforated by the scapular foramen or it may be notched ventrally and forms together with a similar notch of the coracoid the scapulocoracoid foramen." [TAO:0000583] comment: Alternate definition: A scapula that is connected to a pectoral fin synonym: "hypercoracocïde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000583] synonym: "hypercoracocïdeum@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000583] synonym: "scapula@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000583] synonym: "scapulas" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000583] synonym: "teleost scapula" RELATED [] xref: TAO:0000583 xref: ZFA:0000583 is_a: UBERON:0006849 ! scapula relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004753 {source="ZFA"} ! scapulocoracoid [Term] id: UBERON:0010905 name: clavicle bone primordium comment: lateral part derives from a fish dermal bone while the medial part comes from a spur off the manubrium endochondral bone[JB] synonym: "calvicle primordium" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000254 is_a: UBERON:0002514 {source="EHDAA2"} ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0007829 ! pectoral girdle bone is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 {source="EHDAA2"} ! body-wall mesenchyme relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002342 {editor="mah", notes="shown in mouse", source="PMC1352163"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0010907 name: parafibula def: "third bone of the lower leg, normally restricted to the area of the knee, in multuberculates, monotremes and some therians" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryP.html#P] is_a: UBERON:0004251 ! lower leg bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0010908 name: paraglossale def: "in the avian hyoid apparatus, the arrowhead-shaped bone which forms the base of the tongue" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryP.html#P] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0010910 name: opisthotic def: "Posterior ossification of the otic capsule." [AAO:0010835, http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/opisthotic.html] comment: Taxon notes: teleost fishes have a bone which is called the opisthotic. However, it is not homologous to the tetrapod opisthotic and the teleost otic capsule is all of a piece[palaeos] - see TAO:0000474 - intercalar "Small membrane bone homologous with a cartilage bone in more basal fishes (Patterson, 1977). Situated between the exoccipital and the pterotic at point of attachment of short ligament that originates on the ventral arm of the posttemporal." xref: AAO:0010835 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0004637 {source="AAO"} ! otic capsule [Term] id: UBERON:0010911 name: ossicle def: "Skeletal element that is small dermal or endochondral bone." [VSAO:0000132] comment: Ossicles are composed of a combination skeletal tissues, including bone, calcified cartilage, hyaline cartilage, etc, and exhibit variable development across species. Ossicles are not necessarily jointed, and examples include the menisci of synovial joints, "Panda's thumb" (radial sesamoid), cardiac skeletal elements, sclerotic bones, middle ear ossicles, and sesamoids. xref: VSAO:0000132 is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002513 {source="VSAO"} ! endochondral bone property_value: external_definition "Skeletal element that is often isolated, small, and variable in composition.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000132", ontology="VSAO", source="PSPUB:0000169"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010912 name: subdivision of skeleton def: "Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements (i.e. bone elements, cartilage elements, cartilage condensations) that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism. Excludes joints." [UBERON:cjm, UBERONREF:0000003] comment: AO notes: VSAO def logically wrong subset: non_informative synonym: "skeletal subdivision" EXACT [VSAO:0000042] synonym: "subdivision of skeleton (in vivo)" RELATED [FMA:23879] xref: FMA:23879 xref: SCTID:129140006 xref: VSAO:0000042 is_a: UBERON:0011216 {source="cjm"} ! organ system subdivision relationship: part_of UBERON:0000075 {source="UBERONREF:0000003"} ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004288 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton property_value: external_definition "Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements that are part of the skeleton.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000042", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010913 name: vertebral element def: "Skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column." [VSAO:0000184] comment: Note that Uberon includes a distinct subclass for bony vertebra xref: VHOG:0001143 xref: VSAO:0000184 is_a: UBERON:0004765 {source="VSAO"} ! skeletal element relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 {source="VSAO"} ! vertebral column property_value: homology_notes "In contrast to lampreys and jawed vertebrates, hagfishes were thought to lack vertebrae. Now, long overlooked vertebral rudiments have been analysed in hagfish, suggesting that vertebrae existed in the last common ancestor of all vertebrates.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001143", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2011.07.014 Janvier P, Comparative anatomy: all vertebrates do have vertebrae. Current Biology (2011)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010921 name: thyrohyoid ligament xref: FMA:55135 xref: ncithesaurus:Thyrohyoid_Ligament xref: SCTID:279551000 is_a: UBERON:0008845 {source="FMA"} ! nonskeletal ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0010925 name: median thyrohyoid ligament def: "The middle thicker part of the thyrohyoid membrane is termed the median thyrohyoid ligament (middle hyothyroid ligament, middle thyrohyoid ligament), its lateral thinner portions are pierced by the superior laryngeal vessels and the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. Its anterior surface is in relation with the Thyreohyoideus, Sternohyoideus, and Omohyoideus, and with the body of the hyoid bone" [Wikipedia:Median_thyrohyoid_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum thyrohyoideum medianum" EXACT [] synonym: "middle thyrohyoid ligament" EXACT [FMA:55138] xref: FMA:55138 xref: ncithesaurus:Middle_Thyrohyoid_Ligament xref: SCTID:279554008 is_a: UBERON:0010921 {source="FMA"} ! thyrohyoid ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0010926 name: lateral thyrohyoid ligament def: "The lateral thyrohyoid ligament (lateral hyothyroid ligament) is a round elastic cord, which forms the posterior border of the hyothyroid membrane and passes between the tip of the superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage and the extremity of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. The recurrent laryngeal nerve typical lies lateral to this ligament" [Wikipedia:Lateral_thyrohyoid_ligament] synonym: "ligamentum hyothyreoideum laterale" EXACT [] synonym: "ligamentum thyrohyoideum laterale" EXACT [] xref: FMA:55139 xref: ncithesaurus:Lateral_Thyrohyoid_Ligament xref: SCTID:279555009 is_a: UBERON:0010921 {source="FMA"} ! thyrohyoid ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0010927 name: thyroepiglotticus muscle def: "fibers of the thyroarytenoid muscle that continue to the margin of the epiglottis; it closes the inlet to the larynx." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thyroepiglottic+muscle, Wikipedia:Thyroepiglottic_muscle] comment: AO notes: not a distinct muscle in FMA synonym: "pars thyroepiglottica (musculus thyroarytenoideus)" EXACT [FMA:46594] synonym: "pars thyroepiglottica musculi thyroarytenoidei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Thyroepiglottic_muscle] synonym: "pars thyroepiglottica musculus thyroarytenoidei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "thyro-epiglottic part of thyro-arytenoid" EXACT [FMA:46594] synonym: "thyroepiglottic" EXACT [] synonym: "thyroepiglottic muscle" EXACT [FMA:46594] synonym: "thyroepiglotticus" EXACT [FMA:46594] synonym: "thyroepiglottus" EXACT [] synonym: "thyroepiglottus muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:46594 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Musculusthyreoarytenoideus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Thyroepiglottic_Muscle xref: SCTID:244819001 is_a: UBERON:0001568 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! muscle of larynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0008576 {source="FMA"} ! thyro-arytenoid property_value: external_definition "Thexton, see notes from WG2.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010928 name: cricopharyngeus comment: muscle belly synonym: "cricopharyngeal part of inferior constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46661] synonym: "cricopharyngeal part of inferior pharyngeal constrictor" EXACT [FMA:46661] synonym: "cricopharyngeal part of inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "cricopharyngeus muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "pars cricopharyngea (musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior)" EXACT [FMA:46661] synonym: "pars cricopharyngea musculus constrictoris pharyngis inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:46661 xref: ncithesaurus:Cricopharyngeus_Muscle xref: SCTID:244804002 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001570 {source="FMA"} ! inferior pharyngeal constrictor property_value: external_definition "The cricopharyngeus is a pharyngeal arch 4/6 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the pharyngeal plexus and the recurrent laryngeal n. , and is an integral part of the pharyngeal tube, and attaches to the cricoid cartilage and the midline raphe. It acts as a sphincter between the pharynx and esophagus.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010929 name: stapedius pre-muscle condensation xref: EHDAA2:0001909 is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation is_a: UBERON:0009506 ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009506 {source="EHDAA2"} ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 {source="EHDAA2"} ! middle ear [Term] id: UBERON:0010930 name: interhyoideus comment: Usage notes: may be obsoleted. Muscle between hyoid arches in fish; Taxon notes: the [mammalian] interhyoideus is homologous with the simple interhyoideus of early stages of amphibia[Edgeworth, 1935]. most extant actinopterygians part of the interhyoideus separates into a distinct muscle during development, the hyohyoideus - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-213X/8/24/ synonym: "interhyoideus muscle" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010649 is_a: UBERON:0005493 ! hyoid muscle property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass hyobranchial muscles (AAO:0000224)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010649", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of the principal muscles used in swallowing.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010649", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BMZ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010931 name: intermandibularis def: "Is a mandibular muscle that develops into the ventral intermandibularis anterior and posterior muscles." [ZFA:0000369] synonym: "intermandibular muscle" RELATED [ZFIN:ZDB-PUB-060921-12] synonym: "intermandibularis muscle" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0010647 xref: TAO:0000369 xref: ZFA:0000369 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass hyobranchial muscles (AAO:0000224)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010647", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "One of the principal muscles used in swallowing.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010647", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BMZ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010932 name: crico-arytenoid muscle def: "Cricoarytenoid muscles are muscles that connect the cricoid cartilage and arytenoid cartilage. More specifically, it can refer to: Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle" [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "crico-arytenoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "cricoarytenoid" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "cricoarytenoid muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_muscle] synonym: "cricoarytenoideus" EXACT [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Gray959.png xref: MA:0002283 xref: ncithesaurus:Cricoarytenoid_Muscle xref: SCTID:244811003 is_a: UBERON:0006328 {source="FMA"} ! laryngeal intrinsic muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001737 {source="FMA"} ! larynx [Term] id: UBERON:0010933 name: orbicularis oris muscle def: "In human anatomy, the orbicularis oris muscle is the sphincter muscle around the mouth. This muscle closes the mouth and puckers the lips when it contracts." [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle] synonym: "incisivii labii inferioris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle] synonym: "incisivii labii superioris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle] synonym: "musculus orbicularis oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle] synonym: "nasolabialis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle] synonym: "orbicularis oris" EXACT [FMA:46841] synonym: "orbicularis oris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbicularis_oris_muscle] xref: FMA:46841 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Orbicularis_oris.jpg xref: SCTID:244749008 is_a: UBERON:0001577 {source="FMA"} ! facial muscle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011386 ! facial modiolus relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001458 {notes="Skin around the lips", source="dbpedia"} ! skin of lip relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {notes="cranial nerve VII buccal branch of the facial nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001684 {notes="Maxilla and mandible", source="dbpedia"} ! mandible relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 {notes="Maxilla and mandible", source="dbpedia"} ! maxilla property_value: external_definition "The orbicularis oris is a superficial facial muscle that attaches to the skin and modiolus, and that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, and is innervated by the facial nerve .[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010934 name: panniculus carnosus def: "a part of the subcutaneous tissues in the study of animal anatomy. It is a layer of striated muscle deep to the panniculus adiposus" [Wikipedia:Panniculus_carnosus] synonym: "panniculus carnosus group" EXACT [EMAPA:18189] xref: EMAPA:18189 is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002072 ! hypodermis [Term] id: UBERON:0010935 name: tensor tympani pre-muscle condensation xref: EHDAA2:0002002 is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation is_a: UBERON:0009506 ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009506 {source="EHDAA2"} ! associated mesenchyme of middle ear relationship: part_of UBERON:0001756 {source="EHDAA2"} ! middle ear [Term] id: UBERON:0010936 name: thyropharyngeus comment: muscle belly synonym: "pars thyropharyngea (musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior)" EXACT [FMA:46658] synonym: "pars thyropharyngea musculus constrictoris pharyngis inferioris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "thyropharyngeal part of inferior constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46658] synonym: "thyropharyngeal part of inferior constrictor pharyngeus muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "thyropharyngeal part of inferior pharyngeal constrictor" EXACT [FMA:46658] xref: FMA:46658 xref: SCTID:244805001 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001570 {source="FMA"} ! inferior pharyngeal constrictor [Term] id: UBERON:0010937 name: salpingopharyngeus muscle def: "The salpingopharyngeus muscle arises from the inferior part of the cartilage of the pharyngotympanic tube (Eustachian tube) in the nasal cavity; it passes downward and blends with the posterior fasciculus of the palatopharyngeus muscle. The salpingopharyngeus is known to raise the pharynx and larynx during deglutition (swallowing) and laterally draws the pharyngeal walls up. In addition, it opens the pharyngeal orifice of the pharyngotympanic tube during swallowing. This allows for the equalization of pressure between the auditory canal and the pharynx. The salpingopharyngeus is innervated by the vagus nerve (CN X) via the pharyngeal plexus." [Wikipedia:Salpingopharyngeus_muscle] synonym: "musculus salpingopharyngeus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Salpingopharyngeus_muscle] synonym: "salpingopharyngeus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Salpingopharyngeus_muscle] xref: FMA:46665 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Salpingopharyngeus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Salpingopharyngeus xref: SCTID:244807009 is_a: UBERON:0000933 {source="FMA"} ! pharyngeal muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001738 {source="dbpedia", notes="fibers pass downward and blend with the palatopharyngeus muscle to the upper border thyroid cartilage blending with constrictor fibers"} ! thyroid cartilage relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0010234 {source="dbpedia", notes="fibers pass downward and blend with the palatopharyngeus muscle to the upper border thyroid cartilage blending with constrictor fibers"} ! palatopharyngeus relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001759 {source="dbpedia", notes="vagus nerve and cranial accessory nerve"} ! vagus nerve relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0002019 {source="dbpedia", notes="vagus nerve and cranial accessory nerve"} ! accessory XI nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007354 {source="dbpedia", notes="lower part of the cartilage of the auditory tube"} ! cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube property_value: external_definition "Salpingopharyngeus is a muscle that attaches to pharyngotympanic tube and the pharynx and is innervated by pharyngeal plexus of CN X and participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010938 name: muscle belly synonym: "belly" EXACT [FMA:9719] synonym: "venter" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:9719 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 {source="FMA"} ! muscle organ [Term] id: UBERON:0010939 name: zygomaticomandibularis muscle synonym: "masseter, deep" RELATED [FEED:FEED] synonym: "zygomaticomandibularis" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "zygomaticomandibularis muscle" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle property_value: external_definition "The deep masseter is a separable part of the masseter muscle that attaches to lateral surface and/or ventral border of zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} property_value: external_definition "The zygomaticomandibularis is a separable part of the masseter muscle that attaches to the medial surface of the zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010940 name: belly of digastric synonym: "digastric belly" EXACT [FMA:46297] xref: FMA:46297 xref: SCTID:360772008 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010938 ! muscle belly relationship: part_of UBERON:0001562 intersection_of: UBERON:0010938 ! muscle belly intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001562 ! digastric muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001562 ! digastric muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010943 name: anterior belly of digastric synonym: "anterior belly of digastric muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "digastric, anterior" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "digastricus anterior" EXACT [] synonym: "digastricus, venter rostralis" EXACT [] synonym: "venter anterior (musculus digastricus)" EXACT [FMA:46302] xref: FMA:46302 xref: SCTID:141804004 is_a: UBERON:0010940 ! belly of digastric relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001684 ! mandible property_value: external_definition "The anterior digastric is a pharyngeal arch I muscle that participates in oral/pharygeal behaviors and is innervated by the nerve to mylohyoid and superficial to mylohyoid muscle, and lacks the midline raphe.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010944 name: posterior belly of digastric synonym: "digastric, posterior" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "digastricus posterior" EXACT [] synonym: "digastricus, venter caudalis" EXACT [] synonym: "posterior belly of digastric muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:46303 xref: SCTID:141905002 is_a: UBERON:0010940 ! belly of digastric relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0011220 {source="Wikipedia:Mastoid_process"} ! mastoid process of temporal bone property_value: external_definition "The posterior digastric is a pharyngeal arch II muscle that participates in oral pharyngeal behavior, is innervated by the digastric branchi of facial nerve and attaches to the posterior cranial base.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010945 name: jugulohyoideus muscle def: "runs from the processus jugularis to the os stylohyoideum; innervated with the ramus jugulohyoideus from the nervus facialis" [PMID:7839797] comment: See also: stylohyoid muscle synonym: "jugulohyoid" RELATED [] synonym: "jugulohyoideus" RELATED [] synonym: "musculus jugulohyoideus" RELATED [] synonym: "musculus occipitohyoideus" RELATED [] synonym: "occipitohyoid" RELATED [] synonym: "occipitohyoideus" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0002377 ! muscle of neck [Term] id: UBERON:0010946 name: occipitofrontalis muscle def: "The occipitofrontalis or epicranius is a muscle which covers parts of the skull. It consists of two parts or bellies: The occipital belly, near the occipital bone, and the frontal belly, near the frontal bone. Some sources consider the occipitofrontalis to be a structure consisting of two distinct muscles, the Frontalis and the occipitalis. However, Terminologia Anatomica currently classifies it as a single muscle." [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle] comment: zone of muscle in FMA synonym: "epicranius" RELATED [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle] synonym: "musculus occipitofrontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle] synonym: "occipitofrontalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Occipitofrontalis_muscle] xref: FMA:9624 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Gray378.png xref: ncithesaurus:Occipito-frontalis_Muscle xref: SCTID:361811007 is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0006661 {source="dbpedia"} ! epicranial aponeurosis relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0010947 name: occipitalis synonym: "occipital belly of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46758] synonym: "occipital part of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46758] synonym: "venter occipitalis (musculus occipitofrontalis)" EXACT [FMA:46758] synonym: "venter transversa musculus occipitofrontalis occipitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:46758 xref: SCTID:21405000 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010938 ! muscle belly relationship: part_of UBERON:0010946 {source="FMA"} ! occipitofrontalis muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010948 name: cleidooccipital muscle comment: Some studies have indicated a supernumerary cleido-occipital muscle more or less separate from the sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle; The frequency of cleido-occipital muscle occurrence has been reported up to 33% synonym: "cleido-occipitalis" EXACT [] synonym: "cleido-occipitalis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "cleidooccipital" EXACT [MA:0002276] xref: MA:0002276 is_a: UBERON:0000933 ! pharyngeal muscle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001676 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone [Term] id: UBERON:0010949 name: sternooccipital muscle synonym: "sternooccipital" EXACT [MA:0002385] xref: MA:0002385 xref: ncithesaurus:Sternooccipital is_a: UBERON:0002377 ! muscle of neck relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000975 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone intersection_of: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000975 ! sternum relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000975 ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0010950 name: styloauricular muscle def: "An occasional small muscle extending from the root of the styloid process to the cartilage of the meatus of the ear" [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?musculus+styloauricularis] synonym: "mandibulo-auricularis" EXACT [] synonym: "mandibulo-auricularis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "stylo-auricularis" EXACT [] synonym: "stylo-auricularis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "styloauricularis" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head [Term] id: UBERON:0010951 name: interscutular muscle def: "a muscle that attaches to the base of the ear and to the middle of the skull" [PMID:19209956] synonym: "interscutularis" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus interscutularis" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head [Term] id: UBERON:0010952 name: frontalis def: "The frontalis muscle is thin, of a quadrilateral form, and intimately adherent to the superficial fascia. It is broader than the Occipitalis and its fibers are longer and paler in color. It is located on the front of the head. It has no bony attachments. Its medial fibers are continuous with those of the Procerus; its immediate fibers blend with the Corrugator and Orbicularis oculi, thus attached to the skin of the eyebrows; and its lateral fibers are also blended with the latter muscle over the zygomatic process of the frontal bone. In the eyebrows, its primary function is to lift them (thus opposing the orbital portion of the orbicularis), especially when looking up. It also acts when a view is too distant or dim. From these attachments the fibers are directed upward, and join the galea aponeurotica below the coronal suture. The medial margins of the Frontales are joined together for some distance above the root of the nose; but between the Occipitales there is a considerable, though variable, interval, occupied by the galea aponeurotica. It could be part of occipitofrontalis muscle." [Wikipedia:Frontalis_muscle] synonym: "frontal belly of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46757] synonym: "frontal belly of occipitofrontalis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Frontalis_muscle] synonym: "frontal part of occipitofrontalis" EXACT [FMA:46757] synonym: "orbito-temporo-auricularis" EXACT [PMID:18657257] synonym: "venter frontalis (musculus occipitofrontalis)" EXACT [FMA:46757] synonym: "venter frontalis musculi occipitofrontalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Frontalis_muscle] synonym: "venter frontalis musculus occipitofrontalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:46757 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Musculus_frontalis.png xref: SCTID:368680005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010938 ! muscle belly relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="dbpedia"} ! facial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006661 {source="dbpedia"} ! epicranial aponeurosis relationship: part_of UBERON:0010946 {source="FMA"} ! occipitofrontalis muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010953 name: nasalis muscle def: "The nasalis (compressor naris) is a sphincter-like muscle of the nose whose function is to compress the nasal cartilage. It consists of two parts, transverse and alar: The transverse part arises from the maxilla, above and lateral to the incisive fossa; its fibers proceed upward and medially, expanding into a thin aponeurosis which is continuous on the bridge of the nose with that of the muscle of the opposite side, and with the aponeurosis of the Procerus. The alar part is attached at one end to the greater alar cartilage, and at the other to the integument at the point of the nose. Other sources divide it into \"Compressor nasalis\" and \"Dilator nasalis\"." [Wikipedia:Nasalis_muscle] synonym: "compressor naris" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasalis_muscle] synonym: "compressor narium minor" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasalis_muscle] synonym: "compressor nasi" RELATED [Wikipedia:Nasalis_muscle] synonym: "musculus nasalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Nasalis_muscle] synonym: "nasalis" EXACT [FMA:46770] xref: FMA:46770 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Nasalis.png xref: SCTID:244732001 is_a: UBERON:0008522 {source="FMA"} ! nasal muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001681 {source="dbpedia"} ! nasal bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002397 {source="dbpedia"} ! maxilla [Term] id: UBERON:0010954 name: ceratohyoideus muscle def: "The ceratohyoideus is a muscle of Pharyngeal Arch III that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the glossopharyngeal n. , and attaches to the ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus and also to a non-ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus.[FEED]" [http://www.feedexp.org] synonym: "ceratohyoideus" EXACT [FEED:FEED] is_a: UBERON:0000933 ! pharyngeal muscle property_value: external_definition "The ceratohyoideus is a muscle of Pharyngeal Arch III that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the glossopharyngeal n. , and attaches to the ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus and also to a non-ceratohyal part of the hyoid apparatus.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0010955 name: trapezius pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0002079 is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation is_a: UBERON:0006904 ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010258 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010956 name: pterygopharyngeal part of superior pharyngeal constrictor synonym: "pars pterygopharyngea (musculus constrictor pharyngis superior)" EXACT [FMA:46638] synonym: "pterygopharyngeal part of superior constrictor pharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:46638] synonym: "pterygopharyngeus" RELATED [] xref: FMA:46638 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0006329 {source="FMA"} ! superior pharyngeal constrictor [Term] id: UBERON:0010958 name: arytenoid muscle def: "A single muscle, filling up the posterior concave surfaces of the arytenoid cartilages. It arises from the posterior surface and lateral border of one arytenoid cartilage, and is inserted into the corresponding parts of the opposite cartilage. It consists of oblique and transverse parts." [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle] comment: todo - check child relationships synonym: "aryepiglotticus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle] synonym: "arytaenoideus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle] synonym: "arytaenoideus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle] synonym: "Arytænoideus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Arytenoid_muscle] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Musculusarytenoideus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Arytenoid_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0006328 ! laryngeal intrinsic muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001740 {source="dbpedia", notes="Arytenoid cartilage on opposite side"} ! arytenoid cartilage relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003716 {notes="recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus", source="dbpedia"} ! recurrent laryngeal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001740 {source="dbpedia", notes="Arytenoid cartilage on one side"} ! arytenoid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0010959 name: craniocervical muscle synonym: "muscle of head and neck" RELATED [] synonym: "muscle of head or neck" EXACT [] xref: ncithesaurus:Head_and_Neck_Muscle is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region [Term] id: UBERON:0010961 name: erector spinae pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0000455 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group relationship: part_of UBERON:0003897 {source="EHDAA2"} ! axial muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010962 name: extensor pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0000459 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group [Term] id: UBERON:0010963 name: trunk and cervical myotome group comment: isa row in EHDAA2 xref: EHDAA2:0003425 is_a: UBERON:0003082 ! myotome relationship: part_of UBERON:0005256 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0010970 name: intercostal pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0000843 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group relationship: part_of UBERON:0003897 {source="EHDAA2"} ! axial muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010974 name: external intercostal pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0000467 is_a: UBERON:0010970 {source="EHDAA2"} ! intercostal pre-muscle mass [Term] id: UBERON:0010975 name: external oblique pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0000470 is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 {source="EHDAA2"} ! body-wall mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0002461 {source="EHDAA2"} ! anterior abdominal wall muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010977 name: flexor pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0000543 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group [Term] id: UBERON:0010981 name: internal intercostal pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0000876 is_a: UBERON:0010970 {source="EHDAA2"} ! intercostal pre-muscle mass relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group [Term] id: UBERON:0010982 name: latissimus dorsi pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0000933 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010983 name: levator scapulae pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0000993 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010984 name: pectoral pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0001423 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010985 name: rhomboid pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0001636 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010986 name: serratus anterior pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0001833 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group relationship: part_of UBERON:0003897 {source="EHDAA2"} ! axial muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010987 name: sterno-mastoid pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0001913 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006904 {source="EHDAA2"} ! head mesenchyme from mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002376 {source="EHDAA2"} ! muscle of head [Term] id: UBERON:0010988 name: teres major pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0002005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group relationship: part_of UBERON:0008713 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010989 name: transverospinalis pre-muscle mass xref: EHDAA2:0002076 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group [Term] id: UBERON:0010990 name: transversospinales muscle def: "The transversospinal muscles are a group of muscles of the human back. Their combined action is rotation and extension of the vertebral column. They include: semispinalis, spanning 4-6 vertebral segments semispinalis dorsi semispinalis cervicis semispinalis capitis multifidus, spanning 2-4 vertebral segments rotatores, spanning 1-2 vertebral segments rotatores cervicis rotatores thoracis rotatores lumborum" [Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles] synonym: "deep dorsal muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles] synonym: "musculi transversospinales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles] synonym: "musculi transversospinales" RELATED [FMA:TA] synonym: "transverospinalis" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002075] synonym: "transversospinal group of muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Transversospinales_muscles] synonym: "transversospinales" RELATED [FMA:71304] synonym: "transversospinales muscle group" RELATED [FMA:71304] xref: EHDAA2:0002075 xref: EHDAA:9465 xref: FMA:71304 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Gray384.png xref: SCTID:244866002 is_a: UBERON:0003897 {source="EHDAA2"} ! axial muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010989 {source="EHDAA2"} ! transverospinalis pre-muscle mass [Term] id: UBERON:0010993 name: subscapularis pre-muscle mass xref: EMAPA:17750 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005865 ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010963 {source="EHDAA2"} ! trunk and cervical myotome group [Term] id: UBERON:0010994 name: coronoid process of ulna def: "The coronoid process is a triangular eminence projecting forward from the upper and front part of the ulna. Its base is continuous with the body of the bone, and of considerable strength. Its apex is pointed, slightly curved upward, and in flexion of the forearm is received into the coronoid fossa of the humerus. Its upper surface is smooth, concave, and forms the lower part of the semilunar notch. Its antero-inferior surface is concave, and marked by a rough impression for the insertion of the Brachialis muscle. At the junction of this surface with the front of the body is a rough eminence, the tuberosity of the ulna, which gives insertion to a part of the Brachialis; to the lateral border of this tuberosity the oblique cord is attached. Its lateral surface presents a narrow, oblong, articular depression, the radial notch. Its medial surface, by its prominent, free margin, serves for the attachment of part of the ulnar collateral ligament. At the front part of this surface is a small rounded eminence for the origin of one head of the Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle; behind the eminence is a depression for part of the origin of the Flexor digitorum profundus muscle; descending from the eminence is a ridge which gives origin to one head of the Pronator teres muscle. Frequently, the Flexor pollicis longus muscle arises from the lower part of the coronoid process by a rounded bundle of muscular fibers." [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna] synonym: "coronoid process" BROAD [FMA:23616] synonym: "coronoid process of the ulna" EXACT [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna] synonym: "processus coronoideus" EXACT [FMA:23616] synonym: "processus coronoideus ulnae" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Coronoid_process_of_the_ulna] synonym: "ulnar coronoid process" EXACT [] xref: FMA:23616 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gray212.png xref: SCTID:181951002 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004529 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0006822 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0010995 name: deep part of masseter muscle synonym: "deep layer of masseter" EXACT [FMA:49003] synonym: "deep part of masseter" EXACT [FMA:49003] synonym: "masseter, deep" EXACT [] synonym: "masseter, profundus" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "pars profunda (musculus masseter)" EXACT [FMA:49003] synonym: "pars profunda of masseter muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:49003 xref: SCTID:142309002 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: in_deep_part_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0010996 name: articular cartilage of joint def: "A thin layer of cartilage, usually hyaline, on the articular surface of bones in synovial joints." [BTO:0001572] subset: uberon_slim subset: vertebrate_core synonym: "articular cartilage" EXACT [MA:0000487] synonym: "cartilago articularis" EXACT [FMA:12264] synonym: "hyaline cartilage" RELATED [BTO:0001572] xref: BTO:0001572 xref: EFO:0001902 xref: FMA:12264 xref: GAID:101 xref: galen:ArticularCartilage xref: MA:0000487 xref: MESH:A.02.165.165 xref: ncithesaurus:Articular_Cartilage xref: SCTID:305026006 is_a: UBERON:0001994 {source="MA"} ! hyaline cartilage disjoint_from: UBERON:0011002 ! articular cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0002217 {source="Wikipedia"} ! synovial joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011002 name: articular cartilage condensation synonym: "articular cartilages" BROAD PLURAL [ZFA:0001644] xref: TAO:0001670 xref: ZFA:0001644 is_a: UBERON:0011004 {source="ZFA"} ! pharyngeal arch cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0011004 name: pharyngeal arch cartilage synonym: "pharyngeal arch cartilages" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001460] synonym: "splanchnocranium cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001460] xref: TAO:0001460 xref: ZFA:0001460 is_a: UBERON:0003933 {source="ZFA"} ! cranial cartilage is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 intersection_of: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 {source="ZFA"} ! splanchnocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 ! splanchnocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0011005 name: endocardium of auricle comment: Note in EHDAA2 this is an epithelium that is part of the endocardium synonym: "auricle endocardium" EXACT [FMA:13234] xref: FMA:13234 is_a: UBERON:0002166 ! endocardium of atrium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006618 intersection_of: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006618 ! atrium auricular region [Term] id: UBERON:0011006 name: endocardium of left auricle synonym: "left atrium auricular region endocardium" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000277] synonym: "left auricle endocardial tissue" RELATED [VHOG:0001231] synonym: "left auricle endocardium" EXACT [FMA:13236] xref: EHDAA2:0000277 xref: FMA:13236 xref: VHOG:0001231 is_a: UBERON:0011005 ! endocardium of auricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0006630 intersection_of: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006630 ! left atrium auricular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006630 ! left atrium auricular region [Term] id: UBERON:0011007 name: endocardium of right auricle synonym: "right auricle endocardium" EXACT [FMA:13235] xref: EHDAA2:0000292 xref: FMA:13235 is_a: UBERON:0009129 ! right atrium endocardium is_a: UBERON:0011005 ! endocardium of auricle relationship: part_of UBERON:0006631 intersection_of: UBERON:0002165 ! endocardium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006631 ! right atrium auricular region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006631 ! right atrium auricular region [Term] id: UBERON:0011011 name: brachioradialis def: "Brachioradialis is a muscle of the forearm that acts to flex the forearm at the elbow. It is also capable of both pronation and supination, depending on the position of the forearm; for this reason it is also called \"the beer drinker muscle. \" It is attached to the distal styloid process of the radius by way of the brachioradialis tendon, and to the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus." [Wikipedia:Brachioradialis] synonym: "brachioradialis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Brachioradialis] synonym: "musculus brachioradialis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Brachioradialis] xref: FMA:38485 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Brachioradialis.png xref: SCTID:244989009 is_a: UBERON:0001499 ! muscle of arm relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001423 {notes="Distal radius", source="dbpedia"} ! radius bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001492 {source="dbpedia"} ! radial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000976 {source="dbpedia", notes="Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus"} ! humerus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001460 ! arm [Term] id: UBERON:0011012 name: flexor pollicis brevis muscle def: "The flexor pollicis brevis is a muscle in the hand that flexes the thumb. It is one of three thenar muscles. It has both a superficial part and a deep part." [Wikipedia:Flexor_pollicis_brevis_muscle] synonym: "flexor pollicis brevis" EXACT [FMA:37378] synonym: "musculus flexor pollicis brevis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flexor_pollicis_brevis_muscle] xref: FMA:37378 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Musculusflexorpollicisbrevis.png xref: SCTID:181646006 is_a: UBERON:0001500 ! muscle of manus relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0003234 {source="dbpedia", notes="Extensor pollicis longus and brevis"} ! extensor pollicis longus muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001463 {source="dbpedia"} ! manual digit 1 relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0004302 {source="dbpedia"} ! proximal phalanx relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0011013 name: spinalis muscle def: "The spinalis is the portion of the erector spinae, a bundle of muscles and tendons, located nearest to the spine. It is divided into three parts. [WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Spinalis] synonym: "medial column of erector spinae" RELATED [] synonym: "musculus spinalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Spinalis] synonym: "musculus spinalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Spinalis] synonym: "spinal muscle" EXACT [BTO:0002621] synonym: "spinalis" EXACT [FMA:77179] synonym: "spinalis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Spinalis] xref: BTO:0002621 xref: FMA:77179 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Spinalis.png xref: SCTID:244862000 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001076 {notes="spinous process Thoracis: SP of upper thoracic vertebrae. Cervicis: SP of cervical vertebrae except C1.", source="dbpedia"} ! spinous process of vertebra relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001092 {notes="spinous process Thoracis: SP of upper thoracic vertebrae. Cervicis: SP of cervical vertebrae except C1.", source="dbpedia"} ! first cervical vertebra relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0006839 {source="dbpedia"} ! posterior ramus of spinal nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001076 {source="dbpedia", notes="spinous process Thoracis: Upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae. Cervicis: Ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of C7."} ! spinous process of vertebra relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0004616 {source="dbpedia", notes="spinous process Thoracis: Upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae. Cervicis: Ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of C7."} ! mammalian cervical vertebra 7 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002462 {source="BTO"} ! erector spinae muscle group [Term] id: UBERON:0011014 name: spinalis capitis muscle def: "Origin: spines of upper thoracic and lower cervical vertebrae; insertion: occipital bone; innervation: spinal nerves; action, extends head." [BTO:0002622] synonym: "spinal muscle of head" EXACT [BTO:0002622] synonym: "spinalis capitis" EXACT [FMA:22775] xref: BTO:0002622 xref: FMA:22775 xref: SCTID:244865003 is_a: UBERON:0011013 {source="FMA"} ! spinalis muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003129 ! skull [Term] id: UBERON:0011015 name: iliac fossa xref: FMA:75316 xref: SCTID:182341009 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0001273 ! ilium [Term] id: UBERON:0011016 name: pyramidalis def: "The pyramidalis is a small and triangular muscle, anterior to the Rectus abdominis, and contained in the rectus sheath." [Wikipedia:Pyramidalis_muscle] synonym: "musculus pyramidalis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Pyramidalis_muscle] synonym: "pyramidalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pyramidalis_muscle] synonym: "pyramidalis muscle" EXACT [FMA:15568] xref: FMA:15568 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Gray397.png xref: ncithesaurus:Pyramidalis xref: SCTID:244950003 is_a: UBERON:0002461 {source="FMA"} ! anterior abdominal wall muscle relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003699 {source="dbpedia", notes="pubic symphysis and pubic crest"} ! pubic symphysis [Term] id: UBERON:0011017 name: semispinalis muscle def: "a transversospinalis muscle of the human body." [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_muscle] synonym: "semispinalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Semispinalis_muscle] xref: FMA:22823 xref: SCTID:244867006 is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0011022 name: flexor hallucis brevis def: "The Flexor hallucis brevis arises, by a pointed tendinous process, from the medial part of the under surface of the cuboid bone, from the contiguous portion of the third cuneiform, and from the prolongation of the tendon of the Tibialis posterior which is attached to that bone. It divides in front into two portions, which are inserted into the medial and lateral sides of the base of the first phalanx of the great toe, a sesamoid bone being present in each tendon at its insertion. The medial portion is blended with the Abductor hallucis previous to its insertion; the lateral portion with the Adductor hallucis; the tendon of the Flexor hallucis longus lies in a groove between them; the lateral portion is sometimes described as the first Interosseous plantaris." [Wikipedia:Flexor_hallucis_brevis_muscle] synonym: "flexor hallucis brevis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Flexor_hallucis_brevis_muscle] synonym: "m.flexor hallucis brevis" EXACT [FMA:37449] synonym: "musculus flexor hallucis brevis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Flexor_hallucis_brevis_muscle] xref: FMA:37449 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Musculus_flexor_hallucis_brevis.png xref: SCTID:181730007 is_a: UBERON:0000366 ! flexor muscle is_a: UBERON:0001498 ! muscle of pes relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001479 {notes="medial and lateral sesamoid bones of first metatarsal", source="dbpedia"} ! sesamoid bone relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003650 {notes="medial and lateral sesamoid bones of first metatarsal", source="dbpedia"} ! metatarsal bone of digit 1 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0010721 {source="dbpedia", notes="plantar surface of cuneiform bones"} ! distal tarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0011024 name: extrinsic extensor muscle of manus def: "The extrinsic extensor muscles of the hand are located in the back of the forearm and have long tendons connecting them to bones in the hand, where they exert their action." [Wikipedia:Extrinsic_extensor_muscles_of_the_hand] synonym: "extrinsic extensor muscle of hand" EXACT [Wikipedia:Extrinsic_extensor_muscles_of_the_hand] is_a: UBERON:0000311 ! extensor muscle is_a: UBERON:0004254 ! forelimb zeugopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005897 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 intersection_of: UBERON:0000311 ! extensor muscle intersection_of: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002386 ! forelimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0011025 name: aryepiglotticus muscle def: "The aryepiglotticus is a muscle of the larynx running in the aryepiglottic fold from the arytenoid cartilage to the epiglottis." [Wikipedia:Aryepiglottic_muscle] synonym: "ary-epiglottic part of oblique arytenoid" EXACT [FMA:46602] synonym: "aryepiglottic" EXACT [] synonym: "aryepiglottic muscle" EXACT [FMA:46602] synonym: "aryepiglottic muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "aryepiglotticus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Aryepiglottic_muscle] synonym: "aryepiglottus" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "aryepiglottus muscle" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "musculus aryepiglotticus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aryepiglottic_muscle] synonym: "pars aryepiglottica (musculus arytenoideus obliquus)" EXACT [FMA:46602] synonym: "pars aryepiglottica musculi arytenoidei obliqui" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Aryepiglottic_muscle] synonym: "pars aryepiglottica musculus arytenoidei obliqui" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:46602 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Musculusarytenoideus.png xref: ncithesaurus:Aryepiglottic_Muscle xref: SCTID:244818009 is_a: UBERON:0001568 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! muscle of larynx relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0008575 {source="FMA"} ! oblique arytenoid [Term] id: UBERON:0011043 name: obturator muscle def: "One of: obturator externus or obturator internus" [Wikipedia:Obturator_muscles] xref: FMA:19083 xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Muscle xref: SCTID:245024007 is_a: UBERON:0002000 {source="FMA"} ! gluteal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011048 name: obturator internus def: "The obturator internus muscle originates on the medial surface of the obturator membrane, the ischium near the membrane, and the rim of the pubis. It exits the pelvic cavity through the lesser sciatic foramen. The obturator internus is situated partly within the lesser pelvis, and partly at the back of the hip-joint. It functions to help laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh, as well as to steady the femoral head in the acetabulum." [Wikipedia:Obturator_internus_muscle] comment: Definition generalized to accommodate AAO class - "Originates on the entire lateral surface of the pelvic rim. Dorsal fibers insert distally to the dorso-medial surface of the caput femoris and ventral fibers extend around the acetabulum to insert on the tendon of the caput femoris." [AAO:0010052] synonym: "internal obturator" EXACT [FMA:22298] synonym: "internus obturator" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_internus_muscle] synonym: "musculus obturator internus" EXACT [FMA:22298] synonym: "musculus obturatorius internus" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Obturator_internus_muscle] synonym: "obturator internus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_internus_muscle] synonym: "obturatorius internus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Obturator_internus_muscle] xref: AAO:0010052 xref: FMA:22298 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Posterior_Hip_Muscles_1.PNG xref: ncithesaurus:Obturator_Internus_Muscle xref: SCTID:245025008 is_a: UBERON:0011043 {source="FMA"} ! obturator muscle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002503 {source="FMA"} ! greater trochanter relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002503 {source="dbpedia", notes="medial aspect of the Greater trochanter"} ! greater trochanter relationship: part_of UBERON:0004470 {source="FMA"} ! musculature of pelvic girdle property_value: external_definition "Originates on the entire lateral surface of the pelvic rim. Dorsal fibers insert distally to the dorso-medial surface of the caput femoris and ventral fibers extend around the acetabulum to insert on the tendon of the caput femoris.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010052", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011049 name: uterovesical pouch def: "The peritoneum over the rectum and the bladder is continued over the intestinal surface and fundus of the uterus on to its vesical surface, which it covers as far as the junction of the body and cervix uteri, and then to the bladder, forming here a second, but shallower, pouch, the vesicouterine excavation (or uterovesical pouch). The vesicouterine excavation is close to the anterior fornix of the vagina." [Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch] synonym: "excavatio vesico-uterina" EXACT [FMA:14729] synonym: "excavatio vesicouterina" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "excavatio vesicouterina" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch] synonym: "excavatio vesiocuterina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch] synonym: "vesico-uterine pouch" EXACT [FMA:14729] synonym: "vesicouterine" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch] synonym: "vesicouterine excavation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch] synonym: "vesicouterine pouch" EXACT [FMA:14729] synonym: "vesicouterine pouch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Vesico-uterine_pouch] xref: FMA:14729 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/WeiblichesBeckenMedian.gif xref: ncithesaurus:Utero-Vesical_Pouch xref: SCTID:249806003 is_a: UBERON:0000158 ! membranous layer is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum [Term] id: UBERON:0011050 name: thoracic vertebra 8 synonym: "eighth dorsal vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9991] synonym: "eighth thoracic vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9991] synonym: "T8 vertebra" EXACT [FMA:9991] xref: EMAPA:19549 xref: FMA:9991 xref: MA:0001445 xref: ncithesaurus:T8_Vertebra xref: SCTID:181836007 is_a: UBERON:0002347 {source="MA"} ! thoracic vertebra relationship: anteriorly_connected_to UBERON:0004632 {source="FMA"} ! thoracic vertebra 7 [Term] id: UBERON:0011060 name: perilymphatic channel def: "A channel containing perilymph passing through the temporal bone, connecting the scala tympani of the cochlea to the subarachnoid space." [MESH:A.09.246.631.246.280, Wikipedia:Perilymphatic_duct] comment: Editor notes: relationship to FMA class unclear synonym: "cochlear aqueduct" RELATED [MESH:A.09.246.631.246.280] synonym: "ductus perilymphaticus" EXACT [AAO:0000136] synonym: "perilymphatic duct" RELATED [MESH:A.09.246.631.246.280] synonym: "perilymphatic space" RELATED [MA:0000248] xref: AAO:0000136 xref: FMA:77822 xref: MA:0000248 xref: SCTID:368950002 xref: ZFA:0005461 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 {source="MA"} ! internal ear relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001845 ! perilymph [Term] id: UBERON:0011078 name: endolymphatic space xref: FMA:77823 xref: SCTID:279856000 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 ! internal ear relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0001849 {source="Wikipedia"} ! membranous labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0011079 name: angular bone def: "Dermal bone that is located posterior to the dentary and lateral to the articular and retroarticular bones of the lower jaw. The angular forms the outer dermal sheet of the posterior part of the lower jaw. The angular bears a portion of the mandibular sensory canal. The angular is a paired bone." [TAO:0001669, Wikipedia:Angular_bone] comment: The angular fuses with the articular bone in clupeocephalans forming the anguloarticular. synonym: "angular" BROAD [AAO:0000010] synonym: "postoperculare" RELATED [AAO:0000010] synonym: "praearticulare" RELATED [AAO:0000010] xref: AAO:0000010 xref: TAO:0001669 xref: ZFA:0001645 is_a: UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="TAO"} ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="mandibular series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 {source="AAO"} ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011085 name: dorsal pharyngeal arch 1 def: "The dorsal portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the upper jaw." [VHOG:0000511] synonym: "dorsal mandibular arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000511] synonym: "dorsal visceral arch 1" EXACT [ZFA:0001272] synonym: "dorsal visceral arch 1" RELATED [VHOG:0000511] synonym: "palatoquadrate arch" RELATED [VHOG:0000511] synonym: "upper jaw" RELATED [VHOG:0000511] synonym: "upper pharyngeal jaw" EXACT [ZFA:0001272] synonym: "upper pharyngeal jaw" RELATED [VHOG:0000511] xref: EFO:0003659 xref: TAO:0001272 xref: VHOG:0000511 xref: ZFA:0001272 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="ZFA"} ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0004362 {source="VHOG"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0008895 {source="VHOG"} ! splanchnocranium property_value: homology_notes "Subsequent vertebrate evolution has also involved major alterations to the pharynx; perhaps the most notable occurred with the evolution of the gnathostomes. This involved substantial modifications to the most anterior pharyngeal segments, with the jaw forming from the first, anterior, pharyngeal segment, while the second formed its supporting apparatus, the hyoid.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000511", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910133.x Graham A. The development and evolution of the pharyngeal arches. J Anat (2001)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011087 name: pharyngeal arch 7 synonym: "branchial arch 5" RELATED [ZFA:0001610] synonym: "gill arch 5" EXACT [ZFA:0001610] synonym: "visceral arch 7" EXACT [ZFA:0001610] xref: TAO:0001602 xref: ZFA:0001610 is_a: UBERON:0008896 {source="ZFA"} ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0011088 name: ligament of knee joint synonym: "knee joint ligament" EXACT [FMA:44580] xref: FMA:44580 xref: SCTID:182440009 is_a: UBERON:0003577 ! knee connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 intersection_of: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011090 name: skeleton of right pelvic girdle xref: FMA:87593 is_a: UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0011092 intersection_of: UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011092 ! right pelvic girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0011092 ! right pelvic girdle region [Term] id: UBERON:0011091 name: skeleton of left pelvic girdle xref: FMA:87594 is_a: UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0011093 intersection_of: UBERON:0007832 ! skeleton of pelvic girdle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011093 ! left pelvic girdle region relationship: part_of UBERON:0011093 ! left pelvic girdle region [Term] id: UBERON:0011092 name: right pelvic girdle region synonym: "right pelvic girdle" EXACT INCONSISTENT [FMA:16582] xref: FMA:16582 is_a: UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region intersection_of: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0011093 name: left pelvic girdle region synonym: "left pelvic girdle" EXACT INCONSISTENT [FMA:16583] xref: FMA:16583 is_a: UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 intersection_of: UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region intersection_of: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0011094 name: vertebra cartilaginous condensation comment: AO notes: This class is a superclass of individual vertebral cartilage condensations. Note that EHDAA2 represents these as condensation groups synonym: "vertebral cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000584] xref: VHOG:0000584 is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation is_a: UBERON:0010913 ! vertebral element relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011095 ! vertebra pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0011095 name: vertebra pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "vertebral pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [VHOG:0000582] xref: VHOG:0000582 is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column relationship: develops_into UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0011096 name: lacrimal nerve def: "The lacrimal nerve is the smallest of the three branches of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve." [Wikipedia:Lacrimal_nerve] xref: FMA:52628 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Gray787.png xref: SCTID:280218007 is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000348 {source="FMA"} ! ophthalmic nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011104 name: epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone synonym: "fifth metacarpal bone epiphysis" EXACT [FMA:86330] synonym: "metacarpal 5 epiphysis" EXACT [] xref: FMA:86330 is_a: UBERON:0004390 ! epiphysis of metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003649 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003649 ! metacarpal bone of digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0011106 name: cruciate ligament of atlas def: "a cruciate ligament in the neck forming part of the atlanto-axial joint. It consists of the transverse ligament of the atlas, along with additional fibers above and below." [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament_of_the_dens] synonym: "cruciate ligament of dens" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament_of_the_dens] synonym: "cruciform ligament of atlas" EXACT [FMA:25018] synonym: "cruciform ligament of dens" EXACT [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament_of_the_dens] synonym: "ligamentum cruciforme atlantis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Cruciate_ligament_of_the_dens] synonym: "triradiate ligament" RELATED [EMAPA:19010] xref: EMAPA:19010 xref: FMA:25018 xref: SCTID:182362005 is_a: UBERON:0000211 ! ligament relationship: part_of UBERON:0000220 {source="FMA", inconsistent_with="Wikipedia"} ! atlanto-occipital joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011107 name: synovial joint of pelvic girdle synonym: "joint of pelvic girdle" EXACT [] synonym: "pelvic girdle joint" EXACT [FMA:35173] xref: FMA:35173 xref: ncithesaurus:Joint_of_the_Pelvic_Girdle is_a: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint is_a: UBERON:0008114 ! joint of girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 intersection_of: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region relationship: connects UBERON:0007830 ! pelvic girdle bone/zone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001271 ! pelvic girdle region [Term] id: UBERON:0011108 name: synovial joint of pectoral girdle comment: AO notes: in FMA, these are part of the bony pectoral girdle synonym: "pectoral girdle joint" EXACT [FMA:35243] xref: FMA:35243 is_a: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint is_a: UBERON:0008114 ! joint of girdle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 intersection_of: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region relationship: connects UBERON:0007829 ! pectoral girdle bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001421 ! pectoral girdle region [Term] id: UBERON:0011110 name: humeroulnar joint def: "The humeroulnar joint, is part of the elbow-joint or the Olecron Joint, between the ulna and humerus bones is the simple hinge-joint, which allows for movements of flexion, extension and circumduction. The Humero-Ulnar Joint is the junction of trochlear notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus. Owing to the obliquity of the trochlea of the humerus, this movement does not take place in the antero-posterior plane of the body of the humerus. When the forearm is extended and supinated, the axis of the arm and forearm are not in the same line; the arm forms an obtuse angle with the forearm. During flexion, however, the forearm and the hand tend to approach the middle line of the body, and thus enable the hand to be easily carried to the face. The accurate adaptation of the trochlea of the humerus, with its prominences and depressions, to the semilunar notch of the ulna, prevents any lateral movement. Flexion is produced by the action of the Biceps brachii and Brachialis, assisted by the Brachioradialis, with a tiny contribution from the muscles arising from the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Extension is produced by the Triceps brachii and AnconC&us, with a tiny contribution from the muscles arising from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, such as the Extensor digitorum communis." [Wikipedia:Humeroulnar_joint] synonym: "articulatio humeroulnaris" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "humero-ulnar joint" EXACT [FMA:38854] xref: FMA:38854 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray329.png xref: SCTID:303064006 is_a: UBERON:0003839 ! forelimb joint is_a: UBERON:0011139 ! synovial limb joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 relationship: connects UBERON:0001424 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: connects UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 {source="FMA"} ! elbow joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011111 name: humeroradial joint def: "The humeroradial joint, the joint between the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus, is a hinge joint. The bony surfaces would of themselves constitute an enarthrosis and allow movement in all directions, were it not for the annular ligament, by which the head of the radius is bound to the radial notch of the ulna, and which prevents any separation of the two bones laterally. It is to the same ligament that the head of the radius owes its security from dislocation, which would otherwise tend to occur, from the shallowness of the cup-like surface on the head of the radius. In fact, but for this ligament, the tendon of the Biceps brachii would be liable to pull the head of the radius out of the joint. The head of the radius is not in complete contact with the capitulum of the humerus in all positions of the joint. The capitulum occupies only the anterior and inferior surfaces of the lower end of the humerus, so that in complete extension a part of the radial head can be plainly felt projecting at the back of the articulation. In full flexion the movement of the radial head is hampered by the compression of the surrounding soft parts, so that the freest rotatory movement of the radius on the humerus (pronation and supination) takes place in semiflexion, in which position the two articular surfaces are in most intimate contact. Flexion and extension of the elbow-joint are limited by the tension of the structures on the front and back of the joint; the limitation of flexion is also aided by the soft structures of the arm and forearm coming into contact." [Wikipedia:Humeroradial_joint] synonym: "articulatio humeroradialis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Humeroradial_joint] synonym: "humero-radial joint" EXACT [] xref: FMA:38855 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Gray329.png xref: SCTID:182171008 is_a: UBERON:0003839 ! forelimb joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 relationship: connects UBERON:0001423 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: connects UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001490 {source="FMA"} ! elbow joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011112 name: tibiofibular joint def: "A joint that connects the tibia and the fibula." [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Tibiofibular_joint] comment: Editor notes: we include location as part of the logical definition to prevent accidental classification of ankle joints as tibiofibular joints synonym: "fibulatibial joint" EXACT [] synonym: "fibulotibial joint" EXACT [] synonym: "tibiafibular joint" EXACT [] xref: FMA:35181 xref: SCTID:244554002 is_a: UBERON:0002210 {source="FMA"} ! syndesmosis is_a: UBERON:0004174 ! leg joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 relationship: connects UBERON:0001446 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0011113 name: inferior tibiofibular joint def: "The inferior tibiofibular articulation (tibiofibular syndesmosis) is formed by the rough, convex surface of the medial side of the lower end of the fibula, and a rough concave surface on the lateral side of the tibia. Below, to the extent of about 4 mm. these surfaces are smooth, and covered with cartilage, which is continuous with that of the ankle-joint. The ligaments are: Anterior ligament of the lateral malleolus Posterior ligament of the lateral malleolus Inferior transverse ligament of the tibiofibular syndesmosis Interosseous ligament" [Wikipedia:Inferior_tibiofibular_articulation] synonym: "distal tibiofibular joint" EXACT [FMA:10465] synonym: "inferior tibiofibular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_tibiofibular_articulation] synonym: "syndesmosis tibiofibularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "tibiofibular syndesmosis" EXACT [FMA:10465] xref: FMA:10465 xref: SCTID:182209000 is_a: UBERON:0011112 {source="FMA"} ! tibiofibular joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 {notes="lateral side"} ! tibia relationship: connects UBERON:0004410 ! distal epiphysis of fibula [Term] id: UBERON:0011117 name: superior tibiofibular joint def: "The superior tibiofibular articulation is an arthrodial joint between the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head of the fibula. The contiguous surfaces of the bones present flat, oval facets covered with cartilage and connected together by an articular capsule and by anterior and posterior ligaments. When the term \"tibiofibular articulation\" is used without a modifier, it refers to the superior, and not the inferior tibiofibular articulation." [Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint] synonym: "articulatio tibiofibularis" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint] synonym: "proximal tibiofibular joint" EXACT [FMA:35184] synonym: "proximal tibiofibular joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint] synonym: "superior tibiofibular articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint] synonym: "tibiofibular joint" BROAD [Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint] xref: FMA:35184 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Gray347.png/250px-Gray347.png xref: SCTID:182208008 is_a: UBERON:0011112 ! tibiofibular joint relationship: connects UBERON:0008775 relationship: connects UBERON:0009985 intersection_of: UBERON:0011112 ! tibiofibular joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0008775 ! proximal epiphysis of fibula intersection_of: connects UBERON:0009985 ! lateral condyle of femur relationship: connects UBERON:0008775 ! proximal epiphysis of fibula relationship: connects UBERON:0009985 ! lateral condyle of femur [Term] id: UBERON:0011118 name: tarsometatarsal joint def: "The tarsometatarsal articulations are arthrodial joints in the pes. It is also known as the \"Lisfranc joint\". It is named after 18th-19th century surgeon and gynecologist, Jacques Lisfranc de St. Martin." [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations] synonym: "articulationes tarsometatarsales" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations] synonym: "cuboideometatarsal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations] synonym: "lisfranc joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations] synonym: "tarso-metatarsal join" EXACT [] synonym: "tarsometatarsal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations] synonym: "tarsometatarsal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Tarsometatarsal_articulations] xref: FMA:35216 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Gray355.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray358.png xref: SCTID:182222008 is_a: UBERON:0001487 ! joint of pes relationship: connects UBERON:0001447 relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 ! metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0011119 name: carpometacarpal joint def: "The carpometacarpal joints (CMC) are joints in the wrist that articulates the distal row of carpal bones and the proximal bases of the metacarpal bones." [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint] synonym: "articulationes carpometacarpeæ" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint] synonym: "carpometacarpal" BROAD [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint] synonym: "carpometacarpal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint] synonym: "CMJ" BROAD [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint] xref: FMA:35287 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Gray335.png xref: ncithesaurus:Carpometacarpal_Joint xref: SCTID:361842002 is_a: UBERON:0001489 ! manus joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001435 relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001435 ! carpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0011120 name: laryngeal joint synonym: "joint of larynx" EXACT [FMA:55100] synonym: "laryngeal articulation" EXACT [FMA:55100] xref: FMA:55100 is_a: UBERON:0002217 {source="FMA"} ! synovial joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001739 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001739 ! laryngeal cartilage relationship: connects UBERON:0001739 ! laryngeal cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0011121 name: cricothyroid joint def: "The cricoarytenoid articulation (or joint) is a joint connecting the cricoid cartilage and the thyroid cartilage." [Wikipedia:Cricothyroid_articulation] synonym: "crico-thyroid joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cricothyroid_articulation] synonym: "cricothyroid articulation" EXACT [FMA:55101] xref: FMA:55101 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Larynx_external_en.svg xref: ncithesaurus:Cricothyroid_Joint xref: SCTID:361944002 is_a: UBERON:0011120 {source="FMA"} ! laryngeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001738 relationship: connects UBERON:0002375 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage relationship: connects UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage relationship: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 {source="cjm"} ! cranial skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0011122 name: cricoarytenoid joint def: "The cricoarytenoid articulation (or joint) is a joint connecting the cricoid cartilage and the arytenoid cartilage." [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_articulation] synonym: "crico-arytenoid joint" EXACT [FMA:55102] synonym: "crico-arytenoid joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Cricoarytenoid_articulation] synonym: "cricoarytenoid articulation" EXACT [FMA:55102] xref: FMA:55102 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray960.png xref: ncithesaurus:Cricoarytenoid_Joint xref: SCTID:361945001 is_a: UBERON:0011120 {source="FMA"} ! laryngeal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001740 relationship: connects UBERON:0002375 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage relationship: connects UBERON:0001740 ! arytenoid cartilage relationship: connects UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 {source="cjm"} ! cranial skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0011123 name: stifle joint def: "a complex joint in the hind limbs of quadruped mammals such as the sheep, horse or dog. It is the equivalent joint to the human knee. It is often the largest synovial joint in the body." [Wikipedia:Stifle_joint] xref: MESH:A.13.473.683 xref: ncithesaurus:Stifle_Joint xref: SCTID:116010006 is_a: UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: connects UBERON:0002446 ! patella relationship: part_of UBERON:0000978 ! leg [Term] id: UBERON:0011124 name: xiphisternal joint def: "The xiphisternal joint (or xiphisternal synchondrosis) is a location near the bottom of the sternum, where the body of the sternum and the xiphoid process." [Wikipedia:Xiphisternal_joint] synonym: "synchondrosis xiphisternalis" EXACT [FMA:7503] synonym: "xiphisternal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphisternal_joint] synonym: "xiphisternal synchdrondosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Xiphisternal_joint] xref: FMA:7503 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Gray116.png xref: SCTID:118923007 xref: SCTID:118924001 is_a: UBERON:0002216 {source="FMA"} ! symphysis relationship: connects UBERON:0002207 relationship: connects UBERON:0006820 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006820 ! body of sternum relationship: connects UBERON:0002207 ! xiphoid process relationship: connects UBERON:0006820 ! body of sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0011130 name: temporomandibular joint primordium synonym: "temporo-mandibular joint primordium" EXACT [EMAPA:18714] xref: EMAPA:18714 is_a: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001694 {source="EMAPA"} ! petrous part of temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011131 name: intermetacarpal joint def: "Synovial joint between the bases of adjacent metacarpals. Examples: intermetacarpal joint of right second and third metacarpal bones, intermetacarpal joint of right fourth and fifth metacarpal bones." [FMA:35288, Wikipedia:Intermetacarpal_articulations] synonym: "intermetacarpal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intermetacarpal_articulations] synonym: "intermetacarpal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intermetacarpal_articulations] xref: FMA:35288 xref: SCTID:303065007 is_a: UBERON:0001489 ! manus joint relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 {notes="two adjacent metacarpals"} ! metacarpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0002374 {cardinality="2"} ! metacarpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004453 ! metacarpus region [Term] id: UBERON:0011132 name: intercarpal joint def: "The intercarpal articulations (articulations of the carpus) can be subdivided into three sets of articulations: Those of the proximal row of carpal bones, those of the distal row of carpal bones, and those of the two rows with each other." [Wikipedia:Intercarpal_articulations] synonym: "carpal joint" EXACT [FMA:35292] synonym: "intercarpal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercarpal_articulations] synonym: "intercarpal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercarpal_articulations] synonym: "midcarpal articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Intercarpal_articulations] xref: FMA:35292 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Gray336.png xref: ncithesaurus:Carpal_Joint xref: SCTID:182176003 is_a: UBERON:0001489 ! manus joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001435 {cardinality="2"} ! carpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001435 {notes="two adjacent carpals"} ! carpal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004452 {source="FMA"} ! carpal region [Term] id: UBERON:0011133 name: intermetatarsal joint def: "A joint that connects two adjacent metatarsals" [Wikipedia:Intermetatarsal_articulations] comment: In humans: The base of the first metatarsal is not connected with that of the second by any ligaments; in this respect the great toe resembles the thumb[WP] xref: FMA:35219 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Gray358.png xref: SCTID:361868009 is_a: UBERON:0001487 ! joint of pes relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 {cardinality="2"} ! metatarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001448 {notes="two adjacent metatarsals"} ! metatarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0000983 ! metatarsus region [Term] id: UBERON:0011134 name: nonsynovial joint def: "Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments or fibrocartilage without an intervening synovial cavity. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, costochondral joint, pubic symphysis." [FMA:7491] synonym: "solid joint" EXACT [FMA:7491] xref: FMA:7491 is_a: UBERON:0000982 {source="FMA"} ! skeletal joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011135 name: intervertebral cartilage def: "A cartilage element that lies between two successive vertebral centra." [ISBN10:0073040584] xref: AAO:0000795 is_a: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001075 {notes="between two centra"} ! body of vertebra relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001075 {cardinality="2"} ! body of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001468 {source="FMA", source="MA"} ! intervertebral joint property_value: external_definition "Block of cartilage, which usually ossifies, that lies between successive vertebral centra.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000795", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Trueb_1973"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011136 name: ligament of vertebral column def: "ligament that joins successive centra. Important in controlling the stiffness of the vertebral column when it flexes." [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "intervertebral ligament" BROAD [] synonym: "vertebral column ligament" EXACT [FMA:31892] xref: FMA:31892 xref: SCTID:244590009 is_a: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament relationship: part_of UBERON:0001075 intersection_of: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001075 ! body of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001075 ! body of vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001130 ! vertebral column [Term] id: UBERON:0011137 name: axial skeletal system def: "Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the axial skeleton plus associated joints." [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:7483 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0011138 name: post-cranial axial skeletal system def: "Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the post-cranial axial skeleton plus associated joints." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "axial skeletal system" BROAD [UBERONREF:0000008] is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0011139 name: synovial limb joint def: "Any synovial joint that is part of a (free) limb." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Most limb joints are synovial, but a few such as the tibiofibular joints are syndesmoses. synonym: "synovial joint of free limb segment" EXACT [FMA:258776] xref: FMA:258776 is_a: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint is_a: UBERON:0003657 ! limb joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 intersection_of: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb relationship: part_of UBERON:0002101 ! limb [Term] id: UBERON:0011140 name: superficial part of masseter muscle synonym: "masseter, superficial" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "pars superficialis (musculus masseter)" EXACT [FMA:49000] synonym: "pars superficialis of masseter muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "superficial layer of masseter" EXACT [FMA:49000] synonym: "superficial part of masseter" EXACT [FMA:49000] xref: FMA:49000 xref: SCTID:142208007 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: in_superficial_part_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle property_value: external_definition "The superficial masseter is a separable part of the masseter muscle, is superficial to all other masseter muscle parts, and attaches to the mandibular angle.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011141 name: appendicular ossicle def: "Ossicle that is part of the appendicular skeleton." [VSAO:0000131] comment: Examples of appendicular ossicles include the patella and meniscus of the knee joint. synonym: "ossicle of appendicular skeleton" EXACT [Obol:automatic] xref: VSAO:0000131 xref: XAO:0004194 is_a: UBERON:0010911 ! ossicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 intersection_of: UBERON:0010911 ! ossicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011142 name: axial ossicle def: "Ossicle that is part of the axial skeleton." [VSAO:0000133] comment: Examples of axial ossicles include the ossified tendons adjacent to the neural spines of the vertebral column. synonym: "ossicle of axial skeleton" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "ossicle of postcranial-axial skeleton" EXACT [Obol:automatic] synonym: "vertebral ossicle" RELATED [Obol:automatic] xref: VSAO:0000133 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010911 ! ossicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 intersection_of: UBERON:0010911 ! ossicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0002090 ! postcranial axial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011143 name: upper urinary tract def: "Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the kidney and the ureters." [FMA:45658] xref: FMA:45658 xref: galen:UpperUrinaryTract xref: SCTID:181413006 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 {source="FMA"} ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0011144 name: adductor muscle of hip def: "." [Wikipedia:Adductor_muscles_of_the_hip] synonym: "adductor group (leg)" EXACT [MA:0002267] synonym: "muscle of adductor group" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0000030 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Anterior_Hip_Muscles_2.PNG xref: MA:0002267 xref: SCTID:181670005 xref: SCTID:368101007 is_a: UBERON:0010890 ! pelvic complex muscle is_a: UBERON:0011145 ! adductor muscle relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0005465 {notes="a small part of adductor magnus is innervated by the tibial nerve", source="dbpedia"} ! obturator nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001272 ! innominate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010709 ! pelvic complex [Term] id: UBERON:0011145 name: adductor muscle def: "A muscle capable of adduction. Adduction is a movement which brings a part of the anatomy closer to the middle sagittal plane of the body. It is opposed to abduction." [Wikipedia:Adduction, Wikipedia:Adductor_muscle] comment: we place the TAO class here even though it is a cranial muscle; it is defined functionally subset: functional_classification synonym: "adductor" RELATED [] xref: FMA:74998 xref: TAO:0002136 xref: ZFA:0005268 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass cranial muscle (TAO:0001953)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002136", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "A muscle that brings a body part closer to the sagittal plane of the body.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002136", ontology="TAO", source="ZFA:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011146 name: silk gland def: "Any of the glands in silk-spinning insects and spiders that secrete a protein liquid that hardens into silk on exposure to air." [BTO:0001250] xref: BTO:0001250 is_a: UBERON:0002365 {source="BTO"} ! exocrine gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011147 name: Verson's gland def: "A gland found in the larvae of lepidoptera. Each gland is made of three cells: the secretory cell, the reservoir cell and the canal cell." [] is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0007376 ! outer epithelial layer [Term] id: UBERON:0011148 name: submucosal gland def: "Gland of the lamina epithelialis mucosae which perforate the lamina muscularis, with their adenomeres located in the submucosal connective tissue." [BTO:0003751, Wikipedia:Submucosal_glands] xref: BTO:0003751 is_a: UBERON:0000414 ! mucous gland relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003350 relationship: part_of UBERON:0000009 intersection_of: UBERON:0000414 ! mucous gland intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa relationship: part_of UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa [Term] id: UBERON:0011149 name: Marshall's gland def: "A paired organ in the genito-urinary apparatus of Raja (and probably other skates and rays) whose cavity is fluid filled." [http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/Complete%20Dictionary.htm] synonym: "alkaline gland" RELATED [BTO:0001661] xref: BTO:0001661 is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001008 {source="BTO"} ! excretory system [Term] id: UBERON:0011150 name: pharyngeal arch derived gill subset: uberon_slim synonym: "branchia" RELATED [BTO:0000518] synonym: "gills" RELATED PLURAL [VHOG:0001214] xref: AAO:0010171 xref: BTO:0000518 xref: EFO:0000933 xref: GAID:1218 xref: MAT:0000134 xref: MIAA:0000134 xref: ncithesaurus:Gill xref: OpenCyc:Mx4rvVi9dZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA xref: TAO:0000354 xref: VHOG:0001214 xref: XAO:0000120 xref: ZFA:0000354 is_a: UBERON:0002535 ! gill is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0008894 {source="XAO"} ! gill precursor property_value: external_definition "Anatomical structure consisting of a series of membranes which allow dissolved oxygen from the water to pass into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to pass out of the bloodstream.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010171", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BJB"} property_value: external_definition "The respiratory organ of most aquatic animals that breathe water to obtain oxygen, consisting of a filamentous structure of vascular membranes across which dissolved gases are exchanged. [Free_Online_Dictionary]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001214", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/", source="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/gill"} property_value: homology_notes "Gill slits in the pharyngeal region of the intestine, which are also present in (at least) tunicates and acranians, are taken over to the craniote ancestor.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001214", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0198566694 Schmidt-Rhaesa A, The evolution of organ systems (2007) p.209", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011151 name: jaw depressor muscle def: "A muscle whose action is to depress the lower jaw." [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436] comment: Taxon notes: In amphibians, "Muscle that pulls the hyoid apparatus forward and depresses the lower jaw." [AAO:0010655]. "The protractor hyoideus muscle in teleosts is commonly, albeit mistakenly, referred to as the geniohyoideus muscle, which is involved in the coracomandibularis coupling. According to Edgeworth (1935) and Winterbottom (1974), the protractor hyoideus is composed of a fusion of the intermandibularis posterior and the interhyoideus muscles which resulted in the protractor hyoideus which spans the hyoid and mandible. The intermandibularis spans the mandible while the closely apposed interhyoideus spans the hyoid in other fishes. Furthermore, they concluded that any muscle that is homologous to the geniohyoideus (coracomandibularis coupling) in other lower vertebrates has been lost in teleosts, as well as gars. However, the protractor hyoideus muscle is functionally analogous to the coracomandibularis coupling of other vertebrates and so we use it in our discussion to show the phylogenetically broad roles of these couplings in jaw mechanics."[doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436] synonym: "branchiomandibularis" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436] synonym: "coracomandibularis" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436] synonym: "depressor gnathalis" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436] synonym: "geniohyoideus" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436, TAO:0000612] synonym: "geniohyoideus muscle" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436] synonym: "geniothoracis" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436] synonym: "protractor hyoidei" NARROW PLURAL [TAO:0000612] synonym: "protractor hyoideus" NARROW SENSU [doi:10.1006/bijl.2000.0436] xref: AAO:0010655 xref: TAO:0000612 xref: XAO:0004127 is_a: UBERON:0005493 ! hyoid muscle property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: subclass hyobranchial muscles (AAO:0000224)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010655", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_comment "Source: Winterbottom, R. 1973. A Descriptive Synonymy of the Striated Muscles of the Teleostei. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Vol. 125 (1973), pp. 225-317.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000612", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Muscle located on ventral side of the head, linking the ventral hyoid arch to the dentary. Innervated by ramus mandibularis V and ramus hyoides VII.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000612", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: external_definition "Muscle that pulls the hyoid apparatus forward and depresses the lower jaw.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010655", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:BMZ"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011152 name: dorsal hyoid arch skeleton synonym: "dorsal hyoid arch" EXACT [ZFA:0001401] synonym: "dorsal pharyngeal arch 2 skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsal visceral arch 2" EXACT [ZFA:0001401] xref: AAO:0010371 xref: TAO:0001401 xref: XAO:0003178 xref: ZFA:0001401 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0005884 {source="AAO"} ! hyoid arch skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011153 name: ventral hyoid arch skeleton synonym: "ventral hyoid arch" EXACT [ZFA:0001402] synonym: "ventral pharyngeal arch 2 skeleton" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral visceral arch 2" EXACT [ZFA:0001402] xref: AAO:0010372 xref: TAO:0001402 xref: XAO:0003179 xref: ZFA:0001402 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0005884 {source="AAO"} ! hyoid arch skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011154 name: gular region def: "Surface structure that extends from the chin covering pharynx and larynx." [] xref: TAO:0002286 is_a: UBERON:0003102 {source="TAO"} ! surface structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007811 ! craniocervical region property_value: external_definition "Surface structure that is the region between the chin and the isthmus. (from http://www.briancoad.com/Dictionary/introduction.htm).[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002286", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011155 name: sylvian cistern def: "The subarachnoid space associated with the lateral cerebral sulcus (Sylvian fissure); contains the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery and the origin of lenticulostriate arteries, and proximal parts of the middle cerebral artery" [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?Sylvian+cistern] xref: ncithesaurus:Sylvian_Cistern is_a: UBERON:0004050 ! subarachnoid cistern relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002721 ! lateral sulcus [Term] id: UBERON:0011156 name: facial skeleton def: "Subdivision of skull that consists of the facial bones." [http://www.bartleby.com/107/37.html, MP:0005274, UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton] synonym: "facial bone" RELATED [MA:0000318] synonym: "facial skeleton" EXACT [FMA:53673] synonym: "ossa facialia" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton] synonym: "ossa faciei" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Facial_skeleton] synonym: "viscerocranium" RELATED INCONSISTENT [MA:0000318] xref: EHDAA2:0002206 xref: EHDAA:8361 xref: EMAPA:18022 xref: FMA:53673 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg xref: MA:0000318 is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011158 {source="FMA"} ! primary subdivision of skull relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="PMID:11523816"} ! neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 {source="FMA"} ! face [Term] id: UBERON:0011157 name: cuneiform cartilage def: "The cuneiform cartilages of the larynx are two small, elongated pieces of yellow elastic cartilage, placed one on either side, in the aryepiglottic fold, where they give rise to small whitish elevations on the surface of the mucous membrane, just in front of the arytenoid cartilages." [Wikipedia:Cuneiform_cartilages] comment: AAO def: "Independent cartilage that may occur dorsal or anterior to the prominentiae apicales dorsales of the arytenoid cartilages." synonym: "cartilage of Morgagni" EXACT [FMA:55111] synonym: "cartilage of Wrisberg" EXACT [FMA:55111] synonym: "cartilagines cuneiformes" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Cuneiform_cartilages] synonym: "cartilago apicalis intermedia" RELATED [AAO:0000690] synonym: "cartilago apicalis seu cartilago Santoriniana" RELATED [AAO:0000690] synonym: "Wrisbergi cartilage" EXACT [AAO:0000690] xref: AAO:0000690 xref: FMA:55111 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Gray956.png xref: SCTID:264456009 is_a: UBERON:0001739 {source="FMA"} ! laryngeal cartilage is_a: UBERON:0001996 {source="Wikipedia"} ! elastic cartilage tissue is_a: UBERON:0003406 ! cartilage of respiratory system is_a: UBERON:0003583 ! larynx connective tissue property_value: external_definition "Independent cartilage that may occur dorsal or anterior to the prominentiae apicales dorsales of the arytenoid cartilages.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000690", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011158 name: primary subdivision of skull def: "The skull can be divided into two: the neurocranium and the facial skeleton" [] subset: non_informative synonym: "skull subdivision" EXACT [FMA:54964] synonym: "subdivision of skull" EXACT [FMA:54964] xref: FMA:54964 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003129 ! skull [Term] id: UBERON:0011159 name: primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system subset: non_informative is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0010323 ! cranial skeletal system [Term] id: UBERON:0011160 name: nasal suture def: "a suture joining a nasal bone to another bone." [] xref: SCTID:368992007 is_a: UBERON:0009199 ! facial suture relationship: connects UBERON:0001681 intersection_of: UBERON:0009199 ! facial suture intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011161 name: spheno-occipital synchondrosis def: "the cartilaginous junction between the basisphenoid and basioccipital bones of the mammalian skull that in humans is usually closed by the age of 25" [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/spheno-occipital%20synchondrosis] xref: FMA:54818 xref: SCTID:140895003 is_a: UBERON:0001725 ! cranial synchondrosis relationship: connects UBERON:0001692 relationship: connects UBERON:0006428 intersection_of: UBERON:0001725 ! cranial synchondrosis intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001692 ! basioccipital bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006428 ! basisphenoid bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001692 ! basioccipital bone relationship: connects UBERON:0006428 ! basisphenoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011162 name: supraoccipital cartilaginous condensation synonym: "non-squamous part of supraoccipital bone" RELATED [EMAPA:18341] synonym: "supra-occipital cartilage condensation" EXACT [] synonym: "supraoccipital cartilage condensation" EXACT [EMAPA:18341] xref: EMAPA:18341 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004747 intersection_of: UBERON:0005863 ! cartilaginous condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0004747 ! supraoccipital bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011163 ! supraoccipital pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004747 ! supraoccipital bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 ! chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0011163 name: supraoccipital pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "supra-occipital pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001963] xref: EHDAA2:0001963 xref: EHDAA:9534 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004747 intersection_of: UBERON:0005866 ! pre-cartilage condensation intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0004747 ! supraoccipital bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009617 {source="EHDAA2-inferred"} ! head paraxial mesoderm relationship: develops_into UBERON:0004747 ! supraoccipital bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="EHDAA2"} ! chondrocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0011164 name: neurocranium bone def: "A bone that is part of a neurocranium [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "chondrocranium bone" EXACT [MA:0001478] xref: MA:0001478 xref: SCTID:120229002 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004766 ! cranial bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001703 ! neurocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0011165 name: crico-esophageal tendon def: "Longitudinal fibers of the esophagus that attaches to the posterior aspect of the cricoid cartilage of the larynx" [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=90131] synonym: "crico-oesophageal tendon" EXACT [] synonym: "cricoesophageal tendon" EXACT [] synonym: "Gillette suspensory ligament" RELATED [http://www.medilexicon.com/] synonym: "suspensory ligament of esophagus" RELATED [http://www.medilexicon.com/] synonym: "tendo cricoesophageus" EXACT [http://www.medilexicon.com/] xref: FMA:76887 xref: ncithesaurus:Cricoesophageal_Tendon xref: SCTID:322841005 is_a: UBERON:0008845 {source="FMA"} ! nonskeletal ligament relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002375 ! cricoid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0011166 name: patellofemoral joint synonym: "femorapatellar joint" EXACT [] synonym: "femoropatellar joint" EXACT [] xref: FMA:43574 xref: galen:PatelloFemoralJoint xref: SCTID:182202009 is_a: UBERON:0004174 ! leg joint is_a: UBERON:0011139 {source="FMA"} ! synovial limb joint relationship: connects UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: connects UBERON:0002446 ! patella relationship: part_of UBERON:0001485 ! knee joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011167 name: septomaxilla bone def: "Paired, intramembranous bones located within the nasal capsules and embedded in the nasal cartilages; it is pierced by the ductus nasolacrimalis." [AAO:0000556] comment: A small dermal bone of the facial series that is often absent; when present it is usually sunken beneath the surface bones and aids in forming the nasal cavity synonym: "internasale" RELATED [AAO:0000556] synonym: "intranasal" RELATED [AAO:0000556] synonym: "lacrimale" RELATED [AAO:0000556] synonym: "le cornet" RELATED [AAO:0000556] synonym: "nariale" RELATED [AAO:0000556] synonym: "nasale" RELATED [AAO:0000556] synonym: "os internasale" RELATED [AAO:0000556] synonym: "os nariale" RELATED [AAO:0000556] synonym: "septomaxilla" EXACT [AAO:0000556] synonym: "septomaxillary" RELATED [AAO:0000556] synonym: "turbinale" RELATED [AAO:0000556] xref: AAO:0000556 is_a: UBERON:0000020 ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0006813 {source="AAO"} ! nasal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011168 name: postfrontal bone def: "a bone behind and above the orbit of which it commonly forms part of the border that is present in many vertebrates and corresponds to the postorbital process of the frontal bone of various birds and mammals " [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/postfrontal] synonym: "postfrontal" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="Kardong"} ! dermal bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 {source="Kardong"} ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="orbital series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:8570 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011169 name: postorbital bone def: "The postorbital is one of the bones in vertebrate skulls which forms a portion of the dermal skull roof and, sometimes, a ring about the orbit. Generally, it is located behind the postfrontal and posteriorly to the orbital fenestra. In some vertebrates, the postorbital is fused with the postfrontal to create a postorbitofrontal." [Wikipedia:Postorbital_bone] synonym: "postorbital" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="Kardong"} ! dermal bone relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001697 {source="Kardong"} ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="orbital series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011156 ! facial skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011170 name: quadrate-articular joint def: "A skeletal joint that connects quadrate and articular bones." [http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evograms_05, UBERON:cjm] comment: Usage notes: see comments for UBERON:0004744 articular/anguloarticular. Taxon notes: over time, the synapsids' quadrate-articular jaw joint (which the rest of the tetrapods possess) was replaced by a dentary-squamosal joint (which all living mammals possess), while the quadrate and articular migrated, shrank, and became part of the complex of middle ear bones.[http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evograms_05] synonym: "quadrate-anguloarticular joint" RELATED [ZFA:0005484] xref: TAO:0001802 xref: ZFA:0005484 is_a: UBERON:0011171 ! jaw joint relationship: connects UBERON:0004744 relationship: connects UBERON:0006597 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0004744 ! articular/anguloarticular intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006597 ! quadrate bone relationship: connects UBERON:0004744 ! articular/anguloarticular relationship: connects UBERON:0006597 ! quadrate bone property_value: external_definition "Joint that articulates quadrate and anguloarticular bones. Quadrate-articular joint is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001802", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32525 {source="http://evolution.berkeley.edu"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011171 name: jaw joint def: "Skeletal joint that articulates bones of upper and lower jaw." [http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evograms_05, UBERON:cjm] comment: Some synapsids retained two pairs of jaw joints - quadrate-articular and tempero-mandibular, but this unusual paired condition did not last long[http://evolution.berkeley.edu] is_a: UBERON:0002217 {source="abduced"} ! synovial joint relationship: connects UBERON:0003277 relationship: connects UBERON:0003278 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw relationship: connects UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw relationship: connects UBERON:0003278 ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011172 name: retrorubral area def: "The term retrorubral area refers to a region of the rat brain caudal to the red nucleus and caudal and dorsal to the ventral tegmental area identified by Nissl stain in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Hof-2000; Paxinos-2001 ). It is one of three parts of the midbrain reticular nucleus; the other two are the magnocellular part of the midbrain reticular nucleus and the parvicellular part of the midbrain reticular nucleus ( Swanson-2004 ). Some authors restrict its definition to the part of the retrorubral area where dopaminergic cells of the A8 cell group are prominent" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=1049] synonym: "A8" BROAD [NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090301] synonym: "midbrain reticular nucleus, retrorubral area" EXACT [ABA:RR] synonym: "retrorubal field" BROAD [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/] xref: ABA:RR xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:nlx_anat_20090301 is_a: UBERON:0002635 ! regional part of midbrain tegmentum relationship: part_of UBERON:0007415 {source="Obol"} ! nucleus of midbrain reticular formation [Term] id: UBERON:0011173 name: anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis def: "The term anterior nuclei of stria terminalis refers to one of two divisions of the nuclei of stria terminalis based on topology, connectivity and multiple stains in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Dong-2004 ). The other division consists of the posterior nuclei of stria terminalis. The anterior division includes the anterolateral area of stria terminalis, anteromedial area of stria terminalis, oval nucleus of stria terminalis, juxtacapsular nucleus of stria terminalis, rhomboid nucleus of stria terminalis, dorsomedial nucleus of stria terminalis, fusiform nucleus of stria terminalis, ventral nucleus of stria terminalis, and the magnocellular nucleus of stria terminalis" [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=2753] synonym: "anterior division" BROAD [MA:0000926] synonym: "anterior nuclei of stria terminalis" EXACT [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, anterior division" EXACT [ABA:BSTa] xref: ABA:BSTa xref: MA:0000926 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001880 {source="MA"} ! bed nucleus of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011175 name: fusiform nucleus of stria terminalis def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3218] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, anterior division, fusiform nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTfu] synonym: "fusiform nucleus" BROAD [MA:0000927] xref: ABA:BSTfu xref: MA:0000927 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011173 {source="MA"} ! anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011176 name: oval nucleus of stria terminalis def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3214] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, anterior division, oval nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTov] synonym: "oval nucleus" EXACT [MA:0000929] xref: ABA:BSTov xref: MA:0000929 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011173 {source="MA"} ! anterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011177 name: posterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis def: "The term posterior nuclei of stria terminalis refers to one of two divisions of the nuclei of stria terminalis based on topology, connectivity and multiple stains in the rat ( Swanson-2004 ) and the mouse ( Dong-2004 ). The other division consists of the anterior nuclei of stria terminalis. The posterior division includes the principal nucleus of stria terminalis, interfascicular nucleus of stria terminalis, transverse nucleus of stria terminalis, premedullary nucleus of stria terminalis, dorsal nucleus of stria terminalis, the strial extension of stria terminalis, and the cell sparse zone of stria terminalis." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/CentralDirectory.aspx?ID=2754] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, posterior division" EXACT [ABA:BSTp] synonym: "posterior division" BROAD [MA:0000930] synonym: "posterior nuclei of stria terminalis" EXACT [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu] xref: ABA:BSTp xref: MA:0000930 is_a: UBERON:0002791 ! regional part of telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001880 {source="MA"} ! bed nucleus of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011178 name: principal nucleus of stria terminalis def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3221] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, posterior division, principal nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTpr] synonym: "principal nucleus" BROAD [MA:0000931] xref: ABA:BSTpr xref: MA:0000931 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011177 {source="MA"} ! posterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011179 name: transverse nucleus of stria terminalis def: "." [http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=3223] synonym: "bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, posterior division, transverse nucleus" EXACT [ABA:BSTtr] synonym: "transverse nucleus" BROAD [MA:0000932] xref: ABA:BSTtr xref: MA:0000932 is_a: UBERON:0009663 ! telencephalic nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011177 {source="MA"} ! posterior division of bed nuclei of stria terminalis [Term] id: UBERON:0011183 name: corpus spongiosum of penis def: "Corpus spongiosum (also known as corpus cavernosum urethrae in older texts) is the mass of spongy tissue surrounding the male urethra within the penis." [Wikipedia:Corpus_spongiosum_penis] comment: Function notes: The function of the corpus spongiosum in erection is to prevent the urethra from pinching closed, thereby maintaining the urethra as a viable channel for ejaculation. To do this, the corpus spongiosum remains pliable during erection while the corpora cavernosum penis becomes engorged with blood.[WP] synonym: "corpus cavernosum urethra" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:Corpus_spongiosum_penis] synonym: "corpus cavernosum urethrae" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:Corpus_spongiosum_penis] synonym: "corpus spongiosum" RELATED [Wikipedia:Corpus_spongiosum_penis] synonym: "spongiose body of penis" EXACT [FMA:19617] xref: EMAPA:29850 xref: EMAPA:29856 xref: FMA:19617 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Gray1155.png xref: ncithesaurus:Corpus_Spongiosum xref: SCTID:279712008 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0008324 ! erectile tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000989 ! penis relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000057 ! urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0011184 name: epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn comment: Note that FMA has classes for subdivisions of this epithelium synonym: "crypt epithelium" EXACT [] xref: ncithesaurus:Crypt_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0001277 ! intestinal epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001983 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001983 ! crypt of lieberkuhn relationship: part_of UBERON:0001983 ! crypt of lieberkuhn [Term] id: UBERON:0011185 name: gastrointestinal sphincter def: "A sphincter muscle that is part of the gastrointestinal system" [OBOL:automatic] xref: ncithesaurus:Gastrointestinal_Sphincter is_a: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 intersection_of: UBERON:0004590 ! sphincter muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0005409 ! gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0011186 name: Krause's gland def: "small, mucous accessory lacrimal glands that are found underneath the eyelid where the upper and lower conjuctivae meet. Their ducts unite into a rather long sinus which open into the fornix conjunctiva. There are approximately forty Krause glands in the region of the upper eyelid, and around 6 to 8 in the region of the lower lid. The function of these glands are to produce tears which are secreted onto the surface of the conjuctiva" [Wikipedia:Krause's_glands] synonym: "accessory lacrimal gland" BROAD [FMA:59056] synonym: "conjunctival gland" BROAD [FMA:59056] synonym: "Krause gland" EXACT [FMA:59056] xref: FMA:59056 xref: ncithesaurus:Gland_of_Krause xref: SCTID:23492003 xref: SCTID:278359007 is_a: UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001351 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! lacrimal sac [Term] id: UBERON:0011187 name: greater tubercle of humerus def: "The greater tubercle of the humerus is situated lateral to the head of the humerus and posteriolateral to the lesser tubercle. Its upper surface is rounded and marked by three flat impressions. the highest of these gives (\"superior facet\") insertion to the Supraspinatus the middle (\"middle facet\") to the Infraspinatus. the lowest one (\"inferior facet\"), and the body of the bone for about 2.5 cm. below it, to the Teres minor. The lateral surface of the greater tubercle is convex, rough, and continuous with the lateral surface of the body. Between the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle is the intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)." [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle] synonym: "greater tubercle" EXACT [FMA:23390] synonym: "greater tubercle of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle] synonym: "greater tuberosity" RELATED [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle] synonym: "greater tuberosity of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23390] synonym: "tuberculum majus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "tuberculum majus humeri" EXACT [Wikipedia:Greater_tubercle] xref: FMA:23390 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Gray326.png xref: ncithesaurus:Greater_Tuberosity xref: SCTID:181934009 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005813 {source="FMA"} ! tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004411 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0011188 name: lesser tubercle of humerus def: "The lesser tubercle of the humerus, although smaller, is more prominent than the greater tubercle: it is situated in front, and is directed medially and anteriorly. Above and in front it presents an impression for the insertion of the tendon of the Subscapularis." [Wikipedia:Lesser_tubercle] synonym: "lesser tubercle" EXACT [FMA:23393] synonym: "lesser tubercle of humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lesser_tubercle] synonym: "lesser tubercle of the humerus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lesser_tubercle] synonym: "lesser tuberosity of humerus" EXACT [FMA:23393] synonym: "tuberculum minus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:23393 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Tuberculumminushumeri.png xref: ncithesaurus:Lesser_Tuberosity xref: SCTID:181935005 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005813 {source="FMA"} ! tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004411 {source="FMA"} ! proximal epiphysis of humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0011189 name: lamina propria of large intestine synonym: "lamina propria of mucosa of large intestine" EXACT [FMA:15654] synonym: "large intestinal lamina propria" EXACT [] synonym: "large intestine lamina propria" EXACT [FMA:15654] xref: FMA:15654 xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Lamina_Propria is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004780 ! gastrointestinal system lamina propria relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0000030 ! lamina propria intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001207 {source="FMA"} ! mucosa of large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0011190 name: lunule of nail def: "A crescent-shaped whitish area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail. The lunula is the visible part of the nail matrix (i.e. the root of the nail)." [Wikipedia:unula_(anatomy)] synonym: "lunula" EXACT [] synonym: "nail lunule" EXACT [FMA:77858] xref: FMA:77858 xref: ncithesaurus:Lunula xref: SCTID:300538005 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001705 ! nail [Term] id: UBERON:0011191 name: ophthalmic vein def: "Ophthalmic veins are veins which drain the eye. More specifically, they can refer to: Superior ophthalmic vein Inferior ophthalmic vein" [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_veins] synonym: "opthalmic vein" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004113] synonym: "vena ophthalmica" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ophthalmic_veins] xref: EHDAA2:0004113 xref: EMAPA:19313 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray572.png xref: XAO:0004169 is_a: UBERON:0009141 {source="EHDAA2-modified"} ! craniocervical region vein [Term] id: UBERON:0011192 name: superior ophthalmic vein def: "The superior ophthalmic vein begins at the inner angle of the orbit in a vein named the nasofrontal which communicates anteriorly with the angular vein; it pursues the same course as the ophthalmic artery, and receives tributaries corresponding to the branches of that vessel. Forming a short single trunk, it passes between the two heads of the Rectus lateralis and through the medial part of the superior orbital fissure, and ends in the cavernous sinus. The ethmoidal veins drain into the superior ophthalmic vein. Vorticose veins also drain into the superior ophthalmic vein." [Wikipedia:Superior_ophthalmic_vein] synonym: "anterior ethmoidal vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_ophthalmic_vein] synonym: "posterior ethmoidal vein" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_ophthalmic_vein] synonym: "superior ophthalmic" RELATED [Wikipedia:Superior_ophthalmic_vein] synonym: "superior opthalmic vein" RELATED [] xref: FMA:51246 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray572.png xref: SCTID:149481004 is_a: UBERON:0011191 ! ophthalmic vein [Term] id: UBERON:0011193 name: inferior ophthalmic vein def: "The inferior ophthalmic vein begins in a venous net-work at the forepart of the floor and medial wall of the orbit; it receives some vorticose veins and other veins from the Rectus inferior, Obliquus inferior, lacrimal sac and eyelids, runs backward in the lower part of the orbit and divides into two branches. One of these passes through the inferior orbital fissure and joins the pterygoid venous plexus, while the other enters the cranium through the superior orbital fissure and ends in the cavernous sinus, either by a separate opening, or more frequently in common with the superior ophthalmic vein." [Wikipedia:Inferior_ophthalmic_vein] synonym: "inferior ophthalmic" RELATED [Wikipedia:Inferior_ophthalmic_vein] synonym: "inferior opthalmic vein" RELATED [] xref: FMA:51247 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Gray572.png xref: SCTID:149986001 is_a: UBERON:0011191 ! ophthalmic vein [Term] id: UBERON:0011194 name: ophthalmic plexus def: "An autonomic plexus, entering the orbit in company with the ophthalmic artery, derived from the internal carotid plexus." [http://www.encyclo.co.uk/define/ophthalmic%20plexus] synonym: "ophthalmic nerve plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "ophthalmic plexus" EXACT [MA:0002185] synonym: "opthalmic plexus" EXACT [] synonym: "plexus ophthalmicus" EXACT LATIN [] xref: MA:0002185 xref: ncithesaurus:Ophthalmic_Plexus is_a: UBERON:0001810 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0011195 name: inferior parathyroid epithelium xref: EHDAA2:0000824 xref: EHDAA:3868 is_a: UBERON:0011197 ! parathyroid epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006755 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006755 ! inferior parathyroid gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010025 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006755 ! inferior parathyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011196 name: superior parathyroid epithelium xref: EHDAA2:0001957 xref: EHDAA:3874 is_a: UBERON:0011197 ! parathyroid epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0006749 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006749 ! superior parathyroid gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007125 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pharyngeal pouch 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0006749 ! superior parathyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011197 name: parathyroid epithelium xref: ncithesaurus:Parathyroid_Gland_Epithelial_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0000486 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! multilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001132 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004117 ! pharyngeal pouch relationship: part_of UBERON:0001132 ! parathyroid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011198 name: muscle layer of large intestine synonym: "muscular coat of large intestine" EXACT [FMA:14971] synonym: "muscular layer of large intestine" EXACT [FMA:14971] synonym: "muscularis externa of large intestine" EXACT [FMA:14971] synonym: "tunica muscularis intestini crassi" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:14971 xref: ncithesaurus:Large_Intestinal_Muscular_Coat is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0000059 ! large intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001169 {source="FMA"} ! wall of large intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0011199 name: prostatic utricle def: "a small indentation located in the prostatic urethra, at the apex of the urethral crest, on the seminal colliculus (verumontanum), laterally flanked by openings of the ejaculatory ducts. It is also known as the vagina masculina or (in older literature) vesicula prostatica. It is often described as \"blind,\" meaning that it is a duct that does not lead to any other structures. It can sometimes be enlarged." [Wikipedia:Prostatic_utricle] synonym: "sinus pocularis" EXACT [FMA:19702] synonym: "uterus masculinus" EXACT [FMA:19702] synonym: "uterus masculinus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Prostatic_utricle] synonym: "utricle of prostate" EXACT [FMA:19702] synonym: "utriculus of prostate" EXACT [FMA:19702] synonym: "utriculus prostaticus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Prostatic_utricle] synonym: "vagina masculina" EXACT [FMA:19702] synonym: "vagina masculina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Prostatic_utricle] synonym: "vesicula prostatica" RELATED [Wikipedia:Prostatic_utricle] xref: FMA:19702 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Gray1153.png xref: ncithesaurus:Prostatic_Utricle xref: SCTID:197909004 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001335 {source="FMA"} ! prostatic urethra [Term] id: UBERON:0011200 name: sacrococcygeal symphysis def: "The sacrococcygeal symphysis (sacrococcygeal articulation, articulation of the sacrum and coccyx) is an amphiarthrodial joint, formed between the oval surface at the apex of the sacrum, and the base of the coccyx. It is a slightly moveable joint which is frequently, partially or completely, obliterated in old age, homologous with the joints between the bodies of the vertebrae." [Wikipedia:Sacrococcygeal_symphysis] synonym: "sacrococcygeal joint" EXACT [FMA:16210] synonym: "sacrococcygeal joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sacrococcygeal_symphysis] xref: FMA:16210 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Gray320.png xref: ncithesaurus:Sacrococcygeal_Joint is_a: UBERON:0001468 {source="FMA"} ! intervertebral joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001350 relationship: connects UBERON:0003690 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum relationship: connects UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx relationship: connects UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum [Term] id: UBERON:0011201 name: muscle layer of small intestine synonym: "muscular coat of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14932] synonym: "muscular layer of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14932] synonym: "muscularis externa of small intestine" EXACT [FMA:14932] synonym: "small intestine muscularis propria" EXACT [FMA:14932] synonym: "tunica muscularis (intestinum tenue)" EXACT [FMA:14932] synonym: "tunica muscularis intestini tenuis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:14932 xref: ncithesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Muscular_Coat xref: SCTID:362145004 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001168 {source="FMA"} ! wall of small intestine relationship: part_of UBERON:0002108 ! small intestine [Term] id: UBERON:0011202 name: urachus epithelium xref: EHDAA2:0004725 xref: ncithesaurus:Urachal_Epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003914 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial tube is_a: UBERON:0005911 ! endo-epithelium is_a: UBERON:0006555 ! excretory tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0002068 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus [Term] id: UBERON:0011203 name: urachus mesenchyme xref: EHDAA2:0004726 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0007524 {source="EHDAA2"} ! dense mesenchyme tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002068 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002068 ! urachus [Term] id: UBERON:0011204 name: rectovesical pouch def: "Between the rectum and the bladder the peritoneal cavity forms, in the male, a pouch, the rectovesical excavation (or rectovesical pouch), the bottom of which is slightly below the level of the upper ends of the vesiculae seminalesbi. e. , about 7.5 cm. from the orifice of the anus. its lowest part membranous partition called Rectoprostatic fascia. The corresponding structure in women is the rectouterine pouch." [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch] synonym: "excavatio rectovesicalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "excavatio rectovesicalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch] synonym: "recto-vesical pouch" EXACT [FMA:14727] synonym: "rectovesical" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch] synonym: "rectovesical excavation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch] synonym: "rectovesical pouch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch] synonym: "rectovesical space" EXACT [FMA:14727] synonym: "retrovesical excavation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Recto-vesical_pouch] xref: FMA:14727 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Gray1228.png xref: ncithesaurus:Recto-Vesical_Pouch xref: SCTID:261416006 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002358 ! peritoneum [Term] id: UBERON:0011205 name: carpometacarpus def: "The carpometacarpus is the fusion of the carpal and metacarpal bone, essentially a single fused bone between the wrist and the knuckles. It is a smallish bone in most birds, generally flattened and with a large hole in the middle. In flightless birds, however, its shape may be slightly different, or it might be absent entirely." [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpus] synonym: "carpometacarpus bone" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0005897 ! manus bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001442 ! skeleton of manus property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0001435 property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0002374 [Term] id: UBERON:0011206 name: hinge joint def: "A joint that allows motion around an axis." [BTO:0004707, Wikipedia:Hinge_joint] synonym: "ginglymus" RELATED [BTO:0004707] xref: BTO:0004707 xref: galen:HingeJoint xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Gelenke_Zeichnung01.jpg xref: SCTID:335391000 is_a: UBERON:0000982 {source="BTO"} ! skeletal joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011207 name: iliocostalis lumborum def: "The iliocostalis lumborum (iliocostalis muscle; sacrolumbalis muscle) is inserted, by six or seven flattened tendons, into the inferior borders of the angles of the lower six or seven ribs." [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis#Iliocostalis_lumborum] synonym: "sacrolumbalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis] synonym: "sacrolumbalis muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliocostalis] xref: FMA:22702 xref: SCTID:244855009 is_a: UBERON:0002251 {source="FMA"} ! iliocostalis muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011208 name: medial migration pathway NC-derived mesenchyme synonym: "medial migration pathway" RELATED [] synonym: "medial migration pathway mesenchyme" EXACT [ZFA:0000786] xref: EHDAA2:0001075 xref: EHDAA:1747 xref: EMAPA:16597 xref: TAO:0000786 xref: ZFA:0000786 is_a: UBERON:0011210 ! migration pathway NC-derived mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0011209 name: lateral migration pathway NC-derived mesenchyme synonym: "lateral migration pathway" RELATED [] synonym: "lateral migration pathway mesenchyme" EXACT [ZFA:0000992] xref: EHDAA2:0000915 xref: EHDAA:1745 xref: EMAPA:16596 xref: TAO:0000992 xref: ZFA:0000992 is_a: UBERON:0011210 ! migration pathway NC-derived mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0011210 name: migration pathway NC-derived mesenchyme synonym: "migration pathway mesenchyme" EXACT [] synonym: "NC migration pathway" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0007214 ! mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest is_a: UBERON:0007530 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! migrating mesenchyme population relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007214 {source="ZFA-abduced", source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0007214 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0011213 name: root of vagus nerve comment: FMA distinguishes between roots and rootlets - we mix the two here synonym: "rootlet of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:6213] synonym: "rX" BROAD [ZFA:0007011] synonym: "vagal root" EXACT [ZFA:0007011] synonym: "vagus nerve root" EXACT [NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1456] synonym: "vagus neural rootlet" RELATED [FMA:6213] synonym: "vagus root" EXACT [ZFA:0007011] xref: FMA:6213 xref: NIF_GrossAnatomy:birnlex_1456 xref: ZFA:0007011 is_a: UBERON:0004732 ! segmental subdivision of nervous system is_a: UBERON:0006843 ! root of cranial nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001759 intersection_of: UBERON:0006843 ! root of cranial nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011214 name: nucleus of midbrain tectum synonym: "nucleus of tectum" EXACT [FMA:258766] synonym: "tectal nucleus" BROAD [] xref: FMA:258766 is_a: UBERON:0002966 ! regional part of midbrain tectum is_a: UBERON:0009661 ! midbrain nucleus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 intersection_of: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002314 ! midbrain tectum [Term] id: UBERON:0011215 name: cell part cluster of neuraxis subset: upper_level synonym: "neuraxis layer" EXACT [FMA:83143] xref: FMA:83143 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005162 ! multi cell component structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 intersection_of: UBERON:0005162 ! multi cell component structure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011216 name: organ system subdivision def: "Anatomical structure, which consists of a specific set of the members of (predominantly) one organ or organ part subclass interconnected by zones of continuity or body substances; is demarcated from other subdivisions of the same organ system by one or more zones of continuity or anatomical lines; together with other subdivisions of the same organ system, it constitutes an organ system. Examples: rib cage, facial skeleton, portal system, central nervous system, upper respiratory tract, muscle group of back." [FMA:67509] subset: upper_level xref: FBbt:00007330 xref: FMA:67509 xref: SCTID:91690000 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0000467 ! anatomical system [Term] id: UBERON:0011217 name: serratus posterior synonym: "serratus posterior muscle" EXACT [FMA:13400] xref: FMA:13400 xref: SCTID:244934006 is_a: UBERON:0004518 {source="FMA"} ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002228 {source="dbpedia-abduced"} ! rib relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0003727 {source="dbpedia-abduced"} ! intercostal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011218 name: spinalis cervicis muscle def: "Origin: spinous processes of seventh cervical and sometimes two upper thoracic vertebrae; insertion: spinous processes of axis and sometimes of second to fourth cervical vertebrae; innervation: branches of cervical; action: extends vertebral column." [BTO:0002623] comment: The Spinalis cervicis (Spinalis colli) is an inconstant muscle, which arises from the lower part of the ligamentum nuchæ, the spinous process of the seventh cervical, and sometimes from the spinous processes of the first and second thoracic vertebrae, and is inserted into the spinosus process of the axis, and occasionally into the spinous processes of the two vertebrae below it. [Wikipedia:Spinalis#Spinalis_cervivis] synonym: "musculus spinalis cervicis" RELATED [BTO:0002623] synonym: "spinal muscle of neck" EXACT [BTO:0002623] xref: BTO:0002623 xref: SCTID:244864004 is_a: UBERON:0011013 {source="BTO"} ! spinalis muscle relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000351 {source="dbpedia", notes="also spinous process of C7"} ! nuchal ligament [Term] id: UBERON:0011219 name: longissimus lumborum muscle def: "Lumbar muscle that extends and rotates the vertebral column." [BTO:0001925] synonym: "longissimus lumborum" EXACT [MA:0002338] synonym: "musculus longissimus lumborum" RELATED [BTO:0001925] xref: BTO:0001925 xref: MA:0002338 xref: ncithesaurus:Longissimus_Lumborum is_a: UBERON:0000392 ! longissimus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011220 name: mastoid process of temporal bone def: "The mastoid process is a conical prominence projecting from the undersurface of the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. It is located just behind the external acoustic meatus, and lateral to the styloid process. Its size and form vary somewhat; it is larger in the male than in the female. This process serves for the attachment of the posterior belly of the digastric, sternocleidomastoid, splenius capitis, and longissimus capitis muscles. The word is derived from the Greek 'masto-', alluding to its resemblance to the breast." [Wikipedia:Mastoid_process] synonym: "mastoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mastoid_process] synonym: "mastoid process" EXACT [FMA:52872] synonym: "mastoid process of skull" EXACT [] synonym: "processus mastoideus ossis temporalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mastoid_process] xref: FMA:52872 xref: ncithesaurus:Mastoid_Process xref: SCTID:304336002 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001678 {source="ncithesaurus"} ! temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011221 name: ora serrata of retina def: "The ora serrata is the serrated junction between the retina and the ciliary body. This junction marks the transition from the simple non-photosensitive area of the retina to the complex, multi-layered photosensitive region. In animals in which the region does not have a serrated appearance, it is called the ora ciliaris retinae." [Wikipedia:Ora_serrata] synonym: "ora ciliaris retina" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ora_serrata] synonym: "ora ciliaris retinae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Ora_serrata] synonym: "ora serrata" EXACT [FMA:58600] synonym: "ora serrata retinae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:58600 xref: SCTID:280612002 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007651 ! anatomical junction relationship: connects UBERON:0000966 ! retina relationship: connects UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body relationship: part_of UBERON:0001766 ! anterior chamber of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0011222 name: intra-ocular muscle synonym: "intrinsic muscle of eyeball" EXACT [] synonym: "intrinsic ocular muscle" EXACT [EMAPA:18808] xref: AAO:0010038 xref: EMAPA:18808 xref: FMA:49150 is_a: UBERON:0004277 ! eye muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000019 ! camera-type eye relationship: part_of UBERON:0003386 {source="EMAPA"} ! smooth muscle of eye property_value: external_definition "Muscles within the eye (bulbus oculi).[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010038", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011233 name: synovial membrane of synovial tendon sheath def: "Synovial sac which surrounds parts of one or more tendons . Examples: synovial tendon sheath of manual digit 2, radial bursa." [FMA:45087, Wikipedia:Synovial_sheath] comment: Alternate def: A synovial sheath is a layer of a tendon sheath containing tendons in the hand and foot. They lie internal to the fibrous tendon sheaths. An example is the common synovial sheath for the flexor tendons. [Wikipedia:Synovial_sheath] synonym: "synovium" BROAD [BTO:0001823] xref: BTO:0001823 xref: FMA:40878 is_a: UBERON:0007616 {source="FMA"} ! layer of synovial tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0000304 ! tendon sheath [Term] id: UBERON:0011234 name: fibrous membrane of synovial tendon sheath xref: FMA:40877 is_a: UBERON:0004923 ! organ component layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000304 ! tendon sheath [Term] id: UBERON:0011236 name: deep fascia def: "Deep fascia (or \"investing fascia\") is a layer of fascia which can surround individual muscles, and divide groups of muscles into compartments. This is the dense fibrous connective tissue that interpenetrates and surrounds the muscles, bones, nerves and blood vessels of the body. It provides connection and communication in the form of aponeuroses, ligaments, tendons, retinacula, joint capsules, and septa. The deep fasciae envelop all bone; cartilage, and blood vessels and become specialized in muscles and nerves. The high density of collagen fibers is what gives the deep fascia its strength and integrity. The amount of elastin fiber determines how much extensibility and resilience it will have." [Wikipedia:Deep_fascia] synonym: "deep investing fascia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_fascia] synonym: "fascia profunda" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Deep_fascia] synonym: "investing fascia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_fascia] xref: FMA:27935 xref: ncithesaurus:Deep_Fascia is_a: UBERON:0008982 ! fascia [Term] id: UBERON:0011237 name: visceral fascia def: "Visceral fascia suspends the organs within their cavities and wraps them in layers of connective tissue membranes. Each of the organs is covered in a double layer of fascia; these layers are separated by a thin serous membrane. The outermost wall of the organ is known as the parietal layer The skin of the organ is known as the visceral layer. The organs have specialized names for their visceral fasciae. In the brain, they are known as meninges; in the heart they are known as pericardia; in the lungs, they are known as pleura; and in the abdomen, they are known as peritonea." [Wikipedia:Visceral_fascia] synonym: "parietal fascia" RELATED [Wikipedia:Visceral_fascia] xref: FMA:76754 is_a: UBERON:0008982 ! fascia [Term] id: UBERON:0011238 name: mesethmoid bone def: "Endochondral bone that extends forward from the frontal bones and articulates posterolaterally with the lateral ethmoids and the vomer and parasphenoid ventrally. The mesethmoid is an unpaired median bone." [TAO:0000323] comment: absent in primitive mammals, ungulates, amphibians, reptiles/birds[Kardong] synonym: "dermethmocïde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000323] synonym: "ethmoid" RELATED [TAO:0000323] synonym: "mcésethmocïde@fr" RELATED [TAO:0000323] xref: TAO:0000323 xref: ZFA:0000323 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="TAO"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0010892 ! mesethmoid element is_a: UBERON:0011164 ! neurocranium bone relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005945 {source="TAO"} ! neurocranial trabecula relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001703 {source="TAO"} ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002241 {source="TAO"} ! chondrocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 {source="Kardong"} ! ethmoid region [Term] id: UBERON:0011241 name: ethmoid region def: "the most anterior region of the braincase. Provides structural support for peripheral olfactory organ." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/braincase/ethmoid.html, UBERONREF:0000007] comment: Usage notes: currently this is not restricted to skeletal elements, unlike UBERONREF:0000007 xref: AAO:0000986 is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0005945 ! neurocranial trabecula relationship: part_of UBERON:0003112 ! olfactory region [Term] id: UBERON:0011242 name: ethmoid cartilage def: "Region between capsules formed by anterior tips of neurocranial trabeculae." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: We assume the AAO structure is cartilage synonym: "ethmoid cartilages" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0001405] synonym: "ethmoid plate" RELATED [TAO:0001405] xref: AAO:0010134 xref: TAO:0001405 xref: ZFA:0001405 is_a: UBERON:0003932 {source="TAO"} ! cartilaginous element of chondrocranium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005945 {source="Kardong"} ! neurocranial trabecula relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001703 {source="TAO"} ! neurocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 {source="FMA"} ! basicranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 {source="AAO"} ! ethmoid region property_value: external_definition "Anterior wall of the braincase.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0010134", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:EJS"} property_value: external_definition "Chondrocranium cartilage that is initially plate-like and formed from the anterior fusion of the trabecula crani. The ethmoid cartilage is paired.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001405", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011244 name: perpendicular plate of ethmoid def: "The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone (vertical plate) is a thin, flattened lamina, polygonal in form, which descends from the under surface of the cribriform plate, and assists in forming the septum of the nose; it is generally deflected a little to one or other side. The anterior border articulates with the spine of the frontal bone and the crest of the nasal bones. The posterior border articulates by its upper half with the sphenoidal crest, by its lower with the vomer. The inferior border is thicker than the posterior, and serves for the attachment of the septal cartilage of the nose. The surfaces of the plate are smooth, except above, where numerous grooves and canals are seen; these lead from the medial foramina on the cribriform plate and lodge filaments of the olfactory nerves." [Wikipedia:Perpendicular_plate_of_ethmoid_bone] synonym: "lamina perpendicularis (os ethmoidale)" EXACT [FMA:52891] synonym: "lamina perpendicularis of ethmoid bone" EXACT [FMA:52891] synonym: "lamina perpendicularis ossis ethmoidalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perpendicular_plate_of_ethmoid_bone] synonym: "perpendicular plate" BROAD [EMAPA:25114] synonym: "perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perpendicular_plate_of_ethmoid_bone] synonym: "vertical plate of the ethmoid bone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Perpendicular_plate_of_ethmoid_bone] xref: EMAPA:25114 xref: FMA:52891 xref: SCTID:369005006 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 {source="cjm"} ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001679 {source="FMA"} ! ethmoid bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011245 name: infra-orbital canal of maxilla def: "One of the canals of the orbital surface of the maxilla, the infraorbital canal, opens just below the margin of the orbit." [Wikipedia:Infraorbital_canal] synonym: "canalis infra-orbitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59048] synonym: "canalis infraorbitalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:59048] synonym: "infra-orbital canal" BROAD [FMA:59048] synonym: "infraorbital canal" BROAD [Wikipedia:Infraorbital_canal] xref: FMA:59048 is_a: UBERON:0005744 {source="FMA"} ! cranial conduit [Term] id: UBERON:0011246 name: procoracoid bone comment: In primitive synapsis 3 centers develop in the shoulder: the dorsal center gives rise to the scapula and the two ventral centers produce an anterior coracoid (procoracoid) and posterior coracoid (coracoid). The anterior is homologous to the coracoid of fish[Kardong]. Editor notes: VSAO sais that the procoracoid+coracoid are homologous to the teleost coracoid. Consider adding a separate class for posterior coracoid. synonym: "anterior coracoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "anterior coracoid bone" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "precoracoid" RELATED [] synonym: "precoracoid bone" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "procoracoid" RELATED [] synonym: "procoracoid process" NARROW [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/P.gigas_forelimb.jpg is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0007829 ! pectoral girdle bone is_a: UBERON:0011248 ! procoracoid element relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011247 ! procoracoid cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0004743 {notes="fish", source="Kardong"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011247 name: procoracoid cartilage is_a: UBERON:0007844 ! cartilaginous element is_a: UBERON:0011248 ! procoracoid element relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0011248 name: procoracoid element synonym: "anterior coracoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "precoracoid" RELATED [AAO:0000760] synonym: "precoracoid" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "procoracoid" EXACT [AAO:0000760] xref: AAO:0000760 is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 ! skeleton of pectoral girdle property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of zonal element (AAO:0000936)[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000760", ontology="AAO"} property_value: external_definition "Cartilaginous, paired structures located on the anterolateral portions of the zonal area of the pectoral girdle.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000760", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:LAP"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011249 name: appendicular skeletal system def: "Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the appendicular skeleton plus associated joints." [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:7484 xref: VHOG:0001666 xref: VSAO:0000306 is_a: UBERON:0000075 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of skeletal system property_value: external_definition "Skeletal system which consists of the appendicular skeleton plus associated joints.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000306", ontology="VSAO", source="UBERON:cjm"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011250 name: autopod bone is_a: UBERON:0002428 ! limb bone is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region relationship: part_of UBERON:0002470 ! autopod region relationship: part_of UBERON:0006717 ! skeleton of autopod [Term] id: UBERON:0011251 name: levator claviculae muscle def: "A skeletal muscle in the posterior triangle of the neck. It originates on the transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae and is inserted in the lateral half of the clavicle" [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] comment: Taxon notes: The levator claviculae is an infrequently recognized anatomical variant in humans, distinguished from, for example, cervical adenopathy or a thrombosed vein, but a normal muscle in lower mammals and anthropoids. In humans, when present, it often appears unilaterally, most commonly on the left side, or bilaterally.[WP] synonym: "cleidocervicalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] synonym: "cleidocervicalis muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] synonym: "levator claviculae" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] synonym: "musculus levator claviculae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] synonym: "omocervicalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] synonym: "pars cervicalis" RELATED [] synonym: "tracheloacromial muscle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Levator_claviculae_muscle] is_a: UBERON:0002377 ! muscle of neck is_a: UBERON:0004518 ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001105 {notes="lateral half", source="Wikipedia"} ! clavicle relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001077 {notes="nterior portion of transverse processes of C1 - C4 vertebrae", source="dbpedia"} ! transverse process of vertebra relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002413 ! cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0011364 ! cleidocephalicus muscle property_value: external_definition "Cleidocervicalis is one of two muscles, which make up the cleidocephalic component of the complex brachiocephalic muscle. It is a thin triangular muscle which has a broad origin on the median raphe of the mid dorsal aspect of the neck. The muscle is bounded caudally by the trapezius and cranially by the occipital component of the sternocephalicus . The cleidocervicalis tapers as it passes ventrally across the side of the neck to insert into the clavicular tendon. It is innervated by the accessory nerve. The brachiocephalic complex advances the limb, extends the shoulder joint and fixes the neck." xsd:string {source="MURDOCH:378"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011252 name: scent gland def: "Exocrine glands in animals which secrete scents which either repel or attract other animals, e.g. perianal glands of skunks, anal glands of weasels, musk glands of foxes, ventral glands of wood rats, and dorsal glands of peccaries." [MESH:A.13.820] xref: BTO:0002068 xref: MESH:A.13.820 is_a: UBERON:0002530 ! gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011253 name: gland of anal sac def: "." [Wikipedia:Anal_gland] synonym: "anal gland" RELATED [] synonym: "musk gland" RELATED [] xref: ncithesaurus:Anal_Gland xref: SCTID:91610001 is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland is_a: UBERON:0003408 ! gland of gut is_a: UBERON:0011252 ! scent gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0008978 intersection_of: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008978 ! anal sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0008978 ! anal sac [Term] id: UBERON:0011255 name: Eimer's organ def: "sensory organs in which the epidermis is modified to form bulbous papillae. present in many moles, and are particularly common in the star-nosed mole, which bears 30,000 of them on its unique tentacled snout. The organs are formed from a stack of epidermal cells, which is innervated by nerve processes from myelinated fibers in the dermis, which form terminal swellings just below the outer keratinized layer of epidermis. They contain a Merkel cell-neurite complex in the epidermis and a lamellated corpuscle in the dermal connective tissue." [Wikipedia:Eimer's_organ] is_a: UBERON:0000020 {source="Wikipedia"} ! sense organ is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000412 ! dermal papilla [Term] id: UBERON:0011256 name: rhinarium def: "crenelated area around nostrils of some mammals" [Wikipedia:Rhinarium] is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007827 ! external nose [Term] id: UBERON:0011263 name: femoral gland is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 ! hindlimb stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002330 ! exocrine system [Term] id: UBERON:0011264 name: femoral pore def: "Femoral pores are a part of a holocrine secretory gland found on the inside of the thighs of certain lizards and amphisbaenians which releases pheromones to attract mates or mark territory. In certain species only the male has these pores and in other species, both sexes have them, with the males being larger.[1] Femoral pores appear as a series of pits or holes within a row of scales on the ventral portion of the animal's thigh." [Wikipedia:Femoral_pore] comment: Taxon notes: Femoral pores are present in all genera in the families Cordylidae, Crotaphytidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Phrynosomatidae, and Xantusiidae.[1] They are absent in all genera in the Anguidae, Chamaeleonidae, Dibamidae, Helodermatidae, Scincidae, Xenosauridae, and Varanidae families.[1] They are present in other lizards and amphisbaenians quite variably, some geckoes, Phelsuma, for example have these pores, others in the same family do not[WP] is_a: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice relationship: part_of UBERON:0011263 intersection_of: UBERON:0000161 ! orifice intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011263 ! femoral gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0011263 ! femoral gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011265 name: carpometacarpal joint of digit 1 def: "A carpometacarpal joint that connects to metacarpal 1. " [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint#Thumb] comment: Taxon notes: In humans it connects the trapezium to the first metacarpal bone, plays an irreplaceable role in the normal functioning of the thumb. The most important joint connecting the wrist to the metacarpus, osteoarthritis of the TMC is a severely disabling condition; up to twenty times more common among old women than in average[WP] synonym: "carpometacarpal joint of pollex" EXACT [FMA:35421] synonym: "carpometacarpal joint of the thumb" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint#Thumb] synonym: "carpometacarpal joint of thumb" EXACT [FMA:35421] synonym: "TMJ" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint#Thumb] synonym: "trapeziometacarpal joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Carpometacarpal_joint#Thumb] xref: FMA:35421 xref: SCTID:361843007 is_a: UBERON:0011119 ! carpometacarpal joint is_a: UBERON:0011965 {gci_filler="NCBITaxon:9606", gci_relation="part_of", source="Wikipedia"} ! saddle joint relationship: connects UBERON:0003645 intersection_of: UBERON:0011119 ! carpometacarpal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1 relationship: connects UBERON:0003645 ! metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0011266 name: obsolete tendon of auricularis superior comment: Made obsolete as the ear muscle inserts into cartilage and aponeurosis without any intervening tendon synonym: "auricularis superior tendon" EXACT [FMA:53843] xref: FMA:53843 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0011267 name: quadratojugal bone def: "Paired intramembranous bones that completes the maxillary arch posteriorly; they appear at the end of, or just after, metamorphosis." [AAO:0000532] synonym: "quadratjochbeine" RELATED [AAO:0000532] synonym: "quadrato-jugals" RELATED [AAO:0000532] synonym: "quadrato-maxillare" RELATED [AAO:0000532] synonym: "quadratojugal" EXACT [AAO:0000532] synonym: "quadratojugale" RELATED [AAO:0000532] synonym: "tympano maleaux" RELATED [AAO:0000532] xref: AAO:0000532 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Skull_synapsida_1.png xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Archaeopteryx_skull.png/800px-Archaeopteryx_skull.png is_a: UBERON:0002514 {source="AAO-def"} ! intramembranous bone is_a: UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="temporal series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 {source="AAO"} ! skeleton of upper jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011268 name: sublingua def: "a secondary tongue located below the primary tongue in prosimian primates and some primitive mammals. This structure does not have taste buds or salivary glands" [Wikipedia:Sublingua] synonym: "second tongue" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sublingua] is_a: UBERON:0000062 ! organ is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9606 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011270 name: dorsal trunk def: "The part of the trunk that is in the dorsum[cjm]. In humans, the subdivision of trunk which is demarcated from the trunk proper by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines, the external surface of the posterior abdominal wall; together with the trunk proper, it constitutes the trunk[FMA]." [FMA:25056, UBERONREF:0000006, Wikipedia:Human_back] synonym: "back of trunk" EXACT [FMA:25056] synonym: "dorsal part of trunk" EXACT [] synonym: "dorsum of trunk" EXACT [FMA:25056] synonym: "trunk back" EXACT [FMA:25056] xref: FMA:25056 xref: MA:0000020 is_a: UBERON:0009569 {source="FMA"} ! subdivision of trunk relationship: part_of UBERON:0001137 {source="FMA"} ! dorsum [Term] id: UBERON:0011271 name: caudal-sacral region of vertebral column def: "Subdivision of vertebral column that is posterior to the sacral region and anterior to the caudal region." [UBERONREF:0000006] comment: Definition to be reviewed for generality across tetrapods xref: AAO:0000080 is_a: UBERON:0006077 ! subdivision of vertebral column property_value: external_definition "Region of the vertebral column posterior to the sacrum consisting of two to four vertebrae. The last of these vertebrae is distinguished by the possession of a well-developed haemal arch; it supports the posterior part of the cloaca and marks the posterior limit of the trunk.[AAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-06-20", external_class="AAO:0000080", ontology="AAO", source="AAO:Duellman_and_Treub_1994"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011272 name: skin basal layer comment: Editor notes: compare with 'stratum basale of epidermis'. This class is the source for many adult structures - see WP2062. See also: 'enveloping layer of ectoderm' synonym: "outer epithelium of body" RELATED [Wikipathways:WP2062] xref: EHDAA2:0001845 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000076 {source="EHDAA2"} ! external ectoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 {source="EHDAA2"} ! integument [Term] id: UBERON:0011273 name: nail of manual digit 1 synonym: "claw of digit 1 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18734] synonym: "nail of thumb" EXACT [FMA:54329] synonym: "nail plate of thumb" EXACT [FMA:54329] synonym: "thumb nail" EXACT [FMA:54329] xref: EMAPA:18734 xref: FMA:54329 xref: SCTID:181584008 is_a: UBERON:0009565 {source="FMA"} ! nail of manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0001463 ! manual digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0011274 name: nail of manual digit 2 synonym: "claw of digit 2 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18735] synonym: "index finger nail" EXACT [FMA:54332] synonym: "nail of index finger" EXACT [FMA:54332] synonym: "nail of second finger" EXACT [FMA:54332] synonym: "nail plate of index finger" EXACT [FMA:54332] xref: EMAPA:18735 xref: FMA:54332 xref: SCTID:181580004 is_a: UBERON:0009565 {source="FMA"} ! nail of manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003622 ! manual digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0011275 name: nail of manual digit 3 synonym: "claw of digit 3 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18736] synonym: "middle finger nail" EXACT [FMA:54335] synonym: "nail of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:54335] synonym: "nail of third finger" EXACT [FMA:54335] synonym: "nail plate of middle finger" EXACT [FMA:54335] xref: EMAPA:18736 xref: FMA:54335 xref: SCTID:181581000 is_a: UBERON:0009565 {source="FMA"} ! nail of manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003623 ! manual digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0011276 name: nail of manual digit 4 synonym: "claw of digit 4 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18737] synonym: "nail of fourth finger" EXACT [FMA:54338] synonym: "nail of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:54338] synonym: "nail plate of ring finger" EXACT [FMA:54338] synonym: "ring finger nail" EXACT [FMA:54338] xref: EMAPA:18737 xref: FMA:54338 xref: SCTID:181582007 is_a: UBERON:0009565 {source="FMA"} ! nail of manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003624 ! manual digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0011277 name: nail of manual digit 5 synonym: "claw of digit 5 of fore-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18738] synonym: "little finger nail" EXACT [FMA:54341] synonym: "nail of fifth finger" EXACT [FMA:54341] synonym: "nail of little finger" RELATED [FMA:54341] synonym: "nail plate of little finger" EXACT [FMA:54341] xref: EMAPA:18738 xref: FMA:54341 xref: SCTID:181583002 is_a: UBERON:0009565 {source="FMA"} ! nail of manual digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003625 ! manual digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0011278 name: nail of pedal digit 1 synonym: "big toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54344] synonym: "claw of digit 1 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18739] synonym: "nail of big toe" EXACT [FMA:54344] synonym: "nail of great toe" EXACT [FMA:54344] synonym: "nail plate of big toe" EXACT [FMA:54344] xref: EMAPA:18739 xref: FMA:54344 xref: SCTID:181592004 is_a: UBERON:0009567 {source="FMA"} ! nail of pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003631 ! pedal digit 1 [Term] id: UBERON:0011279 name: nail of pedal digit 2 synonym: "claw of digit 2 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18740] synonym: "nail of second toe" EXACT [FMA:54347] synonym: "nail plate of second toe" EXACT [FMA:54347] synonym: "second toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54347] xref: EMAPA:18740 xref: FMA:54347 xref: SCTID:181593009 is_a: UBERON:0009567 {source="FMA"} ! nail of pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003632 ! pedal digit 2 [Term] id: UBERON:0011280 name: nail of pedal digit 3 synonym: "claw of digit 3 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18741] synonym: "nail of third toe" EXACT [FMA:54350] synonym: "nail plate of third toe" EXACT [FMA:54350] synonym: "third toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54350] xref: EMAPA:18741 xref: FMA:54350 xref: SCTID:181594003 is_a: UBERON:0009567 {source="FMA"} ! nail of pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003633 ! pedal digit 3 [Term] id: UBERON:0011281 name: nail of pedal digit 4 synonym: "claw of digit 4 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18742] synonym: "fourth toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54353] synonym: "nail of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:54353] synonym: "nail plate of fourth toe" EXACT [FMA:54353] xref: EMAPA:18742 xref: FMA:54353 xref: SCTID:181595002 is_a: UBERON:0009567 {source="FMA"} ! nail of pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003634 ! pedal digit 4 [Term] id: UBERON:0011282 name: nail of pedal digit 5 synonym: "claw of digit 5 of hind-paw" EXACT [EMAPA:18743] synonym: "little toe nail" EXACT [FMA:54356] synonym: "nail of fifth toe" EXACT [FMA:54356] synonym: "nail of little toe" EXACT [FMA:54356] synonym: "nail plate of little toe" EXACT [FMA:54356] xref: EMAPA:18743 xref: FMA:54356 xref: SCTID:181596001 is_a: UBERON:0009567 {source="FMA"} ! nail of pedal digit relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 intersection_of: UBERON:0001705 ! nail intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 relationship: part_of UBERON:0003635 ! pedal digit 5 [Term] id: UBERON:0011283 name: epoophoron def: "A remnant of the Mesonephric duct that can be found next to the ovary and fallopian tube." [Wikipedia:Epoophoron] synonym: "epooephoron" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron] synonym: "organ of rosenmueller" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron] synonym: "organ of Rosenmuller" EXACT [FMA:18691] synonym: "organ of rosenmuller" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron] synonym: "organ of Rosenmüller" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron] synonym: "parovarium" RELATED [Wikipedia:Epoophoron] xref: FMA:18691 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006590 {source="FMA"} ! vestigial embryonic structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003074 {source="Wikipedia"} ! mesonephric duct property_value: sexually_homologous_to UBERON:0001301 {source="Wikipedia"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011287 name: rostral organ def: "A putative electroreceptor organ located in the medial rostral cavity in the ethmoid portion of the chondrocranium of Coelocanths. It is surrounded by an insulating layer of adipose tissue and innervated by the superficial ophthalmic nerve." [Wikipedia:Rostral_organ] comment: classification as electric organ is putative is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010520 ! head electric organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0011241 ! ethmoid region [Term] id: UBERON:0011288 name: stomochord def: "A flexible, hollow tube that arises in embryonic development as an outpocketing from the roof of the embryonic gut anterior to the pharynx. In adults, they extend dorsally from the pharynx into the probiscis, and serve to communicate with the oral cavity. Their walls are composed primarily of epithelial cells, but ciliated and glandular cells are also present" [Wikipedia:Stomochord] synonym: "stomatochord" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0007026 ! primitive gut relationship: existence_starts_during UBERON:0000068 ! embryo stage [Term] id: UBERON:0011289 name: pharyngobasilar fascia def: "The pharyngeal aponeurosis (or pharyngobasilar fascia, or fibrous coat), is situated between the mucous and muscular layers. It is thick above where the muscular fibers are wanting, and is firmly connected to the basilar portion of the occipital and the petrous portions of the temporal bones. As it descends it diminishes in thickness, and is gradually lost. It is strengthened posteriorly by a strong fibrous band, which is attached above to the pharyngeal spine on the under surface of the basilar portion of the occipital bone, and passes downward, forming a median raphe, which gives attachment to the Constrictores pharyngis." [Wikipedia:Pharyngobasilar_fascia] synonym: "pharyngeal aponeurosis" EXACT [FMA:55074] synonym: "pharyngeal aponeurosis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pharyngobasilar_fascia] xref: FMA:55074 xref: SCTID:16675008 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006614 {source="FMA"} ! aponeurosis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 intersection_of: UBERON:0006614 ! aponeurosis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0011298 name: submucosa of uterine tube def: "The submucous layer of the wall of the uterine tube." [BTO:0002116] synonym: "submucosa of fallopian tube" EXACT [] synonym: "submucous layer of uterine tube" RELATED [BTO:0002116] synonym: "tela submucosa tubae uterinae" EXACT LATIN [BTO:0002116] synonym: "uterine submucosa" RELATED [] xref: BTO:0002116 xref: SCTID:245489008 is_a: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003889 intersection_of: UBERON:0000009 ! submucosa intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube relationship: part_of UBERON:0003889 ! fallopian tube [Term] id: UBERON:0011299 name: white matter of telencephalon xref: FMA:83930 is_a: UBERON:0003544 ! brain white matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 intersection_of: UBERON:0002316 ! white matter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0011300 name: gray matter of telencephalon xref: FMA:83911 is_a: UBERON:0003528 ! brain grey matter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 intersection_of: UBERON:0002020 ! gray matter of neuraxis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001893 ! telencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0011301 name: manubrium sternum pre-cartilage condensation synonym: "manubrium sterni pre-cartilage condensation" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001063] xref: EHDAA2:0001063 xref: EHDAA:9563 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005256 ! trunk mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0005866 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-cartilage condensation relationship: develops_from UBERON:0006210 {source="EHDAA2"} ! body-wall mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 {source="EHDAA2"} ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0011302 name: tunicate tunic def: "Outer covering of an animal typically consisting primarily of cellulose (tunicin) in addition to varying amounts of water, protein and carbohydrates. The tunicate is a characteristic feature of Tunicata" [ISBN:0030229073, Wikipedia:Ascidiacea#Anatomy] comment: Taxon notes: In some species tunicin occurs in small amounts. Some species calcium salts are deposited as spicules. In ascidians, the tunic is supplied with blood vessels. is_a: UBERON:0003102 ! surface structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system relationship: part_of UBERON:0007023 ! adult organism relationship: surrounds UBERON:0000468 ! multi-cellular organism [Term] id: UBERON:0011303 name: lamprey sucker xref: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/images/lamprey_sucker_rosava_3238889218.jpg is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0011304 name: tunicate postabdomen def: "Basalmost subdivision of a tunicate containing the heart and reproductive organs" [ISBN:0030229073] comment: Taxon notes: Most ascidians lack a postabdomen is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0011305 name: superficial part of temporalis synonym: "temporalis, superficial" EXACT [FEED:FEED] is_a: UBERON:0003681 ! masticatory muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001598 {source="FEED"} ! temporalis muscle property_value: external_definition "The superficial temporalis muscle is a separable part of the temporalis muscle that attaches to the temporalis fascia.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011306 name: deep part of temporalis synonym: "temporalis, deep" EXACT [FEED:FEED] is_a: UBERON:0003681 ! masticatory muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001598 {source="FEED"} ! temporalis muscle property_value: external_definition "The deep temporalis muscle is a separable part of the temporalis muscle that that attaches to the bony wall of the braincase and is deep to the superficial temporalis.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011307 name: suprazygomatic part of temporalis synonym: "temporalis, suprazygomatic" EXACT [FEED:FEED] is_a: UBERON:0003681 ! masticatory muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001598 {source="FEED"} ! temporalis muscle property_value: external_definition "The suprazygomatic part of the temporalis muscle is a separable part of the deep temporalis that attaches to the superior surface of the temporal root of the zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011308 name: pars reflexa of masseter def: "The pars reflexa is a separable part of the superficial masseter muscle that attaches to the medial surface of the mandible." [FEED:FEED] synonym: "masseter, pars reflexa" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "pars reflexa" BROAD [FEED:FEED] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0011140 ! superficial part of masseter muscle property_value: external_definition "The pars reflexa is a separable part of the superficial masseter muscle that attaches to the medial surface of the mandible.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011309 name: body of mandible def: "The body of the mandible is curved somewhat like a horseshoe and has two surfaces and two borders." [Wikipedia:Body_of_mandible] synonym: "body of the mandible" RELATED [Wikipedia:Body_of_mandible] synonym: "mandibular body" EXACT [FMA:52827] xref: FMA:52827 xref: SCTID:244684002 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 {source="FMA"} ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0011310 name: masseteric fossa def: ".The fossa for the masseter. In some therapsids, the coronoid process of the dentary bears a large external depression which accommodates the masseter -- an important muscle in closing and in grinding motions of the jaw." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryM.html] synonym: "masseteric cavity" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 {source="FMA"} ! mandible property_value: external_definition "fossa on the lateral surface of the mandible, located in the superior part of the ascending process.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011311 name: hyoepiglottic ligament def: "an elastic band connecting the anterior surface of the epiglottis to the upper border of the body of the hyoid bone." [Wikipedia:Hyoepiglottic_ligament] synonym: "hyo-epiglottic ligament" EXACT [FMA:55227] synonym: "igamentum hyoepiglotticum" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Hyoepiglottic_ligament] xref: FMA:55227 xref: ncithesaurus:Hyoepiglottic_Ligament xref: SCTID:279552007 is_a: UBERON:0001730 {source="FMA"} ! extrinsic ligament of larynx relationship: connects UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis relationship: connects UBERON:0003999 ! hyoid bone body [Term] id: UBERON:0011312 name: hyoepiglottic muscle comment: Developed in mammals other than human. TODO: add relationship to hyoepiglottic ligament. synonym: "hyo-epiglottic muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "hyoepiglotticus" EXACT [] synonym: "hyoepiglottus" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001568 ! muscle of larynx relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000388 ! epiglottis relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0003999 ! hyoid bone body [Term] id: UBERON:0011313 name: posterior subdivision of masseter synonym: "masseter, posterior" EXACT [FEED:FEED] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: in_posterior_side_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle property_value: external_definition "The posterior masseter is a separable part of the deep masseter muscle that attaches to the postero-ventral surface of the zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011314 name: anterior subdivision of masseter synonym: "masseter, anterior" EXACT [FEED:FEED] is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: in_anterior_side_of UBERON:0001597 ! masseter muscle property_value: external_definition "The anterior masseter is a separable part of the masseter muscle that is attached to anterior root of zygomatic arch.[FEED]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-07-02", ontology="FEED", url="http://www.feedexp.org"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011315 name: digastric branch of facial nerve def: "The digastric branch of facial nerve arises close to the stylomastoid foramen, and divides into several filaments, which supply the posterior belly of the Digastricus; one of these filaments joins the glossopharyngeal nerve." [Wikipedia:Digastric_branch_of_facial_nerve] synonym: "branch of facial nerve to posterior belly of digastric" RELATED [FMA:53288] synonym: "digastric branch" BROAD [Wikipedia:Digastric_branch_of_facial_nerve] synonym: "digastric branch of facial nerve (CN VII)" EXACT [FEED:FEED] synonym: "facial nerve, digastric branch" EXACT [] synonym: "nerve to posterior belly of digastric" EXACT [FMA:53288] synonym: "ramus digastricus (nervus facialis)" EXACT [FMA:53288] synonym: "ramus digastricus nervus facialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:53288 xref: SCTID:17743006 is_a: UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001647 {source="FMA"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011316 name: nerve to stylohyoid from facial nerve def: "The stylohyoid branch of facial nerve frequently arises in conjunction with the digastric branch; it is long and slender, and enters the Stylohyoideus about its middle." [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_branch_of_facial_nerve] synonym: "facial nerve stylohyoid branch" EXACT [FMA:53298] synonym: "nerve to stylohyoid" EXACT [FMA:53298] synonym: "ramus stylohyoideus" EXACT [FMA:53298] synonym: "ramus stylohyoideus nervus facialis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "stylodigastric nerve" EXACT [FMA:53298] synonym: "stylohyoid branch" RELATED [Wikipedia:Stylohyoid_branch_of_facial_nerve] synonym: "stylohyoid branch of facial nerve" EXACT [FMA:53298] xref: FMA:53298 xref: SCTID:89590005 is_a: UBERON:0001647 ! facial nerve is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001647 {source="FMA"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011317 name: nerve to stylopharyngeus from glossopharyngeal nerve synonym: "branch of glossopharyngeal nerve to stylopharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:53487] synonym: "nerve to stylopharyngeus" EXACT [FMA:53487] synonym: "ramus musculi stylopharyngei nervus glossopharyngei" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "stylopharyngeal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:53487] xref: FMA:53487 xref: SCTID:280294008 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001649 {source="FMA"} ! glossopharyngeal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011318 name: capsule of temporomandibular joint def: "The articular capsule (capsular ligament) is a thin, loose envelope, attached above to the circumference of the mandibular fossa and the articular tubercle immediately in front; below, to the neck of the condyle of the mandible." [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_temporomandibular_joint] synonym: "articular capsule of temporomandibular joint" EXACT [FMA:57050] synonym: "capsula articularis articulationis temporomandibularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_the_temporomandibular_joint] xref: FMA:57050 xref: SCTID:303404000 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0001484 ! articular capsule is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003700 intersection_of: UBERON:0001484 ! articular capsule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003700 ! temporomandibular joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0003700 ! temporomandibular joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011319 name: disk of temporomandibular joint def: "The fibrocartilaginous plate that separates the joint into upper and lower cavities." [BTO:0003675, Wikipedia:Articular_disk_of_the_temporomandibular_joint] synonym: "articular disc of temporomandibular joint" EXACT [FMA:57059] synonym: "articular disc of temporomandibular joint" RELATED [BTO:0003675] synonym: "articular disk of temporomandibular joint" EXACT [FMA:57059] synonym: "discus articularis (articulatio temporomandibularis)" EXACT [FMA:57059] synonym: "discus articularis articulationis temporomandibularis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "discus articularis articulationis temporomandibularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Articular_disk_of_the_temporomandibular_joint] synonym: "discus articularis temporomandibularis" RELATED [BTO:0003675] synonym: "mandibular disk" RELATED [BTO:0003675] synonym: "temporomandibular articular disk" EXACT [BTO:0003675] synonym: "temporomandibular articular disk" RELATED [GAID:273] synonym: "temporomandibular joint disk" RELATED [Wikipedia:Articular_disk_of_the_temporomandibular_joint] xref: BTO:0003675 xref: FMA:57059 xref: MESH:A.02.835.583.861.900 xref: SCTID:282433007 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007844 {source="FMA"} ! cartilaginous element is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003700 {source="BTO"} ! temporomandibular joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011320 name: ligament of temporomandibular joint def: "." [Wikipedia:Temporomandibular_joint#Ligaments] synonym: "temporomandibular joint ligament" EXACT [FMA:57070] xref: FMA:57070 xref: SCTID:127861009 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003700 intersection_of: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003700 ! temporomandibular joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0003700 ! temporomandibular joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011321 name: masseteric nerve def: "The masseteric nerve passes laterally, above the Pterygoideus externus, in front of the temporomandibular articulation, and behind the tendon of the Temporalis; it crosses the mandibular notch with the masseteric artery, to the deep surface of the Masseter, in which it ramifies nearly as far as its anterior border. It gives a filament to the temporomandibular joint." [Wikipedia:Masseteric_nerve] synonym: "nervus massetericus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Masseteric_nerve] xref: FMA:53103 xref: SCTID:280254006 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000375 {source="FMA"} ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011322 name: mylohyoid nerve def: "A nerve that innervates the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle." [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_nerve] synonym: "branch of inferior alveolar nerve to mylohyoid" EXACT [FMA:53247] synonym: "mylodigastric nerve" EXACT [FMA:53247] synonym: "mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar nerve" EXACT [FMA:53247] synonym: "nerve to mylohyoid" EXACT [FMA:53247] synonym: "nerve to mylohyoid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_nerve] synonym: "nervus mylohyoideus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Mylohyoid_nerve] synonym: "nervus mylohyoideus" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:53247 xref: SCTID:280269007 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011325 name: pharyngeal nerve plexus def: "The pharyngeal plexus is a network of nerve fibers innervating most of the palate, larynx, and pharynx. It is located on the surface of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_plexus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "pharyngeal nerve plexus" EXACT [FMA:82453] synonym: "pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_plexus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "plexus pharyngeus nervi vagi" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_plexus_of_vagus_nerve] synonym: "vagus nerve pharyngeal plexus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:82453 xref: SCTID:369429008 is_a: UBERON:0001816 {source="FMA"} ! autonomic nerve plexus [Term] id: UBERON:0011326 name: superior laryngeal nerve def: "The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve. It arises from the middle of the ganglion nodosum and in its course receives a branch from the superior cervical ganglion of the sympathetic. It descends, by the side of the pharynx, behind the internal carotid artery, and divides into two branches: external laryngeal nerve internal laryngeal nerve A superior laryngeal nerve palsy changes the pitch of the voice and causes an inability to make explosive sounds. If no recovery is evident three months after the palsy initially presents, the damage is most likely to be permanent. A bilateral palsy presents as a tiring and hoarse voice." [Wikipedia:Superior_laryngeal_nerve] synonym: "nervus laryngealis superior" EXACT [FMA:6239] synonym: "nervus laryngeus superior" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Superior_laryngeal_nerve] synonym: "superior laryngeal branch of inferior vagal ganglion" EXACT [FMA:6239] synonym: "superior laryngeal branch of vagus" EXACT [FMA:6239] xref: FMA:6239 xref: SCTID:279928006 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001759 {source="FMA"} ! vagus nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011327 name: deep temporal nerve def: "The deep temporal nerves, branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, are two in number, anterior and posterior. They pass above the upper border of the pterygoideus externus and enter the deep surface of the temporalis." [Wikipedia:Deep_temporal_nerves] synonym: "deep temporal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Deep_temporal_nerves] synonym: "nervi temporales profundi" EXACT PLURAL [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:53187 xref: SCTID:280255007 is_a: UBERON:0002003 ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0000375 {source="FMA"} ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011332 name: extrinsic tongue pre-muscle mass xref: EMAPA:17884 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0003416 ! mesenchyme of tongue is_a: UBERON:0005865 {source="EHDAA2"} ! pre-muscle condensation relationship: part_of UBERON:0003273 {source="EMAPA"} ! skeletal muscle of tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0011342 name: surface of mandible synonym: "mandibular surface" EXACT [FMA:57558] xref: FMA:57558 is_a: UBERON:0006984 ! anatomical surface relationship: part_of UBERON:0001684 ! mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0011343 name: medial surface of mandible synonym: "medial surface of mandibular ramus" NARROW [FMA:59464] synonym: "medial surface of ramus of mandible" EXACT [FMA:59464] xref: FMA:59464 is_a: UBERON:0011342 ! surface of mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0011344 name: lateral surface of mandible synonym: "lateral surface of mandibular ramus" BROAD [FMA:59463] synonym: "lateral surface of ramus of mandible" EXACT [FMA:59463] xref: FMA:59463 is_a: UBERON:0011342 ! surface of mandible [Term] id: UBERON:0011345 name: pharyngeal raphe def: "The Pharyngeal raphe is a raphe that serves as the origin and insertion for several of the pharyngeal constrictors." [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_raphe] comment: AO notes: isa anatomical line in FMA synonym: "raphe pharyngis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pharyngeal_raphe] xref: FMA:55077 xref: SCTID:179763009 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure disjoint_from: UBERON:0011346 ! palatine raphe relationship: part_of UBERON:0006562 ! pharynx [Term] id: UBERON:0011346 name: palatine raphe def: "a raphe running across the palate, from the palatine uvula to the incisive papilla." [Wikipedia:Palatine_raphe] comment: AO notes: isa anatomical line in FMA synonym: "raphe palati" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palatine_raphe] xref: FMA:75111 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001716 ! secondary palate [Term] id: UBERON:0011347 name: raphe of hard palate xref: SCTID:368683007 is_a: UBERON:0011346 ! palatine raphe relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 intersection_of: UBERON:0011346 ! palatine raphe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0011348 name: raphe of soft palate xref: SCTID:245785003 is_a: UBERON:0011346 ! palatine raphe relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 intersection_of: UBERON:0011346 ! palatine raphe intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0001733 ! soft palate [Term] id: UBERON:0011349 name: pterygomandibular raphe def: "The pterygomandibular raphe (pterygomandibular ligament) is a tendinous band of the buccopharyngeal fascia, attached by one extremity to the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate, and by the other to the posterior end of the mylohyoid line of the mandible. Its medial surface is covered by the mucous membrane of the mouth. Its lateral surface is separated from the ramus of the mandible by a quantity of adipose tissue. Its posterior border gives attachment to the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Its anterior border attaches to the posterior edge of the buccinator." [Wikipedia:Pterygomandibular_raphe] comment: AO notes: isa anatomical line in FMA synonym: "pterygomandibular ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygomandibular_raphe] synonym: "pterygomandibular raph%c3%a9" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pterygomandibular_raphe] xref: FMA:55618 xref: SCTID:142713007 is_a: UBERON:0003566 ! head connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0011350 name: mylohyoid raphe synonym: "raphe of the mylohyoid" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011357 name: Reissner's fiber def: "An acellular strand that runs from subcommissural organ caudally through the ventricular system and central canal to the ampulla caudalis. Develops from glycoproteins secreted into CSF." [ISBN10:0471888893, Wikipedia:Reissner's_fiber] comment: Taxon notes: Reissner's fiber is present in the central canal of species in all chordate subphyla[Olsson R. (1993) Reissner's fiber mechanisms: some common denominators. In The Subcommissural Organ: An Ependymal Brain Gland ] synonym: "Reissner's fibre" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7711 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011358 name: infundibular organ comment: Resembles the subcommisural organ structurally, ultrastructurally and immunochemically[Niewenhuys] Gives rise to Reissner's fiber; however secretions are not identical to those of SCO [PMID:9550137][doi:10.1007/BF00303086] synonym: "infundibular organ of Boeke" EXACT [] synonym: "ventral infundibular organ" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000073 ! regional part of nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0001017 ! central nervous system relationship: secretes UBERON:0011357 ! Reissner's fiber property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7737 {source="doi:10.1111/j.1463-6395.1976", stage="larval"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011359 name: urophysis def: "This is a neurosecretory organ rostral to the ampulla caudalis on the ventral surface of the distal end of the spinal cord. Receives axons from caudal neurosecretory nucleus, which contains Dahlgren cells that secrete urotensin I and II, implicated in osmotic regulation, cardiovascular function and reproduction[Butler]." [ISBN10:0471888893] comment: Shares characteristics with neurohypophysis xref: BTO:0001848 is_a: UBERON:0005174 ! back organ is_a: UBERON:0010133 ! neuroendocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 {source="BTO"} ! spinal cord property_value: never_in_taxon NCBITaxon:32523 {source="ISBN10:0471888893"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011360 name: ampulla caudalis def: "A ventricle-like space at the end of the central canal" [ISBN10:0471888893] is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0002291 {notes="in caudal end of"} ! central canal [Term] id: UBERON:0011362 name: cranial blood vasculature synonym: "cranial blood vessels" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0005297] synonym: "set of blood vessels of head" EXACT [] xref: TAO:0005297 xref: ZFA:0005297 is_a: UBERON:0002200 ! vasculature of head is_a: UBERON:0004537 ! blood vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0004537 ! blood vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head property_value: external_definition "Blood vessel part of cranial vasculature.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005297", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011363 name: cranial lymph vasculature synonym: "cranial lymph vessels" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0005298] synonym: "set of lymphatic vessels of head" EXACT [FMA:224562] xref: FMA:224562 xref: TAO:0005298 xref: ZFA:0005298 is_a: UBERON:0002200 ! vasculature of head is_a: UBERON:0004536 ! lymph vasculature relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0004536 ! lymph vasculature intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0011364 name: cleidocephalicus muscle def: "The cleidomastoideus is a thick, strap-like muscle that together with the cleidocervicalis forms the proximal part of the brachiocephalicus. It lies beneath the cleidocervicalis. Its origin is the clavicular tendon with its insertion being at the mastoid process of the temporal bone. It is distinctly narrow and is united with the cleidocervicalis and cleidobrachialis by the clavicular tendon. Together with the other two components of the brachiocephalicus muscle, its primary function is to advance the free limb, however, it can also act as an shoulder extensor. Acting bilaterally, it fixes and depresses the neck, while by its unilateral action, it allows the head and neck to be drawn to the side. Its blood supply is the inferior cervical, carotid and vertebral arteries and its nerve supply is the spinal accessory, cervical and axillary nerves." [MURDOCH:379] comment: alt def: "Combination of cleidomastoid and cleidocervical muscles" synonym: "cleidocephalic" EXACT [MA:0002275] synonym: "cleidocephalic muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "cleidocephalicus" EXACT [] synonym: "cleidomastoid" RELATED [] synonym: "cleidomastoid muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "cleidomastoideus" RELATED [] synonym: "pars mastoideus" RELATED [] xref: MA:0002275 xref: ncithesaurus:Cleidocephalic is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011220 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0011368 ! brachiocephalic muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011366 name: cleidobrachialis muscle def: "This muscle makes up the distal segment of the brachiocephalicus. It originates at the clavicular tendon but functionally, from the head and neck through the cleidocervicalis. It inserts at the distal end of the cranial border of the humerus, where it lies between the biceps brachii medially and the brachialis laterally. The muscle partly covers the pectoral muscles at their insertions. In conjunction with the cleidocervicalis, it advances the limb, extends the shoulder and causes lateral movement of the head and neck." [MURDOCH:376] synonym: "cleidobrachial" EXACT [MA:0002274] synonym: "cleidobrachial muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "cleidobrachialis" EXACT [] xref: MA:0002274 xref: ncithesaurus:Cleidobrachial is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 relationship: part_of UBERON:0011364 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011364 ! cleidocephalicus muscle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0011364 ! cleidocephalicus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011368 name: brachiocephalic muscle def: "The brachiocephalicus is a long and flat, complex of muscles that extends from the lower half of the humeral shaft to the head and neck. The muscle divides into two parts at the clavicular intersection. This is also the point of origin for all the muscles that make up the brachiocephalicus. This point is situated just cranial to the shoulder. The two main sections are the cleidobrachialis which is distal to the clavicular intersection and the cleidocephalicus which extends proximally to the clavivular intersection. The cleidocephalicus can also be divided into the pars cervicalis, which inserts on the broad aponeurosis, over the fibrous raphe of the cranial half of the neck. The other part, the pars mastoideus inserts on the mastoid process of the temporal bone via a strong tendon. The cleidobrachialis extends distally from the clavicular intersection and inserts on the cranial edge of the distal half of the humerus. The tendon that inserts the cleidobrachialis lies between the brachialis muscle and the biceps brachii. As a result of the brachiocephalicus spanning a large region it has the ability to provide a number of actions. These include extending the shoulder joint, protracts the limb, provides lateral movement of the head and allows the neck to be depressed." [http://ccg.murdoch.edu.au/museum/] comment: The brachiocephalicus is more complex than other muscles of the forelimb. It consists of 2 elements that unite at the clavicle in dogs. In dogs the caudal part, known as the cleidobrachialis, runs from the clavicle to the humerus and is closely associated with the deltoid. The cranial portion runs from the clavicle to various attachments via a broad aponeurosis on the upper part of the head and neck. It is called the cleidomastoideus in the dog because it inserts on the mastoid process of the temporal bone. It may have a different name, like cleido-occipitalis, in other mammals. The name brachiocephalicus signifies that this complex of muscles runs from the upper arm to the head and does not specify the details of muscle attachments because these vary so much from species to species. The brachiocephalicus advances the limb and may also extend the shoulder joint, but this depends on the cranial attachment being fixed and the limb being free to move. However, when the forelimb is firmly on the ground and the head is free to move, it forces the head and neck either ventrally or to one side depending on whether or not both muscles act in tandem synonym: "brachiocephalicus" BROAD [] is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011220 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011369 name: omotransversarius muscle def: "The omotransversarius is a straplike muscle, which advances and adducts the forelimb, as well as flexes the neck laterally. It covers the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae, lying to their side. The omotransversarius lies ventral to the trapezius, cranial to the deltoid muscle and is covered cranially by the cleidocervicalis. It extends from the atlas to the spine of the scapula, with its origin on the transverse process of the atlas and its insertion in the distal end of the spine of the scapula. Its name can be split into omo, which is Greek for shoulder, and tranversarius which relates to its attachment to the transverse process of the atlas. This muscle is innervated by the accessory nerve." [MURDOCH:1433] synonym: "omotransverse" EXACT [MA:0002349] synonym: "omotransverse muscle" EXACT [] xref: MA:0002349 xref: ncithesaurus:Omotransverse is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004651 relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011370 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0004651 ! scapula spine intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0011370 ! transverse process of atlas relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004651 ! scapula spine relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011370 ! transverse process of atlas [Term] id: UBERON:0011370 name: transverse process of atlas xref: FMA:23981 xref: SCTID:181895009 is_a: UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 intersection_of: UBERON:0001077 ! transverse process of vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0011371 name: sternocephalicus muscle def: "The sternocephalicus is a flat muscle and its caudal border is adjacent to the ventral border of the brachiocephalicus. The lateral aspect of this muscle is crossed obliquely by the external jugular vein. It originates as a unit on the first sternebrae. The cranial portion of the muscle divides into two separate sections with different insertion points. These are the sternomastoideus and the sterno-occipitalis. The ventral portion, the sternomastiodeus is the stronger and main continuation of the sternocephalicus, which inserts on the mastoid part of the temporal bone. The thin but wide dorsal segment, the sterno-occipitalis attaches to the dorsal nuchal crest by a thin aponeurosis. The main action provided by the sternocephalicus is movement of the head and neck to the side. Ventral branches of the cervical nerves are attached to this muscle." [MURDOCH:1749] synonym: "sternocephalicus" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:21636001 is_a: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002208 intersection_of: UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ intersection_of: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone intersection_of: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone intersection_of: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002208 ! sternebra relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 ! occipital bone relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001676 {notes="nuchal crest"} ! occipital bone relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0011220 ! mastoid process of temporal bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002208 ! sternebra [Term] id: UBERON:0011374 name: prepuce comment: Usage notes: this is a generic sex-neutral grouping class for the male and female prepuce. Note that this structure is a combination of skin and other tissue xref: ncithesaurus:Prepuce is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin relationship: part_of UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure [Term] id: UBERON:0011375 name: skin of prepuce of clitoris synonym: "preputial skin of clitoris" EXACT [FMA:27886] xref: FMA:27886 xref: SCTID:367670008 is_a: UBERON:0005298 ! skin of clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0005299 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005299 ! prepuce of clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0005298 ! skin of clitoris relationship: part_of UBERON:0005299 ! prepuce of clitoris [Term] id: UBERON:0011376 name: iliothoracic muscle def: "The iliothoracic group is made up of the abdominal wall muscles: rectus abdominis, external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal obliquus, and the transversus abdominis" [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1899031-overview] synonym: "iliothoracic" EXACT [MA:0002322] xref: MA:0002322 xref: ncithesaurus:Iliothoracic is_a: UBERON:0008242 ! lower back muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back [Term] id: UBERON:0011377 name: femorothoracic muscle def: "The femorospinal group is made up of the psoas major and iliacus muscles" [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1899031-overview] synonym: "femorothoracic" EXACT [MA:0002322] is_a: UBERON:0008242 ! lower back muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005462 ! lower back [Term] id: UBERON:0011379 name: male external urethral sphincter def: "The external sphincter muscle of urethra (or sphincter urethrae membranaceae) surrounds the whole length of the membranous portion of the urethra, and is enclosed in the fasciæ of the urogenital diaphragm. They arch across the front of the urethra and bulbourethral glands, pass around the urethra, and behind it unite with the muscle of the opposite side, by means of a tendinous raphé." [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra] comment: AO notes: MA includes a term bulboglandular - some sources claim this as the muscles that are associated with the bulbourethral gland, so we place this here synonym: "bulboglandular" RELATED [MA:0002273] synonym: "bulboglandular muscle" RELATED [] synonym: "external urethral sphincter of male urethra" EXACT [FMA:19733] synonym: "male sphincter urethrae" EXACT [FMA:19733] synonym: "male sphincter urethrae muscle" EXACT [FMA:19733] synonym: "male urethral sphincter muscle" EXACT [FMA:19733] synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae externus urethrae masculinae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra] synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae membranaceae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra] xref: FMA:19733 xref: MA:0002273 xref: ncithesaurus:Bulboglandular is_a: UBERON:0004919 ! external urethral sphincter is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 intersection_of: UBERON:0004919 ! external urethral sphincter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000079 ! male reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0011380 name: female external urethral sphincter def: "The external sphincter muscle of female urethra is a muscle which controls urination." [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra] synonym: "compressor urethrae" RELATED INCONSISTENT [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra] synonym: "external urethral sphincter of female urethra" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus sphincter urethrae externus urethrae femininae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra] synonym: "outer muscle layer of female urethra" EXACT [FMA:19778] synonym: "rhabdosphincter of female urethra" EXACT [FMA:19778] synonym: "sphincter urethrovaginalis" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra] synonym: "striated muscle layer of female urethra" EXACT [FMA:19778] synonym: "urethrovaginal sphincter" RELATED DEPRECATED [Wikipedia:External_sphincter_muscle_of_female_urethra] xref: FMA:19778 is_a: UBERON:0004919 ! external urethral sphincter is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 intersection_of: UBERON:0004919 ! external urethral sphincter intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0011383 name: inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein synonym: "inferior pancreatico-duodenal vein" EXACT [MA:0002191] xref: MA:0002191 xref: ncithesaurus:Inferior_Pancreatico-Duodenal_Vein is_a: UBERON:0004690 ! pancreaticoduodenal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0011384 name: superior pancreaticoduodenal vein synonym: "superior pancreatico-duodenal vein" EXACT [MA:0002192] synonym: "vena pancreaticoduodenalis superior" EXACT [] xref: MA:0002192 is_a: UBERON:0004690 ! pancreaticoduodenal vein [Term] id: UBERON:0011385 name: parotidoauricular muscle def: "Is one of the numerus muscles of the external ear and is of importance since it is encountered in the operation for drainage of infections of the external ear of the dog. As its name suggests, it arises from the fascia over the parotid gland and approaches the auricle from the ventrolateral direction. This muscle is supplied by the facial nerve.The muscles of the external ear with their scattered origins and precisely located insertions provide for displacement and rotation of the ear in all directions. These muscles also have a collective function in communication both within and between species." [MURDOCH:1519] synonym: "parotidoauricular" EXACT [MA:0002352] synonym: "parotidoauricularis" EXACT [] xref: MA:0002352 xref: ncithesaurus:Parotidoauricular is_a: UBERON:0001583 ! extrinsic auricular muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001757 ! pinna relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011386 name: facial modiolus def: "In facial anatomy, the modiolus is a chiasma of facial muscles held together by fibrous tissue, located lateral and slightly superior to each angle of the mouth. It is important in moving the mouth, facial expression and in dentistry. It derives its motor nerve supply from the facial nerve, and its blood supply from labial branches of the facial artery. It is contributed to by the following muscles: orbicularis oris, buccinator, levator anguli oris, depressor anguli oris, zygomaticus major, risorius quadratus labii superioris, quadratus labii inferioris." [Wikipedia:Modiolus_%28face%29] xref: FMA:46837 is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001567 {source="FMA"} ! cheek [Term] id: UBERON:0011387 name: constrictor vulvae muscle synonym: "constrictor vulvae" EXACT [MA:0002281] synonym: "sphincter vaginae" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle] xref: MA:0002281 xref: ncithesaurus:Constrictor_Vulvae xref: SCTID:244961006 is_a: UBERON:0011389 {notes="unvetted"} ! bulbospongiosus muscle property_value: external_definition "The constrictor muscle of the labia is weakly developed in the female dog which blends dorsally with the external anal sphincter muscle and attaches to the coccygeal fascia at the level of the first and second coccygeal vertebrae. It encircles the vulva and vestibule for a distance of about 1 cm. caudal to the area where the urethra enters the vestibule. Its action is to lift the labia dorsally to facilitate intromission of the penis into the vagina. The constrictor vestibuli and vulvae are homologous to the bulbospogiosus (bulbocavernosus) muscle in the male." xsd:string {source="http://compepid.tuskegee.edu/syllabi/biomedical/Anatomy/grossanat301/chapter11.html"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011388 name: male bulbospongiosus muscle xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bulbospongiosus-Male.png/250px-Bulbospongiosus-Male.png is_a: UBERON:0011389 ! bulbospongiosus muscle relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0011379 ! male external urethral sphincter property_value: sexually_homologous_to UBERON:0011387 [Term] id: UBERON:0011389 name: bulbospongiosus muscle def: "The bulbospongiosus is the thick extrapelvic continuation of the urethralis. It originates from the perineal body (and midline raphe over corpus spongiosum in male) and inserts at the superficial perineal membrane and dorsal penile or clitoral aponeurosis. In males, the bulbospongiosus muscles are united and surround the base of the penis. They aid in emptying of urine and ejaculate from urethra. In females, these muscles are separated in the middle by the vagina and act to constrict the vaginal introitus. They can also stop the flow of blood into veins, which maintains an erection in the penis of the male and the clitoris of the female. Its nerve connection is the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve (S2, 3, 4)." [MURDOCH:245, Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle] synonym: "bulbocavernosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle] synonym: "bulbocavernosus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle] synonym: "bulbocavernous" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle] synonym: "bulbospongiosus" EXACT [FMA:19729] synonym: "bulbospongiosus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle] synonym: "musculus bulbospongiosus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Bulbospongiosus_muscle] xref: FMA:19729 xref: SCTID:244972001 is_a: UBERON:0002379 ! perineal muscle relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0001367 ! external anal sphincter relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0011391 ! perineal nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002356 ! perineum [Term] id: UBERON:0011390 name: pudendal nerve def: "The pudendal nerve is a somatic nerve in the pelvic region that innervates the external genitalia of both sexes, as well as sphincters for the bladder and the rectum. It originates in Onuf's nucleus in the sacral region of the spinal cord." [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve] synonym: "internal pudendal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve] synonym: "pudenal nerve" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve] synonym: "pudendal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pudendal_nerve] xref: FMA:19037 xref: SCTID:181057000 is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="FMA"} ! peripheral nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011391 name: perineal nerve def: "a nerve arising from the pudendal nerve that supplies the perineum." [Wikipedia:Perineal_nerve] synonym: "perineal branch of pudendal nerve" EXACT [FMA:21866] xref: FMA:21866 xref: SCTID:303236009 is_a: UBERON:0002003 {source="FMA"} ! peripheral nerve relationship: branch_of UBERON:0011390 ! pudendal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011392 name: internal elastic membrane def: "a layer of elastic tissue that forms the outermost part of the tunica intima of blood vessels." [Wikipedia:Internal_elastic_lamina] synonym: "inner elastic lamina" EXACT [FMA:68205] synonym: "internal elastic lamina" EXACT [FMA:68205] xref: FMA:68205 xref: MA:0002863 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Elastic_Membrane xref: SCTID:86405007 is_a: UBERON:0000476 {source="FMA"} ! acellular anatomical structure is_a: UBERON:0003614 {source="MA"} ! blood vessel elastic tissue relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0002522 ! tunica media relationship: part_of UBERON:0002523 {source="MA"} ! tunica intima [Term] id: UBERON:0011415 name: cutaneous trunci muscle def: "Lying just below the skin, cutaneus trunci is one of very few cutaneus muscles. It composes of a thin sheets of muscle that spred over the body in the superficial fasciae. Their role is to twich the skin to rid of pests etc. Cuteneus muscles are found in all domestic species." [MURDOCH:2210] comment: covers the entire body with a thin layer of muscle under the deepest layer of the skin. When an area of neuronal subluxation is stimulated with the activator, the cutaneous trunci muscle contracts and causes an involuntary reflexive spasm or "twitch" of the skin synonym: "cutaneous trunci" EXACT [MA:0002285] xref: MA:0002285 is_a: UBERON:0006821 ! cutaneous muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011464 name: levator nasolabialis muscle def: "Is a principal muscle of the lips which arises over the dorsum of the nose. It runs cranioventrally to insert partly on the wing of the nostril and partly into the lateral part of the upper lip. This muscles function includes dilation of the nostril, elevation and retraction of the upper lip. Branches of the facial nerve supply innervation to this muscle." [MURDOCH:1180] synonym: "levator nasolabialis" EXACT [MA:0002334] xref: MA:0002334 xref: ncithesaurus:Levator_Nasolabialis is_a: UBERON:0006821 ! cutaneous muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011465 name: longissimus atlantis muscle def: "A muscle that runs beneath the longissimus capitis and inserts on the wing of the atlas " [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musculus_longissimus] comment: present in horses and dogs synonym: "longissimus atlantis" EXACT [MA:0002335] xref: MA:0002335 is_a: UBERON:0000392 ! longissimus muscle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001092 ! first cervical vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0011472 name: ventral lateral sacrocaudal muscle def: "The ventral lateral sacrocaudal is a long strong muscle consisting of numerous individual parts. Its first segment originates from the last lumbar vertebrae and the remainder from the transverse processes of the caudal vertebrae. From the segmented bellies arise long tendons which are embedded in caudal fascia. The first of these tendons inserts onto the sixth caudal vertebrae, the second onto the seventh and so on until the last caudal vertebrae. The ventral lateral sacrocaudal acts to flex the tail and occasionally assists with lateral movement." [MURDOCH:2183] synonym: "lumbosacrocaudalis" EXACT [MA:0002342] synonym: "lumbosacrocaudalis muscle" EXACT [MA:0002342] synonym: "ventral lateral sacrocaudal" EXACT [MURDOCH:2183] xref: MA:0002342 xref: MURDOCH:2183 is_a: UBERON:0004518 ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001095 ! caudal vertebra relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002414 ! lumbar vertebra relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002415 ! tail [Term] id: UBERON:0011495 name: rectus thoracis muscle def: "Rectus thoracis is a very small quadrilateral muscle sheet from the lateral thorax runs from the 3rd-1st rib that is in continuation with rectus abdominis. Its functioning muscle in respiration." [MURDOCH:2224] synonym: "rectus thoracis" EXACT [MA:0002366] xref: MA:0002366 is_a: UBERON:0003830 ! thoracic segment muscle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002228 ! rib relationship: continuous_with UBERON:0002382 ! rectus abdominis muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000915 ! thoracic segment of trunk [Term] id: UBERON:0011508 name: sphincter colli superficialis muscle def: "The sphincter colli superficialis is composed of transverse muscle fibers, and covers the entire area between the lower jaw and chest. The muscle is used to tighten the skin on the underside of the throat." [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platysma] synonym: "sphincter colli superficialis" EXACT [MA:0002380] xref: MA:0002380 is_a: UBERON:0002377 ! muscle of neck [Term] id: UBERON:0011509 name: sphincter colli profundus muscle def: "The sphincter colli profundus of lie below the platysma in the area of the parotid gland (gland regions)." [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platysma] comment: The muscles of the mid and upper face derive from the embryonic sphincter colli profundus muscle synonym: "sphincter colli profundus" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002377 ! muscle of neck [Term] id: UBERON:0011510 name: cloacal bursa is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000162 ! cloaca [Term] id: UBERON:0011511 name: iliococcygeus muscle def: "The Iliococcygeus arises from the ischial spine and from the posterior part of the tendinous arch of the obturator fascia, and is attached to the coccyx and anococcygeal raphC); it is usually thin, and may fail entirely, or be largely replaced by fibrous tissue. It is part of the levator ani group of muscles. An accessory slip at its posterior part is sometimes named the Iliosacralis." [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "iliococcygeal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "iliococcygei" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "iliococcygeus" EXACT [FMA:19092] synonym: "iliococcygeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "levator ani - iliococcygeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "levator ani-iliococcygeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "musculus iliococcygeus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Iliococcygeus_muscle] xref: FMA:19092 xref: SCTID:244964003 is_a: UBERON:0001325 ! muscle of pelvis relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0009000 ! ischial spine relationship: part_of UBERON:0001326 {source="FMA"} ! levator ani muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011512 name: puborectalis muscle def: "The fibers which form a sling for the rectum are named the Puborectalis or Sphincter recti. They arise from the lower part of the symphysis pubis, and from the superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm. They meet with the corresponding fibers of the opposite side around the lower part of the rectum, and form for it a strong sling. Relaxation reduces the angle between rectum and anus, allowing defecation in conjunction with relaxation of the internal and external sphincters. Puborectalis is part of the levator ani group of muscles." [Wikipedia:Puborectalis_muscle] synonym: "puborectalis" EXACT [FMA:19091] synonym: "puborectalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Puborectalis_muscle] synonym: "sphincter recti" RELATED [Wikipedia:Puborectalis_muscle] xref: FMA:19091 xref: SCTID:244962004 is_a: UBERON:0001325 ! muscle of pelvis relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0003699 ! pubic symphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001326 {source="FMA"} ! levator ani muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011528 name: pubococcygeus muscle def: "The pubococcygeus muscle or PC muscle is a hammock-like muscle, found in both sexes, that stretches from the pubic bone to the coccyx (tail bone) forming the floor of the pelvic cavity and supporting the pelvic organs. It is part of the levator ani group of muscles." [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "%22pc%22 muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "coccygeus muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "kegel muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "levator ani-pubococcygeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "levator ani-puborectalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "levator prostatae" EXACT [FMA:19090] synonym: "musculus pubococcygeus" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "musculus pubovaginalis" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "pc muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "pubococcygeal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "pubococcygeal muscles" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] synonym: "pubococcygeus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Pubococcygeus_muscle] xref: FMA:19090 xref: SCTID:244958005 is_a: UBERON:0001325 ! muscle of pelvis relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0001350 ! coccyx relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003690 ! sacrum relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 ! pubis relationship: part_of UBERON:0001326 {source="FMA"} ! levator ani muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011531 name: male pubococcygeus muscle synonym: "levator prostate" EXACT [] synonym: "levator prostate muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus levator prostatae" EXACT LATIN [] xref: SCTID:71507008 is_a: UBERON:0011528 ! pubococcygeus muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 intersection_of: UBERON:0011528 ! pubococcygeus muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0003101 ! male organism [Term] id: UBERON:0011532 name: female pubococcygeus muscle def: "Pubovaginalis in the female is the equivalent of levator prostatae in the male." [] synonym: "pubovaginalis" EXACT [FMA:19090] synonym: "pubovaginalis muscle" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:208282000 is_a: UBERON:0011528 ! pubococcygeus muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 intersection_of: UBERON:0011528 ! pubococcygeus muscle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism relationship: part_of UBERON:0003100 ! female organism [Term] id: UBERON:0011533 name: abductor pollicis, radioulna-prepollox def: "Originates on the distal radioulna and inserts on the palmar prepollex." [AAO:0010805] synonym: "m. abductor pollicis" RELATED [AAO:0010805] xref: AAO:0010805 is_a: UBERON:0003662 ! forelimb muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005880 ! prepollex relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0006715 ! radio-ulna relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0011534 name: abductor pollicis muscle xref: SCTID:368422008 is_a: UBERON:0003662 ! forelimb muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0002102 ! forelimb [Term] id: UBERON:0011535 name: chondroglossus muscle def: "The Chondroglossus is sometimes described as a part of the Hyoglossus, but is separated from it by fibers of the Genioglossus, which pass to the side of the pharynx. It is about 2 cm. long, and arises from the medial side and base of the lesser cornu and contiguous portion of the body of the hyoid bone, and passes directly upward to blend with the intrinsic muscular fibers of the tongue, between the Hyoglossus and Genioglossus." [Wikipedia:Chondroglossus] synonym: "chondroglossal" EXACT [FMA:46700] synonym: "chondroglossal muscle" RELATED [Wikipedia:Chondroglossus] synonym: "chondroglossus" EXACT [FMA:46700] xref: FMA:46700 xref: SCTID:244787000 is_a: UBERON:0000078 ! mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001572 {source="FMA"} ! hyoglossus muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011564 name: adductor pollicis muscle of prepollex def: "Originates from the distal carpal 5-4-3 and inserts on the palmar prepollex." [AAO:0010811] synonym: "m. adductor pollicis" RELATED [AAO:0010811] xref: AAO:0010811 is_a: UBERON:0011145 ! adductor muscle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0005880 ! prepollex [Term] id: UBERON:0011565 name: lumen of gastrointestinal system synonym: "cavity of digestive tract" EXACT [] synonym: "cavity of gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [] synonym: "gastrointestinal tract lumen" EXACT [FMA:54364] synonym: "lumen of gastrointestinal tract" EXACT [FMA:54364] xref: FMA:54364 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system [Term] id: UBERON:0011566 name: lumen of esophagus synonym: "cavity of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:9398] synonym: "esophageal cavity" EXACT [FMA:9398] synonym: "esophageal lumen" EXACT [FMA:9398] synonym: "esophagus lumen" EXACT [FMA:9398] xref: FMA:9398 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001043 ! esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011565 {source="FMA"} ! lumen of gastrointestinal system [Term] id: UBERON:0011574 name: mesonephric duct lumen synonym: "cavity of nephric duct" RELATED [] synonym: "nephric duct lumen" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001244] xref: EHDAA2:0001244 is_a: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen relationship: part_of UBERON:0003074 intersection_of: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0003074 ! mesonephric duct [Term] id: UBERON:0011575 name: styloid process of ulna def: "The styloid process of the ulna projects from the medial and back part of the bone; it descends a little lower than the head, and its rounded end affords attachment to the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Ulnar_styloid_process] synonym: "processus styloideus ulnae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Ulnar_styloid_process] synonym: "processus styloideus ulnae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] synonym: "ulnar styloid process" EXACT [FMA:23628] xref: FMA:23628 xref: SCTID:181952009 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004529 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0004408 {source="FMA"} ! distal epiphysis of ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0011576 name: supra-orbital region of bone comment: see also: xref: AAO:0000590 synonym: "margo supraorbitalis (os frontale)" RELATED [FMA:53097] synonym: "supra-orbital margin of frontal bone" RELATED [FMA:53097] synonym: "supraorbital surface of frontal bone" RELATED [FMA:57137] xref: FMA:53097 xref: FMA:57137 xref: ncithesaurus:Orbital_Ridge is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0008001 ! irregular bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001697 ! orbital region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0011577 name: flexural organ def: "a portion of tissue that is the most anterior portion of the notochord. The flexural organ secretes Reissner's fiber-related proteins, including F-spondin." [https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=76834&atid=994726, ZFA:0007071] comment: Taxon notes: may be an ontogenetical remnant of the infundibular organ in cephalochordates. Editor notes: we cannot classify as a secretory circumventricular organ, as this leads to unsatisfiability xref: ZFA:0007071 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: develops_into UBERON:0010134 {notes="unvetted"} ! secretory circumventricular organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002328 {source="ZFA"} ! notochord property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:7711 [Term] id: UBERON:0011579 name: venom gland def: "A gland that secretes venom" [UBERON:cjm] is_a: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland relationship: secretes UBERON:0007113 intersection_of: UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland intersection_of: secretes UBERON:0007113 ! venom relationship: secretes UBERON:0007113 ! venom [Term] id: UBERON:0011580 name: platypus crural gland def: "A kidney-shaped alveolar glands located in the upper thigh connected by a thin-walled duct to a calcaneus spur, or calcar, on each hind lim" [Wikipedia:Platypus_venom#Spur_and_crural_gland] is_a: UBERON:0011579 ! venom gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0011581 ! calcaneus spur relationship: secretes UBERON:0007113 ! venom [Term] id: UBERON:0011581 name: calcaneus spur comment: Taxon notes: The female platypus, in common with echidnas, has rudimentary spur buds which do not develop (dropping off before the end of their first year) and lack functional crural glands synonym: "ankle spur" RELATED [] synonym: "hind-leg spur" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0008784 ! lower limb segment relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes property_value: present_in_taxon NCBITaxon:9257 [Term] id: UBERON:0011582 name: skeleton of limb/fin def: "The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb or fin." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "limb/fin skeleton" EXACT [VSAO:0000301] xref: VSAO:0000301 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004708 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003081 {source="ISBN:9780878932504"} ! lateral plate mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002091 ! entire appendicular skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0004708 ! limb/fin property_value: external_definition "Skeletal subdivision that is part of the paired limb/fin.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0000301", ontology="VSAO", source="GO_REF:0000034"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011583 name: stylopodial skeleton def: "Proximal element of a free limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively[VSAO, modified]." [VSAO:0005007] synonym: "propodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005007] synonym: "stylopod" RELATED [VSAO:0005007] xref: VSAO:0005007 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010712 ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002472 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of limb relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002472 ! stylopod property_value: external_definition "Proximal element of the limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively.[VSAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="VSAO:0005007", ontology="VSAO", source="VSAO:NI"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011584 name: zeugopodial skeleton def: "Section of the forelimb skeleton located between the stylopodium and the autopodium." [VSAO:0005010] synonym: "epipodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005010] synonym: "skeleton of zeugopod" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "zeugopod skeleton" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "zygopodium" RELATED [VSAO:0005010] xref: VSAO:0005010 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010712 ! limb skeleton subdivision relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002471 intersection_of: UBERON:0010912 ! subdivision of skeleton intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod relationship: part_of UBERON:0004381 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of limb relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0002471 ! zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0011585 name: cell condensation def: "Anatomical structure that is an aggregation of similar cells from which cartilages and bones form, and from which chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are initiated during repair and/or regeneration. (Hall and Miyake 1995)." [VSAO:0000006] comment: Editor notes: consider obsoleting, coordinate with VSAO xref: VSAO:0000006 xref: XAO:0004021 is_a: UBERON:0000061 {source="VSAO"} ! anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0011586 name: obsolete proteinaceous extracellular matrix comment: obsoleted as it was already present in GO is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0011587 name: pre-dentine def: "Odontogenic tissue that is collagen-rich and characteristic of vertebrate teeth and tooth-like structures (e.g., odontodes) deposited by preodontoblasts and odontoblasts that are typically excluded from the matrix." [VSAO:0000071] synonym: "pre-dentine tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "predentine tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator] xref: VSAO:0000071 xref: XAO:0004052 is_a: UBERON:0010365 {source="VSAO"} ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0002342 {source="UBERONREF:0000002"} ! neural crest [Term] id: UBERON:0011588 name: pre-enamel def: "Odontogenic tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by preameloblast and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix." [VSAO:0000066] synonym: "pre-enamel tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "preenamel tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator] xref: VSAO:0000066 xref: XAO:0004202 is_a: UBERON:0010365 {source="VSAO"} ! odontoid tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011589 name: non-mineralized cartilage tissue def: "Cartilage tissue that is not mineralized." [VSAO:0000089] comment: Editor notes: add developmental relationships xref: VSAO:0000089 xref: XAO:0004044 is_a: UBERON:0002418 {source="VSAO"} ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011590 name: commissure of diencephalon synonym: "diencephalon commissure" EXACT [FMA:62445] xref: FMA:62445 is_a: UBERON:0005970 ! brain commissure is_a: UBERON:0011591 ! tract of diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0001020 ! commissure intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0011591 name: tract of diencephalon synonym: "diencephalon tract" EXACT [FMA:62447] xref: FMA:62447 is_a: UBERON:0007702 ! tract of brain relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 intersection_of: UBERON:0001018 ! axon tract intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon relationship: part_of UBERON:0001894 ! diencephalon [Term] id: UBERON:0011592 name: future upper lip synonym: "upper jaw future lip" EXACT [EHDAA2:0002120] xref: EHDAA2:0002120 is_a: UBERON:0003235 ! epithelium of upper jaw relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004068 ! medial nasal prominence relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005868 ! maxillary prominence relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 {source="EHDAA2"} ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0011593 name: maxillary tooth def: "Tooth that is attached to a maxilla[TAO,modified]." [TAO:0001627] synonym: "maxillary teeth" EXACT PLURAL [AAO:0000287] xref: AAO:0000287 xref: TAO:0001627 is_a: UBERON:0003267 ! tooth of upper jaw relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002397 intersection_of: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla relationship: part_of UBERON:0009680 ! set of upper jaw teeth property_value: external_definition "Tooth that is attached to the maxilla.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001627", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011594 name: dentary tooth def: "Tooth that is attached to a dentary/mandible[TAO,modified]." [TAO:0001628] comment: Editor notes: Note that we treat dentary tooth and mandibular tooth as equivalent synonym: "mandibular teeth" RELATED PLURAL [AAO:0000641] synonym: "mandibular tooth" RELATED [] synonym: "tooth of dentary" RELATED [] xref: AAO:0000125 xref: AAO:0000641 xref: TAO:0001628 is_a: UBERON:0003268 ! tooth of lower jaw relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004742 intersection_of: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0004742 ! dentary relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0004742 ! dentary relationship: part_of UBERON:0009679 ! set of lower jaw teeth property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of dentary tooth row (TAO:0001952)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001628", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Tooth that is attached to the dentary.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001628", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011595 name: jaw region comment: there are two jaw regions: the upper and lower is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:0011596 name: future lower lip synonym: "lower jaw future lip" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001020] xref: EHDAA2:0001020 is_a: UBERON:0003236 ! epithelium of lower jaw relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005867 {source="Wikipedia:Mandibular_prominence"} ! mandibular prominence relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 {source="EHDAA2"} ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0011597 name: bone of upper jaw def: "Any bone that is part of the upper jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the maxilla, the quadrate (in some species)." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Editor notes: Do not manually classify under here - bones are automatically classified subset: grouping_class synonym: "upper jaw bone" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003457 ! head bone is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 ! skeleton of upper jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011598 name: coronoid bone synonym: "coronoid process" BROAD [TAO:0001673] xref: AAO:0000103 xref: TAO:0001673 is_a: UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="AAO"} ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="mandibular series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 {source="AAO"} ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011599 name: lenticular process of incus def: "the long ventral process of the incus which articulates with the stapes" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryJL.html] comment: the lenticular process may be homologous to the shaft of the stapes and result from fusion of the former quadrate- stapes articulation. This speculation is consistent with the observation that artiodactyls have a very short lenticular process (Thewissen & Hussain (1993)), with perhaps greater length to the corresponding process of the stapes[http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/ear/incus.html] synonym: "incus crus longum" EXACT [http://palaeos.com] synonym: "lenticular process" BROAD [] synonym: "processus lenticularis" BROAD [] synonym: "processus lenticularis (incus)" EXACT [FMA:52775] xref: FMA:52775 xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/ear/images/Incus3.gif is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005689 ! 2nd arch mesenchyme relationship: part_of UBERON:0001688 {source="FMA"} ! incus [Term] id: UBERON:0011601 name: gingiva of upper jaw synonym: "gum of maxilla" EXACT [] synonym: "gum of upper jaw" EXACT [EMAPA:18970] synonym: "upper jaw gingiva" EXACT [FMA:59763] xref: EMAPA:18970 xref: FMA:59763 xref: SCTID:304703001 is_a: UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 intersection_of: UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001709 ! upper jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0011602 name: gingiva of lower jaw synonym: "gum of lower jaw" EXACT [EMAPA:18967] synonym: "gum of mandible" EXACT [] synonym: "lower jaw gingiva" EXACT [FMA:59764] xref: EMAPA:18967 xref: FMA:59764 xref: SCTID:304704007 is_a: UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 intersection_of: UBERON:0001828 ! gingiva intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region relationship: part_of UBERON:0001710 ! lower jaw region [Term] id: UBERON:0011603 name: coronoid tooth def: "Tooth that is attached to a coronoid bone." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "coronoid teeth" EXACT PLURAL [AAO:0000104] xref: AAO:0000104 is_a: UBERON:0003268 ! tooth of lower jaw relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011598 intersection_of: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0011598 ! coronoid bone relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011598 ! coronoid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009679 ! set of lower jaw teeth [Term] id: UBERON:0011604 name: carina of sternum def: "An extension of the sternum (breastbone) which runs axially along the midline of the sternum and extends outward, perpendicular to the plane of the ribs.." [Wikipedia:Keel_(bird)] synonym: "carina" BROAD [] synonym: "keel" EXACT [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Br%C3%A9chet.png/180px-Br%C3%A9chet.png is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000975 ! sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0011605 name: supracoracoideus def: "'A muscle in the bird's thorax region that originates from carina of the sternum, furcula, and sternal ribs and inserts onto proximal dorsal surface of the humerus. It acts as a primary elevator of the wing in upstroke. [Manual of Ornithology: Avian Structure and Function, by Proctor and Lynch, 1998]." [ID:KFC0000604] synonym: "pectoralis minor" RELATED [ID:KFC0000604] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Wing_Muscles%2C_color.svg is_a: UBERON:0008196 ! muscle of pectoral girdle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002228 ! rib relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0007841 ! furcula relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0011604 ! carina of sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0011606 name: hyomandibular bone def: "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and (in teleosts) articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and the opercle posteriorly[TAO,modified]." [TAO:0000672, Wikipedia:Hyomandibula] comment: In most teleosts, there is a symplectic, and the hyomandibula articulates with it anteroventrally. synonym: "hyomandibula" BROAD [TAO:0000672] synonym: "hyomandibular" BROAD [TAO:0000672, Wikipedia:Hyomandibula] xref: TAO:0000672 xref: VHOG:0000688 xref: ZFA:0000672 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="TAO"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011608 ! hyomandibular element relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011607 {source="TAO"} ! hyomandibular cartilage property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibula-metapterygoid joint (TAO:0001979)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibula-opercle joint (TAO:0005265)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibular-otic region joint (TAO:0001947)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps preopercle vertical limb-hyomandibula joint (TAO:0005278)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps quadrate-hyomandibula joint (TAO:0001801)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and the opercle posteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "This structure (the hyomandibular), on ontogenic grounds alone, can be considered homologous with the amphibian and reptilian columella and the mammalian stapes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000688", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S0022215100009087 Gerrie J, The phylogeny of the mammalian tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1948)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011607 name: hyomandibular cartilage def: "Cartilage form of the hyomandibular element." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Taxon notes: The stapes is homologous to the hyomandibula. In this ontology, we use the class 'hyomandibular cartilage' generally to include the future stapes, the future hyomandibular bone of teleosts and the unossified cartilage in sharks. synonym: "hyosymplectic cartilage" EXACT [ZFA:0001422] synonym: "symplectic cartilage" EXACT [TAO:0001422] xref: TAO:0001422 xref: VHOG:0000688 xref: ZFA:0001422 is_a: UBERON:0011004 {source="TAO"} ! pharyngeal arch cartilage is_a: UBERON:0011608 ! hyomandibular element property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the chondrocranium dorsally, the opercle bone posteriorly, and the palatoquadrate cartilage anteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001422", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "This structure (the hyomandibular), on ontogenic grounds alone, can be considered homologous with the amphibian and reptilian columella and the mammalian stapes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000688", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S0022215100009087 Gerrie J, The phylogeny of the mammalian tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1948)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011608 name: hyomandibular element def: "the upper paired deep bone or cartilage of the hyoid region, sometimes taking part in jaw suspension and which supports the opercle. Dorsally it articulates with the otic capsule at the hyomandibular fossa, ventrally with the quadrate and symplectic. In most Teleostei it has a foramen for the hyomandibular branch of the facial nerve (VII)." [http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/en_ichthyology/8715/hyomandibula] synonym: "epihyal" RELATED INCONSISTENT [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/gill_arches/gill_arches.html] synonym: "hyomandibula - stapes" EXACT [VHOG:0000688] synonym: "hyomandibula element" EXACT [] xref: TAO:0000672 xref: VHOG:0000688 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010522 ! replacement element relationship: part_of UBERON:0011152 ! dorsal hyoid arch skeleton property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibula-metapterygoid joint (TAO:0001979)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibula-opercle joint (TAO:0005265)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps hyomandibular-otic region joint (TAO:0001947)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps preopercle vertical limb-hyomandibula joint (TAO:0005278)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps quadrate-hyomandibula joint (TAO:0001801)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_comment "In most teleosts, there is a symplectic, and the hyomandibula articulates with it anteroventrally.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and the opercle posteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000672", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "This structure (the hyomandibular), on ontogenic grounds alone, can be considered homologous with the amphibian and reptilian columella and the mammalian stapes.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000688", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1017/S0022215100009087 Gerrie J, The phylogeny of the mammalian tympanic cavity and auditory ossicles. The Journal of Laryngology and Otology (1948)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011609 name: ceratohyal element synonym: "keratohyal element" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010522 ! replacement element relationship: part_of UBERON:0011153 {source="TAO-abduced"} ! ventral hyoid arch skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011610 name: ceratohyal cartilage xref: TAO:0001400 xref: ZFA:0001400 is_a: UBERON:0011004 {source="TAO"} ! pharyngeal arch cartilage is_a: UBERON:0011609 ! ceratohyal element property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps ceratohyal-branchiostegal ray joint (TAO:0001850)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001400", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps dorsal hypohyal-urohyal joint (TAO:0001847)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001400", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps epihyal-branchiostegal ray joint (TAO:0001849)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001400", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps inter-ventral hypohyal joint (TAO:0001846)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001400", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps interhyal-epihyal joint (TAO:0001841)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001400", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps ventral hypohyal-urohyal joint (TAO:0001848)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001400", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and the largest cartilaginous component of the ventral hyoid arch.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001400", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011611 name: ceratohyal bone synonym: "anterior ceratohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000578] synonym: "anterohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000578] synonym: "anterohyals" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000578] synonym: "ceratohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000578] synonym: "ceratohyal anterior" EXACT [TAO:0000578] synonym: "ceratohyal bone" EXACT [TAO:0000578] synonym: "ceratohyale" RELATED [AAO:0000666] synonym: "ceratohyals" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000578] synonym: "ceratohyoid" NARROW SENSU [] synonym: "ceratohyoid bone" EXACT [] synonym: "distal ceratohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000578] synonym: "hyale" RELATED [AAO:0000666] synonym: "hyoid" RELATED [AAO:0000666] synonym: "keratohyale" RELATED [AAO:0000666] synonym: "rostral ceratohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000578] synonym: "zungenbeinknorpel" RELATED [AAO:0000666] xref: AAO:0000666 xref: SCTID:370641002 xref: TAO:0000578 xref: ZFA:0000578 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="TAO"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011609 ! ceratohyal element relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011610 {source="TAO"} ! ceratohyal cartilage property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps ceratohyal-branchiostegal ray joint (TAO:0001850)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000578", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps ceratohyal-dorsal hypohyal joint (TAO:0001843)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000578", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps ceratohyal-ventral hypohyal joint (TAO:0001844)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000578", ontology="TAO"} property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: overlaps epihyal-ceratohyal joint (TAO:0001842)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000578", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and articulates with the hypohyal cartilage or bone, dorsal and ventral hypohyals, and posterior ceratohyal posteriorly.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000578", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0003998 [Term] id: UBERON:0011612 name: hypohyal cartilage xref: TAO:0001868 is_a: UBERON:0011004 {source="TAO"} ! pharyngeal arch cartilage is_a: UBERON:0011613 ! hypohyal element property_value: external_definition "Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is bilaterally paired and articulates posteriorly with the ceratohyal cartilage.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001868", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011613 name: hypohyal element def: "The hypohyal is a ventral element of the hyoid arch which links the ceratohyal and the basihyal." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/gill_arches/hypohyal.html] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010522 ! replacement element relationship: part_of UBERON:0011153 {source="TAO-abduced"} ! ventral hyoid arch skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011614 name: basihyal element def: "Skeletal element that is median and is the anterior-most element of the ventral hyoid arch." [TAO:0001891] xref: TAO:0001891 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010522 ! replacement element relationship: part_of UBERON:0011153 {source="TAO"} ! ventral hyoid arch skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011615 name: basihyal cartilage def: "Pharyngeal arch cartilage that is median and is the anterior-most cartilage of the ventral hyoid arch." [TAO:0001510] synonym: "copula 1" EXACT [TAO:0001510] xref: TAO:0001510 xref: ZFA:0001510 is_a: UBERON:0011004 {source="TAO"} ! pharyngeal arch cartilage is_a: UBERON:0011614 {source="TAO"} ! basihyal element [Term] id: UBERON:0011618 name: basihyal bone def: "Replacement bone that is median and is the anterior-most bone of the ventral hyoid arch." [TAO:0000316] synonym: "basihyoid" EXACT [TAO:0000316] synonym: "glossohyal" EXACT [TAO:0000316] xref: TAO:0000316 xref: VSAO_RETIRED:0000007 xref: ZFA:0000316 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="TAO"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone is_a: UBERON:0011614 {source="TAO"} ! basihyal element relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011615 {source="TAO"} ! basihyal cartilage property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0003999 [Term] id: UBERON:0011619 name: stylohyoid bone def: "This is the paired bone that makes up the segment of the mammalian hyoid apparatus connecting the epihyoids with the skull via the tympanohyoid cartilages on each side. Ventrally, it defines the medial and lateral compartments of the guttural pouch in the horse." [MURDOCH:1758] comment: Taxon notes: The stylohyoid bone is one of the four bones ( stylohyoid, ceratohyoid, basihyoid, thyrohyoid) of the hyoid apparatus in the horse. Other species have five bones, the fifth being the epihyoid that is not present in the horse. The stylohyoid bone in the horse is significantly larger compared to other bones of the hyoid apparatus and divides the guttural pouch into two chambers, medial and lateral. The hyoid apparatus consists of a series of bony rods, jointed together and forming a means of suspending the tongue and larynx from the skull[MURDOCH] xref: SCTID:370715004 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0011620 name: basihyal lingual process def: "A projection on the basihyal bone. Laterally the lingual process is compressed. It has a blunt pointed free end, and its lateral surfaces are slightly concave. The dorsal border is thin and irregular, and the ventral border is thick and rough. In the living animal the lingual process is embedded within the root of the tongue." [MURDOCH:1080] synonym: "lingual process of basihyoid" EXACT [] synonym: "lingual process of basihyoid bone" EXACT [] synonym: "lingual process of hyoid" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0004530 ! bony projection is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0011618 ! basihyal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011621 name: thyrohyoid cartilage def: "This small finger of cartilage completes the connection between the thyrohyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage (rostral cornu)" [MURDOCH:2033] is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011004 {source="TAO"} ! pharyngeal arch cartilage relationship: connects UBERON:0011622 ! thyrohyoid bone relationship: connects UBERON:0011623 ! horn of thyroid cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0011622 name: thyrohyoid bone def: "Is a laterally bowed, sagitally compressed, slender element that extends from dorsocaudally from the lateral parts of the basihyoid. It connects the basiohyoid with the rostral corner of the thyroid cartlilage of the larynx." [MURDOCH:1951] xref: SCTID:370708007 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0002513 ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0003462 ! facial bone relationship: connects UBERON:0011618 ! basihyal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0011623 ! horn of thyroid cartilage relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0011623 name: horn of thyroid cartilage synonym: "cornu of thyroid cartilage" EXACT [FMA:55300] synonym: "thyroid cartilage horn" EXACT [FMA:55300] xref: FMA:55300 xref: SCTID:279518009 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004765 ! skeletal element is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001738 ! thyroid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0011624 name: superior horn of thyroid cartilage def: "The superior horn of thyroid cartilage is long and narrow, directed upward, backward, and medialward, and ends in a conical extremity, which gives attachment to the lateral hyothyroid ligament." [Wikipedia:Superior_horn_of_thyroid_cartilage] synonym: "cornu superius (cartilago thyroidea)" EXACT [FMA:55294] synonym: "cornu superius cartilaginis thyroideae" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "superior cornu of thyroid cartilage" EXACT [FMA:55294] xref: FMA:55294 xref: SCTID:279520007 is_a: UBERON:0011623 {source="FMA"} ! horn of thyroid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0011625 name: inferior horn of thyroid cartilage def: "The inferior horn of thyroid cartilage is short and thick; it is directed downward, with a slight inclination forward and medialward, and presents, on the medial side of its tip, a small oval articular facet for articulation with the side of the cricoid cartilage." [Wikipedia:Inferior_horn_of_thyroid_cartilage] synonym: "cornu inferius (cartilago thyroidea)" EXACT [FMA:55297] synonym: "cornu inferius cartilaginis thyroideae" EXACT LATIN [] xref: FMA:55297 xref: SCTID:279521006 is_a: UBERON:0011623 {source="FMA"} ! horn of thyroid cartilage [Term] id: UBERON:0011626 name: tympanohyoid cartilage def: "the terminal segment in the chain of skeletal elements of the hyoid apparatus. One of a pair of rods of cartilage that connect the hyoid bone to the styloid process of the petrous part of the temporal bone" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tympanohyoid] xref: SCTID:370702008 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011004 ! pharyngeal arch cartilage relationship: connects UBERON:0001685 ! hyoid bone relationship: connects UBERON:0003960 ! styloid process of temporal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0010272 ! hyoid apparatus [Term] id: UBERON:0011627 name: orbital part of frontal bone def: "The orbital or horizontal part of the frontal bone (pars orbitalis) consists of two thin triangular plates, the orbital plates, which form the vaults of the orbits, and are separated from one another by a median gap, the ethmoidal notch." [Wikipedia:Orbital_part_of_frontal_bone] synonym: "pars orbitalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Orbital_part_of_frontal_bone] synonym: "pars orbitalis (os frontale)" EXACT [FMA:52849] xref: FMA:52849 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005913 ! zone of bone organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0000209 ! tetrapod frontal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0002517 {source="FMA"} ! basicranium [Term] id: UBERON:0011628 name: early premaxilla xref: EHDAA2:0001495 is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure is_a: UBERON:0007842 {source="EHDAA2"} ! membrane bone is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010334 {source="EHDAA2"} ! maxillary process mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 ! embryo relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003277 {source="EHDAA2"} ! skeleton of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0009526 {source="EHDAA2"} ! maxillary process mesenchyme [Term] id: UBERON:0011629 name: supratemporal bone synonym: "supratemporal" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="temporal series"} ! dermatocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0011630 name: intertemporal bone synonym: "intertemporal" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="temporal series"} ! dermatocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0011631 name: tabular bone synonym: "tabular" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002514 ! intramembranous bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="temporal series"} ! dermatocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0011634 name: ectopterygoid bone def: "a palatal bone which -- like many palatal bones -- may originally have developed as a dermal bone replacing part of the palatoquadrate, the primitive upper jaw. Like the palatine (also called dermopalatine), the ectopterygoid replaces the middle part of the autopalatine. It may be serially homologous with the palatine(s), but is somewhat specialized, being the last (most posterior in palatal view) of the series and bordering the fossa for the jaw muscles. In a typical tetrapod it abuts the palatine anteriorly, the maxilla laterally, the pterygoid or the fossa mandubuaris medially, and the fossa posteriorly" [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryE.html] comment: Provenance notes: taken from TAO but is present in tetrapods synonym: "ectopterygoid" EXACT [TAO:0000656] xref: TAO:0000656 xref: ZFA:0000656 is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="TAO"} ! dermal bone is_a: UBERON:0012071 ! palate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 {source="Kardong", notes="palatal series"} ! palatal part of dermatocranium property_value: external_comment "The ectopterygoid is often toothed.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-06", external_class="TAO:0000656", ontology="TAO", source="Curator"} property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone that forms the lateral border of the palate and articulates with the quadrate posteriorly, the entopterygoid medially and the dermopalatine and/or autopalatine antero-laterally. The ectopterygoid is a paired bone.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000656", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:ga_tg", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: serially_homologous_to UBERON:0001682 {notes="may be serially homologous with the palatines", source="http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/palatal-palatines.html"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011635 name: splenial bone synonym: "splenial" EXACT [AAO:0000573] xref: AAO:0000573 xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/images/Dentary1.gif is_a: UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="AAO"} ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="mandibular series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 {source="AAO"} ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011636 name: surangular bone def: "The surangular is a dermal bone of the lower jaw. It typically covers much of the dorsal and lateral surface of the posterior jaw and variably extends onto the medial (inside) surface. The surangular articulates with and supports the articular, which forms the jaw joint with the quadrate in most vertebrates, and is in turn supported by the angular. More distally, the surangular bridges the mandibular fenestra, if one is present. It may also bear a raised dorsal coronoid process, an important attachment site for the mandibular adductors. At its distal (or rostral) end, the surangular meets the dentary, the main tooth-bearing bone of the lower jaw in most vertebrates." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/mandibular-surangular.html] comment: Taxon notes: "Nevertheless, it is not completely clear that this[osteichthyans] surangular is homologous with the surangular in tetrapods"[paleos] In some lepospondyls, and in frogs and salamanders, the surangular is absent. However, it becomes increasingly significant in the anthracosaur lineage. In turtles, it is one of the two principle bones of the lower jaw. In lepidosaurs, it is less important because of the development of a separate coronoid bone. In advanced lizards and pythonomorphs, it may fuse with the articular and perhaps other bones and loses its separate identity. In syanapsids, a secondary jaw joint develops between the surangular and the squamosal, which becomes the unique mammalian jaw articulation. However, the surangular fuses with the dentary and becomes the unitary mammalian "mandible" without a separate identity synonym: "surangular" EXACT [TAO:0002287] xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/images/Dentary1.gif xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/images/Surangular1.gif xref: TAO:0002287 is_a: UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="Palaeos", source="TAO"} ! dermal bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0004744 ! articular/anguloarticular relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="mandibular series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 {source="paleos.com"} ! skeleton of lower jaw property_value: external_definition "Dermal bone of the suspensorium.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0002287", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011637 name: prearticular bone def: "Osseous element of intramembranous origin that extends along the lingual margin of Meckel's cartilage." [AAO:0000458] synonym: "prearticular" EXACT [AAO:0000458] xref: AAO:0000458 xref: http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/bones/dermal/images/Dentary1.gif is_a: UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="AAO"} ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="mandibular series"} ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 {source="AAO"} ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011638 name: pharyngeal arch 8 synonym: "branchial arch 6" RELATED [] synonym: "gill arch 6" EXACT [] synonym: "visceral arch 8" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0008896 {source="TAO"} ! post-hyoid pharyngeal arch property_value: pharyngeal_arch_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0011639 name: frontoparietal bone def: "A anuran dermal bone that usually is paired and roofs the braincase." [AAO:0000207] synonym: "fronto-parietaux" RELATED [AAO:0000207] synonym: "frontoparietal" EXACT [AAO:0000207] synonym: "os fronto-parietale" RELATED [AAO:0000207] synonym: "parietaux" RELATED [AAO:0000207] synonym: "parietofrontal" RELATED [AAO:0000207] xref: AAO:0000207 is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="AAO"} ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 {source="Kardong", notes="orbital series"} ! dermatocranium property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0000209 property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0000210 [Term] id: UBERON:0011640 name: palatoglossal arch def: "A fold that lies between the mouth and pharynx and marks the posterior border of the mouth" [ISBN10:0073040584, Wikipedia:Palatoglossal_arch] synonym: "anterior pillar of fauces" EXACT [FMA:55024] synonym: "arcus glossopalatinus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palatoglossal_arch] synonym: "arcus palatoglossus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Palatoglossal_arch] synonym: "glossopalatine arch" EXACT [FMA:55024] synonym: "plica anterior faucium" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:55024 xref: SCTID:276958001 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cluster is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0000165 ! mouth relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0001042 ! chordate pharynx relationship: part_of UBERON:0001555 ! digestive tract [Term] id: UBERON:0011641 name: odontogenic papilla of molar def: "A odontogenic papilla that is part of a molar tooth [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "molar mesenchyme" EXACT [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "molar odontogenic papilla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "molar tooth odontogenic papilla" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "odontogenic papilla of molar tooth" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0001763 ! odontogenic papilla is_a: UBERON:0010258 ! mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003655 intersection_of: UBERON:0001763 ! odontogenic papilla intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth relationship: develops_from UBERON:0010259 {source="EHDAA2-abduced"} ! 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0003655 ! molar tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0011642 name: oral epithelium from ectoderm xref: EHDAA2:0004137 is_a: UBERON:0000490 {source="EHDAA2"} ! unilaminar epithelium is_a: UBERON:0003350 ! epithelium of mucosa is_a: UBERON:0003929 ! gut epithelium is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002424 intersection_of: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium intersection_of: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002424 ! oral epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0000924 ! ectoderm relationship: develops_from UBERON:0009479 {source="EHDAA2"} ! ectoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane relationship: part_of UBERON:0002424 ! oral epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0011643 name: puboischiofemoralis internus muscle def: " a single large dorsal limb rotator muscle in lower tetrapods that runs from the lumber region and girdle to the femur." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: Taxon notes: 3 muscles differentiate from this: psoas, iliacus and pectineus. synonym: "puboischiofemoralis internus" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001325 ! muscle of pelvis is_a: UBERON:0004518 ! muscle of vertebral column relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 {source="Kardong"} ! femur relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0002414 {source="Kardong"} ! lumbar vertebra [Term] id: UBERON:0011644 name: puboischiofemoralis externus muscle def: " a single large ventral muscle in lower tetrapods that runs from the pubis and aschium to the femur." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: Taxon notes: obturator externus and quadratus femoris are derivatives synonym: "puboischiofemoralis externus" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001325 ! muscle of pelvis relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 {source="Kardong"} ! femur relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001274 ! ischium relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001275 ! pubis [Term] id: UBERON:0011645 name: iliofemoralis muscle def: "Limb extensor that runs from ilium to femur." [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "iliofemoralis" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001325 ! muscle of pelvis relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 intersection_of: UBERON:0001325 ! muscle of pelvis intersection_of: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur intersection_of: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 ! ilium relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0000981 ! femur relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001273 ! ilium [Term] id: UBERON:0011646 name: patagialis muscle subset: grouping_class is_a: UBERON:0008196 ! muscle of pectoral girdle relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0001105 ! clavicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0010856 ! patagium [Term] id: UBERON:0011647 name: depressor mandibulae muscle comment: Taxon notes: Homolog of levator operculi and epihyoidean - or in mammals, the stapedius (the digastric opens the jaws)[Kardong] The (sphenodon) m. Depressor Mandibulae originates from the posterodorsal edge of the parietal and squamosal, and from a small mid-line portion of connective tissue[http://palaeo-electronica.org/2009_2/179/other.htm] synonym: "depressor labi mandibularis" EXACT [] synonym: "depressor labi mandibularis muscle" EXACT [] synonym: "depressor mandibulae" EXACT [AAO:0010715] xref: AAO:0010715 xref: VHOG:0000813 is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0011648 {source="AAO"} ! jaw muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003066 {source="Kardong"} ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="Kardong"} ! facial nerve property_value: homology_notes "The depressor mandibulae of tetrapods, which opens the jaws, is the homologue of the levator operculi and epihyoidean. In mammals, the depressor mandibulae evolves into the stapedius (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000813", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.398", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011648 name: jaw muscle synonym: "mandibular muscle" EXACT [TAO:0000236] synonym: "mandibular muscles" EXACT PLURAL [TAO:0000236] xref: AAO:0000247 xref: TAO:0000236 xref: XAO:0003269 xref: ZFA:0000236 is_a: UBERON:0002376 ! muscle of head [Term] id: UBERON:0011649 name: levator operculi def: "Hyoid muscle that originates at the ventrolateral margin of the pterotic and inserts in the dorsomesial edge of the opercle. The levator operculi is responible for jaw depression, its force of contraction is transmitted through the opercular series and the interoperculo-mandibular ligament to the lower jaw." [ZFA:0000537] comment: inserts onto operculum[Kardong] synonym: "levator operculae" EXACT [ZFA:0000537] synonym: "levator operculi muscle" EXACT [] xref: TAO:0000537 xref: VHOG:0000813 xref: ZFA:0000537 is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0005493 {source="ZFA"} ! hyoid muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003066 {source="Kardong"} ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="Kardong"} ! facial nerve property_value: homology_notes "The depressor mandibulae of tetrapods, which opens the jaws, is the homologue of the levator operculi and epihyoidean. In mammals, the depressor mandibulae evolves into the stapedius (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000813", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.398", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011650 name: epihyoidean comment: Muscle in sharks that is homologous to levator operculi and depressor mandibulae / stapedius xref: VHOG:0000813 is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0005493 ! hyoid muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003066 {source="Kardong"} ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="Kardong"} ! facial nerve property_value: homology_notes "The depressor mandibulae of tetrapods, which opens the jaws, is the homologue of the levator operculi and epihyoidean. In mammals, the depressor mandibulae evolves into the stapedius (...).[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000813", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.398", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011651 name: ventral head of rib def: "Ventral head of a bicapitate rib. It articulates with the parapophysis[AAO]." [AAO:0000723] comment: Taxon notes: Ribs of primitive tetrapods are bicipital (having two heads)[Kardong]. synonym: "capitulum" NARROW [] synonym: "capitulum of rib" EXACT [AAO:0000723] xref: AAO:0000723 is_a: UBERON:0002230 ! head of rib relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003109 intersection_of: UBERON:0002230 ! head of rib intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0003109 ! parapophysis relationship: connected_to UBERON:0003109 ! parapophysis [Term] id: UBERON:0011652 name: dorsal head of rib def: "Dorsal head of a bicapitate rib. It articulates with the diapophysis[AAO]." [AAO:0000722] comment: Taxon notes: Ribs of primitive tetrapods are bicipital (having two heads)[Kardong]. Terminology notes: sometimes called the tuberculum, but not to be confused with the tubercle, which is between body and neck synonym: "tuberculum" BROAD [AAO:0000722] synonym: "tuberculum of rib" EXACT [] xref: AAO:0000722 is_a: UBERON:0002230 ! head of rib relationship: connected_to UBERON:0011653 intersection_of: UBERON:0002230 ! head of rib intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0011653 ! diapophysis of rib relationship: connected_to UBERON:0011653 ! diapophysis of rib [Term] id: UBERON:0011653 name: diapophysis of rib def: "Paired processes that arise near the midpoint of the neural arch lamina, for the attachment of the tuberculum of two-headed ribs. Also called transverse processes. In anurans, the term diapophysis is used in reference to the modified transverse processes of the sacral vertebra elaborated for support of the pelvic girdle." [AAO:0000706] synonym: "diapophysis" EXACT [AAO:0000706] xref: AAO:0000706 is_a: UBERON:0004529 {source="AAO"} ! anatomical projection relationship: part_of UBERON:0003861 {source="Kardong"} ! neural arch [Term] id: UBERON:0011655 name: interclavicle def: "Dermal bone of pectoral girdle that is median and ventral in position." [VSAO:0000161] comment: See discussion on pectoral girdles - change relationship to overlaps? Kardong: enlarged oval scale. // Present in therapids and monotremes, reduced in size in marsupials and placentals. xref: VSAO:0000161 is_a: UBERON:0007829 ! pectoral girdle bone is_a: UBERON:0008907 {source="VSAO"} ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007831 {source="VSAO"} ! skeleton of pectoral girdle [Term] id: UBERON:0011657 name: dermal element of plastron def: "Fused ventral dermal element constituting the plastron." [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "plastral plate" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0008907 ! dermal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0008276 ! plastron [Term] id: UBERON:0011658 name: epiplastron def: "A paired bone at the anterior margin of the plastron." [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "clavicle" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0011657 ! dermal element of plastron [Term] id: UBERON:0011659 name: entoplastron def: "A median bone at the anterior margin of the plastron." [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "interclavicle" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0011657 ! dermal element of plastron property_value: has_fused_element UBERON:0001105 [Term] id: UBERON:0011660 name: hypoplastron is_a: UBERON:0011657 ! dermal element of plastron [Term] id: UBERON:0011661 name: xiphiplastron is_a: UBERON:0011657 ! dermal element of plastron [Term] id: UBERON:0011662 name: plastron-carapice bridge synonym: "bridge struct" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0008276 ! plastron [Term] id: UBERON:0011663 name: anterior plastron-carapice bridge synonym: "anterior bridge struct" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0011662 ! plastron-carapice bridge [Term] id: UBERON:0011664 name: posterior plastron-carapice bridge synonym: "posterior bridge struct" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0011662 ! plastron-carapice bridge [Term] id: UBERON:0011665 name: carapace bone def: "Fused dorsal element constituting the carapace of a turtle shell." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: The carapace contains a mix of dermal bone and rib cage synonym: "carapace plate" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0008275 ! carapace [Term] id: UBERON:0011666 name: peripheral plate of carapace def: "One of a series of bones around the edge of the carapace." [ISBN10:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0011665 ! carapace bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011667 name: pleural plate of carapace def: "One of eight pairs of plates on the carapace, forming two rows adjacent to the peripheral plates." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: A combination of ribs and fused dermal bone[WP] is_a: UBERON:0011665 ! carapace bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011668 name: nuchal plate of carapace def: "." [ISBN10:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0011665 ! carapace bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011669 name: neural plate of carapace def: "One of a series of plates on the dorsal midline of the turtle shell, posterior to the nuchal bone." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: In many species of Pleurodire they are submerged below the pleurals[WP] is_a: UBERON:0011665 ! carapace bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011670 name: pygal plate of carapace def: "One of three plates on the posterior end of the carapace, posterior to the neural plates." [ISBN10:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0011665 ! carapace bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011671 name: nuchal bone def: "A single bone on the anterior end of the carapace." [ISBN10:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0011665 ! carapace bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011672 name: suprapygal bone def: "." [ISBN10:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0011665 ! carapace bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011673 name: plastron scute is_a: UBERON:0008201 ! scute relationship: part_of UBERON:0008276 intersection_of: UBERON:0008201 ! scute intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008276 ! plastron relationship: part_of UBERON:0008276 ! plastron [Term] id: UBERON:0011674 name: carapace scute is_a: UBERON:0008201 ! scute relationship: part_of UBERON:0008275 intersection_of: UBERON:0008201 ! scute intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008275 ! carapace relationship: part_of UBERON:0008275 ! carapace [Term] id: UBERON:0011675 name: perichordal ring def: "Enlarged section of perichordal tube that is arranged serially but out of phase with segmental musculature." [ISBN10:0073040584] xref: AAO:0000738 is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007862 {source="AAO"} ! perichordal tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011676 name: axial subdivision of organism def: "A major subdivision of an organism that divides an organism along its anterio-posterior axis. In vertebrates, this is based on the vertebral column." [UBERON:cjm] subset: upper_level is_a: UBERON:0000475 ! organism subdivision [Term] id: UBERON:0011677 name: trunk vertebra def: "A vertebra in the trunk region. For tetrapods, includes lumbar and thoracic vertebrae. Excludes cervical, caudal, sacral (if present)." [UBERONREF:0000006] synonym: "abdominal vertebra" RELATED [TAO:0000263] synonym: "abdominal vertebrae" RELATED [TAO:0000263] synonym: "precaudal vertebra" RELATED [TAO:0000263] synonym: "precaudal vertebrae" RELATED PLURAL [TAO:0000263] synonym: "thoracolumbar vertebra" EXACT [] synonym: "trunk vertebra" RELATED [TAO:0000263] synonym: "trunk vertebrae" RELATED [TAO:0000263] xref: TAO:0000263 xref: ZFA:0000263 is_a: UBERON:0003463 ! trunk bone is_a: UBERON:0004247 ! back bone is_a: UBERON:0004451 ! trunk or cervical vertebra relationship: part_of UBERON:0009568 intersection_of: UBERON:0002412 ! vertebra intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0009568 ! trunk region of vertebral column relationship: part_of UBERON:0009568 ! trunk region of vertebral column property_value: external_definition "Post-Weberian vertebrae lacking hemal spines (Weitzman, 1962), refers generally to the anterior vertebral region bounding the abdominal cavity. Alternate but not quite synonymous terms are abdominal or trunk vertebrae, which bear parapophyses and ribs. In many actinopterygians dorsal to the posterior abdominal cavity there are transitional vertebrae lacking ribs but also without hemal spines or sometimes even enclosed hemal arches. The primary definition would identify these vertebrae as precaudal. Bird and Mabee, 2003.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0000263", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011678 name: hindlimb intermedium synonym: "intermedium (hind)" EXACT [AAO:0000923] xref: AAO:0000923 is_a: UBERON:0011679 ! proximal tarsal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011679 name: proximal tarsal bone is_a: UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone relationship: connected_to UBERON:0010720 intersection_of: UBERON:0001447 ! tarsal bone intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton relationship: connected_to UBERON:0010720 ! hindlimb zeugopod skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011683 name: adductor mandibulae synonym: "dorsal adductor mandibulae" EXACT [ZFA:0007049] synonym: "m. adductor mandibulae" EXACT [] xref: TAO:0007049 xref: ZFA:0007049 is_a: UBERON:0011648 {source="ZFA"} ! jaw muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 {source="Kardong"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {source="Kardong"} ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011684 name: levator palatoquadrati is_a: UBERON:0011648 {source="Kardong"} ! jaw muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 {source="Kardong"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {source="Kardong"} ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011685 name: preorbitalis is_a: UBERON:0011648 {source="Kardong"} ! jaw muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 {source="Kardong"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {source="Kardong"} ! mandibular nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0011683 {source="Kardong"} ! adductor mandibulae [Term] id: UBERON:0011686 name: spiracularis is_a: UBERON:0011648 {source="Kardong"} ! jaw muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0004362 {source="Kardong"} ! pharyngeal arch 1 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0000375 {source="Kardong"} ! mandibular nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011687 name: levator hyomandibulae muscle synonym: "levator hyomandibulae" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001577 ! facial muscle is_a: UBERON:0005493 ! hyoid muscle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003066 {source="Kardong"} ! pharyngeal arch 2 relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001647 {source="Kardong"} ! facial nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011688 name: pre-enameloid def: "Odontoid tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by odontoblasts and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix." [VSAO:0000114] synonym: "non-mineralized enameloid tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator] xref: VSAO:0000114 xref: XAO:0004203 is_a: UBERON:0010365 {source="VSAO"} ! odontoid tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011692 name: enameloid def: "Skeletal tissue that is hypermineralized and aprismatic and deposited by a combination of ameloblasts and odontoblasts that are excluded from the matrix. Enameloid develops from pre-enameloid tissue." [VSAO:0000113] synonym: "bitypic enamel" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "durodentine" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "enameloid tissue" EXACT [VSAO:curator] synonym: "vitrodentine" EXACT [VSAO:curator] xref: VHOG:0001565 xref: VSAO:0000113 xref: XAO:0004199 xref: ZFA:0005142 is_a: UBERON:0010365 {source="VSAO"} ! odontoid tissue relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011688 {source="VSAO"} ! pre-enameloid relationship: part_of UBERON:0001091 {source="ZFA"} ! calcareous tooth [Term] id: UBERON:0011693 name: extraembryonic portion of umbilical artery synonym: "extraembryonic umbilical artery" EXACT [VHOG:0001157] xref: VHOG:0001157 is_a: UBERON:0003520 ! pelvis blood vessel is_a: UBERON:0004573 ! systemic artery is_a: UBERON:0005292 ! extraembryonic tissue is_a: UBERON:0010303 ! extraembryonic epithelium relationship: branch_of UBERON:0001309 {source="FMA"} ! internal iliac artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0001310 ! umbilical artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0007807 {source="EHDAA2"} ! connecting stalk blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0011694 name: embryo portion of umbilical artery def: "Each of the two arteries arising from the hypogastric arteries of the fetus and passing throught the umbilical cord to the placenta." [VHOG:0000599] synonym: "embryonic umbilical artery" EXACT [VHOG:0000599] xref: VHOG:0000599 is_a: UBERON:0001637 ! artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0004572 {source="VHOG"} ! arterial system property_value: external_definition "Each of the two arteries arising from the hypogastric arteries of the fetus and passing throught the umbilical cord to the placenta. [Dorian_AF, Elsevier's_encyclopaedic_dictionary_of_medicine, Part_B:_Anatomy_(1988)_Amsterdam_etc.:_Elsevier][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000599", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011695 name: embryonic cardiovascular system synonym: "conceptus cardiovascular system" EXACT [] synonym: "embryonic circulatory system" RELATED [] xref: EHDAA2:0000216 is_a: UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system relationship: part_of UBERON:0004716 intersection_of: UBERON:0004535 ! cardiovascular system intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004716 ! conceptus relationship: part_of UBERON:0004716 ! conceptus [Term] id: UBERON:0011696 name: left extraembryonic umbilical artery synonym: "extraembryonic umbilical artery left" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000937] xref: EHDAA2:0000937 is_a: UBERON:0011693 ! extraembryonic portion of umbilical artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0011695 ! embryonic cardiovascular system [Term] id: UBERON:0011697 name: right extraembryonic umbilical artery synonym: "extraembryonic umbilical artery right" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001721] xref: EHDAA2:0001721 is_a: UBERON:0011693 ! extraembryonic portion of umbilical artery relationship: part_of UBERON:0007807 {source="EHDAA2"} ! connecting stalk blood vessel [Term] id: UBERON:0011698 name: midgut loop def: "Portion of midgut after it bends around the superior mesenteric artery" [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] xref: EMAPA:17036 xref: ncithesaurus:Midgut_Loop xref: VHOG:0000673 is_a: UBERON:0004921 ! subdivision of digestive tract relationship: part_of UBERON:0001045 {source="VHOG"} ! midgut [Term] id: UBERON:0011737 name: caudate lobe hepatic sinusoids synonym: "liver right caudate lobe hepatic sinusoids" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001006] xref: EHDAA2:0001006 xref: EHDAA:6992 xref: EMAPA:18314 xref: VHOG:0000711 is_a: UBERON:0009548 ! hepatic sinusoid of left of lobe of liver is_a: UBERON:0009549 ! hepatic sinusoid of right of lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001117 intersection_of: UBERON:0001281 ! hepatic sinusoid intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001117 ! caudate lobe of liver relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001117 {source="EHDAA2"} ! caudate lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001117 ! caudate lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0011738 name: quadrate lobe hepatic sinusoids synonym: "liver right quadrate lobe hepatic sinusoids" EXACT [EHDAA2:0001013] xref: EHDAA2:0001013 xref: EHDAA:8084 xref: EMAPA:18319 xref: VHOG:0000712 is_a: UBERON:0009549 ! hepatic sinusoid of right of lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001116 intersection_of: UBERON:0001281 ! hepatic sinusoid intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001116 ! quadrate lobe of liver relationship: develops_in UBERON:0001116 {source="EHDAA2"} ! quadrate lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001116 ! quadrate lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0011741 name: cardiac valve leaflet is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000946 ! cardial valve [Term] id: UBERON:0011742 name: aortic valve leaflet synonym: "aortic valve leaflets" EXACT [VHOG:0000819] xref: EMAPA:18627 xref: VHOG:0000819 is_a: UBERON:0011741 ! cardiac valve leaflet relationship: part_of UBERON:0002137 intersection_of: UBERON:0011741 ! cardiac valve leaflet intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002137 ! aortic valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002137 ! aortic valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0010172 {source="MP"} ! bulb of aorta property_value: homology_notes "Extensive conservation of valve developmental mechanisms also has been observed among vertebrate species including chicken, mouse, and human.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000819", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.201566 Combs MD, Yutzey KE, Heart valve development. Circulatory Research (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011745 name: pulmonary valve leaflets xref: EMAPA:18629 xref: VHOG:0000820 is_a: UBERON:0011741 ! cardiac valve leaflet relationship: part_of UBERON:0002146 intersection_of: UBERON:0011741 ! cardiac valve leaflet intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002146 ! pulmonary valve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002146 ! pulmonary valve property_value: homology_notes "Extensive conservation of valve developmental mechanisms also has been observed among vertebrate species including chicken, mouse, and human.[uncertain][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0000820", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.201566 Combs MD, Yutzey KE, Heart valve development. Circulatory Research (2009)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011754 name: genital swelling def: "Paired structures in the human embryo that represent the final stage of development of the caudal end of the external genitals before sexual differentiation. In both males and females the two swellings merge." [Wikipedia:Labioscrotal_swelling] comment: Editor notes: compare with genital tubercle synonym: "labioscrotal swelling" EXACT [] xref: VHOG:0000976 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="EHDAA2"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005876 ! undifferentiated genital tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000990 ! reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0011755 name: female labial swelling synonym: "labial swelling" BROAD [EMAPA:18329] synonym: "labioscrotal swelling of female" EXACT [EMAPA:30423] xref: EHDAA2:0000501 xref: EHDAA:9363 xref: EMAPA:18329 xref: EMAPA:30423 is_a: UBERON:0011754 ! genital swelling relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 intersection_of: UBERON:0011754 ! genital swelling intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0011756 name: male genital swelling synonym: "labioscrotal swelling of male" EXACT [EMAPA:30509] xref: EHDAA2:0001049 is_a: UBERON:0011754 ! genital swelling relationship: part_of UBERON:0003135 intersection_of: UBERON:0011754 ! genital swelling intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0003135 ! male reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0011757 name: differentiated genital tubercle is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005876 ! undifferentiated genital tubercle relationship: part_of UBERON:0004176 ! external reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0011765 name: jugular lymph sac def: "Lymphatic vessels develop from lymph sacs that arise from developing veins, which are derived from mesoderm. The first lymph sacs to appear are the paired jugular lymph sacs at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins." [VHOG:0001000] xref: EMAPA:18249 xref: VHOG:0001000 is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0006558 {source="VHOG"} ! lymphatic part of lymphoid system property_value: external_definition "Lymphatic vessels develop from lymph sacs that arise from developing veins, which are derived from mesoderm. The first lymph sacs to appear are the paired jugular lymph sacs at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic_system][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001000", ontology="VHOG", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} property_value: homology_notes "Lymph hearts are pulsatile organs, present in lower vertebrates, that function to propel lymph into the venous system. Although they are absent in mammals, the initial veno-lymphatic plexus that forms during mammalian jugular lymph sac development has been described as the vestigial homologue of the nascent stage of ancestral anterior lymph hearts.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001000", ontology="VHOG", source="DOI:10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.01.002 Peyrot SM, Martin BL, Harland RM, Lymph heart musculature is under distinct developmental control from lymphatic endothelium. Developmental Biology (2010)", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011766 name: vagus X nerve left recurrent laryngeal branch synonym: "left recurrent laryngeal branch" EXACT [EMAPA:25350] synonym: "left recurrent laryngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:14469] xref: EMAPA:25350 xref: FMA:14469 xref: MA:0001107 xref: SCTID:280300006 is_a: UBERON:0003716 {source="FMA"} ! recurrent laryngeal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011767 name: vagus X nerve right recurrent laryngeal branch synonym: "right recurrent laryngeal branch" EXACT [EMAPA:17275] synonym: "right recurrent laryngeal nerve" EXACT [FMA:14468] xref: EMAPA:17275 xref: FMA:14468 xref: MA:0001108 xref: SCTID:280299003 is_a: UBERON:0003716 {source="FMA"} ! recurrent laryngeal nerve [Term] id: UBERON:0011768 name: pineal gland stalk comment: Editors note: compare with habenula synonym: "epiphyseal stalk" EXACT [ZFA:0001292] synonym: "habenula" RELATED [] synonym: "pineal stalk" EXACT [TAO:0001292] xref: EMAPA:19036 xref: TAO:0001292 xref: VHOG:0001360 xref: ZFA:0001292 is_a: UBERON:0000479 {source="ZFA"} ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001905 {source="EMAPA", source="VHOG"} ! pineal body property_value: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology "relationship loss: part_of pineal complex (TAO:0001359)[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001292", ontology="TAO"} property_value: external_definition "The stalk emanates from the diencephalic roof at a left-of-medial position.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001292", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} property_value: homology_notes "The epithalamus contains the epiphysis (pineal gland and related structures), which is located at the end of a stalk, the epiphyseal stalk.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001360", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0471210054 Butler AB, Hodos W, Comparative vertebrate neuroanatomy: Evolution and Adaptation (2005) p.66", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011769 name: cartilaginous projection def: "Anatomical projection that is composed of cartilage tissue." [VSAO:wd] synonym: "cartilage process" EXACT [] synonym: "cartilaginous process" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 intersection_of: UBERON:0004529 ! anatomical projection intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0002418 ! cartilage tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011770 name: mentomeckelian def: "Paired, cylindrical, and small bones of endochondral origin that lie anteromedial to the anterior end of Meckel's cartilage. The precursors of the mentomeckelian bones are the larval infrarostral cartilages." [AAO:0000301] synonym: "dentale" RELATED [AAO:0000301] synonym: "Pars mentalis" RELATED [AAO:0000301] xref: AAO:0000301 is_a: UBERON:0002513 {source="AAO"} ! endochondral bone is_a: UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0003278 {source="AAO"} ! skeleton of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011771 name: obsolete larval structure def: "Anatomical structure that is part of the larva." [AAO:0000265] comment: Obsolete term in XAO - XAO:0003058 is_obsolete: true [Term] id: UBERON:0011772 name: lower jaw opening xref: AAO:0000273 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0004768 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0004768 ! bone of lower jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011773 name: upper jaw opening xref: AAO:0000621 is_a: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space relationship: part_of UBERON:0011597 intersection_of: UBERON:0000464 ! anatomical space intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw relationship: part_of UBERON:0011597 ! bone of upper jaw [Term] id: UBERON:0011774 name: utriculosaccular duct def: "A duct connecting the the utricle to the saccule in the membranous labyrinth of the ear." [http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/utriculosaccular%20duct] comment: Alternate: leads from the utricle of the internal ear to the endolymphatic duct. - http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/utriculosaccular+duct. We assume a 3-way connection synonym: "Böttcher's canal" EXACT [http://en.wikipedia.org] synonym: "ductus utricosaccularis" EXACT [FMA:61243] synonym: "utricosaccular duct" EXACT [] synonym: "utricosaccular duct of membranous labyrinth" EXACT [FMA:61243] synonym: "utriculo-saccular duct" EXACT [] xref: FMA:61243 xref: SCTID:279811007 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: connects UBERON:0001853 relationship: connects UBERON:0001854 relationship: connects UBERON:0001860 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct relationship: connects UBERON:0001853 ! utricle of membranous labyrinth relationship: connects UBERON:0001854 ! saccule of membranous labyrinth relationship: connects UBERON:0001860 ! endolymphatic duct relationship: part_of UBERON:0001862 {source="MP"} ! vestibular labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0011775 name: vagus nerve nucleus synonym: "nucleus of vagal nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of vagal X nerve" EXACT [] synonym: "nucleus of vagus nerve" EXACT [FMA:54573] synonym: "tenth cranial nerve nucleus" EXACT [FMA:54573] xref: FMA:54573 xref: SCTID:362467005 is_a: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus is_a: UBERON:0009662 ! hindbrain nucleus relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001759 intersection_of: UBERON:0000126 ! cranial nerve nucleus intersection_of: overlaps UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001759 ! vagus nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0002028 ! hindbrain [Term] id: UBERON:0011776 name: spinal cord dorsal commissural nucleus comment: Editors note: check this one synonym: "commissural nucleus of spinal cord" RELATED [FMA:73900] xref: FMA:73900 xref: MA:0001128 is_a: UBERON:0011777 {source="FMA"} ! nucleus of spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0011777 name: nucleus of spinal cord def: "Nucleus of neuraxis which is located within the spinal cord. Example: dorsal nucleus of Clarke, Intermediolateral nucleus." [FMA:77011] synonym: "spinal cord nucleus" EXACT [FMA:77011] xref: FMA:77011 is_a: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus is_a: UBERON:0001948 ! regional part of spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 intersection_of: UBERON:0000125 ! neural nucleus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord relationship: part_of UBERON:0002240 ! spinal cord [Term] id: UBERON:0011778 name: motor nucleus of vagal nerve comment: Usage notes: in ZFA this is the superclass of dorsolateral and medial (which have not been generalized above ZFA). In this ontology it is a broad grouping class covering these zebrafish structures as well as the generalized dorsal motor nucleus synonym: "motor nucleus X" EXACT [ZFA:0000387] synonym: "nucleus motorius of nervi vagi" EXACT LATIN [ZFA:0000387] synonym: "nX" BROAD [ZFA:0000387] synonym: "vagal lobe" RELATED [ZFA:0000387] xref: ZFA:0000387 is_a: UBERON:0011775 ! vagus nerve nucleus [Term] id: UBERON:0011779 name: nerve of head region subset: grouping_class synonym: "cephalic nerve" RELATED [] synonym: "head nerve" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 intersection_of: UBERON:0001021 ! nerve intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:0011782 name: feather follicle def: "a small tubular invagination of the skin with a fleshy dermal papilla at the bottom from which the feather grows. The papilla is inserted in the opening at the end of the quill[TMD]. Forms by invagination of cylinder of epidermal tissue at base of feather bud." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/feather+follicle, http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] comment: The follicle consists of a series of tissue layers (from peripheral to central), including the dermis of the follicle, the epidermis of the follicle (outer epidermal layer), the follicle cavity or lumen (the space between epidermal layers), the follicle (epidermal) collar (or inner epidermal layer), and the dermal pulp (tissue at the center of the follicle). The proliferation of feather keratinocytes and most of the growth of the feather occurs in the follicle, or epidermal, collar (From: Prum 1999). xref: SCTID:68922000 is_a: UBERON:0000481 ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011783 ! feather follicle placode relationship: overlaps UBERON:0000022 ! feather relationship: overlaps UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: overlaps UBERON:0002067 ! dermis [Term] id: UBERON:0011783 name: feather follicle placode def: "an epidermal thickening above a condensation of dermal cells that will give rise to a feather follicle" [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "feather bud primordium" EXACT [PMID:16172986] synonym: "feather placode" EXACT [] synonym: "feather primordium" EXACT [] xref: http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/554images/Feather_follicle_development)v3.jpg is_a: UBERON:0011817 ! follicle placode relationship: develops_into UBERON:0011782 intersection_of: UBERON:0001048 ! primordium intersection_of: develops_into UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle relationship: develops_into UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis [Term] id: UBERON:0011784 name: feather shaft synonym: "feather shaft" EXACT [] synonym: "shaft of feather" EXACT [] synonym: "stem of feather" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:66810005 is_a: UBERON:0000025 ! tube is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather [Term] id: UBERON:0011785 name: ramus of feather barb synonym: "barb ramus" RELATED [] synonym: "main shaft of feather barb" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0008294 ! feather barb [Term] id: UBERON:0011786 name: ramus of feather barbule synonym: "barb ramus" RELATED [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "main shaft of feather barbule" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0008295 ! feather barbule [Term] id: UBERON:0011792 name: feather muscle def: "Similar to erector pili muscles of mammals; attached to the sides of the follicle; capable of elevating or lowering entire groups of feathers." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/feather+follicle] is_a: UBERON:0004253 ! skin muscle relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0011793 name: flight feather def: "." [Wikipedia:Flight_feather] synonym: "contour feather" RELATED [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] is_a: UBERON:0008297 ! pennaceous feather [Term] id: UBERON:0011794 name: rectrix feather def: "A flight feather that lies along a single horizontal row on the rear margin of the anatomical tail. Only the central pair are attached (via ligaments) to the tail bones; the remaining rectrices are embedded into the rectricial bulbs, complex structures of fat and muscle that surround those bones. Rectrices are always paired, with a vast majority of species having six pairs. They are absent in grebes and some ratites, and greatly reduced in size in penguins" [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Rectrices] synonym: "rectrices" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "rectrix" EXACT [] synonym: "retrices" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "retrix" EXACT [] synonym: "retrix feather" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0011793 ! flight feather relationship: part_of UBERON:0002415 intersection_of: UBERON:0011793 ! flight feather intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail relationship: part_of UBERON:0002415 ! tail [Term] id: UBERON:0011795 name: remex feather def: "A flight feather located on the posterior side of the wing" [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Remiges] synonym: "remex" BROAD [] synonym: "remiges" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0004710 ! pectoral appendage is_a: UBERON:0011793 ! flight feather relationship: part_of UBERON:0000024 intersection_of: UBERON:0011793 ! flight feather intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing relationship: part_of UBERON:0000024 ! forelimb wing [Term] id: UBERON:0011796 name: primary remex feather def: "A remex feather that is connected to the manus" [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Primaries] comment: these are the longest and narrowest of the remiges (particularly those attached to the phalanges), and they can be individually rotated. These feathers are especially important for flapping flight, as they are the principal source of thrust, moving the bird forward through the air. Most thrust is generated on the downstroke of flapping flight. However, on the upstroke (when the bird often draws its wing in close to its body), the primaries are separated and rotated, reducing air resistance while still helping to provide some thrust synonym: "primary flight feather" EXACT [] synonym: "primary remex" EXACT [] synonym: "primary remiges" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0011795 ! remex feather relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002398 intersection_of: UBERON:0011795 ! remex feather intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0002398 ! manus relationship: connected_to UBERON:0002398 ! manus [Term] id: UBERON:0011797 name: secondary remex feather def: "A remex feather that is connected to the ulna " [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Secondaries] comment: In some species, the ligaments that bind these remiges to the bone connect to small, rounded projections, known as quill knobs, on the ulna; in other species, no such knobs exist. Secondary feathers remain close together in flight (they cannot be individually separated like the primaries can) and help to provide lift by creating the airfoil shape of the bird's wing. Secondaries tend to be shorter and broader than primaries, with blunter ends synonym: "secondary flight feather" EXACT [] synonym: "secondary remex" EXACT [] synonym: "secondary remiges" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0011795 ! remex feather relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001424 intersection_of: UBERON:0011795 ! remex feather intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0001424 ! ulna relationship: connected_to UBERON:0001424 ! ulna [Term] id: UBERON:0011798 name: tertial remex feather def: "A remex feather that is connected to the humerus." [Wikipedia:Flight_feather#Tertials] comment: ertials are connected to the humerus in some species. These elongated "true" tertials act as a protective cover for all or part of the folded primaries and secondaries, and do not qualify as flight feathers as such.[11] However, many authorities use the term tertials to refer to the shorter, more symmetrical innermost secondaries of passerines (which perform the same function as true tertials) in an effort to distinguish them from the other secondaries. synonym: "tertial flight feather" EXACT [] synonym: "tertial remex" EXACT [] synonym: "tertial remiges" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "tertiary flight feather" EXACT [] synonym: "tertiary remex" EXACT [] synonym: "tertiary remiges" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0011795 ! remex feather relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000976 intersection_of: UBERON:0011795 ! remex feather intersection_of: connected_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus relationship: connected_to UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0011799 name: cavity of feather shaft is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0011784 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft relationship: part_of UBERON:0011784 ! feather shaft [Term] id: UBERON:0011800 name: dermal pulp of feather shaft is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0011799 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011799 ! cavity of feather shaft relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011803 ! feather bud, dermal component relationship: part_of UBERON:0011799 ! cavity of feather shaft [Term] id: UBERON:0011801 name: dermal condensation of feather follicle def: "A suprabasal cell population which together with the feather follicle placode develops into the feather follicle." [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] comment: Taxon notes: The development of placodes where dermal condensations occur, an evolutionary novelty, required changes in gene expression and timing. However, such changes are known to be an important mechanism in the origin of morphological innovations in many other organisms (True and Carroll 2002, Prum 2005) is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011585 ! cell condensation relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0011783 relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 intersection_of: UBERON:0011585 ! cell condensation intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0011783 ! feather follicle placode intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0011783 ! feather follicle placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis [Term] id: UBERON:0011802 name: feather bud synonym: "elongate feather bud" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "feather papilla" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] is_a: UBERON:0005423 ! developing anatomical structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0011803 ! feather bud, dermal component relationship: has_part UBERON:0011804 ! feather bud, epidermal component [Term] id: UBERON:0011803 name: feather bud, dermal component def: "The part of the feather bud formed by a proliferation of dermal cells" [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "dermal core of feather papilla" EXACT [] synonym: "dermal papilla" BROAD [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "dermal papilla of feather bud" EXACT [] synonym: "dermal papilla of feather papilla" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0011802 intersection_of: UBERON:0003104 ! mesenchyme intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011802 ! feather bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011801 ! dermal condensation of feather follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0011802 ! feather bud [Term] id: UBERON:0011804 name: feather bud, epidermal component synonym: "feather bud epithelium" EXACT [] synonym: "feather germ" RELATED [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] is_a: UBERON:0005153 ! epithelial bud is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest is_a: UBERON:0010371 ! ecto-epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0011802 intersection_of: UBERON:0005153 ! epithelial bud intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011802 ! feather bud relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011783 ! feather follicle placode relationship: part_of UBERON:0011802 ! feather bud [Term] id: UBERON:0011805 name: cavity of feather follicle def: "." [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0011782 intersection_of: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0011806 name: dermis of feather follicle is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 relationship: part_of UBERON:0011782 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011804 ! feather bud, epidermal component relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 ! dermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0011807 name: epidermis of feather follicle is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 relationship: part_of UBERON:0011782 intersection_of: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle relationship: develops_from UBERON:0011804 ! feather bud, epidermal component relationship: part_of UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: part_of UBERON:0011782 ! feather follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0011808 name: outer epidermal layer of feather follicle is_a: UBERON:0011807 ! epidermis of feather follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0011809 name: inner epidermal layer of feather follicle comment: The proliferation of feather keratinocytes and most of the growth of the feather occurs here synonym: "epidermal collar" BROAD [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "epidermal collar of feather follicle" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "follicle collar" BROAD [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] synonym: "follicle collar of feather follicle" EXACT [http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/feather_evolution.htm] is_a: UBERON:0011807 ! epidermis of feather follicle [Term] id: UBERON:0011810 name: collection of feathers synonym: "feather coat" EXACT [] synonym: "plumage" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000022 intersection_of: UBERON:0000477 ! anatomical cluster intersection_of: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather relationship: composed_primarily_of UBERON:0000022 ! feather [Term] id: UBERON:0011814 name: non-neurogenic ectodermal placode is_a: UBERON:0005085 {source="cjm"} ! ectodermal placode [Term] id: UBERON:0011817 name: follicle placode comment: Includes hair and feather follicles is_a: UBERON:0011814 {source="NBK53175"} ! non-neurogenic ectodermal placode relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0001003 ! epidermis relationship: has_developmental_contribution_from UBERON:0002067 ! dermis [Term] id: UBERON:0011818 name: superficial fascia def: "Superficial fascia is found in the subcutis in most regions of the body, blending with the reticular layer of the dermis. It is present on the face, over the upper portion of the sternocleidomastoid, at the nape of the neck, and overlying the sternum. It is comprised mainly of loose areolar connective tissue and adipose and is the layer that primarily determines the shape of a body. In addition to its subcutaneous presence, this type of fascia surrounds organs and glands, neurovascular bundles, and is found at many other locations where it fills otherwise unoccupied space. It serves as a storage medium of fat and water; as a passageway for lymph, nerve and blood vessels; and as a protective padding to cushion and insulate. Superficial fascia is present, but does not contain fat, in the eyelids, ear, scrotum, penis and clitoris." [Wikipedia:Superficial_fascia] comment: We follow FMA, BTO, NCIT and WP in making this a distinct class from hypodermis. synonym: "subcutaneous tissue" EXACT [FMA:9630] synonym: "tela subcutanea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: BTO:0004525 xref: FMA:9630 xref: GAID:929 xref: MESH:A.10.165.887 xref: ncithesaurus:Superficial_Fascia xref: SCTID:361713003 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002199 {source="FMA"} ! integument [Term] id: UBERON:0011819 name: lumen of atrioventricular canal synonym: "AVC lumen" EXACT [] synonym: "cavity of atrioventricular canal" EXACT [] synonym: "lumen of AVC" EXACT [] xref: EHDAA2:0000152 is_a: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002087 intersection_of: UBERON:0005082 ! tube lumen intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal relationship: part_of UBERON:0002087 ! atrioventricular canal [Term] id: UBERON:0011820 name: atrioventricular region xref: EHDAA2:0004149 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="EHDAA2"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000948 {source="EHDAA2"} ! heart [Term] id: UBERON:0011821 name: irregular connective tissue def: "Connective tissue, which consists of a population of connective tissue cells, the intercellular matrix of which contains an irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, mucoid tissue, connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium." [FMA:20107] xref: FMA:20107 is_a: UBERON:0002384 {source="FMA"} ! connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011822 name: dense irregular connective tissue def: "Irregular connective tissue is an irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a dense irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium." [FMA:20109, Wikipedia:Dense_irregular_connective_tissue] synonym: "irregular dense connective tissue" EXACT [] synonym: "typus irregularis (textus connectivus collagenosus compactus)" EXACT [FMA:20109] xref: FMA:20109 xref: ncithesaurus:Irregular_Dense_Connective_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0011821 {source="FMA"} ! irregular connective tissue property_value: external_definition "Tissue characterized by a thick, random arrangement of collagen and elastin fibers with very few cells. The majority of the cells are fibroblasts, but mast cells and macrophages may also be seen. It is found in the dermis, periosteum, perichondrium, capsules of organs and sheaths of nerves and muscles[NCIT]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-29", external_class="ncithesaurus:Irregular_Dense_Connective_Tissue", ontology="NCIT"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011823 name: dense connective tissue def: "Dense connective tissue is mainly composed of collagen type I. Crowded between the collagen fibers are rows of fibroblasts, fiber-forming cells, that manufacture the fibers. Dense connective tissue forms strong, rope-like structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones; ligaments connect bones to bones at joints. Ligaments are more stretchy and contain more elastic fibers than tendons. Dense connective tissue also make up the lower layers of the skin (dermis), where it is arranged in sheets" [Wikipedia:Dense_connective_tissue] xref: AAO:0000121 xref: ncithesaurus:Dense_Connective_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0002384 ! connective tissue disjoint_from: UBERON:0011825 ! loose connective tissue property_value: external_definition "Connective tissue in which the fibrous component predominates. The cells, ground substance, and tissue fluid represent a minor component[NCIT]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-29", external_class="ncithesaurus:Dense_Connective_Tissue", ontology="NCIT"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011824 name: fibrous connective tissue xref: FMA:75634 is_a: UBERON:0011822 {source="FMA"} ! dense irregular connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011825 name: loose connective tissue def: "Irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a sparse irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, neuroglial tissue, mucoid tissue." [FMA:19783, Wikipedia:Loose_connective_tissue] xref: FMA:19783 xref: ncithesaurus:Loose_Connective_Tissue is_a: UBERON:0011821 {source="FMA"} ! irregular connective tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011826 name: vestibular gland def: "Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of glandular acini which communicate with the vestibule of vagina. Examples: right vestibular gland, lesser vestibular gland." [FMA:20020, Wikipedia:Vestibular_glands] subset: grouping_class xref: FMA:20020 is_a: UBERON:0005398 ! female reproductive gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000474 ! female reproductive system [Term] id: UBERON:0011827 name: areolar gland def: "Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of acini connected to the surface of the areola or to a lactiferous duct by the duct of areolar gland. Examples: There are variable numbers of areolar glands." [FMA:58090, Wikipedia:Areolar_glands] synonym: "accessory gland of breast" EXACT [FMA:58090] synonym: "accessory gland of Montgomery" EXACT [FMA:58090] synonym: "gland of Montgomery" EXACT [] synonym: "Montgomery's gland" EXACT [] xref: FMA:58090 xref: SCTID:279034002 is_a: UBERON:0003486 ! mammary gland sebaceous gland is_a: UBERON:0005175 ! chest organ relationship: part_of UBERON:0002030 ! nipple [Term] id: UBERON:0011828 name: areolar tubercle synonym: "Montgomery tubercle" EXACT [] synonym: "Montgomery's tubercle" EXACT [] synonym: "tubercle of Montgomery" EXACT [] xref: FMA:58091 xref: ncithesaurus:Montgomery_s_Tubercle is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0005813 {source="FMA"} ! tubercle relationship: overlaps UBERON:0011827 ! areolar gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002030 ! nipple [Term] id: UBERON:0011830 name: duct of lesser vestibular gland synonym: "lesser vestibular gland duct" EXACT [FMA:20094] xref: FMA:20094 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0010146 ! paraurethral duct is_a: UBERON:0011831 ! duct of vestibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000461 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000461 ! minor vestibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0000461 ! minor vestibular gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011831 name: duct of vestibular gland synonym: "vestibular gland duct" EXACT [FMA:20097] xref: FMA:20097 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0011826 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011826 ! vestibular gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0011826 ! vestibular gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011844 name: duct of areolar gland synonym: "areolar gland duct" EXACT [FMA:67744] xref: FMA:67744 is_a: UBERON:0001765 ! mammary duct is_a: UBERON:0008367 ! breast epithelium is_a: UBERON:0011845 ! duct of sebaceous gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0011827 ! areolar gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011845 name: duct of sebaceous gland synonym: "sebaceous gland duct" EXACT [FMA:70947] xref: FMA:70947 is_a: UBERON:0000058 ! duct is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001821 intersection_of: UBERON:0000058 ! duct intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011846 name: acinus of sebaceous gland synonym: "sebaceous gland acinus" EXACT [FMA:59657] xref: FMA:59657 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011858 ! acinus of exocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001821 intersection_of: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001821 ! sebaceous gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011847 name: acinus of parotid gland synonym: "parotid gland acinus" EXACT [FMA:59863] xref: FMA:59863 xref: SCTID:46926004 is_a: UBERON:0011850 ! acinus of salivary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 intersection_of: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001831 ! parotid gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011850 name: acinus of salivary gland synonym: "salivary gland acinus" EXACT [FMA:59870] xref: FMA:59870 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011858 ! acinus of exocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 intersection_of: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001044 ! salivary gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011854 name: acinus of areolar gland synonym: "areolar gland acinus" EXACT [FMA:62081] xref: FMA:62081 is_a: UBERON:0011846 ! acinus of sebaceous gland is_a: UBERON:0011856 ! acinus of lactiferous gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0011827 intersection_of: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011827 ! areolar gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0011827 ! areolar gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011856 name: acinus of lactiferous gland synonym: "lactiferous gland acinus" EXACT [FMA:74438] xref: FMA:74438 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0011858 ! acinus of exocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 intersection_of: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001911 ! mammary gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001912 ! lobule of lactiferous gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011857 name: acinus of lacrimal gland synonym: "lacrimal gland acinus" EXACT [FMA:85250] xref: FMA:85250 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011858 ! acinus of exocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001817 intersection_of: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0001817 ! lacrimal gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011858 name: acinus of exocrine gland synonym: "exocrine gland acinus" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002365 intersection_of: UBERON:0009842 ! acinus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002365 ! exocrine gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011859 name: internal acoustic meatus def: "The internal auditory meatus (also internal acoustic meatus, internal auditory canal, and internal acoustic canal) is a canal in the petrous bone of the temporal bone of the skull that carries nerves from inside the cranium towards the middle and inner ear compartments namely cranial nerve VII and cranial nerve VIII." [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus] comment: Alternate def: The internal acoustic meatus (or internal auditory meatus ) is an opening on the medial surface of the petrous temporal bone. It is through this passageway that the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) and vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII) pass to reach their sites of innervation. The vestibulocochlear nerve divides at the internal acoustic meatus to continue as separate vestibular and cochlear components. [MURDOCH:908] synonym: "internal acoustic canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus] synonym: "internal acoustic meatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus] synonym: "internal auditory canal" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus] synonym: "internal auditory meatus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus] synonym: "porus acusticus internus" RELATED [Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus] xref: FMA:53163 xref: ncithesaurus:Internal_Auditory_Canal_of_Ear xref: SCTID:264484004 xref: Wikipedia:Internal_auditory_meatus is_a: UBERON:0004111 ! anatomical conduit is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001846 {source="MP"} ! internal ear [Term] id: UBERON:0011860 name: collagen fibril comment: Note the FMA class specifically refers to ureter // see also: UBERON:0007377 xref: FMA:63212 xref: MESH:D.12.776.860.300.250.300 xref: NIF_Subcellular:sao7547390221 is_a: UBERON:0000476 {source="ZFA"} ! acellular anatomical structure [Term] id: UBERON:0011861 name: aorta collagen fibril def: "the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of aorta tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [NEW_MP:0011640] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011860 ! collagen fibril relationship: part_of UBERON:0004664 intersection_of: UBERON:0011860 ! collagen fibril intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004664 ! aorta tunica adventitia relationship: part_of UBERON:0004664 ! aorta tunica adventitia [Term] id: UBERON:0011862 name: pulmonary collagen fibril def: "the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of pulmonary tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [NEW_MP:0011641] is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011860 ! collagen fibril relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 intersection_of: UBERON:0011860 ! collagen fibril intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002048 ! lung [Term] id: UBERON:0011863 name: bone collagen fibril def: "the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of bone tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [NEW_MP:0011642] is_a: UBERON:0011860 ! collagen fibril relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 intersection_of: UBERON:0011860 ! collagen fibril intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0001474 ! bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011864 name: tendon collagen fibril def: "the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of tendon tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [NEW_MP:0011643] is_a: UBERON:0011860 ! collagen fibril relationship: part_of UBERON:0000043 intersection_of: UBERON:0011860 ! collagen fibril intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000043 ! tendon relationship: part_of UBERON:0000043 ! tendon [Term] id: UBERON:0011865 name: corneal stroma collagen fibril def: "the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of corneal stroma that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity" [NEW_MP:0011650] is_a: UBERON:0010313 ! neural crest-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011860 ! collagen fibril relationship: part_of UBERON:0001777 intersection_of: UBERON:0011860 ! collagen fibril intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea relationship: part_of UBERON:0001777 ! substantia propria of cornea [Term] id: UBERON:0011866 name: condylar joint def: "In a condyloid joint (condyloid articulation, ellipsoidal joint) an ovoid articular surface, or condyle, is received into an elliptical cavity. This permits movement in two planes, allowing flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction." [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint] synonym: "articulatio ellipsoidea" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint] synonym: "condylar joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint] synonym: "condyloid" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint] synonym: "condyloid articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint] synonym: "condyloid joints" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint] synonym: "ellipsoidal joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Condyloid_joint] xref: FMA:75300 xref: SCTID:335493003 is_a: UBERON:0002217 ! synovial joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011867 name: extensor carpi radialis muscle synonym: "extensor carpi radialis" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0011024 ! extrinsic extensor muscle of manus relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0002374 ! metacarpal bone relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001492 ! radial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000976 ! humerus [Term] id: UBERON:0011868 name: midcarpal joint def: "." [Wikipedia:Midcarpal_joint] synonym: "articulatio mediocarpalis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Midcarpal_joint] synonym: "transverse carpal joint" EXACT [FMA:35293] xref: FMA:35293 xref: SCTID:361841009 is_a: UBERON:0011132 ! intercarpal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001480 ! proximal carpal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001481 ! distal carpal bone [Term] id: UBERON:0011869 name: pisiform joint def: "." [Wikipedia:Pisiform_joint] comment: Wikipedia says pisiform and triquetral- todo check psiotriquetral synonym: "articulatio ossis pisiformis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Pisiform_joint] xref: FMA:73126 is_a: UBERON:0011132 ! intercarpal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001429 relationship: connects UBERON:0002445 intersection_of: UBERON:0011132 ! intercarpal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001429 ! pisiform intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002445 ! triquetral relationship: connects UBERON:0001429 ! pisiform relationship: connects UBERON:0002445 ! triquetral [Term] id: UBERON:0011870 name: pisotriquetral joint xref: FMA:42318 is_a: UBERON:0011132 {source="FMA"} ! intercarpal joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011871 name: nasomaxillary suture synonym: "articulation of the nasal bone with maxilla" RELATED [] synonym: "nasomaxillary suture of skull" EXACT [FMA:52960] xref: FMA:52960 is_a: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture relationship: connects UBERON:0001681 relationship: connects UBERON:0002397 intersection_of: UBERON:0003685 ! cranial suture intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla relationship: connects UBERON:0001681 ! nasal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0002397 ! maxilla [Term] id: UBERON:0011873 name: synarthrosis def: "A synarthrosis is a type of joint which permits very little or no movement under normal conditions. Most synarthrosis joints are fibrous. Suture joints and synchondroses are synarthroses." [Wikipedia:Synarthrosis] synonym: "synarthrodial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Synarthrosis] synonym: "synarthrodial joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Synarthrosis] synonym: "synarthroses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Synarthrosis] xref: ncithesaurus:Synarthrosis is_a: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011874 name: amphiarthrosis def: "Amphiarthrosis is a type of continuous, slightly movable joint." [Wikipedia:Amphiarthrosis] synonym: "amphiarthrodial" RELATED [Wikipedia:Amphiarthrosis] synonym: "amphiarthroses" RELATED [Wikipedia:Amphiarthrosis] xref: FMA:76693 xref: ncithesaurus:Amphiarthrosis is_a: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011875 name: ligament of sternoclavicular joint synonym: "ligamentum sternoclavicularis" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "sternoclavicular joint ligament" EXACT [FMA:63980] xref: FMA:63980 xref: SCTID:182386007 is_a: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament relationship: part_of UBERON:0001469 intersection_of: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001469 ! sternoclavicular joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001469 ! sternoclavicular joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011876 name: body of tongue def: "the oral part of the tongue anterior to the terminal sulcus." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/body-of-tongue.html] synonym: "corpus linguae" EXACT LATIN [http://www.drugs.com/dict/body-of-tongue.html] synonym: "tongue body" EXACT [FMA:54641] xref: FMA:54641 xref: SCTID:362090005 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 {source="FMA"} ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0011877 name: margin of tongue def: "the lateral border that separates the dorsum from the inferior surface of the tongue on each side, the two borders meeting anteriorly at the apex.." [http://www.drugs.com/dict/margin-of-tongue.html] synonym: "margo linguae" EXACT LATIN [http://www.drugs.com/dict/margin-of-tongue.html] synonym: "tongue margin" EXACT [FMA:54650] xref: FMA:54650 xref: SCTID:368572007 xref: SCTID:368594004 is_a: UBERON:0006800 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical line relationship: part_of UBERON:0001723 ! tongue [Term] id: UBERON:0011878 name: muscle layer of esophagus synonym: "muscle coat of esophagus" EXACT [FMA:62998] synonym: "muscular coat of oesophagus" EXACT [FMA:62998] synonym: "muscular layer of oesophagus" EXACT [FMA:62998] synonym: "tunica muscularis esophagi" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "tunica muscularis oesophageae" EXACT LATIN [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:62998 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 intersection_of: UBERON:0006660 ! muscle layer intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001096 ! wall of esophagus [Term] id: UBERON:0011879 name: mesorchium def: "The testes, at an early period of fetal life, are placed at the back part of the abdominal cavity, behind the peritoneum, and each is attached by a peritoneal fold, the mesorchium, to the mesonephros." [Wikipedia:Mesorchium] xref: AAO:0010530 xref: EMAPA:17971 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="AAO"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0003135 {source="EMAPA"} ! male reproductive organ [Term] id: UBERON:0011892 name: anterior uvea def: "Front (ventral) portion of the vascular, pigmentary, or middle coat of the eye, including the ciliary body and the iris." [MP:0005194] synonym: "anterior part of uveal tract" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior uveal tract" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior vascular layer of the eyeball" EXACT [] synonym: "anterior vascular tunic of the eye" EXACT [] synonym: "ciliary body and iris" RELATED [] synonym: "Haller tunica vascula" EXACT [MP:0005194] synonym: "tunica vasculosa bulbosa" EXACT [MP:0005194] synonym: "vasculosa oculi" RELATED [MP:0005194] synonym: "ventral uveal tract" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280656002 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="ZFA"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: has_part UBERON:0001769 ! iris relationship: has_part UBERON:0001775 ! ciliary body relationship: part_of UBERON:0001768 {source="MP"} ! uvea relationship: part_of UBERON:0001801 ! anterior segment of eyeball [Term] id: UBERON:0011893 name: endoneurial fluid def: "Fluid of the ganglia and peripheral nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord" [MGI:llw2, MP:0003633] is_a: UBERON:0007794 {source="FMA"} ! serous fluid relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000123 intersection_of: UBERON:0000463 ! portion of organism substance intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0000123 ! endoneurium relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000123 ! endoneurium [Term] id: UBERON:0011894 name: lumen of vagina synonym: "vaginal lumen" EXACT [] synonym: "vaginal lumen" EXACT [FMA:19982] xref: FMA:19982 is_a: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000996 intersection_of: UBERON:0002558 ! organ cavity intersection_of: surrounded_by UBERON:0000996 ! vagina relationship: surrounded_by UBERON:0000996 ! vagina [Term] id: UBERON:0011895 name: endomysium def: "A layer of connective tissue that ensheaths a muscle fiber and is composed mostly from reticular fibers. It also contains capillaries, nerves and lymphatics. The term cardiac skeleton is sometimes considered synonymous with endomysium, but sometimes it refers to the combination of the endomysium and perimysium." [Wikipedia:Endomysium] synonym: "fascia of muscle fiber" EXACT [FMA:9729] xref: FMA:9729 xref: ncithesaurus:Endomysium xref: SCTID:91739007 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006804 ! reticular tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0002385 ! muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011896 name: smooth muscle endomysium def: "Reticular tissue which surrounds a smooth muscle cell." [UBERON:cjm] xref: FMA:260651 is_a: UBERON:0011895 ! endomysium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001135 intersection_of: UBERON:0011895 ! endomysium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011897 name: cardiac endomysium def: "Reticular tissue which surrounds a cardiac myocyte." [FMA:83112] synonym: "Endomysium of cardiac muscle cell" EXACT [FMA:83112] synonym: "Fibrocollagenous sheath of cardiac muscle cell" EXACT [FMA:83112] xref: FMA:83112 is_a: UBERON:0011895 ! endomysium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001133 intersection_of: UBERON:0011895 ! endomysium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001133 ! cardiac muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011898 name: skeletal muscle endomysium def: "Reticular tissue which surrounds a skeletal muscle cell." [FMA:86022] xref: FMA:86022 is_a: UBERON:0011895 ! endomysium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001134 intersection_of: UBERON:0011895 ! endomysium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001134 ! skeletal muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011899 name: epimysium def: "Epimysium is a layer of connective tissue which ensheaths the entire muscle. It is composed of dense irregular connective tissue. It is continuous with fascia and other connective tissue wrappings of muscle including the endomysium, and perimysium. It is also continuous with tendons where it becomes thicker and collagenous. The Epimysium also protects muscles from friction against other muscles and bones." [Wikipedia:Epimysium] synonym: "epimysia" RELATED PLURAL [Wikipedia:Epimysium] synonym: "fascia of muscle organ" EXACT [FMA:9726] xref: FMA:9726 xref: ncithesaurus:Epimysium is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011822 {source="FMA"} ! dense irregular connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001134 {source="FMA"} ! skeletal muscle tissue relationship: surrounds UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ [Term] id: UBERON:0011900 name: perimysium def: "The fibrous sheath enveloping each of the primary bundles of skeletal muscle fibers." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/perimysium, Wikipedia:Perimysium] synonym: "fascia of muscle fasciculus" EXACT [FMA:9728] xref: FMA:9728 xref: ncithesaurus:Perimysium xref: SCTID:63406008 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0011822 {source="FMA"} ! dense irregular connective tissue relationship: part_of UBERON:0001134 {source="FMA"} ! skeletal muscle tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0011901 name: hair matrix comment: The hair matrix surrounds the top and sides of the dermal papilla. The hair matrix cells give rise to 6 different types of cells that make up the different layers of the hair shaft and the inner root sheath. xref: FMA:70945 is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0001037 {source="FMA"} ! strand of hair [Term] id: UBERON:0011903 name: gizzard smooth muscle xref: BTO:0000521 is_a: UBERON:0004222 ! stomach smooth muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0005052 intersection_of: UBERON:0001135 ! smooth muscle tissue intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0005052 ! gizzard relationship: part_of UBERON:0005052 ! gizzard [Term] id: UBERON:0011904 name: gastrolith def: "a rock held inside a gastrointestinal tract." [Wikipedia:Gastrolith] synonym: "gizzard stone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gastrolith] synonym: "stomach stone" RELATED [Wikipedia:Gastrolith] is_a: UBERON:0000476 ! acellular anatomical structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0001007 ! digestive system [Term] id: UBERON:0011905 name: plantaris def: "Plantaris is a vestigial structure and one of the superficial muscles of the posterior crural compartment of the leg. It is innervated by the tibial nerve (S1, S2) . It is composed of a thin muscle belly and a long thin tendon. It is approximately 2-4 inches long, and is absent in 7 - 10% of the human population. It is one of the plantar flexors in the superior compartment of the leg along with the gastrocnemius, and soleus. The plantaris is considered an unimportant muscle, it mainly acts with gastrocnemius[WP]." [Wikipedia:Plantaris_muscle] comment: Editor notes: todo - coordinate with phenoscape-ext on representation of amphibian plantaris longus and profundus synonym: "musculus plantaris" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "plantaris" EXACT [FMA:22543] xref: FMA:22543 is_a: UBERON:0004256 ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle relationship: has_muscle_antagonist UBERON:0001385 ! tibialis anterior relationship: has_muscle_insertion UBERON:0003701 ! calcaneal tendon relationship: has_muscle_nerve UBERON:0001323 ! tibial nerve relationship: has_muscle_origin UBERON:0000981 {notes="Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur above lateral head of gastrocnemius"} ! femur relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0011910 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011906 name: muscle head subset: upper_level synonym: "caput (musculus)" EXACT [FMA:85453] synonym: "caput musculi" EXACT [FMA:85453] synonym: "head of muscle organ" EXACT [FMA:85453] synonym: "muscular organ head" EXACT [FMA:85453] xref: FMA:85453 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part relationship: part_of UBERON:0001630 ! muscle organ [Term] id: UBERON:0011907 name: gastrocnemius medialis def: "." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: Mammalian gastrocnemius medialis and flexor hallucis longus arise from reptilian gastrocnemius internus[Kardong] synonym: "caput mediale (musculus gastrocnemius)" EXACT [FMA:45956] synonym: "medial head of gastrocnemius" EXACT [FMA:45956] synonym: "medial head of gastrocnemius muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:45956 xref: SCTID:213689008 is_a: UBERON:0011906 ! muscle head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001388 {source="FMA"} ! gastrocnemius property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0011909 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011908 name: gastrocnemius lateralis def: "." [ISBN10:0073040584] comment: Mammalian gastrocnemius lateralis, soleus and plantaris arise from reptilian gastrocnemius externus[Kardong] synonym: "caput laterale (musculus gastrocnemius)" EXACT [FMA:45959] synonym: "lateral head of gastrocnemius" EXACT [FMA:45959] synonym: "lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle" EXACT [] xref: FMA:45959 xref: SCTID:213588009 is_a: UBERON:0011906 ! muscle head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001388 {source="FMA"} ! gastrocnemius property_value: homologous_to UBERON:0011910 {source="ISBN10:0073040584"} [Term] id: UBERON:0011909 name: gastrocnemius internus def: "." [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "M. gastrocnemius internus" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus gastrocnemius internus" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004256 ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0011910 name: gastrocnemius externus def: "." [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "M. gastrocnemius externus" EXACT [] synonym: "musculus gastrocnemius externus" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004256 ! hindlimb zeugopod muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0003823 ! hindlimb zeugopod [Term] id: UBERON:0011914 name: pubioischiotibialis muscle def: "A muscle of lower tetrapods that covers musch of the lower thing and retracts it. Homologous to mammalian gracilis" [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "M. pubioischiotibialis" EXACT [] synonym: "pubioischiotibialis" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0004252 ! hindlimb stylopod muscle relationship: part_of UBERON:0000376 {source="Kardong"} ! hindlimb stylopod [Term] id: UBERON:0011915 name: cerebellar glomerulus def: "An intertwined cluster of nerve fibers surrounded by glia where mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons" [ISBN:0838580343, MP:0004099] synonym: "cerebellar glomeruli" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090502 is_a: UBERON:0001047 ! neural glomerulus is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 intersection_of: UBERON:0001047 ! neural glomerulus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002037 ! cerebellum relationship: part_of UBERON:0002956 ! granular layer of cerebellar cortex [Term] id: UBERON:0011917 name: thalamic glomerulus def: "Synaptic structure found in thalamic relay nuclei consising of a complex of afferent terminals, relay cell dendrites, interneuron dendrites and other processes. These complexes are surrounded by astrocytic processes." [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090504] synonym: "thalamic glomeruli" EXACT PLURAL [] xref: NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090504 is_a: UBERON:0001047 ! neural glomerulus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 intersection_of: UBERON:0001047 ! neural glomerulus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001897 ! thalamus [Term] id: UBERON:0011918 name: line of Schwalbe def: "The thickened peripheral margin of the vitreous membrane of the cornea." [MP:0006250] comment: AO notes: A line in FMA, a structure in MP synonym: "Schwalbe line" EXACT [FMA:58422] synonym: "Schwalbe's line" EXACT [FMA:58422] synonym: "Schwalbe's ring" EXACT [MP:0006250] xref: FMA:58422 is_a: UBERON:0006800 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical line relationship: part_of UBERON:0000964 ! cornea relationship: part_of UBERON:0005969 {source="MP"} ! reticulum trabeculare [Term] id: UBERON:0011919 name: yolk sac blood island def: "masses of developing blood cells attached to endothelium in the yolk sac" [MP:0011204] synonym: "visceral yolk sac blood island" EXACT [MP:0011204] synonym: "yolk sac blood islands" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000177] xref: EHDAA2:0000177 xref: EMAPA:16115 xref: EMAPA:16268 is_a: UBERON:0003061 ! blood island relationship: part_of UBERON:0003316 intersection_of: UBERON:0003061 ! blood island intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003316 ! mesenchyme of yolk sac relationship: develops_from UBERON:0003316 {source="EHDAA2"} ! mesenchyme of yolk sac relationship: part_of UBERON:0003316 ! mesenchyme of yolk sac [Term] id: UBERON:0011921 name: connecting stalk blood islands comment: AO notes: in EHDAA2 gives rise to connecting stalk blood vessels and extraembryonic umbilical vessels synonym: "blood island of umbilical vesicle" EXACT [Wikipedia:Blood_island] synonym: "insula sanguinea vesiculae umbilicalis" EXACT [Wikipedia:Blood_island] xref: EHDAA2:0003242 is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0007503 {source="EHDAA2"} ! epithelial vesicle is_a: UBERON:0010303 ! extraembryonic epithelium relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005667 {source="EHDAA2"} ! connecting stalk mesoderm relationship: part_of UBERON:0002331 {source="EHDAA2"} ! umbilical cord [Term] id: UBERON:0011922 name: cochlear basement membrane def: "The the continuous basement membrane found within the membranous labyrinth of the cochlea, known to extend from the limbus, down to the inner sulcus, across the basilar membrane, up to the external sulcus to the spiral prominence and radiating into the spiral ligament ensheathing the root cell processes" [MP:0004598] is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0002499 intersection_of: UBERON:0005769 ! basement membrane intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002499 ! cochlear labyrinth relationship: part_of UBERON:0002499 ! cochlear labyrinth [Term] id: UBERON:0011924 name: postganglionic autonomic fiber def: "Nerve fibers which project from cell bodies of autonomic ganglia to synapses on target organs." [MESH:A.08.663.542.100, Wikipedia:Postganglionic_nerve_fibers] synonym: "postganglionic autonomic fibre" RELATED [] synonym: "postganglionic nerve fiber" EXACT [FMA:5924] xref: FMA:5924 xref: MESH:A.08.663.542.100 xref: ncithesaurus:Postganglionic_Autonomic_Fiber is_a: UBERON:0006134 ! nerve fiber relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011925 name: preganglionic autonomic fiber def: "Nerve fibers which project from the central nervous system to autonomic ganglia. In the sympathetic division most preganglionic fibers originate with neurons in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord, exit via ventral roots from upper thoracic through lower lumbar segments, and project to the paravertebral ganglia; there they either terminate in synapses or continue through the splanchnic nerves to the prevertebral ganglia. In the parasympathetic division the fibers originate in neurons of the brain stem and sacral spinal cord. In both divisions the principal transmitter is acetylcholine but peptide cotransmitters may also be released." [MESH:A.08.663.542.122, Wikipedia:Preganglionic_nerve_fibers] synonym: "preganglionic autonomic fibre" RELATED [] synonym: "preganglionic nerve fiber" EXACT [FMA:5923] xref: FMA:5923 xref: MESH:A.08.663.542.122 is_a: UBERON:0006134 ! nerve fiber relationship: part_of UBERON:0002410 ! autonomic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011926 name: postganglionic sympathetic fiber def: "A noradrenergic or adrenergic axonal fiber projecting from a sympathetic ganglion to an effector organ" [MP:0008312] synonym: "postganglionic sympathetic fiber" RELATED [MESH:A.08.663.542.075.800] synonym: "sympathetic postganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008312] xref: MESH:A.08.663.542.075.800 xref: ncithesaurus:Postganglionic_Sympathetic_Fiber xref: SCTID:323617002 is_a: UBERON:0011924 ! postganglionic autonomic fiber relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 intersection_of: UBERON:0011924 ! postganglionic autonomic fiber intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011927 name: preganglionic sympathetic fiber def: "A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from the CNS to a sympathetic ganglion" [MP:0008310] synonym: "sympathetic preganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008310] xref: SCTID:323517007 is_a: UBERON:0011925 ! preganglionic autonomic fiber relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 intersection_of: UBERON:0011925 ! preganglionic autonomic fiber intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000013 ! sympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011929 name: postganglionic parasympathetic fiber def: "A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from a parasympathetic ganglion to an effector organ" [MP:0008313] synonym: "parasympathetic postganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008313] xref: MESH:A.08.663.542.100.700 xref: ncithesaurus:Postganglionic_Parasympathetic_Fiber is_a: UBERON:0011924 ! postganglionic autonomic fiber relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 intersection_of: UBERON:0011924 ! postganglionic autonomic fiber intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011930 name: preganglionic parasympathetic fiber def: "A cholinergic axonal fibers projecting from the CNS to a parasympathetic ganglion" [MP:0008311] synonym: "parasympathetic preganglionic fiber" RELATED [MP:0008311] is_a: UBERON:0011925 ! preganglionic autonomic fiber relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 intersection_of: UBERON:0011925 ! preganglionic autonomic fiber intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system relationship: part_of UBERON:0000011 ! parasympathetic nervous system [Term] id: UBERON:0011931 name: nasal hair def: "Hair in the nose" [Wikipedia:Nasal_hair] synonym: "hair of nose" EXACT [FMA:53670] synonym: "hair of vestibular part of nose" EXACT [FMA:53670] synonym: "nose hair" EXACT [FMA:53670] xref: FMA:53670 xref: SCTID:368885003 is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010171 ! strand of hair of face relationship: part_of UBERON:0000402 intersection_of: UBERON:0001037 ! strand of hair intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000402 ! nasal vestibule relationship: part_of UBERON:0000402 ! nasal vestibule [Term] id: UBERON:0011932 name: pilosebaceous unit def: "An epidermal invagination that has as parts a hair follicle, a sebaceous gland, and arrector pili muscle" [PMC:PMC3130146, Wikipedia:Pilosebaceous_unit] synonym: "fabrica pilosebacea" EXACT [Wikipedia:Pilosebaceous_unit] synonym: "pilo-sebaceous apparatus" EXACT [FMA:70661] synonym: "pilo-sebaceous unit" EXACT [] synonym: "pilosebaceous apparatus" EXACT [] xref: FMA:70661 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 ! integumental system [Term] id: UBERON:0011933 name: vibrissa unit synonym: "vibrissa" RELATED [MA:0000163] xref: MA:0000163 is_a: UBERON:0000477 {source="FMA"} ! anatomical cluster relationship: part_of UBERON:0002416 {source="MA"} ! integumental system [Term] id: UBERON:0011936 name: vibrissa hair bulb comment: see https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3213510&group_id=76834&atid=1205376 synonym: "bulb of sinus hair" EXACT [EMAPA:26753] synonym: "bulb of vibrissa follicle" EXACT [] synonym: "vibrissa bulb" EXACT [EMAPA:26716] xref: EMAPA:26716 xref: EMAPA:26753 xref: MA:0000783 is_a: UBERON:0005932 ! bulb of hair follicle relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 intersection_of: UBERON:0005932 ! bulb of hair follicle intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit [Term] id: UBERON:0011937 name: vibrissa root sheath synonym: "root sheath of sinus hair" EXACT [EMAPA:26765] synonym: "root sheath of vibrissa" EXACT [] synonym: "root sheath of vibrissa hair" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:26724 xref: EMAPA:26765 xref: MA:0000784 is_a: UBERON:0005933 ! hair root sheath relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 intersection_of: UBERON:0005933 ! hair root sheath intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit [Term] id: UBERON:0011938 name: vibrissa inner root sheath xref: MA:0000785 is_a: UBERON:0005941 ! hair inner root sheath is_a: UBERON:0011937 ! vibrissa root sheath relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 intersection_of: UBERON:0005941 ! hair inner root sheath intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit [Term] id: UBERON:0011939 name: vibrissa outer root sheath xref: MA:0000786 is_a: UBERON:0005942 ! hair outer root sheath is_a: UBERON:0011937 ! vibrissa root sheath relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 intersection_of: UBERON:0005942 ! hair outer root sheath intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit relationship: part_of UBERON:0011933 ! vibrissa unit [Term] id: UBERON:0011940 name: arrector pili muscle of vibrissa xref: EMAPA:26771 xref: EMAPA:26779 is_a: UBERON:0002033 ! arrector muscle of hair is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0006378 intersection_of: UBERON:0002033 ! arrector muscle of hair intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006378 ! vibrissa hair relationship: part_of UBERON:0006378 ! vibrissa hair [Term] id: UBERON:0011941 name: lateral angle of scapula def: "An angle of the scapula that is broad and bears the glenoid cavity or fossa[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Lateral_angle_of_scapula] synonym: "angulus lateralis (scapula)" EXACT [FMA:23249] synonym: "angulus lateralis scapulae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Lateral_angle_of_scapula] synonym: "glenoid angle of scapula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_angle_of_scapula] synonym: "head of scapula" RELATED [Wikipedia:Lateral_angle_of_scapula] xref: FMA:23249 is_a: UBERON:0007172 {source="EMAPA-modified"} ! angle of scapula [Term] id: UBERON:0011942 name: adult human is_a: UBERON:0007023 ! adult organism [Term] id: UBERON:0011944 name: subintestinal vein subset: dubious_grouping synonym: "SIV" EXACT [ZFA:0005035] synonym: "vitelline vein" RELATED INCONSISTENT [ZFA:0005035] xref: TAO:0005035 xref: XAO:0004172 xref: ZFA:0005035 is_a: UBERON:0001638 {source="XAO"} ! vein [Term] id: UBERON:0011945 name: luminal layer of epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0011946 name: subluminal layer of epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000119 ! cell layer relationship: part_of UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0011947 name: ureter luminal urothelium xref: MA:0002656 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0011945 ! luminal layer of epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 intersection_of: UBERON:0011945 ! luminal layer of epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0000056 ! ureter relationship: part_of UBERON:0001254 ! urothelium of ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0011948 name: ureter subluminal urothelium xref: MA:0002657 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0006554 ! urinary system structure is_a: UBERON:0011946 ! subluminal layer of epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0001254 ! urothelium of ureter [Term] id: UBERON:0011949 name: endometrium luminal epithelium xref: MA:0002733 is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0011945 ! luminal layer of epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004811 intersection_of: UBERON:0011945 ! luminal layer of epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0004811 ! endometrium epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0004811 ! endometrium epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0011950 name: mammary gland luminal epithelium synonym: "lumina layer of epithelium of lactiferous gland" EXACT [FMA:74458] xref: FMA:74458 is_a: UBERON:0011945 ! luminal layer of epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0011951 name: prostate luminal epithelium synonym: "subdivision of luminal layer of epithelium of prostatic gland" EXACT [FMA:74262] xref: FMA:74262 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0005156 ! reproductive structure is_a: UBERON:0011945 ! luminal layer of epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 intersection_of: UBERON:0011945 ! luminal layer of epithelium intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland relationship: part_of UBERON:0002367 ! prostate gland [Term] id: UBERON:0011952 name: non-glandular epithelium is_a: UBERON:0000483 ! epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0011953 name: stomach glandular region xref: MA:0001613 is_a: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region relationship: has_part UBERON:0006924 intersection_of: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0006924 ! stomach glandular epithelium relationship: has_part UBERON:0006924 ! stomach glandular epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0011954 name: stomach non-glandular region is_a: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region relationship: has_part UBERON:0010040 intersection_of: UBERON:0009034 ! stomach region intersection_of: has_part UBERON:0010040 ! stomach non-glandular epithelium relationship: has_part UBERON:0010040 ! stomach non-glandular epithelium [Term] id: UBERON:0011955 name: left hepatic vein xref: FMA:14339 xref: SCTID:55188000 is_a: UBERON:0001143 ! hepatic vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 intersection_of: UBERON:0001143 ! hepatic vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001115 ! left lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0011956 name: right hepatic vein xref: FMA:14338 xref: SCTID:18135006 is_a: UBERON:0001143 ! hepatic vein relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 intersection_of: UBERON:0001143 ! hepatic vein intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver relationship: part_of UBERON:0001114 ! right lobe of liver [Term] id: UBERON:0011957 name: middle hepatic vein xref: FMA:14340 xref: SCTID:54895000 is_a: UBERON:0001143 ! hepatic vein [Term] id: UBERON:0011958 name: acetabular labrum def: "A ring of cartilage that surrounds the acetabulum[WP,unvetted]." [Wikipedia:Acetabular_labrum] comment: Function notes: Its function is to deepen the acetabulum, making it more difficult for the head of the femur to slip out of place (sublux) synonym: "cotyloid ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acetabular_labrum] synonym: "glenoidal labrum of hip joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Acetabular_labrum] synonym: "labrum acetabuli" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Acetabular_labrum] synonym: "labrum of acetabulum" EXACT [FMA:43521] xref: FMA:43521 xref: SCTID:182439007 is_a: UBERON:0007844 {source="FMA"} ! cartilaginous element relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 {source="FMA"} ! hip joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011959 name: glenoid labrum of scapula def: "a ring of fibrocartilage attached to the margin of the glenoid cavity of the scapula." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenoid_labrum, http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=47475] comment: Consider classifying as 'annulus fibrosus' synonym: "glenoid labrum" BROAD [] synonym: "glenoidal labrum" BROAD [] synonym: "glenoidal labrum of glenohumeral joint" EXACT [] synonym: "glenoidal labrum of scapula" EXACT [] synonym: "labrum glenoidale" EXACT LATIN [] synonym: "labrum glenoidale scapulae" RELATED [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=47475] xref: FMA:23290 xref: SCTID:182391008 is_a: UBERON:0007844 {source="FMA"} ! cartilaginous element relationship: part_of UBERON:0001470 {source="FMA"} ! glenohumeral joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011960 name: articular capsule of glenohumeral joint def: "The articular capsule of the humerus is the articular capsule of the shoulder joint. It completely encircles the joint, being attached, above, to the circumference of the glenoid cavity beyond the glenoidal labrum; below, to the anatomical neck of the humerus, approaching nearer to the articular cartilage above than in the rest of its extent. It is thicker above and below than elsewhere, and is so remarkably loose and lax, that it has no action in keeping the bones in contact, but allows them to be separated from each other more than 2.5 cm. , an evident provision for that extreme freedom of movement which is peculiar to this articulation. It is strengthened, above, by the Supraspinatus; below, by the long head of the Triceps brachii; behind, by the tendons of the Infraspinatus and Teres minor; and in front, by the tendon of the Subscapularis.[WP,unvetted]" [Wikipedia:Articular_capsule_of_the_humerus] synonym: "articular capsule of humerus" EXACT [Wikipedia:Articular_capsule_of_the_humerus] synonym: "articular capsule of shoulder joint" EXACT [] synonym: "capsule of shoulder joint" EXACT [FMA:34944] synonym: "fibrous capsule of glenohumeral joint" EXACT [FMA:34944] xref: FMA:34944 xref: SCTID:361836001 is_a: UBERON:0001484 ! articular capsule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001470 intersection_of: UBERON:0001484 ! articular capsule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001470 ! glenohumeral joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001470 ! glenohumeral joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011961 name: articular capsule of hip joint def: "The articular capsule (capsular ligament) is strong and dense. Above, it is attached to the margin of the acetabulum 5 to 6 mm. beyond the glenoidal labrum behind; but in front, it is attached to the outer margin of the labrum, and, opposite to the notch where the margin of the cavity is deficient, it is connected to the transverse ligament, and by a few fibers to the edge of the obturator foramen. It surrounds the neck of the femur, and is attached, in front, to the intertrochanteric line; above, to the base of the neck; behind, to the neck, about 1.25 cm. above the intertrochanteric crest; below, to the lower part of the neck, close to the lesser trochanter. From its femoral attachment some of the fibers are reflected upward along the neck as longitudinal bands, termed retinacula. The capsule is much thicker at the upper and forepart of the joint, where the greatest amount of resistance is required; behind and below, it is thin and loose. It consists of two sets of fibers, circular and longitudinal. The circular fibers, zona orbicularis, are most abundant at the lower and back part of the capsule, and form a sling or collar around the neck of the femur. Anteriorly they blend with the deep surface of the iliofemoral ligament, and gain an attachment to the anterior inferior iliac spine. The longitudinal fibers are greatest in amount at the upper and front part of the capsule, where they are reinforced by distinct bands, or accessory ligaments, of which the most important is the iliofemoral ligament. The other accessory bands are known as the pubocapsular and the ischiocapsular ligaments. The external surface of the capsule is rough, covered by numerous muscles, and separated in front from the Psoas major and Iliacus by a bursa, which not infrequently communicates by a circular aperture with the cavity of the joint." [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_hip_joint] synonym: "articular capsule" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_hip_joint] synonym: "capsula articularis coxae" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_hip_joint] synonym: "capsular ligament" RELATED [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_hip_joint] synonym: "capsule of hip joint" EXACT [Wikipedia:Capsule_of_hip_joint] synonym: "fibrous capsule of hip joint" EXACT [FMA:42821] xref: FMA:42821 xref: SCTID:263382006 is_a: UBERON:0001484 ! articular capsule relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 intersection_of: UBERON:0001484 ! articular capsule intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0001486 ! hip joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011962 name: transverse tarsal joint def: "The transverse tarsal joint is formed by the articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid, and the articulation of the talus with the navicular. The movement which takes place in this joint is more extensive than that in the other tarsal joints, and consists of a sort of rotation by means of which the foot may be slightly flexed or extended, the sole being at the same time carried medially (inverted) or laterally." [Wikipedia:Transverse_tarsal_joint] synonym: "articulatio tarsi transversa" EXACT [Wikipedia:Transverse_tarsal_joint] synonym: "chopart's joint" EXACT [FMA:35201] synonym: "midtarsal joint " EXACT [Wikipedia:Transverse_tarsal_joint] xref: FMA:35201 xref: SCTID:182220000 is_a: UBERON:0001487 ! joint of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0011963 name: talocalcaneonavicular joint def: "The talocalcaneonavicular articulation is an arthrodial joint: the rounded head of the talus being received into the concavity formed by the posterior surface of the navicular, the anterior articular surface of the calcaneus, and the upper surface of the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament. There are two ligaments in this joint: the articular capsule and the dorsal talonavicular." [Wikipedia:Talocalcaneonavicular_articulation] synonym: "articulatio talocalcaneonavicularis" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Talocalcaneonavicular_articulation] synonym: "talocalcaneonavicular articulation" EXACT [Wikipedia:Talocalcaneonavicular_articulation] xref: FMA:35204 xref: SCTID:182211009 is_a: UBERON:0003698 ! subtalar joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 relationship: connects UBERON:0001451 relationship: connects UBERON:0002395 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus relationship: connects UBERON:0001451 ! navicular bone of pes relationship: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus relationship: part_of UBERON:0011962 {source="FMA-modified"} ! transverse tarsal joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011964 name: calcaneocuboid joint def: "Calcaneocuboid Articulation (articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid). The ligaments connecting the calcaneus with the cuboid are five in number, viz. , the articular capsule, the dorsal calcaneocuboid, part of the bifurcated, the long plantar, and the plantar calcaneocuboid." [Wikipedia:Calcaneocuboid_articulation] synonym: "articulatio calcaneocubiodea" EXACT LATIN [FMA:35207] synonym: "calcaneocuboid articulation" EXACT [Wikipedia:Calcaneocuboid_articulation] synonym: "calcaneocuboidal joint" EXACT [] xref: FMA:35207 xref: SCTID:361866008 is_a: UBERON:0011969 ! mesotarsal joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 relationship: connects UBERON:0001455 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001455 ! cuboid bone relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus relationship: connects UBERON:0001455 ! cuboid bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0011962 {source="FMA-modified"} ! transverse tarsal joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011965 name: saddle joint def: "In a saddle joint (sellar joint, articulation by reciprocal reception) the opposing surfaces are reciprocally concave-convex." [Wikipedia:Saddle_joint] synonym: "articulation by reciprocal reception" RELATED [Wikipedia:Saddle_joint] synonym: "sellar joint" EXACT [Wikipedia:Saddle_joint] xref: FMA:75298 xref: SCTID:23059003 is_a: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011966 name: manubriosternal joint def: "the early union, by hyaline cartilage, of the manubrium and the body of the sternum, which later becomes a symphysial type of joint." [http://www.medilexicon.com/medicaldictionary.php?t=46395, Wikipedia:Sternal_angle] synonym: "angle of louis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle] synonym: "angulus ludovici" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle] synonym: "angulus sternalis" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle] synonym: "angulus sterni" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle] synonym: "manubriosternal joint" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle] synonym: "manubriosternal junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle] synonym: "manubriosternal symphysis" EXACT [FMA:7502] synonym: "manubro-sterno junction" RELATED [Wikipedia:Sternal_angle] xref: FMA:7502 xref: SCTID:263312002 is_a: UBERON:0002216 {source="FMA"} ! symphysis relationship: connects UBERON:0002205 relationship: connects UBERON:0006820 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002205 ! manubrium of sternum intersection_of: connects UBERON:0006820 ! body of sternum relationship: connects UBERON:0002205 ! manubrium of sternum relationship: connects UBERON:0006820 ! body of sternum [Term] id: UBERON:0011967 name: costotransverse joint def: "The facet of the tubercle of the rib forms an articulation with the adjacent transverse process of a thoracic vertebra. This is a plane type synovial joint called the costotransverse joint. This articulation is present in all but the eleventh and twelfth ribs. Ribs 1 to 10 have two joints in close proximity posteriorly; the costovertebral joints and the costotranseverse joints. This arrangement restrains the motion of the ribs allowing them to work in a parallel fashion during breathing. If a typical rib had only one joint posteriorly the resultant swivel action would allow a rib to be non-parallel with respect to the neighboring ribs making for a very inefficient respiratory mechanism. The ventral rami innervate the costotransverse joints. Therefore, therapeutic medial branch blocks are ineffectual. The ligaments of the joint are: Articular capsule Posterior costotransverse Anterior costotransverse Ligament of the neck of the rib Ligament of the tubercle of the rib" [Wikipedia:Costotransverse_joint] synonym: "costotransverse articulation" RELATED [Wikipedia:Costotransverse_joint] xref: FMA:7952 xref: SCTID:263328007 is_a: UBERON:0002292 {source="FMA"} ! costovertebral joint relationship: part_of UBERON:0003252 {source="FMA"} ! rib cage [Term] id: UBERON:0011968 name: radio-carpal joint synonym: "articulatio radiocarpea" EXACT LATIN [Wikipedia:Wrist] synonym: "radiocarpal articulation" EXACT [Wikipedia:Wrist] synonym: "radiocarpal joint" EXACT [] synonym: "wrist joint" BROAD INCONSISTENT [FMA:35291] xref: FMA:35291 xref: MA:0000461 xref: SCTID:361839008 is_a: UBERON:0001491 {source="MA"} ! wrist joint relationship: connects UBERON:0001423 relationship: connects UBERON:0009880 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton relationship: connects UBERON:0001423 ! radius bone relationship: connects UBERON:0009880 ! carpal skeleton [Term] id: UBERON:0011969 name: mesotarsal joint def: "An ankle joint that passes between the proximal and distal tarsals." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryM.html] comment: Calcaneus and astragalus are interlocked, line of flexion is distal to them[Kardong] is_a: UBERON:0001488 ! ankle joint relationship: connects UBERON:0010721 relationship: connects UBERON:0011679 intersection_of: UBERON:0000982 ! skeletal joint intersection_of: connects UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone intersection_of: connects UBERON:0011679 ! proximal tarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0010721 ! distal tarsal bone relationship: connects UBERON:0011679 ! proximal tarsal bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0004454 ! tarsal region [Term] id: UBERON:0011970 name: talofibular ligament synonym: "ligamentum talofibulare" EXACT [] synonym: "talo-fibular ligament" EXACT [] xref: FMA:44080 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/500px-Ankle_en.svg.png xref: SCTID:244649001 is_a: UBERON:0003595 ! pes connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament relationship: connects UBERON:0001446 relationship: connects UBERON:0002395 intersection_of: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula intersection_of: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus relationship: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula relationship: connects UBERON:0002395 ! talus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001488 ! ankle joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011971 name: calcaneofibular ligament xref: FMA:44089 xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Ankle_en.svg/500px-Ankle_en.svg.png xref: SCTID:244650001 is_a: UBERON:0003595 ! pes connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0003701 ! calcaneal tendon relationship: connects UBERON:0001446 relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 intersection_of: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula intersection_of: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus relationship: connects UBERON:0001446 ! fibula relationship: connects UBERON:0001450 ! calcaneus relationship: part_of UBERON:0001488 ! ankle joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011972 name: medial ligament of ankle joint synonym: "deltoid collateral ligament of ankle joint" EXACT [FMA:44055] synonym: "deltoid ligament of ankle joint" EXACT [FMA:44055] synonym: "ligamentum collaterale mediale (articulatio talocruralis)" EXACT [FMA:44055] synonym: "ligamentum deltoideum" EXACT [FMA:TA] synonym: "ligamentum deltoideum (articulatio talocruralis)" EXACT [FMA:44055] synonym: "medial collateral ligament of ankle joint" EXACT [FMA:44055] xref: FMA:44055 xref: SCTID:41159004 is_a: UBERON:0003595 ! pes connective tissue is_a: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 relationship: connects UBERON:0009879 intersection_of: UBERON:0008846 ! skeletal ligament intersection_of: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia intersection_of: connects UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton relationship: connects UBERON:0000979 ! tibia relationship: connects UBERON:0009879 ! tarsal skeleton relationship: part_of UBERON:0001488 ! ankle joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011973 name: epiphysis of phalanx of pes def: "An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of a pes [Obol]." [OBOL:automatic] synonym: "epiphysis of phalanx of toe" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:314621001 is_a: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0002387 ! pes [Term] id: UBERON:0011974 name: epiphysis of proximal phalanx of pes synonym: "epiphysis of proximal phalanx of toe" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280047006 is_a: UBERON:0004446 ! epiphysis of phalanx is_a: UBERON:0011973 ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003868 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003868 ! proximal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003868 ! proximal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0011975 name: epiphysis of middle phalanx of pes synonym: "epiphysis of middle phalanx of toe" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280048001 is_a: UBERON:0004446 ! epiphysis of phalanx is_a: UBERON:0011973 ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003866 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003866 ! middle phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003866 ! middle phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0011976 name: epiphysis of distal phalanx of pes synonym: "epiphysis of distal phalanx of toe" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280049009 is_a: UBERON:0004446 ! epiphysis of phalanx is_a: UBERON:0011973 ! epiphysis of phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003867 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes relationship: part_of UBERON:0003867 ! distal phalanx of pes [Term] id: UBERON:0011977 name: epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus synonym: "epiphysis of proximal phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280044004 is_a: UBERON:0004387 ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002234 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0002234 ! proximal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0011978 name: epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus synonym: "epiphysis of middle phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280045003 is_a: UBERON:0004387 ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003864 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003864 ! middle phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003864 ! middle phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0011979 name: epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus synonym: "epiphysis of distal phalanx of finger" EXACT [] xref: SCTID:280046002 is_a: UBERON:0004387 ! epiphysis of phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003865 intersection_of: UBERON:0001437 ! epiphysis intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus relationship: part_of UBERON:0003865 ! distal phalanx of manus [Term] id: UBERON:0011980 name: intratarsal joint def: " an ankle joint that passes between the astragalus and calcaneum." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/glossary/glossaryCr.html#Crurotarsal%20joint] comment: line of flexion between calcaneus and astragalus synonym: "crurotarsal joint" EXACT [ISBN10:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0001488 ! ankle joint [Term] id: UBERON:0011981 name: manual digit 6 comment: Found in Acanthostega synonym: "6th finger" EXACT [] synonym: "fore digit VI" EXACT [] synonym: "sixth finger" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit property_value: ray_number "6" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0011982 name: manual digit 7 comment: Found in Acanthostega synonym: "fore digit VII" EXACT [] synonym: "seventh finger" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit property_value: ray_number "7" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0011983 name: manual digit 8 comment: Found in Acanthostega synonym: "eighth finger" EXACT [] synonym: "fore digit VIII" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0002389 ! manual digit property_value: ray_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0011984 name: pedal digit 6 synonym: "hind digit VII" EXACT [] synonym: "sixth toe" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0001466 ! pedal digit property_value: ray_number "8" xsd:nonNegativeInteger [Term] id: UBERON:0011985 name: infraorbital sinus def: "an air-filled recess in the head of birds which lies lateral to the nasal cavity into which it opens" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infraorbital+sinus] synonym: "sinus infraorbitalis" EXACT LATIN [] is_a: UBERON:0001825 ! paranasal sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0011986 name: mucosa of infraorbital sinus synonym: "infraorbital sinus mucosa" EXACT [OBOL:automatic] is_a: UBERON:0005030 ! mucosa of paranasal sinus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0011985 intersection_of: UBERON:0000344 ! mucosa intersection_of: adjacent_to UBERON:0011985 ! infraorbital sinus relationship: adjacent_to UBERON:0011985 ! infraorbital sinus [Term] id: UBERON:0011996 name: pharyngeal adductor xref: TAO:0000463 xref: ZFA:0000463 is_a: UBERON:0000933 {source="ZFA"} ! pharyngeal muscle [Term] id: UBERON:0011997 name: coelom def: "The structure that contains the coelemic cavity." [Wikipedia:Body_cavity, Wikipedia:Coelem] comment: Editor notes: EHDAA2 distingsuishes between the lumen, the lining, and the 'coelomic cavity', which despire it's name, is not a space - it is the aggregate of space plus lining. xref: EHDAA2:0004731 is_a: UBERON:0000481 {source="EHDAA2"} ! multi-tissue structure is_a: UBERON:0002050 ! embryonic structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000922 {source="EHDAA2"} ! embryo [Term] id: UBERON:0012054 name: myocoele def: "The cavity within a myotome" [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/myocoele] xref: EMAPA:16415 xref: EMAPA:16418 xref: EMAPA:16421 xref: EMAPA:16424 xref: EMAPA:16427 xref: EMAPA:16430 xref: EMAPA:16433 xref: EMAPA:16436 xref: EMAPA:16439 xref: EMAPA:16443 xref: EMAPA:16447 xref: EMAPA:16451 xref: EMAPA:16455 xref: EMAPA:16459 xref: EMAPA:16463 xref: EMAPA:16467 xref: EMAPA:16602 xref: EMAPA:16606 xref: EMAPA:16610 xref: EMAPA:16614 xref: EMAPA:16618 xref: EMAPA:16622 xref: EMAPA:16626 xref: EMAPA:16630 xref: EMAPA:16634 xref: EMAPA:16638 xref: EMAPA:16863 xref: EMAPA:16867 xref: EMAPA:16871 xref: EMAPA:16875 xref: EMAPA:16879 xref: EMAPA:17051 xref: EMAPA:17055 xref: EMAPA:17059 xref: EMAPA:17063 xref: EMAPA:17219 xref: EMAPA:17223 xref: EMAPA:17227 xref: EMAPA:17231 xref: EMAPA:17235 xref: EMAPA:17239 xref: EMAPA:17401 xref: EMAPA:17405 xref: EMAPA:17409 xref: EMAPA:17686 xref: EMAPA:17690 xref: EMAPA:17694 xref: EMAPA:17698 xref: EMAPA:18032 xref: EMAPA:18036 xref: EMAPA:18040 xref: EMAPA:18352 xref: EMAPA:18356 xref: EMAPA:18360 xref: EMAPA:18364 xref: EMAPA:18368 xref: VHOG:0001283 is_a: UBERON:0002553 ! anatomical cavity relationship: part_of UBERON:0003082 {source="VHOG"} ! myotome property_value: homology_notes "The central cavity within the mesoderm is the paired primary or embryonic coelom. Parts of the embryonic coelom often become enclosed in the mesoderm, forming a myocoel within the epimere, a nephrocoel within the mesomere, and simple coelom (body cavity) within the lateral plate mesoderm.[well established][VHOG]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-09-17", external_class="VHOG:0001283", ontology="VHOG", source="ISBN:978-0072528305 Kardong KV, Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution (2006) p.166 and Figure 5.6", source="http://bgee.unil.ch/"} [Term] id: UBERON:0012055 name: left lung lower lobe bronchiole comment: Mouse has single left lobe synonym: "bronchiole of left lower lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchiole of left lower lobe of lung" EXACT [] synonym: "left lung caudal lobe bronchiole" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000947] xref: EHDAA2:0000947 xref: SCTID:80548008 is_a: UBERON:0003539 ! left lung bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0008953 intersection_of: UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008953 ! lower lobe of left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0008953 ! lower lobe of left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0012056 name: left lung upper lobe bronchiole comment: Mouse has single left lobe synonym: "bronchiole of left cranial lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchiole of left upper lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchiole of left upper lobe of lung" EXACT [] synonym: "left lung cranial lobe bronchiole" EXACT [EHDAA2:0000955] xref: EHDAA2:0000955 xref: SCTID:72426004 is_a: UBERON:0003539 ! left lung bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0008952 intersection_of: UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008952 ! upper lobe of left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0008952 ! upper lobe of left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0012059 name: right lung lower lobe bronchiole synonym: "bronchiole of right cranial lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchiole of right lower lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchiole of right lower lobe of lung" EXACT [] synonym: "right lung caudal lobe bronchiole" EXACT [EHDAA2:0004094] xref: EHDAA2:0004094 xref: EMAPA:19004 xref: SCTID:15215000 is_a: UBERON:0003538 ! right lung bronchiole is_a: UBERON:0005640 ! right lung caudal lobe epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002171 intersection_of: UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung relationship: develops_from UBERON:0005640 {source="EHDAA2"} ! right lung caudal lobe epithelium relationship: part_of UBERON:0002171 ! lower lobe of right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0012063 name: lobar bronchus of right lung middle lobe synonym: "bronchus of right middle lobe" EXACT [FMA:7401] synonym: "middle lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7401] synonym: "middle lobe bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7401] xref: FMA:7401 is_a: UBERON:0003404 ! lobar bronchus of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002174 intersection_of: UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0012065 name: lobar bronchus of left lung upper lobe synonym: "bronchus of left upper lobe" EXACT [FMA:7423] synonym: "left superior lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7423] synonym: "left upper lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7423] synonym: "left upper lobe bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7423] xref: FMA:7423 is_a: UBERON:0003405 ! lobar bronchus of left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0008952 intersection_of: UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008952 ! upper lobe of left lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0008952 ! upper lobe of left lung [Term] id: UBERON:0012066 name: lobar bronchus of left lung lower lobe synonym: "bronchus of left lower lobe" EXACT [FMA:7432] synonym: "left inferior lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7432] synonym: "left lower lobar bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7432] synonym: "left lower lobe bronchus" EXACT [FMA:7432] xref: FMA:7432 is_a: UBERON:0002183 ! lobar bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0012067 name: primary bronchiole def: "A bronchiole that arises from a segmental bronchus and does not contain cartilage." [ISBN10:0123813611, Wikipedia:Bronchiole#Primary_bronchioles] synonym: "proximal bronchiole" EXACT [FMA:62510] xref: FMA:62510 is_a: UBERON:0002186 {source="FMA"} ! bronchiole relationship: proximally_connected_to UBERON:0002184 ! segmental bronchus [Term] id: UBERON:0012068 name: right lung middle lobe bronchiole synonym: "bronchiole of middle right lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchiole of right middle lobe" EXACT [] synonym: "bronchiole of right middle lobe of lung" EXACT [] xref: EMAPA:19008 xref: SCTID:69714005 is_a: UBERON:0003538 ! right lung bronchiole relationship: part_of UBERON:0002174 intersection_of: UBERON:0002186 ! bronchiole intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung relationship: part_of UBERON:0002174 ! middle lobe of right lung [Term] id: UBERON:0012069 name: epithelium-associated lymphoid tissue xref: FMA:62811 is_a: UBERON:0001744 {source="FMA"} ! lymphoid tissue [Term] id: UBERON:0012070 name: palatal tooth def: "A tooth that is on the roof of the mouth." [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/therapsida/anteosauria.html] synonym: "palatal teeth" EXACT PLURAL [] is_a: UBERON:0003267 ! tooth of upper jaw relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0012071 intersection_of: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0012071 ! palate bone relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0012071 ! palate bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0009680 ! set of upper jaw teeth [Term] id: UBERON:0012071 name: palate bone def: "Any bone that is part of a palate." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Note this is distinct (but not disjoint) from palatine bone synonym: "palatal bone" EXACT [] xref: ncithesaurus:Palate_Bone is_a: UBERON:0003457 ! head bone relationship: part_of UBERON:0007375 intersection_of: UBERON:0001474 ! bone intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0007375 ! primary or secondary palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0007375 ! primary or secondary palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium [Term] id: UBERON:0012072 name: palatal part of dermatocranium synonym: "dermatocranium, palatal series" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] synonym: "palatal series" RELATED [ISBN10:0073040584] is_a: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system relationship: part_of UBERON:0003113 ! dermatocranium relationship: part_of UBERON:0007375 ! primary or secondary palate [Term] id: UBERON:0012073 name: tooth of palatine bone def: "A tooth that is attached to a palatine bone." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "palatine teeth" EXACT PLURAL [] synonym: "palatine tooth" EXACT [] is_a: UBERON:0012070 ! palatal tooth relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001682 intersection_of: UBERON:0001091 ! calcareous tooth intersection_of: attaches_to UBERON:0001682 ! palatine bone relationship: attaches_to UBERON:0001682 ! palatine bone property_value: external_definition "Teeth present in some fishes on the palatine bones, bones that lie inside the upper jaw bones (sometimes maxillaries, sometimes premaxillaries) usually behind the vomerine tooth patch." xsd:string {source="http://www.fishbase.org/glossary/Glossary.php?q=palatine+teeth"} [Term] id: UBERON:0012074 name: bony part of hard palate synonym: "bony palate" EXACT [FMA:59857] synonym: "palatum osseum" EXACT [FMA:TA] xref: FMA:59857 is_a: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0003216 intersection_of: UBERON:0000075 ! subdivision of skeletal system intersection_of: subdivision_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0003216 {source="FMA"} ! hard palate relationship: part_of UBERON:0012072 ! palatal part of dermatocranium relationship: subdivision_of UBERON:0003216 ! hard palate [Term] id: UBERON:0012075 name: replacement bone def: "Bone that forms as a replacement of another structural tissue." [ZFA:0001628] comment: This class was introduced to be consistent with the ZFA hierarchy. The corresponding TAO term was obsoleted, and never introduced into VSAO. Note that VSAO does have replacement element. synonym: "replacement bones" EXACT PLURAL [ZFA:0001628] xref: AAO:0010768 xref: TAO:0001637 xref: ZFA:0001628 is_a: UBERON:0001474 {source="ZFA"} ! bone is_a: UBERON:0010522 {source="ZFA"} ! replacement element property_value: external_definition "Bone that forms as a replacement of another structural tissue.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0001637", ontology="TAO", source="TAO:wd"} [Term] id: UBERON:1000000 name: chin ventral margin def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the area along the lower edge of the chin." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0010314 ! structure with developmental contribution from neural crest relationship: part_of UBERON:0008199 ! chin [Term] id: UBERON:1000001 name: collection of hairs on vertex def: "A collection of hairs that grows on the vertex (top of head)." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "collection of hair on cranium" RELATED [] synonym: "cranial hair" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0010164 ! collection of hairs relationship: part_of UBERON:0000033 ! head [Term] id: UBERON:1000002 name: cranial midline area def: "The middle part of the head, located approximately equidistant from the left and the right sides of the head." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "cranial midline" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head [Term] id: UBERON:1000003 name: dewlap def: "A longitudinal flap of skin that hangs beneath the lower jaw or neck." [Wikipedia:Dewlap] comment: Compare with: comb and wattle subset: phenotype_rcn xref: SCTID:13622004 is_a: UBERON:1000021 ! skin of face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:1000004 name: collection of hair on ear def: "A collection of hairs that grows on the external ear." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "external ear hair" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0010164 ! collection of hairs [Term] id: UBERON:1000005 name: external ear margin def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the area along the edge of the external ear." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear [Term] id: UBERON:1000006 name: collection of hair on forehead def: "A collection of hairs that grows on the forehead." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0010165 ! collection of hair on face relationship: part_of UBERON:0008200 intersection_of: UBERON:0010164 ! collection of hairs intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0008200 ! forehead relationship: part_of UBERON:0008200 ! forehead [Term] id: UBERON:1000007 name: forehead protuberance def: "A bulge, knob, or swelling that protrudes from the forehead." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0008200 ! forehead [Term] id: UBERON:1000008 name: left part of face def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the left half of the face, vertically divided." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head relationship: in_left_side_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:1000009 name: midline crest def: "A ridge or peak located along the middle part of the head, located approximately equidistant from the left and the right sides of the head." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head [Term] id: UBERON:1000010 name: mole def: "A benign tumor on the skin, usually with darker pigment." [Wikipedia:Melanocytic_nevus] subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "melanocytic nevus" RELATED [] synonym: "naevus" EXACT [ZFA:0005043] synonym: "nevus" EXACT [ZFA:0005043] xref: TAO:0005043 xref: ZFA:0005043 is_a: UBERON:0000479 ! tissue is_a: UBERON:0004120 ! mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002067 {source="ZFA"} ! dermis property_value: external_definition "An ectopic melanophore accumulation analogous to a nevi (mole) in humans.[TAO]" xsd:string {date_retrieved="2012-08-14", external_class="TAO:0005043", ontology="TAO", source="ZFIN:curator"} [Term] id: UBERON:1000011 name: labial commissure def: "Anatomical structure consisting of either corner of the mouth." [Wikipedia:Labial_commissure_of_mouth] subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "commissura labiorum oris" RELATED LATIN [Wikipedia:Labial_commissure_of_mouth] synonym: "corner of mouth" RELATED [] xref: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Commissurebeforeandafter.jpg is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head is_a: UBERON:0004119 ! endoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0000165 ! mouth [Term] id: UBERON:1000012 name: nose anterior margin def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the area along the front edge of the external nose." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007827 ! external nose [Term] id: UBERON:1000013 name: nose vertex def: "The extreme point of curvature of the external nose." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head is_a: UBERON:0004121 ! ectoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0007827 ! external nose [Term] id: UBERON:1000014 name: right part of face def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the right half of the face, vertically divided." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head relationship: in_right_side_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face [Term] id: UBERON:1000015 name: skin of snout def: "A zone of skin that is part of the snout." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:1000021 ! skin of face relationship: part_of UBERON:0006333 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0006333 ! snout relationship: part_of UBERON:0006333 ! snout [Term] id: UBERON:1000016 name: tip of snout def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the pointed or rounded end or extremity of the snout." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0006333 ! snout [Term] id: UBERON:1000017 name: tip of external ear def: "Subdivision of the head consisting of the pointed or rounded end or extremity of the external ear." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001691 ! external ear [Term] id: UBERON:1000018 name: cluster of hairs def: "A small collection or tuft of hairs." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "tuft of hair" RELATED [] is_a: UBERON:0010164 ! collection of hairs [Term] id: UBERON:1000019 name: top of head def: "The top of the head." [UBERON:EJS] comment: note in the FMA, vertex is a point and not a subdivision subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "vertex" RELATED [FMA:46484] synonym: "vertex of head" EXACT [FMA:46484] xref: FMA:46484 is_a: UBERON:0001444 ! subdivision of head [Term] id: UBERON:1000020 name: collection of hair on snout def: "A collection of hairs that grows on the snout." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn is_a: UBERON:0010165 ! collection of hair on face relationship: part_of UBERON:0006333 ! snout created_by: eriks creation_date: 2012-02-05T05:21:29Z [Term] id: UBERON:1000021 name: skin of face def: "A zone of skin that is part of the face." [UBERON:EJS] subset: phenotype_rcn synonym: "face skin" EXACT [FMA:24758] synonym: "facial skin" RELATED [] xref: FMA:24758 xref: ncithesaurus:Skin_of_the_Face xref: SCTID:361703006 is_a: UBERON:0001084 ! skin of head relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 intersection_of: UBERON:0000014 ! zone of skin intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face relationship: part_of UBERON:0001456 ! face created_by: eriks creation_date: 2012-02-05T05:23:01Z [Term] id: UBERON:1000022 name: Zymbal's gland def: "A modified sebaceous glands that are located at the base of the external ear and secrete into the auditory canal" [http://ctrgenpath.net/static/atlas/mousehistology/Windows/senses/zymbalgland.html] comment: Structure notes: Zymbal’s glands are located beneath squamous epithelium at the anterior and posterior aspect of the ear canal, and as a single external gland that is located anterior and ventral to the base of the external ear canal. The bilateral Zymbal’s glands are adjacent to the auditory canal and are made up of several lobules of modified sebaceous glands - http://ratguide.com/health/neoplasia/zymbals_gland_tumor.php. Editor notes: modified sebacious gland or subtype? synonym: "gland of Zymbal" RELATED [] synonym: "Zymbal gland" RELATED [MA:0002900] xref: MA:0002900 xref: ncithesaurus:Zymbal_Gland xref: SCTID:105587007 is_a: UBERON:0001821 {source="MA"} ! sebaceous gland [Term] id: UBERON:1000023 name: spleen pulp synonym: "malpighian corpuscles" EXACT [FMA:15845] synonym: "pulp of spleen" EXACT [] synonym: "splenic pulp" EXACT [] xref: FMA:15845 xref: MA:0002487 xref: ncithesaurus:Splenic_Pulp xref: SCTID:13515001 is_a: UBERON:0000064 ! organ part is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 {source="MA"} ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:1000024 {source="FMA"} ! parenchyma of spleen [Term] id: UBERON:1000024 name: parenchyma of spleen synonym: "splenic parenchyma" EXACT [FMA:16029] xref: FMA:16029 is_a: UBERON:0000077 ! mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure is_a: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 intersection_of: UBERON:0000353 ! parenchyma intersection_of: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen relationship: part_of UBERON:0002106 ! spleen [Typedef] id: adjacent_to name: adjacent_to def: "x adjacent_to y iff: x and y share a boundary" [] xref: RO:0002220 [Typedef] id: anterior_part_of name: anterior_part_of def: "X anterior_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the anterior boundary of Y" [UBERON:cjm] is_a: in_anterior_side_of ! in_anterior_side_of [Typedef] id: anterior_to name: anterior_to def: "x anterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail: bearer" [BSPO:cjm] xref: BSPO:0000096 is_transitive: true created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-07-31T02:15:46Z [Typedef] id: anteriorly_connected_to name: anteriorly connected to def: "x anteriorly_connected_to y iff the anterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x posterior_to y." [UBERONREF:0000004] is_a: connected_to ! connected to is_a: posterior_to ! posterior_to is_a: transitively_anteriorly_connected_to ! transitively anteriorly connected to [Typedef] id: appendage_segment_number name: appendage segment number def: "x appendage_segment_number N if and only if (i) x is a appendage_segment, and (ii) x is appendage_segment number N in a series of appendage_segments repeated along an proximo-distal axis, with appendage_segment_number 1 being the proximalmost appendage_segment (in tetrapods this would be the stylopod, as we do not classify girdles as appendage segments)." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Examples: in dropsphila coxa=1, trochanter=2, femur=3, tibia=4, tarsal segments 1-5=5-9, pretarsus=10 property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0010758 property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000100 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: attaches_to name: attaches_to alt_id: FMA:85990 is_a: connects ! connects [Typedef] id: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology name: axiom_lost_from_external_ontology def: "A textual description of an axiom loss in this ontology compared to an external ontology." [UBERON:cjm] comment: This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO xref: UBPROP:0000002 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: bearer_of name: bearer of namespace: BFO xref: BFO:0000053 [Typedef] id: branch_of name: branch_of alt_id: FMA:85994 comment: Source: FMA. Editor note: we need to check if FMA branch_of implies part_of. the relation we intend to use here should - for example, see vestibulocochlear nerve is_a: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: capable_of name: capable_of xref: RO:0002215 [Typedef] id: channel_for name: channel for synonym: "carries" BROAD [] [Typedef] id: channels_from name: channels_from is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: channels_into name: channels_into is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: coincides_with name: coincides_with def: "Relation between occurrents, shares start and end boundaries." [Allen:starts, UBERON:cjm] synonym: "coincides_with" EXACT [] is_a: finishes ! finishes is_a: starts ! starts [Typedef] id: composed_primarily_of name: composed_primarily_of def: "x composed_primarily_of y iff: more than half of the mass of x is made from parts of y" [] xref: UBREL:0000002 is_a: has_part ! has_part [Typedef] id: connected_to name: connected to def: "Binary relationship: x connected_to y if and only if there exists some z such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship." [UBERONREF:0000004] comment: Connection does not imply overlaps. xref: UBREL:0000001 is_a: transitively_connected_to ! transitively_connected to [Typedef] id: connects name: connects def: "Binary relationship: z connects x if and only if there exists some y such that z connects x and y in a ternary connected_to(x,y,z) relationship." [UBERONREF:0000004] comment: Editors note: this is currently used for both structural relationships (such as between a valve and the chamber it connects) and abstract relationships (anatomical lines and the entities they connect) [Typedef] id: contains name: contains [Typedef] id: continuous_with name: continuous_with comment: sourced from FMA xref: FMA:85972 [Typedef] id: dc-contributor name: contributor xref: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/contributor is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: dc-creator name: creator xref: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: dc-description name: description xref: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: dc-publisher name: publisher xref: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/publisher is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: dc-source name: derived from resource xref: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/source is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: dc-title name: title xref: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: dcterms-isReferencedBy name: is referenced by xref: http://purl.org/dc/terms/isReferencedBy is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: deep_to name: deep_to def: "Further away from the surface of the organism. Thus, the muscular layer is deep to the skin, but superficial to the intestines." [BSPO:cjm] xref: BSPO:0000107 is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: developmentally_contributes_to name: developmentally_contributes_to xref: RO:0002255 holds_over_chain: develops_into part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: developmentally_replaces name: developmentally_replaces xref: RO:0002285 [Typedef] id: develops_from name: develops_from xref: RO:0002202 holds_over_chain: part_of develops_from ! develops_from is_transitive: true is_a: has_developmental_contribution_from ! has developmental contribution from transitive_over: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: develops_from_part_of name: develops_from_part_of xref: RO:0002225 holds_over_chain: directly_develops_from part_of ! part_of is_a: develops_from ! develops_from [Typedef] id: develops_in name: develops_in def: "x develops_in y if x is located in x whilst x is developing." [] xref: RO:0002226 [Typedef] id: develops_into name: develops_into xref: RO:0002203 inverse_of: develops_from ! develops_from [Typedef] id: directly_develops_from name: directly_develops_from xref: RO:0002207 [Typedef] id: directly_preceded_by name: directly_preceded_by is_a: preceded_by ! preceded_by [Typedef] id: distal_part_of name: distal_part_of def: "X distal_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the distal boundary of Y" [UBERON:cjm] is_a: in_distal_side_of ! in_distal_side_of [Typedef] id: distal_to name: distal_to def: "x distal_to y iff x is further along the proximo-distal axis than y, towards the appendage tip. A proximo-distal axis extends from tip of an appendage (distal) to where it joins the body (proximal)." [BSPO:cjm] xref: BSPO:0000097 [Typedef] id: distally_connected_to name: distally connected to def: "x distally_connected_to y iff the distal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x proximal_to y." [UBERONREF:0000004] is_a: connected_to ! connected to is_a: proximal_to ! proximal_to is_a: transitively_distally_connected_to ! transitively distally connected to inverse_of: proximally_connected_to ! proximally connected to [Typedef] id: dorsal_to name: dorsal_to def: "x dorsal_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the back. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly)." [BSPO:cjm] xref: BSPO:0000098 is_transitive: true inverse_of: ventral_to ! ventral_to [Typedef] id: dubious_for_taxon name: dubious_for_taxon def: "S dubious_for_taxon T if it is probably the case that no instances of S can be found in any instance of T." [UBERON:cjm] comment: this relation lacks a strong logical interpretation, but can be used in place of never_in_taxon where it is desirable to state that the definition of the class is too strict for the taxon under consideration, but placing a never_in_taxon link would result in a chain of inconsistencies that will take time to resolve. Example: metencephalon in teleost is_metadata_tag: true is_class_level: true [Typedef] id: encloses name: encloses def: "x encloses y iff the convex hull formed by x contains all or the majority of y." [UBERON:cjm] [Typedef] id: existence_ends_at name: existence_ends_at def: "c existence_ends_at e iff c exists_at e and not ( exists e2 : c exists_at e2 and e before e2)." [UBERON:cjm] [Typedef] id: existence_ends_before name: existence_ends_before def: "Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist before s." [UBERON:cjm] [Typedef] id: existence_ends_during name: existence_ends_during def: "Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely." [UBERON:cjm] comment: todo - add full axioms to bfo synonym: "ceases_to_exist_during" EXACT [] xref: BFO:0000069 transitive_over: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: existence_ends_with name: existence_ends_with def: "Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c ceases to exist at the end of p." [UBERON:cjm] [Typedef] id: existence_starts_after name: existence_starts_after def: "Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c comes into existing after some s has completed." [UBERON:cjm] comment: disjoint_from existence_starts_during (but this cannot be expressed in OWL2) holds_over_chain: existence_starts_during preceded_by ! preceded_by [Typedef] id: existence_starts_and_ends_during name: existence_starts_and_ends_during is_a: existence_ends_during ! existence_ends_during is_a: existence_starts_during ! existence_starts_during [Typedef] id: existence_starts_at name: existence_starts_at def: "c existence_starts_at e iff c exists_at e and not ( exists e2 : c exists_at e2 and e2 before e)" [UBERON:cjm] [Typedef] id: existence_starts_during name: existence_starts_during def: "Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c comes into existing during some s." [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "begins_to_exist_during" EXACT [] xref: BFO:0000068 transitive_over: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: existence_starts_or_ends_during name: existence_starts_or_ends_during [Typedef] id: existence_starts_with name: existence_starts_with def: "Relation between continuant and occurrent, such that c comes into existence at the start of p." [UBERON:cjm] holds_over_chain: existence_starts_at start_of ! start_of [Typedef] id: exists_during name: exists_during [Typedef] id: external_comment name: external_comment def: "An alternate comment for a class taken unmodified from an external source. Note that obo format only allows a single comment for a class, and does not provide a structured means of adding provenance info." [UBERON:cjm] comment: This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO xref: UBPROP:0000005 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: external_definition name: external_definition def: "An alternate textual definition for a class taken unmodified from an external source. This definition may have been used to derive a generalized definition for the new class." [UBERON:cjm] comment: This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO xref: UBPROP:0000001 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: finishes name: finishes def: "Relation between occurrents, shares an end boundary with." [Allen:starts, UBERON:cjm, ZFS:finishes] is_a: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: foaf-depicted_by name: depicted_by xref: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/depicted_by is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: foaf-homepage name: homepage xref: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: has_anterior_part name: has_anterior_part inverse_of: anterior_part_of ! anterior_part_of [Typedef] id: has_developmental_contribution_from name: has developmental contribution from xref: RO:0002254 holds_over_chain: has_part develops_from ! develops_from is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: has_distal_part name: has_distal_part inverse_of: distal_part_of ! distal_part_of [Typedef] id: has_end name: has_end [Typedef] id: has_function_in name: has_function_in [Typedef] id: has_fused_element name: has_fused_element def: "x has_fused_element y iff: there exists some z : x has_part z, z homologous_to y, and y is a distinct element, the boundary between x and z is largely fiat" [] comment: A single bone in one species may correspond to the fusion of two or more bones found as distinct elements in another. For example, tibiofibula has_fused_element tibia. A has_fused_element B does not imply that A has_part some B, rather than A has_part some B', where B' is not a subtype of B (because B is a distinct element but B' is a regional part) but has some evolutionary relationship to B. is_metadata_tag: true is_class_level: true [Typedef] id: has_muscle_antagonist name: has_muscle_antagonist def: "m1 has_muscle_antagonist m2 iff m1 acts in opposition to m2, and m2 is responsible for returning the structure to its initial position." [Wikipedia:Antagonist_(muscle)] [Typedef] id: has_muscle_insertion name: has_muscle_insertion def: "m has_muscle_insertion s iff m is attaches_to s, and it is the case that when m contracts, s moves. Insertions are usually connections of muscle via tendon to bone." [Wikipedia:Insertion_(anatomy)] is_a: attaches_to ! attaches_to [Typedef] id: has_muscle_nerve name: has_muscle_nerve alt_id: FMA:85999 [Typedef] id: has_muscle_origin name: has_muscle_origin def: "m has_muscle_origin s iff m is attaches_to s, and it is the case that when m contracts, s does not move. The site of the origin tends to be more proximal and have greater mass than what the other end attaches to." [Wikipedia:Insertion_(anatomy)#Muscles] is_a: attaches_to ! attaches_to [Typedef] id: has_no_connections_with name: has_no_connections_with def: "A is has_no_connections_with B if there are no parts of A or B that have a connection with the other." [UBERON:cjm] expand_assertion_to: "Class: EquivalentTo: (BFO_0000050 some ?X) and (UBREL_0000001 some (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)), (BFO_0000050 some ?Y) and (UBREL_0000001 some (BFO_0000050 some ?X))" [] is_metadata_tag: true is_class_level: true [Typedef] id: has_part name: has_part xref: BFO:0000051 is_transitive: true inverse_of: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: has_posterior_part name: has_posterior_part inverse_of: posterior_part_of ! posterior_part_of [Typedef] id: has_proximal_part name: has_proximal_part inverse_of: proximal_part_of ! proximal_part_of [Typedef] id: has_quality name: has_quality def: "c has_quality q iff: q inheres_in c and q is a quality." [] [Typedef] id: has_start name: has_start [Typedef] id: homologous_to name: homologous_to is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: homology_notes name: homology_notes def: "Notes on the homology status of this class." [UBERON:cjm] comment: This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO xref: UBPROP:0000003 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: immediately_deep_to name: immediately_deep_to def: "This relation holds when both the deep_to and ajdacent_to relationship similarly hold." [BSPO:cjm] xref: BSPO:0001107 is_a: adjacent_to ! adjacent_to is_a: deep_to ! deep_to [Typedef] id: in_anterior_side_of name: in_anterior_side_of def: "X anterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the anterior portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009] xref: BSPO:0000123 [Typedef] id: in_deep_part_of name: in_deep_part_of is_a: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: in_distal_side_of name: in_distal_side_of def: "X distal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the distal portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009] xref: BSPO:0000125 inverse_of: in_proximal_side_of ! in_proximal_side_of [Typedef] id: in_left_side_of name: in_left_side_of def: "X left_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions, X is part_of the left portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009] xref: BSPO:0000120 is_a: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: in_posterior_side_of name: in_posterior_side_of def: "X posterior_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part_of the posterior portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009] xref: BSPO:0000122 [Typedef] id: in_proximal_side_of name: in_proximal_side_of def: "X proximal_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into distal and proximal portions, X is part_of the proximal portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009] xref: BSPO:0000124 [Typedef] id: in_right_side_of name: in_right_side_of def: "X right_side_of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into left and right portions, X is part_of the right portion." [BSPO:PATO_mtg_2009] xref: BSPO:0000121 is_a: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: in_superficial_part_of name: in_superficial_part_of is_a: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: in_taxon name: in taxon xref: RO:0002162 holds_over_chain: attaches_to in_taxon ! in taxon holds_over_chain: connected_to in_taxon ! in taxon holds_over_chain: develops_from in_taxon ! in taxon holds_over_chain: has_developmental_contribution_from in_taxon ! in taxon holds_over_chain: induced_by in_taxon ! in taxon holds_over_chain: overlaps in_taxon ! in taxon holds_over_chain: part_of in_taxon ! in taxon holds_over_chain: supplies in_taxon ! in taxon [Typedef] id: induced_by name: induced_by def: "t1 induced_by t2 if there is a process of organ induction (GO:0001759) with t1 and t2 as interacting participants. t2 causes t1 to change its fate from a precursor tissue type T to T', where T' develops_from T." [GO:0001759] comment: sources for induced_by relationships in Uberon: Developmental Biology, Gilbert, 8th edition, figure 6.5(F) [Typedef] id: is_count_of name: is count of is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: location_of name: location_of created_by: cjm creation_date: 2009-07-30T10:22:21Z [Typedef] id: never_in_taxon name: never_in_taxon def: "S never_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only not T" [PMID:20973947] xref: RO:0002161 expand_assertion_to: "Class: EquivalentTo: ?X and (RO_0002162 some ?Y)" [] is_metadata_tag: true is_class_level: true [Typedef] id: only_in_taxon name: only_in_taxon def: "S only_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only T" [PMID:20973947] xref: RO:0002160 is_a: in_taxon ! in taxon [Typedef] id: output_of name: output_of [Typedef] id: overlaps name: overlaps def: "A overlaps B if they share some part in common." [] xref: RO:0002131 expand_expression_to: "BFO_0000051 some (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)" [] [Typedef] id: paired_appendage_number name: paired_appendage number def: "x paired_appendage_number N if and only if (i) x is a paired_appendage, and (ii) x is paired_appendage number N in a series of paired_appendages repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with paired_appendage_number 1 being the anteriormost paired_appendage. In vertebrates, this is the pectoral appendage" [UBERON:cjm] property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0000026 property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: part_of name: part_of xref: BFO:0000050 is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: participates_in name: participates in namespace: BFO xref: BFO:0000056 [Typedef] id: phalanx_number name: phalanx number def: "x phalanx_number N if and only if (i) x is a phalanx, and (ii) x is phalanx number N in a series of phalanges repeated along an prixomo-distal axis, with phalanx_number 1 being the proximalmost phalanx. Note that in humans, the distalmost phalanx has phlanax_number 3, except in ray_number 1, where the distalmost has phalanx_number 2" [UBERON:cjm, Wikipedia:Phalanx_bone#Phalangeal_formula] comment: Most land mammals including humans have a 2-3-3-3-3 formula in both the hands (or paws) and feet. Primitive reptiles typically had the formula 2-3-4-4-5, and this pattern, with some modification, remained in many later reptiles and in the mammal-like reptiles. The phalangeal formula in the flippers of cetaceans (marine mammals) is 2-12-8-1 property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0003221 property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000100 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: pharyngeal_arch_number name: pharyngeal arch number def: "x pharyngeal_arch_number N if and only if (i) x is a pharyngeal arch, and (ii) x is ancestrally pharyngeal arch number N in a series of pharyngeal arches repeated along a antero-posterior axis, with arch_number 1 being the mandibular arch." [UBERON:cjm] comment: Note that gill arch N = PA N-2. the term branchial_arch is ambiguous. property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0002539 property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: postaxial_part_of name: postaxial_part_of [Typedef] id: postaxial_to name: postaxial_to def: "x preaxial_to y iff x is further along the preaxial-postaxial axis than y, towards the rear." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/postaxial] is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: posterior_part_of name: posterior_part_of def: "X posterior_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the posterior boundary of Y" [UBERON:cjm] is_a: in_posterior_side_of ! in_posterior_side_of [Typedef] id: posterior_to name: posterior_to def: "x posterior_to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the body/tail. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that bisects an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail." [BSPO:cjm] synonym: "caudal_to" NARROW [] xref: BSPO:0000099 is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: posteriorly_connected_to name: posteriorly connected to def: "x posteriorly_connected_to y iff the posterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x anterior_to y." [UBERONREF:0000004] is_a: anterior_to ! anterior_to is_a: connected_to ! connected to [Typedef] id: preaxial_part_of name: preaxial_part_of [Typedef] id: preaxial_to name: preaxial_to def: "x preaxial_to y iff x is further along the preaxial-postaxial axis than y, towards the front." [http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/preaxial] synonym: "lateral (radial) to" RELATED [] synonym: "medial (tibial) to" RELATED [] is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: preceded_by name: preceded_by comment: disjoint_from part_of, but this cannot be expressed in OWL2 xref: BFO:0000062 is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: preceding_element_is name: preceding element is def: "A property used in conjunction with repeated_element_number to indicate an axis and directionality along that axis. If P preceding_element_is R, and P is_count_of S, and X P N, and X' P N+1, then it follows that every X R some X', and the class expression [S and R some X' and inv(R) some X] is empty (i.e. X is followed by X', with no intermediates)" [UBERON:cjm] is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: present_in_taxon name: present_in_taxon def: "S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S" [UBERON:cjm] synonym: "applicable for taxon" EXACT [] is_metadata_tag: true is_class_level: true [Typedef] id: provenance_notes name: provenance_notes def: "Notes on the provenance of this class." [UBERON:cjm] comment: This annotation property may be replaced with an annotation property from an external ontology such as IAO xref: UBPROP:0000004 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: proximal_part_of name: proximal_part_of def: "X proximal_part_of Y <=> X is part_of Y and X is adjacent_to the proximal boundary of Y" [UBERON:cjm] is_a: in_proximal_side_of ! in_proximal_side_of [Typedef] id: proximal_to name: proximal_to def: "x proximal_to y iff x is closer to the point of attachment with the body than y." [BSPO:cjm] xref: BSPO:0000100 [Typedef] id: proximally_connected_to name: proximally connected to def: "x proximally_connected_to y iff the proximal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x distal_to y." [UBERONREF:0000004] is_a: connected_to ! connected to is_a: distal_to ! distal_to is_a: transitively_proximally_connected_to ! transitively proximally connected to [Typedef] id: ray_number name: ray number def: "x ray_number N if and only if (i) x is a ray, and (ii) x is associated with ray number N in a series of phalanges repeated along a radio-ulnar or equivalent axis, with ray_number 1 being the anteriormost ray." [UBERON:cjm] comment: The correct terminology is yet to be established; in tetrapods 'ray' might mean the mereological sum of the phalanges of a funger plus a metatarsal bone. property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0002544 property_value: preceding_element_is "preaxial_to" is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: realized_by name: realized by namespace: BFO xref: BFO:0000054 [Typedef] id: repeated_element_number name: repeated element number def: "A property used to indicate the position of an element where that element is of a type that is serially repeated linearly along some axis for which a total ordering exists." [UBERON:cjm] comment: The range is currently non-negative integer is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: rhombomere_number name: rhombomere number def: "x rhombomere_number N if and only if (i) x is a rhombomere, and (ii) x is rhombomere number N in a series of rhombomeres repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with rhombomere_number 1 being the anteriormost rhombomere." [UBERON:cjm] property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0001892 property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: rib_number name: rib number def: "x rib_number N if and only if (i) x is a rib, and (ii) x is rib number N in a series of ribs repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with rib_number 1 being the anteriormost rib. Note that this property counts ribs, *not* the adjoining vertebrae." [UBERON:cjm] comment: AO notes: Note that in TAO, ribs are numbered by *vertebrae*. Taxon notes: In the early tetrapods, every vertebra bore a pair of ribs, although those on the thoracic vertebrae are typically the longest. In most subsequent forms, many of these early ribs have been lost, and in living amphibians and reptiles, there is great variation in rib structure and number. For example, turtles have only eight pairs of ribs, which are developed into a bony or cartilagenous carapace and plastron, while snakes have numerous ribs running along the full length of their trunk. Frogs typically have no ribs, aside from a sacral pair, which form part of the pelvis. Mammals usually also only have distinct ribs on the thoracic vertebra, although fixed cervical ribs are also present in monotremes. In marsupials and placental mammals, the cervical and lumbar ribs are found only as tiny remnants fused to the vertebrae, where they are referred to as transverse processes. In general, the structure and number of the true ribs in humans is similar to that in other mammals. Unlike reptiles, caudal ribs are never found in mammals. property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0002228 property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: secreted_by name: secreted_by [Typedef] id: secretes name: secretes [Typedef] id: serially_homologous_to name: serially_homologous_to is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: sexually_homologous_to name: sexually_homologous_to is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: site_of name: site_of def: "C site_of P iff exists species S such that P occurs_in C for all members of S. Example: bursa of Fabricius site_of B-cell differentiation." [GOC:cjm] [Typedef] id: somite_number name: somite number def: "x somite_number N if and only if (i) x is a somite, and (ii) x is somite number N in a series of somites repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with somite_number 1 being the anteriormost somite." [UBERON:cjm] property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0002329 property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096 is_metadata_tag: true [Typedef] id: spatially_disjoint_from name: spatially_disjoint_from def: "A is spatially_disjoint_from B if they have no parts in common." [SO:cjm] synonym: "non_overlapping_with" EXACT [] synonym: "shares_no_parts_with" EXACT [] expand_assertion_to: "Class: EquivalentTo: (BFO_0000050 some ?X) and (BFO_0000050 some ?Y)" [] is_metadata_tag: true is_class_level: true [Typedef] id: start_of name: start_of [Typedef] id: starts name: starts def: "Relation between occurrents, shares a start boundary with." [Allen:starts, UBERON:cjm, ZFS:starts] holds_over_chain: has_start start_of ! start_of is_a: part_of ! part_of [Typedef] id: subdivision_of name: subdivision of comment: placeholder relation. X = 'subdivision of A' and subdivision_of some B means that X is the mereological sum of A and B [Typedef] id: superficial_to name: superficial_to [Typedef] id: supplies name: supplies def: "relation between an artery and the structure is supplies with blood." [] comment: source: FMA synonym: "arterial supply of" EXACT [FMA:86003] xref: FMA:86003 [Typedef] id: surrounded_by name: surrounded_by def: "x surrounded_by y iff: x is adjacent to y and for every region r adjacent to x, r overlaps y" [UBERON:cjm] [Typedef] id: surrounds name: surrounds def: "inverse of surrounded_by" [UBERON:cjm] inverse_of: surrounded_by ! surrounded_by [Typedef] id: transitively_anteriorly_connected_to name: transitively anteriorly connected to def: "." [UBERONREF:0000004] is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: transitively_connected_to name: transitively_connected to is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: transitively_distally_connected_to name: transitively distally connected to def: "." [UBERONREF:0000004] is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: transitively_proximally_connected_to name: transitively proximally connected to def: "." [UBERONREF:0000004] is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: tributary_of name: tributary_of comment: taken from the FMA [Typedef] id: ventral_to name: ventral_to def: "x ventral_to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the front. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that bisects an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly)." [BSPO:cjm] xref: BSPO:0000102 is_transitive: true [Typedef] id: vertebra_number name: vertebra number def: "x vertebra_number N if and only if (i) x is a vertebra, and (ii) x is vertebra number N in a series of vertebras repeated along an anterior-posterior axis, with vertebra_number 1 being the anteriormost vertebra (also known as the atlas)." [UBERON:cjm] property_value: is_count_of UBERON:0002412 property_value: preceding_element_is BSPO:0000096 is_metadata_tag: true