format-version: 1.2 date: 06:02:2013 15:28 saved-by: JSmith auto-generated-by: OBO-Edit 2.3 default-namespace: Experimental Conditions. ontology data-version: 2.0 [Term] id: XCO:0000000 name: experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000001 name: activity def: "The state of being involved in some action, either physical or mental." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000002 name: resting def: "A state in which the organism is not exhibiting any physical exertion." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity [Term] id: XCO:0000003 name: resting on treadmill def: "A state in which the organism is on an non-operating exercise machine in which there is an endless belt that moves when operational so that the organism can walk or run in place." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000002 ! resting [Term] id: XCO:0000004 name: walking on treadmill def: "The action of ambulation on an exercise apparatus with an endless moving belt on which the organism can walk in place." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000007 ! walking [Term] id: XCO:0000005 name: running on treadmill def: "The act of rapidly moving the feet on an exercise apparatus with an endless belt that allows the user to perform the action of running in place." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000008 ! running [Term] id: XCO:0000006 name: swimming def: "The action of moving one's appendages to propel oneself through water." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity [Term] id: XCO:0000007 name: walking def: "The act of ambulation, moving oneself forward on legs or on an exercise apparatus." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity [Term] id: XCO:0000008 name: running def: "The action of rapid movement of feet that propels the organism forward or is done on an exercise machine so that the organism performs the activity in place." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity [Term] id: XCO:0000009 name: controlled atmosphere composition def: "An experimental condition in which the amount of one or more of the gases which make up the air surrounding an organism are controlled as part of the experiment on that organism." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000010 name: air oxygen content def: "A condition in which the oxygen level of the air surrounding an organism or breathed by the organism is controlled as part of the experiment." [RGD:MS] relationship: OBO_REL:part_of XCO:0000009 ! controlled atmosphere composition [Term] id: XCO:0000011 name: air temperature def: "The degree of heat or cold of the air surrounding an organism." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000111 ! temperature exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000012 name: air carbon dioxide content def: "A condition in which the level of carbon dioxide in the air surrounding the organism or breathed by the organism is controlled as part of the experiment." [RGD:MS] relationship: OBO_REL:part_of XCO:0000009 ! controlled atmosphere composition [Term] id: XCO:0000013 name: diet def: "The food and drink consumed by an organism day to day." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] synonym: "Diet" RELATED [NCI:C15222] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000014 name: controlled content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of one or more elements of the diet are controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000019 ! solid diet [Term] id: XCO:0000015 name: controlled calorie content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the number of calories consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000016 name: standard rat chow is_a: XCO:0000069 ! standard diet [Term] id: XCO:0000017 name: nephrectomy def: "Surgical removal of kidney." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-11-02T02:06:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000018 name: bilateral nephrectomy def: "Surgical removal of both kidneys." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000017 ! nephrectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-11-02T02:07:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000019 name: solid diet def: "The solid food that is consumed by an organism." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet [Term] id: XCO:0000020 name: drink def: "A liquid consumed by an organism." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet [Term] id: XCO:0000021 name: water is_a: XCO:0000020 ! drink [Term] id: XCO:0000022 name: controlled sodium content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of sodium consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000023 name: controlled ethanol content water def: "A drink made of water with a specified amount of ethanol added for consumption by an organism in an experiment." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000070 ! alcoholic drink is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content water [Term] id: XCO:0000024 name: controlled iron content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of iron consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000025 name: controlled fat content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of fat consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000026 name: surgical removal def: "Removal of an organ or gland from the boy of an organism prior to an experiment being performed on the organism." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation [Term] id: XCO:0000027 name: surgical implantation is_a: XCO:0000165 ! surgical manipulation [Term] id: XCO:0000028 name: caffeinated drink def: "A drink containing caffeine, one of the methylxanthines soluble in water and alcohol and obtainable from coffee, tea, guarana and mate." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000020 ! drink [Term] id: XCO:0000029 name: controlled carbohydrate content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of carbohydrates consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000030 name: controlled protein content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of protein consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000031 name: controlled calcium content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of calcium consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000032 name: controlled potassium content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of potassium consumed is controlled." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet [Term] id: XCO:0000033 name: housing condition is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000034 name: individual housing is_a: XCO:0000033 ! housing condition [Term] id: XCO:0000035 name: housing in pairs is_a: XCO:0000033 ! housing condition [Term] id: XCO:0000036 name: housing with socially dominant partner is_a: XCO:0000035 ! housing in pairs [Term] id: XCO:0000037 name: housing with socially subordinate partner is_a: XCO:0000035 ! housing in pairs [Term] id: XCO:0000038 name: radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to any type of energy transmitted by waves through space or through some medium or to a stream of particles, such as electrons or alpha particles." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000039 name: ionizing radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to transmitted energy composed of particles that individually carry enough kinetic energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiation] is_a: XCO:0000038 ! radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000040 name: gamma ray exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to high frequency, high energy electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components. Gamma radiation is traditionally considered to have wavelengths less than 0.01 nm and are generally emitted by nuclei rather than by electrons." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_ray] synonym: "gamma radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000039 ! ionizing radiation exposure is_a: XCO:0000045 ! electromagnetic radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000041 name: radon exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to transmitted energy from the gaseous radioactive element, atomic number 86, resulting from decay of radium. Such radiation is composed of particles that individually carry enough kinetic energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiation] is_a: XCO:0000039 ! ionizing radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000042 name: ultraviolet ray exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, in the part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths between about 10 and 400 nm. Ultraviolet radiation can be ionizing or non-ionizing depending on the wavelength." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation] synonym: "UV radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000045 ! electromagnetic radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000043 name: X-ray exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths between approximately 0.01 and 10 nm." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation] synonym: "roentgen radiation exposure" EXACT [] synonym: "X-radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000039 ! ionizing radiation exposure is_a: XCO:0000045 ! electromagnetic radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000044 name: non-ionizing radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to transmitted energy that does not carry enough energy per quantum to completely remove an electron from an atom or molecule. Such radiation has sufficient energy only for excitation, the movement of an electron to a higher energy state." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-ionizing_radiation] is_a: XCO:0000038 ! radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000045 name: electromagnetic radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components. Electromagnetic radiation includes, in order of decreasing wavelength, radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light, x-rays, gamma rays, and cosmic rays." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation] is_a: XCO:0000038 ! radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000046 name: infrared radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths longer than those of visible light, i.e. from approximately 750 nm to 1 mm." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation] synonym: "IR radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000044 ! non-ionizing radiation exposure is_a: XCO:0000045 ! electromagnetic radiation exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000047 name: sensory stimulus def: "An action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus and the voyage made by incoming nerve impulses from the sense organs to the nerve centers. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [MedicineNet:http\://www.medterms.com, Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition [Term] id: XCO:0000048 name: auditory stimulus def: "Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by organs and receptors involved in the sense of hearing. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000047 ! sensory stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000049 name: visual stimulus def: "Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by the optical sense organs. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000047 ! sensory stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000050 name: olfactory stimulus def: "Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus, by organs or receptors involved in the sense of smell. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000047 ! sensory stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000051 name: taste stimulus def: "Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by the gustatory receptors in the tongue. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000047 ! sensory stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000052 name: tactile stimulus def: "Any action or condition designed to cause the registration or perception of a stimulus by organs and receptors involved in the sense of touch. A stimulus is anything that excites or incites an organism or part thereof to function, become active, or respond." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000047 ! sensory stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000053 name: heat exposure, targeted def: "An activity or condition involving a high temperature targeted to a particular part of an organism's body." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000111 ! temperature exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000054 name: cold exposure, targeted def: "An activity or condition involving a low temperature targeted to a particular part of an organism's body." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000111 ! temperature exposure [Term] id: XCO:0000055 name: electric shock exposure def: "Stimulation of nerves through application of an electric current." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000052 ! tactile stimulus [Term] id: XCO:0000056 name: naive control condition def: "A baseline condition in which none of the experimental manipulations are performed." [RGD:MS] synonym: "standard condition" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000099 ! control condition [Term] id: XCO:0000057 name: rebreathed air def: "Breathing in again air which has been exhaled." [Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Webster's_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] relationship: OBO_REL:part_of XCO:0000009 ! controlled atmosphere composition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:47:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000058 name: room temperature def: "The temperature of the air surrounding an organism which is considered the most common level for the facility. For humans the temperature considered most comfortable for a room is between 18 and 27 degrees celsius." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000011 ! air temperature created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:49:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000059 name: physical activity def: "Action in which a part of the body or whole body is involved in movement." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000001 ! activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:50:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000060 name: mental activity def: "Being in a state of action within the mind often involving manipulation of words or numbers." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000001 ! activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:50:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000061 name: serial subtraction exercise def: "An activity in which a person starts with a number and deducts a specified number from that and then deducts the same number from the remainder of the first computation, without using a calculator or pencil and paper." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000060 ! mental activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:51:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000062 name: cycling def: "The action of riding on a stationary or moving vehicle with wheels that is propelled by the movement of a person's legs." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:51:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000063 name: cycling, stationary def: "The act of propelling the wheel or wheels of a fixed exercise machine through the action of one's legs." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000062 ! cycling created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:52:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000064 name: cycling, non-stationary def: "The action of propelling a two wheeled vehicle by the movement of a person's legs." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000062 ! cycling created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:52:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000065 name: hand dynamometer activity def: "The action of squeezing an apparatus that measures the muscular contraction of the hand, used as a condition of exertion in experiments measuring other physiological functions." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:52:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000066 name: body position change def: "Change in position or attitude of body as part of the experiment in which measurements are taken before, during and/or after the change." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000081 ! body position created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:53:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000067 name: body position change, seated to standing is_a: XCO:0000066 ! body position change created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:53:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000068 name: body position change, supine to standing is_a: XCO:0000066 ! body position change created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:53:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000069 name: standard diet is_a: XCO:0000019 ! solid diet created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2009-12-17T01:56:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000070 name: alcoholic drink def: "A drink containing ethanol, a transparent, colorless, volatile,flammable liquid, which is formed by microbial fermentation of carbohydrates." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] synonym: "ethanol" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000020 ! drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:10:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000071 name: beer def: "An alcoholic drink brewed by fermenting malt with sugar and yeast and flavored with hops." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000070 ! alcoholic drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:11:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000072 name: wine def: "Alcoholic drink made by fermenting the juice of grapes." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000070 ! alcoholic drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:11:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000073 name: liquor def: "Alcoholic beverage produced by distillation." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] is_a: XCO:0000070 ! alcoholic drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:11:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000074 name: controlled caffeine content water def: "A drink made up of water and a specified amount of caffeine consumed by an organism as part of an experiment." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000028 ! caffeinated drink is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content water created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:15:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000075 name: tea is_a: XCO:0000028 ! caffeinated drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:15:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000076 name: coffee def: "A drink made of the decoction or infusion of the dried, roasted sees of Coffea arabica or Coffea canephora." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000028 ! caffeinated drink created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:15:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000077 name: tobacco use def: "The use of any product made for human consumption from Nicotiana tabacum." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:17:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000078 name: cigar smoking def: "The action of smoking, inhalation of the gases and hydrocarbon vapors generated by burning a cigar, a rolled cylinder of tobacco wrapped in tobacco leaves." [Multiple_Dictionaries:http\://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com] synonym: "Cigar Smoking NCI Thesaurus" RELATED [NCI:C19702] is_a: XCO:0000077 ! tobacco use created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:17:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000079 name: cigarette smoking def: "The action of smoking, inhalation of the gases and hydrocarbon vapors generated by burning a cigarette, a small roll of finely cut tobacco enclosed in a wrapper of thin paper." [Multiple_Dictionaries:http\://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com] synonym: "Cigarette Smoking_NCI Thesaurus" RELATED [NCI:C18270] is_a: XCO:0000077 ! tobacco use created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:18:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000080 name: tobacco chewing def: "Mastication of a form of the prepared leaves of Nicotiana tabacum that is chewed." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000077 ! tobacco use created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-01-05T03:18:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000081 name: body position def: "The attitude or posture of the body." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] synonym: "posture" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T09:05:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000082 name: sitting position def: "A position of rest in which the weight is largely supported by the buttocks, usually with the body vertical." [Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary] synonym: "seated" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000081 ! body position created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T09:06:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000083 name: standing position def: "A position in which an organism is upright balanced on two legs for bipedal organisms or four legs for quadrapedal organisms.." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000081 ! body position created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T09:06:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000084 name: supine position def: "A position in which the organism is lying face up." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000081 ! body position created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T09:07:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000085 name: stationary bicycle dynamometer is_a: XCO:0000063 ! cycling, stationary created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T01:56:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000086 name: exercise training program def: "A fixed series of exercises or body movements repeated at intervals over a specified period of time as part of a program to improve strength, aerobic capacity or other elements of fitness." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-03-04T02:09:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000087 name: specific pathogen-free conditions is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-06-29T03:35:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000088 name: chemical def: "A substance composed of chemical elements or obtained by chemical processes." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:00:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000089 name: neoplasm inducing agent is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:01:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000090 name: 7,12-dimethyltetraphene (DMBA) def: "A tetraphene having methyl substituents at eht 7- and 12- positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke." [CHEBI:254496] synonym: "CHEBI:254496" RELATED [CHEBI:CHEBI\:254496] synonym: "D015127" RELATED [] synonym: "DMBA" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000093 ! polycyclic arene created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:01:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000091 name: steroid is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm inducing agent created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:03:53Z [Term] id: XCO:0000092 name: 17 beta-estradiol def: "The predominant circulating form of estrogen, the female sex hormone." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estradiol] synonym: "beta-estradiol" RELATED [] synonym: "CHEBI:16469" RELATED [] synonym: "CO47085" RELATED [] synonym: "E2" RELATED [] synonym: "estradiol" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000229 ! steroid hormone created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:04:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000093 name: polycyclic arene def: "A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon." [Wikipedia:http\://en.eikipedia.org/wiki/] synonym: "polycyclic arene" RELATED [Chebi:CHEBI\:33848] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm inducing agent created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-01T01:07:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000094 name: ovariectomy def: "The removal of one or both ovaries, the female gonads, from an organism." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] synonym: "oophorectomy" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T01:28:36Z [Term] id: XCO:0000095 name: bilateral ovariectomy def: "Surgical removal of both ovaries." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000094 ! ovariectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T01:29:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000096 name: unilateral ovariectomy def: "Surgical removal of a single ovary." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000094 ! ovariectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T01:29:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000097 name: right ovariectomy def: "Surgical removal of the right ovary." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000096 ! unilateral ovariectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T01:29:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000098 name: left ovariectomy def: "Surgical removal of the left ovary." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000096 ! unilateral ovariectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T01:30:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000099 name: control condition def: "A baseline condition in which the experimental observations or measurements may be evaluated." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T02:06:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000100 name: sham surgical control condition def: "A surgical treatment or procedure that is performed as a control and that is similar to but omits a key therapeutic element of the treatment or procedure under investigation." [Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Webster's_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000099 ! control condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T02:06:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000101 name: vehicle control condition def: "A treatment or procedure used as a control in which a saline or other solution is injected in the same manner as the experimental solution minus the key element of the experimental solution." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000099 ! control condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-02T02:07:02Z [Term] id: XCO:0000102 name: fasting def: "Abstaining from the consumption of food, often for a specified period of time." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000013 ! diet created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-08T09:37:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000103 name: glucose solution is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-08T09:40:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000104 name: glucose solution, 2.8M is_a: XCO:0000103 ! glucose solution created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-08T09:40:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000105 name: pancreatectomy def: "Surgical removal of part or all of the pancreas, the combined endocrine/exocrine gland situated transversely behind the stomach, between the spleen and the duodenum." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2010-11-10T02:19:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000106 name: anesthetic def: "Drug or agent used to reduce or eliminate pain or sensation." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-01-21T09:44:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000107 name: pentobarbital def: "Short to intermediate acting barbiturate used as a sedative and hypnotic." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-01-21T09:45:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000108 name: pentobarbital, sodium def: "Sodium salt of pentobarbital, a short to intermediate acting barbiturate used as a sedative and hypnotic." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000107 ! pentobarbital created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-01-21T09:46:40Z [Term] id: XCO:0000109 name: isoflurane def: "Potent inhalational anesthetic." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-01-21T09:48:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000110 name: prone position def: "A position in which the organism is lying face down." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000081 ! body position created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-02-07T01:44:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000111 name: temperature exposure is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-02-08T02:22:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000112 name: unilateral nephrectomy def: "Surgical removal of a single kidney." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000017 ! nephrectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-11-02T02:08:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000113 name: right nephrectomy def: "Surgical removal of the right kidney." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000112 ! unilateral nephrectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-11-02T02:11:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000114 name: left nephrectomy def: "Surgical removal of the left kidney." [RGD:MS] is_a: XCO:0000112 ! unilateral nephrectomy created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2011-11-02T02:12:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000115 name: perfusate def: "Any fluid which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2012-01-09T01:29:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000116 name: Kreb's solution perfusate def: "A buffered, aqueous solution usually containing the cations sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, and anions chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate and phosphate and often including glucose as an energy source which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Sigma-Aldrich:http\://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Sigma/Product_Information_Sheet/1/k3753pis.Par.0001.File.tmp/k3753pis.pdf] synonym: "Krebs-Henseleit buffer perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "Krebs-Ringer buffer perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "Krebs-Ringer solution perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "Krebs–Henseleit solution perfusate" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000115 ! perfusate created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2012-01-09T01:29:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000117 name: saline solution perfusate def: "A fluid containing a specified amount of a chemical salt, for example sodium chloride, which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000115 ! perfusate created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2012-01-09T01:29:28Z [Term] id: XCO:0000118 name: perfusate suspended def: "A condition in which a fluid which has been injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel, remains in but is no longer actively passed through the organ or tissue for a specified period of time." [Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary, Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000115 ! perfusate created_by: mshimoyama creation_date: 2012-01-09T01:29:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000119 name: amino acid def: "Any naturally occurring or synthetic organic compound containing an amino group, a carboxylic acid group and a side chain. An amino acid may be administered as a nutritional supplement or as a drug." [Wikipedia:http\://en.eikipedia.org/wiki/] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T12:55:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000120 name: inhibitor def: "A substance or compound which interferes with a chemical reaction or a molecular or physiological process or activity." [RGD:JRS, Multiple_Dictionaries:http\://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/inhibitor] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T01:09:21Z [Term] id: XCO:0000121 name: NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester def: "A basic amino acid, commonly known as L-NAME, used as a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase." [MeSH:D019331] synonym: "CHEMBL7890 " RELATED [] synonym: "L-NAME" EXACT [] synonym: "MeSH:D019331" RELATED [] synonym: "PubChem_compound:39836" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000119 ! amino acid is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T01:15:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000122 name: diuretic def: "A chemical which tends to increase the excretion of urine." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T01:51:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000123 name: sulfonamide def: "A compound containing a sulfonamide functional group. A sulfonamide functional group contains sulfonyl connected to an amine group and has the general structure R-S(=O)2-NH2. Sulfonamide also refers to several classes of drugs which include antimicrobial \"sulfa drugs\", anticonvulsants and the sulfonylureas and thiazide diuretics." [Wikipedia:http\://en.eikipedia.org/wiki/] synonym: "CHEBI:35358" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:35358 is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T01:52:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000124 name: furosemide def: "A diuretic drug which inhibits Nkcc2, one of the Na-K symporters and reduces the reabsorption of sodium chloride. Furosemide is used experimentally for sodium depletion." [Wikipedia:http\://en.eikipedia.org/wiki/] synonym: "Frusemide" RELATED [] synonym: "Lasix" RELATED [] synonym: "PubChem_compound:3440" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:47426 is_a: XCO:0000122 ! diuretic is_a: XCO:0000123 ! sulfonamide created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T01:53:25Z [Term] id: XCO:0000125 name: hormone def: "A chemical substance which in its endogenous state is produced by an organ, cells of an organ or scattered cells, having a specific regulatory affect on the activity of an organ or tissue." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T02:54:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000126 name: angiotensin def: "A peptide hormone which increases blood pressure by causing blood vessel constriction. Part of the renin-angiotensin system." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000141 ! vasoconstrictor is_a: XCO:0000228 ! peptide hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T03:00:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000127 name: norepinephrine def: "A catecholamine neurotransmitter and stress hormone with multiple physiological roles including affects on heart rate, blood pressure and vascular tone." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] synonym: "noradrenaline" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000141 ! vasoconstrictor is_a: XCO:0000144 ! neurotransmitter is_a: XCO:0000230 ! monoamine hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T03:01:05Z [Term] id: XCO:0000128 name: drink with chemical additive is_obsolete: true created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T03:23:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000129 name: water with NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester def: "Drinking water with a specified concentration of NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) added to it. L-NAME is used as a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase." [PGA:Renal_protocol] synonym: "water with L-NAME" EXACT [] is_obsolete: true created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-02-16T03:23:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000130 name: ketamine synonym: "PubChem_Compound CID:3821" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:6121 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:33:06Z [Term] id: XCO:0000131 name: xylazine synonym: "PubChem_Compound CID:5707" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:165540 xref: CHEMBL:297362 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:34:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000132 name: acepromazine synonym: "PubChem_Compound CID:6077" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:44932 is_a: XCO:0000106 ! anesthetic created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:39:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000133 name: antigen def: "a chemical compound to which the body can mount a localized or systemic immune reaction, e.g. a T cell or B cell response" [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:42:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000134 name: methacholine xref: CHEBI:6804 is_a: XCO:0000133 ! antigen is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:45:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000135 name: receptor agonist is_a: XCO:0000214 ! activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:46:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000136 name: enzyme substrate is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:48:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000137 name: FAPGG synonym: "3-(2-FurylAcryloyl)-L-PHE-GLY-GLY" EXACT [] synonym: "FurylAcrylolPhenylalanylGlycylGlycine" EXACT [] synonym: "PubChem Compound: CID 6438387" RELATED [] xref: CAS:64566-61-6 is_a: XCO:0000136 ! enzyme substrate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:48:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000138 name: methylene blue def: "Methylene blue is monoamine oxidase inhibitor and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, as well as a cationic dye used as a redox indicator." [RGD:SL] synonym: "methylthioninium chloride" EXACT [] synonym: "PubChem Compound: CID 6099" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:6872 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000199 ! oxidation-reduction indicator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:51:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000139 name: vasoactive chemical def: "a chemical which can work on the blood vessels and/or cardiovascular system of an organism" [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:53:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000140 name: vasodilator def: "a chemical which functions to dilate or increase the interior diameter of blood vessels" [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000139 ! vasoactive chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:55:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000141 name: vasoconstrictor def: "a chemical which acts to constrict or reduce the interior diameter of blood vessels" [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000139 ! vasoactive chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:56:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000142 name: sodium nitroprusside synonym: "disodium pentacyanonitrosylferrate(2-) dehydrate" EXACT [] synonym: "PubChem_Compound CID:11953891" RELATED [] synonym: "PubChem_Compound CID:11963579" RELATED [] synonym: "sodium nitroferricyanide" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:29321 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T07:58:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000143 name: acetylcholine synonym: "PubChem_Compound CID:187" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:15355 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000144 ! neurotransmitter created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T08:00:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000144 name: neurotransmitter is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T08:01:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000145 name: phenylephrine synonym: "PubChem_Compound CID:6041" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:8093 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist is_a: XCO:0000141 ! vasoconstrictor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-15T08:02:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000146 name: controlled oxygen content Kreb's solution perfusate def: "A buffered, aqueous solution usually containing the cations sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, and anions chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate and phosphate and often including glucose as an energy source in which a specified amount of the tasteless, odorless, colorless gas essential for aerobic respiration with atomic number 8 has been dissolved, which is injected or pumped into, or poured through, an organ or tissue, usually via a blood vessel." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed, Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed, Sigma-Aldrich:http\://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Sigma/Product_Information_Sheet/1/k3753pis.Par.0001.File.tmp/k3753pis.pdf] synonym: "controlled oxygen content Krebs-Henseleit buffer perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled oxygen content Krebs-Ringer buffer perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled oxygen content Krebs-Ringer solution perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "controlled oxygen content Krebs–Henseleit solution perfusate" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000116 ! Kreb's solution perfusate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-21T02:07:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000147 name: physiological salt solution perfusate def: "A fluid which is injected or pumped into an organ or tissue, usually via blood vessels, composed of a solution of sodium chloride at a concentration which closely approximates the osmolarity of salt in blood." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_%28medicine%29#Normal] synonym: "normal saline perfusate" RELATED [] synonym: "PSS" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000117 ! saline solution perfusate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-21T02:18:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000148 name: controlled oxygen content physiological salt solution perfusate def: "A fluid which is injected or pumped into an organ or tissue, usually via blood vessels, composed of a solution of sodium chloride at a concentration which closely approximates the osmolarity of salt in blood, and which contains a specific, controlled concentration of oxygen gas, the tasteless, odorless, colorless gas with atomic number 8 essential for aerobic respiration, dissolved in it." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_%28medicine%29#Normal] synonym: "oxygenated PSS" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000147 ! physiological salt solution perfusate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-21T02:19:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000149 name: ion/salt is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-23T07:25:49Z [Term] id: XCO:0000150 name: potassium ion def: "Exposure to the potassium ion K+, for example as a potassium salt in solution or as a supplement. Note: not used for potassium salt in animal feed. For that application XCO:0000032, \"controlled potassium content diet\" is used." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000149 ! ion/salt created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-23T07:31:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000151 name: chemical time series is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-23T08:10:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000152 name: drug dose time series def: "the condition of exposing an organism, organ or tissue to a series of increasing doses of a drug or other chemical from which a single measurement value is obtained" [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000151 ! chemical time series created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-23T08:11:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000153 name: sample resting period def: "A predetermined and specified amount of time during which an experimental specimen sits undisturbed, for example to allow a chemical reacion to proceed." [RGD:JRS] synonym: "sample room temperature incubation" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-26T10:46:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000154 name: ion/salt solution def: "A solution, usually of water, in which a specific ion or salt is dissolved." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000149 ! ion/salt created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-26T04:34:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000155 name: sodium chloride solution def: "A solution, usually of water, in which a specified concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) is dissolved." [RGD:JRS] synonym: "saline solution" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000154 ! ion/salt solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-26T04:36:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000156 name: 0.9% sodium chloride solution synonym: "0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000155 ! sodium chloride solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-03-26T04:56:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000157 name: physical restraint def: "the use of manual or mechanical means to limit some or all of an animal's normal movement for the purpose of examination, collection of samples, drug administration, therapy, or experimental manipulation" [NIH:http\://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/Guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-Laboratory-animals.pdf] is_a: XCO:0000059 ! physical activity created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-06-07T12:30:41Z [Term] id: XCO:0000158 name: physical restraint in mechanical restrainer def: "the use of mechanical means to limit some or all of an animal's normal movements" [NIH:http\://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/Guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-Laboratory-animals.pdf] is_a: XCO:0000157 ! physical restraint created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-06-07T12:42:46Z [Term] id: XCO:0000159 name: physical restraint in tube type rodent restrainer def: "the use of a tube type rodent restrainer to limit some or all of an animal's normal movements" [NIH:http\://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/Guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-Laboratory-animals.pdf] is_a: XCO:0000158 ! physical restraint in mechanical restrainer created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-06-07T12:43:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000160 name: receptor antagonist def: "A substance that binds to a receptor without eliciting a biological response, blocking binding of substances that could elicit such responses." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-03T03:15:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000161 name: losartan def: "Angiotensin receptor antagonist and vasodilator which consists of a biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position. Losartan also has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position." [CHEBI:6541] xref: CHEBI:6541 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-09T10:53:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000162 name: pentolinium def: "Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, ganglionic blocking agent and vasodilator which consists of a dication whose structure comprises a pentane backbone linking two 1-methylpyrrolidinium groups." [CHEBI:347401] xref: CHEBI:347401 xref: CHEBI:55326 is_a: XCO:0000140 ! vasodilator is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-09T10:58:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000163 name: controlled content water def: "Drinking water in which the amount of one or more solutes are controlled." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000021 ! water created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-09T11:14:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000164 name: controlled sodium content water def: "Drinking water to which a controlled amount of sodium has been added." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000163 ! controlled content water created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-09T11:19:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000165 name: surgical manipulation def: "Any process involving manual and instrumental techniques for incision or excision of a part of an organism to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgery] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T01:38:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000166 name: controlled in situ organ condition def: "Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of an organ, that is, a differentiated, structural part of a system of the body that performs a specific function, is experimentally manipulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. without removal from the body." [Multiple_Dictionaries:http\://www.thefreedictionary.com/, RGD:JRS, RGD:MRD] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T02:55:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000167 name: controlled in situ kidney condition def: "Any experimental condition in which the internal or external environment of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is experimentally manipulated, for example through perfusion, increased or decreased blood flow, etc. without removal from the body." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000166 ! controlled in situ organ condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T03:01:51Z [Term] id: XCO:0000168 name: controlled in situ renal perfusion pressure def: "Condition in which the difference in pressure between the arteries and veins in the kidney, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is experimentally regulated, for example by injecting or pumping a fluid into the kidney at a specified pressure or by regulating the blood flow through the kidney, without removal of the organ from the body." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000167 ! controlled in situ kidney condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T03:07:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000169 name: labeled chemical def: "Any chemical to which a tracer has been added such as the addition of a fluorescent tag or inclusion of a radioactive element during synthesis." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T03:39:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000170 name: fluorescently labeled chemical def: "Chemical to which a fluorescent tag has been added as a tracer." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000169 ! labeled chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T03:51:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000171 name: radioactively labeled chemical def: "Chemical into which a radioactive element has been incorporated as a tracer." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000169 ! labeled chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T03:53:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000172 name: carbohydrate def: "Any of a group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starches, celluloses, and gums and serves as a major energy source in the diet of animals." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] xref: CHEBI:16646 is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T04:09:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000173 name: polysaccharide def: "A macromolecule consisting of large numbers of monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically." [CHEBI:18154] xref: CHEBI:18154 is_a: XCO:0000172 ! carbohydrate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T04:13:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000174 name: inulin def: "A fructose-based starch derived from rhizomes of plants from the Compositae family and used as a diagnostic aid in tests of kidney function, specifically glomerular filtration." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] xref: CHEBI:15443 is_a: XCO:0000173 ! polysaccharide created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T04:15:22Z [Term] id: XCO:0000175 name: tritiated inulin def: "Inulin, a fructose-based starch derived from rhizomes of plants from the Compositae family and used as a diagnostic aid in tests of kidney function, specifically glomerular filtration, into which the mass 3 radioactive isotope of hydrogen has been incorporated as a tracer." [Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed, Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "3H-inulin" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000171 ! radioactively labeled chemical is_a: XCO:0000174 ! inulin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-11T04:18:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000176 name: enzyme def: "Any of numerous proteins or conjugated proteins produced by living organisms and functioning as specialized catalysts for biochemical reactions." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-12T05:06:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000177 name: thrombin def: "An enzyme in blood formed from prothrombin that facilitates blood clotting by reacting with fibrinogen to form fibrin, as well as participating in additional steps in the coagulation pathway." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombin] xref: EC:3.4.21.5 is_a: XCO:0000176 ! enzyme created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-12T05:13:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000178 name: thapsigargin def: "A non-competitive inhibitor the sarco / endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) class of enzymes. Acts as a non-phorbol-ester-type tumor promoter and acts as an inhibitor of calcium ATPase of endoplasmic reticulum, leading to an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ions." [Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thapsigargin] xref: CHEBI:9516 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-12T05:24:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000179 name: ionizing ultraviolet radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths between 10 and 120 nm. Radiation (i.e. ultraviolet light) at this wavelength is considered ionizing, that is, composed of photons that individually carry enough energy to liberate an electron from an atom or molecule without raising the bulk material to ionization temperature." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizing_radiation] synonym: "extreme ultraviolet ray exposure" RELATED [] synonym: "extreme UV ray exposure" RELATED [] synonym: "ionizing UV radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000039 ! ionizing radiation exposure is_a: XCO:0000042 ! ultraviolet ray exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T12:39:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000180 name: non-ionizing ultraviolet radiation exposure def: "The condition of being subjected to electromagnetic radiation, that is, energy emitted and absorbed by charged particles, which exhibits wave-like behavior as it travels and has both electric and magnetic field components, with wavelengths between 120 and 400 nm. Radiation (i.e. ultraviolet light) at this wavelength does not have sufficient energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules although it can induce photochemical reactions, or accelerate radical reactions." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_Radiation, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet] synonym: "near ultraviolet radiation exposure" NARROW [] synonym: "non-ionizing UV radiation exposure" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000042 ! ultraviolet ray exposure is_a: XCO:0000044 ! non-ionizing radiation exposure created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T01:00:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000181 name: controlled ambient light condition def: "Condition in which the level and/or time of exposure to ambient or environmental light is controlled." [RGD:JRS] synonym: "controlled light condition" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T02:59:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000182 name: controlled exposure to light def: "Experimentally controlled exposure to a specific level and/or time period of light, particularly visible light.." [RGD:JRS] synonym: "diurnal" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000181 ! controlled ambient light condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T03:09:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000183 name: controlled exposure to darkness def: "Experimentally controlled exposure to a specific period of time without ambient light." [RGD:JRS] synonym: "nocturnal" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000181 ! controlled ambient light condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T03:12:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000184 name: calcium ion def: "The divalent cation of calcium, the chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium] is_a: XCO:0000149 ! ion/salt created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T03:19:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000185 name: calcium ion solution def: "A solution of the divalent cation of calcium, the chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium] is_a: XCO:0000154 ! ion/salt solution created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-13T03:25:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000186 name: cytisine def: "A toxic selective nicotinic cholinergic alkaloid from the seed of Laburnum anagyroides and other Leguminosae. Used in pharmacological studies of nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the brain." [Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary] synonym: "baptitoxine" RELATED [] synonym: "sophorine" RELATED [] xref: CASRN:485-35-8 is_a: XCO:0000135 ! receptor agonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-30T08:40:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000187 name: trimethaphan camsylate def: "A drug that counteracts cholinergic transmission at the ganglion type of nicotinic receptors of the autonomic ganglia by acting as a non-depolarizing competitive antagonist at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimethaphan_camsylate] synonym: "Arfonad" RELATED [] synonym: "trimetaphan camsilate" EXACT [] xref: CASRN:7187-66-8 xref: CHEBI:9729 is_a: XCO:0000160 ! receptor antagonist created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-30T08:54:30Z [Term] id: XCO:0000188 name: darodipine def: "Calcium channel blocker." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darodipine] synonym: "PY 108-068" RELATED [] xref: CASRN:72803-02-2 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-07-30T09:01:57Z [Term] id: XCO:0000189 name: physical restraint on immobilization board def: "Immobilization of a subject on a frame or platform by securing all four limbs to it, e.g. by taping them to mounts attached to the frame, thereby eliminating the subject's ability to move at will." [Fink:Encyclopedia_of_Stress] is_a: XCO:0000158 ! physical restraint in mechanical restrainer created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-08-01T04:38:43Z [Term] id: XCO:0000190 name: angiotensin I def: "The 10 amino acid cleavage product produced by the action of renin on angiotensinogen. Ang I is apparently inactive unless further cleaved by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) into Ang II." [PMID:18793332] is_a: XCO:0000126 ! angiotensin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-08-09T01:48:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000191 name: angiotensin II def: "The 8 amino acid cleavage product produced by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) on Ang I. Ang II is considered to be the main effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), has endocrine, autocrine/paracrine, and intracrine hormone activities in the body and acts as a powerful vasoconstrictor." [PMID:18793332] xref: CHEBI:48432 is_a: XCO:0000126 ! angiotensin created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-08-09T01:58:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000192 name: deoxycorticosterone acetate def: "The acetate ester of 11-deoxycorticosterone, a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11-Deoxycorticosterone] synonym: "21-hydroxyprogesterone acetate" RELATED [] synonym: "desoxycorticosterone acetate" RELATED [] synonym: "DOCA" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:16973 is_a: XCO:0000091 ! steroid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-08-09T02:19:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000193 name: peptide/protein def: "Any natural or synthetic complex organic macromolecule composed of chain(s) of amino acids. A peptide can be contain as few as two amino acids; a protein can contain multiple chains composed of hundreds of amino acids." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] synonym: "polypeptide" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2012-08-27T04:50:37Z [Term] id: XCO:0000194 name: antibody def: "A protein molecule with the ability to interact with a specific antigen, for example a toxin, bacterial protein or virus, and with molecules with structures similar to the antigen which induced its synthesis." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] synonym: "immunoglobulin" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2012-08-27T05:01:08Z [Term] id: XCO:0000195 name: myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein def: "A membrane protein expressed on the oligodendrocyte cell surface and the outermost surface of myelin sheaths. Due to this localization, it is considered a primary target antigen involved in immune-mediated demyelination." [NCBI_Gene:4340] synonym: "Mog" RELATED [] synonym: "RGD:3102" NARROW [] synonym: "rMog (recombinant Mog)" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: jsmith creation_date: 2012-08-27T05:05:03Z [Term] id: XCO:0000196 name: glybenclamide def: "ATP-sensitive potassium channel inhibitor used as an anti-arrhythmia drug and a hypoglycemic/anti-diabetes drug. In the latter case, the drug causes beta cell membrane depolarization, which in turn results in opening of voltage-dependent calcium channels and subsequent insulin release." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glibenclamide] synonym: "glyburide" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:5441 is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T11:39:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000197 name: indicator def: "Any substance that indicates the presence, absence, or concentration of another substance or the degree of reaction between substances by means of a characteristic change, especially in color." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T12:25:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000198 name: pH indicator def: "Any substance that indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions, that is the acidity level, of a solution by means of a characteristic change, especially in color." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000197 ! indicator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T12:30:07Z [Term] id: XCO:0000199 name: oxidation-reduction indicator def: "Any substance which indicates the oxidation status of another substance or of a reaction by means of a characteristic change, especially in color." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "redox indicator" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000197 ! indicator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T12:34:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000200 name: 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid def: "A monocarboxylic acid that serves as an intermediate in the metabolism of leucine and a substrate for NADPH-dependent dehydrogenases." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Ketoisocaproic_acid] synonym: "2-Oxoisocaproate" EXACT [] synonym: "4-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid" EXACT [] synonym: "alpha-ketoisocaproic acid " EXACT [] synonym: "alpha-KIC" RELATED [] synonym: "Ketoleucine" RELATED [] synonym: "PubChem_Compound CID:70" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:48430 is_a: XCO:0000136 ! enzyme substrate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T12:50:31Z [Term] id: XCO:0000201 name: orchiectomy def: "Surgical removal of one or both testes." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "orchidectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "testectomy" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T01:13:58Z [Term] id: XCO:0000202 name: unilateral orchiectomy def: "Surgical removal of a single testis." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "unilateral orchidectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "unilateral testectomy" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000201 ! orchiectomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T01:18:15Z [Term] id: XCO:0000203 name: bilateral orchiectomy def: "Surgical removal of both testes." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] synonym: "bilateral orchidectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "bilateral testectomy" EXACT [] synonym: "castration" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000201 ! orchiectomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T01:20:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000204 name: testosterone def: "The principal androgenic, that is, male sex hormone. Responsible for regulation of gonadotropic secretion, spermatogenesis and control of other male characteristics." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000229 ! steroid hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-10T01:41:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000205 name: mutation inducing agent def: "An agent that causes or increases the frequency of permanent, heritable changes in the DNA sequence or chromosomal structure of a cell or organism." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007, Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "mutagen" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-11T04:39:32Z [Term] id: XCO:0000206 name: N-nitrosodiethylamine def: "A component of tobacco smoke which has been shown to be mutagenic and carcinogenic in animal studies." [PMID:8910949] synonym: "diethylnitrosamine" RELATED [] synonym: "N,N-diethylnitrosamine" RELATED [] synonym: "NDEA" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm inducing agent is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-11T05:01:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000207 name: 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene def: "A potent liver carcinogen." [Website:http\://potency.berkeley.edu/chempages/3%27-METHYL-4-DIMETHYLAMINOAZOBENZENE.html] synonym: "3'-Me-DAB" RELATED [] synonym: "4-Dimethylamino-3'-methylazobenzene" EXACT [] synonym: "CAS_RN:55-80-1" RELATED [] synonym: "MDAB" RELATED [] synonym: "methyldimethylaminoazobenzene" EXACT [] synonym: "PubChem_Compound:CID 5934" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm inducing agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-11T05:33:14Z [Term] id: XCO:0000208 name: 2-acetylaminofluorene is_a: XCO:0000089 ! neoplasm inducing agent is_a: XCO:0000205 ! mutation inducing agent created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:33:44Z [Term] id: XCO:0000209 name: hepatectomy is_a: XCO:0000026 ! surgical removal created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:34:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000210 name: partial hepatectomy is_a: XCO:0000209 ! hepatectomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:34:52Z [Term] id: XCO:0000211 name: controlled sucrose content diet is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:36:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000212 name: controlled copper content diet is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:36:56Z [Term] id: XCO:0000213 name: arginine is_a: XCO:0000119 ! amino acid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-09-13T06:45:59Z [Term] id: XCO:0000214 name: activator def: "Any substance that makes another substance active or reactive, induces a chemical reaction, or combines with an enzyme to increase its catalytic activity." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T05:09:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000215 name: controlled calcium ion content physiological salt solution perfusate def: "A fluid which is injected or pumped into an organ or tissue, usually via blood vessels, composed of a solution of sodium chloride at a concentration which closely approximates the osmolarity of salt in blood, and which contains a specific, controlled concentration of calcium ions, divalent cations of the metallic chemical element with atomic number 20, dissolved in it." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005, Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_%28medicine%29#Normal] is_a: XCO:0000147 ! physiological salt solution perfusate created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:11:47Z [Term] id: XCO:0000216 name: ion channel activator def: "Any chemical substance which increases the activity of an ion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of specific ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "ion channel agonist" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000214 ! activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T05:16:39Z [Term] id: XCO:0000217 name: cation channel activator def: "Any chemical substance which increases the activity of a cation channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of positively charged ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000216 ! ion channel activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T05:40:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000218 name: 4-alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate def: "A phorbol ester analog that is an activator of TRPV4 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 4) channels." [Website:http\://www.lclabs.com/PRODFILE/P-R/P-2170.php4] synonym: " 4-alpha-PDD" EXACT [] synonym: "PubChem_Compound CID 452544" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:295732 is_a: XCO:0000217 ! cation channel activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T05:41:38Z [Term] id: XCO:0000219 name: dihydrocapsaicin def: "A capsaicinoid which is an irritant and a selective TRPV1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1) agonist." [Website:http\://datasheets.scbt.com/sc-202578.pdf] synonym: "8-Methyl-N-vanillylnonanamide" EXACT [] synonym: "DHC" RELATED [] synonym: "N-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-8-methylnonanamide" EXACT [] xref: CHEBI:46932 is_a: XCO:0000217 ! cation channel activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T06:08:13Z [Term] id: XCO:0000220 name: anion channel agonist def: "Any chemical substance which increases the activity of an anion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of negatively charged ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000216 ! ion channel activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T06:11:24Z [Term] id: XCO:0000221 name: ion channel inhibitor def: "Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of an ion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of specific ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "ion channel antagonist" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000120 ! inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-04T06:13:42Z [Term] id: XCO:0000222 name: cation channel inhibitor def: "Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of a cation channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of positively charged ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "cation channel antagonist" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000221 ! ion channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T10:45:01Z [Term] id: XCO:0000223 name: anion channel inhibitor def: "Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of an anion channel, one or more membrane-bound globular proteins that allow diffusion of negatively charged ions across a cell membrane." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] synonym: "anion channel antagonist" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000221 ! ion channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T10:48:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000224 name: ruthenium red def: "An inorganic dye which also intereacts with many types of proteins including ion channels and enzymes." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruthenium_red] synonym: "ammoniated ruthenium oxychloride" EXACT [] synonym: "RuR" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:34956 is_a: XCO:0000222 ! cation channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:03:00Z [Term] id: XCO:0000225 name: potassium channel inhibitor def: "Any chemical substance which decreases or interferes with the activity of a potassium ion channel, that is, a complex of membrane-bound and membrane-spanning proteins that specifically allow diffusion of positively charged potassium ions across a cell membrane." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_channel] is_a: XCO:0000222 ! cation channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:29:50Z [Term] id: XCO:0000226 name: apamin def: "An 18 amino acid peptide neurotoxin from bee venom which blocks small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apamin] synonym: "apamine" EXACT [] synonym: "PubChem_Compound CID:16129677" RELATED [] xref: UniProtKB:P01500 is_a: XCO:0000225 ! potassium channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:41:19Z [Term] id: XCO:0000227 name: charybdotoxin def: "A 37 amino acid peptide neurotoxin from scorpion venom that is a blocker of large- and intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charybdotoxin] synonym: "ChTX" RELATED [] synonym: "ChTx-a" RELATED [] synonym: "ChTX-Lq1" RELATED [] xref: UniProtKB:P13487 is_a: XCO:0000225 ! potassium channel inhibitor created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-05T11:53:12Z [Term] id: XCO:0000228 name: peptide hormone def: "A molecular chain compound composed of two or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds that in its endogenous state is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body" [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000125 ! hormone is_a: XCO:0000193 ! peptide/protein created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-15T04:30:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000229 name: steroid hormone def: "A chemical substance the structure of which contains the basic 7-carbon-atom ring system steroid nucleus and which is produced in its endogenous state by an organ, cells of an organ or scattered cells, having a specific regulatory affect on the activity of an organ or tissue." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000091 ! steroid is_a: XCO:0000125 ! hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-15T04:36:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000230 name: monoamine hormone def: "A chemical substance consisting of an amine compound which contains one amino group and was derived from an aromatic amino acid, that in its endogenous state is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000125 ! hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-15T04:51:18Z [Term] id: XCO:0000231 name: anti-RT6.1 antibody def: "Antibody directed against the RT6.1 cell surface alloantigen (also known as ART2, Pta.A2, and Ag-F1). RT6.1 is an allelic form of the RT6 antigen which is expressed on most peripheral T cells but not on thymocytes." [PMID:7559400] synonym: "anti-ADP-ribosyltransferase 2 antibody" EXACT [] synonym: "Art2 antibody" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000194 ! antibody created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T12:39:20Z [Term] id: XCO:0000232 name: nucleic acid def: "A high-molecular-weight polymeric compound composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T01:26:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000233 name: ribonucleic acid def: "A long, polymeric chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil bonded to the ribose. Although RNA is usually single-stranded it can also exist as RNA:RNA or RNA:DNA double strands." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] synonym: "RNA" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000232 ! nucleic acid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T02:15:23Z [Term] id: XCO:0000234 name: deoxyribonucleic acid def: "A long, polymeric chain of alternating phosphate and deoxyribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine bonded to the deoxyribose. DNA can be single stranded or double stranded, that is, composed of either a single polymer or a pair of antiparallel polymers joined by hydrogen bonding between complementary bases." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed, American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed] synonym: "DNA" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000232 ! nucleic acid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T02:22:54Z [Term] id: XCO:0000235 name: Poly I:C def: "Poly I:C is a synthetic analog of dsRNA, which is the ligand of choice for Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). Poly(I:C) is composed of a strand of poly(I) annealed to a strand of poly(C)." [Website:http\://www.invivogen.com/tlr3-ligands?gclid=CLDYv5u4wLICFahaMgod_H8AGg] synonym: "polyinosine-polycytidylic acid" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000233 ! ribonucleic acid created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T02:34:34Z [Term] id: XCO:0000236 name: pathogen def: "An agent that causes disease, especially a living microorganism such as a bacterium, virus, or fungus." [American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007] is_a: XCO:0000000 ! experimental condition created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T03:04:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000237 name: viral pathogen def: "A virus which has the potential to cause disease. A virus is one of a group of heterogeneous infective agents characterized by their lack of independent metabolism, their inability to replicate outside a host cell, their simple organization and their unique mode of replication. A virus consists of genetic material--either DNA or RNA--surrounded by a protein coat and, in some cases, by a membranous envelope." [Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed] synonym: "virus" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000236 ! pathogen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T03:06:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000238 name: Kilham rat virus def: "A common parvovirus pathogen which causes largely asymptomatic infections in rats. KRV can be used to model environmental influences in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus." [PMID:19720792, Website:http\://www.criver.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/rm_ld_r_Rat_Parvoviruses.pdf] synonym: "KRV" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000237 ! viral pathogen created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T03:20:45Z [Term] id: XCO:0000239 name: toxic substance def: "A chemical or biological substance which is capable of causing illness, debilitation or death, to living organisms, tissues or cells." [Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Webster's_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed] synonym: "poison" RELATED [] synonym: "toxic chemical" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000088 ! chemical created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T03:57:33Z [Term] id: XCO:0000240 name: toxin def: "A protein or conjugated protein produced by some higher plants, certain animals, and pathogenic bacteria, that is highly poisonous for other living organisms." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T04:07:55Z [Term] id: XCO:0000241 name: streptozotocin def: "A naturally occurring chemical that is particularly toxic to the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas in mammals. STZ can be used to treat pancreatic islet cell cancers and to model type 1 diabetes mellitus in animals via destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptozotocin] synonym: "streptozocin" EXACT [] synonym: "STZ" RELATED [] xref: CHEBI:9288 is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T04:09:16Z [Term] id: XCO:0000242 name: alloxan def: "An oxygenated pyrimidine derivative which is toxic to the pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in rodents and other animals and can therefore be used for modeling type 1 diabetes mellitus through destruction of the beta cells." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alloxan] synonym: "2,4,5,6-pyrimidinetetrone" EXACT [] synonym: "5-Oxobarbituric acid" EXACT [] synonym: "alloxane" EXACT [] synonym: "mesoxalylurea" EXACT [] synonym: "PubChem_compound CID:5781" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000239 ! toxic substance created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T04:29:35Z [Term] id: XCO:0000243 name: partial pancreatectomy def: "Surgical removal of a portion of the pancreas, resulting in reduction but not elimination of the physiological functions of the pancreas." [Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine] synonym: "subtotal pancreatectomy" RELATED [] is_a: XCO:0000105 ! pancreatectomy created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T04:49:10Z [Term] id: XCO:0000244 name: controlled fructose content diet def: "A solid diet in which the amount of fructose, the monosaccharide found in honey and many sweet fruits which combines with glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose, is maintained at a specified level." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T05:00:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000245 name: insulin def: "A protein hormone formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. The major fuel-regulating hormone, it is secreted into the blood in response to a rise in concentration of blood glucose or amino acids. Insulin promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis." [Dorland:Dorland's_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000228 ! peptide hormone created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-10-16T05:04:48Z [Term] id: XCO:0000246 name: controlled cholesterol content diet def: "A regimen of solid food in which the amount of cholesterol, a steroid alcohol found in animal fats and oils, is controlled." [Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:42:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000247 name: controlled olive oil content diet def: "A regimen of solid food to which a specified amount of olive oil has been added.." [RGD:JRS] is_a: XCO:0000014 ! controlled content diet created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:44:29Z [Term] id: XCO:0000248 name: kidney transplant def: "A surgical procedure in which one or both kidneys from a donor organism are implanted into a recipient organism." [Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine] synonym: "kidney transplantation" EXACT [] is_a: XCO:0000027 ! surgical implantation created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:46:26Z [Term] id: XCO:0000249 name: left kidney transplant def: "A surgical procedure in which the left kidney from a donor organism is implanted into a recipient organism." [Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine] is_a: XCO:0000248 ! kidney transplant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:51:17Z [Term] id: XCO:0000250 name: right kidney transplant def: "A surgical procedure in which the right kidney from a donor organism is implanted into a recipient organism." [Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine] is_a: XCO:0000248 ! kidney transplant created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:53:04Z [Term] id: XCO:0000251 name: secretagogue def: "Any agent that induces exocrine, endocrine, or paracrine secretion." [Mosby:Mosby's_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed] is_a: XCO:0000214 ! activator created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:55:11Z [Term] id: XCO:0000252 name: tolbutamide def: "A first generation potassium channel blocker and sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemic drug which stimulates the secretion of insulin by the pancreas." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolbutamide] is_a: XCO:0000225 ! potassium channel inhibitor is_a: XCO:0000251 ! secretagogue created_by: JSmith creation_date: 2012-11-30T15:56:41Z [Typedef] id: OBO_REL:part_of name: part_of is_transitive: true