CODO: an Ontology for collection and analysis of COviD-19 data
type: Ontology
version IRI: https://w3id.org/codo/1.4
designed for ontology task: To aid healthcare professionals in suggesting treatments based on “PRADiCT ” (Patient Risk factors, Adverse effects, Drug interaction, Clinical findings, and Treatment procedure).
contributor: Michael DeBellis
creator: Biswanath Dutta
creator: Debanjali Bain
description: This is an extension of previously built CODO (v1.3) ontology (http://w3id.org/codo/1.3). This extension primarily focused on COVID-19 Therapeutics, Risk Factors, and Drug Interactions (COViDRO). COViDRO, a structured and formal ontology based on OWL-DL. COViDRO can be integrated into knowledge graph and recommender systems, aiding healthcare professionals in suggesting treatments based on “PRADiCT ” (Patient Risk factors, Adverse effects, Drug interaction, Clinical findings, and Treatment procedure). This encompasses a well-organized representation of COVID-19-related data, covering patient risk level, underlying health conditions, age, immunocompromised state, occupation, drug interactions, adverse effects, clinical findings, and treatment procedures. Leveraging the CODO ontology foundation https://w3id.org/codo, COViDRO extends existing concepts with standardized URIs like https://w3id.org/codo#COVIDRO_ConceptName, ensuring clarity and enabling seamless collaboration across healthcare and research domains. COViDRO provides evidence-based decision support, automated reasoning for therapeutic recommendations based on PRADiCT, streamlines data integration, utilizes a dynamic knowledge graph, and demonstrates practical utility through SPARQL queries.
license: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
publisher: Indian Statistical Institute
competency question: CQ I. Which therapeutics are recommended for COVID-19 patients with specific underlying health conditions? CQ II. What are the potential adverse effects of specific COVID-19 drugs? CQ III. Identify the drug interactions that may occur with a particular COVID-19 therapeutic. CQ IV. What are the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 infection? CQ V. How does the choice of COVID-19 therapeutics vary based on patient characteristics? CQ VI. Which drugs should be avoided due to known interactions with commonly prescribed COVID-19 medications? CQ VII. What are the potential drug-drug interactions between COVID-19 therapeutics and medications commonly used to manage other health conditions? (refer the article for more CQs)
backward compatible with: CODO-1.4 https://w3id.org/codo

description
type: AnnotationProperty
range: string
type: DatatypeProperty

coverage
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isCoverageOf
comment: The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, spatial applicability of the resource, or jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant.

spatial coverage
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: coverage
inverse of: is spatial coverage of
range: Place
comment: Spatial characteristics of the resource, e.g., the geographic coverage of a disease.

temporal coverage
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: coverage
inverse of: is temporal coverage of
comment: Temporal characteristics of the resource.

has occupation
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is occupation of
domain: Person
range: Occupation
comment: The Person's occupation. For past professions, use Role for expressing dates.

has unit
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: unit of
domain: Organization
range: Organizational Unit
comment: Indicates a unit which is part of this Organization, e.g. a Department within a larger Organization.

unit of
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Indicates an Organization of which this Unit is a part, e.g. a Department within a larger Organization.

has gender
type: ObjectProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Person
range: Gender type
comment: Gender of a person.

nationality
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Country
comment: Nationality of the person.

approved by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: COVIDRO approves
domain: Pharmaceutical preparation
range: Organization
alternative label: authorized under

COVIDRO approves
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Organization
range: Pharmaceutical preparation
comment: approves

has adverse effect
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is adverse effect of
domain: Pharmaceutical preparation
range: Adverse effect

has concommitant
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Drug interaction
range: Pharmaceutical preparation
alternative label: has participant

has immunocompromised state
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is immunocompromised state of
domain: Person
range: Immunocompromised state

has present medical history
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: COVIDRO isPresentMedicalHistoryOf
domain: Person
range: Present medical history

has social history
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is social history of
domain: Person
range: Social history

has treatment procedure
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: COVIDRO isTreatmentProcedureOf
domain: Person
range: Treatment procedure

has underlying health condition
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is underlying health condition of
domain: Person
range: Underlying health condition

is adverse effect of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Adverse effect
range: Pharmaceutical preparation

is immunocompromised state of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Immunocompromised state
range: Person

is social history of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Social history
range: Person

is underlying health condition of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Underlying health condition
range: Person

may interacts with
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
domain: Pharmaceutical preparation
range: Pharmaceutical preparation

may not interacts with
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
domain: Pharmaceutical preparation
range: Pharmaceutical preparation

not approved by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Pharmaceutical preparation
range: Organization

ongoing medication
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Present medical history
range: Pharmaceutical preparation

admitted in
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: hasAdmittedPatient
domain: Patient
range: COVID-19 care facility
comment: The patient admitted to the covid-19 dedicated facilities, like home, hotel, hospital, etc.

age group
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Statistics
range: Age Group
comment: A property to link between a resource (e.g., vaccination statistics) to its target age group.

cleaners
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has relationships

clinical facility
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Disease
range: Medical clinic
comment: The medical clinic where testing/ diagnosis for disease is available.

co-worker
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has relationships
type: SymmetricProperty
domain: Person
range: Person
comment: Two persons in co-worker relation.

contained in
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has part
inverse of: contains
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: Place
range: Place
comment: Indicates a place has a place part.

contains
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is part of
type: TransitiveProperty
comment: A place is part of another place.

contracted virus from
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: passedVirusTo
domain: Agent
range: Agent
comment: In case the patient contracted the virus from is known, this property mentions the case number of the "patinet" [source: https://www.isibang.ac.in/~athreya/incovid19/data.html]

covid-19 clinical facility
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: clinical facility
domain: Coronavirus disease
range: CovidTestingFacility
comment: The medical clinic where testing/ diagnosis for the COVID-19 Coronavirus disease is available.

currentResident
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
inverse of: isCurrentResidentOf
domain: Person
range: Place
comment: The Place (typically a City but could be a building, state, etc.) where a Person currently lives

hasAunt
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: kinswomen
comment: The sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle.

hasBrother
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: hasSibling
sub property of: kinsman
domain: Person
comment: A male with the same parents as someone else.

has city
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: contained in
range: City

comorbidity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Patient
comment: listed specific comorbidity per case.

has component
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has part
inverse of: is component of

has country
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: contained in
range: Country

has diagnosis
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is diagnosis for
domain: Person
domain: Patient
range: Diagnosis
comment: The diagnosis details of a patient.

has diagnostic procedure
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is diagnostic procedure of
domain: Disease
range: Diagnostic procedure
comment: Type of test done (e.g., RT PCR, Anitigen, Antybody)
alternative label: has diagnostic technique

has district
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: contained in
range: District

domestic help
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: hasCloseRelationship
inverse of: isDomesticHelpFor
domain: Person
range: Person
comment: A person is a domestic help to anothe person.

hasHusband
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: spouse
inverse of: hasWife
domain: Woman
range: Man

hasMember
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isMemberOf
domain: Group
range: Agent

hasNeighbor
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has relationships

hasNephew
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: kinsman
comment: A son of your brother or sister.

hasNiece
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: kinswomen
comment: A daughter of your brother or sister.

has part
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is part of
comment: A core relation that holds between a whole and its part [BFO_0000051].

has relationships
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Person
comment: A generic property to store the relationships between persons.

roommate
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: hasCloseRelationship
type: SymmetricProperty
comment: An associate who shares a room with you.

hasSister
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: hasSibling
sub property of: kinswomen
comment: A female person who has the same parents as another person.

spouse
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: hasCloseRelationship
sub property of: hasFamilyMember
type: SymmetricProperty
comment: Two persons in married relationship.

has state
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: contained in
range: State
alternative label: has province

has statistics
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is statistics of
domain: Disease
range: Statistics
comment: A generic property to connect to the metrics related to the casualities, vaccination, resources, tests, etc. of the disease.

has symptom
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is symptom of patient
domain: Person
domain: Patient
range: Symptom
comment: Any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular disease.

has test result
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is test result for
domain: Class
  union of: Patient
  union of: Diagnosis
range: Test result
comment: A patient has clinical test result.

has treatment
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: isTreatmentOf
domain: Disease
range: Treatment

hasUncle
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: kinsman
comment: The brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt.

has union territory
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: contained in

has vital sign
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is vital sign of
domain: Person
range: Vital sign

hasWife
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: spouse
domain: Man
range: Woman

infected with COVID-19 variant
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: COVID-19 variant

is component of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is part of

is diagnosis for
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Diagnosis
range: Person
label: is diagnosis of

is diagnostic procedure of
type: ObjectProperty
alternative label: is diagnostic technique of

isMemberOf
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Agent
range: Group

is occupation of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Occupation
range: Person

is part of
type: ObjectProperty
comment: A core relation that holds between a part and its whole.

is spatial coverage of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: isCoverageOf

is statistics of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Statistics
range: Disease

is status of patient
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: patient status
domain: Status
range: Person

is symptom of patient
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Symptom
range: Person

is temporal coverage of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: isCoverageOf

is test result for
type: ObjectProperty

is vital sign of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Vital sign
range: Person

kinsman
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: hasFamilyMember
range: Man
comment: A male relative.

kinswomen
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: hasFamilyMember
range: Woman
comment: A female relative.

laboratory test finding
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has test result
range: Laboratory test finding
comment: Patient's covid-19 clinical test result.

lift man
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has relationships

location
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Agent
range: Place
comment: The location of for example where a person is situated, an organization (covid-19 dedicated facilities, medical clinics) is located.

most recent test result
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has test result
comment: The most recent covid-19 clinical test result.

most recent vital sign
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has vital sign
domain: Person
range: Vital sign

next test result
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: previous test result
comment: The next clinical test result of a patient.

patient status
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Status

permanentResident
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Place
comment: The Place (typically a City but could be a building, State, etc.) that a Person has as their permanent home.

placeOfDeath
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Organization
comment: Place of death, e.g., hospital, house, or any other facility

previous test result
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Vital signs
range: Vital signs
comment: The previous clinical test result of a patient.

security guard
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has relationships
comment: A security guard of a person.

suspected reasons of catching covid-19
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Patient
range: Exposure to COVID-19
comment: The suspected reasons of catching covid-19 disease, for example, travel, attending a marriage anniversary, while treating a patient, infected famility member.

travel history
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Class
  union of: Person
  union of: Exposure to COVID-19
range: Place
comment: A generic property to store the travel history of a patient. Also used to record the Place that a Patient traveledFrom on ExposureToCovid19 individuals.

travelled from
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: travel history
range: Place
comment: A suspected covid-19 patient travelled from a place, e.g., country/ state/ district.

travelled to
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: travel history
range: Place
comment: A suspected covid-19 patient travelled to a place, e.g., country/ state/ district.

name
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
comment: A name for some thing.

address
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Class
  union of: Organization
  union of: Person
range: string
comment: Physical address of the item.

address locality
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: address
range: string
comment: The locality in which the street address is, and which is in the region. For example, BHEL Layout.

latitude
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Place
range: decimal
comment: The latitude of a location. For example 37.42242

longitude
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Place
range: decimal
comment: The longitude of a location. For example -122.08585.

postal code
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: address
range: string
comment: The postal code. For example, 560060

street address
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: address
range: string
comment: The street address. For example, 1st Main, Muthurainagara.

Blood Pressure (Distolic)
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Vital signs
range: integer

Blood Pressure (Systolic)
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Vital signs
range: integer

BMI
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Vital sign
range: integer
comment: measures in kg/m2.

dose
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Medication
range: string

drug code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Medication
range: string

frequency
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Medication
range: string

is pregnant
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Person
range: boolean

medication company name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Medication
range: string

medication name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Medication
range: string

route
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Pharmaceutical preparation
range: string

strenght
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Medication
range: string

cumulative first dose vaccine administered
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: vaccination
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Cumulative total number of first dose vaccinated till date.

cumulative second dose vaccine administered
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: vaccination
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Cumulative total number of second dose vaccinated till date.

DBP
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Vital sign
range: integer
alternative label: Distolic blood pressure

SBP
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Vital sign
range: integer
alternative label: Systolic blood pressure

SpO2
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Vital sign
domain: Vital signs
range: integer
comment: The peripheral capillary oxygen saturation, an estimate (in %) of the amount of oxygen in the blood.
label: peripheral capillary oxygen saturation(SpO2)

acronym
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: string
comment: An acronym.

active cases
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Number of active covid cases.

admitted on
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: date
domain: Patient
range: dateTime
comment: A patient admitted on a particular day and time.
label: date of admission

age
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Person
range: decimal
comment: An age of a person.

area
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Place
range: decimal
comment: Tthe extent of a 2-dimensional surface enclosed within a boundary (in sq. km.).

bed needed
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: resource
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The number of beds that are required to accommodate the patients (whether suspected or confirmed COVID-19).

bed occupied
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: resource
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Total number of beds that are occupied.

bed shortage
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: resource
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: number of bed shortage.

case fatality rate
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: float
comment: The proportion of people diagnosed with a certain disease e.g., (COVID-19), who end up dying of it. A CFR is generally expressed as a percentage
alternative label: case-fatality risk

case on
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: date
domain: Statistics
range: dateTime
comment: covid-19 cases on a day

cases
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: metrics
domain: Statistics
comment: Number of covid cases.

country code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Country
range: string
comment: The country code. Example, "IND" for India.

cumulative decease
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Number of cumulative decease patients

cumulative discharge
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Number of cumulative discharge

cumulative positive cases
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Number of cumulative positive cases

cumulative total RT-PCR test
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: test
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The cumulative total number of RT-PCR test.

cumulative total rapid antigen detection test
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: test
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The cumulative total number of rapid antigen detection test.

cumulative total tests
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: test
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The total cumulative number of tests.

cumulative total vaccine administered
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: vaccination
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Cumulative total number of vaccine.

daily case
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger

daily decease
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Daily number of deceased covid-19 patients.
alternative label: daily death

daily discharge
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Number of daily discharge patient

daily first dose vaccine administered
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: vaccination
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: First dose of vaccination administered daily.
alternative label: daily 1st dose vaccine administered

daily increased cases
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Total no,. of active cases in Date 2 - total no. of active cases in Date 1

daily RT-PCR test
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: test
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The number of daily RT-PCR test.

daily rapid antigen detection test
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: test
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The number of daily rapid antigen detection test.

daily second dose vaccine administered
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: vaccination
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Second dose of vaccination administered daily.
alternative label: daily 2nd dose vaccine administered

daily total test
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: test
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The number of daily total tests.

daily total vaccine administered
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: vaccination
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The daily total vaccine administered.

date
type: DatatypeProperty
range: dateTime
comment: A particular day specified as the time something happens. Value format: 2021-08-11T00:00:00

date of onset of symptom
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: date
domain: Patient
range: dateTime
comment: date when the case began exhibiting symptoms. The initial date of reported symptoms.

diagnosed on
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: date
domain: Diagnosis
range: dateTime
comment: The diagnosis took place on a day.
see also: date of confirmation
alternative label: tested positive on

district wise patient ID
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: patient id
type: FunctionalProperty
range: string
comment: The patient ID assigned at the district level (usually a first level of administrative division within a state/ province).

geoName
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Place
comment: A utility string to be used together with a Full Text Index in Allegro to facilitate processing reasonStrings with names of Places
comment: Removed data type xsd:string from range for now. Because I copied the values over from the labels using SPARQL the annotations for the language ("

has caused any secondary infections
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Patient
range: boolean
comment: This indiicates the the secondary infections caused, if any. The values are either "yes", "no" and indicate if the patient has caused any [known] secondary infections [source: https://www.isibang.ac.in/~athreya/incovid19/data.html].

patient id
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string

Heart rate
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Vital signs
range: integer
comment: The rate at which the heart beats; usually measured to obtain a quick evaluation of a person's health.

height
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Person
range: decimal

icu bed needed
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: resource
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: no. of invasive ventilators needed.

icu bed shortage
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: resource
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: no. of icu bed shortage.

invasive ventilator needed
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: resource
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: no. of invasive ventilators needed.

metrics
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Statistics
comment: A generic property to provide the result related to the covid-19 disease casualties, resources, tests, and vaccinations.

people migrated
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Number of people migrated after recovery from the covid.

population density
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Place
range: decimal
comment: For humans, population density is the number of people per unit of area, usually quoted per square kilometre or square mile, and which may include or exclude for example areas of water or glaciers.

positivity rate
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: float
comment: The percentage of people who test positive for the virus of those overall who have been tested.

recovered
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: Number of people recovered from covid.

recovery rate
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: cases
domain: Statistics
range: decimal
comment: The rate of recovery of COVID-19 patients in percentage.

date of discharge
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: date
domain: Patient
range: dateTime
comment: The patient released on a day from a covid dedicated facility.
alternative label: out date
alternative label: released on

resource
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: metrics
comment: Available/ required resource for covid treatment.

respiratory rate
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Vital sign
domain: Vital signs
range: integer
comment: Is the number of breaths a person take per minute.

state code
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: State
range: string
comment: State (province) code. Example, "KL" of Kerala.

state wise patient ID
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: patient id
type: FunctionalProperty
range: string
comment: The patient ID assigned at the state/province level.

body temperature
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Vital signs
range: decimal
comment: The body temperature.

test
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: metrics
domain: Statistics
comment: number of people tested.

test result on
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: date
domain: Test result
range: dateTime
comment: The test result date.

vaccination
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: metrics
domain: Statistics

vaccine refused
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: vaccination
domain: Statistics
range: nonNegativeInteger
comment: The number of people refused to take vacine.

weight
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Person
range: decimal
comment: The weight.

Symptom
type: Class
equivalent class: Clinical finding (finding)
subclass of: Clinical Finding
comment: A symptom is a perceived change in function, sensation, loss, disturbance or appearance reported by a patient indicative of a disease.
comment: Source: https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/FinalGuidanceonMangaementofCovidcasesversion2.pdf https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses

CovidTestingFacility
type: Class
subclass of: Medical clinic
comment: A Medical clinic where testing for the COVID-19 Coronavirus disease is available.
comment: Covid testing facility

Government Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Formal Organization
comment: A governmental organization or agency.

Local business
type: Class
subclass of: Organization
subclass of: Place

Medical clinic
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Organization
comment: A facility, often associated with a hospital or medical school, that is devoted to the specific diagnosis and/or healthcare.

Clinical finding (finding)
type: Class

Formal Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Organization
comment: An Organization which is recognized in the world at large, in particular in legal jurisdictions, with associated rights and responsibilities. Examples include a corporation, charity, government or church.

Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
comment: A group of people who work together.
comment: Represents a collection of people organized together into a community or other social, commercial or political structure. The group has some common purpose or reason for existence which goes beyond the set of people belonging to it and can act as an Agent. Organizations are often decomposable into hierarchical structures.

Organizational Unit
type: Class
subclass of: Organization
comment: An Organization such as a department or support unit which is part of some larger Organization and only has full recognition within the context of that Organization. In particular the unit would not be regarded as a legal entity in its own right.
alternative label: Department

Agent
type: Class
comment: An agent (eg. person, group, software or physical artifact).

Group
type: Class
subclass of: Agent

Person
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: infected with COVID-19 variant
  some values from: COVID-19 variant
comment: A human being.

Civic structure
type: Class
subclass of: Place
comment: A public structure, such as a town hall or concert hall.

Continent
type: Class
subclass of: Landform
comment: one of the large landmasses of the earth; "there are seven continents"; "pioneers had to cross the continent on foot"

Country
type: Class
subclass of: AdministrativeArea
comment: A country.

Diagnostic Lab
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Organization
comment: A medical laboratory that offers on-site or off-site diagnostic services.

Gender type
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  one of: Female
  one of: Male
comment: An enumeration of genders.

Landform
type: Class
subclass of: Place
comment: A landform or physical feature. Landform elements include mountains, plains, lakes, rivers, seascape and oceanic waterbody interface features such as bays, peninsulas, seas and so forth, including sub-aqueous terrain features such as submersed mountain ranges, volcanoes, and the great ocean basins.

Medical Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Organization
comment: A medical organization (physical or not), such as hospital, institution or clinic.

Occupation
type: Class
equivalent class: Occupation
comment: Occupation refers to a person's job or profession. It plays a role in determining the level of exposure to various hazards, including infectious diseases, chemicals, physical risks, and other occupational health and safety concerns. Source: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). (n.d.). Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Retrieved from: https://www.osha.gov/

Patient
type: Class
subclass of: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has diagnosis
  some values from: Diagnosis
comment: A patient is any recipient of health care services that are performed by healthcare professionals.
comment: Patients are categorised into three groups based on the following guidelines. Source: https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/FinalGuidanceonMangaementofCovidcasesversion2.pdf
comment: SCTID: 116154003

Place
type: Class
comment: Entities that have a somewhat fixed, physical extension.

State
type: Class
subclass of: AdministrativeArea
comment: A state or province of a country.
alternative label: Province

Age factor
type: Class
subclass of: Risk factor
comment: Age is a significant factor when considering the risk of developing certain health conditions or experiencing certain health-related events. As individuals age, the likelihood of developing certain diseases or experiencing age-related changes increases. Source: World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Ageing and Health. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health
comment: Age more than 60 years

Age Group
type: Class
subclass of: Group
comment: A group people having approximately the same age.
comment: The people in a place or organization who were born during a particular period of time, for example all the people aged between 18 and 25.

Anniversary
type: Class
subclass of: Gathering

Bodily function
type: Class

Breathing
type: Class
subclass of: Bodily function
comment: SCTID: 78064003
comment: better /same/worse
alternative label: Respiratory function

Business
type: Class
subclass of: Organization

COVID-19 care facility
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Organization
comment: Any facility for providing care to COVID-19 patients.
comment: source: https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/FinalGuidanceonMangaementofCovidcasesversion2.pdf

COVID-19 diagnosis
type: Class
subclass of: Diagnosis
comment: The diagnosis as COVID-19 patient. The diagnosied COVID-19 patients are categorised to three different categories/cases based on various clinical test and vital signs.
label: COVID-19 Diagnosis

COVID-19 treatment
type: Class
subclass of: Treatment
comment: A treatment for the COVID-19 disease.

COVID-19 variant
type: Class
comment: A virus with one or more new mutations is referred to as a “variant” of the original virus. COVID-19 variants are, for example UK strain, South Africa strain, Double-mutant/B.1.617 The classification according to CDC (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/variants/variant-info.html#)

Acid reducer
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: medication or acid-reducing drug, refers to a type of medication that helps decrease the production of stomach acid or neutralize existing acid in the stomach. Acid reducers are commonly used to treat conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, and acid-related indigestion. Source: Mayo Clinic. (2021). Acid Reflux (GER & GERD) in Adults. Retrieved from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gerd/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20361959 Acid reducers work by either blocking the production of acid in the stomach or by directly neutralizing the acid. Common types of acid reducers include proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 receptor blockers (H2 blockers). PPIs inhibit the enzyme responsible for acid production, while H2 blockers reduce acid production by blocking certain receptors in the stomach. These medications are available both over-the-counter (OTC) and by prescription, depending on the specific drug and dosage. It is important to follow the instructions provided by healthcare professionals or the product label and consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist or worsen.
alternative label: Antacid

Adverse effect
type: Class
comment: Adverse effect refers to an undesirable or harmful outcome that occurs as a result of medical treatment, intervention, medication, or exposure to a substance. Adverse effects can range from mild discomfort or inconvenience to severe complications or harm. These effects can include side effects, allergic reactions, complications, or unintended consequences. Sources: U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Understanding Unapproved Use of Approved Drugs "Off Label" World Health Organization (WHO): Safety Monitoring of Medicinal Products National Institutes of Health (NIH): MedlinePlus - Drug Reactions

Age between 18 to 64
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: age
    some values from: Datatype
      on datatype: decimal
      with restrictions:
        min inclusive: 18
      with restrictions:
        max exclusive: 65
subclass of: Age factor
comment: AgeBetween18To64 refers to individuals whose age falls within the range of 18 to 64 years. It represents an age group commonly used in demographic categorization, research studies, and various contexts that require age-based criteria.
alternative label: Adult

Allergy medication
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Allergy medication refers to medications that are specifically designed to alleviate the symptoms associated with allergies. These medications aim to reduce or block the body's immune response to allergens, thus providing relief from symptoms such as sneezing, itching, runny nose, congestion, and watery eyes. There are several types of allergy medications available, including: Antihistamines: Antihistamines work by blocking the effects of histamine, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction. They help reduce itching, sneezing, and runny nose. Antihistamines can be classified as first-generation (e.g., diphenhydramine) or second-generation (e.g., cetirizine, loratadine) based on their sedative effects. Decongestants: Decongestants help relieve nasal congestion by narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages. They can be found in both oral and nasal spray forms. However, nasal spray decongestants should be used for a limited duration to avoid rebound congestion. Nasal Corticosteroids: Nasal corticosteroids are available as nasal sprays and work by reducing inflammation in the nasal passages. They provide long-term relief from nasal congestion, runny nose, and sneezing. Mast Cell Stabilizers: Mast cell stabilizers, available as nasal sprays or eye drops, prevent the release of histamine and other inflammatory substances. They are used to prevent allergic reactions and provide relief from symptoms. Combination Medications: Some allergy medications combine antihistamines with decongestants to provide both symptom relief and nasal congestion relief. It's important to note that the choice of allergy medication depends on the specific symptoms, the individual's age, medical history, and the guidance of a healthcare professional. It's recommended to consult with a healthcare provider or allergist for proper diagnosis and treatment of allergies. Sources: American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI). Allergy Medications Guide. Retrieved from: htt…

Anti-Infective
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Anti-infectives, also known as antimicrobial agents or antibiotics, are medications used to treat infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. These medications work by inhibiting the growth or killing the microorganisms responsible for the infection. Anti-infectives are a vital tool in healthcare for combating infectious diseases and preventing their spread. There are different classes of anti-infective medications, including: Antibiotics: Antibiotics are primarily used to treat bacterial infections. They can target and kill bacteria or inhibit their growth. Examples include penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones. Antivirals: Antiviral medications are used to treat viral infections by targeting specific steps in the viral replication cycle. They can help reduce the severity and duration of viral illnesses such as influenza, herpes, HIV, and hepatitis. Antifungals: Antifungal medications are used to treat fungal infections, such as candidiasis (yeast infections) or dermatophytosis (ringworm). They can be used topically or systemically, depending on the severity and location of the infection. Antiparasitic agents: Antiparasitic medications are used to treat infections caused by parasites, such as malaria, helminth infections, or protozoal infections. These medications can kill or inhibit the growth of parasites. It's important to note that the choice of anti-infective medication depends on the type of infection, the causative microorganism, its susceptibility, and other patient-specific factors. It's crucial to use these medications appropriately, following the prescribed dosage and duration, to ensure effective treatment and minimize the risk of antibiotic resistance. Sources: World Health Organization (WHO). Antimicrobial Resistance. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/antimicrobial-resistance Mayo Clinic. Antibiotics: Uses and resistance. Retrieved from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyl…

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral drug
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics
comment: Antiviral drugs, such as remdesivir, are designed to directly target the replication and spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus within the body.

Anti diabetic medication
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Anti-diabetic medications are a group of medications used to manage and treat diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels. These medications aim to regulate blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity, either by increasing insulin production or enhancing its effectiveness in the body. Source: American Diabetes Association. (2021). Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 44(Supplement 1), S111-S124. Retrieved from: https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/44/Supplement_1/S111

Antiarrhythmic
type: Class
subclass of: Cardiovascular medication
comment: Antiarrhythmics are medications used to prevent or control abnormal heart rhythms, helping to maintain a regular heartbeat.

Antibiotic
type: Class
subclass of: Anti-Infective
comment: Antibiotics are a class of drugs used to treat bacterial infections by inhibiting the growth or killing bacteria. They are not effective against viral infections.

Anticoagulant
type: Class
subclass of: Cardiovascular medication
comment: Anticoagulants are drugs that prevent the formation of blood clots, reducing the risk of thrombosis or embolism.

Anticonvulsant
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Anticonvulsants, also known as antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), are medications used to treat and prevent seizures or convulsions. They are commonly prescribed for individuals with epilepsy or other seizure disorders. Anticonvulsants work by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain, preventing abnormal firing of neurons that can lead to seizures. Source: Mayo Clinic. (2021). Anticonvulsants. Retrieved from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epilepsy/in-depth/antiseizure-medications/art-20045022 Anticonvulsants can be used to control various types of seizures, including generalized seizures (affecting both sides of the brain) and focal seizures (originating in a specific area of the brain). These medications may also have mood-stabilizing effects and are sometimes used to manage other conditions such as bipolar disorder and neuropathic pain. The choice of anticonvulsant medication depends on factors such as the type of seizures, the individual's age, overall health, and any potential drug interactions. It is important for individuals taking anticonvulsants to adhere to the prescribed dosage, as abrupt changes in medication or dosing can trigger seizures.

Antidepressant
type: Class
subclass of: Neuropsychiatric medication
comment: An antidepressant is a medication used to treat depression and related mood disorders. It works by balancing neurotransmitters in the brain, such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, which are thought to play a role in regulating mood and emotions. Antidepressants are commonly prescribed to improve mood, alleviate symptoms of depression, and promote a sense of well-being. They are available in various classes, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and others.

Antifungal
type: Class
subclass of: Anti-Infective
comment: Antifungals are drugs that are effective in treating fungal infections, preventing the growth and spread of fungi.

Antihypertensive
type: Class
subclass of: Cardiovascular medication
comment: Antihypertensives are drugs used to lower high blood pressure and manage hypertension, reducing the risk of related complications.

Antiparasitic
type: Class
subclass of: Anti-Infective
comment: Antiparasitics are medications used to treat parasitic infections by eliminating or controlling parasites in the body.

Antipsychotic
type: Class
subclass of: Neuropsychiatric medication
comment: An antipsychotic, also known as a neuroleptic, is a medication primarily used to manage psychosis and psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Antipsychotics help reduce the intensity of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thoughts, and other symptoms associated with these conditions. They work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which helps stabilize brain activity and mitigate symptoms. Antipsychotics are classified into first-generation (typical) and second-generation (atypical) based on their specific mechanism of action.

Antiviral
type: Class
subclass of: Anti-Infective
comment: Antivirals are medications used to inhibit the replication and spread of viruses in the body, helping to treat viral infections.

Anxiolytic
type: Class
subclass of: Neuropsychiatric medication
comment: An anxiolytic is a medication prescribed to alleviate anxiety and anxiety-related disorders. Also known as anti-anxiety drugs, anxiolytics work by modulating the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), to produce a calming effect and reduce excessive worry or fear. These medications are commonly used to manage generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobias.

Bronchodilator
type: Class
subclass of: Respiratory medication
comment: Bronchodilators are medications that relax and widen the airways in the lungs, making it easier to breathe.

CGRP antagonist
type: Class
subclass of: Migraine reducer
comment: CGRP (Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide) antagonists are a novel class of medications used to prevent migraines. They work by blocking the activity of CGRP, a neuropeptide believed to play a role in the development of migraines. By inhibiting CGRP, these drugs help reduce the frequency and severity of migraines in individuals prone to recurrent attacks.

COVID-19 convalescent plasma
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics
comment: COVID-19 convalescent plasma refers to a potential treatment option for COVID-19 that involves using plasma obtained from individuals who have recovered from the disease. Convalescent plasma contains antibodies that the recovered individuals developed in response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Source: U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2021). Recommendations for Investigational COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma. Retrieved from: https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/investigational-new-drug-ind-or-device-exemption-ide-process-cber/recommendations-investigational-covid-19-convalescent-plasma

COVID-19 therapeutics
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: COVID-19 therapeutics refer to the medications and treatments used in the management and treatment of COVID-19, the respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). These therapeutics aim to alleviate symptoms, reduce the severity of the disease, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes. Source: World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Therapeutics and COVID-19: living guideline. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-therapeutics-2022.1

COVID-19 therapeutics DDI
type: Class
subclass of: DDI
comment: Alteration of the disposition and/or effect of a COVID-19 therapeutic A, owing to the presence of another COVID-19 therapeutic B.
alternative label: COVID-19 therapeutics Drug-drug interaction

Calcineurin inhibitor
type: Class
subclass of: Immunosuppressant
comment: Calcineurin inhibitors are a group of immunosuppressant medications used to prevent organ rejection in transplant recipients. They work by inhibiting calcineurin, an enzyme that activates immune cells responsible for transplant rejection. By suppressing the immune response, calcineurin inhibitors help prevent the body from attacking and rejecting the transplanted organ.

Cardiovascular medication
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Cardiovascular medications are a group of medications used to manage and treat various cardiovascular conditions and diseases. These medications aim to improve heart function, regulate blood pressure, control lipid levels, prevent blood clot formation, and manage other cardiovascular-related conditions. Source: American Heart Association. (2021). Medications Used to Treat Heart Disease. Retrieved from: https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/treatment-of-a-heart-attack/medications-used-to-treat-heart-disease

Cardiovascular system disease
type: Class
subclass of: Disease
comment: Cardiovascular system diseases, also known as heart diseases, refer to a group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. These can include conditions like coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, valvular diseases, and congenital heart defects.

Cerebrovascular disease
type: Class
subclass of: Disease
comment: Cerebrovascular disease refers to a group of conditions that affect the blood vessels supplying the brain. These conditions can include stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), and other disorders that disrupt blood flow to the brain, leading to neurological deficits.

Cholesterol absorption inhibitor
type: Class
subclass of: Lipid-Modifier
comment: Cholesterol absorption inhibitors are medications that reduce the absorption of cholesterol from the diet, lowering cholesterol levels.

DDI
type: Class
subclass of: Drug interaction
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has concommitant
  qualified cardinality: 2
  on class: Pharmaceutical preparation
comment: Alteration of the disposition and/or effect of a drug A, owing to the presence of another drug B.
alternative label: Drug-drug interaction

Disability
type: Class
subclass of: Pathological state
comment: Disability refers to a physical, cognitive, sensory, or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities of an individual. Disabilities can affect mobility, communication, cognition, and other aspects of a person's life, requiring accommodations and support to facilitate equal participation in society.

Drug interaction
type: Class
comment: Alteration of the disposition and/or effect of a drug, owing to the presence of another factor such as a second drug, or food.
comment: Drug interaction refers to the alteration or modification of the effects of a drug when it is taken in combination with another drug, food, beverage, or substance. It can result in changes in the pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) or pharmacodynamics (interaction at the target site) of the drugs involved, leading to potential therapeutic or adverse effects. Source: U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Drug Interactions: What You Should Know

Endothelin receptor antagonist
type: Class
subclass of: Pulmonary hypertension medication
comment: Endothelin receptor antagonists are medications that block the action of endothelin, used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension.

greater than 64
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: age
    some values from: Datatype
      on datatype: decimal
      with restrictions:
        min inclusive: 65
subclass of: Age factor
comment: GreaterThan64 refers to individuals whose age is greater than 64 years. It represents an age group that includes individuals who are 65 years old or older. This age cutoff is commonly used in demographic categorization, healthcare guidelines, and various contexts where age-based criteria are relevant.
alternative label: OlderAdult

High exposure risk occupation
type: Class
subclass of: Occupation
comment: High exposure risk occupations are those in which workers are at an increased risk of exposure to infectious diseases, including respiratory illnesses like COVID-19. These occupations involve close contact with the public, working in crowded environments, or providing healthcare or other essential services. Examples of high exposure risk occupations include: Healthcare Workers: Doctors, nurses, paramedics, and other healthcare personnel who directly care for patients in healthcare settings. First Responders: Emergency medical technicians (EMTs), paramedics, firefighters, and police officers who provide immediate emergency assistance. Public Transportation Workers: Bus drivers, subway/train operators, and other transportation employees who interact closely with the public. Essential Retail Workers: Grocery store employees, pharmacy staff, and workers in retail settings providing essential goods and services. Personal Care Workers: Home health aides, nursing home staff, and caregivers who assist individuals with personal care and daily activities. Food Service Workers: Restaurant staff, food delivery personnel, and workers in food processing facilities.

High risk patient
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Class
    union of: Class
      union of: Restriction
        on property: has underlying health condition
        has value: COVIDRO Pregnant
      union of: Restriction
        on property: is pregnant
        has value: true
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has occupation
      some values from: High exposure risk occupation
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has immunocompromised state
      some values from: Immunocompromised state
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has underlying health condition
      some values from: Underlying health condition
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has social history
      has value: COVIDRO Alcohol
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has social history
      has value: COVIDRO PhysicalInactivity
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has social history
      has value: COVIDRO Smoking
    union of: Restriction
      on property: age
      some values from: Datatype
        on datatype: decimal
subclass of: Patient risk level
comment: High Risk - Age 65 or older - Underlying health conditions (e.g., chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, immunosuppression) - Immunocompromised state (e.g., organ transplant recipients, individuals undergoing cancer treatment) - Pregnancy - Occupation with high exposure risk (e.g., healthcare workers, essential workers in close contact with the public) - Social history (e.g., alcohol use, smoking habits, inactive etc.)

Immune modulator
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics
comment: Immune modulators are a category of drugs that help activate, boost, or suppress the immune function. In the case of COVID-19 infection, the immune system can become hyperactive which may result in worsening of disease. Immune modulators can help suppress this hyperinflammation.
comment: Immune modulators, such as tocilizumab and baricitinib, target specific components of the immune system to regulate the immune response and mitigate the cytokine storm that can occur in severe COVID-19 cases.

Immunocompromised state
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Immunocompromised state
  intersection of: Class
    union of: Class
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: is immunocompromised state of
        some values from: Person
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: has underlying health condition
        has value: COVIDRO Cancer
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has underlying health condition
      some values from: Organ transplant
subclass of: Risk factor
comment: Immunocompromised condition or weakened immune system Some people are immunocompromised or have a weakened immune system because of a medical condition or a treatment for a condition. This includes people who have cancer and are on chemotherapy, or who have had a solid organ transplant, like a kidney transplant or heart transplant, and are taking medication to keep their transplant. Other people have to use certain types of medicines for a long time, like corticosteroids, that weaken their immune system. One example is called primary immunodeficiency. Being immunocompromised can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19 or be sick for a longer period of time.

Immunosuppressant
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Immunosuppressants are a group of medications that suppress or reduce the activity of the immune system. They are used to modulate the body's immune response in certain conditions where an overactive or misguided immune system can lead to harmful effects. Source: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). (2021). Immunosuppressants. Retrieved from: https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/immunosuppressants

Interferon
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics
comment: Interferons are a group of proteins that play a crucial role in the body's immune response to viral infections, including COVID-19. They are part of the innate immune system and act as signaling molecules to stimulate antiviral defenses. Source: World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Therapeutics and COVID-19: living guideline. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-therapeutics-2022.1

less than 18
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: age
    some values from: Datatype
      on datatype: decimal
      with restrictions:
        max exclusive: 18
subclass of: Age factor
comment: LessThan18 refers to individuals whose age is less than 18 years. It represents an age group that includes children and adolescents who have not yet reached the age of 18. This age cutoff is commonly used in various contexts such as legal frameworks, education systems, and healthcare guidelines that involve age-based distinctions.
alternative label: Pediatric

Leukotriene receptor antagonist
type: Class
subclass of: Respiratory medication
comment: Leukotriene receptor antagonists are drugs that block the action of leukotrienes, used to manage asthma and allergies.

Lipid-Modifier
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Lipid-modifiers, also known as lipid-lowering medications or lipid-lowering agents, are a group of medications used to manage and regulate lipid levels in the body. These medications are primarily used to lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels, which are important factors in cardiovascular health. Source: American Heart Association. (2021). Cholesterol-Lowering Medications. Retrieved from: https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia/cholesterol-medications

Low exposure risk occupation
type: Class
subclass of: Occupation
comment: Low exposure risk occupations are those in which workers have minimal contact with the public or coworkers, reducing their risk of exposure to infectious diseases. These occupations may involve remote work or limited interaction with others. Examples of low exposure risk occupations include: Remote Office Workers: Professionals working from home or in isolated office settings with limited contact with others. Outdoor Workers: Construction workers, landscapers, and agricultural workers who work in open-air environments with minimal interaction with others. Manufacturing Workers: Employees in industrial settings where physical distancing and safety protocols can be implemented effectively. Research Scientists: Researchers working in laboratories or controlled environments with limited exposure to infectious agents. Delivery Drivers: Couriers or drivers who make contactless deliveries with minimal interaction with customers or coworkers.

Low risk patient
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Class
    intersection of: Person
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has occupation
      some values from: Low exposure risk occupation
  union of: Class
    union of: Class
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: has underlying health condition
        all values from: Class
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: age
        some values from: Datatype
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has immunocompromised state
      all values from: Class
        complement of: Immunocompromised state
subclass of: Patient risk level
comment: Low Risk - Age below 18 years - No underlying health conditions - No immunocompromised state - Low exposure risk occupation

Medical therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Treatment procedure
comment: Medical therapy refers to the use of medications, drugs, or other therapeutic agents to prevent, manage, or treat diseases or medical conditions. Medical therapy can involve the administration of drugs through various routes, including oral, intravenous, topical, or inhalation, among others, to achieve desired therapeutic effects.

Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Pharmaceutical preparation
comment: Medication refers to a substance or drug that is prescribed or used to prevent, treat, or manage diseases, conditions, or symptoms in humans or animals. Medications are typically formulated in specific pharmaceutical preparations and are administered through various routes such as oral, topical, injection, or inhalation, depending on the medication and its intended use. Medications can be prescribed by healthcare professionals, such as doctors or veterinarians, and are regulated by health authorities to ensure their safety, efficacy, and quality. They play a crucial role in the field of healthcare and are used to alleviate symptoms, control diseases, cure infections, manage chronic conditions, or provide relief from pain or discomfort. It's important to follow the prescribed dosage and instructions for medication use to achieve the desired therapeutic effect and minimize the risk of adverse effects.

Mental health condition
type: Class
subclass of: Pathological state
comment: A mental health condition refers to a broad range of conditions that affect an individual's emotional, psychological, and social well-being. These conditions can include mood disorders (such as depression or bipolar disorder), anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, eating disorders, and other mental health-related conditions.

Migraine reducer
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Migraine reducers are a class of medications specifically designed to alleviate or reduce the symptoms associated with migraines. Migraines are recurring headaches that can cause intense pulsing or throbbing pain, often accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Source: American Migraine Foundation. (2021). Migraine Treatments. Retrieved from: https://americanmigrainefoundation.org/resource-library/migraine-treatments/

Moderate risk patient
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Class
    union of: Class
      complement of: Restriction
        on property: has immunocompromised state
        some values from: Immunocompromised state
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has underlying health condition
      some values from: Underlying health condition
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has social history
      has value: COVIDRO Alcohol
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has social history
      has value: COVIDRO PhysicalInactivity
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has social history
      has value: COVIDRO Smoking
    union of: Restriction
      on property: age
      some values from: Datatype
        on datatype: decimal
subclass of: Patient risk level
comment: Moderate Risk - Age between 18 and 64 years - Some underlying health conditions (e.g., mild respiratory diseases, well-controlled chronic conditions) - No significant immunocompromised state - Social history (e.g., alcohol use, smoking habits, inactive etc.)

Neurological condition
type: Class
subclass of: Pathological state
comment: A neurological condition refers to a disorder or disease that affects the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Neurological conditions can include neurodegenerative disorders (such as Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease), epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, stroke, migraines, and other disorders that impact the nervous system.

Neuropsychiatric medication
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Neuropsychiatric medications are a group of medications used to treat various mental health conditions that affect brain function and behavior. These medications can help manage symptoms associated with conditions such as depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Examples of neuropsychiatric medications include antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, anxiolytics, and stimulants. The choice of medication depends on the specific condition and individual needs, and it is important to work closely with a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate medication and dosage for effective management.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
type: Class
subclass of: Pain reducer
comment: NSAIDs are a class of medications that provide pain relief, reduce inflammation, and lower fever, but they are not steroids.
alternative label: NSAID

Obesity
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has vital sign
    some values from: Class
      intersection of: Vital sign
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: BMI
        some values from: Datatype
subclass of: Underlying health condition
type: NamedIndividual
type: Disease
comment: Overweight (defined as a body mass index (BMI) is 25 kg/m2 or higher, but under 30 kg/m2), obesity (BMI is 30 kg/m2 or higher, but under 40 kg/m2), or severe obesity (BMI is 40 kg/m2 or higher), can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. The risk of severe illness from COVID-19 increases sharply with higher BMI.

Opioid
type: Class
subclass of: Pain reducer
comment: Opioids are drugs used to relieve severe pain by interacting with opioid receptors in the body's nervous system.

Organ transplant
type: Class
subclass of: Underlying health condition
comment: Organ transplant is a surgical procedure where a healthy organ or tissue from a donor is surgically implanted into a recipient's body to replace a diseased or non-functioning organ. Organ transplantation is performed to improve the recipient's quality of life and increase their chances of survival.

Overweight
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has vital sign
    some values from: Class
      intersection of: Vital sign
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: BMI
        some values from: Datatype
subclass of: Underlying health condition
comment: Overweight (defined as a body mass index (BMI) is 25 kg/m2 or higher, but under 30 kg/m2), obesity (BMI is 30 kg/m2 or higher, but under 40 kg/m2), or severe obesity (BMI is 40 kg/m2 or higher), can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. The risk of severe illness from COVID-19 increases sharply with higher BMI.

Pain reducer
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Pain reducers, also known as analgesics, are medications used to alleviate or reduce pain sensations. They can be classified into different categories, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, and adjuvant analgesics. NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, work by reducing inflammation and relieving pain. Opioids, such as codeine or morphine, act on the central nervous system to block pain signals. Adjuvant analgesics, such as certain antidepressants or anticonvulsants, may be prescribed alongside other pain relievers to enhance their effects. The choice of pain reducer depends on the type and severity of pain, as well as individual factors such as medical history and potential interactions with other medications.

Past medical history
type: Class
subclass of: Observational finding
comment: SCTID: 417662000

Patient risk level
type: Class
subclass of: Patient
comment: PatientRiskLevel refers to the categorization or classification of a patient based on their level of risk for a particular condition or situation. The risk level is determined by evaluating various factors such as age, underlying health conditions, immunocompromised state, occupation, and social determinants of health. The patient's risk level helps inform healthcare decisions and interventions to ensure appropriate care and management based on their specific risk profile.

Pharmaceutical preparation
type: Class
comment: PharmaceuticalPreparation refers to a product or formulation created by pharmaceutical companies for medicinal use. It includes a wide range of medications, drugs, vaccines, and other healthcare products that are specifically developed, manufactured, and packaged for administration to patients for the prevention, treatment, or management of diseases, conditions, or symptoms. Pharmaceutical preparations undergo rigorous testing, quality control, and regulatory processes to ensure their safety, efficacy, and proper usage. They can be available in various forms such as tablets, capsules, injections, topical creams, inhalers, and more.

Present medical history
type: Class
subclass of: Observational finding

Prostacyclin analogue
type: Class
subclass of: Pulmonary hypertension medication
comment: Prostacyclin analogues are drugs that mimic the action of prostacyclin, a natural substance that dilates blood vessels and prevents clot formation.

Pulmonary hypertension medication
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Pulmonary hypertension medications are used to manage and treat pulmonary hypertension, a condition characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. These medications aim to improve blood flow in the pulmonary arteries, reduce symptoms, and slow down the progression of the disease. Some examples of pulmonary hypertension medications include calcium channel blockers, endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, and prostacyclin analogs. The choice of medication depends on the specific type and severity of pulmonary hypertension, as well as individual patient factors, and requires close monitoring and management by a healthcare professional specializing in pulmonary hypertension.

Recommended therapeutics
type: Class
comment: Recommended therapeutics for specific medical conditions can vary based on various factors, including the individual's medical history, severity of the condition, and response to treatment.

Recommended therapeutics Anakinra
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Class
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Age between 18 to 64
      union of: greater than 64
      union of: High risk patient
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has treatment procedure
      has value: COVIDRO SupplementalOxygen
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: patient status
      has value: COVIDRO Hospitalized
  union of: Class
    union of: Class
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Age between 18 to 64
        union of: greater than 64
        union of: High risk patient
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: has treatment procedure
        has value: COVIDRO SupplementalOxygen
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: patient status
        has value: COVIDRO Hospitalized
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
subclass of: Recommended therapeutics for COVID-19
comment: Kineret (anakinra) is authorized for the treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized adults with pneumonia requiring supplemental oxygen (low- or high-flow oxygen) who are at risk of progressing to severe respiratory failure and likely to have an elevated plasma soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR).

Recommended therapeutics Baricitinib
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Class
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Age between 18 to 64
      union of: greater than 64
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Class
        intersection of: Class
        intersection of: Restriction
      union of: Restriction
        on property: has treatment procedure
        has value: COVIDRO ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenation
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: patient status
      has value: COVIDRO Hospitalized
  union of: Class
    union of: Class
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Age between 18 to 64
        union of: greater than 64
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Class
        union of: Restriction
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: patient status
        has value: COVIDRO Hospitalized
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
subclass of: Recommended therapeutics for COVID-19
comment: Olumiant (baricitinib) is approved for the treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized adults requiring supplemental oxygen, non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
comment: Olumiant (baricitinib) is authorized for the treatment of COVID-19 in pediatric patients 2 to less than 18 years of age requiring supplemental oxygen, invasive mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygen (ECMO).

Recommended therapeutics for COVID-19
type: Class
subclass of: Recommended therapeutics
comment: Recommended therapeutics for COVID-19 refer to the medications and treatment approaches that have been suggested or authorized for the management and treatment of COVID-19, the respiratory illness caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These therapeutics are based on scientific evidence, clinical trials, and expert guidelines from reputable health organizations. Source: World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Therapeutics and COVID-19: living guideline. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-therapeutics-2022.1

Recommended therapeutics high-titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has immunocompromised state
    some values from: Immunocompromised state
subclass of: Recommended therapeutics for COVID-19
comment: High-Titer COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Authorized under an FDA EUA for the treatment of COVID-19 in patients who are immunocompromised or who are receiving immunosuppressive treatment.

Recommended therapeutics Molnupiravir
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Class
    intersection of: High risk patient
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Restriction
        on property: has diagnosis
        some values from: Mild and very mild COVID-19
      union of: Restriction
        on property: has diagnosis
        some values from: Moderate COVID-19
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: age
      some values from: Datatype
        on datatype: decimal
  union of: Class
    union of: Class
      intersection of: High risk patient
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Restriction
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: age
        some values from: Datatype
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
subclass of: Recommended therapeutics for COVID-19
comment: Molnupiravir Authorized under an FDA EUA for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in high-risk individuals aged ≥18 years.

Recommended therapeutics Remdisivir
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Class
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Person
      union of: High risk patient
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Restriction
        on property: has diagnosis
        some values from: Mild and very mild COVID-19
      union of: Restriction
        on property: has diagnosis
        some values from: Moderate COVID-19
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Restriction
        on property: patient status
        has value: COVIDRO Hospitalized
      union of: Restriction
        on property: patient status
        has value: COVIDRO NotHospitalized
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: age
      some values from: Datatype
        on datatype: decimal
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: weight
      some values from: Datatype
        on datatype: decimal
  union of: Class
    union of: Class
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Person
        union of: High risk patient
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Restriction
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Restriction
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: age
        some values from: Datatype
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: weight
        some values from: Datatype
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
subclass of: Recommended therapeutics for COVID-19
comment: Remdesivir Approved by the FDA for the treatment of COVID-19 in individuals aged ≥28 days and weighing ≥3 kg.
comment: Veklury (Remdesivir) is approved for the treatment of COVID-19 in adults and pediatric patients (28 days of age and older and weighing at least 3 kilograms) who are: hospitalized, or not hospitalized and have mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and are at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death.
comment: Veklury (remdesivir) is approved for the treatment of COVID-19 in adults and pediatric patients (28 days of age and older and weighing at least 3 kilograms) with positive results of direct SARS-CoV-2 viral testing, who are: hospitalized, or not hospitalized and have mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and are at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death.

Recommended therapeutics Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Class
    intersection of: Class
      intersection of: High risk patient
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Restriction
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: age
        some values from: Datatype
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: weight
        some values from: Datatype
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
  union of: Class
    union of: Class
      intersection of: High risk patient
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Restriction
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: age
        some values from: Datatype
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: weight
        some values from: Datatype
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
subclass of: Recommended therapeutics for COVID-19
comment: Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) is approved for the treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in adults who are at high risk for progression to severe COVID 19, including hospitalization or death. Paxlovid is not approved for use as pre-exposure or post-exposure prophylaxis for prevention of COVID-19.
comment: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid) Authorized under an FDA EUA for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in high-risk individuals aged ≥12 years and weighing ≥40 kg.

Recommended therapeutics Tocilizumab
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Class
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Age between 18 to 64
      union of: greater than 64
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Class
        intersection of: Class
        intersection of: Restriction
      union of: Restriction
        on property: has treatment procedure
        has value: COVIDRO ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenation
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: patient status
      has value: COVIDRO Hospitalized
  union of: Class
    union of: Class
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Age between 18 to 64
        union of: greater than 64
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Class
        union of: Restriction
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: has present medical history
        some values from: Class
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: patient status
        has value: COVIDRO Hospitalized
    union of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
subclass of: Recommended therapeutics for COVID-19
comment: Actemra (Tocilizumab) is approved for the treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized adults who are receiving systemic corticosteroids and require supplemental oxygen, non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
comment: Actemra (tocilizumab) is authorized for the treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized pediatric patients 2 to less than 18 years of age who are receiving systemic corticosteroids and require supplemental oxygen, non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Recommended therapeutics Vilobelimab
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Class
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Age between 18 to 64
      union of: greater than 64
    intersection of: Class
      union of: Restriction
        on property: has treatment procedure
        has value: COVIDRO ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenation
      union of: Restriction
        on property: has treatment procedure
        has value: COVIDRO InvasiveMechanicalVentilation
      union of: Restriction
        on property: has treatment procedure
        has value: COVIDRO Non-InvasiveMechanicalVentilation
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has present medical history
      some values from: Class
        intersection of: Present medical history
        intersection of: Restriction
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: patient status
      has value: COVIDRO Hospitalized
  union of: Class
    union of: Class
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Age between 18 to 64
        union of: greater than 64
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Restriction
    union of: Class
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: has present medical history
        some values from: Class
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: patient status
        has value: COVIDRO Hospitalized
subclass of: Recommended therapeutics for COVID-19
comment: Gohibic (vilobelimab) is authorized for the treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized adults when initiated within 48 hours of receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Respiratory medication
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Respiratory medications are a group of medications used to manage various respiratory conditions, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory disorders. These medications aim to improve lung function, reduce inflammation, open airways, and alleviate symptoms like coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. There are different types of respiratory medications, including bronchodilators (e.g., beta-agonists, anticholinergics), corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers, and mucolytics. The choice of respiratory medication depends on the specific respiratory condition, severity of symptoms, and individual patient needs, and it is important to work closely with a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate medication and treatment plan.

Respiratory therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Medical therapy
comment: Care of patients with deficiencies and abnormalities associated with the cardiopulmonary system. It includes the therapeutic use of medical gases and their administrative apparatus, environmental control systems, humidification, aerosols, ventilatory support, bronchopulmonary drainage and exercise, respiratory rehabilitation, assistance with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and maintenance of natural, artificial, and mechanical airways. (MSH)

SARS-COV-2-targeting monoclonal antibody
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics
comment: Monoclonal antibody therapies, such as casirivimab/imdevimab and bamlanivimab/etesevimab, are designed to neutralize the virus and help the immune system in fighting the infection.

Severe obesity
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has vital sign
    some values from: Class
      intersection of: Vital sign
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: BMI
        some values from: Datatype
subclass of: Underlying health condition
comment: Overweight (defined as a body mass index (BMI) is 25 kg/m2 or higher, but under 30 kg/m2), obesity (BMI is 30 kg/m2 or higher, but under 40 kg/m2), or severe obesity (BMI is 40 kg/m2 or higher), can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. The risk of severe illness from COVID-19 increases sharply with higher BMI.

Social history
type: Class
subclass of: Observational finding
comment: SCTID: 160476009

Statin
type: Class
subclass of: Lipid-Modifier
comment: Statins are a class of drugs used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood, reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Substance use disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Disorder
comment: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a condition characterized by the compulsive and problematic use of substances, including drugs or alcohol, despite negative consequences. SUD can lead to physical and psychological dependence, as well as adverse health, social, and behavioral effects.

Treatment procedure
type: Class
comment: A treatment procedure refers to a specific medical intervention or approach used to manage, cure, or alleviate a disease or medical condition. Treatment procedures can include surgical procedures, medical therapies, rehabilitation techniques, and other interventions tailored to the specific needs of the patient.

Triptan
type: Class
subclass of: Migraine reducer
comment: Triptans are a class of medications used to treat migraines and cluster headaches. They work by narrowing blood vessels in the brain and inhibiting the release of certain substances that trigger migraines, thereby providing relief from migraine symptoms, such as severe headaches, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound. Triptans are available in various formulations, including oral tablets, nasal sprays, and injections.

Underlying health condition
type: Class
subclass of: Risk factor
comment: An underlying health condition refers to a pre-existing medical condition or disease that a person has before the onset of another illness or condition. Underlying health conditions can include chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, asthma, heart disease, autoimmune disorders, and other conditions that may affect the individual's overall health and increase the risk of complications.
alternative label: Condition

Vasodilator
type: Class
subclass of: Cardiovascular medication
comment: Vasodilators are medications that relax and widen blood vessels, increasing blood flow and reducing blood pressure.

mTOR inhibitor
type: Class
subclass of: Immunosuppressant
comment: mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitors are a class of immunosuppressive drugs used in organ transplantation and the treatment of certain cancers. They act by inhibiting mTOR, a protein kinase that regulates cell growth, proliferation, and survival. In transplantation, mTOR inhibitors help prevent rejection of the transplanted organ by suppressing the immune response. In cancer treatment, they interfere with cancer cell growth and promote tumor regression.

Carpentry
type: Class
subclass of: Craft
comment: the craft of a carpenter: making things out of wood.

Case Statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: cases
    some values from: Datatype
      union of: decimal
      union of: float
      union of: nonNegativeInteger
subclass of: Statistics

City
type: Class
subclass of: AdministrativeArea
comment: A city.
comment: Towns with population of 1,00,000 and above are called cities.

CityWard
type: Class
subclass of: AdministrativeArea
comment: A ward is a containedIn a city. Calling it CityWard to avoid confusion with a hospital ward.

Clinical Finding
type: Class

Close contact
type: Class
subclass of: Exposure to COVID-19
comment: Close contact, a suspected cause for catching COVID-19.

Cluster
type: Class
subclass of: Group
comment: A Cluster is a group of patients with the same disease who are grouped by one or more properties that are considered critical to an analysis of how the disease has spread.
comment: Note that clusters are NOT disjoint, so a cluster can be an instance of a TimeCluster and other clusters.

Communicable disease
type: Class
subclass of: Disease
comment: A communicable disease, also known as an infectious disease, is a disease caused by a pathogen (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites) that can be transmitted from one person to another, either directly or indirectly.
comment: a disease that can be communicated from one person to another.

ConfirmedCase
type: Class
subclass of: Patient
comment: A. A person with a positive Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) including RT-PCR or any other similar test approved by ICMR. B. A person with a positive SARS-CoV-2 Antigen-RDT AND meeting either the probable case definition or suspect criteria OR C. An asymptomatic person with a positive SARS-CoV-2 Antigen-RDT who is a contact of a probable or confirmed case.

ContactCluster
type: Class
subclass of: Cluster
comment: A cluster defined by contact with certain individuals. Note that to some extent all clusters are contact clusters so this class is used only for those clusters that specifically mention contact with individuals (or lack of knowledge about such contact) rather than geographic, time, or disease data.

Contagious disease
type: Class
subclass of: Infectious disease
comment: Contagious diseases are infectious diseases that can be easily transmitted from one person to another through direct contact, respiratory droplets, or other modes of transmission.
comment: an Infectious disease that is readily spread (that is, communicated) by transmission of a pathogen through contact (direct or indirect) with an infected person.
comment: any disease easily transmitted by contact.

Coronavirus disease
type: Class
subclass of: Contagious disease
comment: A disease caused by coronavirus. [Source: WHO. Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it. https://www.who.int/]
comment: Coronavirus disease, also known as COVID-19, is a respiratory illness caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It emerged in late 2019 and has since become a global pandemic. COVID-19 can cause a range of symptoms, from mild to severe, and can lead to complications, particularly in individuals with underlying health conditions or older age groups.

Country Wise Case Statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Case Statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: Country
subclass of: Case Statistics

Country wise resource statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Resource statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: Country
subclass of: Resource statistics

Country wise test statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Test statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: Country
subclass of: Test statistics

Country wise vaccination statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Vaccination statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: Country
subclass of: Vaccination statistics

Covid Care Centre (CCC)
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 care facility
comment: Any facility, such as hotels/lodges/hostels/stadiums for providing care to COVID-19 patients are reffered as Covid Care Centre (CCC).

Craft
type: Class
subclass of: Occupation
comment: the skilled practice of a practical occupation.

Dedicated Covid Health Centre (DCHC)
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 care facility
comment: The Dedicated COVID Health Centre are hospitals that shall offer care for all cases that have been clinically assigned as moderate.

Dedicated Covid Hospital (DCH)
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 care facility
comment: The Dedicated COVID Hospitals are hospitals that shall offer comprehensive care primarily for those who have been clinically assigned as severe.

Diagnosed With COVID-19
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Patient
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has diagnosis
    some values from: COVID-19 diagnosis
subclass of: Patient
comment: A person diagnosed With COVID-19.

Diagnosis
type: Class
subclass of: Clinical Finding
comment: identification a disease from its symptoms.

Disgnosis type
type: Class
subclass of: Diagnosis
comment: This models the manner in which a diagnosis was discovered. E.g., via a pregnancy test, screening for a suspected disease, tests done before surgery, etc.

Diagnostic procedure
type: Class
comment: a procedure followed in making a medical diagnosis.
alternative label: Diagnostic technique

Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Pathological state
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has statistics
  some values from: Statistics
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has treatment
  some values from: Treatment
comment: Disease refers to a disorder or abnormal condition of the body or mind that impairs normal functioning. Diseases can be caused by various factors, including pathogens (such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites), genetic mutations, environmental factors, lifestyle choices, or a combination of these factors.
comment: MESH:D004194
comment: SCTID: 64572001
comment: an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning.

DiseaseCluster
type: Class
subclass of: Cluster
comment: Patients clustered by diseases that made them susceptible to the virus

Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Pathological state
comment: A disorder refers to an abnormal condition or disruption in the regular functioning of an organ, system, or overall body. It can involve physical, mental, or physiological dysregulation that affects normal processes and may lead to symptoms or impairments.

District
type: Class
subclass of: AdministrativeArea
comment: An adminidtrative area spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions of municipalities, school district, or political district.

District Wise Case Statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Case Statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: District
subclass of: Case Statistics

District wise resource statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Resource statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: District
subclass of: Resource statistics

District wise test statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Test statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: District
subclass of: Test statistics

District wise vaccination statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Vaccination statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: District
subclass of: Vaccination statistics

Doctor
type: Class
subclass of: Health care professional
comment: A licensed medical doctor.
comment: SCTID: 158965000

Drug
type: Class
comment: a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic.

Education
type: Class
subclass of: Profession
comment: the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university).

EmotionalState
type: Class
comment: SCTID: 363872004

Exposure to COVID-19
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: suspected reasons of catching covid-19
    some values from: Restriction
      on property: has relationships
      some values from: Diagnosed With COVID-19
comment: Suspected causes of catching COVID-19.

Gathering
type: Class
subclass of: Exposure to COVID-19
comment: Mass gathering, a suspected cause for catching COVID-19.

Emotion
type: Class
subclass of: EmotionalState
comment: SCTID: 285854004
comment: better /same/worse

GeographicCluster
type: Class
subclass of: Cluster
comment: Patients clustered by the geographic region where they contracted the infection

GeographicRegion
type: Class
subclass of: Place
comment: Geographic regions such as the Middle East, North America, etc. For the cluster class

Health care professional
type: Class
subclass of: Person

Health profession
type: Class
subclass of: Profession
comment: the body of individuals whose work helps to maintain the health of their clients.

Imaging procedure
type: Class
subclass of: Diagnostic procedure
alternative label: Imaging technique

Immunization
type: Class
subclass of: Treatment
comment: the act of making immune (especially by inoculation).
alternative label: Immunisation

Immunogen
type: Class
comment: any substance or organism that provokes an immune response (produces immunity) when introduced into the body.
alternative label: Immunizing agent

InfectedNeighbor
type: Class
subclass of: Exposure to COVID-19

InfectedNephew
type: Class
subclass of: InfectedFamilyMember

InfectedNiece
type: Class
subclass of: InfectedFamilyMember

InfectedViaHealthcareWork
type: Class
subclass of: InfectedViaJob

InfectedViaJob
type: Class
subclass of: Exposure to COVID-19

InfectedViaPoliceWork
type: Class
subclass of: InfectedViaJob

Infected via support staff
type: Class
subclass of: InfectedViaJob
comment: Support staff such as lift man, cleaners, security personnel, peons etc.

Infectious disease
type: Class
subclass of: Communicable disease
comment: Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites) that can invade and multiply within the body. These diseases can range from mild to severe and can be transmitted through various means, including person-to-person contact, contaminated surfaces, vectors (such as mosquitoes), or airborne droplets.
comment: a disease transmitted only by a specific kind of contact.

Journalism
type: Class
subclass of: Profession
comment: the profession of reporting or photographing or editing news stories for one of the media.

Laboratory test finding
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  one of: Negative
  one of: Pending
  one of: Positive
subclass of: Test result
comment: SCTID: 118246004
comment: The laboratory test finding of the patient. The possible values are Positive, Negative, Pending.

Laboratory procedure
type: Class
subclass of: Diagnostic procedure
alternative label: Laboratory technique

Law
type: Class
subclass of: LearnedProfession
comment: the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system.

LearnedProfession
type: Class
subclass of: Profession
comment: one of the three professions traditionally believed to require advanced learning and high principles.

Legal profession
type: Class
subclass of: Profession
comment: the body of individuals qualified to practice law in a particular jurisdiction; "he was admitted to the bar in New Jersey".
alternative label: Bar
alternative label: Legal community

Man
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has gender
    has value: Male
subclass of: Person
comment: A man.

Medical profession
type: Class
subclass of: Health profession
comment: the body of individuals who are qualified to practice medicine.
alternative label: Medical community

Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Drug
comment: a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.
comment: something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease.
alternative label: Medicinal drug

Mild and very mild COVID-19
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: COVID-19 diagnosis
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: is diagnosis for
    some values from: Class
      intersection of: Person
      intersection of: Class
        union of: Class
        union of: Restriction
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: most recent vital sign
        some values from: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: COVID-19 diagnosis
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: is diagnosis for
    some values from: Class
      union of: Class
        intersection of: Patient
        intersection of: Restriction
      union of: Class
        intersection of: Patient
        intersection of: Restriction
subclass of: COVID-19 diagnosis
comment: Cases presenting with fever and/or upper respiratory tract illness (Influenza Like Illness, ILI).

Moderate COVID-19
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: COVID-19 diagnosis
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: is diagnosis for
    some values from: Class
      intersection of: Person
      intersection of: Class
        intersection of: Class
        intersection of: Restriction
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: most recent vital sign
        some values from: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: COVID-19 diagnosis
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: most recent test result
    some values from: Class
      union of: Class
        intersection of: Test result
        intersection of: Restriction
      union of: Class
        intersection of: Restriction
subclass of: COVID-19 diagnosis
comment: Pneumonia with no signs of severe disease (Respiratory Rate 15 to 30/minute, SpO2 90%-94%).

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
type: Class
subclass of: Medication
comment: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are members of a therapeutic drug class which reduces pain, decreases inflammation, decreases fever, and prevents blood clots.
alternative label: NSAID
alternative label: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Nurse
type: Class
subclass of: Health care professional
comment: A health professional skilled in caring for young children or the sick (usually under the supervision of a physician).
comment: SCTID: 106292003
label: Professional nurse

Nursing
type: Class
subclass of: Health profession
comment: the profession of a nurse.

Observational finding
type: Class

Occupation
type: Class
subclass of: Risk factor
comment: A profession, may involve prolonged training and/or a formal qualification.
comment: the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money; "he's not in my line of business"

Pathological state
type: Class
subclass of: Underlying health condition
subclass of: Risk factor
comment: A pathological state refers to an abnormal or diseased condition of the body. It can involve structural or functional changes that deviate from the normal physiological state and may be associated with symptoms or manifestations of illness.

Piloting
type: Class
subclass of: Craft
comment: the occupation of a pilot.

PolicePerson
type: Class
subclass of: Person

Politics
type: Class
subclass of: Profession
comment: the profession devoted to governing and to political affairs.

PreSurgeryTest
type: Class
subclass of: Disgnosis type
comment: The patient was discovered to have another disease as the result of tests given before surgery.

Pregnancy
type: Class
subclass of: Risk factor
comment: Pregnancy refers to the period during which a woman carries a developing fetus in her uterus. It is a natural process that typically lasts around 40 weeks. Pregnancy involves significant physiological and hormonal changes in the woman's body to support the growth and development of the fetus.

PregnancyScreening
type: Class
subclass of: Disgnosis type
comment: The patient was discovered to have a disease as a result of tests given during pregnancy.

ProbableCase
type: Class
subclass of: Person
comment: A. A patient who meets clinical criteria above AND is a contact of a probable or confirmed case, or linked to a COVID-19 cluster B. A suspect case with chest imaging showing findings suggestive of COVID-19 disease C. A person with recent onset of anosmia(loss of smell) or ageusia(loss of taste) in the absence of any other identified cause. D. Death, not otherwise explained, in an adult with respiratory distress preceding death AND was a contact of a probable or confirmed case or linked to a COVID-19 cluster.

Profession
type: Class
subclass of: Occupation
comment: an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences).

Resource statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: resource
    some values from: nonNegativeInteger
subclass of: Statistics

Respiratory tract disease
type: Class
subclass of: Disease
comment: Respiratory tract diseases refer to a variety of conditions that affect the airways, lungs, and respiratory system. These can include infections like pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other disorders that impact breathing and respiratory function.

Risk factor
type: Class
comment: A risk factor is any attribute, characteristic, or exposure that increases the likelihood of developing a particular disease or experiencing a certain health condition. Risk factors can be divided into two main categories: modifiable and non-modifiable. Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2021). Understand Your Risk for Heart Disease. Retrieved from: https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/risk_factors.htm
comment: SCTID: 80943009

SecondaryContact
type: Class
subclass of: Exposure to COVID-19

SecurityGuard
type: Class
subclass of: Person

Severe COVID-19
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: COVID-19 diagnosis
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: is diagnosis for
    some values from: Class
      intersection of: Person
      intersection of: Class
        intersection of: Class
        intersection of: Restriction
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: most recent vital sign
        some values from: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: COVID-19 diagnosis
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: most recent test result
    some values from: Class
      union of: Class
        intersection of: Test result
        intersection of: Restriction
      union of: Class
        intersection of: Restriction
subclass of: COVID-19 diagnosis
comment: Severe Pneumonia (with respiratory rate ≥30/minute and/or SpO2 < 90% in room air) or ARDS or Septic shock.

Sign
type: Class
subclass of: Clinical Finding

State Wise Case Statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Case Statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: State
subclass of: Case Statistics

State wise resource statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Resource statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: State
subclass of: Resource statistics

State wise test statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Test statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: State
subclass of: Test statistics

State wise vaccination statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Vaccination statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: spatial coverage
    some values from: State
subclass of: Vaccination statistics

Statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Case Statistics
  union of: Resource statistics
  union of: Test statistics
  union of: Vaccination statistics
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: spatial coverage
  some values from: Place
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: date
  all values from: dateTime
comment: Statistics based on each day.
comment: Statistics of COVID-19 cases which includes the deatils of active, recovered, deaths, and also the resources (e.g., beds required, shortage of beds, ICUs) on daily basis.

Status
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  one of: Cured
  one of: Deceased
  one of: Hospitalized
subclass of: Clinical Finding
comment: The current status of the patient, for example: recovered, hospitalized, deceased.

SuspectCase
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  union of: Class
    intersection of: Person
    intersection of: Class
      intersection of: Person
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: has symptom
        has value: Cough
      intersection of: Restriction
        on property: has symptom
        has value: Fever
  union of: Class
    intersection of: Person
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: has symptom
      min qualified cardinality: 3
      on class: LessCommonSymptom
subclass of: Person
comment: A. A person who meets the clinical AND epidemiological criteria: Clinical Criteria: • Acute onset of fever AND cough; OR • Acute onset of ANY THREE OR MORE of the following signs or symptoms: Fever, cough, general weakness/ fatigue, headache, myalgia, sore throat, coryza, dyspnoea, anorexia/nausea/vomiting, diarrhoea, altered mental status. AND Epidemiological Criteria: • Residing or working in an area with high risk of transmission of virus: closed residential settings, humanitarian settings such as camp and camp-like settings for displaced persons; any time within the 14 days prior to symptom onset; or • Residing or travel to an area with community transmission any time within the 14 days prior to symptom onset; or • Working in any healthcare setting, including with in health facilities or within the community; any time within the 14 days prior of symptom onset. B. A patient with severe acute respiratory illness: (SARI: acute respiratory infection with history of fever or measured fever of ≥38 C°; and cough; with onset within the last 10 days; and requires hospitalization).
comment: Person and ('has symptom' some MostCommonSymptom) or ('has symptom' min 3 LessCommonSymptom) Person and ('has symptom' value Fever) and (Person and ('has symptom' value 'Dry cough')) or (Person and ('has symptom' some LessCommonSymptom))

Symptomatic treatment
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 treatment
comment: Symptomatic treatment, supportive care, or supportive therapy is any medical therapy of a disease that only affects its symptoms, not the underlying cause.
alternative label: Supportive care
alternative label: Supportive therapy

Teaching
type: Class
subclass of: Education
comment: the profession of a teacher.

Test result
type: Class
comment: A test result.

Test statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: test
    some values from: nonNegativeInteger
subclass of: Statistics

TimeCluster
type: Class
subclass of: Cluster
comment: A cluster defined by some event (including lack of knowledge) at a certain date. Note that clusters are not disjoint, so a cluster can be an instance of a TimeCluster and other clusters.

Town
type: Class
subclass of: AdministrativeArea
comment: Places which satisfy the following criteria are called towns: (i) A minimum population of 5,000; (ii) At least 75 per cent of the male main working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits; and (iii) A density of population of at least 400 persons per sq. km. (i.e. 1000 per sq. Mile).

Treatment
type: Class
subclass of: Thing
comment: care by procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury.

UnderTracing
type: Class
subclass of: Disgnosis type
comment: The patient was identified as at risk for the disease (e.g., Covid-19) and was tested as part of tracing people identified to be at risk.

UnionTerritory
type: Class
subclass of: AdministrativeArea
comment: A union territory ('Federally administered territory/province') is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike the states of India, which have their own governments, union territories are federal territories governed directly by the Central Government of India.

Untested for COVID-19
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: hadCovidTest
    has value: false
subclass of: Person
comment: Untested for COVID-19

UrgentlyNeedsCovidTest
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: hasCloseRelationship
    some values from: Diagnosed With COVID-19
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: hadCovidTest
    has value: false
subclass of: Untested for COVID-19
comment: Urgently needs COVID test
comment: Urgently needs COVID-19 test

Variants of Concern
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 variant

Variant of High Consequence
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 variant

Variants of Interest
type: Class
subclass of: COVID-19 variant

Vaccination statistics
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Statistics
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: vaccination
    some values from: nonNegativeInteger
subclass of: Statistics
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: age group
  some values from: Age Group

Vaccination status
type: Class

Vaccine
type: Class
subclass of: Immunogen
comment: An immunogen consisting of a suspension of weakened or dead pathogenic cells injected in order to stimulate the production of antibodies.
alternative label: vaccinum

Vital sign
type: Class
subclass of: Sign

Vital signs
type: Class
subclass of: Test result
comment: The vital signs of a suspected covid-19 patient as found through clinical tests.

Woman
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has gender
    has value: Female
subclass of: Person
comment: A women.

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Amiodarone DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Amiodarone
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI
comment: Drug-drug interatction between Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir and Amiodarone

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Carbamazepine DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Carbamazepine
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI
comment: Drug-drug interatction between Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir and Carbamazepine

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Clopidogrel DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Clopidogrel
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI
comment: Drug-drug interatction between Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir and Clopidogrel

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Clozapine DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Clozapine
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI
comment: Drug-drug interatction between Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir and Clozapine

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Disopyramide DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Disopyramide
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI
comment: Drug-drug interatction between Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir and Disopyramide

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Dofetilide DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Dofetilide
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Dronedarone DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Dronedarone
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Eplerenone DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Eplerenone
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Flecainide DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Flecainide
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Ivabradine DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Ivabradine
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Lurasidone DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Lurasidone
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Midazolam DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Midazolam
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Phenobarbital DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Phenobarbital
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Phenytoin DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Phenytoin
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Pimozide DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Pimozide
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Primidone DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Primidone
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Propafenone DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Propafenone
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Quinidine DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Quinidine
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Rifampin DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Rifampin
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Rifapentine DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Rifapentine
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI
comment: Drug-drug interaction between Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir and Rifapentine

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Sildenafil DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Sildenafil
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Vardenafil DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Vardenafil
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Voclosporin DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: COVIDRO Voclosporin
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

Ritonavir-BoostedNirmatrelvir/Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir DDI
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: has concommitant
    has value: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir
subclass of: COVID-19 therapeutics DDI

COVID‑19 vaccine
type: Class
subclass of: Vaccine
comment: a vaccine intended to provide acquired immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), , the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Abu Dhabi
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
geoName: Abu Dhabi
latitude: 24.466667
longitude: 54.366667

Generalized aches and pains (finding)
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: SCTID: 82991003

Ad5-nCoV
type: NamedIndividual
type: COVID‑19 vaccine
alternative label: Convidicea

Ahmedabad
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Gujarat
contained in: India
has state: Gujarat
geoName: Ahmedabad
latitude: 23.03
longitude: 72.58

Ajmer
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Rajasthan
has state: Rajasthan
geoName: Ajmer
latitude: 26.4499
longitude: 74.6399

Amsterdam
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Netherlands
has country: Netherlands
geoName: Amsterdam
latitude: 52.366667
longitude: 4.9

Anantapur
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Andhra Pradesh
contained in: India
contains: Hindupur
has state: Andhra Pradesh
geoName: Anantapur

Andaman and Nicobar Islands
type: NamedIndividual
type: UnionTerritory
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Andaman and Nicobar Islands
comment: A union territory of India comprising 572 islands of which 37 are inhabited, are a group of islands at the juncture of the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea.

Andhra Pradesh
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
contains: Anantapur
contains: Hindupur
contains: Vishakapatnam
has country: India
geoName: Andhra Pradesh

Argentina
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Argentina

Assam
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Assam

Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine
type: NamedIndividual
type: COVID‑19 vaccine
alternative label: AZD1222
alternative label: ChAdOx1 nCoV19
alternative label: Covishield

Athens
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Greece
has country: Greece
geoName: Athens
latitude: 37.983972
longitude: 23.727806

B.1.1.7
type: NamedIndividual
type: Variants of Concern
comment: First detected in United Kingdom

B.1.351
type: NamedIndividual
type: Variants of Concern
comment: First detected in South Africa

B.1.617
type: NamedIndividual
type: Variants of Interest
comment: First detected in Maharastra, India First detected on October 2020
alternative label: G/452R.V3

Bagalkote
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Bagalkote
latitude: 16.1817
longitude: 75.6958

Bahrain
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Bahrain

Bangalore
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bangalore-Urban
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has district: Bangalore-Urban
geoName: Bangalore
latitude: 12.983333
longitude: 77.583333

Bangalore-Urban
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Bangalore
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Bangalore-Urban

Bangalore Rural
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Nelamangala
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Bangalore Rural

Bangladesh
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Bangladesh

Baroda
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Gujarat
contained in: India
has state: Gujarat
geoName: Baroda
latitude: 22.3
longitude: 73.2

Belagavi
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Belagavi
latitude: 15.85
longitude: 74.5

Bellary
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bellary District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has district: Bellary District
latitude: 15.1
longitude: 76.916667

Bellary District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Bellary
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Bellary District

Bengaluru Urban
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contains: Bagalkote
contains: Bangalore
contains: Bangalore-Urban
contains: Bangalore Rural
contains: Belagavi
contains: Bellary
contains: Bellary District
contains: Bhatkal
contains: Bidar
contains: Carwar
contains: Chamarajanagar
contains: Channagiri
contains: Chikkaballapur
contains: Chitradurga
contains: Davangere
contains: Davangere District
contains: Dharwad
contains: Dharwad District
contains: Gadag
contains: Gadag-Betageri
contains: Gulbarga
contains: Hassan
contains: Haveri
contains: Hubballi
contains: Hubli
contains: Humnabad
contains: Kalaburagi
contains: Kalburgi
contains: Karnataka
contains: Karwara
contains: Coorg
contains: Koppal
contains: Koppala District
contains: Madikeri
contains: Mandya
contains: Mangalore
contains: Mangaluru
contains: Mysore
contains: Nanjangud
contains: Nelamangala
contains: Pharmaceutical Company In Nanjangud
contains: Raichore
contains: Ramanagara
contains: Ramanagara District
contains: Shahapur
contains: Shivamogga
contains: Tumkur
contains: Udupi
contains: Uttar Kannada
contains: North Canara
contains: Vijayapura
contains: Yadgir
geoName: Bengaluru Urban

Bhatkal
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Bhatkal
latitude: 13.967
longitude: 74.567

Bidar
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Humnabad
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Bidar
latitude: 17.9
longitude: 77.5

Bihar
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
geoName: Bihar

Brazil
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Brazil

Breathlessness
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom

COVAXIN
type: NamedIndividual
type: COVID‑19 vaccine
alternative label: BBV152

COVID-19
type: NamedIndividual
type: Coronavirus disease
comment: A Coronavirus infection that is characterized by fever, cough and shortness of breath and that has_material_basis_in SARS-CoV-2 (source: obo).
comment: A disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
comment: Disease caused by 2019 novel coronavirus
comment: Disease caused by 2019-nCoV
comment: NCI:C171133
comment: SCTID: 840539006
alternative label: 2019 Novel Coronavirus

COVID-19 Antibody Tests
type: NamedIndividual
type: Laboratory procedure
comment: The body responds to a viral infection by producing antibodies that help neutralize the virus. Blood tests (also called serology tests or serology immunoassays) can detect the presence of such antibodies.
alternative label: Serology blood test
alternative label: Serology test
alternative label: serological test

ADHD
type: NamedIndividual
type: Disability
alternative label: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

COVIDRO ALPS
type: NamedIndividual
type: Immunocompromised state
comment: utoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is a rare immune disorder first described by NIH scientists in the mid-1990s that can cause numerous autoimmune problems, such as low levels of red blood cells, clot-forming platelets, and infection-fighting white blood cells. These problems can increase the risk of infection and hemorrhage. Read more about autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS).
alternative label: Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome

COVIDRO APS-1
type: NamedIndividual
type: Immunocompromised state
comment: Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS-1), also called autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), causes a diverse range of symptoms, including autoimmunity against different types of organs and increased susceptibility to candidiasis, a fungal infection caused by Candida yeast. Read more about APS-1 (APECED).
alternative label: Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1

COVIDRO AchesAndPains
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Aches and pains

BENTA-Disease
type: NamedIndividual
type: Immunocompromised state
comment: BENTA disease is a rare genetic disorder of the immune system caused by mutations in the gene CARD11. The disease is characterized by high levels of certain immune cells starting in infancy, an enlarged spleen, enlarged lymph nodes, immunodeficiency, and an elevated risk of lymphoma, a type of cancer Read more about BENTA disease

COVIDRO BreathingWithoutDifficulty
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Breathing without difficulty

COVIDRO Breathlessness
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Breathlessness

CEDS
type: NamedIndividual
type: Immunocompromised state
comment: Caspase eight deficiency state, or CEDS, is a very rare genetic disorder of the immune system caused by mutations in the CASP8 gene. CEDS is characterized by an enlarged spleen and lymph nodes, recurrent sinus and lung infections, recurrent viral infections, and a low level of infection-fighting antibodies. NIH researchers first described this condition in two siblings in 2002.
alternative label: Caspase eight deficiency state

COVID-19
type: NamedIndividual
type: Coronavirus disease
alternative label: 2019 Novel Coronavirus

COVIDRO CardiovascularDisease
type: NamedIndividual
type: Disorder
comment: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

COVIDRO ChronicKidneyDisease
type: NamedIndividual
type: Disorder
comment: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

COVIDRO ChronicKidneyInsufficiency
type: NamedIndividual
type: Disorder
comment: Chronic Kidney Insufficiency (CKI)

COVIDRO ChronicLiverDisease
type: NamedIndividual
type: Disorder
comment: Chronic Liver Disease (CLD)

COVIDRO ChronicObstructivePulmonaryDisease
type: NamedIndividual
type: Disorder
comment: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

COVIDRO Cough
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Cough

COVIDRO DiabetesMellitus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Disease
type: Disorder
comment: Diabetes mellitus

COVIDRO Dyspnea
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Dyspnea

COVIDRO Fever
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
type: Adverse effect
comment: Fever

HIV
type: NamedIndividual
type: Infectious disease
alternative label: Human Immunodeficiency Virus

High-Titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma
type: NamedIndividual
type: COVID-19 convalescent plasma
approved by: COVIDRO FDA-EUA
has adverse effect: COVIDRO TACO
has adverse effect: COVIDRO TRALI

COVIDRO Hypertension
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cardiovascular system disease
type: Disorder
comment: Hypertension

COVIDRO IschemicHeartDisease
type: NamedIndividual
type: Disorder
comment: Ischemic heart disease

COVIDRO Malaise
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Malaise

Molnupiravir
type: NamedIndividual
type: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral drug
approved by: COVIDRO FDA-EUA
has adverse effect: COVIDRO Diarrhea
has adverse effect: COVIDRO Dizziness
has adverse effect: COVIDRO Nausea

COVIDRO NotReported
type: NamedIndividual
type: Disorder
comment: Not reported

COVIDRO P00001
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has occupation: COVIDRO Paramedics
has immunocompromised state: COVIDRO ALPS
has underlying health condition: COVIDRO ChronicObstructivePulmonaryDisease
most recent vital sign: COVIDRO vital00001
age: 70

COVIDRO P00002
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has symptom: COVIDRO BreathingWithoutDifficulty
has symptom: COVIDRO Cough
has symptom: COVIDRO Fever
has symptom: COVIDRO Pneumonia
most recent vital sign: COVIDRO vital00002
is pregnant: true

COVIDRO P00003
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
most recent vital sign: COVIDRO vital00003
age: 17

COVIDRO P00004
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has immunocompromised state: BENTA-Disease
has underlying health condition: COVIDRO Cancer
has symptom: COVIDRO BreathingWithoutDifficulty
has symptom: COVIDRO Cough
has symptom: COVIDRO Pneumonia
has symptom: COVIDRO SoreThroat
most recent vital sign: COVIDRO vital00004
age: 15

COVIDRO P00005
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has underlying health condition: COVIDRO Pregnant
has symptom: COVIDRO BreathingWithoutDifficulty
has symptom: COVIDRO Cough
has symptom: COVIDRO Pneumonia
most recent vital sign: COVIDRO vital00005
patient status: COVIDRO Hospitalized
age: 44
weight: 77

COVIDRO P00006
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has present medical history: COVIDRO PresentMedicalHistory P00006
has underlying health condition: COVIDRO DiabetesMellitus
has symptom: COVIDRO BreathingWithoutDifficulty
has symptom: COVIDRO Cough
has symptom: COVIDRO SoreThroat
most recent vital sign: COVIDRO vital00006
age: 67
weight: 80

COVIDRO P00007
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has present medical history: COVIDRO PresentMedicalHistory P00007
has treatment procedure: COVIDRO ExtracorporealMembraneOxygenation
has treatment procedure: COVIDRO Non-InvasiveMechanicalVentilation
has treatment procedure: COVIDRO SupplementalOxygen
most recent vital sign: COVIDRO vital00007
patient status: COVIDRO Hospitalized
age: 22

COVIDRO P00008
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has present medical history: COVIDRO PresentMedicalHistory P00008
has underlying health condition: COVIDRO Cancer
has symptom: COVIDRO BreathingWithoutDifficulty
has symptom: COVIDRO Cough
has symptom: COVIDRO SoreThroat
most recent vital sign: COVIDRO vital00008
age: 66
weight: 90

COVIDRO P00009
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has occupation: COVIDRO Lawyer
most recent vital sign: COVIDRO vital00009
age: 14

COVIDRO P00010
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has present medical history: COVIDRO PresentMedicalHistory P00010
has diagnosis: COVIDRO diagnosis00010
has symptom: COVIDRO BreathingWithoutDifficulty
has symptom: COVIDRO Cough
most recent vital sign: COVIDRO vital00010
age: 68
weight: 90

COVIDRO Pain
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Pain

COVIDRO Pneumonia
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Pneumonia

Remdesivir
type: NamedIndividual
type: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral drug
approved by: COVIDRO FDA
has adverse effect: COVIDRO Nausea

Ritonavir-Boosted Nirmatrelvir
type: NamedIndividual
type: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral drug
approved by: COVIDRO FDA-EUA
has adverse effect: COVIDRO Anaphylaxis
has adverse effect: COVIDRO Diarrhea
has adverse effect: COVIDRO Dysgeusia
may interacts with: COVIDRO Amiodarone
may interacts with: COVIDRO Carbamazepine
may interacts with: COVIDRO Clopidogrel
may interacts with: COVIDRO Clozapine
may interacts with: COVIDRO Disopyramide
may interacts with: COVIDRO Dofetilide
may interacts with: COVIDRO Dronedarone
may interacts with: COVIDRO Eplerenone
may interacts with: COVIDRO Flecainide
may interacts with: COVIDRO Ivabradine
may interacts with: COVIDRO Lurasidone
may interacts with: COVIDRO Midazolam
may interacts with: COVIDRO Phenobarbital
may interacts with: COVIDRO Phenytoin
may interacts with: COVIDRO Pimozide
may interacts with: COVIDRO Primidone
may interacts with: COVIDRO Propafenone
may interacts with: COVIDRO Quinidine
may interacts with: COVIDRO Rifampin
may interacts with: COVIDRO Rifapentine
may interacts with: COVIDRO Sildenafil
may interacts with: COVIDRO Vardenafil
may interacts with: COVIDRO Voclosporin
may interacts with: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir
may not interacts with: COVIDRO Aspirin
may not interacts with: COVIDRO Cetirizine
may not interacts with: COVIDRO Diphenhydramine
may not interacts with: COVIDRO Famotidine
may not interacts with: COVIDRO Fexofenadine
may not interacts with: COVIDRO Loratadine
may not interacts with: COVIDRO Omeprazole
may not interacts with: COVIDRO Pantoprazole
alternative label: Paxlovid

COVIDRO RunnyNose
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Runny nose

COVIDRO SeverePneumonia
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Severe pneumonia

COVIDRO Sneezing
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Sneezing

COVIDRO SoreThroat
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Sore throat

URTI
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

COVIDRO vital00001
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital sign
BMI: 25

COVIDRO vital00002
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital sign
BMI: 67
DBP: 55
SBP: 70
SpO2: 88

COVIDRO vital00003
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital sign
BMI: 30

COVIDRO vital00004
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital sign
SpO2: 91
respiratory rate: 31

COVIDRO vital00005
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital sign
SpO2: 91
respiratory rate: 33

COVIDRO vital00006
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital sign
SpO2: 97

COVIDRO vital00008
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital sign
SpO2: 98

COVIDRO vital00010
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital sign
SpO2: 97

CT scan
type: NamedIndividual
type: Imaging procedure
comment: a medical imaging technique used in radiology (x-ray) to obtain detailed internal images of the body noninvasively for diagnostic purposes.
comment: formerly known as computed axial tomography or CAT scan

Carwar
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Carwar

Chamarajanagar
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Chamarajanagar
latitude: 11.926
longitude: 76.9402

Channagiri
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: Davangere District
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has district: Davangere District
geoName: Channagiri
latitude: 14.03
longitude: 75.93

Chattisgadh
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Chattisgadh

Chennai
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Tamil Nadu
has state: Tamil Nadu
geoName: Chennai
latitude: 13.0825
longitude: 80.275

Chest radiograph
type: NamedIndividual
type: Imaging procedure
comment: a projection radiograph of the chest used to diagnose conditions affecting the chest, its contents, and nearby structures. Chest radiographs are the most common film taken in medicine.
alternative label: chest film

Chikkaballapur
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Chikkaballapur
latitude: 13.43
longitude: 77.72

Chikmagalur
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
geoName: Chikmagalur
latitude: 13.313
longitude: 75.737

Chitradurga
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Chitradurga
latitude: 14.23
longitude: 76.4

Colombo
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Sri Lanka
contained in: Western Province
has state: Western Province
geoName: Colombo
latitude: 6.934444
longitude: 79.842778

Conjunctivitis
type: NamedIndividual
type: LessCommonSymptom
alternative label: red eyes

ContainmentZonesCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: ContactCluster
comment: Containment Zones : The patients who were contacts of Conatinment Zones and their contacts. Some patients have the Ward represented in the Reason column.

Dadra And Nagar Haveli And Daman And Diu
type: NamedIndividual
type: UnionTerritory
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Dadra And Nagar Haveli And Daman And Diu
comment: Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (DNHDD) is a union territory in western India.

Dakshina Kannada District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: India
contains: Mangalore
contains: Mangaluru
has country: India
geoName: Dakshina Kannada District

Daman And Diu
type: NamedIndividual
type: UnionTerritory
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Daman And Diu
comment: Until June 2019, Daman and Diu was an Union Territory of India. But since July 2019 it was merged to another Union Territory of India "Dadra and Nagar Haveli" and togtrehr formed a single union territory "Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (DNHDD)."

Dammam
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Saudi Arabia
has country: Saudi Arabia
geoName: Dammam
latitude: 26.433333
longitude: 50.1

Davangere
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Davangere
latitude: 14.4666
longitude: 75.9242

Davangere District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Channagiri
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Davangere District

Debaspete
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Debaspete

Delhi
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Delhi
latitude: 28.61
longitude: 77.23

Dharwad
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: Dharwad District
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has district: Dharwad District
geoName: Dharwad
latitude: 15.458333
longitude: 75.008333

Dharwad District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Dharwad
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Dharwad District

Diarrhea
type: NamedIndividual
type: LessCommonSymptom
comment: SCTID: 62315008

Diu
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Diu
latitude: 20.71
longitude: 70.98

Doha
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Qatar
has country: Qatar
geoName: Doha
latitude: 25.286667
longitude: 51.533333

DomesticTravelHistoryAbsentCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: India
comment: Domestic Travel History Absent : The patients for whom the information was given as "Travel History-Domestic"

Cough
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
type: MostCommonSymptom
comment: SCTID: 11833005
label: Dry cough

Dubai
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
geoName: Dubai
latitude: 25.263056
longitude: 55.297222

Edinburgh
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Scotland
contained in: UK
has state: Scotland
geoName: Edinburgh
latitude: 55.953
longitude: -3.189

Fever
type: NamedIndividual
type: MostCommonSymptom
comment: SCTID: 386661006

France
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Paris
geoName: France

Gadag
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has country: India
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Gadag
latitude: 15.4167
longitude: 75.6167

Gadag-Betageri
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has country: India
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Gadag-Betageri
latitude: 15.4167
longitude: 75.6167

Germany
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Germany

Goa
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
geoName: Goa
latitude: 15.5
longitude: 73.83

Greece
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Athens
geoName: Greece

Gujarat
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
contains: Ahmedabad
contains: Baroda
contains: Surat
has country: India
geoName: Gujarat

GujaratCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: Gujarat
comment: From Gujarat : The patients with travel history to Gujarat and their contacts.

Gulbarga
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Gulbarga
latitude: 17.329
longitude: 76.825

Guyana
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Guyana
comment: officially the Co‑operative Republic of Guyana, is a country on the northern mainland of South America.

Hacking cough
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: SCTTID: 59994004

Haryana
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Haryana

Hassan
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Hassan
latitude: 13.012
longitude: 76.068

Haveri
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Haveri
latitude: 14.793889
longitude: 75.403889

Himachal Pradesh
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Himachal Pradesh

Hindupur
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Anantapur
contained in: Andhra Pradesh
contained in: India
has district: Anantapur
geoName: Hindupur
latitude: 13.83
longitude: 77.49

Hubballi
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Hubballi
latitude: 15.350217
longitude: 75.137625

Hubli
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Hubli
latitude: 15.350217
longitude: 75.137625
comment: Hubli, officially known as Hubballi, is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka.

Humnabad
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: Bidar
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has district: Bidar
geoName: Humnabad
latitude: 17.77
longitude: 77.13
comment: a City and municipal council in the Bidar District of the Indian state of Karnataka and city is a headquarters of Humnabad taluk.

Hyderabad
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Telangana
has state: Telangana
geoName: Hyderabad
latitude: 17.37
longitude: 78.48

India
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Ahmedabad
contains: Ajmer
contains: Anantapur
contains: Andaman and Nicobar Islands
contains: Andhra Pradesh
contains: Assam
contains: Bagalkote
contains: Bangalore
contains: Bangalore-Urban
contains: Bangalore Rural
contains: Baroda
contains: Belagavi
contains: Bellary
contains: Bellary District
contains: Bhatkal
contains: Bidar
contains: Carwar
contains: Chamarajanagar
contains: Channagiri
contains: Chattisgadh
contains: Chennai
contains: Chikkaballapur
contains: Chitradurga
contains: Dadra And Nagar Haveli And Daman And Diu
contains: Dakshina Kannada District
contains: Daman And Diu
contains: Davangere
contains: Davangere District
contains: Debaspete
contains: Delhi
contains: Dharwad
contains: Dharwad District
contains: Diu
contains: Gadag
contains: Gadag-Betageri
contains: Gujarat
contains: Gulbarga
contains: Haryana
contains: Hassan
contains: Haveri
contains: Himachal Pradesh
contains: Hindupur
contains: Hubballi
contains: Hubli
contains: Humnabad
contains: Hyderabad
contains: Jalgaon
contains: Jalgaon District
contains: Jammu
contains: Jammu And Kashmir
contains: Jharkhand
contains: Kalaburagi
contains: Kalburgi
contains: Karnataka
contains: Karwara
contains: Kashmir
contains: Kerala
contains: Coorg
contains: Kolhapur
contains: Kolkata
contains: Koppal
contains: Koppala District
contains: Madhya Pradesh
contains: Madikeri
contains: Madurai
contains: Madurai District
contains: Maharashtra
contains: Mandya
contains: Mangalore
contains: Mangaluru
contains: Manipur
contains: Mumbai
contains: Mysore
contains: Nagaland
contains: Nandurbar
contains: Nandurbar District
contains: Nanjangud
contains: Nelamangala

Indonesia
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Indonesia

Influenza Like Illness
type: NamedIndividual
type: DiseaseCluster
comment: Influenza like illness : The patients showing influenza like symptoms and their contacts.
alternative label: ILI

InternationalTravelHistoryAbsentCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: The World
comment: International Travel History Absent : The patients for whom the information was given as "Travel History-International"

Iraq
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Iraq
geoName: Republic of Iraq
comment: A country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.
label: Republic of Iraq

Ireland
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Ireland

Italy
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Italy

Jalgaon
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Jalgaon District
contained in: Maharashtra
has district: Jalgaon District
geoName: Jalgaon
latitude: 20.997984
longitude: 75.566711

Jalgaon District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
contains: Jalgaon
has state: Maharashtra
geoName: Jalgaon District

Jammu
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Jammu And Kashmir
has state: Jammu And Kashmir
geoName: Jammu
latitude: 32.73
longitude: 74.87
comment: Jammu is the winter capital and the largest city in Jammu district of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.

Jammu And Kashmir
type: NamedIndividual
type: UnionTerritory
contained in: India
contains: Jammu
has country: India
geoName: Jammu And Kashmir

Jeddah
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Saudi Arabia
has country: Saudi Arabia
geoName: Jeddah
latitude: 21.543333
longitude: 39.172778

Jharkhand
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
contains: Shikharaji
has country: India
geoName: Jharkhand

June-27TraceHistoryAbsentCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: TimeCluster
date: 2020-06-27T00:00:00
event date: 2020-06-27T00:00:00
comment: 27-June Trace History Absent : On this day, no trace history information was given for the patients. Patients who were contacts of these individuals are also in this cluster.

June-28TraceHistoryAbsentCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: TimeCluster
date: 2020-06-28T00:00:00
event date: 2020-06-28T00:00:00
comment: 28-June Trace History Absent : On this day, no trace history information was given for the patients. Patients who were contacts of these individuals are also in this cluster.

June-29TraceHistoryAbsentCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: TimeCluster
date: 2020-06-29T00:00:00
event date: 2020-06-29T00:00:00
comment: 29-June Trace History Absent : On this day, no trace history information was given for the patients. Patients who were contacts of these individuals are also in this cluster.

Kalaburagi
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Kalaburagi
latitude: 17.329
longitude: 76.825

Kalburgi
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Kalburgi
latitude: 17.329
longitude: 76.825

Karnataka
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contains: Bagalkote
contains: Bangalore
contains: Bangalore-Urban
contains: Bangalore Rural
contains: Belagavi
contains: Bellary
contains: Bellary District
contains: Bhatkal
contains: Bidar
contains: Carwar
contains: Chamarajanagar
contains: Channagiri
contains: Chikkaballapur
contains: Chitradurga
contains: Davangere
contains: Davangere District
contains: Dharwad
contains: Dharwad District
contains: Gadag
contains: Gadag-Betageri
contains: Gulbarga
contains: Hassan
contains: Haveri
contains: Hubballi
contains: Hubli
contains: Humnabad
contains: Kalaburagi
contains: Kalburgi
contains: Karwara
contains: Coorg
contains: Koppal
contains: Koppala District
contains: Madikeri
contains: Mandya
contains: Mangalore
contains: Mangaluru
contains: Mysore
contains: Nanjangud
contains: Nelamangala
contains: Pharmaceutical Company In Nanjangud
contains: Raichore
contains: Ramanagara
contains: Ramanagara District
contains: Shahapur
contains: Shivamogga
contains: Tumkur
contains: Udupi
contains: Uttar Kannada
contains: North Canara
contains: Vijayapura
contains: Yadgir
has country: India
geoName: Karnataka

Karwara
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Karwara

Kashmir
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicRegion
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Kashmir

Kerala
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
contains: Trivandrum
has country: India
geoName: Kerala

Coorg
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Madikeri
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Coorg
geoName: Kodagu
comment: Kodagu, also called Coorg, is a district in Karnataka State.
label: Kodagu

Kodagu District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
geoName: Kodagu District

Kolhapur
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
has state: Maharashtra
geoName: Kolhapur
latitude: 16.691667
longitude: 74.233333

Kolkata
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: West Bengal
has state: West Bengal
geoName: Kolkata
latitude: 22.5726
longitude: 88.3639

Koppal
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contained in: Koppala District
has district: Koppala District
geoName: Koppal
geoName: Koppala
latitude: 15.35
longitude: 76.15
comment: a city in Koppala district in the Indian state of Karnataka.
label: Koppala

Koppala District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Koppal
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Koppala District

Kuwait
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Kuwait

London
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: UK
has country: UK
geoName: London
latitude: 51.507222
longitude: -0.1275

Madhya Pradesh
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Madhya Pradesh

Madikeri
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contained in: Coorg
has district: Coorg
geoName: Madikeri
latitude: 12.4209
longitude: 75.7397

Madrid
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Spain
has country: Spain
geoName: Madrid
latitude: 40.416667
longitude: -3.716667

Madurai
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Madurai District
contained in: Tamil Nadu
has district: Madurai District
geoName: Madurai
latitude: 9.9
longitude: 78.1

Madurai District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: India
contained in: Tamil Nadu
contains: Madurai
has state: Tamil Nadu
geoName: Madurai District

Maharashtra
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
contains: Jalgaon
contains: Jalgaon District
contains: Kolhapur
contains: Mumbai
contains: Nandurbar
contains: Nandurbar District
contains: Palghar
contains: Panvel
contains: Pune
contains: Raigad
contains: Ratnagiri
contains: Ratnagiri District
contains: Solapur
contains: Thane
contains: Thane District
has country: India
geoName: Maharashtra

MaharashtraCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: Maharashtra
comment: From Maharashtra : The patients with travel history to Maharashtra and their contacts.

Malaysia
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Malaysia

Mandya
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Mandya
latitude: 12.52
longitude: 76.9

Mangalore
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: Dakshina Kannada District
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has district: Dakshina Kannada District
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Mangalore
latitude: 12.78563
longitude: 74.84108

Mangaluru
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: Dakshina Kannada District
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has district: Dakshina Kannada District
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Mangaluru
latitude: 12.78563
longitude: 74.84108

Manipur
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Manipur

Mecca
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Saudi Arabia
has country: Saudi Arabia
geoName: Mecca
latitude: 21.4225
longitude: 39.823333

Middle East
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicRegion
geoName: Middle East

MiddleEastCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: Middle East
comment: From Middle East : The patients with travel to the Middle East and their contacts.

Mumbai
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
has state: Maharashtra
geoName: Mumbai
latitude: 18.975
longitude: 72.825833

Muscat
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Oman
has country: Oman
geoName: Muscat
latitude: 23.588889
longitude: 58.408333

Mysore
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Nanjangud
contains: Pharmaceutical Company In Nanjangud
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Mysore

Nagaland
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: Nagaland

Nandurbar
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
contained in: Nandurbar District
has district: Nandurbar District
geoName: Nandurbar
latitude: 21.37
longitude: 74.25

Nandurbar District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
contains: Nandurbar
has state: Maharashtra
geoName: Nandurbar District

Nanjangud
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contained in: Mysore
contains: Pharmaceutical Company In Nanjangud
has district: Mysore
geoName: Nanjangud
latitude: 12.12
longitude: 76.68

Nasal congestion
type: NamedIndividual
type: LessCommonSymptom
comment: SCTID: 68235000

Nelamangala
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bangalore Rural
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has district: Bangalore Rural
geoName: Nelamangala
latitude: 13.102
longitude: 77.374

Nepal
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Nepal

Nerve damage
type: NamedIndividual
type: OtherLessCommonSymptom

Netherlands
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Amsterdam
geoName: Netherlands

New York City
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: New York State
contained in: USA
has state: New York State
geoName: New York City
latitude: 40.71274
longitude: -74.005974

New York State
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: USA
contains: New York City
has country: USA
geoName: New York State

Oman
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Muscat
geoName: Oman

P000001-Vitals1
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital signs
is test result for: p000001
Heart rate: 120
respiratory rate: 10

P000002-Vitals1
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital signs
is test result for: p000002
SpO2: 91
respiratory rate: 25
test result on: 2020-04-26T09:00:00

P000003-Vitals1
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital signs
is test result for: p000003
next test result: P000003-Vitals2
SpO2: 90
date: 2020-04-21T10:00:00
respiratory rate: 35
test result on: 2020-04-21T10:00:00

P000003-Vitals2
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital signs
is test result for: p000003
next test result: P000003-Vitals3
previous test result: P000003-Vitals1
date: 2020-04-22T10:00:00
test result on: 2020-04-22T10:00:00

P000003-Vitals3
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital signs
is test result for: p000003
next test result: P000003-Vitals4
previous test result: P000003-Vitals2
date: 2020-04-23T11:00:00
test result on: 2020-04-23T11:00:00

P000003-Vitals4
type: NamedIndividual
type: Vital signs
is test result for: p000003
previous test result: P000003-Vitals3
SpO2: 88
date: 2020-04-26T08:00:00
respiratory rate: 35
test result on: 2020-04-26T08:00:00

Pain
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: SCTID: 22253000

Pain in throat
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: SCTID: 162397003
label: Sore throat

Palghar
type: NamedIndividual
type: Town
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
has state: Maharashtra
geoName: Palghar

Panvel
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
contained in: Raigad
has district: Raigad
geoName: Panvel
latitude: 18.994444
longitude: 73.113889
comment: a locality in Raigad district of Maharashtra in India.

Paris
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: France
has country: France
geoName: Paris
latitude: 48.856613
longitude: 2.352222

Persistent pain in chest
type: NamedIndividual
type: SevereCOVID-19Symptom

Persistent pressure in chest
type: NamedIndividual
type: SevereCOVID-19Symptom

Pharmaceutical Company In Nanjangud
type: NamedIndividual
type: Business
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contained in: Mysore
contained in: Nanjangud
has city: Nanjangud

PharmaceuticalCompanyInNanjangudCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: ContactCluster
spatial coverage: Pharmaceutical Company In Nanjangud
comment: Pharmaceutical Company in Nanjangud : This patients who were workers of a Pharmaceutical Company in Nanjangud, Mysore along with their contacts.

Philippines
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Philippines

Pune
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
has state: Maharashtra
geoName: Pune
latitude: 18.520278
longitude: 73.856667

Punjab
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
geoName: Punjab

Qatar
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Doha
geoName: Qatar

RT-PCR tests
type: NamedIndividual
type: Laboratory procedure
comment: The Molecular test, commonly known as the RT-PCR test, is a method of testing that is used to directly detect the presence of the virus in the sample
comment: a laboratory technique combining reverse transcription of RNA into DNA (in this context called complementary DNA or cDNA) and amplification of specific DNA targets using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
alternative label: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

Raichore
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Raichore
geoName: Raichur
latitude: 16.2
longitude: 77.37
comment: a city municipality in the district of Raichur in the Indian state of Karnataka.
label: Raichur
alternative label: Rayachuru

Raigad
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
contains: Panvel
has state: Maharashtra
geoName: Raigad
geoName: Raigadh
comment: Raigad District (formerly Kolába district), is a district in the Konkan division of Maharashtra, India.
label: Raigadh

Rajasthan
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
contains: Ajmer
has country: India
geoName: Rajasthan

RajasthanCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: Rajasthan
comment: From Rajasthan : The patients with travel history to Rajasthan and their contacts.

Ramanagara
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contained in: Ramanagara District
has district: Ramanagara District
geoName: Ramanagara
latitude: 12.723
longitude: 77.286
comment: a city and a city municipal council in the Indian state of Karnataka.

Ramanagara District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Ramanagara
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Ramanagara District

Rapid antigen test (RAT)
type: NamedIndividual
type: Laboratory procedure
comment: A COVID-19 antigen refers to any foreign matter or viral proteins in the body that triggers an immune response.
comment: a rapid diagnostic test suitable for point-of-care testing that directly detects the presence or absence of an antigen.
alternative label: Antigen rapid test (ART)
alternative label: Rapid antigen detection test (RADT)
alternative label: Rapid test
alternative label: rapid antigen test

Ratnagiri
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
contained in: Ratnagiri District
has district: Ratnagiri District
geoName: Ratnagiri
latitude: 16.994444
longitude: 73.3

Ratnagiri District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
contains: Ratnagiri
has state: Maharashtra
geoName: Ratnagiri District

Reduced consciousness
type: NamedIndividual
type: OtherLessCommonSymptom

Rest Of Europe
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicRegion
geoName: Rest Of Europe

RestOfEuropeCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: Rest Of Europe
comment: From the rest of Europe : The patients with travel history to Europe but not to UK and their contacts.

Riyadh
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Saudi Arabia
has country: Saudi Arabia
geoName: Riyadh
latitude: 24.633333
longitude: 46.716667

Nasal discharge presen
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: SCTID: 267101005
label: Nose dripping
label: Nose running

Saudi Arabia
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Dammam
contains: Jeddah
contains: Mecca
contains: Riyadh
geoName: Saudi Arabia

Scotland
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: UK
contains: Edinburgh
has country: UK
geoName: Scotland

SecondGenerationContactAbsentCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: ContactCluster
comment: Second Generation Contact Absent : The patients whose information was given as "Contact" without giving the patient ID of the individual they were a contact of.

SecondGenerationContactCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: ContactCluster

Sensitisation
type: NamedIndividual
type: Immunization
comment: rendering an organism sensitive to a serum by a series of injections.
alternative label: Sensitization

Severe Acute Respiratory Infections
type: NamedIndividual
type: DiseaseCluster
comment: Severe Acute Respiratory Infection: This includes patients with a history of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection whose symptoms have resurfaced and their contacts.
alternative label: SARI

Shahapur
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contained in: Yadgir
has district: Yadgir
geoName: Shahapur
latitude: 16.7
longitude: 76.83
comment: a city and taluka headquarter located in the Yadgir district of Indian state of Karnataka.

Sharjah
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: United Arab Emirates
has country: United Arab Emirates
geoName: Sharjah
latitude: 25.3575
longitude: 55.390833

Shikharaji
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Jharkhand
has state: Jharkhand
geoName: Shikharaji
latitude: 23.9611
longitude: 86.1371

Shivamogga
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Shivamogga
latitude: 13.933333
longitude: 75.566667

Singapore
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
geoName: Singapore
latitude: 1.283333
longitude: 103.833333

Sleep disorders
type: NamedIndividual
type: OtherLessCommonSymptom

Sneezing
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: SCTID: 76067001

Solapur
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
has state: Maharashtra
geoName: Solapur
latitude: 17.68
longitude: 75.92

Republic of South Africa
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Republic of South Africa

South America
type: NamedIndividual
type: Continent
geoName: South America

SouthAmericaCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: South America
comment: From South America : The patients with travel history to South America and their contacts.

SouthernStatesCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: Southern States Of India
comment: From the Southern States : The patients with travel to Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh or Telengana and their contacts. This doesn't contain patients with interdistrict travel in Karnataka

Southern States Of India
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicRegion
geoName: Southern States Of India
comment: Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh or Telengana. This doesn't contain Karnataka

Spain
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Madrid
geoName: Spain

Sri Lanka
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Colombo
contains: Western Province
geoName: Sri Lanka

Surat
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Gujarat
contained in: India
has state: Gujarat
geoName: Surat
latitude: 21.17024
longitude: 72.831061

Switzerland
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Switzerland

TJCongregation13thTo18thCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
type: TimeCluster
spatial coverage: Delhi
date: 2020-03-13T00:00:00
date: 2020-03-18T00:00:00
end date: 2020-03-18T00:00:00
start date: 2020-03-13T00:00:00
comment: TJ Congregation from 13th to 18th March in Delhi : The patients with travel history to the TJ Congregation in Delhi and their contacts.

Tamil Nadu
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
contains: Chennai
contains: Madurai
contains: Madurai District
contains: Vellore
contains: Vellore District
has country: India
geoName: Tamil Nadu

Telangana
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
contains: Hyderabad
has country: India
geoName: Telangana

Texas
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: USA
has country: USA
geoName: Texas

Thane
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
contained in: Thane District
has district: Thane District
geoName: Thane
latitude: 19.172431
longitude: 72.957019

Thane District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: India
contained in: Maharashtra
contains: Thane
has state: Maharashtra
geoName: Thane District

The World
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicRegion
geoName: The World
comment: Represents the geographic region of the entire world.

Feeling tired
type: NamedIndividual
type: MostCommonSymptom
comment: SCTID: 224960004
alternative label: Fatigue

Trivandrum
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Kerala
has state: Kerala
geoName: Trivandrum
latitude: 8.4875
longitude: 76.9525

Tumkur
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Tumkur
latitude: 13.34
longitude: 77.1

Turkey
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
geoName: Turkey

UK
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Edinburgh
contains: London
contains: Scotland
geoName: UK

Uttar Pradesh
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
has country: India
geoName: UP
label: UP

URTI
type: NamedIndividual
type: Symptom
comment: SCTID: 54150009
label: Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

USA
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: New York City
contains: New York State
contains: Texas
geoName: USA

USACluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: USA
comment: From USA : The patients who had travel history to USA and their contacts.

Udupi
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Udupi
latitude: 13.3389
longitude: 74.7451

United Arab Emirates
type: NamedIndividual
type: Country
contains: Sharjah
geoName: United Arab Emirates

UnitedKingdomCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: GeographicCluster
spatial coverage: UK
comment: From United Kingdom : The patients with travel history to UK and their contacts.

UnknownCluster
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cluster
comment: Unknown : The patients who have been listed in the Media Bulletins as "Contact Under Tracing"and their contacts.

Uttar Kannada
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Uttar Kannada

Uttar Pradesh
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
geoName: Uttar Pradesh

North Canara
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: North Canara
geoName: Uttara Kannada
comment: Uttara Kannada, formerly known as North Canara, is a district in the Indian state of Karnataka.
label: Uttara Kannada

Vaccination
type: NamedIndividual
type: Immunization
comment: taking a vaccine as a precaution against contracting a disease
alternative label: Inoculation

Vadodara District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
geoName: Vadodara District

Vellore
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: India
contained in: Tamil Nadu
contained in: Vellore District
has district: Vellore District
geoName: Vellore
latitude: 12.920219
longitude: 79.133306

Vellore District
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: India
contained in: Tamil Nadu
contains: Vellore
has state: Tamil Nadu
geoName: Vellore District

Vijayapura
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Vijayapura
latitude: 13.29
longitude: 77.8

Vishakapatnam
type: NamedIndividual
type: City
contained in: Andhra Pradesh
contained in: India
has state: Andhra Pradesh
geoName: Vishakapatnam
latitude: 17.704167
longitude: 83.297778

Ward 135
type: NamedIndividual
type: CityWard
geoName: Ward 135

West Bengal
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: India
contains: Kolkata
has country: India
geoName: West Bengal

Western Province
type: NamedIndividual
type: State
contained in: Sri Lanka
contains: Colombo
has country: Sri Lanka
geoName: Western Province
comment: is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka, the first level administrative division of the country.

Yadgir
type: NamedIndividual
type: District
contained in: Bengaluru Urban
contained in: India
contained in: Karnataka
contains: Shahapur
has state: Karnataka
geoName: Yadgir

caseKar1
type: NamedIndividual
type: Case Statistics
spatial coverage: Karnataka
active cases: 200

p000001
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has gender: Male
has diagnosis: P000001Diagnosis
has symptom: Fever
has symptom: URTI
has test result: P000001-Vitals1
most recent test result: P000001-Vitals1
had covid test: true
patient id: T1

p000002
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has diagnosis: P000002Diagnosis
has symptom: Pneumonia
has test result: P000002-Vitals1
most recent test result: P000002-Vitals1
had covid test: true
patient id: T2

p000003
type: NamedIndividual
has diagnosis: P000003Diagnosis
has symptom: SeverePneumonia
has test result: P000003-Vitals1
has test result: P000003-Vitals2
has test result: P000003-Vitals3
has test result: P000003-Vitals4
most recent test result: P000003-Vitals4
had covid test: true
patient id: T3

p000004
type: NamedIndividual
spouse: p000001
had covid test: false
patient id: T4

p000005
type: NamedIndividual
had covid test: false
patient id: T5

p000006
type: NamedIndividual
had covid test: false
patient id: T6

p000007
type: NamedIndividual
had covid test: false
patient id: T7

p000008
type: NamedIndividual
has gender: Female
had covid test: false
patient id: T8

p000009
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
had covid test: true
patient id: T9

p000010
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
had covid test: false
patient id: T10

p000011
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
had covid test: true
patient id: T11

p000012
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
had covid test: false
patient id: T12

p000013
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
patient id: T13

p000014
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
patient id: T14

p000015
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
patient id: T15

p000016
type: NamedIndividual
patient id: T16

p000018
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
patient id: T18

p000019
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
patient id: T19

p000020
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has symptom: Diarrhea
has symptom: Headache
has symptom: LossOfSmell
has symptom: Nausea
patient id: T20

p000017
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
patient id: T17
comment: Note: had to give this test data id that may conflict with real data in order to process reason strings that require numeric computations on the ID's. I.e., they have to be numeric strings that can be converted to integers not string starting with "T" So make sure to delete this and similar test data before loading actual data.

p99992
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
patient id: 99992
comment: Note: had to give this test data id that may conflict with real data in order to process reason strings that require numeric computations on the ID's. I.e., they have to be numeric strings that can be converted to integers not string starting with "T" So make sure to delete this and similar test data before loading actual data.

p99993
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
patient id: 99993
comment: Note: had to give this test data id that may conflict with real data in order to process reason strings that require numeric computations on the ID's. I.e., they have to be numeric strings that can be converted to integers not string starting with "T" So make sure to delete this and similar test data before loading actual data.

vacStat1
type: NamedIndividual
type: Statistics
spatial coverage: Karnataka
age group: Aged45-and-above
cumulative first dose vaccine administered: 100
date: 2022-01-01T00:00:00

min inclusive: 65

Datatype
on datatype: decimal
with restrictions:
  max exclusive: 18

min inclusive: 18

max exclusive: 65

Datatype
on datatype: integer
with restrictions:
  min inclusive: 30
with restrictions:
  max exclusive: 40

Datatype
on datatype: integer
with restrictions:
  min inclusive: 25
with restrictions:
  max exclusive: 30

min inclusive: 18

Datatype
on datatype: decimal
with restrictions:
  min inclusive: 18

min inclusive: 0.07

min inclusive: 3

Datatype
on datatype: decimal
with restrictions:
  min inclusive: 0.07

Datatype
on datatype: decimal
with restrictions:
  min inclusive: 3

Datatype
on datatype: decimal
with restrictions:
  min inclusive: 12

Datatype
on datatype: decimal
with restrictions:
  min inclusive: 40

Datatype
on datatype: decimal
with restrictions:
  min inclusive: 12

Datatype
on datatype: decimal
with restrictions:
  min inclusive: 40

Datatype
on datatype: integer
with restrictions:
  min inclusive: 40

Class
intersection of: Vital sign
intersection of: Restriction
  on property: SpO2
  some values from: Datatype
    on datatype: integer
    with restrictions:
      min inclusive: 94

Class
intersection of: Vital sign
intersection of: Restriction
  on property: SpO2
  some values from: Datatype
    on datatype: integer
    with restrictions:
      min exclusive: 90
intersection of: Restriction
  on property: SpO2
  some values from: Datatype
    on datatype: integer
    with restrictions:
      max inclusive: 93
intersection of: Restriction
  on property: respiratory rate
  some values from: Datatype
    on datatype: integer
    with restrictions:
      min inclusive: 30

Restriction
on property: respiratory rate
some values from: Datatype
  on datatype: integer
  with restrictions:
    min inclusive: 24

Restriction
on property: respiratory rate
some values from: Datatype
  on datatype: integer
  with restrictions:
    max exclusive: 30

Restriction
on property: SpO2
some values from: Datatype
  on datatype: integer
  with restrictions:
    min exclusive: 90

Restriction
on property: SpO2
some values from: Datatype
  on datatype: integer
  with restrictions:
    max inclusive: 93

Class
union of: Class
  intersection of: Vital sign
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: DBP
    some values from: Datatype
      on datatype: integer
      with restrictions:
        max exclusive: 60
union of: Class
  intersection of: Class
    intersection of: Vital sign
    intersection of: Restriction
      on property: SBP
      some values from: Datatype
        on datatype: integer
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: SpO2
    some values from: Datatype
      on datatype: integer
      with restrictions:
        max exclusive: 90

max exclusive: 90

Restriction
on property: respiratory rate
some values from: Datatype
  on datatype: integer
  with restrictions:
    min exclusive: 30

Restriction
on property: SpO2
some values from: Datatype
  on datatype: integer
  with restrictions:
    max exclusive: 90